title: The +405 GG variant of vascular endothelial growth factor polymorphism is associated with poor prognosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is associated with systemic response and increased concentrations of numerous cytokines. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) related pathway also seems to be involved in inflammatory response induced by CABG.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyze the association between the VEGF gene +405 G>C polymorphism (linked to serum VEGF production), and the short-term clinical outcome during the in-hospital period (30 days) in patients undergoing CABG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping for VEGF gene +405 G>C polymorphism was performed in 64 patients with coronary artery disease at a mean age of 66 years (76.6% males), with a mean EuroSCORE (European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation) of 2.5 (0-2 points: 50% patients, 3-4: 25%, > or =5 points: 25%), who underwent CABG surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one (33%) patients were homozygous for the +405 G allele, 40 (63%) were heterozygous, and 3 were homozygous for the +405 C allele. Ten patients died during the 30-day follow-up (7 subjects with +405 GG genotype, and the other 3 carriers of the +405 C allele). Using multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk of death after CABG was increased in patients with +405 GG genotype (odds ratio [OR] = 6.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.5-29.4) and with EuroSCORE > or =5 points (OR = 4.4; 95% CI 1.1-18.1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VEGF gene +405 G>C polymorphism might be a prognostic factor of an adverse postoperative course in patients undergoing CABG surgery. Apart from its proangiogenic action, VEGF may have additional, possibly proinflammatory properties.
authors.affiliation: Joseph Dietl Hospital, Kraków, Poland. mpastuszczak@wp.pl
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pastuszczak
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Branicka
authors.forename: Bogdan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jakiela
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stepień
authors.forename: Andrzej K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jaworek
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wojas-Pelc
authors.forename: Bogusław
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kapelak
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sadowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A