title: Efficacy of homeopathic remedies as prophylaxis of bovine endometritis.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 2 different homeopathic prophylactic strategies for the prevention of endometritis. The drugs used were Lachesis compositum (Lachesis), Carduus compositum (Carduus), and Traumeel LT (Traumeel). Each drug contained a mixed formula of homeopathic remedies. All 929 cows received the first treatment within 24 h postpartum. The second to fourth treatments were conducted at 7 to 13, 14 to 20, and 21 to 27 d in milk, respectively. In the first group, the 4 treatments were Traumeel, Lachesis, Carduus, and Carduus, respectively (n = 206). In the second group, Lachesis was administered 3 times, followed by 1 treatment with Carduus (n = 198). The control group received 4 injections of saline (n = 189). In the fourth week after calving, the prevalence of clinical endometritis, uterine involution, and ovarian activity was monitored by rectal palpation and by ultrasonography. To assess the resumption of ovarian activity, blood samples were taken to determine the concentration of serum progesterone. The concentrations of beta-hydroxybutyrate and nonesterified fatty acids in blood serum were examined to evaluate energy metabolism. The incidence of clinical endometritis at 21 to 27 d in milk did not differ between the groups (44.4, 44.8, and 36.9% in the Traumeel, Lachesis, Carduus, and Carduus group; the 3x Lachesis, followed by Carduus group; and the control group, respectively). The proportion of cows with cyclic activity at 21 to 27 d in milk and the proportion of cows above threshold values of progesterone, beta-hydroxybutyrate, and nonesterified fatty acids did not differ significantly between groups. When reproductive performance data were analyzed, no significant differences were found between groups. Hence, the treatment protocols tested were not effective in preventing bovine endometritis or in enhancing reproductive performance in this study.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinarian Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 65, 14163 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arlt
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Padberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drillich
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heuwieser
mesh_terms: D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004716:Endometritis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006705:Homeopathy; D007774:Lactation; D008419:Materia Medica / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012098:Reproduction
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D008419:Materia Medica; D008903:Minerals; D010936:Plant Extracts; C433370:Traumeel S; D011374:Progesterone; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid