title: Anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment in dementia-specific and traditional assisted living.
abstract: With the rapid growth of the assisted living (AL) industry, the number of AL residences providing dementia care continues to increase. The purpose of this article is to describe and compare demographic characteristics; frequency and type of psychiatric diagnoses; level of cognition, depression, and anxiety symptoms; and use of psychotropic medication among older adults in dementia-specific assisted living (DSAL) and traditional assisted living (TAL) residences. Secondary analysis of screening data collected during a cross-sectional, descriptive pilot project compared 18 participants from two DSAL facilities and 28 participants from three TAL facilities. DSAL participants with dementia were more cognitively impaired than TAL participants with dementia (p < 0.001) and used more antipsychotic (67%), anxiolytic (60%), antidepressant (53%), and cognitive-enhancing (87%) medications. No statistically significant differences in demographic factors or levels of anxiety or depression were observed among residents in either setting.
authors.affiliation: The University of Iowa College of Nursing, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. hyunwook-kang@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Hyunwook
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Kathleen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Buckwalter
authors.forename: Vicki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ellingrod
authors.forename: Susan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D040561:Assisted Living Facilities / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006272:Health Facility Environment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007374:Interior Design and Furnishings; D007484:Iowa / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015995:Prevalence; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs