title: Pathological findings and prostate specific antigen outcomes after radical prostatectomy in men eligible for active surveillance--does the risk of misclassification vary according to biopsy criteria?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the pathological findings and prostate specific antigen outcome after radical prostatectomy in men eligible for active surveillance according to 3 biopsy inclusion criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population included 177 men eligible for active surveillance who fulfilled clinicobiological criteria and biopsy criteria as group 1-less than 3 positive cores and less than 3 mm total tumor length, group 2-less than 3 positive cores with cancer involvement of less than 50% in any core and group 3-less than 33% of positive cores. Prostate specific antigen density cutoffs were also studied in these groups. Pathological findings on radical prostatectomy specimens and biochemical recurrence-free survival were studied. Median followup after radical prostatectomy was 34 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A majority of Gleason score 6 disease was observed in group 1 (51.7%) whereas a majority of Gleason score 7 or greater disease was reported in groups 2 (53.6%) and 3 (55.4%). Extracapsular extension was noted in 17.5% of radical prostatectomy specimens in group 3 vs 11.2% in group 1 (p = 0.175). The risk of overall unfavorable disease (defined as pT3-4 stage and/or Gleason score 8 or greater) was significantly higher in men with cancer involvement of 3 mm or greater on initial biopsy (27.3% vs 13.5%, respectively, p = 0.023). The 3-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 94.0% and was not affected by the 3 active surveillance definitions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even with the use of a 21-core biopsy protocol the rate of unfavorable disease in radical prostatectomy specimens remains increased in men eligible for active surveillance. Patients must be informed of this risk of misclassification which ranges from 20% to 28% in men who fulfill the less stringent biopsy criteria.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Urology and Pathology, CHU Henri Mondor, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ploussard
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: Evanguelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Xylinas
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Allory
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vordos
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoznek
authors.forename: Claude-Clément
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Abbou
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Taille
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen