title: Common genetic variation in the sex hormone metabolic pathway and endometrial cancer risk: pathway-based evaluation of candidate genes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Estrogen plays a major role in endometrial carcinogenesis, suggesting that common variants of genes in the sex hormone metabolic pathway may be related to endometrial cancer risk. In support of this view, variants in CYP19A1 [cytochrome P450 (CYP), family 19, subfamily A, polypeptide 1] have been associated with both circulating estrogen levels and endometrial cancer risk. Associations with variants in other genes have been suggested, but findings have been inconsistent.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 36 sex hormone-related genes using a tagging approach in a population-based case-control study of 417 endometrial cancer cases and 407 controls conducted in Poland. We evaluated common variation in these genes in relation to endometrial cancer risk using sequential haplotype scan, variable-sized sliding window and adaptive rank-truncated product (ARTP) methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our case-control study, the strongest association with endometrial cancer risk was for AR (androgen receptor; ARTP P = 0.006). Multilocus analyses also identified boundaries for a region of interest in AR and in CYP19A1 around a previously identified susceptibility loci. We did not find evidence for consistent associations between previously reported candidate single-nucleotide polymorphisms in this pathway and endometrial cancer risk.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, we identified regions in AR and CYP19A1 that are of interest for further evaluation in relation to endometrial cancer risk in future haplotype and subsequent fine mapping studies in larger study populations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA. yanghan@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Hannah P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gonzalez Bosquet
authors.forename: Qizhai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Platz
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Brinton
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: James V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: Mia M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gaudet
authors.forename: Laurie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Burdette
authors.forename: Jonine D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.forename: Julia G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ciampa
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lissowska
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peplonska
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Closas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D004967:Estrogens; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D001141:Aromatase; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1