title: Assessment of sperm quality traits in relation to fertility in boar semen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have been published where sperm plasma membrane integrity correlated to fertility. In this study we describe a simple fluorometer-based assay where we monitored the fluorescence intensity of artificially membrane-ruptured spermatozoa with a fixed time staining with fluorescent DNA dyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Membrane-impermeant fluorescent dyes Hoechst 33258 (H258) and propidium iodide (PI) were used to measure the fluorescence of the nucleus in artificially membrane ruptured spermatozoa and membrane-permeant dye Hoechst 33342 (H342) was used to measure fluorescence of intact spermatozoa. The concentration of spermatozoa in insemination doses varied from 31.2x10(6)/ml to 50x10(6)/ml and the average value was 35x10(6)/ml. Each boar was represented by three consecutive ejaculates, collected at weekly intervals. Nonreturn rate within 60 days of first insemination (NR%) and litter size (total number of piglets born) of multiparous farrowings were used as fertility measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sperm fluorescence intensity of H258 and H342, but not the fluorescence intensity of PI-stained spermatozoa correlated significantly with the litter size of multiparous farrowings, values being r=-0.68 (P<0.01) for H258, r=-0.69 (P<0.01) for H342 and r=-0.38, (P=0.11) for PI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in fluorescence values of membrane-ruptured H258 and unruptured H342-stained spermatozoa in boar AI doses can be associated with smaller litter size after AI. This finding indicates that the fluorescence properties of the sperm nucleus could be used to select for AI doses with greater fertilizing potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Non-infectious diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian Veterinary Academy, Kaunas, Lithuania. nerija@lva.lt
authors.forename: Neringa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sutkeviciene
authors.forename: Vita
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Riskeviciene
authors.forename: Aloyzas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Januskauskas
authors.forename: Henrikas
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zilinskas
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008098:Litter Size / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D034421:Sus scrofa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes