Towards control of Streptococcus iniae.
Streptococcus iniae is an emerging zoonotic pathogen; such infections generally occur through injuries associated with preparing whole fresh fish for cooking. Those infected to date have been of Asian descent, are usually elderly (average age 68 years), and have had >/=1 underlying conditions that may predispose them to infection. Studies of the foundations of growth characteristics of S. iniae and its interactions with piscine host cells have recently been complemented by molecular studies. Advances in molecular biology have allowed research groups to identify numerous virulence factors and to explore their roles in the progression of S. iniae infection. Many of these virulence factors are homologous to those found in the major human pathogen S. pyogenes. An increased understanding of the properties of these factors and their effect on the success of infection is leading to novel approaches to control S. iniae infection; in particular, vaccination programs at fish farms have reduced the reservoir of infection for additional clinical cases.
Baiano
Justice C F
JC
The University of Queensland, Aquatic Animal Health Laboratory, Centre for Marine Studies, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia. justice.baiano@gmail.com
Barnes
Andrew C
AC
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D016667:Bacterial Capsules / Q000502:physiology; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000502:physiology; D005399:Fishes / Q000382:microbiology*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013301:Streptolysins / Q000502:physiology; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000502:physiology
D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C039092:CAMP protein, Streptococcus; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D013301:Streptolysins; D037521:Virulence Factors; C014689:streptococcal M protein; C026050:streptolysin S; D010450:Endopeptidases; C053088:C5a peptidase