title: Augmentation of degenerated human cartilage in vitro using magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells and an external magnetic device.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to regenerate degenerated human cartilage in vitro by use of magnetically labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and an external magnetic device.
  
  
  METHODS
  MSCs from human bone marrow were cultured and magnetically labeled. Degenerated human cartilage was obtained during total knee arthroplasty. The osteochondral fragments were attached to the sidewall of tissue culture flasks, and magnetically labeled MSCs were injected into the flasks. By use of an external magnetic device, a magnetic force was applied for 6 hours to the direction of the cartilage, and then the degenerated cartilage was cultured in chondrogenic differentiation medium for 3 weeks. In the control group a magnetic force was not applied. The specimens were evaluated histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A cell layer was formed on the degenerated cartilage as shown by H&E staining. The cell layer was also stained in toluidine blue and safranin O and with anti-collagen type II immunostaining, indicating that the cell layer contained an extracellular matrix. In the control group a cell layer was not observed on the cartilage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We were able to show that our system could deliver MSCs onto degenerated human cartilage and then form an extracellular matrix on the degenerated cartilage in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our novel cell delivery system using magnetic force may lead toward a new treatment option for osteoarthritis.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors: Takaaki
authors: T
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Mitsuo
authors: M
authors: Ochi
authors: Shinobu
authors: S
authors: Yanada
authors: Masakazu
authors: M
authors: Ishikawa
authors: Nobuo
authors: N
authors: Adachi
authors: Masataka
authors: M
authors: Deie
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Arihiro
mesh_terms: D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008280:Magnetics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering