title: Association of the +45T>G and +276G>T polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene with insulin resistance in nondiabetic Greek women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We explored potential associations of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ; +45T>G, rs2241766 and +276G>T, rs1501299) with circulating total and high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin, insulin resistance (IR), and markers of obesity in a healthy Greek female population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The two SNPs were genotyped in 349 women without diabetes (mean age: 47.0+/-12.1 years, mean body mass index: 28.9+/-5.6 kg/m(2)). Total and HMW adiponectin concentrations, body composition variables, IR parameters, and plasma lipid levels were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In single SNP analysis adjusting for several potential confounders, SNP +276G>T was associated with higher fasting insulin levels (P=0.01) and higher homeostasis model assessment index for IR (HOMA-IR; P=0.009), and SNP +45T>G was associated with lower insulin levels and HOMA-IR (P=0.05 and P=0.07 respectively). No association with total or HMW adiponectin, plasma lipid levels, and body composition variables was observed; however, haplotype analysis revealed that subjects homozygous for the most common +45T/+276G haplotype had lower total adiponectin levels than did noncarriers of this haplotype (P=0.02). The observed differences in HOMA-IR were very significant among women with a higher body fat (BF) percentage (>or= the population median of 41%; all P<or=0.005), but not among leaner individuals (P for interactions 0.01-0.07), thus suggesting that ADIPOQ effects on insulin sensitivity may depend upon BF status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest a significant role of ADIPOQ variants at positions +45 and +276 in the development of IR in healthy Greek women possibly through an interaction with BF.
authors.affiliation: Departments of,Nutrition and Dietetics Home Economics, Harokopio University of Athens, El Venizelou 70, 17671 Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Labros
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Melistas
authors.forename: Christos S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Mantzoros
authors.forename: Meropi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kontogianni
authors.forename: Smaragdi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antonopoulou
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ordovas
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yiannakouris
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin