title: Heteronemin, a spongean sesterterpene, inhibits TNF alpha-induced NF-kappa B activation through proteasome inhibition and induces apoptotic cell death.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the biological effects of heteronemin, a marine sesterterpene isolated from the sponge Hyrtios sp. on chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms triggered by this compound, we initially performed DNA microarray profiling and determined which genes respond to heteronemin stimulation in TNFalpha-treated cells and which genes display an interaction effect between heteronemin and TNFalpha. Within the differentially regulated genes, we found that heteronemin was affecting cellular processes including cell cycle, apoptosis, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) pathway and the nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling cascade. We confirmed in silico experiments regarding NF-kappaB inhibition by reporter gene analysis, electrophoretic mobility shift analysis and I-kappaB degradation. In order to assess the underlying molecular mechanisms, we determined that heteronemin inhibits both trypsin and chymotrypsin-like proteasome activity at an IC(50) of 0.4 microM. Concomitant to the inhibition of the NF-kappaB pathway, we also observed a reduction in cellular viability. Heteronemin induces apoptosis as shown by annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide-staining, nuclear morphology analysis, pro-caspase-3, -8 and -9 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage as well as truncation of Bid. Altogether, results show that this compound has potential as anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire du Cancer, Fondation de Recherche Cancer et Sang, Hôpital Kirchberg, 9 Rue Edward Steichen, L-2540 Luxembourg, Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cerella
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eifes
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chateauvieux
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morceau
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jaspars
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dicato
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diederich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D020014:K562 Cells; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000502:physiology; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D054830:Sesterterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D054830:Sesterterpenes; D013729:Terpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C493748:heteronemin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex