title: Early and intermediate outcome after anatomic repair of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anatomic repair of congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries has become a useful surgical strategy with potential advantages over conventional surgical repair. We describe early and intermediate outcomes after anatomic repair and analyze potential risk factors influencing these outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed on all patients undergoing anatomic repair between January 1993 and January 2009. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. Variables potentially associated with outcome were identified a priori. Bivariate analyses were performed to determine the association between these variables and all outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 65 patients who underwent anatomic repair, 35 had Senning/arterial switch and 30 had Senning/Rastelli. Early and intermediate survival rates for Senning/arterial switch operations were 94% and 91%, respectively. Repairs were successful in patients with tricuspid regurgitation, left ventricular outflow obstruction, and left ventricular dysfunction. Predictors of outcome were not identified in this subset. Early and intermediate survival rates for Senning/Rastelli operations were 77% and 60%, respectively. Longer aortic cross-clamp (p = 0.03) and cardiopulmonary bypass times (p = 0.01) were associated with mortality. Ventricular septal defect enlargement was associated with surgical heart block (p < 0.01). Age, prior procedures, atrial-apical discordance, and tricuspid regurgitation were not associated with outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Senning/arterial switch operations can be performed with excellent intermediate-term outcomes in patients with lesions previously thought to confer higher risk. Candidates for Senning/Rastelli procedures may be at increased risk for postoperative morbidity and mortality. More data are necessary to determine factors influencing outcome after anatomic repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. mgaies@med.umich.edu
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Gaies
authors.forename: Caren S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ohye
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Devaney
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Bove
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D017052:Hospital Mortality / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult