title: No effect of CYP450 and P-glycoprotein on hydroxyurea in vitro metabolism.
abstract: Our objectives were (1) to study the HU metabolism via human cytochromes and (2) to test if HU is a substrate of P-gp. HU metabolism was investigated by determining the appearance of urea and HU decreasing upon incubation with human liver microsomes. Quantification was determined using HPLC coupled with UV-detection at 449 nm. Our method was linear between 5 and 1000 microm, precise (coefficients of variation ranging from 1.7 to 9.9%), accurate (97.7-103.9%). The limit of quantification was 7 microm. The ATPase activity of human P-gp membranes was determined by measuring inorganic phosphate liberation. HU and urea measurements in microsomes were not different between 0 and 60 min whatever HU concentration used from 30 to 300 microm. The presence of NADPH in the medium has no effect on HU and urea measurements. In the absence of verapamil, the ATPase activity was unaffected by HU at concentrations of 10, 30, 100 and 300 microm. HU is unlikely to cause clinically relevant drug interactions with the substrates of these enzymes/transporters. However, it will be necessary to validate these in vitro data in patients with sickle cell anemia to evaluate the impact of genetic polymorphisms of these enzymes in a black population.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, AP-HP, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, F-94000 France.
authors.forename: Hind
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sassi
authors.forename: Dora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bachir
authors.forename: Anoosha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Habibi
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astier
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galactéros
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hulin
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000986:Antisickling Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000986:Antisickling Agents; D014508:Urea; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D006918:Hydroxyurea