title: New approaches on crystallization under electric fields.
abstract: This review presents the state of the art in protein crystallization, nucleation and growth under electric fields. Both external and internal applications of Direct Current (DC) and Alternative Current (AC) experiments are discussed. It is shown that competing effects account for the decreased nucleation time and number of crystals observed yielding larger and sometimes better quality crystals.
authors.affiliation: Centre Interdisciplinaire de Nanosciences de Marseille, CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, CINAM-UPR3118, Campus de Luminy, Case 913, 13288 Marseille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Zoubida
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hammadi
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veesler
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D006801:Humans