title: Social cognitive predictors of peer acceptance at age 5 and the moderating effects of gender.
abstract: In this study we examined the effects of social intelligence, empathy, verbal ability and appearance-reality distinction on the level of peer acceptance, as well as the moderating role of gender. Participants were 98 five-year-old children (43 boys and 55 girls; mean age 5 years 3 months for boys and girls). Our results showed a main effect of social intelligence on peer acceptance, as well as several other effects that were moderated by gender: a significant and positive effect of verbal ability on social acceptance was found for boys; appearance-reality distinction was found to have a positive effect on social acceptance in the case of girls; and although empathy had a significant positive effect on social acceptance for both boys and girls, this effect was more pronounced among boys. Our results suggest that abilities promoting peer acceptance are different for boys and girls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ethology, Estación Biológic de Doñana, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (C.S.I.C.), Apartado 1056, 41080 Seville, Spain. braza@ebd.csic.es
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Braza
authors.forename: Aitziber
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azurmendi
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: María R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Carreras
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Braza
authors.forename: Ainhoa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Aizpea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sorozabal
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Martín
mesh_terms: D001076:Aptitude; D002675:Child, Preschool; D056348:Emotional Intelligence; D004644:Emotions; D004645:Empathy; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010379:Peer Group; D018187:Personal Construct Theory; D011936:Reality Testing; D012919:Social Behavior; D012928:Social Desirability; D012933:Social Identification; D012963:Sociometric Techniques; D014705:Verbal Behavior