title: Progression of native lung fibrosis in lung transplant recipients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Single lung transplant recipients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis provide an opportunity to study fibrosis in the native lung over time in the setting of pronounced immunosuppression. Lung transplant patients are treated with a regimen of steroids, an antiproliferative agent and a calcineurin inhibitor. This represents a much greater immunosuppression regime than the typical treatment for IPF. To determine whether this regimen of high dose immunosuppression would arrest the progression of fibrosis, the high-resolution chest CT scans (HRCTs) of these patients were reviewed.
  
  
  METHODS
  HRCTs of 21 patients who underwent single lung transplant for IPF between 1/96 and 1/06 were reviewed. Scans were evaluated by two readers at 6 months intervals, beginning within 1-2 months after transplant. Two calculations were made on the native lung: total volume and percentage of lung affected by fibrosis. Baseline pulmonary function test data was correlated with the immediate post-transplant CT. Patients were followed for an average of 35 months after transplant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean total volume of the native lung just after transplant was 1120cc. This decreased to 875cc by 2 years and 691cc by 4 years after transplant, representing an average decline of 10.8%/year. Initially, 52% of the native lung was affected by fibrosis compared to 92% at 4 years. Excluding scans with 100% of the lung affected by fibrosis, percentage fibrosis increased 11% per year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fibrotic disease within the native lung progresses rapidly in single lung transplant recipients with IPF despite prolonged high dose immunosuppression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. brett.elicker@radiology.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Brett M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Elicker
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Golden
authors.forename: Karen G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Ordovas
authors.forename: Lorriana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leard
authors.forename: Todd R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Golden
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hays
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D054990:Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents