title: Outcomes after anatomic repair for d-transposition of the great arteries with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  D-transposition of the great arteries (TGA) with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) may be treated with arterial switch operation (ASO) with or without LVOT intervention, as well as non-ASO anatomic repairs, such as aortic translocation or Rastelli procedure. We evaluated midterm results of repair for TGA/LVOTO at our institution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-eight patients with TGA/LVOTO who underwent anatomic repair were retrospectively reviewed. LVOTO was defined as pulmonary valve (PV) z-score < or =-2.0 or LVOT gradient > or =20 mm Hg in the presence of anatomic subvalvar stenosis. Risk factors for LVOT reintervention were determined by logistic regression. There was no hospital mortality and 1 late mortality. Patients undergoing Rastelli procedure were more likely to require surgical reintervention for LVOTO compared to the other groups (P=0.015). Patients undergoing ASO alone had a higher rate of late LVOT reintervention compared to those who had concomitant ASO/LVOT intervention (P=NS). In those undergoing Rastelli, a larger PV z-score was a predictor of LVOT reintervention (P=0.012). PV z-scores significantly decreased before repair in patients undergoing delayed repair (P=0.005); however, they increased significantly after neonatal ASO (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with TGA/LVOTO who undergo Rastelli repair have a high rate of LVOT reintervention. Higher preoperative PV z-score is a risk factor for reintervention in this group. Patients with mild/moderate LVOTO undergoing ASO alone without LVOT intervention may have an increased risk of LVOT reintervention. In neonates who are candidates for ASO, delay of repair is associated with diminution in size of PV, which may subsequently reduce their suitability for ASO.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Boston, Mass., USA.
authors.forename: Sitaram M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Emani
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beroukhim
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zurakowski
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Pigula
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Pedro J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: del Nido
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Geva
authors.forename: Emile A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bacha
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*