title: Two-photon permeabilization and calcium measurements in cellular organelles.
abstract: Inositol trisphosphate and cyclic ADP-ribose, main intracellular Ca(2+) messengers, induce release from the intracellular Ca(2+) stores via inositol trisphosphate and ryanodine receptors, respectively. Recently, studies using novel messenger nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP) releasing Ca(2+) from calcium stores in organelles other than endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have been conducted. However, technical difficulties of Ca(2+) measurements in relatively small Ca(2+) stores prompted us to develop a new, more sensitive, and less damaging two-photon permeabilization technique. Applied to pancreatic acinar cells, this technique allowed us to show that all three messengers - IP(3), cADPR, and NAADP - release Ca(2+) from two intracellular stores: the endoplasmic reticulum and an acidic store in the granular region. This chapter describes a detailed procedure of using this technique with pancreatic acinar cells.
authors: Department of Physiology, Biomedical School, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
authors: Oleg
authors: O
authors: Gerasimenko
authors: Julia
authors: J
authors: Gerasimenko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology; D010539:Permeability; D017785:Photons; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium