title: Transcriptional effects of colony-stimulating factor-1 in mouse macrophages.
abstract: Colony-stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1) is a major regulator of macrophage development. CSF-1-dependent signalling has been implicated in proliferation, survival, and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes, however, relatively little is known about the effects of CSF-1 on macrophage gene transcription and on CSF-1-responsive gene promoters. We used a combination of transcription profiling and in silico motif search to characterize genes that are regulated in mature bone marrow-derived macrophages cultured in the presence or absence of CSF-1. The expression of many known differentiation-associated macrophage markers was not significantly affected in the absence of CSF-1. Genes repressed by CSF-1 comprised a considerable number of granulocyte-specific genes. The respective gene promoters; however, were not significantly enriched for specific DNA patterns, suggesting that these genes are regulated by promoter-distal elements or at a post-transcriptional level. Genes downregulated upon CSF-1 deprivation showed a highly significant association with cell division which is in line with the known role of CSF-1 as a proliferation stimulus for mouse macrophages. Interestingly, three DNA patterns were significantly co-enriched in CSF-1-dependent gene promoters, including motifs related to NFY, CHR, and E2F sites. These motifs showed a strong positional preference on target promoters at -60, -30 and 0 bp upstream of the transcription start site, and define the common promoter structure of CSF-1-responsive genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital, University of Regensburg, 93042 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: El Chartouni
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benner
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eigner
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lichtinger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rehli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020218:Response Elements / Q000276:immunology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor