Effect of pioglitazone on systemic inflammation is independent of metabolic control and cardiac autonomic function in patients with type 2 diabetes.
The aim of this article is to investigate the relation of the anti-inflammatory effect of pioglitazone with cardiac autonomic function and metabolic control in diabetic patients. In this prospective open label trial, 36 type 2 diabetic patients (age 60 ± 10, 20 M) without overt cardiovascular disease were randomized to add pioglitazone (30 mg) to their therapy or to continue standard therapy. C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels, metabolic parameters and cardiac autonomic function (assessed by heart rate variability [HRV] on 24-h ECG Holter monitoring) were measured at baseline and after 3 months. Clinical and laboratory variables were similar in the two groups. No significant changes were observed after 3 months for metabolic and anthropometric parameters, except for a mild increase in HDL levels in the pioglitazone group only (P = 0.04 vs. controls). CRP levels decreased significantly at follow-up in the pioglitazone group (3.2 ± 1.97 vs. 2.37 ± 1.56 mg/l) but not in the control group (3.0 ± 1.92 vs. 3.93 ± 2.14 mg/l; P = 0.003). No differences were found in basal and follow-up HRV variables between the two groups. In type 2 diabetic patients pioglitazone exerts favourable effects on inflammation even after short-term therapy. This effect precedes those on metabolic and anthropometric parameters and is not associated with changes in cardiac autonomic function.
Nerla
Roberto
R
Istituto di Cardiologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Pitocco
Dario
D
Zaccardi
Francesco
F
Scalone
Giancarla
G
Coviello
Ilaria
I
Mollo
Roberto
R
Ghirlanda
Giovanni
G
Lanza
Gaetano A
GA
Crea
Filippo
F
D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D011446:Prospective Studies; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000077205:Pioglitazone