The pulmonary embolism risk score system reduces the incidence and mortality of pulmonary embolism after gastric bypass.
BACKGROUND
Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cause of death after roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB); therefore, current recommendations for prophylaxis may be inadequate.


METHODS
We reviewed our first 1,341 patients (controls) who underwent RYGB and weighted factors that may have contributed to PE to arrive at a pulmonary embolism risk score (PERS). We postulated that more aggressive prophylaxis in higher risk patients might have reduced the incidence of PE. We tested our hypothesis by basing prophylaxis on the PERS in 1,652 subsequent RYGB patients (study group). Standard risk patients (PERS <4) were ambulated 2 hours after surgery, had application of intermittent compression devices, and received subcutaneous low-dose, unfractionated heparin (LDUH). Intermediate risk patients (PERS = 4) received standard prophylaxis and 3 weeks of postdischarge LDUH. High-risk patients (PERS >4) had postdischarge LDUH and a preoperative vena cava filter.


RESULTS
The 0.36% incidence of PE (6 patients) in the study group was significantly lower (P <.05) than the 1% incidence (13 patients) in the controls. Three of 189 men in the control group died of PE, whereas there were no deaths from PE in 271 men in the study group (P <.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The PERS may be an appropriate scoring system for determining preoperatively the level of risk for postoperative PE in RYGB patients. Basing prophylaxis on the level of risk reduces the incidence and mortality of PE and consumes resources judiciously.
Department of Surgery, Sisters of Charity Hospital and the State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14221, USA. jcaruanamd@SynergyBariatrics.com
Joseph A
JA
Caruana
Paul M
PM
Anain
Dang Tuan
DT
Pham
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000517:prevention & control
D006493:Heparin