Assisted reproductive technologies to establish pregnancies in couples with an HIV-1-infected man.
For HIV -1-infected men and women the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HART) in 1996 led to a spectacular increase in life expectancy and quality of life. In Western society where HART is readily available, HIV -1 is now considered to be a chronic disease and as a consequence quality of life is an important aspect for men and women with HIV-1. Many of them express the desire to father or mother a child. Assisted reproductive technologies, including intrauterine insemination (IUI), in vitro fertilisation (IVF) and intracytoplasmatic sperm injection (ICSI) in combination with semen washing have been used to decrease the risk of HIV -1 transmission in HIV-1-infected discordant couples with an HIV-1-infected man. This article aims to summarise the current state of the art of assisted reproductive technologies for couples with an HIV -1-infected man and to discuss current trends and dilemmas in the treatment of these couples.
van Leeuwen
E
E
Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. e.vanleeuwen@amc.uva.nl
Repping
S
S
Prins
J M
JM
Reiss
P
P
van der Veen
F
F
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000187:drug effects*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted; D055101:Semen Analysis; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic