Mitochondrial toxicity in HIV-infected patients both off and on antiretroviral treatment: a continuum or distinct underlying mechanisms?
Mitochondrial toxicity contributes to serious adverse effects observed in HIV-infected individuals treated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). However, similar mitochondrial abnormalities have recently been found even in treatment-naive patients, suggesting that chronic HIV per se could contribute to the toxicity observed in NRTI-exposed individuals. This review gives a current status of the field, with particular focus on recent observations suggesting that distinct mechanisms might cause such toxicity in both NRTI-exposed individuals and those naive to antiretroviral treatment.
Maagaard
Anne
A
Ullevål Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, Oslo, Norway. anne.maagaard@medisin.uio.no
Kvale
Dag
D
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects*; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors