title: Metformin versus laparoscopic ovarian drilling in clomiphene- and insulin-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the hormonal-metabolic profiles and reproductive outcomes in clomiphene-resistant patients with polycystic ovary syndrome and insulin resistance between women receiving metformin and those undergoing laparoscopic ovarian drilling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 110 eligible participants were randomly allocated to diagnostic laparoscopy plus metformin therapy (group 1, n=55) or laparoscopic ovarian drilling (group 2, n=55). The t test was used for mean comparisons of hormonal-metabolic parameters and OGTT values before and after treatment. The chi(2) test was used for comparisons of ovulation, pregnancy, and abortion rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups 1 and 2 showed a significant decline in testosterone, insulin-like growth factor-1 (P<0.001 vs P<0.001), and luteinizing hormone (P<0.05 vs P<0.001), while the glucose to insulin ratio was significantly increased (P<0.001 vs P<0.05) compared with baseline. Group 2 patients had more regular cycles and higher rates of ovulation and pregnancy compared with group 1: 76.4% [42/55] vs 58.2% [32/55], P<0.04; 50.8% [131/258] vs 33.5% [94/281], P<0.001; and 38.2% [21/55] vs 20.0% [11/55], P<0.03, respectively. The difference in the early abortion rate between the groups was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although metformin results in a better attenuation of insulin resistance, laparoscopic ovarian drilling is associated with higher rates of ovulation and pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Women's Health University Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt. Hossam_omar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hossam O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Hamed
authors.forename: Asmaa F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Omyma G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Marwa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D006728:Hormones; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D002996:Clomiphene; D008687:Metformin