title: Chinook wind barosinusitis: an anatomic evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chinook, or föhn, is a weather phenomenon characterized by a rapid influx of warm, high-pressured winds into a specific location. Pressure changes associated with chinook winds induce facial pain similar to acute sinusitis. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between sinonasal anatomy and chinook headaches.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective computed tomography (CT) sinonasal anatomy analysis of 38 patients with chinook headaches and 27 controls (no chinook headaches). The chinook headache status was blinded from the CT reviewer. Forty-one sinonasal anatomy variants, Lund-Mackay status, and sinus size (cm(3)) were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were three statistically significant sinonasal anatomy differences between patients with and without chinook headaches. The presence of a concha bullosa and sphenoethmoidal cell (Onodi cell) appeared to predispose to chinook headaches (p = 0.004). Chinook headache patients had larger maxillary sinus size (right, p = 0.015, and left, p = 0.002). The Lund-Mackay score was higher in the control patients (p = 0.003) indicating that chronic sinusitis does not play a role in chinook headaches.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chinook winds are a common source of facial pain and pressure. This is the first study to show that sinonasal anatomic variations may be a predisposing factor. Anatomic variants may induce facial pain by blocking the natural sinus ostia, thus preventing adequate pressure equilibrium.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rudmik
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muzychuk
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oddone Paolucci
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mechor
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000473:pathology*; D006261:Headache / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009929:Organ Size; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014420:Turbinates / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014919:Wind