title: Use of biological indicators to assess water quality of the Ul River (Portugal).
abstract: Diatoms and macroinvertebrates have been extensively used as water quality indicators in Europe for the last two decades. In Portugal, the use of biological indicators to assess water quality in rivers has increased greatly. The aim of this work was to assess the water quality and ecological status of the Ul River in order to evaluate its ability for the establishment of a fluvial beach, using periphytic diatoms and macroinvertebrates as indicators. Four sites were selected along the Ul River. At each site, biological, physical, and chemical parameters were investigated. Epilithic diatoms and macroinvertebrates were sampled. The Specific Polluosensitivity Index and the Biological Diatom Index were applied to diatom data, while for macroinvertebrates, the Iberian Biological Monitoring Working Party (IBMWP) was used. According to the results obtained, it was possible to conclude that up to now, this river does not possess the ideal conditions for the establishment of a fluvial beach. We concluded that epilithic diatoms and macroinvertebrates provided consistent information on water quality assessment and can be used as biological indicators of the water quality in Ul River.
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Mar (IMAR), Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal. presende@zoo.uc.pt
authors.forename: Paula Cristina
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Resende
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pardal
authors.forename: Salomé
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Ulisses
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Azeiteiro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D017377:Diatoms / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development; D011174:Portugal; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants