[Diabetes and hypertension].
Diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension are major cardiovascular risk factors with high co-morbidity. Microalbuminuria is an independent risk marker, and routine monitoring of urinary albumin is mandatory in patients with diabetes and hypertension. The therapeutic goal of antihypertensive treatment is < 130/80 mm Hg, however in the presence of nephropathy < 125/75 mm Hg should be achieved. Therapy is based on lifestyle-interventions including 1) weight reduction, 2) regular moderate physical activity, 3) modification of diet with restriction of salt- and alcohol consumption as well as 4) cessation of smoking. Renin- and ACE-inhibitors as well as AT1-receptor antagonists are drugs of first choice, delaying the progression of diabetic nephropathy most effectively.
Sayk
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Medizinische Klinik I, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck.
Iwen
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Lehnert
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D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000628:therapy; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D009017:Morbidity; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1