In vitro solubility of calcium, iron and zinc in relation to phytic acid levels in rice-based consumer products in China.
In vitro solubility of calcium, iron and zinc in relation to phytic acid (PA) levels in 30 commercial rice-based foods from China was studied. Solubility of minerals and molar ratios of PA to minerals varied with degrees of processing. In primary products, [PA]/[Ca] values were less than 5 and [PA]/[Fe] and [PA]/[Zn] similarly ranged between 5 and 74, with most values between 20 and 30. [PA]/[mineral] molar ratios in intensively processed products were lower. Solubility of calcium ranged from 0% to 87%, with the lowest in brown rice (12%) and the highest in infant foods (50%). Iron solubility in two-thirds of samples was lower than 30%, and that of zinc narrowly ranged from 6% to 30%. Solubility of minerals was not significantly affected by [PA]/[mineral]. At present, neither primary nor intensively processed rice-based products are good dietary sources of minerals. Improvements should be attempted by dephytinization, mineral fortification or, preferably, combination of both.
Liang
Jianfen
J
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China. liangjf@cau.edu.cn
Han
Bei-Zhong
BZ
Nout
M J Robert
MJ
Hamer
Robert J
RJ
D001682:Biological Availability; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002681:China; D005511:Food Handling; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D008903:Minerals; D010833:Phytic Acid; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc; D002118:Calcium