title: In vitro proliferation of human osteogenic cells in presence of different commercial bone substitute materials combined with enamel matrix derivatives.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cellular reactions to alloplastic bone substitute materials (BSM) are a subject of interest in basic research. In regenerative dentistry, these bone grafting materials are routinely combined with enamel matrix derivatives (EMD) in order to additionally enhance tissue regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the proliferative activity of human osteogenic cells after incubation over a period of seven days with commercial BSM of various origin and chemical composition. Special focus was placed on the potential additional benefit of EMD on cellular proliferation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Except for PerioGlas, osteogenic cell proliferation was significantly promoted by the investigated BSM. The application of EMD alone also resulted in significantly increased cellular proliferation. However, a combination of BSM and EMD resulted in only a moderate additional enhancement of osteogenic cell proliferation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of most BSM, as well as the exclusive application of EMD demonstrated a positive impact on the proliferation of human osteogenic cells in vitro. In order to increase the benefit from substrate combination (BSM + EMD), further studies on the interactions between BSM and EMD are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany. c_reichert@web.de
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reichert
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Nawas
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasaj
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.forename: Marcus O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010078:Oxazines; D014966:Xanthenes
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010078:Oxazines; D014966:Xanthenes; C109069:enamel matrix proteins; C005843:resazurin