title: A sensitive non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometric method for multiresidue analyses of beta-agonists in pork.
abstract: Non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (NACE-MS) was developed for trace analyses of beta-agonists (i.e. clenbuterol, salbutamol and terbutaline) in pork. The NACE was in 18 mM ammonium acetate in methanol-acetonitrile-glacial acetic acid (66 : 33 : 1, v/v/v) using a voltage of 28 kV. The hyphenation of CE with a time-of-flight MS was performed by electrospray ionization interface employing 5 mM ammonium acetate in methanol-water (80 : 20, v/v) as the sheath liquid at a flow rate of 2 microL/min. Method sensitivity was enhanced by a co-injection technique (combination of hydrodynamic and electrokinetic injection) using a pressure of 50 mbar and a voltage of 10 kV for 12 s. The method was validated in comparison with HPLC-MS-MS. The NACE-MS procedure provided excellent detection limits of 0.3 ppb for all analytes. Method linearity was good (r(2) > 0.999, in a range of 0.8-1000 ppb for all analytes). Precision showed %RSDs of <17.7%. Sample pre-treatment was carried out by solid-phase extraction using mixed mode reversed phase/cation exchange cartridges yielding recoveries between 69 and 80%. The NACE-MS could be successfully used for the analysis of beta-agonists in pork samples and results showed no statistical differences from the values reported by the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand using HPLC-MS-MS method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Rd., Rajathevee, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Oraphan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Anurukvorakun
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Buchberger
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Himmelsbach
authors.forename: Christian W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Klampel
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Suntornsuk
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000032:analysis*; D000420:Albuterol / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000032:analysis; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D013552:Swine; D013726:Terbutaline / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D013726:Terbutaline; D000420:Albuterol; D002976:Clenbuterol