title: Human mandible bone defect repair by the grafting of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells and collagen sponge biocomplexes.
abstract: In this study we used a biocomplex constructed from dental pulp stem/progenitor cells (DPCs) and a collagen sponge scaffold for oro-maxillo-facial (OMF) bone tissue repair in patients requiring extraction of their third molars. The experiments were carried out according to our Internal Ethical Committee Guidelines and written informed consent was obtained from the patients. The patients presented with bilateral bone reabsorption of the alveolar ridge distal to the second molar secondary to impaction of the third molar on the cortical alveolar lamina, producing a defect without walls, of at least 1.5 cm in height. This clinical condition does not permit spontaneous bone repair after extraction of the third molar, and eventually leads to loss also of the adjacent second molar. Maxillary third molars were extracted first for DPC isolation and expansion. The cells were then seeded onto a collagen sponge scaffold and the obtained biocomplex was used to fill in the injury site left by extraction of the mandibular third molars. Three months after autologous DPC grafting, alveolar bone of patients had optimal vertical repair and complete restoration of periodontal tissue back to the second molars, as assessed by clinical probing and X-rays. Histological observations clearly demonstrated the complete regeneration of bone at the injury site. Optimal bone regeneration was evident one year after grafting. This clinical study demonstrates that a DPC/collagen sponge biocomplex can completely restore human mandible bone defects and indicates that this cell population could be used for the repair and/or regeneration of tissues and organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Histology and Embryology, TERM Division, 2nd University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: d'Aquino
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: Vladimiro
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tirino
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Laino
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graziano
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Desiderio
authors.forename: Gregorio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Laino
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papaccio
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000601:surgery*; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D003094:Collagen; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen