title: Computer-aided manufacturing technologies for guided implant placement.
abstract: Implant treatment increasingly focuses on the reduction of treatment time and postoperative impairment. The improvement of 3D dental diagnosis by ConeBeam computed tomography allows detailed preparation for the surgical placement of dental implants under prosthetic considerations. While the first generation of implant planning software used high-contrast multislice computed tomography, software that has been specifically designed for ConeBeam computed tomography is now available. Implant placement can be performed using surgical guides or under the control of optical tracking systems. Surgical guides are more commonly used in private office owing to their availability. The accuracy for both techniques is clinically acceptable for achieving implant placement in critical anatomical indications. When using prefabricated superstructures and in flapless surgery, special abutments or an adjusted workflow are still necessary to compensate misfits of between 150 and 600 microm. The proposition to ensure proper implant placement by dentists with limited surgical experience through the use of surgical guides is unlikely to be successful, because there is also a specific learning curve for guided implant placement. Current and future development will continue to decrease the classical laboratory-technician work and will integrate the fabrication of superstructures with virtual treatment planning from the start.
authors.affiliation: University to Cologne, Consultant at Interdisciplinary Outpatient Department for Oral Surgery and Implantology, Kerpener Strasse 32, 50931 Köln, Germany. joerg.neugebauer@uk-koeln.de
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Neugebauer
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stachulla
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ritter
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dreiseidler
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mischkowski
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Keeve
authors.forename: Joachim E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zöller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017076:Computer-Aided Design / Q000295:instrumentation*; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012984:Software