title: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d concentration, life factors and obesity in Mexican children.
abstract: Although current evidence emphasizes a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and an inverse association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) concentration and obesity, no studies have been conducted in Mexican children. The objective was to determine the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and its association with obesity and lifestyle factors in a sample of school-aged Mexican children. A cross-sectional study of 99 obese and 99 nonobese 6-12 year-old children, skin phototypes III-V, from six public schools was conducted during summer at latitude 25 degrees 40', in northeastern Mexico. Anthropometric measurements were determined. Serum 25-OHD was measured by immunoluminometric direct assay. Consumption of foods rich in vitamin D, sunscreen use and vitamin consumption were assessed through applied questionnaires. 62.1% of the subjects had insufficiency of 25-OHD (21-29 ng/ml) and 20.2% had deficiency (<20 ng/ml). Obese subjects (BMI >or=95th percentile for age and gender) had significantly lower concentration of 25-OHD than nonobese. Predictors of 25-OHD concentration were, in order of significance: percentage of body fat, BMI, triceps skin fold, and waist circumference (WC). A significantly higher rate of 25-OHD deficiency was observed in children with inadequate milk/yoghurt consumption, but no difference was found for other foods, physical activity (PA) or screen-time. In a multivariate model, being obese was significantly associated with the risk of 25-OHD deficiency, after adjustment for PA, screen-time, skin phototype, ingestion of milk/yoghurt, fish, cheese, and carbonated beverages. A high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and an inverse association between serum 25-OHD concentration and obesity was found.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Biotechnology and Health School, Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Monterrey, México. lelizond@itesm.mx
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Elizondo-Montemayor
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Ugalde-Casas
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serrano-González
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Cuello-García
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Borbolla-Escoboza
mesh_terms: D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003611:Dairy Products; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D