title: Technical note: Validation of a system for monitoring rumination in dairy cows.
abstract: Increased rumination in dairy cattle has been associated with increased saliva production and improved rumen health. Most estimates of rumination are based on direct visual observations. Recently, an electronic system was developed that allows for automated monitoring of rumination in cattle. The objective was to validate the data generated by this electronic (Hi-Tag, SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya, Israel) rumination monitoring system. Assessments of 2 independent observers were highly correlated (r = 0.99, n = 23), indicating that direct human observations were suitable as the reference method. Measures from the Hi-Tag electronic system were validated by comparing values with those from a human observer for fifty-one 2-h observation periods from 27 Holstein cows. Rumination times (35.1 +/- 3.2 min) from the electronic system were highly correlated with those from direct observation (r = 0.93, R(2) = 0.87, n = 51), indicating that the electronic system was an accurate tool for monitoring this behavior in dairy cows.
authors.affiliation: Animal Welfare Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, 2357 Main Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schirmann
authors.forename: M A G
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: von Keyserlingk
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Weary
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Veira
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Heuwieser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D003612:Dairying / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001330:Electronic Data Processing / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012417:Rumen / Q000502:physiology*