Origins of eponymous orthopaedic equipment.
BACKGROUND
Orthopaedists make great use of eponymous equipment, however the origins of these tools are unknown to many users. This history enriches, enlightens, and enhances surgical education, and may inspire modern innovation.


OBJECTIVE
We explored the origins of common and eponymous orthopaedic equipment.


METHODS
We selected pieces of equipment named for their inventors and in the broadest use by modern orthopaedists. We do not describe specialized orthopaedic implants and instruments owing to the overwhelming number of these devices.


RESULTS
The history of this equipment reflects the coevolution of orthopaedics and battlefield medicine. Additionally, these stories evidence the primacy of elegant design and suggest that innovation is often a process of revision and refinement rather than sudden inspiration. Their history exposes surgical innovators as brilliant, lucky, hardworking, and sometimes odd. These stories amuse, enlighten, and may inspire modern orthopaedists to develop creative solutions of their own.


CONCLUSIONS
The rich history of the field's eponymous instruments informs an ongoing tradition of innovation in orthopaedics.
Meals
Clifton
C
David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, 432 Comstock Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA. cliftongm@gmail.com
Wang
Jeffrey
J
D004867:Equipment Design; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009983:Orthopedic Equipment / Q000266:history*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000266:history* / Q000295:instrumentation