title: Effect of progesterone and ionomycin on domestic cat sperm motility patterns and acrosome reaction.
abstract: This study was aimed at assessing the changes in sperm motion patterns and the percentage of acrosome reaction (AR) in domestic cat semen after treatment with either ionomycin or progesterone (P(4)). Ten ejaculates were collected from five tomcats using an artificial vagina, and were diluted, centrifuged and resuspended in a capacitation medium. Samples were evaluated and divided into seven equal aliquots and, after 2 h at 25 degrees C, were incubated for 30 min at 38 degrees C in 5% CO(2) and then analyzed. Computer-assisted sperm analysis and a combination of three fluorescent probes were used to assess sperm plasma, acrosomal membrane integrity and mitochondrial transmembrane potential. Thirty minutes after the start of incubation, P(4) was added (10 microg/ml) to the P1 group. Groups P2 and P3 were supplemented with P(4) (10 and 20 microg/ml, respectively) only after 2 h of incubation, and groups I1 and I2 were supplemented with ionomycin (4 and 8 mum, respectively) 2 h after incubation. Group E was supplemented with ethanol (0.6%) at 2 h after incubation and group C received no supplementation. Ionomycin and P(4) treatments led to a hyperactivation-like sperm motion and an increase (p < 0.05) in the percentage of AR. Although a higher (p < 0.05) percentage of AR was obtained in group I2 when compared with all P(4) groups, a decrease (p < 0.05) in total and progressive motility was observed in I2 group. As I1 group was similar to I2 to induce AR without diminishing sperm motility, we can conclude that ionomycin at 4 microm seems to be more suitable to trigger AR in domestic cat sperm.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Reprodução Animal e Radiologia Veterinária, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, UNESP, Botucatu, Brazil. aivillaverde@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A I S B
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Villaverde
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Fioratti
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Landim-Alvarenga
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Carvalho Balieiro
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: F O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Papa
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lopes
mesh_terms: D020101:Acrosome Reaction / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013075:Sperm Capacitation / Q000187:drug effects; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D015759:Ionomycin