title: Brucella abortus induces Irgm3 and Irga6 expression via type-I IFN by a MyD88-dependent pathway, without the requirement of TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9.
abstract: The innate immune system senses bacterial pathogens by pattern recognition receptors, such as the well-characterised Toll-like Receptors (TLR). The activation of TLR signalling cascades depends on several adaptor proteins, among which MyD88 plays a key role in triggering innate immune responses. Here, we show in murine macrophages that Brucella abortus triggers expression of the interferon-inducible resistance proteins (IRGs, p47 GTPases) via type-I IFN secretion at late time points, when Brucella has reached its replication niche. This induction requires the adaptor molecule MyD88 but does not involve the TLRs normally implicated in sensing Gram-negative bacteria, namely TLR2, TLR4, TLR5 and TLR9. Brucella mutants lacking the functional VirB type-IV secretion system were not capable of inducing Irgm3 and Irga6 expression, suggesting that the type-IV secretion system is part of the triggering of the activation process. Our data suggest that Brucella is recognized intracellularly by an unknown receptor, different from the conventional ones used for Gram-negative sensing, but one that nevertheless signals through MyD88.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Inststut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de la Méditerranée, France. nl255@cam.ac.uk <nl255@cam.ac.uk>
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lapaque
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alexopoulou
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gorvel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002003:Brucella abortus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C096000:Ifi1 protein, mouse; C507780:Myd88 protein, mouse; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; C495370:Tlr9 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; C491070:Iigp1 protein, mouse