title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1, -7, -9, -13, Ki-67, and HER-2 in epithelial-myoepithelial salivary gland cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in epithelial-myoepithelial salivary gland carcinoma has not been studied previously.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry for MMP-1, -7, -9, -13, Ki-67, and HER-2, as well as HER-2 gene amplification by silver enhanced in situ hybridization was performed in a series of 12 paraffin-embedded histopathologic samples of patients from Canada and Finland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A positive MMP-13 (p = .0022), higher MMP-13 (p = .0274), and higher MMP-9 (p = .0274) index (multiplication of staining intensity by percentage of the positive cells) predicted better overall survival. In disease-specific analysis, higher MMP-9 index (p = .0327) predicted better survival. A higher volume corrected index (VCI) of Ki-67 (p = .0339) predicted worse disease-specific survival. In 1 patient, HER-2 oncogene amplification was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMPs and Ki-67 may have prognostic impact in epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Turku University Hospital, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luukkaa
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klemi
authors.forename: Ilmo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leivo
authors.forename: Antti A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mäkitie
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Irish
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Bayardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perez-Ordonez
authors.forename: Pirkko
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hirsimäki
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vahlberg
authors.forename: Atte
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kivisaari
authors.forename: Veli-Matti
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Kähäri
authors.forename: Reidar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grénman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D053505:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Secreted; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human