title: The relationship between serum level of N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide and nutritional status, and inflammation in chronic hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP), a biomarker of heart failure, is involved in regulation of the body fluid homeostasis and vascular tone. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum level of NT-pro BNP and nutritional status, inflammation and hydration in patients on maintenance hemodialysis (HD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 97 HD patients (mean age: 65.3 +/- 13.9 years, HD duration: 36.3 +/- 43.5 months). Blood tests comprised the measurements of serum levels of NT-pro BNP, interleukin-6 (IL-6), human soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor I (s TNF RI), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin (alb) and urea. Furthermore, normalized protein catabolic rate (n PCR), body mass index (BMI), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), adequacy of HD (Kt/V), and interdialytic body weight gain (IBWG) were calculated. In addition, NT-pro BNP was measured in a healthy control group (CG; n = 24, mean age 49.5 +/- 15.0 years). Hydration status was determined by bioimpedance analysis (BIA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Irrespective of gender, NT-pro BNP levels were markedly elevated in HD patients compared with CG (15879.2 +/- 14033.3 pg/ml vs. 73.45 +/- 23.56 pg/ml; p < 0.00001). NT-pro BNP was unrelated to any measures of body fluid compartments. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that only four parameters (nPCR, Hb, MAP, and total time on HD) influenced serum NT-pro BNP levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While there was only moderate direct association of NT-pro BNP with hydration status, it was elevated in patients with intensive catabolism, severe anemia, higher MAP and longer total duration of HD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Medical University of Lublin, Poland. anna.bednarek@diaverum.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bednarek-Skublewska
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zaluska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ksiazek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000097:blood; D012044:Regression Analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012709:Serum Albumin; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human; D012737:Sex Factors; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: C422455:ALB protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006454:Hemoglobins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D012709:Serum Albumin; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human