title: Ileal interposition with sleeve gastrectomy for control of type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bariatric surgery offers the best solution in management of obesity and related metabolic ailments, paving the way for a concept termed metabolic surgery. We report the results of a novel surgical procedure on glycemic control and metabolic syndrome in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients (four men, six women) underwent laparoscopic surgical procedure of sleeve gastrectomy and ileal interposition. All patients had diabetes for more than 3 years with poor control despite use of oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) and/or insulin. The primary outcome was remission of diabetes (hemoglobin A1c <7% without OHAs/insulin), and secondary outcomes were change in OHA requirement, components of metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and microalbuminuria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report the preliminary postoperative follow-up data of 9.1 +/- 5.3 months (range, 2-16 months). Participants had a mean age of 48.2 +/- 9 years (range, 34-62 years), duration of diabetes of 11 +/- 5.7 years (range, 4-25 years), and preoperative body mass index of 33.8 +/- 6.5 kg/m(2). Seven patients had diabetes remission, and the remaining three showed significantly decreased OHA requirement. All participants had weight loss ranging between 15% and 30% and had remission of hypertension. Microalbuminuria (96.8 +/- 19.1 vs. 46.7 +/- 10.1 mg/L, P = 0.03568) and insulin resistance as assessed by homeostasis assessment model of insulin resistance (5.2 +/- 2.1 vs. 1.8 +/- 0.9, P = 0.0005) decreased significantly after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our preliminary observations demonstrated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of this novel surgical procedure in type 2 diabetes. Further long-term data from more patients are necessary to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Medwin Hospitals, Nampally, Andhra Pradesh, India. hariendo@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: K V S Hari
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Surendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ugale
authors.forename: Neeraj
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Vishwas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Naik
authors.forename: Pawan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhaskar
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Modi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin