title: Pacing strategy during the initial phase of the run in triathlon: influence on overall performance.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the best pacing strategy to adopt during the initial phase of a short distance triathlon run for highly trained triathletes. Ten highly trained male triathletes completed an incremental running test to determine maximal oxygen uptake, a 10-km control run at free pace and three individual time-trial triathlons (1.5-km swimming, 40-km cycling, 10-km running) in a randomised order. Swimming and cycling speeds were imposed as identical to the first triathlon performed and the first run kilometre was done alternatively 5% faster (Tri-Run(+5%)), 5% slower (Tri-Run(-5%)) and 10% slower (Tri-Run(-10%)) than the control run (C-Run). The subjects were instructed to finish the 9 remaining kilometres as quickly as possible at a free self-pace. Tri-Run(-5%) resulted in a significantly faster overall 10-km performance than Tri-Run(+5%) and Tri-Run(-10%) (p < 0.05) but no significant difference was observed with C-Run (p > 0.05) (2,028 +/- 78 s vs. 2,000 +/- 72 s, 2,178 +/- 121 s and 2,087 +/- 88 s, for Tri-Run(-5%), C-Run, Tri-Run(+5%) and Tri-Run(-10%), respectively). Tri-Run(+5%) strategy elicited higher values for oxygen uptake, ventilation, heart rate and blood lactate at the end of the first kilometre than the three other conditions. After 5 and 9.5 km, these values were higher for Tri-Run(-5%) (p < 0.05). The present results showed that the running speed achieved during the cycle-to-run transition is crucial for the improvement of the running phase as a whole. Triathletes would benefit to automate a pace 5% slower than their 10-km control running speed as both 5% faster and 10% slower running speeds over the first kilometre involved weaker overall performances.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biomechanics and Physiology, Research Department, National Institute of Sport, Expertise and Performance (INSEP), 11 Avenue du Tremblay, 75012 Paris, France. christophe.hausswirth@insep.fr
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hausswirth
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Le Meur
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bieuzen
authors.forename: Jeanick
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brisswalter
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis