title: Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) is a valuable biomarker for predicting the metabolic syndrome (MS) in institutionalized elderly residents in Taiwan.
abstract: Circulating levels of inflammatory and prothrombotic factors are elevated in the metabolic syndrome (MS) and linked with the occurrence of cardiovascular events. The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between inflammatory and prothrombotic markers and the MS in elderly institutionalized residents. A total of 326 non-diabetic residents of Chuang-Hua Veterans Care Home (age: 79.9+/-4.1 years; 100% males) were enrolled. MS was diagnosed according to the AHA/NHLBI Scientific Statement criteria. Body fat percentage was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Inflammatory markers, including tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-alpha), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1), were determined using ELISA. Elderly residents with the MS had higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (both p < 0.001) and higher HOMA-IR (p < 0.001), hsCRP (p = 0.008), and PAI-1 levels (p < 0.001) than those without the MS. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, PAI-1 was an independent risk factor for the MS. Of the MS components, elderly residents with higher waist circumferences and higher levels of plasma fasting glucose, and triglyceride (TG), and lower levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL) had higher PAI-1 levels than those without the above components.
authors.affiliation: Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, No. 160, Sec. 3, Chung-Kang Rd., Taichung 40705, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Yin-Yi
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Wayne H-H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Yih-Jing
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yi-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Szu-Chia
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ya-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Chu-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Der-Yuan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D009735:Nursing Homes; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D013624:Taiwan; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood; D014728:Veterans; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein