title: Bacterial burden of worn therapeutic silver textiles for neurodermitis patients and evaluation of efficacy of washing.
abstract: To reduce pruritus and colonization with Staphylococcus aureus, textiles containing silver are increasingly used as therapeutic option for patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). While wearing such textiles, the contained silver is in close contact with the patient's skin. The silver serves two purposes: to reduce bacterial colonization of the skin, and to prevent contamination of the textile with ensuing growth of microorganisms. It is unknown whether the silver impregnation is able to reduce bacterial contamination of the textile during wearing and to prevent bacterial growth within the textile. The aim of this study was to investigate the bacterial contamination in textiles containing silver versus placebo worn by patients with AD and to determine the efficacy of processing worn textiles by manual and machine-based washing. Additionally, the effect of silver textiles on S. aureus and total bacterial counts colonizing the skin of AD patients was analyzed. The reduction factor of silver textile compared to placebo was 0.5 log steps against S. aureus and 0.4 log steps against total bacteria. Silver textiles exhibited significantly less S. aureus as well as total bacterial colonization after 2 days of wearing without washing, as compared with a placebo textile. On placebo textiles 385.6 +/- 63.5 CFU total bacteria and 236.5 +/- 49.9 CFU S. aureus, and on silver textiles 279.9 +/- 78.7 CFU total bacteria and 119.3 +/- 39.4 CFU S. aureus were found on the inner side of the textiles facing the neurodermitis lesions. However, the unexpectedly high residual contamination despite the silver exposure represents a potential risk as recontamination source of S. aureus that could maintain the proinflammatory process in AD. This contamination is nearly completely eliminated by machine-based washing at 60 degrees C using conventional washing powder. AD patients wearing silver textiles should change their used clothes at least daily and wash them in a washing machine at 60 degrees C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daeschlein
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Assadian
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haase
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jünger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007846:Laundering / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009450:Neurodermatitis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012834:Silver; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013784:Textiles; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012834:Silver