title: The solubilisation of boar sperm membranes by different detergents - a microscopic, MALDI-TOF MS, (31)P NMR and PAGE study on membrane lysis, extraction efficiency, lipid and protein composition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detergents are often used to isolate proteins, lipids as well as "detergent-resistant membrane domains" (DRMs) from cells. Different detergents affect different membrane structures according to their physico-chemical properties. However, the effects of different detergents on membrane lysis of boar spermatozoa and the lipid composition of DRMs prepared from the affected sperm membranes have not been investigated so far.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spermatozoa were treated with the selected detergents Pluronic F-127, sodium cholate, CHAPS, Tween 20, Triton X-100 and Brij 96V. Different patterns of membrane disintegration were observed by light and electron microscopy. In accordance with microscopic data, different amounts of lipids and proteins were released from the cells by the different detergents. The biochemical methods to assay the phosphorus and cholesterol contents as well as 31P NMR to determine the phospholipids were not influenced by the presence of detergents since comparable amounts of lipids were detected in the organic extracts from whole cell suspensions after exposure to each detergent. However, matrix-assisted laser desorption and ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry applied to identify phospholipids was essentially disturbed by the presence of detergents which exerted particular suppression effects on signal intensities. After separation of the membrane fractions released by detergents on a sucrose gradient only Triton X-100 and sodium cholate produced sharp turbid DRM bands. Only membrane solubilisation by Triton X-100 leads to an enrichment of cholesterol, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylethanolamine in a visible DRM band accompanied by a selective accumulation of proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The boar sperm membranes are solubilised to a different extent by the used detergents. Particularly, the very unique DRMs isolated after Triton X-100 exposure are interesting candidates for further studies regarding the architecture of sperm.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany. jakop@izw-berlin.de
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Jakop
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Rosmarie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Süss
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wibbelt
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D003902:Detergents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012995:Solubility; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids