title: Occupational disability on psychiatric grounds in South African school-teachers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  School-teachers are exposed to high levels of stress and have high rates of premature retirement on psychiatric grounds. This study investigated factors associated with occupational disability due to psychiatric disorders in teachers in South Africa.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective study investigated 81 school-teachers in the Cape Town area who had been declared permanently medically disabled as a consequence of psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were relatively young (44+/-6.1 yrs), had experienced symptoms for 5.2+/-3.8 yrs, and had been treated for 4+/-3.5 yrs. Almost half had a family history of psychiatric disorder, and the majority (N = 66. 81%) cited work-related stress as a significant contributing factor. Major depressive disorder was the commonest diagnosis (83%), and 56% had co-morbid Axis-I diagnoses. Thirty percent had prominent underlying obsessive-compulsive personality traits, and 46% displayed classroom phobia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Work-related stress is a major factor in South African teachers with occupational disability on psychiatric grounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa. tae@sun.ac.za
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Emsley
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Emsley
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seedat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005178:Faculty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012943:Social Security; D013019:South Africa; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications