Update on cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections and their management: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association.
Despite improvements in cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) design, application of timely infection control practices, and administration of antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of device placement, CIED infections continue to occur and can be life-threatening. This has prompted the study of all aspects of CIED infections. Recognizing the recent advances in our understanding of the epidemiology, risk factors, microbiology, management, and prevention of CIED infections, the American Heart Association commissioned this scientific statement to educate clinicians about CIED infections, provide explicit recommendations for the care of patients with suspected or established CIED infections, and highlight areas of needed research.
Baddour
Larry M
LM
Epstein
Andrew E
AE
Erickson
Christopher C
CC
Knight
Bradley P
BP
Levison
Matthew E
ME
Lockhart
Peter B
PB
Masoudi
Frederick A
FA
Okum
Eric J
EJ
Wilson
Walter R
WR
Beerman
Lee B
LB
Bolger
Ann F
AF
Estes
N A Mark
NA
Gewitz
Michael
M
Newburger
Jane W
JW
Schron
Eleanor B
EB
Taubert
Kathryn A
KA
D000572:American Heart Association; D002309:Cardiology / Q000592:standards*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States