title: A balanced anesthesia with dexmedetomidine decreases postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to a balanced anesthetic technique on postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic gynecological surgeries.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective double-blind randomized study was designed at Jordan University Hospital, Amman, Jordan between December 2008 and February 2009. Eighty-one female patients in their child-bearing age (17-48 years); American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) clinical status I, who were scheduled for elective diagnostic laparoscopic surgeries under general anesthesia were divided into 2 groups. Group D (n=42) received dexmedetomidine infusion, while group P (n=39) received 0.9% sodium chloride infusion along with the balanced anesthesia. The incidence of early (up to 24 hours) postoperative nausea, vomiting, nausea and vomiting, and the need for postoperative rescue anti-emetic medications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting decreased significantly in group D; 13 out of 42 patients (31%), compared to group P; 23 out of 39 patients (59%), vomiting alone did not significantly change, the incidence of postoperative nausea, and the use of rescue anti-emetic medications were significantly different. A significant drop in overall consumption of fentanyl and sevoflurane was also noted in group D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combining dexmedetomidine to other anesthetic agents, results in more balanced anesthesia and a significant drop in the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic gynecological surgeries.
authors: Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine and Jordan University Hospital, PO Box 13046, Amman 11492, Jordan. islam_wafa@yahoo.com
authors: Islam M
authors: IM
authors: Massad
authors: Wafa A
authors: WA
authors: Mohsen
authors: Asma S
authors: AS
authors: Basha
authors: Khaled R
authors: KR
authors: Al-Zaben
authors: Mahmoud M
authors: MM
authors: Al-Mustafa
authors: Subhi M
authors: SM
authors: Alghanem
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D020927:Dexmedetomidine