title: Diffusion-weighted MRI of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma during sorafenib treatment: initial results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of our study was to evaluate signal changes of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in diffusion-weighted MRI in the early-response monitoring of oral therapy with the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatocellular carcinoma lesions exhibit characteristic but unusual apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) changes during sorafenib therapy, consisting of early decrease in ADC after therapy onset followed by a reincrease. The ADC changes seem to reflect the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms in tumor necrosis (most probably hemorrhagic) induced by this novel targeted agent early after therapy onset and may indicate tumor reactivation in the later follow-up period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. christina.schraml@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schraml
authors.forename: Nina F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Schwenzer
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martirosian
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bitzer
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lauer
authors.forename: Claus D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horger
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000077157:Sorafenib; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib