title: Risk factors associated with rosacea.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although rosacea is a common disease, the cause of disease is still a mystery -Helicobacter pylori infection, genetic predisposition, climatic factors, and detrimental habits are implicated as triggers of rosacea.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of current study is to evaluate several suspected risk factors coincidently.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with rosacea from a dermatology clinic and skin-healthy controls from an randomly selected employees' population enrolled the study. Skin status were evaluated by one and same dermatologist. Participants were queried for age, gender, sun-reactive skin type, and detrimental habits using a questionnaire; blood samples for detecting Helicobacter pylori serostatus were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally 145 skin-healthy controls and 172 subjects either with flushing episodes or established rosacea included the study. In multivariate analysis, rosacea patients had significantly higher chance to have photosensitive skin types (OR 1.75; 95% CI 1.01-3.04; P < 0.05), positive family history to rosacea (OR 4.31; 95% CI 2.34-7.92; P < 0.0001) or previous smoking status (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.07-3.80; P < 0.05) comparing with skin-healthy controls. There were no statistically significant differences either in gender, Helicobacter pylori serostatus, caffeine intake, alcohol consumption, occupational environment, or education level between rosacea patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rosacea is foremost associated with familial predisposition. There is no association between Helicobacter pylori infection and rosacea in current study.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Dermatology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. kristi.abram@kliinikum.ee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abram
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Silm
authors.forename: H-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Maaroos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oona
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012393:Rosacea / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires