title: The effect of the long term aspirin administration on the progress of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- LDLR-/- double knockout mouse.
abstract: We have investigated the effects of differential aspirin doses on atherogenesis. Aspirin was given to homozygous, apoE(-/-) and LDLR(-/-) double deficient mice for 12 weeks. The development of arteriosclerosis was determined morphologically by image analysis and endothelial cell function was assessed by measurement of peripheral nitric oxide (NO).
  
  
  METHODS
  ApoE(-/-) LDLR(-/-)double knockout mice were bred and maintained with a high fat diet containing aspirin (4 and 40 mg/kg B.W. /day) for twelve weeks. The development of arteriosclerosis was monitored by estimating the total area of atherosclerotic lesions in the entire aorta. Acetylcholine-induced NO release was measured in vivo using electrochemical sensors. The expression of eNOS on the endothelial surface was determined by immuno-staining. Plasma prostaglandin F1alpha (PGF(1 alpha)), serum thromboxian B(2) (TXB(2)) and total cholesterol were measured using enzymatic assay. Bleeding time was measured by tail cut method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Arteriosclerosis in the 4 mg/kg/day aspirin group was decreased significantly compared with the placebo group, but not in the 40 mg/kg/day aspirin group. Acetylcholine-induced NO release was significantly depressed in the 40 mg/kg/day aspirin group. Immunochemical analysis with anti-eNOS antibody supported these findings. In the 4 mg/kg/day aspirin group, the severe suppression of PGI(2) production was not confirmed in spite of decreasing TXB(2) production, but not in the 40 mg/kg/day aspirin group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that endothelial dysfunction with low dose aspirin improved, reduced progression of atherosclerosis in apoE(-/-) and LDLR(-/-) double deficient mice and provides a pathophysiological basis for the beneficial effects of aspirin in atherosclerosis, and low doses appeared to be more efficient than high doses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition, and Cooperative Research Center of Life Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Giddings
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001011:Aorta / Q000473:pathology; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology*; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D006720:Homozygote; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D000109:Acetylcholine; D001241:Aspirin