title: Glycosaminoglycans from earthworms (Eisenia andrei).
abstract: The whole tissue of the earthworm (Eisenia andrei) was lyophilized and extracted to purify glycosaminoglycans. Fractions, eluting from an anion-exchange column at 1.0 M and 2.0 M NaCl, showed the presence of acidic polysaccharides on agarose gel electrophoresis. Monosaccharide compositional analysis showed that galactose and glucose were most abundant monosaccharides in both fractions. Depolymerization of the polysaccharide mixture with glycosaminoglycan-degrading enzymes confirmed the presence of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate in the 2.0 M NaCl fraction. The content of GAGs (uronic acid containing polysaccharide) in the 2.0 M NaCl fraction determined by carbazole assay was 2%. Disaccharide compositional analysis using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) analysis after chondroitinase digestion (ABC and ACII), showed that the chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate contained a 4-O-sulfo (76%), 2,4-di-O-sulfo (15%), 6-O-sulfo (6%), and unsulfated (4%) uronic acid linked N-acetylgalactosamine residues. LC-ESI-MS analysis of heparin lyase I/II/III digests demonstrated the presence of N-sulfo (69%), N-sulfo-6-O-sulfo (25%) and 2-O-sulfo-N-sulfo-6-O-sulfo (5%) uronic acid linked N-acetylglucosamine residues.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanangno, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: A-Rang
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Youmie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joon-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sim
authors.forename: Zhenqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhenling
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Linhardt
authors.forename: Yeong Shik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000737:chemistry*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D004187:Disaccharides; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D009005:Monosaccharides