title: Repressive BMP2 gene regulatory elements near the BMP2 promoter.
abstract: The level of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) profoundly influences essential cell behaviors such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and migration. The spatial and temporal pattern of BMP2 synthesis, particular in diverse embryonic cells, is highly varied and dynamic. We have identified GC-rich sequences within the BMP2 promoter region that strongly repress gene expression. These elements block the activity of a highly conserved, osteoblast enhancer in response to FGF2 treatment. Both positive and negative gene regulatory elements control BMP2 synthesis. Detecting and mapping the repressive motifs is essential because they impede the identification of developmentally regulated enhancers necessary for normal BMP2 patterns and concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Medicine and Dentistry (UMDNJ), New Jersey Medical School (NJMS), Newark, NJ 07101-1709, USA.
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Chandler
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: Douglas P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Mortlock
authors.forename: Melissa B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D020862:GC Rich Sequence; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D050436:Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2