Interaction of ambient air pollution with asthma medication on exhaled nitric oxide among asthmatics.
The interaction between ambient air pollution and asthma medication remains unclear. The authors compared airway inflammation response to air pollution among asthmatics. Increases of 10 ppb of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and of 10 microg/m3 of particulate matter < 10 micron in diameter (PM10) daily concentrations were associated with an increase in exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) of 0.13 ppb (95% confidence interval = 0.06, 0.19) and of 0.07 ppb (95% confidence interval = 0.02, 0.12), respectively, in models adjusted for important covariates. The results show that the medication could not counteract airway inflammation effects of air pollution. Specifically, the patients on triamcinolone decreased the sensitivity to PM10 but increased the sensitivity to NO2. The patients on salmeterol were more vulnerable to both NO2 and PM10. This study indicates that the current pollution levels may still enhance airway inflammation among patients with persistent asthma even when they are on asthma medications.
Qian
Zhengmin
Z
Department of Public Health Sciences, Penn State University and the Geisinger Center for Health Research, USA. zqian1@geisinger.edu
Lin
Hung-Mo
HM
Chinchilli
Vernon M
VM
Lehman
Erik B
EB
Duan
Yinkang
Y
Craig
Timothy J
TJ
Wilson
William E
WE
Liao
Duanping
D
Lazarus
Stephen C
SC
Bascom
Rebecca
R
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000293:Adolescent; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000032:analysis; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001944:Breath Tests; D002648:Child; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D014505:Urban Population; D055815:Young Adult
D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000393:Air Pollutants; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052638:Particulate Matter; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010126:Ozone; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D000420:Albuterol; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide