title: A diabetes self-management program designed for urban American Indians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the American Indian population has a disproportionately high rate of type 2 diabetes, little has been written about culturally sensitive self-management programs in this population.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Community and clinic partners worked together to identify barriers to diabetes self-management and to provide activities and services as part of a holistic approach to diabetes self-management, called the Full Circle Diabetes Program.
  
  
  METHODS
  The program activities and services addressed 4 components of holistic health: body, spirit, mind, and emotion. Seven types of activities or services were available to help participants improve diabetes self-management; these included exercise classes, educational classes, and talking circles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ninety-eight percent of program enrollees participated in at least 1 activity, and two-thirds participated in 2 or more activities. Program participation resulted in a significant improvement in knowledge of resources for managing diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Full Circle Diabetes Program developed and implemented culturally relevant resources and supports for diabetes self-management in an American Indian population. Lessons learned included that a holistic approach to diabetes self-management, community participation, and stakeholder partnerships are needed for a successful program.
authors.affiliation: Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA. sbetsworth@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Toole
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brownson
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Plessel
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schauben
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003469:Culture; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*