title: Laparoendoscopic single-site pfannenstiel donor nephrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe laparoendoscopic single site (LESS) donor nephrectomy procedure through a Pfannenstiel incision. Laparoscopic donor nephrectomy has become the standard approach in harvesting kidneys from live donors. This is usually performed through 3 ports placed in a triangular manner in addition to the Pfannenstiel incision where the kidney is removed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through a 5 cm Pfannenstiel incision, three 5 mm ports were placed in a triangular manner. A 5 mm flexible-tip laparoscope was used to perform laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Before ligating the renal hilum, the superior midline trocar was exchanged for a 12-mm trocar to allow for an Endo-GIA stapler. After the kidney was placed in the entrapment sac, the anterior rectus fascia between the 2 midline ports was incised and the kidney was removed. After closure of the fascial defects, the Pfannenstiel incision was closed in a subcuticular manner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LESS Pfannenstiel donor nephrectomy was successfully performed in 6 patients without standard laparoscopic or open conversion. No additional needlescopic instruments were used. The median age was 46 years with median body mass index of 28.3 kg/m(2). The median operative time was 142 minutes with a median warm ischemia time of 5 minutes. Median hospital stay was 2 days and the median pain score at discharge was 0. None of the patients received transfusions perioperatively and none had peri-operative complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LESS Pfannenstiel donor nephrectomy offers the benefits of improved cosmesis over the standard laparoscopic donor nephrectomy. Prospective randomized trials are needed to compare the postoperative pain levels in between these 2 techniques.
authors.affiliation: Smith Institute for Urology, North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA.
authors.forename: Sero
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andonian
authors.forename: Amin S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Herati
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Atalla
authors.forename: Soroush
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rais-Bahrami
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Richstone
authors.forename: Louis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kavoussi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*