title: Reactivity to images in health and irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have been using a medical artist to record and paint the images patients have of their irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and have hypothesized that the reaction to such images might differ in health and IBS, which could have practical implications for future research.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine reactivity to images in health and IBS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve paintings of IBS were shown to 70 patients to determine the four most evocative images. The spontaneous response to these images and four 'non-IBS painful' and four neutral paintings was assessed in another 100 IBS patients and 100 controls. The prompted reaction in terms of whether an image evoked the notion of pain, bloating or discomfort and to what degree was also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four images depicting bloating and pain scored the highest. These IBS images triggered significantly different reactivity between patients and controls in terms of their spontaneous and prompted responses. Even 'non-IBS painful' and neutral images resulted in exaggerated and frequently significantly different responses in patients than in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Visual hypersensitivity appears to be another manifestation of the tendency of IBS patients to react adversely to a variety of endogenous and exogenous stimuli. Identifying how individuals relate to different images might also give useful insights into understanding gastrointestinal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Carruthers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tarrier
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Whorwell
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D008512:Medicine in the Arts; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000523:psychology*; D010151:Paintings / Q000523:psychology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult