GSK3: a multifaceted kinase in Wnt signaling.
GSK3 is one of the few signaling mediators that play central roles in a diverse range of signaling pathways, including those activated by Wnts, hedgehog, growth factors, cytokines, and G protein-coupled ligands. Although the inhibition of GSK3-mediated beta-catenin phosphorylation is known to be the key event in Wnt-beta-catenin signaling, the mechanisms that underlie this event remain incompletely understood. The recent demonstration of GSK3 involvement in Wnt receptor phosphorylation illustrates the multifaceted roles that GSK3 plays in Wnt-beta-catenin signaling. In this review, we will summarize these recent results and offer explanations, hypotheses, and models to reconcile some of these observations.
Wu
Dianqing
D
Vascular Biology and Therapeutics Program and Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 065202, USA. dan.wu@yale.edu
Pan
Weijun
W
D000818:Animals; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3