title: Hemostatic and electrolyte effects of hydroxyethyl starches in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion using pedicle screws and cages.
abstract: METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, double blind, clinical study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the hemostatic and electrolyte effects of 2 commonly administered hydroxyethyl starches (HES) in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  HES are commonly administered colloid solutions to restore and maintain intravascular volume before transfusion is initiated. However, infusion of HES itself can impair coagulation. HES-induced coagulopathy could be a serious problem in PLIF which involves continuous bone bleeding and oozing. Voluven (Fresenius Kabi, Germany), previously regarded as the least coagulopathic due to its low molecular weight (MW) and degree of substitution (DS), is a saline-based HES. Hextend (Biotime, United States) is a new type of HES with physiologic pH and balanced electrolytes, including calcium, which is beneficial to coagulation. Studies comparing the coagulopathy of Hextend and Voluven are rare. Therefore, coagulation, pH/electrolyte changes, and blood loss using Hextend and Voluven in patients undergoing PLIF were compared. METHODS.: Fifty-four patients scheduled for PLIF involving 3 vertebrae or less were randomly assigned to the Voluven or the Hextend group. Of each solution 15 mL/kg was administered during surgery. Blood loss, coagulation, and electrolyte profiles were checked before infusion and 5 minutes, 3 hours, and 24 hours after the end of infusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Hextend group showed slightly better electrolyte balance, however, more coagulation impairment and postoperative transfusion (37% vs. 11%) compared with the Voluven group. The effect of Hextend on coagulation lasted until 24 hours after infusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If coagulopathy is a concern during PLIF, then, a HES with low MW/DS in a saline-based medium (Voluven) may be a better alternative than a HES with high MW/DS in a balanced salt medium (Hextend).
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Joo
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Sung Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Myung Hee
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Duck Hwan
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sangmin M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Gu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jin Kyoung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001863:Bone Screws; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D010952:Plasma Substitutes