Compensatory rationalizations and the resolution of everyday undeserved outcomes.
People prefer to perceive the world as just; however, the everyday experience of undeserved events challenges this perception.The authors suggest that one way people rationalize these daily experiences of unfairness is by means of a compensatory bias. People make undeserved events more palatable by endorsing the notion that outcomes naturally balance out in the end--good, yet undeserved, outcomes will balance out bad outcomes, and bad undeserved outcomes will balance out good outcomes.The authors propose that compensatory biases manifest in people's interpretive processes (Study 1) and memory (Study 2). Furthermore, they provide evidence that people have a natural tendency to anticipate compensatory outcomes in the future, which, ironically, might lead them to perceive a current situation as relatively more fair (Study 3).These studies highlight an understudied means of justifying unfairness and elucidate the justice motive's power to affect people's construal of their social world.
Gaucher
Danielle
D
Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Ave., Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada. dgaucher@uwaterloo.ca
Hafer
Carolyn L
CL
Kay
Aaron C
AC
Davidenko
Nicolas
N
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000145:classification*; D009042:Motivation / Q000502:physiology; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011908:Rationalization; D012919:Social Behavior; D012935:Social Justice / Q000523:psychology*; D012938:Social Perception; D013177:Sports / Q000523:psychology; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology