title: Resveratrol attenuates mitochondrial oxidative stress in coronary arterial endothelial cells.
abstract: The production of hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) is a key event in the development of diabetic complications. Because resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenol, has been reported to confer vasoprotection, improving endothelial function and preventing complications of diabetes, we investigated the effect of resveratrol on mtROS production in cultured human coronary arterial endothelial cells (CAECs). The measurement of MitoSox fluorescence showed that resveratrol attenuates both steady-state and high glucose (30 mM)-induced mtROS production in CAECs, an effect that was prevented by the knockdown of the protein deacetylase silent information regulator 2/sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an intracellular target of resveratrol. An overexpression of SIRT1 mimicked the effects of resveratrol, attenuating mtROS production. Similar results were obtained in CAECs transfected with mitochondria-targeted H(2)O(2)-sensitive HyPer-Mito fluorescent sensor. Amplex red assay showed that resveratrol and SIRT1 overexpression significantly reduced cellular H(2)O(2) levels as well. Resveratrol upregulated MnSOD expression and increased cellular GSH content in a concentration-dependent manner (measured by HPLC coulometric analysis). These effects were attenuated by SIRT1 knockdown and mimicked by SIRT1 overexpression. We propose that resveratrol, via a pathway that involves the activation of SIRT1 and the upregulation of antioxidant defense mechanisms, attenuates mtROS production, suggesting the potential for new treatment approaches targeting endothelial mitochondria in metabolic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA. zoltan-ungvari@ouhsc.edu
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ungvari
authors.forename: Nazar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Labinskyy
authors.forename: Partha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bagi
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ballabh
authors.forename: Cuihua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pacher
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Csiszar
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D034622:RNA Interference; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013267:Stilbenes; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins; D005978:Glutathione; D005947:Glucose; D000077185:Resveratrol