title: The sexual behaviour of British backpackers in Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore sexual behaviour and risk-taking among British backpackers in Australia and to investigate the influence of substance use and social settings on sexual behaviour abroad.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was used. The questionnaire gathered information on sexual and substance use behaviour in the 12 months prior to leaving the UK and during backpackers' stays in Australia. A total of 1008 backpackers, recruited in hostels in Sydney and Cairns, were included in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 73.2% had sex during their stay in Australia, including 68.9% of those who arrived without a partner. Across all backpackers, mean number of sexual partners increased from 0.3 per 4-week period in the UK in the 12 months prior to the trip to 1.0 per 4-week period spent in Australia. Over a third (39.7%) had multiple partners in Australia, increasing to 45.7% in those arriving single. Of those arriving single and having sex, 40.9% reported inconsistent condom use and 24.0% had unprotected sex with multiple partners. Number of sexual partners in the UK, length of stay in Australia at time of interview, planned length of stay, frequent visits to bars/clubs, high frequency of alcohol intake and use of illicit substances in Australia were indicators for risky sexual behaviour.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Backpackers are at high risk of sexually transmitted infections and other negative sexual health outcomes. Multi-agency sexual health promotion strategies that address the relationship between sex, drugs and alcohol should be targeted at backpackers prior to, and during, their travels.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Public Health, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, L3 2AJ, UK. k.e.hughes@ljmu.ac.uk
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Downing
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bellis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Copeland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006693:Holidays; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000523:psychology; D012931:Social Environment; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014195:Travel; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000208:ethnology; D055815:Young Adult