title: Thyroidectomy in patients at high-risk of bleeding: can it be safely performed?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the safety of thyroid surgery in patients where anticoagulation was unavoidable or in patients with coagulopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of all patients having high risk of bleeding at the time of thyroidectomy (July 2000 and March 2005) were retrospectively reviewed to evaluate intraoperative and postoperative bleeding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten patients were studied. Thyroid lobectomy with isthmusectomy (N=3) and bilateral thyroidectomy (N=7) were performed. Intraoperative surgical hemostasis was meticulous using ligasure vessel sealing system. Patients were divided in 3 groups. Group I (N=2) had small-vessel vasculitis, underwent thyroidectomy under full heparinization. Heparin therapy was continued until full anticoagulation by oral anticoagulants. Group II (N=2) had a documented congenital coagulation defect, had a pre and postoperative special protocols. Group III (N=6) underwent simultaneous thyroid and cardiac surgery (e.g.: intraoperative full heparinization and postoperative antiplatelet therapy in some cases). No extra-bleeding was noted on surgical reports. In the postoperative period, one patient developed a superficial small hematoma in the neck that resolved spontaneously. Transient unilateral laryngeal nerve palsy and transient hypocalcemia were seen in one and two patients respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thyroidectomy in patients with coagulopathy is feasible with low risk of bleeding if meticulous hemostasis, particularly using ligasure vessel sealing system, is respected.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Hotel Dieu de France Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Joseph University Beirut, Lebanon. dbabboud@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Abboud
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sleilaty
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Braidy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melkane
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nasr
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects