title: Circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines and adiponectin in young men with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: This study was designed to investigate plasma circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in young men with type 2 diabetes. New-onset young men with type 2 diabetes (young diabetes, YDM; age between 10 and 25) were recruited and divided into a non-obese group (NOYDM, body mass index, BMI ≦ 25 kg/m(2), N = 23) and an obese group (OBYDM, BMI ≧ 25 kg/m(2), N = 24). Twenty-four non-obese non-diabetic young men served as controls. Hemoglobin A1c, fasting glycemic index, lipids, adiponectin, hsCRP, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were determined. Insulin sensitivity and β-cell function were calculated using the homeostasis model assessment method (HOMA-IR and HOMA-β, respectively). Compared to controls, significantly greater HOMA-IR (7.9 ± 1.9 and 10.4 ± 2.5 vs. 1.5 ± 0.3, P < 0.001) and fasting insulin (103.3 ± 21.1 and 209.9 ± 24.4 vs. 48.5 ± 6.7 pmol/l, P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively) were observed in NOYDM and OBYDM. There were significantly lower plasma adiponectin and higher hsCRP and TNF-α levels in OBYDM, whereas higher TNF-α and IL-6 were shown in NOYDM. Spearman rank correlation analysis demonstrated significant correlations between BMI and adiponectin (R = -0.44, P < 0.005), CRP (R = 0.28, P < 0.05), TNF-α (R = 0.42, P < 0.005) and IL-6 (R = 0.33, P < 0.01) in all YDM. Among measured cytokines, only adiponectin was significantly correlated with HOMA-IR, this correlation was abolished when adjusted for age and BMI (R = -0.24, P = 0.12). YDM not only exhibits insulin resistance, but also has inflammatory and atherogenic properties. BMI might be a major determinant of those markers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Sheng-Chiang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Dee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Chang-Hsun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Fone-Ching
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Chung-Ze
authors.initials: CZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yi-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D016207:Cytokines; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human