title: Retinal vascular events after intravitreal bevacizumab.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To record retinal vascular events following intravitreal bevacizumab injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collaborative multi-centre retrospective case series.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients were documented to have central retinal artery occlusion (four patients), branch retinal artery occlusion, capillary occlusion, central retinal vein occlusion and branch retinal vein occlusion (one patient each) within 0-55 days (median 2 weeks) of intravitreal bevacizumab. All patients had several ocular and systemic risk factors for retinal vascular events: elevated intraocular pressure on discharge (four patients), pre-existent glaucoma (one patient), pre-existent ischaemic retinal vascular disorder (four patients), systemic hypertension (five patients), diabetes mellitus (three patients), coronary artery disease (four patients), carotid disease (three patients), smoking (two patients) and migraine (one patient).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The retinal vascular events may be associated with the underlying ocular disease under treatment or with the underlying systemic disease, may be related to an increased intraocular pressure post-injection constraining further an already poor retinal perfusion, the vasoconstrictor effect of bevacizumab, or a combination of all three.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, American University of Beirut, Rafic Hariri University Hospital, Lebanon. dr.ahmad@cyberia.net.lb
authors.forename: Ahmad M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Leon A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bynoe
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pesavento
authors.forename: Padmamalini
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mahendradas
authors.forename: Focke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ziemssen
authors.forename: Sivakami A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D056965:Injections, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D015356:Retinal Artery Occlusion / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000068258:Bevacizumab