title: Occurrence of gross motor behaviors and attainment of motor objectives in children with cerebral palsy participating in conductive education.
abstract: This exploratory study investigated the frequency of occurrence of gross motor behaviors by nine children with cerebral palsy (CP) participating in an 11-month conductive education (CE) program and the attainment of their gross motor objectives. The intervention team determined gross motor objectives for each child. Activities to achieve those objectives were fully integrated into the child's daily routines. Interval by interval recording was used to observe eight stability, seven mobility, and six transfer behaviors during four school days for each child. The interrater reliability using a kappa statistic was 0.73-0.93 for the observed behaviors. An independent evaluator determined that the children achieved 83% of their gross motor objectives for the first term and 89% for the second term of the year. Of the objectives initially not achieved, three related to stair climbing, an activity not observed being practiced. Stability behaviors, mainly sitting, occurred at substantially higher rates than all mobility and transfer behaviors. All stability and transfer objectives that were practiced were achieved. The children spent the majority of their day in sitting. While the children achieved the majority of their motor objectives, the limited active mobility seen in this and other preschools warrants further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0200, USA. seffgen@uky.edu
authors.forename: Susan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Effgen
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003479:Curriculum; D051341:Dependent Ambulation; D019988:Children with Disabilities / Q000193:education*; D004519:Education, Special; D004521:Educational Measurement; D006801:Humans; D051346:Mobility Limitation; D009048:Motor Skills; D015588:Observer Variation; D004856:Postural Balance; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors