title: Role of ischemic preconditioning and inflammatory response in the development of malignant ventricular arrhythmias after reperfused ST-elevation myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sustained ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) are major complications of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), even in the era of reperfusion therapy. We sought to clarify the determinants of VT/VF after reperfused STEMI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consecutive STEMI patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (n=457) were divided into 2 groups by the presence or absence of VT/VF during hospitalization. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) level and peripheral white blood cell (WBC) count were serially measured. VT/VF was observed in 54 patients (12%). Prior infarction was more common and preinfarction angina was less in patients with VT/VF than those without. Peak CRP level (P < .0001), WBC count on admission (P=.008), and maximum WBC count (P=.0014) were higher in patients with VT/VF than those without. VT/VF, especially VT/VF later than 48 hours after onset, was associated with greater left ventricular (LV) dimension during convalescence. Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test revealed VT/VF to be a significant determinant of long-term major adverse cardiac events. Multivariate analysis revealed that prior infarction, absence of preinfarction angina, and peak CRP >or=10mg/dL were independent determinants of VT/VF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of ischemic preconditioning, enhanced inflammatory response, and subsequent LV dysfunction are related to the development of VT/VF after STEMI.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Anzai
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control