title: Outcomes of Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation in children with primary congenital glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term efficacy of intraocular pressure reduction and complications of Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) implantation in children with primary congenital glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of patients with primary congenital glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were reviewed. The primary outcome measure was cumulative probability of success, defined as intraocular pressure greater than 5 mm Hg and less than 23 mm Hg and at least a 15% reduction from the preoperative intraocular pressure, without serious complications, additional glaucoma surgery, or loss of light perception.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty eyes of 19 children with primary congenital glaucoma who underwent AGV implantation with a minimum follow-up of 6 months were reviewed. The children had a mean (SD) age of 1.8 (2.6) years, a mean (SD) preoperative intraocular pressure of 28.4 (6.7) mm Hg, and a mean (SD) follow-up time of 57.6 (48.0) months. The cumulative probability of success was 63% in 1 year and 33% in 5 years. After a second AGV implantation, the cumulative probability of success was 86% in 1 and 2 years and 69% in 5 years. Hispanic ethnicity (P = .02) and being female (P = .005) were associated with increased risk of failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thirty-three percent of AGV implantations in children with primary congenital glaucoma were successful after 5 years of follow-up. With the implantation of a second AGV, the 5-year success rate increased to 69%.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Division, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ou
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Simon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caprioli
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001213:Asian / Q000208:ethnology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020327:Glaucoma Drainage Implants; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D006871:Hydrophthalmos / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents