title: ppGpp inhibits the activity of Escherichia coli DnaG primase.
abstract: DNA primase is an enzyme required for replication of both chromosomes and vast majority of plasmids. Guanosine tetra- and penta-phosphate (ppGpp and pppGpp, respectively) are alarmones of the bacterial stringent response to starvation and stress conditions, and act by modulation of the RNA polymerase activity. Recent studies indicated that the primase-catalyzed reaction is also inhibited by (p)ppGpp in Bacillus subtilis, where a specific regulation of DNA replication elongation, the replication fork arrest, was discovered. Although in Escherichia coli such a replication regulation was not reported to date, here we show that E. coli DnaG primase is directly inhibited by ppGpp and pppGpp. However, contrary to the B. subtilis primase response to the stringent control alarmones, the E, coli DnaG was inhibited more efficiently by ppGpp than by pppGpp.
authors: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Maciag
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Kochanowska
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Lyzeń
authors: Grzegorz
authors: G
authors: Wegrzyn
authors: Agnieszka
authors: A
authors: Szalewska-Pałasz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000201:enzymology; D019915:DNA Primase; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000378:metabolism; D053488:DnaB Helicases / Q000378:metabolism; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D006153:Guanosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006158:Guanosine Pentaphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006159:Guanosine Tetraphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006153:Guanosine Diphosphate; D006159:Guanosine Tetraphosphate; D006158:Guanosine Pentaphosphate; D019915:DNA Primase; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; C121791:dnaG protein, E coli; C506730:dnaB protein, E coli; D053488:DnaB Helicases