title: Angiotensin II exerts glucose-dependent effects on Kv currents in mouse pancreatic beta-cells via angiotensin II type 2 receptors.
abstract: Hyperglycemia-associated glucotoxicity induces beta-cell apoptosis but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Interestingly, prolonged exposure to high glucose upregulates the expression and function of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). We hypothesize that the voltage-gated outward potassium (K(v)) current, which governs beta-cell membrane potential and insulin secretion, has a role in glucotoxicity. In this study, we investigated the effects of prolonged exposure to high glucose on mouse pancreatic beta-cells and concurrent effects on the RAS by examining changes in expression of angiotensin II (ANG II) receptors and changes in the expression and activity of K(v) channels. beta-Cells were incubated in high glucose medium for 1-7 days and then were examined with electrophysiological and molecular biology techniques. Prolonged exposure to high glucose produced a marked increase in beta-cell primary K(v) channel subunit, K(v)2.1, expression and K(v) current amplitude. Enhanced expression of ANG II type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) was also observed under high glucose conditions, whereas blockade of AT(1)R by losartan did not alter K(v) channel expression. External application of ANG II reduced K(v) current amplitude under normal, but not high, glucose conditions. The effect of ANG II on K(v) channel gating was abolished by ANG II type 2 receptor (AT(2)R) antagonism. These data suggest that hyperglycemia alters beta-cell function through modification of the K(v) channel which may be associated with the RAS.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Kwan Yi
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Qianni
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lai Shan
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Au
authors.forename: Sai Wang
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Ya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tuo
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Motin
authors.forename: Yiu Wa
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: Po Sing
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism*; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D057912:Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D019808:Losartan / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D051669:Shab Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D057912:Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Blockers; D007093:Imidazoles; D007328:Insulin; C496990:Kcnb1 protein, mouse; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D051669:Shab Potassium Channels; D000804:Angiotensin II; C073402:PD 123319; D005947:Glucose; D019808:Losartan; D011188:Potassium