title: Self-expanding stent for recanalization of acute embolic or dissecting intracranial artery occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stent placement may be an effective and last resort method for recanalization of recalcitrant intracranial artery occlusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a self-expanding stent for the recanalization of acute embolic or dissecting intracranial artery occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine patients (mean age, 66 years; NIHSS score, 10-23) with acute embolic (n = 8) or dissecting occlusion (n = 1) of the intracranial arteries (ICA terminus in 5, MCA in 3, and BA in 1) were treated with a recapturable self-expanding stent. The safety and efficacy of the stent for recanalization were evaluated retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The emboli were entrapped against the vessel wall by the stent, resulting in immediate recanalization (TIMI 2) in all embolic occlusions. The dissecting occlusion was recanalized completely (TIMI 3). Adjunctive thrombolytics (n = 8, urokinase, 100,000-300,000 U) and/or GP IIb/IIIa antagonist (n = 7, tirofiban, 0.5-1 mg) were administered intra-arterially, and the degree of recanalization further improved in 4 embolic occlusions (TIMI 3). Acute in-stent thrombosis occurred in 2 patients, who received only urokinase without GP IIb/IIIa antagonist. Both of the reoccluded arteries were reopened, by stent recapture in 1 and by intra-arterial administration of GP IIb/IIIa antagonist in the other. Recapture was attempted in 7 cases, of which there were 3 successful outcomes. There was 1 asymptomatic hemorrhagic conversion at the infarction site. The mean improvement of the NIHSS score between baseline and discharge was 12.3 (range, 3-22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preliminary results of this study suggest that a self-expanding stent may be safe and efficient for recanalization of acute embolic or dissecting intracranial artery occlusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: K-Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: D I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome