title: Combined role of type IX collagen and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in cartilage matrix assembly: cartilage oligomeric matrix protein counteracts type IX collagen-induced limitation of cartilage collagen fibril growth in mouse chondrocyte cultures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Defects in the assembly and composition of cartilage extracellular matrix are likely to result in impaired matrix integrity and increased susceptibility to cartilage degeneration. The aim of this study was to determine the functional interaction of the collagen fibril-associated proteins type IX collagen and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) during cartilage matrix formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary chondrocytes from mice deficient in type IX collagen and COMP (double-deficient) were cultured in monolayer or alginate beads. Anchorage of matrix proteins, proteoglycan and collagen content, collagen crosslinks, matrix metalloproteinase activity, and mechanical properties of the matrix were measured. Electron microscopy was used to study the formation of fibrillar structures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In cartilage lacking both type IX collagen and COMP, matrilin 3 showed decreased matrix anchorage. Less matrilin 3 was deposited in the matrix of double-deficient chondrocytes, while larger amounts were secreted into the medium. Proteoglycans were less well retained in the matrix formed in alginate cultures, while collagen deposition was not significantly affected. Electron microscopy revealed similar cartilage collagen fibril diameters in the cultures of double-deficient and wild-type chondrocytes. In contrast, a larger fibril diameter was observed in the matrix of chondrocytes deficient in only type IX collagen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that type IX collagen and COMP are involved in matrix assembly by mediating the anchorage and regulating the distribution of other matrix macromolecules such as proteoglycans and matrilins and have counteracting effects on collagen fibril growth. Loss of type IX collagen and COMP leads to matrix aberrations that may make cartilage more susceptible to degeneration.
authors: Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, and Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Response in Aging-Associated Diseases, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Blumbach
authors: Y M
authors: YM
authors: Bastiaansen-Jenniskens
authors: J
authors: J
authors: DeGroot
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Paulsson
authors: G J V M
authors: GJ
authors: van Osch
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Zaucke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D024081:Collagen Type IX / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D064235:Matrilin Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D024081:Collagen Type IX; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C577540:Matn1 protein, mouse; C577546:Matn3 protein, mouse; D064235:Matrilin Proteins