title: Recording of dissimulation and denial in the context of the psychosomatic evaluation at living kidney transplantation using the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Living organ donation involves interference with a healthy organism. Therefore, most transplantation centres ascertain the voluntariness of the donation as well as its motivation by means of a psychosomatic evaluation. The circumstance that the evaluation is compulsory and not a primary concern of the donor-recipient pair may occasion respondents to present only what they consider innocuous and socially adequate. Thus, the information value of the results can be considerably affected.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the context of a psychosomatic evaluation prior to living kidney transplantation, 71 donor-recipient pairs were screened at the transplantation centre of Friedrich Schiller University, Jena. Using the validity scales of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) ("infrequency" (F), "lie" (L) and "correction-scales" (K)) and the Dissimulation Index according to Gough ("F-K"), we tried to find traits of dissimulation and denial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 50% of the participants showed an infrequency raw score of zero. This means that at least half of the sample is apprehensive which may cause a cautious and controlled attitude towards the examination. The K-value (T>/=59) and the Dissimulation Index (F-K</=-15) indicated dissimulation in 29% and 26% of the overall sample. Moreover, it affects the score of 11 respondents (8%) so profoundly that any significance regarding the personality traits is lost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the setup of the examination situation as well as in the interpretation of test-psychological findings, the occurrence and possible influence of dissimulation should be considered. The validity scale of the MMPI can help to obtain an objective clinical impression of dissimulation in problem cases.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Asklepios Fachklinikum Stadtroda, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wutzler
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Venner
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Villmann
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Undine
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ott
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumz