title: Towards future reference systems for GM analysis.
abstract: Despite the fact that the measurement unit for the quantification of GMOs in food and feed products has not yet been unambiguously agreed upon in Europe, international trade requires reliable GMO analysis measuring comparably the GMO content of products. The two reference systems, based either on mass fractions or on copy number ratios, and their metrological traceability chains are presented and discussed. It is concluded that, properly established and expressed, measurement results in copy number ratios can provide a metrologically sound reference system. In this case, certified reference materials used for calibration and quality control can be independent of each other and the uncertainty derived from calibration can correctly be included in the overall uncertainty of the GMO measurement. However, further efforts are required to establish this metrological system.
authors: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), Retieseweg 111, 2440 Geel, Belgium. stefanie.trapmann@ec.europa.eu
authors: Stefanie
authors: S
authors: Trapmann
authors: Philippe
authors: P
authors: Corbisier
authors: Heinz
authors: H
authors: Schimmel
authors: Hendrik
authors: H
authors: Emons
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D018628:Gene Dosage; D005821:Genetic Techniques / Q000592:standards*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D012015:Reference Standards