Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns and sequence analysis of high-level mupirocin-resistant meticillin-resistant staphylococci.
High-level mupirocin resistance results from the acquisition of a mupirocin resistance (Mupr) plasmid carrying the mupA gene. In this study, we investigated the heterogeneous location of the mupA gene as well as sequence variations in mupA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) types of high-level mupirocin-resistant (MuH) staphylococci isolated from tertiary hospitals and long-term care facilities in South Korea. RFLP patterns of the mupA gene were investigated in 14 MuH staphylococci isolates, and sequence variations of the cassette-like construction composed of the transfer gene complex (trs), an insertion sequence (IS257-like) and the mupA gene of the Mupr plasmid were also studied. Among the 14 isolates, four different EcoRI/HindIII banding patterns were observed, which were determined to be caused by sequence deletion between the mupA gene and trsLM of the trs gene complex. Four different sequence types were also identified for the trsLM-IS257-like-mupA cassette. The IS257-like sequence of all MuH staphylococci showed two base pair substitutions and one base deletion compared with the sequence of IS257. The heterogeneous location of the mupA gene was caused by sequence deletion adjacent to the IS257-like sequence of the trsLM-IS257-like-mupA cassette construction, and the IS257-like sequence was found in all MuH staphylococci.
Yoo
Jae Il
JI
Division of Antimicrobial Resistance, Center for Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Seoul, South Korea.
Shin
Eun Shim
ES
Chung
Gyung Tae
GT
Lee
Kyeong Min
KM
Yoo
Jeong Sik
JS
Lee
Yeong Seon
YS
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016712:Mupirocin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D056910:Republic of Korea; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C480380:mupA protein, Staphylococcus aureus; D016712:Mupirocin