Neuroscience, lie-detection, and the law: contrary to the prevailing view, the suitability of brain-based lie-detection for courtroom or forensic use should be determined according to legal and not scientific standards.
The possibility of using neuroimaging to detect deception in legal settings has generated widespread resistance. Many neuroscientists insist the research is flawed science, containing weaknesses of reliability (the degree of accuracy), external validity (do laboratory results predict real-world outcomes), and construct validity (do studies test what they purport to test). These flaws are real, but although using neural lie-detection in non-experimental legal settings is premature, the critics are mistaken in believing that scientific standards should determine when these methods are ready for legal use. Law's goals differ from science's, and the legal suitability of neural lie-detection depends on legal standards and not those determining what good science is.
Schauer
Frederick
F
School of Law, University of Virginia, 580 Massie Road, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA. schauer@virginia.edu
D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008014:Lie Detection / Q000523:psychology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009484:Neuropsychology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000379:methods; D009488:Neurosciences / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014481:United States