Vaccines for Venezuelan equine encephalitis.
Arboviruses are capable of causing encephalitis in animals and human population when transmitted by the vector or potentially via infectious aerosol. Recent re-emergence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) in South America emphasizes the importance of this pathogen to public health and veterinary medicine. Despite its importance no antivirals or vaccines against VEEV are currently available in the USA. Here we review some of the older and newer approaches aimed at generating a safe and immunogenic vaccine as well as most recent data about the mechanistic of protection in animal models of infection.
Paessler
Slobodan
S
Department of Pathology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, and Sealy Center for Vaccine Development, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0609, USA. slpaessl@utmb.edu
Weaver
Scott C
SC
D000818:Animals; D004666:Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / Q000276:immunology*; D004685:Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000276:immunology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D014765:Viral Vaccines