title: Two-tier transcriptional control of oligodendrocyte differentiation.
abstract: Oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the myelin-forming cells of the central nervous system (CNS). They differentiate from proliferative OL precursor cells that migrate from the embryonic neuroepithelium throughout the developing CNS before associating with axons and elaborating myelin. Recent research into the regulation of OL differentiation has uncovered a two-stage mechanism of transcriptional control that combines epigenetic repression of transcriptional inhibitors with direct transcriptional activation of myelin genes. This 'two-pronged' approach creates a fail-safe system of genetic control to ensure orderly and unambiguous expression of the myelination program during development and during repair of demyelinated lesions.
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, and Research Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Huiliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Casaccia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction