title: High-fat, carbohydrate-free diet markedly aggravates obesity but prevents beta-cell loss and diabetes in the obese, diabetes-susceptible db/db strain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have previously reported that a high-fat, carbohydrate-free diet prevents diabetes and beta-cell destruction in the New Zealand Obese (NZO) mouse strain. Here we investigated the effect of diets with and without carbohydrates on obesity and development of beta-cell failure in a second mouse model of type 2 diabetes, the db/db mouse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When kept on a carbohydrate-containing standard (SD; with (w/w) 5.1, 58.3, and 17.6% fat, carbohydrates and protein, respectively) or high-fat diet (HFD; 14.6, 46.7 and 17.1%), db/db mice developed severe diabetes (blood glucose >20 mmol/l, weight loss, polydipsia and polyurea) associated with a selective loss of pancreatic beta-cells, reduced GLUT2 expression in the remaining beta-cells, and reduced plasma insulin levels. In contrast, db/db mice kept on a high-fat, carbohydrate-free diet (CFD; with 30.2 and 26.4% (w/w) fat or protein) did not develop diabetes and exhibited near-normal, hyperplastic islets in spite of a morbid obesity (fat content >60%) associated with hyperinsulinaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that in genetically different mouse models of obesity-associated diabetes, obesity and dietary fat are not sufficient, and dietary carbohydrates are required, for beta-cell destruction.
authors.affiliation: German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrucke, Nuthetal, Germany.
authors.forename: Farshad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mirhashemi
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kluth
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scherneck
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Reinhart
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kluge
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schurmann
authors.forename: Hans-Georg
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Joost
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neschen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2 / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D051273:Glucose Transporter Type 2; D007328:Insulin