Highly efficient removal of heavy metals by polymer-supported nanosized hydrated Fe(III) oxides: behavior and XPS study.
The present study developed a polymer-based hybrid sorbent (HFO-001) for highly efficient removal of heavy metals [e.g., Pb(II), Cd(II), and Cu(II)] by irreversibly impregnating hydrated Fe(III) oxide (HFO) nanoparticles within a cation-exchange resin D-001 (R-SO(3)Na), and revealed the underlying mechanism based on X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study. HFO-001 combines the excellent handling, flow characteristics, and attrition resistance of conventional cation-exchange resins with the specific affinity of HFOs toward heavy metal cations. As compared to D-001, sorption selectivity of HFO-001 toward Pb(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) was greatly improved from the Ca(II) competition at greater concentration. Column sorption results indicated that the working capacity of HFO-001 was about 4-6 times more than D-001 with respect to removal of three heavy metals from simulated electroplating water (pH approximately 4.0). Also, HFO-001 is particularly effective in removing trace Pb(II) and Cd(II) from simulated natural waters to meet the drinking water standard, with treatment volume orders of magnitude higher than D-001. The superior performance of HFO-001 was attributed to the Donnan membrane effect exerted by the host D-001 as well as to the impregnated HFO nanoparticles of specific interaction toward heavy metal cations, as further confirmed by XPS study on lead sorption. More attractively, the exhausted HFO-001 beads can be effectively regenerated by HCl-NaCl solution (pH 3) for repeated use without any significant capacity loss.
Pan
Bingjun
B
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
Qiu
Hui
H
Pan
Bingcai
B
Nie
Guangze
G
Xiao
Lili
L
Lv
Lu
L
Zhang
Weiming
W
Zhang
Quanxing
Q
Zheng
Shourong
S
D000327:Adsorption; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002412:Cations; D004595:Electroplating; D004777:Environment; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010316:Particle Size; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
D002412:Cations; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D007475:Ion Exchange Resins; D007477:Ions; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D011108:Polymers; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water; C000499:ferric oxide; D002118:Calcium