title: Fluoride and the caries lesion: interactions and mechanism of action.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the mechanisms of action of fluoride (F).
  
  
  METHODS
  Narrative review of the literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluoride can reduce tooth mineral solubility by exchanging for hydroxyl groups and reducing carbonate content. Thus its presence in solution facilitates mineral precipitation or reprecipitation by lowering solubility products of precipitating calcium phosphates. While sound enamel tends to lose fluoride with age, it accumulates at stagnation sites where caries lesions develop indicating this as a site of action. Fluoride in the lesion will encourage remineralisation [Robinson et al., 2000] such that penetration of the lesion by fluoride is pivotal. Access from plaque, however, is limited due to restricted penetration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maintaining a very thin plaque layer is thus important in delivering fluoride to the lesion.
authors.affiliation: Department Oral Biology, Leeds Dental Institute, Clarendon Way, Leeds, UK. c.robinson@leeds.ac.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003747:Dental Enamel Solubility / Q000187:drug effects; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D005459:Fluorides