Comparison of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine gel on oral bacterial lipopolysaccharide reduction from primarily infected root canals.
BACKGROUND
This clinical study was conducted to compare the efficacy of chemomechanical preparation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gel on eliminating oral bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis.


METHODS
Fifty-four root canals were selected. Samples were collect before (s1) and after chemomechanical preparation (s2). Teeth were randomly divided into groups: GI, 2.5% NaOCl (n = 27) and GII, CHX gel (n = 27). Limulus amebocyte lysate assay was used to quantify endotoxins.


RESULTS
Endotoxin was present in 100% of the samples investigated, with a median value of 272 endotoxin units (EU)/mL (GI) and of 152.46 EU/mL (GII). As a result of chemomechanical preparation, LPS content was reduced to a median value of 86 EU/mL (GI) and 85 EU/mL (GII). Higher percentage value of endotoxin reduction was found in GI (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
The 2.5% NaOCl and 2% CHX gel were not effective in eliminating endotoxin from the primarily infected root canals.
Gomes
Brenda P F A
BP
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontic Division, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil. bpgomes@fop.unicamp.br
Martinho
Frederico C
FC
Vianna
Morgana E
ME
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D004731:Endotoxins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002710:Chlorhexidine