title: ABCG1 mediated oxidized LDL-derived oxysterol efflux from macrophages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The uptake of oxidized LDL (oxLDL) by macrophages is a key initial event in atherogenesis, and the removal of oxidized lipids from artery wall via reverse cholesterol transport is considered antiatherogenic. The aims of this study were to investigate the pathways mediating the removal of oxysterols from oxLDL-loaded macrophages, and the subsequent uptake of the oxysterols by hepatocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  LDL was labeled with [3H]cholesterol, and LDL-[3H]cholesterol was oxidized by copper using a standard method. [3H]oxysterol formation in oxLDL was analyzed by thin layer chromatography. oxLDL-[3H]sterol was incubated with macrophages, allowing the uptake of [3H]sterol by macrophages. [3H]sterol efflux from macrophages mediated by ATP binding cassette transporters (ABCA1, ABCG1), or scavenger receptor class B type I (SR-BI) was measured. The subsequent uptake of the [3H]sterol by hepatocytes was also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  7-Ketocholesterol was the major oxysterol formed in oxLDL, and it was significantly higher in oxLDL compared with that in native LDL (naLDL). oxLDL-derived sterol efflux to HDL from macrophages was significantly increased compared with naLDL-derived sterol, and it was mainly mediated by ABCG1, but not by ABCA1 or SR-BI. Moreover, although HDL dose-dependently induced sterol efflux from macrophages, only the exported sterol by ABCG1 pathway was efficiently taken up by hepatocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ABCG1 mediates oxysterol efflux from oxLDL-loaded macrophages, and the exported oxysterol by ABCG1 pathway can be selectively taken up by hepatocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China.
authors.forename: Mingzhi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Huali
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Kathryn C B
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Renyong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Sammy W M
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Shiu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C419353:ABCG1 protein, human; D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047495:PPAR gamma; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein