Sensations and reaction times evoked by electrical sinusoidal stimulation.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether 5 Hz and 2000 Hz sinusoidal electric currents evoke different sensations and to indirectly evaluate which peripheral nerve fibers are stimulated by these different frequencies.


METHODS
One hundred and fifty subjects chose three among eight descriptors of sensations evoked by 5 Hz and 2000 Hz currents and the results were submitted to factor analysis. In 20 subjects, reaction times to 5, 250 and 2000 Hz currents were determined at 1.1 x ST and reaction times to 5 Hz currents were also determined at 2 x ST.


RESULTS
Responses were grouped in four factors: Factor 1, which loaded mainly in descriptors related to tweezers stimulation, was higher than the other factors during 2000 Hz stimulation at 1.5 x ST. Factor 2, which loaded mainly in descriptors related to needle stimulation, was higher than the other factors during 5 Hz stimulation. Factor 1 increased and Factor 2 decreased with an increase in 5 Hz intensity from 1.5 to 4x ST. Reaction times measured from the fastest responses were significantly different: 0.57 s (0.16 to 1.60), 0.34 s (0.12 to 0.71) and 0.22s (0.08 to 0.35) for 5, 250 and 2000 Hz, respectively, and 0.22s (0.11 to 0.34) for 5 Hz at 2 x ST.


CONCLUSIONS
Sinusoidal electrical stimulation of 5 Hz and 2000 Hz evoke different sensations. At juxta-threshold intensities, RT measurements suggest that 2000 Hz stimulates Abeta-fibers, 250 Hz Abeta- or A partial differential-fibers, 5 Hz Abeta-, A partial differential- or C-fibers. The fiber type, which was initially stimulated by the lower frequencies, depended on inter-individual differences.
Félix
E P V
EP
Federal University of Sao Paulo, Neurology and Neurosurgery, 04120-050 São Paulo, Brazil.
Giuliano
L M P
LM
Tierra-Criollo
C J
CJ
Gronich
G
G
Braga
N I O
NI
Peres
C A
CA
Nóbrega
J A M
JA
Manzano
G M
GM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000502:physiology*; D036421:Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010292:Paresthesia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011312:Pressure; D011930:Reaction Time; D012016:Reference Values; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D014110:Touch / Q000502:physiology*; D014732:Vibration; D055815:Young Adult