title: An atrophic crossed fused kidney with an ectopic vaginal ureter causing urine incontinence.
abstract: An ectopic vaginal ureter is an infrequent cause of urinary incontinence. Most cases are associated with a duplex kidney in which the lower moiety ureter drains into the bladder. Occasionally, some cases of ectopic kidney with single vaginal ectopic ureter can occur. In this study, we present a case of chronic continuous urine incontinence caused by the extremely rare combination of a fused-crossed kidney and a single vaginal ectopic ureter. Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy was carried out smoothly and uneventfully. In our experience, laparoscopic navigation and surgery can be valuable tools to delineate and manage unusual congenital anomalies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China. victorlin0098@gmail.com
authors.forename: Victor C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hui-Ching
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Eng
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kian-Lim
authors.forename: I-Chang
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tsan-Jung
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000002:abnormalities*