Risk factors for low back pain and its relation with pain related disability and depression in a Turkish sample.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relation of depression and pain-related disability associated with Low Back Pain (LBP).


METHODS
The Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and Zung Depression Scale were sent to 3800 randomly select adults in Kayseri, Turkey. The demographic characteristics of the participants (Socioeconomic status, age etc) and low back pain (frequency, intensity, duration) features together with pain-related factors were investigated in responding participants. The participants who had self-reported LBP during the study period were accepted as the study group.


RESULTS
807 (37.1%) of the participants reported that they had low back pain at the time of interview. The study group had a score of 52.91+/-24.20 mm for VAS, 52.30+/-10.67 for the Zung Depression Scale and 24.53+/-17.22 for the Quebec Back Pain Disability Scale. Age, female gender, smoking ( > 20 cigarettes per day), low socioeconomical status and living in a rural habitat were found to be associated with low back pain. Depression (P= 0.017) and disability (P= 0.002) were found to be independent risk factors for VAS.


CONCLUSIONS
Determination of the frequency and intensity of low back pain and related factors is needed for the prevention and management of pain. Mood disorders and self reported restriction in daily activities should be screened in patients with low back pain.
Erciyes University, School of Medicine, Neurosurgery Department, Kayseri, Turkey.
Bulent
B
Tucer
Bektas Murat
BM
Yalcin
Ahmet
A
Ozturk
Mustafa Mumtaz
MM
Mazicioglu
Yusuf
Y
Yilmaz
Metehan
M
Kaya
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult