title: Effect of various rinsing protocols after use of amine fluoride/stannous fluoride toothpaste on the bacterial composition of dental plaque.
abstract: This clinical study evaluated the effect of different oral hygiene protocols on the bacterial composition of dental plaque. After a 2-week period of using fluoride-free toothpaste, 30 participants followed three 1-week experimental protocols, each followed by 2-week fluoride-free washout periods in a randomized crossover examiner-blind controlled trial. The 1-week experimental protocols comprised the use of AmF/SnF(2) toothpaste twice daily, after which participants either (1) rinsed with tap water, (2) did not rinse but only spat out the toothpaste, or (3) rinsed with an AmF/SnF(2) mouthwash. In the fluoride-free washout periods, the participants brushed their teeth with fluoride-free toothpaste without further instructions. Six hours after the last brushing (+/- rinsing) of each period, buccal plaque samples in the upper molar region were taken. The microbiota composition of the plaque samples was analyzed by checkerboard DNA:DNA hybridization. A statistically significant reduction was found in the total amount of DNA of the 39 major plaque species measured, and in the proportions of some acid-producing bacterial strains after the period having used the AmF/SnF(2) toothpaste + AmF/SnF(2) mouthrinsing. The results indicate that using the AmF/SnF(2) toothpaste and rinse combination could result in plaque of lower cariogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology Endodontology Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. c.van.loveren@acta.nl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Loveren
authors.forename: V A M
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Gerardu
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Sissons
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Bekkum
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: ten Cate
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D000588:Amines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology*; D003959:Diamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D042807:Neisseria mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003959:Diamines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014002:Tin Fluorides; D014100:Toothpastes; D014867:Water; C059813:Meridol; C495399:Olaflur; D005459:Fluorides