Word integration and regression programming during reading: a test of the E-Z reader 10 model.
Participants read sentences with two types of target nouns, one that did and one that did not require a determiner to form a legal verb-noun phrase sequence. Sentences were presented with and without the critical determiner to create a local noun integration difficulty when a required determiner was missing. The absence of a required determiner did not influence 1st-pass reading of the verb, the noun, and the posttarget word. It did, however, have a profound effect on 2nd-pass reading. All three words were a likely target of a regression when a required determiner was missing, and the noun and the posttarget word were likely sources of a regression. These results are consistent with novel E-Z reader model assumptions, according to which identification of the noun should be followed by its integration, and integration difficulties can lead to the initiation of a regression to the noun. However, integration difficulties influenced eye movements earlier and later than predicted by the new model.
Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, State University of New York, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA. inhoff@binghamton.edu
Albrecht W
AW
Inhoff
Seth N
SN
Greenberg
Matthew
M
Solomon
Chin-An
CA
Wang
D032882:Comprehension; D005133:Eye Movements; D006801:Humans; D008606:Mental Processes; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011932:Reading; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012660:Semantics; D014825:Vocabulary