A longitudinal analysis of humor coping and quality of life in systemic sclerosis.
A connection between humor and health outcomes is widely assumed but has been understudied, particularly in clinical populations. The use of humor as a coping mechanism has been suggested as a potential predictor of quality of life (QOL) outcomes in chronic disease. This study assessed the relationship between humor and physical/mental health variables in a longitudinal study of individuals with systemic sclerosis (SSc), a progressive rheumatic disease that can be fatal in severe cases. It was hypothesized that humor coping (HC) would be inversely associated with disease severity, pain, disability, and psychological distress. It was also hypothesized that after implementing the appropriate demographic and disease severity controls, HC would predict these outcomes both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Ninety-three participants with SSc received clinical exams and completed self-report surveys. The exam and measures were repeated approximately 1 year later (n = 74). In bivariate correlational analysis, HC was found to be negatively associated with disease severity, pain, disability, and distress, as predicted. However, after controlling for covariates in hierarchical regression analysis, HC did not significantly predict any of the disease-related outcomes, either cross-sectionally or longitudinally. The HC did approach significance as a predictor of disability at Time 1, although the effect was weak. This study contributes to a growing body of evidence that HC may not be directly beneficial to QOL in chronic disease. Although the notion that HC could be an inexpensive and accessible point of intervention among the chronically ill is appealing, results suggest the relationship is associative and small at best, and do not provide evidence supporting the use of humor as a therapeutic strategy.
Merz
Erin L
EL
SDSU/UCSD Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, San Diego, California, USA.
Malcarne
Vanessa L
VL
Hansdottir
Ingunn
I
Furst
Daniel E
DE
Clements
Philip J
PJ
Weisman
Michael H
MH
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000523:psychology; D014925:Wit and Humor as Topic