title: Histological substrate of human atrial fibrillation.
abstract: Histologic and ultrastructural examination of atrial tissue regarding the main entities responsible of human atrial fibrillation, is reported. The pathologic changes deriving from various disorders, like degenerative, inflammatory, ischemic diseases as well as from cardiac aging and hormonal imbalance are analysed. Structural changes associated with lone atrial fibrillation and investigated by atrial biopsy are also described, as being able to provide useful information on the disease's etiology, prognosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences Department, La Sapienza University, viale del Policlinico 155, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chimenti
authors.forename: Matteo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carpi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frustaci
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology; D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001706:Biopsy; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D017630:Connexins / Q000235:genetics; D004699:Endocardium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000473:pathology; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D051657:KCNQ1 Potassium Channel / Q000235:genetics; D051666:Kv1.5 Potassium Channel / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009218:Myosins / Q000276:immunology; D000097003:Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D017630:Connexins; D051657:KCNQ1 Potassium Channel; D051666:Kv1.5 Potassium Channel; D009218:Myosins; D000097003:Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein; C496981:KCNA5 protein, human; C496909:KCNQ1 protein, human