Effects of preoperative aortic insufficiency on outcome after aortic valve-sparing surgery.
BACKGROUND
The presence of significant preoperative aortic insufficiency (AI) or the need for cusp repair has been suggested as a risk factor for poorer outcomes after aortic valve (AV)-sparing surgery. We analyzed the influence of these factors on the mid-term outcomes of AV surgery.


RESULTS
Between 1996 and 2008, 164 consecutive patients underwent elective AV-sparing surgery. Severe preoperative AI (grade > or =3+) was present in 93 patients (57%), and 54 (33%) had a bicuspid valve. Root repair was performed with either the reimplantation (74%) or the remodeling (26%) technique, and cusp repair was performed in 90 patients (55%). Mean clinical follow-up was 57 months. Hospital mortality was 0.6%. Cusp repair was required in 52% of the patients with preoperative AI < or =2+ and in 57% of those with AI > or =3+ (P=0.6). Cusp repair was required more frequently in bicuspid versus tricuspid valves (91% versus 38%, P<0.001). Overall survival at 8 years was 88+/-8%. Freedom from AV reoperation at 8 years was similar with preoperative AI < or =2+ versus preoperative AI > or =3+ (89+/-11% versus 90+/-7%, P=0.7) and with versus without cusp repair (84+/-17% versus 92+/-8%, P=0.5). Freedom from recurrent AI (grade > or =3+) at 5 years was also similar between groups (90+/-10% versus 89+/-8%, P=0.9, and 90+/-8% versus 89+/-9%, P=0.8, respectively). By multivariate analyses, predictors of recurrent AI > or =2+ were preoperative left ventricle end-diastolic diameter and AI >1+ on discharge echocardiography.


CONCLUSIONS
With a systematic approach to cusp assessment and repair, AV-sparing surgery for root pathology has an acceptable mid-term outcome, irrespective of preoperative AI or need for cusp repair.
de Kerchove
Laurent
L
Université Catholique de Louvain, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium. laurent.dekerchove@uclouvain.be
Boodhwani
Munir
M
Glineur
David
D
Poncelet
Alain
A
Verhelst
Robert
R
Astarci
Parla
P
Lacroix
Valérie
V
Rubay
Jean
J
Vandyck
Michel
M
Vanoverschelde
Jean-Louis
JL
Noirhomme
Philippe
P
El Khoury
Gebrine
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome