title: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein.
abstract: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) has been studied for over 25 years. Numerous pro- and anti-atherogenic properties have been attributed to Ox-LDL. Yet, Ox-LDL has neither been defined nor characterized, as its components and composition change depending on its source, method of preparation, storage, and use. It contains unoxidized and oxidized fatty acid derivatives both in the ester and free forms, their decomposition products, cholesterol and its oxidized products, proteins with oxidized amino acids and cross-links, and polypeptides with varying extents of covalent modification with lipid oxidation products, and many others. It seems to exist in vivo in some form not yet fully characterized. Until its pathophysiological significance, and how it is generated in vivo are determined, the nature of its true identity will be only of classical interest. In this review, its components, their biological actions and methods of preparation will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Sampath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parthasarathy
authors.forename: Achuthan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raghavamenon
authors.forename: Mahdi Omar
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Garelnabi
authors.forename: Nalini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Santanam
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008055:Lipids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D016877:Oxidants; D011506:Proteins; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein