title: Pregenerative medicine: developmental paradigms in the biology of cardiovascular regeneration.
abstract: The ability to create new functional cardiomyocytes is the holy grail of cardiac regenerative medicine. From studies using model organisms, new insights into the fundamental pathways that drive heart muscle regeneration have begun to arise as well as a growing knowledge of the distinct families of multipotent cardiovascular progenitors that generate diverse lineages during heart development. In this Review, we highlight this intersection of the "pregenerative" biology of heart progenitor cells and heart regeneration and discuss the longer term challenges and opportunities in moving toward a therapeutic goal of regenerative cardiovascular medicine.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charles River Plaza/CPZN 3200, 185 Cambridge Street, Boston, MA 02114-2790, USA.
authors.forename: B Alexander
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Wernet
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D000072576:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000637:transplantation; D012038:Regeneration; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000072576:Homeobox Protein Nkx-2.5; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C095552:NKX2-5 protein, human; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; C523796:Tbx18 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors