title: Financial, vocational, and interpersonal impact of living liver donation.
abstract: The ability to inform prospective donors of the psychosocial risks of living liver donation is currently limited by the scant empirical literature. The present study was designed to examine donor perceptions of the impact of donation on financial, vocational, and interpersonal life domains and identify demographic and clinical factors related to longer recovery times and greater life interference. A total of 143 donors completed a retrospective questionnaire that included a standardized measure of life interference [Illness Intrusiveness Rating Scale (IIRS)] and additional questions regarding the perceived impact of donation. Donor IIRS scores suggested that donors experience a relatively low level of life interference due to donation [1.60 +/- 0.72, with a possible range of 1 ("not very much" interference) to 7 ("very much" interference)]. However, approximately 1 in 5 donors reported that donating was a significant financial burden. Logistic regression analysis revealed that donors with a psychiatric diagnosis at or prior to donation took longer to return to their self-reported predonation level of functioning (odds ratio = 3.78, P = 0.016). Medical complications were unrelated to self-reported recovery time. Multiple regression analysis revealed 4 independent predictors of greater life interference: less time since donation (b = 0.11, P < 0.001), income lower than CAD$100,000 (b = 0.28, P = 0.038), predonation concerns about the donation process (b = 0.24, P = 0.008), and the perception that the recipient is not caring for the new liver (b = 0.12, P = 0.031). In conclusion, life interference due to living liver donation appears to be relatively low. Donors should be made aware of risk factors for greater life disruptions post-surgery and of the potential financial burden of donation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Okanagan, Kelowna, BC, Canada. susan.holtzman.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holtzman
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Adcock
authors.forename: Derek A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dubay
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Therapondos
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashfi
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.forename: Eberhard L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Renner
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Abbey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D019520:Living Donors / Q000523:psychology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011584:Psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult