The mode of antistaphylococcal action of Eleutherine americana.
The anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (anti-MRSA) activity and the possible mechanism of action of a crude extract from red bulbs of Eleutherine americana Merr. were investigated. The crude ethanolic extract from E. americana produced minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 62.5-1000 and 250 microg mL(-1) against MRSA isolates and the reference strains, respectively. Treatment of S. aureus ATCC 27664 with a crude extract at 2MIC reduced the inoculum size by 5 log at 24 h compared with the control. The combined effect of the extract and 7.5% NaCl on the enterotoxin-producing ATCC strain resulted in no detection of organisms within 24 h compared with the control. The release of cell materials after extract treatment was determined by measuring OD(260 nm), the treatment resulted in cytoplasmic leakage. Determination of OD(620 nm) showed that the extract did not cause gross cell wall damage. However, observation of S. aureus cells under an electron microscope after treatment with 2MIC and 4MIC of the crude extract revealed that the extract caused damage to membrane morphology. A knowledge of the mechanism of action of the E. americana extract may offer useful hints in the search for novel antibacterial substance.
Ifesan
Beatrice Olawumi Temilade
BO
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Joycharat
Nantiya
N
Voravuthikunchai
Supayang Piyawan
SP
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002452:Cell Count; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D027621:Iridaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012965:Sodium Chloride