[Increased detection of malformations of kidneys and the urinary tract].
BACKGROUND
Congenital malformations of the kidneys and urinary tract may have changed over time.


METHODS
Data for diagnosis, treatment and results were retrospectively recorded in children born in one of three Norwegian counties 1987-2006; their age at time of recording was from 1 to 21 years.


RESULTS
389 of 142 986 (2.7 per 1000) live born children had malformations of the kidneys and/or urinary tract. The prevalence was higher for children born in the period 1997-2006 (241/70 217; 3.4 per 1000) than in 1987-1996 (148/72 769; 2.0 per 1000), p< 0.0011. The percentage of children with anomalies diagnosed prenatally increased significantly from the first born 10-year cohort (35/148; 24 %) to the last (125/241; 52 %), p < 0.0011. Urosepsis occurred in 8 (1.1 per 1000) patients in the first 10-year cohort and in 9 (1.3 per 1000) patients in the last cohort (p = 0.75). 137 (35 %) patients had undergone surgery, of whom 68 (0.9 per 1000) were born 1987-96 and 69 (1 per 1000) were born 1997-2006. Chronic renal failure developed in 6 patients (0.1 per 1000) in each 10-year cohort; 4 (0.05 per 1000) and 11 (0.16 per 1000) patients died in the two cohorts (p = 0.07) respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
More frequent use of prenatal ultrasound screening has caused a 69 % increase in the prevalence of malformations in kidneys and the urinary tract. The number of patients treated by surgery, deaths and the prevalence of urosepsis and chronic renal failure has remained unchanged. This may indicate increased detection of less severe malformations.
Randby
Hans
H
Barnesenteret, Sykehuset i Vestfold, 3103 Tønsberg, Norway. hans.randby@siv.no
Meberg
Alf
A
Yassin
Hussain A G
HA
Tveit
Line Merete
LM
Watle
Sara Viksmoen
SV
Moe
Ole Jørgen
OJ
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult