[Evolution of hospital concept in Italy].
Hospital building trade was born before the origin of Healthcare System and followed the complex development of healthcare during all the past years to present day. At the beginning of 700's, when infective pathology was predominant and hygienic conditions was parameter of quality, pavilions structure took place. These hospitals required wide land to be built on, with a high surface area to volume ratio and a horizontal development. There were about 1200-1500 sleeping accommodations in large rooms (ward) where patients were split up. The typical pavilions structure were used until half 900's when it was replaced with a new concept of building trade, the mono-polibloc. They were buildings with vertical development that minimized horizontal distances and operating costs. Every floor has confinement and service rooms and represent a single and autonomous operating unit. Nowadays hospitals building trade point to use the flat-tower model that enhance the distinction between confinement area (with a vertical development-monobloc) and diagnosis, care and services area (with a horizontal development-flat). The challenge we willface in the future is to convert healthcare buildings to other uses like trading centres and services areas, to improve structures' flexibility, to better include them in the context of the urban and natural setting.
Grosso
G
G
Dipartimento G.E Ingrassia-Igiene e Sanità Pubblica Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania.
Contarino
F
F
Biondi
M
M
Mistretta
A
A
D001108:Architecture; D006272:Health Facility Environment; D006749:Hospital Design and Construction; D006757:Hospital Units / Q000458:organization & administration; D006761:Hospitals / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008961:Models, Structural; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care