title: HIV-associated oral plasmablastic lymphoma and role of adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is an HIV-associated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma that primarily affects the oral cavity. We describe the case of an HIV patient with a lesion in the maxilla that lasted four months. He was diagnosed with PBL and received highly active antiretroviral therapy as well as chemotherapy and local radiotherapy. The lesion regressed after the third cycle of chemotherapy. The patient interrupted antiretroviral treatment and the lesion recurred. The immune reconstitution secondary to the use of antiretroviral therapy seems to participate in the regression of PBL and maintains the remission of the tumour, but it might not be enough to prevent the development of PBL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Special Care Dentistry Center, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Francischini
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Braz-Silva
authors.forename: M H C G
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ortega
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D006801:Humans; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008441:Maxillary Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D055118:Medication Adherence; D009055:Mouth / Q000473:pathology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents