title: Distribution of fibronectin-binding protein genes (prtF1 and prtF2) and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin genes (spe) among Streptococcus pyogenes in Japan.
abstract: Two hundred and seventy-two strains of Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from patients with invasive and noninvasive infections in Japan were evaluated for the prevalence of fibronectin-binding protein genes (prtF1 and prtF2). The possible associations of the genes with streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin genes, macrolide resistance genes, and emm types were also evaluated. Overall, about 50% of S. pyogenes isolates carried fibronectin-binding protein genes. The prevalence of the prtF1 gene was significantly higher among isolates from noninvasive infections (71.4%) than among isolates from invasive infections (30.8%; P = 0.0037). Strains possessing both the prtF1 and prtF2 genes were more likely to be isolates from noninvasive infections than isolates from invasive infections (50.6% vs 15.4%; P = 0.019). S. pyogenes isolates with streptococcus pyrogenic exotoxin genes (speA and speZ) were more common among isolates without fibronectin-binding protein genes. The speC gene was more frequently identified among isolates with fibronectin-binding protein genes (P = 0.05). Strains belonging to emm75 or emm12 types more frequently harbored macrolide resistance genes than other emm types (P = 0.0094 and P = 0.043, respectively). Strains carrying more than one repeat at the RD2 region of the prtF1 gene and the FBRD region of the prtF2 gene were more prevalent among strains with macrolide resistance genes than among strains negative for macrolide resistance genes. These genes (i.e., the prtF1, prtF2, and spe genes) may enable host-bacteria interaction, and internalization in the host cell, but may not enable infection complications such as invasive diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8509, Japan.
authors.forename: Muneki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hotomi
authors.forename: Dewan S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Billal
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Togawa
authors.forename: Yorihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Masahi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogami
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ubukata
authors.forename: Rinya
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005098:Exotoxins; D018942:Macrolides; C027951:erythrogenic toxin; C078635:fibronectin-binding proteins, bacterial