title: Surface tension of aqueous humor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure and compare the surface tension of aqueous humor in patients with and without glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The surface tension of aqueous humor was measured using a commercially available instrument and software that were validated by using a known fluid (deionized water and methanol). Analysis of aqueous and vitreous samples obtained from 20 rabbit eyes showed that the system could be used successfully for small amounts of ocular fluid. The effect of glaucoma drugs on the surface tension of aqueous humor was then studied in a rabbit model. Comparison of aqueous humor from 66 patients with glaucoma and 53 patients with cataracts but no glaucoma was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The surface tension of rabbit aqueous humor was 65.9 ± 1.2; vitreous, 60.6 ± 2.6; and balanced salt solution, 70.7 ± 0.9. Timolol and latanoprost did not alter the surface tension of the aqueous humor in the rabbit model. The average surface tension of human aqueous humor was 63.33 ± 4.0 (glaucomatous eyes) and 66.19 ± 2.64 (nonglaucomatous eyes with cataracts) (P=0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A technique of measuring the surface tension from small quantities of aqueous humor is validated. Surface tension of the aqueous humor in glaucoma patients was less than that of cataract patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane School of Medicine, Tulane University, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Blake
authors.forename: Ramesh S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ayyala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000737:chemistry*; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D000077338:Latanoprost; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011817:Rabbits; D013500:Surface Tension; D013999:Timolol / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost; D013999:Timolol