title: Plantain (Plantago L.) species as novel sources of flavonoid antioxidants.
abstract: To examine the antioxidant properties of methanol extracts of selected Plantago species (P. argentea Chaix., P. holosteum Scop., P. major L., P. maritima L., and P. media L.), various assays that measure free radical scavenging ability were carried out: DPPH, hydroxyl radical, superoxide anion, and nitric oxide scavenger capacity tests, reducing power (FRAP) assay, and Fe(2+)/ascorbate induced lipid peroxidation. In all of the tests extracts showed a potent antioxidant effect compared with BHT, a well-known synthetic antioxidant, and the extract of P. major, accepted as an official remedy. Besides, in examined extracts the total phenolic amount (ranging from 38.43 to 70.97 mg of GAE/g of dw) and the total flavonoid content (5.31-13.10 mg of QE/g of dw) were determined. Furthermore, the presence and content of selected flavonoids (luteolin-7-O-glucoside, apigenin-7-O-glucoside, luteolin, apigenin, rutin, and quercetin) were studied using LC-MS/MS technique. LC-MS/MS analysis showed noticeable qualitative and quantitative differences between the species according to which the examined Plantago species could be regarded as a possible new source of natural antioxidants. In this study three of the species examined, P. maritima, P. argentea, and P. holosteum, have been analyzed for the first time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia. ivanak@eunet.rs
authors.forename: Ivana N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Beara
authors.forename: Marija M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lesjak
authors.forename: Emilija D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Jovin
authors.forename: Kristina J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Balog
authors.forename: Goran T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Anackov
authors.forename: Dejan Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Orcić
authors.forename: Neda M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mimica-Dukić
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010943:Plantago / Q000737:chemistry*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical