Expression of uncoupling protein 1 in mouse brown adipose tissue is thyroid hormone receptor-beta isoform specific and required for adaptive thermogenesis.
Cold-induced adaptive (or nonshivering) thermogenesis in small mammals is produced primarily in brown adipose tissue (BAT). BAT has been identified in humans and becomes more active after cold exposure. Heat production from BAT requires sympathetic nervous system stimulation, T(3), and uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) expression. Our previous studies with a thyroid hormone receptor-beta (TR beta) isoform-selective agonist demonstrated that after TR beta stimulation alone, adaptive thermogenesis was markedly impaired, although UCP-1 expression in BAT was normal. We used mice with a dominant-negative TR beta PV mutation (frameshift mutation in resistance to thyroid hormone patient PV) to determine the role of TR beta in adaptive thermogenesis and UCP1 expression. Wild-type and PV mutant mice were made hypothyroid and replaced with T(3) (7 ng/g x d) for 10 d to produce similar serum thyroid hormone concentration in the wild-type and mutant mice. The thermogenic response of interscapular BAT, as determined by heat production during iv infusions of norepinephrine, was reduced in PV beta heterozygous and homozygous mutant mice. The level of UCP1, the key thermogenic protein in BAT, was progressively reduced in PV beta(+/-) and PV beta(-/-) mutant mice. Brown adipocytes isolated from PV mutant mice had some reduction in cAMP and glycerol production in response to adrenergic stimulation. Defective adaptive thermogenesis in TR beta PV mutant mice is due to reduced UCP1 expression and reduced adrenergic responsiveness. TR beta mediates T(3) regulation of UCP1 in BAT and is required for adaptive thermogenesis.
Ribeiro
Miriam O
MO
Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90073, USA.
Bianco
Suzy D C
SD
Kaneshige
Masahiro
M
Schultz
James J
JJ
Cheng
Sheue-yann
SY
Bianco
Antonio C
AC
Brent
Gregory A
GA
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D037042:Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1
D002395:Catecholamines; D007473:Ion Channels; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D037042:Thyroid Hormone Receptors beta; C000604371:UCP1 protein, human; C000604372:Ucp1 protein, mouse; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D014284:Triiodothyronine