title: Recent national trends in readmission rates after heart failure hospitalization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In July 2009, Medicare began publicly reporting hospitals' risk-standardized 30-day all-cause readmission rates (RSRRs) among fee-for-service beneficiaries discharged after hospitalization for heart failure from all the US acute care nonfederal hospitals. No recent national trends in RSRRs have been reported, and it is not known whether hospital-specific performance is improving or variation in performance is decreasing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used 2004-2006 Medicare administrative data to identify all fee-for-service beneficiaries admitted to a US acute care hospital for heart failure and discharged alive. We estimated mean annual RSRRs, a National Quality Forum-endorsed metric for quality, using 2-level hierarchical models that accounted for age, sex, and multiple comorbidities; variation in quality was estimated by the SD of the RSRRs. There were 570 996 distinct hospitalizations for heart failure in which the patient was discharged alive in 4728 hospitals in 2004, 544 550 in 4694 hospitals in 2005, and 501 234 in 4674 hospitals in 2006. Unadjusted 30-day all-cause readmission rates were virtually identical over this period: 23.0% in 2004, 23.3% in 2005, and 22.9% in 2006. The mean and SD of RSRRs were also similar: mean (SD) of 23.7% (1.3) in 2004, 23.9% (1.4) in 2005, and 23.8% (1.4) in 2006, suggesting similar hospital variation throughout the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  National mean and RSRR distributions among Medicare beneficiaries discharged after hospitalization for heart failure have not changed in recent years, indicating that there was neither improvement in hospital readmission rates nor in hospital variations in rates over this time period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA. joseph.ross@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Jersey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhenqiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Jeptha P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Patricia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Keenan
authors.forename: Sharon-Lise T
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Normand
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schreiner
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Spertus
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Vidán
authors.forename: Yongfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Harlan M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Krumholz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010359:Patient Readmission