title: Fat distribution in men of different waist girth, fitness level and exercise habit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk of chronic disease is lower in obese men who are fit and active than obese men who are unfit and inactive.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy were used to assess total and regional adipose tissue in 13 men who were slim, fit and active (the slim-fit), in 12 men who were slim, unfit and inactive (the slim-unfit), in 13 men who were fat, fit and active (the fat-fit) and in 12 men who were fat, unfit and inactive (the fat-unfit), in order to investigate the hypothesis that visceral fat and liver fat are lower in the fat-fit than the fat-unfit. Waist girth was used to distinguish slim men (< or =90 cm) and fat men (> or =100 cm). Maximal oxygen consumption was used to identify fit men (above average for age) and unfit men (average or below for age). Fit men reported at least 60 min of vigorous aerobic activity per week and unfit men reported no regular moderate or vigorous activity in the last 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total fat was not significantly different in the slim-fit and the slim unfit, but the proportion of internal fat was significantly lower (P<0.05) and the proportion of visceral fat was almost significantly lower (P=0.06) in the slim-fit than all other groups. Total fat was not significantly different in the fat-fit and the fat-unfit, but visceral fat and liver fat were significantly lower in the fat-fit than the fat-unfit (P<0.01). Waist girth and years of exercise explained 84% of the variance in total fat, waist girth and maximal oxygen consumption explained 70% of the variance in visceral fat, and waist girth alone explained 25% of the variance in liver fat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic disease risk may be lower because visceral fat and liver fat are lower in men who are fat, fit and active.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK. g.odonovan@exeter.ac.uk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: O'Donovan
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fitzpatrick
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Durighel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: S X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Goldstone
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D050218:Body Fat Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000473:pathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D055105:Waist Circumference