title: Identification of six type III effector genes with the PIP box in Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and five of them contribute individually to full pathogenicity.
abstract: Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris is the pathogen of black rot of cruciferous plants. The pathogenicity of the pathogen depends on the type III secretion system (T3SS) that translocates directly effector proteins into plant cells, where they play important roles in the molecular interaction between the pathogen and its hosts. The T3SS of Xanthomonas spp. is encoded by a cluster of hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp) genes. It has been demonstrated that the expression of hrp genes and some type III secreted (T3S)-effector genes is coactivated by the key hrp regulatory protein HrpX. The regulation by HrpX can be mediated by the binding of HrpX protein to a cis-regulatory element named the plant-inducible promoter (PIP) box present in the promoter region of HrpX-regulated genes. A genome screen revealed that X. campestris pv. campestris 8004 possesses 56 predicted genes with the PIP box. Nine of these genes have been shown to encode T3S effectors, Hrp, and Hrp-associated proteins. In this study, we employed an established T3S effector translocation assay with the hypersensitive-reaction-inducing domain of X. campestris pv. campestris AvrBs1 as a reporter to characterize the remaining 47 genes with the PIP box and showed that 6 of them, designated as XopXccE1, XopXccP, XopXccQ, XopXccR1, XopXccLR, and AvrXccB, harbor a functional translocation signal in their N-terminal regions, indicating that they are T3S effectors of X. campestris pv. campestris. We provided evidence to demonstrate that all these effectors are expressed in an HrpX-dependent manner and their translocation into plant cells relies on the translocon protein HrpF and the chaperone HpaB. Mutational analyses demonstrated that all these effectors, except AvrXccB, are individually required for full virulence and growth of X. campestris pv. campestris in the host plant Chinese radish.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresources Conservation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, and College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bo-Le
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Rong-Qi
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jun-Ding
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hong-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Guo-Feng
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Wei-Jian
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Cen
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Guang-Hua
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-Li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Xiao-Hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: Dong-Jie
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Guang-Tao
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jia-Xun
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Yong-Qiang
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ji-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002212:Capsicum / Q000382:microbiology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D009154:Mutation; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D014774:Virulence; D016959:Xanthomonas campestris / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins