title: Characteristics of sleep-disordered breathing in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), especially sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome, is often observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus; but there are only a few studies on SDB in Japanese diabetic subjects. We investigated the prevalence of SDB in diabetic patients; associations between severity of sleep apnea (SA) and clinical factors, visceral fat, and adiponectin; and associations between type of SA and clinical factors. In the present study, 40 Japanese diabetic patients underwent overnight cardiorespiratory monitoring, and night and morning measurements of serum adiponectin concentrations. Sleep apnea was detected in Japanese diabetic patients at a high prevalence (77.5%). The following variables were associated with SDB: age, body mass index, estimated visceral fat area, and nocturnal reduction in serum adiponectin concentrations. The prevalence of central sleep apnea (CSA, >or=5/h) was 32.3% among diabetic SDB patients. Diabetic SDB patients with CSA had higher hemoglobin, increased intima-media thickness, and higher plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels than those without CSA (<5/h). In conclusion, our study demonstrated a high prevalence of SDB in Japanese diabetic patients, which correlated with visceral fat area and adiponectin. A high frequency of CSA was noted in diabetic SDB patients, together with high hemoglobin, high brain natriuretic peptide, and increased intima-media thickness. The present results of prevalence of SDB may be relevant to the higher incidence of cardiovascular disease in diabetic patients, which need to be clarified in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashine
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funahashi
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otuki
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okita
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D015995:Prevalence; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain