title: Major Depressive Disorder in recovery and neuropsychological functioning: effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and dual inhibitor depression treatments on residual cognitive deficits in patients with Major Depressive Disorder in recovery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive disturbances in Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) could persist beyond the symptomatic phase of the illness. However, the works addressing this topic did not usually account for the possible impact of medication on the cognitive functions of depressed patients. The present study aims to investigate whether MDD patients in remission treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) or dual serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors (SNRI) show cognitive deficits, to study whether the same patients suffer neuropsychological disturbances when they are unmedicated and in recovery phase, and if the previous pharmacological treatment used to achieve the remission of MDD clinical symptoms had any effect in the profile of these patients' cognitive performance in the recovery phase.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six subjects with MDD treated with escitalopram and 37 depressed patients with duloxetine were compared both in remission phase and 24 weeks later, when they were unmedicated and in recovery phase. They were also compared, in both moments, to 37 healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The control subjects showed a broader better cognitive performance than MDD patients in both measurement moments, but several cognitive functions improved over time. Also, the patients treated with SNRI performed better in memory tests than the SNRI-treated patients in remission phase, and in recovery phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our sample size is somewhat small, and we followed our patients only for 6months after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive functions improve over time in patients with MDD beyond the remission phase, and the antidepressant treatment class used in acute depressive phase could influence his/her memory improvement.
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Enfermedades Crónicas y Procedimientos Especiales CECYPE, Morelia, Mich., Mexico.
authors.forename: Ixchel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Herrera-Guzmán
authors.forename: Esteve
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gudayol-Ferré
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Herrera-Abarca
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herrera-Guzmán
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montelongo-Pedraza
authors.forename: Ferran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Padrós Blázquez
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peró-Cebollero
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guàrdia-Olmos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012016:Reference Values; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014888:Wechsler Scales
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D015283:Citalopram; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes