title: Self-assembling peptide nanofiber scaffolds, platelet-rich plasma, and mesenchymal stem cells for injectable bone regeneration with tissue engineering.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate a capability of PuraMatrix (PM), which is a self-assembling peptide nanomaterial, as a scaffold for bone regeneration in combination with dog mesenchymal stem cells (dMSCs) and/or platelet-rich plasma (PRP) using tissue engineering and regenerative technology. Initially, teeth were extracted from an adult hybrid dog's mandible region. After 4 weeks, bone defects were prepared on both sides of the mandible with a trephine bar. The following graft materials were implanted into these defects: (1) control (defect only), (2) PM, (3) PM/PRP, (4) PM/dMSCs, and (5) PM/dMSCs/PRP. From scanning electron microscope images, PM had a three-dimensional nanostructure, and dMSCs attached on the surface of PM. At 2, 4, and 8 weeks after implantation, each sample was collected from the graft area with a trephine bar and assessed by histologic and histomorphometric analyses. It was observed that the bone regenerated by PM/dMSCs/PRP was of excellent quality, and mature bone had been formed. Histometrically, at 8 weeks, newly formed bone areas comprised 12.39 +/- 1.29% (control), 25.28 +/- 3.92% (PM), 27.72 +/- 3.15% (PM/PRP), 50.07 +/- 3.97% (PM/dMSCs), and 58.43 +/- 5.06% (PM/dMSCs/PRP). The PM/dMSCs and PM/dMSCs/PRP groups showed a significant increase at all weeks compared with the control, PM, or PM/PRP (P < 0.05 at 2, 4, and 8 weeks, analysis of variance). These results showed that MSCs might keep their own potential and promote new bone regeneration in the three-dimensional structure by PM scaffolds. Taken together, it is suggested that PM might be useful as a scaffold of bone regeneration in cell therapy, and these results might lead to an effective treatment method for bone defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsuruma-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshimi
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohgo
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004285:Dogs; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D007267:Injections; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D010455:Peptides; C546681:RADA16-I; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D001120:Arginine; D000409:Alanine