title: Determination of sulfonamides in swine muscle after salting-out assisted liquid extraction with acetonitrile coupled with back-extraction by a water/acetonitrile/dichloromethane ternary component system prior to high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: A salting-out assisted liquid extraction coupled with back-extraction by a water/acetonitrile/dichloromethane ternary component system combined with high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) was developed for the extraction and determination of sulfonamides in solid tissue samples. After the homogenization of the swine muscle with acetonitrile and salt-promoted partitioning, an aliquot of 1 mL of the acetonitrile extract containing a small amount of dichloromethane (250-400 microL) was alkalinized with diethylamine. The clear organic extract obtained by centrifugation was used as a donor phase and then a small amount of water (40-55 microL) could be used as an acceptor phase to back-extract the analytes in the water/acetonitrile/dichloromethane ternary component system. In the back-extraction procedure, after mixing and centrifuging, the sedimented phase would be water and could be withdrawn easily into a microsyringe and directly injected into the HPLC system. Under the optimal conditions, recoveries were determined for swine muscle fortified at 10 ng/g and quantification was achieved by matrix-matched calibration. The calibration curves of five sulfonamides showed linearity with the coefficient of estimation above 0.998. Relative recoveries for the analytes were all from 96.5 to 109.2% with relative standard deviation of 2.7-4.0%. Preconcentration factors ranged from 16.8 to 30.6 for 1 mL of the acetonitrile extract. Limits of detection ranged from 0.2 to 1.0 ng/g.
authors: Department of Food Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, No. 1, Hseuh-Fu Road, Nei-Pu, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan.
authors: Wen-Hsien
authors: WH
authors: Tsai
authors: Tzou-Chi
authors: TC
authors: Huang
authors: Ho-Hsien
authors: HH
authors: Chen
authors: Yuh-Wern
authors: YW
authors: Wu
authors: Joh-Jong
authors: JJ
authors: Huang
authors: Hung-Yi
authors: HY
authors: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004048:Diethylamines / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013552:Swine; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D004048:Diethylamines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014867:Water; D008752:Methylene Chloride; C034281:diethylamine; C032159:acetonitrile