Gait analysis and cerebral volumes in Down's syndrome.
The aim of this study was to look for a relationship between cerebral volumes computed using a voxel-based morphometry algorithm and walking patterns in individuals with Down's syndrome (DS), in order to investigate the origin of the motor problems in these subjects with a view to developing appropriate rehabilitation programmes. Nine children with DS underwent a gait analysis (GA) protocol that used a 3D motion analysis system, force plates and a video system, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Analysis of GA graphs allowed a series of parameters to be defined and computed in order to quantify gait patterns. By combining some of the parameters it was possible to obtain a 3D description of gait in terms of distance from normal values. Finally, the results of cerebral volume analysis were compared with the gait patterns found. A strong relationship emerged between cerebellar vermis volume reduction and quality of gait and also between grey matter volume reduction of some cerebral areas and asymmetrical gait. An evaluation of high-level motor deficits, reflected in a lack or partial lack of proximal functions, is important in order to define a correct rehabilitation programme.
Rigoldi
C
C
Politecnico di Milano, Italy. chiara.rigoldi@polimi.it
Galli
M
M
Condoluci
C
C
Carducci
F
F
Onorati
P
P
Albertini
G
G
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054022:Cerebrum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D009929:Organ Size; D012016:Reference Values