Effect of repeated application of microbial larvicides on malaria transmission in central Côte d'Ivoire.
The effect of repeated applications of Bacillus thuringiensis var israeliensis (Bti) and B. sphaericus (Bs) on different entomologic parameters of malaria transmission was investigated in a village in central Côte d'Ivoire. The study area was monitored for potential mosquito breeding sites over a 7-month period. Microbial larvicides were applied once every 3 wk; first Bti (0.8 mg/liter), followed by Bs (10 mg/liter) 3-4 days later. Adult mosquitoes were collected inside and outside sentinel houses in 4 cross-sectional surveys using human landing catch. Repeated applications of Bti and Bs showed a decline in the biting rate of both Anopheles funestus and Anopheles gambiae. Moreover, the entomologic inoculation rate of An. funestus was significantly reduced (from 328 to 142, P = 0.005), whereas that of An. gambiae remained stable. In conclusion, microbial larvicides might play a role in an integrated approach for malaria control.
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
Emile S
ES
Tchicaya
Benjamin G
BG
Koudou
Jennifer
J
Keiser
Akré M
AM
Adja
Gueladio
G
Cissé
Marcel
M
Tanner
Yao
Y
Tano
Jürg
J
Utzinger
D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire / Q000453:epidemiology; D009033:Culicidae / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors