Carrying the burdens of poverty, parenting, and addiction: depression symptoms and self-silencing among ethnically diverse women.
Depression among women commonly co-occurs with substance abuse. We explore the association between women's depressive symptoms and self-silencing accounting for the effects of known childhood and adult risk indicators. Participants are 233 ethnically diverse, low-income women who abused alcohol/drugs prenatally. Depressive symptomatology was assessed using the Addiction Severity Index. Multivariate logistic regression models examined the association between self-silencing and the dependent depression variable. The full model indicated a 3% increased risk for depressive distress for each point increase in self-silencing score (OR = 1.03; P = .001). Differences in depressive symptomatology by ethnic groups were accounted for by their differences in self-silencing.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, 180 Nickerson Street, Seattle, WA 98109-1631, USA. granttm@u.washington.edu
Therese M
TM
Grant
Dana C
DC
Jack
Annette L
AL
Fitzpatrick
Cara C
CC
Ernst
D000328:Adult; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011203:Poverty; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000208:ethnology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult