title: Pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin after intratumoral injection using a thermosensitive hydrogel in tumor-bearing mice.
abstract: A novel, thermosensitive hydrogel, poly(organophosphazene), is an injectable drug delivery system that transforms from sol to gel at body temperature. Doxorubicin (DOX) is a cytotoxic drug used for the treatment of several solid tumors. Due to its acute cardiac toxicity, DOX is a good candidate for local chemo-drug delivery system. In this study, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics of DOX (30 mg/kg) when given as an intratumoral injection using poly(organophosphazene) hydrogel in mice with human gastric tumor xenografts. DOX was formulated at 0.6% into a 10% hydrogel, and 40% and 90% of the dose was released in a sustained manner over 5 weeks in vitro and in vivo, respectively. The hydrogel mass was well retained over 7 weeks, and T(1/2beta, tumor) was 1.8-fold longer than that of the solution, but the 2.2-fold lower C(max, tumor), produced a similar AUC(tumor) and antitumor effect. However, solution caused a 2-fold higher systemic exposure (AUC(plasma)), which resulted in significant mortality due to acute cardiac toxicity. These data indicate that hydrogel formulation may have similar efficacy but lower systemic exposure than aqueous solution. In conclusion, poly(organophosphazene) showed adequate characteristics for local intratumoral delivery of DOX, including dose capacity, local retention, and minimal systemic spill-over. The safety and biocompatibility of poly(organophosphazene) should be further evaluated and its application should be extended to other anticancer agents.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Biomedical Science, BK21 Project Team for Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ahmed M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Abd
authors.forename: Ki-Yun
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Soo-Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hyo-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kuh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D007267:Injections; D051379:Mice; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011108:Polymers; C515246:poly(organophosphazene); D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D004317:Doxorubicin