title: Evaluation of nigrostriatal damage and its change over weeks in a rat model of Parkinson's disease: small animal positron emission tomography studies with [(11)C]beta-CFT.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cardinal pathological feature of Parkinson's disease (PD) is progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons. Since dopamine transporter (DAT) is a protein located presynaptically on dopaminergic nerve terminals, radioligands that bind to these sites are promising radiopharmaceuticals for evaluation of the integrity of the dopamine system. This study using positron emission tomography (PET) tracers, [(11)C]-2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-fluorophenyl)-tropane ([(11)C]beta-CFT, radioligand for DAT), was aimed at evaluating the degree of nigrostriatal damage and its change over weeks in a rat model of PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The brains of these rats were unilaterally lesioned by mechanical transection of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway at the medial forebrain bundle (MFB). Behavioral studies were carried out by apomorphine (APO) challenge prior to and 1, 2 and 4 weeks after MFB axotomy. Small animal PET scans were performed 2 days after the behavioral test. Immunohistochemistry was conducted 4 days after the last PET scan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the contralateral intact side, a progressively decreased [(11)C]beta-CFT binding was observed on the lesioned side which correlated inversely with the APO-induced rotations. Postmortem immunohistochemical studies confirmed the loss of both striatal dopamine fibers and nigral neurons on the lesioned side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings not only demonstrate that the neuronal degeneration in this model is relatively slow, but also suggest [(11)C]beta-CFT is a sensitive marker to monitor the degree of nigrostriatal damage and its change over weeks. This marker can be used prospectively to study the progression of the disease, thereby making detection of early phases of PD possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disorders of the Ministry of Education, Capital Medical University, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Zuoli
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jinming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiahe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Xiaomin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C021279:(1R-(exo,exo))-3-(4-fluorophenyl)-8-methyl-8- azabicyclo(3.2.1)octane-2-carboxylic acid, methyl ester; D003042:Cocaine