title: Blood orange juice inhibits fat accumulation in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effect of the juice obtained from two varieties of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), Moro (a blood orange) and Navelina (a blond orange), on fat accumulation in mice fed a standard or a high-fat diet (HFD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Obesity was induced in male C57/Bl6 mice by feeding a HFD. Moro and Navelina juices were provided instead of water. The effect of an anthocyanin-enriched extract from Moro oranges or purified cyanidin-3-glucoside (C3G) was also analyzed. Body weight and food intake were measured regularly over a 12-week period. The adipose pads were weighted and analyzed histologically; total RNA was also isolated for microarray analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary supplementation of Moro juice, but not Navelina juice significantly reduced body weight gain and fat accumulation regardless of the increased energy intake because of sugar content. Furthermore, mice drinking Moro juice were resistant to HFD-induced obesity with no alterations in food intake. Only the anthocyanin extract, but not the purified C3G, slightly affected fat accumulation. High-throughput gene expression analysis of fat tissues confirmed that Moro juice could entirely rescue the high fat-induced transcriptional reprogramming.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Moro juice anti-obesity effect on fat accumulation cannot be explained only by its anthocyanin content. Our findings suggest that multiple components present in the Moro orange juice might act synergistically to inhibit fat accumulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Oncology, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Titta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trinei
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stendardo
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berniakovich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Petroni
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tonelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Porrini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minucci
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Pelicci
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rapisarda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reforgiato Recupero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giorgio
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001628:Beverages; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D032084:Citrus sinensis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005960:Glucosides; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside