title: An ex vivo methodology to assess the lipid peroxidation in stratum corneum.
abstract: Environmental risks, particularly UV radiation, provide a challenge to the function of the skin barrier. Protective measures such as the use of antioxidant products represent a possible method of providing protection to the skin. This paper reports the development of a non-invasive ex vivo method using tape strips of the outermost layers of stratum corneum (SC) from human volunteers in order to determine the effectiveness of an antioxidant emulsion topically applied to prevent lipid peroxidation (LPO) in the horny layer after an UV irradiation exposure. Two different formulations were used: formulation (A), containing Vitamin A, E and C, and formulation (B) containing fish extract. Both formulations were topically applied in vivo on volunteer forearms; then, a tape stripping of the SC of each volunteer was carried out. The lipid peroxidation was measured ex vivo after an UV irradiation of the SC samples. The amount of SC stripped to evaluate differences in lipid peroxidation, the UV irradiation intensity to form lipid peroxides and the accuracy of lipid peroxide analysis were optimized in this methodology using formulation (A). After an exposure application of seven days, a group of three strips of the outermost layers of SC of volunteers was irradiated with an intensity of 182.7 J/cm(2) to quantify the LPO inhibition. The percentage of LPO inhibition obtained after topical application of both formulations was in the range of 40-58% demonstrating the effectiveness of the formulations topically applied against lipid peroxidation on human SC. This methodology may be used as a quality control tool to determine ex vivo the percentage of the LPO inhibition on human SC for a variety of antioxidants topically applied.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Technology, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia IQAC, 08034 Barcelona, Spain. cristina.alonso@iqac.csic.es
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barba
authors.forename: Laia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Sonya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilimnik
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coderch
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Notario
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Parra
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants