Clinical correlates and heritability of QT interval duration in blacks: the Jackson Heart Study.
BACKGROUND
Electrocardiographic QT interval prolongation is a risk factor for sudden cardiac death and drug-induced arrhythmia. The clinical correlates and heritability of QT interval duration in blacks have not been well studied despite their higher risk for sudden cardiac death compared with non-Hispanic whites. We sought to investigate potential correlates of the QT interval and estimate its heritability in the Jackson Heart Study.


RESULTS
The Jackson Heart Study comprises a sample of blacks residing in Jackson, Miss, of whom 5302 individuals with data at the baseline examination were available for study. Jackson Heart Study participants on QT-altering medications, with bundle-branch block, paced rhythm, atrial fibrillation/flutter, or other arrhythmias were excluded, resulting in a sample of 4660 individuals eligible for analyses. The relation between QT and potential covariates was tested using multivariable stepwise linear regression. Heritability was estimated using Sequential Oligogenic Linkage Analysis Routine in a subset of 1297 Jackson Heart Study participants in 292 families; the remaining sample included unrelated individuals. In stepwise multivariable linear regression analysis, covariates significantly associated with QT interval duration included R-R interval, sex, QRS duration, age, serum potassium, hypertension, body mass index, coronary heart disease, diuretic use, and Sokolow-Lyon voltage (P < or = 0.01 for all). The heritability of QT interval duration in the age-, sex-, and R-R interval-adjusted model and in the fully adjusted model was 0.41 (SE, 0.07) and 0.40 (SE, 0.07; P < 10(-11) for both), respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
There is substantial heritability of adjusted QT interval in blacks, supporting the need for further investigation to identify its genetic determinants.
Akylbekova
Ermeg L
EL
Jackson State University, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, Miss, USA.
Crow
Richard S
RS
Johnson
William D
WD
Buxbaum
Sarah G
SG
Njemanze
Stephanie
S
Fox
Ervin
E
Sarpong
Daniel F
DF
Taylor
Herman A
HA
Newton-Cheh
Christopher
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008922:Mississippi / Q000453:epidemiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D001741:Black or African American