title: Pectus excavatum imaging: enough but not too much.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pectus excavatum (pectus) is a common congenital deformity of the chest wall resulting in a diminished anterior-posterior dimension. Chest CT has become a common study for preoperative assessment. CT evaluation was initially described using a single CT image; it is now common to perform a CT of the entire chest to evaluate pectus.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of chest radiographs compared to chest CT in identifying additional clinically significant abnormalities in the preoperative evaluation of children with pectus.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the chest CT scans of 209 children and young adults who had been evaluated for possible surgical repair of pectus. Additional abnormalities were categorized as (1) incidental, (2) potentially significant, and (3) findings that affected the decision to perform surgery. Chest radiographs were reviewed for category 3 findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-six scans showed additional abnormalities, five in group 2 and two in group 3. Both group 3 findings, a vascular ring and an acute pneumonia, were identified on chest radiographs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conventional radiographs identified clinically important findings in children and young adults evaluated for pectus surgery. Radiation risks and medical costs might be substantially decreased by obtaining a chest radiograph and using a limited CT technique when a CT scan is ordered for the purpose of obtaining a Haller index.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., MLC 5031, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Amit S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Rattan
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laor
authors.forename: Frederick C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Ryckman
authors.forename: Alan S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Brody
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005660:Funnel Chest / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult