The effect of a culturally tailored smoking cessation for Chinese American smokers.
BACKGROUND
Tobacco use is a serious public health problem among low-income Chinese Americans with limited English proficiency. Chinese men are at high risk for smoking-related morbidity and mortality. We tested the feasibility of a culturally and linguistically sensitive smoking intervention program with combined counseling and pharmacological components for Chinese smokers in New York City; identified factors and techniques that enhance the administration and appropriateness of the intervention program; and examined the overall impact of this program on quit attempts, quit rates, and overall smoking reduction.


METHODS
We were guided by the transtheoretical model and used an adapted motivational interviewing (MI) approach. The study involved a randomized sample with pretreatment assessment and multiple follow-up measures. Eligible participants (N = 122) were randomly assigned to intervention (4 individualized counselor-led MI sessions and nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) or control groups (4 general health education sessions, self-help materials, and NRT).


RESULTS
Quit rate at 6 months in the intervention group was 67% versus 32% for the control group, indicating minimal relapse and a highly successful intervention program. Increase in self-efficacy and decease in pros of smoking from baseline to 6-month follow-up were positively associated with smoking cessation. The number of cigarette smoked at baseline was inversely related to smoking cessation. Results indicate that a combined intensive behavioral counseling and pharmacological intervention can reduce smoking substantially.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this pilot will be used as a basis for a large-scale randomized trial of an intervention with combined culturally and linguistically sensitive MI and NRT components for Chinese and other Asian ethnic groups.
Wu
Dunli
D
NYC Branch of Center for Asian Health, Department of Public Health, College of Health Professions, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Ma
Grace X
GX
Zhou
Kathy
K
Zhou
Dinglun
D
Liu
Andy
A
Poon
Adrienne N
AN
D000328:Adult; D001213:Asian / Q000523:psychology*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015397:Program Evaluation; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012907:Smoking / Q000208:ethnology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult
D018722:Nicotinic Agonists