title: Effects of ezetimibe add-on therapy for high-risk patients with dyslipidemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ezetimibe (Zetia) is a potent inhibitor of cholesterol absorption that has been approved for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia. Statin, an inhibitor of cholesterol synthesis, is the first-choice drug to reduce low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) for patients with hypercholesterolemia, due to its strong effect to lower the circulating LDL-C levels. Because a high dose of statins cause concern about rhabdomyolysis, it is sometimes difficult to achieve the guideline-recommended levels of LDL-C in high-risk patients with hypercholesterolemia treated with statin monotherapy. Ezetimibe has been reported to reduce LDL-C safely with both monotherapy and combination therapy with statins.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To investigate the effect of ezetimibe as "add-on" therapy to statin on hypercholesterolemia, we examined biomarkers and vascular endothelial function in 14 patients with hypercholesterolemia before and after the 22-week ezetimibe add-on therapy. Ezetimibe add-on therapy reduced LDL-C by 24% compared with baseline (p < 0.005), with 13 patients (93%) reaching their LDL cholesterol goals. Of the Ezetimibe add-on therapy significantly improved not only LDL-C, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), and apolipoprotein (apo)B levels, but also reduced levels of triglyceride (TG), the ratio of LDL/HDL-C, the ratio of apoB/apoA-I, and a biomarker for oxidative stress (d-ROMs). Furthermore, ezetimibe add-on therapy improved vascular endothelial function in high-risk patients with hypercholesterolemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, ezetimibe as add-on therapy to statin might be a therapeutic good option for high-risk patients with atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8555, Japan. myamaoka@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaoka-Tojo
authors.forename: Taiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tojo
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kosugi
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Machida
authors.forename: Naoyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Izumi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001384:Azetidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000069438:Ezetimibe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001384:Azetidines; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000069438:Ezetimibe