title: Decrease in expression of histamine H2 receptors by human amniotic epithelial cells during differentiation into pancreatic beta-like cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Considering the role of histaminergic pathway in the differentiation of stem cells, we compared expression patterns of H(1) and H(2) receptors in the human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEC) culture at different stages of nicotinamide-induced differentiation into PBLC with the control HAEC.
  
  
  METHODS
  HAEC isolated after term pregnancies (N = 12) were cultured in vitro. Altogether, 72 cultures were established. The culture medium in the studied group was supplemented on Day 5 with nicotinamide (10 mM). C-peptide concentration in the medium collected every 3 days for 15 days was determined immunoenzymatically as a marker of differentiation. At the same intervals the cultures were formalin-fixed and paraffinembedded for H(1) and H(2) receptors immunostaining. Quantitative immunohistochemistry was applied for evaluation of H(1) and H(2) expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C-peptide was detected on Day 6 and the levels were kept gradually increased until Day 12, then stayed at almost the same level, 3.7-fold higher than initially. Expression of H(2) was unchanged until Day 9 after nicotinamide addition, then was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased and amounted (mean % value for the measurements performed on Day 12 and Day 15, +/-SEM) 49.73 +/- 11.03 of the reference value obtained in control HAEC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Variable expression of H(2) during nicotinamide-induced differentiation of HAEC into PBLC may define a time-point, indicating involvement of histamine at the earlier stages.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Experimental Pathology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. Dszukiewicz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Szukiewicz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pyzlak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stangret
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rongies
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maslinska
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D009536:Niacinamide