title: Secondary hypertension in overweight and stage 1 hypertensive children: a Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium report.
abstract: According to the Fourth Report on the Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents, stage 1 hypertension is often primary in origin and associated with overweight. In contrast, stage 2 hypertension is more often secondary in origin and, hence, requires more extensive evaluation according to task force recommendations. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate whether the presence of stage 1 hypertension in overweight pediatric patients precludes workup for secondary hypertension (SH). This study included children (5-18 years) with hypertension (defined and staged per task force recommendations) referred to 4 pediatric nephrology centers in the Midwest region. Of the 246 referred patients, 166 patients with primary hypertension (PH) and SH were included for body mass index and hypertension stage analysis. The study revealed no significant differences in the mean age at diagnosis (PH, 13.1+/-3.1 years; SH, 12.4+/-3.8 years), distribution of overweight (PH, 89.4% BMI >85th percentile; SH, 80% BMI >85th percentile), and stage 1 (PH, 45%; SH, 40%) or 2 hypertensive (PH,55%; SH, 60%) children between PH vs SH. Overweight and presence of stage 1 hypertension should not preclude evaluation for SH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48236, USA. gkapur@med.wayne.edu
authors.forename: Gaurav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kapur
authors.forename: Maheen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsnefes
authors.forename: Myra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Tej K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Mattoo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D050177:Overweight / Q000150:complications*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index