title: Methylxanthines and phenolics content extracted during the consumption of mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil) beverages.
abstract: "Chimarrao" and "terere" are popular beverages consumed in South America prepared using mate (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hil.). "Chimarrao" consists of a partial infusion where hot water is added, while "terere" is a total infusion, with addition of cold water. This study was designed to simulate preparation of these beverages for consumption, in order to estimate the total amount of xanthines and phenolic compounds in aqueous extracts that would be ingested by the consumer. Different commercial types of mate were employed for "chimarrao" preparation (native, smooth, traditional, and course-ground), and these were compared to "terere". In "chimarrao", beverages from coarse-ground mate showed the highest levels of xanthines. However, "terere" presented quantities 2.5 times higher than the beverage of the coarse-ground mate. Considering the total phenolics in "chimarrao", there was no difference between the types of herbs, but in "terere", the extraction of almost all of the phenolics was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, PO Box 6121, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Dillenburg
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Meinhart
authors.forename: Carolina Schaper
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bizzotto
authors.forename: Cristiano Augusto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ballus
authors.forename: Ana Cecília
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Poloni Rybka
authors.forename: Merenice Roberto
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sobrinho
authors.forename: Romina Sofia
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Cerro-Quintana
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teixeira-Filho
authors.forename: Helena Teixeira
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Godoy
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000032:analysis; D004326:Drinking; D006801:Humans; D030019:Ilex paraguariensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D013020:South America; D013805:Theobromine / Q000032:analysis; D014970:Xanthines / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D014970:Xanthines; C008514:methylxanthine; D002110:Caffeine; D013805:Theobromine