title: Dizziness, migrainous vertigo and psychiatric disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to establish the prevalence of vestibular disorders, migraine and definite migrainous vertigo in patients with psychiatric disorders who were referred for treatment of dizziness, without a lifetime history of vertigo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Out-patients in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two dizzy patients with panic disorders and agoraphobia, 30 with panic disorders without agoraphobia, and 20 with depressive disorders underwent otoneurological screening with bithermal caloric stimulation. The prevalence of migraine and migrainous vertigo was assessed. The level of dizziness was evaluated using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dizzy patients with panic disorders and agoraphobia had a significantly p = 0.05 regarding the prevalence of peripheral vestibular abnormalities in the group of subjects with PD and agoraphobia and in those with depressive disorders. Migraine was equally represented in the three groups, but panic disorder patients had a higher prevalence of migrainous vertigo definite migrainous vertigo. Almost all patients with a peripheral vestibular disorder had a final diagnosis of definite migrainous vertigo according to Neuhauser criteria. These patients had higher Dizziness Handicap Inventory scores. The Dizziness Handicap Inventory total score was higher in the subgroup of patients with panic disorders with agoraphobia also presenting unilateral reduced caloric responses or definite migrainous vertigo, compared with the subgroup of remaining subjects with panic disorders with agoraphobia (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data support the hypothesis that, in patients with panic disorders (and especially those with additional agoraphobia), dizziness may be linked to malfunction of the vestibular system. However, the data are not inconsistent with the hypothesis that migrainous vertigo is the most common pathophysiological mechanism for vestibular disorders.
authors: Department of ENT, San Raffaele Hospital, Vita-Salute University, Milan, Italy. teggi.roberto@hsr.it
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Teggi
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Caldirola
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Colombo
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Perna
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Comi
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Bellodi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Bussi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D002150:Caloric Tests; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D004244:Dizziness / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D009760:Nystagmus, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014717:Vertigo / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology