title: Genome-wide expression profiling reveals new candidate genes associated with osteoarthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the extracellular matrix (ECM) is the functional element in articular cartilage and its degradation is central in the pathogenetic process in osteoarthritis (OA), increasing the knowledge about the cellular OA phenotype is essential. The aim of this study is therefore to provide a more complete picture of the cellular and molecular alterations detected in OA cartilage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human articular cartilage biopsies were collected from donors with macroscopical and microscopical signs of OA as well as donors with no previous history of OA and with microscopically intact cartilage. RNA was isolated from the biopsies and subjected to whole genome microarray analysis. Important results from the microarray analysis were verified using real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results reveal several new candidate genes not previously associated with OA to display significantly higher expression in OA cartilage than in normal donor cartilage, including genes involved in bone formation (CLEC3B, CDH11, GPNMB, CLEC3A, CHST11, MSX1, MSX2) and genes encoding collagens (COL13A1, COL14A1, COL15A1, COL8A2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to report a comprehensive gene expression analysis of human OA cartilage compared to control cartilage from donors lacking macroscopical and microscopical signs of OA using recently developed microarrays containing the whole human genome. Our results could broadly confirm previously published data on many characteristic features of OA as well as adding a panel of genes to the list of genes known to be differentially expressed in OA. Elucidation of the phenotypical alterations occurring in OA chondrocytes is important for the development of effective treatments for OA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. v
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dehne
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindahl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brittberg
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pruss
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sittinger
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ringe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012313:RNA