title: Effects of selective COX-inhibitors and classical NSAIDs on endothelial cell proliferation and migration induced by human cholangiocarcinoma cell culture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experiments were designed to explore cellular mechanisms and effects of NSAIDs on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) induced by human cholangiocarcinoma (HuCCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  HUVEC were incubated with HuCCA or HuCCA-conditioned medium (CM) for various times to determine cell proliferation and migration. Expression of cyclooxygenase (COX) proteins was measured using immunoblotting technique. VSA (selective COX-1 inhibitor), NS-398 (selective COX-2 inhibitor), and aspirin were used as pharmacological tools to explore signaling mechanisms of HuCCA-CM-induced endothelial cell functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HuCCA could significantly induce proliferation and migration of HUVEC. COX-2, but not COX-1, was increased. NS-398, but not VSA, could significantly inhibit HuCCA-CM-induced endothelial cell proliferation. HuCCA-CM-induced endothelial cell proliferations could be also inhibited by aspirin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that HuCCA-CM-derived substances could induce HUVEC proliferation through COX-2 signaling mechanism. Classical NSAID and selective COX-2 inhibitors could also inhibit this step of HUVEC proliferation.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Sookruetai
authors: S
authors: Boonmasawai
authors: Pravit
authors: P
authors: Akarasereenont
authors: Kitirat
authors: K
authors: Techatraisak
authors: Athiwat
authors: A
authors: Thaworn
authors: Sirikul
authors: S
authors: Chotewuttakorn
authors: Titchaporn
authors: T
authors: Palo
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors