title: Vaccines for military use.
abstract: Vaccines have long been used by military forces in order to prevent communicable diseases and thereby preserve the fighting force. A tradition that began with the mass vaccination of the Continental Army against smallpox during the War of the American Revolution in the late 18th century continues today with routine and deployment-based vaccination of military forces against potential pathogens of nature and biological weapon threats. As their role has expanded in recent years to include humanitarian and peacekeeping missions, the military's use of vaccines against infectious diseases has concomitantly broadened to include civilian populations worldwide. The emergence of new threats and the recognition of additional global challenges will continue to compel the development and promotion of vaccines to combat infectious diseases of military significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Pathogens, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI 02860, USA. artenstein@brown.edu
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Artenstein
mesh_terms: D003140:Communicable Disease Control; D006801:Humans; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D008887:Military Medicine; D008889:Military Personnel; D012899:Smallpox / Q000517:prevention & control; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines