Correlation between blood pressure responses to dietary sodium and potassium intervention in a Chinese population.
BACKGROUND
Blood pressure (BP) responses to dietary sodium and potassium intake vary among individuals. We examined the correlation between BP responses to dietary low-sodium, high-sodium, and potassium supplementation interventions in a feeding study.


METHODS
A total of 1,906 Chinese aged > or = 16 years participated in the dietary intervention that included a 7-day low-salt intervention (51.3 mmol/day), a 7-day high-salt intervention (307.8 mmol/day), and a 7-day high-salt plus potassium supplementation (60 mmol/day) intervention. BP was measured nine times during the 3-day baseline observation and during the last 3 days of each intervention phase using a random-zero sphygmomanometer.


RESULTS
The correlation coefficients (95% confidence intervals (CIs)) of the BP responses to low-sodium and high-sodium interventions were -0.47 (-0.51 to -0.44), -0.47 (-0.50 to -0.43), and -0.45 (-0.49 to -0.42) for systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and mean arterial pressure (MAP), respectively (all P < 0.0001). The correlation coefficients (95% CI) of the BP responses to high-sodium intervention and potassium supplementation were -0.52 (-0.56 to -0.49), -0.48 (-0.52 to 0.45), and -0.52 (-0.55 to -0.48) for SBP, DBP, and MAP, respectively (all P < 0.0001). The kappa coefficients were moderate, varying from 0.28 to 0.34, between BP responses to low-sodium and high-sodium interventions (all P < 0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate there is a moderate correlation between BP responses to low-sodium and to high-sodium interventions, and BP responses to high-sodium intervention and potassium supplementation. Furthermore, our study suggests that individuals who were more sensitive to high-sodium diet might benefit more from a low-sodium and/or high-potassium intervention aimed at lowering BP levels.
Zhao
Qi
Q
Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
Gu
Dongfeng
D
Chen
Jing
J
Bazzano
Lydia A
LA
Rao
Dabeeru C
DC
Hixson
James E
JE
Jaquish
Cashell E
CE
Cao
Jie
J
Chen
Jichun
J
Li
Jianxin
J
Rice
Treva
T
He
Jiang
J
D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D002681:China; D006801:Humans; D017419:Potassium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
D017419:Potassium, Dietary; D012982:Sodium, Dietary