Correlation of nosocomial bloodstream infection incidences: an ecological study.
This study aimed to correlate nosocomial bloodstream infections (NBIs) across time against the ecological effect of infection control activities. All patients hospitalised >or=48h in the haematology and intensive care departments of a university hospital and discharged between 1 January 2004 and 30 June 2006 were prospectively included. The case definition of NBI infection was: (1) at least one positive blood culture justified by clinical signs, or (2) at least two positive blood cultures when the micro-organism was one of the following: coagulase-negative staphylococci, Bacillus spp. (except Bacillus anthracis), Corynebacterium spp., Propionibacterium spp., Micrococcus spp., or other commensal with similar pathogenicity, if occurring >or=48h after patient admission. NBI incidences were correlated in quarterly intervals using Spearman's test and linear regression. In total, 3829 patients accounting for 46 474 patient-days at risk were included. We identified 101 NBIs in intensive care and 286 NBIs in haematology. There was a correlation between NBI incidence in haematology with the NBI incidence in intensive care (r=0.68, P=0.042). The linear model for NBI incidences between departments was R(2)=0.52, with a positive trend (P=0.029). A common determinant such as improved hygiene measures is the most likely reason for this association.
Service d'Hygiène, Epidémiologie et Prévention, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006405:Hematology; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged