title: Hearing problems among a cohort of nationally certified EMS professionals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of hearing problems among a national cohort of emergency medical service (EMS) professionals, determine factors associated with hearing problems, and estimate the percentage of EMS professionals who utilize hearing protection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Utilizing results from a questionnaire, individuals who reported hearing problems were compared to individuals who had not. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to identify variables associated with hearing problems. Finally, items regarding use of hearing protection were assessed to estimate the percentage of usage among EMS professionals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 1,058 (57%) participants responded to the questionnaire. Of those, 1,024 (97%) who completed the hearing problems question were utilized for analysis. There were 153 (14.9%) cases of self-reported hearing problems. The final logistic regression model included lifetime occupational noise exposure 0.99 (95% CI = 0.9997-1.0002), report of previous back problems (odds ratio (OR) = 2.74, 95% CI = 1.8340-4.1042), large community size (OR = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.1211-2.4843), and minority status (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.3719-0.9867). Finally, 213 (20.8%) individuals reported utilizing some form of hearing protection at their main EMS job.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this analysis are the first national estimates of the prevalence of self reported hearing problems among EMS professionals. This study was also the first to estimate the percentage of EMS professionals who self reported the utilization of hearing protection.
authors.affiliation: National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians, Columbus, Ohio 43230, USA. afernandez@nremt.org
authors.forename: Antonio R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: J Mac
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Studnek
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wilkins
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002568:Certification; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004430:Ear Protective Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D004634:Emergency Medical Technicians / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult