Emerging technologies in the delivery of erythropoietin for therapeutics.
Deciphering the function of proteins and their roles in signaling pathways is one of the main goals of biomedical research, especially from the perspective of uncovering pathways that may ultimately be exploited for therapeutic benefit. Over the last half century, a greatly expanded understanding of the biology of the glycoprotein hormone erythropoietin (Epo) has emerged from regulator of the circulating erythrocyte mass to a widely used therapeutic agent. Originally viewed as the renal hormone responsible for erythropoiesis, recent in vivo studies in animal models and clinical trials demonstrate that many other tissues locally produce Epo independent of its effects on red blood cell mass. Thus, not only its hematopoietic activity but also the recently discovered nonerythropoietic actions in addition to new drug delivery systems are being thoroughly investigated in order to fulfill the specific Epo release requirements for each therapeutic approach. The present review focuses on updating the information previously provided by similar reviews and recent experimental approaches are presented to describe the advances in Epo drug delivery achieved in the last few years and future perspectives.
Murua
Ainhoa
A
Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Networking Biomedical Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, CIBER-BBN, SLFPB-EHU, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of the Basque Country, 01006, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Orive
Gorka
G
Hernández
Rosa M
RM
Pedraz
José Luis
JL
D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin