title: Post-ERCP pancreatitis in pediatric patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pancreatitis is a known complication of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Our aim was to assess the prevalence and severity of ERCP-associated pancreatitis using established criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of patients younger than 18 years undergoing ERCP complicated by post-ERCP pancreatitis defined by the 1991 consensus statement. Patients with chronic pancreatitis were studied separately using modified criteria. Risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred forty-three ERCPs were performed in 224 patients. Two hundred seventy-six ERCPs were performed in patients without chronic pancreatitis, 7 of which were complicated by post-ERCP pancreatitis (prevalence 2.5%). Patients undergoing diagnostic-only ERCP were less likely to develop post-ERCP pancreatitis (P<0.01). Sixty-seven procedures were performed on patients with chronic pancreatitis; 10 developed postprocedure pain requiring or prolonging hospitalization (prevalence 14.9%). Pancreatic duct stenting was a risk factor for post-ERCP pain in this subset of patients (P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of post-ERCP pancreatitis is low-2.5% excluding patients with chronic pancreatitis and 4.96% overall. Therapeutic procedures and the presence of chronic pancreatitis are risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Corey W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Moir
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ishitani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000601:surgery; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents