title: Bridge to heart transplantation with left ventricular assist device versus inotropic agents in status 1 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) are commonly used for critically ill patients awaiting heart transplantation, although their effect on long-term outcomes, relative to inotropic support alone, is still debated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from Status 1 patients who underwent heart transplantation at our institution between 1990 and 2005 were reviewed (n = 180). They were divided into two groups: those who underwent LVAD implantation as a bridge to transplant (n = 31) and those treated with inotropic agents without the support of LVAD (n = 149). They were compared in terms of demographics and clinical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups were similar in terms of patient and donor demographics. Relative to the inotrope group, the LVAD group did have a longer ischemic time (p = 0.032), a greater incidence of pretransplant transfusion (p < 0.00001), and a greater maximum level of pretransplant panel reactive antibodies (p < 0.001). Creatinine at listing significantly improved in LVAD patients awaiting transplantation (p < 0.0001). Comparisons of 5-year survival in addition to freedom from posttransplant infection, malignancy, revascularization, and acute rejection did not show significant difference between the two groups. The LVAD group did benefit from increased freedom from chronic rejection compared to the inotrope group (p = 0.049). Stepwise Cox Regression did not identify any independent factors affecting patient survival during the first 5 years after transplant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Status 1 patients successfully bridged to heart transplantation with LVADs had similar long-term clinical outcomes compared to those treated with inotropic agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Texas 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jessen
authors.forename: Bhavna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lavingia
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Comeaux
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dimaio
authors.forename: Dan M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents