title: HIV-1 Tat is unconventionally secreted through the plasma membrane.
abstract: The Tat protein is required for efficient HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1) transcription. Moreover, Tat is secreted by infected cells, and circulating Tat can affect several cell types, thereby contributing to HIV-1 pathogenesis. We monitored Tat secretion by transfected CD4+ T-cells. A Tat chimaera carrying an N-glycosylation site did not become glycosylated when expressed in cells, while the chimaera was glycosylated when mechanically introduced into purified microsomes. These data indicate that secreted Tat does not transit through the endoplasmic reticulum. The use of pharmacological inhibitors indicated that the Tat secretion pathway is unusual compared with previously identified unconventional secretion routes and does not involve intracellular organelles. Moreover, cell incubation at 16 degrees C inhibited Tat secretion and caused its accumulation at the plasma membrane, suggesting that secretion takes place at this level.
authors.affiliation: UMR 5236 CNRS, Département Biologie-Santé, Universit Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rayne
authors.forename: Solène
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Debaisieux
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bonhoure
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beaumelle
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus