title: AGE and their receptor RAGE in systemic autoimmune diseases: an inflammation propagating factor contributing to accelerated atherosclerosis.
abstract: Systemic autoimmune diseases are associated with inflammation, and oxidative stress favouring the formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGE), able to modulate cellular functions by activation of receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE). As RAGE expression is increased in an inflammatory milieu, present in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases, these patients are especially prone for the deleterious effects of AGE. Interaction of AGE with RAGE leads to intracellular signalling, and subsequent expression of adhesion molecules, chemokines, pro-inflammatory cytokines and up-regulation of RAGE itself. The AGE-RAGE interaction might act as a pro-inflammatory loop in these patients, contributing to chronic low grade inflammation rendering these individuals susceptible for development of accelerated atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. h.l.a.nienhuis@int.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Hans L A
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Nienhuis
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Westra
authors.forename: Andries J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Pieter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Limburg
authors.forename: Cees G M
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Kallenberg
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bijl
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic