Bone formation on apatite-coated titanium with incorporated BMP-2/heparin in vivo.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to investigate whether the in vivo osteoinductive activity of an implant material is enhanced by covering the surface of apatite with incorporated bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and heparin which maintains the activity of BMP-2.


METHODS
Titanium implants were alkaline treated, heat activated, and soaked in stimulated body fluid with or without BMP-2/heparin to coat the apatite around them. Treated implant bars were then implanted in rat tibiae. After 3 weeks, nondecalcified sections were prepared and the new bone formation around the implants was examined.


RESULTS
A greater amount of bone formed on the apatite-coated implants containing BMP-2/heparin than on apatite-coated implants containing BMP, with >or=3 microg/mL heparin. Apatite-coated titanium implants with BMP-2/heparin had significantly enhanced new endosteal bone formation, with increases vertically (134%) and horizontally (124%).


CONCLUSIONS
Bone formation was stimulated around the apatite-covered titanium coated with BMP-2/heparin, which may be useful in improving implant therapy.
Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan.
Toru
T
Ishibe
Tetsuya
T
Goto
Takashi
T
Kodama
Toshiki
T
Miyazaki
Shigeru
S
Kobayashi
Tetsu
T
Takahashi
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000502:physiology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014025:Titanium
D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D006493:Heparin; D014025:Titanium