Formaldehyde-inactivated whole-virus vaccine protects a murine model of enterovirus 71 encephalomyelitis against disease.
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) causes childhood hand, foot, and mouth disease and neurological complications, and no vaccines or therapeutic drugs are currently available. Formaldehyde-inactivated whole-virus vaccines derived from EV71 clinical isolates and a mouse-adapted virus (MAV) were tested in a mouse model of EV71 encephalomyelitis. After only two immunizations, given to mice at 1 and 7 days of age, the MAV vaccine protected mice at 14 days of age from disease. Tissues from immunized mice were negative for virus by viral culture, reverse transcriptase PCR, immunohistochemistry analysis, and in situ hybridization. Cross-neutralizing EV71 antibodies to strains with genotypes B3, B4, and C1 to C5 generated in immunized adult mice were able to passively protect 14-day-old mice from disease.
Department of Pathology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Kien Chai
KC
Ong
Shamala
S
Devi
Mary Jane
MJ
Cardosa
Kum Thong
KT
Wong
D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000276:immunology; D056738:Cross Protection; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004679:Encephalomyelitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004770:Enterovirus; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D051379:Mice; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D005557:Formaldehyde