title: Phase-only modulation with twisted nematic liquid-crystal spatial light modulators.
abstract: It is shown that twisted nematic liquid-crystal spatial light modulators behave as phase-only modulators when operated below the conventional optical threshold. Thus such devices, when operated in a reflection mode, behave as spatial amplitude modulators when used between crossed polarizers above the optical threshold; they behave as phase modulators when used between parallel polarizers and operated below that threshold.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Konforti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marom
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wu