title: Health inequalities in urban and rural Canada: comparing inequalities in survival according to an individual and area-based deprivation index.
abstract: Social health inequalities are smaller in rural than urban areas because, some argue, people's social conditions are estimated at a small-area level, hiding variability at the individual or household level. This paper compares inequalities in survival according to an individual and area-based version of a deprivation index among a large sample of Canadians living in various urban and rural settings. Results show that survival inequalities in small towns and rural areas are lower than elsewhere when an area-based index is used, except in the remote hinterland, but of equal magnitude when the individual version of this index is considered.
authors.affiliation: Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 5B3.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pampalon
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hamel
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gamache
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012924:Social Conditions; D014504:Urban Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*