title: RNA adenosine deaminase ADAR1 deficiency leads to increased activation of protein kinase PKR and reduced vesicular stomatitis virus growth following interferon treatment.
abstract: Two size forms of ADAR1 adenosine deaminase are known, one constitutively expressed (p110) and the other interferon (IFN)-induced (p150). To test the role of ADAR1 in viral infection, HeLa cells with ADAR1 stably knocked down and 293 cells overexpressing ADAR1 were utilized. Overexpression of p150 ADAR1 had no significant effect on the yield of vesicular stomatitis virus. Likewise, reduction of p110 and p150 ADAR1 proteins to less than approximately 10 to 15% of parental levels (ADAR1-deficient) had no significant effect on VSV growth in the absence of IFN treatment. However, inhibition of virus growth following IFN treatment was approximately 1 log(10) further reduced compared to ADAR1-sufficient cells. The level of phosphorylated protein kinase PKR was increased in ADAR1-deficient cells compared to ADAR1-sufficient cells following IFN treatment, regardless of viral infection. These results suggest that ADAR1 suppresses activation of PKR and inhibition of VSV growth in response to IFN treatment.
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiqun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Karen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Samuel
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000821:virology; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018116:Vesiculovirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016898:Interferon-alpha; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D016899:Interferon-beta; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase; C567955:ADARB1 protein, human; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase