title: Evaluation of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis in assessing body composition of wrestlers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of multifrequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (MFBIA) in assessing fat-free mass (FFM) in comparison with hydrostatic weighing (HW) and skinfolds (SK) in high school wrestlers in a hydrated state.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body composition was determined by MFBIA, HW, and three-site SK in 72 high school wrestlers (mean +/- SD; age = 15.3 +/- 1.4 yr, height = 1.71 +/- 0.08 m, body mass = 67.3 +/- 13.4 kg). Hydration state was quantified by evaluating urine specific gravity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences for estimated FFM between MFBIA (57.2 +/- 9.5 kg) and HW (57.0 +/- 10.1 kg) or SK (56.4 +/- 8.8 kg). The SEE for FFM with HW as the reference method were 2.73 kg for MFBIA and 2.66 kg for SK. Correlations were found for FFM between HW and MFBIA (r = 0.96, P < 0.001) and between HW and SK (r = 0.97, P < 0.001). A systematic bias was found for MFBIA because the difference between MFBIA and HW correlated with the FFM average of the two methods (r = -0.22, P < 0.001). A bias was also seen between SK and HW and correlated with the FFM average (r = -0.47, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that MFBIA provides similar estimates of FFM when compared with HW in a heterogeneous high school wrestling population during a hydrated state. MFBIA is an attractive assessment tool, easy to use, and may be considered as an alternative field-based method of estimating the FFM of high school wrestlers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA. utterac@appstate.edu
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Utter
authors.forename: Pamela G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Lambeth
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D017097:Electric Impedance; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009657:North Carolina; D014952:Wrestling