title: Applicability of the triad concept for the positional specificity of mammalian lipoxygenases.
abstract: The nomenclature of lipoxygenases (LOXs) is partly based on the positional specificity of arachidonic acid oxygenation, but there is no unifying concept explaining the mechanistic basis of this enzyme property. According to the triad model, Phe-353, Ile-418, and Ile-593 of the rabbit 12/15-LOX form the bottom of the substrate-binding pocket, and introduction of less space-filling residues at either of these positions favors arachidonic acid 12-lipoxygenation. The present study was aimed at exploring the validity of the triad concept for two novel primate 12/15-LOX (Macaca mulatta and Pongo pygmaeus) and for five known members of the mammalian LOX family (human 12/15-LOX, mouse 12/15-LOX, human 15-LOX2, human platelet type 12-LOX, and mouse (12R)-LOX). The enzymes were expressed as N-terminal His tag fusion proteins in E. coli, the potential sequence determinants were mutated, and the specificity of arachidonic acid oxygenation was quantified. Taken together, our data indicate that the triad concept explains the positional specificity of all 12/15-LOXs tested (rabbit, human, M. mulatta, P. pygmaeus, and mouse). For the new enzymes of M. mulatta and P. pygmaeus, the concept had predictive value because the positional specificity predicted on the basis of the amino acid sequence was confirmed experimentally. The specificity of the platelet 12-LOX was partly explained by the triad hypothesis, but the concept was not applicable for 15-LOX2 and (12R)-LOX.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University Medicine Berlin-Charité, Monbijoustrasse 2, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roffeis
authors.forename: Pallu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reddanna
authors.forename: Pontus
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Forsell
authors.forename: Hans-Eric
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Claesson
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walther
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001091:Arachidonate Lipoxygenases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011148:Pongo pygmaeus; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001091:Arachidonate Lipoxygenases