Activation of cytosolic phospholipase A2alpha by epidermal growth factor (EGF) and phorbol ester in HeLa cells: different effects of inhibitors for EGF receptor, protein kinase C, Src, and C-Raf.
In several types of cancer cells, prostaglandins produced via the over-expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and cyclooxygenases regulate cell growth. We investigated the signaling mechanisms for the release of arachidonic acid (AA, a precursor for prostaglandins) in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells. Treatment with EGF and 4beta-phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) with A23187 released AA accompanied by the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2). Pharmacological experiments showed that the responses (ERK phosphorylation and AA release) induced by EGF and PMA were mediated by a mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK)-ERK-alpha-type cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)alpha) pathway and that EGFR couples with the pathway in a manner insensitive to sorafenib, an inhibitor of B- and C-Raf, enzymes upstream of MEK. Activation of protein kinase C by PMA couples with the pathway partly in a sorafenib-sensitive and probably C-Raf-mediated manner and partly in a family of Src tyrosine kinases (Src)-dependent and sorafenib-insensitive manner. Co-treatment with sorafenib and an inhibitor of Src family members additionally inhibited the PMA-induced release of AA. Cross-talk between EGFR and protein kinase C was not observed. In human lung carcinoma A549 cells, the release of AA by EGF was insensitive to sorafenib. Possible mechanisms for the sorafenib-insensitive activation of the MEK-ERK-cPLA(2)alpha pathway are discussed.
Matsuzawa
Yasuo
Y
Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University School of Medicine, Sakura Hospital, Sakura City, Chiba, Japan.
Kiuchi
Yoshiaki
Y
Toyomura
Kaori
K
Matsumoto
Ikiru
I
Nakamura
Hiroyuki
H
Fujino
Hiromichi
H
Murayama
Toshihiko
T
Kawashima
Tatsuo
T
D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D054513:Group IV Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000077157:Sorafenib; D013696:Temperature; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D000077157:Sorafenib; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D054513:Group IV Phospholipases A2; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate