title: Clinical review: Anti-TNFalpha therapies in uveitis: perspective on 5 years of clinical experience.
abstract: Despite a lack of robust evidence, anti-TNF therapies are in wide use for the treatment of noninfectious ocular inflammatory diseases. There is a clear rationale, based on mechanistic and preclinical efficacy data, for their use in posterior segment intraocular inflammation. However, their increasing use for other indications has been largely extrapolated from the benefit observed in autoinflammatory and autoimmune systemic diseases. Given their cost and the potential for significant adverse events, this review highlights the evidence for their continued use, possibilities for switching anti-TNF agents, and ways of reducing the risk of therapy.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Ophthalmology, Bristol Eye Hospital, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Srilakshmi M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Achim R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Nestel
authors.forename: Richard W J
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Dick
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D012074:Remission Induction; D019233:Retreatment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014605:Uveitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha