Effective use of paired testing in type 2 diabetes: practical applications in clinical practice.
The purpose of this article is to discuss practical approaches to the use of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) in clinical practice using paired glucose testing. A rationale for SMBG use and innovative tools for data collection and analysis are presented. Method Health care professionals from various medical specialties collaborated to review current evidence regarding the value and utility of SMBG and to formulate professional opinions regarding use of SMBG. The literature review included key SMBG studies from 2002 through 2009. Established guidelines, position papers, and other evidence were also reviewed for this report. Reference Manager Software was used to search ISI Web of Science, PubMed, and Z39.50 site databases.



Although the utility of SMBG in non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes remains controversial, a recent report from the International Diabetes Federation recommends SMBG use in this population if it is used to educate/motivate individuals and/or monitor and adjust therapy. Health care providers must develop strategies to use SMBG in ways that address these criteria.



Paired SMBG (testing before/after specific events) promotes diabetes knowledge and self-management skills and facilitates assessment of the impact of behavioral changes, medical nutrition therapy, and pharmacologic interventions on glycemic levels. New tools have been developed to assist in using paired testing in clinical practice.
Parkin
Christopher G
CG
CGParkin Communications, Carmel, Indiana (Mr Parkin)
Hinnen
Deborah
D
Mid America Diabetes Associates, Wichita, Kansas (Ms Hinnen)
Campbell
R Keith
RK
College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington (Mr Campbell)
Geil
Patricia
P
Geil Nutrition Communications, Lexington, Kentucky (Ms Geil)
Tetrick
David L
DL
Internal Medicine Associates of Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana (Dr Tetrick)
Polonsky
William H
WH
University of Southern California San Diego, Behavioral Diabetes Institute, San Diego, California (Dr Polonsky)
D001519:Behavior; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000523:psychology*; D004435:Eating; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D019518:Postprandial Period; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012648:Self Care