title: Different contributions of side-chains in beta-D-(1-->3,6)-galactans on intestinal Peyer's patch-immunomodulation by polysaccharides from Astragalus mongholics Bunge.
abstract: Thirteen polysaccharides isolated from an extract of the aerial portions of Astragalus mongholics Bunge demonstrated immunomodulating activity against Peyer's patch immunocompetent cells. Nine of the active polysaccharide fractions were composed of either arabinogalactans, pectic arabinogalactans or pectins. The activities of the arabinogalactans and pectic arabinogalactans were associated with beta-D-(1-->3)-galactan moieties branched with beta-D-(1-->6)-galactooligosaccharide side-chains having degrees of polymerization of 8 or less. Degradation of the beta-D-(1-->3)-galactan or beta-D-(1-->6)-galactosyl side-chains in the arabinogalactans significantly decreased immunomodulating activity. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG-I) with beta-D-(1-->3,6)-galactosyl side-chains having terminal beta-D-GlcA showed activity in the pectin-enriched fractions. Interestingly, the terminal GlcA was not required for activity of the arabinogalactan-enriched fractions, suggesting at least two different immunomodulating structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Discovery Science, Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takakiwa
authors.forename: Toshiake
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: Noriyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hada
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D005685:Galactans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005685:Galactans; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010368:Pectins