Hepatocellular integrity after parenteral nutrition: comparison of a fish-oil-containing lipid emulsion with an olive-soybean oil-based lipid emulsion.
OBJECTIVE
Parenteral nutrition including lipids might be associated with liver disease. The cause leading to parenteral nutrition-related liver dysfunction remains largely unknown but is likely to be multifactorial. The study was performed to assess the effects of a lipid emulsion based on soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive and fish oil (SMOFlipid20%) compared with a lipid emulsion based on olive and soybean oil on hepatic integrity.


METHODS
In a prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial, 44 postoperative patients with an indication for parenteral nutrition were allocated to one of two regimens: group A (n = 22) received SMOFlipid, group B (n = 22) a lipid emulsion based on olive and soybean oil for 5 days. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanin-aminotransferase, and serum alpha-glutathion S-transferase were measured before the start of parenteral nutrition (d0), at day 2 (d2), and day 5 (d5) after the start of parenteral nutrition. The significance level was defined at a P value of less than 0.05.


RESULTS
There was no significant difference at d0, but at d2 and d5, significantly lower aspartate aminotransferase (d2: group A: 27 +/- 13 vs. group B: 47 +/- 36 U l(-1); d5: A: 31 +/- 14 vs. B: 56 +/- 45 U l(-1)), alanin-aminotransferase (d2: A: 20 +/- 12 vs. B: 42 +/- 39 U l(-1); d5: A: 26 +/- 15 vs. B: 49 +/- 44 U l(-1)), and alpha-glutathion S-transferase levels (d2: A: 5 +/- 6 vs. B: 17 +/- 21 U l(-1); d5: A: 6 +/- 7 vs. B: 24 +/- 27 microg l(-1)) were found in soybean oil, medium-chain triglycerides, olive and fish oil group compared with the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Hepatic integrity was well retained with the administration of SMOFlipid whereas in patients receiving a lipid emulsion based on olive and soybean oil liver enzymes were elevated indicating a lower liver tolerability.
Piper
Swen N
SN
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Stadtkrankenhaus Frankenthal (Pfalz), Elsa-Brändström-Strasse 1, D-67227 Frankenthal, Germany. swen.n.piper@t-online.de
Schade
Ingo
I
Beschmann
Ralf B
RB
Maleck
Wolfgang H
WH
Boldt
Joachim
J
Röhm
Kerstin D
KD
D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004655:Emulsions; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood
D004655:Emulsions; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005395:Fish Oils; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D013024:Soybean Oil; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase