title: Characterization of double ring chromosome 4 mosaicism associated with bilateral hip dislocation, cortical dysgenesis, and epilepsy.
abstract: We present the clinical and molecular findings in a Turkish child with a de novo mosaic ring derived from chromosome 4 with multiple cell-lines; the karyotype was 46,XY,r(4)[83]/45,XY, -4[6]/47,XY,r(4),+r(4)[5]/48,XY,r(4),+r(4),+dic r(4)[1]/46,XY[5]. The patient is a 20-month-old male who was the first pregnancy of nonconsanguineous parents. The baby was delivered at term with a birth weight of 1,700 g (<3rd centile) and a length of 46 cm. The baby had feeding difficulties and vomiting problems. He started walking at age 2 years and delayed language was observed. Facial appearance was normal, but the ears were large with abnormal structure. The hands showed bilateral clinodactyly of the 5th fingers. He had mild mental retardation, and epilepsy. Analysis of chromosomes showed 46,XY,r(4)(::p16.3 --> qter::)[67]/46,XY,r(4;4)(::p16.3 --> qter::p16.3 --> qter::)[2]/46,XY[3] by multicolor banding (MCB) technique. Array CGH delineated the size of the terminal deletion as 900 kb in 4p16.3. The Wolf-Hirschhorn critical region was preserved even though our patient had mild mental and motor retardation. While the mosaicism of the ring 4 could affect the phenotype, the deleted 900 kb distal deletion and clinical features of the patient may provide further insight into characteristic phenotype of the 4p- related syndromes.
authors.affiliation: Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Genetics, Morfoloji Binasi Ali Cetinkaya Kampüsü Izmir yolu 8.km., 03200 Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. yasemin_soysal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Soysal
authors.forename: Sevim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balci
authors.forename: Kuyaş
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hekimler
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liehr
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ewers
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoumans
authors.forename: The-Hung
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Bui
authors.forename: Fadime Mutlu
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Içduygu
authors.forename: Nadezda
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kosyakova
authors.forename: Necat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imirzalioğlu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002871:Chromosome Banding; D002894:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 4 / Q000235:genetics*; D055028:Comparative Genomic Hybridization; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006617:Hip Dislocation / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007621:Karyotyping; D008297:Male; D009030:Mosaicism; D011247:Pregnancy; D012303:Ring Chromosomes