title: Transnasal endoscopic repair of bilateral congenital choanal atresia: controversies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate current concerns about transnasal endoscopic repair of bilateral congenital choanal atresia, regarding technical difficulties, prognostic factors and important controversies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten infants with bilateral congenital choanal atresia, aged from 3 to 27 days (mean, 11.2 days) were included. All cases underwent transnasal endoscopic repair and were clinically and endoscopically monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the seven patients treated with stenting, five remained patent and two required minor debridement (with complete patency thereafter). Of the three patients treated without stenting, one remained patent and two required minor debridement (with patency thereafter).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transnasal endoscopic repair of bilateral congenital choanal atresia is a safe and successful technique. The use of powered instrumentation in neonatal patients requires experience and a correctly sized drill. Stenting with an appropriate nasal tube for a suitable period is favoured, especially in hospitalised patients.
authors.affiliation: ORL Department, Mansoura University Hospital, Mansoura University, Elteraa Rd, abo Hanifa St, Mansoura, Egypt. heshameladl@mans.edu.eg
authors.forename: Hesham Mohammad
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Eladl
mesh_terms: D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome