Apoptosis by dietary agents for prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
Accumulating data clearly indicate that induction of apoptosis is an important event for chemoprevention of cancer by naturally occurring dietary agents. In mammalian cells, apoptosis has been divided into two major pathways: the extrinsic pathway, activated by pro-apoptotic receptor signals at the cellular surface; and the intrinsic pathway, which involves the disruption of mitochondrial membrane integrity. This process is strictly controlled in response to integrity of pro-death signaling and plays critical roles in development, maintenance of homeostasis, and host defense in multicellular organisms. For chemoprevention studies, prostate cancer (PCa) represents an ideal disease due to its long latency, its high incidence, tumor marker availability, and identifiable preneoplastic lesions and risk groups. In this article, we highlight the studies of various apoptosis-inducing dietary compounds for prevention of PCa in vitro in cell culture, in preclinical studies in animals, and in human clinical trials.
Khan
Naghma
N
Department of Dermatology, Medical Sciences Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 4385, 1300 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
Adhami
Vaqar Mustafa
VM
Mukhtar
Hasan
H
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044948:Flavonols; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077276:Lycopene; D029561:Lythraceae; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects; D000094042:Lupanes
D002338:Carotenoids; D002392:Catechin; D003474:Curcumin; D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D019833:Genistein; D000077276:Lycopene; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; C010480:lupeol; D000094042:Lupanes; C017875:fisetin