title: Dietary carbohydrates and change in physical performance of elderly Europeans: Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action (SENECA) 1993 and 1999.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study dietary glycaemic index (GI) and glycaemic load (GL) in association with physical performance in elderly Europeans.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional and prospective study. Physical performance was measured using the Physical Performance Test (PPT) score on a scale from 0 to 27, where high scores indicate a better physical performance. Habitual diets were measured using diet history interviews and dietary GI and GL were estimated from table values.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight towns/centres from the Survey in Europe on Nutrition and the Elderly, a Concerted Action (SENECA) in 1993 and 1999.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred and sixty-five men and women, 75-80 years old, were examined in 1993; of these, 357 (47 %) were followed up in 1999, at age 80-85 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, both dietary GI and GL were significantly inversely associated with PPT scores (P = 0.03 and P = 0.05, respectively). When adjusted for age, BMI, physical activity, self-perceived health, chronic diseases and town/centre, the strength of the associations was attenuated and became non-significant (GI, P = 0.08; GL, P = 0.92). Dietary GI/GL were not associated with PPT scores 6 years later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among elderly Europeans, a high glycaemic diet was associated with a low physical performance at baseline but not 6 years later. Cross-sectional associations may in part be caused by variations in age, BMI, physical activity, self-perceived health, chronic diseases and geographic location.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit for Dietary Studies, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. ibenk@mfi.ku.dk
authors.forename: Iben
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kynde
authors.forename: Kirsten S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Bjørnsbo
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tetens
authors.forename: Berit L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Heitmann
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005060:Europe; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates