title: Phenotypic and molecular characterization of Madurella pseudomycetomatis sp. nov., a novel opportunistic fungus possibly causing black-grain mycetoma.
abstract: A case of black-grain mycetoma occurring on the lower jaw with an odontogenic origin, which to our knowledge is the first case reported in China, is presented here. The clinical manifestation, histopathological morphology, and microbiological features are described. The new species, Madurella pseudomycetomatis, isolated from the black grains discharged by this patient, was analyzed using sequence data of the multiloci of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) and its ability to ferment carbohydrate as well as morphology. The analyses of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the D1/D2 hypervariable region of the 28S ribosomal gene sequences support a new species designation. Antifungal susceptibility testing was conducted, indicating that Madurella pseudomycetomatis was highly susceptible to itraconazole, voriconazole, and amphotericin B; moderately susceptible to terbinafine; and resistant to fluconazole and flucytosine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Cun-Jian
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bai-Yu
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002681:China; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006801:Humans; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D020461:Madurella / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008271:Mycetoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S