title: DNA repair gene polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in South Australia--results of a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes may impact on DNA damage, and cancer risk. To elucidate the role of SNPs in DNA repair genes in prostate cancer (PC) we conducted a case-control study comprising of 118 Caucasian men affected with late onset PC and 132 age-matched healthy controls from South Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the association between PC risk with nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in 5 genes involved in 3 DNA-repair pathways: (1) base excision repair (BER): hOGG1 C1245G (Ser326Cys) and XRCC1 G28152A (Arg399Gln); (2) nucleotide excision repair (NER): XPD G23591A (Asp312Asn); (3) homologous recombination repair: RAD51 G135C (in 5' untranslated region) and XRCC3 C18067T (Thr241Met).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate cancer risk was significantly increased only for carriers of the G allele of the C1245G polymorphism in the hOGG1 gene (OR = 2.28; 95% CI = 1.36-3.83; P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that this common nsSNP in a gene involved in repair of oxidative damage to DNA may contribute to PC susceptibility in South Australian men.
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO)-Food and Nutritional Sciences, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Varinderpal S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Dhillon
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yeoh
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fenech
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase / Q000235:genetics; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C110901:X-ray repair cross complementing protein 3; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein; C497292:ERCC2 protein, human