Treatment of depression in Parkinson's disease.
Depression is one of the most common nonmotor features observed in Parkinson's disease (PD), affecting approximately 40% of patients. Depression in Parkinson's disease (dPD) significantly affects quality of life of both patients and their families and has been shown to be more predictive of distress than motor disability. Depression frequently goes unrecognized in this population, however, in part because the diagnosis is often complicated by the overlap of psychiatric and PD symptoms. The etiology of dPD is unclear; dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic systems may be implicated. Options for managing dPD include antidepressant medication; cognitive-behavioral therapy; behavioral lifestyle interventions such as exercise; and, in refractory cases, noninvasive brain stimulation (electroconvulsive therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation). Randomized controlled trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of interventional approaches for dPD; several trials are currently underway.
Menza
Matthew
M
Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, D207A, 671 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA. menza@umdnj.edu
Dobkin
Roseanne DeFronzo
RD
Marin
Humberto
H
D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000928:Antidepressive Agents