Anti-angiogenic perfluorocarbon nanoparticles for diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis.
Complementary developments in nanotechnology, genomics, proteomics, molecular biology and imaging offer the potential for early, accurate diagnosis. Molecularly-targeted diagnostic imaging agents will allow noninvasive phenotypic characterization of pathologies and, therefore, tailored treatment close to the onset. For atherosclerosis, this includes anti-angiogenic therapy with specifically-targeted drug delivery systems to arrest the development of plaques before they impinge upon the lumen. Additionally, monitoring the application and effects of this targeted therapy in a serial fashion will be important. This review covers the specific application of alpha(nu)beta(3)-targeted anti-angiogenic perfluorocarbon nanoparticles in (1) the detection of molecular markers for atherosclerosis, (2) the immediate verification of drug delivery with image-based prediction of therapy outcomes, and (3) the serial, noninvasive observation of therapeutic efficacy.
Caruthers
Shelton D
SD
Washington University School of Medicine and Philips Medical Systems, St. Louis, MO, USA. SCaruthers@cmrl.wustl.edu
Cyrus
Tillmann
T
Winter
Patrick M
PM
Wickline
Samuel A
SA
Lanza
Gregory M
GM
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005466:Fluorocarbons