title: A sustainable pathway of cellulosic ethanol production integrating anaerobic digestion with biorefining.
abstract: Anaerobic digestion (AD) of animal manure is traditionally classified as a treatment to reduce the environmental impacts of odor, pathogens, and excess nutrients associated with animal manure. This report shows that AD also changes the composition of manure fiber and makes it suitable as a cellulosic feedstock for ethanol production. Anaerobically digested manure fiber (AD fiber) contains less hemicellulose (11%) and more cellulose (32%) than raw manure, and has better enzymatic digestibility than switchgrass. Using the optimal dilute alkaline pretreatment (2% sodium hydroxide, 130 degrees C, and 2 h), enzymatic hydrolysis of 10% (dry basis) pretreated AD fiber produces 51 g/L glucose at a conversion rate of 90%. The ethanol fermentation on the hydrolysate has a 72% ethanol yield. The results indicate that 120 million dry tons of cattle manure available annually in the U.S. can generate 63 million dry tons of AD fiber that can produce more than 1.67 billion gallons of ethanol. Integrating AD with biorefining will make significant contribution to the cellulosic ethanol production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Zhengbo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teater
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maclellan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism*; D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources / Q000382:microbiology*; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002417:Cattle; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D005843:Geography; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008372:Manure / Q000382:microbiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008372:Manure; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D014867:Water; C036909:lignocellulose; D000431:Ethanol; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; D008031:Lignin; D005947:Glucose; C033158:sulfuric acid