title: In situ intracellular spectroscopy with surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-enabled nanopipettes.
abstract: We report on a new analytical approach to intracellular chemical sensing that utilizes a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS)-enabled nanopipette. The probe is comprised of a glass capillary with a 100-500 nm tip coated with gold nanoparticles. The fixed geometry of the gold nanoparticles allows us to overcome the limitations of the traditional approach for intracellular SERS using metal colloids. We demonstrate that the SERS-enabled nanopipettes can be used for in situ analysis of living cell function in real time. In addition, SERS functionality of these probes allows tracking of their localization in a cell. The developed probes can also be applied for highly sensitive chemical analysis of nanoliter volumes of chemicals in a variety of environmental and analytical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Elina A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Vitol
authors.forename: Zulfiya
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Orynbayeva
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Azizkhan-Clifford
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Yury
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gogotsi
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D008845:Microinjections; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D006046:Gold