title: Enhanced insulin sensitivity in prepubertal children with constitutional delay of growth and development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that prepubertal children with presumed constitutional delay of growth and development (CDGD) have enhanced insulin sensitivity and, therefore, insulin sensitivity is associated with later onset of puberty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one prepubertal children with presumed CDGD and 23 prepubertal control children, underwent a frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test to evaluate insulin sensitivity and other markers of insulin, glucose, and growth regulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in the CDGD group were shorter and leaner than control subjects. Children with presumed CDGD were 40% more insulin sensitive (17.0 x 10(-4) min(-1)/[mU/L] versus 12.1 x 10(-4) min(-1)/[mU/L]; P = .0006) and had reduced acute insulin response, thus maintaining euglycemia (216 mU/L versus 330 mU/L; P = .02) compared with control subjects. In addition, the CDGD group had lower serum insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 levels (3333 ng/mL versus 3775 ng/mL; P = .0004) and a trend toward lower serum insulin-like growth factor-II levels (794 ng/mL versus 911 ng/mL; P = .06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prepubertal children with presumed CDGD have enhanced insulin sensitivity, supporting the hypothesis that insulin sensitivity is associated with timing of puberty. It may signify long-term biological advantages with lower risk of metabolic syndrome and malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute and National Research Centre for Growth and Development, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Dyanne A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Harriet L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: Tim A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Nathalie E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Billett
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Wayne S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Cutfield
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D011628:Puberty, Delayed / Q000378:metabolism*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin