Family stress and parental responses to children's negative emotions: tests of the spillover, crossover, and compensatory hypotheses.
The relations between 4 sources of family stress (marital dissatisfaction, home chaos, parental depressive symptoms, and job role dissatisfaction) and the emotion socialization practice of mothers' and fathers' responses to children's negative emotions were examined. Participants included 101 couples with 7-year-old children. Dyadic analyses were conducted using the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model and relations were tested in terms of the spillover, crossover, and compensatory hypotheses. Results suggest that measures of family stress relate to supportive and nonsupportive parental responses, though many of these relations differ by parent gender. The results are discussed in terms of the 3 theoretical hypotheses, all of which are supported to some degree depending on the family stressor examined.
Nelson
Jackie A
JA
Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27402, USA. janelso3@uncg.edu
O'Brien
Marion
M
Blankson
A Nayena
AN
Calkins
Susan D
SD
Keane
Susan P
SP
D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D054541:Family Conflict / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support; D012951:Socialization; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*; D013598:Systems Theory