title: Attenuation of hydrogen sulfide at construction and demolition debris landfills using alternative cover materials.
abstract: The attenuation of H(2)S emissions by various landfill cover materials was evaluated using both laboratory and field experiments. The results demonstrated that cover materials consisting of selected waste products (compost and yard trash) and soils amended with quicklime and calcium carbonate effectively attenuated H(2)S emissions and detectable H(2)S emissions were only encountered in a testing plot using a sandy soil cover (average emission rate was 4.67x10(-6)mgm(-2)s(-1)). H(2)S concentration profiles in the cover materials indicated that H(2)S was removed as it migrated through the cover materials. At the same depth in the testing area, the H(2)S concentration in the sandy soil field plot was always higher than that of other testing plots because the sand (a) demonstrated less ability to remove H(2)S and (b) exhibited a higher H(2)S concentration at the base of the cover. Laboratory experiments confirmed these observations, with a combination of physical adsorption, chemical reactions, and biological oxidation, accounting for the enhanced removal. In addition to removal, the results suggest that some of the cover materials reduced H(2)S generation by creating less favorable conditions for sulfate-reducing bacteria (e.g., high pH and temperature).
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-6450, United States.
authors.forename: Qiyong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reinhart
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D003252:Construction Materials; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D016999:Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013431:Sulfates; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide