[Clinical features of hypersensitivity reactions to oxaliplatin among Chinese colorectal cancer patients].
OBJECTIVE
Oxaliplatin is one of the effective drugs for the treatment of advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions in European and American patients have been reported, but in China there are only a few case reports. This study investigated the incidence rate and characteristics of oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions in Chinese patients with CRC.


METHODS
Clinical data of 109 patients with advanced CRC receiving oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (the XELOX regimen) as first-line therapy were collected and analyzed retrospectively.


RESULTS
Of 109 patients, 13 (11.9%) patients had hypersensitivity. In 546 cycles, 23 (4.2%) cycles involved hypersensitivity. Grade-I,-II, and -III reactions were seen in 13 cycles, 8 cycles, and 2 cycles, respectively, and no grade-IV reaction was observed. Allergic reactions usually occurred at the median time during the fifth cycle (range, the 1st-8th cycle) of oxaliplatin-containing therapy, and the cumulative oxaliplatin dose was 1200 mg (range, 400-1600 mg). Symptoms associated with anaphylaxis appeared 5-360 min (median, 180 min) after oxaliplatin infusion, and were relieved after withdrawing the oxaliplatin infusion and treating with antiallergic drugs. A total of 8 patients continued to receive oxaliplatin therapy after prophylactic administration of antiallergic drugs, such as steroids, and 4 patients did not report persistent allergic reactions. Compared with men, oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions were more commonly seen in women patients (P<0.05), while age, body surface area, performance status, tumor location, and pathologic type showed no significant difference.


CONCLUSIONS
Oxaliplatin-induced allergic reactions occurred in Chinese patients with CRC, and the incidence rate, occurrence time, degree of severity, and clinical outcome were consistent with literature published abroad.
Zhao
Yang
Y
State Key Laboratory of Oncology, South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, People's Republic of China.
An
Xin
X
Xiang
Xiao-Juan
XJ
Feng
Fen
F
Wang
Feng-Hua
FH
Wang
Zhi-Qiang
ZQ
Xu
Rui-Hua
RH
He
You-Jian
YJ
Li
Yu-Hong
YH
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D044466:Asian People; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002648:Child; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D010071:Oxaloacetates; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D010071:Oxaloacetates; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D005472:Fluorouracil