Dissipation and metabolism of (14)C-spiroxamine in soil under laboratory condition.
Spiroxamine [SPX] belongs to a spiroketalamine group of substances. The biodegradation of [1,3-dioxolane-4-(14)C]-SPX has been examined in 2 soils of different physicochemical properties. The total recovery of radioactivity from soils was 98.6-103.5% of that applied. The total amount of extractable radioactivity declined with a simultaneous increase in non-extractable radioactivity. Volatile organics were detected at lower levels; however, mineralization played a marked effect on the route of SPX dissipation. The half-life ranges between 37 and 44 d. SPX does not undergo any enantioselective degradation. 4 metabolites: despropyl-SPX, desethyl-SPX, SPX N-oxide and SPX acid were identified, applying mass spectrometric technique. Sorption-desorption data fitted well with a Freundlich model in log form (r(2), 0.99). K(Dsorp) ranged between 44 and 230, suggesting SPX ought to be considered as a substance with low leaching potential [groundwater ubiquity score (GUS), <1.8]. Furthermore, an overall low desorption of 1-11% indicates firm retention of SPX by the soils.
Sukul
Premasis
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Institute of Environmental Research (INFU), TU Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44221 Dortmund, Germany. M.Spiteller@infu.uni-dortmund.de
Zühlke
Sebastian
S
Lamshöft
Marc
M
Rosales-Conrado
Noelia
N
Spiteller
Michael
M
D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006207:Half-Life; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C510887:spiroxamine