title: Effects of retorting factors on combustion properties of shale char. 3. Distribution of residual organic matters.
abstract: Shale char, formed in retort furnaces of oil shale, is classified as a dangerous waste containing several toxic compounds. In order to retort oil shale to produce shale oil as well as treat shale char efficiently and in an environmentally friendly way, a novel kind of comprehensive utilization system was developed to use oil shale for shale oil production, electricity generation (shale char fired) and the extensive application of oil shale ash. For exploring the combustion properties of shale char further, in this paper organic matters within shale chars obtained under different retorting conditions were extracted and identified using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method. Subsequently, the effects of retorting factors, including retorting temperature, residence time, particle size and heating rate, were analyzed in detail. As a result, a retorting condition with a retorting temperature of 460-490 degrees C, residence time of <40 min and a middle particle size was recommended for both keeping nitrogenous organic matters and aromatic hydrocarbons in shale char and improving the yield and quality of shale oil. In addition, shale char obtained under such retorting condition can also be treated efficiently using a circulating fluidized bed technology with fractional combustion.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Thermal Energy Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiangxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Xiumin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Junwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006358:Hot Temperature; D017745:Incineration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010316:Particle Size; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009821:Oils; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014866:Waste Products