Risk factors for mortality in patients with nosocomial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to determine potential risk factors for mortality in patients with nosocomial Stenotrophomonas maltophilia pneumonia.


METHODS
A retrospective, single-center, observational study.


METHODS
A 2400-bed tertiary teaching hospital in southern Taiwan.


METHODS
This retrospective study evaluated patients (age, at least 18 years) with nosocomial pneumonia (S. maltophilia isolated from respiratory culture) who were seen at Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital over a 3-year period. A total of 406 patients (64% male, mean age +/- standard deviation, 69.6 +/- 14.93 years; mean duration of hospital +/- standard deviation, 57.5 +/- 39.47 days) were included.


RESULTS
Most index isolates (53.9%) were from the first sample cultured. Polymicrobial isolates were cultured from samples from 177 (43.6%) of the 406 study patients. The most common copathogen was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (53.11% of isolates). The all-cause hospital mortality rate was 42.6% (173 deaths among 406 patients). Survivors had a shorter time from admission to a positive index culture result than did nonsurvivors (26.1 vs 31.7 days; P = .04). Mortality was significantly higher among patients with malignancy (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.52-4.07; P < .001), renal disease (AOR, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.51-4.47; P = .001), intensive care unit stay (AOR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.1-2.7; P = .018), and inadequate initial empirical antibiotic therapy (AOR, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.4-3.38; P = .001).


CONCLUSIONS
S. maltophilia pneumonia is associated with a high mortality rate and is commonly associated with concomitant polymicrobial colonization or infection. Underlying comorbidities and inadequate initial empirical antibiotic therapy substantially account for increased mortality rates.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chia-Cheng
CC
Tseng
Wen-Feng
WF
Fang
Kuo-Tung
KT
Huang
Pei-Wen
PW
Chang
Mei-Lien
ML
Tu
Yi-Ping
YP
Shiang
I S
IS
Douglas
Meng-Chih
MC
Lin
D000368:Aged; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia