title: Three randomized controlled trials of early long-chain polyunsaturated Fatty Acid supplementation on means-end problem solving in 9-month-olds.
abstract: This study examines whether feeding infants formula supplemented with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) improves cognitive function of 9-month-olds. Participants included 229 infants from 3 randomized controlled trials. Children received either formula supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid, or a control formula beginning at 1-5 days (12-month feeding study), or following 6 weeks (6-week-weaning study) or 4-6 months of breastfeeding (4-to 6-month weaning study). Infants were assessed with a 2-step problem solving task. In the 12-month feeding and 6-week weaning studies, supplemented children had more intentional solutions (successful task completions) and higher intention scores (goal-directed behaviors) than controls. These results suggest that LCPUFA supplementation improves means-end problem solving.
authors.affiliation: Retina Foundation of the Southwest, Dallas and Memorial University, Dallas, TX, USA. jrdrover@mun.ca
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drover
authors.forename: Dennis R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Yolanda S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Castañeda
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Morale
authors.forename: Eileen E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Birch
mesh_terms: D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000187:drug effects*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D016718:Arachidonic Acid