title: Comparison of corticotomy-facilitated vs standard tooth-movement techniques in dogs with miniscrews as anchor units.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One method used to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement is the corticotomy-facilitated (CF) technique. The purposes of this study were to (1) identify the effect of the CF technique on orthodontic tooth movement compared with the standard technique, and (2) explore the histologic basis of the difference between the 2 techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six dogs, aged 6 to 9 months, were used in this study. Extraction of the maxillary second premolar and miniscrew placement were done bilaterally in the maxilla. On the right side, the corticotomy was performed. The first premolars were distalized against the miniscrews with nickel-titanium coil springs on both sides. One dog was killed each week after orthodontic force application.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first premolar on the CF side moved significantly more rapidly (P <0.05). Histologic findings showed more active and extensive bone remodeling on both the compressive and tension sides in the CF group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CF technique doubled the rate of orthodontic tooth movement. Histologically, the more active and extensive bone remodeling in the CF group suggested that the acceleration of tooth movement associated with corticotomy is due to increased bone turnover and based on a regional acceleratory phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Department, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. mangoury@usa.net
authors.forename: Yehya Ahmed
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Mostafa
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohamed Salah Fayed
authors.forename: Samah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mehanni
authors.forename: Nader Nabil
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: ElBokle
authors.forename: Ahmed Mostafa
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Heider
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000818:Animals; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000503:physiopathology; D001863:Bone Screws; D003094:Collagen; D003722:Dental Alloys; D004285:Dogs; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009532:Nickel; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000473:pathology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000473:pathology; D011312:Pressure; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014025:Titanium; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; D009532:Nickel; D003094:Collagen; D014025:Titanium