In vitro evaluation of bonding effectiveness to dentin of all-in-one adhesives.
OBJECTIVE
The study was aimed at assessing the bonding potential of all-in-one adhesives to dentin.


METHODS
The microtensile bond strength of the all-in-one adhesives Bond Force (Tokuyama), AdheSE One (Ivoclar-Vivadent), and Xeno V (Dentsply) was measured in comparison with the etch-and-rinse system XP Bond (Dentsply). The ultrastructural characteristics of dentin-adhesive interface were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Twenty human extracted third molars had their mid-coronal dentin exposed and ground with wet 600-grit SiC paper in order to create a standardized smear layer. Bonding procedures were performed according to the manufacturers' instructions and microtensile beams were obtained with the "non-trimming" technique. The bond strengths in MPa were statistically analyzed including pre-test failures as "zero" values (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Levene's test, One-Way ANOVA, Tukey's test p<0.05).


RESULTS
The following bond strengths were recorded in MPa (mean+/-standard deviation): AdheSE One 31.7+/-21.3; Xeno V 42.8+/-26.4; Bond Force 43.3+/-22.1; XP Bond 51.9+/-18.6. The statistical analysis demonstrated that the bond strengths achieved by Bond Force and Xeno V were similar to that of the etch-and-rinse adhesive, whereas the bond strength of AdheSE One was significantly lower. A distinct hybrid layer with resin tags was seen only in XP Bond specimens. All-in-one adhesives demonstrated a rather superficial interaction with the dentin substrate.


CONCLUSIONS
Although the strongest bond to dentin was established by the etch-and-rinse system, however the all-in-one adhesives containing organic solvents reached bond strength levels that were comparable from a statistical point of view.
Department of Dental Materials and Fixed Prosthodontics, University of Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte, Viale Bracci, 53100 Siena, Italy. mari_margvel@yahoo.com
Mariam
M
Margvelashvili
Cecilia
C
Goracci
Milos
M
Beloica
Federica
F
Papacchini
Marco
M
Ferrari
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000268:Adhesiveness; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017655:Silicon Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D016369:Smear Layer; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength
D000180:Acrylic Resins; C489662:AdheSE cement; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C507124:Estelite sigma; C466112:Esthet-X; D017655:Silicon Compounds; D012997:Solvents; C501891:Tetric EvoCeram; C532387:XP-Bond; C022088:silicon carbide