title: Adrenal ganglioneuromas: a 10-year experience in a Chinese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adrenal ganglioneuroma (GN) is extremely rare. The present study is to describe the largest series of this adrenal tumor treated in a single medical center to our knowledge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical details, radiologic, laboratory, and pathologic findings as well as follow-up data were analyzed retrospectively in 17 patients with incidentally discovered adrenal GN who received operative resection at a tertiary referral hospital in eastern China between June 1999 and June 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the 17 GN patients was 39.2 years (range, 7-72; male:female ratio, 1:2.4), of whom 13 patients had unilateral GN on the right side, and the remaining 4 on the left side. None of the 17 tumors was hormonally active. Only 6 of the 17 GN cases were diagnosed as benign nerve cell tumors by computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging before operation. Treatment consisted of open unilateral adrenalectomy in 9 patients and laparoscopy in 8 patients. The mean pathologic size of the adrenal GNs was 6.3 +/- 3.1 cm (range, 1.0-13.0). Ultrastructural examination provided additional support for confirming the diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there have been some clues for radiologic diagnosis of adrenal GN, pre-operative mis- and maldiagnosis are not infrequent. We recommend that complete operative resection should be considered once malignancy cannot be excluded by pre-operative evaluation. Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is a reasonable option at least for tumors < or =7 cm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qing
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bin
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Linhui
authors.forename: Liu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bing
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huiqing
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yinghao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005729:Ganglioneuroma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed