title: Cytotoxic metabolites produced by Alternaria no.28, an endophytic fungus isolated from Ginkgo biloba.
abstract: From the medicinal plant Ginkgo biloba the fungal endophyte Alternaria no.28 was isolated. Extract of the fungus grown in liquid culture media exhibited marked cytotoxic activity when tested in vitro against brine shrimp (Artemia salina). Eight compounds were isolated from the extract of cultures of this endophytic fungus and were elucidated as alterperylenol (1), altertoxin I (2), alternariol (3), alternariol monomethyl ether (4), tenuazonic acid (5) and its derivative (6), together with ergosterol and ergosta-4, 6, 8, 22-tetraen-3-one by means of spectroscopic analysis. Among them, both 5 and 6 showed significant cytotoxic effects in the brine shrimp bioassy, with mortality rates of 73.6% and 68.9%, respectively, at a concentration of 10 microg x mL(-1), and they were first isolated from endophytic fungi.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Natural Medicinal Chemistry, College of Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
authors.forename: Jian-Chun
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Ya-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ya-Tuan
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jin-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001156:Artemia; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005285:Fermentation; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000382:microbiology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013720:Tenuazonic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C546643:3-acetyl-5-iso-butyltetramic acid; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D013720:Tenuazonic Acid