title: Assessing the impact of indoor residual spraying on malaria morbidity using a sentinel site surveillance system in Western Uganda.
abstract: A single round of indoor residual spraying (IRS) using lambda-cyhalothrin was implemented in a district of Uganda with moderate transmission intensity in 2007. Individual patient data were collected from one health facility within the district 8 months before and 16 months after IRS. There was a consistent decrease in the proportion of patients diagnosed with clinical malaria after IRS for patients < 5 and > 5 years of age (52% versus 26%, P < 0.001 and 36% versus 23%, P < 0.001, respectively). There was a large decrease in the proportion of positive blood smears in the first 4 months after IRS for patients < 5 (47% versus 14%, P < 0.001) and > 5 (26% versus 9%, P < 0.001) years of age, but this effect waned over the subsequent 12 months. IRS was effective in reducing malaria morbidity, but this was not sustained beyond 1 year for the proportion of blood smears read as positive.
authors.affiliation: Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project, Kampala, Uganda. hbukirwa@muucsf.org
authors.forename: Hasifa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bukirwa
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yau
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kigozi
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filler
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quick
authors.forename: Myers
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lugemwa
authors.forename: Gunawardena
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dissanayake
authors.forename: Moses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamya
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wabwire-Mangen
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dorsey
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D013997:Time Factors; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C037304:cyhalothrin