DNA damage and oxidative stress in human liver cell L-02 caused by surface water extracts during drinking water treatment in a waterworks in China.
Because of the daily and life-long exposure to disinfection by-products formed during drinking water treatment, potential adverse human health risk of drinking water disinfection is of great concern. Toxicological studies have shown that drinking water treatment increases the genotoxicity of surface water. Drinking water treatment is comprised of different potabilization steps, which greatly influence the levels of genotoxic products in the surface water and thus may alter the toxicity and genotoxicity of surface water. The aim of the present study was to understand the influence of specific steps on toxicity and genotoxicity during the treatment of surface water in a water treatment plant using liquid chlorine as the disinfectant in China. An integrated approach of the comet and oxidative stress assays was used in the study, and the results showed that both the prechlorination and postchlorination steps increased DNA damage and oxidative stress caused by water extracts in human derived L-02 cells while the tube settling and filtration steps had the opposite effect. This research also highlighted the usefulness of an integrated approach of the comet and oxidative stress assays in evaluating the genotoxicity of surface water during drinking water treatment.
Xie
Shao-Hua
SH
Department of Occupational and Environmental Health and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
Liu
Ai-Lin
AL
Chen
Yan-Yan
YY
Zhang
Li
L
Zhang
Hui-Juan
HJ
Jin
Bang-Xiong
BX
Lu
Wen-Hong
WH
Li
Xiao-Yan
XY
Lu
Wen-Qing
WQ
D002460:Cell Line; D002681:China; D002713:Chlorine / Q000633:toxicity*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000633:toxicity*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
D004202:Disinfectants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002713:Chlorine