Histomorphometric analysis of human maxillary sinus lift with a new bone substitute biocomposite: a preliminary report.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze radiographic and histological outcomes of maxillary sinus floor augmentation using a calcium-sulfate based allograft containing demineralized bone matrix particles.


METHODS
Fifteen maxillary sinus lift procedures with simultaneous placement of titanium implants were performed in 12 patients of both genders aged 36-71 years. Each sinus cavity was filled by the biocomposite. After 3 months of healing, all surgical sites were uncovered and bone biopsies were retrieved for undecalcified histology and histomorphometry. The ratio between the original and the grafted sinus height (GSH/OSH) was computed using a panoramic radiography taken immediately after surgery and at 3 months of healing, and the two ratios were compared by Wilcoxon signed-rank test.


RESULTS
By 3 months, all implants were stable without clinical and radiographic signs of infection. Significant changes in GSH/OSH during healing were seen (2.7 +/- 0.6 initially vs. 2.6 +/- 0.5 after healing; p = 0.01). Histologic findings showed newly formed bone surrounding the residual grafted particles without inflammation. At 3 months, mean regenerated bone density was 33.8 +/- 8.6%; marrow spaces amounted to 32.3 +/- 10.3%; residual graft was 33.9 +/- 9.0%. Similar histomorphometric and radiographic results were obtained independently from patient age or sex.


CONCLUSIONS
The analysed putty seems to be a safe and effective graft material for maxillary sinus floor augmentation by accelerating bone regeneration and thus reducing the healing time.
Dellavia
Claudia
C
University of Milan, Human Morphology and Biomedical Sciences Città Studi, Milan, Italy. claudia.dellavia@unimi.it
Tartaglia
Gianluca
G
Sforza
Chiarella
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002133:Calcium Sulfate; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002133:Calcium Sulfate