title: Divergent influence of different type A dimensions on job strain and effort-reward imbalance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined whether different Type A behavior dimensions have divergent influence on work stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample comprised 752 participants from the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study. Data were collected by questionnaires. Type A behavior was reported in subjects' adolescence and adulthood, and work stress was reported in adulthood. Work stress was measured according to Karasek's job demands-job control model and Siegrist's effort-reward imbalance (ERI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  High leadership predicted lower job strain. High hard-driving predicted higher job strain. High leadership predicted lower ERI in 2001 and higher reward at work. High aggression, hard-driving, and eagerness-energy predicted ERI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Leadership predicted low work stress, whereas high hard-driving seemed to predispose the employee to work stress. The current findings add to the work stress literature by showing a divergent influence of different Type A dimensions on work stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Helsinki, Finland. taina.hintsa@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hintsa
authors.forename: Mirka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hintsanen
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jokela
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pulkki-Råback
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Keltikangas-Järvinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D014434:Type A Personality; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology*