title: Peripheral amino Acid levels in schizophrenia and antipsychotic treatment.
abstract: Abnormal levels of amino acids have been reported in patients with schizophrenia and have also been investigated as a biomarker to monitor antipsychotic treatment, however results have been inconsistent. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the evidence in the literature of whether amino acid levels can be a biomarker and predict the treatment outcome in schizophrenia. The current review does not support amino acid concentration as a useful biomarker for monitoring antipsychotic response in patients with schizophrenia, although there is evidence that high levels of serum homocysteine and glutamate might be considered as a trait marker for schizophrenia. This review has also highlighted a considerable dearth of studies, specifically of studies evaluating antipsychotic side-effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viggiano
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viggiano
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borlido
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viggiano
authors.forename: Marcellino
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monda