title: Gall bladder mucoceles and their association with endocrinopathies in dogs: a retrospective case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between endocrinopathies and diagnosis of gall bladder mucocele in dogs via a retrospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of 78 dogs with a surgical or ultrasonographic diagnosis of gall bladder mucocele were examined for the presence or absence of hyperadrenocorticism, hypothyroidism and diabetes mellitus. Two age- and breed-matched controls for each gall bladder mucocele dog (156 total control dogs) were examined for the same concurrent diseases. A matched case-control analysis was performed using conditional logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The odds of mucocele in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism were 29 times that of dogs without hyperadrenocorticism (P=0.001; 95 per cent CI 3.8, 219.9). No difference was found between dogs with and without diabetes mellitus. Although a significant association was found between gall bladder mucocele and hypothyroidism, potential observation bias was also identifi ed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperadrenocorticoid dogs that were presented for acute illness with laboratory evidence of hepatobiliary disease should undergo evaluation for the presence of a biliary mucocele. Dogs diagnosed with a gall bladder mucocele should be screened for concurrent hyperadrenocorticism if clinical suspicion exists.
authors: Department of Clinical Studies, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6010, USA.
authors: M L L
authors: ML
authors: Mesich
authors: P D
authors: PD
authors: Mayhew
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Paek
authors: D E
authors: DE
authors: Holt
authors: D C
authors: DC
authors: Brown
mesh_terms: D000308:Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009078:Mucocele / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies