title: Induction of apoptosis by thymoquinone in lymphoblastic leukemia Jurkat cells is mediated by a p73-dependent pathway which targets the epigenetic integrator UHRF1.
abstract: The salvage anti-tumoral pathway which implicates the p53-related p73 gene is not yet fully characterized. We therefore attempted to identify the up- and down-stream events involved in the activation of the p73-dependent pro-apoptotic pathway, by focusing on the anti-apoptotic and epigenetic integrator UHRF1 which is essential for cell cycle progression. For this purpose, we analyzed the effects of a known anti-neoplastic drug, thymoquinone (TQ), on the p53-deficient acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) Jurkat cell line. Our results showed that TQ inhibits the proliferation of Jurkat cells and induces G1 cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, TQ treatment triggers programmed cell death, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration of the mitochondrial membrane potential (DeltaPsim). TQ-induced apoptosis, confirmed by the presence of hypodiploid G0/G1 cells, is associated with a rapid and sharp re-expression of p73 and dose-dependent changes of the levels of caspase-3 cleaved subunits. These modifications are accompanied by a dramatic down-regulation of UHRF1 and two of its main partners, namely DNMT1 and HDAC1, which are all involved in the epigenetic code regulation. Knockdown of p73 expression restores UHRF1 expression, reactivates cell cycle progression and inhibits TQ-induced apoptosis. Altogether our results showed that TQ mediates its growth inhibitory effects on ALL p53-mutated cells via the activation of a p73-dependent mitochondrial and cell cycle checkpoint signaling pathway which subsequently targets UHRF1.
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR7213 Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 Route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alhosin
authors.forename: Abdurazzag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abusnina
authors.forename: Mayada
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Achour
authors.forename: Tanveer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peluso
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chataigneau
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lugnier
authors.forename: Valérie B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Schini-Kerth
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bronner
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fuhrmann
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016227:Benzoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016227:Benzoquinones; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C000606460:TP73 protein, human; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C406364:UHRF1 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C003466:thymoquinone