title: Cyclosporine A administered during reperfusion fails to restore cardioprotection in prediabetic Zucker obese rats in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hyperglycaemia blocks sevoflurane-induced postconditioning, and cardioprotection in hyperglycaemic myocardium can be restored by inhibition of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP). We investigated whether sevoflurane-induced postconditioning is also blocked in the prediabetic heart and if so, whether cardioprotection could be restored by inhibiting mPTP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Zucker lean (ZL) and Zucker obese (ZO) rats were assigned to one of seven groups. Animals underwent 25 min of ischaemia and 120 min of reperfusion. Control (ZL-/ZO Con) animals were not further treated. postconditioning groups (ZL-/ZO Sevo-post) received sevoflurane for 5 min starting 1min prior to the onset of reperfusion. The mPTP inhibitor cyclosporine A (CsA) was administered intravenously in a concentration of 5 (ZO CsA and ZO CsA+Sevo-post) or 10 mg/kg (ZO CsA10+Sevo-post) 5 min before the onset of reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, infarct sizes were measured by TTC staining. Blood samples were collected to measure plasma levels of insulin, cholesterol and triglycerides. Sevoflurane postconditioning reduced infarct size in ZL rats to 35±12% (p<0.05 vs. ZL Con: 60±6%). In ZO rats sevoflurane postconditioning was abolished (ZO Sevo-post: 59±12%, n.s. vs. ZO Con: 58±6%). 5 mg and 10 mg CsA could not restore cardioprotection (ZO CsA+Sevo-post: 59±7%, ZO CsA10+Sevo-post: 57±14%; n.s. vs. ZO Con). In ZO rats insulin, cholesterol and triglyceride levels were significant higher than in ZL rats (all p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibition of mPTP with CsA failed to restore cardioprotection in the prediabetic but normoglycaemic heart of Zucker obese rats in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Academic Medical Centre (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huhn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinen
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Hollmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schlack
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Preckel
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D057775:Ischemic Postconditioning; D008297:Male; D055442:Metabolome; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000150:complications*; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D016572:Cyclosporine