title: Minimal surgery for parotid stones: a 7-year endoscopic experience.
abstract: The results of endoscope-assisted parotid surgery are presented as a minimally invasive alternative to parotidectomy for large parotid stones. From 1999 to 2007, 70 patients with parotid sialoliths were treated by minimally invasive surgical techniques in three specialist centres. At surgery a combination of sialoendoscopic and ultrasound examination was used to locate the stone within the duct. The calculus was released by incising the duct through a pre-auricular approach (40 patients) or by direct transcutaneous incision over the stone (27 patients). Four patients were treated using other minimally invasive procedures. Local anesthesia was used in 22 patients and general anesthesia in 48. The average follow-up was 25.5 months with two patients lost to review. In 3 patients treatment had long-term complications (persistent stone fragment; obstructive symptoms due to a fibrous stricture; a visible scar on the cheek). In one patient, endoscopy was abandoned due to stricture. 85 stones were retrieved successfully from 69 patients. The average size of the stones was 7.2 mm. There were no cases of facial nerve weakness or salivary fistula. The data suggest that endoscopic-assisted surgery is a viable alternate to adenectomy for the treatment of large or recalcitrant parotid stones.
authors.affiliation: Oral Maxillofacial Surgery Guys Hospital, Guy's Hospital SE1 9RT London, UK.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karavidas
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nahlieli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGurk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D010305:Parotid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012008:Recurrence; D012465:Salivary Duct Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D018987:Salivary Ducts / Q000601:surgery; D015607:Stents; D055815:Young Adult