title: Mutational screening of 10 genes in Chinese patients with microphthalmia and/or coloboma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To screen ten genes for mutations in 32 Chinese patients with microphthalmia and/or coloboma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was prepared from 32 unrelated patients with microphthalmia (nine probands) and uveal coloboma (23 probands). Cycle sequencing was used to detect sequence variations in ten genes, including BMP4, VSX2, CRYBA4, GDF6, OTX2, RAX, SIX3, SIX6, SOX2, and LRP6. Variations were further evaluated in 96 unrelated controls by using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) or heteroduplex-single strand conformation polymorphism (HA-SSCP) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the ten genes, a novel c.751C>T (p.H251Y) in BMP4 was detected in a patient with bilateral microphthalmia and unilateral cataract. The c.751C>T variation is also present in his healthy brother (and possibly one of the normal parents). In addition, a novel c.608G>A (p.R203Q) in SIX6 was identified in an internal control for optimizing experimental conditions. The internal control was from a girl with typical aniridia and an identified c.718C>T (p.R240X) mutation in PAX6, suggesting the c.608G>A variation in SIX6 was unlikely to play a role in her ocular phenotype. The c.751C>T in BMP4 and the c.608G>A in SIX6 were not present in the 96 normal controls. In addition, 16 nucleotide substitutions, including eight known SNPs and eight new synonymous changes, were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the genetic etiology for microphthalmia and/or coloboma is still elusive, rare variations in the related genes, such as c.608 G>A in SIX6 and c.751C>T in BMP4, may not be causative. These results further emphasize the importance of careful clinical and genetic analysis in making mutation-disease associations.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shiqiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xueshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Xiaoyun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Panfeng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huangxuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Xiangming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Qingjiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001699:Biometry; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002681:China; D003103:Coloboma / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008850:Microphthalmos / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D005136:Eye Proteins