[Film and sciences of the mind in 1900: neurosis, paramnesia, trance].
In this article, conceived of in an epistemological perspective, film history and history of psychology intersect in order to show how subject models are circulating around 1900 which are impregnated with scientific culture and social modernity. These models have the special quality of being defined first in pathological terms because they result from a diagnosis of the evils caused by the new industrial and capitalist society. However, the position required by the cinematic apparatus produces a spectator who is described as a subject-machine with the particular psychophysiological states that precisely concern the neurotic, the paramnesiac and the sleepwalker. If our point is to show how close the (para)medical and cinematic subjects are, we will also try to see how far cinema interacts with phenomena related to urbanity and other developments of Western civilisation, the latter being considered as a transforming agent of the psychic apparatus.
Section d'histoire et esthétique du cinéma, Faculté des lettres de l'Université de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne. mireille.berton@unil.ch
Mireille
M
Berton
D000647:Amnesia / Q000266:history*; D005060:Europe; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009040:Motion Pictures / Q000266:history*; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000266:history*; D011584:Psychology / Q000266:history*; D013009:Somnambulism / Q000266:history*; D013557:Switzerland