The effects of Gemcitabine and Vinorelbine on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) distribution of MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Gemcitabine, which induces S-phase arrest, and Vinorelbine, which arrests microtubule organization, are two agents that have demonstrate preferred anti-tumor activity. Nitric oxide acts in diverse functions including anti-tumor and anti-pathogenic activities. In this study, we aimed to examine the distribution of immunoreactivities of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in cells of the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line in response to treatment with Gemcitabine (G), Vinorelbine (V) and combination of Gemcitabine and Vinorelbine (G+V). The distributions of iNOS and eNOS were determined by using indirect immunoperoxidase or immunofluorescence methods and ELISA. Cells incubated with G, V and G+V for 24, 48 and 72h were immunolabelled with anti-eNOS and anti-iNOS primary antibodies. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL assay. A significant increase of eNOS immunolabelling on MCF-7 cells treated with G and G+V was observed. Apoptotic cells were also detected in G, V and G+V treated MCF-7 cells. The immunolabelling of iNOS was detected in all groups but this immunoreactivity was not different among the groups. In conclusion, while G treatment, induced S-phase arrest, triggered the NOS pathway after treatment of MCF-7 cells, V treatment, arrested microtubule organization and did not change the NOS pathway. Detection of increased eNOS immunolabelling and apoptosis after G treatment of MCF-7 cells could be important to the treatment of human breast cancer.
Zeybek
Naciye Dilara
ND
Hacettepe University, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey. dilaraz@hacettepe.edu.tr
Inan
Sevinc
S
Ekerbicer
Nuran
N
Vatansever
Hafize Seda
HS
Karakaya
Jale
J
Muftuoglu
Sevda Fatma
SF
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077235:Vinorelbine; D000093542:Gemcitabine
D003841:Deoxycytidine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014747:Vinblastine; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D000077235:Vinorelbine; D000093542:Gemcitabine