title: Troponin and S100 beta are associated with depression in healthy older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depression has a significant impact on the functioning of older adults and often precedes cognitive decline or dementia. The current study examines the association between biomarkers related to neurocognitive outcome and depression in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five older adults without significant neurological or psychiatric history underwent fasting blood draw and psychological testing. Self-reported measures of current and history of depression and assays for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, S100-beta, amyloid beta, and troponin were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Troponin levels were found to be inversely related to current depression (r = -0.35, p = 0.03), while individuals who reported having a past history of depression had significantly higher levels of S100 beta than those who did not report this (t (33) = -2.08, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study shows some support for the association of neurocognitive biomarkers to depression, though the mechanisms for these relationships are unclear and warrant further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA. abenitez@kent.edu
authors.forename: Andreana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benitez
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gunstad
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Spitznagel
authors.forename: Judi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Juvancic-Heltzel
authors.forename: Leigh
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; D014336:Troponin