title: The impact of an electronic monitoring and reminder device on patient compliance with antihypertensive therapy: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High blood pressure (BP) significantly increases overall cardiovascular risk, the incidence of ischemic heart disease and stroke. One of the most important causes of insufficient BP control is low treatment compliance. Reminders and electronic compliance monitoring have been shown to be effective in improving patient compliance to some extent, but the combined effect has not been documented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of an electronic reminder and monitoring device on patient compliance and BP control.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients received medical treatment with telmisartan once daily and were randomized to either electronic compliance monitoring with a reminder and monitoring device or standard therapy for 6 months. Both groups were crossed over after 6 months. Intervention effectiveness was assessed using self-reported compliance and BP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 398 patients were analysed. In the first half of the study, patients using the device reported 91% compliance versus 85% in the control group. This difference diminished after crossover (88 versus 86%). BP was not affected. Electronic monitoring data on compliance revealed taking, dosing and timing compliance between 45 and 52% in study group 1, and between 32 and 38% in study group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Helping Hand reminder device was most suitable if used for newly diagnosed hypertensive patients, when it improved compliance by 6%. With the present medical treatment, the device does not have any influence on BP control, but with less forgiving medications, the device might make a significant difference. The use of the device can be an easy and effective way to improve compliance in selected patients.
authors.affiliation: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Section for Social Pharmacy, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Lona Louring
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Christrup
authors.forename: Paul Erik
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fabricius
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chrostowska
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wronka
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narkiewicz
authors.forename: Ebba Holme
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001565:Benzoates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017010:Reminder Systems / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000077333:Telmisartan; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001565:Benzoates; D000077333:Telmisartan