Waste management health risk assessment: a case study of a solid waste landfill in South Italy.
An integrated risk assessment study has been performed in an area within 5 km from a landfill that accepts non hazardous waste. The risk assessment was based on measured emissions and maximum chronic population exposure, for both children and adults, to contaminated air, some foods and soil. The toxic effects assessed were limited to the main known carcinogenic compounds emitted from landfills coming both from landfill gas torch combustion (e.g., dioxins, furans and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs) and from diffusive emissions (vinyl chloride monomer, VCM). Risk assessment has been performed both for carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects. Results indicate that cancer and non-cancer effects risk (hazard index, HI) are largely below the values accepted from the main international agencies (e.g., WHO, US EPA) and national legislation (D.Lgs. 152/2006 and D.Lgs. 4/2008).
Davoli
E
E
Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Environmental Health Sciences Department, Via Giuseppe La Masa 19, 20156 Milano, Italy. enrico.davoli@marionegri.it
Fattore
E
E
Paiano
V
V
Colombo
A
A
Palmiotto
M
M
Rossi
A N
AN
Il Grande
M
M
Fanelli
R
R
D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D007558:Italy; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014752:Vinyl Chloride / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D018505:Waste Management
D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014752:Vinyl Chloride