Muscle atrophy in cachexia: can dietary protein tip the balance?
OBJECTIVE
To review the efficacy of dietary protein supplementation in attenuating muscle atrophy in cachexia.


RESULTS
Only very few recent randomized controlled trials have studied the effects of protein supplementation in clinical cachexia. It appears that supplementation of dietary protein (>1.5 g/kg per day) alone or in combination with other anabolic stimuli such as exercise training maintains or even improves muscle mass, but results on muscle function are controversial and no clinical studies have yet directly linked alterations in cellular signaling or metabolic signatures of protein intake-induced muscle anabolism to muscle weight gain.


CONCLUSIONS
To elucidate the role of dietary protein supplementation in attenuating muscle atrophy in cachectic patients, randomized clinical trials are needed in adequately phenotyped patients using sensitive measures of muscle mass and function.
Op den Kamp
Céline M
CM
Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology & Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre +, NL-6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Langen
Ramon C
RC
Haegens
Astrid
A
Schols
Annemie M
AM
D002100:Cachexia / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D011506:Proteins