Evaluation of the efficacy and cross-protectivity of recent human and swine vaccines against the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus infection.
The current pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus remains transmissible among humans worldwide with cases of reverse zoonosis, providing opportunities to produce more pathogenic variants which could pose greater human health concerns. To investigate whether recent seasonal human or swine H1N1 vaccines could induce cross-reactive immune responses against infection with the pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus, mice, ferrets or mini-pigs were administered with various regimens (once or twice) and antigen content (1.77, 3.5 or 7.5 microg HA) of a-Brsibane/59/07, a-CAN01/04 or RgCA/04/09xPR8 vaccine. Receipt of a-CAN01/04 (2-doses) but not a-Brisbane/59/07 induced detectable but modest (20-40 units) cross-reactive serum antibody against CA/04/09 by hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) assays in mice. Only double administration (7.5 microg HA) of both vaccine in ferrets could elicit cross-reactivity (30-60 HI titers). Similar antigen content of a-CAN01/04 in mini-pigs also caused a modest approximately 30 HI titers (twice vaccinated). However, vaccine-induced antibody titers could not suppress active virus replication in the lungs (mice) or virus shedding (ferrets and pigs) of immunized hosts intranasally challenged with CA/04/09. Furthermore, neither ferrets nor swine could abrogate aerosol transmission of the virus into naïve contact animals. Altogether, these results suggest that neither recent human nor animal H1N1 vaccine could provide complete protectivity in all animal models. Thus, this study warrants the need for strain-specific vaccines that could yield the optimal protection desired for humans and/or animals.
Pascua
Philippe Noriel Q
PN
College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea.
Song
Min-Suk
MS
Lee
Jun Han
JH
Park
Kuk Jin
KJ
Kwon
Hyeok-Il
HI
Baek
Yun Hee
YH
Hong
Seung-Pyo
SP
Rho
Jong-Bok
JB
Kim
Chul-Joong
CJ
Poo
Haryoung
H
Ryoo
Thomas S
TS
Sung
Moon-Hee
MH
Choi
Young Ki
YK
D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D001831:Body Temperature; D056738:Cross Protection / Q000276:immunology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005289:Ferrets / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012621:Seasons; D013552:Swine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D013556:Swine, Miniature / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination; D019562:Viral Load
D006388:Hemagglutinins; D007252:Influenza Vaccines