title: A system to simulate and reproduce audio-visual environments for spatial hearing research.
abstract: The article reports the experience gained from two implementations of the "Simulated Open-Field Environment" (SOFE), a setup that allows sounds to be played at calibrated levels over a wide frequency range from multiple loudspeakers in an anechoic chamber. Playing sounds from loudspeakers in the free-field has the advantage that each participant listens with their own ears, and individual characteristics of the ears are captured in the sound they hear. This makes an easy and accurate comparison between various listeners with and without hearing devices possible. The SOFE uses custom calibration software to assure individual equalization of each loudspeaker. Room simulation software creates the spatio-temporal reflection pattern of sound sources in rooms which is played via the SOFE loudspeakers. The sound playback system is complemented by a video projection facility which can be used to collect or give feedback or to study auditory-visual interaction. The article discusses acoustical and technical requirements for accurate sound playback against the specific needs in hearing research. An introduction to software concepts is given which allow easy, high-level control of the setup and thus fast experimental development, turning the SOFE into a "Swiss army knife" tool for auditory, spatial hearing and audio-visual research.
authors.affiliation: Auditory Perception Lab, Department of Psychology, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94530-1650, USA. seeber@ihr.mrc.ac.uk
authors.forename: Bernhard U
authors.initials: BU
authors.lastname: Seeber
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kerber
authors.forename: Ervin R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Hafter
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D000162:Acoustics / Q000295:instrumentation; D000669:Amplifiers, Electronic; D001307:Auditory Perception; D002138:Calibration; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D006309:Hearing; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D011312:Pressure; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012984:Software; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013028:Space Perception; D014741:Video Recording; D014796:Visual Perception