Distribution of HDL-cholesterol and non-HDL-cholesterol in Brazilian children and adolescents--the Floripa study.
OBJECTIVE
HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and non-HDL-cholesterol (nHDL-C) are involved in atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of HDL-C and nHDL-C and its association with cardiovascular and socio-cultural variables in a pediatric Brazilian sample.


RESULTS
Children and adolescents from Florianopolis were randomly selected and a structured questionnaire was administered, a physical examination was performed and a blood sample was collected. Enzymatic and Direct methods in vitro were used to determine the total cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol levels. The associations among HDL-C and nHDL-C and the described variables were tested by odds ratio and logistic regression. A total of 1009 individuals were examined. Based on the Brazilian criteria, 23% were classified with low levels of HDL-C and 25% with high levels of non-HDL-C. After multivariate analysis there were significant associations among low HDL-C and high C-reactive protein (OR, 3.3; 95% CI, 2.1-5.2), paternal tobacco use (OR, 1.5; 95% CI,1.1-2.1), and high triceps-to-subscapular index (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.1-2.2). There were also significant associations among high nHDL-C and high waist circumference (OR, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.16-3.29), black skin color (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.06-3.06), and high income (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.09-2.02).


CONCLUSIONS
In this sample, low levels of HDL-C were associated with other clinical variables such as a centripetal fat pattern and C-reactive protein, and n-HDL-C was associated with abdominal obesity, skin color and economic class.
Giuliano
I
I
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Departamento de Pediatria, Trindade, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil. isabela@ccs.ufsc.br
Freitas
S
S
Coutinho
M
M
Zunino
J
J
Caramelli
B
B
Berenson
G
G
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D044383:Black People; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D003469:Culture; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015233:Models, Statistical; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D002784:Cholesterol