Drugs and aggression readily mix; so what now?
Intoxicated aggression is both a dangerous and a costly problem for society, with alcohol being involved in over 50% of violent crimes, and the cost of alcohol-consumption-related crime being estimated at $205 billion in the United States alone. First, the authors reviewed the substantial evidence for the connection between alcohol consumption and aggression, and then they examined the risk factors for this problem. These included societal/cultural factors, such as availability and alcohol expectancies, and individual factors, such as demographic characteristics, personality, comorbid disorders, individual differences in response to alcohol, and cognitive functioning. Finally, interventions were suggested focusing on policy, alcohol sellers, treatments for alcohol abuse and dependency, anger management, pharmacology, and low executive functioning. Further efforts are still needed to target interventions to specific risk factors.
Pihl
Robert O
RO
Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada. robert.pihl@mcgill.ca
Sutton
Rachel
R
D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000523:psychology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors