title: Necessity of quantum coherence to account for the spectrum of time-dependent mutations exhibited by bacteriophage T4.
abstract: Transcriptase measurements of quantum expectations due to time-dependent coherent states populating informational DNA base-pair sites, designated by G-C --> *G-*C, G-C --> G'-C', and A-T --> *A-*T, provide a model for transcription and replication of time-dependent DNA lesions exhibited by bacteriophage T4. Coherent states are introduced as consequences of hydrogen bond arrangement, keto-amino --> enol-imine, where product protons are shared between two sets of indistinguishable electron lone-pairs and thus participate in coupled quantum oscillations at frequencies of ~10(13) s(-1). The transcriptase deciphers and executes genetic specificity instructions by implementing measurements on superposition proton states at *G-*C, G'-C', and *A-*T sites in an interval Δt << 10(-13) s. Decohered states participate in Topal-Fresco replication, which introduces substitutions *C --> T, *G --> A, G' --> T, and G' --> C, but superposition *A-*T states are deleted. These results imply an evolutionary shift favoring A-T richness.
authors.affiliation: International Physics Health and Energy, Inc., Lubbock, TX 79424, USA. cooperwg@sbcglobal.net
authors.forename: W Grant
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D017122:Bacteriophage T4 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D020029:Base Pairing; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D009154:Mutation; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases