title: Spermidine regulates insulin synthesis and cytoplasmic Ca(2+) in mouse beta-TC6 insulinoma cells.
abstract: In order to assess the functional role of the polyamines spermidine and spermine in pancreatic beta-cells, we examined the effect of spermidine and spermine synthase inhibitors, trans-4-methylcyclohexylamine (MCHA) and N-(3-aminopropyl)cyclohexylamine (APCHA), on cellular polyamine and insulin contents, insulin secretion, and cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in mouse insulin-secreting Beta-TC6 cells. The cellular spermidine and spermine contents were reduced 90% and 64% by cultivation of cells in the presence of MCHA and APCHA for 3 days, respectively. Addition of spermidine or spermine reversed the polyamine level reduced by MCHA or APCHA, respectively. Insulin secretion was decreased 40~60% in the cells treated with MCHA or APCHA. The reduction by MCHA was reversed to the untreated level by adding spermidine exogenously, while the effect of APCHA was not reversed by treatment with spermine. The cellular insulin content was also reduced by treatment with MCHA but not the expression of insulin 1 and 2 genes, suggesting that spermidine was involved in the translation of insulin mRNAs. The elevation of [Ca(2+)](i), a key event triggering insulin secretion induced by glucose, was reduced in Beta-TC6 cells by MCHA treatment. The spermidine synthase inhibitor also augmented the sustained [Ca(2+)](i) rise induced by carbamylcholine but not by a high concentration of KCl or nicotine. These results suggested that spermidine rather than spermine plays an important role in the regulation of insulin synthesis and the glucose-induced [Ca(2+)](i) rise in Beta-TC6 cells.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Musashino University, Nishi-Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sodeno
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asakura
authors.forename: Keijiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Samejima
authors.forename: Takami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003514:Cyclohexylamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013095:Spermidine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011436:Spermidine Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013096:Spermine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013097:Spermine Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D003514:Cyclohexylamines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007328:Insulin; D013096:Spermine; C059116:4-methylcyclohexylamine; D009538:Nicotine; D002217:Carbachol; D011436:Spermidine Synthase; D013097:Spermine Synthase; C081181:N-(3-aminopropyl)cyclohexylamine; D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium; D013095:Spermidine