title: DNA-damaging, mutagenic, and clastogenic activities of gentiopicroside isolated from Cephalaria kotschyi roots.
abstract: Gentiopicroside (1) is the major secoiridoid glucoside constituent of Cephalaria kotschyi roots. The mutagenicity, DNA-damaging capacities, and clastogenicity of this molecule were evaluated by the Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay (Ames test) on tester strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, and TA102, the alkaline comet assay, and the micronucleus assay on CHO cells. All tests were performed with and without the metabolization mixture, S9 mix. In the Ames test, the mutagenicity of 1 was limited to TA102 without S9 mix (2.3 rev microg(-1)). The genotoxicity was more evident without S9 mix (0.78 OTMchi(2) units microg(-1) mL) than with the metabolic mixture (0.16 OTMchi(2) units microg(-1) mL) with the comet assay. Similarly, the clastogenicity without S9 mix was 0.99 MNC microg(-1) mL and 0.38 MNC microg(-1) mL with S9 mix in the micronucleus assay. The interaction of 1 with DNA is probably through the involvement of oxidative DNA lesions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Pharmacognosie, Ethnopharmacologie et Homeopathie, UMR-MD3, Universite de la Mediterranee, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Khuraman
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mustafayeva
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Giorgio
authors.forename: Riad
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: Yusif
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kerimov
authors.forename: Evelyne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ollivier
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Méo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D049917:Dipsacaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005960:Glucosides; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D009153:Mutagens; C012997:gentiopicroside