title: [Stab wounds of the kidney: conservative management. Two new cases and review of the literature].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stab wounds of the kidney have traditionally been managed by open surgery. Nowadays the conservative management of stab wounds injuries is extended in order to avoid unnecessaries nephrectomies and laparotomies without increasing morbidity and mortality. Although there is no a strong evidence to recommend when to operate or what sort of follow up we must do.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present two new cases of stab wounds injuries managed conservatively. We performed a systematic review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patients evolved favorably although one of them presented hematuria 7 days after the traumatism and we performed an embolization of an arteriovenous fistula. Most of the articles are based on series of cases or retrosprospective studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnosis and staging of stab wounds of the kidney must be done with clinic and CT scan. Conservative management is required when the patient is not hemodinamically unstable and injuries do not require inmediate repair. These patients require a long-term follow up to prevent the appearance of complications. Randomized prospective multicenter trials are needed to support the optimum management for each kidney injury degree.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, España. juanpablocaballero@gmail.com
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Caballero Romeu
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Megías Garrigós
authors.forename: Asier
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leivar Tamayo
authors.forename: Juan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Galiano Baena
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez Tomás
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herrero Polo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000293:injuries*; D008297:Male; D014951:Wounds, Stab / Q000628:therapy*