title: Jaw bone changes in rats after treatment with zoledronate and pamidronate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to histopathologically evaluate the effects of pamidronate and zoledronate on the mandible in an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Animals were divided into 6 groups (10 per group): control-1 (C1), injected with saline solution for 6 weeks; zoledronate-1 (ZA1), injected with zoledronate for 6 weeks; pamidronate-1 (PA1), injected with pamidronate for 6 weeks; control-2 (C2), injected with saline solution for 8 weeks; zoledronate-2 (ZA2), injected with zoledronate for 8 weeks; and pamidronate-2 (PA2), injected with pamidronate for 8 weeks. No dental procedures were performed on the animals. Rats were killed 2 days after the end of drug therapy, and the posterior and anterior mandible and femur of each rat were evaluated histopathologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological examination revealed inflammation limited to the posterior mandible of the ZA2 and PA2 groups; the anterior mandible and femur were not affected. Soft tissue necrosis was evident in one rat in the ZA2 group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific, bisphosphonate-associated inflammatory bony and soft tissue changes were observed in the mandible, suggesting that these drugs may set the stage for altered healing associated with the development of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey.
authors.forename: Figen Cizmeci
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Senel
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadioglu Duman
authors.forename: Efnan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muci
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cankaya
authors.forename: A Alper
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Pampu
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ersoz
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gunhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D000077268:Pamidronate; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D000077268:Pamidronate