title: Survival after recurrence in early-stage high-risk epithelial ovarian cancer: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to evaluate the clinical outcome of recurrent early-stage high-risk epithelial ovarian cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic and clinicopathological data were collected from women enrolled in GOG 157 who underwent surgical staging and had recurrent disease. Survival probability was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method, and hazard ratio of death was analyzed using Cox regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 74 women with recurrent early-stage high-risk ovarian cancer, the median age at recurrence was 63 years; 93% were White, 2.7% were Black, 2.7% were Asian, and 1.4% were Others. Fifty-eight percent had stage I, and the remainder had stage II disease. Clear cell, serous, endometrioid, mucinous, and other tumors consisted of 28.4%, 25.7%, 24.3%, 16.2%, and 5.4% of patients, respectively; in addition, 36.5% had ascites, 33.8% had positive cytology, and 43.2% had ruptured tumors. Fifty-eight percent underwent three cycles, and 42% had six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin. Recurrence was diagnosed clinically in 46% and radiographically in 54% of women. The median time from completion of primary chemotherapy to recurrence (treatment-free interval, TFI) was 21 months. Overall, median survival after recurrence was 24 months. Patients with longer (>24 months) TFI had a higher median survival after subsequent treatment at 35 months compared to only 10 months in those who recurred <or=24 months (p=0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although patients with primary early-stage high-risk ovarian cancer have an overall favorable prognosis, survival after recurrence is poor and comparable to those with recurrent advanced-stage disease. Novel therapeutic modalities are warranted in these high-risk patients.
authors: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, San Francisco School of Medicine, UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94143-1702, USA. chanjohn@obgyn.ucsf.edu
authors: John K
authors: JK
authors: Chan
authors: Chunqiao
authors: C
authors: Tian
authors: Deanna
authors: D
authors: Teoh
authors: Bradley J
authors: BJ
authors: Monk
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Herzog
authors: Daniel S
authors: DS
authors: Kapp
authors: Jeffrey
authors: J
authors: Bell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel