title: Population pharmacokinetic analysis of infliximab in patients with ulcerative colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody, is approved for the treatment of inflammatory diseases at doses that depend on the patient disease population. It was the aim of this study to evaluate its population pharmacokinetics in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis and characterize patient covariates that affect its disposition in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Information collected from 482 patients in two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled international studies were analyzed using NONMEM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A two-compartment, population pharmacokinetic model described the serum infliximab concentration-time data. Population pharmacokinetic estimates (typical value +/- standard error), based on the final covariate model, were clearance (CL: 0.407 +/- 0.0103 L/day), apparent volumes of distribution in the central (V(1): 3.29 +/- 0.0679 L) and peripheral (V(2): 4.13 +/- 0.16 L) compartments, and intercompartment clearance (Q: 7.14 +/- 0.489 L/day). Infliximab exhibited interindividual variability for CL and V(1) of 37.7% and 22.1%, respectively. Infliximab t(1/2) is approximately 14 days. Covariate analysis showed that V(1) increased as body weight increased, and CL was higher in patients who developed antibodies to infliximab. An additional novel covariate, serum albumin concentration, was found to be inversely and strongly related to infliximab clearance in this population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The disposition of infliximab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, unlike in rheumatoid arthritis, was not affected by coadministration of immunomodulators and corticosteroids but was related to formation of antibodies to infliximab and, notably, to serum albumin levels.
authors.affiliation: Centocor Research and Development, Inc, Malvern, PA, USA. afasanma@its.jnj.com
authors.forename: Adedigbo A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fasanmade
authors.forename: Omoniyi J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Adedokun
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Danika
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Jewel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johanns
authors.forename: Chuanpu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hugh M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Honghui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D010919:Placebos; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D010919:Placebos; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000069285:Infliximab