title: Turbulent flow chromatography TFC-tandem mass spectrometry supporting in vitro/vivo studies of NCEs in high throughput fashion.
abstract: Turbulent Flow Chromatography (TFC) is a powerful approach for on-line extraction in bioanalytical studies. It improves sensitivity and reduces sample preparation time, two factors that are of primary importance in drug discovery. In this paper the application of the ARIA system to the analytical support of in vivo pharmacokinetics (PK) and in vitro drug metabolism studies is described, with an emphasis in high throughput optimization. For PK studies, a comparison between acetonitrile plasma protein precipitation (APPP) and TFC was carried out. Our optimized TFC methodology gave better S/N ratios and lower limit of quantification (LOQ) than conventional procedures. A robust and high throughput analytical method to support hepatocyte metabolic stability screening of new chemical entities was developed by hyphenation of TFC with mass spectrometry. An in-loop dilution injection procedure was implemented to overcome one of the main issues when using TFC, that is the early elution of hydrophilic compounds that renders low recoveries. A comparison between off-line solid phase extraction (SPE) and TFC was also carried out, and recovery, sensitivity (LOQ), matrix effect and robustness were evaluated. The use of two parallel columns in the configuration of the system provided a further increase of the throughput.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Istituto di Ricerche di Biologia Molecolare P.Angeletti (IRBM), Merck Sharp and Dohme Research Laboratories, Via Pontina km 30.600, 00040 Pomezia, Roma, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verdirame
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Veneziano
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alfieri
authors.forename: Annalise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Marco
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monteagudo
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002845:Chromatography / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D009862:Online Systems / Q000295:instrumentation; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000295:instrumentation; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations