title: Sleep in infants with congenital heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate hypoxia and sleep disordered breathing in infants with congenital heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study. In-hospital full polysomnography was performed on 14 infants with congenital heart disease, age 7 +/-1 months, and in 7 normal infants, age 10 +/-2 months. Congenital heart disease infants were classified as acyanotic (n=7) or cyanotic (n=7).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nutritional status, assessed by the Gomez classification and expressed as % weight for age, was 70 +/-7, 59 +/-11 and 94 +/-16 in the acyanotic, cyanotic congenital heart disease and control infants, respectively (p<0.001). The respiratory disturbance index (AHI, events per hour) was [median (25-75%)]: 2.5 (1.0-3.4), 2.4 (1.5-3.1) and 0.7 (0.7-0.9) in acyanotic, cyanotic CHD infants and controls, respectively (p=0.013). Almost all congenital heart disease infants (11 out of 14) and only one control infant had an AHI >1 event/hour. The minimum oxygen saturation was 79% (74-82), 73% (57-74) and 90% (90-91) in the acyanotic, cyanotic congenital heart disease infants and controls, respectively (p <0.001). The arousal index (events/hour) was similar among the three groups at 8.4 +/-2.4, 10.3 +/-8.7 and 6.5 +/-3, respectively (p=0.451).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants with congenital heart disease frequently present with sleep-disordered breathing associated with oxygen desaturations but not arousals. Therefore, sleep may represent a significant burden to infants with congenital heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Physiotherapy Department, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo - São Paulo/SP, Brazil. daisyykeda302@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Daisy Satomi
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ykeda
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lorenzi-Filho
authors.forename: Antonio A B
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Rosana S C
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Alves
mesh_terms: D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D017286:Polysomnography; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology