title: Fullerene-C60/liposome complex: Defensive effects against UVA-induced damages in skin structure, nucleus and collagen type I/IV fibrils, and the permeability into human skin tissue.
abstract: We previously reported biological safety of fullerene-C60 (C60) incorporated in liposome consisting of hydrogenated lecithin and glycine soja sterol, as Liposome-Fullerene (0.5% aqueous phase; a particle size, 76nm; Lpsm-Flln), and its cytoprotective activity against UVA. In the present study, Lpsm-Flln was administered on the surface of three-dimensional human skin tissue model, rinsed out before each UVA-irradiation at 4 J/cm(2), and thereafter added again, followed by 19-cycle-repetition for 4 days (sum: 76 J/cm(2)). UVA-caused corneum scaling and disruption of epidermis layer were detected by scanning electron microscopy. Breakdown of collagen type I/IV, DNA strand cleavage and pycnosis/karyorrhexis were observed in vertical cross-sections of UVA-irradiated skin models visualized with fluorescent immunostain or Hoechst 33342 stain. These skin damages were scarcely repressed by liposome alone, but appreciably repressed by Lpsm-Flln of 250 ppm, containing 0.75 ppm of C60-equivalent to a 1/3300-weight amount vs. the whole liposome. Upon administration with Lpsm-Flln [16.7 microM (12 ppm): C60-equivalent] on human abdomen skin biopsies mounted in Franz diffusion cells, C60 permeated after 24h into the epidermis at 1.86 nmol/g tissue (1.34 ppm), corresponding to 0.3% of the applied amount and a 9.0-fold dilution rate, but C60 was not detected in the dermis by HPLC, suggesting no necessity for considering a toxicity of C60 due to systemic circulation via dermal veins. Thus Lpsm-Flln has a potential to be safely utilized as a cosmetic anti-oxidative ingredient for UVA-protection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell-Death Control BioTechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, 562, Nanatsuka, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hisae
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aoshima
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miwa
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D019610:Cytoprotection; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D037741:Fullerenes; D008081:Liposomes; C069837:fullerene C60