title: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy: a single-center evolving experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review our laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) experience, examine the evolution of technique, and compare the outcomes between the early and recent experience. The indications and surgical technique of LPN continuously evolve.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for 184 patients who underwent LPN for a tumor between October 2002 and August 2008 was retrieved from a prospective database. Surgical and functional outcomes for the entire cohort were analyzed and the first 50 (group 1) and most recent 50 (group 2) cases were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups were similar in terms of baseline renal function, body mass index, and comorbidities. The mean tumor size and the proportion of central tumors in groups 1 and 2 were 2.4 vs 3 cm and 12% vs 52%, respectively (P <.003). In group 2 we stopped the use of ureteral catheters and bolster renorrhaphy, and routinely clamped the renal hilum. Mean warm ischemia time in groups 1 and 2 (30 and 27 minute, respectively, P = .3) and the complication rate were similar. Overall, patients with tumors >4 cm had more complications (P = .042). In group 2 the estimated blood loss and hospital stay decreased (243 vs 140 mL, P = .01, 1.4 vs 2.5 days, P <.001). Overall 78% of the tumors were malignant and the positive margin rate was 3%. With a median follow-up of 18 months, no local or distant tumor recurrences were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With growing experience and technical modifications, LPN is now performed for patients with larger and more central tumors. Longer follow-up is necessary to evaluate oncologic outcomes.
authors: Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. davidlif@netvision.net.il
authors: David A
authors: DA
authors: Lifshitz
authors: Sergey A
authors: SA
authors: Shikanov
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Deklaj
authors: Mark H
authors: MH
authors: Katz
authors: Kevin C
authors: KC
authors: Zorn
authors: Scott E
authors: SE
authors: Eggener
authors: Arieh L
authors: AL
authors: Shalhav
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult