title: The effect of posttraumatic stress disorder on risk-taking propensity among crack/cocaine users in residential substance abuse treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorders (SUDs) has been found to be associated with a range of negative clinical outcomes (e.g., relapse, suicide, legal problems, HIV infection). However, less is known about the particular factors that may be placing individuals with a co-occurring PTSD and SUD diagnosis at risk for these outcomes. The construct of risk-taking propensity may hold particular promise.
  
  
  METHODS
  To investigate the relevance of risk-taking propensity to PTSD-SUD patients, differences in risk-taking propensity were examined among 90 crack/cocaine dependent patients in residential substance abuse treatment with (n=20) or without (n=70) a current PTSD diagnosis. Risk-taking propensity was assessed using an established behaviorally based measure, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Crack/cocaine dependent patients with PTSD exhibited significantly greater levels of risk-taking propensity than patients without PTSD, and this difference remained significant even when controlling for the presence of comorbid psychiatric disorders and current psychotropic medication use. No evidence was found for a different pattern of change in risk-taking propensity from the beginning to the end of the task as a function of PTSD status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although preliminary, results suggest the need to further investigate risk-taking propensity as a factor that may be associated with the negative clinical outcomes observed among crack/cocaine users with PTSD.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, USA. MTull@psychiatry.umsmed.edu
authors: Matthew T
authors: MT
authors: Tull
authors: Adria
authors: A
authors: Trotman
authors: Michelle S
authors: MS
authors: Duplinsky
authors: Elizabeth K
authors: EK
authors: Reynolds
authors: Stacey B
authors: SB
authors: Daughters
authors: Marc N
authors: MN
authors: Potenza
authors: C W
authors: CW
authors: Lejuez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015897:Comorbidity; D016578:Crack Cocaine; D004219:District of Columbia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012309:Risk-Taking; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine