title: Partial third nerve palsy involving the superior rectus and levator palpebrae muscles and distruption of central binocular vision fusion from brain stem infarction: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To add to the literature of a case of isolated third nerve paresis involving the nerve fascicles subserving the superior rectus and the levator palpebrae muslces from brain stem infarction and presenting the characteristics of central disruption of binocular vision fusional amplitudes.
  
  
  METHODS
  One patient with an old intracranial aneurysm and with old and recent brain stem infarcts and no other neurological manifestations, demonstrating findings characteristic of isolated paresis of the superior rectus and levator palpebrae muscles is reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This dual involvement of the superior rectus and levator palpebrae muscles supports the anatomical arrangement of the ocular motor nucleus fascicles in the midbrain, clarified by experimental studies on animals and clinical data in humans and emphasizes the juxtaposition of the superior rectus and levator palpebrae fascicles and placing the levator palpebrae mucle fascicle lateral to the medial rectus fascicle in the midbrain. The comitant vertical deviation and the negative Bielschowsky head tilt test support the vertical rectus muscle involvement. The constant diplopia with only 4 prism diopters of hypotropia and with the absence of fusional amplitudes evokes disruption of central binocular fusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. Edward_Khawam@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Khawam
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cherfan
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mollayess
authors.forename: Rola
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamam
mesh_terms: D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D020526:Brain Stem Infarctions / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004172:Diplopia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation*; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015348:Vision, Binocular