title: Gracilis myocutaneous free flap in autologous breast reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The gracilis myocutaneous free flap provides an alternative for autologous breast reconstruction. It avoids abdominal donor-site morbidity, allows for a quicker recovery, provides an alternative to the thin patient with a hidden and acceptable donor site, and allows for supine positioning for harvest and inset in a timely fashion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was conducted of all autogenous postmastectomy reconstructions performed between January of 2005 and March of 2008. All patients receiving gracilis myocutaneous flap reconstruction for postmastectomy defects were included in this study. Office and hospital charts were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven gracilis flaps were performed during the study period. Average patient age was 50.4 years (range, 35 to 63.4 years), and average body mass index was 25.6 (range, 19.4 to 35.5). Of the 21 patients, 9.5 percent had hypertension, 19 percent smoked, none were diabetic, 14 percent were obese, and 4.8 percent had documented cardiovascular disease. Outcomes included a flap success rate of 100 percent, average operating time of 4.9 hours for unilateral (15 patients) and 6.7 hours for bilateral (six patients) flaps, intraoperative arterial thrombosis rate of 13.6 percent, average hospital stay of 3.75 days, major complication rate of 7.4 percent, and average follow-up of 7 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gracilis myocutaneous free flap provides an alternative breast reconstruction option for today's breast cancer patient. It allows for a quick harvest in the supine setting, creation of a moderate breast volume, consistent anatomy, and acceptable donor-site morbidity with good contour.
authors.affiliation: Rochester, N.Y. From the University of Rochester.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.forename: Sven N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Sandeen
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bossert
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perrone
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herrera
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D015411:Mastectomy, Modified Radical; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply; D013848:Thigh; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods