Minocycline block copolymer micelles and their anti-inflammatory effects on microglia.
MH, a semisynthetic tetracycline antibiotic with promising neuroprotective properties, was encapsulated into PIC micelles of CMD-PEG as a potential new formulation of MH for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases. PIC micelles were prepared by mixing solutions of a Ca(2+)/MH chelate and CMD-PEG copolymer in a Tris-HCl buffer. Light scattering and (1)H NMR studies confirmed that Ca(2+)/MH/CMD-PEG core-corona micelles form at charge neutrality having a hydrodynamic radius approximately 100 nm and incorporating approximately 50 wt.-% MH. MH entrapment in the micelles core sustained its release for up to 24 h under physiological conditions. The micelles protected the drug against degradation in aqueous solutions at room temperature and at 37 degrees C in the presence of FBS. The micelles were stable in aqueous solution for up to one month, after freeze drying and in the presence of FBS and BSA. CMD-PEG copolymers did not induce cytotoxicity in human hepatocytes and murine microglia (N9) in concentrations as high as 15 mg x mL(-1) after incubation for 24 h. MH micelles were able to reduce the inflammation in murine microglia (N9) activated by LPS. These results strongly suggest that MH PIC micelles can be useful in the treatment of neuroinflammatory disorders.
Soliman
Ghareb Mohamed
GM
Faculty of Pharmacy and Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, CP 6128 Succursale Centre Ville, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Choi
Angela O
AO
Maysinger
Dusica
D
Winnik
Françoise M
FM
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002021:Buffers; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003911:Dextrans / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D008823:Micelles; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008911:Minocycline / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002021:Buffers; D003911:Dextrans; D008823:Micelles; D012997:Solvents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C014392:carboxymethyl dextran; D008911:Minocycline; D002118:Calcium