Association of trans fatty acid intake with metabolic risk factors among free-living young Japanese women.
OBJECTIVE
We examined cross-sectional associations of total, hydrogenated, and natural trans fatty acid intake with selected metabolic risk factors in young Japanese women.


METHODS
Subjects were 1136 Japanese female dietetic students aged 18-22 years. Dietary intake was estimated using a validated, self-administered diet history questionnaire. Associations between trans fatty acid intake and metabolic risk factors were examined with multivariate linear regression analysis, with control for potential covariates. Dietary covariates included intake of energy, total fat, and saturated fatty acids (model 1); monounsaturated fatty acids instead of saturated fatty acids (model 2); and polyunsaturated fatty acids instead of saturated fatty acids (model 3).


RESULTS
Mean (standard deviation) total trans fatty acid intake was 0.90% (0.30%) of total energy. Hydrogenated trans fatty acids contributed 77% of total trans fatty acid intake. Total trans fatty acid intake was significantly and positively associated with waist circumference, triacylglycerol, and glycated hemoglobin, except in the analysis of triacylglycerol with adjustment for monounsaturated fatty acids. No associations were found between total trans fatty acid intake and body mass index, cholesterol, or glucose. Hydrogenated trans fatty acid intake was significantly and positively associated only with waist circumference and glycated hemoglobin. No association was observed for natural trans fatty acid intake.


CONCLUSIONS
hydrogenated trans fatty acid intake was positively associated with several metabolic risk factors among free-living young Japanese women with relatively low intake.
Department of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
Mai
M
Yamada
Satoshi
S
Sasaki
Kentaro
K
Murakami
Yoshiko
Y
Takahashi
Kazuhiro
K
Uenishi
D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006865:Hydrogenation; D007564:Japan; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides