title: Osteoporosis and related risk factors in renal transplant recipients.
abstract: Decreased bone mineral density is a common problem after kidney transplantation. Osteoporosis has a major role in morbidity in these patients. We evaluated the incidence of osteoporosis and determined risk factors in 77 patients aged 17 to 50 years who had undergone renal transplantation 6 months to 2 years previously. Bone mineral densitometry was performed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. The incidence of osteoporosis was 26% (20 of 77 patients). Mean (SD) age of affected patients was 34.6 (8.7) years. The most common sites of osteoporosis were the hip (osteoporotic in 19 patients [24.7%] and osteopenic in 42 [54.5%]) and the spine (osteoporotic in 6 patients [7.8%] and osteopenic in 52 [67.5%]). There was a significant relationship between posttransplantation creatinine concentration and hip osteoporosis (P = .01). No relationship was observed between osteoporosis and age, sex, body mass index, duration of hemodialysis therapy, cumulative dosage of any drugs, or use of pulsed methylprednisolone therapy. A hip or spine z score of 1 or less had no relationship to the number of steroid pulse sessions but was significantly related to the total dosage of cyclosporine (P < .001), prednisolone (P < .001), and mycophenolate mofetil (P < .05). A hip z score of less than 1 was related to the posttransplantation period (P = .02). In conclusion, osteoporosis is a frequent complication that requires detection and treatment to reduce morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran. pedram.ahmadpoor@gmail.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ahmadpoor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reisi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makhdoomi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghafari
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sepehrvand
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rahimi
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000453:epidemiology; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D011239:Prednisolone; D003404:Creatinine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid