Endocrine disruptors targeting ERbeta function.
Endocrine disruptive chemicals (EDCs) circulating in the environment constitute a risk to ecosystems, wildlife and human health. Oestrogen receptor (ER) alpha and beta are targeted by various kinds of EDCs but the molecular mechanisms and long-term consequences of exposure are largely unknown. Some biological effects of EDCs are mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which is a key player in the cellular defence against xenobiotic substances. Adding complexity to the picture, there is also accumulating evidence that AhR-ER pathways have an intricate interplay at multiple levels. In this review, we discuss some EDCs that affect the oestrogen pathway by targeting ERbeta. Furthermore, we describe some effects of AhR activities on the oestrogen system. Mechanisms as well as potential adverse effects on human health are discussed.
Swedenborg
E
E
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet at Novum, Huddinge, Sweden. elin.swedenborg@ki.se
Pongratz
I
I
Gustafsson
J-A
JA
D000818:Animals; D051784:Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator / Q000502:physiology; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000187:drug effects; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000633:toxicity; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D008731:Methoxychlor / Q000633:toxicity; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000633:toxicity; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D051784:Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Nuclear Translocator; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D008731:Methoxychlor; D010636:Phenols; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds