title: Public health impact of global heating due to climate change: potential effects on chronic non-communicable diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several categories of ill health important at the global level are likely to be affected by climate change. To date the focus of this association has been on communicable diseases and injuries. This paper briefly analyzes potential impacts of global climate change on chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the limited available evidence of the relationships between climate exposure and chronic and NCDs. We further reviewed likely mechanisms and pathways for climatic influences on chronic disease occurrence and impacts on pre-existing chronic diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There are negative impacts of climatic factors and climate change on some physiological functions and on cardio-vascular and kidney diseases. Chronic disease risks are likely to increase with climate change and related increase in air pollution, malnutrition, and extreme weather events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are substantial research gaps in this arena. The health sector has a major role in facilitating further research and monitoring the health impacts of global climate change. Such work will also contribute to global efforts for the prevention and control of chronic NCDs in our ageing and urbanizing global population.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 0200, Australia. kjellstromt@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tord
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kjellstrom
authors.forename: Ainslie J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Robyn M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonita
mesh_terms: D015984:Causality; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D057231:Climate Change; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D011634:Public Health