title: Arsenic metabolism by microbes in nature and the impact on arsenic remediation.
abstract: In nature, both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have evolved a wide spectrum of pathways such as oxidation/reduction, compartmentalization, exclusion, and immobilization [16] as the main natural defense mechanisms to arsenic. This review highlights our current understanding of the biochemistry and molecular biology involved in these natural arsenic metabolisms, and some successful examples of engineered microbes by harnessing these natural mechanisms for effective remediation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States.
authors.forename: Shen-Long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Shailendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Wilfred
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D005658:Fungi / Q000378:metabolism; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D008745:Methylation; D008954:Models, Biological; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D001151:Arsenic; D010100:Oxygen