title: Psychiatric disorder in two siblings with hallervorden-spatz disease.
abstract: Hallervorden-Spatz disease (HSD) is a rare autosomal-recessive hereditary disorder characterized by the early onset of progressive movement alterations, including dystonia, rigidity, choreoathetosis, and mental deterioration. HSD is also associated with a variety of psychiatric symptoms, primarily depression and mental deterioration. However, psychosis has rarely been reported as a major symptom of HSD. We report two siblings who presented psychiatric symptoms as major clinical presentations, accompanied by ataxic and spastic gait, dysarthria, and typical neuroimaging findings of HSD. A 14-year-old girl presented complex motor tics, stereotypic behavior and anxiety symptoms. Her older brother, a 16-year-old boy, presented prominent auditory hallucinations, persecutory delusions and social withdrawal symptoms. Psychiatric symptoms were improved after atypical antipsychotic treatment. HSD is a rare disease but should be carefully considered in the diagnosis of patients with both motor disorder and various psychiatric symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Sunwoo
authors.forename: Jeong-Seop
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Won-Hyoung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong-Bum
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Myung-Ji
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In-Hee
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Sun-Myeong
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ock