title: Fungal growth on anion surfactant medium.
abstract: Before the present study, no fungi using anion surfactant as a nutrient had been identified, although some fungi were known to use nonion surfactant. Washing water collected from 63 washing machines was inoculated onto 0.1% LAS (Sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate) anion surfactant media to identify fungi that can feed on anion-surfactant. Small dark colonies of fungi were found on several of the Petri-dishes from 12 days after inoculation. These were identified as Cladophialophora boppii and Exophiala spinifera using morphological features and rDNA data. A number of the isolates of C. boppii specifically were recognized as using anion surfactant as a nutrient. The growth characteristics of the two fungal species were examined on surfactant media of three kinds. Apart from anion surfactant, the fungi were also able to grow on nonion surfactant and on soap. The application of these fungi for environmental cleansing after detergent pollution is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Osaka City Institute of Public Health and Environmental Sciences, 8-34 Tojo-cho, Tennoji, Osaka 543-0026, Japan. n-hamada@city.osaka.lg.jp
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Niichiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000378:metabolism*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C001114:dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid