title: beta-catenin expression and claudin expression pattern as prognostic factors of prostatic cancer progression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the patterns of expression of the junctional proteins beta-catenin and claudins in different prognostic groups of patients with prostatic cancer, to determine their value as prognostic markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the samples of 30 patients who had a radical prostatectomy for organ-confined cancer (pT2N0M0), men with clinically advanced cancer, and a control group with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Using immunohistochemistry applied to tissue microarrays, each group was evaluated for claudin-1, -2, -3, -4, -5, -7, -8 and -10, and beta-catenin expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were differences among the three groups in the expression of claudin-1 (P = 0.001), -2 (P = 0.014), -3 (P = 0.027), -4 (P = 0.001), -8 (P = 0.001) and beta-catenin (P = 0.002), regardless of Gleason score. By contrast, claudin-5, -7 and -10 patterns were not significantly different among the groups. Furthermore, claudin-1 (P = 0.014) and -4 (P = 0.004) could be used to distinguish between those patients who had metastases and those who did not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of claudin expression could be a novel diagnostic marker in re-classifying adenocarcinomas, and an additional sensitive predictive factor for a clinically poor prognosis. Our results suggest that patients with organ-confined and advanced cancer are subsets with distinct claudin expression profiles, and that claudin-4 is related to cellular differentiation in prostate cancer, which is not only the receptor molecule for the Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin, and thus a theoretical future therapeutic target for prostate cancer, but also a marker of progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Attila M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Szász
authors.forename: Péter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nyirády
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majoros
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szendrõi
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szûcs
authors.forename: Eszter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Székely
authors.forename: Anna-Mária
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tõkés
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romics
authors.forename: Janina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D057167:Claudins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D057167:Claudins; D051176:beta Catenin