Selenium enrichment of broccoli sprout extract increases chemosensitivity and apoptosis of LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
BACKGROUND
Broccoli is a Brassica vegetable that is believed to possess chemopreventive properties. Selenium also shows promise as an anticancer agent. Thus, selenium enrichment of broccoli has the potential to enhance the anticancer properties of broccoli sprouts.


METHODS
Selenium-enriched broccoli sprouts were prepared using a sodium selenite solution. Their anticancer properties were evaluated in human prostate cancer cell lines and compared with those of a control broccoli sprout extract.


RESULTS
Selenium-enriched broccoli sprouts were superior to normal broccoli sprouts in inhibiting cell proliferation, decreasing prostate-specific antigen secretion, and inducing apoptosis of prostate cancer cells. Furthermore, selenium-enriched broccoli sprouts but, not normal broccoli sprouts, induced a downregulation of the survival Akt/mTOR pathway.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that selenium-enriched broccoli sprouts could potentially be used as an alternative selenium source for prostate cancer prevention and therapy.
Abdulah
Rizky
R
Department of Public Health, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. abdulahrizky@gmail.com
Faried
Ahmad
A
Kobayashi
Kenji
K
Yamazaki
Chiho
C
Suradji
Eka W
EW
Ito
Kazuto
K
Suzuki
Kazuhiro
K
Murakami
Masami
M
Kuwano
Hiroyuki
H
Koyama
Hiroshi
H
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D012643:Selenium