title: Pharmacokinetics of LJP 993, a tetrameric conjugate of domain 1 of beta2-glycoprotein I for antiphospholipid syndrome.
abstract: beta2-glycoprotein I is the best-characterized antigenic target for antiphospholipid autoantibodies. We synthesized a tetrameric conjugate of the domain 1 of beta2-glycoprotein I (LJP 993) aimed at developing the conjugate as a Toleragen to suppress antiphospholipid syndrome. The present studies focused on determining the stability, tissue distribution, plasma concentration-time profile and excretion of the LJP 993 in mice. The stability of LJP 993 in mouse plasma was quantitatively evaluated using strong cation-exchange high performance liquid chromatography. ( 125)I-labeled LJP 993 was intravenously injected to mice, and levels of (125)I-labeled LJP 993 in plasma, tissues, urine and feces were determined at known intervals. Incubation of LJP 993 with mouse serum at 37 degrees C for 8 h resulted in a decrease by 34% of LJP 993 concentration. No degradation fragment was observed during the incubation. After a single intravenous administration of (125)I-LJP 993 (0.5 and 5 mg/kg) to mice, both C(max) and area-under-curve values increased in a dose-proportional manner, and blood radioactivity disappeared in a bi-exponential manner with the distribution half-lives equal to 1.7 min, and the elimination half-lives 188 and 281 min, respectively. The (125)I-LJP 993 was moderately distributed into organs and tissues with the exception that brain level of ( 125)I-LJP 993 was negligible. The major sites of (125)I-LJP 993 uptake were the kidney (at 30 min post dosing), and kidney, lung, liver, heart, spleen, skin, muscle and fat tissues (at 4 h post dosing). Cumulative urinary and fecal radioactivity for 0-48 h post dosing accounted for 44.7% and 4.2% of the administered dose, respectively, with the fast rate of urinal excretion occurring within the first 8 h. In summary, LJP 993 was fairly stable in mouse plasma. After administration to mice, (125)I-LJP 993 was taken up mainly by kidney and then distributed extensively to tissues except brain. Both C(max) and area-under-curve values increased in a dose-proportional manner. It was predominantly excreted in the urine with an elimination half-life longer than 3 h. Kidney is a major route to excrete the tetrameric conjugate.
authors.affiliation: La Jolla Pharmaceutical Company, San Diego CA, USA. jiale@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Linnik
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004987:Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007659:Ketones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D004987:Ethers; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007659:Ketones; C447679:LJP 993