title: Total phenolic content, radical scavenging properties, and essential oil composition of Origanum species from different populations.
abstract: The aim of this work was to compare the antiradical activity, total phenol content (TPC), and essential oil composition of Origanum vulgare spp. virens, Origanum x applii, Origanum x majoricum, and O. vulgare spp. vulgare cultivated in Argentina in different localities. The experiment was conducted in the research station of La Consulta (INTA-Mendoza), the research station of Santa Lucia (INTA-San Juan), and Agronomy Faculty of National University of La Pampa, from 2007 to 2008. The composition of the essential oils of oregano populations was independent of cultivation conditions. In total, 39 compounds were identified in essential oils of oregano from Argentina by means of GC-MS. Thymol and trans-sabinene hydrate were the most prominent compounds, followed by gamma-terpinene, terpinen-4-ol, and alpha-terpinene. O. vulgare vulgare is the only Origanum studied which is rich in gamma-terpinene. Among tested oregano, O. x majoricum showed the highest essential oil content, 3.9 mg g(-1) dry matter. The plant extract of O. x majoricum had greater total phenol content values, 19.36 mg/g dry weight, than the rest of oregano studied. To find relationships among TPC, free radical scavenging activity (FRSA), and climate variables, canonical correlations were calculated. The results obtained allow us to conclude that 70% of the TPC and FRSA variability can be explained by the climate variables (R(2) = 0.70; p = 8.3 x 10(-6)), the temperature being the most important climatic variable.
authors.affiliation: Cátedra de Química Orgánica-Productos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, IMBIV-CONICET-ICTA Av Velez Sarsfield 1611, Ciudad Universitaria, Cordoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: José S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dambolena
authors.forename: María P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Zunino
authors.forename: Enrique I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Lucini
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olmedo
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Banchio
authors.forename: Paula J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bima
authors.forename: Julio A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zygadlo
mesh_terms: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis*; D031341:Origanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts