title: Differential effects of herbicides atrazine and fenoxaprop-ethyl, and insecticides diazinon and malathion, on viability and maturation of porcine oocytes in vitro.
abstract: Exposure to pesticides may be a major cause of reproductive dysfunction in humans and animals. Atrazine and fenoxaprop-ethyl, widely used herbicides, and malathion and diazinon, organophosphate insecticides, are considered only slightly toxic to vertebrates; however, there is evidence of greater effects on reproductive function. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these pesticides on oocyte viability and in vitro maturation. Gametes were matured in increasing concentrations of the pesticides and then stained with MTT to evaluate viability and bisbenzimide to assess the maturation stage, in the same oocyte. Atrazine had no effect on viability but maturation was significantly reduced, while fenoxaprop-ethyl affected both parameters. The insecticides affected viability and maturation but to a different degree. The four pesticides showed a more pronounced effect on maturation than on viability, due to a blockage at germinal vesicle stage.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Unidad Iztapalapa, DF, México.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: Edmundo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bonilla
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ducolomb
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Betancourt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001280:Atrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003976:Diazinon / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008294:Malathion / Q000633:toxicity*; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011422:Propionates / Q000633:toxicity*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D007306:Insecticides; D010080:Oxazoles; D011422:Propionates; C416661:fenoxaprop ethyl; D001280:Atrazine; D008294:Malathion; D003976:Diazinon