title: Carotid angioplasty and stenting: lesion related treatment strategies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of lesion related treatment strategies in patients treated for severe carotid artery disease with angioplasty and stenting (CAS) under embolic protection devices (EPD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  From December 2001 to August 2004 a total of 377 consecutive patients were enrolled to undergo CAS. The procedure was conducted by using several types of stents (cobalt-alloy frame, nitinol frame) and of EPD (filter-wires, proximal endovascular clamping devices) applied to specific lesions and/or anatomies.Primary endpoint was to assess the death and stroke rate at discharge.Secondary endpoints were to test the feasibility and safety of tailored CAS (angiographic success, any -complication between discharge and 30 days, death of any cause at 30 days).The procedural success was achieved in 377/377 patients (100%).Adverse events included:1. during procedure: 2 TIAs (0.53%)2. at discharge: 1 death procedure related (0.27%), 1 major stroke (0.27%), 2 minor strokes (0.53%), 4 TIAs (1.06%), 1 intracranial hemorrhage (0.27%); all adverse event rate at discharge 2.92%; all strokes and death rate at discharge 1.06%;3. at 30 day f.u.: one death not procedure related (0.27%), 1 minor stroke (0.27%);4. overall procedure related stroke and death rate: 1.33%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that using new materials/devices matched to specific lesions or anatomies is safe and effective.
authors.affiliation: Interventional Cardio-Angiology Unit, Villa Maria Cecilia Hospital, Cotignola (RA), Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cremonesi
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Setacci
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manetti
authors.forename: Gianmarco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Donato
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Setacci
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balestra
authors.forename: Ignazio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Borghesi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Castriota