Intersections between adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Reproductive failure in a variety of forms, whether it be infertility, miscarriage, pre-eclampsia, prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction, may aggregate within individuals. This observation, although rarely studied, suggests that single pathophysiologies may be associated with a variety of reproductive morbidities. In this review, hyperimmune responsiveness to pregnancy is provided as one example of a process leading to a multitude of adverse impacts on healthy childbearing. Further research on reproductive failure as a spectrum is warranted.
Ness
Roberta B
RB
University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Room 517 Parran Hall, 130 DeSoto Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA. repro@edc.pitt.edu.