title: Many sequence-specific chromatin modifying protein-binding motifs show strong positional preferences for potential regulatory regions in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome.
abstract: Initiation and regulation of gene expression is critically dependent on the binding of transcriptional regulators, which is often temporal and position specific. Many transcriptional regulators recognize and bind specific DNA motifs. The length and degeneracy of these motifs results in their frequent occurrence within the genome, with only a small subset serving as actual binding sites. By occupying potential binding sites, nucleosome placement can specify which sequence motif is available for DNA-binding regulatory factors. Therefore, the specification of nucleosome placement to allow access to transcriptional regulators whenever and wherever required is critical. We show that many DNA-binding motifs in Saccharomyces cerevisiae show a strong positional preference to occur only in potential regulatory regions. Furthermore, using gene ontology enrichment tools, we demonstrate that proteins with binding motifs that show the strongest positional preference also have a tendency to have chromatin-modifying properties and functions. This suggests that some DNA-binding proteins may depend on the distribution of their binding motifs across the genome to assist in the determination of specificity. Since many of these DNA-binding proteins have chromatin remodeling properties, they can alter the local nucleosome structure to a more permissive and/or restrictive state, thereby assisting in determining DNA-binding protein specificity.
authors.affiliation: Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, 8900 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
authors.forename: Loren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mariño-Ramírez
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Landsman
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors