title: Emergence of multiresistant variants of the community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus lineage ST1-SCCmecIV in 2 hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: Usually, community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) is susceptible to a variety of non-beta-lactam drugs. These isolates commonly display SCCmecIV and are associated with community-acquired infections. More recently, CA-MRSA has been isolated from health-care-associated diseases. We characterized MRSA isolates from 2 hospitals in Rio de Janeiro area to assess the entry of new lineages. The isolates were primary genotyped using a combination of molecular typing methods including SCCmec, restriction modification test, and Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) detection. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was carried out for representatives of each lineages found. Disk diffusion test was performed as recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. SCCmecIV was the predominant cassette mec detected. The most frequent MRSA lineage, a PVL nonproducer, was allocated in the CC1-SCCmecIV. It was found that 56% of these isolates were resistant to 3 or more non-beta-lactam drugs. Multilocus sequence typing of a representative of the CC1 isolates supported our finds that multiresistant variants of a CA-MRSA lineage (ST1-SCCmecIV) emerged in this city.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology Paulo de Góes, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Cícera
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Silva-Carvalho
authors.forename: Raquel Regina
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bonelli
authors.forename: Raquel Rodrigues
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Lia Cristina Galvão
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Magda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Souza Conceição
authors.forename: Silvio José
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: de Mello Junior
authors.forename: Jupira Miron
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Carballido
authors.forename: Priscila Nobrega
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Rito
authors.forename: Verônica Viana
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Lenise Arneiro
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Agnes Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sá Figueiredo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000235:genetics; D016106:Methicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin