title: Negative relationship between expression of glucocorticoid receptor alpha and disease activity: glucocorticoid treatment of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glucocorticoid receptor alpha (GRalpha) is crucial for glucocorticoids (GC) to carry out their physiological and pharmacological roles. Studies have shown the disorder of GR-GC systems in autoimmune diseases. Our study was performed to test the relationship between GRalpha expression and disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The responses of 55 patients with SLE to GC were screened. We examined GRalpha mRNA and protein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from SLE patients and healthy volunteers by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of GRalpha in patients with SLE was lower than that in controls (p < 0.05). Expression of GRalpha obviously decreased after administration of GC in the steroid-sensitive group with SLE (p < 0.05). Expression of GRalpha was negatively correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index scores in the steroid-sensitive group with SLE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of GRalpha in patients with SLE was low and there was a negative correlation between GRalpha expression and disease activity; these findings might provide insight into the pathogenesis of SLE and help to screen whether the patient is sensitive to GC treatment. (Heilungkiang Provincial Health Department Guiding Projects Funding. Trial registration No. 2006-094.).
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilungkiang, China. lili72710@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Feng-Shan
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ji-Hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing-Yuan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; C411470:glucocorticoid receptor alpha; D008775:Methylprednisolone