Lindane-induced cytotoxicity and the role of vitamin E in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO-K1) cells.
Lindane, a toxic insecticide from the persistent organic pollutants (POP's) group, may act as an endocrine disrupter affecting crucial tissues of reproductive system. In this study a Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line (CHO-K1) was applied to assess the potential of lindane cytotoxicity at the cellular level. The methods of Trypan blue exclusion, MTT and Kenacid blue assays were used to assess cytotoxicity and confirmed a decrease in the number of viable CHO-K1 cells at 34.4-344 microM lindane during 24, 48 and 72 hours of exposure. The cell proliferation tests showed significant inhibition (p < 0.025-0.001 vs control) and a progressive increase in toxicity with increasing lindane concentrations. Corresponding IC(50) values were determined with each applied method. After 72 h of lindane exposure, IC(50) values were 184 microM according to the Trypan blue method and 272 and 256 microM with the Kenacid blue and MTT assays, respectively. Morphological changes induced by the cytotoxicity of lindane were followed by the fluorescence microscopy and only necrotic cells were detected. Vitamin E (25 and 50 microg/mL) was used for protection of ovarian cells against lidane-induced oxidative stress damage, and lipid peroxidation was postulated as a possible mechanism of lindane toxicity. The viability of cells pre-incubated with vitamin E was significantly enhanced (up to p < 0.025) compared to the results observed in cells exposed to lindane only, but vitamin E treatment could not prevent complete lindane-induced cytotoxicity. Results suggest that vitamin E may exert a slightly protective role in cell defense against lipophilic pro-oxidant xenobiotics such as lindane.
Faculty of Food Technology and Biotechnology, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
Ivana
I
Kmetic
Kristina
K
Radosević
Teuta
T
Murati
Branimir
B
Simić
Zlatko
Z
Kniewald
Jasna
J
Kniewald
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D019610:Cytoprotection; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000633:toxicity*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000975:Antioxidants; D007306:Insecticides; D016877:Oxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane