title: Mechanical transmission of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus by Simulium vittatum (Diptera: Simuliidae) to domestic swine (Sus scrofa).
abstract: Biting flies have been suggested as mechanical vectors of vesicular stomatitis New Jersey Virus (family Rhabdoviridae, genus Vesiculovirus, VSNJV) in livestock populations during epidemic outbreaks in the western United States. We conducted a proof-of-concept study to determine whether biting flies could mechanically transmit VSNJV to livestock by using a black fly, Simulium vittatum Zetterstedt (Diptera: Simuliidae), domestic swine, Sus scrofa L., model. Black flies mechanically transmitted VSNJV to a naive host after interrupted feeding on a vesicular lesion on a previously infected host. Transmission resulted in clinical disease in the naïve host. This is the first demonstration of mechanical transmission of VSNJV to livestock by insects.
authors: Department of Entomology, 413 Biological Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
authors: Paul F
authors: PF
authors: Smith
authors: Elizabeth W
authors: EW
authors: Howerth
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Carter
authors: Elmer W
authors: EW
authors: Gray
authors: Raymond
authors: R
authors: Noblet
authors: Daniel G
authors: DG
authors: Mead
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000821:virology; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000821:virology*; D012843:Simuliidae / Q000821:virology*; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000821:virology*; D054243:Vesicular Stomatitis / Q000635:transmission*; D054260:Vesicular stomatitis New Jersey virus / Q000502:physiology*