title: Study of lip hydration with application of photoprotective lipstick: influence of skin phototype, size of lips, age, sex and smoking habits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study lip hydration levels when applying a lipstick sunscreen for 3 months and to evaluate the influence of size of lips, age, sex, smoking and skin phototype.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group was formed by 140 volunteer subjects, one group consisting of 70 patients applying a commercial lipstick sunscreen three times a day and the other group of 70 controls in which no product was applied. The age range was 20-86 years. The influence in lip hydration levels of age, sex, phototype, size of the lips and smoking habits was studied using a Corneometer 825 (Courage & Khazaka Electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany).
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increase in lip hydration was found between the basal (53.49 +/- 15.259) and final (59.34 +/- 14.51) Corneometer 825 (Courage & Khazaka Electronic GmbH, Cologne, Germany) measurements over the three months of treatment, with statistically significant differences with respect to the control (p=0.002). However, no statistically significant differences in lip hydration were observed with regard to age, (p=0.48), gender (p=0.876), skin phototype (p=0.653), lip area (p=0.291) and smoking (p=0.178).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of a lipstick sunscreen 3 times a day for 3 months increases lip hydration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, University of Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Pía
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: López-Jornet
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Camacho-Alonso
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Espin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001834:Body Water / Q000187:drug effects; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D012737:Sex Factors; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D012907:Smoking; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D013473:Sunscreening Agents