title: Chlorogenic acid attenuates adhesion molecules upregulation in IL-1beta-treated endothelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAM) on the endothelium and the attachment of monocytes to endothelium may play a major role in the early atherogenic process. Chlorogenic acid is a phenolic compound present in coffee, apples, pears, berries, almonds, artichokes, and aubergines. Previous studies have indicated that CA possesses antioxidant activity in vitro.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effects of chlorogenic acid and probucol on monocyte-like adhesion, adhesion molecule expression, NF-kappaB translocation and ROS production in IL-1beta-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the results of the MTT assay, we chose 25 and 50 mumol/L to perform the experiments. Chlorogenic acid dose-dependently suppressed IL-1beta-induced mRNA expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and endothelial cell selectin. Chlorogenic acid also suppressed the IL-1beta-induced production of ROS. We also observed that chlorogenic acid attenuated or blocked IL-1beta-induced nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappaB subunits p50 and p65, which in turn attenuated CAM expression at the transcription level. Furthermore, chlorogenic acid significantly reduced the adhesion of human monocyte cells (U937) to IL-1beta-treated HUVECs in a dose-response manner. These results are similar to that of probucol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that chlorogenic acid exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in HUVECs by inhibition of U937 monocyte-like adhesion, adhesion molecule expression, NF-kappaB translocation, and ROS production. The anti-inflammatory activity of chlorogenic acid in HUVECs suggests that chlorogenic acid could be useful in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
authors: Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors: Weng-Cheng
authors: WC
authors: Chang
authors: Chia-Hsin
authors: CH
authors: Chen
authors: Ming-Fen
authors: MF
authors: Lee
authors: Ted
authors: T
authors: Chang
authors: Ya-Mei
authors: YM
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011341:Probucol / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D011341:Probucol