title: Carica papaya (Paw-Paw) unripe fruit may be beneficial in ulcer.
abstract: The anti-ulcer potentials of aqueous (AE) and methanol (ME) extracts of whole unripe Carica papaya fruit were evaluated using ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer models in rats. The effect of the extracts on small intestinal propulsion was also investigated. The extracts significantly reduced the ulcer index in both experimental models (P < .05) compared to the control group. ME showed a better protection against indomethacin-induced ulcers, whereas AE was more effective against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers. The extracts also significantly (P < .05) inhibited intestinal motility, with ME showing greater activity. Oral administration of AE and ME up to 5,000 mg/kg did not produce lethality or signs of acute toxicity in mice after 24 hours. The extracts of unripe C. papaya contain terpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, carbohydrates, glycosides, saponins, and steroids. The cytoprotective and antimotility properties of the extracts may account for the anti-ulcer property of the unripe fruit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. adaobiezike@yahoo.ca
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ezike
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Akah
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Okoli
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ezeuchenne
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ezeugwu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029441:Carica / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts