title: Brief communication: mitochondrial haplotype C4c confirmed as a founding genome in the Americas.
abstract: Mitochondrial DNA analysis of 31 unrelated Shuswap speakers from a previously poorly sampled region of North America revealed two individuals with haplogroups rarely found in the Americas, C4c and C1d. Comparison of the complete genomes of the two individuals with others found in the literature confirms that C4c is a founding haplotype and gives insight into the evolution of the C1d haplotype. This study demonstrates the importance of collecting and analyzing data from Native North Americans when addressing hypotheses about the peopling of the Americas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Animal Biology and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA. malhi@uiuc.edu
authors.forename: Ripan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Malhi
authors.forename: Jerome S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cybulski
authors.forename: Raul Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Tito
authors.forename: Jesse
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harry
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dan
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D018703:Founder Effect; D005784:Gene Amplification; D015894:Genome, Human; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000235:genetics*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D009656:North America; D010802:Phylogeny; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004247:DNA