title: Risk-adjusted assessment of incidence and quantity of blood use in acute-care hospitals in Japan: an analysis using administrative data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Continuous monitoring of blood use and feedback on transfusions are effective in decreasing inappropriate blood transfusions. However, traditional methods of monitoring have practical challenges, such as the limited availability of experts and funding. Administrative data including a patient classification system may be employed for risk-adjusted assessment of hospital-wide blood use.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an audit of blood use at two hospitals and determined proportions of appropriate blood use at each hospital. We then used administrative data of 587,045 cases provided by 73 hospitals to develop two mathematical models to calculate risk-adjusted use of blood products. The first model is a logistic regression model to predict the percentage of transfused patients. Patient demographics, surgery and diagnostic groups were utilized as predictors of transfusion. The second model is a case-mix adjusted model which predicts hospital-wide use of units of blood products from the distribution of diagnosis-related groups. For each model, the observed to expected (O/E) ratio of blood use in each hospital was calculated. We compared resultant ratios with proportions of appropriate blood use in two of the hospitals studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both models showed good prediction abilities. O/E ratios calculated using the two models were relevant to proportions of appropriate transfusions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk-adjusted assessments of blood product use based on administrative data allow hospital-wide evaluation of transfusion use. Comparing blood use between different hospitals contributes toward establishing appropriate transfusion practices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare Economics and Quality Management, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekimoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imanaka
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komeno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ashihara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maekawa
mesh_terms: D001782:Blood Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007902:Length of Stay; D016015:Logistic Models; D008485:Medical Audit / Q000379:methods; D015233:Models, Statistical; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D065227:Transfusion Reaction