title: Off-axis digital flash photography: a common cause of artefact leukocoria in children.
abstract: Leukocoria, a presenting sign in several significant pediatric ocular conditions, can be artefactually produced by off-axis flash photography in healthy eyes. The authors demonstrate the conditions needed to produce this phenomenon, which is more commonly seen in children due to their larger-sized pupils, photogenicity, and frequent off-axis shots.
authors.forename: Heather C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Pankaj K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: John E A
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Somner
authors.forename: Richard J C
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: Gordon N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Dutton
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010781:Photography; D011681:Pupil Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*