title: Microwave ablation for unresectable hepatic tumours: clinical results using a novel microwave probe and generator.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microwave ablation is an in situ method of tumour destruction used to treat patients with unresectable liver tumours. A new microwave generator and probe, designed to deliver high energy into solid tumours quickly has been developed at our institution. We report the results of its use in patients with unresectable liver tumours treated by a single surgeon in a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one patients with 89 unresectable liver tumours were recruited into the study and underwent microwave ablation in a single procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no post-operative complications. At a median of 24 months post ablation, 15 patients were alive with 7 patients disease free. At a median of 26 months, 8 patients were alive with tumour recurrence but only 1 with local recurrence. The remaining 7 patients with recurrence were found to have new disease at locations remote from the ablation site. Fourteen patients died of disease progression at a median survival of 15 months, with only 1 patient with local and remote tumour recurrence. Of the total numbers of tumours treated (n=89), a local tumour recurrence rate of 2% was observed. Overall median survival was 29 months with 3 year survival of 40%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microwave tissue ablation using this novel generator and probe has a low local recurrence and complication rate. Overall survival is comparable to alternative ablation modalities and its ability to treat, even large tumours, with a single insertion of the probe makes it an extremely attractive treatment option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary surgery, 6th floor Balmoral Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, LE1 5WW, UK. neilbhardwaj@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Strickland
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Abassy
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: G S M
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lloyd
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003972:Diathermy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology