title: Effectiveness of an epidural blood patch for patients with intracranial hypotension syndrome and persistent spinal epidural fluid collection after treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Magnetic resonance imaging may show a fluid collection in the spinal epidural space of patients with spontaneous intracranial hypotension syndrome (SIHS), but the chronological changes remain unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain and spine MR imaging findings were analyzed in 16 patients (9 women and 7 men, mean age 48.6 years) with SIHS before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diffuse dural enhancement was seen in 15 patients, and the epidural fluid collection in the spinal canal was clear in 15 and equivocal in 1. Symptoms disappeared after bed rest in 1 patient, and an epidural blood patch was performed in 15 patients, resulting in complete resolution of symptoms in 13. After the follow-up period (range 1-20 months, mean 5.0 months), 1 patient had persistent mild headache that gradually worsened in the afternoon, and another patient complained of heaviness of the eyes. Follow-up MR imaging demonstrated disappearance of the dural enhancement in all patients, but a fluid collection in the spinal canal remained in 4. Two of the 4 patients had persistent symptoms, but the other patients exhibited complete resolution of the symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An epidural blood patch is effective for sealing of CSF leaks, but the resolution of SIHS-related symptoms does not always imply complete eradication of the leakage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Japan. tohruh@yamanashi.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.forename: Arata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Mikito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinouchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017217:Blood Patch, Epidural; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D019585:Intracranial Hypotension / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome