title: Optical imaging of mammary and prostate tumors in living animals using a synthetic near infrared zinc(II)-dipicolylamine probe for anionic cell surfaces.
abstract: In vivo optical imaging shows that a fluorescent imaging probe, comprised of a near-infrared fluorophore attached to an affinity group containing two zinc(II)-dipicolylamine (Zn-DPA) units, targets prostate and mammary tumors in two different xenograft animal models. The tumor selectivity is absent with control fluorophores whose structures do not have appended Zn-DPA targeting ligands. Ex vivo biodistribution and histological analyses indicate that the probe is targeting the necrotic regions of the tumors, which is consistent with in vitro microscopy showing selective targeting of the anionic membrane surfaces of dead and dying cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 251 Nieuwland Science Hall, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Akers
authors.forename: W Matthew
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Leevy
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lampkins
authors.forename: Shuzhang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wolter
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Suckow
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Achilefu
authors.forename: Bradley D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010848:Picolinic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C501847:2,2'-dipicolylamine; D000588:Amines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010848:Picolinic Acids; D015032:Zinc