title: Education to promote verbal communication by caregivers in geriatric care facilities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our previous study divided the verbal communication between caregivers and elderly residents at geriatric care facilities into Type I communication (to elicit activities of daily living) and Type II communication (conversation that occurs in normal social life) and found that Type II communication promotes utterances by elderly residents. This study conducted an education intervention to promote Type II talking by caregivers and evaluated the results.
  
  
  METHODS
  At three geriatric care facilities, 243 caregivers who might care for 36 elderly residents experienced training involving lectures and group discussion to understand the importance of Type II talking and how to apply it to their daily work. A statistical comparison was applied to the changes in Type II talking duration from before the intervention, 1 week after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention to evaluate the effect of the educational intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At two facilities, the Type II talking duration increased significantly from before the educational intervention to 1 week after the intervention and remained higher after 3 months. However, the educational intervention's effect was not clear at one facility. There was no significant difference in the elderly persons' total utterance duration, but it increased from before the intervention to 1 week after the intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After the educational intervention, the amount of Type II talking by the caregivers increased significantly 1 week after the intervention for two facilities, but although the amount of Type II talking was higher at 3 months than before the intervention, it was not as high as 1 week after the intervention.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Tokai University, Kanagawa, Japan. yfukaya@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukaya
authors.forename: Sachiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003142:Communication; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D005851:Geriatric Nursing / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009728:Nursing Assistants / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009735:Nursing Homes; D009740:Nursing Staff / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric