Plasma calprotectin in chronically dialyzed end-stage renal disease patients.
OBJECTIVE
The current study aimed to evaluate plasma calprotectin levels and clearance end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with and without acute infection undergoing chronic hemodialysis (HD).


METHODS
Blood samples from 54 HD patients were obtained before and after the HD and 42 healthy blood donors were examined as controls. The blood levels of calprotectin, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and intracellular production of interleukins 10 and 12 in monocytes were determined in both groups.


RESULTS
The concentrations of plasma calprotectin in ESRD patients were significantly higher than in healthy controls (p < 0.05). No differences between pre- and post-HD calprotectin plasma levels were observed (p = 0.07 for two-tailed test). Plasma calprotectin levels were not significantly influenced by the presence of acute infection (p = 0.19) or diabetes (p = 0.42). A significant positive correlation of plasma calprotectin to plasma beta-2 microglobulin was proven (p < 0.05). Procalcitonin (PCT), CRP, IL-10, and IL-12 were not correlated with plasma calprotectin before or after HD. The elevation of plasma calprotectin was correlated strongly to the hemodialysis vintage (r = 0.55, p < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Significantly elevated levels of plasma calprotectin in ESRD patients occur without an acute infectious cause and are not affected by the presence of diabetes. By analogy to plasma beta-2 microglobulin, a close relation of plasma calprotectin to HD vintage was shown.
Institute of Clinical Biochemistry, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic. kmali@lf1.cuni.cz
Karin
K
Malícková
Helena
H
Brodská
Jana
J
Lachmanová
Sylvie
S
Dusilová Sulková
Ivana
I
Janatková
Helena
H
Marecková
Vladimír
V
Tesar
Tomás
T
Zima
D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood*; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000378:metabolism
C000606589:CALCA protein, human; D039841:Leukocyte L1 Antigen Complex; D011498:Protein Precursors; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D002116:Calcitonin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide