title: Histopathology of the arachnoid granulations and brain in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis: correlation with cerebrospinal fluid pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the histopathology of the arachnoid granulations in patients with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis and correlate the findings with clinical data, in particular cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postmortems were requested on patients dying during initial hospitalization with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five postmortems were performed. Large numbers of cryptococcal cells were seen within the arachnoid granulations. The number of fungal cells correlated with CSF pressure. Inflammatory cell infiltrates and disruption of the normal architecture of the granulations were also observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study provides the first direct evidence supporting the obstruction to CSF reabsorption at the level of the arachnoid granulations as the main mechanism underlying the development of raised CSF pressure in HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.
authors: Infectious Diseases Unit, GF Jooste Hospital, South Africa. angelaloyse@hotmail.com
authors: Angela
authors: A
authors: Loyse
authors: Helen
authors: H
authors: Wainwright
authors: Joseph N
authors: JN
authors: Jarvis
authors: Tihana
authors: T
authors: Bicanic
authors: Kevin
authors: K
authors: Rebe
authors: Graeme
authors: G
authors: Meintjes
authors: Thomas S
authors: TS
authors: Harrison
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D001099:Arachnoid / Q000473:pathology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015170:Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003933:Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*