Repairing skeletal muscle: regenerative potential of skeletal muscle stem cells.
Skeletal muscle damaged by injury or by degenerative diseases such as muscular dystrophy is able to regenerate new muscle fibers. Regeneration mainly depends upon satellite cells, myogenic progenitors localized between the basal lamina and the muscle fiber membrane. However, other cell types outside the basal lamina, such as pericytes, also have myogenic potency. Here, we discuss the main properties of satellite cells and other myogenic progenitors as well as recent efforts to obtain myogenic cells from pluripotent stem cells for patient-tailored cell therapy. Clinical trials utilizing these cells to treat muscular dystrophies, heart failure, and stress urinary incontinence are also briefly outlined.
Tedesco
Francesco Saverio
FS
Division of Regenerative Medicine, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 58 via Olgettina, Milan, Italy.
Dellavalle
Arianna
A
Diaz-Manera
Jordi
J
Messina
Graziella
G
Cossu
Giulio
G
D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology*; D009136:Muscular Dystrophies / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D051787:Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5 / Q000235:genetics; D000072041:PAX3 Transcription Factor; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D012038:Regeneration; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000628:therapy
C497418:Myf5 protein, mouse; D051787:Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5; D000072041:PAX3 Transcription Factor; D051763:PAX7 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; C497322:Pax7 protein, mouse; C068686:Pax3 protein, mouse