Impact of radiation and chemotherapy on risk of dental abnormalities: a report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.
BACKGROUND
The current study was performed to describe frequencies and risk factors of altered oral health and odontogenesis in childhood cancer survivors.


METHODS
In total, 9308 survivors who were diagnosed between 1970 and 1986 and 2951 siblings from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed a survey that contained oral-dental health information. The authors analyzed treatment impact, socioeconomic data, and patient demographics on dental outcomes using univariate and multivariate logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs).


RESULTS
In multivariate analysis, survivors were more likely to report microdontia (OR, 3.0; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.4-3.8), hypodontia (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.4-2.0), root abnormalities (OR, 3.0; 95% CI, 2.2-4.0), abnormal enamel (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 2.0-2.9), teeth loss>or=6 (OR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.9-3.6), severe gingivitis (OR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.5), and xerostomia (OR, 9.7; 95% CI, 4.8-19.7). Controlling for chemotherapy and socioeconomic factors, radiation exposure of >or=20 Gray to dentition was associated significantly with an increased risk of >or=1 dental abnormality. Dose-dependent alkylating agent therapy significantly increased the risk of >or=1 anatomic/developmental dental abnormalities in survivors who were diagnosed at age<5 years (OR, 1.7, 2.7, and 3.3 for alkylating agent scores of 1, 2, and 3, respectively).


CONCLUSIONS
Radiation and chemotherapy were independent risk factors for adverse oral-dental sequelae among childhood cancer survivors. The authors concluded that patients who received receiving alkylating agents at age<5 years should be closely monitored.
Kaste
Sue C
SC
Department of Radiological Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, and Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee School of Health Sciences, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. sue.kaste@stjude.org
Goodman
Pamela
P
Leisenring
Wendy
W
Stovall
Marilyn
M
Hayashi
Robert J
RJ
Yeazel
Mark
M
Beiraghi
Soraya
S
Hudson
Melissa M
MM
Sklar
Charles A
CA
Robison
Leslie L
LL
Baker
K Scott
KS
D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014071:Tooth Abnormalities / Q000139:chemically induced; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents