title: Relief of acquired stuttering associated with Parkinson's disease by unilateral left subthalamic brain stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this article, the authors report a case of acquired stuttering associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) that was responsive to unilateral subthalamic nucleus deep-brain stimulation (STN DBS) in the language-dominant hemisphere.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-subject, masked, multiple baseline design was used to evaluate the effects of unilateral left STN DBS on stuttering associated with PD. The patient underwent 3 formal speech assessments of spontaneous speech and the reading of passages with DBS off and on. Speech samples were videotaped and placed in random order, and 2 independent speech-language pathologists calculated the percentage of stuttered syllables and classified individual stuttering events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stuttering improved significantly in the DBS-on condition. In total, 10% of syllables were affected by stuttering events with DBS off, and less than 1% of syllables were affected by stuttering events with DBS on (n = 2,281 syllables, p < .00001, in a chi(2) test). The effect of unilateral STN DBS on stuttering was relatively independent of whether the patient was on or off dopaminergic medications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article emphasizes the important role of the subthalamic region in the motor control of speech and language.
authors: Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1720 7th Avenue, South Birmingham, AL 35212, USA. hcwalker@uab.edu
authors: Harrison C
authors: HC
authors: Walker
authors: Daniel E
authors: DE
authors: Phillips
authors: Deborah B
authors: DB
authors: Boswell
authors: Barton L
authors: BL
authors: Guthrie
authors: Stephanie L
authors: SL
authors: Guthrie
authors: Anthony P
authors: AP
authors: Nicholas
authors: Erwin B
authors: EB
authors: Montgomery
authors: Ray L
authors: RL
authors: Watts
mesh_terms: D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D011932:Reading; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013060:Speech; D013342:Stuttering / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents