Pretransplantation cellular alloreactivity is predictive of acute graft rejection and 1-year graft function in kidney transplant recipients.
OBJECTIVE
To study cellular alloimmunity in kidney allograft recipients using an interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay (ELISPOT).


METHODS
Donor splenocyte peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained during kidney recovery in 53 kidney recipients including 11 with positive panel-reactive antibodies pretransplantation. For ELISPOT data analysis, the spot number, size, and intensity were calculated, reflecting the volume of cytokine secretion at the single-cell level. Results were recalculated as the ratio of the values observed for donor-stimulated to unstimulated recipient cells corrected for residual donor activity.


RESULTS
Significantly greater pretransplantation donor-stimulated activity was observed in recipients who experienced an acute rejection episode (ARE) within 1 year (P < .05). Mean change in spot number, size, and intensity in patients without or with AREs was 0.99 vs 3.33, 1.60 vs 6.05, and 1.40 vs 6.31, respectively. The assessed parameters were prognostic of high risk of ARE: 1.5-fold increase in spot number (ARE incidence, 52% vs 9%), 2.5-fold increase in spot size (ARE incidence, 53% vs 13%), and 2.7-fold increase in spot intensity (ARE incidence, 52% vs 9%). The 3 parameters correlated with 1-year serum creatinine concentration (P < .05). In 14 recipients, AREs could have been predicted in 11 using pretransplantation ELISPOT results, and in only 2 on the basis of panel-reactive antibodies.


CONCLUSIONS
The ELISPOT-determined capacity of donor-induced reactivity observed in recipient cells obtained just before transplantation is predictive of risk of graft rejection and 1-year allograft function.
Koscielska-Kasprzak
K
K
Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
Drulis-Fajdasz
D
D
Kaminska
D
D
Mazanowska
O
O
Krajewska
M
M
Gdowska
W
W
Bieniecki
W
W
Chudoba
P
P
Polak
W
W
Janczak
D
D
Patrzalek
D
D
Klinger
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D057234:Preoperative Period; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017211:Treatment Failure; D055815:Young Adult
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007518:Isoantibodies; D003404:Creatinine