Puerto Rican women's perceptions of heart disease risk.
Women frequently fail to recognize that coronary heart disease (CHD), not breast cancer, is the primary cause of female mortality. CHD mortality among U.S. mainland Puerto Rican (PR) women is second only to African American women. It is unknown what PR women understand about their risk, what factors they believe contribute to CHD, or whether they know the atypical symptoms often experienced by women. Most CHD studies exclude Hispanic women. Those that do often aggregate their results, making subgroup variations invisible. This study explored awareness of CHD symptoms, risks, and help-seeking behaviors among 12 PR women. Focus group methodology revealed that participants were unaware of their risk and had misconceptions about CHD symptoms and contributing factors. Barriers to early recognition and treatment included lack of knowledge, gender role conflict (caregiver vs. care recipient), and fears of falsely alarming family members or the embarrassment of feeling "dismissed" by health care providers.
Lange
Jean
J
Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06430, USA. jlange@fairfield.edu
Evans-Benard
Sharon
S
Cooper
Jennifer
J
Fahey
Ellen
E
Kalapos
Marlain
M
Tice
Donna
D
Wang-D'Amato
Nancy
N
Watsky
Nancy
N
D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D003469:Culture; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D016746:Transcultural Nursing / Q000379:methods*