Screening renal artery angiography in hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angiography and 6-month follow-up after ad hoc percutaneous revascularization.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence and independent predictors of significant atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (RAS) in unselected hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angiography and to assess the 6-month outcome of those patients with a significant RAS.


METHODS
One thousand, four hundred and three consecutive hypertensive patients undergoing drive-by renal arteriography were analyzed retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors of RAS. In patients with significant RAS (>or=50% luminal narrowing), 6-month follow-up was assessed and outcome was compared between patients with or without renal revascularization.


RESULTS
The prevalence of significant RAS was 8%. After multivariate analysis, coronary [odds ratio 5.3; 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7-10.3; P < 0.0001], peripheral (odds ratio 3.3; 95% CI 2.0-5.5; P < 0.0001), and cerebral artery (odds ratio 2.8; 95% CI 1.5-5.3; P = 0.001) diseases, and impaired renal function (odds ratio 2.9; 95% CI 1.8-4.5; P < 0.0001) were found as independent predictors. At least one of these predictors was present in 96% of patients with RAS. In 74 patients (66%) with significant RAS, an ad hoc revascularization was performed. At follow-up, creatinine clearance was significantly higher in revascularized than in nonrevascularized patients (69.2 vs. 55.5 ml/min per 1.73 m, P = 0.029). By contrast, blood pressure was comparable between both groups, but nonrevascularized patients were taking significantly more antihypertensive drugs as compared with baseline (2.7 vs. 2.1, follow-up vs. baseline; P = 0.0066).


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of atherosclerotic RAS in unselected hypertensive patients undergoing coronary angiography was low. Coronary, peripheral, and cerebral artery diseases, and impaired renal function were independent predictors of RAS. Ad hoc renal revascularization was associated with better renal function and fewer intake of antihypertensive drugs at follow-up.
Rimoldi
Stefano F
SF
Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
de Marchi
Stefano F
SF
Windecker
Stephan
S
Meier
Bernhard
B
Allemann
Yves
Y
D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D003404:Creatinine