title: Dihydrochalcones: Implication in resistance to oxidative stress and bioactivities against advanced glycation end-products and vasoconstriction.
abstract: Flavonoids are a group of polyphenol compounds with known antioxidant activities. Among them, dihydrochalcones are mainly found in apple leaves (Malus domestica). Glycosylated dihydrochalcones were previously found in large amounts in leaves of two genotypes of Malus with contrasting resistance to fire blight, a bacterial disease caused by Erwinia amylovora. In the present study we demonstrate that soluble polyphenol patterns comprised phloridzin alone or in combination with two additional dihydrochalcones, identified as sieboldin and trilobatin. Presence of sieboldin in young leaves correlated well with a high 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity. Moreover, these leaves displayed enhanced tolerance to paraquat, a photooxidative-stress generating herbicide. Interestingly, phloridzin had a high activity in the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay, but its presence alone in leaves did not correlate with tolerance to paraquat. In order to further characterise the activity of these compounds, we tested their ability to prevent oxidative-dependent formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and phenylephrine-induced contraction of isolated rat mesenteric arteries. The antioxidant capacity of sieboldin was clearly demonstrated by showing that this compound (i) prevented vasoconstriction and (ii) inhibited AGEs formation. Both assays provided interesting information concerning a potential use of sieboldin as a therapeutic. Hence, our results strongly argue for a bioactivity of dihydrochalcones as functional antioxidants in the resistance of Malus leaves to oxidative stress. In addition, we demonstrate for the first time that sieboldin is a powerful multipotent antioxidant, effective in preventing physiopathological processes. Further work should aim at demonstrating the potential use of this compound as a therapeutic in treating free radical-involving diseases.
authors.affiliation: UMR077 INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, Université d'Angers, IFR149, F-49071 Angers, France.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dugé de Bernonville
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guyot
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Paulin
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaucher
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Loufrani
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henrion
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Derbré
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guilet
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Richomme
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dat
authors.forename: Marie-Noëlle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Brisset
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D047188:Chalcones / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005838:Genotype; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010269:Paraquat / Q000494:pharmacology; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D047188:Chalcones; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D010851:Picrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; C015812:dihydrochalcone; D010269:Paraquat