title: Occurrence of central polydactyly, syndactyly, and cleft hand in a single family: report of five hands in three cases.
abstract: Central polydactyly, syndactyly, and cleft hand are categorized separately in the International Federation of Societies for Surgery of the Hand classification. However, some investigators have proposed that these malformations should be classified into a single category: abnormal induction of finger rays. In this article, we report 5 hands with central polydactyly, syndactyly, and cleft hand in 3 patients from the same family and discuss the phenotypes in each hand.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Yasuteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muragaki
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006228:Hand Deformities, Congenital / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D017689:Polydactyly / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D013576:Syndactyly / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology