title: TaqMan low-density arrays and analysis by artificial neuronal networks predict response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in esophageal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy of locally advanced esophageal cancer is only effective for patients with major histopathological response. A total of 17 genes were selected to predict histopathologic tumor response to chemoradiation (cisplatin, 5-fluorouracil, 36 Gy).
  
  
  METHODS
  For gene-expression analysis quantitative TaqMan low-density arrays were applied. Expression levels in pretreatment biopsies of 41 patients (cT2-4, Nx, M0) were compared with the degree of histopathologic regression in resected specimens applying univariate, multivariate and artificial neuronal network analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase was identified as an independent predictor associated with major response (p < 0.002). Multivariate analysis of the marker combination provided response prediction with 75.0% sensitivity, 81.0% specificity and 78.1% accuracy. Artificial neuronal network analysis was the best predictive model for major histopathologic response (80% sensitivity, 90.5% specificity and 85.4% accuracy), representing a clinically practical system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low-density-array RT-PCR analyzed by artificial neuronal network predicts histopathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiation in our patient collective, and could be used to further individualize treatment strategies in esophageal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Strasse 62, 50937 Köln, Germany. ute.warnecke-eberz@uk-koeln.de
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Warnecke-Eberz
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.forename: Elfriede
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bollschweiler
authors.forename: Stephan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Baldus
authors.forename: Rolf P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Hans P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Dienes
authors.forename: Arnulf H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Hoelscher
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil