title: Deep brain stimulation as a new therapeutic approach in therapy-resistant mental disorders: ethical aspects of investigational treatment.
abstract: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an established treatment option for some movement disorders, in particular Parkinson's disease. Only recently, a number of promising studies with small samples of patients have been published in which impressive therapeutic outcomes achieved by DBS in otherwise treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder, major depression, and Tourette's syndrome were reported. It seems probable that the investigational approach to treat mental disorders by DBS will increase substantially. Neurosurgical interventions in psychiatric patients raise ethical considerations not only based on the disreputable experiences of the era of psychosurgery. Therefore, it is necessary to implement transparent and well-defined regulations for the protection of the patients as well as appropriate support for therapeutic research. The current article aims to provide a synopsis of the DBS approach in mental disorders and the hitherto existing criteria for research. It suggests some additional requirements for ethically justifiable therapeutic research employing DBS in psychiatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50924 Cologne, Germany. Jens.Kuhn@uk-koeln.de
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gaebel
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klosterkoetter
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Woopen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000941:ethics*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D018795:Device Approval; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000941:ethics*; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration