Genetic manipulation of dysferlin expression in skeletal muscle: novel insights into muscular dystrophy.
Mutations in the gene DYSF, which codes for the protein dysferlin, underlie Miyoshi myopathy and limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2B in humans and produce a slowly progressing skeletal muscle degenerative disease in mice. Dysferlin is a Ca(2+)-sensing, regulatory protein that is involved in membrane repair after injury. To assess the function of dysferlin in healthy and dystrophic skeletal muscle, we generated skeletal muscle-specific transgenic mice with threefold overexpression of this protein. These mice were phenotypically indistinguishable from wild-type, and more importantly, the transgene completely rescued the muscular dystrophy (MD) disease in Dysf-null A/J mice. The dysferlin transgene rescued all histopathology and macrophage infiltration in skeletal muscle of Dysf(-/-) A/J mice, as well as promoted the rapid recovery of muscle function after forced lengthening contractions. These results indicate that MD in A/J mice is autonomous to skeletal muscle and not initiated by any other cell type. However, overexpression of dysferlin did not improve dystrophic symptoms or membrane instability in the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex-lacking Scgd (delta-sarcoglycan) null mouse, indicating that dysferlin functionality is not a limiting factor underlying membrane repair in other models of MD. In summary, the restoration of dysferlin in skeletal muscle fibers is sufficient to rescue the MD in Dysf-deficient mice, although its mild overexpression does not appear to functionally enhance membrane repair in other models of MD.
Millay
Douglas P
DP
Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, USA.
Maillet
Marjorie
M
Roche
Joseph A
JA
Sargent
Michelle A
MA
McNally
Elizabeth M
EM
Bloch
Robert J
RJ
Molkentin
Jeffery D
JD
D000818:Animals; D000073939:Dysferlin; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049031:Sarcoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
C114839:DYSF protein, human; D000073939:Dysferlin; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049031:Sarcoglycans