title: Renal and cardiovascular effects of Bothrops marajoensis venom and phospholipase A2.
abstract: Bothrops marajoensis is found in the savannah of Marajó Island in the State of Pará and regions of Amapá State, Brazil. The aim of the work was to study the renal and cardiovascular effects of the B. marajoensis venom and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). The venom was fractionated by Protein Pack 5PW. N-terminal amino acid sequencing of sPLA(2) showed amino acid identity with other lysine K49 sPLA(2)s of snake venom. B. marajoensis venom (30 microg/mL) decreased the perfusion pressure, renal vascular resistance, urinary flow, glomerular filtration rate and sodium tubular transport. PLA(2) did not change the renal parameters. The perfusion pressure of the mesenteric bed did not change after infusion of venom. In isolated heart, the venom decreased the force of contraction and increased PP but did not change coronary flow. In the arterial pressure, the venom and PLA(2) decreased mean arterial pressure and cardiac frequency. The presence of atrial flutter and late hyperpolarisation reversed, indicating QRS complex arrhythmia and dysfunction in atrial conduction. In conclusion, B. marajoensis venom and PLA(2) induce hypotension and bradycardia while simultaneously blocking electrical conduction in the heart. Moreover, the decrease in glomerular filtration rate, urinary flow and electrolyte transport demonstrates physiological changes to the renal system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Inez Liberato
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.forename: Alice Maria Costa
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Nilberto Robson Falcão
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Havt
authors.forename: Janaina Serra Azul Monteiro
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Evangelista
authors.forename: Terentia Batista Sá
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: de Norões
authors.forename: Marcos Hikari
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: Eduardo Brito
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Diz-Filho
authors.forename: Daniela de Oliveira
authors.initials: Dde O
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: Manassés Claudino
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fonteles
authors.forename: Helena Serra Azul
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Monteiro
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D017837:Bothrops; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010477:Perfusion; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013152:Splanchnic Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D054467:Phospholipases A2