[Psychological support for road accident participants: the program implementation outcome].
Road accident belongs to one of the categories of traumatic events, and can cause posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The most common psychological consequences of road traffic accidents are the emotional disorders, cognitive deficits (disorders concentration of attention and memory function), impaired social relationships, troubles with performing work duties and physical symp-toms of stress. The article discusses the program of psychological support given to the participants of road accidents, conducted in Wroclaw, its theoretical assumptions and the mode of its implementation. Basic theoretical assumptions of the program are inter alia based on the theories of H. Selye and R. Lazarus. The authors of this article also refer to the so-called therapeutic process of education designed by Everly and Rosenfeld, who recommend that the process of developing self-responsibility be used for therapeutic purposes. This requires clarifying the exact nature of the problem, and then looking for possible remedies. The program is open to all road accident participants (victims, perpetrators, witnesses) and their families. Classes are designed to combine theory (lectures) and practice (exercises). Anxiety and cognitive processes, as well as relaxation training, interpersonal training (eg, assertiveness) and kinesiology are the major areas of activities. Psychological support provided for road accident participants is of intervention--and preventive nature; intervention, as it relates to the consequences ofa specific stressogenic event, namely a road accident; preventive, as it serves the overriding purpose--the improvement of road safety. This article presents the main findings of the program, the results of the survey evaluation, and proposals to develop psychological operations aimed at the road accidents participants.
Mikuczewska-Wośko
Aleksandra
A
Dolnoślaski Wojewódzki Ośrodek Medycyny Pracy, Wrocław. aleksandra@wosko.pl
Biłyj
Dorota
D
Tomczyk
Jarosław
J
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019058:Community Networks / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003376:Counseling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003419:Crisis Intervention / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011044:Poland; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012944:Social Support; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*