title: Therapeutic ultrasound-enhanced thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: Thrombolytic therapy is widely used to treat the patients with ST elevation acute myocardial infarction (STE-MI). Due to logistic and economic reasons, only 10% of patients with acute myocardial infarction can be treated with the percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Optimal flow (TIMI (Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction) 3 flow) is achieved in only about 60% of cases by enzymatic thrombolysis. Therapeutic ultrasound (US) exerts an effect on thrombolysis by micromechanical processes or indirectly by supporting enzymatic thrombolysis. This review examines relevant experimental and clinical published data. Technical issues in therapeutic US-enhanced thrombolysis in patients with acute myocardial infarction and advancements of the techniques during recent 10 years are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Cardiac Center of Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. xshen@cardiac.creighton.edu
authors.lastname: Xuedong Shen
authors.forename: Chandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: Aryan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mooss
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arouni
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Esterbrooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*