title: Cancer vaccine with mimotopes of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens.
abstract: The GD2 ganglioside, displayed by five carbohydrate Neu5Acalpha2-8Neu5Acalpha2-3(GalNAcbeta1-4)Galbeta1-4Glcbeta residues attached to a ceramide chain that anchors the ganglioside in the cell membrane, is expressed on neuroectodermally derived tumors. GD2 has been used as a target for passive and active immunotherapy in patients with malignant melanoma and neuroblastoma. We have generated 47-LDA mimotope of GD2 by screening a phage display peptide library with anti-GD2 mAb 14G2a and reported that vaccination with the 47-LDA mimotope elicited GD2 cross-reactive IgG antibody responses as well as MHC class I-restricted CD8(+) T cells to syngeneic neuroblastoma tumor cells. The cytotoxic activity of the vaccine-induced CTLs was independent of GD2 expression, suggesting recognition of a novel tumor-associated antigen cross-reacting with 47-LDA. Immunoblotting studies using 14G2a mAb demonstrated that this antibody cross-reacts with a 105 kDa glycoprotein expressed by GD2(+) and GD2(-) neuroblastoma and melanoma cells. Functional studies of tumor cells grown in three-dimensional (3D) collagen cultures with 14G2a mAb showed decreases in matrix metalloproteinase-2 activation, a process regulated by 105 kDa activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecules (ALCAM/CD166). The CD166 glycoprotein was shown to be recognized by 14G2a antibody, and inhibition of CD166 expression by RNA interference ablated the cell sensitivity to lysis by 47-LDA-induced CD8(+) T cells in vitro and in vivo. These results suggest that the vaccine-induced CTLs recognize a 47-LDA cross-reactive epitope expressed by CD166 and reveal a novel mechanism of induction of potent tumor-specific cellular responses by mimotopes of tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. danuta.kozbor@roswellpark.org
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kozbor
mesh_terms: D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018716:Molecular Mimicry / Q000276:immunology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule; D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D010455:Peptides