Tobacco use and its determinants in HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy in West African countries.
BACKGROUND
Tobacco smoking is common in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients from industrialised countries. In West Africa, few data concerning tobacco consumption exist.


METHODS
A cross-sectional survey of the International Epidemiological Database to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) network in West Africa was conducted. Health workers administered a questionnaire assessing tobacco and cannabis consumption among patients receiving antiretroviral treatment. Regular smokers were defined as current smokers who smoked >1 cigarette per day for >or=1 year.


RESULTS
Overall, 2920 patients were enrolled in three countries. The prevalence of ever smokers and regular smokers were respectively 46.2% (95%CI 42.8-49.5) and 15.6% (95%CI 13.2-18.0) in men and 3.7% (95%CI 2.9-4.5) and 0.6% (95%CI 0.3-0.9) in women. Regular smoking was associated with being from Côte d'Ivoire or Mali compared to Benin (OR 4.6, 95%CI 2.9-7.3 and 7.7, 95%CI 4.4-13.6), severely impaired immunological status at highly active antiretroviral treatment initiation (OR 1.5, 95%CI 1.1-2.2) and history of tuberculosis (TB; OR 1.8, 95%CI 1.1-3.0).


CONCLUSIONS
There are marked differences in smoking prevalence among these West African countries. This survey approach also provides proof of the association between cigarette smoking and TB in HIV-infected patients, a major public health issue in this part of the world.
HIV Epidemiology, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale CRE U 897, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France. antoine.jaquet@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr
A
A
Jaquet
D K
DK
Ekouevi
M
M
Aboubakrine
J
J
Bashi
E
E
Messou
M
M
Maiga
H A
HA
Traore
M
M
Zannou
C
C
Guehi
F O
FO
Ba-Gomis
A
A
Minga
G
G
Allou
S P
SP
Eholie
F
F
Dabis
E
E
Bissagnene
A J
AJ
Sasco
D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001541:Benin / Q000453:epidemiology; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D019992:Databases as Topic; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008302:Mali / Q000453:epidemiology; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents