Racial differences in heart failure therapeutics.
Heart failure in African Americans has a phenotype that is distinct from that in non-African Americans and that demonstrates increased importance of hypertensive etiologies. Trial data demonstrate that African Americans receive significant benefit from beta blockade. Despite differences in the heart failure phenotype, therapy of heart failure in African Americans remains largely the same as in white heart failure cohorts, with the notable exception of the added benefits provided by combination of hydralazine and isosorbide dinitrate (HYD-ISDN), now regarded as highly indicated therapy by both the Heart Failure Society of America and the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association heart failure guideline committees. HYD-ISDN in fixed combination is the first cardiovascular drug approved for a single ethnic or racial subset--self-designated African Americans.
Ishizawar
David
D
Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. ishizawardc@upmc.edu
Yancy
Clyde
C
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006830:Hydralazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; C431665:isosorbide-hydralazine combination; D006830:Hydralazine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate