title: A noncontiguous 2-level spinal injury in a young female driver due to a 3-point seat belt restraint.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this case is to describe noncontiguous fracture and dislocations of the thoracolumbosacral spine in a 23-year-old female driver with a 3-point seat belt restraint.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 23-year-old woman presented to us after a motor vehicle accident while driving with a 3-point seat belt restraint. She was neurologically intact except for loss of motor function in the distribution of the L5 nerve root in the right lower limb. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed fracture and dislocation of T3 with considerable retrolisthesis and complete anterolisthesis of L5 over the sacrum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both fractures were reduced and fixed with bone graft and instrumentation. She was discharged a month later without any further neurologic deterioration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this case is the first report in the literature of a seat belt safety restraint causing 2 noncontiguous fracture dislocations of the spine. Although the consensus is that seat belts can prevent most spine injuries, this case shows that the seat belt can be a contributor to spine injury. It shows that the shoulder-lap restraint can act as 2 fulcrums at the upper and lower bands causing 2 separate fracture dislocations. A thorough radiologic evaluation of the spine with respect to the clinical findings is mandatory in seat belt-restrained road traffic accidents cases.
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nourbakhsh
authors.forename: Shashikant
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Prasad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vannemreddy
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D001334:Automobile Driving; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D005596:Fractures, Closed / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012622:Seat Belts / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult