title: Dietary krill oil supplementation reduces hepatic steatosis, glycemia, and hypercholesterolemia in high-fat-fed mice.
abstract: Krill oil (KO) is rich in n-3 fatty acids that are present in phospholipids rather than in triglycerides. In the present study, we investigated the effects of dietary KO on cardiometabolic risk factors in male C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. Mice (n = 6-10 per group) were fed for 8 weeks either: (1) a nonpurified chow diet (N); (2) a high-fat semipurified diet containing 21 wt % buttermilk + 0.15 wt % cholesterol (HF); (3) HF supplemented with 1.25 wt % KO (HFKO1.25); (4) HF with 2.5 wt % KO (HFKO2.5); or (5) HF with 5 wt % KO (HFKO5.0). Dietary KO supplementation caused a significant reduction in liver wt (i.e., hepatomegaly) and total liver fat (i.e., hepatic steatosis), due to a dose-dependent reduction in hepatic triglyceride (mean +/- SEM: 35 +/- 6, 47 +/- 4, and 51 +/- 5% for HFKO1.25, -2.5, and -5.0 vs HF, respectively, P < 0.001) and cholesterol (55 +/- 5, 66 +/- 3, and 71 +/- 3%, P < 0.001). Serum cholesterol levels were reduced by 20 +/- 3, 29 +/- 4, and 29 +/- 5%, and blood glucose was reduced by 36 +/- 5, 34 +/- 6, and 42 +/- 6%, respectively. Serum adiponectin was increased in KO-fed animals (HF vs HFKO5.0: 5.0 +/- 0.2 vs 7.5 +/- 0.6 microg/mL, P < 0.01). These results demonstrate that dietary KO is effective in improving metabolic parameters in mice fed a high-fat diet, suggesting that KO may be of therapeutic value in patients with the metabolic syndrome and/or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
authors.affiliation: Heart Research Institute, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Sally
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tandy
authors.forename: Rosanna W S
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wat
authors.forename: Alvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamili
authors.forename: Kjetil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berge
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griinari
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cohn
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D033201:Euphausiacea / Q000737:chemistry*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D002784:Cholesterol