title: Similar treatment response to peginterferon and ribavirin in Asian and Caucasian patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have found ethnicity to be an important predictor of outcomes of treatment with peginterferon (PEG-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) in chronic hepatitis C. Although the expected sustained virological response (SVR) rates of Hispanics and African Americans are lower than those of Caucasians, SVR rates in Asians appear to be more favorable. However, in some of these studies, hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype was identified by INNO-LiPA assay, which can mistype the easier-to-treat HCV genotype 6 as genotype 1. Our goal was to compare SVR rates among Caucasian and Asian-American patients with genotype 1 and 2/3 infection whose HCV genotypes were accurately classified by core sequencing testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of 269 consecutive treatment-naive HCV-infected patients with genotype 1 or 2/3 (157 Caucasians and 112 Asians) treated with PEG-IFN+RBV from January 2001 to November 2007 at four community-based gastroenterology clinics in Northern California were studied. The analysis of data was by intention-to-treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SVR rates for patients with genotype 1 were 45% for Caucasians and 52% for Asians (P=0.37). The SVR rates for patients with genotype 2/3 infection was 77% for Asians and 74% for Caucasians (P=0.7). On multivariate logistic regression analyses adjusting for age, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), baseline viral load, HCV genotype, and treatment adherence, we did not find Asian ethnicity to predict SVR. On a separate analysis, we found that Asians who had HCV genotype 1 or 1b by the less accurate INNO-LiPA assay had significantly higher SVR rates than Caucasians with genotype 1 (64% vs. 45%, respectively, P=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SVR rates were similar in Asian Americans and Caucasians infected with HCV genotype 1 or 2/3 when HCV genotype classification was accurately determined.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, California, USA.
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vutien
authors.forename: Nghia H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Huy N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Trinh
authors.forename: Jiayi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ruel T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Khanh K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Huy A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Brian S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Levitt
authors.forename: Emmet B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Keeffe
authors.forename: Mindie H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011336:Probability; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a