Comparison of plaque sealing with paclitaxel-eluting stents versus medical therapy for the treatment of moderate nonsignificant saphenous vein graft lesions: the moderate vein graft lesion stenting with the taxus stent and intravascular ultrasound (VELETI) pilot trial.
BACKGROUND
The presence of moderate saphenous vein graft (SVG) lesions is a major predictor of cardiac events late after coronary artery bypass grafting. We determined the effects of sealing moderate nonsignificant SVG lesions with paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) on the prevention of SVG atherosclerosis progression.


RESULTS
Patients with at least 1 moderate SVG lesion (30% to 60% diameter stenosis) were randomized either to stenting the moderate SVG lesion with a PES (n=30, PES group) or to medical treatment alone (n=27, medical treatment group). Patients had an angiographic and intravascular ultrasound evaluation of the SVG at baseline and at 12-month follow-up. The primary end points were (1) the ultrasound SVG minimal lumen area at follow-up and (2) the changes in ultrasound atheroma volume in an angiographically nondiseased SVG segment. Mean time from coronary artery bypass grafting was 12+/-6 years, and mean low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was 73+/-31 mg/dL. A total of 70 moderate SVG lesions (39+/-7% diameter stenosis) were evaluated. Significant disease progression occurred in the medical treatment group at the level of the moderate SVG lesion (decrease in minimal lumen area from 6.3+/-3.0 to 5.6+/-3.1 mm(2); P<0.001), leading to a severe flow-limiting lesion or SVG occlusion in 22% of the patients compared with none in the PES group (P=0.014). In the PES group, mean minimal lumen area increased (P<0.001) from 6.1+/-2.2 to 8.6+/-2.9 mm(2) at follow-up (P=0.001 compared with the medical treatment group at 12 months). There were no cases of restenosis or stent thrombosis. No significant atherosclerosis progression occurred at the nonstented SVG segments. At 12-month follow-up, the cumulative incidence of major adverse cardiac events related to the target SVG was 19% in the medical treatment group versus 3% in the PES group (P=0.091).


CONCLUSIONS
Stenting moderate nonsignificant lesions in old SVGs with PES was associated with a lower rate of SVG disease progression and a trend toward a lower incidence of major adverse cardiac events at 1-year follow-up compared with medical treatment alone, despite very low low-density lipoprotein cholesterol values. This pilot study supports further investigation into the role of plaque sealing in SVGs. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT002289835.
Rodés-Cabau
Josep
J
Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, 2725, Chemin Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada. josep.rodes@criucpq.ulaval.ca
Bertrand
Olivier F
OF
Larose
Eric
E
Déry
Jean-Pierre
JP
Rinfret
Stéphane
S
Bagur
Rodrigo
R
Proulx
Guy
G
Nguyen
Can M
CM
Côté
Mélanie
M
Landcop
Marie-Claude
MC
Boudreault
Jean-Rock
JR
Rouleau
Jacques
J
Roy
Louis
L
Gleeton
Onil
O
Barbeau
Gérald
G
Noël
Bernard
B
Courtis
Javier
J
Dagenais
Gilles R
GR
Després
Jean-Pierre
JP
DeLarochellière
Robert
R
D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D050257:Tubulin Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D050257:Tubulin Modulators; D017239:Paclitaxel