title: An intervention to decrease complications  related to endotracheal intubation  in the intensive care unit: a prospective,  multiple-center study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determined whether the implementation of an intubation management protocol leads to the reduction of intubation-related complications in the intensive care unit (ICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-phase, prospective, multicenter controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three medical-surgical ICUs in two university hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred three consecutive ICU patients required 244 intubations.
  
  
  METHODS
  All intubations performed during two consecutive phases (a 6-month quality control phase followed by a 6-month intervention phase based on the implementation of an ICU intubation bundle management protocol) were evaluated. The ten bundle components were: preoxygenation with noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, presence of two operators, rapid sequence induction, cricoid pressure, capnography, protective ventilation, fluid loading, preparation and early administration of sedation and vasopressor use if needed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary end points were the incidence of life-threatening complications occurring within 60 min after intubation (cardiac arrest or death, severe cardiovascular collapse and hypoxemia). Other complications (mild to moderate) were also evaluated. Baseline characteristics, including demographic data and reason for intubation (mainly acute respiratory failure), were similar in the two phases. The intubation procedure in the intervention phase (n = 121) was associated with significant decreases in both life-threatening complications (21 vs. 34%, p = 0.03) and other complications (9 vs. 21%, p = 0.01) compared to the control phase (n = 123).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of an intubation management protocol can reduce immediate severe life-threatening complications associated with intubation of ICU patients.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Anesthesia and Critical Care Department B: DAR B, CHU de Montpellier, Saint Eloi Teaching Hospital, Université Montpellier 1, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. s-jaber@chu-montpellier.fr
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jaber
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corne
authors.forename: Mustapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebbane
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chanques
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verzilli
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jonquet
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Eledjam
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lefrant
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data