title: PTPsigma is a receptor for chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, an inhibitor of neural regeneration.
abstract: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) present a barrier to axon regeneration. However, no specific receptor for the inhibitory effect of CSPGs has been identified. We showed that a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase, PTPsigma, binds with high affinity to neural CSPGs. Binding involves the chondroitin sulfate chains and a specific site on the first immunoglobulin-like domain of PTPsigma. In culture, PTPsigma(-/-) neurons show reduced inhibition by CSPG. A PTPsigma fusion protein probe can detect cognate ligands that are up-regulated specifically at neural lesion sites. After spinal cord injury, PTPsigma gene disruption enhanced the ability of axons to penetrate regions containing CSPG. These results indicate that PTPsigma can act as a receptor for CSPGs and may provide new therapeutic approaches to neural regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Alan P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Tenney
authors.forename: Sarah A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Fernando X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Cuascut
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Flanagan
mesh_terms: D053674:Aggrecans / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology; D001665:Binding Sites; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016501:Neurites / Q000502:physiology; D058580:Neurocan; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D053674:Aggrecans; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D008024:Ligands; C507576:Ncan protein, mouse; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D058580:Neurocan; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; C516885:Ptprs protein, mouse; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2