title: CA125 (MUC16) tumor antigen selectively modulates the sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells to genotoxic drug-induced apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about the biological functions of CA125/MUC16 tumor antigen. Here, we examined the role of CA125/MUC16 in regulating the sensitivity of epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) cells to different drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  An endoplasmic reticulum targeted single-chain antibody (scFv) was used to down-regulate cell surface expression of CA125/MUC16 in NIH:OVCAR3 cells and the C-terminal domain (CTD) of MUC16 was ectopically expressed in CA125-negative SKOV3 cells. Sensitivity to genotoxic agents and to inhibitors of microtubule depolymerization was examined in NIH:OVCAR3 and SKOV3 cell sublines. Cell viability was determined by XTT assay, apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and caspase activation by Western blot and fluorogenic assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Down-regulation of cell surface MUC16 decreases cisplatin IC(50) by 5-fold in NIH:OVCAR3 cells but does not affect paclitaxel IC(50). We found that the sensitivity to other genotoxic agents such as cyclophosphamide, doxorubicine and etoposide was also increased by down-regulation of MUC16. Caspase-9 and caspase-3 activation also significantly augmented in cisplatin-treated NIH:OVCAR3 cells expressing the anti-MUC16 scFv. Ectopic expression of MUC16 CTD has the opposite effect. Cisplatin sensitivity and caspases activation are decreased by the ectopic expression of MUC16 CTD in SKOV3 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CA125/MUC16 selectively modulates the sensitivity of EOC cells to genotoxic agents. The MUC16 CTD appears to be sufficient to promote cisplatin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Département de Microbiologie et Infectiologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 3001, 12ième Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke J1H 5N1, Canada.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piché
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rancourt
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D018394:CA-125 Antigen; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D020169:Caspases; D002945:Cisplatin