title: Wheelchair repairs, breakdown, and adverse consequences for people with traumatic spinal cord injury.
abstract: McClure LA, Boninger ML, Oyster ML, Williams S, Houlihan B, Lieberman JA, Cooper RA. Wheelchair repairs, breakdown, and adverse consequences for people with traumatic spinal cord injury.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the frequency of repairs that occurred in a 6-month period and the consequences of breakdowns on wheelchair users living with spinal cord injuries (SCIs), and to determine whether certain wheelchair and subject characteristics are associated with an increased number of repairs and adverse consequences.
  
  
  METHODS
  Convenience sample survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen Model Spinal Cord Injury Systems Centers that are part of the national database funded through the Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.
  
  
  METHODS
  People with SCI who use a wheelchair for more than 40h/wk (N=2213).
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  The frequency of wheelchair repairs and occurrence of adverse consequences caused by a wheelchair breakdown in a 6-month period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within a 6-month period, 44.8% of full-time wheelchair users completed a repair, and 8.7% had an adverse consequence occur. People who use power wheelchairs required significantly more repairs (P<.001), and adverse consequences occurred more frequently (P<.001) compared with manual wheelchair users. The presence of power seat functions, and a person's occupational status or sex did not influence the number of repairs or adverse consequences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frequent repairs and breakdown can negatively impact a person's life by decreasing community participation and threatening health and safety. Mandatory compliance with the American National Standards Institute and the Rehabilitation Engineering and Assistive Technology Society of North America standards, changes in insurance reimbursement policy, and patient and clinician education are necessary to reduce the number of repairs and adverse consequences that occur.
authors.affiliation: Human Engineering Research Laboratories, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McClure
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Boninger
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Oyster
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Bethlyn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Houlihan
authors.forename: Jesse A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lieberman
authors.forename: Rory A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055615:Electrical Equipment and Supplies; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014910:Wheelchairs