title: Pharmacokinetic characteristics of a vasodilatory and antiplatelet agent, limaprost alfadex, in the healthy Korean volunteers.
abstract: Limaprost, a prostaglandin E1 analogue, with a strong vasodilatory and antiplatelet activity has been used to release from the symptoms of thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO), which is more prevalent in Korea and Japan, and lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS). In spite of many uses of limaprost, the pharmacokinetics (PK) of it has not been studied in the Korean population. Therefore, a preliminary PK study was designed at a clinical oral dosage of 30-microg limaprost in 5 healthy Korean volunteers. Blood samples were obtained at 14 consecutive time points for 12 hours after dosing and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization (LC-ESI/MS/ MS) at a very low detection limit of 0.5 pg/mL of limaprost in human plasma with considerably short run time (18 minutes). Pharmacokinetic characteristics resulted in ''time for maximal concentrations (T(max) 0.5 hour),'' ''elimination half-life (T(1/2) 1.64 hours),'' ''maximal concentration (C(max) 13.37 pg/mL),'' ''area under the curve (AUC(12 hours) 18.60 pg . h/mL),'' ''AUC extrapolated to infinity (AUC(infinity) 22.98 pg . h/mL),'' ''extrapolation (AUC(infinity - 12 hours)/AUC(infinity) 0.15%),'' ''elimination rate constant (k(e) 0.68 h(-1)),'' ''systemic clearance (CL 1.77 L/h),'' and ''mean residence time (MRT 1.74 hours).'' These results showed that orally administered 30-microg limaprost was rapidly and highly absorbed, and it was considerably eliminated fast from the blood stream in the healthy Korean volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoo-Sin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jin-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Shin-Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun-Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seok-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ju-Seop
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D055815:Young Adult; D047391:alpha-Cyclodextrins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D047391:alpha-Cyclodextrins; C525749:limaprost-alfadex; D000527:Alprostadil