title: Luteolin as a therapeutic option for multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) remains without an effective treatment in spite of intense research efforts. Interferon-beta (IFN-beta) reduces duration and severity of symptoms in many relapsing-remitting MS patients, but its mechanism of action is still not well understood. Moreover, IFN-beta and other available treatments must be given parenterally and have a variety of adverse effects. Certain naturally occurring flavonoids, such as luteolin, have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, including inhibition of activated peripheral blood leukocytes from MS patients. Luteolin also inhibits mast cells, as well as mast cell-dependent T cell activation, recently implicated in MS pathogenesis. Moreover, luteolin and structurally similar flavonoids can inhibit experimental allergic allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of MS in rodents. An appropriate luteolin formulation that permits sufficient absorption and reduces its metabolism could be a useful adjuvant to IFN-beta for MS therapy.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunopharmacology and Drug Discovery Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Tufts University School of Medicine and Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA. theoharis.theoharides@tufts.edu
authors.forename: Theoharis C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Theoharides
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047311:Luteolin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011794:Quercetin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016899:Interferon-beta; D011794:Quercetin; D047311:Luteolin