title: Nutritional status of vitamin D and the effect of vitamin D supplementation in Korean breast-fed infants.
abstract: We investigated the vitamin D status and the effect of vitamin D supplementation in Korean breast-fed infants. The healthy term newborns were divided into 3 groups; A, formula-fed; B, breast-fed only; S, breast-fed with vitamin D supplementation. We measured serum concentrations of vitamin D (25OHD3), calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), alkaline phosphatase (AP), intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) and bone mineral density (BMD) at 6 and 12 months of age. Using questionnaires, average duration of sun-light exposure and dietary intake of vitamin D, Ca and P were obtained. At 6 and 12 months of age, 25OHD3 was significantly higher in group S than in group B (P<0.001). iPTH was significantly lower in group S than in group B at 6 months (P=0.001), but did not differ at 12 months. Regardless of vitamin D supplementation, BMD was lower in group B and S than in group A (P<0.05). Total intake of vitamin D differed among 3 groups (P<0.001, A>S>B), but total intake of Ca and P were higher in group A than in group B and S (P<0.001). In conclusion, breast-fed infants show lower vitamin D status and bone mineralization than formula-fed infants. Vitamin D supplementation (200 IU/day) in breast-fed infants increases serum 25-OH vitamin D(3), but not bone mineral density.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea. mijung0412@chungbuk.ac.kr
authors.forename: Mi-Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bomi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: So-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: No
authors.forename: Heon-Seok
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Eun-Hwan
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Wonkuk
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Younghee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Taisun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hyeun
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000097:blood; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D056910:Republic of Korea; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D010758:Phosphorus; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002112:Calcifediol; D002118:Calcium