title: Improvement of the cardiac marker N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide through adjustment for renal function: a stratified multicenter trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  N-terminal-pro brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) is a useful cardiac marker that is also influenced by renal dysfunction. It was our objective to assess the relationship between NT-proBNP concentrations in plasma and worsening renal function, and to attempt adjustment of NT-proBNP for renal dysfunction in a prospective, stratified multi-center study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We stratified 203 male patients according to their cardiac status and the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Cardiac disease was assessed by medical history, physical examination and standardized echocardiography. Patients were stratified according to the following: absence of cardiac history and abnormalities (control, CTRL, n=66), cardiac history without left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) or left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVD) (history, n=30), LVH without systolic dysfunction (LVH, n=68), and LVD [ejection fraction (EF) <40%, LVD, n=39]. Renal disease was stratified according to the eGFR: 15-30 mL/min (n=52), 31-75 mL/min (n=99), and >75 mL/min (n=52).
  
  
  RESULTS
  NT-proBNP was correlated with eGFR in the entire study population and for all levels of cardiac disease (all p<0.01). Regression analysis allowed adjustment of NT-proBNP for eGFR in a continuous manner, and this adjustment significantly improved the predictive value (receiver operating characteristic curve for symptomatic LVD from 0.80 to 0.86, p<0.01; sensitivity from 74% to 83% and specificity from 68% to 79%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NT-proBNP correlates inversely and significantly with eGFR throughout all levels of cardiac strata. We propose for the first time a continuous adjustment algorithm which markedly improves the predictive values of NT-proBNP in male patients with impaired renal function.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Klinikum der Universität Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. andreas.luchner@klinik.uni-regensburg.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luchner
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weidemann
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willenbrock
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Philipp
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heinicke
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rambausek
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mehdorn
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frankenberger
authors.forename: Iris M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Heid
authors.forename: Kai-Uwe
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Eckardt
authors.forename: Stephan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Holmer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003710:Demography; D004452:Echocardiography; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain