title: Lid retraction following glaucoma filtering surgery: a case series and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe 5 cases of lid retraction associated with large cystic glaucoma filtering blebs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case reports and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 5 patients had lid retraction due to glaucoma filtering blebs. Two were successfully managed surgically by graded blepharotomy with resolution of lid retraction and bleb dysesthesia symptoms. Three patients were managed symptomatically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lid retraction due to cystic glaucoma blebs is an unusual entity and a diagnosis of exclusion. The exact pathogenesis of the condition is unclear. Conservative, medical and surgical interventions exist to manage the lid retraction and any associated bleb dysesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Norfolk and Norwich NHS Trust, Ophthalmology, Colney Lane, Norwich, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saldana
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khandwala
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beigi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019882:Blepharoplasty; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014130:Trabeculectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D016685:Mitomycin