title: Ten-year change in plasma amyloid beta levels and late-life cognitive decline.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma levels of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) are potential biomarkers of early cognitive impairment and decline and of Alzheimer disease risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To relate midlife plasma Abeta measures and 10-year change in plasma Abeta measures since midlife to late-life cognitive decline.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of a population-based sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma Abeta40 and Abeta42 levels were measured in 481 Nurses' Health Study participants in late midlife (mean age, 63.6 years) and again 10 years later (mean age, 74.6 years). Cognitive testing also began 10 years after the initial blood draw. Participants completed 3 repeated telephone-based assessments (mean span, 4.1 years). Multivariable linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate relations of midlife plasma Abeta40 to Abeta42 ratios and Abeta42 levels to late-life cognitive decline, as well as relations of 10-year change in Abeta40 to Abeta42 ratios and Abeta42 levels to cognitive decline.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 3 primary outcomes were the Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS) findings, a global score averaging the results of all tests (TICS, immediate and delayed verbal recall, category fluency, and attention), and a verbal memory score averaging the results of 4 tests of verbal recall.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher midlife plasma Abeta40 to Abeta42 ratios were associated with worse late-life decline on the global score (P = .04 for trend). Furthermore, increase in Abeta40 to Abeta42 ratios since midlife predicted greater decline in the global score (P = .03 for trend) and in the TICS (P = .02 for trend). There was no association of cognitive decline with midlife plasma Abeta42 levels alone or with change in Abeta42 levels since midlife.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this large community-dwelling sample, higher plasma Abeta40 to Abeta42 ratios in late midlife and increases in Abeta40 to Abeta42 ratios 10 years later were significantly associated with greater decline in global cognition at late life.
authors.affiliation: Division of Aging and Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Ave, Third Floor, Boston, MA 02115, USA. olivia.okereke@channing.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Olivia I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Okereke
authors.forename: Weiming
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Dennis J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Selkoe
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grodstein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004493:Education; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides