title: Influence of surfactants on the effectiveness of bleaching gels.
abstract: This study evaluated the influence of surfactants on the effectiveness of 35% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) bleaching gels. One hundred and forty bovine teeth were used, which were stained by immersion in a coffee, red wine, and tobacco mixture for 7 days. At the end of this process, the color measurement at baseline was taken with the Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer. The teeth were divided into seven groups: (a) negative control (NC), (b) positive control for HP (PC-35), (c) HP + Tween 20 (T20-35), (d) HP + laurel sodium sulfate (LSS-35), (e) positive control for CP (PC-10), (f) CP + Tween 20 (T20-10), and (g) CP + laurel sodium sulfate (LSS-10). Group NC was kept in artificial saliva for 21 days. Groups PC-35, T20-35, and LSS 35 received three applications of bleaching gel for 10 min; the process was repeated after 7 days. Groups PC-10, T20-10, and LSS-10 received the gel for 8 h per day for 14 days. After the bleaching process, the final color was measured. The analysis of variance and Tukey tests showed statistically significant differences for the parameters of ∆L, ∆b, and ∆E of the HP gels with surfactant and positive control group (PC-35). Within the limits of this in vitro study, the addition of surfactants to HP bleaching gel increased the bleaching effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, São Paulo State University São José dos Campos School of Dentistry-UNESP-Brazil, R. das Arraias, 80-sl.26, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil CEP-12246-330. tacileo@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Taciana Marco Ferraz
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Caneppele
authors.forename: Carlos Rocha Gomes
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D002417:Cattle; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005782:Gels / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D010545:Peroxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D010545:Peroxides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide