title: Future oriented group training for suicidal patients: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In routine psychiatric treatment most clinicians inquire about indicators of suicide risk, but once the risk is assessed not many clinicians systematically focus on suicidal thoughts. This may reflect a commonly held opinion that once the depressive or anxious symptoms are effectively treated the suicidal symptoms will wane. Consequently, many clients with suicidal thoughts do not receive systematic treatment of their suicidal thinking. There are many indications that specific attention to suicidal thinking is necessary to effectively decrease the intensity and recurrence of suicidal thinking. We therefore developed a group training for patients with suicidal thoughts that is easy to apply in clinical settings as an addition to regular treatment and that explicitly focuses on suicidal thinking. We hypothesize that such an additional training will decrease the frequency and intensity of suicidal thinking.We based the training on cognitive behavioural approaches of hopelessness, worrying, and future perspectives, given the theories of Beck, McLeod and others, concerning the lack of positive expectations characteristic for many suicidal patients. In collaboration with each participant in the training individual positive future possibilities and goals were challenged.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluate the effects of our program on suicide ideation (primary outcome measure). The study is conducted in a regular treatment setting with regular inpatients and outpatients representative for Dutch psychiatric treatment settings. The design is a RCT with two arms: TAU (Treatment as Usual) versus TAU plus the training. Follow up measurements are taken 12 months after the first assessment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for research on the effectiveness of interventions in suicidology, especially RCT's. In our treatment program we combine aspects and interventions that have been proven to be useful in the treatment of suicidal thinking and behavior.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISRCTN56421759.
authors.affiliation: Symfora groep, Hilversum. wessel.van.beek@gmail.com
authors.forename: Wessel
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.forename: Ad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerkhof
authors.forename: Aartjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beekman
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D000368:Aged; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005544:Forecasting; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D020407:Internet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011340:Problem Solving; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013998:Time Perception; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000092864:Suicide Prevention