title: Effects of sonic scaling on the surface roughness of restorative materials.
abstract: The surface roughness of dental restorative materials has a crucial effect on the health of dental and periodontal tissues as well as for the longevity of restorations. In this study we tested a glass ionomer restorative cement, two nanohybrid resin composites, a flowable resin composite and a silorane-based composite. Twenty cylindrical specimens of each material were prepared, cured, polished and instrumented with a sonic scaler (Alegra ST ZE-55 RM W&H, Austria). The mean surface roughness was recorded using a profilometer (SJ-201, Mitutoyo, Japan) at three stages: before scaling, after scaling and after re-polishing. Additional specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and back-scattered imaging. Data were examined statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc tests at a level of significance of P < 0.05. The profilometric measurements and the SEM evaluation showed that, in most of the materials tested, the surface roughness was significantly increased after sonic instrumentation. After re-polishing the specimens, the roughness values were decreased. Periodontal scaling should include polishing of restorations in order to overcome alterations in surface roughness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mourouzis
authors.forename: Elisabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Koulaouzidou
authors.forename: Leonidas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vassiliadis
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Helvatjoglu-Antoniades
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003764:Dental Materials; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D012534:Dental Scaling / Q000379:methods*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D053761:Nanocomposites; D013010:Sonication; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; C543062:Filtek LS Low Shrink resin; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements