title: Reach and effectiveness of DVD and in-person diabetes self-management education.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the reach and effectiveness of a diabetes self-management DVD compared to classroom-based instruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A hybrid preference/randomized design was used with participants assigned to Choice v. Randomized and DVD v. Class conditions. One hundred and eighty-nine adults with type 2 diabetes participated. Key outcomes included self-management behaviours, process measures including DVD implementation and hypothesized mediators and clinical risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the Choice condition, four times as many participants chose the mailed DVD as selected Class-based instruction (38.8 v. 9.4%, p<0.001). At the 6-month follow-up, the DVD produced results generally not significantly different than classroom-based instruction, but a combined Class plus DVD condition did not improve outcomes beyond those produced by the classes alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The DVD appears to have merit as an efficient and appealing alternative to brief classroom-based diabetes education, and the hybrid design is recommended to provide estimates of programme reach.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Colorado, PO Box 378066, Denver, Colorado 80237-8066, USA. russg@re-aim.net
authors.forename: Russell E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Glasgow
authors.forename: Linda L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Whitesides
authors.forename: Nikki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Tristan J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Barbara L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: McCray
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000379:methods*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014742:Videodisc Recording