title: [Construction of nano-granule titanium film and study of its surface topography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To construct four different micro- and nano-phase titanium film models and investigate the characteristics of their surface micro-topography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four different titanium films were prepared on commercial titanium discs, by direct current magnetron sputtering, at ambient, 100, 250, 380 degrees C substrate temperature, respectively. Their surface topography and crystal sizes were investigated using atomic force microscope (AFM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The size of granule and surface roughness in different group was calculated and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All samples were covered by a thin film consisting of dense round or ovaloid granules. The granules and crystals was growing as the substrate temperature increasing. The Ti substrate had greater effect on the surface topography of film compared with Si substrate. This kind of complex topography caused the surface roughness of Ti substrate group decreased as the granules growing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, four different micro- and nano-phase titanium film models were constructed for our coming investigation of their topographical influence on biological reaction of proteins and cells. Basic data on surface features was obtained for next in vitro and in vivo experiment.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Yuan-yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhen-yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ying-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jing-wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Miao
mesh_terms: D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium