title: The effect of routine vaccination on invasive pneumococcal infections in Canadian children, Immunization Monitoring Program, Active 2000-2007.
abstract: Active surveillance was conducted by the 12 centers of the Canadian Immunization Monitoring Program, Active from 2000-2007 in children 16 years of age and younger to determine the influence of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate immunization programs on the prevalence, serotype and antibiotic resistance patterns of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The absolute number of reported IPD cases decreased 48% (p<0.01) over the 8-year period and 56% (p<0.01) in children 0-4 years of age. The absolute number of reported IPD cases caused by serotypes in the conjugate vaccine decreased 87.5% (p<0.01) overall and 92% (p<0.01) in children 0-4 years. Although 6 non-vaccine serotypes increased over time, only serotype 19A increased significantly (p<0.01). Overall, the proportion of penicillin resistant isolates remained unchanged at 17%. Cefotaxime/ceftriaxone resistance remained unchanged at 2% of isolates annually. Universal pneumococcal conjugate infant immunization programs have dramatically decreased cases of invasive pneumococcal disease.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Evaluation Center, BC Children's Hospital and the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. jbettinger@cw.bc.ca
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bettinger
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Scheifele
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kellner
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Halperin
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vaudry
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tyrrell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines