title: Primary neuroendocrine tumours of the thymus: a clinicopathologic and prognostic study in 19 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to evaluate factors influencing long-term survival in 19 patients with primary neuroendocrine tumours of the thymus.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1990 to December 2004, 19 patients (14 males, 5 females; mean age 48.6 years) were surgically treated for a primary neuroendocrine tumour of the thymus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients underwent radical R0 thymomectomy and were followed up for a total of 1,459 months (median: 69 months; range: 8-180). Nine patients had associated paraneoplastic syndrome. No operative mortality occurred. Two patients underwent re-do surgery because of local recurrence, respectively, 25 and 35 months after surgery. Five patients died of disease, respectively, 51, 70, 95, 131 and 153 months after surgery. One patient died of myocardial infarction with no evidence of disease. Thirteen patients are alive, of which 10 are free from disease and three with disease. The overall 5-year and 10-year actuarial survival rates were 91.6% and 69.8%, respectively (median survival: 153 months). The 10-year survival was evaluated according to histology (typical carcinoid 100%; atypical carcinoid: 66.6%; large cell neuroendocrine tumours: 0%), Masaoka staging (stage I: 100%; stage II: 50%; stage III: 66.6%; stage IV: 0%), presence of paraneoplastic syndrome (no: 87.5%; yes: 0%) and postoperative radiotherapy (yes: 40%; no: 83.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognosis of primary neuroendocrine tumours of the thymus is related to the grading of the neoplasm, the presence of a paraneoplastic syndrome and to the Masaoka staging but not to the postoperative radiotherapy.
authors: Unit of Thoracic Surgery, Carlo Forlanini Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo-Forlanini, Rome, Italy. gcardillo@scamilloforlanini.rm.it
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Cardillo
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Treggiari
authors: Marinus A
authors: MA
authors: Paul
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Carleo
authors: Alessia Raffaella
authors: AR
authors: De Massimi
authors: Daniele
authors: D
authors: Remotti
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Graziano
authors: Massimo
authors: M
authors: Martelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012086:Reoperation; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome