title: A 3-year intervention with a Mediterranean diet modified the association between the rs9939609 gene variant in FTO and body weight changes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the rs9939609 (T/A) gene variant in fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO) on body weight changes after 3 years and its modification by a randomized nutritional intervention with a Mediterranean-style diet in a population of subjects at high cardiovascular risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  A substudy of PREDIMED, which is a randomized trial aimed at assessing the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MD) for primary cardiovascular disease prevention. There were three nutritional intervention groups: two of them with a Mediterranean-style diet and the third was a control group advised to follow a conventional low-fat diet.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 776 high cardiovascular risk subjects aged 55-80 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometric measurements were recorded at baseline and at 3 years. The participants were genotyped by RT-PCR, followed by allelic discrimination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Homozygous subjects had the highest baseline body weight. The dominant model showed that subjects carrying the A allele had the lowest body weight gain (B=-0.685; P=0.022) after 3 years of nutritional intervention compared with nonmutated subjects (TT genotype) regardless of the nutritional intervention. Moreover, this effect was statistically significant in carriers of the A allele only among those allocated to the MD groups (B=-0.830; P=0.018), but it was not significant among those allocated to the control group (P for interaction=0.649).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirmed the association between body weight and the FTO rs9939609 polymorphism. Interestingly, our results showed that, although at baseline the A allele was associated with higher body weight, after 3 years of nutritional intervention with a Mediterranean-style-diet, A-allele carriers had lower body weight gain than wild type subjects. No interaction between nutritional intervention and the polymorphism was found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Razquin
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martinez-Gonzalez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bes-Rastrollo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernández-Crehuet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D038441:Diet, Mediterranean; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human