title: JC human polyomavirus is associated to chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes of Hodgkin's lymphoma patients and poor clinical outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  B cells are potential sites for latency and reactivation of the human neurotropic JC polyomavirus (JCV). We investigated JCV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) status in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 74 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) and 91 B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-NHL) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  JCV and EBV DNA were assessed by PCR, and FISH technique was used to localize viral infection and to estimate chromosomal instability (rogue cells, 'chromosomal aberrations') throughout evolution. The influence of viral infection and chromosomal instability on freedom from progression (FFP) was investigated in HL patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCR product sequencing of PBL identified JCV in 42 (57%) circulating lymphocytes of HL patients. FISH analysis revealed that the presence of cells with a high JCV genome copy number--associated to the presence of rogue cells and 'higher frequency of chromosomal aberrations'--increased from 15% before treatment to 52% (P < 10(-5)) after. The co-activation of JCV and EBV was independent of known prognostic parameters and associated with a shorter FFP (JCV and EBV co-activation P < 0.001, rogue cells P < 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In HL, JCV activation and chromosomal instability have been identified in PBL and associated with a poorer prognosis, especially in EBV+.
authors.affiliation: Cell & Environment, Paris; Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif. Electronic address: mkacher@igr.fr.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: M'kacher
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology IFR53/EA-3798, Reims.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Andreoletti
authors.affiliation: Inserm U362, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flamant
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif; Laboratory of Radiopathology, Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN), Fontenay-aux-Roses.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Milliat
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Girinsky
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dossou
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Violot
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Assaf
authors.affiliation: Cellular Genomics of Cancers Laboratory CNRS-UMR 1599.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clausse
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koscielny
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourhis
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bosq
authors.affiliation: Cellular Genomics of Cancers Laboratory CNRS-UMR 1599.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernheim
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Sensitivity and Radio-carcinogenesis UPRES EA 27-10, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parmentier
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carde
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D043171:Chromosomal Instability / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000502:physiology; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D027601:Polyomavirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult