title: Inhibitory effects of flavonoid glycosides isolated from the peel of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki 'Fuyu') on melanin biosynthesis.
abstract: We found that the acetone extract of the peel of Japanese persimmon (Diospyros kaki 'Fuyu') inhibits melanin biosynthesis in mouse B16 melanoma cells. The activity-guided purification of the extract resulted in isolation of two active compounds, which have been identified as flavonoid glycosides, isoquercitrin (quercetin-3-O-glucoside) and hyperin (quercetin-3-O-galactoside) by spectral analysis. Isoquercitrin and hyperin strongly inhibited the production of melanin (IC(50): 21.7 and 18.2 microM, respectively). The inhibitory effects were found to be mediated by suppression of tyrosinase expression.
authors.affiliation: Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu 504-0838, Japan. kohguchi@giib.or.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohguchi
authors.forename: Chizuru
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Munekazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iinuma
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D029788:Diospyros / Q000737:chemistry*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit; D005960:Glucosides; D008543:Melanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D008543:Melanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C532085:quercetin 3'-O-glucoside; D011794:Quercetin; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase