title: Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract fraction 2 and povidone-iodine induced changes in the cyst of Acanthamoeba spp.: light and electron microscopic studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the minimal cysticidal concentration (MCC) between Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract fraction 2 and Povidone-lodine (PVP-I) on the Acanthamoeba cyst and to illustrate the morphological changes of the cyst after being treated by light and electron microscopies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Acanthamoeba spp were isolated from patients with Acanthamoeba keratitis and cultured on a non-nutrient agar plate (NNA) seeded with heat killed Escherichia coli (NNA-E.coli) at 37 degrees C for 7 days, adjusted to a final concentration of 10(4) cysts/ml. Several concentrations of PVP-I and fraction 2 of Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract were tested to find the minimal cysticidal concentrations (MCC) of both agents, at these concentrations there was no viable cyst which was confirmed by no excystment after further incubation for 7 days. The cysts were prepared for routine transmission and scanning electron microscopic studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Structural damages of the treated cysts by MCC of PVP-I and fraction 2 of Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract showed a series of damages. Starting from shrinkage, destruction or rupture of the cyst walls and opercula, withdrawal of the cytoplasm or edema cyst by the outside solution passed through the damaged wall caused a decrease in wrinkle ridges of the ectocyst. Then the cyst was ripped and torn into small pieces
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MCC of PVP-I solution and the fraction 2 of Pouzolzia indica methanolic extract were 0.04% and 1:4, respectively. The structural damages were somewhat similar, such as the shrinkage, ruptured cyst wall and opercula, edema and end by breaking up of the cyst wall and degeneration of the inside cytosol. Pouzolzia indica may be modified as an effective disinfectant solution for a contact lens case if the active ingredients are more purified.
authors: Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors: Jantima
authors: J
authors: Roongruangchai
authors: Tichaporn
authors: T
authors: Sookkua
authors: Tanawan
authors: T
authors: Kummalue
authors: Kosol
authors: K
authors: Roongruangchai
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015823:Acanthamoeba Keratitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D000818:Animals; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011206:Povidone-Iodine