title: Histamine and H3 receptor-dependent mechanisms regulate ethanol stimulation and conditioned place preference in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuronal histamine has a prominent role in sleep-wake control and body homeostasis, but a number of studies suggest that histamine has also a role in higher brain functions including drug reward.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present experiments characterized the involvement of histamine and its H3 receptor in ethanol-related behaviors in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male histidine decarboxylase knockout (HDC KO) and control mice were used to study the role of histamine in ethanol-induced stimulation of locomotor activity, impairment of motor coordination, and conditioned place preference (CPP). Male C57BL/6Sca mice were used to study the effects of H3 receptor antagonist in the effects of ethanol on locomotor activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The HDC KO mice displayed a weaker stimulatory response to acute ethanol than the wild-type (WT) mice. No differences between genotypes were found after ethanol administration on accelerating rotarod. The HDC KO mice showed stronger ethanol-induced CPP than the WT mice. Binding of the GABA(A) receptor ligand [(3)H]Ro15-4513 was not markedly changed in HDC KO mouse brain and thus could not explain altered responses in KO mice. Ethanol increased the activity of C57BL/6Sca mice, and H3 receptor antagonist ciproxifan inhibited this stimulation. In CPP paradigm ciproxifan, an H3 receptor inverse agonist potentiated ethanol reward.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histaminergic neurotransmission seems to be necessary for the stimulatory effect of ethanol to occur, whereas lack of histamine leads to changes that enhance the conditioned reward by ethanol. Our findings also suggest a role for histamine H3 receptor in modulation of the ethanol stimulation and reward.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Center, Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 63, Haartmaninkatu 8, Helsinki, FIN-00014, Finland. saara.nuutinen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Saara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nuutinen
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karlstedt
authors.forename: Teemu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aitta-Aho
authors.forename: Esa R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Korpi
authors.forename: Pertti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panula
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3 / Q000378:metabolism; D012201:Reward
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3; D000431:Ethanol; D006632:Histamine; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase