title: Cystoprostatectomy as a treatment of prostate cancer involving the bladder neck.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the clinicopathological findings and short- and long-term outcomes of prostate cancer (PCa) patients with bladder neck invasion who underwent cystoprostatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1989 and 2005, we performed 17 cystoprostatectomies for PCa patients having bladder neck invasion without distant visceral or distant lymph node metastasis. Of the 17 patients, 11 were treated with neoadjuvant hormone therapy and all patients were treated with adjuvant hormone therapy immediately after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 7 patients in whom pelvic lymph node swelling was identified by preoperative imaging studies had pathological lymph node metastasis. Of the 10 patients judged as cN0 preoperatively, 7 (70.0%) had lymph node metastasis. Although local recurrence was found in 2 (11.8%) patients, no additional urinary diversion or inconvenient urinary symptoms due to PCa progression were observed in any patients. The 5-year prostate-specific antigen recurrence-free survival rate was 62.2%. Cause-specific survival at 5 years after surgery was 87.1%. The 5-year cause-specific survival rate of node-positive patients was 92.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cystoprostatectomy followed by immediate hormone therapy may be a feasible treatment option to achieve excellent local control for patients with previously untreated PCa, even in the presence of pelvic lymph node metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Youhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horikawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nanjyo
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habuchi
mesh_terms: D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*