title: The association of normative perceptions with adolescent smoking intentions.
abstract: The social norms approach suggests that tobacco use among a referent population will reduce provided they are presented with accurate information about the perceived norms of that behaviour. This study investigated adolescents' perceived tobacco-related norms on future smoking intentions, using a sample of 11-16 year olds (n = 804) from wave two of the Youth Tobacco Policy Survey. Structural equation modelling was used to analyse, simultaneously, the hypothesized normative model on future smoking intentions among both adolescent smokers and never smokers. While among adolescent smokers perceived prevalence, perceptions of the tobacco industry and risk from smoking were associated with future smoking intentions, among never smokers only perceived sibling approval was associated with future smoking intentions. The research highlights the need for more comprehensive anti-tobacco related campaigns that incorporate messages and stimuli relevant to behaviour reflecting these normative types.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Tobacco Control Research, Institute for Social Marketing, Marketing Division, University of Stirling, Scotland, United Kingdom. akb2@stir.ac.uk
authors.forename: Abraham Kojo
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Crawford
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moodie
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hastings
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Mackintosh
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thrasher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012925:Social Conformity; D012938:Social Perception; D012945:Social Values; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D006113:United Kingdom