[In vitro susceptibilities to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 12,919 clinical isolates obtained from 72 centers in 2007].
We have reported in this journal in vitro susceptibilities of clinical isolates to antibiotics every year since 1992. In this paper, we report the results of an analysis of in vitro susceptibilities of 12,919 clinical isolates from 72 centers in Japan to selected antibiotics in 2007 compared with the results from previous years. The common respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae maintained a high susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (FQs). The resistance of S. pyogenes to macrolides has been increasing every year and this was especially clear this year. Most strains of Enterobacteriaceae except for Escherichia coli showed a high susceptibility to FQs. Almost 30% of E. coli strains were resistant to FQs and the resistance increased further this year. FQs resistance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was approximately 95% with the exception of 45% for sitafloxacin (STFX). FQs resistance of methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA) was low at about 10%. FQs resistance of methicillin-resistant coagulase negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was higher than that of methicillin-susceptible coagulase negative Staphylococci (MSCNS), but it was lower than that of MRSA. However, FQs resistance of MSCNS was higher than that of MSSA. FQs resistance of Enterococcus faecalis was 22.5% to 29.6%, while that of Enterococcusfaecium was more than 85% except for STFX (58.3%). In clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa derived from urinary tract infections, FQs resistance was 21-27%, which was higher than that of P. aeruginosa from respiratory tract infections at 13-21%, which was the same trend as in past years. Multidrug resistant strains accounted for 5.6% in the urinary tract and 1.8% in the respiratory tract. Acinetobacter spp. showed high susceptibility to FQs. The carbapenem resistant strains, which present a problem at present, accounted for 2.7%. Neisseria gonorrhoeae showed high resistance of 86-88% to FQs. The results of the present survey indicated that although methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, Enterococci, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and N. gonorrhoeae showed resistance tendencies, and other species maintained high susceptibility rates more than 90% against FQs, which have been used clinically for over 15 years.
Department of Microbiology and infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine.
Keizo
K
Yamaguchi
Akira
A
Ohno
Yoshikazu
Y
Ishii
Kazuhiro
K
Tateda
Morihiro
M
Iwata
Makoto
M
Kanda
Kouji
K
Akizawa
Chikara
C
Shimizu
Shinichirou
S
Kon
Kastushi
K
Nakamura
Keiko
K
Matsuda
Makoto
M
Tominaga
Takuo
T
Nakagawa
Akihiro
A
Sugita
Tatsumi
T
Ito
Jun
J
Kato
Akira
A
Suwabe
Kumiko
K
Yamahata
Chizuko
C
Kawamura
Hiromi
H
Tashiro
Hiroko
H
Horiuchi
Yosei
Y
Katayama
Shigemi
S
Kondou
Shigeki
S
Misawa
Misturu
M
Murata
Yoshio
Y
Kobayashi
Hideyuki
H
Okamoto
Kenichiro
K
Yamazaki
Motoi
M
Okada
Kosuke
K
Haruki
Harushige
H
Kanno
Masanori
M
Aihara
Shigefumi
S
Maesaki
Giichi
G
Hashikita
Eiji
E
Miyajima
Midori
M
Sumitomo
Takefumi
T
Saito
Nobuo
N
Yamane
Chieko
C
Kawashima
Takahisa
T
Akiyama
Tamio
T
Ieiri
Yoshitaka
Y
Yamamoto
Yuki
Y
Okamoto
Hidetoshi
H
Okabe
Kunihiko
K
Moro
Masayo
M
Shigeta
Haruyoshi
H
Yoshida
Masanobu
M
Yamashita
Yukio
Y
Hida
Takayuki
T
Takubo
Tadashi
T
Kusakabe
Hiroya
H
Masaki
Hitoshi
H
Heijyou
Hideo
H
Nakaya
Kunimitsu
K
Kawahara
Reiko
R
Sano
Syuji
S
Matsuo
Hisashi
H
Kono
Yosuke
Y
Yuzuki
Norio
N
Ikeda
Masayo
M
Idomuki
Masayuki
M
Soma
Go
G
Yamamoto
Syohiro
S
Kinoshita
Seiji
S
Kawano
Mikio
M
Oka
Nobuchika
N
Kusano
Dongchon
D
Kang
Junko
J
Ono
Minoru
M
Yasujima
Makoto
M
Miki
Masato
M
Hayashi
Syunji
S
Okubo
Syunkou
S
Toyoshima
Mitsuo
M
Kaku
Imao
I
Sekine
Joji
J
Shiotani
Hajime
H
Horiuchi
Yoko
Y
Tazawa
Akiko
A
Yoneyama
Kazunari
K
Kumasaka
Kazuhiko
K
Koike
Nobuyuki
N
Taniguchi
Yukio
Y
Ozaki
Takashi
T
Uchida
Masami
M
Murakami
Kazuhisa
K
Inuzuka
Hideo
H
Gonda
Ikuo
I
Yamaguchi
Yoshinori
Y
fujimoto
Junji
J
Iriyama
Yuko
Y
Asano
Hitoshi
H
Genma
Masato
M
Maekawa
Hitoshi
H
Yoshimura
Kaname
K
Nakatani
Hisashi
H
Baba
Satoshi
S
Ichiyama
Shinichi
S
Fujita
Masao
M
Kuwabara
Toshiro
T
Okazaki
Hiromitsu
H
Fujiwara
Hiromi
H
Ota
Astushi
A
Nagai
Jun
J
Fujita
Kiyoshi
K
Negayama
Tetsuro
T
Sugiura
Mikio
M
Kamioka
Mitsuharu
M
Murase
Nobuhisa
N
Yamane
Isamu
I
Nakasone
Akihiko
A
Okayama
Yosuke
Y
Aoki
Koji
K
Kusaba
Yukari
Y
Nakashima
Hiroaki
H
Miyanohara
Kazufumi
K
Hiramatsu
Tetsunori
T
Saikawa
Katsunori
K
Yanagihara
Junichi
J
Matsuda
Shigeru
S
Kohno
Koichi
K
Mashiba
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin