title: Novel borate glass/chitosan composite as a delivery vehicle for teicoplanin in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis.
abstract: Composite materials composed of borate bioactive glass and chitosan (designated BGC) were investigated in vitro and in vivo as a new delivery system for teicoplanin in the treatment of chronic osteomyelitis induced by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In vitro, the release of teicoplanin from BGC pellets into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), as well as its antibacterial activity, were determined. The compressive strength of the pellets was measured after specific immersion times, and the structure of the pellets was characterized using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. In vivo, the tibial cavity of New Zealand White rabbits was injected with MRSA strain to induce chronic osteomyelitis, treated by debridement after 4weeks, implanted with teicoplanin-loaded BGC pellets (designated TBGC) or BGC pellets, or injected intravenously with teicoplanin. After 12weeks' implantation, the efficacy of the TBGC pellets for treating osteomyelitis was evaluated using hematological, radiological, microbiological and histological techniques. When immersed in PBS, the TBGC pellets provided a sustained release of teicoplanin, while the surface of the pellets was converted to hydroxyapatite (HA). In vivo, the best therapeutic effect was observed in animals implanted with TBGC pellets, resulting in significantly lower radiological and histological scores, a lower positive rate of MRSA culture, and an excellent bone defect repair, without local or systemic side effects. The results indicate that TBGC pellets are effective in treating chronic osteomyelitis by providing a sustained release of teicoplanin, in addition to participating in bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200233, China.
authors.forename: Wei-Tao
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shi-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wen-Hai
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Mohamed N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Rahaman
authors.forename: Delbert E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Chang-Qing
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zong-Ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Jian-Qiang
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001881:Borates / Q000737:chemistry*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004058:Diffusion; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D011817:Rabbits; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D001881:Borates; D004343:Drug Implants; D017334:Teicoplanin; D048271:Chitosan