title: Ex vivo tracheal mucociliary clearance in rats: comparisons of nebulization versus irrigation with lactated Ringer and saline solutions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was performed to compare the effects of isotonic saline, hypertonic saline (buffered/nonbuffered), and lactated Ringer irrigation and distilled water nebulization on mucociliary clearance in ex vivo rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary otolaryngology care centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rat tracheas were achieved from 15 rats by dividing the trachea longitudinally into two equal parts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mucociliary transport velocity was measured by direct observation of particle placed on the lower end of the trachea after irrigation or nebulization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant improvement in mucociliary clearance was found with isotonic saline (p = .002), buffered hypertonic saline (p = .018), lactated Ringer (p = .000), and nebulized distilled water (p = .000) when compared with nonbuffered hypertonic saline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lactated Ringer solution is better than saline solution at enhancing mucociliary clearance, but nebulized distilled water is superior to the tested irrigation solutions in rat tracheal epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Mustafa Kemal University School of Medicine, Antakya, Turkey. semsettinokuyucu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Semsettin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okuyucu
authors.forename: Ertap
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akoglu
authors.forename: Cenk
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Babayigit
authors.forename: Sebahat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akoglu
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dagli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057168:Distillation; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods; D014132:Trachea; D014867:Water / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012462:Saline Solution, Hypertonic; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride