title: Effect of high intensity aerobic exercise and mesterolone on remodeling of Achilles tendon of C57BL/6 transgenic mice.
abstract: The effect of mesterolone and intensive treadmill training (6 weeks, 5 days/week, means: 15.82 m/min and 45.8 min/day) in Achilles tendon remodeling was evaluated. Sedentary mice treated with mesterolone (Sed-M) or vehicle (Sed-C, placebo/control) and corresponding exercised (Ex-M and Ex-C) were examined. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used for determining collagen bands and hydroxyproline concentration. Collagen fibril diameter, the area and number of fibrils contained in an area probe, and the ultrastructure of fibroblasts (tenocytes) were determined. The presence of collagen was notable in the tendons of all groups. Collagen alpha(1/)alpha(2) bands in Sed-M, Ex-C, and Ex-M were higher than in Sed-C, as shown by hydroxyproline content, but collagen beta-chain appeared only in Ex-C. Noticeable bands of non-collagenous proteins were found in Sed-M and Ex-M. The number of fibrils in the area probe increased markedly in Sed-M and Ex-C (12-fold), but their diameter and area were unchanged compared with Sed-C. In Ex-M, the fibril number decreased by three-fold to 3.5-fold compared with Sed-M and Ex-C, whereas diameter and area increased. Sed-C tenocytes appeared quiescent, whereas those in the other groups seemed to be engaged in protein synthesis. The density of tenocytes was smaller in Sed-C than in Ex-C, Sed-M, and Ex-M. Thus, mechanical stimuli and mesterolone alter the morphology of tenocytes and the composition of the tendon, probably through fibrillogenesis and/or increased intermolecular cross-links. The ergogenic effect is evidenced by the activation of collagenous and non-collagenous protein synthesis and the increase in the diameter and area of collagen fibrils. This study might be relevant to clinical sports medicine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6111, 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: Fernanda M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Tatiana Carla
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Tomiosso
authors.forename: Edson Rosa
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.forename: Maria Alice da Cruz
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Höfling
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D024022:Fibrillar Collagens / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D008655:Mesterolone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D012038:Regeneration
chemical_list: D024022:Fibrillar Collagens; D008655:Mesterolone; D006909:Hydroxyproline