title: Comparison between implants inserted into piezo split and unsplit alveolar crests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Piezoelectric surgery (PES) uses a modulated ultrasonic frequency that permits highly precise and safe hard tissue cutting. A retrospective study on a series of spiral family implants inserted with or without PES split crest was performed to verify if implants inserted into crests split using PES have a comparable outcome to those inserted into unsplit bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the period from May 2004 to November 2007, 86 patients (55 women and 31 men, median age 53 yrs) were operated on and 234 spiral family implants were inserted. Among these, 21 were inserted into PES split crest. Mean follow-up was 13 months (3 to 35 months). The Kaplan-Meier algorithm was used to compare the 2 groups in survival and clinical success (ie, decreased bone resorption around implant neck).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 9 of 234 implants were lost (ie, survival rate 96.2%), all of which belonged to the unsplit group but no statistical difference was demonstrated. To detect if PES split crest produces a better clinical outcome in comparison with fixtures inserted into unsplit alveolar ridges, crestal bone loss was compared in the remaining loaded implants (234--9 lost--5 not prosthetized = 220). No statistical significant difference was detected by comparing implants inserted into PES split crests with untreated alveolar ridges, although a better trend was visible for fixtures inserted into PES split crests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PES split crests provide several advantages and clinical outcomes that are not worse in terms of bone remodeling, if compared with standard procedures.
authors.affiliation: Dental School, University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Danza
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guidi
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carinci
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016348:Osseointegration; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants