title: Grid-free interactive and automated data processing for MR chemical shift imaging data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Today's available chemical shift imaging (CSI) analysis tools are based on Fourier transform of the entire data set prior to interactive display. This strategy is associated with limitations particularly when arbitrary voxel positions within a 3D spatial volume are needed by the user. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a processing-resource-efficient alternative strategy for both interactive and automated CSI data processing up to three spatial dimensions.
  
  
  METHODS
  This approach uses real-time voxel-shift by first-order phase manipulation as a basis and therefore allows grid-free voxel positioning within the 3D volume. The corresponding spectrum is extracted from the 4D data (3D spatial/1D spectral) at each time a voxel position is selected. The spatial response function and hence the exact voxel size and shape are calculated in parallel including the same processing parameters. Using this mechanism sequentially along with AMARES time-domain modeling, we also implemented automated quantitative and B (0)-insensitive metabolite mapping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Metabolite maps of N-acetyl aspartate, choline and creatine were generated using (1)H-CSI data from the brain of healthy volunteers and patients with tumor and epilepsy. (31)P-3D-CSI of the heart of a healthy volunteer is also shown.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The calculated metabolite maps demonstrate good stability and accuracy of the algorithm in all situations tested. The suggested algorithm constitutes therefore an attractive alternative to existing CSI processing strategies.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR CNRS No 6612, Faculté de Médecine de Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13385, Marseille Cedex 5, France. yann.lefur@univmed.fr
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Le Fur
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nicoli
authors.forename: Maxime
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guye
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Confort-Gouny
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Cozzone
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kober
mesh_terms: D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D001330:Electronic Data Processing; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001224:Aspartic Acid; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline