title: Quantitative assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness, skeletal muscle function, and body composition in adults with primary malignant glioma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study was undertaken to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness, skeletal muscle function, and body composition of patients with newly diagnosed and untreated, postsurgical primary malignant glioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  By using a cross-sectional design, patients with clinically stable (10 +/- 7 days postsurgery) high-grade glioma (HGG; n = 25) or low-grade glioma (LGG; n = 10) were studied. Participants performed a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) with expired gas analysis to assess cardiorespiratory fitness (peak oxygen consumption, VO2peak). Other physiological outcomes included skeletal muscle cross-sectional area (CSA; magnetic resonance imaging), isokinetic muscle strength (isokinetic dynamometer), and body composition (air displacement plethysmography). Quality of life was assessed with the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Brain scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CPET was a feasible and safe procedure to assess VO2peak, with no serious adverse events. VO2peak indexed to total body weight and lean body mass (LBM) for both groups was 13.0 mL x weight x min(-1) and 19 mL x LBM x min(-1), the equivalent to 59% and 38% below age- and sex-predicted normative values, respectively. Skeletal muscle strength and mid-thigh CSA were lower in HGG relative to LGG patients (83 vs 125 Nm, P = .025; 94 vs 119 cm2, P = .171, respectively). Skeletal muscle isokinetic strength, CSA, and body composition outcomes predicted VO2peak (r = -0.59 to 0.68, P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postsurgical glioma patients have markedly reduced cardiorespiratory fitness, isokinetic strength, and CSA. Prospective studies are now required to determine whether such abnormalities influence treatment toxicity and clinical outcome as well as to test the effect of appropriately selected interventions to prevent and/or mitigate dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. lee.w.jones@duke.edu
authors.forename: Lee W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Allan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Miranda J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Stephanie K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mabe
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: Henry S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Maura I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Tresch
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Major
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Reardon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005221:Fatigue; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011788:Quality of Life; D012119:Respiration