title: Expression of the sodium/iodide symporter in human prostate adenocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze expression of the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) in tissue specimen from a large series of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma. Few data are available on the NIS expression in prostate tumor tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  NIS protein expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 78 tumor tissue specimen and their non-neoplastic counterparts. Total ribonucleic acid was extracted for semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis of NIS transcript. The relationship between NIS expression and Gleason score, prostate-specific antigen levels and stage was also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NIS protein was expressed in 41 of 78 prostate cancer (52.4%) and was located predominantly intracellularly, whereas immunoreactivity was missing in nontumor hyperplastic prostatic tissue. Absence of expression was mainly because of reduced or lost gene transcription, as detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A statistically significant relationship was detected between presence of NIS expression and some markers of aggressiveness including stage > or =pT2a (P = .007) and Gleason score > or =8 (P = .014).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate the presence of NIS transcript and protein in about half of prostate cancer tissues and its relationship with clinical markers of aggressiveness. Thus, it may potentially serve as a biomarker for defining individuals with biologically active prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaco-Biological Department, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navarra
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Micali
authors.forename: Saverio M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lepore
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cesinaro
authors.forename: Marilena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Celano
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sighinolfi
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Gaetani
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filetti
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Russo
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D027981:Symporters / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D007455:Iodine; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters