title: Intracranial complications of sinusitis: what is the role of endoscopic sinus surgery in the acute setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intracranial complications of sinusitis (ICS) are uncommon in the antibiotic era. The role of neurosurgical drainage of ICS is fairly well established, but the role for acute surgical intervention for the sinus disease is not well defined. We retrospectively reviewed our experience with ICS to see if we could identify the role and effectiveness of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in the acute setting of ICS.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used a retrospective review of patients presenting to a tertiary care academic medical center for a 6-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three patients were identified with ICS, including epidural (8), subdural (10), intracerebral abscesses (2), and meningitis (3). Males were more affected than females (7:1). Twenty patients were 21 years old or younger. Twenty-two patients (96%) had radiologic evidence of frontal sinusitis with prefrontal or frontal lobe ICS at presentation. Medical therapy alone was successful in avoiding craniotomy in only 3 of 8 cases. Endoscopic sinus surgery and intravenous antibiotics as initial treatment was successful in avoiding craniotomy in only 1 of 6 patients. Of 23 patients, 18 underwent neurosurgical procedures--9 emergent procedures for abscesses more than 1 cm and 9 delayed procedures for persistent disease despite ICS less than 1 cm at presentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracranial complications of sinusitis usually result from indirect spread of acute frontal sinusitis. The role of ESS in the initial treatment of ICS is not clear. In our series, ESS did not appear to alter the need for neurosurgical intervention, which was ultimately necessary in most patients with ICS, even with lesions less than 1 cm.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. john.delgaudio@emoryhealthcare.org
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: DelGaudio
authors: Seth H
authors: SH
authors: Evans
authors: Steven E
authors: SE
authors: Sobol
authors: Shatul L
authors: SL
authors: Parikh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001922:Brain Abscess / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003399:Craniotomy; D004322:Drainage; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008581:Meningitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents