title: Platypnea-orthodeoxia, an uncommon presentation of patent foramen ovale.
abstract: The platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome is a rare clinical presentation. The differential diagnosis is short and includes cardiac, hepatic, and pulmonary causes, with right-to-left intracardiac shunt being the most common. A secondary process is usually present in conjunction with an intracardiac shunt in order for platypnea and orthodeoxia to develop. We present a 63-year-old man in whom the platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome was associated with a patent foramen ovale and symptoms were manifested by the subacute development of pulmonary arterial hypertension mediated by pulmonary tumor emboli. On postmortem examination, the patient had an underlying poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma. This case provides a concise review of the platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome and pulmonary tumor emboli and stresses the importance of looking for a secondary process in conjunction with an intracardiac shunt in establishing the underlying diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. anatalie@gmail.com
authors.forename: August A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Natalie
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Bump
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000473:pathology