title: Acute emergence of Elizabethkingia meningoseptica infection among mechanically ventilated patients in a long-term acute care facility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe an outbreak of infection associated with an infrequently implicated pathogen, Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, in an increasingly prominent setting for health care of severely ill patients, the long-term acute care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outbreak investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-term acute care hospital with 55 patients, most of whom were mechanically ventilated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We defined a case as E. meningoseptica isolated from any patient specimen source from December 2007 through April 2008, conducted an investigation of case patients, obtained environmental specimens, and performed microbiologic testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen patients had E. meningoseptica infection, and 8 died. All case patients had been admitted with respiratory failure that required mechanical ventilation. Among the 8 individuals who died, the time from collection of the first specimen positive for E. meningoseptica to death ranged from 6 to 43 days (median, 16 days). Environmental sampling was performed on 106 surfaces; E. meningoseptica was isolated from only one swab. Three related pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns were identified in patient isolates; the environmental isolate yielded a fourth, unrelated pattern.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term acute care hospitals with mechanically ventilated patients could serve as an important transmission setting for E. meningoseptica. This multidrug-resistant bacterium could pose additional risk when patients are transferred between long-term acute care hospitals and acute care hospitals.
authors.affiliation: Chicago Department of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. Weaver_Kingsley@cdph.org
authors.forename: Kingsley N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: Roderick C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Albright
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Carlos H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Zambrano
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costello
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Havel
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Susan I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Gerber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D041965:Flavobacteriaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D045826:Flavobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D006782:Hospitals, Special / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents