title: Impact of troponin 1 on long-term mortality after emergency orthopaedic surgery in older patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the association between post-operative troponin rises and longer term (2-year) mortality after emergency orthopaedic surgery in patients over 60 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and two patients were recruited in 2006 and had inpatient troponin 1 measurements. These patients were followed up by a telephone call annually for complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 years, 29.4% (30/102) of patients had died. Twenty-five patients (25/54 or 49.3%) with a troponin rise were dead at 2 years compared with five patients without a troponin rise (5/48 or 10.4%), which was significantly different P < 0.0001. Patients with a higher troponin level (>0.1 µg/L) were more likely to be dead at 2 years compared with those with a lower level of troponin. However, when adjusted for other comorbidities the association between troponin elevation and death at 2 years did not persist. Using Cox regression multivariate analysis, only one factor, sustaining an in-hospital cardiac event odds ratio 4.3 (95% confidence interval 1.8-10.3, P = 0.001), was associated with 2 years all-cause mortality . Furthermore, patients who sustained a symptomatic troponin rise (P < 0.0001) or asymptomatic troponin rise (P = 0.004) were more likely to have died at 2 years compared with those with no troponin rise. Three factors were significantly associated with a cardiac event during the second year: (i) post-operative troponin rise (P = 0.05); (ii) pre-morbid atrial fibrillation (P = 0.04); and (iii) post-operative renal failure (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated post-operative troponin levels are predictive of 1-year but not 2-year mortality in older patients undergoing emergency orthopaedic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Aged Care, The Northern Hospital, Epping, Victoria, Australia. carol.chong@nh.org.au
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sinnappu
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000401:mortality* / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000401:mortality* / Q000639:trends; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I