Predictors of early adult outcomes in pediatric-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine the childhood clinical predictors of early adult outcomes in pediatric-onset obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to assess whether dimensional subtypes of OCD and the presence of comorbid tic symptoms influence long-term outcomes.


METHODS
We conducted a longitudinal cohort study in which 45 of 62 eligible children with OCD were reassessed an average of 9 years later, in early adulthood. Main outcome measures included expert-rated, obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptom severity and time to remission of OC symptoms. Baseline clinical characteristics were evaluated in terms of their influence on OCD severity in adulthood and time to remission of OC symptoms.


RESULTS
Forty-four percent of subjects were determined to have subclinical OC symptoms at the follow-up evaluation. The absence of a comorbid tic disorder and the presence of prominent hoarding symptoms were associated with the persistence of OCD symptoms. Female gender, earlier age at childhood assessment, later age of OCD onset, more-severe childhood OCD symptoms, and comorbid oppositional defiant disorder also were associated with persistence of OCD symptoms into adulthood.


CONCLUSIONS
These results confirm that a significant proportion of treated children with OCD experience remission by adulthood. The presence of comorbid tics heralds a positive outcome, whereas primary hoarding symptoms are associated with persistent OCD.
Bloch
Michael H
MH
Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 2070900, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. michael.bloch@yale.edu
Craiglow
Brittany G
BG
Landeros-Weisenberger
Angeli
A
Dombrowski
Philip A
PA
Panza
Kaitlyn E
KE
Peterson
Bradley S
BS
Leckman
James F
JF
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult