title: Investigation of SERPINE1 genetic polymorphism in Macedonian patients with occlusive artery disease and deep vein thrombosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Raised SERPINE1 plasma levels are related to a 1-bp guanine deletion/insertion (4G5G) polymorphism in the promoter of the SERPINE1 (plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 - PAI1) gene. Evidence suggested that the plasma levels of SERPINE1 modulate the risk of coronary artery disease; furthermore, that the 4G5G polymorphism affects the expression of the SERPINE1 gene.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyse association of SERPINE1 polymorphism with occlusive artery disease (OAD) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in Macedonians in order to investigate its role as a part of candidate genes in different vascular diseases in Macedonians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Investigated groups consisted of 82 healthy patients, 75 with OAD, and 66 with DVT. Blood samples were collected after written informed consent was obtained, and DNA was isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes. Identification of SERPINE1 polymorphism was done with CVD StripAssay (ViennaLab, Labordiagnostica GmbH, Austria). The population genetics analysis package, PyPop, was used for analysis of the SERPINE1 data. Pearson's P-values, crude odds ratio and Wald's 95% CI were calculated with Bonferroni corrected p value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of 4G allele for SERPINE1 was 0.538 for DVT, 0.555 for healthy participants, and 0.607 for OAD. The frequency of 5G allele for SERPINE1 was the smallest in patients with OAD (0.393) and was higher in healthy participants (0.445), and patients with DVT (0.462). Test of neutrality (Fnd) showed negative value, but was significantly different from 0 for SERPINE1 in healthy participants (p of F = 0.041) and in patients with DVT (p of F = 0.030). SERPINE1 genotypes in healthy participants and patients with OAD were not in Hardy Weinberg proportions (p = 0.019 and 0.001, respectively). No association between SERPINE1 polymorphisms and OAD or DVT was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no significant relationship between SERPINE1 polymorphisms and occlusive artery disease or deep venous thrombosis in Macedonian population.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University, Blvd. Krste Petkov Misirkov bb, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. ispiroski@gmail.com
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Spiroski
authors.forename: Sashko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kedev
authors.forename: Slobodan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Antov
authors.forename: Dejan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trajkov
authors.forename: Aleksandar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petlichkovski
authors.forename: Sloboda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dzhekova-Stojkova
authors.forename: Stojanka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kostovska
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spiroski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018843:Republic of North Macedonia; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human