title: Moderating effects of coping styles on anxiety and depressive symptoms caused by psychological stress in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess possible interactive effects of coping styles and psychological stress on depression and anxiety symptoms in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and four patients with Type 2 diabetes underwent a face-to-face interview by trained research staff according to a standardized questionnaire including information on socio-demographic characteristics, psychological stress, coping styles and anxiety and depressive symptoms. The interactive effects of coping styles and psychological stress on depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed by hierarchical multiple regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant associations of the four domains of psychological stress with anxiety and depressive symptoms, except for the relationship between 'reduced economic condition' and depressive symptoms. 'Negative coping style' significantly increased the level of both anxiety and depressive symptoms; whereas, 'active coping style' and 'avoidant coping style' decreased the risk of depressive symptoms. The interactions of 'negative coping style' with 'worrying about decline in body/physical function' and 'reduced economic condition' significantly increased the risk of anxiety and depressive symptoms, and the interaction of 'social/family crisis caused by the disease' with 'avoidance coping style' and 'worrying about decline in body/physical function' with 'active coping style' significantly decreased the risk of depressive symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that certain coping styles might moderate the association of psychological stress with anxiety and depressive symptoms in Chinese patients with Type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: C-X
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: L-A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: X-Q
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: F-Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Y-M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: W-Q
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D002681:China; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires