title: Clinical relevance of single administration of prophylactic antimicrobial agents against febrile events after removal of ureteral stents for patients with urinary diversion or reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of antimicrobial prophylaxis when removing ureteral stents after urinary diversion or reconstruction and to establish the most appropriate prophylactic protocol to prevent febrile events.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively investigated the incidence of febrile events in the two studies. Study 1 consisted of 39 patients who received antimicrobial prophylaxis and 31 who did not. Study 2 included 48 patients who were given oral fluoroquinolone (FQ) and 27 who had intramuscular injection of an aminoglycoside (AG).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In study 1, the incidence of febrile events was significantly lower in patients receiving antimicrobial prophylaxis (26.0%) than in those not receiving it (51.6%) (P = 0.025, chi(2) test). In study 2 there was a 13% incidence of febrile events, which was much lower than the incidence found in study 1. The incidence of these events was similar between the two study groups, being 13% for those receiving FQ and 15% for those receiving AG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prophylactic administration of antimicrobials reduces the incidence of febrile events after removal of ureteral stents. Both FQ and the AG are equally effective in this setting.
authors.affiliation: Department Urology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan. jiroh@sapmed.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurimura
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeyama
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kunishima
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020878:Device Removal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects; D014547:Urinary Diversion
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones