title: Localization of poly(A)(+) RNA and mRNA export factors in interchromatin granule clusters of two-cell mouse embryos.
abstract: Interchromatin granule clusters (IGCs), also known as nuclear speckles, splicing factor compartments, or SC35-domains, are one of the most universal nuclear organelles of the cell. We have used two-cell mouse embryos as an experimental system to study the possible association of poly(A)(+) RNA and factors involved in RNA export (Tip-associated protein [TAP] and heterogenous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A/B [hnRNP A/B]) with IGCs. Poly(A)(+) RNA was localized by microinjections of 2'-O-Me(U)(22) probes conjugated with tetramethylrhodamine. RNA export proteins were detected by immunofluorescence confocal laser microscopy and immunogold-labeling electron microscopy. We found that poly(A)(+) RNA was located in IGCs regardless of the transcriptional state of the nuclei. hnRNP A/B was also found to characterize IGCs of the embryo nuclei with various levels of transcription activity. In transcriptionally active embryo nuclei, TAP was detected in the vicinity of IGCs rather than inside them; however, when transcription was inhibited by drugs, TAP was localized to IGCs. Our data support the idea that IGCs not only serve as splicing factor reservoirs, but also take part in mRNA retention and export.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Morphology, Institute of Cytology RAS, Tikhoretsky Avenue 4, 194064 St. Petersburg, Russia. ibogol@mail.ru
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bogolyubova
authors.forename: Dmitry
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bogolyubov
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Parfenov
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D034481:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012326:RNA Splicing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D034481:Heterogeneous-Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Group A-B; C122111:NXF1 protein, human; D029543:Nucleocytoplasmic Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins