title: Treatment of head lice with dimeticone 4% lotion: comparison of two formulations in a randomised controlled trial in rural Turkey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dimeticone 4% lotion was shown to be an effective treatment for head louse infestation in two randomised controlled trials in England. It is not affected by insecticide resistance but efficacy obtained (70-75%) was lower than expected. This study was designed to evaluate efficacy of dimeticone 4% lotion in a geographically, socially, and culturally different setting, in rural Turkey and, in order to achieve blinding, it was compared with a potential alternative formulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children from two village schools were screened for head lice by detection combing. All infested students and family members could participate, giving access to treatment for the whole community. Two investigator applied treatments were given 7 days apart. Outcome was assessed by detection combing three times between treatments and twice the week following second treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the intention to treat group 35/36 treated using dimeticone 4% had no lice after the second treatment but there were two protocol violators giving 91.7% treatment success. The alternative product gave 30/36 (83.3%) treatment success, a difference of 8.4% (95% CI -9.8% to 26.2%). The cure rates per-protocol were 33/34 (97.1%) and 30/35 (85.7%) respectively. We were unable to find any newly emerged louse nymphs on 77.8% of dimeticone 4% treated participants or on 66.7% of those treated with the alternative formulation. No adverse events were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm the efficacy of dimeticone 4% lotion against lice and eggs and we found no detectable difference between this product and dimeticone 4% lotion with nerolidol 2% added. We believe that the high cure rate was related to the lower intensity of infestation in Turkey, together with the level of community engagement, compared with previous studies in the UK.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN10431107.
authors: Celal Bayar University Medical School, Department of Parasitology, Manisa, Turkey. oz1605@hotmail.com
authors: Ozgür
authors: O
authors: Kurt
authors: I Cüneyt
authors: IC
authors: Balcioğlu
authors: Ian F
authors: IF
authors: Burgess
authors: M Emin
authors: ME
authors: Limoncu
authors: Nogay
authors: N
authors: Girginkardeşler
authors: Tuba
authors: T
authors: Tabak
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Muslu
authors: Ozge
authors: O
authors: Ermiş
authors: M Turhan
authors: MT
authors: Sahin
authors: Cemal
authors: C
authors: Bilac
authors: Hakan
authors: H
authors: Kavur
authors: Yusuf
authors: Y
authors: Ozbel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D003153:Community Health Services; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010373:Lice Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010374:Pediculus; D012424:Rural Population; D012536:Scalp Dermatoses / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012574:Schools; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes