Digital thermal monitoring (DTM) of vascular reactivity closely correlates with Doppler flow velocity.
The noninvasive measurement of peripheral vascular reactivity, as an indicator of vascular function, provides a valuable tool for cardiovascular screening of at-risk populations. Practical and economical considerations demand that such a test be low-cost and simple to use. To this end, it is advantageous to substitute digital thermal monitoring (DTM) for the more costly and complex Doppler system commonly used for this measurement. A signal processing model was developed to establish the basis for the relationship between finger temperature reactivity and blood flow reactivity following a transient brachial artery occlusion and reperfusion protocol (reactive hyperemia). Flow velocity signals were acquired from the radial artery of human subjects via an 8 MHz Doppler probe while simultaneous DTM signals were acquired from a distal fingertip via DTM sensors. The model transforms the DTM temperature signals into normalized flow signals via a deconvolution method which employs an exponential impulse function. The DTM normalized flow signals were compared to simultaneous, low-frequency, normalized flow signals computed from Doppler sensors. The normalized flow signals, derived from DTM and Doppler sensors, were found to yield similar reactivity responses during reperfusion. The reactivity areas derived from DTM and Doppler sensors, indicative of hyperemic volumes, were found to be within +/- 15%. In conclusion, this signal processing model provides a means to measure vascular reactivity using DTM sensors, that is equivalent to that obtained by more complex Doppler systems.
McQuilkin
Gary L
GL
Cardiowave, Inc., Plymouth, MN 55446, USA. cardiowavemcq@outtech.com
Panthagani
David
D
Metcalfe
Ralph W
RW
Hassan
Haider
H
Yen
Albert A
AA
Naghavi
Morteza
M
Hartley
Craig J
CJ
D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D003935:Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013817:Thermography