title: Signalling through TLR2/MyD88 induces differentiation of murine bone marrow stem and progenitor cells to functional phagocytes in response to Candida albicans.
abstract: We have previously demonstrated that inactivated yeasts and hyphae of Candida albicans induce in vitro the proliferation of murine haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs, sorted as LKS cells: Lin(-) c-Kit(+) Sca-1(+)) as well as their differentiation to lineage-positive cells, through a MyD88-dependent pathway. In this work, we have found that this process is mainly mediated by TLR2, and that expanding cells express myeloid and not lymphoid markers. Incubation of long-term repopulating HSCs (Lin(-) CD105(+) and Sca-1(+)) with C. albicans yeasts resulted in their proliferation and up regulation of the common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) markers, CD34 and FcgammaRII/III, by a TLR2/MyD88-dependent signalling pathway. In addition, this TLR2/MyD88 signalling promotes the differentiation of CMPs and granulocyte and macrophage progenitors (GMPs) into cells with the morphology of macrophages and neutrophils, characterized by an increase in the expression of CD11b, F4/80 and Ly6G, independently of the presence of growth and differentiation factors. These differentiated cells were able to phagocytose C. albicans yeasts and to produce proinflammatory cytokines. In conclusion, C. albicans may be sensed by TLRs on haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells to promote the host capability for rapidly replenishing myeloid cells that constitute the first line of defence against C. albicans.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yáñez
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Murciano
authors.forename: José-Enrique
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gozalbo
authors.forename: M Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000378:metabolism; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D039481:CD11b Antigen; C480309:Ly6G antigen, mouse; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; C036763:monocyte-macrophage differentiation antigen