title: p57KIP2: "Kip"ing the cell under control.
abstract: p57(KIP2) is an imprinted gene located at the chromosomal locus 11p15.5. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor belonging to the CIP/KIP family, which includes additionally p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1). It is the least studied CIP/KIP member and has a unique role in embryogenesis. p57(KIP2) regulates the cell cycle, although novel functions have been attributed to this protein including cytoskeletal organization. Molecular analysis of animal models and patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome have shown its nodal implication in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. p57(KIP2) is frequently down-regulated in many common human malignancies through several mechanisms, denoting its anti-oncogenic function. This review is a thorough analysis of data available on p57(KIP2), in relation to p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1), on gene and protein structure, its transcriptional and translational regulation, and its role in human physiology and pathology, focusing on cancer development.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Pateras
authors.forename: Kalliopi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Apostolopoulou
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niforou
authors.forename: Athanassios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotsinas
authors.forename: Vassilis G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Gorgoulis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D012333:RNA, Messenger