IL-33: a tissue derived cytokine pathway involved in allergic inflammation and asthma.
Besides classic T cell-derived T-helper type 2 (Th2) cytokines such as IL-4, IL-5 and IL-13, tissue-produced cytokines such as thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL-25 and IL-33 are now recognized as important contributors to allergic inflammation. IL-33 is produced by various tissue dwelling cells and broadly enhances allergic inflammation through its effects on hematopoietic cell types. The environmental or endogenous triggers that provoke IL-33 cellular release may be associated with infection, inflammation or tissue damage. This review summarizes the wide range of documented IL-33 activities on human cellular mediators of inflammation as well as genetic evidence that IL-33 contributes to disease. Finally, there will be a discussion of still unanswered questions regarding the mechanisms by which cytokine activity is generated and IL-33's relationship with other Th2-associated cytokines.
Smith
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Department of Inflammation Research, Amgen, Seattle, WA 98119, USA. smithde@amgen.com
D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology*
C506536:IL33 protein, human; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D007378:Interleukins