Infection with different hiv subtypes is associated with CD4 activation-associated dysfunction and apoptosis.
Determination of HIV-1 subtype may be important in the management of HIV-infected individuals, particularly with regard to deciding the CD4 cell count at which to initiate antiretroviral therapy. Non-B subtypes, A and D, are prevalent in Uganda, and individuals infected with subtype D seem to have faster disease progression compared with those infected with subtype A. We examined the level of apoptosis in CD4+ T cells in a study cohort of volunteers infected with subtypes A and D infection. Although the levels of apoptosis in the activated CD4+ cells significantly decreased with viral suppression, CD4+ apoptosis in individuals infected with subtype D were found to be significantly higher compared with those infected with subtype A before antiretroviral treatment. Surface expression of PD-1 on CD4 cells in subtype D was substantially higher compared with that in subtype A (P = 0.03). This difference was not observed in the CD8 population (P > 0.05). Our findings suggest that the infecting HIV subtypes exert an independent influence on the disease outcome in response to antiretroviral treatment.
Bousheri
Stephanie
S
California Department of Health Services, Richmond, CA 94804, USA.
Burke
Candace
C
Ssewanyana
Isaac
I
Harrigan
Richard
R
Martin
Jeffrey
J
Hunt
Peter
P
Bangsberg
David R
DR
Cao
Huyen
H
D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014454:Uganda
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C105992:PDCD1 protein, human; D061026:Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor