title: I-TAC is a dominant chemokine in controlling skin intragraft inflammation via recruiting CXCR3+ cells into the graft.
abstract: Chemokines play a critical role in the acute transplant rejection. In order to provide an overview of the chemokine expression during the course of acute allograft rejection, the intragraft expression profile of 11 chemokines representative of all four chemokine subfamilies was analyzed in a murine skin transplantation model of acute rejection. It was found that RANTES/CCL5, TARC/CCL17 and FKN/CX(3)CL1 were expressed at equivalent levels in iso- and allografts. However, the other eight chemokines expression was up-regulated to some extent in allograft compared with that in isograft. The levels of MIP-1alpha/CCL3, MIP-3alpha/CCL20 and CTACK/CCL27 were progressively increased from early stage (day 3 post-transplantation) to late stage (day 11). Mig/CXCL9, IP-10/CXCL10, I-TAC/CXCL11, CXCL16 and LTN/XCL1 expression was elevated at middle stage (day 7), and peaked at late stage. Among the up-regulated chemokines, I-TAC was the most obviously elevated chemokine. Therefore, the effect of I-TAC on the skin acute allograft rejection was evaluated. Block of I-TAC by the intradermal injection of anti-I-TAC monoclonal antibody (mAb) reduced the number of CXCR3(+) cells in skin allograft and significantly prolonged the skin allograft survival. The mAb treatment did not influence the proliferation of the intragraft infiltrating cells in response to the allogeneic antigens, but significantly decreased the number of the infiltrating cells and consequently lowered the secretion of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. These data indicate I-TAC might be a dominant chemokine involved in the intradermal infiltration and I-TAC-targeted intervening strategies would have potential application for the alleviation of acute transplant rejection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institute for Immunobiology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
authors.forename: Baohua
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhenggang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhenke
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sidong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; C515203:Cxcl11 protein, mouse; C515188:Cxcr3 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3