Are current guidelines for categorization of visual impairment in India appropriate?
BACKGROUND
Visual disability in India is categorized based on severity. Sometimes the disabled person does not fit unambiguously into any of the categories.


OBJECTIVE
To identify and quantify disability that does not fit in the current classification, and propose a new classification that includes all levels of vision.


METHODS
Retrospective chart review of visual disability awarded in a teaching hospital.


METHODS
The last hundred records of patients who had been classified as visually disabled were screened for vision in both eyes and percentage disability awarded. Data were handled in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration.


RESULTS
Twenty-one patients had been classified as having 30% disability, seven each had 40% and 75%, and 65 had 100% disability. Eleven of them did not fall into any of the current categories, forcing the disability board to use its own judgment. There was a tendency to over-grade the disability (seven of 11; 63.6%). The classification proposed by us is based on the national program for control of blindness' definition of normal vision (20/20 to 20/60), low vision ( < 20/60 to 20/200), economic blindness ( < 20/200 to 20/400) and social blindness ( < 20/400). It ranges from the mildest disability (normal vision in one eye, low vision in the other) up to the most severe grade (social blindness in both eyes).


CONCLUSIONS
The current classification of visual disabilities does not include all combinations of vision; some disabled patients cannot be categorized. The classification proposed by us is comprehensive, progresses logically, and follows the definitions of the national program.
Department of Ophthalmology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India.
Parveen K
PK
Monga
Binay P
BP
Parwal
Jolly
J
Rohatgi
Upreet
U
Dhaliwal
D001766:Blindness / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D017408:Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D014792:Visual Acuity