title: Efficacy and safety of placing nasoenteral feeding tube with transnasal ultrathin endoscope in critically ill patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The placement of an enteral feeding tube is the foundation for providing enteral nutrition. But due to the anatomic complexity of the stomach and the duodenum, to a certain degree, there are some technical difficulties in the placement of postpyloric feeding tube, especially in critically ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of placing nasoenteral feeding tube with a transnasal ultrathin endoscope.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 49 patients, involving 46 (93.9%) being American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status (ASA-PS) grade III (n = 3) and grade IV (n = 43), in whom a nasoenteral feeding tube was placed with a transnasal ultrathin endoscope by using over-the-wire technique. The related clinic information during the procedure including success rate, time required, complications and monitoring results of vital signs was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tube was placed at or beyond the Treitz's ligament in all of the 49 cases and the total tube-placement success rate was 100% including the one-time tube-placement success rate 95.9%. The tube placement was successful in 46 (93.9%) cases by transnasal method and 3 (6.1%) cases by transoral method. In the 47 cases whose one-time tube-placement success was obtained, the average procedure time was (6.2 +/- 5.6) minutes. For the 3 patients the endoscope inserted transorally due to the failure of transnasal insertion, the total procedure time was (12.3 +/- 2.1) minutes. In the period of nasoenteral tube placement, the average systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and average pulse oxygen saturation (SpO(2)) did not show any significant change. Apart from 3 patients in whom nausea occurred in the procedure and 2 nasal bleeding, no any other acute complications arose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method of placing nasoenteral feeding tube with the transnasal ultrathin endoscope is not only efficient, time-saving, technically simple, and painless to patients, but also safe especially in critically ill patients.
authors: Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China. njchenhong66@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Chen
authors: Lin
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Juan
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: You-zhen
authors: YZ
authors: Zhang
authors: Zi-ying
authors: ZY
authors: Wu
authors: Feng-lin
authors: FL
authors: Lu
authors: Cui-hua
authors: CH
authors: Mao
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Yu
authors: Da-zhong
authors: DZ
authors: Cao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016638:Critical Illness; D019723:Endoscopes; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055986:Vital Signs