title: Differences in emotional personality traits and stress between sustained hypertension and normotension.
abstract: This study was aimed at determining whether there are differences in emotional personality traits and psychosocial stress between hypertension and normotension. From a large community sample of adults, 14 individuals having hypertension and showing clinic blood pressures (BP) >or=140/90 mm Hg and self-measured BPs >or=135/85 mm Hg (sustained hypertensives) were selected and compared with a sex- and age-matched group of 14 individuals with normotension (clinic BPs <140/90 mm Hg and self-measured BPs <135/85 mm Hg) on measures of trait anxiety, trait depression, trait anger and stress derived from standardized questionnaires. There were no significant differences between hypertensives and normotensives on trait anger, but, in line with hypotheses, the sustained hypertensive group showed higher levels of trait anxiety, trait depression and stress than did the normotensive group. A discriminant analysis revealed that trait depression was the most important psychological variable to discriminate between sustained hypertension and normotension. Results provide support to the hypothesized relationship of emotional personality traits and stress with hypertension, and underscore the need to define hypertension on the basis of both clinic and home/ambulatory BP measurements and to simultaneously evaluate all relevant negative emotional constructs, when conducting research on psychological factors in hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Psicología Clínica, Facultad de Psicología, Campus de Somosaguas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain. mpgvera@psi.ucm.es
authors.forename: María Paz
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: García-Vera
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Espinosa
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fortún
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Magán
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*