title: Large-scale SOD1 mutation screening provides evidence for genetic heterogeneity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the frequency of SOD1 mutations in a large referral cohort of familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) and sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (SALS) patients from The Netherlands and to compare this frequency with that of other developed countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 451 sporadic and 55 FALS patients were screened for SOD1 mutations. The authors performed PCR amplification of all five coding exons of SOD1 followed by direct DNA sequencing using forward and reverse primers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One novel mutation (p.I99V) and a homozygous p.D90A mutation were identified in SALS patients. In a pedigree with Mendelian dominant FALS, one patient was found to be heterozygous for the p.D90A mutation. SOD1 mutation frequency was found to be significantly lower in The Netherlands compared with other countries with p=0.0004 for FALS (21.9% vs 2.5%) and p=0.005 for SALS (2.5% vs 0.44%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors demonstrate that SOD1 mutations are rare in The Netherlands in familial and SALS. This observation suggests that the genetic background of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis differs between different populations, countries and regions. This may have consequences for the interpretation of association studies and explain why replication of association studies has proven difficult in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
authors: Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Michael A
authors: MA
authors: van Es
authors: Caroline
authors: C
authors: Dahlberg
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Birve
authors: Jan Herman
authors: JH
authors: Veldink
authors: Leonard H
authors: LH
authors: van den Berg
authors: P M
authors: PM
authors: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010375:Pedigree; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C000606290:SOD1 protein, human; D004247:DNA; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1