title: Functionalizable and ultra-low fouling zwitterionic surfaces via adhesive mussel mimetic linkages.
abstract: In this work, a biomimetic polymer (pCB(2)-catechol(2)), with two zwitterionic poly(carboxybetaine) (pCB) arms for ultra-low fouling and two adhesive catechol groups for surface anchoring, was developed. Two pCB arms were grown from an initiator with two catechol groups via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Binding tests of pCB(2)-catechol(2) were performed on a gold surface under a range of conditions such as pH values and solvents. Protein adsorption from single protein solutions of fibrinogen and lysozyme, and complex media of 100% blood plasma and serum was evaluated using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor. Results are compared with those from two other polymers (i.e., one polymer with one pCB chain and one catechol group, termed as pCB-catechol, and another polymer with one pCB chain and two catechol groups, termed as pCB-catechol(2)). Furthermore, the direct immobilization of anti-activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (anti-ALCAM) was carried out on the pCB(2)-catechol(2) modified surface. Results showed that the antibody-immobilized surface maintained its excellent ultra-low fouling properties. The detection of activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) in 100% blood plasma with high sensitivity and specificity was achieved. This work demonstrates an effective and convenient strategy to obtain functionalizable and ultra-low fouling surfaces.
authors: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors: Changlu
authors: C
authors: Gao
authors: Guozhu
authors: G
authors: Li
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Xue
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Yang
authors: Fengbao
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Shaoyi
authors: S
authors: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D000941:Antigens / Q000097:blood; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D057219:Biofouling; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002396:Catechols / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal / Q000097:blood; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D006046:Gold; D006801:Humans; D055767:Immobilized Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007477:Ions; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012015:Reference Standards; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D013499:Surface Properties; D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000941:Antigens; D015703:Antigens, CD; D002396:Catechols; D015816:Cell Adhesion Molecules, Neuronal; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D006046:Gold; D055767:Immobilized Proteins; D007477:Ions; D011108:Polymers; C105613:ALCAM protein, human; D020410:Activated-Leukocyte Cell Adhesion Molecule; C034221:catechol