title: Evaluation of in situ curable biodegradable polyurethanes containing zwitterion components.
abstract: Porous polyurethane networks containing covalently attached zwitterionic compounds dihydroxypolycaprolactone phosphorylcholine and 1,2-dihydroxy-N,N-dimethylamino-propane sulfonate have been prepared and characterised. Three polymers were prepared by reacting methyl 2,6-diisocyanato hexanoate functionalised D: -glucose as prepolymer A with either polycaprolactone triol alone or with addition of 10 mol% zwitterion as prepolymer B. All polymer compositions were mixed with 10 wt% hydrated gelatin beads. The cured polymers with the gelatin beads showed compression strengths that were still suitable for use in articular cartilage repair. The incorporation of zwitterions yielded more hydrophilic polymers that showed increased water absorption and increased porosity. After four months degradation in phosphate buffered saline, the polymers containing zwitterions had approximately 50% mass loss compared with 30% mass loss for that with polycaprolactone triol alone. All polymers were non-toxic in chondrocyte-based assays. Subcutaneous implantation of these polymers into rats confirmed that the polymers degraded slowly. Only a very mild inflammatory response was observed and the polymers were able to support new, well vascularised tissue formation.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Molecular and Health Technologies, Clayton South, VIC, Australia. raju.adhikari@csiro.au
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Danon
authors.forename: Penny
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bean
authors.forename: Tam
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Pathiraja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gunatillake
authors.forename: John A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ramshaw
authors.forename: Jerome A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Werkmeister
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008422:Materials Testing; D008954:Models, Biological; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D055672:Static Electricity; D013499:Surface Properties; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011140:Polyurethanes