title: Antioxidant effects of some drugs on immobilization stress combined with cold restraint stress.
abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate the effect on antioxidant potential of some commonly used drugs (morphine, tramadol, bromocriptine, haloperidol and azithromycin) on immobilization stress (IS) combined with cold restraint stress (CRS) in the rat. After the drug treatment the animals were kept immobilized in the cold chamber at 4+/-0.3 degrees C for 3 hours and then decapitaed and the livers were extracted. The following parameters were determined in the liver homogenate: content of reduced glutathione, activities of catalase, xanthine oxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, peroxidase, and lipid peroxidation intensity. A battery of biochemical assays was used and the resulting data were statistically analyzed. Combined stress exhibited a prooxidative action (increased catalase activity, lowered content of reduced glutathione). Significantly enhanced catalase activity that was observed in all groups compared to the control indicates that the primary reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolite is hydrogen peroxide, which decomposes very rapidly (very high catalase activity), thus hindering formation of OH radicals as the most toxic ROS. None of the tested drugs showed a protective effect on combined IS and CRS. The intensity of lipid peroxidation did not change either in the combined stress or under additional influence of the drugs. Probably, under our experimental conditions, the time was not sufficiently long to observe damage of lipid membrane by ROS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia. popovic@ih.ns.ac.yu
authors.forename: Mira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.forename: Snezana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janicijevic-Hudomal
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaurinovic
authors.forename: Julijana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rasic
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trivic
authors.forename: Matilda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vojnović
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007103:Immobilization / Q000502:physiology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014147:Tramadol; D001971:Bromocriptine; D009020:Morphine; D017963:Azithromycin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D006220:Haloperidol