title: Risk to all or none? A comparative analysis of controversies in the health risk assessment of Bisphenol A.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) is an endocrine disruptor for which health risk assessment has proven controversial. Conclusions regarding health risks of BPA vary between assessments from "there is no risk to any part of the population" to "there is risk to the entire population". We have carried out a literature study investigating what might be the scientific and/or policy-related reasons for these differences. Ten risk assessments for BPA were scrutinized and several factors were compared between assessments, including estimations of exposure levels, identification of critical study and NOAEL, assessment factors and significance attributed to reports of low-dose effects. Differences in conclusions were mainly influenced by the evaluation of low-dose effects and the uncertainties surrounding the significance of these data for health risk assessment. The results illustrate the impact of differences in risk assessment policy and expert judgment on the risk assessment process and highlight the importance of transparency in this process.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden. anna.beronius@ki.se
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beronius
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rudén
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Håkansson
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D016206:Databases, Bibliographic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D011640:Public Policy; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds