Children and television watching: a qualitative study of New Zealand parents' perceptions and views.
BACKGROUND
Television (TV) viewing is one of the most pervasive sedentary pursuits among children and adolescents. Research studies have shown that higher TV viewing hours are associated with a number of negative effects such as being overweight and obese, attention and behavioural problems, and impaired academic performance. Most interventions to reduce time spent watching TV have been school-based and little is known about the strategies that families use to control TV watching time.


METHODS
Six focus groups with Māori, Pacific and non-Māori non-Pacific parents were conducted to examine New Zealand parents' perceptions of their children's TV watching. Focus groups explored attitudes towards TV viewing, strategies used to reduce viewing, and opinion on two different electronic monitors that can be used to restrict TV viewing. Focus group discussions were transcribed and a content analysis was conducted.


RESULTS
Parents described TV as playing a dominant role in their family's lives, and highlighted several barriers to reducing children's TV viewing, such as parents not willing to reduce their own TV watching, a lack of safe alternatives to TV and the need to use TV as a babysitting tool. Limiting access to TV, making TV viewing a reward and finding alternative activities were current strategies parents employed to limit TV viewing; however, the barriers highlighted by parents make implementing such strategies difficult. Attitudes towards electronic monitor use to reduce TV viewing were mixed, but suggest further investigation of these devices is needed.


CONCLUSIONS
Electronic devices that restrict the amount and content of TV viewing have some potential to support interventions and merit further investigation. It is imperative for interventions aimed at reducing TV viewing to consider the role TV plays within a family context, ensuring parental perceptions around the benefits and barriers of reducing TV are accounted for.
Dorey
E
E
University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Roberts
V
V
Maddison
R
R
Meagher-Lundberg
P
P
Dixon
R
R
Ni Mhurchu
C
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D002648:Child; D003142:Communication; D004581:Electronics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013690:Television / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*