title: Association of CASP8 D302H polymorphism with reduced risk of aggressive prostate carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because of the dramatically different clinical course of aggressive and indolent prostate carcinoma (PCa), markers that distinguish between these phenotypes are of critical importance. Apoptosis is an important protective mechanism for unrestrained cellular growth and metastasis. Therefore, dysfunction in this pathway is a key step in cancer progression. As such, genetic variants in apoptosis genes are potential markers of aggressive PCa. Recent work in breast carcinoma has implicated the histidine variant of CASP8 D302H (rs1045485) as a protective risk allele.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested the hypothesis that the H variant was protective for aggressive PCa in a pooled analysis of 796 aggressive cases and 2,060 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The H allele was associated with a reduced risk of aggressive PCa (OR(per allele) = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.54-0.83, P(trend) = 0.0003). The results were similar for European-Americans (OR(per allele) = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.54-0.86) and African-Americans (OR(per allele) = 0.61; 95% CI: 0.34-1.10). We further determined from the full series of 1,160 cases and 1,166 controls in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, Ovarian (PLCO) population that the protective effect of the H allele tended to be limited to high-grade and advanced PCa (all cases OR(per allele) = 0.94; 95% CI: 0.79-1.11; localized, low-grade disease OR(per allele) = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.79-1.23; and aggressive disease OR(per allele) = 0.73; 95% CI: 0.50-1.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that histidine variant of CASP8 D302H is a protective allele for aggressive PCa with potential utility for identification of patients at differential risk for this clinically significant phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lubahn
authors.forename: Sonja I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Berndt
authors.forename: Carol H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klim
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luly
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kibel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis; D044383:Black People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: C505530:CASP8 protein, human; D053181:Caspase 8