title: Treatment of metastatic spinal tumors by percutaneous vertebroplasty versus percutaneous vertebroplasty combined with interstitial implantation of 125I seeds.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As the most frequent bone metastasis, spinal metastases cause severe pain and damage to vertebral bodies such as spinal osteolytic destruction and compression fractures. To avoid the trauma and complications of open surgery, a minimally invasive procedure, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), has recently been developed to treat metastatic spinal tumors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the treatment outcomes of metastatic spinal tumors by percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) alone or PVP combined with interstitial implantation of 125I seeds.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 patients with metastatic spinal tumors were randomized to receive PVP alone (40 cases) or PVP combined with 125I seed implantation (40 cases). Digital subtraction angiography (DSA)-guided vertebroplasty was performed under local anesthesia, and acrylic bone cement was injected into the vertebra through a bone trocar to the center of the lesion, with or without simultaneous interstitial implantation of 125I seeds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6-month follow-up, PVP combined with 125I seed implantation resulted in zero cases with complete relief (CR), 36 with partial relief (PR), four with no changes (NC), and zero with progression of disease (PD), while PVP alone without seed implantation resulted in 0 CR, 31 PR, 7 NC, and 2 PD. While the combined-treatment group and the single-PVP group showed overall clinical benefit rates without significant difference (100% and 95.0%, respectively), their visual analogue pain scales (VAS; 2.26+/-1.05 and 5.41+/-0.94, respectively) and Karnofsky performance scores (KPS; 92.5+/-7.1 and 87.7+/-7.3, respectively) were significantly different after treatment (P = 0.028 and P = 0.009, respectively). Patients in both groups had 1-year follow-up, and the mean time to tumor progression (TTP) was 9.0 and 8.9 months, respectively (not significant).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PVP is a minimally invasive procedure with small wounds and minor complications. It is effective in the alleviation of pain in metastatic spinal tumor patients, and its clinical outcomes can be enhanced by the combination of interstitial implantation of 125I seeds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Tumor Hospital of Yunnan Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College, Kunming, Yunnan, P. R. China. yangzuozhang@163.com
authors.forename: Zuozhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dakuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yunchao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hongpu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Pengjie
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhongxiong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D054854:Vertebroplasty / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes