title: Evaluation of response in malignant tumors treated with the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib: a multitechnique imaging assessment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article is to illustrate the characteristic changes induced in different tumor types by the multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sorafenib reduces tumor perfusion and thereby induces necrosis and often hemorrhage. Malignant tumors treated with sorafenib undergo both morphologic and functional changes; however, the morphologic changes are less frequent and inadequate for early evaluation of response. Therefore, imaging tools accurately assessing hemorrhage and decrease in tumor perfusion with subsequent necrosis should be the mainstay in monitoring targeted therapy agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University, Hoppe-Seyler-Str. 3, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Maksimovic
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schraml
authors.forename: Joerg T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bitzer
authors.forename: Claus D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pintoffl
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horger
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000077157:Sorafenib; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D003287:Contrast Media; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib