title: Comparing the efficacy in providing instant relief of dentin hypersensitivity of a new toothpaste containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluoride relative to a benchmark desensitizing toothpaste containing 2% potassium ion and 1450 ppm fluoride, and to a control toothpaste with 1450 ppm fluoride: a three-day clinical study in New Jersey, USA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this double-blind, randomized, parallel-design clinical study was to compare the efficacy in reducing dentin hypersensitivity of a novel toothpaste containing 8.0% arginine, calcium carbonate, and 1450 ppm fluoride to a benchmark desensitizing toothpaste containing 2% potassium ion and 1450 ppm fluoride, and to a control toothpaste containing 1450 ppm fluoride, instantly after a single direct topical self-application using a fingertip, and after subsequent brushing twice daily for three days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualifying subjects from the Piscataway, New Jersey, USA area who presented two hypersensitive teeth with a tactile hypersensitivity score (Yeaple Probe) between 10 and 50 grams of force, and an air blast hypersensitivity score of 2 or 3 (Schiff Sensitivity Scale), participated in this study. The first phase of the study consisted of a single topical application of the assigned product directly onto the hypersensitive surface of each of the two baseline-designated hypersensitive teeth. Study subjects applied a pea-size amount of their assigned toothpaste onto the hypersensitive surface of each tooth and massaged each surface for one minute. The second phase of the study consisted of twice-daily at-home brushing with the assigned toothpaste for three days. Dentin hypersensitivity assessments, as well as examinations of oral hard and soft tissues, were conducted at baseline, immediately after direct topical application, and after three days of product use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-hundred and twenty-five subjects complied with the study protocol and completed the study. Relative to the benchmark desensitizing toothpaste and the control toothpaste groups, the 8.0% arginine toothpaste group exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.05) reductions in dentin hypersensitivity on both tactile and air blast hypersensitivity scores immediately after direct application. Reductions in sensitivity for the 8.0% arginine toothpaste compared to the benchmark desensitizing toothpaste and control toothpaste were 161.2% and 180.2% (tactile), and 59.8% and 58.0% (air blast), respectively. Relative to the benchmark desensitizing toothpaste and control toothpaste groups, the 8.0% arginine group exhibited statistically significant (p < 0.05) reductions in sensitivity after the subsequent three days of twice-daily regular tooth brushing of 147.1% and 181.2% (tactile), and 70.1% and 70.9% (air blast), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single fingertip topical self-application of a new 8.0% arginine-calcium carbonate toothpaste directly onto the hypersensitive surface of teeth provides significant immediate improvement in dentin hypersensitivity relative to an identical application of a control toothpaste and to a benchmark potassium-based desensitizing toothpaste. Significant improvements in dentin hypersensitivity were also demonstrated after three days of brushing with the 8.0% arginine-calcium carbonate toothpaste, subsequent to the single topical self-application of the product, relative to an identical application of the control toothpaste and to the potassium-based desensitizing toothpaste. The improvement demonstrated by the 8.0% arginine toothpaste after direct application was maintained after three days of twice-daily brushing.
authors.affiliation: Oral Health Clinical Services LLC, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nathoo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: DeVizio
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cummins
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Mateo
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D000388:Air; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019985:Benchmarking; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000145:classification / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014110:Touch; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D010710:Phosphates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D014100:Toothpastes; C012980:fluorophosphate; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D001120:Arginine; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D005459:Fluorides; C023844:potassium nitrate; D011188:Potassium