title: Interventional effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on the progression of gastric precancerous lesions in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of Ginkgo biloba extract on gastric precancerous lesions in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 4-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: a control group, a model group, a low and a high dose Ginkgo biloba extract intervention group; 20 in each group. Gastric precancerous lesions were induced by giving them 100 mg/L N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) solution to drink ad libitum for 20 weeks. In addition to the MNNG, the intervention groups were lavaged with Ginkgo biloba extract (0.5 mg/kg/d in the low dose group, 1.5 mg/kg/d in the high dose group) for 20 weeks. Starting from week 21 all the rats were fed with normal rat chow and tap water. At the end of week 30 the rats were killed. The histopathological changes of their gastric mucosa, ISA, NGI, the serum and gastric mucosal SOD/MDA and the expressions of oncogenes were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of mild to severe intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia were significantly lower in the intervention groups than those in the model group (P < 0.01). The ISA and NGI in the intervention groups were significantly lower than those in the model group (P < 0.01). In the intervention groups the activity of SOD was increased and the concentration of MDA was decreased (P < 0.01). Expressions of Bcl-2, c-myc and FasL decreased in the intervention groups, whereas the expression of Fas increased. When compared with the model group, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ginkgo biloba extract can increase anti-oxidative activity and inhibit the progression of gastric precancerous lesions via the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xiao Yun
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Li Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Xiao Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yu Ye
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yi Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Da Yu
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000235:genetics; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000633:toxicity; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505662:Faslg protein, rat; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D012709:Serum Albumin; D019014:fas Receptor; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase