title: Effect of renal embolization with trisacryl and PAVc.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluate the degree of vascular occlusion, vascular recanalization, and necrosis of the vascular wall caused by polyvinyl alcohol-covered polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) particles compared to trisacryl particles after renal embolization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-nine female albino New Zealand rabbits underwent arterial catheterization of the right kidney. Thirty-three animals were embolized with trisacryl particles, thirty-one with PVAc particles, and fifteen were kept as controls. Four animals were excluded (three trisacryl and one PVAc) due to early death. Five subgroups of six animals were created. The animals in the different groups were sacrificed either 48 hours, 5 days, 10 days, 30 days, or 90 days after embolization. The control group was divided into subgroups of three animals each and kept for the same periods of time. The kidneys were dyed with hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome and then examined using optical microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in the degree of vascular occlusion caused by the trisacryl and the PVAc particles between the five-day and the ten-day groups. Additional differences were noted between the five-day and 48-hour groups in regard to the amount of necrosis. For both findings, the PVAc group members showed adequate tissue reaction (ischemia and volumetric reduction) and less recanalization than those treated with trisacryl.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of PVAc as an embolization material exhibited an adequate tissue reaction (ischemia and volumetric reduction), more expressive vascular occlusion and necrosis, and less recanalization than the trisacryl material.
authors: Departamento de Radiologia, Hospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil. leandro.assisbarbosa@gmail.com
authors: Leandro de Assis
authors: Lde A
authors: Barbosa
authors: Jose Guilherme Mendes Pereira
authors: JG
authors: Caldas
authors: Mario Luiz
authors: ML
authors: Conti
authors: Denise Maria Avancini Costa
authors: DM
authors: Malheiros
authors: Francisco Ferreira
authors: FF
authors: Ramos
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005780:Gelatin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D023421:Models, Animal; D009336:Necrosis; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D012077:Renal Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C496735:trisacryl gelatin microspheres; D005780:Gelatin; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol