Non-typhoid Salmonellae and prosthetic valve endocarditis: more than a rare coincidence? A review of the literature.
Non-typhoid Salmonellae (NTS) commonly cause gastroenteritis but are rarely found pathogens in prosthetic heart valve endocarditis. The details of two patients from the authors' institution and 15 published cases are reviewed in terms of their risk factors, clinical findings and outcomes. Only two of eight patients with paravalvular leakage or abscess--the most serious local complications--survived, both with surgery. It appears that NTS bacteremia in patients with prosthetic valves and concomitant risk factors should be treated early with high-dose antimicrobials for up to six weeks in order to minimize the risk of endocarditis.
Gorki
Hagen
H
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, USA. Hgorki@aol.com
Nicolay
Nils H
NH
Loulmet
Didier F
DF
Patel
Nirav C
NC
Ciuffol
Giovanni B
GB
Subramanian
Valavanur A
VA
Lessnau
Klaus D
KD
D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014463:Ultrasonography