title: Oxidative stress markers and C-reactive protein in pediatric patients on hemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are exposed to oxidative stress associated with an impairment of antioxidant defense and an overproduction of oxidative stress markers. Oxidative stress plays a significant role in the development of inflammation in these patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The high incidence of cardiovascular disease in HD pediatric patients is now well established and the involvement of oxidative stress has been hypothesized. This study focuses on a comparison of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid peroxidation product and evaluates the relationship between these parameters and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in pediatric patients on HD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma TAC, lipid peroxidation products, malondialdehyde (MDA) as well as hsCRP were determined in 30 pediatric patients on HD and in 20 healthy controls (HC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TAC and MDA levels were significantly higher in children on HD than in the HC (p < 0.001). The hsCRP values were also significantly higher in HD patients than in HC (p < 0.001). The percentage of HD pediatric patients with CRP >10 mg/l was 30%. The concentrations of TAC and MDA correlated positively with hsCRP in HD patients (TAC: r = 0.52, p < 0.08; MDA: r = 0.75, p < 0.04), but not in HC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates an increase in oxidative stress in children on HD and that the susceptibility to oxidative stress is strongly related to the levels of MDA produced in plasma. hsCRP levels are higher in children on HD than in HC and this is indicative of a higher degree of inflammatory activity in the former patients. These profound disturbances in oxidative stress markers may provide an explanation for the cardiovascular complications in HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Research Center, Elbehoos Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. manal_elshmaa@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Manal F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Elshamaa
authors.forename: Samar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sabry
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nabih
authors.forename: Eman A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Elghoroury
authors.forename: Gamila S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: El-Saaid
authors.forename: Amany A G
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002097:C-Reactive Protein