title: Vaccination of poultry workers: delivery and uptake of seasonal influenza immunization.
abstract: Avian influenza is a highly infectious disease in poultry and although the risk of human infection is low, concerns exist that it could evolve into a new human strain of pandemic potential if reassortment with a human influenza virus occurs. In January 2007, the UK government introduced a programme to vaccinate poultry workers to reduce the potential of such an event. This study evaluates the delivery, uptake and costs of the programme in three counties of England. A questionnaire survey was completed by consultants in public health in all the Primary Care Trusts in Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire in May 2007. The delivery of the programme varied between Primary Care Trusts, including being delivered in some cases by clinics in primary care, by general practitioners and occupational health services in others. The uptake of vaccination was low ranging from 7% to 29% at a cost of £29 to £132 per person vaccinated. Vaccination of poultry workers as a public health measure to prevent an influenza pandemic is likely to be ineffective with the level of coverage found in this evaluation in our region.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK. r.vivancos@uea.ac.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vivancos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Showell
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keeble
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kroese
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lipp
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Battersby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D016272:Occupational Health; D011634:Public Health; D012621:Seasons
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines