title: Cytotoxicity and biological effects of functional nanomaterials delivered to various cell lines.
abstract: Functional nanomaterials that included gold, silver nanoparticles and single wall carbon nanotubes were delivered to two cell lines (MLO-Y4 osteocytic cells and HeLa cervical cancer cells) in various concentrations. The cells were found to uptake the nanomaterials in a relatively short time, a process that significantly affected the shape and the size of the cells. The percentage of cellular death, due to the delivery of these nanomaterials, was found to be the highest for carbon nanotubes and increased gradually with the concentration of these nanostructures. Moreover, when the nanomaterials were delivered to the cells combined with commonly used chemotherapeutic agents such as etoposide or dexamethasone, the number of the cells that died increased significantly (100-300%) as compared with the case when only the nanomaterials or the chemotherapeutic agents were delivered. The experimental results were confirmed by Caspase 3 studies, indicating a strong interaction between the nanomaterials used in this study and the protein structure of the cells, which allowed a more effective action of the apoptotic agents. These findings could be the foundation of a new class of cancer therapies that are composed of both chemotherapeutic agents and nanomaterials.
authors.affiliation: University of Arkansas at Little Rock, Applied Science Department, Nanotechnology Center, Graduate Institute of Technology, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA.
authors.forename: Meena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Casciano
authors.forename: Teodora
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mocan
authors.forename: Cornel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iancu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lucian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mocan
authors.forename: Dana Todea
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Iancu
authors.forename: Enkeleda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dervishi
authors.forename: Zhongrui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdalmuhsen
authors.forename: Alexandru R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Biris
authors.forename: Nawab
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Alexandru S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Biris
mesh_terms: D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006046:Gold / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012834:Silver; D006046:Gold; D053148:Caspase 3