title: Systems metabolic effects of a necator americanus infection in Syrian hamster.
abstract: Hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus) are blood-feeding intestinal nematodes that infect approximately 700 million people worldwide. To further our understanding of the systems metabolic response of the mammalian host to hookworm infection, we employed a metabolic profiling strategy involving the combination of (1)H NMR spectroscopic analysis of urine and serum and multivariate data analysis techniques to investigate the biochemical consequences of a N. americanus infection in the hamster. The infection was characterized by altered energy metabolism, consistent with hookworm-induced anemia. Additionally, disturbance of gut microbiotal activity was associated with a N. americanus infection, manifested in the alterations of microbial-mammalian cometabolites, including phenylacetylglycine, p-cresol glucuronide, 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-phenylpropionic acid, hippurate, 4-hydroxyphenylactate, and dimethylamine. The correlation between worm burden and metabolite concentrations also reflected a changed energy metabolism and gut microbial state. Furthermore, elevated levels of urinary 2-aminoadipate was a characteristic feature of the infection, which may be associated with the documented neurological consequences of hookworm infection.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China. yulan.wang@wipm.ac.cn
authors.forename: Yulan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Burton H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Utzinger
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D015074:2-Aminoadipic Acid / Q000652:urine; D000740:Anemia / Q000382:microbiology; D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008647:Mesocricetus / Q000469:parasitology; D055432:Metabolomics; D017221:Necator americanus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009332:Necatoriasis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015074:2-Aminoadipic Acid