Epidermal growth factor receptor in relation to tumor development: EGFR-targeted anticancer therapy.
The discovery that signaling by the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a key role in tumorigenesis prompted efforts to target this receptor in anticancer therapy. Two different types of EGFR-targeted therapeutic agents were subsequently developed: mAbs, such as cetuximab and panitumumab, which target the extracellular domain of the receptor, thereby inhibiting ligand-dependent EGFR signal transduction; and small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors, such as gefitinib and erlotinib, which target the intracellular tyrosine kinase domain of the EGFR. Furthermore, recent clinical and laboratory studies have identified molecular markers that have the potential to improve the clinical effectiveness of EGFR-targeted therapies. This minireview summarizes the emerging role of molecular profiling in guiding the clinical use of anti-EGFR therapeutic agents.
Okamoto
Isamu
I
Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. chi-okamoto@dotd.med.kindai.ac.jp
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins