Sentinel lymph node mapping by a near-infrared fluorescent heptamethine dye.
We describe a near-infrared fluorescent heptamethine dye (IR-780 iodide) with unique properties for sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping in both small and large animals. This dye has a significant photobrightening effect in serum and a long retention time in the lymphatic system which allows to acquire much higher signal-to-noise ratios. Injection of only 10 nmol of this dye permits SLNs to be imaged easily in pigs using excitation fluence rates of only 2 microW/cm(2). In addition, this dye has a unique stability property after formalin fixation in tissues which raises the possibility of developing new and sensitive means of detecting lymph nodes in harvested surgical specimens. This dye can be completely cleared from the circulation in a couple of days and does not cause acute systemic toxicity.
Zhang
Chao
C
Institute of Combined Injury, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Nanomedicine, College of Preventive Medicine, Third Military Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Road, Chongqing, 400038, China.
Wang
Shaojun
S
Xiao
Juan
J
Tan
Xu
X
Zhu
Ying
Y
Su
Yongping
Y
Cheng
Tianmin
T
Shi
Chunmeng
C
D000818:Animals; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000378:metabolism; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D007454:Iodides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D045663:Quantum Dots; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
C548458:2-(2-(2-chloro-3-((1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-propyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)ethylidene)-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)ethenyl)-3,3-dimethyl-1-propylindolium; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles; D007454:Iodides; D007208:Indocyanine Green