title: 3beta-taraxerol of Mangifera indica, a PI3K dependent dual activator of glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study focuses on identifying and developing an anti-diabetic molecule from plant sources that would effectively combat insulin resistance through proper channeling of glucose metabolism involving glucose transport and storage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Insulin-stimulated glucose uptake formed the basis for isolation of a bioactive molecule through column chromatography followed by its characterization using NMR and mass spectroscopic analysis. Mechanism of glucose transport and storage was evaluated based on the expression profiling of signaling molecules involved in the process.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study reports (i) the isolation of a bioactive compound 3beta-taraxerol from the ethyl acetate extract (EAE) of the leaves of Mangifera indica (ii) the bioactive compound exhibited insulin-stimulated glucose uptake through translocation and activation of the glucose transporter (GLUT4) in an IRTK and PI3K dependent fashion. (iii) the fate of glucose following insulin-stimulated glucose uptake was ascertained through glycogen synthesis assay that involved the activation of PKB and suppression of GSK3beta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates the dual activity of 3beta-taraxerol and the ethyl acetate extract of Mangifera indica as a glucose transport activator and stimulator of glycogen synthesis. 3beta-taraxerol can be validated as a potent candidate for managing the hyperglycemic state.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology, Anna University, India.
authors.forename: Kadapakkam Nandabalan
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Sangeetha
authors.forename: Sundaresan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sujatha
authors.forename: Velusamy Shanmuganathan
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Muthusamy
authors.forename: Singaravel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Nirmal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nithya
authors.forename: Devadasan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velmurugan
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.forename: Baddireddi Subhadra
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Lakshmi
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D031022:Mangifera; D051379:Mice; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003847:Deoxyglucose; D005947:Glucose; D006003:Glycogen; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010936:Plant Extracts; C501277:Mangifera indica extract; C005802:taraxerol