title: Candidate genes of cerebrovascular disease and sudden sensorineural hearing loss.
abstract: Auditory dysfunction is related to large/small vessel occlusions and hemorrhage. Sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) frequently occurs with anterior inferior cerebellar artery occlusion proximal to the internal auditory artery. Moreover, SSNHL has various pathogenetic mechanisms, the main proposed mechanisms being vascular disease, membrane ruptures, infection, and autoimmunity. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is an important cytokine in the inflammation process of cerebrovascular diseases. In the current study, the possible effects of polymorphisms in TNF-alpha and TNF-beta genes on SSNHL are evaluated. Two genetic polymorphisms in the TNF locus (TNF-alpha -308 G - ->A and TNF-beta +252 A - ->G) were investigated as risk factors for SSNHL by determining their prevalence in 97 SSNHL patients and in 587 controls. A significant increase was found for the TNF-beta allele 1 in SSNHL patients compared with the controls (chi( 2) = 7.251, P = .007, odds ratio [OR] = 1.534, confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-2.10). These findings suggest that the TNF-beta +252 locus plays an important role in the etiopathogenesis of SSNHL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Um
authors.forename: Chul-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Kyu-Yeob
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Na-Hyung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Phil-Dong
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: In-Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Noh-Yil
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Myung
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha