The role of rhinovirus infections in the development of early childhood asthma.
OBJECTIVE
To discuss the role of human rhinoviruses (HRVs) in early childhood wheezing illnesses and how HRVs contribute to the development of childhood asthma.


RESULTS
Advanced molecular diagnostics have identified HRVs as pathogens frequently causing wheezing illnesses in infants and young children. Wheezing during HRV infection in early life identifies children at particularly high-risk of asthma development. Plausible mechanisms by which HRV could cause airway damage, promote airway remodeling, and lead to asthma development have recently been identified.


CONCLUSIONS
HRV is a significant source of morbidity in infants and young children. The present review identifies mechanisms by which HRV lower respiratory tract infection, particularly in a susceptible host, could promote the development of childhood asthma. Further studies are needed to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the link between HRV wheezing in early childhood and subsequent asthma development, with the critical goal of identifying novel therapeutic and prevention strategies for both early childhood wheezing and asthma.
Jackson
Daniel J
DJ
University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Pediatrics, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA. djj@medicine.wisc.edu
D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010850:Picornaviridae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012135:Respiratory Sounds; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012307:Risk Factors