title: Antileishmanial activity of furoquinolines and coumarins from Helietta apiculata.
abstract: The bark infusion of H. apiculata are used to treat wound healing related to cutaneous leishmaniasis and as anti-inflammatory.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To isolate, purify active constituents of H. apiculata stem bark, and evaluate their in vitro and in vivo antileishmanial activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolation by chromatographic methods and chemical identification of furoquinoline alkaloids and coumarins, then evaluation of the in vitro leishmanicidal activity of these compounds against three strains of Leishmania sp. promastigotes and in vivo against Leishmania amazonensis in Balb/c mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Furoquinoline alkaloids and coumarins presented a moderate in vitro activity against promastigote forms of Leishmania sp. with IC(50) values in the range between 17 and >50 microg/ml. Balb/c mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis were treated with gamma-fagarine by oral route, or with 3-(1'-dimethylallyl)-decursinol or (-)-heliettin by subscutaneous route for 14 days at 10mg/kg daily. In these conditions, gamma-fagarine, 3-(1'-dimethylallyl)-decursinol and (-)-heliettin showed the same efficacy as the reference drug reducing by 97.4, 95.6 and 98.6% the parasite loads in the lesion, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These compounds showed significant efficacy in L. amazonensis infected mice, providing important knowledge to improve its potential role for a future use in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, Department of Tropical Medicine, Asunción, Paraguay.
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Antonieta Rojas
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: de Arias
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yaluff
authors.forename: Ninfa Vera
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: de Bilbao
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schinini
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guy
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heinzen
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fournet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003374:Coumarins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007891:Leishmania / Q000187:drug effects*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018547:Plant Stems; D011804:Quinolines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D027821:Rutaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D003374:Coumarins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011804:Quinolines