Primary photoinduced protein response in bacteriorhodopsin and sensory rhodopsin II.
Essential for the biological function of the light-driven proton pump, bacteriorhodopsin (BR), and the light sensor, sensory rhodopsin II (SRII), is the coupling of the activated retinal chromophore to the hosting protein moiety. In order to explore the dynamics of this process we have performed ultrafast transient mid-infrared spectroscopy on isotopically labeled BR and SRII samples. These include SRII in D(2)O buffer, BR in H(2)(18)O medium, SRII with (15)N-labeled protein, and BR with (13)C(14)(13)C(15)-labeled retinal chromophore. Via observed shifts of infrared difference bands after photoexcitation and their kinetics we provide evidence for nonchromophore bands in the amide I and the amide II region of BR and SRII. A band around 1550 cm(-1) is very likely due to an amide II vibration. In the amide I region, contributions of modes involving exchangeable protons and modes not involving exchangeable protons can be discerned. Observed bands in the amide I region of BR are not due to bending vibrations of protein-bound water molecules. The observed protein bands appear in the amide I region within the system response of ca. 0.3 ps and in the amide II region within 3 ps, and decay partially in both regions on a slower time scale of 9-18 ps. Similar observations have been presented earlier for BR5.12, containing a nonisomerizable chromophore (R. Gross et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 7851-7860). Thus, the results suggest a common mechanism for ultrafast protein response in the artificial and the native system besides isomerization, which could be induced by initial chromophore polarization.
University of Kaiserslautern, Department of Physics, Erwin-Schrodinger-Strasse, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Ruth
R
Gross
Matthias M N
MM
Wolf
Christian
C
Schumann
Noga
N
Friedman
Mordechai
M
Sheves
Lin
L
Li
Martin
M
Engelhard
Oliver
O
Trentmann
H Ekkehard
HE
Neuhaus
Rolf
R
Diller
D000042:Absorption / Q000528:radiation effects; D000577:Amides / Q000378:metabolism; D001436:Bacteriorhodopsins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002021:Buffers; D007536:Isomerism; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D007700:Kinetics; D008027:Light; D025603:Sensory Rhodopsins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
D000577:Amides; D002021:Buffers; D025603:Sensory Rhodopsins; D014867:Water; D001436:Bacteriorhodopsins