Clinical applications of a peptide-based vaccine for glioblastoma.
Glioblastoma multiforme is a malignant, relentless brain cancer with no known cure, and standard therapies leave significant room for the development of better, more effective treatments. Immunotherapy is a promising approach to the treatment of solid tumors that directs the patient's own immune system to destroy tumor cells. The most successful immunologically based cancer therapy to date involves the passive administration of monoclonal antibodies, but significant antitumor responses have also been generated with active vaccination strategies and cell-transfer therapies. This article summarizes the important components of the immune system, discusses the specific difficulty of immunologic privilege in the central nervous system, and reviews treatment approaches that are being attempted, with an emphasis on active immunotherapy using peptide vaccines.
Kanaly
Charles W
CW
Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3050, 220 Sands Building, Research Drive, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Ding
Dale
D
Heimberger
Amy B
AB
Sampson
John H
JH
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D000939:Epitopes; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007109:Immunity; D007167:Immunotherapy; D014611:Vaccination; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit