The transmissibility and control of pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus.
Pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 (pandemic H1N1) is spreading throughout the planet. It has become the dominant strain in the Southern Hemisphere, where the influenza season has now ended. Here, on the basis of reported case clusters in the United States, we estimated the household secondary attack rate for pandemic H1N1 to be 27.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) from 12.2% to 50.5%]. From a school outbreak, we estimated that a typical schoolchild infects 2.4 (95% CI from 1.8 to 3.2) other children within the school. We estimated the basic reproductive number, R0, to range from 1.3 to 1.7 and the generation interval to range from 2.6 to 3.2 days. We used a simulation model to evaluate the effectiveness of vaccination strategies in the United States for fall 2009. If a vaccine were available soon enough, vaccination of children, followed by adults, reaching 70% overall coverage, in addition to high-risk and essential workforce groups, could mitigate a severe epidemic.
Yang
Yang
Y
Center for Statistics and Quantitative Infectious Diseases, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and the University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
Sugimoto
Jonathan D
JD
Halloran
M Elizabeth
ME
Basta
Nicole E
NE
Chao
Dennis L
DL
Matrajt
Laura
L
Potter
Gail
G
Kenah
Eben
E
Longini
Ira M
IM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012574:Schools; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
D007252:Influenza Vaccines