title: Laparoscopic procurement of single versus multiple artery kidney allografts: is long-term graft survival affected?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Living donor kidneys with multiple arteries (MA) are increasingly procured laparoscopically for transplant.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compare long-term graft function and survival of kidneys with single arteries (SA) and MA over a 10-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were a total of 218 grafts with SA and 60 grafts with MA. The MA group had longer operative and ischemic times than SA group. There was a small increase in ureteral complication (8.3% vs. 2.3% P=0.06) and a significantly higher incidence of rejection (23.3% vs. 10.1%, P=0.01) in MA group than in SA group. Graft function was lower in MA group than SA group. The 5-year graft survival by Kaplan Meier analysis was better in SA group than in MA group (P=0.023). The estimated graft survivals at 1, 3, and 5 year were 94.4%, 90.6%, and 86% for SA group and 89.6%, 83.2%, and 71.8% for MA group. There was a higher percentage of graft loss from chronic allograft nephropathy in MA group than in SA group (16.7% vs. 5.5%, P=0.01). The presence of MA (vs. SA) was an independent risk for acute rejection (OR 3.60, 95% CI 1.59-8.14, P=0.002) and for graft loss (HR 2.31, 95% CI 1.05-5.09, P=0.038).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic procurement of living donor kidneys with SA may be associated with a lower risk of rejection, better function, and superior long-term survival when compared with kidneys with MA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paramesh
authors.forename: Rubin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sandy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Florman
authors.forename: C Lillian
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Yau
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGee
authors.forename: Haythem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Abbas
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amatya
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Killackey
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Slakey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000209:etiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000502:physiology*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000379:methods; D015996:Survival Rate; D017741:Survivors; D013997:Time Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult