title: Polysaccharides from Sargassum tenerrimum: structural features, chemical modification and anti-viral activity.
abstract: Herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) display affinity for cell-surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans with biological relevance in virus entry. Here, we exploit an approach to inhibiting HSV infection by using a sulfated fucoidan, and a guluronic acid-rich alginate derived from Sargassum tenerrimum, mimicking the active domain of the entry receptor. These macromolecules have apparent molecular masses of 30+/-5 and 26+/-5 kDa, respectively. They and their chemically sulfated derivatives showed activity against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). Their inhibitory concentration 50% (IC(50)) values were in the range 0.5-15 microg/ml and they lacked cytotoxicity at concentrations up to 1000 microg/ml. The anti-HSV activity increased with increasing sulfate ester content. Our results suggest the feasibility of inhibiting HSV infection by blocking viral entry with polysaccharide having specific structure.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India.
authors.forename: Sharmistha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Akram
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astani
authors.forename: Tuhin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schnitzler
authors.forename: Bimalendu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000882:Haplorhini; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044647:Sargassum / Q000737:chemistry*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D016662:Virus Integration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; C007896:guluronic acid; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; C007789:fucoidan