title: Antiulcerogenic activity of extract, fractions,  and some compounds obtained from Polygala cyparissias  St. Hillaire & Moquin (Polygalaceae).
abstract: The present study evaluates the gastroprotective properties of acetone extract, chloroform, and methanol fractions, alpha-spinasterol (1); 1,3-dihydroxy-7-methoxyxanthone (2); and 1,7-dihydroxy-2,3-methylenedioxyxanthone (3) obtained from Polygala cyparissias (Polygalaceae). Gastroprotective assays were performed in mice using ethanol/HCl and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)/bethanechol-induced ulcer models. Chloroformic fraction showed no interesting results. On the other hand, in the ethanol/HCl-induced ulcer model, the treatment using doses of 50, 125, and 250 mg/kg promoted ulcer inhibition of 45.19+/-12.93%, 62.99+/-3.49%, and 67.40+/-4.75% for acetone extract and 43.70+/-5.12%, 64.56+/-5.64%, and 74.49+/-6.13% for methanol fraction. In the model of NSAID/bethanechol-induced ulcer, the ulcer inhibitions in the same doses were 28.12+/-12.45%, 60.16+/-6.58%, and 77.86+/-7.18% for the acetone extract and 46.09+/-6.92%, 67.45+/-4.36%, and 75.00+/-2.92% for the methanol fraction. In view of the antiulcer potential of the acetone extract and its high yield and xanthone content, it was submitted to chromatographic procedures, giving compounds 1-3, which were also evaluated in the ethanol-induced ulcer model. The results showed that at a dose of 50 mg/kg, these compounds reduced the percentage of ulcer by around 71.26+/-9.40%, 81.10+/-5.75%, and 86.22+/-3.42%, for compounds 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The antiulcerogenic activity of P. cyparissias may be attributed, at least in part, to these compounds.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Mestrado em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, UNIVALI, Rua Uruguai, 458, Itajaí, Santa Catarina 88302-202, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Renan Becker
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Gandolfi
authors.forename: José Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Santin
authors.forename: Marivane
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Valdir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cechinel Filho
authors.forename: Sérgio Faloni
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: de Andrade
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018723:Bethanechol; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D029608:Polygalaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C120436:1,7-dihydroxy-2,3-dimethoxyxanthone; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones; D018723:Bethanechol; C031312:spinasterol; D000431:Ethanol; C018087:isogentisin; D013265:Stigmasterol; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid