Low dimensional temporal organization of spontaneous eye blinks in adults with developmental disabilities and stereotyped movement disorder.
This study investigated the mean rate and time-dependent sequential organization of spontaneous eye blinks in adults with intellectual and developmental disability (IDD) and individuals from this group who were additionally categorized with stereotypic movement disorder (IDD+SMD). The mean blink rate was lower in the IDD+SMD group than the IDD group and both of these groups had a lower blink rate than a contrast group of healthy adults. In the IDD group the n to n+1 sequential organization over time of the eye-blink durations showed a stronger compensatory organization than the contrast group suggesting decreased complexity/dimensionality of eye-blink behavior. Very low blink rate (and thus insufficient time series data) precluded analysis of time-dependent sequential properties in the IDD+SMD group. These findings support the hypothesis that both IDD and SMD are associated with a reduction in the dimension and adaptability of movement behavior and that this may serve as a risk factor for the expression of abnormal movements.
Lee
Mei-Hua
MH
Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. mxl58@psu.edu
Bodfish
James W
JW
Lewis
Mark H
MH
Newell
Karl M
KM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001767:Blinking; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D019956:Stereotypic Movement Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult