title: Prostaglandin-D synthetase induces transcription of the LH beta subunit in the primary culture of chicken anterior pituitary cells via the PPAR signaling pathway.
abstract: Downstream effects of prostaglandin-D synthetase (PGDS) in a primary culture of chicken (Gallus gallus) anterior pituitary cells were investigated to study how PGDS regulated laying in hens. Either PGDS downstream metabolite, PGD(2) or PGJ(2), elevated LHB mRNA and LHB protein levels in dose- and time-dependent manners, and treatment with arachidonic acid (1 microM) alone upregulated 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15-d-PGJ(2); derived from PGJ(2))/PGJ(2), LHB mRNA, and LHB protein levels (P<0.05) in the primary culture of chicken pituitary anterior cells. Transfection of the plasmid Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein-PGDS plasmid into these cells in medium containing 1 microM arachidonic acid additionally increased 15-d-PGJ(2)/PGJ(2), LHB mRNA, and LHB protein levels (P<0.05). In the hypothalamus/pituitary gland of laying hens, there was a high correlation (r=0.64; P<0.05) between PGDS and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor A (PPARA) mRNA level in a high egg production strain, the L2 Taiwan country chickens. In commercial Single-Comb White Leghorn layers, there were high correlation coefficients between PGDS and PPARA (r=0.65; P<0.05) and between PGDS and PPARG (r=0.67; P<0.01) mRNA levels. A broad-range PPARs agonist, GW9578 (5 to 500 nM), enhanced LHB mRNA and LHB protein levels (P<0.05). The PPARA-specific (GW6471) and PPARG-specific (T0070907) antagonists suppressed endogenous LHB mRNA and LHB protein levels (P<0.05); in addition, both antagonists attenuated arachidonic acid-induced LHB mRNA levels (P<0.05) and PGDS-induced (in the presence of 1 microM arachidonic acid) LHB mRNA and LHB protein (P<0.05) levels in the primary culture of chicken anterior pituitary cells. Higher LHB mRNA/LHB protein ratios in PGD(2)-, PGJ(2)-, arachidonic acid-, PGDS-, and GW9578-induced as well as GW6471- and T0070907-suppressed anterior pituitary cells suggested that LHB transcription occurred before translation. In conclusion, PGDS induced LHB transcription and subsequent translation via the PPAR signaling pathway.
authors: Division of Physiology, Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Council of Agriculture, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: L-R
authors: LR
authors: Chen
authors: S-C
authors: SC
authors: Lee
authors: Y-P
authors: YP
authors: Lin
authors: Y-L
authors: YL
authors: Hsieh
authors: Y-L
authors: YL
authors: Chen
authors: J-R
authors: JR
authors: Yang
authors: J-F
authors: JF
authors: Liou
authors: C-F
authors: CF
authors: Chen
authors: Y-P
authors: YP
authors: Lee
authors: Y-L
authors: YL
authors: Shiue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D037101:Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000378:metabolism*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D037101:Luteinizing Hormone, beta Subunit; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases