title: Two interleukin-17C-like genes exist in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss that are differentially expressed and modulated.
abstract: Interleukin (IL)-17 family members (IL-17A-F) are key players in adaptive immune responses and have a central role in coordinating innate and adaptive immunity. Here, we report on two novel IL-17 homologues in rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, trout (t) IL-17C1 and tIL-17C2, that share 73.7% amino acid identity. The two tIL-17C-like molecules have relatively higher sequence identities to IL-17Cs from fish and mammals and the fish IL-17C-like molecules phylogenetically form a specific clade that groups with the mammalian IL-17C and IL-17E clades. However, the gene organisation of the fish IL-17C-like molecules is closer to mammalian IL-17Es than to IL-17Cs, and this taken together with other factors suggest the fish IL-17C-like genes may have arisen from an ancestral gene that gave rise to mammalian IL-17C and IL-17E. The expression of tIL-17Cs was detectable in all the eight tissues examined, with the expression of tIL-17 mainly contributed by tIL-17C1 in gills and skin, and by tIL-17C2 in spleen, head kidney and brain. The expression of tIL-17Cs was modulated by inflammatory stimulants, including IL-1beta, interferon-gamma, LPS and PolyIC, in a trout macrophage cell line (RTS-11). IL-1beta was the most potent inducer of tIL-17C2 but only had a minor effect on the expression of tIL-17C1. LPS and PolyIC were also potent inducers of tIL-17C2. The expression of tIL-17Cs was also up-regulated by bacterial infection, with the extent and increase more dramatic for tIL-17C2. The broad distribution of expression and differential modulation of tIL-17Cs by inflammatory stimulants and infection suggest important roles of the two tIL-17Cs in the salmonid immune system.
authors: Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, UK.
authors: Tiehui
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: Samuel A M
authors: SA
authors: Martin
authors: Christopher J
authors: CJ
authors: Secombes
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020440:Gene Duplication; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D005880:Gills / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008322:Mammals; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D009928:Organ Specificity; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020381:Interleukin-17