title: Global analysis of mutual interaction surfaces of nucleosomes with comprehensive point mutants.
abstract: The surfaces of core histones in nucleosome are exposed as required for factor recognition, or buried for histone-DNA and histone-histone interactions. To understand the mechanisms by which nucleosome structure and function are coordinately altered in DNA-mediated reactions, it is essential to define the roles of both exposed and buried residues and their functional relationships. For this purpose, we developed GLASP (GLobal Analysis of Surfaces by Point mutation) and GLAMP (GLobal Analysis of Mutual interaction surfaces of multi-subunit protein complex by Point mutation) strategies, both of which are comprehensive analyses by point mutagenesis of exposed and buried residues in nucleosome, respectively. Four distinct DNA-mediated reactions evaluated by Ty suppression (the Spt(-) phenotype), and sensitivities to 6-azauracil (6AU), hydroxyurea (HU), and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), require common and different GLAMP residues. Mutated GLAMP residues at the interface between histones H2A and H2B mainly affect the Spt(-) phenotype but not HU and MMS sensitivities. Interestingly, among the mutated GLAMP residues surrounding the histone H3-H3' interface, some equally affect the Spt(-) phenotype, and HU and MMS sensitivities, whereas others differentially affect the Spt(-) phenotype, and HU and MMS sensitivities. Based on these and other results, the functional relationships among chromatin factors and GLASP and GLAMP residues provide insights into nucleosome disassembly/assembly processes in DNA-mediated reactions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Shuhei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Takemi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes