title: A non-invasive methodology for fetal monitoring during pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper describes a methodology for the monitoring of the fetal cardiac health status during pregnancy, through the effective and non-invasive monitoring of the abdominal ECG signals (abdECG) of the mother.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this purpose, a three-stage methodology has been developed. In the first stage, the fetal heart rate (fHR) is extracted from the abdECG signals, using nonlinear analysis. Also, the eliminated ECG (eECG) is calculated, which is the abdECG after the maternal QRSs elimination. In the second stage, a blind source separation technique is applied to the eECG signals and the fetal ECG (fECG) is obtained. Finally, monitoring of the fetus is implemented using features extracted from the fHR and fECG, such as the T/QRS ratio and the characterization of the fetal ST waveforms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The methodology is evaluated using a dataset of simulated multichannel abdECG signals: 94.79% accuracy for fHR extraction, 92.49% accuracy in T/QRS ratio calculation and 79.87% in ST waveform classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel non-invasive proposed methodology is advantageous since it offers automated identification of fHR and fECG and automated ST waveform analysis, exhibiting a high diagnostic accuracy.
authors: Unit of Medical Technology and Intelligent Information Systems, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors: E C
authors: EC
authors: Karvounis
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Tsipouras
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Papaloukas
authors: D G
authors: DG
authors: Tsalikakis
authors: K K
authors: KK
authors: Naka
authors: D I
authors: DI
authors: Fotiadis
mesh_terms: D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy