Peer support and pager messaging to promote antiretroviral modifying therapy in Seattle: a randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the relative efficacy of peer support and pager messaging strategies versus usual care to improve medication adherence and clinical outcomes among HIV-positive outpatients initiating or switching to a new highly active antiretroviral therapy regimen.


METHODS
A 2 3 2 factorial randomized controlled trial of a 3-month intervention with computer-assisted self-interviews and blood draws administered at baseline, 3, 6, and 9 months.


METHODS
HIV-positive patients at a public HIV specialty clinic in Seattle,WA (N = 224) were randomly assigned to peer support, pager messaging, both strategies, or usual care. The main outcomes were adherence according to self-report and electronic drug monitoring, CD4 count, and HIV-1 RNA viral load.


RESULTS
Intent-to-treat analyses suggested the peer intervention was associated with greater self-reported adherence at immediate postintervention. However, these effects were not maintained at follow-up assessment; nor were there significant differences in biological outcomes. The pager intervention, on the other hand, was not associated with greater adherence but was associated with improved biological outcomes at postintervention that were sustained at follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Analyses indicate the potential efficacy of peer support and pager messaging to promote antiretroviral adherence and biological outcomes, respectively. More potent strategies still are needed.
Simoni
Jane M
JM
Department of Psychology, University of Washington, 3909 W Stevens Way NE, Campus Box 351525, Seattle, WA 98195-1525, USA. jsimoni@u.washington.edu
Huh
David
D
Frick
Pamela A
PA
Pearson
Cynthia R
CR
Andrasik
Michele P
MP
Dunbar
Peter J
PJ
Hooton
Thomas M
TM
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D034201:Computers, Handheld; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010379:Peer Group; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents