title: Phylogenetic characterization of Newcastle disease virus isolated in the mainland of China during 2001-2009.
abstract: Twenty Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolates from infected chicken flocks during 2001 to 2009 in China were biologically and genetically characterized. All the 20 NDVs were categorized into velogenic (n=17) and lentogenic (n=3) viruses, respectively, according to the mean death time (MDT) of chicken embryos. Velogenic viruses carry the motif (112)R-R-Q-K-R/F(117) (n=14) or (112)G-R-Q-G-R/L(117) (n=3) at the F0 cleavage site, while all the lentogenic virus had a sequence motif of (112)G-R-Q-G-R/L(117) (n=3) at the same site. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that at least three distinct genotypes (genotypes I, II and VII) existed in chicken flocks in China and VIId of genotype VII were mainly responsible for the present ND panzootic. Two natural recombinants (XD/Shandong/08 and QG/Hebei/07) were supposed and identified by the SimPlot program, and their two parental-like strains might be from the NDV vaccine lineage and VIId velogenic lineage respectively. The results indicate that recombination play a role in NDV evolution and the live vaccines have capacity to boost NDV evolution by homologous recombination with circulating virus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rui
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Juan
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jingliang
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jixun
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiaoting
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shouping
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiaojiao
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guozhong
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D002681:China; D015707:HN Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000821:virology*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015707:HN Protein; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins