title: Efficacy and safety of pallidal stimulation in primary dystonia: results of the Spanish multicentric study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dystonia is a complex clinical syndrome originated by a wide range of aetiologies. The diagnosis of dystonia is made after the evaluation of aetiological, phenomenological and genetic factors. Medications, except in patients with dopa-responsive dystonia, are of limited efficacy. Botulinum toxin injections are not applicable to patients with generalised dystonia, since many muscular groups contribute to disability. Clinical studies in children and adults with primary generalised dystonia (PGD) have reported beneficial effects of bilateral GPi deep brain stimulation (DBS) in both motor symptoms and disability produced by dystonia as well as a favourable impact of DBS in the health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Some clinical aspects of GPi stimulation in primary dystonia still remain controversial such as the influence of disease duration or age at onset in determining the postoperative clinical outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors report the results of a multicentric study designed to assess the tolerability and clinical effects of bilateral pallidal DBS on motor impairment, functional disability, quality of life, pain and mood in patients with medically refractory primary generalised or segmental dystonia.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. fvallde@clinic.ub.es
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Valldeoriola
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Regidor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mínguez-Castellanos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lezcano
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Ruiz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rojo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grandas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulisevsky
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Martí
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez-Martín
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Relova
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rumià
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cámara
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burguera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Linazasoro
authors.forename: J López
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: de Val
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Obeso
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Oroz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tolosa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult