title: Some patients with irritable bowel syndrome may have exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) might have other underlying pathologies. Pancreatic disease can be elusive-especially in the early stages, and some symptoms overlap with those of IBS. We evaluated the prevalence of exocrine pancreatic insufficiency in diarrhea-predominant IBS (D-IBS) and assessed the effects of pancreatic enzyme supplementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included patients who met the Rome II criteria for D-IBS, patients with chronic diarrhea, and subjects without diarrhea (controls). Subjects' baseline weight, stool frequency, stool consistency (using the Bristol score), and fecal elastase-1 (Fel-1) levels were determined. Patients were assessed using British Society of Gastroenterology IBS guidelines. Patients with Fel-1 levels less than 100 microg/g stool (indicating pancreatic exocrine insufficiency; group 1) were compared with age- and sex-matched patients with D-IBS and normal levels of Fel-1 (group 2), given pancreatic enzyme therapy, and reassessed at 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fel-1 levels were less than 100 microg/g in stool from 19 of 314 patients with D-IBS (6.1%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.7%-9.3%), none of the 105 patients with chronic diarrhea (95% CI, 0.0%-3.5%), and none of 95 controls (95% CI, 0.0-3.8%) (P < .001). After enzyme supplementation, improvements in stool frequency (P < .001), stool consistency (P < .001), and abdominal pain (P = .003) were observed in patients in group 1, but not in group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency was detected in 6.1% of patients who fulfilled the Rome II criteria for D-IBS. In these patients, pancreatic enzyme therapy might reduce diarrhea and abdominal pain. Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency should be considered in patients with D-IBS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom. jsleeds@hotmail.com
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Leeds
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hopper
authors.forename: Reena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sidhu
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simmonette
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azadbakht
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoggard
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morley
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000628:therapy; D004798:Enzymes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010188:Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes