title: Ground reaction force profiles after partial and pancarpal arthrodesis in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare long-term functional outcome after partial carpal arthrodesis and pancarpal arthrodesis in dogs using kinetic gait analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen dogs with 19 partial carpal or pancarpal arthrodeses were retrospectively examined and underwent force-plate gait analysis. Mean times since surgery were 29.4 and 24.4 months for pancarpal and partial carpal arthrodesis respectively. Vertical and braking-propulsive ground reaction force profiles were compared between treatment groups, and to those of normal dogs (control group) using Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the exception of time to vertical peak that occurred earlier in dogs with pancarpal than in dogs with partial carpal arthrodesis (p <0.01), there was no difference between the two treatment groups. Several parameters differed significantly between operated and healthy dogs (p <0.01): vertical impulses were significantly lower in both treatment groups, braking forces and impulses were also reduced after both techniques. Propulsive forces and impulses were only reduced in dogs with pancarpal arthrodesis. When comparing gait parameters of sound limbs of unilateral operated dogs to those of control dogs, braking forces and impulses (p <0.01; p <0.05) were significantly higher in the sound legs of unilateral operated dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term outcome after partial carpal and pancarpal arthrodesis is good and comparable to each other. Propulsive action may be altered more in dogs with pancarpal arthrodesis.
authors.affiliation: Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Clinic of Small Animal Surgery, Zurich, Switzerland. aandreoni@vetclinics.uzh.ch
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Andreoni
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rytz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vannini
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Voss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000662:veterinary*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies