title: A second-look endoscopy after endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric epithelial neoplasm may be unnecessary: a retrospective analysis of postendoscopic submucosal dissection bleeding.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is one of the curative endoluminal surgical procedures for gastric epithelial neoplasms. There has been little research on bleeding after gastric ESD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate cases of post-ESD bleeding and to verify whether a second-look endoscopy after ESD is effective in the prevention of delayed bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study with consecutive data.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 454 gastric epithelial neoplasms (386 early gastric cancers and 68 gastric adenomas).
  
  
  METHODS
  ESD and second-look endoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Predictors on post-ESD bleeding by univariate analysis, incidence of post-ESD bleedings, and the timing of those before and after second-look endoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post-ESD bleeding occurred in 26 (5.7%) lesions. Gross type (flat or depressed type) was the only factor influencing post-ESD bleeding. All cases of post-ESD bleeding occurred within 14 days after ESD (median 2; range 0-14), and bleeding tended to occur from the lower and upper stomach earlier and later, respectively. In 19 lesions with delayed bleeding more than 24 hours after ESD, the maximum delayed bleeding rates before and after the second-look endoscopy were 2.8% and 2.5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A retrospective, single-center analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A second-look endoscopy after gastric ESD may contribute little to the prevention of delayed bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishiro
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodashima
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Nobutake
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamichi
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004210:Dissection; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D024162:Second-Look Surgery; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019564:Unnecessary Procedures