title: Hydrogen peroxide affects contractile activity and anti-oxidant enzymes in rat uterus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) on uterine smooth muscle are not well studied. We have investigated the effect and the mechanism of action of exogenous hydrogen peroxide on rat uteri contractile activity [spontaneous and calcium ion (Ca(2+))-induced] and the effect of such treatment on anti-oxidative enzyme activities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uteri were isolated from virgin Wistar rats and suspended in an organ bath. Uteri were allowed to contract spontaneously or in the presence of Ca(2+) (6 mM) and treated with H(2)O(2) (2 microM-3 mM) over 2 h. Anti-oxidative enzyme activities (manganese superoxide dismutase-MnSOD, copper-zinc superoxide dismutase-CuZnSOD, catalase-CAT, glutathione peroxidase-GSHPx and glutathione reductase-GR) in H(2)O(2)-treated uteri were compared with those in uteri immediately frozen after isolation or undergoing spontaneous or Ca(2+)-induced contractions, without treatment with H(2)O(2). The effect of inhibitors (propranolol, methylene blue, L-NAME, tetraethylamonium, glibenclamide and 4-aminopyridine) on H(2)O(2)-mediated relaxation was explored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  H(2)O(2) caused concentration-dependent relaxation of both spontaneous and Ca(2+)-induced uterine contractions. After H(2)O(2) treatment, GSHPx and MnSOD activities were increased, while CuZnSOD and GR (In Ca(2+)-induced rat uteri) were decreased. N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester antagonized the effect of H(2)O(2) on Ca(2+)-induced contractions. H(2)O(2)-induced relaxation was not affected by propranolol, potentiated by methylene blue and antagonized by tetraethylamonium, 4-aminopyridine and glibenclamide, with the last compound being the least effective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H(2)O(2) induced dose-dependent relaxation of isolated rat uteri mainly via changes in voltage-dependent potassium channels. Decreasing generation of reactive oxygen species by stimulation of anti-oxidative pathways may lead to new approaches to the management of dysfunctional uteri.
authors.affiliation: University of Belgrade, Institute for Biological Research Sinisa Stankovic, Department of Physiology, Belgrade, Serbia. kuabena@yahoo.com
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Appiah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milovanovic
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radojicic
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikolic-Kokic
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Orescanin-Dusic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slavic
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trbojevic
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skrbic
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Spasic
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blagojevic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D002118:Calcium