title: Effects of vocalization on elbow motion during reaching in persons with hemiparetic stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effect of self-vocalization on the quality of movement of each arm during a reaching task in people with left hemiparetic stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  The design of this study is a single-blinded, within subject, repeated measures design. Fourteen right-handed participants with left hemiparetic stroke were requested to perform a reaching task with each arm, with and without self-vocalization. A 3-D motion analysis system measured the peak angular velocity, time to peak angular velocity, and movement unit in elbow motion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the unaffected dominant right arm, movements during the reaching task with vocalization were faster, smoother, and more efficient than without vocalization. The peak angular velocity (p < 0.05) and time to peak angular velocity (p > 0.05) increased. The movement unit decreased significantly (p < 0.05). However, in the affected non-dominant left arm, the movement with vocalization was slower, rougher, and less efficient. The peak angular velocity decreased (p > 0.05). Time to peak angular velocity (p < 0.05) and the movement unit increased significantly (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-vocalization provided a positive effect on reaching movement of the dominant side but a negative effect on reaching movement of the non-dominant side in right handed persons with left hemiparetic stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy Education, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.
authors.forename: Ji-Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Boin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Minye
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D004550:Elbow / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D010291:Paresis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*