title: Evaluation of occipitocervical subluxation in rheumatoid arthritis patients, using coronal-view reconstructive computed tomography.
abstract: METHODS
  Reconstructive computed tomography (CT) study of occipito-atlanto and atlantoaxial joints in RA patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The occipitocervical region is one of the most common sites of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although lateral radiography has been used for the diagnosis of atlantoaxial subluxation and vertical subluxation, reconstructive CT imaging of the occipito-atlanto and atlantoaxial joints is more sensitive in detecting morphologic changes in this region. We investigated this region in RA patients, using coronal-view reconstructive CT images, and examined the relationship between the morphology and other radiographic parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The occipitocervical region was examined in 58 female RA patients by reconstructive CT, plain radiography, and MRI. The degree of destructive change on reconstructive CT was compared to that on other radiographic evaluations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Coronal-view reconstructive CT revealed primary destructive changes before detection by lateral radiography, using Redlund-Johnell or Ranawat values. A Redlund-Johnell value less than 34 mm was diagnostic for occipitocervical subluxation in female RA patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coronal-view reconstructive CT is useful for the diagnosis of occipitocervical joint subluxation in RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kagoshima University Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryusaku
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagayoshi
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ijiri
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takenouchi
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taketomi
authors.forename: Harutoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakakima
authors.forename: Setsuro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001175:Arthrography / Q000379:methods; D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001269:Atlanto-Occipital Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001368:Axis, Cervical Vertebra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001270:Cervical Atlas / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009777:Occipital Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology