Posttraumatic stress disorder and depression as comorbid disorders.
BACKGROUND
Depression is the most frequent disorder of today. It is unique for the fact that it can become a comorbid illness with almost any other psychiatric disorder. Premorbid depression is also a risk factor for the development of PTSD, while at the same time traumatic experience is a risk factor for the development of depression. These facts show us that a close connection between these two diagnostic entities exists. Aim of this research was to analyze the levels of depressiveness in patients that were hospitalized and patients that were treated in the Day hospital. Also, to establish the connection of age, time spent in combat (war), length of treatment and number of hospitalizations with the results from the Beck's depression inventory.


METHODS
Participants were divided into two groups, 36 patients that were treated for PTSD in a hospital setting and 64 patients that were treated in the Day hospital. Participants completed Beck's self-evaluation inventory for depression, as it assesses the degree of depression.


RESULTS
Two groups did not differ regarding to age, time spent in combat (war), the length of treatment and level of depressiveness assessed by Beck's depression inventory. Score on Beck's depression inventory was significantly positively correlated with the age of participants and the number of hospitalizations. Older participants and participants that were hospitalized more often score higher on Beck's depression inventory.


CONCLUSIONS
Results show that there is no difference between the two groups of participants of differing levels of depressiveness, but depression most often presents as severe depression in both groups of participants. Older participants and participants that were hospitalized more often are more depressed. This research points to the fact that it is necessary to treat PTSD and depression at the same time, because parallel treatment of these comorbid disorders leads to a decrease of the rate of suicide, due to the fact that depression is often the leading cause of suicide.
Ljubicić
Dulijano
D
Psychiatry Clinic of KBC Rijeka, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia. g_ljubicic@yahoo.com
Peitl
Marija Vucić
MV
Peitl
Vjekoslav
V
Ljubicić
Rudolf
R
Filipović
Biljana
B
D000328:Adult; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D017523:Croatia; D003631:Day Care, Medical; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission; D010359:Patient Readmission; D010555:Personality Inventory