Acute myelogenous leukemia in a child with HIV infection.
The occurrence of acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) in HIV-infected patients is extremely rare with only adult patients reported so far. Our patient was a 7-year-old male who presented with fever and cough since 1 month with six episodes of intermittent hemoptysis. The child also had recurrent parotid swellings, melena, and purulent otitis media. Investigations revealed anemia (hemoglobin of 8.9 g/dl), thrombocytopenia (platelet count of 21,000 cells per microliter), and positive HIV antibody (perinatal transmission). The patient's bone marrow aspiration and biopsy suggested AML, and the leukemia panel 1 study showed CD13, CD33, CD34, and HLA DR-positive AML with CD7 expression. The child was given supportive treatment but succumbed to the disease. AML can occur in pediatric patients with HIV infection. A high index of suspicion of hematological malignancies should be kept in mind for patients presenting with cytopenias. This is the first HIV-infected pediatric patient (<12 years) with AML reported in the medical literature.
Department of Pediatrics, T.N. Medical College & BYL Nair Hospital, Dr. A.L. Nair Road, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, India. milindtullu@vsnl.net
Milind S
MS
Tullu
Nitin B
NB
Date
Radha G
RG
Ghildiyal
Charusmita J
CJ
Modi
D002648:Child; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male