title: The influence of handheld mobile phones on human parotid gland secretion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Handheld mobile phones (MPHs) have become a 'cultural' accessory device, no less so than a wrist watch. Nevertheless, the use of MPHs has given rise to great concern because of possible adverse health effects from exposure to the radiofrequency radiation (RFR) emitted by the device. Previous studies suggested correlation between MPH and salivary gland tumors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether MPH induces physiologic changes in the adjacent parotid gland, located on the dominant side, in terms of secretion rates and protein levels in the secreted saliva.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stimulated parotid saliva was collected simultaneously from both glands in 50 healthy volunteers whose MPH use was on a dominant side of the head.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly higher saliva secretion rate was noticed in the dominant MPH side compared with that in the non-dominant side. Lower total protein concentration was obtained in the dominant compared with the non-dominant MPH side among the right dominant MPH users.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parotid glands adjacent to handheld MPH in use respond by elevated salivary rates and decreased protein secretion reflecting the continuous insult to the glands. This phenomenon should be revealed to the worldwide population and further exploration by means of large-scale longitudinal studies is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Salivary Gland Clinic, Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goldwein
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Aframian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D040421:Cell Phone; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000528:radiation effects; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000528:radiation effects; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides