title: Tirofiban as adjunctive therapy for acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a thorough and updated systematic review of randomized clinical trials comparing tirofiban vs. placebo or vs. abciximab.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We searched for randomized trials comparing tirofiban vs. placebo or any active control. Odds ratios (OR) were computed from individual studies and pooled with random-effect methods. Thirty-one studies were identified involving 20,006 patients (12 874 comparing tirofiban vs. heparin plus placebo or bivalirudin alone, and 7132 vs. abciximab). When compared with placebo, tirofiban was associated at 30 days with a significant reduction in mortality [OR = 0.68 (0.54-0.86); P = 0.001] and death or myocardial infarction (MI) [OR = 0.69 (0.58-0.81); P < 0.001]. The treatment benefit persisted at follow-up but came at an increased risk of minor bleedings [OR = 1.42 (1.13, 1.79), P = 0.002] or thrombocytopenia. When compared with abciximab, mortality at 30 days did not differ [OR = 0.90 (0.53, 1.54); P = 0.70], but in the overall group tirofiban trended to increase the composite of death or MI [OR = 1.18 (0.96, 1.45); P = 0.11]. No such trend persisted at medium-term follow-up or when appraising studies testing tirofiban at 25 microg/kg bolus regimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tirofiban administration reduces mortality, the composite of death or MI and increases minor bleedings when compared with placebo. An early ischaemic hazard disfavouring tirofiban was noted when compared with abciximab in studies based on 10 but not 25 microg/kg tirofiban bolus regimen.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Azienda Opedaliera Universitaria di Ferrara, Corso Giovecca 203, Ferrara 44100, Italy. vlgmrc@unife.it
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valgimigli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biondi-Zoccai
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tebaldi
authors.forename: Arnoud W J
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: van't Hof
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.forename: Jurriën
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: ten Berg
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bolognese
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saia
authors.forename: Gian Battista
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Danzi
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Briguori
authors.forename: Ertan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okmen
authors.forename: Spencer B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Moliterno
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Topol
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006629:Hirudins; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012044:Regression Analysis; D000077466:Tirofiban; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D006629:Hirudins; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014443:Tyrosine; D000077466:Tirofiban; C074619:bivalirudin; D000077284:Abciximab