title: Larvicidal activity of extracts from three Plumbago spp against Anopheles gambiae.
abstract: Three Plumbago spp have been tested for mosquito larvicidal activity. The crude extracts exhibiting the highest larvicidal activity against Anopheles gambiae were hexane (LC50 = 6.4 microg/mL) and chloroform (LC50 = 6.7 microg/mL) extracts from Plumbago zeylanica Linn, chloroform (LC50 = 6.7 ug/mL) extract from Plumbago stenophylla Bull and ethyl acetate (LC50 = 4.1 microg/mL) extract from Plumbago dawei Rolfe. These LC50 values were within 95% confidence limits. 5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone (plumbagin) 1 (LC50 = 1.9 microg/mL) and beta-sitosterol 2 were characterised from ethyl acetate extract of root bark of P. dawei, a native medicinal plant growing in Kenya, based on spectral analysis and comparisons with data in literature.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Barasa M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Maniafu
authors.forename: Lwande
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilber
authors.forename: Isaiah O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Ndiege
authors.forename: Cornelius C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wanjala
authors.forename: Teresa Ayuko
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Akenga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029606:Plumbaginaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts