title: Application of 19F magnetic resonance to study the efficacy of fluorine labeled drugs in the three-dimensional cultured breast cancer cells.
abstract: The cellular monitoring of tumor response to treatments is important for drug discovery and drug development in cancer therapy. We studied efficacy of Herceptin, a common breast cancer drug conjugated with a fluorine organic compound, perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether (PFCE) which easily forms biocompatible emulsions. Three new pharmaceutical forms of Herceptin, Herceptin/PFCE, Herceptin/PFCE/Lipoplex and Herceptin/PFCE/HydraLink were synthesized for the ex vivo study of their efficacy in breast cancer treatment. The emulsions were administered to 10(9)cells mL(-1) of HER-2 positive human adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cells and the same amount of human mammary epithelial cells (HMEC) cultured in three-dimensional (3D) geometry using hollow fiber bioreactor (HFB) device. Following drugs administration ex vivo, fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F MRI) was applied for cells imaging to measure their viability and to study drug efficacy over 72h. To ensure optimum drug tracking, HydraLink was used to provide stable binding affinity of emulsified Herceptin to receptor while cationic lipid (Lipofectamine) was used to enhance lipophilicity of the emulsions. After 72h of treatment with Herceptin, Herceptin/PFCE, Herceptin/PFCE/Lipoplex and Herceptin/PFCE/HydraLink the viability of cells was 54+/-2%, 49+/-3%, 43+/-5% and 42+/-1%, respectively, as compared with control 93+/-2%. The efficacy (EC(50)) of Herceptin conjugated with emulsions was found to be 970+/-13 microg mL(-1) for Herceptin/PFCE, 645+/-11 microg mL(-1) for Herceptin/PFCE/Lipoplex, 678+/-7 microg mL(-1) for Herceptin/PFCE/HydraLink and 1000+/-3 microg mL(-1) for Herceptin. The results show that fluorine emulsions improved the efficacy of Herceptin and (19)F signal intensity changes validated drug efficiency. The significant correlations between duration of treatments and MCF-7 cells viability were observed. While we studied breast cancer cells, the fluorine emulsions could be applied for treatment of other cancer cells overexpressing HER-2.
authors.affiliation: National Research Council Canada, Institute for Biodiagnostics (West), 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Dorota.Bartusik@gmail.com
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bartusik
authors.forename: Boguslaw
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tomanek
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D043844:Crown Ethers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011859:Radiography; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000068878:Trastuzumab; D005466:Fluorocarbons
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043844:Crown Ethers; D005461:Fluorine; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D000068878:Trastuzumab; C089317:perfluoro-15-crown-5-ether; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human