The international prevalence, epidemiology, and clinical phenomenology of Tourette syndrome: a cross-cultural perspective.
The overall international prevalence of Tourette syndrome (TS) is 1% in the majority of cultures of the world. Both TS and tics are certainly more obvious and may be more common in younger people. Moreover, TS is seen less frequently in some cultures. However, in all cultures where it has been reported, the phenomenology is similar, highlighting the biological underpinnings of the disorder. This article reviews the international prevalence, epidemiology, and clinical phenomenology of TS, from a cross-cultural perspective.
Robertson
Mary May
MM
Department of Mental Health Sciences, UCL, London, United Kingdom.
Eapen
Valsamma
V
Cavanna
Andrea Eugenio
AE
D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D020323:Tics / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005879:Tourette Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*