title: Surface characteristics and in vitro biocompatibility of titanium anodized in a phosphoric acid solution at different voltages.
abstract: The surface of commercially pure titanium was modified by anodization treatment in a phosphoric acid solution at different voltages: 100 V, 200 V and 300 V. The surface characteristics of anodic TiO2 layers and their influence on the cell response were investigated. Micrographs by scanning electron microscopy revealed that the dense and uniform oxide layer obtained at 100 V exhibits a nanostructured surface which is similar to the surface of natural tooth cementum. In contrast, porous oxide layers without nanometer features were produced at higher voltages. Thin film x-ray diffraction analysis confirmed the existence of anatase in the oxide layer obtained at 300 V, but not in oxide layers obtained at 100 V and 200 V. The in vitro biocompatibility study of oxide layers demonstrated greater cell adhesion and proliferation of the oxide layer obtained at 100 V compared to the other two kinds of oxide layers.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga-koen 6-1, Kasuga, Fukuoka 816-8580, Japan. zxchen@riam.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Z X
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.forename: W X
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004566:Electrodes; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D010087:Oxides; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D011137:Polystyrenes; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; C030242:phosphoric acid