title: Altered neuromuscular control of a hand muscle in chronic rotator cuff tears.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous EMG studies have shown that chronic rotator cuff tears (RCT) may be associated with an altered activation of adjacent shoulder muscles. The effect of RCT on central neuromuscular control mechanisms of hand muscles has as yet not been studied in detail. This study investigated the cortico-motor excitability of the first dorsal interosseus muscle (FDI) in patients with RCT.
  
  
  METHODS
  The resting motor threshold (RMT) of the FDI on both sides were obtained from patients with unilateral chronic RCT and compared with healthy control subjects without any shoulder pathologies with transcranial magnetic stimulation. Analysis of variance for repeated measures was performed to detect possible differences in RMT of the FDI in patients and healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RMT of FDI in patients on the affected side was lower when compared to the non-affected side (p = 0.015) and to both sides in control subjects (p = 0.041, F = 4.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reduced RMT of FDI in patients with unilateral RCT may be related to alterations in the sensory output from the shoulder and points toward a complete sensimotor restriction of the involved upper limb. These findings seem to be assigned to adaptive changes in the motor cortex as a consequence of chronic RCT.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke-University, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany. alexander.berth@med.ovgu.de
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Berth
authors: Géza
authors: G
authors: Pap
authors: Wolfram
authors: W
authors: Neumann
authors: Friedemann
authors: F
authors: Awiszus
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004576:Electromyography; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000502:physiology; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries