title: Genomic analysis suggests that mRNA destabilization by the microprocessor is specialized for the auto-regulation of Dgcr8.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Microprocessor, containing the RNA binding protein Dgcr8 and RNase III enzyme Drosha, is responsible for processing primary microRNAs to precursor microRNAs. The Microprocessor regulates its own levels by cleaving hairpins in the 5'UTR and coding region of the Dgcr8 mRNA, thereby destabilizing the mature transcript.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To determine whether the Microprocessor has a broader role in directly regulating other coding mRNA levels, we integrated results from expression profiling and ultra high-throughput deep sequencing of small RNAs. Expression analysis of mRNAs in wild-type, Dgcr8 knockout, and Dicer knockout mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells uncovered mRNAs that were specifically upregulated in the Dgcr8 null background. A number of these transcripts had evolutionarily conserved predicted hairpin targets for the Microprocessor. However, analysis of deep sequencing data of 18 to 200nt small RNAs in mouse ES, HeLa, and HepG2 indicates that exonic sequence reads that map in a pattern consistent with Microprocessor activity are unique to Dgcr8.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the Microprocessor's role in directly destabilizing coding mRNAs is likely specifically targeted to Dgcr8 itself, suggesting a specialized cellular mechanism for gene auto-regulation.
authors.affiliation: The Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regeneration Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Center for Reproductive Sciences, and Department of Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shenoy
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blelloch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D043244:Ribonuclease III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C474043:DGCR8 protein, human; C474044:Dgcr8 protein, mouse; D035683:MicroRNAs; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C517918:DROSHA protein, human; C513400:Drosha protein, mouse; D043244:Ribonuclease III