title: Microelectrical sensors as emerging platforms for protein biomarker detection in point-of-care diagnostics.
abstract: Current methods used to measure protein expression on microarrays, such as labeled fluorescent imaging, are not well suited for real-time, diagnostic measurements at the point of care. Studies have shown that microelectrical sensors utilizing silica nanowire, impedimetric, surface acoustic wave, magnetic nanoparticle and microantenna technologies have the potential to impact disease diagnosis by offering sensing characteristics that rival conventional sensing techniques. Their ability to transduce protein binding events into electrical signals may prove essential for the development of next-generation point-of-care devices for molecular diagnostics, where they could be easily integrated with microarray, microfluidic and telemetry technologies. However, common limitations associated with the microelectrical sensors, including problems with sensor fabrication and sensitivity, must first be resolved. This review describes governing technical concepts and provides examples demonstrating the use of various microelectrical sensors in the diagnosis of disease via protein biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Wentworth Institute of Technology, 550 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. arruda.david@gmail.com
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Crystal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Qi W
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Caiazzo
authors.forename: Ilie
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Talpasanu
authors.forename: Douglas E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Dow
authors.forename: Brian C-S
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004560:Electricity; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins