title: Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Ehrlichia chaffeensis type IV secretion and Ank proteins.
abstract: The obligatory intracellular bacterial pathogens Anaplasma and Ehrlichia infect leukocytes by hijacking host-cell components and processes. The type IV secretion system is up-regulated during infection. Among type IV secretion candidate substrates, an ankyrin repeat protein of Anaplasma phagocytophilum, AnkA, is delivered into the host cytoplasm via a complex that includes VirD4. AnkA is highly tyrosine phosphorylated and binds to the Abl interactor 1, SHP-1, and nuclear DNA fragments. Ehrlichia chaffeensis AnkA was recently reported to be translocated into host-cell nucleus. The recent discovery of several ankyrin repeat proteins secreted via the type IV secretion system of different intracellular bacteria suggests that a common strategy evolved to subvert host-cell functions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. rikihisa.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rikihisa
authors.forename: Mingqun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D041081:Anaplasma phagocytophilum / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D018469:Ehrlichia chaffeensis / Q000378:metabolism*; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors; C413306:ank protein, Ehrlichia