title: Adolescents' health-related dietary patterns by parental socio-economic position, the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nutrition is among the important determinants of diseases, and the social patterning of early eating habits may offer keys to prevention. We studied associations between selected indicators of adolescents' health-related dietary habits (daily intake of candy, soft drinks, fruit and vegetables) and parental socio-economic position (education, social class and income).
  
  
  METHODS
  The material consisted of participants in the adolescent part (Young-HUNT) of the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study during the period 1995-97, 8817 girls and boys aged 13-19 years (89% of all students in junior high schools and high schools in a Norwegian county). Data on parental socio-economic position was available from the adult part of HUNT and Statistics Norway. Cross-sectional data analyses were performed using cross-tables and binary logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the indicators of socio-economic position used, the parent's educational level, in particular the mother's education, showed the highest impact on adolescents' health-related dietary habits. Girls with the least educated mothers had a prevalence odds ratio of 2.5 (1.8-3.3) for drinking soft drinks daily and 0.6 (0.5-0.8) for eating vegetables daily as compared to girls with the most educated mothers. The corresponding numbers for boys were 1.9 (1.5-2.4) and 0.6 (0.5-0.8). Parental social class also showed gradients in adolescents' health-related dietary habits, but there was virtually no gradient by income.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher levels of parental education, in particular the mother's education, are clearly associated with healthier dietary habits among adolescents. This social patterning should be recognized in public health interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. sara.m.nilsen@ntnu.no
authors.forename: Sara Marie
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nilsen
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krokstad
authors.forename: Turid Lingaas
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Holmen
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Westin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult