Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of ceftazidime in experimental Haemophilus influenzae b meningitis.
Ceftazidime is active in vitro against Haemophilus influenzae. When given to infant rats in a dose of 25 mg/kg ceftazidime achieved a mean peak blood concentration of 31.8 mg/l and a mean trough concentration at 3 h of 25 mg/l during steady state. Blood half-life of ceftazidime was 1.3 h. Mean CSF penetration of ceftazidime was 22.8% of blood levels, independent of the presence or absence of meningitis. Infant rats with meningitis due to beta-lactamase negative and beta-lactamase positive H. influenzae strains had decreased CSF bacterial counts 8 h after a single 25 mg/kg dose and, without additional therapy, 45% of animals maintained negative cultures.
Krasinski
K
K
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Dallas, Southwestern Medical School, USA.
Nelson
J D
JD
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001681:Biological Assay; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D019741:Haemophilus influenzae type b; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002442:Ceftazidime; D001618:beta-Lactamases