title: Intercontinental impacts of ozone pollution on human mortality.
abstract: Ozone exposure is associated with negative health impacts, including premature mortality. Observations and modeling studies demonstrate that emissions from one continent influence ozone air quality over other continents. We estimate the premature mortalities avoided from surface ozone decreases obtained via combined 20% reductions of anthropogenic nitrogen oxide, nonmethane volatile organic compound, and carbon monoxide emissions in North America (NA), EastAsia (EA), South Asia (SA), and Europe (EU). We use estimates of ozone responses to these emission changes from several atmospheric chemical transportmodels combined with a health impactfunction. Foreign emission reductions contribute approximately 30%, 30%, 20%, and >50% of the mortalities avoided by reducing precursor emissions in all regions together in NA, EA, SA and EU, respectively. Reducing emissions in NA and EU avoids more mortalities outside the source region than within, owing in part to larger populations in foreign regions. Lowering the global methane abundance by 20% reduces mortality mostin SA,followed by EU, EA, and NA. For some source-receptor pairs, there is greater uncertainty in our estimated avoided mortalities associated with the modeled ozone responses to emission changes than with the health impact function parameters.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Susan Casper
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Anenberg
authors.forename: I Jason
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Arlene M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fiore
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Jaffe
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Prather
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cuvelier
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Dentener
authors.forename: Bryan N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gauss
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Jan Eiof
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Jonson
authors.forename: Alexandru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lupu
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: Elina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marmer
authors.forename: Rokjin J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Drew T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Shindell
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szopa
authors.forename: Marta Garcia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vivanco
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011156:Population Density; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D010126:Ozone