title: The clinical value of chloral hydrate in the routine electroencephalogram.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic yield and clinical impact of chloral hydrate (CH) in the routine EEG.
  
  
  METHODS
  The EEG results and records of all patients receiving CH during routine EEG (CH-EEG) at Mayo Clinic Rochester between 4/1/07 and 9/30/07 (n=216 total; 148 adults) were reviewed for clinical indication, presence of epileptiform abnormalities and EEG duration. The results were compared to an equivalent number of consecutive EEGs performed without CH over the same time period (non-CH-EEGs). The clinical impact of the CH-EEG findings was evaluated by evaluating resulting clinical decisions made in the medical record. Chi-squared analysis was performed for discontinuous data, Student's t-test for continuous data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of EEGs with sleep-specific epileptiform abnormalities (SSEAs) was not statistically different (7.8% CH-EEG vs. 10.5% non-CH-EEG, p=0.34). CH was ordered more often by non-epileptologists than epileptologists (57% vs. 35%, p=0.0004). The mean acquisition time was greater for CH-EEGs (66.9min vs. 55.1min; p<<0.001). CH-EEGs resulted in a change in clinical management in 5/216 (2.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to non-CH-EEGs, CH-EEGs were no more likely to show SSEAs, prolonged the acquisition time, and were associated with changes in clinical care in <3%. Routine use of CH in outpatient EEG is not strongly supported by these data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. britton.jeffrey@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Britton
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kosa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002697:Chloral Hydrate; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D002697:Chloral Hydrate