title: Anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and antinociceptive activity of Terminalia arjuna Roxb bark powder in mice and rats.
abstract: Terminalia arjuna back powder (400 mg/kg, po) significantly reduced formalin-indued paw oedema at 24 h but not carrageenan-induced paw oedema. It significantly increased the anti-SRBC antibody titre in the secondary phase of immune response. The same dose significantly reduced the duration of licks and bites in both phases of formalin-induced pain response and showed significant increase in tail flick latency at higher dose (800 mg/kg, po). These effects of T. arjuna were antagonised by pretreatment with naloxone (1 mg/kg, ip). In another series of experiments, mice pretreated with morphine for three days in increasing doses (10, 15, 20 mg/kg, ip; twice daily) showed a decreased response in antinociceptive activity of morphine (5 mg/kg, ip). Further, cross tolerance was observed with T. arjuna (800 mg/kg, po) in morphine tolerant animals. These findings support the hypothesis that T. arjuna has anti-inflammatory potential against some phlogistic agents along with some immunomodulatory activity and also has antinococeptive action probably mediated via central opioid receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 095, India.
authors.forename: Sumita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halder
authors.forename: Nidhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bharal
authors.forename: Pramod K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mediratta
authors.forename: Inderjeet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Krishna K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark; D011208:Powders; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D029766:Terminalia
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011208:Powders; D009020:Morphine