title: [Clinicopathological characterization of prostatic small cell carcinoma: a case report and review of the literature].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the clinicopathological characteristics, treatment and prognostic features of prostatic small cell carcinoma (SCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  One case of SCC was reported, and the relevant literature was reviewed and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate specific antigen (PSA) was increased (39.26 ng/ml); computed tomography revealed multiple nodules in the retroperitoneum and cavita pelvis; ECT showed multiple osseous metastasis; and needle biopsy of the prostate confirmed SCC. Negative expressions of PSA, Bcl-2 and P504S were found by immunohistochemical staining. The cancer was clinically staged at T4N1M1. Because the patient was beyond surgery and refused chemotherapy, Zadaxin (thymosin alpha 1) was given to relieve the clinical symptoms. The patient died five months after the diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCC is a rare subset of prostate cancer, with high malignancy, rapid growth, fast metastasis and very poor prognosis. Its diagnosis relies on pathological examinations. PSA cannot be a specific tumor marker of SCC, but some immunophenotypes may help its differential diagnosis. As for its treatment, surgery should be considered in the early stage; neither hormonal therapy nor chemotherapy can afford a favorable prognosis, although the latter may effect a short-term relief of the clinical symptoms.
authors: Department of Urology, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, China. zhifeng999@126.com
authors: Zhi-feng
authors: ZF
authors: Wei
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Xu
authors: Hai
authors: H
authors: Wang
authors: Wu
authors: W
authors: Wei
authors: Wen
authors: W
authors: Cheng
authors: Wen-quan
authors: WQ
authors: Zhou
authors: Jing-ping
authors: JP
authors: Ge
authors: Zheng-yu
authors: ZY
authors: Zhang
authors: Jian-ping
authors: JP
authors: Gao
authors: Hong-lin
authors: HL
authors: Yin
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen