title: Multiple scattering of 13 and 20 MeV electrons by thin foils: a Monte Carlo study with GEANT, Geant4, and PENELOPE.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this work, recent results from experiments and simulations (with EGSnrc) performed by Ross et al. [Med. Phys. 35, 4121-4131 (2008)] on electron scattering by foils of different materials and thicknesses are compared to those obtained using several Monte Carlo codes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three codes have been used: GEANT (version 3.21), Geant4 (version 9.1, patch03), and PENELOPE (version 2006). In the case of PENELOPE, mixed and fully detailed simulations have been carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transverse dose distributions in air have been obtained in order to compare with measurements. The detailed PENELOPE simulations show excellent agreement with experiment. The calculations performed with GEANT and PENELOPE (mixed) agree with experiment within 3% except for the Be foil. In the case of Geant4, the distributions are 5% narrower compared to the experimental ones, though the agreement is very good for the Be foil. Transverse dose distribution in water obtained with PENELOPE (mixed) is 4% wider than those calculated by Ross et al. using EGSnrc and is 1% narrower than the transverse dose distributions in air, as considered in the experiment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All the codes give a reasonable agreement (within 5%) with the experimental results for all the material and thicknesses studied.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Física y Protección Radiológica, Hospital Regional Universitario "Virgen de las Nieves," Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas 2, E-18014 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vilches
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García-Pareja
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anguiano
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lallena
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004583:Electrons; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012984:Software; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water