title: Bilateral submandibulectomy for the treatment of drooling in children with neurological disability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Drooling is common in children with neurological disabilities (ND), and constitutes an additional burden with many medical complications in an already socially disadvantaged patient. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of bilateral submandibulectomy (BS) to treat drooling with regard to the parental satisfaction grade, complications and recurrence of drooling in children with ND.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed of all children with ND and drooling who underwent BS in our Department between January 1996 and November 2008. Data were taken from surgical records and patient files. Parental satisfaction was graded into four classes: A: 75-100% satisfaction (infrequent drooling, small amounts; absence of drooling); B: 50-75% satisfaction (occasional drooling, on and off all day; infrequent drooling, small amounts); C: 25-50% satisfaction (frequent drooling, but not profusely; occasional drooling, on and off all day); D: 0-25% satisfaction (constant drooling, always wet; frequent drooling, but not profusely).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BS was performed in 85 patients (38% male; 62% female; median age, 9 years). 35 patients had to be excluded from our study because their medical records were unavailable. Only 3 out of the remaining 50 patients had recurrence. Parental satisfaction grade (PSG) was A in 26 cases (55.3%); B in 15 (31.9%); C in 3 (6.4%) and D in 3 (6.4%). The first follow-up was usually 1 week after surgery (median, 2 weeks). The incidence of post-surgery complications was 4% and all complications were minor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of the results achieved was subjective as it was not possible to quantify the amount of drooling precisely before/after surgery. Nevertheless, BS was found to be an easy and safe procedure as the low rate of complications demonstrates. It was also found to be an effective procedure; there were only 3 recurrences, and PSG in 87.2% of cases was either A or B, indicating a minimum improvement in drooling of 50%.
authors.affiliation: Centro Hospitalar do Porto-Unidade Maria Pia, Department of Pediatric Surgery, 827 Rua da boavista, Oporto, Portugal. angelicosorio@gmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moreira-Pinto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ferreira-de-Sousa
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cidade-Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D010290:Parents; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000601:surgery*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018987:Salivary Ducts / Q000601:surgery*; D012798:Sialorrhea / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome