title: Relation between first trimester maternal serum leptin levels and body mass index in normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancies--role of leptin as a marker of pre-eclampsia: a prospective case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We measured first trimester plasma leptin concentrations in 37 women who subsequently developed pre-eclampsia and 53 normotensive controls to determine the interrelation between leptin and body mass index (BMI) in both groups. We further investigated the association between the risks for pre-eclampsia with maternal leptin levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bloods samples were collected at 13 weeks. Non-parametric tests, Spearman's correlation, linear regression analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were applied in our data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1 kg/m(2) increase in pre-pregnancy BMI was related to a 2.747 (95% CI: 3.242-2.252) ng/ml rise in leptin concentration among cases and 2.502 (95% CI: 2.873-2.131) ng/ml rise in leptin concentrations among controls. Increased leptin concentration (>or=25.3 ng/ml ) in lean women is associated with a 18.8-fold increased risk of pre-eclampsia (adjusted OR: 18.8, CI: 1.8-194, p = 0.014 ). Leptin treated as a continuous variable is a significant predictor of pre-eclampsia (adjusted OR: 1.08, CI: 1.018-1.133, p = 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased leptin concentration can definitely contribute to the prediction of pre-eclampsia in lean women, but this is not the case in overweight women. Further research in terms of longitudinal case-control studies is required to clarify the predictive value of pre-eclampsia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Tzaneio General Hospital, Pireaus, Greece.
authors.forename: Sofoklis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samolis
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papastefanou
authors.forename: Perikles
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panagopoulos
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galazios
authors.forename: Alexandros
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kouskoukis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maroulis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008423:Maternal Age; D016017:Odds Ratio; D050177:Overweight / Q000097:blood*; D010298:Parity; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000097:blood; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020738:Leptin