title: Addressing shortfalls in TIA care in the UK: an economic perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the clinical outcomes and costs associated with reconfiguring the management of TIA in the UK to offer patients rapid access to outpatient clinics for specialist assessment and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  An economic deterministic model was run comparing two pathways--one arm representing current clinical care based on national guidelines and clinical practice and patient referral to a weekly outpatient clinic, and a revised care pathway replicating phase 2 of the EXPRESS study with patient referral to a daily outpatient clinic. The outcomes of the model were measured in terms of recurrent strokes avoided and net budget impact to secondary care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reconfiguring TIA care pathways in the UK could result in the avoidance of 8,164 recurrent stroke events. The model predicts savings of £25,573,279 for the UK healthcare system over 12 months. Annual net savings are predicted in England (£24,916,011), Scotland (£80,554) and Northern Ireland (£1,041,817). In Wales, increased costs of £450,435 are estimated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the data published from the EXPRESS study, it is not possible to model a stepwise approach to implementing the revised TIA care pathway. It is therefore assumed that it would be possible to implement the revised TIA care pathway as detailed in the EXPRESS study across the UK and achieve the reduction in recurrent stroke risk that was reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The model suggests that the reconfiguration of TIA care pathways in the UK to offer rapid access to treatment and assessment could prevent TIA-related future stroke events and potentially result in cost savings to the healthcare system.
authors.affiliation: GE Healthcare, Pollards Wood, Chalfont St. Giles, Buckinghamshire, UK. Daniel.Jackson@ge.com
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moshinsky
authors.forename: Alison J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Begg
mesh_terms: D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000191:economics / Q000600:supply & distribution; D019091:Critical Pathways / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy*; D018803:Models, Economic; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D059039:Standard of Care / Q000191:economics*; D020521:Stroke / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006113:United Kingdom