title: Comparative efficacy of BioUD to other commercially available arthropod repellents against the ticks Amblyomma americanum and Dermacentor variabilis on cotton cloth.
abstract: BioUD is an arthropod repellent that contains the active ingredient 2-undecanone originally derived from wild tomato plants. Repellency of BioUD was compared with five commercially available arthropod repellents against the ticks Amblyomma americanum (L.) and Dermacentor variabilis Say in two-choice bioassays on treated versus untreated cotton cheesecloth. Overall mean percentage repellency against both species was greatest for and did not differ significantly between BioUD (7.75% 2-undecanone) and products containing 98.1% DEET, 19.6% IR3535, and 30% oil of lemon eucalyptus. Products containing 5% and 15% Picaridin and 0.5% permethrin were also repellent compared with untreated controls but to a lesser degree than BioUD. The four most active repellents at the same concentrations used before were directly compared in head-to-head bioassays on cotton cheesecloth. BioUD provided significantly greater overall mean percentage repellency than IR3535 for A. americanum and D. variabilis. BioUD was significantly more repellent than oil of lemon eucalyptus for A. americanum but did not differ significantly in repellency against D. variabilis. No statistically significant difference in overall mean percentage repellency was found between BioUD and DEET for A. americanum or D. variabilis. In a 7-week time course bioassay, BioUD applied to cotton cheesecloth and held at room temperature provided 5 weeks of > 90% repellency against A. americanum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA. brooke_bissinger@ncsu.edu
authors.forename: Brooke W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bissinger
authors.forename: Jiwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Apperson
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Sonenshine
authors.forename: D Wesley
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: R Michael
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Roe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D032561:Cotton Fiber; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026863:Ixodidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D013784:Textiles; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007302:Insect Repellents