Temporal profile and clinical significance of serum neuron-specific enolase and S100 in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
BACKGROUND
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100 protein are implicated in several brain injuries, including stroke. Our objective was to analyze the temporal profile and the clinical significance of NSE and S-100 in acute ischemic (IS) and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).


METHODS
We studied 224 patients with IS and 44 patients with ICH. Computerized tomography (CT) scans were performed to assess infarct volume. Stroke severity was evaluated using the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and functional outcome at 3 months with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Serum NSE and S100 protein were measured using an electrochemiluminescence-immunoassay.


RESULTS
Peak values were found at 72 h for NSE and at 24 h for S100 in IS. For ICH, peak values were found at 24 h for both NSE and S100. At these time intervals S100 and NSE correlated with the NIHSS score and were independently associated with poor outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
High serum NSE and S100 are associated with poor outcome in IS, and high serum NSE is associated with poor outcome in ICH. These findings suggest the potential utility of NSE and S100 as prognostic markers for acute stroke.
Department of Neurology, Clinical Neuroscience Research Laboratory, Hospital Clínico Universitario, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
David
D
Brea
Tomás
T
Sobrino
Miguel
M
Blanco
Iván
I
Cristobo
Raquel
R
Rodríguez-González
Manuel
M
Rodríguez-Yañez
Octavio
O
Moldes
Jesús
J
Agulla
Rogelio
R
Leira
José
J
Castillo
D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000097:blood*; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology
D009418:S100 Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase