title: Heterotopic ossification in patients with hip osteoarthritis below forty years old after total hip replacement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Even though heterotopic ossification (HO) is most often asymptomatic in patients after total hip replacement (THR), it remains a serious problem in orthopaedics as it is observed in nearly all operated patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The article presents a pre- and post-operative retrospective analysis of heterotopic ossification based on radiographic evidence. The study involved 77 patients below forty years old who underwent THR due to degenerative changes. Heterotopic ossification was evaluated using Brooker's basic four-grade scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heterotopic ossification was diagnosed more often in women. The study confirmed once again that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) prophylaxis reduces the risk of ossification. We propose that the hydroxyapatite coating of implants may also contribute to a higher incidence of heterotopic ossification in operated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A history of surgical procedures and a lack of NSAID prophylaxis contributed to heterotopic ossification in the region of the replaced hip joint in the study group.
authors.affiliation: Dr J. Daab Regional Independent Public Hospital of Trauma Surgery, Piekary Slaskie, Poland.
authors.forename: Bogdan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koczy
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stołtny
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swiderski
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pyda
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pajak
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spindel
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wawrzynek
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miszczyk
authors.forename: Sławomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasperczyk
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Widuchowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015984:Causality; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006618:Hip Dislocation, Congenital / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible