title: Inhibition of hyaluronidase activity of human and rat spermatozoa in vitro and antispermatogenic activity in rats in vivo by Terminalia chebula, a flavonoid rich plant.
abstract: Our interest in development of hyaluronidase inhibitors as male antifertility agents led to identification of Terminalia chebula (T. chebula) plant with hyaluronidase (HAase) inhibitory activity of human spermatozoa ( approximately 93% inhibition) and rat caudal epididymal spermatozoa ( approximately 86% inhibition) in vitro at 30 mg/ml. We further demonstrated inhibition of hyaluronidase activity of testis and epididymal spermatozoa in vivo coincident with antispermatogenic activity and contraceptive efficacy of TC extract administered at 50 and 100mg/kg/day orally for 60 days in male albino rats. The significant decrease in motility, count and increase in morphological abnormalities of epididymal spermatozoa and severe reduction in fertility (-100%) of male rats treated with T. chebula fruit extract at 100mg/kg dose could be attributed to either direct effect on testis or direct or indirect interference with sperm maturation in epididymis, and/or inhibition of testicular and epididymal sperm hyaluronidase enzyme in vivo probably caused by flavonoids like tannins present in T. chebula.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India. archana1849@gmail.com
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastav
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: Madhulika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Farrukh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jamal
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rastogi
authors.forename: Siron Mani
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rajendran
authors.forename: Falgun Wanganuji
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Bansode
authors.forename: Vijai
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lakshmi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000988:Antispermatogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004822:Epididymis / Q000187:drug effects; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D029766:Terminalia / Q000737:chemistry*; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000988:Antispermatogenic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase