title: Sonoelectrochemical treatment of water polluted with trichloroacetic acid: from sonovoltammetry to pre-pilot plant scale.
abstract: The sonoelectrochemical treatment of aqueous solutions of trichloroacetic acid (TCAA) has been scaled-up from the voltammetric analysis to pre-pilot stage. The degradation in absence of ultrasound field has yield to a poor performance which has been improved in presence of ultrasound. The sonovoltametry study has provided the range of potentials and/or current densities to be used with the lowest current efficiency penalty. Sonoelectrolyses at batch scale (carried out with a horn-transducer 24 kHz positioned at about 3 cm from the surface of the electrode) achieved little improvement in the degradation. However, when a specifically designed sonoelectrochemical reactor (not optimized) was used during the scale-up, the presence of ultrasound field provided better results (fractional conversion 97%, degradation efficiency 26%, selectivity 0.92 and current efficiency 8%) at lower ultrasonic intensities and volumetric flow.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Esclapez
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Milán-Yáñez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tudela
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Louisnard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-García
mesh_terms: D004563:Electrochemistry; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013010:Sonication / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018508:Water Purification / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D014238:Trichloroacetic Acid