title: Ovine genital actinobacillosis: a review.
abstract: Actinobacillus seminis infection in rams constitutes a spectrum of pathological changes in various genital organs, with a predilection for the cauda epididymis. There is a need to understand the disease, as it represents a significant factor contributing to infertility and sterility. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the biological characteristics of A. seminis, modes of transmission, epidemiology and pathogenesis, clinical signs and pathological changes of the disease, the laboratory techniques that have been used in diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prevention, and the considerations that need to be taken into account for future research.
authors: London Regional Cancer Program, 790 Commissioners Road East, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 4L6. waleedca@yahoo.com
authors: W A
authors: WA
authors: Al-Katib
authors: S M
authors: SM
authors: Dennis
mesh_terms: D000187:Actinobacillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D044133:Actinobacillus seminis; D000818:Animals; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004823:Epididymitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000382:microbiology; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission