title: The accurate prediction of rare hemoglobin variants using a combination of high performance liquid chromatography, retention time and isoelectric focusing electrophoresis position.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the predictive accuracy of using a combination of the high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) retention time and the relative isoelectric focusing (IEF) position to diagnose rare hemoglobin variants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A selected group of 40 patients with a rare beta-chain variant were assigned a presumed diagnosis following HPLC and IEF screening and then the variant identified in each case by DNA analysis. The study was conducted at the National Hemoglobinopathy Reference Laboratory, Oxford, United Kingdom, from August 2008 to October 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen out of 14 different variants were predicted accurately in 39 (97.5%) cases, compared to only one each for HPLC and IEF when used individually. A novel amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction test was developed for Hb J-Baltimore and used successfully, to provide a simple, rapid, and inexpensive diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of both HPLC retention time and isoelectric focusing position provides an accurate presumed diagnosis of a rare hemoglobin variant in the majority of cases. Amplification refractory mutation system-polymerase chain reaction test can provide a simple, rapid and inexpensive molecular diagnostic method for rare beta-chain variants.
authors.affiliation: National Hemoglobinopathy Laboratory, Molecular Hematology, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mohamed S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: Adele T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Molyneux
authors.forename: Samy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marouf
authors.forename: Ghazy A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Eldamanhory
authors.forename: Anna H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Schuh
authors.forename: Shirley J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Old
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017931:DNA Primers; D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing / Q000379:methods*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D006455:Hemoglobins, Abnormal