title: Conjoined twins after intracytoplasmic sperm injection and transfer of a single day 2 embryo: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a case of conjoined twins after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and transfer of a single day 2 embryo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 30-year-old woman underwent ICSI with a transfer of a single day 2 embryo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vaginal ultrasound examination was performed during early pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnosis of conjoined twins was made by vaginal ultrasonography at 9 weeks' gestation. The conjoined fetuses were diagnosed as thoracopagus twins with a single beating heart shared between the thoraxes. Extensive ultrasound examination suggested an extremely poor prognosis, Therapeutic termination was performed at 11 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given that single embryo transfers are able to shed light on the real incidence of conjoined twins developed on day 2/3 or on day 5/6, this is of interest mechanistically. Thus, it should be taken into account when trying to determine the true incidence of conjoined twins and ultimately trying to understand why these anomalies occur. The importance of early expert vaginal ultrasonography in pregnancies resulting from assisted reproductive technologies is emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Service de Médecine et Biologie de la Reproduction, CHRU Bretonneau, Tours, France.
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Poret
authors.forename: Milene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanchard
authors.forename: Malak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lemseffer
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Royere
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guerif
mesh_terms: D000032:Abortion, Therapeutic; D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014428:Twins, Conjoined / Q000473:pathology*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal