title: Decursin inhibits retinal neovascularization via suppression of VEGFR-2 activation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pathologic angiogenesis in the retina leads to the catastrophic loss of vision. Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), a vasoproliferative retinopathy, is a leading cause of blindness in children. We evaluated the inhibitory effect of decursin on retinal neovascularization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-angiogenic activity of decursin was evaluated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced proliferation, migration, and in vitro tube formation assay of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs). We also used western blot analysis to assess inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) phosphorylation by decursin. After intravitreal injection of decursin in a mouse model of ROP, retinal neovascularization was examined by fluorescence angiography and vessel counting in cross-sections. The toxicity of decursin was evaluated through 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay in HRMECs as well as histologic and immunohistochemistry examination for glial fibrillary acidic protein in the retina.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decursin significantly inhibited VEGF-induced proliferation, migration, and the formation of capillary-like networks of retinal endothelial cells in a dose-dependent manner. Decursin inhibited VEGF-induced phosphorylation of VEGFR-2, blocking the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway. When intravitreously injected, decursin dramatically suppressed retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of ROP. Even in a high concentration, decursin never induced any structural or inflammatory changes to cells in retinal or vitreous layers. Moreover, the upregulation of glial fibrillary acidic protein expression was not detected in Mueller cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that decursin may be a potent anti-angiogenic agent targeting the VEGFR-2 signaling pathway, which significantly inhibits retinal neovascularization without retinal toxicity and may be applicable in various other vasoproliferative retinopathies as well.
authors.affiliation: Fight against Angiogenesis-Related Blindness (FARB) Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University and Seoul Artificial Eye Center Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 151-744, Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Hyoung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: You Mie
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Kyu-Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D055806:Microvessels / Q000166:cytology; D010100:Oxygen; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D002087:Butyrates; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C101278:decursin; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D010100:Oxygen