title: Symbiotic role of Glomus mosseae in phytoextraction of lead in vetiver grass [Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.)].
abstract: Lead (Pb) has limited solubility in the soil environment owing to complexation with various soil components. Although total soil Pb concentrations may be high at a given site, the fraction of soluble Pb that plants can extract is very small, which is the major limiting factor for Pb phytoremediation. The symbiotic effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Glomus mosseae was examined on growth and phytoextraction of lead (Pb) by vetiver grass [Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.)]. A hydroponic study, Phase I (0, 1, 2, and 4mM Pb) was conducted followed by an incubation pot study, Phase II (0, 400, 800, and 1200 mg kg(-1) Pb) where vetiver plants were colonized with G. mosseae. The results obtained indicate that plants colonized by the AM fungi not only exhibit better growth (increase in plant biomass), but also significantly increase Pb uptake in root and higher translocation to the shoot at all given treatments. Moreover, plants colonized with AM fungi had higher chlorophyll content and reduced levels of low molecular weight thiols, indicating the ability to better tolerate metal-induced stress. Results from this study indicate that vetiver plants in association with AM fungi can be used for improved phytoextraction of Pb from contaminated soil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Pravin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Punamiya
authors.forename: Rupali
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: Dibyendu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Summer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: Mandakini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Padmini
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D049930:Chrysopogon / Q000378:metabolism*; D003666:Decontamination / Q000379:methods; D055137:Glomeromycota / Q000378:metabolism*; D007854:Lead / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013559:Symbiosis
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007854:Lead