title: The 'relics of Joan of Arc': a forensic multidisciplinary analysis.
abstract: Archaeological remains can provide concrete cases, making it possible to develop, refine or validate medico-legal techniques. In the case of the so-called 'Joan of Arc's relics' (a group of bone and archaeological remains known as the 'Bottle of Chinon'), 14 specialists analysed the samples such as a cadaver X of carbonised aspect: forensic anthropologist, medical examiners, pathologists, geneticists, radiologist, biochemists, palynologists, zoologist and archaeologist. Materials, methods and results of this study are presented here. This study aims to offer an exploitable methodology for the modern medico-legal cases of small quantities of human bones of carbonised aspect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Medicine and Pathology, University Hospital Raymond Poincaré (AP-HP, UVSQ), Garches, France. ph_charlier@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Charlier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poupon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eb
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Mazancourt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Huynh-Charlier
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Loublier
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Verhille
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moulheirat
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patou-Mathis
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robbiola
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montagut
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Masson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Etcheberry
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brun
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Willerslev
authors.forename: G Lorin
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: de la Grandmaison
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durigon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002415:Cats; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D055700:Cremation; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D004602:Elements; D005197:Famous Persons; D018732:Forensic Anthropology / Q000379:methods*; D005602:France; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009106:Mummies / Q000473:pathology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D004602:Elements; D004247:DNA