title: Percutaneous nephrostomy: native and transplanted kidneys.
abstract: Percutaneous nephrostomy is a procedure in which access to the renal collecting system of a native (nontransplanted) or transplanted kidney is obtained through the skin, providing external drainage and/or a portal for additional minimally invasive procedures. Such additional minimal invasive procedures include nephrolithotripsy, ureteric stent placement, ureteric dilation, ureteric embolization/obliteration, and rendezvous procedures with cystoscopy. Percutaneous nephrostomy has been proven to be an effective and safe minimally invasive image-guided procedure. This article discusses the indications, techniques, imaging guidance modalities, and outcomes related to percutaneous nephrostomy. Extensions of the nephrostomy procedures, such as ureteric stent placement and nephro-ureteral stent placement are discussed in subsequent articles in this issue.
authors: Division of Vascular Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. wspikes@yahoo.com
authors: Wael E A
authors: WE
authors: Saad
authors: Meena
authors: M
authors: Moorthy
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Ginat
mesh_terms: D000075202:Contraindications; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018579:Patient Selection; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015607:Stents; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*