title: Functional connectivity for somatosensory and motor cortex in spastic diplegia.
abstract: Functional connectivity (fcMRI) was analyzed in individuals with spastic diplegia and age-matched controls. Pearson correlations (r-values) were computed between resting state spontaneous activity in selected seed regions (sROI) and each voxel throughout the brain. Seed ROI were centered on foci activated by tactile stimulation of the second fingertip in somatosensory and parietal dorsal attention regions. The group with diplegia showed significantly expanded networks for the somatomotor but not dorsal attention areas. These expanded networks overran nearly all topological representations in somatosensory and motor areas despite a sROI in a fingertip focus. A possible underlying cause for altered fcMRI in the group with dipegia, and generally sensorimotor deficits in spastic diplegia, is that prenatal third trimester white-matter injury leads to localized damage to subplate neurons. We hypothesize that intracortical connections become dominant in spastic diplegia through successful competition with diminished or absent thalamocortical inputs. Similar to the effects of subplate ablations on ocular dominance columns (Kanold and Shatz, Neuron 2006;51:627-638), a spike timing-dependent plasticity model is proposed to explain a shift towards intracortical inputs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. harold@pcg.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dixit
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Litkowski
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wingert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen