title: The effects of N-acetylcysteine on testicular damage in experimental testicular ischemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on testicular damage in a rat testicular ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty male Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. Group 1: sham control, Group 2: torsion (T), Group 3: torsion/detorsion (T/D), Group 4: the early NAC treatment plus T/D, 20 mg/kg of NAC was given intravenously 60 min before detorsion; Group 5: the late NAC treatment plus T/D, 20 mg/kg of NAC was given intravenously 5 min before detorsion. After torsion (2 h) and detorsion (2 h), bilateral orchiectomies were performed to determine the tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) or more exactly thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS), myeloperoxidase activity and histopathological changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most significant increase in the mean TBARS level and decrease in the mean seminiferous tubular diameter, germinal epithelial cell thickness values in bilateral testes were observed in T/D group rather than other groups. TBARS levels of early NAC treatment group were significantly lowered and histological parameters of spermatogenesis were significantly improved in bilateral testes when compared with T and T/D groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the early administration of NAC may have a protective effect in the rat experimental testicular T/D models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Numune Education and Research Hospital, Cevizlidere Mah. 14. Cad., Balgat 12/25, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Binhan Kağan
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Aktaş
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bulut
authors.forename: Süleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bulut
authors.forename: Mehmet Murat
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Baykam
authors.forename: Cüneyt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senes
authors.forename: Doğan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Memiş
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D000111:Acetylcysteine