title: [Calcium antagonists: current and future applications based on new evidence. Neuroprotective effect of calcium antagonists].
abstract: Voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels have been divided into at least 5 types (L-, N-, T-, P-, and Q-type). L/N-type Ca(2+) channel blocker cilnidipine could reduce the size of cerebral infarction in the rat focal brain ischemia. L-type Ca(2+) channel blocker amlodipine reduced cerebral edema and inhibit neuronal cell death. N-type Ca(2+) channel blocker omega-conotoxin reduce the size of cerebral infarction and inhibit delayed neuronal cell death in hippocampal CA1 area. It is suggested that calcium antagonist has neuroprotective effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D017311:Amlodipine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D051381:Rats; D020960:omega-Conotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D020960:omega-Conotoxins; D017311:Amlodipine; C065927:cilnidipine