title: Standard-fluence versus low-fluence photodynamic therapy in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy: a nonrandomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of low-fluence compared with standard-fluence rate photodynamic therapy (PDT) for treating chronic central serous chorioretinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, multicenter, investigator-masked, nonrandomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two eyes (42 patients) with chronic central serous chorioretinopathy were enrolled; 19 eyes received indocyanine green angiography-guided standard-fluence PDT (50 J/cm(2)) and 23 eyes received indocyanine green angiography-guided low-fluence PDT (25 J/cm(2)). Primary outcome measures were the changes in mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity and the rate of eyes with complete subretinal fluid reabsorption. Secondary outcomes were the changes in central foveal thickness and choroidal perfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity improved significantly at all time points (P < .01), in the standard-fluence group from 0.43 to 0.24 at 12 months and in the low-fluence-group from 0.46 to 0.16, without significant difference between the 2 groups. At 12 months, a complete subretinal fluid reabsorption was seen in 15 standard-fluence-treated and 21 low-fluence-treated eyes (79% vs 91%; P = .5). In 1 standard-fluence eye, choroidal neovascularization developed at 3 months, and this eye received further PDT; in the other eyes, at 12 months, a moderate-significant choriocapillaris nonperfusion was seen in 8 standard-fluence-treated and 0 low-fluence-treated eyes (44% vs 0%; P = .002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In most of the eyes, both standard-fluence PDT and low-fluence PDT resulted in complete subretinal fluid reabsorption with visual acuity improvement. Choroidal hypoperfusion related to PDT could be reduced by low-fluence PDT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reibaldi
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cardascia
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Furino
authors.forename: Teresio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Avitabile
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faro
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanfilippo
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Maurizio Giacinto
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Uva
authors.forename: Ferdinando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Munno
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cannemi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zagari
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boscia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000077362:Verteporfin; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D000077362:Verteporfin; D007208:Indocyanine Green