Developmental pharmacogenetics: a general paradigm for application to neonatal pharmacology and toxicology.
Therapy in newborn infants presents unique challenges. The consequences of exposure of the fetus to medications and environmental contaminants in utero (following the mother's exposure to these) may present, in the newborn, as congenital malformations or adverse drug reactions or have unknown long-term consequences. Risk is not uniformly distributed across a population. Rather, pharmacogenomic principles assert that an individual's unique clinical, genomic, and environmental information can be used to accurately predict predisposition to risk. The challenge is to identify the specific factors--genetic and nongenetic--that contribute to increased risk.
Division of Clinical Pharmacology and Medical Toxicology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics and School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. sleeder@cmh.edu
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Leeder
D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000009:adverse effects; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000009:adverse effects; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D020139:Gastroschisis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000235:genetics; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate / Q000235:genetics; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D010636:Phenols / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D000082:Acetaminophen; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds