title: Laparoscopic surgery in 46,XX disorder of sex development: hysterosalpingectomy with gonadectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present the outcomes of one of the largest series specifically of laparoscopic hysterosalpingectomy with bilateral gonadectomy in 46,XX patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia raised as a male.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2005 to March 2008, five patients raised as male were treated at our institution using laparoscopic surgery. 46,XX disorder of sex development was diagnosed in all the patients because of congenital adrenal hyperplasia. Hysterosalpingectomy with bilateral gonadectomy was performed completely laparoscopically in all five patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All procedures were completed with minimal blood loss. The duration of the surgeries was 70-125 minutes. There were no complications during surgery or conversion to open surgery. The hospital stay ranged from 1 to 2 days, except in one patient who presented urinary retention and was discharged from the hospital a week after the surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic surgery can be safely used as part of the diagnosis and treatment of 46,XX disorder of sex development. Laparoscopy can be useful in the diagnosis as well as surgical management of Müllerian structures as well as intraabdominal gonads contrary to social sex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil. rafael.urologia@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: George Rafael Martins
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: de Lima
authors.forename: João Batista Gadelha
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: de Cerqueira
authors.forename: Rômulo Augusto
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: da Silveira
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: de Moura Reis
authors.forename: Marcos Flávio Holanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Rommel Prata
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Regadas
authors.forename: Alexandre Sabóia
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Leitão
authors.forename: Lúcio Flávio
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Gonzaga-Silva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D023961:Gonadal Dysgenesis, 46,XX / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006066:Gonads / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D014770:Virilism / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery