Hemosiderin: a new marker for sentinel lymph node identification.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate and present our initial results of a new marker (hemosiderin) for mammary sentinel lymph node identification in an experimental model.


METHODS
Skins mapped like a lymphatic duct draining to the axilla in patients submitted to breast biopsy, in our mastology service, stimulated us to try it in an animal model (female dogs). Our theory was that some blood derivate (hemosiderin) was captured by macrophages and accessed the lymphatic ducts in direction to the axilla. Six female dogs of no defined race were studied. We injected 0,2 ml of technetium on both superior mammary glands. After ten minutes, a 2,5 ml solution of hemolized blood (hemosiderin) from the own animal was injected in the subareolar lymphatic plexus on the left superior mammary gland and 2,5 ml of patent blue concomitantly and equally on the contralateral gland. Ten minutes after, incisions on both axillae were made to search, through the lymphatic mapping and a gamma probe, the sentinel lymph nodes.


RESULTS
Seven brown sentinel lymph nodes were identified and also radiomarked on the left axilla. Six blue sentinel lymph nodes were identified and also radiomarked on the right axilla.


CONCLUSIONS
Preliminary studies of a potential new dye for sentinel lymph node identification are presented. It may be the change of the current use of the blue dyes and their severe side-effects on patients submitted to sentinel lymph node biopsies.
Pinheiro
Luiz Gonzaga Porto
LG
Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, UFC, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil. luizgporto@uol.com.br
Oliveira Filho
Renato Santos de
RS
Vasques
Paulo Henrique Diógenes
PH
Filgueira
Pedro Henrique de Oliveira
PH
Aragão
Douglas Henning Pinheiro
DH
Barbosa
Pedro Macedo Esmeraldo
PM
Beserra
Hugo Enrique Orsini
HE
Cavalcante
Raissa Vasconcelos
RV
D000818:Animals; D001365:Axilla; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006485:Hemosiderin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013667:Technetium
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004396:Coloring Agents; D013667:Technetium; D006485:Hemosiderin