title: Ceftiofur resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg from chicken meat and humans, Canada.
abstract: The Canadian Integrated Program for Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance describes a strong correlation (r = 0.9, p<0.0001) between ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Heidelberg isolated from retail chicken and incidence of ceftiofur-resistant Salmonella serovar Heidelberg infections in humans across Canada. In Quebec, changes of ceftiofur resistance in chicken Salmonella Heidelberg and Escherichia coli isolates appear related to changing levels of ceftiofur use in hatcheries during the study period, from highest to lowest levels before and after a voluntary withdrawal, to increasing levels after reintroduction of use (62% to 7% to 20%, and 34% to 6% to 19%, respectively). These events provide evidence that ceftiofur use in chickens results in extended-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in bacteria from chicken and humans. To ensure the continued effectiveness of extended-spectrum cephalosporins for treating serious infections in humans, multidisciplinary efforts are needed to scrutinize and, where appropriate, limit use of ceftiofur in chicken production in Canada.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Agency of Canada, Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada. lucie_dutil@phac-aspc.gc.ca
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dutil
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Finley
authors.forename: Lai King
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Avery
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boerlin
authors.forename: Anne Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bourgault
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daignault
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Desruisseau
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Demczuk
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hoang
authors.forename: Greg B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Horsman
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacagnella
authors.forename: Dylan R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pillai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D011792:Quebec / Q000453:epidemiology; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; C053503:ceftiofur