The inhibitory effect of apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G) and its family members on the activity of cellular microRNAs.
The apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3G (APOBEC3G or APOBEC3G) and its fellow cytidine deaminase family members are potent restrictive factors for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and many other retroviruses. However, the cellular function of APOBEC3G remains to be further clarified. It has been reported that APOBEC3s can restrict the mobility of endogenous retroviruses and LTR-retrotransposons, suggesting that they can maintain stability in host genomes. However, APOBEC3G is normally cytoplasmic. Further studies have demonstrated that it is associated with an RNase-sensitive high molecular mass (HMM) and located in processing bodies (P-bodies) of replicating T-cells, indicating that the major cellular function of APOBEC3G seems to be related to P-body-related RNA processing and metabolism. As the function of P-body is closely related to miRNA activity, APOBEC3G could affect the miRNA function. Recent studies have demonstrated that APOBEC3G and its family members counteract miRNA-mediated repression of protein translation. Further, APOBEC3G enhances the association of miRNA-targeted mRNA with polysomes, and facilitates the dissociation of miRNA-targeted mRNA from P-bodies. As such, APOBEC3G regulate the activity of cellular miRNAs. Whether this function is related to its potent antiviral activity remains to be further determined.
Zhang
Hui
H
Center for Human Virology, Thomas Jefferson University, 809 Curtis Building, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. hui.zhang@jefferson.edu
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D022083:Cytoplasmic Structures / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D035683:MicroRNAs; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase