title: Tolterodine causes measurable restoration of urethral sensation in women with urge urinary incontinence.
abstract: INTRODUCTION & HYPOTHESIS: Determine if treatment of urge incontinence with tolterodine results in changes in bladder and/or urethral sensation using Current Perception Threshold (CPT) testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with >or=1 incontinence episode on 7-day diary were treated with 4 mg of long-acting tolterodine for 2-months. At baseline and 2-months, participants had CPT testing of the urethral and bladder at 3 frequencies 2000, 250, and 5 Hz. Baseline and post-treatment measures were compared using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen women underwent baseline CPT testing. Four discontinued medication due to side effects and did not have repeated testing. Urethral CPT at 250 Hz was lower after treatment (median 1.3 [Interquartile range .69-2.1] and .75 [.45-1.2], p = .003) and at 5 Hz trended toward a significant decrease (1.1 [1-1.9] and .84 [.32-1.1], p = .06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urethral sensitivity improves after 2-months of tolterodine, suggesting it may restore urethral sensory nerves in addition to known motor effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA. kkenton@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kenton
authors.forename: Lior
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lowenstein
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brubaker
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003408:Cresols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011434:Proprioception / Q000187:drug effects*; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D053202:Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014554:Urination
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003408:Cresols; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate