title: [The effect of seawater on expression of protease-activated receptor 2 in adenocarcinoma of lung cell line A549 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of seawater on expression of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) in adenocarcinoma of lung cell line A549 cells, and the inflammatory injury on A549 cells induced by seawater.
  
  
  METHODS
  A549 cells were randomly divided into four groups: control group, 2 hours group, 4 hours group, 8 hours group, in which cells were treated with seawater for 2, 4 and 8 hours respectively. After seawater treatment, cells were collected for real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting analysis to determine the expression of PAR-2 mRNA and its protein. Supernatant were collected for tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) which were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent essay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of PAR-2 mRNA and protein of A549 cells increased in a time-dependent manner after seawater treatment, significantly so after 2 hours in all groups (both P<0.05), and peaked at 4 hours after seawater treatment (1.8-fold and 2.2-fold respectively, both P<0.01), followed by a decrease though still higher than those of control group significantly (both P<0.01). TNF-alpha and IL-8 in supernatant increased significantly after seawater treatment, peaking at 2 hours after seawater treatment [(214.35+/-20.85) ng/L, (55.86+/- 5.65) ng/L ] and then followed by a slight decrease though still significantly higher than those of control group [(25.86+/-3.85) ng/L, (6.97+/-1.77) ng/L, all P<0.01].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seawater can induce significant inflammation of A549 cells and up-regulate the expression of PAR-2 on A549 cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Gui-sheng
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chang-xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guan-song
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012623:Seawater / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha