title: Pharmacotherapy for obesity.
abstract: Obesity is associated with increased risk of conditions such as hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus, and obstructive sleep apnoea. Pharmacotherapy for obesity should be considered in combination with lifestyle changes in obese patients, or overweight patients with other conditions that put them at risk of developing heart disease. Sibutramine and orlistat are the only two anti-obesity medications approved for long-term use. Sibutramine is a serotonergic and adrenergic drug that reduces food intake. Orlistat is a gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor that interferes with fat absorption. However, it commonly causes flatulence and diarrhoea. Rimonabant is the first of a series of endocannabinoid receptor antagonists. It was approved by the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use of the European Medicines Agency (EMEA) as an adjunct to diet and exercise in treating obesity in 2006. However, despite the extensive clinical trial data, EMEA announced in 2008 that it has recommended suspension of rimonabant because of its psychiatric side effects. Studies evaluating the long-term safety and efficacy of anti-obesity agents are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Mingfang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bernard M Y
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001067:Appetite Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008049:Lipase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D000077403:Orlistat; D010880:Piperidines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077285:Rimonabant; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001067:Appetite Depressants; D007783:Lactones; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D000077403:Orlistat; D008049:Lipase; D000077285:Rimonabant