title: Parathyroid hormone-related peptide and primary hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: The parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) has been shown to be the major pathogenic factor to humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM). The presence of PTHrP in many normal tissues and in normal or abnormal parathyroids has been described in literature and its role has been investigated. PTHrP release from parathyroid cells into the extracellular space has been demonstrated to depend on the extracellular calcium concentration. The hormone binds to PTH type 1 Receptor (PTH1R) with a high affinity, as well as parathyroid hormone (PTH). These hormones' amino-terminal (1-34) peptide fragments are considered sufficient to achieve efficient receptor activation and action on mineral ion homeostasis. Generally, diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is based on hypercalcaemia and elevated levels of PTH. The advent of intact-PTH immunoradiometric assay allowed us to distinguish PHPT from non-parathyroid-dependent hypercalcaemia, but the presentation of normal PTH level and hypercalcaemia due to a parathyroid adenoma is possible. The aim of the study is to identify the relationship between the production of PTHrP without malignancy and the diagnosis of PHPT by a systematic review.
authors.affiliation: Section of General Surgery, Department of Applications in Surgery of Innovative Technologies, University Medical School of Bari, Italy. mario.testini@chirgen2.uniba.it
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Testini
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurrado
authors.forename: Germana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lissidini
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piccinni
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Basile
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biondi
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D049950:Hyperparathyroidism, Primary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015592:Immunoradiometric Assay / Q000379:methods; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D044168:Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D044168:Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1; D002118:Calcium