title: Microleakage under lingual retainer composite bonded with an antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine and compare the microleakage of a conventional acid-etched, light-cured lingual retainer adhesive system with a recently developed antibacterial monomer-containing adhesive with and without etching.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty human mandibular incisors were separated into three groups of 20 teeth each, which received the following treatments: group 1 (control) = Transbond LR (3M Unitek), conventional lingual retainer bonding; group 2 = Clearfil Protect Bond (Kuraray Medical) with acid-etching; and group 3 = Clearfil Protect Bond without acid-etching. The wire in each was 0.0215-inch multistranded PentaOne (Masel Orthodontics). Samples were sealed with nail varnish, stained with 0.5% basic fuchsin, and sectioned. Transverse sections were evaluated under a stereomicroscope and scored for microleakage in millimeters at the composite-enamel interface. Statistical analysis was performed by Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests with Bonferroni correction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group 2 had less microleakage (0.11 ± 0.19 mm) than group 1 (0.26 ± 0.30 mm) or group 3 (0.24 ± 0.27 mm). However, the difference in the microleakage of the composite-enamel interface among all investigated groups was not significant (P>.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study do not speak against using an antibacterial monomer-containing self-etching adhesive to bond lingual retainers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. tancanuysal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tancan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ulker
authors.forename: Asli
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baysal
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usumez
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives; D008422:Materials Testing; D018704:Orthodontic Retainers; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C503075:Clearfil Protect Bond; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C481385:Transbond LR; C516047:Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive Primer; C025485:basic fuchsin; C030242:phosphoric acid