title: Development of candidate combination vaccine for hepatitis E and hepatitis B: a liposome encapsulation approach.
abstract: To reduce extra injections, cost and ensure better coverage, use of combination vaccines is preferable. An attempt was made to evaluate the encapsulation of hepatitis E virus neutralizing epitope (NE) region and hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) in liposomes as DNAs, proteins and DNA+protein. Mice groups were immunized with different liposome-encapsulated formulations and monitored for anti-HEV and anti-HBs titres, IgG subtypes, antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine levels. The protective levels of anti-HBs and in vitro virus-binding capacity of anti-HEV antibodies were assessed. Liposome-encapsulated DNA either singly or in combination did not elicit antibody response. Anti-HEV and anti-HBs IgG titres of individual component of protein alone (Lipo-E-P/Lipo-B-P) or DNA+protein formulations (Lipo-E-DP/Lipo-B-DP) were comparable to respective titres in combination vaccine of protein (Lipo-BE-P) and DNA+protein formulations (Lipo-BE-DP). IgG1 levels were significantly higher in Lipo-BE-P group whereas, equivalent levels of IgG1 and IgG2a were observed in Lipo-BE-DP group against both components of the vaccine. Combination vaccine group showed mixed Th1/Th2 cytokine profile. Liposome entrapped NE and HBsAg in protein and DNA+protein formats induce excellent immune response to both the components and need to be evaluated in higher animals.
authors.affiliation: Hepatitis Department, National Institute of Virology, 130/1, Sus Road, Pashan, Pune 411021, Maharastra, India.
authors.forename: Shubham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shrivastava
authors.forename: Kavita S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lole
authors.forename: Anuradha S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Tripathy
authors.forename: Umesh S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Shaligram
authors.forename: Vidya A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Arankalle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008081:Liposomes / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D017778:Vaccines, Combined / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008081:Liposomes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines