Cytogenetic study of myelodysplastic syndrome from India.
OBJECTIVE
Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) represents a group of clonal haematological disorders characterized by progressive cytopenia reflecting defects in erythroid, myeloid and megakaryocytic maturation. The incidence of MDS is more in older age groups and frequent chromosome abnormalities reported to be monosomies 5 and 7. However, the data on cytogenetic changes in Indian MDS patients are scanty. The present study was therefore undertaken to study the aetiology and frequency of chromosomal changes in MDS patients, attending a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra, India.


METHODS
The study was carried out in 145 MDS patients for six years (2001-2006) at National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India. The patients were diagnosed according to FAB and WHO classification. Cytogenetic study was carried out using GTG-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) methods. Statistical analysis was done with Chi(2) and Fisher's exact test.


RESULTS
Chromosomal abnormalities, including novel chromosome aberrations were detected in 54.48 per cent MDS patients and frequency of chromosomal aberrations increased with increase in age (> or = 30 yr). Among occupational exposure factors, chromosomal aberrations significantly (P<0.05) associated with pesticides exposure.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings showed 54.48 per cent chromosome abnormalities including novel chromosome aberrations in MDS patients and these chromosome aberrations were increased with advancing age. In our series a high frequency of younger population (53%) developed MDS, a detailed molecular genetics and aetiological factors need to be studied.
National Institute of Immunohaematology (ICMR), Mumbai, India.
Babu Rao
BR
Vundinti
Lily
L
Kerketta
Farah
F
Jijina
K
K
Ghosh
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced; D003582:Cytogenetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects