Rational design of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors.
Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an important therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases such as cancer that involve pathological immune escape. We have used the evolutionary docking algorithm EADock to design new inhibitors of this enzyme. First, we investigated the modes of binding of all known IDO inhibitors. On the basis of the observed docked conformations, we developed a pharmacophore model, which was then used to devise new compounds to be tested for IDO inhibition. We also used a fragment-based approach to design and to optimize small organic molecule inhibitors. Both approaches yielded several new low-molecular weight inhibitor scaffolds, the most active being of nanomolar potency in an enzymatic assay. Cellular assays confirmed the potential biological relevance of four different scaffolds.
Röhrig
Ute F
UF
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Awad
Loay
L
Grosdidier
Aurélien
A
Larrieu
Pierre
P
Stroobant
Vincent
V
Colau
Didier
D
Cerundolo
Vincenzo
V
Simpson
Andrew J G
AJ
Vogel
Pierre
P
Van den Eynde
Benoît J
BJ
Zoete
Vincent
V
Michielin
Olivier
O
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015195:Drug Design; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007737:Kynurenine / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008958:Models, Molecular; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000378:metabolism
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D007737:Kynurenine; D014364:Tryptophan