title: The Maastricht social participation profile: development and clinimetric properties in older adults with a chronic physical illness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and test the Maastricht Social Participation Profile (MSPP), an instrument measuring the actual social participation by older adults with a chronic physical illness, in accordance with their own definition of social participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The development process consisted of a number of steps, ending with a field test in two waves (n = 412 and n = 125) among a random sample of people older than 59 years with either COPD or diabetes mellitus. Reproducibility was evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and smallest real differences at group level (SRDs(group)). Convergent and discriminant validity were evaluated with Pearson correlation coefficients between the MSPP and the Frenchay Activities Index (FAI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MSPP consists of four indices: consumptive participation, formal social participation, informal social participation-acquaintances and informal social participation-family. Each index measured diversity and frequency of participation. ICCs ranged between 0.63 and 0.83. SRDs(group) ranged between 0.05 and 0.09. Convergent and discriminant validity were supported by the correlations between the MSPP(frequency) and the FAI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MSPP has good validity and acceptable reproducibility. Its distinguishing features are its focus on actual social participation and the possibility to calculate both diversity and frequency scores.
authors.affiliation: School for Public Health and Primary Care, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. g.mars@cbs.nl
authors.forename: Godelief M J
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mars
authors.forename: Gertrudis I J M
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Kempen
authors.forename: Marcel W M
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Ireen M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Proot
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mesters
authors.forename: Jacques T M
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: van Eijk
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011594:Psychometrics; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive; D012938:Social Perception