title: Dobutamine stress cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients after invasive coronary revascularization with stent placement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-dose dobutamine stress magnetic resonance (DSMR) is a well-established imaging technique for the detection of coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the value of DSMR for the detection of in-stent restenoses (ISR) in patients with prior coronary stenting, using invasive coronary angiography (ICA) as the standard of reference.
  
  
  METHODS
  50 patients with 74 stents and without wall motion abnormalities at rest were examined on a 1.5T MR scanner and underwent ICA for clinical reasons within 14 days after DSMR examination. A dobutamine/atropine stress protocol was employed until age-predicted heart rate was achieved, and imaging was performed in at least three long- and three short-axis views using a segmented steady-state free precession sequence (repetition/echo time [TR/TE] 3/1.5 ms, flip angle 60 degrees). All examinations were read by an experienced cardiologist and radiologist in consensus, with myocardial ischemia being defined as a new stress-induced wall motion abnormality in at least one myocardial segment. Statistical analysis was performed on a per-vessel (left circumflex artery [LCX], left anterior descending artery [LAD], and right coronary artery [RCA]) basis and with regard to the number of affected vessels (one-, two- or three-vessel disease).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ICA yielded seven ISR, of which one was missed by DSMR (sensitivity 86%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42-0.99). Sixty-seven coronary arteries showed no ISR in ICA; however, due to new wall motion abnormalities, seven ISR were suspected in DSMR (2xRCA, 3xLCX, and 2xLAD; sensitivity 86%, specificity 90%, positive predictive value 46%, negative predictive value 98%, and diagnostic accuracy 89%). The per-vessel analysis of the three main coronary arteries revealed highest sensitivity (100%), specificity (93%), and diagnostic accuracy (94%) for the LAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-dose DSMR is an accurate, noninvasive technique for the detection of ISR and reliably allows identification of patients who need to undergo control ICA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. christina.heilmaier@uni-due.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heilmaier
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bruder
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jochims
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forsting
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Sabin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barkhausen
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Schlosser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004280:Dobutamine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015607:Stents
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D004280:Dobutamine