title: GFP: from jellyfish to the Nobel prize and beyond.
abstract: On December 10, 2008 Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie and Roger Tsien were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for "the discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP". The path taken by this jellyfish protein to become one of the most useful tools in modern science and medicine is described. Osamu Shimomura painstakingly isolated GFP from hundreds of thousands of jellyfish, characterized the chromophore and elucidated the mechanism of Aequorean bioluminescence. Martin Chalfie expressed the protein in E. coli and C. elegans, and Roger Tsien developed a palette of fluorescent proteins that could be used in a myriad of applications.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Connecticut College, New London, CT 06320, USA. mzim@conncoll.edu
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimmer
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009613:Nobel Prize; D010777:Photochemistry; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015202:Protein Engineering
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins