Anti-inflammatory properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles.
The valence and oxygen defect properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) suggest that they may act as auto-regenerative free radical scavengers. Overproduction of the free radical nitric oxide (NO) by the enzyme inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) has been implicated as a critical mediator of inflammation. NO is correlated with disease activity and contributes to tissue destruction. The ability of nanoceria to scavenge free radicals, or reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibit inflammatory mediator production in J774A.1 murine macrophages is investigated. Cells internalize nanoceria, the treatment is nontoxic, and oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory iNOS protein expression are abated with stimulation. In vivo studies show nanoceria deposition in mouse tissues with no pathogenicity. Taken together, it is suggested that cerium oxide nanoparticles are well tolerated in mice and are incorporated into cellular tissues. Furthermore, nanoceria may have the potential to reduce ROS production in states of inflammation and therefore serve as a novel therapy for chronic inflammation.
Center for Molecular Medicine and Infectious Diseases (CMMID), 1410 Prices Fork Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA.
Suzanne M
SM
Hirst
Ajay S
AS
Karakoti
Ron D
RD
Tyler
Nammalwar
N
Sriranganathan
Sudipta
S
Seal
Christopher M
CM
Reilly
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D002460:Cell Line; D002563:Cerium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002563:Cerium; C030583:ceric oxide