title: Neospora caninum: early immune response of rat mixed glial cultures after tachyzoites infection.
abstract: Neospora caninum causes neurologic disease in dogs and abortion in cattle. Little is known about the immune response of the CNS against this protozoan. The aim of this study was to evaluate production of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, and NO in rat mixed glial cell cultures infected by N. caninum. IFN-gamma was not observed. The mean cytokine released after 24 and 72 h of infection were 3.8+/-0.6 and 3.7+/-0.6 pg TNF-alpha/mg protein and 2.7+/-0.69 and 4.1+/-0.64 pg IL-10/mg protein, respectively, and more than 8.0 pg IL-6/mg protein for both time points. NO levels increased 24h post-infection (2.3+/-0.8 pg/mg protein) until 72 h (4.2+/-1.1 pg/mg protein) and the number of tachyzoites reduced with the time. Our results show high levels of regulatory cytokines that may suppress the harmful effects of IFN-gamma; high levels of TNF-alpha and NO may represent an effective response by infected glial cells against N. caninum.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Biologia Celular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil. amp1@uol.com.br
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pinheiro
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.forename: C S O
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tardy
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: El-Bachá
authors.forename: M F D
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D018688:Neospora / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase