Influence of apple cultivar and juice pasteurization on hard cider and eau-de-vie methanol content.
Apple eau-de-vie is a traditional alcoholic beverage produced in France by distillation of fermented apple juice (hard cider). The current research was undertaken to determine the methanol content of hard cider and apple eau-de-vie made from four apple cultivars grown in the Finger Lakes region of New York State. The methanol concentration of hard cider varied from 0.037% to approximately 0.091%, and the methanol content of apple eau-de-vie ranged from below 200 mg to more than 400 mg/100mL of 40% ethanol. The United States legal limit of methanol for fruit brandy is 0.35% by volume or 280 mg/100mL of 40% ethanol. Of the four apple cultivars examined, Crispin apples yielded significantly more methanol in hard cider and eau-de-vie than Empire, Jonagold or Pacific Rose apples. Pasteurization of Crispin apple juice prior to alcoholic fermentation significantly reduced the methanol content of hard cider and eau-de-vie.
Hang
Yong D
YD
Department of Food Science and Technology, Cornell University, 630 W. North Street, Geneva, NY 14456, USA. YDH1@cornell.edu
Woodams
Edward E
EE
D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*; D000432:Methanol / Q000032:analysis*; D009518:New York
D000432:Methanol