title: New process of chemical grafting of cellulose nanoparticles with a long chain isocyanate.
abstract: Cellulose nanocrystals (or whiskers) and microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) were successfully obtained from sisal fibers and modified with n-octadecyl isocyanate (C(18)H(37)NCO) using two different methods with one innovation that consists of an in situ solvent exchange procedure. The surface chemical modification was characterized by elemental analysis, as well as FTIR and XPS spectroscopies. The crystalline structure of both unmodified and modified nanoparticles was investigated through X-ray diffraction measurements. It was shown that the efficiency of the chemical modification is strongly dependent on the nature of the nanoparticle with explanation linked to specific area, ability of peeling, and solvent dispersion. The surface chemical modification with n-octadecyl isocyanate allows dispersion of the nanoparticles in organic solvents and may allow processing of nanocomposite films from a casting/evaporation technique for a broad range of polymeric matrices.
authors.affiliation: Grenoble Institute of Technology (INP), The International School of Paper, Print Media and Biomaterials (Pagora), 461 rue de la Papeterie, BP 65, F-38402 Saint Martin d'Hères Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bras
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dufresne
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D017953:Isocyanates / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014520:Urethane / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D017953:Isocyanates; D012997:Solvents; D014520:Urethane; D002482:Cellulose