title: [Sedation using ketamine for pain procedures in Pediatric Oncology.].
abstract: Procedural sedation and analgesia for children is widely practiced. Since 2005 to 2007, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of ketamine to control pain induced by diagnostic procedures in pediatric oncology patients. Eight hundred fifty procedures were carried out in 125 patients aged 2 to 16 years. We associated EMNO (inhaled equimolar mixture of nitrous oxide and oxygen), atropin (oral or rectal), midazolam (oral or rectal) and ketamin (intravenous). An anesthesiologist injected ketamin. Average dose of ketamine was 0.33 to 2 mg/kg depending on number and invasiveness of procedures. This method requires careful monitoring and proper precautions. With these conditions, no complication was observed. All patients were effectively sedated. These results indicate that ketamine - in association with EMNO, atropine and midazolam - is safe and effective in pain management induced by diagnostic procedures in pediatric oncology patients. The sedative regimen of intravenous ketamine has greatly reduced patient, family and practitioners anxiety for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'analgésie pédiatrique, service d'anesthésie-réanimation A, hôpital Lapeyronie, CHU de Montpellier, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 05, France, Unité d'oncologie pédiatrique, pédiatrie III, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ricard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tichit
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Troncin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007649:Ketamine; D008874:Midazolam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007649:Ketamine; D008874:Midazolam