title: Predictors of psychiatric disorders following traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate predictors of posttraumatic brain injury psychiatric disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, cross-sectional design with stratified random sampling of groups of patients on average 1 to 5 years postinjury. DSM-based diagnostic interviews of both traumatic brain injury (TBI) participant and informant.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred community-based participants, aged 19-74 years, with traumatic brain injury sustained 0.05-5.5 years previously.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-based patients previously treated at a rehabilitation hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A psychiatric history was a high-risk factor for having the same disorder postinjury. However, the majority of cases of depression and anxiety were novel, suggesting that significant factors other than pre-TBI psychiatric status contribute to post-TBI psychiatric outcome. Female gender, lower education, and pain were also associated with postinjury depression and unemployment and older age with anxiety.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that long-term screening and support are important for individuals with TBI, regardless of preinjury psychiatric status.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Rochelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Whelan-Goodinson
authors.forename: Jennie Louise
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ponsford
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schönberger
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010146:Pain; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D014478:Unemployment