title: Hip adductor muscle function in forward skating.
abstract: Adductor strain injuries are prevalent in ice hockey. It has long been speculated that adductor muscular strains may be caused by repeated eccentric contractions which decelerate the leg during a stride. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of skating speed with muscle activity and lower limb kinematics, with a particular focus on the role of the hip adductors. Seven collegiate ice hockey players consented to participate. Surface electromyography (EMG) and kinematics of the lower extremities were measured at three skating velocities 3.33 m/s (slow), 5.00 m/s (medium) and 6.66 m/s (fast). The adductor magnus muscle exhibited disproportionately larger increases in peak muscle activation and significantly prolonged activation with increased speed. Stride rate and stride length also increased significantly with skating velocity, in contrast, hip, knee and ankle total ranges of motion did not. To accommodate for the increased stride rate with higher skating speeds, the rate of hip abduction increased significantly in concert with activations of adductor magnus indicating a substantial eccentric contraction. In conclusion, these findings highlight the functional importance of the adductor muscle group and hip abduction-adduction in skating performance as well as indirectly support the notion that groin strain injury potential increases with skating speed.
authors.affiliation: Biomechanics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Turcotte
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pearsall
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006688:Hockey / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012861:Skating / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult