title: Noninvasive treatment strategy for swallowing problems related to prolonged nonoral feeding in spinal muscular atrophy type II.
abstract: A 25-year-old patient with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type II was referred due to swallowing problems related to prolonged nonoral feeding. Restriction of jaw movement, neck stiffness, absence of oral food intake, and weakness of the oropharyngeal and laryngeal muscles were considered to be the main factors contributing to the deterioration of his swallowing function. Treatment comprised exercises to improve flexibility of the neck and temporomandibular joint, tactile oral stimulation, passive and active oropharyngolaryngeal exercises, and supraglottic swallowing maneuvers. Treatment was performed for 30 min per day, three times a week, for 7 months. On initial videofluoroscopic examination, the patient was unable to safely tolerate any per-oral nutrition. After 7 months of treatment, the patient's swallowing function had improved to the extent that he was able to resume oral intake of food under supervision, and aspiration was no longer evident. These findings suggest that noninvasive treatment is a possible strategy for enhancing the swallowing function of a patient with SMA type II presenting with swallowing difficulties related to prolonged nonoral feeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135-720, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Tae-Hyun
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Duck-Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Jae-Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003679:Deglutition; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007830:Larynx / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010614:Pharynx / Q000473:pathology; D014897:Spinal Muscular Atrophies of Childhood / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*