title: Cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst: a case of hemifacial spasm caused by an organic lesion other than neurovascular compression: case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A rare case of cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst manifesting as hemifacial spasm (HFS) is reported. The patient is a 42-year-old woman with 10-month history of left HFS. A preoperative magnetic resonance imaging scan showed a well-demarcated area, hypointense on T1-weighted imaging and hyperintense on T2-weighted imaging, in the left cerebellopontine angle, without contrast enhancement, resembling an arachnoid cyst.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cyst was excised with microneurosurgical technique and the facial, vestibular, and acoustic nerves were completely decompressed from the arachnoid wall.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The postoperative course was uneventful, and the left HFS disappeared immediately. Histologically, the cyst wall was a typical arachnoidal membrane. Ten months after surgery, the patient is symptom free.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is well-known that in approximately 10% of cases, trigeminal neuralgia can be caused by a space-occupying mass. However, the fact that HFS can also be caused by organic lesions as well as neurovascular compression is less well-known. Although the occurrence of tumor compression causing HFS has been previously recognized, cerebellopontine angle cysts have very rarely been described. The observation of a patient with a cerebellopontine angle arachnoid cyst causing HFS prompted us to review the literature relative to HFS caused by an organic lesion rather than neurovascular compression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sant'Andrea Hospital, Rome, Italy. mastro@tin.it
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mastronardi
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caroli
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Crispo
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D002526:Cerebellar Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D002530:Cerebellopontine Angle / Q000473:pathology*; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D014725:Vestibular Nerve / Q000601:surgery