Nucleotide excision repair-induced H2A ubiquitination is dependent on MDC1 and RNF8 and reveals a universal DNA damage response.
Chromatin modifications are an important component of the of DNA damage response (DDR) network that safeguard genomic integrity. Recently, we demonstrated nucleotide excision repair (NER)-dependent histone H2A ubiquitination at sites of ultraviolet (UV)-induced DNA damage. In this study, we show a sustained H2A ubiquitination at damaged DNA, which requires dynamic ubiquitination by Ubc13 and RNF8. Depletion of these enzymes causes UV hypersensitivity without affecting NER, which is indicative of a function for Ubc13 and RNF8 in the downstream UV-DDR. RNF8 is targeted to damaged DNA through an interaction with the double-strand break (DSB)-DDR scaffold protein MDC1, establishing a novel function for MDC1. RNF8 is recruited to sites of UV damage in a cell cycle-independent fashion that requires NER-generated, single-stranded repair intermediates and ataxia telangiectasia-mutated and Rad3-related protein. Our results reveal a conserved pathway of DNA damage-induced H2A ubiquitination for both DSBs and UV lesions, including the recruitment of 53BP1 and Brca1. Although both lesions are processed by independent repair pathways and trigger signaling responses by distinct kinases, they eventually generate the same epigenetic mark, possibly functioning in DNA damage signal amplification.
Marteijn
Jurgen A
JA
Department of Genetics, Center for Biomedical Genetics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Bekker-Jensen
Simon
S
Mailand
Niels
N
Lans
Hannes
H
Schwertman
Petra
P
Gourdin
Audrey M
AM
Dantuma
Nico P
NP
Lukas
Jiri
J
Vermeulen
Wim
W
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D000071857:Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D054875:Ubiquitination; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D019313:BRCA1 Protein; C492913:BRCA1 protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C413163:MDC1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C486521:RNF8 protein, human; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C498301:TP53BP1 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000071857:Tumor Suppressor p53-Binding Protein 1; C086984:XPC protein, human; D004247:DNA; C471607:UBE2N protein, human; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C576597:ATR protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases