title: Immigrants vs. non-immigrants: attitudes toward and practices of non-therapeutic male circumcision in the United States of America.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore and compare attitudes toward and practices of non-therapeutic male circumcision (NTMC) between immigrants and non-immigrants.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted 8 focus groups involving 44 participants of the lay public (21 immigrants and 23 non-immigrants) and 14 extended interviews with physicians (9 family physicians and 5 pediatricians).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four themes regarding NTMC were identified: knowledge and awareness, benefits and drawbacks, Medicaid and American Academy of Pediatrics practices and recommendations, and medical and cultural competence issues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The influx of immigrants may decrease the incidence of NTMC in the United States. Health professionals need to be culturally competent in interacting with both immigrants and non-immigrants regarding NTMC-related issues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Kansas School of Medicine-Wichita, Kansas 67214-3199, USA. shawley@kumc.edu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Suzanne R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.forename: Angelia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paschal
authors.forename: Doren D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Fredrickson
authors.forename: Theresa L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: St Romain
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Cherven
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000208:ethnology*; D054521:Cultural Competency; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007615:Kansas; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010820:Physicians; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D014481:United States