title: Expression of hormonal receptor in patients with metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the major salivary gland; a clinicopathological report of three cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma is an uncommon malignant tumor of the salivary gland demonstrating benign epithelial and modified myoepithelial elements intermingling with tissue of mucoid, myxoid, or chondroid appearance that inexplicably manifests local or distant metastasis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the expression of hormonal receptor in the patients with metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the major salivary gland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records, clinical and pathologic findings of three patients who were diagnosed as metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma were reviewed. The immunohistochemical stains for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and Ki-67 were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three cases of metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma, clinically presenting as painless, gradually enlarged cervical lymph nodes were reported. The pathologic examinations of the cervical lymph nodes are morphologically and immunohistologically identical to the sialoadenectomy specimen. Immunohistochemical stains show positive reactivity to progesterone receptor but negative reactivity to estrogen receptor in both mesenchymal and epithelial components of pleomorphic adenoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These are the first reported cases of metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma of the major salivary glands associated with expression of progesterone receptor in both specimens of sialoadenectomy and lymph node biopsy. This finding supports the pathogenesis of benign metastasis of tumor. However, the role of hormonal receptor in the pathogenesis and treatment of salivary metastasizing pleomorphic adenoma should be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculty ofMedicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. Noppadol_l@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Noppadol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Larbcharoensub
authors.forename: Patcharee Karnsombut
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Cert
authors.forename: Jumroon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tungkeeratichai
authors.forename: Supawadee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prakunhungsit
authors.forename: Ladawan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Narkwong
authors.forename: Juvady
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leopairut
mesh_terms: D008949:Adenoma, Pleomorphic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone