title: Assessment of nickel contamination in lakes using the phantom midge Chaoborus as a biomonitor.
abstract: Nickel (Ni) can be present in concentrations of concern in waters near mining and industrial sites. We tested species of the phantom midge Chaoborus as a biomonitor for this trace metal by collecting water and Chaoborus larvae from 15 lakes located along a Ni gradient mainly in the vicinity of smelters located in Sudbury, ON, Canada. We measured pH, trace metals, major ions, as well as inorganic and organic carbon concentrations in lakewater for use in calculating ambient metal speciation using the Windermere Humic Aqueous Model (WHAM). Nickel concentrations in Chaoborus species varied widely among our study lakes and could be related to concentrations of the free Ni2+ ion in lakewater if competitive interactions with hydrogen ions (H+) were taken into account We verified this inhibitory effect in the laboratory by exposing Chaoborus punctipennis to constantfree Ni2+ ion concentrations at various H+ ion concentrations. As expected, larvae exposed to high concentrations of H+ ions accumulated less Ni. Overall, our results suggest that Chaoborus larvae would be an excellent biomonitor for Ni in lakewater and as such would be a useful component of risk assessment strategies designed to evaluate Ni exposure to aquatic organisms in lakes.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Eau, Terre et Enrironnement, Université du Quebec, 490 rue de la Couronne, Quebec City, QC Canda, G1K 9A9.
authors.forename: Dominic E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Ponton
authors.forename: Landis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hare
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D008906:Mining; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D009864:Ontario; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D009532:Nickel