title: Phylogenetic relationships within the lophophorate lineages (Ectoprocta, Brachiopoda and Phoronida).
abstract: We produced two new EST datasets of so far uncovered clades of ectoprocts to investigate the phylogenetic relationships within the lophophorate lineages, Ectoprocta, Brachiopoda and Phoronida. Maximum-likelihood analyses based on 78 ribosomal proteins of 62 metazoan taxa support the monophyly of Ectoprocta and a sister group relationship of Phylactolaemata living in freshwater and the mainly marine Gymnolaemata. Hypotheses suggesting that Ectoprocta is diphyletic with phylactolaemates forming a clade with phoronids or paraphyletic with respect to Entoprocta could be rejected by topology tests. The hypotheses that Stenolaemata are the sister group of all other ectoprocts, that Stenolaemata constitutes a monophyletic group with Cheilostomata, and that Phylactolaemata have been derived from Ctenostomata could also be excluded. However, the hypothesis that Phylactolaemata and Stenolaemata form a monophyletic group could not be rejected. Brachiopoda and Phoronida constitute a monophylum, Brachiozoa. The hypotheses that phoronids are the sister group of articulate or inarticulate brachiopods could be rejected by topology tests, thus confirming the monophyly of Brachiopoda.
authors.affiliation: Zoological Museum of the University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. hausdorf@zoologie.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hausdorf
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Helmkampf
authors.forename: Maximilian P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Nesnidal
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bruchhaus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002013:Bryozoa / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D010802:Phylogeny; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D012269:Ribosomal Proteins