title: Lorazepam modulates orbitofrontal signal changes during emotional processing in catatonia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Catatonia is a psychomotor syndrome characterized by concomitant emotional, behavioural and motor symptoms. In many cases clinical symptoms disappear almost immediately with administration of lorazepam, which acts on GABA(A) receptors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we investigated prefrontal activation patterns during emotion processing in catatonic patients with and without lorazepam in a double-blind study design. For emotional stimulation the International Affective Picture System (IAPS) was used. BOLD-signals were determined using regions of interest (ROI) and were statistically compared between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For negative emotional pictures lorazepam induced higher signal decreases in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in catatonic patients than in healthy subjects resulting in a regularization of activity patterns comparable to healthy subjects with placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate disturbances in the functioning of OFC in catatonia. GABAergic modified emotion regulation with decreased inhibition of affective stimuli could lead to the intense emotions reported by many catatonic patients.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Psychiatry (Burghoelzli Hospital), Zurich, Switzerland. andre.richter@puk.zh.ch
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Northoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002389:Catatonia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D012649:Self Concept; D017603:Signal Detection, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D008140:Lorazepam; D010100:Oxygen