title: Epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation: a comparison of nostril sides.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is commonly believed that for preventing epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation (NTI), the right nostril should be used. However, there is no real evidence as to which nostril should be used. In this study, we tested our hypothesis that epistaxis during NTI is more frequent and severe using the left nostril rather than the right, provided that patency appears equal on both sides of the nose.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 54 patients who were scheduled for elective oral surgery, in which NTI was indicated to optimize the surgical approach, were recruited into this study. The nostril used for NTI was chosen randomly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Epistaxis occurred significantly more frequently (44.4%) when the left nostril was used for NTI than when the right nostril was used (11.1%; P = .014). Although there were no statistical differences in the incidence of mild epistaxis between the 2 nostrils (P = .467), severe epistaxis was significant more frequent with the left (22.2%) than with the right nostril (0.0%; P < .023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show that epistaxis during NTI is more frequent and severe with the left nostril than the right. Hence, when deciding which nostril to use for NTI, the right nostril should be used if patency appears equal on both sides of the nose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan. odu9847@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sanuki
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirokane
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kotani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose