title: Dual HIV Infection Uncommon in Patients on Antiretroviral  Therapy in a Region with High HIV Prevalence.
abstract: Dual HIV infection has been found in regions with high HIV prevalence and in populations infected with diverse strains of HIV. The prevalence of dual infection in KwaZulu-Natal (KZN), where there is a high prevalence of HIV and an influx of immigrants who may be infected with different HIV subtypes, is unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of dual infection in KZN. Eighty-three samples were obtained from chronically infected patients on ARV treatment from sites throughout KZN. Subtyping of the samples was performed using the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA). Twelve samples that had possible dual infection by HMA were cloned and sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis showed that there was no dual infection in these samples. Contrary to a previous study, we did not find dual infection in this region. The patients in our study may be different from those in the previous study in terms of transmission risk factors, treatment, and stage of infection (acute vs. chronic). This study may have important implications for vaccine development and for the pathogenesis and treatment of dual HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, National Health Laboratory Services, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa. Naidooa5@ukzn.ac.za
authors.forename: Anneta Frances
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Naidoo
authors.forename: Raveen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parboosing
authors.forename: Mchelle Lucille
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D019562:Viral Load; D055815:Young Adult