title: Toll-like receptor 4 expression is increased in circulating mononuclear cells of patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy.
abstract: We investigated Toll-like receptors (TLR-3, -4 and -7) expression in circulating mononuclear cells of patients with immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN), a disease with debated relationships with mucosal immunity. TLR-4 expression (detected by fluorescence activated cell sorter) and mRNA transcriptional levels (Taqman) were significantly higher in patients with IgAN than in healthy controls (P = 0.00200 and P = 0.0200). TLR-3 and TLR-7 were not modified significantly. In IgAN patients proteinuria was correlated significantly with TLR-4 expression (P = 0.0312). In a group of nephrotic syndromes, TLR-3, -4 and -7 expression was similar to healthy controls. A significant difference in TLR-4 expression and mRNA levels was found between very active IgAN patients (proteinuria > 1 g/1.73 m(2)/day in association with severe microscopic haematuria) and inactive patients (proteinuria < 0.5 g/1.73 m(2)/day, with absent or minimal haematuria). No correlation with levels of aberrantly glycosylated IgA1, age, renal biopsy features or therapy was found. This study shows for the first time an up-regulation of TLR-4 in circulating mononuclear cells of patients with IgAN, particularly in association with proteinuria and heavy microscopic haematuria.
authors.affiliation: Regina Margherita Children's Hospital, Torino, Italy. rosanna.coppo@unito.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coppo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Camilla
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amore
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peruzzi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Daprà
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loiacono
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vatrano
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rollino
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sepe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rampino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dal Canton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D006417:Hematuria / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000378:metabolism; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; C495344:TLR3 protein, human; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; C495348:TLR7 protein, human; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7; C042441:glycosylated IgA