title: Adjunctive tamsulosin improves stone free rate after ureteroscopic lithotripsy of large renal and ureteric calculi: a prospective randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the role of tamsulosin on the stone free rate and the rate of colic episodes after ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy. The presence of alpha-1A adrenoceptor in the distal ureteral smooth muscle prompted the use of tamsulosin, a selective alpha-1 blocker, to promote spontaneous passage of distal ureteral and juxtavesical calculi. Tamsulosin also improves stone clearance after shock wave lithotripsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight patients with large renal or ureteral calculi underwent ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy by a single endourologist. Stone size varied from 1 to 2 cm. After treatment, the patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The study group (n = 40) received tamsulosin 0.4 mg and standard analgesia (tylenol with codeine). The control group (n = 38) received standard analgesia only. The primary endpoint was stone free rate, determined by helical computerized tomography at 4 weeks. The secondary endpoint was the rate of ureteric colic episodes during the 4-week period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 73 patients available for follow up, the stone free rate was 86.5% in the study group, compared with 69.4% in the control group. 22.2% of the control group had colic episodes, whereas only 5.4% of the study group had colic. These were statistically significant with P <.01.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with tamsulosin improves the stone free rate and reduces the occurrence of colic episodes, after ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy of large renal and ureteric calculi. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show the efficacy of adjuvant tamsulosin after ureteroscopic lithotripsy.
authors.affiliation: Urology Center of Excellence of South Florida, Jackson South Hospital, Miami, FL 33157, USA. tonytjohn@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tony T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Razdan
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077409:Tamsulosin; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018666:Ureteroscopy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000077409:Tamsulosin