title: Gln27Glu variant of Beta2-adrenoceptor gene affects male type fat accumulation in women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The beta2-adrenergic receptor (BAR2) is the main lipolytic receptor in white human adipose tissue. There is a functional glutamine 27 glutamic acid (Gln27Glu, rs 1042714) polymorphism in its gene, which has been variably associated with body mass index. This gene variant may be associated with male-type adiposity in women and thus increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated whether the BAR2 Gln27Glu polymorphism is associated with visceral fat and coronary intima thickness in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The amount of mesenteric and omental fat was directly measured and anthropometric measurements were done from 112 forensic autopsy cases of women aged 15 to 49 years. The thickness of the coronary intima, which reflects the severity of atherosclerosis, was measured by computerized image analysis. The BAR2 Gln27Glu polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the amount of visceral fat was significantly higher in women with the Glu allele (689 +/- 555 g) compared to Gln/Gln homozygotes (481 +/- 392 g, P = 0.023). The waist-hip ratio also tended to be higher in women with the Glu allele compared to Gln/Gln homozygotes (p = 0.050). There were no statistically significant differences between the genotype groups in BMI or the thickness of coronary intima.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Glu allele of the BAR2 gene may be a risk factor for visceral fat accumulation in young to middle-aged women. However, this polymorphism was not associated with preclinical atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Tampere Medical School, Tampere, Finland. tarja.kunnas@uta.fi
authors.forename: Tarja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunnas
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lahtio
authors.forename: Marja-Leena
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kortelainen
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalela
authors.forename: Seppo T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Nikkari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D005973:Glutamine / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D005973:Glutamine; D018698:Glutamic Acid