Design and synthesis of 5,5'-disubstituted aminohydantoins as potent and selective human beta-secretase (BACE1) inhibitors.
The identification of small molecule aminohydantoins as potent and selective human beta-secretase inhibitors is reported. These analogues exhibit low nannomolar potency for BACE1, show comparable activity in a cell-based (ELISA) assay, and demonstrate >100x selectivity for the other structurally related aspartyl proteases BACE2, cathepsinD, renin, and pepsin. On the basis of the cocrystal structure of the HTS-hit 2 in the BACE1 active site and by use of a structure-based drug design approach, we methodically explored the comparatively large binding pocket of the BACE1 enzyme and identified key interactions between the ligand and the protein that contributed to the affinity. One of the more potent compounds, (S)-55, displayed an IC(50) value for BACE1 of 10 nM and exhibited comparable cellular activity (EC(50) = 20 nM) in the ELISA assay. Acute oral administration of (S)-55 at 100 mg/kg resulted in a 69% reduction of plasma A beta(40) at 8 h in a Tg2576 mouse (p < 0.001).
Malamas
Michael S
MS
Department of Chemical Sciences, Wyeth Research, CN 8000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543-8000, USA. malamam@wyeth.com
Erdei
Jim
J
Gunawan
Iwan
I
Turner
Jim
J
Hu
Yun
Y
Wagner
Erik
E
Fan
Kristi
K
Chopra
Rajiv
R
Olland
Andrea
A
Bard
Jonathan
J
Jacobsen
Steve
S
Magolda
Ronald L
RL
Pangalos
Menelas
M
Robichaud
Albert J
AJ
D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D006827:Hydantoins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D006827:Hydantoins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C509280:BACE1 protein, human