Long fluorescence lifetime molecular probes based on near infrared pyrrolopyrrole cyanine fluorophores for in vivo imaging.
Fluorescence lifetime (FLT) properties of organic molecules provide a new reporting strategy for molecular imaging in the near infrared (NIR) spectral region. Unfortunately, most of the NIR fluorescent dyes have short FLT typically clustered below 1.5 ns. In this study, we demonstrate that a new class of NIR fluorescent dyes, pyrrolopyrrole cyanine dyes, have exceptionally long FLTs ranging from 3 to 4 ns, both in vitro (dimethyl sulfoxide and albumin/water solutions) and in vivo (mice). These results provide a new window for imaging molecular processes, rejecting backscattered light and autofluorescence, and multiplexing imaging information with conventional NIR fluorescent dyes that absorb and emit light at similar wavelengths.
Berezin
Mikhail Y
MY
Department of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Akers
Walter J
WJ
Guo
Kevin
K
Fischer
Georg M
GM
Daltrozzo
Ewald
E
Zumbusch
Andreas
A
Achilefu
Samuel
S
D000418:Albumins / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000418:Albumins; D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011758:Pyrroles; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide