title: Oxcarbazepine for refractory epilepsy: systematic review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been estimated that 50 million people worldwide suffer from epilepsy and around 30% will not achieve adequate control over the disease. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of oxcarbazepine for refractory partial or generalized epilepsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Systematic review. A search was conducted in the PubMed, Lilacs, EMBASE and CENTRAL databases. Studies were analyzed using the Cochrane Collaboration methodology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four randomized clinical trials of medium to poor methodological quality were included. Among the adult patients, the chances that they would obtain a 50% reduction in seizure frequency were greater after using oxcarbazepine at doses of 600 mg (relative risk, RR 2.11; 95% confidence interval, CI 1.32 to 3.35), 1,200 mg (RR 3.24; 95% CI 2.11 to 4.98) and 2,400 mg (RR 3.83; 95% CI 2.59 to 5.97). Among the children, the response in the group using oxcarbazepine was also greater (RR 2.11; 95% CI 1.32 to 3.35). The oxcarbazepine doses of 1,200 mg (RR 17.59; 95% CI 2.37 to 130.35) and 2,400 mg (RR 25.41; 95% CI 6.26 to 103.10) were effective for keeping patients probably free from seizures, but the dose of 600 mg was not. There was no significant difference between oxcarbazepine and carbamazepine for controlling the crises.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is moderate evidence indicating that oxcarbazepine is effective as an alternative treatment for partial or generalized epilepsy in children and adults who were refractory to previous treatment.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saconato
authors.forename: Gilmar Fernandes do
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.forename: Maria Eduarda dos Santos
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Puga
authors.forename: Alvaro Nagib
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Atallah
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002220:Carbamazepine; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine