title: Role of asymmetric-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA) and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in female subjects with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the role of asymmetric-dimethyl-L-arginine (ADMA), an endogenous nitric oxide synthetases (NOS) inhibitor, and nitrite/nitrate (NOx) in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in early stages of type 1 diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured in 99 female subjects with uncomplicated type 1 diabetes (duration disease <10 years) and in 44 sex-matched controls (comparable for age, smoking habit, diet and physical activity) plasma levels of NOx, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, uric acid, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and serum ADMA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Type 1 diabetic subjects have higher levels of glycemia, HbA1c, LDL cholesterol and NOx, but lower ADMA and serum uric acid (UA), compared with the control group; no further differences were found. A significant linear and inverse correlation was found between NOx and ADMA levels (R(2)=0.237, p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a reduced ADMA inhibition of NOS as possible mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of oxidative stress in female subjects with a short duration and uncomplicated type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Diabetologia, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. dario.pitocco@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pitocco
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zaccardi
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Stasio
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Romitelli
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Giovanni Luca
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Scaglione
authors.forename: Dorina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Speranza
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuppi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ghirlanda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001120:Arginine; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D014527:Uric Acid; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine