title: Arsenic trioxide in recurrent urothelial cancer: a cancer and leukemia group B phase II trial (CALGB 99903).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arsenic trioxide is highly active in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia. There are also preclinical data to suggest that this drug might be active in nonhematopoietic malignancies, and transitional cell carcinoma cell lines are particularly sensitive to this agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve evaluable patients with metastatic urothelial cancer were treated with arsenic trioxide in a phase II trial conducted by the Cancer and Leukemia Group B. Eligible patients were required to have measurable urothelial cancer and a maximum of 1 previous chemotherapy regimen. Arsenic trioxide was given at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg daily for 5 days every 28 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No major responses were observed; 4 patients achieved stable disease. The median survival was 6.5 months (95% CI, 3.9-13.4 months). The most commonly observed toxicities included fatigue and malaise, anemia, nausea, emesis, and constipation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arsenic trioxide at this dose and schedule does not have significant activity in previously treated urothelial cancer and has substantial toxicity in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: The Genitourinary Oncology Service, Division of Solid Tumor Oncology, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. bajorind@mskcc.org
authors.forename: Dean F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Bajorin
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halabi
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Small
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010087:Oxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012008:Recurrence; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide