[In vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 12,919 clinical isolates obtained from 72 centers in 2007].
We have reported in this journal in vitro susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibiotics every year since 1992. In this paper, we report the results of an analysis of in vitro susceptibilities of 12,919 clinical isolates from 72 centers in Japan to selected antibiotics in 2007 compared with the results from previous years. The common respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae maintained a high susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (FQs). The resistance of S. pyogenes to macrolides has been increasing every year and this was especially clear this year. Most strains of Enterobacteriaceae except for Escherichia coli showed a high susceptibility to FQs. Almost 30% of E. coli strains were resistant to FQs and the resistance increased further this year. FQs resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was approximately 95% with the exception of 45% for sitafloxacin (STFX). FQs resistance of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) was low at about 10%. FQs resistance of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was higher than that of methicillin-susceptible coagulase negative Staphylococci (MSCNS), but it was lower than that of MRSA. However, FQs resistance of MSCNS was higher than that of MSSA. FQs resistance of Enterococcus faecalis was 22.5% to 29.6%, while that of Enterococcusfaecium was more than 85% except for STFX (58.3%). In clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa derived from urinary tract infections, FQs resistance was 21-27%, which was higher than that of P. aeruginosa from respiratory tract infections at 13-21%, which was the same trend as in past years. Multidrug resistant strains accounted for 5.6% in the urinary tract and 1.8% in the respiratory tract. Acinetobacter spp. showed high susceptibility to FQs. The carbapenem resistant strains, which present a problem at present, accounted for 2.7%. Neisseria gonorrhoeae showed high resistance of 86-88% to FQs. The results of the present survey indicated that although methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, Enterococci, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and N. gonorrhoeae showed resistance tendencies, and other species maintained high susceptibility rates more than 90% against FQs, which have been used clinically for over 15 years.
Yamaguchi
Keizo
K
Department of Microbiology and infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine.
Ohno
Akira
A
Ishii
Yoshikazu
Y
Tateda
Kazuhiro
K
Iwata
Morihiro
M
Kanda
Makoto
M
Akizawa
Kouji
K
Shimizu
Chikara
C
Kon
Shinichirou
S
Nakamura
Kastushi
K
Matsuda
Keiko
K
Tominaga
Makoto
M
Nakagawa
Takuo
T
Sugita
Akihiro
A
Ito
Tatsumi
T
Kato
Jun
J
Suwabe
Akira
A
Yamahata
Kumiko
K
Kawamura
Chizuko
C
Tashiro
Hiromi
H
Horiuchi
Hiroko
H
Katayama
Yosei
Y
Kondou
Shigemi
S
Misawa
Shigeki
S
Murata
Misturu
M
Kobayashi
Yoshio
Y
Okamoto
Hideyuki
H
Yamazaki
Kenichiro
K
Okada
Motoi
M
Haruki
Kosuke
K
Kanno
Harushige
H
Aihara
Masanori
M
Maesaki
Shigefumi
S
Hashikita
Giichi
G
Miyajima
Eiji
E
Sumitomo
Midori
M
Saito
Takefumi
T
Yamane
Nobuo
N
Kawashima
Chieko
C
Akiyama
Takahisa
T
Ieiri
Tamio
T
Yamamoto
Yoshitaka
Y
Okamoto
Yuki
Y
Okabe
Hidetoshi
H
Moro
Kunihiko
K
Shigeta
Masayo
M
Yoshida
Haruyoshi
H
Yamashita
Masanobu
M
Hida
Yukio
Y
Takubo
Takayuki
T
Kusakabe
Tadashi
T
Masaki
Hiroya
H
Heijyou
Hitoshi
H
Nakaya
Hideo
H
Kawahara
Kunimitsu
K
Sano
Reiko
R
Matsuo
Syuji
S
Kono
Hisashi
H
Yuzuki
Yosuke
Y
Ikeda
Norio
N
Idomuki
Masayo
M
Soma
Masayuki
M
Yamamoto
Go
G
Kinoshita
Syohiro
S
Kawano
Seiji
S
Oka
Mikio
M
Kusano
Nobuchika
N
Kang
Dongchon
D
Ono
Junko
J
Yasujima
Minoru
M
Miki
Makoto
M
Hayashi
Masato
M
Okubo
Syunji
S
Toyoshima
Syunkou
S
Kaku
Mitsuo
M
Sekine
Imao
I
Shiotani
Joji
J
Horiuchi
Hajime
H
Tazawa
Yoko
Y
Yoneyama
Akiko
A
Kumasaka
Kazunari
K
Koike
Kazuhiko
K
Taniguchi
Nobuyuki
N
Ozaki
Yukio
Y
Uchida
Takashi
T
Murakami
Masami
M
Inuzuka
Kazuhisa
K
Gonda
Hideo
H
Yamaguchi
Ikuo
I
fujimoto
Yoshinori
Y
Iriyama
Junji
J
Asano
Yuko
Y
Genma
Hitoshi
H
Maekawa
Masato
M
Yoshimura
Hitoshi
H
Nakatani
Kaname
K
Baba
Hisashi
H
Ichiyama
Satoshi
S
Fujita
Shinichi
S
Kuwabara
Masao
M
Okazaki
Toshiro
T
Fujiwara
Hiromitsu
H
Ota
Hiromi
H
Nagai
Astushi
A
Fujita
Jun
J
Negayama
Kiyoshi
K
Sugiura
Tetsuro
T
Kamioka
Mikio
M
Murase
Mitsuharu
M
Yamane
Nobuhisa
N
Nakasone
Isamu
I
Okayama
Akihiko
A
Aoki
Yosuke
Y
Kusaba
Koji
K
Nakashima
Yukari
Y
Miyanohara
Hiroaki
H
Hiramatsu
Kazufumi
K
Saikawa
Tetsunori
T
Yanagihara
Katsunori
K
Matsuda
Junichi
J
Kohno
Shigeru
S
Mashiba
Koichi
K
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin