title: Itraconazole treatment of nonmeningeal coccidioidomycosis in children: two case reports and review of the literature.
abstract: Coccidioides immitis causes a wide range of disease in humans. Fluconazole and itraconazole are effective treatments. Clinical evidence suggests that itraconazole is equivalent or superior to fluconazole in treating osteoarticular infections in rates of cure and recurrence. We report 2 cases of coccidioidomycosis involving bone in children successfully treated with itraconazole oral solution. Itraconazole oral solution is effective in treating nonmeningeal coccidioidomycosis in children, particularly skeletal disease, and infections that are refractory to fluconazole.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Southern California School of Medicine, 1640 Marengo St 3rd floor, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. homans@usc.edu
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Homans
authors.forename: LaShonda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003045:Coccidioides / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003047:Coccidioidomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole