title: Tobacco promotion to military personnel: "the plums are here to be plucked".
abstract: Smoking rates among military personnel are high, damaging health, decreasing short- and long-term troop readiness, and costing the Department of Defense (DOD). The military is an important market for the tobacco industry, which long targeted the military with cigarette promotions. Internal tobacco industry documents were examined to explore tobacco sponsorship of events targeted to military personnel. Evidence was found of more than 1,400 events held between 1980 and 1997. In 1986, the DOD issued a directive forbidding such special promotions; however, with the frequently eager cooperation of military personnel, they continued for more than a decade, apparently ceasing only because of the restrictions of the Master Settlement Agreement. The U.S. military collaborated with the tobacco industry for decades, creating a military culture of smoking. Reversing that process will require strong policy establishing tobacco use as unmilitary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Science, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California Street, Suite 455, San Francisco, CA 94118, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Malone
mesh_terms: D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008887:Military Medicine; D008889:Military Personnel; D015980:Public Health Practice; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D040241:Social Marketing; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D014481:United States