title: [Insulin and type 2 diabetes mellitus].
abstract: Worldwide an increasing number of persons suffers from type 2 diabetes. Often treatment with oral hypoglycemic agents is not sufficient for adequate glycemic control and additional insulin treatment is necessary. Treatment with insulin is recommended if HbA1c levels below 7% cannot be achieved despite lifestyle measures and the proper use of oral hypoglycemic agents. In addition, pregnancy, periods pre and post major operations, treatment in intensive care units, glucocorticoid medication, severe peripheral neuropathy as well as contraindications of oral hypoglycaemic agents may be indications for insulin therapy irrespective of the actual glycemic control. The choice of the appropriate insulin regimen depends on the daily blood glucose profiles and patient needs.
authors.affiliation: Universitätspoliklinik für Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Inselspital, Universität Bern. andrea.lanker@insel.ch
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanker
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Diem
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008687:Metformin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008687:Metformin