title: Periapical surgery using ultrasonic preparation and thermoplasticized gutta-percha with AH Plus sealer or IRM as retrograde root-end fillings in 160 consecutive teeth: a prospective randomized clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the healing outcome after periapical surgery with an ultrasonic cleaning technique in conjunction with the use of either of 2 different retrograde root-filling materials in teeth with apical periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixty teeth in 139 consecutive patients were randomly allocated into 2 groups receiving either IRM or thermoplasticized gutta-percha (GP) with AH Plus sealer as a retrograde root-end seal. The patients were reviewed 12 months after surgery. The results were analyzed with Fisher exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred forty-seven teeth in 131 patients were reviewed. Radiologic evaluation and clinical examination showed an 85% success rate for the IRM group and 90% for GP group. There was no statistical significance between the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both tested materials, IRM and GP, are suitable as retrograde root-end filling materials in conjunction with ultrasonic root-end preparation according to the results of the healing outcome after 12 months follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial Unit, Halmstad Hospital, Halmstad, Sweden. dan-ake.walivaara@lthalland.se
authors.forename: Dan-Ake
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wälivaara
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abrahamsson
authors.forename: Kjell-Arne
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sämfors
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isaksson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001047:Apicoectomy; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D005260:Female; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D008875:Middle Aged; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012184:Retrograde Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014465:Ultrasonics; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement
chemical_list: D004853:Epoxy Resins; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; C031667:IRM cement; D006171:Gutta-Percha