title: Pediatric bipolar disorder.
abstract: Pediatric bipolar disorder differs from the adult form of the disorder, marked by longer episodes, rapid cycling, prominent irritability, and high rates of comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and anxiety disorders. A careful assessment by families of children's symptoms, including their duration and intensity, helps with accurate diagnosis. After the diagnosis is made and careful psychopharmacological intervention is initiated, psychiatric nursing treatment of children and adolescents with pediatric bipolar disorder should involve child-and family-focused cognitive-behavioral therapies, family support, and psychoeducation.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Mood Disorder Clinic, Institute for Juvenile Research, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60608, USA. jcarbray@psych.uic.edu
authors.forename: M Julie A
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Carbray
authors.forename: Teena
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McGuinness
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002665:Child Psychiatry; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D016651:Lithium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D011613:Psychotherapy; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012944:Social Support
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D015363:Quinolones; D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D018967:Risperidone