Inverse relation between dietary fiber intake and visceral adiposity in overweight Latino youth.
BACKGROUND
To date, no studies have assessed the longitudinal changes of dietary intake on metabolic risk factors in Latino youth.


OBJECTIVE
We assessed the relation between changes in dietary intake, specifically sugar and fiber intakes, with changes in adiposity and risk factors for type 2 diabetes in a longitudinal analysis of overweight Latino youth.


METHODS
Overweight Latino youth (n = 85; aged 11-17 y) underwent the following measures over 2 y [mean (+/-SD) time difference was 1.5 +/- 0.5 y]: dietary intake by 2-d diet recalls, body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and magnetic resonance imaging, and glucose and insulin indexes by oral- and intravenous-glucose-tolerance tests. Partial correlations and repeated-measures analysis of covariance assessed the relation between changes in dietary intake with changes in adiposity and glucose and insulin indexes, independent of the following a priori covariates: sex, Tanner stage, time between visits, and baseline dietary and metabolic variables of interest.


RESULTS
Increases in total dietary fiber (g/1000 kcal) and insoluble fiber (g/1000 kcal) were associated with decreases in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) (r = -0.29, P = 0.02, and r = -0.27, P = 0.03, for total dietary and insoluble fiber, respectively), independent of baseline covariates and change in subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue. Participants who had decreased total dietary fiber (mean decrease of 3 g . 1000 kcal(-1) x d(-1)) had significant increases in VAT compared with participants who had increased total dietary fiber (21% compared with -4%; P = 0.02). No other changes in dietary variables were related to changes in adiposity or metabolic variables.


CONCLUSIONS
Small reductions in dietary fiber intake over 1-2 y can have profound effects on increasing visceral adiposity in a high-risk Latino youth population.
Davis
Jaimie N
JN
Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. jaimieda@usc.edu
Alexander
Katharine E
KE
Ventura
Emily E
EE
Toledo-Corral
Claudia M
CM
Goran
Michael I
MI
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D050154:Adiposity / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014781:Viscera / Q000033:anatomy & histology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007328:Insulin