title: Expression of RIZ1 protein (Retinoblastoma-interacting zinc-finger protein 1) in prostate cancer epithelial cells changes with cancer grade progression and is modulated in vitro by DHT and E2.
abstract: The nuclear protein methyl-transferase Retinoblastoma-interacting zinc-finger protein 1 (RIZ1) is considered to be a downstream effector of estrogen action in target tissues. Silencing of RIZ1 expression is common in many tumors. We analyzed RIZ1 expression in normal and malignant prostate tissue and evaluated whether estradiol (E2) or dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment modulated RIZ1 in cultured prostate epithelial cells (PEC). Moreover, we studied the possible involvement of RIZ1 in estrogen action on the EPN prostate cell line, constitutively expressing both estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha and beta. RIZ1 protein, found in the nucleus of normal PECs by immunohistochemistry, was progressively lost in cancer tissues as the Gleason score increased and was only detected in the cytoplasmic compartment. RIZ1 transcript levels, as assayed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR in primary PEC cultures, were significantly reduced in cancer cells (P < 0.05). In EPN DHT treatment significantly increased RIZ1 transcript and protein levels (P < 0.05); E2 induced a reduction of S phase without significant changes of RIZ1 expression. In E2-treated EPN cell extracts RIZ co-immunoprecipitated with ERbeta and ERalpha. Our data demonstrate that RIZ1 is expressed in normal PECs and down-regulated in cancer cells, with a switch of its sub-cellular localization from the nucleus to the cytoplasm upon cancer grade progression. RIZ1 expression levels in the PECs were modulated by DHT or E2 treatment in vitro. Furthermore, the E2 effects on ER-expressing prostate cells involve RIZ1, which confirms a possible role for ER-mediated pathways in a non-classic E(2)-target tissue.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Internistica Clinica e Sperimentale, Sezione di Endocrinologia, Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli, Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Staibano
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abbondanza
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mascolo
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bellastella
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Visconti
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Bellis
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moncharmont
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: Giovanni Alfredo
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Puca
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bellastella
authors.forename: Antonio Agostino
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sinisi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; C093563:PRDM2 protein, human