title: Pharmacokinetics of marbofloxacin in loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after single intravenous and intramuscular doses.
abstract: The disposition kinetics of marbofloxacin at a single dose of 2 mg/kg bodyweight were determined in a crossover trial with five clinically healthy loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) after i.v. and i.m. administration. Marbofloxacin plasma concentrations were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (LOD/LOQ 0.05 microg/ml). Data were subjected to noncompartmental analysis. The integrated pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic variables showed that optimal area under the curve (AUC(0-24 h)): minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) (>125) and Cmax: MIC (>8) ratios, as reported for concentration-dependent bactericidal antimicrobials (e.g., fluoroquinolones), were achievable with both a once daily i.v. or i.m. dose for microorganisms with MIC < or = 0.5 microg/ml, while a Cmax: MIC > 8 for MIC > or = 1 microg/ml was achievable only after the i.v. administration. The absence of adverse reactions in the animals after i.v. or i.m. administration of marbofloxacin and the favorable pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties after a single dose of 2 mg/kg suggest the possibility of its safe and effective clinical use in loggerhead sea turtles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari, s.p. Casamassima, Km 3, 70010 - Valenzano, BA, Italy. o.lai@veterinaria.uniba.it
authors.forename: Olimpia R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laricchiuta
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marzano
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Crescenzo
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Escudero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000662:veterinary; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014426:Turtles / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C080260:marbofloxacin