title: Ameliorative effect of the cinnamon oil from Cinnamomum zeylanicum upon early stage diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: The current study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of the cinnamon oil upon early stage diabetic nephropathy owing to its antioxidant and antidiabetic effect. Cinnamon oil was extracted by hydro-distillation of the dried inner bark of Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume. Further characterization of the extracted oil was carried out using IR, (1)H-NMR, and (13)C-NMR techniques. Early stage of diabetic nephropathy was induced by administration of alloxan (150 mg/kg, I. P.). Cinnamon oil was administered at varying doses (5, 10, 20 mg/kg; I. P.) while the level of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein, urea, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, reduced glutathione, and catalase were determined. These parameters in cinnamon oil treated groups were compared with those of standard (glipizide; 10 mg/kg) and vehicle treated groups in order to investigate if cinnamon oil confers a significant protection against diabetic nephropathy. Histological studies of the kidney proved the protective effect of cinnamon oil by reducing the glomerular expansion, eradicating hyaline casts, and decreasing the tubular dilatations. Our results indicate that the volatile oil from cinnamon contains more than 98 % cinnamaldehyde and that it confers dose-dependent, significant protection against alloxan-induced renal damage, the maximum decrease in fasting blood glucose having been achieved at the dose of 20 mg/kg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India. awanish1985@gmail.com
authors.forename: Awanish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Rajbir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.forename: Amarjit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Mohan Paul
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Singh Ishar
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C510046:cinnamon oil, bark; D000171:Acrolein; D014508:Urea; D002784:Cholesterol; D002374:Catalase; D005978:Glutathione; C012843:cinnamaldehyde