title: Regulation of ciliary polarity by the APC/C.
abstract: Planar cell polarity signaling controls a variety of polarized cell behaviors. In multiciliated Xenopus epidermal cells, recruitment of Dishevelled (Dvl) to the basal body and its localization to the center of the ciliary rootlet are required to correctly position the motile cilia. We now report that the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C) recognizes a D-box motif of Dvl and ubiquitylates Dvl on a highly conserved lysine residue. Inhibition of APC/C function by knockdown of the ANAPC2 subunit disrupts the polarity of motile cilia and alters the directionality of the fluid movement along the epidermis of the Xenopus embryo. Our results suggest that the APC/C activity enables cilia to correctly polarize in Xenopus epidermal cells.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Athina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ganner
authors.forename: Soeren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lienkamp
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Romaker
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wegierski
authors.forename: Tae Joo
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spreitzer
authors.forename: Matias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gloy
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Wallingford
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Walz
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D064190:Apc2 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology*; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D005260:Female; D018390:Gene Targeting; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C000606586:DVL1 protein, Xenopus; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; C577341:Anapc2 protein, mouse; D064173:Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome; D064190:Apc2 Subunit, Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome