title: The apo structure of sucrose hydrolase from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris shows an open active-site groove.
abstract: Glycoside hydrolase family 13 (GH-13) mainly contains starch-degrading or starch-modifying enzymes. Sucrose hydrolases utilize sucrose instead of amylose as the primary glucosyl donor. Here, the catalytic properties and X-ray structure of sucrose hydrolase from Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris are reported. Sucrose hydrolysis catalyzed by the enzyme follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics, with a K(m) of 60.7 mM and a k(cat) of 21.7 s(-1). The structure of the enzyme was solved at a resolution of 1.9 A in the resting state with an empty active site. This represents the first apo structure from subfamily 4 of GH-13. Comparisons with structures of the highly similar sucrose hydrolase from X. axonopodis pv. glycines most notably showed that residues Arg516 and Asp138, which form a salt bridge in the X. axonopodis sucrose complex and define part of the subsite -1 glucosyl-binding determinants, are not engaged in salt-bridge formation in the resting X. campestris enzyme. In the absence of the salt bridge an opening is created which gives access to subsite -1 from the ;nonreducing' end. Binding of the glucosyl moiety in subsite -1 is therefore likely to induce changes in the conformation of the active-site cleft of the X. campestris enzyme. These changes lead to salt-bridge formation that shortens the groove. Additionally, this finding has implications for understanding the molecular mechanism of the closely related subfamily 4 glucosyl transferase amylosucrase, as it indicates that sucrose could enter the active site from the ;nonreducing' end during the glucan-elongation cycle.
authors: Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés, Toulouse, France.
authors: Elise
authors: E
authors: Champion
authors: Magali
authors: M
authors: Remaud-Simeon
authors: Lars K
authors: LK
authors: Skov
authors: Jette S
authors: JS
authors: Kastrup
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Gajhede
authors: Osman
authors: O
authors: Mirza
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism; D016959:Xanthomonas campestris / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D013395:Sucrose; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases