title: Blockade of multiple but not single cytokines abrogates downregulation of angiotensin II type-I receptors and anticipates septic shock.
abstract: In this prospective, randomized animal study, the role of proinflammatory cytokines in the pathogenesis sepsis-induced circulatory failure with downregulation of angiotensin-II-type-I-(AT(1))-receptors was investigated. Sepsis in wild-type mice and in mice with deficiencies for TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IFN-gamma or IL-6 was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and wild-type mice were injected with cytokines. Animals were treated with glucocorticoids or small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting single or multiple cytokines or NF-kappaB. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) were incubated with cytokines. CLP resulted in circulatory failure and a significant downregulation of AT(1)-receptors. Injection of single proinflammatory cytokines also strongly downregulated AT(1)-receptors paralleled by a markedly endogenous liberation of further cytokines, whereas, simultaneous blockade of these endogenously activated cytokines by dexamethasone prevented downregulation of AT(1)-receptors. Furthermore, inhibition of multiple but not single cytokines by treatment with siRNA against multiple cytokines or NF-kappaB significantly attenuated CLP-induced AT(1)-receptor downregulation and prevented septic circulatory failure. Our data demonstrate that downregulation of AT(1)-receptors during sepsis is due to multiple but not single cytokines and define a relevant role for NF-kappaB in the pathogenesis of septic shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss Allee 11, 93042 Regensburg, Germany. christoph_schmidt2001@yahoo.de
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Höcherl
authors.forename: Birgül
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurtz
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bucher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011446:Prospective Studies; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D003907:Dexamethasone