title: Long-term mortality after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for high-risk myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) has evolved, including the introduction of stents and platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors (GPI). The effects of these changes and other variables on long-term survival for a single-centre service were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective database of clinical and angiographic variables were kept for patients treated with PPCI in Waikato Hospital from 1996 to 2006 (n=527). This was analysed with long-term mortality data. Survival was recorded using Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariate analysis of factors at presentation, including ethnicity was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  5, 8 & 10-year survival rates were 76.5% (n=274), 72.7% (n=125) & 71.0% (n=19) respectively. Increased stent (42.8% vs. 84.1%, p<0.001) and GPI (39.6% vs. 73.3%, p<0.001) use was seen between early and late stages of the study. Stent use was associated with greater 5-year survival (80.5% vs. 70.8%, p=0.02), but GPI use was not. Multivariate analysis showed stent use independently predicted reduced mortality. Age, Maori ethnicity, renal failure and cardiogenic shock predicted higher mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival after PPCI remains high long-term. Stent and GPI use significantly increased. Stent, but not GPI, use was associated with improved survival. Maori ethnicity was under-represented in the study and is associated with worse long-term outcomes after myocardial infarction (MI).
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Department, James Cook University Hospital, Middlesbrough TS4 3BW, United Kingdom. neil.swanson@stees.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Neil M G
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Gerry P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Devlin
authors.forename: Gaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dutu
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nunn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D016208:Databases, Factual; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex