[The effect of "hospital clowns" on distress and maladaptive behaviours of children who are undergoing minor surgery].
The presence of clowns in health care settings is a program used in many countries to reduce distress in children who are undergoing surgery. The aim of the present study is to determine the effect of the presence of clowns on children's distress and maladaptive behaviours while in hospital for minor surgery. The sample consisted of 61 pediatric patients (aged 3-12 years) undergoing general anesthesia for minor surgery. Participants were assigned to two groups: experimental and control group. The child's distress was assessed using FAS (Facial Affective Scale). Postoperative maladaptive behaviors were evaluated one week after surgery, using the PHBQ (Post-Hospital Behavior Questionnaire). Our results suggest that clowns are not able to reduce the child's level of distress. However, postoperative maladaptive behaviours in the experimental group decreased, but the decrease was not statistically significant. Further research is needed to determine the effects of clowns in hospitals, taking into account age, sex, parents' presence, and diverse hospital settings.
Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
Victoria
V
Meisel
Karin
K
Chellew
Esperança
E
Ponsell
Ana
A
Ferreira
Leonor
L
Bordas
Gloria
G
García-Banda
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D002673:Child, Hospitalized / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D027641:Laughter Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D002666:Psychology, Child; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative; D016896:Treatment Outcome