title: [Fecal incontinence].
abstract: Fecal incontinence is underestimated in its prevalence. Therapeutic approaches vary; in mild-to-moderate cases, dietary changes and biofeedback sessions accompanied by specific medications can achieve a salutary effect. In cases of severe fecal incontinence, a conservative approach is ineffective and surgical intervention is indicated. However, several technical innovations and devices enable surgeons to offer patients reliable solutions for this functional disorder. While dynamic graciloplasty uses native muscle contraction ability to function as a new sphincter, the artificial bowel sphincter achieves the same goal by an inflatable cuff. A novel approach, which is suitable for selected patients with muscular and neurological defects alike, is the sacral nerve stimulator. It is crucial to choose the right procedure as determined by the underlying pathology.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsspital Basel, Viszeral- und Gefässchirurgie, Spitalstrasse 21, 4031 Basel. chamel@uhbs.ch
authors.forename: Christian T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hamel
authors.forename: Walter R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Marti
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000502:physiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D014463:Ultrasonography