Psychosocial impact of visual impairment in working-age adults.
OBJECTIVE
To review the evidence for the presence of lower levels of psychosocial well-being in working-age adults with visual impairment and for interventions to improve such levels of psychosocial well-being.


METHODS
Systematic review of quantitative studies published in English from 2001 to July 2008 that measured depression/mental health, anxiety, quality of life, social functioning or social support.


RESULTS
Included were 29 studies that measured one or more outcomes (N = 52). Working-age adults with visual impairment were significantly more likely to report lower levels of mental health (mean difference = 14.51/100), social functioning (MD = 11.55/100) and quality of life. Studies regarding the prevalence of depressive symptoms produced inconsistent results but had methodological limitations.


CONCLUSIONS
Future research is required into the prevalence of loneliness, anxiety and depression in adults with visual impairment, and to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for improving psychosocial well-being such as counselling, peer support and employment programmes.
Nyman
S R
SR
Clinical Health Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK. snyman@bournemouth.ac.uk
Gosney
M A
MA
Victor
C R
CR
D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology*; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008603:Mental Health; D011788:Quality of Life; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012944:Social Support; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000523:psychology*