title: Genetic polymorphism c.1562C>T of the MMP-9 is associated with macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) c.1562C>T polymorphism has an effect on the plasma MMP-9 levels and the macroangiopathic complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypes and allelic frequencies of the MMP-9 c.1562C>T were examined with polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism in 320 patients with T2DM and 160 unrelated healthy subjects. The plasma concentrations of MMP-9 were determined in all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean plasma concentrations of MMP-9 of patients with T2DM were significantly higher than that of controls and the plasma levels of MMP-9 were higher in diabetic patients with macroangiopathy than in patients without macroangiopathy (P<0.05). The genotype (CC, CT, and TT) distribution of c.1562C>T polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene was 60.0%, 31.3%, and 8.8% in diabetic patients with macroangiopathy, 76.3%, 21.3%, and 2.5% in patients without macroangiopathy, and 77.5%, 21.3%, 1.3% in controls, respectively, a significant difference was found between diabetic patients with and without macroangiopathy (P<0.05). The frequency of the allele T was higher in patients with macroangiopathy than in patients without macroangiopathy (24.4% vs 13.1%; P<0.05). Moreover, the plasma MMP-9 levels were markedly higher in patients with TT genotype than those with CC or CT genotype in patients with macroangiopathy (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MMP-9 c.1562C>T gene polymorphism associated with a predisposition to increased plasma MMP-9 levels could constitute a useful predictive marker for diabetic macroangiopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Post Rd Nangang Region, Heilongjiang, Harbin 150001, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Shang-Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Guo-Dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9