title: Cochlear protection from acoustic injury by inhibitors of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and sequestosome 1 stress protein.
abstract: This study evaluated the protective role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitors and sequestosome 1 (Sqstm1/A170/p62), a stress-induced signal modulator, in acoustic injury of the cochlea in mice. Two weeks after the exposure of mice to acoustic stress, threshold shifts of the auditory brainstem response (ABR) from the pre-exposure level and hair cell loss were evaluated. The activation of p38 MAPK was observed in cochlea by immunostaining 4 h after acoustic stress. To examine the role of p38 MAPK in tissue injury, its inhibitors were i.p. injected into male wild-type C57BL mice before the acoustic overexposure. The inhibitors SB202190 and SB203580 but not the inactive analogue SB202474 dose-dependently decreased the auditory threshold shift and outer hair cell loss induced by acoustic overexposure, suggesting the involvement of p38 MAPK in ototoxicity. We found that acoustic overexposure induced the up-regulation of Sqstm1 mRNA expression in the cochlea of wild-type mice and that SQSTM1-deficient mice exhibited an enhanced ABR threshold shift and hair cell loss, suggesting a role of SQSTM1 in the protection of tissue from acoustic stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba 305-8575, Japan. ktabuchi@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Warabi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D003051:Cochlea / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000071456:Sequestosome-1 Protein; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007093:Imidazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071456:Sequestosome-1 Protein; C101343:Sqstm1 protein, mouse; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; C090942:4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(4-pyridyl)imidazole