title: Major and minor arterial malformations in patients with cutaneous vascular abnormalities.
abstract: The association of persistent embryonic arteries and the absence of 1 carotid or vertebral arteries with facial or neck hemangioma or vascular malformation have been frequently described. The abnormalities can involve major or minor vessels. Of 22 patients of our series with this neurocutaneous syndrome, 20 had the origin of both anterior cerebral arteries from the same internal carotid artery. Thirteen patients showed absence or hypoplasia of 1 carotid artery and 10 of 1 vertebral artery; 10 showed persistence of the trigeminal artery; 3 had persistent proatlantal artery; 6 showed the absence of the posterior communicating artery; and 4 had hypoplastic posterior cerebral artery. Other less frequent abnormalities were found in 7 patients. Intellectual level of most patients was either borderline or below normal. Abnormalities in the vascularization and perfusion of the frontal lobes may contribute to the borderline or lower mental level of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. i.pcastroviejo@neurologia.e.telefonica.net
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pascual-Castroviejo
authors.forename: Samuel I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Pascual-Pascual
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Viaño
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: López-Gutierrez
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palencia
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007360:Intelligence; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D020752:Neurocutaneous Syndromes / Q000473:pathology*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology