title: Clinical heterogeneity in monogenic diabetes caused by mutations in the glucokinase gene (GCK-MODY).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the heterogeneity in the clinical expression in a family with glucokinase mature-onset diabetes of the young (GCK-MODY).
  
  
  METHODS
  Members (three generations) of the same family presented either with overt neonatal hyperglycemia, marked postprandial hyperglycemia, or glucosuria. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA(IR)) and insulinogenic and disposition indexes were calculated. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results in the GCK mutation carriers from this family were compared with those from other subjects with GCK mutations in the same codon (GCK(261)), with other missense and other types of GCK mutations in different codons from the European MODY Consortium database (GCK(m)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mutation G261R was found in the GCK gene. During the OGTT, glucose (P = 0.02) and insulin (P = 0.009) response at 2 h as well as at the 2-h glucose increment (GCK(261) versus other missense GCK mutations, P = 0.003) were significantly higher in GCK(261) than in GCK(m) carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differing from other GCK(m) carriers, the glucose and insulin response to oral glucose was significantly higher in GCK(261) carriers, indicating clinical heterogeneity in GCK-MODY.
authors.affiliation: IMABIS Foundation and Center for the Study of Pancreatic beta-Cell Diseases, Carlos Haya University Hospital, Málaga, Spain. alcm@fundacionimabis.org
authors.forename: Antonio L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cuesta-Muñoz
authors.forename: Tiinamaija
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuomi
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cobo-Vuilleumier
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koskela
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Odili
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stride
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buettger
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otonkoski
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Froguel
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grimsby
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Gimeno
authors.forename: Franz M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Matschinsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000235:genetics*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003062:Codon; D005941:Glucokinase