title: Protein kinase C mRNA and protein expressions in hypobaric hypoxia-induced cardiac hypertrophy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Protein kinase C (PKC), cloned as a serine/threonine kinase, plays key roles in diverse intracellular signalling processes and in cardiovascular remodelling during pressure overload or volume overload. We looked for correlations between changes in PKC isoforms (levels and/or subcellular distributions) and cardiac remodelling during experimental hypobaric hypoxic environment (HHE)-induced pulmonary hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  To study the PKC system in the heart during HHE, 148 male Wistar rats were housed for up to 21 days in a chamber at the equivalent of 5500 m altitude level (10% O(2)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 14 or more days of exposure to HHE, pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) was significantly increased. In the right ventricle (RV): (1) the expression of PKC-alpha protein in the cytosolic and membrane fractions was increased at 3-14 days and at 5-7 days of exposure respectively; (ii) the cytosolic expression of PKC-delta protein was increased at 1-5, 14 and 21 days of exposure; (3) the membrane expressions of the proteins were decreased at 14-21 (PKC-betaII), 14-21 (PKC-gamma), and 0.5-5 and 21 (PKC-epsilon) days of exposure; (4) the expression of the active form of PKC-alpha protein on the plasma membrane was increased at 3 days of exposure (based on semiquantitative analysis of the immunohistochemistry). In the left ventricle, the expressions of the PKC mRNAs, and of their cytosolic and membrane proteins, were almost unchanged. The above changes in PKC-alpha, which were strongly evident in the RV, occurred alongside the increase in PAP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PKC-alpha may help to modulate the right ventricular hypertrophy caused by pulmonary hypertension in HHE.
authors.affiliation: National Defense Medical College Research Institute, Tokorozawa, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uenoyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hiroi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications*; D017380:Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular / Q000209:etiology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D064546:Protein Kinase C beta; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; C087857:protein kinase C gamma; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D064546:Protein Kinase C beta; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha