title: Older breast cancer survivors: geriatric assessment domains are associated with poor tolerance of treatment adverse effects and predict mortality over 7 years of follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate geriatric assessment (GA) domains in relation to clinically important outcomes in older breast cancer survivors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred sixty women diagnosed with primary breast cancer in four US geographic regions (Los Angeles, CA; Minnesota; North Carolina; and Rhode Island) were selected with disease stage I to IIIA, age >or= 65 years at date of diagnosis, and permission from attending physician to contact. Data were collected over 7 years of follow-up from consenting patients' medical records, telephone interviews, physician questionnaires, and the National Death Index. Outcomes included self-reported treatment tolerance and all-cause mortality. Four GA domains were described by six individual measures, as follows: sociodemographic by adequate finances; clinical by Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) and body mass index; function by number of physical function limitations; and psychosocial by the five-item Mental Health Index (MHI5) and Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS). Associations were evaluated using t tests, chi(2) tests, and regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multivariable regression including age and stage, three measures from two domains (clinical and psychosocial) were associated with poor treatment tolerance; these were CCI >or= 1 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.49; 95% CI, 1.18 to 5.25), MHI5 score less than 80 (OR = 2.36; 95% CI, 1.15 to 4.86), and MOS-SSS score less than 80 (OR = 3.32; 95% CI, 1.44 to 7.66). Four measures representing all four GA domains predicted mortality; these were inadequate finances (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.89; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.88; CCI >or= 1 (HR = 1.38; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.88), functional limitation (HR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.93), and MHI5 score less than 80 (HR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.85). In addition, the proportion of women with these outcomes incrementally increased as the number of GA deficits increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides longitudinal evidence that GA domains are associated with poor treatment tolerance and predict mortality at 7 years of follow-up, independent of age and stage of disease.
authors.affiliation: Section of Geriatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. kmclough@bu.edu
authors.forename: Kerri M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Clough-Gorr
authors.forename: Andreas E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Stuck
authors.forename: Soe Soe
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Thwin
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Silliman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental / Q000009:adverse effects; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome