title: ANTI-CD3 therapy expands the numbers of CD4+ and CD8+ Treg cells and induces sustained amelioration of collagen-induced arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the therapeutic potential of anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) for rheumatoid arthritis, using collagen-induced arthritis as an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arthritis was induced in DBA/1 mice by immunization with type II collagen. After disease onset, a single injection of anti-CD3 mAb (20 microg/mouse) was administered, and arthritis severity was monitored over a 10-day period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anti-CD3 mAb treatment resulted in a sustained reduction in disease activity, which was associated with an increase in the proportion of naturally occurring CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ regulatory T (Treg) cells and the generation of a population of CD8+CD25+FoxP3+ Treg cells. Anti-CD3 mAb treatment did not alter the capacity of CD4+ Treg cells to suppress effector T cell proliferation and interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) production in vitro. However, CD4+ Treg cells from both anti-CD3 mAb-treated and control mice were unable to suppress interleukin-17 (IL-17) production. In contrast, CD8+ Treg cells induced by anti-CD3 therapy suppressed IL-17 production as well as CD4+ T cell proliferation and IFNgamma production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that anti-CD3 mAb treatment has important therapeutic potential for rheumatoid arthritis and has the capacity to generate antiarthritic CD8+ Treg cells and expand the relative numbers of CD4+ Treg cells.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Clare A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Notley
authors.forename: Fiona E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: Julia J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Inglis
authors.forename: Richard O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006614:Hindlimb; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D007596:Joints / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D017252:CD3 Complex; C515930:Il17c protein, mouse; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007371:Interferon-gamma