The emergence of immunomodulation: combinatorial immunochemotherapy opportunities for the next decade.
In the past decade we have witnessed important advances in the treatment of gynecological cancers and have recognized their potential immunogenicity. This has opened the door to explore immune therapy not only in HPV-induced cancers but also in ovarian and endometrial cancers. Here we will review the off-target immune effects of select chemotherapy drugs commonly used to treat gynecologic cancers and novel tools that can stimulate both the adaptive and innate immune mechanisms such as novel pleiotropic cytokines, Toll-like receptors, and powerful antibodies that can target inhibitory checkpoints, thereby activating effector cellular immune mechanisms and neutralizing suppressor cells. We will also review how existing drugs can be used for combinatorial tumor therapy.
Kandalaft
Lana E
LE
Ovarian Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Singh
Nathan
N
Liao
John B
JB
Facciabene
Andrea
A
Berek
Jonathan S
JS
Powell
Daniel J
DJ
Coukos
George
G
D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*