microRNAs in acute myeloid leukemia: expression patterns, correlations with genetic and clinical parameters, and prognostic significance.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant disease of hematopoietic cells whose emergence, course, and prognosis is affected by specific recurrent genetic alterations like chromosome aberrations and point mutations, as well as by changes in the expression of certain genes. In the past 2 years, microRNAs (miRNAs)--a novel class of small RNA molecules involved in posttranscriptional gene regulation--have also been shown to be aberrantly expressed in AML. Furthermore, specific miRNA expression patterns were found to be associated with certain genetic and cytogenetic alterations in this disease, and two studies identified miRNAs whose expression levels were predictive of survival. Interestingly, the results of these analyses showed only very limited congruence. This review summarizes published reports on the expression patterns of miRNAs in AML, and discusses possible reasons for the differences in their results.
Wieser
Rotraud
R
Clinic of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. rotraud.wieser@meduniwien.ac.at
Scheideler
Marcel
M
Hackl
Hubert
H
Engelmann
Maria
M
Schneckenleithner
Christine
C
Hiden
Karin
K
Papak
Christine
C
Trajanoski
Zlatko
Z
Sill
Heinz
H
Fonatsch
Christa
C
D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D035683:MicroRNAs; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm