title: Nearby inverted repeats fuse to generate acentric and dicentric palindromic chromosomes by a replication template exchange mechanism.
abstract: Gene amplification plays important roles in the progression of cancer and contributes to acquired drug resistance during treatment. Amplification can initiate via dicentric palindromic chromosome production and subsequent breakage-fusion-bridge cycles. Here we show that, in fission yeast, acentric and dicentric palindromic chromosomes form by homologous recombination protein-dependent fusion of nearby inverted repeats, and that these fusions occur frequently when replication forks arrest within the inverted repeats. Genetic and molecular analyses suggest that these acentric and dicentric palindromic chromosomes arise not by previously described mechanisms, but by a replication template exchange mechanism that does not involve a DNA double-strand break. We thus propose an alternative mechanism for the generation of palindromic chromosomes dependent on replication fork arrest at closely spaced inverted repeats.
authors.affiliation: Genome Damage and Stability Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton Sussex BN1 9RQ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ken'Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baldacci
authors.forename: Johanne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Antony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D055029:Inverted Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics*; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal