title: Molecular and morphological markers for rapid distinction between 2 Colletotrichum species.
abstract: Endophytic microorganisms reside asymptomatically within plants and are a source of new bioactive products for use in medicine, agriculture, and industry. Colletotrichum (teleomorph Glomerella) is a fungus widely cited in the literature as a producer of antimicrobial substances. Identification at the species level, however, has been a problem in this type of study. Several authors have reported the presence of endophytic fungi from the medicinal plant Maytenus ilicifolia ("espinheira-santa") in Brazil that has antimicrobial activity against various pathogens. Therefore, Colletotrichum strains were isolated from M. ilicifolia and identified based on morphology, RAPD markers, sequence data of the internal transcribed spacer regions (ITS-1 and ITS-2), the 5.8S gene, and species-specific PCR. The analyses suggested the presence of 2 species, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum boninense. Two morphological markers were characterized to allow C. gloeosporioides and C. boninense to be distinguished quickly and accurately. The molecular diagnosis of C. boninense was confirmed by using Col1 and ITS4 primers. This species of Colletotrichum is reported for the first time in M. ilicifolia.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Departamento de Biologia Estrutural, Ponta Grossa, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sônia Alvim Veiga
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pileggi
authors.forename: Sarah Franco
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Vieira de Oliveira
authors.forename: Caroline Waculicz
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Vânia Aparecida
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Patrícia do Rocio
authors.initials: Pdo R
authors.lastname: Dalzoto
authors.forename: Gerson
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kniphoff da Cruz
authors.forename: Juarez
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gabardo
authors.forename: Nelson Sidnei
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Massola
authors.forename: Hugo José
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Tozze
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pileggi
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kava-Cordeiro
authors.forename: Lygia Vitória
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Galli-Terasawa
authors.forename: Ida Chapaval
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.forename: Danyelle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stringari
authors.forename: Chirlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Glienke
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D020231:Colletotrichum / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D029755:Maytenus / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000235:genetics; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S