title: Spotlight on adapalene.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the field of dermatology, topical retinoids represent a mainstay in acne treatment. Adapalene is a naphthoic acid derivative showing some pharmacological activities similar to the regular retinoids. The drug is used singly or in combination for treating acne and a few other miscellaneous skin disorders.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To critically review the pharmacokinetic, pharmacologic aspects and clinical benefits and adverse effects associated with topical adapalene.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature review was conducted primarily based on PubMed citations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adapalene shares some biological activities in common with retinoic acid. However, it exhibits distinct physicochemical and binding properties for selective retinoic acid receptors. In acne, adapalene is expected to reduce comedogenesis, expel mature comedones and exert some anti-inflammatory effects. The drug is effective as monotherapy in mild comedonal acne and in combination with benzoyl peroxide for mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne. The safety profile of adapalene is good. Indeed, only discrete to moderate adverse events including erytheme, xerosis, itching and stinging may develop during the early treatment phase. Clinical experience has established that adapalene represents a valuable addition to the other current treatments for acne.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Liège, Department of Dermatopathology, CHU Sart Tilman, Liège, Belgium. gerald.pierard@ulg.ac.be
authors.forename: Gérald E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Piérard
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piérard-Franchimont
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paquet
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quatresooz
mesh_terms: D017486:Acneiform Eruptions / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000068816:Adapalene; D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D000068816:Adapalene