title: Retinal phototoxicity in a novel murine model of intraocular lens implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a novel murine intraocular lens (IOL) implantation model to study the protective effects of colored-IOLs against retinal phototoxicity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-millimeter diameter IOL buttons were created from IOLs for clinical use. Extra-capsular crystalline lens extraction and IOL implantation were performed in BALB/c mice using a technique similar to human cataract surgery. For light exposure experiments, mice were exposed to 5,000 LUX of white light for 24 h on the day after surgery. To investigate the protective effects of yellow IOL against light exposure, ERG measurements were conducted in vivo, followed by TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness measurement of retinal tissue in yellow or clear IOL-implanted mice and control mice without surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IOLs were successfully implanted in all animals, and IOL buttons without haptics were well stabilized in the capsular bag. Murine eyes developed posterior capsule opacification (PCO) after IOL implantation by postoperative day 5 at the latest. In contrast to the clear IOL-implanted animals stimulated by light exposure, the yellow IOL-implanted animals had significantly reduced numbers of TUNEL-positive cells and retained thickness of the ONL. The ERG showed that yellow IOL implantation prevents a decrease of amplitude in both the a-wave and b-wave compared with clear IOL implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We established a new animal model of IOL implantation and demonstrated the protective effects of colored-IOL against retinal phototoxicity after cataract surgery.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Retinal Cell Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omoto
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebinuma
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Haruna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimmura
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology* / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000601:surgery; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology