title: Peripheral modulation of worker bee responses to queen mandibular pheromone.
abstract: It is generally accepted that young worker bees (Apis mellifera L.) are highly attracted to queen mandibular pheromone (QMP). Our results challenge this widely held view. We have found that unless young workers are exposed to QMP early in adult life, they, like foragers, avoid contact with this pheromone. Our data indicate that responses to QMP are regulated peripherally, at the level of the antennal sensory neurons, and that a window of opportunity exists in which QMP can alter a young bee's response to this critically important pheromone. Exposing young bees to QMP from the time of adult emergence reduces expression in the antennae of the D1-like dopamine receptor gene, Amdop1. Levels of Amdop3 transcript, on the other hand, and of the octopamine receptor gene Amoa1, are significantly higher in the antennae of bees strongly attracted to QMP than in bees showing no attraction to this pheromone. A decline in QMP attraction with age is accompanied by a fall in expression in worker antennae of the D2-like dopamine receptor, AmDOP3, a receptor that is selectively activated by QMP. Taken together, our findings suggest that QMP's actions peripherally not only suppress avoidance behavior, but also enhance attraction to QMP, thereby facilitating attendance of the queen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Vanina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vergoz
authors.forename: H James
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: McQuillan
authors.forename: Lisa H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Geddes
authors.forename: Kiri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pullar
authors.forename: Brad J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Paulin
authors.forename: Alison R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Mercer
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008334:Mandible / Q000378:metabolism*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D010675:Pheromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D010675:Pheromones