title: Pharmacokinetics, plasma protein binding and bioavailability of moxifloxacin in Muscovy ducks after different routes of administration.
abstract: In this study the disposition kinetics and plasma availability of moxifloxacin in Muscovy ducks after single intravenous (i.v.), intramuscular (i.m.) and oral (p.o.) administrations of 5 mg kg(-1) b.wt. were investigated. The concentrations of moxifloxacin in the plasma were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection on samples collected at frequent intervals after drug administration. Following intravenous injection, the decline in plasma drug concentration was bi-exponential with half-lives of (t(1/2)(alpha)) 0.22+/-0.10h and (t(1/2)(beta)) 2.49+/-0.26h for distribution and elimination phases, respectively. The volume of distribution at steady-state (V(dss)) was 1.02+/-0.14 l kg(-1) and the total body clearance (Cl(tot)) was 0.32+/-0.11 l kg(-1)h(-1), respectively. After intramuscular and oral administration of moxifloxacin at the same dose the peak plasma concentrations (C(max)) were 2.38+/-0.43 and 2.11+/-0.36 microg ml(-1) and were obtained at 1.47+/-0.26 and 1.83+/-0.16h (T(max)), respectively, the elimination half-lives (T(1/2el)) were 3.14+/-0.42 and 2.63+/-0.44h, respectively, and AUC(0-24) were 15.87+/-2.35 and 14.52+/-2.37 microg ml(-1)h(-1), respectively. The systemic bioavailabilities were 96.36+/-11.54% and 86.79+/-12.64%, respectively. In vitro plasma protein binding percent was 32%. We concluded that moxifloxacin might be clinically interesting alternative for the treatment of most sensitive bacterial infections in Muscovy ducks.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, P.O. Box 12211, Giza, Egypt. aymangouda@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goudah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasabelnaby
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D001682:Biological Availability; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004372:Ducks / Q000097:blood*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006207:Half-Life; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011485:Protein Binding; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D001798:Blood Proteins; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin