title: Health-related behavior change after cancer: results of the American cancer society's studies of cancer survivors (SCS).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer survivors are known to make positive health-related behavior changes after cancer, but less is known about negative behavior changes and correlates of behavior change. The present study was undertaken to examine positive and negative behavior changes after cancer and to identify medical, demographic, and psychosocial correlates of changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data from a cross-sectional survey of 7,903 cancer survivors at 3, 6, and 11 years after diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 15 behaviors assessed, survivors reported 4 positive and 1 or 0 negative behavior changes. Positive change correlated with younger age, greater education, breast cancer, longer time since diagnosis, comorbidities, vitality, fear of recurrence, and spiritual well-being, while negative change correlated with younger age, being non-Hispanic African American, being widowed, divorced or separated, and lower physical and emotional health. Faith mediated the relationship between race/ethnicity and positive change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancer survivors were more likely to make positive than negative behavior changes after cancer. Demographic, medical, and psychosocial variables were associated with both types of changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results provide direction for behavior interventions and illustrate the importance of looking beyond medical and demographic variables to understand the motivators and barriers to positive behavior change after cancer.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, 4770 Buford Hwy, NE, MS K-55, Atlanta, GA, 30341, USA. cyt4@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Nikki A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Tenbroeck
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Luhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Zahava
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Berkowitz
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000570:American Cancer Society; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D015996:Survival Rate; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult