title: Neurodevelopmental outcome of fetuses referred for ventriculomegaly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the delivery and postnatal neurodevelopmental outcomes of fetuses referred for ventriculomegaly (VM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Under an internal review board-approved protocol, pregnant women were referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after sonographic diagnosis of VM and classified into one of four diagnostic groups: Group 1, normal central nervous system (CNS); Group 2, isolated mild VM (10-12 mm); Group 3, isolated VM > 12 mm; and Group 4, other CNS findings. Pregnancy outcome was obtained. Follow-up visits were offered with assessment of neurodevelopmental, adaptive and neurological functioning at 6 months and 1 year and/or 2 years of age. Atrial diameter and VM group differences in developmental outcomes were evaluated using repeated measures logistic regression and Fishers exact test, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 314 fetuses, 253 (81%) were liveborn and survived the neonatal period. Fetuses in Groups 4 and 3 were less likely to progress to live delivery and to survive the neonatal period (60% and 84%, respectively) than were those in Groups 2 or 1 (93% and 100%, respectively, P < 0.001). Of the 143 fetuses followed postnatally, between 41% and 61% had a Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-II) psychomotor developmental index score in the delayed range (< 85) at the follow-up visits, whereas the BSID-II mental developmental index and Vineland Adaptive Behavior composite scores were generally in line with normative expectations. Among those that were liveborn, neither VM group nor prenatal atrial diameter was related to postnatal developmental outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnostic category and degree of fetal VM based on ultrasound and MRI measurements are associated with the incidence of live births and thus abnormal outcome. Among those undergoing formal postnatal testing, VM grade is not associated with postnatal developmental outcome, but motor functioning is more delayed than is cognitive or adaptive functioning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beeghly
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ware
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soul
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: du Plessis
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khwaja
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Senapati
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Robson
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Poussaint
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Barnewolt
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Estroff
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult