title: Red- and green-emitting iridium(III) complexes for a dual barometric and temperature-sensitive paint.
abstract: A new dual luminescent sensitive paint for barometric pressure and temperature (T) is presented. The green-emitting iridium(III) complex [Ir(ppy)(2)(carbac)] (ppy=2-phenylpyridine; carbac=1-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)-5,5-dimethylhexane-2,4-dione) was applied as a novel probe for T along with the red-emitting complex [Ir(btpy)(3)], (btpy=2-(benzo[b]thiophene-2-yl)pyridine) which functions as a barometric (in fact oxygen-sensitive) probe. Both iridium complexes were dissolved in different polymer materials to achieve optimal responses. The probe [Ir(ppy)(2)(carbac)] was dispersed in gas-blocking poly(acrylonitrile) microparticles in order to suppress any quenching of its luminescence by oxygen. The barometric probe [Ir(btpy)(3)], in turn, was incorporated in a cellulose acetate butyrate film which exhibits good permeability for oxygen. The effects of temperature on the response of the oxygen probe can be corrected by simultaneous optical determination of T, as the poly(acrylonitrile) microparticles containing the temperature indicator are incorporated into the film. The phosphorescent signals of the probes for T and barometric pressure, respectively, can be separated by optical filters due to the approximately 75 nm difference in their emission maxima. The dual sensor is applicable to luminescence lifetime imaging of T and barometric pressure. It is the first luminescent dual sensor material for barometric pressure/T based exclusively on the use of Ir(III) complexes in combination with luminescence lifetime imaging.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University Regensburg, Universitätsstr. 93051 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Lorenz H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Matthias I J
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Stich
authors.forename: Otto S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Wolfbeis
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holder
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schäferling
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D007495:Iridium / Q000737:chemistry*; D049449:Luminescence; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010150:Paint; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007495:Iridium