title: Radiographic features of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs with mitral regurgitation: 61 cases (1998-2007).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate radiographic distribution of pulmonary edema (PE) in dogs with mitral regurgitation (MR) and investigate the association between location of radiographic findings and direction of the mitral regurgitant jet (MRJ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  61 dogs with cardiogenic PE and MR resulting from mitral valve disease (MVD; 51 dogs), dilated cardiomyopathy (9), and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thoracic radiographs of dogs with Doppler echocardiographic evidence of MR were reviewed for location (diffuse, perihilar, or focal) of PE. Also, direction (central or eccentric) of the MRJ, as evaluated by Doppler color flow mapping (DCFM), and distribution (symmetric or asymmetric) of radiographic findings were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diffuse, perihilar, and focal increases in pulmonary opacity were observed in 11 (18.0%), 7 (11.5%), and 43 (70.5%) of 61 dogs, respectively. Radiographic evidence of asymmetric PE in a single lung lobe or 2 ipsilateral lobes was found in 21 dogs, with involvement of only the right caudal lung lobe in 17 dogs. Doppler color flow mapping of the MRJ was available for 46 dogs. Of 31 dogs with a central MRJ, 28 had radiographic findings indicative of symmetric PE. Of 15 dogs with eccentric MRJ, 11 had radiographic evidence of asymmetric PE, and all of these dogs had MVD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In dogs with cardiogenic PE, a symmetric radiographic distribution of increased pulmonary opacity was predominantly associated with a central MRJ, whereas an asymmetric radiographic distribution was usually associated with eccentric MRJ, especially in dogs with MVD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano Emilia, Italy. alessia.diana@unibo.it
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diana
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guglielmini
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pivetta
authors.forename: Antonina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanacore
authors.forename: Morena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Tommaso
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cipone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies