title: Re-transplantation from the same unrelated donor in three adolescents with severe aplastic anemia after graft rejection.
abstract: Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) from a matched unrelated donor (MUD) has become the accepted salvage treatment for patients with severe aplastic anemia (SAA) lacking a matched sibling donor and failing immunosuppressive treatment. However, non-engraftment and early rejection remain main reasons for treatment related morbidity and mortality. We report on three adolescents who were grafted from MUD, rejected their graft and were re-grafted 47-51 days after first HSCT from the same donor. For conditioning, fludarabine, cyclophosphamide, ATG and/or OKT3 in combination with total lymphoid irradiation was used. Unmanipulated peripheral blood stem cells at a minimum dose of 8 x 10(6)/kg CD34+cells were infused. Acute toxicity was low. Two patients are alive and well for more than 3 years, one patient developed extended chronic graft-versus-host disease from which he died 34 months after second HSCT. Re-transplantation from MUD in the case of non-engraftment or rejection from the same donor is possible following immunoablation combined with intensive serotherapy in young patients with SAA.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig-Maximilian-University, Dr. von Haunersches Kinderspital, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Munich, Germany. monika.fuehrer@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Führer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Claviez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Humpe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schrauder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D046148:Donor Selection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000628:therapy*; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019233:Retreatment; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods