title: Acute coronary syndromes: clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes at the American University of Beirut Medical Center, 2002-2005.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data on acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in developing countries is scarce. In this report, we analyze the temporal trends in the management and outcomes of a large series of ACS patients hospitalized at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), a tertiary referral university hospital located in a middle income Middle Eastern developing country.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1025 consecutive patients hospitalized and discharged with the diagnosis of ACS were enrolled between 2002 and 2005. The utilization of evidence-based therapies and in-hospital outcomes were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study enrolled 228 patients (22%) with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), 275 patients (27%) with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and 522 patients (51%) with unstable angina. The STEMI group was younger and had a higher percentage of men. The utilization rates of coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were highest in the STEMI group. Comparison to earlier ACS data (1997-1998) from the same hospital, showed an increase in the utilization of reperfusion therapy, coronary angioplasty, bypass surgery, aspirin, beta-blockers, angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), and statins over the past decade (P < .05). This was associated with a significant decrease in hospital mortality (13%-7.7%, P < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study analyzes one of the largest series of ACS patients reported from a single center in a developing country. The utilization of evidence-based therapies in the management of ACS at AUBMC has improved significantly over the past decade with an associated decrease in hospital mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Mouhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Wassef
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Karrowni
authors.forename: Wael
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shamseddeen
authors.forename: Salam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itani
authors.forename: Loulou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kobeissi
authors.forename: Ziyad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ghazzal
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Habib A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Dakik
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007861:Lebanon; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D001241:Aspirin