title: Selective FLT3 inhibitor FI-700 neutralizes Mcl-1 and enhances p53-mediated apoptosis in AML cells with activating mutations of FLT3 through Mcl-1/Noxa axis.
abstract: Treatment using Fms-like tyrosine kinase-3 (FLT3) inhibitors is a promising approach to overcome the dismal prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with activating FLT3 mutations. Current trials are combining FLT3 inhibitors with p53-activating conventional chemotherapy. The mechanisms of cytotoxicity of FLT3 inhibitors are poorly understood. We investigated the interaction of FLT3 and p53 pathways after their simultaneous blockade using the selective FLT3 inhibitor FI-700 and the MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3 in AML. We found that FI-700 immediately reduced antiapoptotic Mcl-1 levels and enhanced Nutlin-induced p53-mediated mitochondrial apoptosis in FLT3/internal tandem duplication cells through the Mcl-1/Noxa axis. FI-700 induced proteasome-mediated degradation of Mcl-1, resulting in the reduced ability of Mcl-1 to sequester proapoptotic Bim. Nutlin-3 induced Noxa, which displaced Bim from Mcl-1. The FI-700/Nutlin-3 combination profoundly activated Bax and induced apoptosis. Our findings suggest that FI-700 actively enhances p53 signaling toward mitochondrial apoptosis and that a combination strategy aimed at inhibiting FLT3 and activating p53 signaling could potentially be effective in AML.
authors: Department of Hematology/Oncology, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama 641-8510, Japan. k-koji@wakayama-med.ac.jp
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kojima
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Konopleva
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Tsao
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Andreeff
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Ishida
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Shiotsu
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Jin
authors: Y
authors: Y
authors: Tabe
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Nakakuma
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000502:physiology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; C523780:FI-700; D007093:Imidazoles; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; C498702:PMAIP1 protein, human; D010879:Piperazines; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011725:Pyridines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C482205:nutlin 3; D004317:Doxorubicin; C497970:FLT3 protein, human; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex