title: The influence of skill and low back pain on trunk postures and low back loads of shearers.
abstract: Shearing is a rural occupation developing considerable spinal loads and carrying a high risk of low back pain (LBP). Although the workforce has a skill structure, interaction between skill, spinal loads and LBP is unknown. We examined whether skill and LBP influenced trunk postures and loads within a sample of 80 shearers representing shear skill levels. A progression from junior to open class demonstrated a 100% increase in productivity, less time in severe flexion, more time in neutral lateral bend, and more time in axially twisted postures, with no increase in cumulative compressive and anterior shear forces. LBP prevalence increased linearly from 10% for junior through to 76% for open class shearers. Shearers with a history of LBP generated greater cumulative right medio-lateral shear forces, greater left lateral bend and left axial twist moments. Skill-based training that reduces asymmetric forces may help reduce such high prevalence levels of LBP. STATEMENT OF RELEVANCE: Shearing is an important and physically demanding rural occupation. It requires sustained flexed postures that generate considerable spinal loads and a high risk of LBP. This research examines how skill and a history of LBP it carries interact to influence trunk postures and spinal loads within a sample of shearers.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Physiotherapy Research, School of Physiotherapy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Poonam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milosavljevic
authors.forename: Diane E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Allan B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Carman
authors.forename: Jack P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Callaghan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D017770:Lifting / Q000009:adverse effects; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D011187:Posture; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult