title: Short-term effects of replacing milk with cola beverages on insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-glucose metabolism: a 10 d interventional study in young men.
abstract: In the Western world, a trend towards increased consumption of carbonated soft drinks combined with a decreasing intake of milk is observed. This may affect circulating insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) and fasting insulin, as seen in pre-pubertal children. The present study was designed to reflect the trend of replacing milk with carbonated beverages in young men and to study the effects of this replacement on IGF-I, IGF-binding protein 3 (IGFBP-3), IGF-I:IGFBP-3 and glucose-insulin metabolism. A randomised, controlled crossover intervention study, in which eleven men aged 22-29 years were given a low-Ca diet in two 10 d periods with 10 d washout in between. In one period, they drank 2.5 litres of Coca Cola(R) per day and the other period 2.5 litres of semi-skimmed milk. Serum IGF-I, IGFBP-3 (RIA), insulin (fluoro immunoassay) and glucose (Cobas) were determined at baseline and end point of each intervention period. Insulin resistance and beta-cell function were calculated with the homeostasis model assessment. A decrease in serum IGF-I was observed in the cola period compared with the milk period (P < 0.05). No effects of treatment were observed on IGFBP-3, IGF-I:IGFBP-3, insulin, glucose, insulin resistance or beta-cell function. The present study demonstrates that high intake of cola over a 10 d period decreases total IGF-I compared with a high intake of milk, with no effect on glucose-insulin metabolism in adult men. It is unknown whether this is a transient phenomenon or whether it has long-term consequences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, University of Copenhagen, Fredericksberg, Denmark. cahop@food.dtu.dk
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoppe
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boiesen
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kudsk
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fleischer Michaelsen
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mølgaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D030221:Cola; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C515497:IGFBP3 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I