title: Silymarin secretion and its elicitation by methyl jasmonate in cell cultures of Silybum marianum is mediated by phospholipase D-phosphatidic acid.
abstract: The flavonolignan silymarin is released to the extracellular medium of Silybum marianum cultures and its production can be stimulated by the elicitor methyljasmonate (MeJA). The sequence of the signalling processes leading to this response is unknown at present. It is reported in this work that MeJA increased the activity of the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD). Treatment with mastoparan (Mst), a PLD activity stimulator, also enhanced PLD and caused a substantial increase in silymarin production. The application of the product of PLD activity, phosphatidic acid (PA) promoted silymarin accumulation. Altering PLD activity by introducing in cultures n-butanol (nBuOH), which inhibits PA production by PLD, prevented silymarin elicitation by MeJA or Mst and also impeded its release in non-elicited cultures. Treatment with iso-, sec- or tert- butanol had no effect on silymarin production. The exogenous addition of PA reversed the inhibitory action of nBuOH, both in control and MeJA-treated cultures. These results suggest that the enzyme PLD and its product PA mediate silymarin secretion to the medium of S. marianum cultures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Physiology, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, University of Salamanca, E-37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Madrid
authors.forename: Purificación
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corchete
mesh_terms: D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002457:Cell Extracts; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020944:Silybum marianum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000378:metabolism*; D012838:Silymarin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C086969:1-oleoyl-2-((N-(7-(nitro)-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)amino)hexanoyl)glycero-3-phosphate; D000085:Acetates; D002457:Cell Extracts; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D012838:Silymarin; C072239:methyl jasmonate; D010739:Phospholipase D; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan