HslVU ATP-dependent protease utilizes maximally six among twelve threonine active sites during proteolysis.
HslVU is a bacterial ATP-dependent protease distantly related to eukaryotic proteasomes consisting of hexameric HslU ATPase and dodecameric HslV protease. As a homolog of the 20 S proteasome beta-subunits, HslV also uses the N-terminal threonine as the active site residue. However, unlike the proteasome that has only 6 active sites among the 14 beta-subunits, HslV has 12 active sites that could potentially contribute to proteolytic activity. Here, by using a series of HslV dodecamers containing different numbers of active sites, we demonstrate that like the proteasome, HslV with only approximately 6 active sites is sufficient to support full catalytic activity. However, a further reduction of the number of active sites leads to a proportional decrease in activity. Using proteasome inhibitors, we also demonstrate that substrate-mediated stabilization of the HslV-HslU interaction remains unchanged until the number of the active sites is decreased to approximately 6 but is gradually compromised upon further reduction. These results with a mathematical model suggest HslVU utilizes no more than 6 active sites at any given time, presumably because of the action of HslU. These results also suggest that each ATP-bound HslU subunit activates one HslV subunit and that substrate bound to the HslV active site stimulates the HslU ATPase activity by stabilizing the HslV-HslU interaction. We propose this mechanism plays an important role in supporting complete degradation of substrates while preventing wasteful ATP hydrolysis in the resting state by controlling the interaction between HslV and HslU through the catalytic engagement of the proteolytic active sites.
Lee
Jung Wook
JW
School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Park
Eunyong
E
Jeong
Min Sun
MS
Jeon
Young Joo
YJ
Eom
Soo Hyun
SH
Seol
Jae Hong
JH
Chung
Chin Ha
CH
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism*; D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D049071:Endopeptidase Clp / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013912:Threonine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
C483566:ClpYQ protease, E coli; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D021122:Protein Subunits; D013912:Threonine; C022571:adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate); D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D049071:Endopeptidase Clp; D000409:Alanine