title: Fate of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the presence of indigenous microorganisms on commercially packaged baby spinach, as impacted by storage temperature and time.
abstract: This study investigated the effect of storage temperature and time on the survival and growth of Escherichia coli O157:H7, the growth of indigenous microorganisms, and the changes in product quality of packaged baby spinach. Commercial packages of spinach within 2 days of processing were cut open at one end, sprayed with fine mists of E. coli O157:H7 inoculum, resealed, and then stored at 1, 5, 8, and 12 degrees C for 12 days until their labeled best-if-used-by dates. Microbial enumeration and product quality evaluation were conducted on day(s) 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 postinoculation. Spinach held at 12 degrees C supported significant (P < 0.001) E. coli O157:H7 growth, with a 1.0-log CFU/g increase within 3 days postinoculation, which was followed by additional growth during continued storage. E. coli O157:H7 grew slowly when held at 8 degrees C, with a significant (P < 0.01) level of growth reached after 6 days of storage. However, on products held at 1 and 5 degrees C, E. coli O157:H7 populations declined significantly (P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) within 3 days of storage. Aerobic mesophilic bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, and yeast and mold populations increased significantly at all storage temperatures, with more growth on products held at elevated temperatures. Product quality scores remained high within the first 6 days of storage, with a sharp decline noted on samples held at 12 degrees C on day 9. Results suggest that E. coli O157:H7 can grow significantly on commercially packaged spinach held at 8 degrees C or above before significant product quality deterioration occurs.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Produce Quality and Safety Laboratory, Building 002, Room 117, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. Yaguang.Luo@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Yaguang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McEvoy
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Conway
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000254:growth & development*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005516:Food Microbiology; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D018724:Spinacia oleracea / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000592:standards; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors