title: Chorea-ballismus in acute non-ketotic hyperglycaemia.
abstract: Diabetic patients during hyperglycaemic crises may present a rare syndrome characterised by a typical triad: unilateral involuntary movements (hemichoreahemiballism), radiological contralateral striatal abnormality, and rapid resolution of symptoms after glycae - mic correction. This study reports a series of patients showing less usual aspects and also discusses the pathophysiology of this clinical-radiological syndrome. We included in this study four patients presenting choreic or ballic involuntary movements and in whom aetiological assessment revealed frank non-ketotic hyperglycaemia, without other abnormalities that could explain the movement disorder. All the patients underwent CT or MR brain imaging. The typical triad was present in only one case. Less classical aspects were more frequently found: movement disorders revealed diabetes in two patients and one patient had generalised chorea and strictly normal neuroimaging. Correction of blood glucose was not sufficient to improve symptoms in two cases. In one, abnormal movements persisted despite treatment with tetrabenazine. The clinical, radiological and outcome spectrum of the syndrome of chorea-ballismus induced by non-ketotic hyperglycaemia is heterogeneous and not restricted to a typical triad.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Al Kortobi Hospital, Tangie, Morocco. hichamotmani@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Otmani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moutaouakil
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fadel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: El Ouafi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdoh Rafai
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: El Moutaouakil
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Slassi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D002819:Chorea / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D007662:Ketosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose