title: Influence of air-abrasion on zirconia ceramic bonding using an adhesive composite resin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Air-abrasion as bonding conditioning method for zirconia ceramic might compromise the mechanical strength of zirconia restorations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of surface conditioning parameters, i.e., air-abrasion with reduced pressure or no air-abrasion and priming with adhesive primers on the long-term resin bond strength to zirconia ceramic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Zirconia ceramic disks were polished with 600 grit abrasive paper. Plexiglas tubes filled with composite resin were bonded with RelyX Unicem luting composite resin to the conditioned zirconia disks. Three surface conditions (unconditioned, air-born particle abrasion at 0.05 or 0.25 MPa) and four priming conditions (no priming, priming with Metal/Zirconia Primer, priming with Alloy Primer, priming with Clearfil Ceramic Primer) were tested. Sixteen specimens of each combination were bonded. Subgroups of eight bonded samples were stored in water either for 3 days or 150 days with 37,500 thermocycling. Tensile bond strengths (TBSs) were determined with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2mm/min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without priming, RelyX Unicem showed durable bond strength to 0.25 MPa airborne-particle abraded ceramic. When combined with 10-methacryloyloxy-decyl dihydrogenphosphate containing primers, air-abrasion resulted in a durable TBS to zirconia ceramic even at a reduced abrasion pressure. However, combined with Metal/Zirconia Primer air-abrasion did not provide a durable TBS to zirconia ceramic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a self-adhesive luting resin composite (RelyX Unicem), air-abrasion at 0.25 MPa or the combination of low pressure air-abrasion and priming with MDP-containing primers seems to be useful to achieve durable long-term bonding to zirconia ceramic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Propaedeutics and Dental Materials, Dental School, Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel, Arnold-Heller-Str. 16, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barloi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013871:Thiones / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C521707:Alloy Primer; D003188:Composite Resins; D008689:Methacrylates; C483701:Rely X Unicem; D019279:Resin Cements; D013871:Thiones; D014867:Water; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C100646:Metal Primer; C069749:methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate; D015040:Zirconium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C028541:zirconium oxide