title: Raspberry leaf--should it be recommended to pregnant women?
abstract: This review evaluates the safety and efficacy of raspberry leaf (Rubus idaeus) in pregnancy. The electronic databases PubMed, ISI Web of Science, AMED, EMBASE, Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database and Cochrane Library were searched. Altogether 12 original publications with focus on safety or efficacy during pregnancy, pharmacology and in vitro tests explaining mode of action or constituents in Rubus idaeus were reviewed. Limited documentation exists and part of it is 50 years old or older. Only the latest animal study indicates an increased risk for the unborn child; however, all the studies are small and cannot rule out negative effects on pregnancy outcome. The efficacy of raspberry leaf is not convincingly documented. The use of raspberry leaf in pregnancy is a traditional herbal therapy and is recommended by some midwives. Due to the lack of evidence for safety and efficacy such recommendations are questionable. Suggestions for future work are given.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Centre for Pharmacy, University of Bergen, Allégaten 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. lone.holst@farm.uib.no
authors.forename: Lone
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: Svein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haavik
authors.forename: Hedvig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nordeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D027824:Rosaceae
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts