Experience with everolimus (RAD001), an oral mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor, in patients with systemic mastocytosis.
KIT D816V mutation has been observed in more than 90% of patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM). This mutation constitutively activates the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. We tested the efficacy of everolimus (RAD001), a novel oral mTOR inhibitor, at a dose of 10 mg daily in an open label, non-comparative Phase II trial for patients with SM. Ten patients were enrolled from April 2007 to October 2008. Median age was 55 years, four were males, seven had indolent and three aggressive SM, and six were previously treated with other agents. Median duration of therapy was 4 months (range 0.2-18). No objective responses were noted. Four patients had a short-lasting subjective improvement in symptoms for a median duration of 3 months (range 3-15). Grade 1-3 diarrhea, mucositis, and neutropenia were the most common adverse effects. No Grade 4 toxicity was noted. In conclusion, everolimus does not result in appreciable clinical activity in patients with SM.
Parikh
Sameer A
SA
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Kantarjian
Hagop M
HM
Richie
Mary Ann
MA
Cortes
Jorge E
JE
Verstovsek
Srdan
S
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced; D000068338:Everolimus; D005221:Fatigue / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D034721:Mastocytosis, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D052016:Mucositis / Q000139:chemically induced; D009154:Mutation; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000068338:Everolimus; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020123:Sirolimus