title: Differential sensitivities of pulmonary and coronary arteries to hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers and nitrovasodilators: study in a bovine ex vivo model of vascular strips.
abstract: Vasoconstriction is a major adverse effect of first and second generation hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) that hinders their development as blood substitute. However, intravenous infusion of HBOC-201 (second generation) to patients induces significant pulmonary hypertension without significant coronary vasoconstriction. We compared contractile responses of isolated bovine pulmonary and coronary arterial strips to HBOC-201 and HBOC-205LL.LT.MW600 (third generation), polymerized bovine hemoglobins of different molecular weight, and their attenuation by nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and sodium nitrite. Pulmonary arteries developed negligible basal tone, but exhibited HBOC-dependent amplification of phenylephrine-induced contractions. In contrast, coronary arteries developed significant basal tone, and exhibited HBOC-dependent constant force increment to serotonin-induced contractions. Therefore, relative to basal tone, HBOC-induced contractions were greater in pulmonary than coronary arteries. Furthermore, HBOC-205LL.LT.MW600 appeared to be less vasoactive than HBOC-201. Unexpectedly, pulmonary and coronary arteries exhibited differential sensitivities to nitrovasodilators in parallel with their differential sensitivities to HBOC. However, SNP and sodium nitrite induced significant methemoglobin formation from HBOC, whereas nitroglycerin did not. These results suggest that phenotypic differences between pulmonary and coronary vascular smooth muscle cells could explain the differential hypertensive effects of HBOC on pulmonary and coronary circulation in patients. Among the three nitrovasodilators investigated, nitroglycerin appears to be the most promising candidate for attenuating HBOC-induced pulmonary hypertension in older HBOCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology & Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Avizinis
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moon-Massat
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Freilich
authors.forename: Hae Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chi-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008706:Methemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012977:Sodium Nitrite / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; C551145:HBOC-205LL.LT.MW600; D006454:Hemoglobins; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; C096798:HBOC 201; D008706:Methemoglobin; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D012977:Sodium Nitrite