title: Predictive factors for negative outcomes in initial non-operative management of suspected appendicitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute appendicitis has been reported to be managed with non-operative therapy at relatively high successful rate. However, risk factors for negative outcome have not been established.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred eighty consecutive patients who underwent initial therapy for suspected appendicitis were reviewed. They were divided into three groups: operation group, the group successfully managed with non-operative therapy (success group), and the group required surgical conversion (failure group). Preoperative clinical data were compared among the groups and risk factors for negative outcomes were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen patients were excluded due to contraindication for non-operative therapy. Of the remaining 367 patients, 143 patients (39.0%) were primarily treated with surgery, and 224 patients (61.0%) were initially managed with antibiotics. Among the 224 patients, 91 patients (40.6%) were refractory to antibiotics and converted to surgery after more than 24 h usage of antibiotics. Multivariate analysis revealed that elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) level (>4 mg/dL) and presence of appendicolith were significant risk factors for conversion. Morbidity rate showed no significant difference between the operative and failure groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated CRP concentration and appendicolith may predict the negative outcome in non-operative management. However, immediate appendectomy can possibly be avoided at least 24 h without increasing morbidity under the usage of antibiotics.
authors: Department of Surgery, Yaizu City General Hospital, Yaizu City, Japan. shindou-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors: Junichi
authors: J
authors: Shindoh
authors: Hirotaka
authors: H
authors: Niwa
authors: Kazushige
authors: K
authors: Kawai
authors: Ko
authors: K
authors: Ohata
authors: Yukio
authors: Y
authors: Ishihara
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Takabayashi
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Takeyuki
authors: T
authors: Hiramatsu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001062:Appendectomy; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein