Survey of psychological support for bereaved families in Japan.
BACKGROUND
The aim of the present study was to investigate the current conditions of psychological support for the families of children who died suddenly of disease or accident.


METHODS
A questionnaire survey was conducted in 2415 medical facilities across the country that have at least 100 beds and are staffed by pediatricians. Of these, 981 facilities (40.6%) responded to the questionnaire.


RESULTS
There were 653 infant deaths soon after admission in 254 facilities (25.9%). For pronouncement of death, approximately 43% of the pediatricians made no attempt to provide psychological support for the family members affected. In contrast, some 53% of the pediatricians did offer psychological support. In self-assessments, approximately 53% of the pediatricians stated that the support was 'not very satisfactory' or 'unsatisfactory', while only 28% considered that they were 'fully satisfied with the help being given'. Reasons for this response were appropriate specialized knowledge, and enough time for such tasks. The proportion of institutions that employed staff specializing in psychological support for families was only 7%. Approximately 83% of institutions without such specialist staff, however, acknowledged the need for them. The number of medical facilities that gave information regarding family support associations to bereaved families was very low (11%).


CONCLUSIONS
Psychological support for families of children who died shortly after entering hospital cannot be characterized as satisfactory. The provision of grief care by family associations is desirable, and the cooperation of the institutions and family associations is important.
Nishimaki
Shigeru
S
Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan. shigenis@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
Higuchi
Rumiko
R
Nakajima
Shoko
S
Miyamae
Takako
T
Goto
Hiroaki
H
Mori
Masaaki
M
Yokota
Shumpei
S
D001601:Bereavement; D002648:Child; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D017051:Hospice Care; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires