title: In vitro evaluation of surface topographic changes and nickel release of lingual orthodontic archwires.
abstract: The objective of the article is to study surface topographic changes and nickel release in lingual orthodontic archwires in vitro. Stainless steel (SS), nickel-titanium (NiTi) and copper-nickel-titanium (CuNiTi) lingual orthodontic archwires were studied using atomic absorption spectrometry for nickel release after immersion in a saline solution. Surface roughness changes were measured using atomic force microscopy. Differences between groups were analyzed using independent sample t-tests. Statistically significant changes in roughness were seen in all archwires except NiTi. Surface changes were most severe in the CuNiTi alloy. SS archwires released the highest amount of nickel. In conclusion, only roughness changes in CuNiTi archwires seemed to be clinically significant. The amount of nickel released for all archwires tested is below the levels known to cause cell damage.
authors.affiliation: Division d'Orthodontie, Section de Médecine Dentaire, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Genève, Rue Barthélemy-Menn, 19, 1205, Geneva, Switzerland. carlosuarezmartinez@gmail.com
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suárez
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vilar
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sevilla
mesh_terms: D003343:Corrosion; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry*; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D014059:Tongue
chemical_list: D009532:Nickel