Understanding type 2 diabetes: including the family member's perspective.
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between psychological and social factors and diabetes outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes and their family members.



A total of 153 patients with type 2 diabetes were assessed at a diabetes outpatient clinic and postal questionnaires were sent to nominated family members. The measures examined were diabetes knowledge, social support, well-being, and illness perceptions.



When compared with those with diabetes, family members reported lower positive well-being and lower levels of satisfaction with support. They also perceived diabetes as a more cyclical illness, which was controlled more by treatment than by the individual. Family members also reported that the person with diabetes was more emotionally distressed and knew more about diabetes than the patient had actually reported himself or herself. There were no differences between the family members of those in good or poor glycaemic control.



This study reinforces the importance of understanding social context and illness beliefs in diabetes management. It also highlights the potential for including family members in discussions and education about diabetes management.
White
Patricia
P
The Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Dr White, Dr Smith, Dr O’Dowd)
Smith
Susan M
SM
The Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Dr White, Dr Smith, Dr O’Dowd)
Hevey
David
D
The School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Dr Hevey)
O'Dowd
Thomas
T
The Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland (Dr White, Dr Smith, Dr O’Dowd)
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires