Dual oxidases and hydrogen peroxide in a complex dialogue between host mucosae and bacteria.
Among the host defense mechanisms against bacteria, leukocyte phagocytosis leads to their hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-mediated destruction. The recent discovery of dual oxidase (DUOX)-dependent H(2)O(2) generation associated with peroxidase and thiocyanate secretion at the apex of mucosal cells has been similarly interpreted as a killing mechanism. However, the rapid degradation of H(2)O(2) would be expected to reduce the efficiency of this system. It has been demonstrated that H(2)O(2) acts as a chemorepellent for bacteria, and such an effect might be sufficient to block cellular infection. Therefore, H(2)O(2) generation might represent one of the mechanisms that allows the coexistence of mucosae with potentially harmful bacteria. Here, we discuss the possible role of DUOXes and H(2)O(2) in interactions between host mucosae and bacteria to maintain mucosal homeostasis.
Allaoui
Abdelmounaaïm
A
Laboratoire de Bactériologie Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Campus Erasme, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.
Botteaux
Anne
A
Dumont
Jacques E
JE
Hoste
Candice
C
De Deken
Xavier
X
D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006706:Homeostasis; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000378:metabolism
D013861:Thiocyanates; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D010544:Peroxidases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C431513:DUOX1 protein, human