[Role of probucol in preventing contrast induced acute kidney injury after coronary interventional procedure: a randomized trial].
OBJECTIVE
Contrast induced acute kidney injury (CIAKI) is a significant clinical problem. We, therefore, performed a prospective, randomized trial to investigate the role of probucol in the prevention of CIAKI in patients with unstable angina pectoris (UAP) undergoing percutaneous coronary angiography (CAG) and interventions (PCI).


METHODS
We studied 205 patients with UAP, who underwent CAG or PCI prospectively. Patients were randomly assigned to probucol group (n = 102) and control group (n = 103). In the probucol group, the patients received probucol tablets 500 mg b.i.d for 3 days before and after intervention. All the patients, after intervention, underwent hydration with intravenous saline at a rate of 1 ml per kilogram of body weight per hour for 12 hours.


RESULTS
Patients were well-matched with no significant difference at baseline in majority measured parameters between two groups. CIAKI occurred in 23 of the 205 (11.22%) patients. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify correlates of CIAKI and clinical data. CIAKI was most strongly associated with Scr > or = 132.6 micromol/L (OR = 21.11, 95%CI 1.95 - 56.06, P < 0.001), Ccr < 60 ml/min (OR = 4.19, 95%CI 1.94 - 9.05, P < 0.001), heart function > class II (OR = 6.23, 95%CI 2.73 - 14.21, P < 0.001), Diabetes (OR = 2.049, 95%CI 1.19 - 5.25, P < 0.001), age > or = 70 yrs (OR = 3.52, 95%CI 1.66 - 7.43, P < 0.001), coronary artery calcification shown by CAG (OR = 4.29, 95%CI 1.99 - 9.24, P < 0.001). The rate of CIAKI in probucol groups was slightly lower compared with control group (7.84% vs. 14.56%), without significant difference. The post-procedure mean peak of Scr [(101.62 +/- 42.98) micromol/L vs. (117.67 +/- 68.77) micromol/L, P = 0.047] and the post-procedure increasing Scr from baseline (DeltaScr) [(13.49 +/- 19.61) micromol/L vs. (22.50 +/- 18.31) micromol/L, P = 0.001] in the probucol group decreased significantly compared with that of control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Prophylactic treatment with probucol 500 mg b.i.d during periprocedural stage in patients with UAP has preventing role against CIAKI after cardiac catheterization.
Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China.
Li
L
Yin
Guang-ping
GP
Li
Tong
T
Liu
Hong-mei
HM
Liu
Xin
X
Chen
Mei
M
He
Xin-tian
XT
Zheng
En-zhao
EZ
Liu
Li-Juan
LJ
Zhou
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011341:Probucol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies
D003287:Contrast Media; D011341:Probucol