title: Establishment of a polyclonal antibody against the retinoid X receptor of the rock shell Thais clavigera and its application to rock shell tissues for imposex research.
abstract: In the chain of study to further elucidate the role of retinoid X receptor (RXR) in the development of imposex caused by organotin compounds in gastropod mollusks, we established a polyclonal antibody against RXR of the rock shell Thais clavigera. Immunoblotting demonstrated that this antibody could recognize T. clavigera RXR. In males and imposex-exhibiting females, immunohistochemical staining with the antibody revealed nuclear localization of RXR protein in the epithelial and smooth muscle cells of the vas deferens and in the interstitial and epidermal cells of the penis. These results suggest that the polyclonal antibody against T. clavigera RXR can specifically recognize RXR protein in tissues of T. clavigera and therefore is useful for evaluating RXR protein localization. Furthermore, RXR may be involved in the induction of male-type genitalia (penis and vas deferens) in normal male and organotin-exposed female rock shells.
authors: Research Center for Environmental Risk, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. thorigu@nies.go.jp
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: Horiguchi
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Urushitani
authors: Yasuhiko
authors: Y
authors: Ohta
authors: Taisen
authors: T
authors: Iguchi
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Shiraishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development; D005260:Female; D049851:Gastropoda / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007106:Immune Sera; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007106:Immune Sera; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors