title: The interaction of monensin and flaxseed hulls on ruminal and milk concentration of the mammalian lignan enterolactone in late-lactating dairy cows.
abstract: Four ruminally fistulated multiparous Holstein cows were assigned to a 4x4 Latin square design with a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments to study the effects of dietary supplementation of monensin and flaxseed hulls on ruminal and milk concentration of the mammalian lignan enterolactone (EL) and ruminal and faecal activity of beta-glucuronidase. The hypothesis was that monensin supplementation has no effect on the incorporation of EL into milk when cows are fed flaxseed hulls. Treatments were: 1) control, neither flaxseed hulls nor monensin (CO); 2) diet containing (dry matter basis) 20% flaxseed hulls (FH); 3) diet with monensin (16 mg/kg of dry matter; MO); 4) diet containing 20% (dry matter basis) flaxseed hulls and 16 mg/kg monensin (HM). Intake of dry matter was higher for CO and MO than for FH and HM and monensin had no effect. Milk production decreased in cows fed flaxseed hulls while monensin had no effect. Production of 4% fat-corrected milk and concentrations of milk fat, lactose, urea N, and total solids were similar among treatments. Although there was a decrease in ruminal activity of beta-glucuronidase when feeding flaxseed hulls, the metabolism of plant into mammalian lignans may be increased as shown by enhanced concentration of EL in the rumen and milk. Supplementation with flaxseed hulls then may contribute to favourably change milk composition for better human health by enhancing mammalian lignan EL concentration.
authors.affiliation: Dairy and Swine Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P. O. Box 90, Stn Lennoxville, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 1Z3, Canada. helene.petit@agr.gc.ca
authors.forename: Hélène V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Côrtes
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kazama
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gagnon
authors.forename: Chaouki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benchaar
authors.forename: Geraldo T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Lúcia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zeoula
mesh_terms: D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D019597:Flax; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D017705:Lignans / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D008985:Monensin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D017705:Lignans; D008985:Monensin; D015107:4-Butyrolactone; C029497:2,3-bis(3'-hydroxybenzyl)butyrolactone