title: Frequent STAT3 activation is associated with Mcl-1 expression in nasal NK-cell lymphoma.
abstract: Nasal natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma was resistant to various antitumor agents. Although high expression of p-glycoprotein has been reported, other molecular mechanism of the chemo-resistance is largely unknown. Activation of STAT3 and expression of major apoptosis-related proteins Bcl-2, Bcl-x, and Mcl-1 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Effects of STAT3 inhibitor AG490 on NK-YS cell line were analyzed by Western blotting and flow cytometric apoptosis assay. STAT3 was activated in six of the nine nasal NK-cell lymphomas (67%). In contrast, STAT3 activation was detected in 35% of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and in 10% of follicular lymphoma (FL). Frequent activation of STAT3 was significantly correlated with Mcl-1 expression in nasal NK-cell lymphoma, i.e., Mcl-1 was positive in five of six STAT3-active cases and negative in all three STAT3-inactive ones. In DLBCL, not only six out of seven STAT3-active cases (86%) but also eight out of thirteen STAT3-inactive cases (62%) were positive for Mcl-1 expression. Latent membrane protein-1 was positive in four nasal NK-cell lymphomas, among which three cases showed intermediate STAT3 activation. Inhibition of STAT3 activation by JAK inhibitor AG490 decreased Mcl-1 expression and induced apoptosis in STAT3-active NK-YS cells. Serum starvation rather increased the Mcl-1 level in NK-YS cells, and this effect was also canceled by AG490. These results suggest that activation of STAT3-Mcl-1 axis may play a role in the chemotherapy resistance of nasal NK-cell lymphoma. The pathway may be one of the future therapeutic targets of this intractable disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oshimi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D054391:Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D020032:Tyrphostins; C095512:alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide