Illness during pregnancy and bacterial vaginosis are associated with in-utero HIV-1 transmission.
HIV-1 transmission in utero accounts for 20-30% of vertical transmission events in breast-feeding populations. In a prospective study of 463 HIV-1-infected mothers and infants, illness during pregnancy was associated with 2.6-fold increased risk of in-utero HIV-1 transmission [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-5.8] and bacterial vaginosis with a three-fold increase (95% CI 1.0-7.0) after adjusting for maternal HIV-1 viral load. Interventions targeting these novel risk factors could lead to more effective prevention of transmission during pregnancy.
Farquhar
Carey
C
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, 325 Ninth Avenue, Box 359909, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. cfarq@u.washington.edu
Mbori-Ngacha
Dorothy
D
Overbaugh
Julie
J
Wamalwa
Dalton
D
Harris
Jennifer
J
Bosire
Rose
R
John-Stewart
Grace
G
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D012307:Risk Factors; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*