Impact of neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy on bronchial tissue viability.
OBJECTIVE
In the treatment of advanced stages of lung cancer, increasingly more multimodality approaches applying radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy in a neo-adjuvant setting are being introduced. The impact of induction therapy, especially radiotherapy, on bronchial tissue viability has not been investigated so far.


METHODS
In 2008, we determined the tissue viability of bronchial segments obtained during surgery in 45 consecutive patients, including patients after neo-adjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCTX). Bronchial tissue viability was analysed by histology, life-dead assay and cell proliferation in tissue-specific culture media. Biomedical findings were compared with the clinical course of the patients.


RESULTS
Tissue samples of 44 patients were included into this study. Fourteen patients (32%) had undergone neo-adjuvant RCTX. Histology and life-dead assay of the bronchial segments did not show significant differences. While patient age, sex, tumour entity and site of resection had no influence on cell proliferation in vitro, previous RCTX resulted in a 46% decrease of bronchial tissue viability (P=0.01). However, this effect was not reflected by the clinical course of the operated patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Neo-adjuvant RCTX reduces bronchial tissue viability substantially. However, this impairment does not necessarily translate into an increased rate of postoperative bronchial insufficiencies. Standard histological work-up is not sensitive enough to characterise changes in bronchial tissue viability following RCTX.
Hampel
Martina
M
University of Stuttgart, Institute for Interfacial Engineering, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
Dally
Iris
I
Walles
Thorsten
T
Steger
Volker
V
Veit
Stefanie
S
Kyriss
Thomas
T
Friedel
Godehard
G
D000368:Aged; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques