title: Differentiation of alloreactive versus CD3/CD28 stimulated T-lymphocytes using Raman spectroscopy: a greater specificity for noninvasive acute renal allograft rejection detection.
abstract: Acute rejection (AR) remains problematic in renal transplantation. As a marker, serum creatinine is limited, warranting a more effective screening tool. Raman spectroscopy (RS) can detect T-cell activation with high sensitivity. In this study we explore its specificity. Seventy-five inactivated, 40 alloantigen-activated, and 75 CD3/CD28-activated T cells were analyzed using RS. CD3/CD28-activated peak magnitudes (PM) were 4.3% to 23.9% lower than inactivated PM at positions: 903, 1031, 1069, 1093, 1155, 1326, and 1449 cm(-1), with a difference in peak ratio (PR) observed at the 1182:1195 cm(-1) position (0.91 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.2 +/- 0.01, respectively: P = 0.006). Differences in CD3/CD28- and alloantigen-activated PM were observed at: 903, 1031, 1093, 1155, 1326, and 1449 cm(-1), with no PR differences at the 1182:1195 cm(-1) position (0.91 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.86 +/- 0.09: P = 0.8). Spectral signature separation of CD3/CD28-and alloantigen-activated groups was 100% specific and sensitive. We conclude that RS can differentiate T cells activated by different stimuli with high sensitivity and specificity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Transplant Surgery, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. kbrown6@dmc.org
authors.forename: Kristian L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Olena Y
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Palyvoda
authors.forename: Jagdish S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Thakur
authors.forename: Sandra L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Nehlsen-Cannarella
authors.forename: Omar R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Fagoaga
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Gregory W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Auner
mesh_terms: D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002469:Cell Separation; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018106:CD28 Antigens; D017252:CD3 Complex