title: Sevoflurane-induced post-conditioning has no beneficial effects on neuroprotection after incomplete cerebral ischemia in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether sevoflurane-induced post-conditioning has a neuroprotective effect against incomplete cerebral ischemia in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  After cerebral ischemia by right common carotid artery occlusion in combination with hemorrhagic hypotension (35 mmHg) for 30 min, 1.0 minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane was administered for 15 min (Post-C 15, n=8), 30 min (Post-C 30, n=8), or 60 min (Post-C 60, n=8) in rats. Sevoflurane was not administered in control (n=8) and sham control rats (n=8). Neurologic evaluations were performed at 24, 48, and 72 h after ischemia. Degrees of neuronal damage in ischemic hippocampal CA1 and the cortex were assessed by counting eosinophilic neurons, and detection of DNA fragmentation was performed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neurologic deficit scores in the Post-C 60 group were higher than in the control group at 48 and 72 h post-ischemia (P<0.05). No differences were observed in the percentages of eosinophilic neurons among the control (CA1: 37.3 +/- 25.4, cortex: 26.0 +/- 8.9), Post-C 15 (CA1: 54.0 +/- 21.4, cortex: 30.8 +/- 19.9), or Post-C 30 (CA1: 68.4 +/- 17.5, cortex: 38.0 +/- 11.0) groups in ischemic CA1 and cortices. However, in the Post-C 60 group, the percentages of eosinophilic neurons were higher than in the control group in CA1 and cortices (P<0.05). The percentages of TUNEL-positive cell were similar in the control group and the post-conditioned groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show that sevoflurane administration after ischemia does not provide neuroprotection in rats subjected to incomplete cerebral ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, 317-1, Daemyungdong, Namgu, 705-717 Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: H-M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D-H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S-R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y-W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D-L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.forename: H-S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: DO
authors.forename: H-M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S-J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003243:Consciousness / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009129:Muscle Tonus / Q000187:drug effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004396:Coloring Agents; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D000077149:Sevoflurane