title: An investigation of serum concentration of apoM as a potential MODY3 marker using a novel ELISA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the fitness of serum apolipoprotein M (apoM) concentration as a marker for maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3 (MODY3).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study consisted of two parts. A family study included 71 carriers of the P291fsinsC mutation in hepatocyte nuclear factor-1alpha (HNF-1alpha) from the Finnish Botnia study, 53 of whom were diabetic, and 75 matched family controls. A second, case-control study included 24 MODY3 patients, 17 healthy MODY3 mutation carriers, 11 MODY1 patients, 18 type 2 diabetes patients and 19 healthy control individuals. Subjects in the case-control study were recruited from the Botnia study or the Clinic of Endocrinology, Malmö University Hospital. Serum apoM levels were measured using a novel ELISA based on two monoclonal apoM antibodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the family study, mean serum apoM was 10% lower in female carriers of the P291fsinsC mutation compared to the family controls (P = 0.0058), a difference which remained significant after adjustment for diabetes status. There was no observed difference between groups for men. In the case-control study, no significant difference in apoM concentration was observed between MODY3 and type 2 diabetes patients, neither before nor after adjustment for total cholesterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female carriers of the P291fsinsC mutation in HNF-1alpha displayed slightly lower apoM serum levels. This difference is too small for apoM to be reliably employed as a biomarker for HNF-1alpha mutation status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Diabetes & Endocrinology, Clinical Research Centre, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cervin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Axler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holmkvist
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Almgren
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rantala
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuomi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dahlbäck
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karlsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D054834:Lipocalins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: C400523:APOM protein, human; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D000075243:Apolipoproteins M; D015415:Biomarkers; D051538:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1-alpha; D054834:Lipocalins