title: Modifications of DCDHF single molecule fluorophores to impart water solubility.
abstract: A series of dicyanomethylenedihydrofuran (DCDHF) fluorophores with different hydrophilic groups were synthesized and their photophysical properties and water solubilities were measured. Significant water solubility was achieved without compromising desirable photophysical properties, permitting applications of these fluorophores in biological systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44240, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhikuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Samuel J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Moerner
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Twieg