Controlling of bone morphogenetic protein signaling.
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are multifunctional growth factors and play crucial roles during embryonic development, skeletal development, and cell fate determination. Their signals are transduced from cell membrane to the nucleus through intracellular signaling mediators. At present, different signaling pathways have been identified, and elaborate of network of regulators involved in the signaling control. The aim of the present review is to describe the recent understanding of BMPs signaling with emphasis on the regulation of its signal transduction at extracellular level, intracellular level, Smad-interacting factors in the nucleus, and Smad-independent signaling pathways, respectively.
Zeng
Shan
S
Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410078, China.
Chen
Jia
J
Shen
Hong
H
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D051785:Smad Proteins