title: Electroporation based on hydrodynamic focusing of microfluidics with low dc voltage.
abstract: Microfluidics-based cell electroporation has many advantages in delivering small molecules into cells. In this study, hydrodynamic focusing of fluids with different conductivities has been used for high through-put cell electroporation at low voltage (<3 V) of continuous direct current (dc) power. Simulation results showed that an input voltage of only 1.5 V could generate an electric field intensity of about 1.17 kV cm(-1) across the cell suspension flow in the squeezed area. The electropermeation of yeast cell was observed, showing a permeabilization percentage up to 70%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chunxiong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jianyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chunyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D018274:Electroporation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D008954:Models, Biological