title: Anti-HIV-1 diterpenoids from leaves and twigs of Polyalthia sclerophylla.
abstract: Bioassay-guided fractionation and purification of the anti-HIV-1-active MeOH extract from the leaves and twigs of Polyalthia sclerophylla led to the isolation of two new compounds, ENT-kaur-sclerodimer ( 1) and cyclotucanol 3-palmitate ( 2), along with the known ENT-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid ( 3), 15 beta-hydroxy- ENT-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid ( 4), 15 beta-acetoxy- ENT-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid ( 5), 15-oxo- ENT-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid ( 6), 16 alpha,17-dihydroxy- ENT-kauran-19-oic acid ( 7), 16 alpha-hydroxy- ENT-kauran-19-oic acid (xylopic acid) ( 8), a pseudodimer (15 alpha-hydroxy- ENT-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid/17-hydroxy- ENT-kaur-15-en-19-oic acid) ( 9), ermanin, nicotiflorin, and allantoin. Among these isolates, compound 3 was the most active in both anti-syncytium (EC (50) 13.7 microg/mL and selectivity index 3.1) and HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (IC (50) 34.1 microg/mL) assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Center for Innovation in Chemistry (PERCH-CIC), Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Siriporn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saepou
authors.forename: Manat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pohmakotr
authors.forename: Vichai
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reutrakul
authors.forename: Chalobon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yoosook
authors.forename: Jitra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasisit
authors.forename: Chanita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Napaswad
authors.forename: Patoomratana
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tuchinda
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D031044:Polyalthia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004224:Diterpenes