title: Frequency of renal artery stenosis among cohort of Jordanians undergoing drive-by renal angiography at time of conventional cardiac catheterization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of renal artery stenosis (RAS) by performing routine renal angiography in a cohort of patients undergoing clinically indicated non-emergent coronary angiography. A secondary goal was to define potential variables which may predict RAS in this cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective observational cross-sectional study whereby routine drive-by renal angiography was performed in 870 consecutive patients undergoing non-emergent coronary angiography at Queen Alia Heart Institute, Amman, Jordan during a 4-month period extending from January 2006 to April 2006. Patients were evaluated regarding the presence and severity of RAS. Renal artery stenosis has been defined as diameter stenosis >50% on conventional angiography. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were then performed to evaluate potential predictors for RAS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal artery stenosis was found in 21 patients leading to a very low frequency of 2.4%. In univariate analysis, significant association with RAS was found with age, female gender, coronary artery disease severity, systolic blood pressure and creatinine clearance. In multivariate analysis, the only significant predictors were female gender (odds ratio 6.61, confidence interval 1.73-25.31, and p=0.006) and creatinine clearance in males (odds ratio 1.97, confidence interval 1.21-3.67, p=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low frequency of RAS was noticed in our study. Performing drive-by renal angiography may be not justified in Jordanians except in high risk subgroups for RAS.
authors.affiliation: Adult Cardiology Department, Queen Alia Heart Institute, Um-Al-Summaq, Jordan. abdallah.omeish@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Abdallah F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Omeish
authors.forename: Hatem H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Abbadi
authors.forename: Issa M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Ghanma
authors.forename: Foad A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Botoosh
authors.forename: Mohammed K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Shwabkeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D033162:Incidental Findings; D007597:Jordan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution