title: Rhythmic contraction generates adjustable passive stiffness in rabbit detrusor.
abstract: The length-tension (L-T) relationships in airway and vascular smooth muscles have been shown to adapt with length changes over time. Our prior studies have shown that the active and passive L-T relationships in rabbit detrusor smooth muscle (DSM) can adapt and that DSM exhibits adjustable passive stiffness (APS) characterized by a passive L-T curve that is a function of strain and activation history. The present study demonstrates that passive tension due to APS can represent a substantial fraction of total tension over a broad length range. Our previous studies have shown that maximal KCl-induced contractions at short muscle lengths generate APS that is revealed by increased pseudo-steady-state passive tension at longer lengths compared with previous measurements at those lengths. The objective of the present study was to determine the mechanisms involved in APS generation. Increasing the number of KCl-induced contractions or the duration of a contraction increased the amount of APS generated. Furthermore, a fraction of APS was restored in calcium-free solution and was sensitive to the general serine and threonine protein kinase inhibitor staurosporine. Most importantly, rhythmic contraction (RC) generated APS, and because RC occurs spontaneously in human bladder, a physiological role for RC was potentially identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Richmond, Virginia Commonwealth University, VA 23284-3015, USA.
authors.forename: Atheer M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Almasri
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Ratz
authors.forename: Hersch
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Adam P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Klausner
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Speich
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010507:Periodicity; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014554:Urination
chemical_list: D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019311:Staurosporine; D002118:Calcium