title: Umbilical cord blood-selected CD133(+) cells exhibit vasculogenic functionality in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Current clinical trials utilize non-selected bone marrow (BM) mononuclear cells (MNC) to augment vasculo genesis within ischemic vascular beds. Recent reports have identified a diminished number and function of hemat-opoietic stem cells (HSC) from aged and diseased patients. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) provides a potential robust allo-geneic source of HSC for therapeutic vasculogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  MNC and magnetically isolated CD133(+) cells were assessed for viability (trypan blue) and surface phenotype (flow cytometry). To test in vivo functionality of the cells, NOD/SCID mice underwent ligation of the right femoral artery followed immediately by cell injection. Blood flow recovery, necrosis, BM engraftment of human cells and histologic capillary density were determined. Cells were tested for potential mechanisms mediating the in vivo effects, including migration, cytokine secretion and angiogenic augmentation (Matrigel assays).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surface expression analysis showed CD31 (PECAM) expression was greatly increased in UCB CD133(+) cells compared with BM MNC. At 28 days, perfusion ratios were highest in animals receiving UCB CD133(+) cells, while animals receiving BM CD133(+) cells and BM MNC demonstrated perfusion ratios statistically higher than in animals treated with cytokine media alone. Animals receiving CD133(+) cells showed a statistically higher capillary density, reduced severe digit necrosis and increased engraftment in the BM than animals treated with unselected BM MNC. In vitro studies showed equivalent migration to stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), increased production of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and increased branch points with the co-incubation of CD133(+) cells with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in the Matrigel angiogenesis assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, UCB CD133(+) cells exhibit robust vasculogenic functionality compared with BM MNC in response to ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Marcie R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Finney
authors.forename: Laura R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Fanning
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Shyam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhakta
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Scheid
authors.forename: Marwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabe
authors.forename: Vincent J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Pompili
authors.forename: Mary J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Laughlin
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002196:Capillaries / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000494:pharmacology; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D018189:Immunomagnetic Separation / Q000379:methods; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse; D006023:Glycoproteins; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides; C000606024:Prom1 protein, mouse