title: Risk factors for complications of endoscopic submucosal dissection in gastric tumors: analysis of 478 lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) technique has facilitated en bloc removal of widely spread lesions from the stomach. This retrospective study aimed to determine factors associated with serious complications of ESD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between December 2001 and March 2007, we have performed ESD for 478 lesions in 436 patients. We experienced 39 patients with post-operative bleeding and 17 patients with perforation. Risk factors of patients who received ESD in gastric mucosal tumors for complications were evaluated, focusing on resected size, location, scar lesions, operation time, and experience of endoscopists. We evaluated the patients' background characteristics including sex, age, body mass index (kg/m(2)), drug history of anticoagulant, and underlying diseases including cerebrovascular disorder, ischemic heart disease, liver dysfunction, renal dysfunction, hyperuricemia, hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate analysis indicated a risk factor for perforation was long operation time. Multivariate analysis indicated a significant risk factor for post-operative bleeding was size of the resected tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated risk factors for serious complications of ESD. Large resected tumor size was a risk factor for post-operative bleeding, while long operation time was a risk factor for perforation. Information regarding operation risk factors should be useful for planning strategies for ESD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mannen
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsunada
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujise
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iwakiri
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004210:Dissection / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors