title: Roles of heterochromatin and telomere proteins in regulation of fission yeast telomere recombination and telomerase recruitment.
abstract: When the telomerase catalytic subunit (Trt1/TERT) is deleted, a majority of fission yeast cells survives by circularizing chromosomes. Alternatively, a small minority survives by maintaining telomeric repeats through recombination among telomeres. The recombination-based telomere maintenance in trt1Delta cells is inhibited by the telomere protein Taz1. In addition, catalytically inactive full-length Trt1 (Trt1-CI) and truncated Trt1 lacking the T-motif and reverse transcriptase (RT) domain (Trt1-DeltaT/RT) can strongly inhibit recombination-based survival. Here, we investigated the effects of deleting the heterochromatin proteins Swi6 (HP1 ortholog) and Clr4 (Suv39 family of histone methyltransferases) and the telomere capping complex subunits Poz1 and Ccq1 on Taz1- and Trt1-dependent telomere recombination inhibition. The ability of Taz1 to inhibit telomere recombination did not require Swi6, Clr4, Poz1, or Ccq1. Although Swi6, Clr4, and Poz1 were dispensable for the inhibition of telomere recombination by Trt1-CI, Ccq1 was required for efficient telomere recruitment of Trt1 and Trt1-CI-dependent inhibition of telomere recombination. We also found that Swi6, Clr4, Ccq1, the checkpoint kinase Rad3 (ATR ortholog), and the telomerase regulatory subunit Est1 are all required for Trt1-DeltaT/RT to inhibit telomere recombination. However, because loss of Swi6, Clr4, Rad3, Ccq1, or Est1 did not significantly alter the recruitment efficiency of Trt1-DeltaT/RT to telomeres, these factors are likely to enhance the ability of Trt1-DeltaT/RT to inhibit recombination-based survival by contributing to the negative regulation of telomere recombination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA.
authors.forename: Lyne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khair
authors.forename: Lakxmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.forename: Bettina A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: Toru M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs / Q000502:physiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034501:Telomere-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C529647:Ccq1 protein, S pombe; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D006570:Heterochromatin; C529645:Poz1 protein, S pombe; D029702:Schizosaccharomyces pombe Proteins; C465958:Swi6 protein, S pombe; D034501:Telomere-Binding Proteins; C104344:taz1 protein, S pombe; C509188:trt1 protein, S pombe; D008780:Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; C112744:clr4 protein, S pombe; D011494:Protein Kinases; D064447:Checkpoint Kinase 2; C456840:rad3 protein, S pombe; D019098:Telomerase