title: SOX11 expression is highly specific for mantle cell lymphoma and identifies the cyclin D1-negative subtype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma is difficult to distinguish from other small B-cell lymphomas. The clinical and pathological characteristics of patients with this form of lymphoma have not been well defined. Overexpression of the transcription factor SOX11 has been observed in conventional mantle cell lymphoma. The aim of this study was to determine whether this gene is expressed in cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma and whether its detection may be useful to identify these tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The microarray database of 238 mature B-cell neoplasms was re-examined. SOX11 protein expression was investigated immunohistochemically in 12 cases of cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma, 54 cases of conventional mantle cell lymphoma, and 209 additional lymphoid neoplasms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SOX11 mRNA was highly expressed in conventional and cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma and in 33% of the cases of Burkitt's lymphoma but not in any other mature lymphoid neoplasm. SOX11 nuclear protein was detected in 50 cases (93%) of conventional mantle cell lymphoma and also in the 12 cyclin D1-negative cases of mantle cell lymphoma, the six cases of lymphoblastic lymphomas, in two of eight cases of Burkitt's lymphoma, and in two of three T-prolymphocytic leukemias but was negative in the remaining lymphoid neoplasms. Cyclin D2 and D3 mRNA levels were significantly higher in cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma than in conventional mantle cell lymphoma but the protein expression was not discriminative. The clinico-pathological features and outcomes of the patients with cyclin D1-negative mantle cell lymphoma identified by SOX11 expression were similar to those of patients with conventional mantle cell lymphoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SOX11 mRNA and nuclear protein expression is a highly specific marker for both cyclin D1-positive and negative mantle cell lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Hematopathology Section, Department of Pathology and Hematology, Hospital Clinic, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mozos
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Royo
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Daphne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Jong
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baró
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valera
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Dennis D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Weisenburger
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delabie
authors.forename: Shih-Sung
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Elaine S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Jaffe
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Marcellan
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dave
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rimsza
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Braziel
authors.forename: Randy D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gascoyne
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Solé
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Guillermo
authors.forename: Dolors
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colomer
authors.forename: Louis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Staudt
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosenwald
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ott
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jares
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Campo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000172:deficiency*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D055751:SOXC Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C097473:SOX11 protein, human; D055751:SOXC Transcription Factors; D019938:Cyclin D1