Associations of serum concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D and parathyroid hormone with surrogate markers of insulin resistance among U.S. adults without physician-diagnosed diabetes: NHANES, 2003-2006.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether concentrations of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) are associated with surrogate markers of insulin resistance (IR) in U.S. adults without physician-diagnosed diabetes.


METHODS
Cross-sectional data (n = 3,206) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2006 were analyzed.


RESULTS
The age-adjusted prevalence of hyperinsulinemia, high homeostasis model assessment-IR, high GHb, and fasting and 2-h hyperglycemia decreased linearly across quintiles of 25(OH)D but increased linearly across quintiles of PTH (except for a quadratic trend for fasting hyperglycemia). After extensive adjustment for potential confounders, the relationships between 25(OH)D and the markers of IR and 2-h hyperglycemia persisted. Only hyperinsulinemia was positively associated with PTH (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Among U.S. adults without physician-diagnosed diabetes, low concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were associated with markers of IR. The role of PTH in IR deserves further investigation.
Zhao
Guixiang
G
Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. gzhao@cdc.gov
Ford
Earl S
ES
Li
Chaoyang
C
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010820:Physicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
D015415:Biomarkers; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D