Effects of a preparation of combined glutathione-enriched yeast and rice embryo/soybean extracts on ethanol hangover.
The effects of a preparation of combined glutathione-enriched yeast (GEY) and rice embryo/soybean (RES) extracts (20:1), GEY/RES, on experimentally induced ethanol hangover were investigated in male Sprague-Dawley rats. To evaluate the preventive effects on hangover, rats were orally administered GEY/RES (50/2.5, 100/5, or 200/10 mg/kg) for 2 weeks. At 30 minutes after the final treatment, they were challenged with 3 mL/kg ethanol (15 mL of 20% in water/kg). The blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde were analyzed up to 7 hours postchallenge. Hepatic mRNA expression levels of alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), cytochrome P450 type 2E1 (CYP2E1), and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Additional rats were challenged with ethanol and, 60 minutes later, administered GEY/RES to evaluate alcohol clearance. Pretreatment with GEY/RES for 2 weeks reduced the blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde in a dose-dependent manner, lowering by 29.5% and 54.6% at the highest dose (200/10 mg/kg), respectively. The expressions of mRNAs for ADH and ALDH, the major alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, were markedly increased in the livers of rats administered GEY/RES for 2 weeks, whereas CYP2E1 mRNA was suppressed. Postchallenge treatment with GEY/RES enhanced the alcohol clearance rate by lowering blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde by 24% and 26.6%, respectively, for the highest dose group. GEY/RES remarkably eliminated 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl hydrate radical and FeCl(3)-mediated lipid peroxidation in vitro and attenuated hepatic lipid accumulation following ethanol administration in vivo. Therefore, it is suggested that GEY/RES reduces the blood concentrations of alcohol and acetaldehyde not only by modulating alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, but also by exerting its antioxidant activity, and that GEY/RES could be a promising candidate for improvements of alcoholic hangover.
Lee
Heon-Sik
HS
LG Household & Health Care Co., Ltd., Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Song
Jugyeong
J
Kim
Tae Myoung
TM
Joo
Seong Soo
SS
Park
Dongsun
D
Jeon
Jeong Hee
JH
Shin
Sunhee
S
Park
Hyoung Kook
HK
Lee
Won Kyung
WK
Ly
Sun Yung
SY
Kim
Mee Ree
MR
Lee
Do Ik
DI
Kim
Yun-Bae
YB
D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000097:blood; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D005978:Glutathione; D000079:Acetaldehyde