title: Effect of a single application of TiF(4) and NaF varnishes and solutions on dentin erosion in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This in vitro study aimed to analyse the effect of a single application of TiF(4) and NaF varnishes and solutions to protect against dentin erosion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bovine root dentin samples were pre-treated with NaF-Duraphat varnish (2.26%F, pH 4.5), NaF/CaF(2)-Duofluorid varnish (5.63%F, pH 8.0), NaF-experimental varnish (2.45%F, pH 4.5), TiF(4)-experimental varnish (2.45%F, pH 1.2), NaF solution (2.26%F, pH 4.5), TiF(4) solution (2.45%F, pH 1.2) and placebo varnish (pH 5.0, no-F varnish control). Controls remained untreated. Ten samples in each group were then subjected to an erosive demineralisation (Sprite Zero, 4x 90s/day) and remineralisation (artificial saliva, between the erosive cycles) cycling for 5 days. Dentin loss was measured profilometrically after pre-treatment and after 1, 3 and 5 days of de-remineralisation cycling. The data were statistically analysed by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni's post hoc test (p<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After pre-treatment, TiF(4) solution significantly induced surface loss (1.08+/-0.53 microm). Only Duraphat reduced the dentin loss overtime, but it did not significantly differ from placebo varnish (at 3rd and 5th days) and TiF(4) varnish (at 3rd day).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Duraphat varnish seems to be the best option to partially reduce dentin erosion. However, the maintenance of the effects of this treatment after successive erosive challenges is limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Bauru School of Dentistry-USP, Bauru, SP 17012-910, Brazil. acm@usp.br
authors.forename: Ana Carolina
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Flávia Mauad
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rios
authors.forename: Marília Afonso Rabelo
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Buzalaf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002417:Cattle; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008422:Materials Testing; D010919:Placebos; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; C526357:Duofluorid-F; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D010919:Placebos; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D014025:Titanium; D005459:Fluorides; C032240:titanium tetrafluoride