Smoking initiation and schizophrenia: a replication study in a Chinese Han population.
Schizophrenia is associated with a greater probability of ever smoking daily and with higher rates of initiation of daily smoking after age 20 in Caucasian populations. The aims of the current study were to replicate that schizophrenia is associated with smoking and higher risk of initiating daily smoking before schizophrenia starts among a large sample of male Chinese patients. A survival analysis of onset age for daily smoking compared 776 DSM-IV male inpatients with schizophrenia to 560 male controls. The results showed that the cumulative hazard curves for age of smoking initiation in schizophrenia and controls were significantly different (p<0.001), even after controlling for education (p<0.001). After excluding the patients who started smoking within 5 years before schizophrenia started, the cumulative hazard curve for schizophrenia was significantly different from ever-smoked controls (p<0.001), even after adjusting for education (p<0.001). These findings suggest that schizophrenic patients have a higher risk of starting daily smoking suggesting that vulnerability to schizophrenia may be associated with a higher risk of becoming a daily smoker.
Zhang
Xiang Yang
XY
Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. xyzhang@bcm.edu
Li
Cun Bao
CB
Li
Min
M
Zheng
You Lan
YL
Zhang
Chong Xi
CX
Yan
Quan Zhi
QZ
Liu
Wen Zhong
WZ
Kang
Yi Min
YM
Wang
Fan
F
Chen
Da Chun
DC
Xiu
Mei Hong
MH
Kosten
Thomas R
TR
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044466:Asian People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D006306:Health Surveys; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006787:Hospitals, Veterans; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology*; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology*; D016019:Survival Analysis
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents