title: Prenatal dexamethasone exposure does not alter blood pressure and nephron number in the young adult marmoset monkey.
abstract: The influence of prenatal factors on the development of arterial hypertension has gained considerable interest in recent years. Prenatal dexamethasone exposure was found to induce hypertension and to alter nephron number and size in rodents and sheep. However, it is not clear whether these findings are applicable to nonhuman primates. Thus, we examined the effects of prenatal dexamethasone treatment on blood pressure (BP) and nephron number in marmoset monkeys. Fifty-two marmosets were allotted to 3 groups according to the gestational stage during which their mothers were exposed to oral 5-mg/kg dexamethasone for 7 days (gestation period: 20 weeks): (1) the early dexamethasone group at week 7; (2) the late dexamethasone group at week 13; and (3) the control group. BP was determined by telemetric (n=12) or cuff measurements (n=30), along with cystatin C, proteinuria, and body weight. All of the animals were euthanized at the age of 24 months, and glomerular number and volume were determined. Prenatal exposure to dexamethasone did not lead to a significant difference between the groups with regard to BP, kidney morphology and function, or body weight. BP correlated significantly with body weight, relative kidney weight, and mean glomerular volume and the body weight with the glomerular volume regardless of dexamethasone treatment. In conclusion, prenatal exposure to dexamethasone in marmosets does not, in contrast to other mammals studied, result in hypertension or changes in kidney morphology. Our data support the role of body weight as a predictor of elevated glomerular volume and BP development rather than prenatal dexamethasone exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Nephrology and Rheumatology, Georg-August-University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. c.bramlage@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: Carsten Paul
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Bramlage
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schlumbohm
authors.forename: Christopher Robert
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pryce
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schnell
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.forename: Victor William
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Amstrong
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Eitner
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zapf
authors.forename: Joram
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feldon
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oellerich
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Gerhard Anton
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Strutz
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D002144:Callithrix; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D000882:Haplorhini; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009399:Nephrons / Q000187:drug effects; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011336:Probability; D011507:Proteinuria; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D055316:Cystatin C; D003907:Dexamethasone