title: Interactions of multiple gas-transducing systems: hallmarks and uncertainties of CO, NO, and H2S gas biology.
abstract: The diverse physiological actions of the "biologic gases," O2, CO, NO, and H2S, have attracted much interest. Initially viewed as toxic substances, CO, NO, and H2S play important roles as signaling molecules. The multiplicity of gas actions and gas targets and the difficulty in measuring local gas concentrations obscures detailed mechanisms whereby gases exert their actions, and many questions remain unanswered. It is now readily apparent, however, that heme-based proteins play central roles in gas-generation/reception mechanisms and provide a point where multiple gases can interact. In this review, we consider a number of key issues related to "gas biology," including the effective tissue concentrations of these gases and the importance and significance of the physical proximity of gas-producing and gas-receptor/sensors. We also take an integrated approach to the interaction of gases by considering the physiological significance of CO, NO, and H2S on mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase, a key target and central mediator of mitochondrial respiration. Additionally, we consider the effects of biologic gases on mitochondrial biogenesis and "suspended animation." By evaluating gas-mediated control functions from both in vitro and in vivo perspectives, we hope to elaborate on the complex multiple interactions of O2, NO, CO, and H2S.
authors: Department of Biochemistry and Integrative Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Keio University , Tokyo, Japan. myk30@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
authors: Mayumi
authors: M
authors: Kajimura
authors: Ryo
authors: R
authors: Fukuda
authors: Ryon M
authors: RM
authors: Bateman
authors: Takehiro
authors: T
authors: Yamamoto
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Suematsu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000502:physiology; D006418:Heme / Q000737:chemistry; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006420:Hemeproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D006420:Hemeproteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006418:Heme; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D010100:Oxygen; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide