title: Novel peptide mimetic small molecules of the HAV motif in N-cadherin inhibit N-cadherin-mediated neurite outgrowth and cell adhesion.
abstract: The cell adhesion molecule, N-cadherin, stabilizes cell-cell junctions and promotes cellular migration during tissue morphogenesis in development. N-cadherin is also implicated in mediating tumor progression and metastasis in cancer. Therefore, developing antagonists of N-cadherin adhesion may be of therapeutic value in cancer treatment. The amino acid sequence HAV in the extracellular domain of N-cadherin is required for N-cadherin-mediated adhesion and migration. A cyclic peptide, ADH-1, derived from the N-cadherin HAV site is an effective antagonist of N-cadherin-mediated processes and is now in clinical trials for cancer chemotherapy. Because it is a peptide, ADH-1 has certain limitations as a drug, namely its metabolic instability and lack of oral delivery. Adherex set out to identify small molecule antagonists of N-cadherin, which would be more amenable to therapeutic use. Using three-dimensional computational screening, Adherex identified a set of small molecules as potential antagonists with sufficient structural similarity to the HAV region of N-cadherin. We tested the ability of these small molecules to interfere with two N-cadherin-dependent processes: neurite outgrowth (axonal migration) and N-cadherin-dependent cell adhesion. We identified 21 N-cadherin antagonists of varying potency. More importantly, our studies demonstrate that these compounds are significantly more potent than ADH-1 at perturbing N-cadherin-mediated processes. The IC(50) of ADH-1 is 2.33 mM while the IC(50) of the small molecules ranges from 4.5 to 30 microM. Given the efficacy of ADH-1 for treating cancer, these small molecule antagonists will be highly effective in treatment of cancer metastasis and conditions of aberrant neurite outgrowth, such as neuropathic pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Burden-Gulley
authors.forename: Theresa J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Gates
authors.forename: Sonya E L
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Sara F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Samantha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Oblander
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: Mukur
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Susann M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brady-Kalnay
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002645:Chickens; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D010455:Peptides