title: Skin dose study of chest wall treatment with tomotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The tangential-beam technique frequently presents challenges in homogeneity of radiation dose to the target. To ensure an adequate dose to the skin, a bolus is often used. Tomotherapy has already been shown to improve target conformity and homogeneity in other disease sites. Because of the tangential delivery technique and lack of flattening filter in TomoTherapy accelerators, we hypothesize that during chest wall irradiation using tomotherapy, the skin dose will be adequate without bolus.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study compares the dosimetric differences between tomotherapy chest wall irradiation and traditional linear accelerator-based tangential-beam technique. Tomotherapy treatment plans with and without bolus were compared with tangentialbeam plans. Plans were also generated for phantom studies, and point doses were measured using MOSFET dosimetry to verify the adequate skin dose. Monte Carlo simulations of static beams of both techniques were performed, and dosimetry was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Monte Carlo simulations and measurements confirmed that beams from tomotherapy deliver a higher skin dose than a standard linear accelerator. Skin dose also increases with the incident angle of the beams.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the characteristics of the tomotherapy beam and delivery technique, chest wall treatment plans from tomotherapy showed adequate skin dose [more than 75% of prescribed planning target volume (PTV) dose] even without bolus.
authors: Radiation Oncology Department, Moffitt Cancer Center, 12902 Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
authors: Khosrow
authors: K
authors: Javedan
authors: Geoffrey
authors: G
authors: Zhang
authors: Richard
authors: R
authors: Mueller
authors: Eleanor
authors: E
authors: Harris
authors: Lawrence
authors: L
authors: Berk
authors: Kenneth
authors: K
authors: Forster
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000379:methods; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects*; D035441:Thoracic Wall / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*