Biological and clinical markers in colorectal cancer: state of the art.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the World's third most common cancer. Its prognosis is closely related to the disease stage at the time of diagnosis. Here we review the role of clinical biomarkers (tissue, serum, and faecal) in the management of CRC. Molecular studies have recently widened the opportunity for testing new possible markers, but actually, only few markers can be recommended for practical use in clinic. In the next future the hope is to have a complete panel of clinical biomarkers to use in every setting of CRC disease, and at the same time: 1) to receive information about prognostic significance by their expression and 2) to be oriented in the choice of the adequate treatment.
Cappellani
Alessandro
A
Department of Surgery, General and Breast Surgery,University Hospital, Catania, Italy. alecap@unict.it
Di Vita
Maria
M
Zanghi
Antonio
A
Veroux
Pierfrancesco
P
Cavallaro
Andrea
A
Lo Menzo
Emanuele
E
Cacopardo
Bruno
B
Canzonieri
Vincenzo
V
Murabito
Paolo
P
Tirelli
Umberto
U
Berretta
Massimiliano
M
D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000379:methods*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000175:diagnosis
D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules