Effect of platelet-rich plasma on the healing of intrabony defects treated with an anorganic bovine bone mineral: a pilot study.
BACKGROUND
Periodontal therapy using the combination of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and different grafting materials has been suggested as a modality to enhance the outcome of regenerative surgery. In most clinical studies, a barrier membrane was used to cover the defects, and thus, the effects of PRP may have been masked by the effects of the barrier. The data from controlled clinical studies evaluating the effect of regenerative therapy using various grafting materials with or without PRP are still limited. The purpose of this study was to clinically compare the healing of intrabony defects treated with either a combination of an anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) and PRP to those obtained with ABBM alone.


METHODS
Thirty patients with advanced chronic periodontal disease and displaying one intrabony defect were randomly treated with PRP + ABBM or ABBM alone. The following clinical parameters were evaluated at baseline and 1 year after treatment: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), and clinical attachment level (CAL). The primary outcome variable was CAL.


RESULTS
No statistical significant differences in any of the investigated parameters between the two groups were observed at baseline. Healing was uneventful in all patients. In the PRP + ABBM group, mean PD decreased from 8.6 +/- 1.8 mm to 3.4 +/- 1.4 mm (P <0.001) and mean CAL changed from 9.9 +/- 1.7 mm to 5.3 +/- 1.8 mm (P <0.001). In the ABBM group, mean PD decreased from 8.5 +/- 2.0 mm to 3.2 +/- 1.3 mm (P <0.001) and mean CAL changed from 9.6 +/- 1.9 mm to 4.9 +/- 1.5 mm (P <0.001). CAL gains >or=3 mm were measured in 80% (12 of 15 defects) of cases treated with PRP + ABBM and in 87% (13 of 15 defects) of cases treated with ABBM alone. No statistically significant differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed between the two groups at the 1-year reevaluation.


CONCLUSIONS
Within the limits of the present study, it can be concluded that 1) at 1 year after regenerative surgery with PRP + ABBM and ABBM alone, significant PD reductions and CAL gains were found, and 2) the use of PRP failed to improve the results obtained with ABBM alone.
Döri
Ferenc
F
Department of Periodontology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
Kovács
Viola
V
Arweiler
Nicole B
NB
Huszár
Tamás
T
Gera
István
I
Nikolidakis
Dimitris
D
Sculean
Anton
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D000818:Animals; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000601:surgery; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D012534:Dental Scaling; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000601:surgery; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000601:surgery; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000601:surgery; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000601:surgery; D010865:Pilot Projects; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016745:Root Planing; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008903:Minerals