title: Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in patients with obstructive sleep apnea in a multi-ethnic sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Relationship of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes in Caucasians has been studied, but this association has not been investigated in Hispanic and African-Americans. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in patients evaluated for OSA in a predominantly African American and Hispanic sample. The secondary objective is to evaluate the relationship of REM related OSA and type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  1008 consecutive patients who had a comprehensive polysomnography were evaluated. OSA was defined as an obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of > or = 5 per hour. REM AHI of > or = 10 was considered to indicate REM related OSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of type 2 diabetes was 30.1% in the group with OSA compared to 18.6% in those without OSA. The subjects with OSA had significantly increased odds of type 2 diabetes compared with those without OSA (odds ratio = 1.8, 95% confidence interval: 1.3-2.6) but this association became non-significant when controlled for confounding variables and covariates (odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval: 0.9-2.0). Middle-aged participants with OSA had 2.8 times higher odds for type 2 diabetes, when compared to younger or middle aged without OSA, controlling for covariates. Finally, the odds of type 2 diabetes were 2.0 times higher in patients with REM AHI of > or = 10/h independent of confounding variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OSA is not independently associated with type 2 diabetes in a predominantly African American and Hispanic sample. However, the relationship of REM related OSAwith type 2 diabetes may be statistically significant.
authors: Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. kmahmood@uic.edu
authors: Kamran
authors: K
authors: Mahmood
authors: Natasha
authors: N
authors: Akhter
authors: Kamal
authors: K
authors: Eldeirawi
authors: Ergün
authors: E
authors: Onal
authors: John W
authors: JW
authors: Christman
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Carley
authors: James J
authors: JJ
authors: Herdegen
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017677:Age Distribution; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012895:Sleep, REM; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data