title: [Expression and significance of VEGF-C and VEGF-D in differentiated thyroid carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  VEGF-C,D are known to be capable of inducing proliferation of lymphatic endothelia cell and development of lymphatic vessels, so we investigated the expression of VEGF-C,D in the differentiated thyroid carcinoma tissues microarray in order to understand the significance mechanism of cervix lymphatic metastasis of thyroid cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tissue microarray containing 71 specimens was constructed, including normal thyroid tissues, thyroid adenoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma with and without lymphatic metastasis, follicular thyroid carcinoma. VEGF-C, D protein expression was detected with immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of VEGF-C,D were not observed in normal thyroid tissues and adenoma tissues. The expression of VEGF-C,D in papillary thyroid carcinoma was significantly higher than those in follicular thyroid carcinoma (P < 0.05) and adeno ma tissues (P < 0.01). The expression of VEGF-C,D in papillary thyroid carcinoma with lymphatic metastasis was significantly higher than those in papillary thyroid carcinoma without lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By inducing proliferation of lymphatic endothelia cell and development of lymphatic vessels, VEGF-C,D contributed to lymphatic metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200001, China. luohuajie2000@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Huajie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tengfei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jiadong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000378:metabolism*; D042643:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C467486:VEGFC protein, human; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; D042643:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor D