title: The bottom-up approach to HIEs. Bypassing third-party governance allows Spectrum Health to meet physician-practice needs across three hospital systems.
mesh_terms: D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006123:Group Practice; D006751:Hospital Information Systems / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008498:Medical Record Linkage; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D008824:Michigan; D019982:Organizational Case Studies