title: Hepatitis C virus induces nasal epithelial erosion and sub-epithelial rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis C virus (HCV) affects extra-hepatic organs, but its effect on the nose is poorly defined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the histological changes in nasal tissue induced by HCV and whether the nasal mucosa harbors the virus for extrahepatic replication.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated nasal biopsies from 20 patients with HCV infection, and from 10 control subjects. All biopsies were subjected to real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analyses showed that 60% of HCV positive samples showed nasal epithelial erosion, 95% showed subepithelial non-specific inflammation and/or fibrosis, while only 5% showed normal histology. However, none of the twenty PCR samples showed the presence of HCV nucleic acids sequences in the nasal tissues. On the other hand, all control subjects had normal histology and the absence of the viral m-RNA in the PCR (100%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCV induces histopathological rhinitis with nasal epithelial erosion. However, it does not seem that the nasal tissue harbors the virus.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Misr University for Science and Technology, College of Medicine, 6TH October City, Al-Motamaize District, Cairo, Egypt.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Abbas
authors: L A
authors: LA
authors: Refaat
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Hussien
authors: A E
authors: AE
authors: El-Shazly
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral