Mapping human genetic diversity in Asia.
Asia harbors substantial cultural and linguistic diversity, but the geographic structure of genetic variation across the continent remains enigmatic. Here we report a large-scale survey of autosomal variation from a broad geographic sample of Asian human populations. Our results show that genetic ancestry is strongly correlated with linguistic affiliations as well as geography. Most populations show relatedness within ethnic/linguistic groups, despite prevalent gene flow among populations. More than 90% of East Asian (EA) haplotypes could be found in either Southeast Asian (SEA) or Central-South Asian (CSA) populations and show clinal structure with haplotype diversity decreasing from south to north. Furthermore, 50% of EA haplotypes were found in SEA only and 5% were found in CSA only, indicating that SEA was a major geographic source of EA populations.
Abdulla
Mahmood Ameen
MA
Ahmed
Ikhlak
I
Assawamakin
Anunchai
A
Bhak
Jong
J
Brahmachari
Samir K
SK
Calacal
Gayvelline C
GC
Chaurasia
Amit
A
Chen
Chien-Hsiun
CH
Chen
Jieming
J
Chen
Yuan-Tsong
YT
Chu
Jiayou
J
Cutiongco-de la Paz
Eva Maria C
EM
De Ungria
Maria Corazon A
MC
Delfin
Frederick C
FC
Edo
Juli
J
Fuchareon
Suthat
S
Ghang
Ho
H
Gojobori
Takashi
T
Han
Junsong
J
Ho
Sheng-Feng
SF
Hoh
Boon Peng
BP
Huang
Wei
W
Inoko
Hidetoshi
H
Jha
Pankaj
P
Jinam
Timothy A
TA
Jin
Li
L
Jung
Jongsun
J
Kangwanpong
Daoroong
D
Kampuansai
Jatupol
J
Kennedy
Giulia C
GC
Khurana
Preeti
P
Kim
Hyung-Lae
HL
Kim
Kwangjoong
K
Kim
Sangsoo
S
Kim
Woo-Yeon
WY
Kimm
Kuchan
K
Kimura
Ryosuke
R
Koike
Tomohiro
T
Kulawonganunchai
Supasak
S
Kumar
Vikrant
V
Lai
Poh San
PS
Lee
Jong-Young
JY
Lee
Sunghoon
S
Liu
Edison T
ET
Majumder
Partha P
PP
Mandapati
Kiran Kumar
KK
Marzuki
Sangkot
S
Mitchell
Wayne
W
Mukerji
Mitali
M
Naritomi
Kenji
K
Ngamphiw
Chumpol
C
Niikawa
Norio
N
Nishida
Nao
N
Oh
Bermseok
B
Oh
Sangho
S
Ohashi
Jun
J
Oka
Akira
A
Ong
Rick
R
Padilla
Carmencita D
CD
Palittapongarnpim
Prasit
P
Perdigon
Henry B
HB
Phipps
Maude Elvira
ME
Png
Eileen
E
Sakaki
Yoshiyuki
Y
Salvador
Jazelyn M
JM
Sandraling
Yuliana
Y
Scaria
Vinod
V
Seielstad
Mark
M
Sidek
Mohd Ros
MR
Sinha
Amit
A
Srikummool
Metawee
M
Sudoyo
Herawati
H
Sugano
Sumio
S
Suryadi
Helena
H
Suzuki
Yoshiyuki
Y
Tabbada
Kristina A
KA
Tan
Adrian
A
Tokunaga
Katsushi
K
Tongsima
Sissades
S
Villamor
Lilian P
LP
Wang
Eric
E
Wang
Ying
Y
Wang
Haifeng
H
Wu
Jer-Yuarn
JY
Xiao
Huasheng
H
Xu
Shuhua
S
Yang
Jin Ok
JO
Shugart
Yin Yao
YY
Yoo
Hyang-Sook
HS
Yuan
Wentao
W
Zhao
Guoping
G
Zilfalil
Bin Alwi
BA
D000465:Algorithms; D001208:Asia; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics* / Q000266:history; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000266:history; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000266:history; D051456:Gene Flow; D005838:Genotype; D005843:Geography; D006239:Haplotypes; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008037:Linguistics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D025341:Principal Component Analysis