title: Genetic factors associated with intestinal metaplasia in a high risk Singapore-Chinese population: a cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is an important precursor lesion in the development of gastric cancer (GC). The aim of this study was to investigate genetic factors previously linked to GC risk for their possible association with IM. A total of 18 polymorphisms in 14 candidate genes were evaluated in a Singapore-Chinese population at high risk of developing GC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotype frequencies were compared between individuals presenting with (n = 128) or without (n = 246) IM by both univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carriers of the NQO1 609 T allele showed an association with IM in individuals who were seropositive for Helicobacter pylori (HP+; OR = 2.61, 95%CI: 1.18-5.80, P = .018). The IL-10 819 C allele was also associated with IM in HP+ individuals (OR = 2.32, 95%CI: 1.21-4.43, P = 0.011), while the PTPN11 A allele was associated with IM in HP- individuals (OR = 2.51, 95%CI: 1.16-5.40, P = 0.019), but showed an inverse association in HP+ subjects (OR = 0.46, 95%CI: 0.21-0.99, P = 0.048).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms in NQO1, IL-10 and PTPN11, in combination with HP status, could be used to identify individuals who are more likely to develop IM and therefore GC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. mdczhuf@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Sumarlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: King Xin
authors.initials: KX
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Kin Wai
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salto-Tellez
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Iacopetta
authors.forename: Khay Guan
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.forename: Richie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human; C516724:PTPN11 protein, human; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11