Characterization of commercial amylases for the removal of filter cake on petroleum wells.
Drilling fluid has many functions, such as carry cuttings from the hole permitting their separation at the surface, cool and clean the bit, reduce friction between the drill pipe and wellbore, maintain the stability of the wellbore, and prevent the inflow of fluids from the wellbore and form a thin, low-permeable filter cake. Filter cake removal is an important step concerning both production and injection in wells, mainly concerning horizontal completion. The drilling fluids are typically comprised of starch, the most important component of the filter cake. A common approach to remove this filter cake is the use of acid solutions. However, these are non-specific reactants. A possible alternative is the use of enzymatic preparations, like amylases, that are able to hydrolyze starch. Wells usually operate in drastic conditions for enzymatic preparations, such as high temperature, high salt concentration, and high pressure. Thus, the main objective of this work was to characterize four enzymatic preparations for filter cake removal under open hole conditions. The results showed that high salt concentrations (204,000 ppm NaCl) in completion fluid decreased amylolytic activity. All enzymatic preparations were able to catalyze starch hydrolysis at all temperatures tested (30, 65, 80, and 95 degrees C). An increase of amylolytic activity was observed with the increase of pressure (100, 500 and 1,000 psi) for one commercial amylase.
Centro de Tecnologia, Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco E, Lab 103, Cidade Universitária, 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Nattascha
N
Kyaw
Rafael Fonseca
RF
de Mesquita
Etel
E
Kameda
João Crisósthomo de Queiroz
JC
Neto
Marta Antunes Pereira
MA
Langone
Maria Alice Zarur
MA
Coelho
D004795:Enzyme Stability; D019652:Extraction and Processing Industry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D010578:Petroleum; D011312:Pressure; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*
D010578:Petroleum; D012492:Salts; D013213:Starch; D000516:alpha-Amylases