title: Antioxidative and angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory potential of a Pacific Hake ( Merluccius productus ) fish protein hydrolysate subjected to simulated gastrointestinal digestion and Caco-2 cell permeation.
abstract: Pacific hake fish protein hydrolysate (FPH) with promising chemical assay based antioxidative capacity was studied for in vitro angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory potential, intestinal cell permeability characteristics, and intracellular antioxidative potential using the Caco-2 cell model system. FPH showed substrate-type inhibition of ACE with IC(50) of 161 microg of peptides/mL. HPLC analysis revealed that different peptides were responsible for antioxidative and ACE-inhibitory activity. FPH inhibited 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidation in Caco-2 cells at noncytotoxic concentrations. In vitro simulated gastrointestinal digestion increased (P < 0.05) antioxidative capacity; ACE-inhibitory activity of FPH remained unchanged, although individual peptide fractions showed decreased or no activity after digestion. Some FPH peptides passed through Caco-2 cells: the permeates showed 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activity but no ACE-inhibitory activity. These results suggest the potential for application of Pacific hake FPH to reduce oxidative processes in vivo. Further studies are needed to assess prospective antihypertensive effects.
authors.affiliation: Food, Nutrition, and Health Program, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, 2205 East Mall, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4.
authors.forename: Anusha G P
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Samaranayaka
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Kitts
authors.forename: Eunice C Y
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Li-Chan
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D004063:Digestion / Q000187:drug effects*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048388:Gadiformes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010539:Permeability; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000975:Antioxidants; D029941:Fish Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates