title: Abnormal CTLA-4 function in T cells from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: CTLA-4 is a critical gatekeeper of T-cell activation and immunological tolerance and has been implicated in patients with a variety of autoimmune diseases through genetic association. Since T cells from patients with the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) display a characteristic hyperactive phenotype, we investigated the function of CTLA-4 in SLE. Our results reveal increased CTLA-4 expression in FOXP3(-) responder T cells from patients with SLE compared with other autoimmune rheumatic diseases and healthy controls. However, CTLA-4 was unable to regulate T-cell proliferation, lipid microdomain formation and phosphorylation of TCR-zeta following CD3/CD28 co-stimulation, in contrast to healthy T cells. Although lupus T cells responded in vitro to CD3/CD28 co-stimulation, there was no parallel increase in CTLA-4 expression, which would normally provide a break on T-cell proliferation. These defects were associated with exclusion of CTLA-4 from lipid microdomains providing an anatomical basis for its loss of function. Collectively our data identify CTLA-4 dysfunction as a potential cause for abnormal T-cell activation in patients with SLE, which could be targeted for therapy.
authors: Department of Medicine, Centre for Rheumatology, University College London, London, UK. e.jury@ucl.ac.uk
authors: Elizabeth C
authors: EC
authors: Jury
authors: Fabian
authors: F
authors: Flores-Borja
authors: Hardeep S
authors: HS
authors: Kalsi
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Lazarus
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Isenberg
authors: Claudia
authors: C
authors: Mauri
authors: Michael R
authors: MR
authors: Ehrenstein
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D017252:CD3 Complex; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors