title: Relation between microRNA expression and progression and prognosis of gastric cancer: a microRNA expression analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Analyses of microRNA expression profiles have shown that many microRNAs are expressed aberrantly and correlate with tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis of various haematological and solid tumours. We aimed to assess the relation between microRNA expression and progression and prognosis of gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  353 gastric samples from two independent subsets of patients from Japan were analysed by microRNA microarray. MicroRNA expression patterns were compared between non-tumour mucosa and cancer samples, graded by diffuse and intestinal histological types and by progression-related factors (eg, depth of invasion, metastasis, and stage). Disease outcome was calculated by multivariable regression analysis to establish whether microRNAs are independent prognostic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 160 paired samples of non-tumour mucosa and cancer, 22 microRNAs were upregulated and 13 were downregulated in gastric cancer; 292 (83%) samples were distinguished correctly by this signature. The two histological subtypes of gastric cancer showed different microRNA signatures: eight microRNAs were upregulated in diffuse-type and four in intestinal-type cancer. In the progression-related signature, miR-125b, miR-199a, and miR-100 were the most important microRNAs involved. Low expression of let-7g (hazard ratio 2.6 [95% CI 1.3-4.9]) and miR-433 (2.1 [1.1-3.9]) and high expression of miR-214 (2.4 [1.2-4.5]) were associated with unfavourable outcome in overall survival independent of clinical covariates, including depth of invasion, lymph-node metastasis, and stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MicroRNAs are expressed differentially in gastric cancers, and histological subtypes are characterised by specific microRNA signatures. Unique microRNAs are associated with progression and prognosis of gastric cancer.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  National Cancer Institute.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Volinia
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Taccioli
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Hansjuerg
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alder
authors.forename: Chang-gong
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oue
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Sachiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seto
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaminishi
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Calin
authors.forename: Carlo M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Croce
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs