title: The effect of a fortified milk drink on vitamin D status and bone turnover in post-menopausal women from South East Asia.
abstract: Calcium and vitamin D are essential for bone growth; milk is an appropriate vehicle to be fortified with calcium, vitamin D and other minerals. The purpose of the current study was to compare the effect of supplementing with a high calcium milk drink with added vitamin D, magnesium and zinc (HCM) versus a placebo drink on serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) and vitamin D status as well as markers of bone formation/resorption in postmenopausal women living in South East Asia (Jakarta, Indonesia and Manila, the Philippines) over a period of 4 months. Calcium intake at baseline was 237 mg (median; 176-316, interquartile range) for Indonesia and 353 mg (median; 222-480, interquartile range) for the Filipino women per day. Fortified milk supplementation reduced the percentage of women that were insufficient in 25 (OH) vitamin D(3) (<50 nmol/L) from 70% to 22% in the Indonesian women and 20% to 0% in the Filipino women. Fortified milk supplementation significantly reduced parathyroid hormone levels (PTH) by week 2 (22% and 11%), C-telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) by week 2 (34% and 27%), osteocalcin (OC) by week 8 (18% and 25%) and procollagen type I N-propeptide (PINP) by week 8 (15% and 21%), in women from Indonesia and the Philippines, respectively. Thus, the HCM intervention was able to significantly improve vitamin D status, lower PTH levels and reduce bone turnover in two groups of South East Asian women.
authors.affiliation: IFNHH, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand. m.c.kruger@massey.ac.nz
authors.forename: Marlena C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kruger
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Schollum
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kuhn-Sherlock
authors.forename: Andon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hestiantoro
authors.forename: Paulus
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wijanto
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li-Yu
authors.forename: Imelda
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Agdeppa
authors.forename: Joanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eastell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010679:Philippines / Q000453:epidemiology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D