title: Involvement of the thalamocortical network in TLE with and without mesiotemporal sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The thalamus plays an important role in seizure propagation in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). This study investigated how structural abnormalities in the focus, ipsilateral thalamus and extrafocal cortical structures relate to each other in TLE with mesiotemporal sclerosis (TLE-MTS) and without hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-no).
  
  
  METHODS
  T₁ and high-resolution T₂ images were acquired on a 4T magnet in 29 controls, 15 TLE-MTS cases, and 14 TLE-no. Thalamus volumes were obtained by warping a labeled atlas onto each subject's brain. Deformation-based morphometry was used to identify regions of thalamic volume loss and FreeSurfer for cortical thickness measurements. CA1 volumes were obtained from high-resolution T₂ images. Multiple regression analysis and correlation analyses for voxel- and vertex-based analyses were performed in SPM2 and FreeSurfer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TLE-MTS had bilateral volume loss in the anterior thalamus, which was correlated with CA1 volume and cortical thinning in the mesiotemporal lobe. TLE-no had less severe volume loss in the dorsal lateral nucleus, which was correlated with thinning in the mesiotemporal region but not with extratemporal thinning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that seizure propagation from the presumed epileptogenic focus or regions close to it into the thalamus occurs in TLE-MTS and TLE-no and results in circumscribed neuronal loss in the thalamus. However, seizure spread beyond the thalamus seems not to be responsible for the extensive extratemporal cortical abnormalities in TLE.
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco, California, USA. susanne.mueller@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Susanne G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Laxer
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barakos
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Finlay
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cardenas-Nicolson
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Weiner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000473:pathology; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult