title: ICC-MY coordinate smooth muscle electrical and mechanical activity in the murine small intestine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Animals carrying genetic mutations have provided powerful insights into the role of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in motility. One classic model is the W/W(V) mouse which carries loss-of-function mutations in c-kit alleles, but retains minimal function of the tyrosine kinase. Previous studies have documented loss of slow waves and aberrant motility in the small intestine of W/W(V) mice where myenteric ICC (ICC-MY) are significantly depleted.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we used morphological and electrophysiological techniques to further assess the loss of ICC around the circumference of the small intestine and determine consequences of losing ICC-MY on electrical activity, Ca(2+) transients and contractions of the longitudinal muscle (LM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In wild-type mice, there was coherent propagation of Ca(2+) transients through the ICC-MY network and spread of this activity to the LM. In short segments of small intestine in vitro and in exteriorized segments, slow waves coordinated smoothly propagating Ca(2+) waves and contractions in the LM of wild-type mice. In W/W(V) mice, Ca(2+) waves were initiated at variable sites along and around intestinal segments and propagated without constraint unless they collided with other Ca(2+) waves. This activity resulted in abrupt, uncoordinated contractions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show how dominance of pacemaking by ICC-MY coordinates propagating con-tractions and regulates the spontaneous activity of smooth muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada School of Medicine, Reno, NV, USA. grant@medicine.nevada.edu
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jokela-Willis
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Bayguinov
authors.forename: H-T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D056885:Interstitial Cells of Cajal / Q000502:physiology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium