title: Generation and analysis of expression sequence tags from haustoria of the wheat stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. Tritici.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is one of the most destructive diseases of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) worldwide. In spite of its agricultural importance, the genomics and genetics of the pathogen are poorly characterized. Pst transcripts from urediniospores and germinated urediniospores have been examined previously, but little is known about genes expressed during host infection. Some genes involved in virulence in other rust fungi have been found to be specifically expressed in haustoria. Therefore, the objective of this study was to generate a cDNA library to characterize genes expressed in haustoria of Pst.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 5,126 EST sequences of high quality were generated from haustoria of Pst, from which 287 contigs and 847 singletons were derived. Approximately 10% and 26% of the 1,134 unique sequences were homologous to proteins with known functions and hypothetical proteins, respectively. The remaining 64% of the unique sequences had no significant similarities in GenBank. Fifteen genes were predicted to be proteins secreted from Pst haustoria. Analysis of ten genes, including six secreted protein genes, using quantitative RT-PCR revealed changes in transcript levels in different developmental and infection stages of the pathogen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The haustorial cDNA library was useful in identifying genes of the stripe rust fungus expressed during the infection process. From the library, we identified 15 genes encoding putative secreted proteins and six genes induced during the infection process. These genes are candidates for further studies to determine their functions in wheat-Pst interactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, 99164-6430, USA. chunto_yin@wsu.edu
authors.forename: Chuntao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Xianming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiaojie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qingmei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Zhensheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Scot H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hulbert
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000235:genetics*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015723:Gene Library; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014908:Triticum / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D012331:RNA, Fungal