title: HLA-DRB1*1501 and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging lesions in multiple sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous neurologic disease with extensive variation with respect to the most affected central nervous system region (brain vs spinal cord).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that this variation in lesion location (brain vs spinal cord) might be (partially) genetically determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Candidate gene study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were selected for the availability of DNA material, clinical variables, and brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance images (evaluating T2-weighted lesion load in the brain and the number of spinal cord lesions).
  
  
  METHODS
  For genotyping, we used a DNA chip containing a set of genes mentioned in previous publications noting their relation to different phenotypes of MS. We assessed the association between brain and spinal cord abnormalities and the genotypes of the patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred fifty patients were included in the analysis. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the major histocompatibility complex region were associated with the number of focal abnormalities in the spinal cord. The most significant was rs3135388 (surrogate marker for the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele). Carriers of HLA-DRB1*1501 had a median of 4 spinal cord lesions compared with 2 lesions for noncarriers (P < .001). No significant association was noted between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms and T2-weighted lesion load in the brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carriership of HLA-DRB1*1501 (via rs3135388) was associated with the extent of focal abnormalities in the spinal cord. Spinal cord lesions might be an explanation for increased MS disease severity in patients carrying HLA-DRB1*1501.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. m.sombekke@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Madeleine H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sombekke
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lukas
authors.forename: J Bart A
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Crusius
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tejedor
authors.forename: Joep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Killestein
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arteta
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Bernard M J
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Uitdehaag
authors.forename: Dirk L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Knol
authors.forename: A Salvador
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Jeroen J G
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Geurts
authors.forename: Philip L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: De Jager
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barkhof
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vrenken
authors.forename: Chris H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Polman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C489631:HLA-DRB1*15:01 antigen