title: Post-yield relaxation behavior of bovine cancellous bone.
abstract: Relaxation studies were conducted on specimens of bovine cancellous bone at post-yield strains. Stress and strain were measured for 1000s and the relaxation modulus was determined. Fifteen cylindrical, cancellous bone specimens were removed from one bovine femur in the anterior-posterior direction. The relaxation modulus was found to be a function of strain. Therefore cancellous bone is non-linearly viscoelastic/viscoplastic in the plastic region. A power law regression was fit to the relaxation modulus data. The multiplicative constant was found to be statistically related through a power law relationship to both strain (p<0.0005) and apparent density (p<0.0005) while the power coefficient was found to be related through a power law relationship, E(t, epsilon)=A(epsilon)t(-n(epsilon)), to strain (p<0.0005), but not apparent density.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
authors.forename: Travis A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Burgers
authors.forename: Roderic S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lakes
authors.forename: Sylvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Geoffrey R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Piller
authors.forename: Heidi-Lynn
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ploeg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D055119:Elastic Modulus / Q000502:physiology; D005269:Femur / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008954:Models, Biological; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014783:Viscosity; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology