title: Antimicrobial and cytotoxic constituents from leaves of Sapium baccatum.
abstract: Six compounds, namely, Lupeol (1), Betulin (2), beta-Taraxerol (3), Taraxerone (4), Stigmasterol (5) and beta-Sitosterol (6) were isolated from the petroleum ether extract of the leaves of Sapium baccatum based on spectroscopic evidence. Lupeol (1), Betulin (2) and Stigmasterol (5) were isolated for the first time from this plant. The cytotoxic potential of the different solvent extracts (methanol, petroleum ether, carbon-tetrachloride and dichloromethane); six column fractions (F-4, F-7, F-10, F-12, F-18 and F-22) of petroleum ether extract and three pure compounds 1, 4 and 6 were determined by using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. The LC50 of all the tested samples were showed to be lethal to brine shrimp nauplii. However, petroleum ether, carbon-tetrachloride extract, column fractions F-4 and F-18 of petroleum ether extract and pure compound 6 showed quite potent activity in brine shrimp lethality bioassay with LC50 1.33, 1.35, 1.40, 1.58 and 1.58 microg/ml, respectively. These result suggested that they might be contain antitumor or pesticidal activity. Further, the methanol extract and four column fractions (F-7, F-12, F-18 and F-22) of petroleum ether showed significant activity against the tested microorganisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Islamic University, Kushtia 7003, Bangladesh.
authors.forename: Yunus
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Md Hossain
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sohrab
authors.forename: Sharif M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Al-Reza
authors.forename: Faqir Shahidulla
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Tareq
authors.forename: Choudhury M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sattar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia / Q000187:drug effects; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D031287:Sapium / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003603:Cytotoxins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents