Associations of serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone with surrogate markers of insulin resistance among U.S. adults without physician-diagnosed diabetes: NHANES, 2003-2006.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are associated with surrogate markers of insulin resistance (IR) in U.S. adults without physician-diagnosed diabetes.


METHODS
Cross-sectional data (n = 3,206) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 were analyzed.


RESULTS
The age-adjusted prevalence of hyperinsulinemia, high homeostasis model assessment-IR, high GHb, and fasting and 2-h hyperglycemia decreased linearly across quintiles of 25(OH)D but increased linearly across quintiles of PTH (except for a quadratic trend for fasting hyperglycemia). After extensive adjustment for potential confounders, the relationships between 25(OH)D and the markers of IR and 2-h hyperglycemia persisted. Only hyperinsulinemia was positively associated with PTH (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Among U.S. adults without physician-diagnosed diabetes, low concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were associated with markers of IR. The role of PTH in IR deserves further investigation.
Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. gzhao@cdc.gov
Guixiang
G
Zhao
Earl S
ES
Ford
Chaoyang
C
Li
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010820:Physicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D