title: Mechanisms of chromosomal rearrangements in solid tumors: the model of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: Thyroid cancer, and its most common type, papillary carcinoma, frequently have chromosomal rearrangements and therefore represent a good model for the understanding of mechanisms of chromosomal rearrangements in solid tumors. Several types of rearrangement known to occur in thyroid cancer, including RET/PTC, NTRK1 and BRAF/AKAP9, are more common in radiation-associated thyroid tumors and RET/PTC can be induced experimentally by exposing human thyroid cells to ionizing radiation. In this review, the molecular mechanisms of generation of RET/PTC and other chromosomal rearrangements are discussed, with the emphasis on the role of nuclear architecture and interphase gene proximity in the generation of intrachromosomal rearrangements in thyroid cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Viktoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Evdokimova
authors.forename: Yuri E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Nikiforov
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D015321:Gene Rearrangement / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology