title: Correlation of matrix metalloproteinase levels with the grade of proliferative vitreoretinopathy in the subretinal fluid and vitreous during rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 and their latent pro-forms (proMMP-2, -9), and protein levels of MMP-1, -3, -8 and tissue inhibitor of MMPs (TIMP)-1 in the subretinal fluid (SRF) and vitreous of patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). Potential correlations with proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) grade were determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven SRF and 32 vitreous samples from RRD patients and nine vitreous samples from human organ donors (controls), were collected and assayed for MMP-1, -3, -8/TIMP-1 levels using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and for proMMP-2, -9, MMP-2, -9 activity employing gelatine zymography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ProMMP-2, -9, MMP-1, -3, -9, TIMP-1 were significantly higher in the SRF and vitreous of RRD patients compared to the vitreous of organ donors. MMP-8 levels were higher in RRD patients' SRF. Regarding PVR grade, MMPs and TIMP-1 were differentially present in SRF and vitreous. PVR grade correlated significantly with the levels of MMP-2 in SRF, while proMMP-2, MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9 and TIMP-1 levels correlated with PVR grade in the vitreous.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP/TIMP-1 levels are elevated in SRF and vitreous during RRD. Significant correlations between PVR grade and MMP-2 in SRF and proMMP-2, MMP-1, -2, -3, -8, -9 and TIMP-1 levels in vitreous were revealed. Investigation of MMP activity in vitreous may provide more valid conclusions compared to SRF pertaining to the role of the MMPs during RRD. The observations of the present study suggest a possible role for MMPs and TIMP-1 in PVR pathophysiology.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Chrysanthos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Symeonidis
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papakonstantinou
authors.forename: Efimia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Souliou
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karakiulakis
authors.forename: Stavros A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Dimitrakos
authors.forename: Eudoxia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000601:surgery; D012591:Scleral Buckling; D058471:Subretinal Fluid / Q000201:enzymology*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014821:Vitrectomy; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000201:enzymology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases