title: Risk factors for unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion in a population from southern China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine risk factors for recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in women from southern China.
  
  
  METHODS
  We looked for associations between RSA and body mass index (BMI), family history of spontaneous abortion, smoking, exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS [also known as passive smoking]), and alcohol and coffee consumption using an unconditional logistic regression model involving 326 patients with RSA and 400 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Whereas smoking, alcohol consumption, and coffee consumption were not associated with increased risk of RSA, both short (<1 hour/day) and long (> or =1 hour/day) periods of ETS were associated (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.50-3.52 and adjusted OR, 4.75; 95% CI, 3.23-6.99, respectively). The increased risk of RSA was significant for participants with a BMI of 24.0 or greater (adjusted OR, 1.54; 95% CI, 1.12-2.14) and those with a family history of miscarriage (adjusted OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.28-3.49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found ETS, a higher BMI, and a family history of RSA to be independent risk factors for RSA in our population.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of Women and Children's Care Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou City, China.
authors.forename: Bi-Yun
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Jian-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhu-Lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Zi-Neng
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D002110:Caffeine