title: Effects of coffee on inflammatory cytokine gene expression in mice fed high-fat diets.
abstract: In order to investigate the risk-reducing effects of coffee in metabolic syndrome, we performed a study in mice fed a high-fat diet with added coffee and analyzed gene expression in liver and adipose tissues using cDNA microarray. Male C57BL/6J mice were raised for 8 weeks on either a normal diet (N group), a high-fat diet (HF group), or a high-fat diet with 1.1% decaffeinated (HF+DC group) or 1.1% caffeine-containing instant coffee (HF+CC group). The body weights of mice in the HF+DC and HF+CC groups were mostly intermediate between the N and HF groups, even if there were no difference in the amount of diet consumption in each group. Mesenteric fat weight was lower in the HF+DC group than in the HF group (p < 0.05) and tended to become lower in the HF+CC group than in the HF group. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were significantly lower in the HF+DC and HF+CC groups than in the HF group (p < 0.05). Inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1beta gene expression in liver was up-regulated in the HF group and significantly down-regulated in the HF+DC and HF+CC groups (p < 0.01), while MCP-1 gene expression in white adipose tissue was also significantly suppressed in the HF+DC group (p < 0.01). The induction of these anti-inflammatory responses by coffee consumption may contribute to reducing the risks of metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: All Japan Coffee Association, Tokyo, Japan. qzc04363@nifty.com
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kasuga
authors.forename: Kazuwa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000276:immunology; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001835:Body Weight; D003069:Coffee / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D016207:Cytokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase