Edible apple film wraps containing plant antimicrobials inactivate foodborne pathogens on meat and poultry products.
Apple-based edible films containing plant antimicrobials were evaluated for their activity against pathogenic bacteria on meat and poultry products. Salmonella enterica or E. coli O157:H7 (10(7) CFU/g) cultures were surface inoculated on chicken breasts and Listeria monocytogenes (10(6) CFU/g) on ham. The inoculated products were then wrapped with edible films containing 3 concentrations (0.5%, 1.5%, and 3%) of cinnamaldehyde or carvacrol. Following incubation at either 23 or 4 degrees C for 72 h, samples were stomached in buffered peptone water, diluted, and plated for enumeration of survivors. The antimicrobial films exhibited concentration-dependent activities against the pathogens tested. At 23 degrees C on chicken breasts, films with 3% antimicrobials showed the highest reductions (4.3 to 6.8 log CFU/g) of both S. enterica and E. coli O157:H7. Films with 1.5% and 0.5% antimicrobials showed 2.4 to 4.3 and 1.6 to 2.8 log reductions, respectively. At 4 degrees C, carvacrol exhibited greater activity than did cinnamaldehyde. Films with 3%, 1.5%, and 0.5% carvacrol reduced the bacterial populations by about 3, 1.6 to 3, and 0.8 to 1 logs, respectively. Films with 3% and 1.5% cinnamaldehyde induced 1.2 to 2.8 and 1.2 to 1.3 log reductions, respectively. For L. monocytogenes on ham, carvacrol films induced greater reductions than did cinnamaldehyde films at all concentrations tested. In general, the reduction of L. monocytogenes on ham at 23 degrees C was greater than at 4 degrees C. Added antimicrobials had minor effects on physical properties of the films. The results suggest that the food industry and consumers could use these films as wrappings to control surface contamination by foodborne pathogenic microorganisms.
Dept. of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. sadhravi@email.arizona.edu
Sadhana
S
Ravishankar
Libin
L
Zhu
Carl W
CW
Olsen
Tara H
TH
McHugh
Mendel
M
Friedman
D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D000081007:Cymenes; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000295:instrumentation; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry; D010858:Pigmentation; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; D000171:Acrolein; D010368:Pectins; C073316:carvacrol; D005990:Glycerol; C012843:cinnamaldehyde