title: Malignancy incidence after renal transplantation in children: a 20-year single-centre experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer is a well-recognized complication of organ transplantation. The pattern of malignancies that occur in the paediatric graft population is different from that in the general paediatric population and in the population of adult organ transplant recipients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed medical records from 240 consecutive paediatric renal transplantations performed in 219 children, aged less than 19 years, in our centre between April 1987 and March 2007. Data from patients who had been transferred into adult units were extracted from the French registries of dialysis and transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 219 children who underwent renal transplantation during the study period, 16 (7.3%) developed malignancy. The cumulative incidence of cancer was 1.9, 4.0, 6.9 and 10.2% at 1, 5, 10 and 15 years post-transplantation, respectively. The 10-year incidence of post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) was 4.5%. Other identified cancers were Hodgkin lymphoma, Burkitt lymphomas, renal papillary carcinoma, thyroid papillary carcinoma, recurrent ovarian seminoma and skin cancer. The mortality rate was 25% (4/16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early detection of cancer in transplant recipients is of great importance. Regular screening for persistent Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA viral load in patients at risk for developing PTLD is recommended. The occurrence of skin cancer in transplanted children is extremely rare during childhood, but cases can develop in early adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Centre de référence des Maladies Rénales Rares, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant et Université de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Foteini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koukourgianni
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harambat
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ranchin
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Euvrard
authors.forename: Raymonde
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bouvier
authors.forename: Aurélia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liutkus
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cochat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors