title: CD14(high)CD16(+) rather than CD14(low)CD16(+) monocytes correlate with disease progression in chronic HIV-infected patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes are an important cellular target for HIV-1 entry and expand in the peripheral blood of HIV-infected individuals. Because CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes are a heterogeneous population and consist of CD14(high)CD16(+) and CD14(low)CD16(+) subsets, we evaluated the effects of HIV infection on distinct subsets of CD16(+) monocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Untreated HIV-infected patients were recruited to investigate the relationship between the proportions of monocyte subsets with plasma viral loads and CD4(+) T-cell counts. Patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) were followed up in a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with CD14(low)CD16(+), CD14(high)CD16(+) monocytes showed higher levels of CD64 and HLA-DR antigens, which imply that these 2 distinct subsets have different immunoregulatory phenotypes. In HAART-naive patients, elevated proportions of CD14(high)CD16(+) monocytes were correlated with increased viral loads and decreased CD4(+) T-cell counts, whereas CD14(low)CD16(+) monocytes did not show such correlation with disease progression. Of importance, HAART recovered the proportion of CD14(high)CD16(+) monocytes, whereas CD14(low)CD16(+) monocytes did not decrease during 1 year of antiviral therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, our observations elucidate distinct immune responses of monocyte subsets during HIV infection and antiviral therapy and provide new insight into the roles of innate immunity in HIV-related pathogenesis.
authors: Institute of Infectious Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors: Junyan
authors: J
authors: Han
authors: Beibei
authors: B
authors: Wang
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Han
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Chuan
authors: C
authors: Song
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Feng
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: Mao
authors: Fujie
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Hongxin
authors: H
authors: Zhao
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Zeng
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000276:immunology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D017452:Receptors, IgG