Myosin VI is a modulator of androgen-dependent gene expression.
Myosin VI, one of the so-called unconventional myosins, is an actin-based molecular motor involved in intracellular vesicle and organelle transport. In human prostate, myosin VI is expressed in prostate epithelium. We examined the effect of myosin VI downregulation in the LNCaP human prostate cancer cell line using an RNA interference approach. Further, the expression of myosin VI in human prostate tissue was examined using immunohistochemistry. The expression of androgen receptor (AR) and E-cadherin was examined in myosin VI knocked-down cells and control cells. We determined 3H-testosterone uptake in the myosin knocked-down LNCaP cells. Next, we cotransfected LNCaP cells with the myosin VI-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) duplex and an androgen-responsive luciferase reporter construct and then measured luciferase activity after androgen induction. To clarify whether myosin VI and the AR are interacting proteins, we performed immunoprecipitation studies using myosin VI and AR polyclonal antibodies in androgen-induced LNCaP cells. We confirmed previous results of myosin VI overexpression in human prostate cancer tissue, as in some cases malignant epithelium was more intensively stained than benign epithelium. We found that the expression of AR decreased as a result of myosin VI knock-down. Decreased myosin VI levels did not significantly influence the testosterone uptake of the LNCaP cell line. Instead, we noted a decreased activity of the androgen-regulated mouse mammary tumor virus promoter-reporter vector construct in LNCaP cells cotransfected with myosin VI siRNA duplexes. Finally, we detected the interaction between AR and myosin VI by immunoprecipitation. We propose that myosin VI is a modulator of androgen-dependent gene transcription via interaction with the AR. Thus, myosin VI is a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer as it could be used as a modulator of AR-dependent gene expression.
Loikkanen
Ildikó
I
Department of Pathology, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, 90029 OYS, Finland.
Toljamo
Katja
K
Hirvikoski
Pasi
P
Väisänen
Timo
T
Paavonen
Timo K
TK
Vaarala
Markku H
MH
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008324:Mammary Tumor Virus, Mouse / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
C410798:AR protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; C089785:myosin VI; D013739:Testosterone; D008156:Luciferases; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains