title: HA14-1 sensitizes TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis via inhibition of the NF-kappaB signaling pathway: involvement of reactive oxygen species and JNK.
abstract: Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) attenuates the TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis pathway. Thus, blockage of NF-kappaB activity may improve the anti-cancer activity of TNF-alpha. HA14-1 induces apoptosis in various human cancer cells, and the molecular mechanisms of this action remain to be fully characterized. The present study evaluated the involvement of NF-kappaB, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in the effects of HA14-1 by examining the sensitization effect on TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells. Such sensitization is closely associated with the inhibitory effect of HA14-1 on TNF-alpha-mediated NF-kappaB activation. HA14-1 suppressed NF-kappaB activation through inhibition of phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaBalpha. This inhibition was correlated with suppression of NF-kappaB-dependent gene products (c-myc, cyclin D1, cox-2, and IAP-1). Additionally, the present findings provide evidence of a critical role of ROS accumulation induced by HA14-1 in TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Moreover, HA14-1 also markedly sustained TNF-alpha-mediated JNK activation. A specific JNK inhibitor abolished the sensitization effect of HA14-1 on TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis. Taken together, these results indicate that ROS and JNK represent important signals in HA14-1 sensitization in TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Oh
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Mun-Ock
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Hyuck
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Yung Hyun
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sung Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Gi-Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009570:Nitriles; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C456800:ethyl 2-amino-6-bromo-4-(1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4