title: Zoonotic risk for influenza A (H5N1) infection in wild swan feathers.
abstract: We examined whooper swans naturally infected with avian influenza virus (H5N1) to evaluate the possible zoonotic risk of swan feathers. Viruses were isolated from feather calami. Immunohistochemical testing revealed that virus antigens were present in the feather epidermis and feather follicle wall epidermis of some feathers. RT-PCR and genetic sequencing using paraffin sections of swan feathers confirmed the presence of avian influenza virus (H5N1) in the feather tissue. These results indicate that the feathers could have the risk for zoonotic infection from infected wild swans.
authors: National Institute of Animal Health, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. yyu@affrc.go.jp
authors: Yu
authors: Y
authors: YAMAMOTO
authors: Kikuyasu
authors: K
authors: NAKAMURA
authors: Manabu
authors: M
authors: YAMADA
authors: Toshihiro
authors: T
authors: ITO
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D046090:Anseriformes / Q000821:virology*; D005241:Feathers / Q000821:virology*; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology