title: Seeing it coming: infants' brain responses to looming danger.
abstract: A fundamental property of most animals is the ability to see whether an object is approaching on a direct collision course and, if so, when it will collide. Using high-density electroencephalography in 5- to 11-month-old infants and a looming stimulus approaching under three different accelerations, we investigated how the young human nervous system extracts and processes information for impending collision. Here, we show that infants' looming related brain activity is characterised by theta oscillations. Source analyses reveal clear localised activity in the visual cortex. Analysing the temporal dynamics of the source waveform, we provide evidence that the temporal structure of different looming stimuli is sustained during processing in the more mature infant brain, providing infants with increasingly veridical time-to-collision information about looming danger as they grow older and become more mobile.
authors.affiliation: Developmental Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway. ruudw@svt.ntnu.no
authors.forename: F R Ruud
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: van der Weel
authors.forename: Audrey L H
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: van der Meer
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D014796:Visual Perception