title: Bone marrow-derived cells are differentially involved in pathological and physiological retinal angiogenesis in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bone marrow-derived cells have been shown to play roles in angiogenesis. Although these cells have been shown to promote angiogenesis, it is not yet clear whether these cells affect all types of angiogenesis. This study investigated the involvement of bone marrow-derived cells in pathological and physiological angiogenesis in the murine retina.
  
  
  METHODS
  The oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) model was used as a retinal angiogenesis model in newborn mice. To block the influence of bone marrow-derived cells, the mice were irradiated with a 4-Gy dose of radiation from a (137)Cs source. Irradiation was performed in four different conditions with radio dense 2-cm thick lead disks; (1) H group, the head were covered with these discs to protect the eyes from radiation; (2) A group, all of the body was covered with these discs; (3) N group, mice were completely unshielded; (4) C group, mice were put in the irradiator but were not irradiated. On P17, the retinal areas showing pathological and physiological retinal angiogenesis were measured and compared to the retinas of nonirradiated mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although irradiation induced leukocyte depletion, it did not affect the number of other cell types or body weight. Retinal nonperfusion areas were significantly larger in irradiated mice than in control mice (P<0.05), indicating that physiological angiogenesis was impaired. However, the formation of tuft-like angiogenesis processes was more prominent in the irradiated mice (P<0.05), indicating that pathological angiogenesis was intact.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bone marrow-derived cells seem to be differentially involved in the formation of physiological and pathological retinal vessels. Pathological angiogenesis in the murine retina does not require functional bone marrow-derived cells, but these cells are important for the formation of physiological vessels. Our results add a new insight into the pathology of retinal angiogenesis and bolster the hypothesis that bone marrow cells are involved in the pathology or severity of retinal angiogenic diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yodoi
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kameda
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Nagahisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002452:Cell Count; D002465:Cell Movement; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D047589:Leukocyte Reduction Procedures; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D012160:Retina; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000473:pathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects