Post-partum testosterone administration does not reverse the effects of perinatal exposure to cadmium on rat offspring development.
This study investigated the effects of perinatal cadmium exposure on physical and reflexologic development of pup rats. It was examined if the immediate postpartum testosterone administration was able to reverse the toxic effects of the metal. Forty Wistar pregnant rats were divided into three groups: control and 10 and 20 mg kg(-1) per day of cadmium chloride. These dams were treated from gestational days 18 to 21, and until the 7th lactation day. Immediately after birth, half of the offspring from the experimental and control groups received 50 microL of testosterone 0.2% i.p. The maternal body weight gain, food and water consumption were measured during the treatment period. In pups, the body weight, body length, physical landmarks, reflex development and the general activity were assessed. Results showed that: only 20 mg kg(-1) cadmium induced maternal toxicity; pup body weight and body weight gain were reduced in all experimental groups; only the cadmium-exposed offspring not treated with testosterone treatment showed a reduction in body length and body length gain; cadmium highest dose reduced the anogenital index in pups and delayed physical and reflexes development; and cadmium effects on the offspring, except in body length gain, were not reversed by testosterone. The results indicate that perinatal maternal exposure to cadmium promoted changes in the development of male rat offspring, reprogramming the pup's development. Testosterone administration was not able to reverse the cadmium effects, even on those parameters more directly related to the androgenic system as the testis descent and anogenital distance delays.
Department of Pharmacology, Biomedical Science Institute, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Couto-Moraes
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Felicio
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Bernardi
D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D049628:Body Size / Q000187:drug effects; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D004032:Diet; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000187:drug effects; D043343:Testosterone Propionate / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D020011:Protective Agents; D002104:Cadmium; D019256:Cadmium Chloride; D043343:Testosterone Propionate