title: The occurrence and management of fluid retention associated with TKI therapy in CML, with a focus on dasatinib.
abstract: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) like dasatinib and nilotinib are indicated as second-line treatment for chronic myeloid leukemia resistant or intolerant to the current first-line TKI imatinib. These are agents are well tolerated, but potent and as such should be monitored for potentially serious side-effects like fluid retention and pleural effusions. Here we present key clinical trial data and safety considerations for all FDA approved TKIs in context for effective management of fluid retention and pleural effusions. Altering the dasatinib regimen from 70 mg twice daily to 100 mg daily reduces the risk of pleural effusion for patients taking dasatinib. Should pleural effusion develop, dasatinib should be interrupted until the condition resolves. Patients with a history of pleural effusion risk factors should be monitored closely while taking dasatinib. Patients receiving imatinib and nilotinib are not without risk of fluid retention. All patients should also be educated to recognize and report key symptoms of fluid retention or pleural effusion. Pleural effusions are generally managed by dose interruption/reduction and other supportive measures in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia receiving dasatinib therapy.
authors.affiliation: Jane Anne Nohl Division of Hematology and Center for the Study of Blood Diseases, University of Southern California Medical Center, 1441 Eastlake Ave Suite 7317, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. masiello@usc.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Masiello
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gorospe
authors.forename: Allen S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000069439:Dasatinib; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013844:Thiazoles; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000069439:Dasatinib