title: The impedance threshold device (ITD-7)--a new device for combat casualty care to augment circulation and blood pressure in hypotensive spontaneously breathing warfighters.
abstract: Inspiration through -7cm H2O resistance results in an increase in venous blood flow back to the heart and a subsequent increase in cardiac output and blood pressure in hypotensive animals and patients. Breathing through the impedance threshold device with 7cm H2O resistance (ITD-7) also reduces intracranial pressure with each inspiration, thereby providing greater blood flow to the brain. A new device called an ITD-7 was developed to exploit these physiological mechanisms to buy time in hypotensive War Fighters when other therapies are not readily available. Animal and clinical data with the ITD-7 demonstrate the potential value and limitations of this new non-invasive approach to enhancing circulation.
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Victor A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Convertino
authors.forename: Ahamed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Idris
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lindstrom
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Parquette
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aufderheide
mesh_terms: D001775:Blood Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008887:Military Medicine; D008889:Military Personnel; D012119:Respiration; D013997:Time Factors; D014857:Warfare; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*