title: Detection of norovirus-, sapovirus- and rhesus enteric calicivirus-specific antibodies in captive juvenile macaques.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-norovirus (NoV), -sapovirus (SaV) and -Tulane virus (TV) antibodies in rhesus macaques of the Tulane National Primate Research Center and to evaluate the antigenic relationship between these viruses. A high prevalence of NoV-binding (51-61 %) and SaV-binding (50-56 %) antibodies and TV-neutralizing (69 %) antibodies were detected. Serum samples obtained during a human NoV outbreak and a multivalent anti-NoV hyperimmune serum were not able to neutralize TV infectivity. Conversely, low levels of cross-reactivity between the prototype TV and NoVs, but not between the TV and SaVs were detected by ELISA. These data indicate the preservation of some cross-reactive B-cell epitopes between the rhesus and human caliciviruses (CVs). The high prevalence of human and rhesus CV-specific serum antibodies suggests the frequent exposure of colony macaques to enteric CVs including the possibility of CV transmission between human and non-human primate hosts.
authors.affiliation: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Tibor.Farkas@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Tibor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sestak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002139:Caliciviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D003429:Cross Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000821:virology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral