Risk factors of osteopenia in HIV-infected women: no role of antiretroviral therapy.
OBJECTIVE
Osteopenia and osteoporosis are more frequent in HIV-infected patients. Whether antiretroviral therapy induces a bone mineral density (BMD) loss remains controversial and few data are available in women. This cross-sectional study of 89 pre-menopausal HIV-infected women evaluates the relationship between BMD and antiretroviral treatment.


METHODS
Three groups of women were compared: women never treated (n=37), women treated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors and never treated with protease inhibitor (PI) (n=25) and women treated with a PI-containing regimen (n=27). Their lumbar spine and hip BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We assessed also demographic parameters, body mass index (BMI), habits, history of HIV infection and treatment, lipodystrophy and metabolic and hormonal parameters.


RESULTS
83% were African women. Mean age was 37 years. Median duration of HIV treatment was 3.5 years. The overall prevalence of osteopenia/porosis was 31.5%. No difference was found between the three groups. Using logistic regression, low BMI was the only factor associated with osteopenia/porosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Osteopenia/porosis was highly prevalent among these HIV-infected pre-menopausal women, mainly of African origin. BMD loss was not associated with antiretroviral therapy (containing PI or not) but was associated with a low BMI.
Libois
A
A
Department of Infectious Diseases, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium. agnes_libois@stpierre-bru.be <agnes_libois@stpierre-bru.be>
Clumeck
N
N
Kabeya
K
K
Gerard
M
M
De Wit
S
S
Poll
B
B
Tondeur
M
M
Rozenberg
Serge
S
D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D016387:Women's Health; D055815:Young Adult
D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors