title: Nitrate leaching in two irrigated soils with different rates of cattle manure.
abstract: Manure applied to irrigated land may potentially contaminate groundwater with NO3-N. An 8-yr field experiment was conducted in southern Alberta, Canada, to determine the effects of different rates of manure on NO3-N accumulation in two irrigated soil types and NO3-N leaching to shallow groundwater. An annual cereal silage was grown at each site and irrigation was based on soil moisture depletion. Treatments included a control, nitrogen fertilizer (NF) at 180 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1), and four rates of cattle (Bos taurus) manure (20, 40, 60, and 120 Mg ha(-1) yr(-1), wet-weight basis). Annual manure applications for 8 yr resulted in NO3-N accumulation in the soil profile at both sites. For every megagram of total N added from manure, NO3-N in the 0- to 1.5-m layer increased by about 50 kg ha(-1) at the coarse-textured (CT) site and by about 100 kg ha(-1) at the medium-textured (MT) site. Silage yield for all of the manure treatments was similar to yield for the NF treatment after the first 3 to 4 yr of annual manure applications. The greatest manure rate and NF treatments significantly increased NO3-N concentrations in groundwater at the CT site. Groundwater NO3-N concentrations were not adversely affected by manure or NF applications at the MT site. An annual cattle manure application rate of 20 Mg ha(-1) provided sufficient N for irrigated cereal silage production and minimized NO3-N leaching in a medium-textured soil.
authors.affiliation: Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development, 100, 5401- 1 Ave. South, Lethbridge, AB, Canada, T1J 4V6.
authors.forename: Barry M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: D Rodney
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Ross H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: Troy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Ormann
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Atkins
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000416:Alberta; D000818:Animals; D018533:Biomass; D002417:Cattle; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012820:Silage / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D014887:Weather
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D008372:Manure; D009566:Nitrates; D012987:Soil; D009584:Nitrogen