title: Transfusion related acute lung injury.
abstract: Transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI) is an uncommon but potentially fatal adverse reaction to transfusion of plasma containing blood components. We describe a case of 10-year-old male child with aplastic anemia, platelet count of 7800/l, B positive blood group who developed fever (39.2C), difficulty in breathing and cyanosis within 2 hrs after transfusion of a random platelet concentrate. Despite the best resuscitative efforts, the child died within next 24 hrs. The present case highlights the fact that TRALI should be kept as a differential diagnosis in all patients developing acute respiratory discomfort within 6 hrs of transfusion. Without a 'gold standard' the diagnosis of TRALI relies on a high index of suspicion and on excluding other types of transfusion reactions. Notification to transfusion services is crucial to ensure that a proper investigation is carried out and at-risk donor and recipients can be identified, and risk reduction measures can be adopted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Transfusion Medicine, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Ratti Ram
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Prasun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: Beenu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thakral
authors.forename: Karan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saluja
authors.forename: Neelam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marwaha
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D065227:Transfusion Reaction