title: Dietary plasma protein supplements prevent the release of mucosal proinflammatory mediators in intestinal inflammation in rats.
abstract: Spray-dried plasma (SDP) is a complex mixture of active proteins that modulates the immune response of gut-associated lymphoid tissue. We examined whether SDP and Ig concentrate (IC) supplementation could modulate cytokine expression and inflammatory mediators in rats challenged with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB). Wistar-Lewis rats were fed diets supplemented with SDP (8% wt:wt), IC (1.5% wt:wt), or milk proteins (control diet) from weaning (d 21) to d 34 after birth. On d 32 and 35, the rats were given SEB (0.5 mg/kg; intraperitoneal). Six hours after the second SEB dose, jejunal mucosa and Peyer's patches (PP) from the small intestine were collected. The cytokines interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta), and leukotrienne B(4) (LTB(4)) were analyzed using commercial kits. SEB increased the release of proinflammatory mediators (IFNgamma, TNFalpha, IL-6, and LTB(4)) in PP (P < 0.05) and in the mucosa (P < 0.05). In both tissues, SDP prevented the increase in IFNgamma, IL-6, and LTB(4) induced by SEB (P < 0.05). IC reduced the expression of TNFalpha and LTB(4) in PP and mucosa (P < 0.05). SDP supplementation increased IL-10 and mature TGFbeta concentrations in intestinal mucosa from both inflamed and noninflamed rats. Both SDP and IC increased the mature:total TGFbeta ratio (all P < 0.05). Both supplements were effective at preventing the SEB-induced increase in proinflammatory:antiinflammatory cytokine ratios in PP and mucosa and in serum. The preventive effects of plasma supplements on intestinal inflammation involve modulation of intestinal cytokines, characterized by an increased expression of antiinflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy and the Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute of the University of Barcelona, Barcelona 08028, Spain. anna.perez@ub.edu
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez-Bosque
authors.forename: Lluïsa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miró
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polo
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crenshaw
authors.forename: Miquel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moretó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015519:Bone Density; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D004044:Dietary Proteins