title: Gingival recession in maxillary canines and central incisors of individuals with clefts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mucogingival alterations are inherent to clefts and may be worsened by the several plastic surgeries required in these individuals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence, severity, and some possible etiologic factors of gingival recessions in teeth adjacent to the cleft.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 641 teeth (maxillary canines and central incisors) of 193 individuals with cleft lip and/or palate were examined. A generalized linear model was used, and the Wilcoxon test was used to compare the recession with cleft types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison among cleft types as to the presence of recession revealed a statistically significant positive relationship for the maxillary right and left central incisors only in the group with left cleft lip, alveolus, and palate (P = .034). The most frequently affected tooth was the right maxillary canine (26.16%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of recession in teeth close to the cleft was higher, although it was not very severe.
authors.affiliation: Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo (FOB/USP); Periodontist, Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies, University of São Paulo (HRAC/USP), Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil. al_fraga@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Ana Lúcia Pompéia Fraga
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Michyele Cristhiane
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sbrana
authors.forename: Luis Augusto
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Esper
authors.forename: Sebastião Luiz Aguiar
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Greghi
authors.forename: Paulo César Rodrigues
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications*; D003481:Cuspid; D005260:Female; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008875:Middle Aged; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances / Q000009:adverse effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult