Reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels during statin therapy is associated with a reduced incidence of advanced colon polyps.
BACKGROUND
Elevated serum cholesterol levels may stimulate proliferation in adenomatous polyps (AP). Our aim was to determine how a reduction of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in patients taking statins influences the incidence of APs.


METHODS
We performed a retrospective study of patients taking statins who were found to have > or =1 APs on an index colonoscopy, and who also had a follow-up colonoscopy within 3 to 5 years. Patients were divided into 2 groups: (1) those with > or =30% reduction in LDL levels and (2) those with < 30% reduction in LDL levels during the interval between colonoscopies. Univariate and multivariate analysis were evaluated for their association with advanced APs.


RESULTS
We identified 231 patients. Univariate analysis showed that patients with > or =30% LDL reduction had fewer mean total numbers of APs (2.6 versus 3.3, P = 0.02), fewer advanced APs (14% versus 26%, P = 0.04), and smaller APs (5 mm versus 6.1 mm, P = 0.01) than those with <30% reduction in LDL. Multiple logistic regression analysis confirmed that > or =30% LDL reduction was associated with smaller APs (P < 0.01). Subjects with > or =30% LDL reduction also had a 53% reduced incidence of advanced APs (OR, 0.47; CI, 0.22-0.96; P < 0.05). These findings remained significant even when adjusted for nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug use, age, family history of APs, and body mass index.


CONCLUSIONS
A reduction in LDL levels of > or=30% during a 3- to 5-year period of statin therapy was associated with a 53% reduction in the incidence of advanced APs, even after adjustment for other known polyp risk factors.
Siddiqui
Ali
A
Department of Internal Medicine, Dallas Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75216, USA. ali.siddiqui@utsouthwestern.edu
Nazario
Hector E
HE
Patel
Mahir
M
Mahgoub
Amar
A
Spechler
Stuart J
SJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003113:Colonoscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors