title: Adjuvant effects of chicken interleukin-18 in avian Newcastle disease vaccine.
abstract: Interleukin-18 (IL-18) can induce interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production and promote Th1 immunity, and hence, it modulates immune functions. In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo immunomodulatory activities of full length or mature chicken IL-18 expressed in a prokaryotic expression system (pCHIL18-F and pCHIL18-M, respectively) and chicken IL-18 expressed in a eukaryotic expression system (euCHIL18) were examined. Results showed that pCHIL18-F, pCHIL18-M and euCHIL18 significantly enhanced IFN-gamma mRNA expression in chicken splenocytes, which successfully increased IFN-gamma-induced nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by macrophages. Vaccination with cell-cultured Newcastle disease vaccine (NDTC) co-administrated with pCHIL18-F, pCHIL18-M or euCHIL18 resulted in significant increments of hemagglutination inhibition (HI) titers, cell proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and ratios of CD8(+) to CD4(+) in chickens compared with inoculation of PBS or NDTC alone. Thus, full length and mature chicken IL-18 expressed using a prokaryotic system and using a eukaryotic system showed equivalent in vitro and in vivo biological activities, and all forms effectively enhanced cell-mediated and humoral immunity, suggesting possible future use as a potential adjuvant in chicken NDTC vaccine production.
authors: Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Pingtung University of Science & Technology, 1, Hseuh Fu Road, Neipu, Pingtung 912, Taiwan, ROC.
authors: Li-Hsiang
authors: LH
authors: Hung
authors: Hsin-Pei
authors: HP
authors: Li
authors: Yi-Yang
authors: YY
authors: Lien
authors: Mei-Li
authors: ML
authors: Wu
authors: Hso-Chi
authors: HC
authors: Chaung
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D056724:Immunity, Humoral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D020382:Interleukin-18; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma