title: Withdrawal of immunosuppression in pediatric liver transplant recipients in Korea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We identified pediatric liver transplant recipients with successful withdrawal of immunosuppression who developed tolerance in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among 105 pediatric patients who received liver transplantation and were treated with tacrolimus-based immunosuppressive regimens, we selected five (4.8%) patients who had very low tacrolimus trough levels. Four of them were noncompliant with their medication and one was weaned off of immunosuppression due to life threatening posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder. We reviewed the medical records with regard to the relationship of the donor-recipients, patient characteristics and prognosis, including liver histology, and compared our data with previous reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients received the liver transplantation from a parent donor and one patient from a cadaver donor. A trial of withdrawal of the immunosuppressant was started a median of 45 months after transplantation (range, 14 months to 60 months), and the period of follow up after weaning from the immunosuppressant was a median of 32 months (range, 14 months to 82 months). None of the five patients had rejection episodes after withdrawal of the immunosuppression; they maintained normal graft function for longer than 3 years (median, 38 months; range, 4 to 53 months). The histological findings of two grafts 64 and 32 months after weaning-off of the medication showed no evidence of chronic rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The favorable markers for successful withdrawal of immunosuppression were 1) long-term (> 3 years) stable graft function, 2) no rejection for longer than 1 year after withdrawal of immunosuppression, 3) non-immune mediated liver diseases, and 4) pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Suk-Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hae Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jeong Meen
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Joh
authors.forename: Sung Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Choon Hyuck
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Yon Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choe
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007223:Infant; D007723:Korea; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016559:Tacrolimus