title: Micromanipulation reveals an XO-XX sex determining system in the orb-weaving spider Neoscona arabesca (Walckenaer).
abstract: Karyotypes can be difficult to create due to odd chromosome behaviors and high levels of adhesion between sex chromosomes. We have used live-cell imaging and micromanipulation to determine precisely the karyotype of the orb-weaving spider Neoscona arabesca (Walckenaer). We have found that N. arabesca has a sex determination mechanism of XO (male)-XX (female) with 2n = 20 autosomes. Staining of female tissues revealed a chromosome number of 22 in mitotic cells.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, PA 17847, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Doan
authors.forename: Leocadia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Paliulis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D005260:Female; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D008846:Micromanipulation; D008938:Mitosis; D019849:Sex Determination Processes; D013112:Spiders / Q000235:genetics*; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000648:ultrastructure