title: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of seed oil from yellow horn (Xanthoceras sorbifolia Bunge.) and its anti-oxidant activity.
abstract: Supercritical fluid carbon dioxide (SF-CO(2)) extraction (SFE) of seed oil from yellow horn and its anti-oxidant activity were investigated. The effects of CO(2) flow rate and particle size were firstly optimized, and a central composite design (CCD) combined with response surface methodology was used to study the effects of extraction pressure, temperature and time on the extraction yields. A maximal extraction yield of 61.28% was achieved under optimal conditions of extraction pressure 30 MPa at 45.68 degrees C, 2.08 h and CO(2) flow rate 12 kg/h with 0.5mm particle size. By analyzing the chemical composition of the seed oil, we found that the content of unsaturated fatty acids was approximately 90%. Furthermore, the anti-oxidant activity of seed oil was assessed by a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay and a beta-carotene bleaching test. Yellow horn seed oil possessed notable concentration-dependent anti-oxidant activity with IC(50) values of 0.151 and 0.195 g/mL, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Gang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.forename: Yu-Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Efferth
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012212:Rheology / Q000187:drug effects; D029631:Sapindaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010851:Picrates; D010938:Plant Oils; D019207:beta Carotene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl