title: [Cytotoxic effect of physalis peruviana in cell culture of colorectal and prostate cancer and chronic myeloid leukemia].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The plants have been used as drugs for centuries. However, limited research has been done on its great potential as sources of new therapeutic agents. The purpose of this study was to evaluate Physalis peruviana cytotoxic activity on cell lines HT-29, PC-3, K-562 and VERO.
  
  
  METHODS
  The HT-29 cell lines, PC-3, K-562 and VERO, were exposed to four concentrations of P. peruviana ethanolic leave and stem extracts, also at different concentrations of cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), which were used as positive controls. We found rates of growth within 48 hours, then we determined the inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50) using linear regression analysis and the index of selectivity of each sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The P. peruviana ethanolic leave and stem extracts showed cytotoxic activity. The IC50 in g/mL in leaves and stems were, 0.35 (r =-0.95 p <0.025) and 0.37 (r =- 0.90 p <0.05 ) for HT-29; 0.87 (r =-0.98 p <0.01) and 1.01 (r =-0.95 p <0.025) for PC-3; 0.02 (r =-0.98 p <0.01) and 0.03 (r =-0.98 p <0.01) for K-562; 4.9 (r =-0.95 p <0.025) and 6.2 (r =-0.98 p <0.01) for VERO. The IC50 for antineoplastic were: for cisplatin: 4.2 (r =-0.96 p <0.025), 10.3 (r =-0.97 p <0.025), 0.15 (r =-0.98 p = 0.01) and 1.1 (r =- 0.98 p = 0.01); for 5-FU: 2.3 (r =-0.97 p <0.025), 17.9 (r =-0.95 p <0.025), 0.15 (r =-0.98 p = 0.01) and 1.1 (r =-0.94 p = 0.05) for HT-29, PC-3, K562 and VERO respectively. The leaves and stems extracts selectivity index were between 5.6 and 245 for tumor cell lines evaluated, by contrast, cisplatin and 5-FU, only showed values between 0.11 and 7.3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The P. peruviana leaves and steams ethanolic extracts were more cytotoxic than cisplatin and 5 FU, on the lines HT-29, PC-3 and K562. Furthermore the P. peruviana cytotoxic effects were less than cisplatin and 5-FU for VERO control cells lines.
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Científica de San Fernando, Universidad Nacional Major de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. angelquispe2@gmail.com
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quispe-Mauricio
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Callacondo
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rojas
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zavala
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Posso
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaisberg
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D032321:Physalis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018547:Plant Stems; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts