title: Proteomics of Thlaspi caerulescens accessions and an inter-accession cross segregating for zinc accumulation.
abstract: Metal hyperaccumulator plants have previously been characterized by transcriptomics, but reports on other profiling techniques are scarce. Protein profiles of Thlaspi caerulescens accessions La Calamine (LC) and Lellingen (LE) and lines derived from an LCxLE cross were examined here to determine the co-segregation of protein expression with the level of zinc (Zn) hyperaccumulation. Although hydrophobic proteins such as membrane transporters are not disclosed, this approach has the potential to reveal other proteins important for the Zn hyperaccumulation trait. Plants were exposed to metals. Proteins were separated using two-dimensional electrophoresis and those showing differences among accessions, lines or metal exposures were subjected to mass-spectrometric analysis for identification. Crossing decreased the number of different proteins in the lines compared with the parents, more so in the shoots than in the roots, but the frequencies of Zn-responsive proteins were about the same in the accessions and the selection lines. This supports the finding that the Zn accumulation traits are mainly determined by the root and that Zn accumulation itself is not the reason for the co-segregation. This study demonstrates that crossing accessions with contrasting Zn accumulation traits is a potent tool to investigate the mechanisms behind metal hyperaccumulation. Four tentatively identified root proteins showed co-segregation with high or low Zn accumulation: manganese superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, S-formyl glutathione hydrolase, and translation elongation factor 5A-2. However, these proteins may not be the direct determinants of Zn accumulation. The role of these and other tentatively identified proteins in Zn accumulation and tolerance is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, PO Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland. marjo.tuomainen@uef.fi
authors.forename: Marjo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuomainen
authors.forename: Arja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tervahauta
authors.forename: Viivi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hassinen
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schat
authors.forename: Kaisa M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Koistinen
authors.forename: Satu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehesranta
authors.forename: Kimmo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rantalainen
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Häyrinen
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Auriola
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anttonen
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kärenlampi
mesh_terms: D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D040901:Proteomics; D031227:Thlaspi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D015032:Zinc