title: A renewable copper electrode as an amperometric flow detector for nitrate determination in mineral water and soft drink samples.
abstract: A novel approach was developed for nitrate analysis in a FIA configuration with amperometric detection (E=-0.48 V). Sensitive and reproducible current measurements were achieved by using a copper electrode activated with a controlled potential protocol. The response of the FIA amperometric method was linear over the range from 0.1 to 2.5 mmol L(-1) nitrate with a detection limit of 4.2 micromol L(-1) (S/N=3). The repeatability of measurements was determined as 4.7% (n=9) at the best conditions (flow rate: 3.0 mL min(-1), sample volume: 150 microL and nitrate concentration: 0.5 mmol L(-1)) with a sampling rate of 60 samples h(-1). The method was employed for the determination of nitrate in mineral water and soft drink samples and the results were in agreement with those obtained by using a recommended procedure. Studies towards a selective monitoring of nitrite were also performed in samples containing nitrate by carrying out measurements at a less negative potential (-0.20 V).
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juan C M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gamboa
authors.forename: Roselyn C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Thiago R L C
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Paixão
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertotti
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000032:analysis*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D008900:Mineral Waters; D009566:Nitrates; D003300:Copper