title: Infrequent amplification of JUN in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether JUN (the oncogene encoding c-Jun protein) is amplified and overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA copy number aberrations were investigated using a high-density oligonucleotide microarray. DNA copy numbers were determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Genomic DNA and mRNA were quantified using real-time quantitative PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A novel amplification was found at the chromosomal region 1p32-31 in a JHH-2 HCC cell line within which JUN is amplified and overexpressed. However, no copy number gain of JUN (>2-fold) was observed in 34 primary HCC tumors. Rather, a loss of JUN (<0.5-fold) was seen in 13 (38%) out of the 34 tumors and expression of JUN was significantly lower in 26 (70%) out of the 37 HCC tumors compared with their nontumorous counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although JUN was amplified and overexpressed in JHH-2 HCC cells, amplification and overexpression of JUN may be rare in primary HCCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Kohichiroh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gen
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dohi
authors.forename: Keika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zen
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitsuyoshi
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniwaki
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arii
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okanoue
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics; D005784:Gene Amplification; D018628:Gene Dosage; D016758:Genes, jun; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured