title: Determination of hemagglutinin and neuraminidase subtypes of avian influenza A viruses in urban pigeons by a new nested RT-PCR.
abstract: The prevalence of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) together with determination of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) subtypes were studied in urban pigeons using a new nested RT-PCR. Both oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs from birds were collected. Altogether, screening of all samples revealed that 12% of oropharyngeal and 20% of cloacal samples were positive for AIVs. However, samples from both the oropharynx and cloaca coming from one animal were positive in only 8% of pigeons. Four different HA and NA combinations H7N3, H7N6, H9N5, and H14N8 respectively, were identified using a new nested RT-PCR.
authors: Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Gronesová
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Mizáková
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Betáková
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002988:Cloaca / Q000821:virology; D010856:Columbidae / Q000821:virology*; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000145:classification*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000235:genetics*; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000821:virology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D009439:Neuraminidase