title: Cerebral and systemic hemodynamic effects of intravenous bolus administration of propofol in neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess variability of systemic hemodynamics and its covariates following bolus propofol administration in (pre)term neonates, and to analyze the effect of propofol on cerebral tissue oxygenation index (TOI) and fractional tissue oxygen extraction measured by near-infrared spectroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In (pre)term neonates, we recorded mean arterial blood pressure (MABP), saturation (SaO(2)), heart rate (HR) and TOI from 5 min before up to 60 min after intravenous bolus propofol (3 mg kg(-1)) administration during elective chest tube removal. Covariate analysis included postmenstrual age (PMA <or= or >37 weeks), postnatal age (PNA <or= or >10 days), comedication (fentanyl +/- midazolam) and congenital cardiopathy (yes/no). Fractional tissue oxygen extraction was calculated as (SaO(2) - TOI)/SaO(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty recordings in 19 neonates were assessed. Following propofol administration, an abrupt, minor decrease in HR and SaO(2) was seen with fast recovery, while MABP decreased up to 1 h. TOI decreased during the first 3 min, reflecting an imbalance between cerebral oxygen delivery and demand. Despite sustained decrease in MABP, TOI then returned to baseline, suggesting a better balance between oxygen delivery and demand. PNA <or=10 days, comedication and absence of cardiopathy were associated with more subtle decreases in cerebral oxygenation and faster recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol-induced decrease in HR, SaO(2) and cerebral oxygenation is short lasting while a decrease in MABP is observed up to 60 min. The variability in the effects of propofol is influenced by PNA, comedication or cardiopathy. Near-infrared spectroscopy can be used to assess hemodynamic effects of hypnotics on the cerebral oxygenation.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. joke.vanderhaegen @ uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Joke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanderhaegen
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Naulaers
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Huffel
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vanhole
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Allegaert
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001775:Blood Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects; D015505:Chest Tubes; D020878:Device Removal; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D010100:Oxygen; D015742:Propofol