title: Minocycline inhibition of photoreceptor degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether systemic minocycline can protect photoreceptors in experimental retinal detachment (RD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retinal detachment was induced in mice by subretinal injection of sodium hyaluronate, 1.4%. In 1 experiment, mice received daily injections of minocycline (group 1) or saline (group 2). In a second experiment, mice were treated with minocycline or saline beginning 24 hours prior, immediately after, or 24 hours after experimental RD. In both experiments, photoreceptor cell survival and apoptosis were assessed by immunohistochemistry with primary antibodies against photoreceptor cell markers, rod rhodopsin, and cone opsin, and by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin end labeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Photoreceptor cell apoptosis was detected at day 1 after experimental RD, with apoptotic cells peaking in number at day 3 and dropping by day 7. Treatment with minocycline significantly reduced the number of apoptotic photoreceptor cells associated with RD when given 24 hours before or even 24 hours after RD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that minocycline may be useful in the treatment of photoreceptor degeneration associated with RD, even when given up to 24 hours after RD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of minocycline in patients with macula-off RD may prevent photoreceptor apoptosis and glial cell proliferation, improving final visual outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Joon-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyle D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kovacs
authors.forename: Jorge G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Arroyo
authors.forename: Dong F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008911:Minocycline / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000473:pathology; D055355:Opsins / Q000378:metabolism; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012163:Retinal Detachment; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D055355:Opsins; D012243:Rhodopsin; D053148:Caspase 3; D008911:Minocycline