title: The utility of [(11)C] dihydrotetrabenazine positron emission tomography scanning in assessing beta-cell performance after sleeve gastrectomy and duodenal-jejunal bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sleeve gastrectomy (SG) and duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) on glucose homeostasis and to evaluate the utility of positron emission tomography (PET) scanning for assessing beta-cell mass.
  
  
  METHODS
  Goto-Kakizaki rats were divided into 4 groups: control, sham, SG, or DJB. Oral glucose tolerance, insulin, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured before and after surgery. Before and 90 days after treatment, [(11)C] DTBZ micro PET scanning was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The control and sham animals gained more weight compared with SG and DJB animals (P < or = .05). Compared with control animals, the glucose area under the curve was lower in DJB animals 30 and 45 days after operations (P < or = .05). At killing, GLP-1 levels were greater in the DJB group compared with sham and SG (P < or = .05), whereas insulin levels were greater in both DJB and SG compared with sham (P < or = .05). With PET scanning, the 90-day posttreatment mean vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 binding index was greatest in the DJB animals (2.45) compared with SG (1.17), both of which were greater than baseline control animals (0.81).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In type 2 diabetic rodents, DJB leads to improved glucose homeostasis and an increase in VMAT2 density as measured by PET scanning.
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolic, Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA. william.inabnet@mountsinai.org
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Inabnet
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Milone
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Evren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Durak
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Freeby
authors.forename: Leaque
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebastian
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lifante
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bessler
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Korner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004386:Duodenum / Q000601:surgery*; D005743:Gastrectomy; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013747:Tetrabenazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D050493:Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D007328:Insulin; C493454:Slc18a2 protein, rat; D050493:Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins; C032811:dihydrotetrabenazine; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005947:Glucose; D013747:Tetrabenazine