Efficacy of components from leaves of Calophyllum brasiliense against Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis.
Leishmanicide potential of Calophyllum brasiliense leaves on promastigote and amastigote of Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis is evaluated. The LD(50) of dichloromethane extract and hexane fraction for promastigotes was respectively 40 microg/ml and 20 microg/ml. In mouse peritoneal macrophages infected with Leishmania amastigotes the Infection Index decreased respectively 100% and 84.2% in 80 microg/ml and 40 microg/ml concentrations of dichloromethane extract. Hexane fraction decreased infection index respectively by 98.7% and 91.3% within the same concentrations. It was found that pretreatment with dichloromethane extract or with hexane fraction of experimentally infected BALB/c mice decrease the volume of the lesions by L. (L.) amazonensis. Moreover, animals treated topically also revealed healing lesions. Besides, the parasite load in the animals' popliteal lymph nodes was significantly reduced in treated animals, showing that plant components actually control infection. Results show that crude extract and hexane fraction of C. brasiliense reveal a significant in vitro and in vivo leishmanicide activity.
Honda
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PA
Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Avenida Colombo 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, Paraná, Brazil.
Ferreira
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IC
Cortez
D A G
DA
Amado
C A B
CA
Silveira
T G V
TG
Brenzan
M A
MA
Lonardoni
M V C
MV
D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029759:Calophyllum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects*; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000469:parasitology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves
D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts