title: The ethyl acetate extract of Phellinus linteus grown on germinated brown rice induces G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human colon carcinoma HT29 cells.
abstract: It is well known that Phellinus linteus has a variety of biological functions, such as antitumor and immunomodulating activities. In our previous studies, we developed a P. linteus grown on germinated brown rice (PBR) and found that organic solvent extracts of PBR possessed immunomodulating activity to regulate a balance of cytokine network in mice. The components of PBR are ergosterol peroxide, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and Beta-glucan. In this study, we demonstrate that an organic solvent extract of P. linteus grown on PBR induced apoptotic cell death through the induction of G(0)/G(1) arrest of cell cycle and the apoptosis via DNA fragmentation in human colon carcinoma HT-29 cells. Cell death induced by the extract of P. linteus grown on PBR was shown to be associated with the upregulation of p21(CIP1/WAF1), the downregulation of cyclin D1, anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, the release of cytochrome c, and the activation of caspase-9, caspase-3 and caspase-8. This study suggests that the ethyl acetate extract of P. linteus grown on PBR induces apoptosis accompanied by cell cycle arrest at G(0)/G(1) phase and regulates apoptosis-regulatory proteins, which may be applicable to anticancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, 1 Hwayang-dong, kwangjin-gu, Seoul, 143-701, Korea. hyejinpak@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Se Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Se Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sung Gu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Dong Ki
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D012275:Oryza; D000084682:Phellinus; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; C526145:Phellinus linteus extract; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides