title: Growth performance, vitamin E status, and proximate and fatty acid composition of channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, fed diets containing various levels of fish oil and vitamin E.
abstract: A study was conducted to determine the effect of increasing dietary levels of fish oil on vitamin E requirement and their effect on growth performance, liver vitamin E status, and tissue proximate and fatty acid compositions of channel catfish. Basal purified diets (42% protein and 3,800 kcal DE/kg) supplemented with 6, 10, and 14% menhaden fish oil were each supplemented with 50, 100, and 200 mg vitamin E/kg (3×3 factorial experiment). Each diet was fed to juvenile channel catfish in three random aquaria to apparent satiation twice daily for 12 weeks. Weight gain, feed intake, and feed efficiency ratio were not affected by dietary levels of fish oil, vitamin E, or their interaction. Survival rate at the end of week 12 was significantly lower for fish fed diets containing 14% fish oil, regardless of vitamin E content. Whole-body moisture significantly decreased and lipid increased when dietary lipid levels were increased to 10 or 14%. Dietary vitamin E levels had no effect on body proximate composition. Lipid content of liver was not influenced by dietary levels of fish oil and vitamin E or their interaction. Hepatosomatic index significantly decreased with increasing lipid levels but was not affected by dietary levels of vitamin E. Liver vitamin E increased with increasing dietary vitamin E but decreased with increasing fish oil levels. Fatty acid composition of whole body and liver reflected that of dietary lipid but was not influenced by dietary levels of vitamin E. Whole-body saturates increased, whereas MUFA decreased with increasing dietary levels of fish oil. Liver saturates were not affected by fish oil levels, but MUFA and n-6 decreased and increased, respectively, with increasing fish oil levels. Total n-3 and n-3 HUFA in both tissues increased with increasing fish oil levels in diets, but liver stored much higher levels of these fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: Aquatic Animal Health Research Laboratory, USDA-ARS, MSA, 990 Wire Road, Auburn, AL 36832, USA. chhorn.lim@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Chhorn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Mediha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yildirim-Aksoy
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shelby
authors.forename: Menghe H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Phillip H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Klesius
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods*; D001823:Body Composition; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007059:Ictaluridae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005395:Fish Oils; D014810:Vitamin E