Antiphospholipid syndrome: a comprehensive review of a complex and multisystemic disease.
The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an acquired thombophilia, which is characterized by one or more thrombotic episodes and obstetric complications in the presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies (Abs). APL Abs are detected by laboratory tests such as lupus anticoagulant (LAC), anticardiolipin (aCL) and anti-Beta2-glycoprotein I (Beta2GPI) Abs. This article reviews the most current aspects of APS with emphasis on the pathophysiology of the disease, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests, and current modalities of treatment.
Palomo
I
I
Department of Biochemistry and Immunohematology, School of Health Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile.
Segovia
F
F
Ortega
C
C
Pierangeli
S
S
D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000032:analysis; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010951:Plasma Exchange; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I / Q000276:immunology
D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D000925:Anticoagulants; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine