title: A mathematical model of weight change with adaptation.
abstract: As obesity and its related health problems grow around the world, efforts to control and manage weight is increasing in importance. It is well known that altering and maintaining weight is problematic and this has led to specific studies trying to determine the cause of the difficulty. Recent research has identified that the body reacts to forced weight change by adapting individual total energy expenditure. Key factors are an adaptation of resting metabolic rate, non-exercise activity thermogenesis and dietary induced thermogenesis. We develop a differential equation model based on the first law of thermodynamics that incorporates all three adjustments along with natural age related reduction of the resting metabolic rate. Forward time simulations of the model compare well with mean data in both overfeeding and calorie restriction studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematical Sciences, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA. thomasdia@mail.montclair.edu
authors.forename: Diana M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciesla
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Corby K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055641:Mathematical Concepts; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D022722:Thermogenesis; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*