Effectiveness and safety of bronchial thermoplasty in the treatment of severe asthma: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled clinical trial.
BACKGROUND
Bronchial thermoplasty (BT) is a bronchoscopic procedure in which controlled thermal energy is applied to the airway wall to decrease smooth muscle.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of BT versus a sham procedure in subjects with severe asthma who remain symptomatic despite treatment with high-dose inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta(2)-agonists.


METHODS
A total of 288 adult subjects (Intent-to-Treat [ITT]) randomized to BT or sham control underwent three bronchoscopy procedures. Primary outcome was the difference in Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (AQLQ) scores from baseline to average of 6, 9, and 12 months (integrated AQLQ). Adverse events and health care use were collected to assess safety. Statistical design and analysis of the primary endpoint was Bayesian. Target posterior probability of superiority (PPS) of BT over sham was 95%, except for the primary endpoint (96.4%).


RESULTS
The improvement from baseline in the integrated AQLQ score was superior in the BT group compared with sham (BT, 1.35 +/- 1.10; sham, 1.16 +/- 1.23 [PPS, 96.0% ITT and 97.9% per protocol]). Seventy-nine percent of BT and 64% of sham subjects achieved changes in AQLQ of 0.5 or greater (PPS, 99.6%). Six percent more BT subjects were hospitalized in the treatment period (up to 6 wk after BT). In the posttreatment period (6-52 wk after BT), the BT group experienced fewer severe exacerbations, emergency department (ED) visits, and days missed from work/school compared with the sham group (PPS, 95.5, 99.9, and 99.3%, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
BT in subjects with severe asthma improves asthma-specific quality of life with a reduction in severe exacerbations and healthcare use in the posttreatment period. Clinical trial registered with www.clinialtrials.gov (NCT00231114).
Castro
Mario
M
Washington University School of Medicine, Campus Box 8052, 660 S. Euclid, St. Louis, MO 63110-1093, USA. castrom@wustl.edu
Rubin
Adalberto S
AS
Laviolette
Michel
M
Fiterman
Jussara
J
De Andrade Lima
Marina
M
Shah
Pallav L
PL
Fiss
Elie
E
Olivenstein
Ronald
R
Thomson
Neil C
NC
Niven
Robert M
RM
Pavord
Ian D
ID
Simoff
Michael
M
Duhamel
David R
DR
McEvoy
Charlene
C
Barbers
Richard
R
Ten Hacken
Nicolaas H T
NH
Wechsler
Michael E
ME
Holmes
Mark
M
Phillips
Martin J
MJ
Erzurum
Serpil
S
Lunn
William
W
Israel
Elliot
E
Jarjour
Nizar
N
Kraft
Monica
M
Shargill
Narinder S
NS
Quiring
John
J
Berry
Scott M
SM
Cox
Gerard
G
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000601:surgery*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000601:surgery*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004564:Electrocoagulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D055815:Young Adult