title: Boswellia frereana (frankincense) suppresses cytokine-induced matrix metalloproteinase expression and production of pro-inflammatory molecules in articular cartilage.
abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the anti-inflammatory efficacy of Boswellia frereana extracts in an in vitro model of cartilage degeneration and determine its potential as a therapy for treating osteoarthritis. Cartilage degradation was induced in vitro by treating explants with 5 ng/ml interleukin1alpha (IL-1alpha) and 10 ng/ml oncostatin M (OSM) over a 28-day period, in the presence or absence of 100 microg/ml B. frereana. Treatment of IL-1alpha/OSM stimulated cartilage explants with B. frereana inhibited the breakdown of the collagenous matrix. B. frereana reduced MMP9 and MMP13 mRNA levels, inhibited MMP9 expression and activation, and significantly reduced the production of nitrite (stable end product of nitric oxide), prostaglandin E2 and cycloxygenase-2. Epi-lupeol was identified as the principal constituent of B. frereana. This is the first report on the novel anti-inflammatory properties of Boswellia frereana in an in vitro model of cartilage degradation. We have demonstrated that B. frereana prevents collagen degradation, and inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory mediators and MMPs. Due to its efficacy we propose that B. frereana should be examined further as a potential therapeutic agent for treating inflammatory symptoms associated with arthritis.
authors: Connective Tissue Biology Laboratories, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK. blain@cardiff.ac.uk
authors: Emma J
authors: EJ
authors: Blain
authors: Ahmed Y
authors: AY
authors: Ali
authors: Victor C
authors: VC
authors: Duance
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029743:Boswellia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha / Q000009:adverse effects; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D053683:Oncostatin M / Q000009:adverse effects; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000094042:Lupanes
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone; D053582:Interleukin-1alpha; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D009573:Nitrites; D053683:Oncostatin M; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; C010480:lupeol; D000094042:Lupanes