title: Degeneration of retinal ganglion cells after optic nerve sheath fenestration in an experimental rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optic nerve sheath fenestration (ONSF) is a surgical procedure that is sometimes performed in patients with optic disc edema from increased intracranial pressure. The objective of this study was to assess the consequence of ONSF on optic nerve axons, retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), and retinal amacrine cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The optic nerves of 22 male Wistar rats were assigned to one of three groups. In Group 1 (n = 12), the rats underwent unilateral ONSF. In Group 2 (n = 10), the rat optic nerves were unilaterally exposed but were not operated on. Group 3 (n = 22) consisted of the optic nerves of Group 1 and Group 2 rats that were neither operated on nor exposed. Thirty days later, a cresyl violet staining method was used to assess the number and sizes of RGCs and amacrine cells. Optic nerve axons were assessed by means of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunoreactivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ONSF was associated with a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the number and size of RGCs and amacrine cells. Optic nerve axons were undisturbed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although ONSF does not apparently injure the optic nerve axons, loss and shrinkage of RGCs is a caution when considering ONSF as a treatment.
authors: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
authors: Nils-Claudius
authors: NC
authors: Gellrich
authors: Constantin
authors: C
authors: Stuehmer
authors: Kai-Hendrik
authors: KH
authors: Bormann
authors: Isabella
authors: I
authors: Mücke
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Schramm
authors: Ulf Theodor
authors: UT
authors: Eysel
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Rücker
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D048429:Cell Size; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric