title: Possibilities and limitations of equilibrium sampling using polydimethylsiloxane in fish tissue.
abstract: Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) has been used for passive equilibrium sampling in numerous abiotic environmental matrices. Recently, this approach was extended to lipid-rich tissue. This work investigated the possibilities and limitations of using PDMS thin-film extraction for in tissue equilibrium sampling in fish species of varying lipid content. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were used as model lipophilic organic pollutants. PDMS thin-films were inserted in intact fish tissue for differing time periods (1h up to 1 week). The thin-films were then solvent-extracted and the extracts were analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Whether equilibrium had been established was investigated either by using PDMS thin-films of multiple thicknesses (140-620 microm) or by assessing kinetics by means of time series. Equilibration was found to be rapid (i.e. in the range of hours) in lipid-rich fish whereas equilibrium was not achieved within one week in tissues with low or medium lipid content (i.e. up to 2% lipids). Regarding lipid-rich fish, the newly developed method was found to be sufficiently sensitive to determine equilibrium partitioning concentrations of PCBs in lipids of samples from the Baltic Sea, and it is a promising approach for any kind of fatty tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 8, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. annika.jahnke@itm.su.se
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahnke
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Broman
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: McLachlan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005399:Fishes; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007700:Kinetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008055:Lipids; C013830:baysilon; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls