title: Pioglitazone improves endothelium-dependent vasodilation in hypertensive patients with impaired glucose tolerance in part through a decrease in oxidative stress.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine pioglitazone treatment restores endothelial function in hypertensive patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated the effects of pioglitazone treatment for 12 weeks on forearm blood flow (FBF) responses to acetylcholine and sodium nitroprusside in 34 hypertensive patients with IGT who were randomly divided into a pioglitazone group (n=17) and an amlodipine monotherapy group (n=17) and in 34 healthy subjects. Pioglitazone, but not amlodipine, increased the FBF response to acetylcholine and decreased urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine. Pioglitazone did not alter sodium nitroprusside-stimulated vasodilation. NG-monomethyl-L-arginine abolished the augmentation of FBF response to acetylcholine after pioglitazone treatment. The increase in maximal FBF response to acetylcholine correlated with the decrease in urinary excretion of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pioglitazone improved endothelial function in hypertensive patients with IGT through an increase in nitric oxide bioavailability by, in part, a decrease in oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hidaka
authors.forename: Keigo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soga
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Takaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Idei
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chayama
authors.forename: Yasuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: Yukihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higashi
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000368:Aged; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D017311:Amlodipine; D005947:Glucose; D000109:Acetylcholine; D000077205:Pioglitazone