title: Reversibly immortalized human olfactory ensheathing glia from an elderly donor maintain neuroregenerative capacity.
abstract: A continuous normal function of olfactory ensheathing glia (OEG) is to promote axonal regeneration from the olfactory neuroepithelium to the brain, and their neuroregenerative potential in other CNS sites such as the injured spinal cord has been studied for over a decade. However, human OEG are difficult to obtain in large amounts directly from tissues, and the derived primary cultures have a limited duplication capacity. Thus, although auto-transplantation may be an obvious option for initial proof-of-concept trials, alternatives must be explored to obtain large quantities of homogeneous, pre-characterized OEG for wide-scale therapeutic use. We have cultured primary human OEG derived from olfactory bulbs (OB) obtained by necropsy and successfully extended the replicative lifespan of these cells using lentivectors encoding Bmi-1 and TERT transgenes flanked by loxP sites. In contrast to the primary cells which could only be expanded for a limited number of passages (approximately 12), adult human OEG immortalized Bmi-1/TERT divided indefinitely in culture. Clonal lines were isolated and the floxed transgenes could be excised by lentivector-mediated Cre recombinase delivery. Primary, immortalized, and deimmortalized human OEG all expressed typical markers of this cell type and importantly, were all able to promote axonal regeneration of adult rat retinal ganglion neurons (RGN) in co-culture assays.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: M Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Martín-Bermejo
authors.forename: Vega
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: García-Escudero
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gallego-Hernández
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Gómez
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rábano
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Díaz-Nido
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Moreno-Flores
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002999:Clone Cells; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology*; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000601:surgery; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014161:Transduction, Genetic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C069077:BMI1 protein, human; C489787:MAP2 protein, rat; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D019098:Telomerase