Factors for determining survival in acute organophosphate poisoning.
OBJECTIVE
Organophosphate poisoning has a high mortality rate. Recently, differences among organophosphorus insecticides in human self-poisoning were reported. This study investigated the prognostic risk factors and the mortality of different organophosphates following acute organophosphate poisoning.


METHODS
This retrospective study included 68 patients with acute organophosphate poisoning. We investigated patient survival according to initial parameters, including the initial Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II score, serum cholinesterase level, and hemoperfusion and evaluated the mortality according to organophosphate types.


RESULTS
Thirteen of the 68 patients died. The agents responsible for mortality were different. The APACHE II score was a significant predictor of mortality (odds ratio [OR], 1.194; p<0.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.089 to 1.309) and respiratory failure (OR, 1.273; p<0.01; 95% CI, 1.122 to 1.444). The mortality was 0% for dichlorvos, malathion, chlorpyrifos and profenofos. However, other organophosphates showed different mortality (16.7% for O-ethyl-O-4-nitrophenyl phenylphosphonothioate, 25% for phenthoate, 37.5% for phosphamidon, 50% for methidathion). The usefulness of hemoperfusion appears to be limited.


CONCLUSIONS
The initial APACHE II score is a useful prognostic indicator, and different organophosphates have different mortality.
Kang
Eun-Jung
EJ
Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan, Korea.
Seok
Su-Jin
SJ
Lee
Kwon-Hyun
KH
Gil
Hyo-Wook
HW
Yang
Jong-Oh
JO
Lee
Eun-Young
EY
Hong
Sae-Yong
SY
D018806:APACHE; D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D062025:Organophosphate Poisoning; D011041:Poisoning / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D002802:Cholinesterases