title: Protective effect of Korean red ginseng extract on cisplatin ototoxicity in HEI-OC1 auditory cells.
abstract: Ginseng extract is known to have many beneficial effects, including the reversal of pathological and physiological changes induced by ischemia, stress, and aging. Cisplatin, an effective antineoplastic drug, can cause irreversible sensorineural hearing loss and serious tinnitus in humans; thus cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is a useful experimental model for ototoxicity. This study investigated the protective effects of Korean red ginseng extract on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in auditory cells. Pretreatment with 2.5 mg/mL of ginseng extract prior to application of 20 microM of cisplatin significantly increased cell viability after 48 h of incubation in auditory cells. Pretreatment with ginseng extract significantly attenuated the cisplatin-induced increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). Ginseng extract also inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and poly-ADP-ribose polymerase related to cisplatin-induced apoptosis because a major mechanism of cisplatin-induced toxicity involves ROS production. Thus, Korean red ginseng extract can play both an anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative role on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity in an auditory cell line.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Korea University College of Medicine, 126-1 Anam-dong 5-Ga, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Gi Jung
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Ji Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Eun Ju
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Hak Hyun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D005894:Panax; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C499321:Parp1 protein, mouse; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D002945:Cisplatin; D002118:Calcium