title: Repressive effect of the phytoestrogen genistein on estradiol-induced uterine leiomyoma cell proliferation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Uterine leiomyomas are the most common gynecological benign tumor and greatly affect reproductive health and well-being. They are the predominant indication for hysterectomy in premenopausal women. Current epidemiological study reported that soy products intake is inversely associated with diseases leading to hysterectomy. Genistein is a soy-derived phytoestrogen and its inhibitory effect on leiomyoma cell proliferation is reported. In this study, we investigated the siginificant inhibitory effect of genistein on estradiol (E(2))-induced leiomyoma cells proliferation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Eker rat-derived uterine leiomyoma cell line ELT-3 cells were used. Cell proliferation was assessed by counting the number of cells. The expression of estrogen receptors and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) was evaluated by Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PPARgamma was expressed in ELT-3 cells and genistein acted as PPARgamma ligand. This inhibitory effect of genistein was attenuated by the treatment of cells with PPARgamma antagonist bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) or GW9662.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These experimental findings in vitro show that the repressive effect of genistein on E(2)-induced ELT-3 cell proliferation is through the activation of PPARgamma. Genistein may be useful as an alternative therapy for leiomyoma.
authors.affiliation: Center for Asian Traditional Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Aoba, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Fumihito
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nishimoto
authors.forename: Ken-Ichirou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morishige
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004958:Estradiol; D005260:Female; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008024:Ligands; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D047495:PPAR gamma; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol; D019833:Genistein