title: Transperitoneal laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy: 2 years' experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Due to the shortage of organ donations and the rising number of patients with terminal renal insufficiency, living donor kidney donation has become increasingly important during recent years. Hand-assisted laparoscopic living donor nephrectomy (LLDN) is an alternative to the conventional open approach and may decrease the surgical trauma to the donor. The aim of this study was to report our experience with this technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed demographic data, operative duration, hospital stay, and postoperative complications among 100 LLDNs performed from August 2006 to July 2008. We also performed a retrospective analysis of chemical and biochemical data of recipients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty female and 70 male subjects of mean age of 35.88 +/- 12.21 years were operated on during this period. The mean operative time for donor nephrectomy was 138.30 +/- 31.92 minutes (range 60-205) and for recipients, 87.66 +/- 11.79 minutes (range = 75-120), with a mean warm ischemia time of 5.19 +/- 1.76 minutes (range = 2-8). The donors' mean hospital stay was 28.34 +/- 8.31 hours (range = 24-72). Five donor operations were converted to open nephrectomy because of uncontrolled bleeding or abnormal anatomy. There was no need for blood transfusions or reoperations in the donors. Mean hospital stay for the recipients was 9.44 +/- 3.61 days (range = 5-22). Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen decreased from preoperative values of 10.46 +/- 3.73 and 66.10 +/- 25.16 to 1.39 +/- 0.38 and 29.64 +/- 8.83 mg/dL at discharge. The renal graft was rejected in two cases due to immunologic causes without any response to therapy. There was no vascular thrombosis in the transplanted kidneys.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LLDN is a viable alternative to the standard open nephrectomy. It may have a positive impact on the donor pool by minimizing disincentives to living donation. The results of our program were acceptable; this approach may be the procedure of choice in the future in our center.
authors.affiliation: Shiraz Transplant Center, Namazi Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikeghbalian
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehipour
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roozbeh
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sagheb
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kakaei
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dehghani
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shamsaeefar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghaffaripour
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Banihashemi
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Malek-Hosseini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D007902:Length of Stay; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult