title: Knockdown of FOXO3 induces primordial oocyte activation in pigs.
abstract: Mammalian ovaries are endowed with a large number of primordial follicles, each containing a nongrowing oocyte. Only a small population of primordial oocytes (oocytes in primordial follicles) is activated to enter the growth phase throughout a female's reproductive life. Little is known about the mechanism regulating the activation of primordial oocytes. Here, we found that the primordial oocytes from infant pigs (10- to 20-day-old) grew to full size at 2 months after xenografting to immunodeficient mice, whereas those from prepubertal pigs (6-month-old) survived without initiation of their growth even after 4 months; thereafter, they started to grow and reached full size after 6 months. These results suggest that the mechanism regulating the activation of primordial oocytes in prepubertal pigs is different from that in infant pigs. In this regard, the involvement of FOXO3, a forkhead transcription factor, was studied. In prepubertal pigs, FOXO3 was detected in almost all (94+/-2%) primordial oocyte nuclei, and in infant pigs, 42+/-7% primordial oocytes were FOXO3 positive. At 4 months after xenografting, the percentage of FOXO3-positive primordial oocytes from prepubertal pigs had decreased to the infant level. Further, siRNA was designed to knock down porcine FOXO3. FOXO3-knockdown primordial follicles from prepubertal pigs developed to the antral stage accompanied by oocyte growth at 2 months after xenografting. These results suggest that primordial oocytes are dormant in prepubertal pigs by a FOXO3-related mechanism to establish a nongrowing oocyte pool in the ovary, and that a transient knockdown of the FOXO3 activates the primordial oocytes to enter the growth phase.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan. monir@silver.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moniruzzaman
authors.forename: Jibak
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zengyo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyano
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001483:Base Sequence; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000637:transplantation; D010052:Ovariectomy; D034622:RNA Interference; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors