title: Randomized evaluation of right atrial ablation after left atrial ablation of complex fractionated atrial electrograms for long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With electrogram-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of long-lasting persistent atrial fibrillation (AF), the best results have been reported when complex fractionated electrograms (CFAEs) in both the left (LA) and right (RA) atria were targeted. However, many studies have reported excellent outcomes from RFA of long-lasting persistent AF with the use of other ablation strategies that were limited to the LA. The incremental value of RFA of RA CFAEs is yet to be defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 85 patients with long-lasting persistent AF (age=59+/-10 years), RFA was directed at CFAEs in the LA and coronary sinus until AF terminated (19) or all identified LA CFAEs were eliminated. Sixty-six patients who remained in AF were randomly assigned to cardioversion and no further RFA (n=33) or to RFA of RA CFAEs (n=33). RA sites consisted of the crista terminalis (69%), septum (38%), superior vena cava (28%), coronary sinus ostium (22%), and the base of the appendage (31%). AF terminated in 1 (3%) of 33 patients during RA RFA. At 17+/-6 months after a single ablation procedure, 74% of the patients in whom AF terminated during LA RFA were in sinus rhythm. Rates of freedom from AF were similar in the patients randomized to no RFA in the RA (24%) and those randomized to RFA of RA CFAEs (30%, P=0.8). The ablation procedure was repeated in 26 patients (31%) for AF (n=22) or atrial flutter (n=4). At 16+/-7 months after the final procedure, 89% of the patients in whom AF terminated during LA RFA were in sinus rhythm. Among the randomized patients, the proportion of patients who remained in sinus rhythm was similar in patients who did not undergo RFA of RA CFAEs (52%) and those who did (58%, P=0.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After RFA of CFAEs in the LA and coronary sinus, ablation of CFAEs in the RA provides little or no increment in efficacy among patients with long-lasting persistent AF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich., USA. oralh@umich.edu
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oral
authors.forename: Aman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chugh
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Good
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Jean F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Sarrazin
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuhne
authors.forename: Nagib
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chalfoun
authors.forename: Darryl
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Warangkna
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boonyapisit
authors.forename: Nitesh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gadeela
authors.forename: Sundar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sankaran
authors.forename: Ayman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kfahagi
authors.forename: Krit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jongnarangsin
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pelosi
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bogun
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morady
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects; D054326:Coronary Sinus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D004554:Electric Countershock; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents