Improving metabolite knowledge in stable atherosclerosis patients by association and correlation of GC-MS and 1H NMR fingerprints.
The plasma of patients with stable carotid atherosclerosis (n = 9), and healthy subjects (n = 10) have been fingerprinted with both GC-MS and (1)H NMR. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and orthogonal partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) have been applied to the profiles from each technique both separately and in combination. These techniques complement each other and enable a clearer picture of the biological samples to be interpreted not only for classification purposes, but also more importantly to define the metabolic state of patients with carotid atherosclerosis. The results showed at least 24 metabolites that were significantly modified in the group of atherosclerotic patients by this nontargeted procedure. Most of the changes can be associated to alterations of the metabolism characteristics of insulin resistance that can be strongly related to the metabolic syndrome. In addition, correlations among variables accounting for the classification show amino acids as variables whose changes showed a high degree of correlation. GC-MS and (1)H NMR fingerprints can provide complementary information in the identification of altered metabolic pathways in patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Moreover, correlations among the results with both techniques, instead of a single study, can provide a deeper insight into the patient state.
Teul
Joanna
J
Pharmacy Faculty, Campus Monteprincipe, San Pablo-CEU University, 28668 Boadilla del Monte. Madrid, Spain.
Rupérez
Francisco J
FJ
Garcia
Antonia
A
Vaysse
Julie
J
Balayssac
Stéphane
S
Gilard
Véronique
V
Malet-Martino
Myriam
M
Martin-Ventura
Jose Luis
JL
Blanco-Colio
Luis Miguel
LM
Tuñón
José
J
Egido
Jesús
J
Barbas
Coral
C
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D055442:Metabolome; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis
D000596:Amino Acids