title: An integrated study of endocrine disruptors in sediments and reproduction-related parameters in bivalve molluscs from the Biosphere's Reserve of Urdaibai (Bay of Biscay).
abstract: Urdaibai was declared a Biosphere's Reserve by UNESCO in 1984. Because we observed a high prevalence of hermaphroditism in mussels sampled in Urdaibai in March 2004, we started the present research work in order to determine the presence of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in sediments and to study possible EDs effects on mussels and oysters using gonad index and vitellogenin (VTG)-like protein levels as biomarkers. Samples were collected at five localities in April 2007 and 2008, and in October 2007. Estrogenic hormones were not detected in sediments and levels of bisphenol A and organotin compounds were very low. Alkylphenols were found at moderate levels and showed a time-dependent decrease. Phthalates were found at levels up to 8000 ng/g. High prevalence of oocyte atresia and necrosis occurred in mussels sampled in April. Retarded gametogenesis was observed in an oyster population from a shipyard. Hermaphrodites or alterations in VTG-like protein levels were not found but the high prevalence of histopathological alterations in oocytes is of concern.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Zoology and Cell Biology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Bilbao, Basque Country, Spain.
authors.forename: Eunate
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Puy-Azurmendi
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Zarragoitia
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuster
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Míriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guillamón
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.forename: Mari Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Barbero
authors.forename: Miren López de
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Alda
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bayona
authors.forename: Damiá
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barceló
authors.forename: Miren P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cajaraville
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000502:physiology*; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000139:chemically induced*; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005718:Gametogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D009865:Oocytes / Q000473:pathology; D013030:Spain; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D014819:Vitellogenins