title: Disposition kinetics and tissue residues of danofloxacin in Muscovy ducks.
abstract: 1. The disposition kinetics and plasma availability of danofloxacin in Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral administrations of 5 mg/kg body weight were investigated. 2. Tissue residue profiles (liver, kidney and muscle) and plasma were also studied after multiple intramuscular and oral administration of 5 mg/kg once daily for 5 consecutive days. 3. The concentrations of the drug in the plasma and tissues were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection on samples collected at frequent intervals after drug administration. 4. Following intravenous injection, plasma concentration vs. time curves were best described by a two compartment open model. The decline in plasma drug concentration was bi-exponential with half-lives of (t(1/2alpha)) 0.08 h and (t(1/2beta)) 3.91 h for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. 5. After intramuscular and oral administration of danofloxacin at the same dose the peak plasma concentrations (C(max)) were 0.89 and 0.81 microg/ml and attained at 1.17 and 1.21 h (T(max)), respectively, and the elimination half-lives (T(1/2el)) were 2.91 and 2.39 h, respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 103.21 and 89.26%, following i.m. and oral admisistartion, respectively. In vitro protein binding percent of danofloxacin in Muscovy ducks plasma was 17%. 6. The tissue level following i.m. and oral administration were highest in liver and kidney, respectively, and decreased in the following order: plasma and muscle. No danofloxacin residues were detected in tissues and plasma after 96 h with either route of administration except in liver and kidney, after 120 h in case of oral administration.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, PO Box 12211, Giza, Egypt. aymangouda@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goudah
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mouneir
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D004372:Ducks / Q000378:metabolism*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C068581:danofloxacin