Human PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator is a novel PITX2-interacting protein that regulates PITX2 transcriptional activity in ocular cells.
Mutations in the homeobox transcription factor PITX2 result in Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome (ARS), which is associated with anterior segment dysgenesis and an increased risk of glaucoma. To understand the pathogenesis of the defects resulting from PITX2 mutations, it is essential to know the normal functions of PITX2 and its interaction with the network of proteins in the eye. Yeast two-hybrid screening was performed using a cDNA library from a human trabecular meshwork primary cell line to detect novel PITX2-interacting proteins and study their role in ARS pathogenesis. After screening of approximately 1 x 10(6) clones, one putative interacting protein was identified named PRKC apoptosis WT1 regulator (PAWR). This interaction was further confirmed by retransformation assay in yeast cells as well as co-immunoprecipitation in ocular cells and nickel pulldown assay in vitro. PAWR is reportedly a proapoptotic protein capable of selectively inducing apoptosis primarily in cancer cells. Our analysis indicates that the homeodomain and the adjacent inhibitory domain in PITX2 interact with the C-terminal leucine zipper domain of PAWR. Endogenous PAWR and PITX2 were found to be located in the nucleus of ocular cells and to co-localize in the mesenchyme of the iridocorneal angle of the developing mouse eye, consistent with a role in the development of the anterior segment of the eye. PAWR was also found to inhibit PITX2 transcriptional activity in ocular cells. These data suggest PAWR is a novel PITX2-interacting protein that regulates PITX2 activity in ocular cells. This information sheds new light in understanding ARS and associated glaucoma pathogenesis.
Acharya
Moulinath
M
Department of Medical Genetics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
Lingenfelter
David J
DJ
Huang
Lijia
L
Gage
Philip J
PJ
Walter
Michael A
MA
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D005123:Eye / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014129:Trabecular Meshwork / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D000097577:Homeobox Protein PITX2
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000097577:Homeobox Protein PITX2; C101296:prostate apoptosis response-4 protein