title: E7080, a multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor, suppresses the progression of malignant pleural mesothelioma with different proangiogenic cytokine production profiles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a biologically heterogeneous malignant disease with a poor prognosis. We reported previously that the anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) antibody, bevacizumab, effectively inhibited the progression of VEGF-high-producing (but not VEGF-low-producing) MPM cells in orthotopic implantation models, indicating the need for novel therapeutic strategies to improve the poor prognosis of this disease. Therefore, we focused on the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor E7080 and assessed its therapeutic efficacy against MPM cells with different proangiogenic cytokine production profiles.
  
  
  METHODS
  The efficacy of E7080 was assayed in orthotopic implantation of severe combined immunodeficient mouse models with three human MPM cell lines (MSTO-211H, NCI-H290, and Y-MESO-14).
  
  
  RESULTS
  With regard to proangiogenic cytokine production profiles, MSTO-211H and Y-MESO-14 cells were MPM cells producing high levels of fibroblast growth factor-2 and VEGF, respectively. NCI-H290 cells produced low levels of fibroblast growth factor-2 and VEGF compared with the other two cell lines. E7080 potently suppressed the phosphorylation of VEGF receptor-2 and FGF receptor 1 and, thus, inhibited proliferation of endothelial cells, but not that of the MPM cell lines, in vitro. Orthotopically inoculated MSTO-211H cells produced only thoracic tumors, whereas NCI-H290 and Y-MESO-14 cells also developed pleural effusions. Treatment with E7080 potently inhibited the progression of these three MPM cell lines and markedly prolonged mouse survival, which was associated with decreased numbers of tumor-associated vessels and proliferating MPM cells in the tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results strongly suggest broad-spectrum activity of E7080 against MPM with different proangiogenic cytokine production profiles in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine and Rheumatology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikuta
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Van The
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Trung
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanibuchi
authors.forename: Hisatsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tadaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Soji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakiuchi
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sekido
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uenaka
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: Saburo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011804:Quinolines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C531958:lenvatinib