title: Schmorl's nodes distribution in the human spine and its possible etiology.
abstract: Although Schmorl's nodes (SNs) are a common phenomenon in the normal adult population, their prevalence is controversial and etiology still debatable. The objective was to establish the spatial distribution of SNs along the spine in order to reveal its pathophysiology. In this study, we examined 240 human skeleton spines (T4-L5) (from the Hamann-Todd Osteological Collection) for the presence and location of SNs. To determine the exact position of SNs, each vertebral body surface was divided into 13 zones and 3 areas (anterior, middle, posterior). Our results show that SNs appeared more frequently in the T7-L1 region. The total number of SNs found in our sample was 511: 193 (37.7%) were located on the superior surface and 318 (62.3%) on the inferior surface of the vertebral body. SNs were more commonly found in the middle part of the vertebral body (63.7%). No association was found between the SNs location along the spine and gender, ethnicity and age. This study suggests that the frequency distribution of SNs varies with vertebra location and surface. The results do not lend support to the traumatic or disease explanation of the phenomenon. SNs occurrences are probably associated with the vertebra development process during early life, the nucleus pulposus pressing the weakest part of the end plate in addition to the various strains on the vertebrae and the intervertebral disc along the spine during spinal movements (especially torsional movements).
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Social Welfare and Health Studies, Haifa University, Mount Carmel, 31905 Haifa, Israel. galidar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gali
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dar
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masharawi
authors.forename: Smadar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peleg
authors.forename: Nili
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Hila
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Bahaa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Medlej
authors.forename: Natan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Peled
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hershkovitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000473:pathology*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology*