title: Cyano metabolite as a biomarker of nitrofurazone in channel catfish.
abstract: The use of nitrofuran drugs in food-producing animals continues to attract international concern as a food safety issue. Methods for monitoring nitrofuran residues have been directed to the intact side chain of tissue-bound metabolites. Semicarbazide, the side chain of nitrofurazone (NFZ), can enter food products from non-NFZ sources, suggesting the need for an alternative biomarker for confirmatory purposes. We characterized a cyano derivative as a major metabolite of NFZ in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). The depletion of cyano metabolite was examined in the muscle of channel catfish after oral dosing (10 mg of NFZ/kg of body weight). Parent NFZ was rapidly eliminated in muscle, with a half-life of 6.3 h. The cyano metabolite was detected for up to 2 weeks, with an elimination half-life of 81 h. The cyano metabolite represents an alternative biomarker for confirming the use of NFZ in channel catfish.
authors: Gulf Coast Seafood Laboratory, United States Food and Drug Administration, Post Office Box 158, 1 Iberville Drive, Dauphin Island, Alabama 36528-0158, USA. yuesong.wang@fda.hhs.gov
authors: Yuesong
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Edward L E
authors: EL
authors: Jester
authors: Kathleen R
authors: KR
authors: El Said
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Abraham
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Hooe-Rollman
authors: Steven M
authors: SM
authors: Plakas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D007059:Ictaluridae / Q000378:metabolism*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009583:Nitrofurazone / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D009583:Nitrofurazone