title: Angle-closure glaucoma-simpler answers to complex mechanisms: LXVI Edward Jackson Memorial Lecture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present evidence-based concepts that will explain mechanisms of angle-closure glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of published evidence and personal perspective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review and clinical research using imaging devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When the pupil dilates, the iris typically decreases its volume by losing extracellular fluid. Eyes with angle-closure lose less iris volume with pupil dilation, contributing to obstruction of the trabecular meshwork. Expansion of choroidal volume is a dynamic phenomenon and is a major risk factor in angle-closure. The mechanism of malignant glaucoma seems likely to result from poor conductivity of fluid through the vitreous, and past suggestions that it results from "misdirected" aqueous are not consistent with physiological principles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Angle-closure and angle-closure glaucoma result from disturbed physiological mechanisms more than from simple anatomic measures, and future predictive testing can exploit knowledge of these factors.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Service and Dana Center for Preventive Ophthalmology, Wilmer Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. hquigley@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Harry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Quigley
mesh_terms: D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D007498:Iris / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D011680:Pupil / Q000502:physiology*