title: The role of minor and adult children in the adjustment of women living with HIV.
abstract: The present study examined how having children can relate to the psychological functioning of HIV-positive women, and the place and function children have in their mother's social support and social burden networks. As part of initial face-to-face interviews with 46 HIV-positive women enrolled in a longitudinal study, participants indicated their maternal status, the nature of their social support and burden (with a modified Multidimensional Social Support Inventory) and their levels of depressive symptoms (Brief Symptom Inventory). Using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and non-parametric analyses when statistical assumptions were not met, findings indicate that women with minor children reported fewer depressive symptoms and more confidence in regulating social support than women without children. Maternal status was not significantly related to other measures of social support. Women with minor children reported greater comfort and confidence in regulating social burden and reported experiencing less social burden than women with adult children only. Women with adult children only reported intermediate levels of depression, but high levels of received burden and low levels of comfort and confidence in regulating (lessening) this burden. Analyses of women's social networks (Fisher's Exact Test) indicated that minor children were less likely to be named regarding support than adult or other family members and were infrequently turned to for practical, emotional, or HIV-related support. Adult children were more often listed as providing various types of support than minor children, yet these relationships were also often associated with relatively higher levels of social burden.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Hawaii, Gartley Hall 110, 2430 Campus Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. cmueller@hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Lise D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: Yen-Chi L
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tolman
authors.forename: Lissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geiken
authors.forename: Lana Sue
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ka'opua
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D032721:Adult Children / Q000523:psychology*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D033242:Minors / Q000523:psychology*; D010465:Perception; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012944:Social Support; D055815:Young Adult