title: Associations between single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene, serum adiponectin levels and increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iranian obese individuals.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-secreted hormone with important metabolic effects. There have been inconsistent reports about SNPs of the adiponectin gene and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2DM). The aim of this study was to investigate any association between SNPs (+45 T/G and +276 G/T) of the adiponectin gene with serum adiponectin levels, metabolic factors and risk of T2DM in obese individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping for two common SNPs of adiponectin gene was performed in 50 unrelated obese type 2 diabetic patients and 52 obese non-diabetic control subjects by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Lipid profile was measured by enzymatic methods. Serum adiponectin, insulin, leptin and glucose levels were measured by immunoassay, and glucose oxidase methods, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was observed that obesity and T2DM are associated with low serum adiponectin levels. The G allele and TG/GG genotype of SNP 45 occurred more frequently than the T allele and TT genotype in T2DM patients compare to the controls (p<0.05). Subjects with the G/G + TG genotype of SNP 45 were at increased risk for T2DM [Odds Ratio (OR) 2.574; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.051-6.302; p=0.036] compared with those T/T genotype. There was no statistically significant difference in allele and genotype frequencies of SNP 276 comparing control group with T2DM group. Thus, our results demonstrated that, adiponectin SNP 45T/G, rather than SNP 276G/T, is more associated with risk of T2DM in obese individuals.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
authors.forename: Ghorban
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mohammadzadeh
authors.forename: Nosratollah
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zarghami
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D000886:Anthropometry; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin