title: Avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass in extracardiac cavopulmonary connection: does it really matter?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effect of avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass on the early outcome variables after fenestrated extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 2001 and January 2009, 102 patients with univentricular heart physiology underwent fenestrated extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection. Patients were divided into one of 2 groups: the cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 48) group and the no cardiopulmonary bypass (n = 54) group. In both groups there were patients with primary and staged fenestrated extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection. Duration of mechanical ventilation, pleural effusion, hemodynamic status, incidence of arrhythmia, and mortality were compared between the 2 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups were matched, except for more cases of tricuspid atresia in the no cardiopulmonary bypass group (P = .014) compared with other diagnostic morphologies and higher preoperative hemoglobin levels in the no cardiopulmonary bypass group (P = .01). Avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass did not reveal any significant effect on postoperative outcomes. A cardiopulmonary bypass time of more than 120 minutes caused not only a meaningful increase in the mean of mechanical ventilation duration (35 +/- 9.6 vs 13 +/- 2.1 hours, P = .026) but also increased the incidence of mechanical ventilation for more than 12 hours (P = .04). Bypass time of more than 120 minutes did not have influence on any other postoperative variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass in fenestrated extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection had no direct effect on the early outcome variables.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Imam Hospital, Tehran, Iran. manavabish@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Navabi
authors.forename: Saideh M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rastegar
authors.forename: Abdolrazagh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiani
authors.forename: Mahmood Gholam Ale
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mohammad
authors.forename: Parvin Akbari
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Asbagh
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mirzaaghayan
authors.forename: Ali Pasha
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Meysamie
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shabanian
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018610:Heart Bypass, Right / Q000009:adverse effects; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010166:Palliative Care; D018579:Patient Selection; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000209:etiology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome