title: Cell-type specific transcriptional activities among different papillomavirus long control regions and their regulation by E2.
abstract: This study systematically examined the viral long control region (LCR) activities and their responses to E2 for human papillomavirus (HPV) types 11, 16, and 18 as well as bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1) in a number of different cell types, including human cervical cancer cell lines, human oral keratinocytes, BJ fibroblasts, as well as CV1 cells. The study revealed cell- and virus-type specific differences among the individual LCRs and their regulation by E2. In addition, the integration of the LCR into the host genome was identified as a critical determinant for LCR activity and its response to E2. Collectively, these data indicate a more complex level of transcriptional regulation of the LCR by cellular and viral factors than previously appreciated, including a comparatively low LCR activity and poor E2 responsiveness for HPV16 in most human cells. This study should provide a valuable framework for future transcriptional studies in the papillomavirus field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, 77 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ottinger
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Michal-Ruth
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Schweiger
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robbins
authors.forename: Maria L C
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Howley
mesh_terms: D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D052688:Bovine papillomavirus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000821:virology*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000821:virology*; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral