title: Pathological findings and prostate-specific antigen outcomes after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for high-risk prostate cancer.
abstract: METHODS
  Therapy (case series) Level of Evidence 4.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the biochemical recurrence-free survival (RFS) rates of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) in patients with a high risk of disease progression as defined by preoperative criteria of D'Amico et al.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2000 and May 2008, 110 patients had extraperitoneal LRP and bilateral pelvic lymph node sampling for high-risk prostate cancer in our department. High-risk prostate cancer was defined as a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level of >20 ng/mL, and/or a biopsy Gleason score >or=8, and/or a clinical stage of T2c-T4 stage. The median follow-up was 37.6 months. Risk factors for time to biochemical recurrence were tested using log-rank survivorship analysis and Cox proportional hazards regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate cancer was organ-confined in 36% of patients; the Overall RFS was 79.4% and 69.8% at 1 and 3 years, respectively. The 3-year RFS rates for organ-confined cancer vs extracapsular extension were 100% and 54.3%, respectively (P < 0.001). The 3-year RFS rates for tumour-free seminal vesicle vs seminal vesicle invasion were 81.8% and 33.6%, respectively (P < 0.001). The 3-year RFS rates for negative surgical margins vs positive were 85.2% and 47.3%, respectively (P = 0.001). Compared with men with any single pathological risk factor or any two risk factors, men with all three risk factors had a significantly shorter time to PSA failure after LRP (log-rank test, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients at increased risk of disease progression as defined by preoperative criteria, a third of men with organ-confined disease have a favourable prognosis. Men at high risk for early PSA failure could be better identified by pathological assessment of RP specimens, and selected for phase III randomized trials investigating adjuvant systemic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, APHP, CHU Henri Mondor, INSERM U955 EQ07, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ploussard
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Allory
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vordos
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoznek
authors.forename: Claude-Clément
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Abbou
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vacherot
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Taille
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011467:Prostate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen