title: Gastric oncology: an update.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the field of endoscopy progresses, new tools and techniques continue to be developed for gastroenterology in general and gastrointestinal oncology in particular. Some of these include enhancements in diagnostic optics such as chromoendoscopy, magnification endoscopy, and confocal laser endomicroscopy. Others include advanced therapeutics such as endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection. In this review, we will update the reader on these latest of technologies, their benefits and risks, as well as their role in evaluating, staging, and treating gastric neoplasms, especially gastric adenocarcinoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors, and primary gastric lymphoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Noteworthy studies in this review indicate that in properly selected patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, endoscopic submucosal dissection is a viable alternative to gastric resection with 100% 5-year survival rates; in patients with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors, imatinib can provide effective treatment with reasonable outcome; and in patients with low grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, eradication therapy with antibiotics is curative with a very low recurrence rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The advances discussed in this review have significantly improved the care we can offer our patients in gastric oncology. With continued advancement in the field, it will be crucial to continue to study outcomes and safety of these techniques and to develop structured training for those looking to perform these procedures.
authors.affiliation: aDivision of Gastroenterology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hyatt
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Paull
authors.forename: Wahid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wassef
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate