Amyloid in bone marrow smears of patients affected by multiple myeloma.
Systemic AL amyloidosis is associated with nearly 15% of cases of multiple myeloma, but data on the frequency and significance of amyloid deposits in the bone marrow of patients affected by multiple myeloma without clinical signs of systemic amyloidosis are scanty. Bone marrow smears of 166 unselected patients affected by multiple myeloma (126 at diagnosis and 40 after treatment) were stained with Congo red and studied by transmission and birefringence microscopy. Both focal and diffuse storages were considered positive. Overall, 67 patients were positive and 99 were negative to Congo red and apple-green birefringence. In particular, 51 of the 126 patients studied at diagnosis and 16 of the 40 patients with advanced disease were positive. Seventeen patients were reassessed after a mean follow-up of 32 months (range: 6-91): disappearance of amyloid deposits was verified in three cases, all responsive to bortezomib-based regimens. The preliminary data available suggest that amyloid deposition in the marrow of myeloma patients is frequent, as it can be traced in nearly 40% of cases. We failed to find correlations between bone marrow amyloid deposits and immunoglobulin type, disease stage, plasma cells percentage, hemoglobin, calcium, creatinine, albumin, or beta(2)microglobulin. Significantly higher incidence of moderate/severe peripheral neuropathy was found in patients with marrow amyloid exposed to potentially neurotoxic antineoplastic agents. Further studies and prolonged follow-up are needed to validate our findings and to define possible prognostic aspects.
Petruzziello
Fara
F
Hematology, Department of Biochemistry and Medical Biotechnology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Zeppa
Pio
P
Catalano
Lucio
L
Cozzolino
Immacolata
I
Gargiulo
Giuseppe
G
Musto
Pellegrino
P
D'Auria
Fiorella
F
Liso
Vincenzo
V
Rizzi
Rita
R
Caruso
Nadia
N
Califano
Catello
C
Piro
Eugenio
E
Musso
Maurizio
M
Bonanno
Vincenza
V
Pia Falcone
Antonietta
A
Tafuto
Salvatore
S
Di Raimondo
Francesco
F
De Laurentiis
Michelino
M
Pane
Fabrizio
F
Palombini
Lucio
L
Rotoli
Bruno
B
D000682:Amyloid / Q000032:analysis*; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology*; D003224:Congo Red; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors
D000682:Amyloid; D003224:Congo Red