Radiofrequency ablation as first-line treatment in patients with early colorectal liver metastases amenable to surgery.
OBJECTIVE
Aiming at avoidance of futile surgery, we have tested whether radiofrequency ablation (RFA) may be used as first-line treatment in patients with colorectal metastases (CRLM) occurring within the first year after colorectal surgery.


BACKGROUND
Surgical resection is the standard treatment in patients with CRLM. Major retrospective analyses have identified the interval between colorectal surgery and the occurrence of CRLM to be of prognostic importance. So far, it is unknown whether survival of the respective patients is hampered if RFA is used as first-line treatment.


METHODS
According to a clinical pathway, we have treated patients with CRLM detected within the first year after colorectal surgery preferentially by RFA (n=28). Resection (n=82) was performed in patients who were deemed not amenable to RFA due to number, size, or location of metastatic lesions. The diameter of lesions differed between the groups. All other characteristics of patients and lesions were comparable. Local recurrence and new hepatic lesions were treated with repeated RFA or surgery whenever possible.


RESULTS
Local recurrence at the site of ablation or resection occurred in 32% and 4% (P<0.001), new metastases apart from the site of previous treatment in 50% and 34% (P=0.179), and systemic recurrence in 32% and 37% (P=0.820) of the patients after RFA and surgery, respectively. Time to progression was significantly shorter in patients primarily treated with RFA (203 vs. 416 days; P=0.017). After primary treatment, 9 RFA patients and 8 surgery patients were amenable to repeated RFA or repeated surgery resulting in identical rates of disease-free patients and identical 3-year overall survival in both treatment groups: 67% and 60%, respectively; P=0.93.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite striking differences in local tumor recurrence and shorter time to progression, survival in patients with early CRLM does not depend on the mode of primary hepatic treatment.
Otto
Gerd
G
Department of Transplantation and Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. otto@transplantation.klinik.uni-mainz.de
Düber
Christoph
C
Hoppe-Lotichius
Maria
M
König
Jochem
J
Heise
Michael
M
Pitton
Michael Bernhard
MB
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis