title: The Enhancing Secondary Prevention in Coronary Artery Disease trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proven efficacious therapies are sometimes underused in patients with chronic cardiac conditions, resulting in suboptimal outcomes. We evaluated whether evidence summaries, which were either unsigned or signed by local opinion leaders, improved the quality of secondary prevention care delivered by primary care physicians of patients with coronary artery disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a randomized trial, clustered at the level of the primary care physician, with 3 study arms: control, unsigned statements or opinion leader statements. The statements were faxed to primary care physicians of adults with coronary artery disease at the time of elective cardiac catheterization. The primary outcome was improvement in statin management (initiation or dose increase) 6 months after catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We enrolled 480 adults from 252 practices. Although statin use was high at baseline (n=316 [66%]), most patients were taking a low dose (mean 32% of the guideline-recommended dose), and their low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels were elevated (mean 3.09 mmol/L). Six months after catheterization, statin management had improved in 79 of 157 patients (50%) in the control arm, 85 of 158 (54%) patients in the unsigned statement group (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.18, 95% CI 0.71-1.94, p=0.52) and 99 of 165 (60%) patients in the opinion leader statement group (adjusted OR 1.51, 95% CI 0.94-2.42, p=0.09). The mean fasting LDL cholesterol levels after 6 months were similar in all 3 study arms: 2.35 (standard deviation [SD] 0.86) mmol/L in the control arm compared with 2.24 (SD 0.73) among those in the opinion leader group (p=0.48) and 2.19 (SD 0.68) in the unsigned statement group (p=0.32).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Faxed evidence reminders for primary care physicians, even when endorsed by local opinion leaders, were insufficient to optimize the quality of care for adults with coronary artery disease. ClinicalTrials.gov trial register no. NCT00175240.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, the Royal Alexandra Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta. finlay.mcalister@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Finlay A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: McAlister
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fradette
authors.forename: Sumit R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Majumdar
authors.forename: Randall
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McMeekin
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Ghali
authors.forename: Ross T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Tsuyuki
authors.forename: Merril L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Knudtson
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grimshaw
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000193:education*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors