title: [Echocardiographic evaluation of crisscross heart].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore atrioventricular connection and atrioventricular segmental situs in patients with crisscross heart (CCH) and to evaluate the diagnostic value of echocardiography for this anomaly.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten consecutive patients with crisscross heart were enrolled into this retrospective study. Their echocardiographic data were analyzed and compared with the results of X-ray angiocardiography and 64-slice multi-detector row computed tomography (MDCT) or MRI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The crossing of atrioventricular valves could be seen in each case by scanning in a subxiphoid or apical 4-chamber view. Both the positive rate and the specificity were 100%. Horizontal ventricular septum was in 9 cases and vertical (sagittal) ventricular septum in 1 case. The segmental set of 8 patients with concordant atrioventricular connection was {S. D. L} in 5 cases, {S. D. D} 1 case, {S. D. S} 1 case and {S. L. D} 1 case. The segmental set of 1 case with discordant atrioventricular connection was {I. D. D} and another 1 case with ambiguous atrioventricular connection was {A. L. L}. In 1 case, the atrioventricular connection was inconsistent with the atrioventricular segmental situs. Ventriculoarterial connections were concordant in 1, DORV in 6, TGA in 2 and C-TGA in 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Echocardiography is proven quite helpful in diagnosis of CCH, and continuous sweeps in subxiphoid long-axis plane or apical 4-chamber view play a key role. Both the atrioventricular connection and the atrioventricular segmental situs are complicated so that they are not always concordance with each other. It is necessary to account for separately.
authors: Pediatric Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China. geng_bin1@163.com
authors: Bin
authors: B
authors: Geng
authors: Gui-Zhen
authors: GZ
authors: Zhang
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Han
authors: Ji-Zhen
authors: JZ
authors: Mu
authors: Wei-Wei
authors: WW
authors: Mao
authors: Jiang
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Jin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003420:Crisscross Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies