Biofunctionalized, phosphonate-grafted, ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles for combined targeted cancer therapy and multimodal imaging.
A novel, inexpensive biofunctionalization approach is adopted to develop a multimodal and theranostic nanoagent, which combines cancer-targeted magnetic resonance/optical imaging and pH-sensitive drug release into one system. This multifunctional nanosystem, based on an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanocore, is modified with a hydrophilic, biocompatible, and biodegradable coating of N-phosphonomethyl iminodiacetic acid (PMIDA). Using appropriate spacers, functional molecules, such as rhodamine B isothiocyanate, folic acid, and methotrexate, are coupled to the amine-derivatized USPIO-PMIDA support with the aim of endowing simultaneous targeting, imaging, and intracellular drug-delivering capability. For the first time, phosphonic acid chemistry is successfully exploited to develop a stealth, multifunctional nanoprobe that can selectively target, detect, and kill cancer cells overexpressing the folate receptor, while allowing real-time monitoring of tumor response to drug treatment through dual-modal fluorescence and magnetic resonance imaging.
Das
Manasmita
M
Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India. md_manasmita@yahoo.com
Mishra
Debasish
D
Dhak
Prasanta
P
Gupta
Satyajit
S
Maiti
Tapas Kumar
TK
Basak
Amit
A
Pramanik
Panchanan
P
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D063065:Organophosphonates; C000499:ferric oxide