title: HLA class I (ABC) upregulation on peripheral blood CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocyte surface is a potential predictor of acute rejection in renal transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal transplantation is currently the prevalent therapy for most patients with end-stage renal disease. No clinical markers for such rejection have been universally accepted. We aimed to investigate the possibility of use of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I (ABC) on peripheral blood CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes as a marker of acute rejection.
  
  
  METHODS
  For recipients undergoing renal transplantation from September 2007 to November 2008, peripheral blood samples were obtained pretransplantation and at days 3 and 7 posttransplantation when the patients were still hospitalized and at weeks 2 and 3 and months 1, 2, 3, and 6 posttransplantation. For patients with fever, lumbodynia, gross hematuria, or oliguria after transplantation, blood samples were collected immediately before and at days 3 and 7 after the administration of anti-inflammatory regents. The level of HLA class I (ABC) on peripheral-blood CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes was measured on flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the 79 transplant recipients, the level of HLA class I (ABC) on peripheral-blood CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes was consistently elevated during the first 3 weeks after transplantation, declined gradually to pretransplantation levels, then tapered off and remained stable. Patients experiencing acute rejection (AR) or not after transplantation did not differ in level of HLA class I (ABC) up to 6-month follow-up, except at days 14 and 21 after transplantation, when the level was higher for patients experiencing AR (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Upregulation of HLA class I (ABC) on peripheral-blood CD3+/CD8+ T lymphocytes could be used as an accurate and reliable predictor of AR after renal transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Renal Transplantation, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China. juntianqlyy@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Wen-Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Lu-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xian-Quan
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Wan-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Xian
authors.forename: Huai-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: En-Gang
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Li-Na
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Dian-Zheng
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D006680:HLA Antigens