title: Bilateral or unilateral cochlear implantation for deaf children: an observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cochlear implantation in one ear (unilateral implantation) has been the standard treatment for severe-profound childhood deafness. We assessed whether cochlear implantation in both ears (bilateral implantation) is associated with better listening skills, higher health-related quality of life (health utility) and higher general quality of life (QOL) than unilateral implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University of York.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty severely-profoundly deaf and 56 normally-hearing children recruited via a charity, the UK National Health Service and schools.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty of the deaf children had received bilateral cochlear implants; 20 had unilateral cochlear implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Performance measures of children's listening skills; parental-proxy valuations of the deaf children's health utility obtained with the Health Utilities Index Mark 3 and of their QOL obtained with a visual analogue scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On average, bilaterally-implanted children performed significantly better than unilaterally implanted children on tests of sound localisation and speech perception in noise. After conservative imputation of missing data and while controlling for confounds, bilateral implantation was associated with increases of 18.5% in accuracy of sound localisation (95% CI 5.9 to 31.1) and of 3.7 dB in speech perception in noise (95% CI 0.9 to 6.5). Bilaterally-implanted children did not perform as well as normally-hearing children, on average. Bilaterally- and unilaterally-implanted children did not differ significantly in parental ratings of health utility (difference in medians 0.05, p>0.05) or QOL (difference in medians 0.01, p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with unilateral cochlear implantation, bilateral implantation is associated with better listening skills in severely-profoundly deaf children.
authors: Department of Psychology, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK.
authors: R E S
authors: RE
authors: Lovett
authors: P T
authors: PT
authors: Kitterick
authors: C E
authors: CE
authors: Hewitt
authors: A Q
authors: AQ
authors: Summerfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003638:Deafness / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006320:Hearing Tests / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013067:Speech Perception; D016896:Treatment Outcome