title: Endosulfan in vitro toxicity in Atlantic salmon hepatocytes obtained from fish fed either fish oil or vegetable oil.
abstract: The composition of the feed may alter the cellular composition of an organism and thus has the potential to influence a xenobiotic response. The main aim of this study was to see if the fatty acid composition of primary hepatocytes isolated from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) obtained from fish fed either a fish oil or a vegetable oil based diet, influenced the response to endosulfan exposure in vitro. The primary cultures were exposed to six different concentrations of endosulfan (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 microM) for 48 h. Cell morphology as well as a molecular toolbox of 16 genes encoding stress responsive and biotransformation proteins was examined. Endosulfan exposure caused moderate cytotoxicity and steatosis in a dose-dependent manner in the hepatocytes. In general, endosulfan hepatoxicity seems to be unaffected by the fatty acid composition of the hepatocytes. Exceptions were general stress (HSP70) and markers for estrogen exposure (ZP and VTG), which appeared to be slightly less responsive in hepatocytes isolated from the vegetable oil fed fish.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Nutrition and Seafood Research, N-5817 Bergen, Norway. anne.krovel@nifes.no
authors.forename: Anne Vatland
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Krøvel
authors.forename: Liv
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Søfteland
authors.forename: Bente E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Torstensen
authors.forename: Pål A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Olsvik
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000633:toxicity*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D005395:Fish Oils; D029941:Fish Proteins; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; D010938:Plant Oils; D004726:Endosulfan