title: Analysis of small RNA in fission yeast; centromeric siRNAs are potentially generated through a structured RNA.
abstract: The formation of heterochromatin at the centromeres in fission yeast depends on transcription of the outer repeats. These transcripts are processed into siRNAs that target homologous loci for heterochromatin formation. Here, high throughput sequencing of small RNA provides a comprehensive analysis of centromere-derived small RNAs. We found that the centromeric small RNAs are Dcr1 dependent, carry 5'-monophosphates and are associated with Ago1. The majority of centromeric small RNAs originate from two remarkably well-conserved sequences that are present in all centromeres. The high degree of similarity suggests that this non-coding sequence in itself may be of importance. Consistent with this, secondary structure-probing experiments indicate that this centromeric RNA is partially double-stranded and is processed by Dicer in vitro. We further demonstrate the existence of small centromeric RNA in rdp1Delta cells. Our data suggest a pathway for siRNA generation that is distinct from the well-documented model involving RITS/RDRC. We propose that primary transcripts fold into hairpin-like structures that may be processed by Dcr1 into siRNAs, and that these siRNAs may initiate heterochromatin formation independent of RDRC activity.
authors: Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Center for Biosciences, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden/School of Life Sciences, University College Sodertorn, NOVUM, Huddinge, Sweden.
authors: Ingela
authors: I
authors: Djupedal
authors: Isabelle C
authors: IC
authors: Kos-Braun
authors: Rebecca A
authors: RA
authors: Mosher
authors: Niklas
authors: N
authors: Söderholm
authors: Femke
authors: F
authors: Simmer
authors: Thomas J
authors: TJ
authors: Hardcastle
authors: Aurélie
authors: A
authors: Fender
authors: Nadja
authors: N
authors: Heidrich
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Kagansky
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Bayne
authors: E Gerhart H
authors: EG
authors: Wagner
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Baulcombe
authors: Robin C
authors: RC
authors: Allshire
authors: Karl
authors: K
authors: Ekwall
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002503:Centromere / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D009154:Mutation; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000737:chemistry; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D006570:Heterochromatin; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012313:RNA