title: Increased incidence of postoperative infections during prophylaxis with cephalothin compared to doxycycline in intestinal surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The antibiotics used for prophylaxis during surgery may influence the rate of surgical site infections. Tetracyclines are attractive having a long half-life and few side effects when used in a single dose regimen. We studied the rate of surgical site infections during changing regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis in medium and major size surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective registration of surgical site infection following intestinal resections and hysterectomies was performed. Possible confounding procedure and patient related factors were registered. The study included 1541 procedures and 1489 controls. The registration included time periods when the regimen was changed from doxycycline to cephalothin and back again.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SSI in the colorectal department increased from 19% to 30% (p=0.002) when doxycycline was substituted with cephalothin and decreased to 17% when we changed back to doxycycline (p=0.005). In the gynaecology department the surgical site infection rate did not increase significantly. Subgroup analysis showed major changes in infections in rectal resections from 20% to 35% (p=0.02) and back to 12% (p=0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Doxycycline combined with metronidazole, is an attractive candidate for antibiotic prophylaxis in medium and major size intestinal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Haukeland University Hospital, and Institute of Surgery, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. gba@vizhealth.no
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baatrup
authors.forename: Roy M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nilsen
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Svensen
authors.forename: Per E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Akselsen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D002512:Cephalothin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007422:Intestines / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D004318:Doxycycline; D002512:Cephalothin