title: Prevalence of access block in Australia 2004-2008.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Access block is the inability of ED patients requiring admission to access appropriate inpatient beds in a timely fashion, defined in Australasia as more than 8 h in the ED. The present study describes changes in prevalence of access block in Australia over a 4 year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Email, telephone and fax survey of ED on six Mondays at 10.00 hours (31 May, 30 August 2004, 18 June, 3 September 2007, 2 June, 2 September 2008). Data collected included point data on the status of patients in the ED at the index time and of recent ED attendance numbers. Results were collated and analysed by state and hospital role delineation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-eight (60%) of 80 eligible ED answered all six surveys. Presentations to the ED the day before rose 15% (P < 0.0001, paired t-test) in 4 years, and nationally access block patients in the ED rose an average of 27%, and patients waiting to be seen by a doctor 31%. There were differences between states, with hospitals in New South Wales reporting a significant reduction in access block patients (-51%, P= 0.0002), but all other states a significant increase (+45%, P= 0.001). There were differences by role delineation, with non-paediatric major referral hospitals experiencing the greatest access block, but smaller hospitals experiencing the greatest increase in patients waiting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Around one-third of all patients receiving care in these ED surveys were experiencing access block. There is evidence that flow through New South Wales ED has improved. The data suggest that most hospitals have passed the point of efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Australian National University Medical School, Canberra, New South Wales, Australia. drew.richardson@act.gov.au
authors.forename: Drew
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Anne-Maree
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kerr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D001509:Bed Occupancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002648:Child; D003441:Crowding; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010360:Patient Transfer; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires