title: Reduced cell death, invasive and angiogenic features conferred by BRCA1-deficiency in mammary epithelial cells transformed with H-Ras.
abstract: To investigate the role of tumor suppressors BRCA1 and p53 proteins in human breast tumorigenesis, we transformed immortalized human mammary epithelial cells, MCF10A, with or without BRCA1/p53 gene-specific knockdowns. Stable knockdown of BRCA1 alone in MCF10A cells led to centrosome amplification, impaired p53 protein stability, increased sensitivity towards DNA-damaging agents, defective chromosomal condensation at mitosis and elevated protein levels of cyclin D1 and c-myc. While over-expression of mutant H-Ras transformed MCF10A cells, depletion of BRCA1 dramatically enhanced the in vivo tumorigenesis that was associated with higher levels of VEGF, enhanced vascularization and less apoptosis in the BRCA1-deficient Ras-transformed tumors. The Ras-transformed BRCA1-deficient tumors exhibited features of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, appeared to secrete matrix metalloproteases as visualized by in vivo bio-imaging of tumors using fluorescent probe MMP680, and were locally metastatic to lymph nodes. Our results suggest that loss of BRCA1 function may contribute to the aggressiveness of Ras-MAPK driven human breast cancer with associated increase in levels of cyclin D1 and c-myc, enhanced MAPK activity, angiogenic potential & invasiveness. This mammary xenograft tumor model may be useful as a tool to understand human breast tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, as well as to test candidate therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Oncology and Cell Cycle Regulation, Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Arunasalam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navaraj
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Finnberg
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Dicker
authors.forename: Wensheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Matthew
authors.forename: Wafik S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: El-Deiry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019313:BRCA1 Protein / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019313:BRCA1 Protein; C492913:BRCA1 protein, human; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D018631:ras Proteins