An inquiry into relationship suicides and reciprocity.
Few theories on suicide have been grounded in the norm of reciprocity. There is literature on suicide, however, describing motivations such as retaliation and retreat which can be interpreted as modes of adaptation to the norm of reciprocity. We propose a reciprocity-based theory to explain suicides associated with relationship problems. Employing a content analysis of suicide notes, we tested the theory, finding evidence of exploitation, exploiter guilt, retaliation, and retreat as motives for committing relationship-based suicide. Reciprocity-based note writers were more likely to have used alcohol or drugs in the hours prior to committing suicide, and they were also more likely to have made their intentions known beforehand. Implications for future research as well as for suicide prevention are discussed.
Davis
Mark S
MS
Criminal Justice Research Center at Ohio State University in Columbus, USA. davis.198@osu.edu
Callanan
Valerie J
VJ
Lester
David
D
Haines
Janet
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D015709:Correspondence as Topic; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology*; D013648:Tasmania; D000092864:Suicide Prevention