title: Low-level laser therapy for pain caused by placement of the first orthodontic archwire: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to clinically evaluate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as a method of reducing pain reported by patients after placement of their first orthodontic archwires.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample comprised 60 orthodontic patients (ages, 12-18 years; mean, 15.9 years). All patients had fixed orthodontic appliances placed in 1 dental arch (maxillary or mandibular), received the first archwire, and were then randomly assigned to the experimental (laser), placebo, or control group. This was a double-blind study. LLLT was started in the experimental group immediately after placement of the first archwire. Each tooth received a dose of 2.5 J per square centimeter on each side (buccal and lingual). The placebo group had the laser probe positioned into the mouth at the same areas overlying the dental root and could hear a sound every 10 seconds. The control group had no laser intervention. All patients received a survey to be filled out at home describing their pain during the next 7 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients in the LLLT group had lower mean scores for oral pain and intensity of pain on the most painful day. Also, their pain ended sooner. LLLT did not affect the start of pain perception or alter the most painful day. There was no significant difference in pain symptomatology in the maxillary or mandibular arches in an evaluated parameter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these findings, we concluded that LLLT efficiently controls pain caused by the first archwire.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tortamano
authors.forename: Daniele Calovini
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lenzi
authors.forename: Ana Cristina Soares Santos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: Marco Cicero
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bottino
authors.forename: Gladys Cristina
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Dominguez
authors.forename: Julio Wilson
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Vigorito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054023:Lasers, Semiconductor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D008437:Maxilla; D009969:Orthodontic Wires / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome