title: Strategies for molecular expression profiling in bladder cancer.
abstract: Carcinoma of the urinary bladder involves alterations in multiple cellular pathways that dictate the pathology of the disease and clinical outcome of the patient. This includes alterations in regulation of the cell cycle, apoptotic mechanisms, signal transduction and tumor angiogenesis. Interrogation of alterations in multiple molecules associated with these pathways is leading to the development of biomarker panels that are capable of predicting an individual patient's outcome or response to specific treatments. With respect to gene expression profiling, two broad approaches may be identified: a global approach and a pathway-specific approach. The global approach involves a high-throughput effort to profile the entire genome, while the pathway-specific approach quantifies select genes across several pathways. While the former has a high potential for discovery of novel signatures, the latter is important in generating reproducible and concise panels that have the potential for rapid clinical implementation. A combination of both these approaches is needed for the identification and validation of robust marker panels of potential clinical importance in bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, 2011 Zonal Avenue, HMR 308, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. amitra@usc.edu
authors.forename: Anirban P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Claudia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cote
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins