title: Determinates of underutilization of amniocentesis among Israeli Arab women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the determinants of amniocentesis underutilization among Israeli Arab Muslim women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant women referred for amniocentesis (n = 476) were identified through family health centers (FHCs). Data on sociodemographic characteristics, knowledge of prenatal testing, and attitudes toward termination of pregnancy (TOP) were collected through interviews and from medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all women eligible for amniocentesis free of charge, only 17.9% (95% CI: 14.7-21.6) underwent the test. Women referred as a result of advanced maternal age underwent the test less often than those referred for other indications [13.5% and 25.0%, respectively, (p = 0.002)]. In multivariate analyses, determinants for amniocentesis underutilization among women referred for advanced maternal age were: being religious [OR 2.71 (95% CI 1.04-7.01)], perceiving amniocentesis a risky procedure [OR 3.25 (95% CI 1.28-8.20)], spouse's opposing TOP [OR 3.73 (95% CI 1.48-9.37)], less advanced age [OR 0.74 (95% CI 0.58-0.94)] and being a housewife [OR 2.59 (95% CI 0.96-6.95)]. In women referred for other reasons poor accessibility [OR 5.49 (95% CI 1.50-20.05)], perceiving amniocentesis a risky procedure [OR 3.45 (95% CI 1.17-10.17)] and spouse's opposing TOP [OR 7.47 (95% CI 2.46-22.63)] were the significant determinants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Any program aimed at increasing amniocentesis uptake among Muslim women should be directed to both partners and should emphasize the low risk for miscarriage following the test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Tel Aviv, Israel.
authors.forename: Khitam
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muhsen
authors.forename: Wasef
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Na'amnah
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lesser
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Volovik
authors.forename: Dani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Tamy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shohat
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018912:Arabs; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D011247:Pregnancy