title: [A case of non-traumatic tension pneumocephalus 12 years after initial ventriculo-peritoneal shunt].
abstract: The authors presented a patient with non-traumatic tension pneumocephalus 12 years after initial ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. A 60-year-old man had a past history of subarachnoid hemorrhage. At ÿtime, he underwent clipping surgery and emplacement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt with a low pressure valve, and was discharged from hospital in a bedridden condition. After 12 years, he was transferred to our hospital because of dysarthria and right hemiparesis. On admission, he had multiple dimples of the scalp in the left frontal area where craniotomy had been carried out 12 years before. Head CT scan revealed air located mainly in bilateral subdural space and collapsed ventricles. We suspected that he had a tension pneumocephalus through a scalp-subdural fistula induced by long-term low intracranial pressure. Operation for closure of the fistula was intended. During the operation a subdural abscess was found so, artificial bone and the shunt system was removed. We were able to detect the fistula from the defect of the scalp to the subdural space and closed it by repairing a scalp defect, using dural plasty. Postoperative clinical course was uneventful and the patient was discharged. About 6 month after the operation, cranioplasty and lumbo-peritoneal shunt was performed. We must recognize that appropriate management of intracranial pressure after installation of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt is necessary for prevention of tension pneumocephalus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chugoku Rousai Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Idei
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumano
authors.forename: Ryuta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakae
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011007:Pneumocephalus / Q000209:etiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000009:adverse effects*