title: Regulation of mRNA cap methylation.
abstract: The 7-methylguanosine cap added to the 5' end of mRNA is essential for efficient gene expression and cell viability. Methylation of the guanosine cap is necessary for the translation of most cellular mRNAs in all eukaryotic organisms in which it has been investigated. In some experimental systems, cap methylation has also been demonstrated to promote transcription, splicing, polyadenylation and nuclear export of mRNA. The present review discusses how the 7-methylguanosine cap is synthesized by cellular enzymes, the impact that the 7-methylguanosine cap has on biological processes, and how the mRNA cap methylation reaction is regulated.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, U.K. v.h.cowling@dundee.ac.uk
authors.forename: Victoria H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Cowling
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006151:Guanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D008745:Methylation; D012315:RNA Caps / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D012315:RNA Caps; D006151:Guanosine; C016578:7-methylguanosine