title: Conserved long noncoding RNAs transcriptionally regulated by Oct4 and Nanog modulate pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells.
abstract: The genetic networks controlling stem cell identity are the focus of intense interest, due to their obvious therapeutic potential as well as exceptional relevance to models of early development. Genome-wide mapping of transcriptional networks in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) reveals that many endogenous noncoding RNA molecules, including long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), may play a role in controlling the pluripotent state. We performed a genome-wide screen that combined full-length mESC transcriptome genomic mapping data with chromatin immunoprecipitation genomic location maps of the key mESC transcription factors Oct4 and Nanog. We henceforth identified four mESC-expressed, conserved lncRNA-encoding genes residing proximally to active genomic binding sites of Oct4 and Nanog. Accordingly, these four genes have potential roles in pluripotency. We show that two of these lncRNAs, AK028326 (Oct4-activated) and AK141205 (Nanog-repressed), are direct targets of Oct4 and Nanog. Most importantly, we demonstrate that these lncRNAs are not merely controlled by mESC transcription factors, but that they themselves regulate developmental state: knockdown and overexpression of these transcripts lead to robust changes in Oct4 and Nanog mRNA levels, in addition to alterations in cellular lineage-specific gene expression and in the pluripotency of mESCs. We further characterize AK028326 as a co-activator of Oct4 in a regulatory feedback loop. These results for the first time implicate lncRNAs in the modulation of mESC pluripotency and expand the established mESC regulatory network model to include functional lncRNAs directly controlled by key mESC transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell and Developmental Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore, 138672 Singapore.
authors.forename: Jameelah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheik Mohamed
authors.forename: Philip Michael
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Gaughwin
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lipovich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C517383:Miat long non-coding RNA; D000071317:Nanog Homeobox Protein; C475540:Nanog protein, mouse; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C494174:Pou5f1 protein, mouse; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D022661:RNA, Untranslated