Phenotype-related differential alpha-2,6- or alpha-2,3-sialylation of glycoprotein N-glycans in human chondrocytes.
OBJECTIVE
Sialic acids frequently occur at the terminal positions of glycoprotein N-glycans present at chondrocyte surfaces or in the cartilage matrix. Sialic acids are transferred to glycoproteins in either alpha-2,3 or alpha-2,6 linkage by specific sialyltransferases (SiaTs) and can potentially affect cell functions and cell-matrix interactions. The present study aimed to assess the relationship between the expression of the human chondrocyte phenotype and the sialylation of chondrocyte glycoprotein N-glycans.


METHODS
The transcription of 5 SiaT was quantified using real-time Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assays. N-glycan analysis was performed using LC-ESI-MS. Primary human chondrocytes were cultured in monolayer or alginate beads and compared to the chondrocyte cell lines C-28/I2 and SW1353. In addition, effects of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on primary cells were assessed.


RESULTS
Primary human chondrocytes predominantly express alpha-2,6-specific SiaTs and accordingly, alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid residues in glycoprotein N-glycans. In contrast, the preponderance of alpha-2,3-linked sialyl residues and, correspondingly, reduced levels of alpha-2,6-specific SiaTs are associated with the altered chondrocyte phenotype of C-28/I2 and SW1353 cells. Importantly, a considerable shift towards alpha-2,3-linked sialic acids and alpha-2,3-specific SiaT mRNA levels occurred in primary chondrocytes treated with IL-1beta or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha).


CONCLUSIONS
The expression of the differentiated chondrocyte phenotype is linked to the ratio of alpha-2,6- to alpha-2,3-linked sialic acids in chondrocyte glycoprotein N-glycans. A shift towards altered sialylation might contribute to impaired cell-matrix interactions in disease conditions.
Toegel
S
S
Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria. stefan.toegel@meduniwien.ac.at
Pabst
M
M
Wu
S Q
SQ
Grass
J
J
Goldring
M B
MB
Chiari
C
C
Kolb
A
A
Altmann
F
F
Viernstein
H
H
Unger
F M
FM
D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012799:Sialyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012799:Sialyltransferases