Preventing and managing cardiometabolic risk: the logic for intervention.
Cardiometabolic risk (CMR), also known as metabolic syndrome or insulin resistance syndrome, comprises obesity (particularly central or abdominal obesity), high triglycerides, low HDL, elevated blood pressure, and elevated plasma glucose. Leading to death from diabetes, heart disease, and stroke, the root cause of CMR is inadequate physical activity, a Western diet identified primarily by low intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains, and high in saturated fat, as well as a number of yet-to-be-identified genetic factors. While the pathophysiological pathways related to CMR are complex, the universal need for adequate physical activity and a diet that emphasizes fruits and vegetables and whole grains, while minimizing food high in added sugars and saturated fat suggests that these behaviors are the appropriate focus of intervention.
Pereira
Mark A
MA
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454-1015, USA. pereira@epi.umn.edu
Kottke
Thomas E
TE
Jordan
Courtney
C
O'Connor
Patrick J
PJ
Pronk
Nicolaas P
NP
Carreón
Rita
R
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009043:Motor Activity; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior