title: Long-term use of dienogest for the treatment of endometriosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the safety and efficacy of 52 weeks of dienogest treatment in patients with endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-five patients with endometriosis received 2 mg of dienogest orally each day for 52 weeks. Adverse drug reactions and bone density were evaluated. Global improvement was assessed based on the changes in severity categories of five subjective symptoms during non-menstruation (lower abdominal pain, lumbago, dyschezia, dyspareunia, and pain on vaginal examination) and two objective findings (induration involving the pouch of Douglas and limited uterine mobility).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common adverse drug reactions included metrorrhagia (71.9%), headaches (18.5%), and constipation (10.4%). No clinically significant changes were noted in the incidence or severity of reactions associated with the course of the treatment period (52 weeks). Changes from the baseline bone mineral density of the lumbar spine measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were -1.6 +/- 2.4% and -1.7 +/- 2.2% (mean +/- standard deviation) at 24 and 52 weeks, respectively, which were statistically significant decreases; however, there was no cumulative decrease. The proportions of patients assessed as marked or moderate improvement in terms of global improvement were 72.5% (95/131 cases) at 24 weeks and 90.6% (106/117 cases) at 52 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term effect of dienogest on bone mineral density was slight, whereas the efficacy increased cumulatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. momoeda-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Momoeda
authors.forename: Tasuku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terakawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aso
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hagino
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taketani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006727:Hormone Antagonists; C023635:dienogest; D009277:Nandrolone