title: Virtual reality distraction for pain control during periodontal scaling and root planing procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although pain management during periodontal treatment usually is achieved with anesthesia, alternative methods are available. The authors conducted a study to evaluate the analgesic effect of immersive virtual reality (VR) during periodontal scaling and root planing (SRP) procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors recruited 38 patients. They used a within-patient/split-mouth design. Patients received SRP under three treatment conditions in three quadrants. The three conditions were control, watching a movie and VR. After each SRP procedure, patients responded to questions about their discomfort and/or pain by using a visual analog scale (VAS) (range, 0 to 10 in which lower numbers indicate less pain or discomfort). The authors also recorded patients' blood pressure (BP) and pulse rate (PR). Patients were asked which of the three treatment modalities they preferred.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (+/- standard deviation) VAS scores for five questions pertaining to control, movie and VR were 3.95 +/- 2.1, 2.57 +/- 1.8 and 1.76 +/- 1.4, respectively. Paired t tests revealed that VAS scores were significantly lower during VR compared with the movie (P <.001) and control (P <.001) conditions. Similarly, BP and PR were lowest during VR, followed by the movie and control conditions. Patients reported that they preferred the VR condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that use of immersive VR distraction may be an effective method of pain control during SRP procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Practitioners can use immersive VR distraction for pain control during SRP procedures.
authors: Department of Comprehensive Care, Case Western Reserve University School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, USA.
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Furman
authors: T Roma
authors: TR
authors: Jasinevicius
authors: Nabil F
authors: NF
authors: Bissada
authors: Kristin Z
authors: KZ
authors: Victoroff
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Skillicorn
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Buchner
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention; D001794:Blood Pressure; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009040:Motion Pictures; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014584:User-Computer Interface