title: Transpulmonary cardiac output measurement in a rat model of cardiac arrest and CPR: impact of vascular access.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated the impact of the vascular access site for cardiac output (CO) measurement by thermodilution on survival and neurohistopathological injury in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Secondary the influence of the vascular access site on cardiac output measurements was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats underwent asphyxial CA and CPR. Thermocouple probes were either placed via the femoral artery into the bifurcation of abdominal aorta/iliac artery (Femoral) or via the carotid artery into the aortic arch (Carotid). CPR was initiated after 9 min CA. Local cerebral blood flow (lCBF) and CO were assessed for 120 min after restoration of spontaneous circulation. Neurohistopathological injury was determined using Fluoro-Jade B staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival was reduced in the Carotid group compared to the Femoral group (p<0.01). Fluoro-Jade B staining in the hippocampus showed no difference between CA groups. CO measurements were comparable between femoral and carotid artery access sites. lCBF revealed a delayed hyperperfusion in the Carotid group only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates the influence of the vascular access site for placing thermocouple probes for CO measurement on animal survival after CA/CPR. CO did not differ between the two access sites with consequential different detection sites. Use of the femoral access for CO measurement is recommended for long-term survival after CA/CPR.
authors: Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors: Robert F
authors: RF
authors: Kelm
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Wagenführer
authors: Irene
authors: I
authors: Schmidtmann
authors: Kristin
authors: K
authors: Engelhard
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Werner
authors: Rüdiger R
authors: RR
authors: Noppens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002302:Cardiac Output; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006334:Heart Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley