title: Comparison of ivermectin SR bolus, benzimidazole anthelmintics, and topical fenthion on productivity of stocker cattle from grazing through feedlot.
abstract: A study was conducted to determine the effect of different parasite control programs on weight gain and other measurements for stocker beef calves during the grazing season and subsequent feedlot phase of production. One hundred eighty recently weaned beef steers were purchased from a Mississippi sale barn and were allocated by restricted randomization on pretreatment weight to three treatments: (1) no anthelmintic treatment; treated only with a topical organophosphate (OP) during processing into the feedlot; (2) one benzimidazole (BZD) treatment at initiation of grazing, and a second given at the time of processing upon arrival at the feedlot, along with a topical OP; and (3) ivermectin sustained-release (SR) bolus administered at initiation of grazing, with no further treatment given at the feedlot. The cattle grazed separately by treatment for 125 days, with six replicated pastures per treatment; then were penned according to the same groupings after entry into the feedlot on day 127. Cattle were individually weighed at approximately 2-month intervals, and feed consumption was measured during the 167 days in the feedlot. Fecal nematode egg counts were individually monitored for all animals during both phases of the trial. Carcass weight, quality grade, yield grade, and the incidence of liver abscesses were recorded for each animal at slaughter. Cattle treated with the ivermectin SR bolus gained significantly (P < .05) more weight through the grazing period and from the start of grazing through the end of the feedlot phase than the controls or the cattle treated with BZD products. There were no significant differences in feed efficiency between any of the groups. Mean carcass weight for cattle treated with boluses was significantly (P < .05) greater than that of the controls and the group treated with BZD. Dressing percentage and quality grade were significantly (P < .05) higher for the BZD and bolus groups, and yield grade was slightly (but not significantly) better for each of these groups than for controls. Significantly (P < .05) fewer livers of cattle treated with boluses had abscesses at slaughter than did livers of controls or cattle treated with BZDs. During both phases of the trial, fecal egg counts were significantly (P < .05) lower for the group treated with boluses than for the untreated group or the group treated with BZD. These data indicate that treatment with boluses for parasite control at the beginning of the grazing period had beneficial effects on weight gain as compared to no anthelmintic treatment or treatment with a BZD at the start of grazing and again at the time of introduction into the feedlot. These bolus benefits were sustained through the feedlot phase of production and provided further improvements with significantly (P < .05) increased carcass weights. The bolus is a tool that can significantly increase the efficiency of production for cattle producers who retain ownership into the feedlot phase of production or feedlot operators who graze stockers before feedlot entry.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Box 9825, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA.
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Ballweber
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Bechtol
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alva
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Plue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005273:Fenbendazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005284:Fenthion / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005273:Fenbendazole; D007559:Ivermectin; D005284:Fenthion