title: Sacral neuromodulation for multiple sclerosis patients with urinary retention and clean intermittent catheterization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, debilitating, neurological disease with numerous urological manifestations including urinary detrusor overactivity, detrusor sphincter dyssynergia, and urinary retention. Can sacral neuromodulation be successfully implemented for urinary retention in ambulatory women with multiple sclerosis?
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2002 and January 2008, we conducted an observational retrospective case-control study where 12 of 14 consecutive, ambulatory women with multiple sclerosis had stage 1/2 sacral neuromodulation performed under general anesthesia for urinary retention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve of 14 patients (86%) were successfully implanted, with a mean follow-up of 4.32 +/- 1.32 years and mean postvoid residual of 50.5 +/- 21.18 ml. The mean maximum uroflow was 17.7 +/- 7.9 ml/s. Two of the 12 patients (17%) required revisional surgeries for lead migration, and 40% needed battery replacement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary retention in multiple sclerosis female patients can be successfully and safely managed with sacral neuromodulation with few complications with a mean of 4 years follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Women's and Children's Hospital, Lafayette, LA 70508, USA. urourogyn@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Serge P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Marinkovic
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gillen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*