title: Heavy metal sources and associated risk in response to agricultural intensification in the estuarine sediments of Chaohu Lake Valley, East China.
abstract: In this study, the source and risk associated with heavy metals in the estuarine sediments of Chaohu Lake Valley in East China were studied. The results demonstrated that most metal contents (Cd, Pb and Zn) increased continuously from 0.21, 8.05 and 73.76 mg/kg in the substrate to 0.33, 17.20 and 100.22 mg/kg in the surface sediments on average, respectively, in all ten estuaries evaluated. In addition, the high proportion of chemically reactive forms of Cd (18.10-33.60%) implied a moderately high risk, while the risk associated with Pb and Zn was moderate in most estuaries. Enrichment factor (EF) and cluster analysis (CA) were conducted to assess the metal sources. The EF values of Cd, Pb and Zn (4.96, 3.68 and 2.25, respectively) indicated that they had accumulated in the estuarine sediments. Additionally, CA suggested that their primary sources were anthropogenic, namely the extensive use of fertilizers. Therefore, heavy metal pollution due to agricultural intensification in Chaohu Lake Valley should be taken into account during the formation of valley management strategies for the water environment.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory on Environmental Aquatic Chemistry, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Beijing 100085, China.
authors.forename: Wenzhong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Baoqing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhanpo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis; D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005308:Fertilizers; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D012306:Risk; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D015032:Zinc