title: A randomized comparison of transradial versus transfemoral approach for coronary angiography and angioplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and procedural variables by the transradial approach compared with the transfemoral access in a standard population of patients undergoing coronary catheterization.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Coronary catheterization is usually performed via the transfemoral approach. Transradial access may offer some advantages in comparison with transfemoral access especially under conditions of aggressive anticoagulation and antiplatelet treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 2006 and January 2008, a total of 1,024 patients undergoing coronary catheterization were randomly assigned to the transradial or transfemoral approach. Patients with an abnormal Allen's test, history of coronary artery bypass surgery, simultaneous right heart catheterization, chronic renal insufficiency, or known difficulties with the radial or femoral access were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Successful catheterization was achieved in 494 of 512 patients (96.5%) in the transradial and in 511 of 512 patients (99.8%) in the transfemoral group (p < 0.0001). Median procedural duration (37.0 min, interquartile range [IQR] 19.6 to 49.1 min vs. 40.2 min, IQR 24.3 to 50.8 min; p = 0.046) and median dose area product (38.2 Gycm(2), IQR 20.4 to 48.5 Gycm(2) vs. 41.9 Gycm(2), IQR 22.6 to 52.2 Gycm(2); p = 0.034) were significantly lower in the transfemoral group compared with the transradial access group. A median amount of contrast agent was similar among both groups. Vascular access site complications were higher in the transfemoral group (3.71%) than in the transradial group (0.58%; p = 0.0008)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of the present study show that transradial coronary angiography and angioplasty are safe, feasible, and effective with similar results to those of the transfemoral approach. However, procedural duration and radiation exposure are higher using the transradial access. In contrast to the transfemoral route, the rate of major vascular complications was negligible using the transradial approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Clinic of Wetzlar, Wetzlar, Germany. Martin.Brueck@hkw.med.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brueck
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bandorski
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wieczorek
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Höltgen
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tillmanns
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017534:Radial Artery; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors