title: Asbestos-related cancers among 28,300 military servicemen in the Royal Norwegian Navy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study focus on the incidence of asbestos-related cancers among 28,300 officers and enlisted servicemen in the Royal Norwegian Navy. Until 1987, asbestos aboard the vessels potentially caused exposure to 11,500 crew members.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized incidence ratios (SIR) were calculated for malignant mesothelioma, lung cancer, and laryngeal, pharyngeal, stomach, and colorectal cancers according to service aboard between 1950 and 1987 and in other Navy personnel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increased risk of mesothelioma was seen among engine room crews, with SIRs of 6.23 (95% CI = 2.51-12.8) and 6.49 (95% CI = 2.11-15.1) for personnel who served less than 2 years and those with longer service, respectively. Lung cancer was nearly 20% higher than expected among both engine crews and non-engine crews. An excess of colorectal cancer bordering on statistical significance was seen among non-engine crews (SIR = 1.14; 95% CI = 0.98-1.32). Land-based personnel and personnel who served aboard after 1987 had lower lung cancer incidence than expected (SIR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.64-0.92). No elevated risk of laryngeal, pharyngeal, or stomach cancers was seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall increase (65%) in mesotheliomas among military Navy servicemen was confined to marine engine crews only. The mesothelioma incidence can be taken as an indicator of the presence or absence of asbestos exposure, but it offered no consistent explanation to the variation in incidence of other asbestos-related cancers.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway. leif.age.strand@kreftregisteret.no
authors.forename: Leif Aage
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.forename: Jan Ivar
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Martinsen
authors.forename: Vilhelm F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Koefoed
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sommerfelt-Pettersen
authors.forename: Tom Kristian
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Grimsrud
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001194:Asbestos / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001195:Asbestosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009326:Naval Medicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009664:Norway; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001194:Asbestos