title: Thermally-dried immobilized kefir on casein as starter culture in dried whey cheese production.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of thermally-dried immobilized kefir on casein as a starter culture for protein-enriched dried whey cheese. For comparison reasons, dried whey cheese with thermally-dried free kefir culture and with no starter culture were also produced. The effect of the nature of the culture, the ripening temperature and the ripening process on quality characteristics of the whey cheese was studied. The association of microbial groups during cheese maturation suggested repression of spoilage and protection from pathogens due to the thermally-dried kefir, as counts of coliforms, enterobacteria and staphylococci were significantly reduced in cheeses produced using thermally-dried kefir starter cultures. The effect of the starter culture on production of volatile compounds responsible for cheese flavor was also studied using the SPME GC/MS technique. Thermally-dried immobilized kefir starter culture resulted in an improved profile of aroma-related compounds. The preliminary sensory evaluation ascertained the soft, fine taste and the overall improved quality of cheese produced with the thermally-dried immobilized kefir. The potential of protein-based thermally-dried starter cultures in dairy products is finally highlighted and assessed.
authors.affiliation: Food Biotechnology Group, Section of Analytical Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, Patras GR-26500, Achaia, Greece.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dimitrellou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kourkoutas
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Koutinas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanellaki
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry; D002611:Cheese / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000592:standards; D043302:Cultured Milk Products / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods; D005612:Freeze Drying; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins