title: Predictive value of progression-related gene classifier in primary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While several molecular markers of bladder cancer prognosis have been identified, the limited value of current prognostic markers has created the need for new molecular indicators of bladder cancer outcomes. The aim of this study was to identify genetic signatures associated with disease prognosis in bladder cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used 272 primary bladder cancer specimens for microarray analysis and real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Microarray gene expression analysis of randomly selected 165 primary bladder cancer specimens as an original cohort was carried out. Risk scores were applied to stratify prognosis-related gene classifiers. Prognosis-related gene classifiers were individually analyzed with tumor invasiveness (non-muscle invasive bladder cancer [NMIBC] and muscle invasive bladder cancer [MIBC]) and prognosis. We validated selected gene classifiers using RT-PCR in the original (165) and independent (107) cohorts. Ninety-seven genes related to disease progression among NMIBC patients were identified by microarray data analysis. Eight genes, a progression-related gene classifier in NMIBC, were selected for RT-PCR. The progression-related gene classifier in patients with NMIBC was closely correlated with progression in both original and independent cohorts. Furthermore, no patient with NMIBC in the good-prognosis signature group experienced cancer progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified progression-related gene classifier that has strong predictive value for determining disease outcome in NMIBC. This gene classifier could assist in selecting NMIBC patients who might benefit from more aggressive therapeutic intervention or surveillance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, South Korea. wjkim@chungbuk.ac.kr
authors.forename: Wun-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seon-Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong-June
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yun-Sok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Pildu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Min-Ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok-Joong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Keon Myung
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Sang-Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun-Jong
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Suk-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Bae
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009132:Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*