title: p53 and gamma radiation in the normal breast.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  With the increasing use of radiation as adjuvant therapy in breast cancer, the effects of gamma radiation on the remaining normal breast are of increasing importance. The complexities of multiple cellular types within breast tissues and the role of the pleiotropic Tumour Protein 53 (TP53, p53) protein with its downstream transcriptional targets and cellular processes may be central to the effects on residual normal breast tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While a detailed understanding of p53 protein-mediated responses in normal breast tissues remains elusive, p53 appears to have a pivotal role in the effects of gamma radiation on normal breast epithelium, but not stromal cells, which may account for the differing clinical effects of gamma radiation in women treated for breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Molecular Oncology, University of Dundee, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK.
authors.forename: Yajing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: M Virginia C L
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Appleyard
authors.forename: Phillip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: Alastair M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy; D005260:Female; D005720:Gamma Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000528:radiation effects; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53