Do human polyoma viruses and human immunodeficiency virus share common co-receptors?
Host and/or viral factors involved in human polyomavirus (HPoV) infection in persons living with HIV remain unknown. A hypothesis is outlined suggesting the importance of the co-receptors CCR5, CCR2, and CXCR4 not only for HIV, but also for HPoV. Functionally capable receptors coded by wild-type (wt) genotypes could facilitate internalization of HPoV in the cell resulting in brain and/or kidney infection/s in HIV infected individuals. Forty-nine Bulgarians with HIV, all treated by HAART, without neurological and/or kidney disorders, were tested for JCV and BKV and genotyped for CCR5 (CCR5del32), CCR2 (CCR2-64I), and CXCR4 (SDF1-3'A). In 27/49 (55.1%) individuals a co-infection with HPoV was identified-BKV in 12/49 (24.5%), JCV-in another 12/49 (24.5%), and both viruses-in 3/49 (6.1%). A high frequency of wt CCR5 was found in patients with HPoV (91.7% for BKV and JCV and in 100% with both viruses). V/V of CCR2 was presented in 75% for BKV and JCV and in 66.7% for BKV plus JCV. SDF1-3'G/G predominated in JCV infected patients (75%), while G/A and A/A genotypes were more frequent in patients with BKV (41.7%). Also, 21/22 (95.4%) persons without HPoV infection were heterozygous for SDF1 and CCR2. The number of individuals bearing wt of all co-receptors in the group of persons not infected with HPoV was lower (P = 0.03) than that with polymorphism/s in one or two genes (SDF1 and CCR2) in the same group. The results suggest a probable role of co-receptors used by HIV to facilitate infection with HPoV.
Borissov
Kalin
K
Department of Virology, Laboratory of Retroviruses, National Center of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Tsekov
Iliya
I
Gavazova
Rayna
R
Kalvatchev
Zlatko
Z
Argirova
Radka
R
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001739:BK Virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002031:Bulgaria / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006579:Heterozygote; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007577:JC Virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D027601:Polyomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D054390:Receptors, CCR2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology
C515334:CCR2 protein, human; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4