title: Structure of cDNA clones and genomic DNA FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs) in Helix.
abstract: A complementary DNA (cDNA) library was prepared from poly(A)(+) RNA isolated from the central ganglia of Helix aspersa from which two classes of FaRP-encoding cDNA clones were identified by hybridization with the Aplysia FMRF-1 clone and oligonucleotides based on known Helix peptides. One type of cDNA (exemplified by HF-1) encodes only the tetrapeptides (FMRFamide and FLRFamide) and is very similar to the tetrapeptide-encoding precursors of other molluscan species. The other type of cDNA (represented by HF-4) encodes no tetrapeptides, but only N-terminally extended peptides, including all of the heptapeptides previously detected in the nervous system as well as some novel predicted peptides, which may be processed into free bio-active peptides. The overall structure of the precursor polypeptide encoded by HF-4 is markedly different from that encoded by HF-1 and more closely resembles the Drosophila FaRP precursor. Restriction digestion and hybridization analysis of genomic DNA indicates that each class of cDNA comes from a single genomic locus and that the two genomic loci span about 14 kbp. Parts of the genomic DNA sequence homologous to HF-1 were determined by PCR of Helix pomatia DNA. All of the coding sequence contained in HF-1 appears to be on one exon since it is contiguous in the genomic PCR products. In the coding region, the sequences from H. aspersa and H. pomatia are about 95% identical, but they are only about 80% identical in the noncoding region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Preclinical Medicine, Bute Medical Building, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9TS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hettle
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Cottrell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sommerville