title: The association between concurrent psychotropic medications and self-reported adherence with taking a mood stabilizer in bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple psychotropic medications are routinely prescribed to treat bipolar disorder, creating complex medication regimens. This study investigated whether the daily number of psychotropic medications or the daily number of pills were associated with self-reported adherence with taking a mood stabilizer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients self-reported their mood and medications taken daily for about 6 months. Adherence was defined as taking at least one pill of any mood stabilizer daily. Univariate general linear models (GLMs) were used to estimate if adherence was associated with the number of daily medications and the number of pills, controlling for age. The association between mean daily dosage of mood stabilizer and adherence was also estimated using a GLM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and twelve patients (mean age 38.4 +/- 10.9 years) returned 58,106 days of data and took a mean of 3.1 +/- 1.6 psychotropic medications daily (7.0 +/- 4.2 pills). No significant association was found between either the daily number of medications or the daily number of pills and adherence. For most mood stabilizers, patients with lower adherence took a significantly smaller mean daily dosage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of concurrent psychotropic medications may not be associated with adherence in bipolar disorder. Patients with lower adherence may be taking smaller dosages of mood stabilizers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany. Michael.Bauer@uniklinikum-dresden.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Tasha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Glenn
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grof
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sagduyu
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alda
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lewitzka
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haack
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Whybrow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents