title: Prolonged duration of fertility of dog ova.
abstract: The fertile period for natural mating in dogs extends from before ovulation until day 5 post ovulation (PO) and involves a delay in oocyte maturation until 2-3 days PO and viability of secondary oocytes for 48-60 h or more. Spermatozoa do not enter the uterus after vaginal insemination in late oestrus. Cervical closure appears to occur on average 5 days PO, but conception may occur following intrauterine artificial insemination (IUAI) up to 8 days PO. Therefore, the present study was conducted to clarify the duration of fertility of canine ova. Using IUAI at 6, 7, 8 and 9 days PO (n = 5 bitches each) conception rates were 100%, 71.4%, 37.5% and 0%, respectively, with an average litter resorption rate of 30.8%, and with mean litter sizes and times to delivery PO being 4.3 +/- 1.6 and 64.3 +/- 0.3 days, 4.0 +/- 1.4 and 66.3 +/- 0.4 days, and 2.5 and 68 days for IUAI at 6, 7 and 8 days, respectively. The high pregnancy rates with IUAI at 6 and 7 days PO confirm that many canine oocytes are fertile at 4-5 days after maturation. The high rate of resorption was presumably because of aging of ova or asynchrony between embryonic development and the intrauterine environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproduction, Nippon Veterinary and Life Science University, Musahino, Tokyo, Japan. tsutsui@nvlu.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Concannon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D010063:Ovum / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D013997:Time Factors