title: Relationship of synovial tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 to temporomandibular disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) to temporomandibular disorder with clinical symptoms such as pain, joint sounds, and mouth opening limitation by analysis of the level of these molecules in the synovial fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with chief complaints of pain, mouth opening limitation, and clicking sounds were selected as the experimental group and compared with 5 healthy subjects. After joint lavage with arthrocentesis, diluted synovial fluid was collected and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was done for analysis of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in 24 experimental patients and 5 healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The synovial levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were elevated in the experimental group compared with the healthy control group, but no significant correlation was established. The synovial levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 were elevated in the acute pain group compared with the chronic pain group, but no significant correlation was established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our analysis of 2 proinflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL-6, in the synovial fluid of temporomandibular disorder patients with symptoms of pain, mouth opening limitation, and clicking, both were elevated without statistical significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea. arcady@ajou.ac.kr
authors.forename: Jeong Keun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Seung Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis*; D019152:Paracentesis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D013016:Sound; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha