Effects of low concentration biodiesel blends application on modern passenger cars. Part 2: impact on carbonyl compound emissions.
Today in most European member states diesel contains up to 5% vol biodiesel. Since blending is expected to increase to 10% vol, the question arises, how this higher mixing ratio will affect tailpipe emissions particularly those linked to adverse health effects. This paper focuses on the impact of biodiesel on carbonyl compound emissions, attempting also to identify possible relationship between biodiesel feedstock and emissions. The blends were produced from five different feedstocks, commonly used in Europe. Measurements were conducted on a Euro 3 common-rail passenger car over various driving cycles. Results indicate that generally the use of biodiesel at low concentrations has a minor effect on carbonyl compound emissions. However, certain biodiesels resulted in significant increases while others led to decreases. Biodiesels associated with increases were those derived from rapeseed oil (approx. 200%) and palm oil (approx. 180%), with the highest average increases observed at formaldehyde and acroleine/acetone.
Fontaras
Georgios
G
Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, PO Box 458, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Karavalakis
Georgios
G
Kousoulidou
Marina
M
Ntziachristos
Leonidas
L
Bakeas
Evangelos
E
Stournas
Stamoulis
S
Samaras
Zissis
Z
D056804:Biofuels; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
D056804:Biofuels; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D000073878:Palm Oil