title: Management options for accidental injection of epinephrine from an autoinjector: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epinephrine autoinjector devices are used with increasing frequency to treat severe anaphylactic reactions. Accidental injection, usually involving a finger, is a potential complication.
  
  
  METHODS
  A physician in a Family Practice training program accidentally injected epinephrine into his left thumb while reading the operating instructions of an autoinjector (Epipen((R))). He developed swelling, pallor, and pain in the thumb. Treatment included topical nitroglycerin, oral vasodilators and warming of the thumb. As expected, none caused an immediate response; however, after 8 hours, the thumb was pink and warm. There was full recovery 2 months after the accident. We reviewed the treatment of accidental epinephrine injection, and found that the use of parenteral adrenergic alpha blocker phentolamine would have produced immediate recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All health professionals concerned with the use of epinephrine autoinjectors should receive adequate instruction on their use. A regimen for management of accidental epinephrine injection, in particular the use of phentolamine, should be emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ambulatory Care and Community Medicine, University of Lausanne Bugnon 44, 1011 Lausanne-CHUV Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mathez
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Favrat
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staeger