Adipokines in type 1 diabetes after successful pancreas transplantation: normal visfatin and retinol-binding-protein-4, but increased total adiponectin fasting concentrations.
OBJECTIVE
In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), the release of many hormones, not only from beta-cells, but also from adipocytes (adipokines) may be altered. After successful pancreas-kidney-transplantation (PKTx), T1DM patients can revert to a nondiabetic metabolism, but it is unclear whether alterations of adipokines are still present after PKTx.


METHODS
Concentrations of adipokines [visfatin, retinol-binding protein-4 (RBP-4), adiponectin, high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin] were measured at fasting in 10 PKTx and in 19 T1DM. Nondiabetic healthy controls (CON, n = 9) and six nondiabetic patients after kidney transplantation (KTx) were examined as control groups. In PKTx, KTx and CON, indices of insulin sensitivity (OGIS) and beta cell function (adaptation index, AI) were calculated from 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) data.


RESULTS
Fasting serum visfatin (T1DM: 56 +/- 4 microg/l, PKTx: 42 +/- 6 microg/l, KTx: 39 +/- 3 microg/l, CON: 40 +/- 3 microg/l) and RBP-4 (T1DM: 490 +/- 26 microg/l, PKTx: 346 +/- 39 microg/l, KTx: 401 +/- 13 microg/l, CON: 359 +/- 36 microg/l) was increased by 40% and 36%, respectively (each P < 0.03) in T1DM only. Levels were positively correlated with HbA1c in all subjects (visfatin: r = 0.43, P < 0.004; RBP-4: r = 0.46, P < 0.03). Fasting plasma adiponectin was 80% higher in T1DM and in PKTx (T1DM: 18 +/- 2 mg/l, PKTx: 18 +/- 3 mg/l, KTx: 12 +/- 3 mg/l, CON: 10 +/- 1 mg/l; P < 0.04) and was positively correlated with diabetes duration (r = 0.37, P < 0.02). HMW/total adiponectin ratio was increased in T1DM (P < 0.02). PKTx displayed a normoglycaemic metabolism as insulin sensitive as CON, but AI was lower than in CON and KT (P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
T1DM after successful PKTx show normal fasting visfatin and RBP-4 levels and HMW-adiponectin/adiponectin-ratio, which are elevated in T1DM, whereas total adiponectin levels are similarly increased in T1DM and PKTx patients.
Stadler
Marietta
M
Hietzing Hospital, Third Medical Department of Metabolic Diseases and Nephrology, Vienna, Austria.
Storka
Angela
A
Theuer
Eva Anna
EA
Krebs
Michael
M
Vojtassakova
Elena
E
Nowotny
Peter
P
Pacini
Giovanni
G
Kästenbauer
Thomas
T
Luger
Anton
A
Prager
Rudolf
R
Wolzt
Michael
M
Anderwald
Christian
C
D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000502:physiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma / Q000032:analysis*; D015854:Up-Regulation
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; C101326:RBP4 protein, human; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human