title: A DDX5 S480A polymorphism is associated with increased transcription of fibrogenic genes in hepatic stellate cells.
abstract: We recently identified a missense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in DDX5 (rs1140409, p.S480A) that enhances the risk of developing cirrhosis. DDX5 is an ATP-dependent RNA helicase and transcriptional modulator. We hypothesized that the activity of DDX5 in regulating fibrogenic gene transcription in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) is altered by the S480A SNP. To test this, we employed two approaches: 1) transient overexpression of DDX5 cDNA or siRNA knockdown of endogenous DDX5, with replacement by either DDX5 wild type (WT) or SNP cDNA, or 2) stable expression of exogenous DDX5 WT and SNP in HSC lines. WT DDX5 mRNA in HSCs was inversely correlated with gene expression for alpha2(I) collagen, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and transforming growth factor-beta1. Stable DDX5 SNP-expressing cells had higher basal and transforming growth factor-beta1-stimulated expression and enhanced promoter activities of fibrogenic genes. DDX5 variant-expressing cells also had higher Smad3 and AP-1-responsive reporter activities. In a one-hybrid GAL4 system, co-expression of the DDX5 SNP variant with chimeras of GAL4 DNA binding domain linked to JunD or Sp1 displayed higher transactivation of a GAL4-responsive reporter than that of DDX5 WT. Increased fibrogenic gene expression in DDX5 SNP-expressing cells was associated with reduced recruitment of DDX5 homodimers to responsive promoters, but there was no difference in the recruitment of the co-repressor HDAC1 (histone deacetylase 1). These data suggest that DDX5 is a repressor of fibrogenic genes in HSCs through interaction with transcriptional complexes. The enhanced fibrogenic activity of the DDX5 risk variant is linked to a reduced repressive function toward these target genes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Jinsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Johnny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loke
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yea
authors.forename: Chooi Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Derek A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sninsky
authors.forename: Scott L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D024042:Collagen Type I; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C497790:SMAD3 protein, human; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D003094:Collagen; C110550:HDAC1 protein, human; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; C506749:Ddx5 protein, human; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases