Estrogen-induced myelotoxicity in dogs: A review.
Exogenous estrogens used for therapeutic purposes or endogenous estrogen sources such as functional Sertoli cell or ovarian granulosa cell tumors may cause bone marrow toxicity in dogs. The condition is characterized by hematologic abnormalities including thrombocytopenia, anemia, and leukocytosis or leukopenia. Despite intensive therapy with blood or platelet-rich transfusions, broad-spectrum antibiotics, steroids, and bone marrow stimulants, prognosis is unfavorable. Due to the the risk of stimulating the development of uterine diseases and the potential for inducing aplastic anemia, estrogen use in dogs is best avoided where possible. This paper describes the causes of estrogen-induced myelotoxicity, the clinical presentation of the patients, the diagnosis, and the treatment options in the dog.
Sontas
Hasan B
HB
Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul University, Avcilar, Turkey. bhsontas@istanbul.edu.tr
Dokuzeylu
Banu
B
Turna
Ozge
O
Ekici
Hayri
H
D000740:Anemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000662:veterinary; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects*; D001855:Bone Marrow Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006487:Hemostasis; D007964:Leukocytosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D011379:Prognosis; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary
D004967:Estrogens