title: Laparoscopic gastric banding as revisional procedure to failed vertical gastroplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vertical gastroplasty (VG) was worldwide and until recently a very popular restrictive bariatric procedure. Unfortunately, many patients required revisional surgery for failure of this technique. The present study aimed to evaluate retrospectively the feasibility, safety, and efficiency of conversion of failed VGs to laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients underwent LAGB as revisional surgery between August 2001 and June 2008. Preceding VGs were performed either by open procedure {silastic ring vertical gastroplasty (SRVG, n = 21) and vertical-banded gastroplasty (VBG, n = 10)} or by laparoscopy {laparoscopic silastic ring vertical gastroplasty (L-SRVG, n = 9)}. The delay between initial and revisional surgery was significantly shorter for SRVG (5.5 +/- 1.7 years; p < 0.001) as compared to VBG and L-SRVG (9.2 +/- 2.3 and 9.4 +/- 1.8 years, respectively). The reasons for failure of the VG were: disruption of the staple line (n = 23), excessive enlargement of the gastric pouch (n = 15) and inefficient stoma (n = 2). Patients were qualified for revisional surgery in case of uncontrolled weight regain with or without frequent vomiting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were three conversions from laparoscopy to laparotomy (7.5%). There was no mortality. Minor morbidity was 12.5%. There were two major complications (5%); one incarcerated port-site hernia requiring small bowel resection, and one band erosion necessitating band removal. The mean BMI dropped from 38.9 kg/m(2) before revision to 30.7 kg/m(2) after conversion to LAGB (follow-up 6-88 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conversion of failed VGs to gastric banding is safe and efficient. The morbidity rate is acceptable. Gastric banding to correct failing VG is a reasonable option when performed in selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive, Thoracic and Laparoscopic surgery, Brugmann University Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Place Van Gehuchten, 4-1020 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thill
authors.forename: Roudabeh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khorassani
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ngongang
authors.forename: Nele
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van De Winkel
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mendes da Costa
authors.forename: Christian Marie
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Simoens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain; D055815:Young Adult