title: Wheat germ oil in larval diet influences gene expression in adult oriental fruit fly.
abstract: Culture medium supplemented with wheat germ oil (WGO) causes physiological reactions, such as increased fecundity and mobility, in some insects. Although the impact of WGO on insect physiology is important, the mechanisms of these actions are poorly understood. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that the addition of WGO to medium developed for larval oriental fruit flies modulates gene expression in the corresponding adults. We separately reared larvae of Bactrocera dorsalis on diets lacking or supplemented with WGO, and analyzed for expressed proteins in the resulting adult males and females by 2D-electrophoresis. Analysis of the gels revealed significant changes in expression levels of >70 proteins, 64 of which were identified by mass spectrometric analysis on MALDI-TOF/TOF. Apparent changes in expression levels for 6 of these proteins were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR, showing that the changes in mRNA expression were reflected in changes in protein expression. These findings support the hypothesis that one mechanism of WGO actions in insect nutrition is the modulation of gene expression.
authors.affiliation: USDA, ARS, US Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, 64 Nowelo Street, Hilo, HI 96720, USA. stella.chang@ars.usd.gov
authors.forename: Chiou Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Coudron
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Shiheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Qisheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004435:Eating; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D033621:Tephritidae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D010938:Plant Oils; C050055:wheat germ oil