title: Structures of BIR domains from human NAIP and cIAP2.
abstract: The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins contains key modulators of apoptosis and inflammation that interact with caspases through baculovirus IAP-repeat (BIR) domains. Overexpression of IAP proteins frequently occurs in cancer cells, thus counteracting the activated apoptotic program. The IAP proteins have therefore emerged as promising targets for cancer therapy. In this work, X-ray crystallography was used to determine the first structures of BIR domains from human NAIP and cIAP2. Both structures harbour an N-terminal tetrapeptide in the conserved peptide-binding groove. The structures reveal that these two proteins bind the tetrapeptides in a similar mode as do other BIR domains. Detailed interactions are described for the P1'-P4' side chains of the peptide, providing a structural basis for peptide-specific recognition. An arginine side chain in the P3' position reveals favourable interactions with its hydrophobic moiety in the binding pocket, while hydrophobic residues in the P2' and P4' pockets make similar interactions to those seen in other BIR domain-peptide complexes. The structures also reveal how a serine in the P1' position is accommodated in the binding pockets of NAIP and cIAP2. In addition to shedding light on the specificity determinants of these two proteins, the structures should now also provide a framework for future structure-based work targeting these proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maria Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moche
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flodin
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welin
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trésaugues
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nordlund
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nyman
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000075747:Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051616:Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D051616:Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein; C494832:BIRC3 protein, human; D000075747:Baculoviral IAP Repeat-Containing 3 Protein; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases