Long-term consequences of a single treatment of mice with an ultra-low dose of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
A single administration of an extremely low dose (0.002 mg/kg) of Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC; the psychoactive ingredient of marijuana) to ICR mice induced long-term cognitive deficits that lasted for at least 5 months. The behavioral deficits were detected by several tests that evaluated different aspects of memory and learning, including spatial navigation and spatial and non-spatial recognition. Our findings point to possible deficits in attention or motivation that represent a common upstream cognitive process that may affect the performance of the mice in the different behavioral assays. Similar ultra-low doses of THC (3-4 orders of magnitude lower than doses that are known to evoke the acute effects of THC) also induced sustained activation of extracellular-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) in the cerebellum, indicating that a single injection of such low doses of the cannabinoid drug can stimulate neuronal regulatory mechanisms. The relevance of these findings to the behavioral consequences of chronic exposure to marijuana is discussed.
Amal
Haitham
H
The Adelson Center for the Biology of Addictive Diseases and The Mauerberger Chair in Neuropharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel.
Fridman-Rozevich
Lilach
L
Senn
Roey
R
Strelnikov
Anastasia
A
Gafni
Mikhal
M
Keren
Ora
O
Sarne
Yosef
Y
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D013759:Dronabinol; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases