title: Surface modified polymeric nanoparticles for immunisation against equine strangles.
abstract: The successful development of particulate vaccines depends on the understanding of their physicochemical and biological characteristics. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to develop and characterise stable surface modified poly(lactic acid) (PLA) nanoparticles, using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), alginate (ALG) and glycolchitosan (GCS) containing a Streptococcus equi enzymatic extract adsorbed onto the surface. The characterisation of the preparations and a physicochemical study of the adsorption process were performed. The adsorption of S. equi proteins is a rapid process reaching, within 1h, maximum adsorption efficiency values of 75.2+/-1.9% (w/w) for PLA-PVA, 84.9+/-0.2% (w/w) for PLA-GCS and 78.1+/-0.4% (w/w) for PLA-ALG nanoparticles. No protein degradation was detected throughout the formulation procedures. As expected from a complex mixture of proteins, adsorption data suggest a Freundlich-type of equilibrium with regression coefficients (r(2)) of 0.9958, 0.9839 and 0.9940 for PLA-PVA, PLA-GCS and PLA-ALG, respectively. Desorption studies revealed a burst release within the first 6h, for all formulations, followed by a sustained release profile. Nanoparticle surface modification with GCS improved the sustained release profile, as 20% of protein remained attached to the particle surface after 30 days. The results show that adsorption is an alternative method for the production of S. equi antigen carriers for vaccination purposes.
authors.affiliation: iMED.UL, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Florindo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.forename: L M D
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: H O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Alpar
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002021:Buffers; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D006736:Horses; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D055672:Static Electricity; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary; D022541:Streptococcal Vaccines / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D018502:Streptococcus equi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002021:Buffers; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; D022541:Streptococcal Vaccines; C118638:glycol-chitosan; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide); D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D048271:Chitosan