title: Effect of multiple- and single-day enrofloxacin medications against dual experimental infection with avian pneumovirus and Escherichia coli in turkeys.
abstract: Escherichia coli infections are a common cause of respiratory disease in turkeys. To control these respiratory infections in turkeys, drinking water treatment with enrofloxacin is widely used. The current treatment schedule advises a 5-d treatment at 10 mg/kg of BW. Because enrofloxacin exerts a concentration-dependent activity, it might be useful to provide this 50 mg/kg total dose in a single-day treatment regimen. Therefore, we assessed whether a single-day treatment schedule with 50 mg/kg of BW was clinically equivalent to the advised multiple-day treatment schedule with 10 mg/kg of BW for 5 d. For this purpose, 3 groups of seventeen 22-d-old turkeys were experimentally inoculated with avian metapneumovirus and 3 d later with E. coli. One group received 10 mg of enrofloxacin/kg of BW in the drinking water for 5 successive days. The second group received 50 mg of enrofloxacin/kg of BW for 20 h in the drinking water. The third group was enclosed as an untreated positive control group. Both the multiple- and the single-day enrofloxacin treatment regimens reduced E. coli multiplication in the respiratory tract tissues (turbinates, trachea and lung), but the 5-d treatment with 10 mg of enrofloxacin/kg in turkeys provided the best results by shortening the course of clinical disease, by eliminating E. coli from the respiratory tract without remultiplication, and by reducing macroscopic lesions. The efficacy of the single-day treatment did not equal that of the 5-d treatment, possibly by not eliminating E. coli from the respiratory organs, which made it possible for the remaining bacteria to reemerge in those organs. None of the used treatment regimens promoted the selection of bacterial clones with reduced susceptibility or resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Bacteriology and Avian Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. An.Garmyn@UGent.be
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garmyn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Froyman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nauwynck
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duchateau
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Haesebrouck
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasmans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000276:immunology; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014422:Turkeys; D019562:Viral Load / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin