High content analysis of human fibroblast cell cultures after exposure to space radiation.
Space travel imposes risks to human health, in large part by the increased radiation levels compared to those on Earth. To understand the effects of space radiation on humans, it is important to determine the underlying cellular mechanisms. While general dosimetry describes average radiation levels accurately, it says little about the actual physiological impact and does not provide biological information about individual cellular events. In addition, there is no information about the nature and magnitude of a systemic response through extra- and intercellular communication. To assess the stress response in human fibroblasts that were sent into space with the Foton-M3 mission, we have developed a pluralistic setup to measure DNA damage and inflammation response by combining global and local dosimetry, image cytometry and multiplex array technology, thereby maximizing the scientific output. We were able to demonstrate a significant increase in DNA double-strand breaks, determined by a twofold increase of the gamma-H2AX signal at the level of the single cell and a threefold up-regulation of the soluble signal proteins CCL5, IL-6, IL-8, beta-2 microglobulin and EN-RAGE, which are key players in the process of inflammation, in the growth medium.
Dieriks
Birger
B
Laboratory for Bio-Imaging and Molecular Cytology, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
De Vos
Winnok
W
Meesen
Geert
G
Van Oostveldt
Kaat
K
De Meyer
Tim
T
Ghardi
Myriam
M
Baatout
Sarah
S
Van Oostveldt
Patrick
P
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded / Q000528:radiation effects; D053904:DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded / Q000528:radiation effects; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019044:Image Cytometry; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013026:Space Flight; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C468783:H2AX protein, human; D006657:Histones; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1