title: A review of HIV prevention interventions for juvenile offenders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a critical review of all HIV prevention intervention studies conducted with adolescents in juvenile justice settings to inform future intervention development.
  
  
  METHODS
  PubMed and PsycInfo database searches were conducted for peer-reviewed, published HIV prevention intervention studies with juvenile offenders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen studies were identified (N = 3,700 adolescents). Half of the projects utilized rigorous methodologies to determine intervention effect on behavior change, such as conducting a randomized controlled trial (n = 8). Nine studies reported behaviors at least 3 months post-intervention and five out of nine showed decreases in sexual risk behavior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several HIV prevention programs with juvenile offenders have led to sexual risk reduction, although effect sizes are modest. Most existing programs have neglected to address the impact of family, mental health, and substance use on HIV risk. More work is needed to develop evidence-based interventions that include HIV prevention strategies relevant and appropriate for the juvenile justice setting.
authors.affiliation: Bradley Hasbro Children's Research Center, One Hoppin Street, Coro West, Suite 204, Providence, RI 02903, USA. mtoloushams@lifespan.org
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tolou-Shams
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fasciano
authors.forename: Larry K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D011329:Prisoners / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents