title: Quercetin's influence on exercise performance and muscle mitochondrial biogenesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the influence of 2 wk of quercetin (Q; 1000 mg x d(-1)) compared with placebo (P) supplementation on exercise performance and skeletal muscle mitochondrial biogenesis in untrained, young adult males (N = 26, age = 20.2 +/- 0.4 yr, VO2max = 46.3 +/- 1.2 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a randomized, crossover design with a 2-wk washout period, subjects provided blood and muscle biopsy samples presupplementation and postsupplementation periods and were given 12-min time trials on 15% graded treadmills after 60 min of moderate exercise preloads at 60% VO2max.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma Q levels rose significantly in Q versus P during the 2-wk supplementation period (interaction P value <0.001). During the 12-min trial, the net change in distance achieved was significantly greater during Q (2.9%) compared with P (-1.2%; 29.5 +/- 11.5 vs -11.9 +/- 16.0 m, respectively, P = 0.038). Skeletal muscle messenger RNA expression tended to increase (range = 16-25%) during Q versus P for sirtuin 1 (interaction effect, P = 0.152), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1alpha (P = 0.192), cytochrome c oxidase (P = 0.081), and citrate synthase (P = 0.166). Muscle mitochondrial DNA (relative copy number per diploid nuclear genome) increased 140 +/- 154 (4.1%) with Q compared with -225 +/- 157 (6.0% decrease) with P (P = 0.098).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, 1000 mg x d(-1) Q versus P for 2 wk by untrained males was associated with a small but significant improvement in 12-min treadmill time trial performance and modest but insignificant increases in the relative copy number of mitochondrial DNA and messenger RNA levels of four genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Leisure, and Exercise Science, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA. niemandc@appstate.edu
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Nieman
authors.forename: Ashley S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: R Andrew
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Shanely
authors.forename: Fuxia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: McAnulty
authors.forename: N Travis
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Triplett
authors.forename: Melanie D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: Dru A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Henson
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011794:Quercetin