title: Sickle cell cholangiopathy: an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography evaluation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and twenty four SCD patients with cholestatic jaundice (CJ) had ERCP. The indications for ERCP were based on clinical and biochemical evidence of CJ and ultrasound findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and forty ERCPs were performed. The indications for ERCP were: CJ only in 79, CJ and dilated bile ducts without stones in 103, and CJ and bile duct stones in 42. For those with CJ only, ERCP was normal in 42 (53.2%), and 13 (16.5%) had dilated bile ducts without an obstructive cause. In the remaining 22, there were bile duct stones with or without dilation. For those with CJ, dilated bile ducts and no stones, ERCP was normal in 17 (16.5%), and 28 (27.2%) had dilated bile ducts without an obstructive cause. In the remaining 58, there were bile ducts stones with or without dilation. For those with CJ and bile duct stones, ERCP was normal in two (4.8%), and 14 (33.3%) had dilated bile ducts without an obstructive cause. In the remaining 26, there were bile duct stones with or without dilatation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considering the high frequency of biliary sludge and bile duct stones in SCD, endoscopic sphincterotomy might prove helpful in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Qatif, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Hussain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Issa
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Haddad
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Salem
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002758:Cholangiography; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult