title: Influence of BMI, Age and duration of diabetes mellitus on glycaemic control with twice-daily injections of biphasic insulin aspart 30 versus multiple daily injections of insulin aspart (JDDM 18): retrospective reanalysis of a 6-month, randomized, open-label, multicentre trial in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Good glycaemic control in patients with diabetes mellitus often requires insulin supplementation therapy. Recent developments of analogue insulin and premixed formulations have increased the therapeutic options for patients who need such therapy. This study aimed to retrospectively clarify appropriate treatment regimens according to age, body mass index (BMI) and duration of diabetes in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes previously entered in an open-label, randomized trial that compared convenience-oriented biphasic insulin aspart 30 versus multiple injections of insulin aspart with or without NPH insulin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Japanese insulin-naïve patients were randomized to receive either biphasic insulin aspart 30 twice daily or insulin aspart three times daily with or without multiple injections of NPH insulin for a treatment period lasting 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduction of glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)) at the end of 6 months was not different in the two treatment groups irrespective of BMI, age and duration of diabetes. However, the achievement rate of HbA(1c) <7.0% was significantly higher in patients with a BMI <25 kg/m2 in the multiple-injection group and tended to be higher in patients with a diabetes duration <10 years in the twice-daily injection group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Twice-daily injections of biphasic insulin aspart 30 may be more suitable for obese patients whereas multiple injections of insulin aspart with or without NPH insulin may be preferable for those with a longer duration of diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Arai Clinic, 1-38 Shiratoridai, Aoba-ku, Yokohama 227-0054, Japan. rai-cl@n04.itscom.net
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirao
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D061265:Biphasic Insulins; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007267:Injections; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D061265:Biphasic Insulins; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061267:Insulin Aspart; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C557564:insulin aspart, insulin aspart protamine drug combination 30:70