title: Albumin as an adjunct to tracheal occlusion in fetal rats with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: a placebo-controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate effects of intratracheal albumin injection prior to tracheal occlusion (TO) on lung proliferation in fetal rats with nitrofen-induced congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
  
  
  METHODS
  On embryonic day 19, nitrofen-exposed fetuses underwent TO, TO and 50 microL of either intratracheal albumin 20% or saline, or remained untouched. Main outcome at embryonic day 21.5 was expression of the proliferation marker Ki-67. Secondary outcomes were lung-to-bodyweight ratio (LBWR), tropoelastin expression, density and spatial distribution of elastin, pulmonary/alveolar morphometry, and fetal survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TO increased Ki-67 messenger RNA and LBWR. Albumin further increased LBWR and density of Ki-67-positive cells but also fetal mortality. TO with or without adjuncts induced elastin deposits at the tips of arising secondary crests, increased air space size, and decreased septal thickness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TO had effects on lung proliferation and advanced the morphologic appearance. Addition of albumin increased density of proliferating cells and LBWR, yet at the expense of additional fetal loss.
authors.affiliation: Center for Surgical Technologies, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klaritsch
authors.forename: Steffi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Lourenço
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sbragia
authors.forename: Jaan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Toelen
authors.forename: Xenia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Roubliova
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lewi
authors.forename: Jan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Deprest
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005325:Fetal Organ Maturity / Q000187:drug effects; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000601:surgery; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008168:Lung / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014132:Trachea / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen