title: Evolution from BCS to Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless superfluidity in one-dimensional optical lattices.
abstract: We analyze the finite temperature phase diagram of fermion mixtures in one-dimensional optical lattices as a function of interaction strength. At low temperatures, the system evolves from an anisotropic three-dimensional Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superfluid to an effectively two-dimensional Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) superfluid as the interaction strength increases. We calculate the critical temperature as a function of interaction strength, and identify the region where the dimensional crossover occurs for a specified optical lattice potential. Finally, we show that the dominant vortex excitations near the critical temperature evolve from multiplane elliptical vortex loops in the three-dimensional regime to planar vortex-antivortex pairs in the two-dimensional regime, and we propose a detection scheme for these excitations.
authors.affiliation: Joint Quantum Institute, NIST and University of Maryland, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8423, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iskin
authors.forename: C A R
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sá de Melo