title: The role of event-related potentials in cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression have become vital in clinical practice as disease modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD) become available. This one-year prospective study aimed to clarify the usefulness of event-related potentials (ERPs) in cognitive decline and elucidate their cognitive significance in AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI) and ERPs, probable AD patients, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and normal controls were recruited.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AD and MCI patients had significantly decreased cognitive function and manifested a delay of P300 latency. The P300 latencies demonstrated significantly more prolongation than their baseline values in probable AD and MCI patients, although their CASI scores showed no statistically significant decline. Whereas N100, P200, and N200 components did not reach statistical differences between groups either in the baseline or follow-up assessments and did not show significant change on follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of neuropsychological tests and P300 measurements proved useful in improving reliability and increasing sensitivity to early cognitive decline or disease progression in AD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The P300 latency may reflect cognitive decline more sensitively than neuropsychological tests in the longitudinal follow-up of AD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiou-Lian
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Ruey-Tay
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Ching-Kuan
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004569:Electroencephalography; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000502:physiology; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology