title: Potential clinical impact of compounded versus noncompounded intrathecal baclofen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the differences between commercial and pharmacy-compounded preparations of baclofen for intrathecal administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmacies in the United States advertising compounded intrathecal baclofen preparation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) samples were collected from 1 Food and Drug Administration-approved commercial source and 6 compounding pharmacies. An independent analysis of drug concentration and density was conducted. Information regarding ordering process, manufacturing, packaging, storage, and expiration was collected.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of concentration and density variations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine ITB samples in concentrations of 2000, 3000, 4000, 5000, and 6000 microg/mL were analyzed. Over 40% of compounded samples were more than 5% above or below labeled concentration. Twenty-two percent of compounded samples were more than 10% above or below labeled concentration. The only samples with no concentration deviation and consistent drug density were the commercially available, noncompounded products.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compounding pharmacies have variable practices in the provision of ITB. A high incidence of concentration inaccuracy existed. The use of compounded ITB may result in unintended dose alterations. Variable clinical efficacy, or life-threatening overdose or withdrawal may occur in patients who are sensitive to slight dose fluctuations. Given the variability of these compounded ITB samples, informed consent to use these products and understanding of potential side effects should be reviewed with patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA. emoberg@chw.org
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moberg-Wolff
mesh_terms: D001418:Baclofen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000592:standards*; D004348:Drug Labeling; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D001418:Baclofen