title: Circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 in patients with end-stage renal disease treated by peritoneal dialysis is intact and biologically active.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) regulates phosphorus homeostasis and vitamin D metabolism. Circulating FGF23 levels are elevated in inherited and acquired hypophosphatemic disorders that can cause rickets or osteomalacia. Particularly increased concentrations of FGF23 are observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), in which increased FGF23 is associated with more rapid disease progression, improved bone mineralization, the development of left ventricular hypertrophy, and increased mortality.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to determine whether the markedly elevated levels of immunoreactive FGF23 in CKD represent accumulation of intact, biologically active hormone, C-terminal cleavage fragments, or both.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biologically active FGF23 in plasma from CKD patients treated by peritoneal dialysis was quantified using a cell-based Egr-1 reporter assay; bioactive FGF23 levels were compared with those measured with immunometric FGF23 assays detecting either intact hormone alone or intact hormone and C-terminal fragments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult and pediatric patients with end-stage renal disease treated with peritoneal dialysis participated in the study at a tertiary referral center.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serially diluted patient samples revealed levels of bioactive FGF23 that ran in parallel to CHO cell-derived recombinant human FGF23. FGF23 bioactivity was inhibited by an anti-FGF23 antibody. Levels of bioactive and immunoreactive FGF23 were tightly correlated, and Western blot analysis of FGF23 immunoprecipitated with anti-FGF23 antibodies from plasma of dialysis patients revealed only a single prominent protein band, which was indistinguishable from recombinant intact FGF23, without clear evidence for FGF23 fragments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results provide strong evidence for the conclusion that virtually all circulating FGF23 in dialysis patients is intact and biologically active.
authors: Endocrine Unit, Thier 10, 50 Blossum Street, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA.
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Shimada
authors: Itaru
authors: I
authors: Urakawa
authors: Tamara
authors: T
authors: Isakova
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Yamazaki
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Epstein
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Wesseling-Perry
authors: Myles
authors: M
authors: Wolf
authors: Isidro B
authors: IB
authors: Salusky
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Jüppner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis
chemical_list: C000717427:FGF23 protein, human; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D000089703:Fibroblast Growth Factor-23