title: Plant extract ankaferd blood stopper effect on bond strength.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of Ankaferd Blood Stopper (ABS) on the shear bond strength (SBS) of orthodontic attachments.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study material consisted of 60 freshly extracted bovine permanent mandibular incisor teeth. All teeth were cleaned and randomly divided into three groups of 20 specimens and etched with 37% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds, washed, and air-dried. Teeth in groups 1 and 2 were contaminated with ABS and blood, respectively. Teeth in group 3 were only air-dried. Roth Generous maxillary central incisor brackets were bonded with Transbond XT to all teeth. SBS was applied using a universal test machine. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to determine significant differences in SBS between the three groups, and Tukey honestly significant post hoc test was used to compare subgroups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean bond strengths and standard deviations of groups 1, 2, and 3 were 9.58 +/- 0.95, 4.04 +/- 0.69, and 19.56 +/- 1.84 MPa, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specimens contaminated with blood showed a statistically significant lower in vitro SBS than those contaminated with ABS. ABS may be used clinically for obtaining a blood-free tooth surface during application of the brackets on surgically exposed, impacted teeth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey. goksu.trakyali@yeditepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Goksu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trakyali
authors.forename: M Oguz
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Oztoprak
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood; D002417:Cattle; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000737:chemistry*; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D006490:Hemostatics; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; C539751:ankaferd blood stopper; D014867:Water; D013193:Stainless Steel; C030242:phosphoric acid