title: EC comparison on the determination of 226Ra, 228Ra, 234U and 238U in water among European monitoring laboratories.
abstract: In anticipation of new European requirements for monitoring radioactivity concentration in drinking water, IRMM organized an interlaboratory comparison on the determination of low levels of activity concentrations (about 10-100 mBq L(-1)) of the naturally occurring radionuclides (226)Ra, (228)Ra, (234)U and (238)U in three commercially available mineral waters. Using two or three different methods with traceability to the International System of Reference (SIR), the reference values of the water samples were determined prior to the proficiency test within combined standard uncertainties of the order of 3%-10%. An overview of radiochemical separation and measurement methods used by the 45 participating laboratories are given. The results of the participants are evaluated versus the reference values. Several of the participants' results deviate by more than a factor of two from the reference values, in particular for the radium isotopes. Such erroneous analysis results may lead to a crucial omission of remedial actions on drinking water supplies or to economic loss by an unjustified action.
authors.affiliation: European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM), Geel, Belgium. uwe.waetjen@ec.europa.eu
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wätjen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benedik
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Spasova
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vasile
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Altzitzoglou
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beyermann
mesh_terms: D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005060:Europe; D008900:Mineral Waters; D011883:Radium / Q000032:analysis*; D012016:Reference Values; D014501:Uranium / Q000032:analysis*; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008900:Mineral Waters; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive; D014501:Uranium; D011883:Radium