title: Rituximab in refractory nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: The aim of this study was to establish the efficacy and safety of rituximab in refractory nephrotic syndrome (NS). Members of the International Paediatric Nephrology Association were asked to retrospectively fill in a questionnaire with details on the use of rituximab in their centres. We divided the data into three groups: group 1, patients with steroid-dependent and frequently relapsing NS; group 2, with steroid-resistant NS; group 3, with post-transplant recurrence of NS. Seventy questionnaires from 25 centres described the outcome of 28, 27 and 15 patients in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Of these, 82% of patients in group 1, 44% of patients in group 2 and 60% of patients in group 3 had a good initial response. Side effects were observed in 27% of the patients, and these were mostly acute reactions. We present a large multicentre series of children with refractory NS. Children in group 1 showed the best response. The good initial response in group 3 can be biased by the accompanying treatments that were administered at the same time as rituximab. Controlled prospective trials are required to establish the value of rituximab in idiopathic NS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Great Ormond Street Hospital-NHS Trust, London, UK.
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prytuła
authors.forename: Kazumoto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Geary
authors.forename: Errol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gottlich
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majeed
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Shamir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuchman
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Camilla
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ognjanovic
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Filler
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tullus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007223:Infant; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009402:Nephrosis, Lipoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000069283:Rituximab; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D000069283:Rituximab