title: Plasma concentrations of growth arrest-specific protein 6 and protein S in patients with acute pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to clarify the changes in plasma concentrations of growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6) and protein S (PS) in patients with mild or severe acute pancreatitis (AP).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 29 consecutive patients with AP (24 males, five females; mean age, 54.8 +/- 15.0 years) and 20 healthy controls (10 males, 10 females; mean age, 53.0 +/- 15.3 years). Plasma concentrations of Gas6 and PS were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentration of Gas6 was significantly higher in both severe and mild AP than in healthy controls, and was significantly correlated with two of the multiple organ failure assessment scores. Furthermore, when compared with survivors, the concentrations of Gas6 in non-survivors of severe AP were significantly increased. The concentrations of free PS and total PS were significantly decreased compared with normal controls, but there was no difference between cases and controls in the concentrations of C4 binding protein-PS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma concentrations of Gas6 and PS correlate with disease severity. High concentrations of Gas6 reflect microcirculatory abnormalities, and phagocytosis of dying cells in sepsis associated with severe AP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, Ohtakionsen Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan. Ootaki_ph@jyoujinkai.or.jp
authors.forename: Soichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.forename: Katuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Mitiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sennshuu
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003181:Complement C4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004798:Enzymes / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000097:blood*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017293:Protein S / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000099255:Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003181:Complement C4; D004798:Enzymes; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D017293:Protein S; D000099255:Growth Arrest-Specific Protein 6