title: Recurrent nonhepatic and de novo malignancies after liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After Liver transplantation (LTx), recurrence of hepatic cancer, de novo cancers, and donor-transmitted cancers have been described. However, the data for patients with a prior history of nonhepatic malignancy and its recurrence post-LTx are limited.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Aim of this study was to examine the patient with nonhepatic pre-LTx malignancies, and their recurrence post-LTx along with de novo cancers and recurrence of hepatic malignancy in the population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 1996 and July 2006, 1127 patients underwent LTx at our institution. Thirty patients (2.7%) (15 men and 15 women, mean age 56.9+/-12.8 years) had documented nonhepatic malignancies. There were seven colorectal, three prostatic, three cervical, three bladder, six breast, and other nine miscellaneous cancers (one patient had two cancers). Four patients had hepatocellular carcinoma at the time of LTx. All patients were followed up until 2008 with a mean follow-up period of 34.1+/-35.3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient with oropharyngeal cancer (3.3%), who was recurrence-free pre-LTx for 77.3 months, developed recurrence 36 months post-LTx and subsequently died 11 months postrecurrence. Two patients developed de novo cancer. One developed renal cell carcinoma 46.6 months post-LTx and other developed de novo intra-abdominal metastatic adenocarcinoma of unknown origin. Three of four patients developed recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of recurrence of nonhepatic malignancy was 3% and de novo cancer was 6% in the present series. There is a need to develop a guideline for recurrence-free survival period for nonhepatic malignancies before LTx, based on the type and stage of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. ashokkumar.jain@tuhs.temple.edu
authors.forename: Ashokkumar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fiaz
authors.forename: Baber
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: Rajeev
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Saman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Safadjou
authors.forename: Randeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kashyap
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Batzold
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orloff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome