Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of liraglutide, a long-acting, potent glucagon-like peptide-1 analog.
Despite the continued development of new pharmacologic agents, and the use of several existing drug therapies, almost two thirds of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus do not reach the American Diabetes Association-targeted hemoglobin A(1c) level of less than 7.0%. Therefore, maintaining adequate metabolic control remains a primary concern for many clinicians and patients. It is now well recognized that in addition to defective secretion and action of insulin, other hormones also potentially play a role in the development and progression of type 2 diabetes. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a gastrointestinal hormone from the incretin family, which stimulates insulin secretion and plays an important role in regulating the enteroinsular axis. Incretin-based therapies are the newest class of glucose-lowering drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and may help address some of the unmet needs in this therapeutic area. Liraglutide is a once-daily GLP-1 analog that has been recently approved by the European Union regulatory agency and is in late-stage review by the United States Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of liraglutide and mechanisms behind its protracted action, which in turn enables enhanced glycemic control, are reviewed.
Meece
Jerry
J
Plaza Pharmacy and Wellness Center, Gainesville, Texas 76240-4323, USA. jmeece12@cooke.net
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D000069450:Liraglutide; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013997:Time Factors
D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D000069450:Liraglutide; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1