title: Trace determination of pharmaceuticals and other wastewater-derived micropollutants by solid phase extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
abstract: The presence of pharmaceuticals and other wastewater-derived micropollutants in surface and groundwaters is receiving intense public and scientific attention. Yet simple GC/MS methods that would enable measurement of a wide range of such compounds are scarce. This paper describes a GC/MS method for the simultaneous determination of 13 pharmaceuticals (acetaminophen, albuterol, allopurinol, amitriptyline, brompheniramine, carbamazepine, carisoprodol, ciclopirox, diazepam, fenofibrate, metoprolol, primidone, and terbinafine) and 5 wastewater-derived contaminants (caffeine, diethyltoluamide, n-butylbenzene sulfonamide, n-nonylphenol, and n-octylphenol) by solid phase extraction (SPE) and derivatization with BSTFA. The method was applied to the analysis of raw and treated sewage samples obtained from a wastewater treatment plant located in the mid-Atlantic United States. All analytes were detected in untreated sewage, and 14 of the 18 analytes were detected in treated sewage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, 313 Ames Hall, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bisceglia
authors.forename: Jim T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coelhan
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bouwer
authors.forename: A Lynn
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D012722:Sewage; D012997:Solvents; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical