title: Nonylphenol Causes Decrease in Antioxidant Enzyme Activities, Increase in O(2)(-) Content, and Alteration in Ultrastructures of FG Cells, a Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) Gill Cell Line.
abstract: ABSTRACT The findings in this study were that the exposure of FG cells to nonylphenol (NP) caused decreases in the cell growth rate, antioxidant enzyme activities, and ATP content; an increase in intracellular O(2)(-) content; and alteration of the organelles such as mitochondria and the RER. It is proposed that the reduction in antioxidant enzyme activities leads to accumulation of O(2)(-) content, which in turn results in the damage of mitochondrial infrastructures and a decline in energy production, which then causes the ultrastructural alterations in the cells. In addition, we show that FG cells are a good candidate system for evaluation of NP acute toxicities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biology, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Shicui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huarong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Yuyan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu