title: A study of femoral neck fracture repair using a recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 directional release system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Significant difficulties are caused by the delayed union of femoral neck fractures. To address this issue, we designed a new device that applies recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to promote fracture union.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cannulated screw with holes was used to deliver rhBMP-2 to the fracture site. Fibrin glue was used as an adhesive agent to hold rhBMP-2 in the vicinity of fracture. RhBMP-2 was protected with polylactide-glycolide acid microspheres. RhBMP-2 release was evaluated to determine the effect of the improved screws.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When polylactide-glycolide acid microspheres were used, 3.65% of the rhBMP-2 was released in the first 2 h, 5.17% was released within 8 h, and 8.95% was released within 24 h. In the microsphere + fibrin glue group, 1.15% of the rhBMP-2 was released in the first 2 h, 1.75% was released within 8 h, and 6.68% was released within 24 h. Over 42 days, about 76.75% of the rhBMP-2 was released when using fibrin glue, which was lower than the amount released using microspheres alone (91.75%). In dog, a faster repair rate was observed on the side with the improved screw than on the side with traditional screw.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The directional release system described here can improve the process of fracture healing and is a promising technique for repairing femoral neck fracture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Peifu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yonghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Lihai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001863:Bone Screws; D004285:Dogs; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS) / Q000378:metabolism; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D006016:Glycolates / Q000494:pharmacology; D006416:Hematoxylin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011859:Radiography; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D006016:Glycolates; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D006416:Hematoxylin