Cyclic nucleotides converge on brown adipose tissue differentiation.
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is rich in mitochondria and can uncouple oxidative phosphorylation to produce heat as a by-product of fatty acid metabolism. This thermogenic effect helps to maintain body temperature and also plays a critical role in energy homeostasis and the regulation of body weight. Both cyclic adenosine monophosphate and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) contribute to the intracellular regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and the differentiation of BAT. New evidence has defined the essential role of the cGMP-dependent protein kinase I in a pathway that modulates the RhoA-ROCK pathway and insulin receptor signaling to elicit BAT differentiation and stimulate thermogenesis.
Amieux
Paul S
PS
Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
McKnight
G Stanley
GS
D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D062965:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism*; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D022722:Thermogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D062965:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type I; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; C569718:PRKG1 protein, human; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; D006152:Cyclic GMP