title: Acetylation of Dna2 endonuclease/helicase and flap endonuclease 1 by p300 promotes DNA stability by creating long flap intermediates.
abstract: Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) and Dna2 endonuclease/helicase (Dna2) sequentially coordinate their nuclease activities for efficient resolution of flap structures that are created during the maturation of Okazaki fragments and repair of DNA damage. Acetylation of FEN1 by p300 inhibits its endonuclease activity, impairing flap cleavage, a seemingly undesirable effect. We now show that p300 also acetylates Dna2, stimulating its 5'-3' endonuclease, the 5'-3' helicase, and DNA-dependent ATPase activities. Furthermore, acetylated Dna2 binds its DNA substrates with higher affinity. Differential regulation of the activities of the two endonucleases by p300 indicates a mechanism in which the acetylase promotes formation of longer flaps in the cell at the same time as ensuring correct processing. Intentional formation of longer flaps mediated by p300 in an active chromatin environment would increase the resynthesis patch size, providing increased opportunity for incorrect nucleotide removal during DNA replication and damaged nucleotide removal during DNA repair. For example, altering the ratio between short and long flap Okazaki fragment processing would be a mechanism for better correction of the error-prone synthesis catalyzed by DNA polymerase alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
authors.forename: Lata
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Polaczek
authors.forename: Judith L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bambara
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D045585:Flap Endonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D011485:Protein Binding; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D004265:DNA Helicases; D045585:Flap Endonucleases; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor; C509908:DNA2 protein, human