title: Rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase confer salt tolerance in maize grown on salt-affected fields.
abstract: Salt stress is one of the major constraints hampering agricultural production owing to its impact on ethylene production and nutritional imbalance. A check on the accelerated ethylene production in plants could be helpful in minimizing the negative effect of salt stress on plant growth and development. Four Pseudomonas, 1 Flavobacterium, and 1 Enterobacter strain of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC)-deaminase were selected and their effects on growth and yield of maize were investigated to improve the salt tolerance of maize grown on salt-affected fields. The selected rhizobacterial isolates reduced or eliminated the classical "triple" response, indicating their ability to reduce stress-induced ethylene levels. Results showed that rhizobacterial strains, particularly Pseudomonas and Enterobacter spp., significantly promoted the growth and yield of maize compared with the non-inoculated control. Pseudomonas fluorescens increased plant height, biomass, cob yield, grain yield, 1000 grain mass, and straw yield of maize up to 29%, 127%, 67%, 60%, 17%, and 166%, respectively, over the control. Under stress conditions, more N, P, and K uptake and high K+-Na+ ratios were recorded in inoculated plants compared with the control. The results imply that inoculation with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria containing ACC-deaminase could be a useful approach for improving growth and yield of maize under salt-stressed conditions.
authors: Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-38040, Pakistan.
authors: Sajid Mahmood
authors: SM
authors: Nadeem
authors: Zahir Ahmad
authors: ZA
authors: Zahir
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Naveed
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Arshad
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D020561:Alphaproteobacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D019755:Carbon-Carbon Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010154:Pakistan; D055049:Salt Tolerance; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013559:Symbiosis; D003313:Zea mays / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C033634:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase; D019755:Carbon-Carbon Lyases