title: Systematic review on the effect of rinsing with povidone-iodine during nonsurgical periodontal therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The existing literature is inconsistent regarding whether there is any additional effect of povidone-iodine (PVP-iodine) as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing, and, if there is an effect, what its size is. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the additional effect of PVP-iodine as an adjunct to scaling and root planing compared with water, saline or no rinse in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  An electronic literature search of the databases PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Library, and a handsearch, were performed (up to November 2008). Two reviewers independently identified and selected screened abstracts for possible inclusion, and assessed randomized, controlled clinical trials comparing the additional benefit of PVP-iodine with water, saline rinsing or no rinsing in the nonsurgical periodontal therapy of patients with chronic periodontitis. A fixed-effects meta-analysis was conducted in the absence of statistically significant heterogeneity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A small, but statistically significant additional beneficial effect of the adjunctive use of PVP-iodine with enhanced probing pocket depth reductions of 0.28 mm (95% confidence interval: 0.08 to 0.48, p = 0.007) was found. There was no significant heterogeneity between studies (I(2) = 0%). However, most of the studies included in the meta-analysis were of low quality, and the treatment modalities showed various differences such as the use of PVP-iodine at different concentrations and application modalities. Nevertheless, single-rooted teeth, in particular, showed an additional benefit after scaling and root planing with PVP-iodine, particularly when the treatment was repeated during the healing stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The adjunctive use of PVP-iodine during scaling and root planing may increase the clinical pocket depth reduction, although the clinical significance is small to moderate.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sahrmann
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Puhan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Attin
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Schmidlin
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy*; D012534:Dental Scaling; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016745:Root Planing; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D011206:Povidone-Iodine