title: [Inhibiting effect of letrozole combined with curcumin on xenografted endometrial carcinoma growth in nude mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Letrozole is an aromatase inhibitor that is used in the treatment of estrogen-sensitive tumors such as endometrial carcinoma, however, its therapeutic effect is still to be further improved. It is reported that curcumin has antitumor capability and can enhance the sensitivity of tumor cells to anticancer agents. This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of letrozole combination with curcumin on the implanted endometrial tumor growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nude mice were implanted with endometrial carcinoma RL-952 cells. All tumor-bearing mice were randomly divided into 5 groups: control(without treatment), Let(1) (letrozole, 1 microg/d), Let(10) (letrozole, 10 microg/d), Cur [ curcumin, 300 mg/kg.d)], and Let + Cur group [10microg/d letrozole + 50mg/ (kg.d) curcumin]. The tumor growth was monitored. Tumor cells apoptosis was detected in both control and treated groups. The expressions of bcl-2 mRNA and bcl-2 protein were detected using RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty mice were successfully implanted with the endometrial tumor. Treatment with letrozole markedly inhibited tumor growth; the inhibitory effect was further enhanced by the combination of letrozole and curcumin. The inhibitory rates in Let (1), Let (10), the Cur, and the Let + Cur groups were 15.95%, 22.49%, 21.57%, and 35.89%, respectively. Treatment with curcumin inhibited the expression of bcl-2 in tumor cells at the mRNA and protein levels. The apoptosis rates in the control group and the four experimental groups mentioned above were 16.97%, 32.90%, 35.80%, 34.16%, and 47.24%, respectively. Tumor cells apoptosis were observed in mice treated with either letrozole or curcumin; however, combination of letrozole and curcumin further enhanced the inhibitory rate in tumor growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with letrozole or curcumin could inhibit the xenografted endometrial tumor growth by inducing apoptosis in tumor cells. Combination of letrozole and curcumin further enhanced the inhibitory effect of tumor growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing University School of Medicine,Nanjing, Jiangsu 210002, People's Republic of China. yuanjiao1965@126.com
authors.forename: Yuan-Jiao
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Hui-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Zhe
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hao
authors.forename: Jian-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ya-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003474:Curcumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077289:Letrozole; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009570:Nitriles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D009570:Nitriles; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D014230:Triazoles; D000077289:Letrozole; D003474:Curcumin