title: Systemic therapy for neuroendocrine tumours of gastroenteropancreatic origin.
abstract: Systemic therapy is one of a number of treatment options routinely used in the management of advanced, unresectable neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). In contrast to many of the other NET treatment modalities, there is at least some evidence base to justify its use. Even so, well-designed clinical trials are limited, since conducting clinical research in this complex group of rare cancers is challenging. The remit of this review article is to summarise the oncology literature and explain the role of systemic therapy in treating NETs of gastroenteropancreatic origin, identifying benefits and limitations. The molecular biology of NETs is now being unravelled, which affords new opportunities for development of mechanism-driven therapies. The rationale for some of the newer systemic targeted therapies that are showing promise in the clinic is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK.
authors.forename: Bristi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Basu
authors.forename: Bhawna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sirohi
authors.forename: Pippa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corrie
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004067:Digestive System Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013004:Somatostatin