Dengue vaccine candidates in development.
Each of the DENV serotypes can cause the full spectrum of dengue illness. Epidemiological studies have implicated preexisting heterotypic DENV antibody as a risk factor for more severe disease upon secondary DENV infection. For these reasons, a successful DENV vaccine must protect against all four DENV serotypes. Live attenuated DENV vaccine candidates are the furthest along in development and clinical evaluation. Two live attenuated tetravalent vaccine candidates are in Phase 2 clinical trials in DENV endemic regions. Numerous other vaccine candidates including inactivated whole virus, recombinant subunit protein, DNA and virus-vectored vaccines are also under development. Those DENV vaccine candidates that have been evaluated in preclinical animal models or in clinical trials will be discussed.
Durbin
Anna P
AP
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, USA. adurbin@jhsph.edu
Whitehead
Stephen S
SS
D000818:Animals; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D003715:Dengue / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053059:Dengue Vaccines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D004666:Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D053059:Dengue Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated