Analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of Cassia siamea Lam. stem bark extracts.
OBJECTIVE
The present study was carried out to investigate analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities of Cassia siamea Lam stem bark extracts. We have also determined the cytotoxicity of each extract.


METHODS
C. siamea, a widespread medicinal plant traditionally used in sub-Saharan Africa, was collected in Congo Brazzaville. Stem bark was extracted with petroleum ether (CSE1), chloroform (CSE2), ethanol (CSE3) and water (CSE4). Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic activities of these extracts were assessed in rats with hot plate test, paw pressure and carrageenan induced paw oedema. Cytotoxicity was assessed against KB and Vero cells.


RESULTS
At the doses used (100, 200, and 400mg/kg) ethanol and water extracts showed significant and dose-dependent analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. None of the extracts had cytotoxic activity on KB and Vero cell lines and the most active extracts (CSE3 and CSE4) had no acute toxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
The study highlighted the analgesic and anti-inflammatory of C. siamea stem bark. Four major families of compounds present in the plant may explain these activities: triterpenes (lupeol, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid, friedelin, betulin), flavonoids (apigenin, kaempferol, luteolin), anthraquinones (emodin), phytosterols (stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol).
Laboratoire de Biochimie et Pharmacologie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, Brazzaville, BP 69, Congo.
G F
GF
Nsonde Ntandou
J T
JT
Banzouzi
B
B
Mbatchi
R D G
RD
Elion-Itou
A W
AW
Etou-Ossibi
S
S
Ramos
F
F
Benoit-Vical
A A
AA
Abena
J M
JM
Ouamba
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003223:Congo; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007624:KB Cells; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D029846:Senna Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D014709:Vero Cells
D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010936:Plant Extracts