title: Association between dyslipidemia and vascular events in patients treated with statins: report from the UK General Practice Research Database.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the association between low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and/or elevated triglycerides (TG) and cardiovascular (CV) and/or cerebrovascular (CB) events among patients with elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) despite statin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, laboratory data, and CV/CB events, were collected from the UK General Practice Research Database. Abnormal lipid levels were defined using US and European clinical guidelines. The association between the frequency of CV/CB events among patients with HDL-C/TG abnormalities versus patients with isolated low LDL-C was estimated using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 19,843 statin-treated patients, 6823 had elevated LDL-C despite therapy for a mean follow-up of 1.99+/-1.06 years. Among these patients, 3115 (45.7%) also had HDL-C/TG abnormalities. A total of 715 patients (10.5%) experienced CV/CB events. In statin-treated patients not at LDL-C goal, the relative risk of a vascular event was 24% higher in patients with HDL-C/TG abnormalities (HR=1.24, 95% CI: 1.06-1.46, p=0.006) than in patients without HDL-C/TG abnormalities. Additional variables that were associated with a significantly increased risk of CV/CB events included age (p<0.0001), gender (p=0.027), and medication possession ratio (p<0.0001), while diabetes mellitus (p<0.0001), hypertension (p<0.0001), 10-year Framingham risk score>30% (p=0.005), statin dose (p<0.0001), and LDL-C level at baseline (p<0.0001) were associated with a significantly decreased risk of CV/CB events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among statin-treated patients with elevated LDL-C from UK clinical practices, reduced HDL-C and/or elevated TGs were associated with a significantly increased relative risk of CV/CB events.
authors.affiliation: Global Outcomes Research and Reimbursement, Merck & Co. Inc., One Merck Drive, Whitehouse Station, NJ 08889, USA. vasilisa_sazonov@merck.com
authors.forename: Vasilisa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sazonov
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beetsch
authors.forename: Hemant
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Phatak
authors.forename: Chuck
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wentworth
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D014280:Triglycerides