title: Cognitive and academic outcome after benign or malignant cerebellar tumor in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the impact of malignancy and location of the cerebellar tumor on motor, cognitive, and psychologic outcome.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although many studies focus on long-term outcome after cerebellar tumor treatment in childhood, the impact of its precise location remains unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children, aged from 6 to 13 years, with a cerebellar malignant tumor (MT; MT group, n=20) or a cerebellar benign tumor (BT; BT group, n=19) were examined at least 6 months after the end of treatment using the international cooperative ataxia rating scale, the Purdue pegboard for manual skill assessment and the age-adapted Weschler scale. Structural changes in brain anatomy were evaluated and parents and teachers answered 2 independent questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parents and teachers reported high rate of learning and academic difficulties, but without any difference with respect to the type of tumor. However, children with cerebellar MT showed increased cognitive and motor difficulties compared with children with cerebellar BT. Cerebellar signs at clinical examination and manual skill impairment were strongly associated with cognitive difficulties. Both motor and cognitive impairments were found to be associated with extension of the lesion to the dentate nuclei.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dentate nuclei lesions are major risk factors of motor and cognitive impairments in both cerebellar BT and MT.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Psychology and Cognitive Neurosciences, University Paris Descartes, Boulogne-Billancourt, France. delphine.callu@u-psud.fr
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Callu
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Viguier
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laroussinie
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puget
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boddaert
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kieffer
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Piana
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Escolano
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Renier
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sainte-Rose
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grill
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dellatolas
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D002528:Cerebellar Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000601:surgery; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007807:Language Tests; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D018579:Patient Selection; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome