title: Pregnancy in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: the effect of different phenotypes and features on obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that the risk of adverse obstetric or neonatal outcomes varies according to different phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), and to evaluate the clinical impact of the main features of PCOS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and of Endocrinology, Italy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven pregnant women with PCOS and 73 healthy pregnant subjects were recruited as cases and controls, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, biochemical, and ultrasonographic evaluations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relative risk (RR) for adverse obstetric or neonatal outcomes was increased (1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-2.96) in patients with PCOS and varied according to the PCOS phenotype (1.93, 95% CI 1.12-2.96; 2.23, 95% CI 1.21-3.15; 0.54, 95% CI 0.09-1.63, and 0.48, 95% CI 0.31-0.78 for full-blown, nonpolycystic ovaries [PCO], nonhyperandrogenic, and ovulatory phenotypes, respectively). The RRs were 1.57 (95% CI 0.85-2.52) and 0.48 (95% CI 0.31-0.78) for oligoanovulatory and ovulatory patients with PCOS, respectively. The risk for adverse obstetric or neonatal outcomes was affected significantly by ovarian dysfunction and biochemical hyperandrogenism, whereas no significant effect was detected for clinical hyperandrogenism and PCO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increased risk for adverse obstetric and neonatal outcomes that was observed in patients with PCOS varies widely according to the different phenotypes and features of PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. stefanopalomba@tin.it
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palomba
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falbo
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Achille
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tolino
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orio
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zullo
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D000858:Anovulation / Q000150:complications*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000150:complications*; D010641:Phenotype; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate / Q000639:trends*; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors