title: Long-term clinical results of 2 different ablation strategies in patients with paroxysmal and persistent atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data regarding the long-term efficacy of atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation are still lacking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred four consecutive patients symptomatic for paroxysmal or persistent/permanent AF were randomly assigned to 2 different ablation schemes: pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) and PVI plus left linear lesions (LL). Primary end point was to assess the maintenance of sinus rhythm (SR) after procedures 1 and 2 in the absence of antiarrhythmic drugs in a long-term follow-up of at least 3 years. Paroxysmal AF- With a single procedure at 12-month follow-up, 46% of patients treated with PVI maintained SR, whereas at 3-year follow-up, 29% were in SR; using the "PVI plus LL" at the 12-month follow-up, 57% of patients were in SR, whereas at the 3-year follow-up, 53% remained in SR. After a second procedure, the long-term overall success rate without antiarrhythmic drugs was 62% with PVI and 85% with PVI plus LL. Persistent/Permanent AF- With a single procedure at the 12-month follow-up, 27% of patients treated with PVI were in SR, whereas at the 3-year follow-up, 19% maintained SR; using the PVI plus LL with a single procedure at the 12-month follow-up 45% of patients were in SR, whereas at the 3-year follow-up, 41% remained in SR. After a second procedure, the long-term overall success rate without antiarrhythmic drugs was 39% with PVI and 75% with PVI plus LL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A long-term follow-up of AF ablation shows that short-term results cannot be considered permanent because AF recurrences are still present after the first year especially in patients who have had "PVI" strategy. PVI isolation plus LL is superior to the PVI strategy in maintaining SR without antiarrhythmic drugs after procedures 1 and 2 both in paroxysmal and persistent AF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, University of Turin, Asti, Italy. gaita@asl.at.it
authors.forename: Fiorenzo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaita
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caponi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scaglione
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montefusco
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corleto
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Monte
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Coin
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Donna
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giustetto
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000294:innervation; D012008:Recurrence; D013614:Tachycardia, Paroxysmal / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome