title: The crystal structure of human UDP-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 C-terminal end is the first mammalian UGT target to be revealed: the significance for human UGTs from both the 1A and 2B families.
abstract: Human UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (EC 2.4.1.17) (UGTs) are major phase II metabolism enzymes that detoxify a multitude of endo- and xenobiotics through the covalent addition of a glucuronic acid moiety. UGTs are promiscuous enzymes that regulate the levels of numerous important endobiotics in a range of tissues, and inactivate most therapeutic compounds in concert with phase I enzymes. In spite of the importance of these enzymes, we have only a limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms governing their substrate specificity and catalytic activity. Until recently, no three-dimensional structural information was available for any mammalian UGT. The 1.8-å resolution apo crystal structure of the UDP-glucuronic acid binding domain of human UGT2B7 (2B7CT) is the only structure of a mammalian UGT target determined to date. In this review, we summarize what has been learned about human UGT function from the analysis of this and other related glycosyltransferase (GT) crystal structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. radominskaanna@uams.edu
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Radominska-Pandya
authors.forename: Stacie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bratton
authors.forename: Matthew R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Redinbo
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Miley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D008958:Models, Molecular; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015262:Xenobiotics; C491474:UGT2B7 protein, human; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase