Effects of yoga program on quality of life and affect in early breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy: a randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
This study compares the effects of an integrated yoga program with brief supportive therapy in breast cancer outpatients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy at a cancer centre.


METHODS
Eighty-eight stage II and III breast cancer outpatients were randomly assigned to receive yoga (n = 44) or brief supportive therapy (n = 44) prior to their radiotherapy treatment. Intervention consisted of yoga sessions lasting 60 min daily while the control group was imparted supportive therapy once in 10 days. Assessments included European Organization for Research in the Treatment of Cancer-Quality of Life (EORTCQoL C30) functional scales and Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). Assessments were done at baseline and after 6 weeks of radiotherapy treatment.


RESULTS
An intention to treat GLM repeated measures ANOVA showed significant difference across groups over time for positive affect, negative affect and emotional function and social function. There was significant improvement in positive affect (ES = 0.59, p = 0.007, 95%CI 1.25 to 7.8), emotional function (ES = 0.71, p = 0.001, 95%CI 6.45 to 25.33) and cognitive function (ES = 0.48, p = 0.03, 95%CI 1.2 to 18.5), and decrease in negative affect (ES = 0.84, p<0.001, 95%CI -13.4 to -4.4) in the yoga group as compared to controls. There was a significant positive correlation between positive affect with role function, social function and global quality of life. There was a significant negative correlation between negative affect with physical function, role function, emotional function and social function.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest a possible role for yoga to improve quality of life and affect in breast cancer outpatients.
Vadiraja
H S
HS
Department of Yoga Research, Swami Vivekananda Yoga Anusandhana Samsthana, Bangalore, India.
Rao
M Raghavendra
MR
Nagarathna
Raghuram
R
Nagendra
H R
HR
Rekha
M
M
Vanitha
N
N
Gopinath
K S
KS
Srinath
B S
BS
Vishweshwara
M S
MS
Madhavi
Y S
YS
Ajaikumar
B S
BS
Bilimagga
S Ramesh
SR
Rao
Nalini
N
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003071:Cognition; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012919:Social Behavior; D015013:Yoga / Q000523:psychology*