title: Management of upper abdominal laxity after massive weight loss: reverse abdominoplasty and inframammary fold reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Central to body contouring after weight loss surgery is treatment of the abdominal region, often through a circumferential abdominoplasty. This procedure, however, neglects the laxity of the lower thoracic/upper abdominal region. A reverse abdominoplasty with reconstruction of a new inframammary fold (IMF) corrects this deformity through removal of excess skin along the IMF. Since 2002, we have performed 88 reverse abdominoplasty procedures within the context of a single or staged total-body lift (TBL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of 129 TBL cases indicated that 88 patients had a combined or staged reverse abdominoplasty and circumferential abdominoplasty. Complication rates were noted as localized or generalized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three of our patients had combined reverse abdominoplasty and circumferential abdominoplasty and 35 had the reverse abdominoplasty during a second stage. The complication rates for both groups were about 5% per patient per procedure with differences that were not statistically significant. Also, the revision rates for reverse abdominoplasty and circumferential abdominoplasty were similar for both groups, indicating patient satisfaction with the procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In selected patients, effective treatment of the abdominal region demands correction of both the upper and lower abdominal laxity and contour. This can be performed safely, effectively, and reliably by a reverse abdominoplasty with IMF reconstruction independently or simultaneously with circumferential abdominoplasty.
authors: Hurwitz Center for Plastic Surgery, 3109 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. dragha@plasticsurgerycal.com
authors: Siamak
authors: S
authors: Agha-Mohammadi
authors: Dennis J
authors: DJ
authors: Hurwitz
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015431:Weight Loss