Regulation of chromatin structure and function by HMGN proteins.
High mobility group nucleosome-binding (HMGN) proteins are architectural non-histone chromosomal proteins that bind to nucleosomes and modulate the structure and function of chromatin. The interaction of HMGN proteins with nucleosomes is dynamic and the proteins compete with the linker histone H1 chromatin-binding sites. HMGNs reduce the H1-mediated compaction of the chromatin fiber and facilitate the targeting of regulatory factors to chromatin. They modulate the cellular epigenetic profile, affect gene expression and impact the biological processes such as development and the cellular response to environmental and hormonal signals. Here we review the role of HMGN in chromatin structure, the link between HMGN proteins and histone modifications, and discuss the consequence of this link on nuclear processes and cellular phenotype.
Postnikov
Yuri
Y
Protein Section, Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 37 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Yupo@helix.nih.gov
Bustin
Michael
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D024001:HMGN Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D013698:Templates, Genetic; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002843:Chromatin; D024001:HMGN Proteins