title: Statistical modelling of the whole human femur incorporating geometric and material properties.
abstract: When analysing the performance of orthopaedic implants the vast majority of computational studies use either a single or limited number of bone models. The results are then extrapolated to the population as a whole, overlooking the inherent and large interpatient variability in bone quality and geometry. This paper describes the creation of a three dimensional, statistical, finite element analysis (FEA) ready model of the femur using principal component analysis. To achieve this a registration scheme based on elastic surface matching and a mesh morphing algorithm has been developed. This method is fully automated enabling registration and generation of high resolution models. The variation in both geometry and material properties was extracted from 46 computer tomography scans and captured by the statistical model. Analysis of mesh quality showed this was maintained throughout the model generation and sampling process. Reconstruction of the training femurs showed 35 eigenmodes were required for accurate reproduction. A set of unique, anatomically realistic femur models were generated using the statistical model, with a variation comparable to that seen in the population. This study illustrates a methodology with the potential to generate femur models incorporating material properties for large scale multi-femur finite element studies.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Sciences Research Group, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: P Surya
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galloway
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Prasanth B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001331:Automation; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013499:Surface Properties