title: Expression of metalloproteases and their inhibitors in primary tumors and in local recurrences after mastectomy for breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs) in patients who develop local recurrence (LR) after mastectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the expressions of MMP-1, -2, -7, -9, -11, -13, -14, TIMP-1, -2, and -3, using immunohistochemical techniques, in primary tumors from patients without tumoral recurrence (n = 50), patients who developed distant metastasis (n = 50), and from patients who develop LRs (n = 25). LRs of the latter group were also analyzed for MMPs expression. All the patients underwent mastectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Score values for all MMPs and TIMPs were significantly higher in primary tumors of patients with distant metastasis. Primary tumors from patients with LR have lower expressions of MMPs and TIMPs compared with those from patients who developed distant metastasis, and with patients without recurrence for some MMPs. Remarkably, however, primary tumors from patients with LR showed significantly higher percentage of TIMP-1 and 2 expression in stromal cells compared to primary tumors from patients with distant metastasis or primary tumors from patients without tumoral progression. Furthermore, LRs had significantly higher MMP-9 expression than their corresponding primary tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate differences in MMPs/TIMPs expression between primary tumors of patients with LRs and of those with distant metastasis, both after mastectomy for breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Investigación, Fundación Hospital de Jove, Gijon, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: del Casar
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carreño
authors.forename: Luis O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Junquera
authors.forename: Salomé
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: González-Reyes
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bongera
authors.forename: Antonio M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Merino
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Vizoso
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008408:Mastectomy; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases