title: The Arf-inducing transcription factor Dmp1 encodes a transcriptional activator of amphiregulin, thrombospondin-1, JunB and Egr1.
abstract: Dmp1 (Dmtf1) encodes a Myb-like transcription factor implicated in tumor suppression through direct activation of the Arf-p53 pathway. The human DMP1 gene is frequently deleted in non-small cell lung cancers, especially those that retain wild-type INK4a/ARF and/or p53. To identify novel genes that are regulated by Dmp1, transcriptional profiles of lung tissue from Dmp1-null and wild-type mice were generated using the GeneChip Microarray. Comparative analysis of gene expression changes between the two groups resulted in identification of numerous genes that may be regulated by Dmp1. Notably, amphiregulin (Areg), thrombospondin-1 (Tsp-1), JunB, Egr1, adrenomedullin (Adm), Bcl-3 and methyl-CpG binding domain protein 1 (Mbd1) were downregulated in the lungs from Dmp1-null mice while Gas1 and Ect2 genes were upregulated. These target genes were chosen for further analyses since they are involved in cell proliferation, transcription, angiogenesis/metastasis, apoptosis, or DNA methylation, and thus could account for the tumor suppressor phenotype of Dmp1. Dmp1 directly bound to the genomic loci of Areg, Tsp-1, JunB and Egr1. Significant upregulation or downregulation of the novel Dmp1 target genes was observed upon transient expression of Dmp1 in alveolar epithelial cells, an effect which was nullified by the inhibition of de novo mRNA synthesis. Interestingly, these genes and their protein products were significantly downregulated or upregulated in the lungs from Dmp1-heterozygous mice as well. Identification of novel Dmp1 target genes not only provides insights into the effects of Dmp1 on global gene expression, but also sheds light on the mechanism of haploid insufficiency of Dmp1 in tumor suppression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mallakin
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Fumitake
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taneja
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kendig
authors.forename: Donna P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Frazier
authors.forename: Dejan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maglic
authors.forename: Lauren A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Matise
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Willingham
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D066258:Amphiregulin; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011485:Protein Binding; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C587848:AREG protein, human; D066258:Amphiregulin; C587849:Areg protein, mouse; C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; C102116:Dmtf1 protein, mouse; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; C486109:Egr1 protein, mouse; D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors