title: Impaired anti-inflammatory function of apolipoprotein A-II concentrations predicts metabolic syndrome and diabetes at 4 years follow-up in elderly Turks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated prospectively the predictive value of serum apolipoprotein (apo) A-II, the second major apolipoprotein of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), for cardiometabolic risk in Turkish adults showing abnormalities in other proteins that normally confer protection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Determinants of apoA-II and its associations with coronary heart disease (CHD), metabolic syndrome (MetS) and diabetes were investigated at 4 years follow-up in 193 elderly men and women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ApoA-II concentrations at baseline, in addition to being significantly related to HDL-cholesterol, were directly associated with complement C3 in multivariate linear regression analyses comprising nine variables. Following adjustment for gender, age and HDL-cholesterol (>30/>33 g/L, in men and women, respectively), low serum apoA-II concentrations predicted incident MetS [relative risk (RR) 3.5 (95% CI 1.4; 8.6)] and type 2 diabetes [RR 4.5 (95% CI 1.3; 15.6)] in both genders at an increment of 1 SD. Increased apoA-II values were not associated with prevalent or incident CHD, and tended to be marginally atheroprotective only in males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum apoA-II concentrations confer risk for MetS and diabetes and exhibit evidence of anti-inflammatory properties among Turks. These findings support the effects seen for several other HDL protein constituents. This finding may explain the increased cardiometabolic risk among Turks.
authors.affiliation: Turkish Society of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey. alt_onat@yahoo.com.tr
authors.forename: Altan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onat
authors.forename: Gülay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hergenç
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ayhan
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uğur
authors.forename: Günay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Can
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: C115794:APOA2 protein, human; D016633:Apolipoprotein A-II; D015415:Biomarkers