title: Reading performance correlates with white-matter properties in preterm and term children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We used diffusion tensor imaging to investigate the association between white-matter integrity and reading ability in a cohort of 28 children. Nineteen preterm children (14 males, five females; mean age 11 y 11 mo [SD 1 y 10 mo], mean gestational age 30.5 wks (SD 3.2), mean birthweight was 1455 g [SD 625]); and nine term children (five males, four females; mean age 12 y 8 mo [SD 2 y 5 mo], mean gestational age 39.6 wks (SD 1.2), and mean birthweight 3877 g [SD 473]).
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested whether fractional anisotropy in a left hemisphere temporoparietal region and in the corpus callosum correlates with birthweight and scores on the following three subtests of the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Achievement: word identification, word attack, and passage comprehension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preterm children had lower reading scores than a comparison group for all reading subtests (p<0.05). We found significant correlations between birthweight and fractional anisotropy in the whole corpus callosum (p=0.001), and between fractional anisotropy and reading skill in the genu (p=0.001) and body (p=0.001) of the corpus callosum. The correlation between reading skill and fractional anisotropy in a left temporoparietal region previously associated with reading disability was not significant (p=0.095).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that perinatal white-matter injury of the central corpus callosum may have long-term developmental implications for reading performance.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ben-Shachar
authors.forename: Jason D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Yeatman
authors.forename: Lynda L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Flom
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luna
authors.forename: Heidi M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016880:Anisotropy; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000473:pathology; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D011932:Reading; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology