title: Glycine betaine biosynthesized from glycine provides an osmolyte for cell growth and spore germination during osmotic stress in Myxococcus xanthus.
abstract: Glycine sarcosine methyltransferase (Gsm) and sarcosine dimethylglycine methyltransferase (Sdm) catalyze glycine betaine synthesis from glycine. Disruption of the M. xanthus gsmA (MXAN 7068) or sdmA (MXAN 3190) gene, encoding Gsm or Sdm homologue proteins, respectively, generated mutants that exhibited a longer lag period of growth and delayed spore germination under osmostress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Kagawa, Japan 761-0795. kimura@ag.kagawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Hinae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takegawa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001622:Betaine / Q000378:metabolism*; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D005998:Glycine / Q000378:metabolism*; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D016941:Myxococcus xanthus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D001622:Betaine; D050938:Glycine N-Methyltransferase; D005998:Glycine