title: Reduced renal length and volume 20 years after very preterm birth.
abstract: Intrauterine growth retardation is presumed to be associated with decreased renal size and impaired renal function as a result of stunted kidney development and nephron deficit. To study whether very preterm birth also affects renal size at young adulthood, we sonographically measured bipolar kidney length and volume in 51 very premature individuals (<32 weeks of gestation), either small (SGA) or appropriate (AGA) for gestational age (22 SGA and 29 AGA), and 30 full-term controls 20 years after birth. Relative kidney length and volume were calculated. Both absolute and relative left kidney length and volume were significantly lower in SGA and AGA individuals, notably in women. Renal size did not differ between SGA and AGA individuals. In 70% of controls, the left kidney was larger than the right one compared with 40.9% in SGA [relative risk (RR) 1.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.0-3.0] and 48.3% in AGA (RR 1.5; 95% CI 0.9-2.3) individuals. Renal structural anomalies were present in eight prematurely born participants only. Our data suggest that kidney growth is stunted after preterm birth, especially on the left side, and in the female gender.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Erasmus MC - Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. m.keijzer-veen@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Mandy G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Keijzer-Veen
authors.forename: Annick S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Devos
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meradji
authors.forename: Friedo W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nauta
authors.forename: Bert J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: van der Heijden
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D001830:Body Surface Area; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age / Q000502:physiology; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult