title: Information in small neuronal ensemble activity in the hippocampal CA1 during delayed non-matching to sample performance in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The matrix-like organization of the hippocampus, with its several inputs and outputs, has given rise to several theories related to hippocampal information processing. Single-cell electrophysiological studies and studies of lesions or genetically altered animals using recognition memory tasks such as delayed non-matching-to-sample (DNMS) tasks support the theories. However, a complete understanding of hippocampal function necessitates knowledge of the encoding of information by multiple neurons in a single trial. The role of neuronal ensembles in the hippocampal CA1 for a DNMS task was assessed quantitatively in this study using multi-neuronal recordings and an artificial neural network classifier as a decoder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The activity of small neuronal ensembles (6-18 cells) over brief time intervals (2-50 ms) contains accurate information specifically related to the matching/non-matching of continuously presented stimuli (stimulus comparison). The accuracy of the combination of neurons pooled over all the ensembles was markedly lower than those of the ensembles over all examined time intervals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that the spatiotemporal patterns of spiking activity among cells in the small neuronal ensemble contain much information that is specifically useful for the stimulus comparison. Small neuronal networks in the hippocampal CA1 might therefore act as a comparator during recognition memory tasks.
authors.affiliation: Khoyama Center for Neuroscience, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyoto Sangyo University, Kyoto 603-8555, Japan. tsusumu@cse.kyoto-su.ac.jp
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakurai
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted