title: Hostility, cigarette smoking, and responses to a lab-based social stressor.
abstract: High-trait hostility is associated with persistent cigarette smoking. To better understand mechanisms that may account for this association, we examined the effects of acute smoking abstinence and delayed versus immediate smoking reinstatement on responses to a social stressor among 48 low hostile (LH) and 48 high hostile (HH) smokers. Participants completed two laboratory sessions, one before which they had smoked ad lib and one before which they had abstained for the prior 12 hr. During each session, participants completed a stressful speaking task and then smoked immediately after the stressor or after a 15-min delay. The effect of immediate versus delayed smoking reinstatement on recovery in negative mood was significantly moderated by hostility. When reinstatement was delayed, HH participants showed significant increases in negative mood over time, whereas LH participants showed little change. When reinstatement was immediate, HH and LH smokers showed similar significant decreases in negative mood. Smoking abstinence did not moderate hostility effects. Cigarette smoking may prevent continuing increases in negative mood after social stress in HH smokers, which may partially explain their low rates of quitting.
authors.affiliation: Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. christopher_kahler@brown.edu
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kahler
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Leventhal
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Colby
authors.forename: Chad J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gwaltney
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kamarck
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Monti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002248:Carbon Monoxide