Early increase in autoantibodies against human oxidized low-density lipoprotein in hypertensive patients after blood pressure control.
BACKGROUND
Oxidized lipoproteins and antioxidized low-density lipoprotein (anti-oxLDL) antibodies (Abs) have been detected in plasma in response to blood pressure (BP) elevation, suggesting the participation of the adaptive immune system. Therefore, treatment of hypertension may act on the immune response by decreasing oxidation stimuli. However, this issue has not been addressed. Thus, we have here analyzed anti-oxLDL Abs in untreated (naive) hypertensive patients shortly after initiation of antihypertensive therapeutic regimens.


METHODS
Titers of anti-oxLDL Abs were measured in subjects with recently diagnosed hypertension on stage 1 (n = 94), in primary prevention of coronary disease, with no other risk factors, and naive of antihypertensive medication at entry. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive perindopril, hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), or indapamide (INDA) for 12 weeks, with additional perindopril if necessary to achieve BP control. Abs against copper-oxidized LDL were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.


RESULTS
Twelve-week antihypertensive treatment reduced both office-based and 24-h ambulatory BP measurements (P < 0.0005). The decrease in BP was accompanied by reduction in thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) (P < 0.05), increase in anti-oxLDL Ab titers (P < 0.005), and improvement in flow-mediated dilation (FMD) (P < 0.0005), independently of treatment. Although BP was reduced, we observed favorable changes in anti-oxLDL titers and FMD.


CONCLUSIONS
We observed that anti-oxLDL Ab titers increase after antihypertensive therapy in primary prevention when achieving BP targets. Our results are in agreement with the concept that propensity to oxidation is increased by essential hypertension and anti-oxLDL Abs may be protective and potential biomarkers for the follow-up of hypertension treatment.
Brandão
Sergio A
SA
Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Izar
Maria C
MC
Fischer
Simone M
SM
Santos
Andreza O
AO
Monteiro
Carlos M
CM
Póvoa
Rui M
RM
Helfenstein
Tatiana
T
Carvalho
Antonio C
AC
Monteiro
Andrea M
AM
Ramos
Eduardo
E
Gidlund
Magnus
M
Figueiredo Neto
Antonio M
AM
Fonseca
Francisco A
FA
D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000502:physiology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein