title: Aerobic training reverses airway inflammation and remodelling in an asthma murine model.
abstract: Aerobic training (AT) decreases dyspnoea and exercise-induced bronchospasm, and improves aerobic capacity and quality of life; however, the mechanisms for such benefits remain poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the AT effects in a chronic model of allergic lung inflammation in mice after the establishment of airway inflammation and remodelling. Mice were divided into the control group, AT group, ovalbumin (OVA) group or OVA+AT group and exposed to saline or OVA. AT was started on day 28 for 60 min five times per week for 4 weeks. Respiratory mechanics, specific immunoglobulin (Ig)E and IgG(1), collagen and elastic fibres deposition, smooth muscle thickness, epithelial mucus, and peribronchial density of eosinophils, CD3+ and CD4+, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, interferon-gamma, IL-2, IL-1ra, IL-10, nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and Foxp3 were evaluated. The OVA group showed an increase in IgE and IgG(1), eosinophils, CD3+, CD4+, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, NF-kappaB, collagen and elastic, mucus synthesis, smooth muscle thickness and lung tissue resistance and elastance. The OVA+AT group demonstrated an increase of IgE and IgG(1), and reduction of eosinophils, CD3+, CD4+, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, NF-kappaB, airway remodelling, mucus synthesis, smooth muscle thickness and tissue resistance and elastance compared with the OVA group (p<0.05). The OVA+AT group also showed an increase in IL-10 and IL-1ra (p<0.05), independently of Foxp3. AT reversed airway inflammation and remodelling and T-helper cell 2 response, and improved respiratory mechanics. These results seem to occur due to an increase in the expression of IL-10 and IL-1ra and a decrease of NF-kappaB.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Physical Therapy (LIM-34), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: A C S
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: F D T Q S
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perini
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mauad
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: C R F
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D056151:Airway Remodeling; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010047:Ovalbumin