Serum ADMA concentration-- an independent factor determining FMD impairment in cardiac syndrome X.
Mechanisms of decreased endogenous vascular reactivity in individuals with cardiac syndrome X (CSX) are not fully understood.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the following serum markers: total nitric oxide (NO), asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and to establish their relation to ultrasound indexes of endothelial function and structural remodeling in CSX patients.


METHODS
The study group consisted of 43 CSX patients (mean age: 56.3 +/- 9 years), while the control group included 21 healthy subjects (mean age: 54.86 +/- 6.9 years). The high-resolution ultrasound was performed to measure: flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD), nitroglycerine-mediated vasodilatation (NMD) and intima-media thickness (IMT) of carotid arteries.


RESULTS
In CSX patients, significantly lower FMD (9.06 +/- 3.2%) and significantly higher IMT (0.667 +/- 0.14 mm) values were observed compared to healthy individuals (17.42 +/- 8.4%, 0.571 +/- 0.2 mm; P < 0.05). Mean total NO serum concentration was significantly higher in the CSX group (48.2 +/- 18.2 micromol/L) as compared to controls (32.1 +/- 1.4 micromol/L; P < 0.0001). There were no differences in serum ADMA and PDGF levels. In CSX patients, FMD values correlated with NO (r = 0.323; P = 0.039) and ADMA (r = -0.387; P = 0.012) serum levels; however, there were no significant correlations between NO and ADMA concentrations.


CONCLUSIONS
Serum ADMA concentration is the only independent factor determining FMD impairment.
Haberka
Maciej
M
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland. mhaberka@op.pl
Mizia-Stec
Katarzyna
K
Gasior
Zbigniew
Z
Mizia
Magdalena
M
Janowska
Joanna
J
Holecki
Michał
M
Zahorska-Markiewicz
Barbara
B
D000368:Aged; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017566:Microvascular Angina / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
D015415:Biomarkers; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; D005996:Nitroglycerin