title: Leishmania major lipophosphoglycan: discrepancy in Toll-like receptor signaling.
abstract: Lipophosphoglycan (LPG) is structurally characterized by a series of phosphoglycan repeat units. Cellular LPG, isolated from promastigotes, has a very similar structure to culture supernatant LPG, but differs in the average number of phosphorylated oligosaccharide repeat units and in glycan composition. Comparison of these LPGs with capillary electrophoresis and immunoblotting indicate that these molecules are highly conserved structurally and composed of galactosylated Gal-Man repeats but their size and molecular weight are very different which is due to glycan portion. There are 30 and 20 repeat units in sLPG and mLPG, respectively. Both LPGs induced nitric oxide in macrophages cell line while sLPG had the higher stimulatory effect. In the presence of anti-TLR2 nitric oxide stimulated by LPG was reduced to control levels. In addition, in the presence of anti-TLR4, nitric oxide stimulated by LPGs was not affected. We propose that lipophosphoglycan induces nitric oxide production via TLR2 signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Shiraz, Shiraz, Iran.
authors.forename: Gholamreza
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kavoosi
authors.forename: Sussan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ardestani
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kariminia
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Alimohammadian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006028:Glycosphingolipids; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; C008290:lipophosphonoglycan; D009569:Nitric Oxide