title: Broad-scale recombination patterns underlying proper disjunction in humans.
abstract: Although recombination is essential to the successful completion of human meiosis, it remains unclear how tightly the process is regulated and over what scale. To assess the nature and stringency of constraints on human recombination, we examined crossover patterns in transmissions to viable, non-trisomic offspring, using dense genotyping data collected in a large set of pedigrees. Our analysis supports a requirement for one chiasma per chromosome rather than per arm to ensure proper disjunction, with additional chiasmata occurring in proportion to physical length. The requirement is not absolute, however, as chromosome 21 seems to be frequently transmitted properly in the absence of a chiasma in females, a finding that raises the possibility of a back-up mechanism aiding in its correct segregation. We also found a set of double crossovers in surprisingly close proximity, as expected from a second pathway that is not subject to crossover interference. These findings point to multiple mechanisms that shape the distribution of crossovers, influencing proper disjunction in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America.
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fledel-Alon
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Broman
authors.forename: Xiaoquan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ober
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coop
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Przeworski
mesh_terms: D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000235:genetics*; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 / Q000235:genetics; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*