title: Peripherally acting CB1-receptor antagonist: the relative importance of central and peripheral CB1 receptors in adiposity control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether drugs targeting peripheral cannabinoid-1 (CB1) receptor ameliorate adiposity comparable to central CB1-receptor antagonist or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  Receptor binding assay and functional assay in vitro. Pharmacokinetic parameters in mice, brain uptake clearance of compounds in rats and antagonism on the CB1-agonist-induced hypothermia in mice. Diet consumption, body weight changes, hepatic gene expression of sterol-regulatory element-binding protein-1 (SREBP-1) and plasma/tissue concentrations of compounds in HF diet-induced obese (HF-DIO) mice after acute and chronic treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compound-1, an SR141716A derivative, is a peripheral CB1-receptor-selective antagonist that is 10 times less potent than SR141716A in in vitro evaluations. Although the plasma concentrations of Compound-1 are five times higher than those of SR141716A, its potency is still 10 times lower than that of SR141716A in reducing the consumption of normal or HF diet by mice. Through evaluations of brain uptake and the effect on CB1-agonist-induced hypothermia, it was verified that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration of Compound-1 is much lower than that of SR141716A. In HF-DIO mice, chronic treatment by Compound-1 showed dose-dependent antiobesity activities, while its brain distribution was very low as compared with that of SR141716A. Compound-1's effective doses for antiobesity activity were just over 30 mg kg(-1). However, Compound-1 completely suppressed the elevated hepatic SREBP-1 expression even at 10 mg kg(-1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that (1) central CB1 receptors mediate anorectic response of CB1-receptor antagonists and (2) peripheral modulations, including SREBP-1 expression, are not major mechanisms in the antiobesity effects of CB1-receptor antagonists.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Dong-A Pharm. Co. Ltd, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: M-H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: M-K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: K-J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: H-S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y-G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D048588:Benzoxazines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009025:Morpholines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000077285:Rimonabant; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D048588:Benzoxazines; D009025:Morpholines; C553175:N-(3-chlorobenzyl)-3-(5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acrylamide; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone; D000077285:Rimonabant