title: Simultaneous determination of quinolones for veterinary use by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection.
abstract: A selective method based on high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ECD) has been developed to enable simultaneous determination of three fluoroquinolones (FQs), namely danofloxacin (DANO), difloxacin (DIFLO) and sarafloxacin (SARA). The fluoroquinolones are separated on a Novapack C-18 column and detected in a high sensitivity amperometric cell at a potential of +0.8 V. Solid-phase extraction was used for the extraction of the analytes in real samples. The range of concentration examined varied from 10 to 150 ng g(-1) for danofloxacin, from 25 to 100 ng g(-1) for sarafloxacin and from 50 to 315 ng g(-1) for difloxacin, respectively. The method presents detection limits under 10 ng g(-1) and recoveries around 90% for the three analytes have been obtained in the experiments with fortified samples. This HPLC-ECD approach can be useful in the routine analysis of antibacterial residues being less expensive and less complicated than other more powerful tools as hyphenated techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Extremadura, Avda. Elvas, S/N, 06071 Badajoz, Spain. maribelro@unex.es
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Cáceres
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guiberteau Cabanillas
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Galeano Díaz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martínez Cañas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012212:Rheology; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D019155:Veterinary Drugs; C068581:danofloxacin; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; C047225:difloxacin; C047224:sarafloxacin