title: Relationship of job satisfaction, psychological distress and stress-related biological parameters among healthy nurses: a longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship between job satisfaction, psychological distress, psychosocial processes and stress-related biological factors, and to evaluate whether over time changes of work satisfaction could affect the immunological-inflammatory status of workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and one nurses were enrolled at the Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy. Perceived job satisfaction, psychological distress, and social support were assessed every 4 mo over a 1-yr period using 4 self-reported questionnaires. T lymphocytes CD3, CD4(+), CD8(+), CD8(+)-CD57(+), B lymphocyte CD19(+), NK cells CD56(+), and NK cell activity were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Job satisfaction was associated with reduced psychological distress and was characterized by low cell numbers of CD8(+) suppressor T cells, CD8(+)-CD57(+) activated T cells, CD56(+) NK cells and low IL-6 levels. Over time changes in psychological parameters were related to changes in the immunological-inflammatory variables. Subjects who increased their job satisfaction showed a reduced psychological stress associated with reduced number of CD8(+)-CD57(+) activated T cells and inflammatory cytokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Job (dis)satisfaction is related with psychological mechanisms in stress affecting cellular immune function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology and Innovative Therapies, Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy. m.amati@univpm.it
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amati
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomasetti
authors.forename: Marida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciuccarelli
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mariotti
authors.forename: Lucia Miria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Tarquini
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bracci
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baldassari
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balducci
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alleva
authors.forename: Battista
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Copertaro
authors.forename: Lory
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santarelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology*; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers