Differences in self-rated health among older immigrants--a comparison between older Finland-Swedes and Finns in Sweden.
OBJECTIVE
Research has shown a tendency among immigrants and ethnic minorities to have a lower health status compared with the majority population. This applies to Finnish immigrants in Sweden. This group, however, also consists of persons who belong to a small ethnic minority in Finland, the Finland-Swedes, who speak Swedish as their mother tongue. In Finland, this minority has been shown to have better health and longer lives than the majority of Finnish-speaking people. Most of the previous research has studied the objective health of immigrants and minorities, while less is known about their subjective health. The aim of this study was to describe and compare self-rated health in older Finland-Swedes and Finns living as immigrants in Sweden.


METHODS
The study was carried out as a sample-based cross-sectional study. Data was collected by a postal structured questionnaire. The response rate among the Finland-Swedes was 47% (n = 169) and among the Finns was 54% (n = 643). Data was analyzed descriptively and tested with Pearson's chi-square test.


RESULTS
The results showed significant differences between the language groups in self-rated health, age of retirement and causes for retirement. The Finland-Swede immigrants rated their health as better than the Finnish-speaking ones. They had retired at an older age and less frequently because of health problems.


CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that there may be significant differences in health, at least in subjective health, between immigrant groups. Due to the low response rate, the results cannot be generalized.
Kulla
Gunilla E
GE
Age Institute, Helsinki, Finland. gunilla.kulla@pp.inet.fi
Ekman
Sirkka-Lsa
SL
Heikkilä
A Kristina
AK
Sarvimäki
Anneli M
AM
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D006304:Health Status; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012042:Registries; D012179:Retirement; D012649:Self Concept; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology