title: Effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of temporomandibular disorders of muscular origin: a systematic review of the last decade.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effectiveness of using acupuncture treatment for temporomandibular disorders (TMD) of muscular origin according to research published in the last decade.
  
  
  METHODS
  The information was gathered using the MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CISCOM databases. The inclusion criteria for selecting the studies were the following: (1) only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected; (2) studies had to be carried out on patients with TMD of muscular origin; (3) studies had to use acupuncture treatment; and (4) studies had to be published in scientific journals between 1997 and 2008. Two (2) independent reviewers analyzed the methodological quality of the studies using the Delphi list. A total of four RCTs were chosen once the methodological quality was judged as being acceptable. All of the studies included in the review compared the acupuncture treatment with a placebo treatment. All of them described results that were statistically significant in relation to short-term improvement of TMD signs and symptoms of a muscular origin, except one of the analyzed studies that found no significant difference between acupuncture and sham acupuncture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the authors' opinion, research into the long-term effects of acupuncture in the treatment of TMD is needed. We also recommend larger samples sizes for future studies, so the results will be more reliable.
authors.affiliation: Program in Orofacial Pain and Craniomandibular Disorders, San Pablo CEU University, Madrid, Spain. roylatouche@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: La Touche
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Angulo-Díaz-Parreño
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: de-la-Hoz
authors.forename: Josué
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fernández-Carnero
authors.forename: Hong-You
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Linares
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mesa
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Gutiérrez
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*