title: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in umbilical cord blood and relevant factors in neonates from Guiyu, China.
abstract: We aimed to evaluate the exposure of neonates to polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) from a primitive e-waste (obsolete electrical and electronic devices) recycling area, in Guiyu, China, and a control area, Chaonan, China, through umbilical cord blood (UCB), the health effects, and relevant factors. Questionnaires were addressed, and UCB was collected shortly after birth from 153 pregnant women between May and July 2007. Blood samples were prepared by liquid-liquid extracting methods. PBDE concentration was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the electron capture negative ionization mode. The total PBDE concentration was higher in UCB samples from Guiyu than in Chaonan samples (median 13.84, range 1.14-504.97 ng g(-1) lipid, vs 5.23, range 0.29-363.70 ng g(-1) lipid) (p < 0.05). BDE-209 was the dominant PBDE congener, followed by BDE-47, -153, and -99. Residence in Guiyu, which is a site for e-waste recycling, involvement in e-waste recycling, and the residence also being used as a family workshop were significant factors contributing to PBDE exposure. PBDE levels significantly differed in neonates by normal birth and adverse birth outcomes including stillbirth, low birth weight, and premature delivery (p < 0.05). The neonates from Guiyu are exposed to high levels of PBDEs. Prenatal exposure to PBDEs may affect neonates' health in Guiyu, which still needs to be evaluated in larger epidemiological studies.
authors.affiliation: Analytic Cytology Laboratory, Department of Preventive Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Kusheng
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xijin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Junxiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yongyong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huo
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004581:Electronics; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers