title: Effect of glypican-1 covalently attached chains on turkey myogenic satellite cell proliferation, differentiation, and fibroblast growth factor 2 responsiveness.
abstract: Glypican-1 is a cell membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan that is composed of a core protein and covalently attached glycosaminoglycan (GAG) chains and N-linked glycosylated (N-glycosylated) chains. The glypican-1 GAG chains are required for cell differentiation and responsiveness to fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2). The role of glypican-1 N-glycosylated chains in regulating cell activities has not been reported. The objective of the current study was to investigate the role of glypican-1 N-glycosylated chains and the interaction between N-glycosylated and GAG chains in turkey myogenic satellite cell proliferation, differentiation, and FGF2 responsiveness. The wild-type turkey glypican-1 and turkey glypican-1 with mutated GAG chain attachment sites were cloned into the pCMS-EGFP mammalian expression vector and were used as templates to generate glypican-1 N-glycosylated 1-chain and no-chain mutants with or without GAG chains by site-directed mutagenesis. The wild-type glypican-1 and all glypican-1 N-glycosylated 1-chain and no-chain mutants with or without GAG chains were transfected into turkey myogenic satellite cells. Cell proliferation, differentiation, and FGF2 responsiveness were measured. The overexpression of glypican-1 N-glycosylated 1-chain and no-chain mutants without GAG chains increased cell proliferation and differentiation compared with the wild-type glypican-1 but not the glypican-1 N-glycosylated mutants with GAG chains attached. Cells overexpressing glypican-1 N-glycosylated mutants with or without GAG chains increased cell responsiveness to FGF2 compared with wild-type glypican-1. These data suggest that glypican-1 N-glycosylated chains and GAG chains are critical in regulating turkey myogenic satellite cell proliferation, differentiation, and responsivness to FGF2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster 44691, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Nestor
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Velleman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053673:Glypicans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014422:Turkeys
chemical_list: D053673:Glypicans; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2