title: Why are you angry with me? Facial expressions of threat influence perception of gaze direction.
abstract: Gaze direction can influence the processing of facial expressions. Angry faces are judged more angry when displaying a direct gaze compared to an averted gaze. We investigated whether facial expressions have a reciprocal influence on the perception of gaze. Participants judged the gaze of angry, fearful and neutral faces across a range of gaze directions. Angry faces were perceived as looking at the observer over a wider range than were fearful or neutral faces, which did not significantly differ. This effect was eliminated when presenting inverted faces, suggesting these results cannot be accounted for by differences in visible eye information. Our findings suggest the existence of a reciprocal influence between gaze direction and angry expressions.
authors.affiliation: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, Cambridge, UK. michael.ewbank@mrc-cbu.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ewbank
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Calder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D001288:Attention; D003463:Cues; D005133:Eye Movements; D005145:Face; D005149:Facial Expression; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012938:Social Perception