title: A comparison of web-based and telephone surveys for assessing traffic safety concerns, beliefs, and behaviors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this investigation was to compare the results of a web-based and a telephone interview survey measuring driver concerns about a variety of traffic safety issues, their beliefs, and specific driving behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  State-wide, annual random digit-dial telephone surveys and web-based surveys were conducted in Maryland. A total of 1,700 drivers were surveyed by telephone and 6,806 took a web survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Telephone respondents were more likely to be female and older. Web respondents were more likely to be white and not Latino/Hispanic. After controlling for demographic differences, telephone survey respondents were more likely to be concerned about traffic safety. They were more likely to believe that sobriety checkpoints reduce drunk driving (OR=2.18, 95% CI 1.94, 2.45), they would be ticketed for not wearing a seat belt (OR=1.26, 95% CI 1.12, 1.43), and they would be stopped by the police if they drove after drinking too much (OR=1.17, 95% CI 1.03, 1.32). They were less likely to report a variety of risky behaviors including using a cell phone while driving (OR=.54, 95% CI .48, .61) and driving 10+ mph over the speed limit (OR=.81, 95% CI .72, .91), but were more likely to report having been ticketed for a moving violation in the last month (OR=2.22, 95% CI 1.70, 2.90). Suggestions are offered for overcoming potential sources of sampling bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Web-based surveys produce substantially different results than random-digit-dial telephone surveys, when used for public assessments of traffic safety concerns and behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Community Health, University of Maryland School of Public Health, College Park, MD 20742, USA. kbeck1@umd.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Alice F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Min Qi
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012449:Safety; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013689:Telephone