title: Long-term medical comorbidities and their management: hypertension/cardiovascular disease.
abstract: 1. There is a high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in liver transplant recipients. 2. There is a high incidence of premature onset of cardiovascular disease. 3. The choice of calcineurin inhibitor shows no long-term impact. 4. Established cardiovascular risk scores may determine an individual's risk for cardiovascular events. 5. Posttransplant arterial hypertension is a major burden. 6. Strict surveillance guidelines are needed. 7. Threshold levels for arterial blood pressure according to recommendations for high-risk individuals should be applied. 8. Therapeutic lifestyle changes should be encouraged. 9. Escalating pharmacological treatment with respect to renal function is recommended. 10. Alterations of immunosuppression should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Visceral, and Transplantation Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. olaf.guckelberger@charite.de
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Guckelberger
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D015897:Comorbidity; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents