MicroRNAs in ovarian carcinomas.
The molecular mechanisms involved in epithelial ovarian cancer initiation and progression are just beginning to be elucidated. In particular, it has become evident that microRNAs (miRNAs or miRs), a class of molecules that post-transcriptionally regulate gene expression, play a major role in ovarian tumorigenesis. Several microRNA profiling studies have identified changes in microRNA patterns that take place during ovarian cancer development. While most deregulated microRNAs are down-regulated in cancer, and may therefore act as tumor suppressors, others are elevated and may represent novel oncogenes in this disease. A number of microRNAs identified as aberrantly expressed in ovarian carcinoma have been shown to have important functional roles in cancer development and may therefore represent targets for therapy. In addition, some of the microRNA patterns may have prognostic significance. The identification of functional targets represents a major hurdle in our understanding of microRNA function in ovarian carcinoma, but significant progress is being made. It is hoped that a better understanding of the microRNA expression and roles in ovarian cancer may provide new avenues for the detection, diagnosis, and therapy of this deadly disease.
Dahiya
Neetu
N
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute on Aging, NIH Biomedical Research Center, 251 Bayview Boulevard, Suite 100, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
Morin
Patrice J
PJ
D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009857:Oncogenes; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D035683:MicroRNAs; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm