title: Glutathione s-transferase m1 and t1 polymorphisms and susceptibility to oxidative damage in healthy korean smokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relationship between glutathione S-transferase (GST) polymorphisms and susceptibility to smoking-induced oxidative damage was investigated in healthy Korean smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine healthy male smokers (20-59 years) participated in the study. GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes were determined, and lymphocyte DNA damage was assessed by the Comet assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 49 smokers, 20 individuals were GSTT1 positive and 29 were GSTT1 null. For GSTM1, 45 smokers were GSTM1 positive and 4 were GSTM1 null. HDL cholesterol levels (p = 0.011) and the atherogenic index of plasma (p = 0.01) were significantly reduced, and concentrations of conjugated dienes were increased (p = 0.01) in the GSTT1-null individuals but not in the GSTT1-positive individuals. The GSTT1-null individuals were more susceptible to DNA damage than the GSTT1-positive individuals. For all parameters, the GSTM1 genotypes were excluded from statistical analyses due to the small number of subjects with the GSTM1-null type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that subjects with the GSTT1-null genotype were more susceptible to oxidative damage than the GSTT1-positive subjects. Therefore, the GSTT1-null genotype may confer an increased risk of smoking-related cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eunju
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yoo Kyoung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000235:genetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol