title: Evaluation of Myanmar medicinal plant extracts for antitrypanosomal and cytotoxic activities.
abstract: Current chemotherapeutic options for African trypanosomiasis in humans and livestock are very limited. In the present study, a total of 71 medicinal plant specimens from 60 plant species collected in Myanmar were screened for antitrypanosomal activity against trypomastigotes of Trypanosoma evansi and cytotoxicity against MRC-5 cells in vitro. The methanol extract of dried rootbark of Vitis repens showed the highest antitrypanosomal activity with IC(50) value of 8.6 +/- 1.5 microg/ml and the highest selectivity index of 24.4. The extracts of Brucea javanica, Vitex arborea, Eucalyptus globulus and Jatropha podagrica had also remarkable activity with IC(50) values and selectivity indices in the range of 27.2-52.6 microg/ml and 11.4-15.1 respectively.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Parasitology, Department of Disease Control, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University.
authors.forename: Saw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bawm
authors.forename: Saruda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiwananthagorn
authors.forename: Kyaw San
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Lat Lat
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Htun
authors.forename: Ni Ni
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Maw
authors.forename: Tin Tin
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Myaing
authors.forename: Nyunt
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Phay
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Yuzaburo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oku
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katakura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D002052:Myanmar; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018517:Plant Roots; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000187:drug effects; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents