title: Attenuation of pollutants in sanitary sewer overflow: comparative evaluation of treatment with fixed media bioreactors.
abstract: Five types of fixed media bioreactors (biofilters)--sand, felt (textile), peat, felt/sand, and peat/sand--were used to treat sanitary sewer overflow (SSO). A simulated 6-h peak flow of a 25-yr SSO event contained 40-125 mg/l biochemical oxygen demand (BOD(5)) and was loaded on the bioreactors at a high hydraulic loading rate of 0.2m/h. The sand bioreactors were the most effective in the treatment, reducing BOD(5) by 84+/-9%. The combination media peat/sand and felt/sand showed similar efficiency with peat, higher than felt. After the initial start-up, all the bioreactors reached >90% reduction of total suspended solids. The bioreactors also effectively removed ammonia and total phosphorus concentrations in a 2-h SSO loading, which would occur more often than a 6-h peak flow in a 25-yr SSO event. The effluent concentration of nutrients increased with continued loadings after the first 2h.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Science Graduate Program, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mancl
authors.forename: Olli H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Tuovinen
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002947:Cities; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012722:Sewage; D013997:Time Factors; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014876:Water Pollution; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; D010100:Oxygen