title: Evaluation of EMMPRIN and MMP-2 in the prognosis of primary cutaneous malignant melanoma.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate whether the presence of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and its inducer, extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN), in primary cutaneous malignant melanoma (PCMM) might help to predict patient prognosis. Immunohistochemical staining was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of PCMM from 150 patients. Association of clinical variables (gender, age, tumor location, thickness, Clark level and AJCC stage) with EMMPRIN and MMP-2 expression were analyzed by Fisher's exact test. Survival rates were subsequently estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using the log-rank test. The expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-2 was detected in 117/150 (78.0%) and 115/150 (76.7%) of patients with PCMM, respectively. Higher positive rates of both EMMPRIN and MMP-2 expression were significantly correlated with increased tumor thickness (both P=0.004), higher Clark level (P=0.02 and 0.03) and higher AJCC stage (both P=0.006). A significant correlation was found between the expression of EMMPRIN and MMP-2 in PCMM (r=0.89, P=0.01). Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that patients who had EMMPRIN+/MMP-2+ expression had a significantly decreased 3-year disease-free survival (P=0.005) and 5-year overall survival (P=0.006). In multivariate analyses, tumor thickness and EMMPRIN+/MMP-2+ co-expression were the significant predictors of clinical outcome. EMMPRIN and MMP-2 may be independent biomarkers for disease recurrence and overall survival in patients with PCMM. A combined detection of EMMPRIN/MMP-2 co-expression may benefit us in prediction of a poor survival of PCMM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burns and Plastic, The 3rd Hospital of Central South University, 410013, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Tiefu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D051926:Basigin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: C497886:BSG protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051926:Basigin; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2