title: Metastasis to the gallbladder: a single-center experience of 20 cases in South Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with metastases to the gallbladder (MGBs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a single-center retrospective study of 20 patients with MGBs diagnosed pathologically from 1999 to 2007.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 417 gallbladder (GB) malignancies, 20 (4.8%) were MGBs. The primary malignancies originated from the stomach (n = 8), colorectum (n = 3), liver (n = 2), kidney (n = 2), skin (n = 2), extrahepatic bile duct (n = 1), uterine cervix (n = 1), and appendix (n = 1). Twelve patients were diagnosed metachronously, presenting with cholecystitis (n = 4), abdominal pain (n = 2), jaundice (n = 1), weight loss (n = 1), and serum CA 19-9 elevation (n = 1); five patients were asymptomatic. The median survival after the diagnosis of MGB was 8.7 mo. On Cox regression analysis, R0 resection was the only factor associated with a prolonged survival [hazard ratio (HR): 0.01, P = 0.002]; presentation with cholecystitis was associated with poor survival (HR: 463.27, P = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MGBs accounted for 4.8% of all pathologically diagnosed GB malignancies. The most common origin was the stomach. The median survival of MGB was 8.7 mo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Won Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Yong Bum
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Youn Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji Kon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Yong-Tae
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D007565:Jaundice / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen