title: Chromogranin B P413L variant as risk factor and modifier of disease onset for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: Recently, chromogranins were reported to interact specifically with mutant forms of superoxide dismutase that are linked to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). This interaction led us to analyze the frequencies of sequence variants of the CHGB gene in ALS patients and matched controls from three different countries. Of particular interest was the finding of the P413L CHGB variant present in 10% of ALS patients (n = 705) as compared to 4.5% in controls (n = 751), conferring a 2.2-fold greater relative risk to develop the disease (P < 0.0001). This effect was mainly contributed by the samples of French origin that yielded a frequency of the P413L variation at 17% in ALS (n = 289) and 5% in controls (n = 448), conferring a 3.3-fold greater risk to develop ALS. Furthermore, the P413L CHGB variant is associated with an earlier age of onset by almost a decade in both sporadic ALS and familial ALS cases. Genetic variation influencing age of onset in ALS had not previously been reported. Expression of fusion CHGB-EGFP constructs in SHSY-5Y cells revealed that the P413L variation can cause defective sorting of CHGB into secretory granules. The finding that CHGB may act as a susceptibility gene and modifier of onset in ALS is consistent with the emerging view that dysfunction of the secretory pathway may contribute to increased vulnerability of motor neurons.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Département de psychiatrie et neurosciences, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, QC, Canada G1V 4G2.
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gros-Louis
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dupre
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urushitani
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dion
authors.forename: Frederique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Souchon
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Amour
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Camu
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meininger
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: Guy A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rouleau
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Julien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics*; D053378:Chromogranin B / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011792:Quebec; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D053378:Chromogranin B