title: The efficacy of catheters coated with minocycline and rifampin in the prevention of catheter-related bacteremia in cancer patients receiving high-dose interleukin-2.
abstract: High-dose interleukin-2 (HDIL-2) has proven to be an effective treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma and melanoma. Previous studies have shown an increase in catheter-related bacteremia (CRB) in patients on HDIL-2. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of minocycline and rifampin-coated catheters (M/R-C) in reducing CRB in cancer patients on HDIL-2. This was a retrospective study where non-coated catheters (NC-C) and M/R-C were used for the administration of HDIL-2 before and after December 2004, respectively. Data collected included demographics, cancer type, catheter type, antibiotic prophylaxis, and infection rates. A total of 107 episodes of catheter use for HDIL-2 were evaluated in 78 patients (30 episodes in patients with M/R-C vs. 77 with NC-C). A total of nine episodes of CRB were identified, all in patients with NC-C (M/R-C 0% vs. NC-C 12%; p=0.06). The median time to bacteremia was 11 days (range 1-315 days). A log-rank test showed a trend that the M/R-C group had lower probability of getting CRB than the NC-C group (p=0.06). The use of M/R-C in patients on HDIL-2 therapy for advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma may have reduced the risk of CRB to nil. CRB still occurred despite antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with NC-C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Unit 402, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030-4009, USA. rfchemaly@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Chemaly
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Youssef
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gerber
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hwu
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hanmod
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Hachem
authors.forename: I I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Raad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008911:Minocycline; D012293:Rifampin