p57KIP2: "Kip"ing the cell under control.
p57(KIP2) is an imprinted gene located at the chromosomal locus 11p15.5. It is a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor belonging to the CIP/KIP family, which includes additionally p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1). It is the least studied CIP/KIP member and has a unique role in embryogenesis. p57(KIP2) regulates the cell cycle, although novel functions have been attributed to this protein including cytoskeletal organization. Molecular analysis of animal models and patients with Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome have shown its nodal implication in the pathogenesis of this syndrome. p57(KIP2) is frequently down-regulated in many common human malignancies through several mechanisms, denoting its anti-oncogenic function. This review is a thorough analysis of data available on p57(KIP2), in relation to p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p27(KIP1), on gene and protein structure, its transcriptional and translational regulation, and its role in human physiology and pathology, focusing on cancer development.
Pateras
Ioannis S
IS
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Laboratory of Histology-Embryology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece.
Apostolopoulou
Kalliopi
K
Niforou
Katerina
K
Kotsinas
Athanassios
A
Gorgoulis
Vassilis G
VG
D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D012333:RNA, Messenger