title: Leukocyte count and incidence of hospitalizations due to heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukocyte concentration in blood is a classical marker of systemic inflammation. Whether high leukocyte counts are associated with incidence of heart failure (HF) is unknown. This population-based study explored whether the leukocyte concentrations were associated with incidence of hospitalizations due to HF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leukocyte counts were measured in 16 940 men from the general population (mean age 44 years) without history of myocardial infarction or stroke. Incidence of hospitalizations due to HF (primary diagnosis) was monitored over 23 years of follow-up, in relation to quartiles of leukocytes. Subjects with myocardial infarction during follow-up were censored in the main analysis. During the follow-up, 436 men were hospitalized due to HF. Incidence of HF hospitalizations was increased in men with high leukocyte counts. After adjustments for confounding factors, the adjusted hazards ratio (HR, 95% CI) for HF hospitalization was 1.00 (reference), 1.26 (0.93 to 1.7), 1.24 (0.91 to 1.7), and 1.73 (1.3 to 2.3), respectively, for men with leukocytes in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th (highest) quartiles (trend, P<0.001). This relationship was consistent in smokers and nonsmokers and in men with and without hypertension, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High leukocyte counts in middle-aged men were associated with increased long-term incidence of HF hospitalizations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences in Malmö, Lund University, Sweden. Gunnar.Engstrom@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Engström
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Melander
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hedblad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors