title: A comparison of inhalation sedation agents in the management of children receiving dental treatment: a randomized, controlled, cross-over pilot trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  First, to compare the relative effectiveness of inhalation sedation using (A) nitrous oxide and oxygen with (B) nitrous oxide, sevoflurane, and oxygen in the management of children receiving dental extractions. Secondly, to determine patient and guardian preference between the two sedation techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled, double-blinded, cross-over, pilot clinical trial was undertaken. Thirty patients aged 6-15 years, ASA category I or II, who required two identical dental extractions with inhalation sedation were recruited. At the first session, patients were randomly allocated to receiving treatment with sedation Method A or B. At the second session, the alternative sedation protocol was employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 80% of patients successfully completed treatment at both appointments. There was no statistically significant difference between either the success rate of the two methods or in guardian preference between the two modes of sedation. There was a statistically significant difference in patient preference in favour of Method B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this pilot study would suggest no increased benefit, in terms of treatment completion, from the additional use of sevoflurane in combination with nitrous oxide and oxygen. There was, however, a small but significant patient preference in favour of nitrous oxide with sevoflurane and oxygen.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Paediatric Dentistry, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, Dundee, UK. frankie_italia@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Soldani
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manton
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Stirrups
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cumming
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019140:Dental Care for Children; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D057240:Patient Preference; D010865:Pilot Projects; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide; D010100:Oxygen