Enhanced phenol degradation by Pseudomonas sp. SA01: gaining insight into the novel single and hybrid immobilizations.
In this work, Pseudomonas sp. SA01 cells were immobilized in a series of singular and hybrid immobilization techniques to achieve enhanced phenol removal. The singular immobilization strategies consisted of various concentrations of alginate (2-4%) and pectin (3-5%), while the hybrid strategies incorporated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-alginate and glycerol-alginate beads and alginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA) capsules. Immobilization protected cells against phenol and resulted in remarkable reduction (65%) in degradation time by cells immobilized in either alginate (3%) beads, in a hybrid PVA-alginate beads, or in ACA capsules compared to freely suspended cells. Cells immobilized in PVA-alginate and ACA provided the best performance in experiments using elevated phenol concentrations, up to 2000 mg/L, with complete degradation of 2000 mg/L phenol after 100 and 110 h, respectively. Electron microscopy examination indicated that cell loading capacity was increased in PVA-alginate hybrid beads through reduced cell leakage, resulting in higher activity of PVA-alginate hybrid beads compared to all other immobilization methods.
Mollaei
Monir
M
National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), P.O. Box 14155-6343, Tehran, Iran.
Abdollahpour
Saeeide
S
Atashgahi
Siavash
S
Abbasi
Habib
H
Masoomi
Fatemeh
F
Rad
Iman
I
Lotfi
Abbas Sahebghadam
AS
Zahiri
Hossein Shahbani
HS
Vali
Hojatollah
H
Noghabi
Kambiz Akbari
KA
D000327:Adsorption; D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry; D019800:Phenol / Q000737:chemistry*; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000378:metabolism*
D000464:Alginates; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D019800:Phenol; D010368:Pectins; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D048271:Chitosan; D005990:Glycerol