Isolipidic additions of fat from corn germ, corn distillers grains, or corn oil in dairy cow diets.
Eight multiparous and 8 primiparous Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 x 4 Latin square design with 4-wk periods to determine the effects on dairy cow performance of feeding corn germ (CG) compared with dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) or corn oil (CO). Four isolipidic dietary treatments were formulated: a control diet, a 14% corn germ diet (CGD), a 30% dry distillers grains with solubles diet (DGD), and a 2.5% corn oil diet (COD). All diets were formulated to contain 6.0% fat, with the fat in the control diet provided by a ruminally inert fat source. Dry matter intake was decreased by feeding the COD compared with the CGD; however, no difference in dry matter intake was observed among the control diet, the DGD, and the COD. Dietary treatments had no effect on milk yield, energy-corrected milk, or 4% fat-corrected milk. Feeding CG had no effect on milk fat percentage when compared with the control diet; however, milk fat percentage tended to decrease with DDGS and decreased with CO when compared with the CGD. Milk protein percentage decreased when cows were fed the COD compared with the control diet. Feeding CO tended to decrease milk fat yield compared with CG; however, dietary treatments had no effect on milk protein and lactose yield. Feed efficiency was not affected by dietary treatments and averaged 1.55 kg of energy-corrected milk/kg of dry matter intake. Feeding DDGS and CO increased the concentration of vaccenic and conjugated linoleic acid in milk fat. Concentrations of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk were increased in response to feeding the 3 corn coproducts. Fat from CG appears to be relatively protected in the rumen when compared with that from DDGS and CO and therefore will not affect the production of milk fat to the degree of the more available fat in DDGS and CO.
Dairy Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
M M
MM
Abdelqader
A R
AR
Hippen
K F
KF
Kalscheur
D J
DJ
Schingoethe
A D
AD
Garcia
D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D003314:Corn Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D003612:Dairying / Q000379:methods*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D003313:Zea mays / Q000378:metabolism*
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D003314:Corn Oil