title: Cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of endophytic fungi isolated from plants at the National Park, Pahang, Malaysia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endophytes, microorganisms which reside in plant tissues, have potential in producing novel metabolites for exploitation in medicine. Cytotoxic and antibacterial activities of a total of 300 endophytic fungi were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endophytic fungi were isolated from various parts of 43 plants from the National Park Pahang, Malaysia. Extracts from solid state culture were tested for cytotoxicity against a number of cancer cell lines using the MTT assay. Antibacterial activity was determined using the disc diffusion method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 300 endophytes were isolated from various parts of plants from the National Park, Pahang. 3.3% of extracts showed potent (IC50 < 0.01 microg/ml) cytotoxic activity against the murine leukemic P388 cell line and 1.7% against a human chronic myeloid leukemic cell line K562. Sporothrix sp. (KK29FL1) isolated from Costus speciosus showed strong cytotoxicity against colorectal carcinoma (HCT116) and human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7) cell lines with IC50 values of 0.05 microg/ml and 0.02 microg/ml, respectively. Antibacterial activity was demonstrated for 8% of the extracts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate the potential for production of bioactive agents from endophytes of the tropical rainforest flora.
authors.affiliation: Universiti Teknologi MARA, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia. nurulyai@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nurul A M N
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hazalin
authors.forename: Kalavathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramasamy
authors.forename: Siong Meng
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ibtisam Abdul
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Wahab
authors.forename: Anthony L J
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Abu Bakar
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abdul Majeed
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005658:Fungi / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008296:Malaysia; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic