title: Pancreatic duct: A suitable route to oxygenate tissue during pancreas hypothermic preservation?
abstract: The effectiveness of Two-Layer Method has been questioned recently. In this study we hypothesized that pancreatic duct might be an appropriate route to oxygenate the organ and prevent cold ischemic injury. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were employed for the pancreas procurement. Pancreata were removed after 20ml ductal injection of cold Hank's Balanced Salt Solution (HBSS), or pre-oxygenated solutions of HBSS (O-HBSS), perfluorocarbon (O-PFC), and emulsified PFC (O-ePFC) and then preserved in HBSS for 24h. Spectrophotometric analysis was performed to measure ATP, adenosine diphosphate (ADP), and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). To standardize metabolite data, values were reported in terms of 'per gram protein of pancreatic tissue'. Protein was measured according to Lowry et al. ADP/ATP ratio, total adenylates and energy charge (EC) were calculated. There was a significant decrease in tissue ATP after hypothermic preservation. Pancreatic tissues lost 47.8% of their ATP values just in the first hour of preservation and 98.5% of their ATP values within 12h of preservation and ductal oxygenation could not prevent the ischemia. Unlike the other groups, ductal injection of oxygenated PFC could slow the total adenylates reduction rate that no significant difference was detected (9.6+/-2.9 vs. 14.8+/-2.1mol/g protein, NS) after 12h of preservation. Ductal injection of oxygenated PFC significantly reduced ADP/ATP ratio (8.57+/-0.6 vs. 14.2+/-2.4, p<0.03) and improved intracellular energy charge (0.36+/-0.05 vs. 0.22+/-0.03, p<0.001) as compared to HBSS group. The findings indicate that the pancreatic duct might be a suitable route for pancreatic oxygenation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Research, Department of Surgery, University of California, Irvine, United States. rezam@uci.edu
authors.forename: M Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mirbolooki
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hoyt
authors.forename: Jonathan R T
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lakey
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D050377:Cold Ischemia / Q000379:methods; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010100:Oxygen