Liposomal gD ectodomain (gD1-306) vaccine protects against HSV2 genital or rectal infection of female and male mice.
Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV2) is the most common causative agent of genital herpes, with infection rates as high as 1 in 6 adults. The present studies were done to evaluate the efficacy of a liposomal HSV2 gD(1-306) vaccine (L-gD(1-306)-HD) in an acute murine HSV2 infection model of intravaginal (female) or intrarectal (male or female) challenge. Two doses of L-gD(1-306)-HD containing 60 microg gD(1-306)-HD and 15 microg monophosphoryl lipid A (MPL) per dose provided protection against HSV2 intravaginal challenge (86-100% survival, P< or =0.0003 vs. control liposomes; P=0.06 vs. L-gD(1-306)-HD without MPL). Both male and female mice (BALB/c and C57BL/6) immunized with L-gD(1-306)-HD/MPL were significantly protected against HSV2 intrarectal challenge, with higher survival rates compared to controls (71-100%, P< or =0.007). L-gD(1-306)-HD/MPL also provided increased survival when compared to a liposomal peptide vaccine, L-gD(264-285)-HD/MPL (male BALB/c, P</=0.001; female BALB/c and male C57BL/6, P=0.06). Mice given L-gD(1-306)-HD/MPL also had minimal disease signs, reduced viral burden in their spinal cords and elevated neutralizing antibody titers in the females. The vaccine also stimulated gD(1-306)-HD specific splenocytes of both male and female mice with significantly elevated levels of IFN-gamma compared to IL-4 (P< or =0.01) indicating that there was an enhanced Th1 response. These results provide the first evidence that the L-gD(1-306)-HD vaccine can protect both male and female mice against intrarectal HSV2 challenge.
Olson
K
K
California State Polytechnic University Pomona, 3801 West Temple Ave., Pomona, CA 91768, USA.
Macias
P
P
Hutton
S
S
Ernst
W A
WA
Fujii
G
G
Adler-Moore
J P
JP
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005835:Genitalia / Q000821:virology*; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012007:Rectum / Q000821:virology*
D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines