title: Biweekly gemcitabine (GEM) in combination with erlotinib (ERL): an active and convenient regimen for advanced pancreatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreatic cancer remains a disease of high mortality and one of the most frustrating, resistant solid neoplasms to treat. The aim of this study was to evaluate a biweekly gemcitabine plus daily erlotinib regimen in patients with advanced (stage III-IV) pancreatic cancer in terms of overall survival and time to progression of the disease. The secondary aim was to record treatment related toxicities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients with metastatic non-operable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, stage III-IV, consented to receive chemotherapy with gemcitabine and erlotinib. Patients received first-line treatment with gemcitabine (2 g/m(2) via 90 min i.v. infusion every two weeks) and 100 mg erlotinib per os every day, for at least 12 consecutive courses (6 cycles). Treatment was discontinued at disease progression and/or serious toxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The objective response rate was 25.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 11.1-46.3%) and the stable disease rate was 59.3% (95% CI: 38.8-77.6%). The one-year overall survival was 20%. The median overall survival and time to progression at the time of assessment was 7.5 months (95% CI: 3.6-42 months) and 5.5 months (95% CI: 1.5-10 months), respectively. Overall survival and time to progression were related to response (p<0.001), while time to progression was further related to disease stage (p=0.011). No grade 4 haematological or non-haematological toxicities were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The biweekly regimen of gemcitabine plus erlotinib has similar toxicity and efficacy to weekly administration, presenting both patients and hospital resource departments with a clearly more convenient therapy alternative.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Medical Oncology, St. Savvas Anticancer Hospital, Athens, Greece. ardavanis@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Alexandros
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ardavanis
authors.forename: Panteleimon
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kountourakis
authors.forename: Athanassios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karagiannis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Doufexis
authors.forename: Alexandros A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Tzovaras
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rigatos
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D018450:Disease Progression; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D011799:Quinazolines; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D000093542:Gemcitabine