Senescent leaves of Artemisia annua are one of the most active organs for overexpression of artemisinin biosynthesis responsible genes upon burst of singlet oxygen.
To dissect and penetrate complexicity regarding the tissue-specific and environment-induced expression modes of cytosolic and plastidial terpene biosynthetic genes in A. annua, corresponding mRNAs relevant to terpene biosynthesis were quantitatively compared among distinctive organs and during different growth stages. Although all examined mRNAs gradually elevate from June to August in tested organs, a putative artemisinin biosynthesis responsible DBR2 mRNA represents the most abundant transcript anyplace and anytime. Apart from others, senescent leaves endow global activation of artemisinin biosynthetic genes and ultimately lead to enhanced artemisinin production. Direct measurement of (1)O (2) burst from senescent leaves strongly supports an involvement of (1)O (2) in conversion from precursor(s) to artemisinin. In the context of environmental stresses, physical and chemical stress signals that include those invoking (1)O (2) burst were evaluated as if inducing artemisinin biosynthetic genes. The quantitative data have reiterated a common pattern of modulating artemisinin production in A. annua by triggering (1)O (2) burst during senescence and under chilling acclimatization. In conclusion, a missing link concatenating senescence-coupled (1)O (2) generation to (1)O (2)-induced upregulation of artemisinin biosynthetic genes has been re-established, which would provide a fertile base for future endeavors pursuing further enhancements of artemisinin production.
Yang
Rui-Yi
RY
Laboratory of Biotechnology, Tropical Medicine Institute, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, 510405 Guangzhou, P. R. China.
Zeng
Xiao-Mei
XM
Lu
Yuan-Yuan
YY
Lu
Wen-Jie
WJ
Feng
Li-Ling
LL
Yang
Xue-Qin
XQ
Zeng
Qing-Ping
QP
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D031172:Artemisia annua / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D037621:Artemisinins; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; C031327:artemisinin