Perforation after rigid pharyngo-oesophagoscopy: when do symptoms and signs develop?
BACKGROUND
Perforation after pharyngo-oesophagoscopy is a serious complication, and its identification, through close patient monitoring, is essential. Yet little is known about when symptoms and signs develop, and thus how long any close monitoring should last.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the timing of individual symptoms and signs of perforation after rigid pharyngo-oesophagoscopy.


METHODS
Three-centre, retrospective study.


RESULTS
Of 3459 patients undergoing rigid pharyngo-oesophagoscopy, 10 (0.29 per cent) developed perforations, nine of which were suspected intra-operatively. Symptoms and signs developed at 1.5 hours post-operatively at the earliest, and at 36 hours at the latest. Three patients were asymptomatic. The majority of procedures (n = 8) were undertaken for food bolus obstruction or foreign body ingestion.


CONCLUSIONS
Pharyngo-oesophagoscopy for food bolus obstruction and foreign body ingestion accounts for a large number of perforations, but symptoms and signs may take longer than 24 hours to develop. A contrast swallow should be considered in high risk patients, and a high index of suspicion maintained in order to detect this complication.
Daniel
M
M
Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Nottingham, UK. mat.daniel@nuh.nhs.uk
Kamani
T
T
Nogueira
C
C
Jaberoo
M-C
MC
Conboy
P
P
Johnston
M
M
Bradley
P
P
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004939:Esophageal Perforation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010611:Pharyngectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult