title: Nutriose, a prebiotic low-digestible carbohydrate, stimulates gut mucosal immunity and prevents TNBS-induced colitis in piglets.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated a prebiotic low-digestible carbohydrate (LDC) as a possible food ingredient to stimulate bowel functions in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. The study aimed to assess a fermentable dextrin fiber (Nutriose) and its relationship to the immune management of the disease and the microbiota profile in colitis-bearing piglets.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized placebo-controlled parallel blind preclinical study, 32 male piglets were fed LDC (4% Nutriose) or dextrose placebo for 44 days before being challenged with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) to induce colitis. We followed the microbiota profile using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeted to 9 bacterial genera. Secretory IgA was evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Inflammatory protein profiles were monitored in blood and colonic tissues. Both histological scoring of biopsy samples and live endoscopic scoring were used to measure colitis development.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior and continuing LDC supplementation alleviated the symptoms of colitis (body weight loss, bloody stools) induced by a TNBS challenge. This effect was associated with an improvement in endoscopic and histological scores. LDC was shown to selectively downregulate some of the proinflammatory factors and their concomitant pyretic events and to stimulate the Th2-related immune pathway (IL-10 and s-IgA).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the dose tested, LDC is a well-tolerated prebiotic agent able to not only stimulate butyrogenic bacteria strains and reduce intestinal transit disorders and energy intake, but also to prevent chronic inflammatory intestinal injuries.
authors.affiliation: Institut Polytechnique LaSalle Beauvais, Beauvais, France. philippe.pouillart@lasalle-beauvais.fr
authors.forename: Philippe R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Pouillart
authors.forename: Flore
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dépeint
authors.forename: Afif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdelnour
authors.forename: Laetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deremaux
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mazière
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Madec
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chatelain
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Younes
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wils
authors.forename: Marie-Hélène
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Saniez
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dupas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003912:Dextrins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000502:physiology*; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000032:analysis; D056747:Immunomodulation; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D056692:Prebiotics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D003912:Dextrins; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D056692:Prebiotics; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid