title: Does an outcome-based approach to continuing medical education improve physicians' competences in rational prescribing?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Continuing medical education (CME) is compulsory in Iran, and traditionally it is lecture-based, which is mostly not successful. Outcome-based education has been proposed for CME programs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of an outcome-based educational intervention with a new approach based on outcomes and aligned teaching methods, on knowledge and skills of general physicians (GPs) working in primary care compared with a concurrent CME program in the field of "Rational prescribing".
  
  
  METHODS
  The method used was cluster randomized controlled design. All GPs working in six cities in one province in Iran were invited to participate. The cities were matched and randomly divided into an intervention arm for education on rational prescribing with an outcome-based approach, and a control arm for a traditional program on the same topic. Knowledge and skills were assessed using a pre- and post-test, including case scenarios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 112 GPs participated. There were significant improvements in knowledge and prescribing skills after the training in the intervention arm as well as in comparison with the changes in the control arm. The overall intervention effect was 26 percentage units.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of an outcome-based approach in CME appears to be effective when creating programs to improve GPs' knowledge and skills.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Sweden. Hamideh.Mohammadzadeh@ki.se
authors.forename: Hamideh M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Esmaily
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: Rezagoli
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vahidi
authors.forename: Abolghasem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dastgiri
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hult
authors.forename: Lars Owe
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Dahlgren
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wahlstrom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003162:Competency-Based Education; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000592:standards*; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000592:standards*