MR imaging in Duchenne muscular dystrophy: quantification of T1-weighted signal, contrast uptake, and the effects of exercise.
OBJECTIVE
To quantify the differences between normal and corticosteroid-treated Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) lower limb muscle using signal intensity measurements on T(1)-weighted and gadolinium contrast-enhanced images and by measurement of muscle T(2) values, and to investigate the effect of exercise.


METHODS
Eleven ambulant boys with DMD were imaged at 3 Tesla (T(1)-weighted, gadolinium enhancement and T(2) measurement) before stepping exercise and again (gadolinium, T(2) measurement) 4 days later and were compared with five healthy controls imaged 4 days before and after stepping exercise. Muscle region-of-interest signal intensities were referenced to external oil and gadolinium phantoms.


RESULTS
DMD thigh muscle T(2) values were significantly higher than normal values with the exception of the gracilis muscle. Eight of nine muscles studied showed a significant increase in T(1)-w signal intensity in DMD as compared to normal muscle, suggestive of increased fat infiltration in DMD muscle. In the DMD boys, an exercise effect (increased contrast enhancement) was only seen for the tibialis anterior muscle.


CONCLUSIONS
Referenced signal intensity measurements may be used to quantify differences between dystrophic and normal muscle without T(1) mapping. Stepping exercise does not have a large impact on subsequent MR imaging of dystrophic muscle.
Garrood
Penelope
P
Institute of Human Genetics, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Hollingsworth
Kieren G
KG
Eagle
Michelle
M
Aribisala
Benjamin S
BS
Birchall
Daniel
D
Bushby
Kate
K
Straub
Volker
V
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D015444:Exercise; D005091:Exons; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D009154:Mutation
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium