title: Interleukin 10 gene polymorphisms and development of post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis in a selected sudanese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a cutaneous form of disease that develops at variable times after individuals have received treatment for clinical visceral leishmaniasis (VL). The study aimed to investigate the possible role of interleukin 10 (IL-10) and development of PKDL.
  
  
  METHODS
  77 families composed of 41 complete case-parent trios and 36 case-parent pairs from the Masalit ethnic group were genotyped for 3 IL10 promoter polymorphisms: -1082A/G, -819C/T and -592C/A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single point analysis using the transmission disequilibrium test showed no evidence of association between any of these IL10 promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and development of PKDL. Haplotype analysis performed using TRANSMIT showed borderline significance between PKDL and the haplotype AA across -592C/A and -1082A/G (p = 0.053). Haplotypes GCC (0.33) and ATA (0.30) were the common haplotypes in this Sudanese population. Allele frequencies for the 3 SNPs differed significantly in Sudan compared to other African (Gambian, Malawian, YRI) populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no evidence for an association between 3 SNPs in the IL10 gene promoter and susceptibility to PKDL in the Masalit ethnic group in Sudan, although some evidence for haplotype association was observed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Farouk
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Salih
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Blackwell
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Elhassan
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Mohamed
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013397:Sudan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10