title: Ultrasonographic and echobiometric findings in the eyes of Saanen goats of different ages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine ultrasonographic and echobiometric findings in the eyes of goats of different ages. B and A mode ultrasonography was performed in 55 healthy Saanen goats (110 eyes) of ages 45 (n = 15), 180 (n = 20), and 549 days (n = 20).
  
  
  METHODS
  Transcorneal ultrasonography was performed after instillation of a topical anesthetic and application of acoustic transmission gel on the 20-MHz linear transducer tip. The transducer was placed in a longitudinal position until optimal B scan images, according to echoes of A mode images, were obtained. Statistical analysis was carried out to compare the echobiometric readings among subjects (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The aqueous and vitreous humors of the goats, as well as the lens cortices and nuclei, appeared anechoic. The cornea, anterior and posterior lens capsule, sclera, and iris appeared hyperechoic and generated peaks on the A mode. Ocular measurements between the right and left eyes, as well as between male and female goats were not significantly different among subjects of the same age (P = 1.00). All dimensions evaluated increased significantly with age (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ultrasonographic appearances of goat eyes were very similar to those of other animal species. The cornea, anterior chamber, lens, vitreous chamber, and axial globe length increased with age in the Saanen breed of goats. Knowledge of the normal appearance and ocular dimensions of goat eyes facilitates the use of ultrasonography in the evaluation of ocular disease in Saanen goats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinic and Surgery, College of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, Sao Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Miguel L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Juliana P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Samule F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Izabelle A M A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Laus
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003315:Cornea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005123:Eye / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging