title: Automatic testing and assessment of neuroanatomy using a digital brain atlas: method and development of computer- and mobile-based applications.
abstract: Preparation of tests and student's assessment by the instructor are time consuming. We address these two tasks in neuroanatomy education by employing a digital media application with a three-dimensional (3D), interactive, fully segmented, and labeled brain atlas. The anatomical and vascular models in the atlas are linked to Terminologia Anatomica. Because the cerebral models are fully segmented and labeled, our approach enables automatic and random atlas-derived generation of questions to test location and naming of cerebral structures. This is done in four steps: test individualization by the instructor, test taking by the students at their convenience, automatic student assessment by the application, and communication of the individual assessment to the instructor. A computer-based application with an interactive 3D atlas and a preliminary mobile-based application were developed to realize this approach. The application works in two test modes: instructor and student. In the instructor mode, the instructor customizes the test by setting the scope of testing and student performance criteria, which takes a few seconds. In the student mode, the student is tested and automatically assessed. Self-testing is also feasible at any time and pace. Our approach is automatic both with respect to test generation and student assessment. It is also objective, rapid, and customizable. We believe that this approach is novel from computer-based, mobile-based, and atlas-assisted standpoints.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Imaging Lab, Singapore Bioimaging Consortium, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore 138671. wieslaw@sbic.a-star.edu.sg
authors.forename: Wieslaw L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Nowinski
authors.forename: Arumugam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thirunavuukarasuu
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ananthasubramaniam
authors.forename: Beng Choon
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: Guoyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Natalia G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Nowinska
authors.forename: Yevgen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Marchenko
authors.forename: Ihar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Volkau
mesh_terms: D001271:Atlases as Topic; D001331:Automation; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D040421:Cell Phone; D032882:Comprehension; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003479:Curriculum; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008838:Microcomputers; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D017145:Models, Educational; D009445:Neuroanatomy / Q000193:education*; D012655:Self-Evaluation Programs; D014584:User-Computer Interface