title: Intravesical oxybutynin in the pediatric neurogenic bladder.
abstract: Pediatric neuropathic bladder dysfunction can cause irreversible renal damage and urinary incontinence. Etiologically, it is usually the consequence of a congenital neural tube defect. The majority of affected children can be successfully managed with the standard medical treatment of clean intermittent catheterization and anticholinergic (typically oxybutynin) medication. A subset of patients experience severe side effects or insufficient suppression of detrusor overactivity on oral oxybutynin. Intravesical instillations offer an effective alternative; this Review considers their indications, administration, safety and efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Red Cross Children's Hospital, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, Cape Town, South Africa. j.lazarus@uct.ac.za
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lazarus
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D008333:Mandelic Acids; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; C005419:oxybutynin