title: Moderate hypothermia suppresses jugular venous superoxide anion radical, oxidative stress, early inflammation, and endothelial injury in forebrain ischemia/reperfusion rats.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of moderate hypothermia (MH) on generation of jugular venous superoxide radical (O2-.), oxidative stress, early inflammation, and endothelial injury in forebrain ischemia/reperfusion (FBI/R) rats. Twenty-one Wistar rats were allocated to a control group (n=7, 37 degrees C), a pre-MH group (n=7, 32 degrees C before ischemia), and a post-MH group (n=7, 32 degrees C after reperfusion). MH was induced before induction of ischemia in the pre-MH group and just after reperfusion in the post-MH group. Forebrain ischemia was induced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries with hemorrhagic hypotension for 10 min, followed by reperfusion. O(2)(-)(.) in the jugular vein was measured from the produced current using a novel O2-. sensor. The O2-. current showed a gradual increase during forebrain ischemia in the control and post-MH groups but was attenuated in the pre-MH group. Following reperfusion, the current showed a marked increase in the control group but was strongly attenuated in the pre- and post-MH groups. Concentrations of malondialdehyde, high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in the brain and plasma 120 min after reperfusion in the pre- and post-MH groups were significantly lower than those in the control group, except for plasma HMGB1 in the post-MH group. In conclusion, MH suppressed O2-. measured in the jugular vein, oxidative stress, early inflammation, and endothelial injury in FBI/R rats.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Medical Emergency and Critical Care Center, Yamaguchi University Hospital, 1-1-1, Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koda
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Todani
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shitara
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasaoka
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maekawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; C104200:Hbp1 protein, rat; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D008315:Malondialdehyde