title: Hand-off education and evaluation: piloting the observed simulated hand-off experience (OSHE).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Observed Simulated Hand-off Experience (OSHE) was created to evaluate medical students' sign-out skills using a real-time assessment tool, the Hand-off CEX.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two 4th year medical students participated as part of an elective course.
  
  
  METHODS
  One week following an interactive workshop where students learned effective hand-off strategies, students participated in an experience in which they performed a hand-off of a mock patient using simulated history and physical examination data and a brief video.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal medicine residents served as standardized hand-off receivers and were trained on expectations. Students were provided feedback using a newly developed Hand-off CEX, based on the "Mini-CEX," which rates overall hand-off performance and its components on a 9-point Likert-type scale. Outcomes included performance ratings and pre- and post-student self-assessments of hand-off preparedness. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests and descriptive statistics. Resident receivers rated overall student performance with a mean score of 6.75 (range 4-9, maximum 9). Statistically significant improvement was observed in self-perceived preparedness for performing an effective hand-off (67% post- vs. 27% pre-reporting 'well-prepared,' p<0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This brief, standardized hand-off training exercise improved students' confidence and was rated highly by trained observers. Future work focuses on formal validation of the Hand-off CEX instrument.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11606-009-1170-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
authors.affiliation: Section of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Ave., MC 2007, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. jfarnan@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Jeanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Farnan
authors.forename: J A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Paro
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Arora
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D013337:Students, Medical