title: Intranasal immunization promotes th17 immune responses.
abstract: Th17 cells are a lineage of CD4+ T cells characterized by IL-17 secretion, which plays a crucial role in immune responses against important respiratory pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis. In this study, we demonstrated that intranasal (i.n.) immunization leads per se to Th17-biased immune responses, regardless of the adjuvant used. The activated CD4+ T cells also showed an up-regulated expression of the chemokine receptor CCR6, which is a marker for murine Th17 cells. These results have important implications in the context of optimizing rational vaccine design, since i.n. immunization appears to be the strategy of choice for situations where the induction of a Th17 phenotype would be beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vaccinology and Applied Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany. beata.zygmunt@helmholtz-hzi.de
authors.forename: Beata M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Zygmunt
authors.forename: Faiza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rharbaoui
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groebe
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Guzman
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D054399:Receptors, CCR6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C498126:CCR6 protein, mouse; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6; D054399:Receptors, CCR6; D010047:Ovalbumin