Mesenchymal stem cells accelerate bone allograft incorporation in the presence of diabetes mellitus.
Allograft (Allo) incorporation in the presence of a systemic disease like diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming a major issue in the orthopedic community. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stem cells that may be derived from adult, whole bone marrow and have been shown to induce bone formation in segmental defects when combined with the appropriate carrier/scaffold. The objectives of this study were to analyze the effect of DM upon Allo incorporation in a segmental rat femoral defect and to also investigate MSC augmentation of Allo incorporation. Segmental (5 mm) femoral defects were created in non-DM and DM rats and treated with Allo containing demineralized bone matrix (DBM) or DBM with MSC augmentation. Histological scoring at 4 weeks demonstrated less mature bone in the DM/DBM group compared to its non-DM counterpart (p < 0.001). However, there was significantly more mature bone in the DM/MSC group when compared to the DM/DBM group at both 4 and 8 weeks (p < 0.001 and p = 0.004). Furthermore, significantly more bone formation was observed in the DM/MSC group compared to the DM/DBM group at the 4-week time point (p < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that MSC are a potential adjunct for bone regeneration when implanted in an orthotopic site in the presence of DM.
Breitbart
Eric A
EA
Department of Orthopaedics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Medical School and Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, , Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA. breitber@gmail.com
Meade
Sharonda
S
Azad
Vikrant
V
Yeh
Sloane
S
Al-Zube
Loay
L
Lee
Yee-Shuan
YS
Benevenia
Joseph
J
Arinzeh
Treena Livingston
TL
Lin
Sheldon S
SS
D000818:Animals; D018775:Bone Demineralization Technique; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology; D010027:Osteotomy; D051381:Rats; D011913:Rats, Inbred BB; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous