title: Parents' views on the quality of life of their children 2-3 years after cochlear implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cochlear implants for children are known to have impact on the lives of recipients and their families in a variety of ways. To obtain a clearer picture of these benefits, we explored the quality of life of 36 Finnish children and their families 2-3 years after unilateral cochlear implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The studied children were, on average 5 years old, and had received their implant at the median age of 2 years:5 months (range 1:6 to 12:3). Most (67%) of the children used speech, eight (22%) used speech and signs, and four (11%) used sign language as their main communication mode. A third of the children had concomitant problems in addition to their profound hearing impairment. A validated closed-set questionnaire "Children with cochlear implants: parental perspectives" (available, e.g., at http://www.earfoundation.org.uk/research/questionnaires.html) was used to find out parents' views and experiences on implantation and explore life after it.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parents were most satisfied with improved/expanded social relations, improved communication (the development of spoken language), general functioning with the help of hearing and improved self-reliance of the child. Benefit of cochlear implantation was also detected with the Categories of Auditory Performance (CAP), which was concordant with views of the parents on the progress of their child in the areas of communication and education. When deciding on implantation, the parents particularly expected auditory information to enhance their child's safety in traffic, joining socially the hearing world, and better employment prospects as adults. Concerning the process of implantation, parents especially valued the know-how and fluent services of the implant centre, positive attitude within the family and information received from other families during the time they were considering the implant decision. Parents also found it important that they have the possibility to influence the communication mode that is used in their child's educational setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents report that cochlear implants affect their children in a wide variety of ways that cannot be summarized by a single scale. A broader descriptive framework is required to capture their experiences adequately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. kerttu.huttunen@oulu.fi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huttunen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rimmanen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vikman
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Virokannas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sorri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Archbold
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lutman
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors