title: [An unknown but potentially serious side effect of proton pump inhibitors: hypomagnesaemia].
abstract: Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors can lead to serious hypomagnesaemia. Intestinal magnesium absorption takes place by passive paracellular and active transcellular transport. It has been hypothesized that proton pump inhibitors impair the active transcellular magnesium transport. The resulting hypomagnesaemia may cause hypoparathyroidism, hypocalcaemia and hypokalaemia. Proton pump inhibitor-induced hypomagnesaemia is reversible: it resolves when proton pump inhibitors are stopped. The indication for long-term proton pump inhibitor treatment should be evaluated periodically.
authors.affiliation: Medisch Spectrum Twente, afd. Interne Geneeskunde, Enschede, The Netherlands. j.doornebal@mst.nl
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doornebal
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bijlsma
authors.forename: René M L
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Brouwer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D007011:Hypoparathyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D008274:Magnesium; D009853:Omeprazole