title: Myristoylation of the small envelope protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus is non-essential for virus infectivity but promotes its growth.
abstract: The small envelope (E) protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is known to possess the properties of an ion-channel protein, and in the present study we show that the PRRSV E protein is N-terminal myristoylated. The PRRSV E protein contains the consensus motif of (1)MGxxxS(6) for myristoylation, and in the presence of 2-hydroxymyristic acid, the virus titer decreased by 2.5 log TCID(50) and the level of viral RNA was reduced significantly. When the glycine at position 2 was mutated to alanine (G2A) using an infectious cDNA clone, a viable virus was recoverable and a mutant PRRSV was obtained. The titers of G2A mutant virus were 2.0 x 10(4) and 1.0 x 10(6)TCID(50)/ml for 'passage-2' and 'passage-3' viruses, respectively, in PAM cells, and these titers were significantly lower than those of wild-type PRRSV. When treated with the myristoylation inhibitor, the G2A mutant virus was resistant to the drug. The data show that the PRRSV E protein myristoylation is non-essential for PRRSV infectivity but promotes the growth of the virus.
authors: Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2001 South Lincoln Ave, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
authors: Yijun
authors: Y
authors: Du
authors: Federico A
authors: FA
authors: Zuckermann
authors: Dongwan
authors: D
authors: Yoo
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D013552:Swine; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019562:Viral Load; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C020940:myristyl alcohol