Acute effects of chlorpyryphos-ethyl and secondary treated effluents on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities in Carcinus maenas.
The acute effects of commercial formulation of chlorpyrifos-ethyl (Dursban) and the secondary treated industrial/urban effluent (STIUE) exposure on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities in hepatopancreas and gills of Mediterranean crab Carcinus maenas were investigated. After 2 d of exposure to chlorpyriphos-ethyl, the AChE activity was inhibited in both organs at concentrations of 3.12 and 7.82 microg/L, whereas the BuChE was inhibited only at higher concentration 7.82 microg/L of commercial preparation Dursban. The exposure of crabs to Dursban (3.12 microg/L) showed a significant decrement of AChE activity at 24 and 48 h, whereas the BuChE was inhibited only after 24 h and no inhibition for both enzymes was observed after 72 h. Moreover, a significant repression of AChE activity was observed in both organs of C. maenas exposed to 5% of STIUE. Our experiments indicated that the measurement of AChE activity in gills and hepatopancreas of C. maenas would be useful biomarker of organophosphorous (OP) and of neurotoxic effects of STIUE in Tunisia.
Ghedira
Jihene
J
Laboratory of Biochemical and Environmental Toxicology, Higher Institute of Agriculture, Chott-Mariem, 4042 Sousse, Tunisia. ghedira_jihene@yahoo.fr
Jebali
Jamel
J
Bouraoui
Zied
Z
Banni
Mohamed
M
Chouba
Lassaad
L
Boussetta
Hamadi
H
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003386:Brachyura / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity
D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos