In vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility of dicalcium silicate cements for endodontic use.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to examine the in vitro bioactivity and biocompatibility of sol-gel-derived dicalcium silicate cements.


METHODS
The morphology, phase composition, and compressive strength of the novel cement were investigated after immersion in a simulated body fluid for different periods of time. Cement biocompatibility was evaluated by incubating the cement specimens with MG63 human osteoblast-like cells.


RESULTS
After immersion in a simulated body fluid as little as 1 hour, the cements were covered with clusters of bone-like apatite spherulites. The characteristic peaks of apatite at 2theta = 25.9 degrees and 31.8 - 32.9 degrees appeared. The compressive strength of the cement was increased from the initial strength value of 12.3 MPa to 1-day strength value of 20.2 MPa; these values were significantly different (P < .05). The MG63 cell viability increased 15% and 23% on the cement surfaces when compared with the control on hour 6 and day 7 of incubation, respectively. The cells appeared flat and exhibited intact, well-defined morphology on the cement surface.


CONCLUSIONS
Both bioactivity and biocompatibility of the dicalcium silicate cement consistently make it a potential candidate for endodontic use.
Chen
Chun-Cheng
CC
Department of Dentistry, Chung-Shan Medical University, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Ho
Chia-Che
CC
David Chen
Chan-Hen
CH
Wang
Wei-Chung
WC
Ding
Shinn-Jyh
SJ
D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D048430:Cell Shape; D002470:Cell Survival; D019245:Compressive Strength; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007101:Immersion; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D044367:Phase Transition; D010949:Plasma; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012823:Silicate Cement / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D001031:Apatites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C013481:dicalcium silicate; D012823:Silicate Cement