title: Resolution of chyloperitoneum in a preterm with octreotide, diet and cessation of dialysis.
abstract: The diagnosis of chyloperitoneum (CP) is based on the presence of high levels of triglycerides (TGs) in the dialysate. It is a rare complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) and even rarer in neonates. We report here the case of CP in a 1700-g male baby delivered at the 30th gestational week due to posterior urethral valve and associated oligohydramnios. On postnatal day 2, the serum creatinine (Scr) was 1.6 mg/dL, and he was anuric. PD was instituted via a Tenckhoff catheter. At the end of the second week, after the initiation of enteral feeding, the ultrafiltrate became cloudy, with a leukocyte count of 900/mm(3). A treatment regimen consisting of intraperitoneal vancomycin and ceftazidime was then started. Five days later, the fluid became milky, with a TG level of 251 mg/dL. The patient was then placed on a diet based on medium-chain triglycerides and octreotide (1 microg/kg/h; increasing up to 2 microg/kg/h over 15 days). Although the TG and leukocyte levels decreased, the milky appearance persisted. PD was stopped for 2 days when the Scr decreased to 1.7 mg/dL. When it was resumed, the fluid was totally clear, with a TG level of 7 mg/dL. The infant was discharged with a nightly intermittent peritoneal dialysis program and has had no recurrence. In summary, we report a preterm infant who developed CP during PD and recovered following treatment that included diet modification, octreotide, and temporary discontinuation of the PD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Inciralti, Balçova, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soylu
authors.forename: Demet
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alaygut
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yeşilirmak
authors.forename: Belde
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kasap
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Türkmen
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.forename: Salih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kavukçu
mesh_terms: D002915:Chylous Ascites / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003956:Dialysis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D015282:Octreotide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D014280:Triglycerides; D015282:Octreotide