title: Modulation of seizure threshold by vagus nerve stimulation in an animal model for motor seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The precise mechanism of action of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) in suppressing epileptic seizures remains to be elucidated. This study investigates whether VNS modulates cortical excitability by determining the threshold for provoking focal motor seizures by cortical electrical stimulation before and after VNS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats (n = 8) were implanted with a cuff-electrode around the left vagus nerve and with stimulation electrodes placed bilaterally on the rat motor cortex. Motor seizure threshold (MST) was assessed for each rat before and immediately after 1 h of VNS with standard stimulation parameters, during two to three sessions on different days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An overall significant increase of the MST was observed following 1 h of VNS compared to the baseline value (1420 microA and 1072 microA, respectively; P < 0.01). The effect was reproducible over time with an increase in MST in each experimental session.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VNS significantly increases the MST in a cortical stimulation model for motor seizures. These data indicate that VNS is capable of modulating cortical excitability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium. veerle.deherdt@ugent.be <veerle.deherdt@ugent.be>
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Herdt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Waele
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Raedt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wyckhuys
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: El Tahry
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vonck
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wadman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D055536:Vagus Nerve Stimulation