title: Effects of a dual L/N-type calcium channel blocker cilnidipine on blood pressure, pulse rate, and autonomic functions in patients with mild to moderate hypertension.
abstract: The current study was conducted to examine the effects of cilnidipine, a dual L/N-type calcium channel blocker, on blood pressure, pulse rate, and autonomic functions in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension. Sixteen patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension (8 males and 8 females; 44-72 years of age) were treated with cilnidipine (10 mg/day) for 3 months. Before and after the treatment, the following measurements were conducted; beat-to-beat blood pressure during late phase II and overshoot phase of the Valsalva maneuver, the Valsalva ratio, heart rate response to deep breathing, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and pulse rate. The head-up tilt test was also performed before and after the treatment. Cilnidipine significantly decreased either the systolic or diastolic blood pressure from 151 +/- 15 mmHg to 129 +/- 14 mmHg or 84 +/- 11 mmHg to 71 +/- 9 mmHg, respectively. For pulse rate, there were no significant changes during therapy. Beat-to-beat blood pressure during late phase II and overshoot phase of the Valsalva maneuver indicated significant improvements in both figures. The heart rate response to deep breathing and the Valsalva ratio indicated no significant differences during therapy. Before and after the treatment, no orthostatic hypotension was observed during the head-up tilt test. The current study revealed that cilnidipine significantly decreases blood pressure with improving autonomic functions while having no adverse effects on heart rate response and pulse rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular and Geriatric Medicine, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, Japan. tkai@med.Kindai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuzumoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003971:Diastole / Q000187:drug effects; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013599:Systole / Q000187:drug effects; D018667:Tilt-Table Test; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; C065927:cilnidipine