title: Clinical and radiographic outcomes of calcium hydroxide and formocresol pulpotomies performed by dental students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the clinical and radiographic success rates of 3 pulpotomy techniques: formocresol, calcium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide/iodoform.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pulpotomies were performed by fifth-year undergraduate dental students. Members of senior staff at the clinics supervised all of the procedures. Informed consent was obtained from each child's parents. The teeth were randomly assigned to the experimental (calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide/iodoform) or control (formocresol) groups. After coronal pulp removal and hemostasis, remaining pulp tissue was covered with calcium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide/iodoform paste in the experimental groups. In the control group, formocresol was placed with a cotton pellet over the pulp tissue for 5 minutes and removed; the pulp tissue was then covered with zinc oxide-eugenol. All teeth were restored with stainless-steel crowns. Clinical and radiographic successes and failures were recorded at 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups by the authors. Data were statistically analyzed using chi-squared tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up evaluations revealed that the clinical success rates were 89.7% for formocresol, 33.3% for calcium hydroxide, and 17.2% for calcium hydroxide/iodoform. The radiographic success rates were 89.7% for formocresol, 33.3% for calcium hydroxide, and 13.8% for calcium hydroxide/iodoform.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Formocresol was superior to calcium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide/iodoform pastes for primary molar pulpotomies. Internal resorption was the most common radiographic failure in all 3 pulpotomy techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gazi, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alev
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alaçam
authors.forename: Mesut E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Odabaş
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tüzüner
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sillelioğlu
authors.forename: Ozgül
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baygin
mesh_terms: D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003442:Crowns; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005566:Formocresols; D006801:Humans; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; D008297:Male; D011672:Pulpotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013335:Students, Dental; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005566:Formocresols; D006847:Hydrocarbons, Iodinated; C031025:formocresol; C010473:iodoform; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide