title: Beyond access: a case study on the intersection between accessibility, sustainability, and universal design.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A growing emphasis has been placed on providing equal opportunities for all people, particularly people with disabilities, to support participation. Barriers to participation are represented in part by physical space restrictions. This article explores the decision-making process during the construction of a new office building housing a disability-rights organization. The building project featured in this study was developed on the principles of universal design, maximal accessibility, and sustainability to support access and participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A qualitative case study approach was used involving collection of data through in-depth interviews with key decision-makers; non-participant observations at design meetings; and on-site tours. Qualitative thematic analysis along with the development of a classification system was used to understand specific building elements and the relevant decision processes from which they resulted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recording and analyzing the design process revealed several key issues including grassroots involvement of stakeholders; interaction between universal design and sustainable design; addressing diversity through flexibility and universality; and segregationist accessibility versus universal design.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case study revealed complex interactions between accessibility, universal design, and sustainability. Two visual models were proposed to understand and analyze these complexities.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Therapy Program, School of Health Sciences, Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti 49197, USA. agosset1@emich.edu
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gossett
authors.forename: Mansha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: Ann Kathleen
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Barnds
authors.forename: Daisy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Feidt
mesh_terms: D001107:Architectural Accessibility / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D003657:Decision Making; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D011287:Prejudice; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012935:Social Justice