title: Local application of olprinone for promotion of peripheral nerve regeneration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Olprinone was applied locally to the sciatic nerves of rats, and nerve regeneration activity was examined in relation to heat shock protein (HSP)27 expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult rat sciatic nerves were locally exposed to olprinone, physiological saline, or a mixture of saline and HCl and underwent crush injury. HSP27 protein levels were assessed by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Nerve regeneration was assessed by sciatic function index (SFI) and by morphological evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Olprinone was detected in ipsilateral L4-L6 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and sciatic nerve proximal to the site of crush injury. Western blot analysis of the DRG 24 h postsurgery and the sciatic nerve 7 days postsurgery showed a marked increase in HSP27 protein levels in the olprinone-treated group. Immunohistochemical analysis was consistent with the Western blot analysis. SFI was significantly better for the olprinone-treated group than for either the saline- or HCl-treated groups at 7, 22, and 25 days, respectively, after application. The packing density and the number of myelinated axons 21 days after the crush injury in the olprinone-treated group were significantly greater in comparison to the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The local application of olprinone to the sciatic nerve increases HSP27 protein levels in DRG in the early stage and in the sciatic nerve 1 week thereafter. The results from this crush model indicate that increasing levels of HSP27 appear to result in therapeutic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsubouchi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Naotoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Katsuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001370:Axonal Transport; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009409:Nerve Crush; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011728:Pyridones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011728:Pyridones; C059498:olprinone