title: Induction of HIV-1-specific cellular and humoral immune responses following immunization with HIV-DNA adjuvanted with activated apoptotic lymphocytes.
abstract: Delivery of DNA encoding foreign antigens into mammalian cells can induce adaptive immune responses. There are currently many DNA-based vaccines in clinical trials against infectious diseases and cancer but there is a lack of adjuvants for improvement of responses to DNA-based vaccines. Here, we show augmented systemic and mucosa-associated B cell responses after immunization with a cocktail of seven different plasmids (3 env, 2 gag, 1 rev, 1 RT) combined with mitogen activated apoptotic syngeneic lymphocytes in mice. In addition we show that apoptotic cells can function as adjuvant for induction of cellular immune responses in a magnitude comparable to the cytokine adjuvant GM-CSF in mice. These data suggest that activated apoptotic lymphocytes can act independent as adjuvants to improve antigen-specific DNA vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brave
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hallengärd
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heidari
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gullberg
authors.forename: Britta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wahren
authors.forename: Jorma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hinkula
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Spetz
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010957:Plasmids; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor