title: A high intake of conjugated linoleic acid does not affect liver and kidney function tests in healthy human subjects.
abstract: Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is consumed widely as a supplement. It causes hepatomegaly in animals, but toxicological data in humans are limited. We therefore studied the effect of a high daily intake of CLA on liver and kidney function in healthy subjects. Twenty subjects received 14.6 g cis-9,trans-11 CLA and 4.7 g trans-10,cis-12 CLA isomers a day for 3 weeks. Liver and kidney function was measured at 0, 3, 7, 10, 16, and 21 days. Mean values of all tests remained within normal limits. Lactate dehydrogenase (mean+/-SD) increased from 290.9+/-43.6 to 322.5+/-60.7 U/L (p=0.04) on day 21. One subject exceeded the upper limit of normal of 450 U/L on day 21, to 472 U/L and another showed an isolated elevation to 555 U/L on day 7. Gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase increased from 12.1+/-5.9 to 13.5+/-6.2U/L (p=0.002). No one exceeded the upper limit of 50 U/L for men and 40 U/L for women. A daily intake of 19.3 g CLA for 3 weeks does not produce clinically relevant effects on markers of liver and kidney function in healthy volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wanders
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leder
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Banga
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Katan
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Brouwer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019963:Clinical Chemistry Tests; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D055815:Young Adult; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase