title: Cardiac stem cell genetic engineering using the alphaMHC promoter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cardiac stem cells (CSCs) show potential as a cellular therapeutic approach to blunt tissue damage and facilitate reparative and regenerative processes after myocardial infarction. Despite multiple published reports of improvement, functional benefits remain modest using normal stem cells delivered by adoptive transfer into damaged myocardium. The goal of this study is to enhance survival and proliferation of CSCs that have undergone lineage commitment in early phases as evidenced by expression of proteins driven by the alpha-myosin heavy chain (alphaMHC) promoter. The early increased expression of survival kinases augments expansion of the cardiogenic CSC pool and subsequent daughter progeny.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normal CSCs engineered with fluorescent reporter protein constructs under control of the alphaMHC promoter show transgene protein expression, confirming activity of the promoter in CSCs. Cultured CSCs from both nontransgenic and cardiac-specific transgenic mice expressing survival kinases driven by the alphaMHC promoter were analyzed to characterize transgene expression following treatments to promote differentiation in culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic genes controlled by the alphaMHC promoter can be engineered into and expressed in CSCs and cardiomyocyte progeny with the goal of improving the efficacy of cardiac stem cell therapy.
authors.affiliation: San Diego State University, SDSU Heart Institute, Department of Biology, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
authors.forename: Brandi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Izarra
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Kimberlee M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Cottage
authors.forename: Pearl
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quijada
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Díez-Juan
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sussman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1 / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D019076:Transgenes / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C496636:Pim1 protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains