title: A flexible system for hands-free intracranial microinjection.
abstract: Neuroscience research projects often use intracranial (IC) microinfusions to target drug delivery to specific brain areas during behavioral testing. These experiments require accurate and precisely-timed delivery of small volumes. We present here a stepper motor-powered micropump assembly for such delivery. This system is hands-free, does not use a potentially leaky fluid swivel or use long delivery tubes that are subject to peristaltic forces during animal movements, and has been applied in combination with other paradigms. This micropump system reliably delivers a wide range of fluid volumes (e.g. 50 nL to 1 microL in tissue or greater for intraventricular injections) bilaterally from two independent, commercially available microsyringes through standard surgically implanted guide cannulae. It is easy to build and disassemble for cleaning or changing microsyringes. This system can also be used for a variety of purposes, e.g. intracranial self-administration, place conditioning, and many more, with the advantage that it provides a way to gather important data in the seconds and minutes following IC microinfusion without disruption of the animal's behavior by handling.
authors.affiliation: Undergraduate Program, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: David G C
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hesse
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stellar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008845:Microinjections / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D009480:Neuropharmacology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D009484:Neuropsychology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012646:Self Administration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013594:Syringes / Q000639:trends