title: Feasibility of a thermographic method for early detection of foot disorders in diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Foot complications due to diabetes impose a major economic burden to society and loss of health-related quality of life for the patients. Early diagnosis and intensified preventive measures have proved useful to limit the incidence of foot ulcers and lower limb amputations in diabetes, and the development of new tools for early diagnosis has therefore become an attractive option. This article covers a feasibility study of the SpectraSole (Linköping, Sweden) Pro 1000 foot indicator, an innovation based on liquid crystal thermography. The technology identifies increases in temperature, a known indicator of inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five patients with diagnosed diabetes were examined with the foot indicator immediately after their ordinary foot examinations according to current practice, and findings from the two investigations were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine examinations were performed. The foot indicator identified increased temperature in 31 cases, of which six had not been detected in the preceding ordinary examinations. The instrument was perceived as easy to use, and the thermographs could be used to visualize problem areas of the foot, which might contribute to better compliance with therapeutic advice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The foot indicator detected a relatively high share of the different types of complications but not all. It can be used as a complement to current practices for foot examination. The instrument provides rapid imaging of the foot temperature, and the study indicates that it yields valuable diagnostic information in early stages of foot disease.
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Technology Assessment, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. kerstin.roback@liu.se
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roback
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Starkhammar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001831:Body Temperature; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000175:diagnosis*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013817:Thermography / Q000295:instrumentation*