[Vitamin K function mediated by activation of steroid and xenobiotic receptor].
Insufficient vitamin K nutrition is one of the risks for bone fracture. Vitamin K is clinically applied to osteoporosis treatment in Japan and Asian countries, as the administration has preventive effects on bone fracture. Recent studies have revealed that vitamin K functions as a ligand for Steroid and Xenobiotic Receptor (SXR), as well as a cofactor for gamma-carboxylase. In osteoblastic cells, several SXR responsive genes have been identified, including tsukushi, matrilin-2, CD14, and Msx2. Working together with gamma-carboxylated bone proteins, these SXR targets will function in the vitamin K-mediated bone protection. It has been also suggested that vitamin K could prevent or treat the hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in some clinical studies. SXR may also contribute to the vitamin K-dependent reduction of HCC.
Azuma
Kotaro
K
Department of Geriatric Medicine, The Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Inoue
Satoshi
S
D019735:Carbon-Carbon Ligases / Q000502:physiology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000517:prevention & control; D003067:Coenzymes; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D010006:Osteoblasts; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000502:physiology*; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014813:Vitamin K Deficiency / Q000150:complications
D003067:Coenzymes; D008024:Ligands; D000077297:Pregnane X Receptor; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014812:Vitamin K; D019735:Carbon-Carbon Ligases; C020660:glutamyl carboxylase