title: Wild boars as reservoirs of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Escherichia coli of different phylogenetic groups.
abstract: ESBL-producing E. coli isolates have been isolated from eight of seventy seven faecal samples (10.4%) of wild boars in Portugal. The ESBL types identified by PCR and sequencing were bla(CTX-M-1) (6 isolates) and bla(CTX-M-1) + bla(TEM1-b) (2 isolates). Further resistance genes detected included tet (A) or tet (B) (in three tetracycline-resistant isolates), aad A (in three streptomycin-resistant isolates), cml A (in one chloramphenicol-resistant isolate), sul 1 and/or sul 2 and/or sul 3 (in all sulfonamide-resistant isolates). The intI 1 gene encoding class 1 integrase was detected in all ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. One isolate also carried the intI 2 gene, encoding class 2 integrase. The ESBL-producing E. coli isolates could be assigned to phylogenetic groups B1 (3 isolates), B2 (3 isolates) or A (2 isolates). Amino acid change in GyrA protein (Ser83Leu or Asp87Tyr) was detected in three nalidixic acid-resistant and ciprofloxacin-susceptible isolates. Two amino acid changes in GyrA (Ser83Leu + Asp87Asn) and one in ParC (Ser80Ile) were identified in two nalidixic acid- and ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates. As evidenced by this study wild boars could be a reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Science Department, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Vila Real, Portugal. ppoeta@utad.pt
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Poeta
authors.forename: Hajer
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Radhouani
authors.forename: Luís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: António
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinho
authors.forename: Vítor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rego
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Vanesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Estepa
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Igrejas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D011174:Portugal; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000382:microbiology*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D001618:beta-Lactamases