title: Static frictional resistance with the slide low-friction elastomeric ligature system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This ex-vivo study compared the static frictional resistance of a low-friction ligation system against a conventional elastomeric module, and studied the effect of storage in a simulated oral environment on the static frictional resistance of both ligation systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty stainless steel brackets were tested by sliding along straight lengths of 0.018 inch round and 0.019 x 0.025 inch rectangular stainless steel wires ligated with either conventional elastomerics or the Slide system (Leone, Florence, Italy). During the tests the brackets and wires were lubricated with artificial saliva. A specially constructed jig assembly was used to hold the bracket and archwire securely. The jig was clamped in an Instron universal load testing machine. Crosshead speed was controlled via a microcomputer connected to the Instron machine. The static frictional forces at 0 degree bracket/wire angulation were measured for both systems, fresh from the pack and after storage in artificial saliva at 37 degrees C for 24 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of this investigation demonstrated that the Slide ligatures produced significantly lower static frictional resistance than conventional elastomeric modules in the fresh condition and after 24 hours of storage in a simulated oral environment (p < 0.001). Storage for 24 hours in artificial saliva had no effect on the static frictional resistance of conventional elastomeric modules and the Slide system (p = 0.525).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The claim by the manufacturer that the Slide system produces lower frictional resistance than conventional elastomeric modules is upheld.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Orthodontics, UCL Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, London, UK. s.jones@eastman.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Saida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben Bihi
mesh_terms: D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D020724:Elastomers; D017276:Friction; D008422:Materials Testing; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D012464:Saliva, Artificial
chemical_list: D020724:Elastomers; D012464:Saliva, Artificial