title: [Usefulness of PET scans in diagnosing recurrent prostate cancer. Prostate with PSA level < 5 ng/ml].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We intend to evaluate the usefulness of PET scans in diagnosing recurrent prostate cancer after a curative attempt using radical treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  92 consecutive prostate cancer patients in biochemical progression following radical surgery (63) or radiation treatment (29) were studied with positron emission tomography (PET). In all cases two scans were performed in the same day (11C-choline and 18F-FDG). PET efficacy was evaluated both globally (by employing the results achieved with both 11C-choline and 18F-FDG) and using both radiotracers independently to detect recurrence in patients with biochemical progression. For this purpose, we used comparison of means for k-independent samples, 2 x 2 and 2 x X contingency tables and ROC curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1. Global PET: there is evidence of PET alteration regarding the PSA level (P=.003): the clinical stage (P=.01). There are no statistically significant PET alterations regarding the affected biopsy (uni or bilateral), surgical margins, pathological stage and time to progression. ROC curve PET-PSA is statistically significant (P< .0001) permitting calculation of different cut-off points, with a specificity of 91% (highest) for a PSA of 4.3 ng/ml. 2. PET 18FDG: the area under the ROC curve is statistically significant (P< .0001) with a specificity of 91% for a PSA of 6.51 ng/ml. 3. PET 11choline: the area under the ROC curve is statistically significant (P< .0001) with a specificity of 91% for a PSA of 5.15 ng/ml.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PET is a useful tool for diagnosing prostate cancer recurrence after a curative attempt using radical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Urología, Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España. jriojazu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rioja Zuazu
authors.forename: Macarena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Aníbal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rincón Mayans
authors.forename: Abel Saiz
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sansi
authors.forename: Juan Javier
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zudaire Bergera
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martínez-Monge
authors.forename: José Angel
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Berián Polo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C447081:methyl carbon-11 choline; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D002794:Choline