Prevalence of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis in Vladimir and Orel regions, Russia.
METHODS
Joint World Health Organization (WHO) projects in Vladimir and Orel regions, Russia.


OBJECTIVE
To study the prevalence of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis (TB).


METHODS
Drug susceptibility testing of second-line drugs (ofloxacin, kanamycin, capreomycin, ethionamide, cycloserine and para-aminosalicylic acid) was performed on isolates from multidrug-resistant TB cases from 1 January to 31 December 2006.


RESULTS
In Orel, 16 (21.3%) of 75 tested isolates were XDR-TB; in Vladimir, 9 (4.9%) of 182 isolates were XDR-TB. Bilateral lung involvement was significantly associated with XDR-TB (prevalence ratio = 2.61, 95%CI 1.01-6.72).


CONCLUSIONS
XDR-TB has emerged in Russia. It is crucial to prevent, diagnose and treat TB and MDR-TB more effectively.
Punga
V V
VV
Central TB Research Institute of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation.
Jakubowiak
W M
WM
Danilova
I D
ID
Somova
T R
TR
Volchenkov
G V
GV
Kazionnyy
B Y
BY
Nemtsova
E S
ES
Kiryanova
E V
EV
Kourbatova
E V
EV
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014944:World Health Organization; D055815:Young Adult
D000995:Antitubercular Agents