title: Curcumin pretreatment protects against acute acrylonitrile-induced oxidative damage in rats.
abstract: Acrylonitrile (AN) is widely used in the manufacturing of fibers, plastics and pharmaceuticals. Free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation is implicated in the toxicity of AN. The present study was designed to examine the ability of curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, to attenuate acute AN-induced lipid peroxidation in the brain and liver of rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally administered curcumin at doses of 0 (olive oil control), 50 or 100 mg/kg bodyweight daily for 7 consecutive days. Two hours after the last dose of curcumin, rats received an intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg AN/kg bodyweight. Acute exposure to AN significantly increased the generation of lipid peroxidation products, reflected by high levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) both in the brain and liver. These increases were accompanied by a significant decrease in reduced glutathione (GSH) content and a significant reduction in catalase (CAT) activity in the same tissues. No consistent changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were observed between the control and AN-treatment groups in both tissues. Pretreatment with curcumin reversed the AN-induced effects, reducing the levels of MDA and enhancing CAT activity and increasing reduced GSH content both in the brain and liver. Furthermore, curcumin effectively prevented AN-induced decrease in cytochrome c oxidase activity in both liver and brain. These results establish that curcumin pretreatment has a beneficial role in mitigating AN-induced oxidative stress both in the brains and livers of exposed rats and these effects are mediated independently of cytochrome P450 2E1 inhibition. Accordingly, curcumin should be considered as a potential safe and effective approach in attenuating the adverse effects produced by AN-related toxicants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guangwei
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rongzhu
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wenrong
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Suhua
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiaowu
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shizhong
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aschner
authors.forename: Shrinivas K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bishnoi
mesh_terms: D000181:Acrylonitrile / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020011:Protective Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002374:Catalase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D005978:Glutathione; D003474:Curcumin; D000181:Acrylonitrile