title: Differential expression of thiamine biosynthetic genes in yeast strains with high and low production of hydrogen sulfide during wine fermentation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Release of hydrogen sulfide by fermenting yeast is a potential problem in wine production, because of its strong organoleptic impact. To identify the genetic determinants of sulfide production, we compared the transcriptomes of two wine yeast strains with similar oenological properties, but with very different levels of sulfide production, UDC522 (high sulfide producer) and P29 (low producer).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Oenological microfermentations were sampled at the peak production of sulfide. Transcription profiles of the two strains were analysed by three methods, a cDNA-based array, an oligonucleotide-based array and qRT-PCR analysis of selected transcripts. Less than 10% of yeast genes showed significant differences between the two strains. High sulfide production correlated with a general overexpression of thiamine biosynthesis genes, whereas genes linked to the catabolism of sulfur-containing compounds (like amino acids) showed no significant expression differences between both strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest a relationship between the thiamine biosynthetic pathway and sulfide production during wine fermentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides a first hint which indicates that for some yeast strains, biosynthesis of thiamine (and perhaps of other sulfur-containing compounds) may be more relevant than the general nitrogen metabolism in explaining sulfide production by some yeast strains during vinification, defining new targets for genetic improvement of wine yeast strains.
authors.affiliation: Institut Català de Vinya i el Vi, Plaça Àgora, Pol. Ind. Domenys II, Vilafranca del Penedès, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bartra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campamà
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piña
mesh_terms: D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013831:Thiamine / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D013831:Thiamine; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide