title: Mutations in sodium channel β1- and β2-subunits associated with atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We and others have reported mutations in the cardiac predominant sodium channel gene SCN5A in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). We also have reported that SCN1B is associated with Brugada syndrome and isolated cardiac conduction disease. We tested the hypothesis that mutations in the 4 sodium channel beta-subunit genes SCN1B-SCN4B contribute to AF susceptibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Screening for mutations in the 4 beta-subunit genes was performed in 480 patients with AF (118 patients with lone AF and 362 patients with AF and cardiovascular disease) and 548 control subjects (188 ethnically defined anonymized subjects and 360 subjects without AF). The effects of mutant beta-subunits on SCN5A mediated currents were studied using electrophysiological studies. We identified 2 nonsynonymous variants in SCN1B (resulting in R85H, D153N) and 2 in SCN2B (R28Q, R28W) in patients with AF. These occur at residues highly conserved across mammals and were absent in control subjects. In 3 of 4 mutation carriers, the ECGs showed saddleback-type ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads. Transcripts encoding both SCN1B and SCN2B were detected in human atrium and ventricle. In heterologous expression studies using Chinese hamster ovary cells, the mutant beta1- or beta2-subunits reduced SCN5A-mediated current and altered channel gating compared with coexpression of wild-type subunits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Loss of function mutations in sodium channel beta-subunits were identified in patients with AF and were associated with a distinctive ECG phenotype. These findings further support the hypothesis that decreased sodium current enhances AF susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0575, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Dawood
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Darbar
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jiramongkolchai
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chopra
authors.forename: Brian S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Donahue
authors.forename: Prince J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kannankeril
authors.forename: Dan M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Roden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010641:Phenotype; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D062547:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel beta-1 Subunit; D062585:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel beta-4 Subunit
chemical_list: C470379:SCN1B protein, human; C477263:SCN4B protein, human; D015222:Sodium Channels; D062547:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel beta-1 Subunit; D062585:Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel beta-4 Subunit