title: Integrating molecular profiling, histological type and other variables: defining the fingerprint of responsiveness to treatment.
abstract: The landscape of prognostication and prediction of responsiveness to systemic therapy for breast cancer patients has been recently enriched by the development of molecular assays, which enable to explore the whole universe of gene expression in the tumour cells and to unveil new prognostic and predictive markers. These molecular markers might well be used in combination with the established ones to address the many open questions that still pave the way to a truly personalized treatment. The actual clinical utility of the molecular assays is being tested in randomized clinical trials that require an unprecedented coordination of the activity of clinical investigators, pathologists and translational researchers worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Oncology, University of Milan School of Medicine, Via Ripamonti 435, Milan, Italy. giuseppe.viale@ieo.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viale
mesh_terms: D001681:Biological Assay; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen