Content analysis of disease awareness advertisements in popular Australian women's magazines.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the nature of disease awareness advertising (DAA).


METHODS
Therapeutic advertisements in six popular Australian women's magazines were monitored between April 2006 and March 2007. A subset of advertisements was included in the study based on criteria derived from a definition of DAA. Unique advertisements were analysed by four independent coders.


METHODS
Types of advertisements and their sponsors, the types of disease information present, and the persuasive techniques utilised.


RESULTS
Of 711 advertisements identified, 60 met the inclusion criteria for DAA, and 30 of these were unique. Over one-third of the advertisements were classified as "unbranded product advertisements", which promote a product without referring directly to a brand. DAA sponsored by pharmaceutical companies most often provided treatment and prevalence information. Most (22/30) advertisements used emotional appeals; 15 of these used "happiness/healthiness/wellbeing".


CONCLUSIONS
The educational value of industry-sponsored DAA could be improved if regulations and guidelines stipulated disease information requirements, such as inclusion of risk-factor and symptom information. Regulators should provide guidelines for "unbranded product advertisements" and the acceptability of other persuasive techniques. Further research into DAA is required and should consider advertisements in a range of media, and behavioural responses.
Hall
Danika V
DV
Centre for Health Initiatives, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia. dh14@uow.edu.au
Jones
Sandra C
SC
Iverson
Donald C
DC
D000329:Advertising; D001315:Australia; D054626:Consumer Health Information; D004345:Drug Industry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018156:Journalism, Medical; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations
D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations