Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections in older adults: clinical outcomes and risk factors for in-hospital mortality.
OBJECTIVE
To assess clinical outcomes and identify risk factors for mortality in older adults with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SAB).


METHODS
Retrospective review.


METHODS
University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor.


METHODS
All patients aged 80 and older with SAB between January 2004 and July 2008.


METHODS
Clinical data, including comorbid conditions, SAB source, echocardiography results, Charlson Comorbidity Index, mortality (in-hospital and 6-month), and need for rehospitalization or chronic care after discharge.


RESULTS
Seventy-six patients aged 80 and older (mean 85.5 +/- 4.2) with SAB were identified. Infection sources included 14 (18.4%) vascular catheter associated, 16 (21.1%) wound related, seven (9.2%) endocarditis, five (6.6%) intravascular, and 19 (25%) with unknown source; 46 (60.5%) patients had methicillin-resistant strains. Twenty-two (28.9%) patients underwent surgery or device placement within 30 days of developing SAB; 10 of these 22 had SAB associated with surgical site infection (SSI). Twenty two (28.9%) patients died in the hospital or were discharged to hospice care; at least 43 (56.6%) patients died within 6 months of presentation, and eight were lost to follow-up. Unknown source of bacteremia (odds ratio=5.2, P=.008) was independently associated with in-hospital death. Echocardiography was not pursued in 45% of patients. Of surviving patients, 40 (74.1%) required skilled care after discharge; eight (20%) required rehospitalization.


CONCLUSIONS
SAB was associated with high mortality rates in patients aged 80 and older. The observed association between SAB and SSI may direct preventive strategies such as perioperative decolonization or antimicrobial prophylaxis. Interventions to optimize clinical care practices in elderly patients with SAB are essential given the associated morbidity and mortality.
Big
Cecilia
C
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
Malani
Preeti N
PN
D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control