title: A brief primary care intervention helps parents develop plans to discipline.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine if a primary care intervention can help caregivers develop appropriate methods of discipline.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled trial was conducted in a pediatric primary care clinic. Consecutive English- or Spanish-speaking caregivers of 1- to 5-year-old children were randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) at triage. Members of the intervention group (n = 130) were instructed (ie, required) to view at least 4 strategies of their choosing for responding to childhood aggression in the Play Nicely educational program; Spanish-speaking caregivers viewed the Spanish edition. The intervention duration was 5 to 10 minutes. Those in the control group (n = 129) received standard care. At the end of the clinic visit, 258 of 259 caregivers (99.6%) consented to participate in a brief personal interview. The key measure was whether caregivers were helped in their plans to discipline, defined as a caregiver who could verbalize an appropriate change in how they would discipline their child in the future.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, caregivers in the intervention group were 12 times more likely to have been helped in developing methods of discipline compared with caregivers in the control group (83% vs 7%; P < .001). Within this group, Spanish-speaking caregivers (n = 59) in the intervention group were 8 times more likely to have been helped compared with those in the control group (91% vs 12%; P < .001). Caregivers in the intervention group were more likely than caregivers in the control group to report that they planned to do less spanking (9% vs 0%; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A brief, required, primary care intervention helps English- and Spanish-speaking caregivers develop appropriate methods of discipline. The findings have implications for violence prevention, child abuse prevention, and how to incorporate counseling about childhood aggression and discipline into the well-child care visit.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University, Department of Pediatrics, 8232 Doctor's Office Tower, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. seth.scholer@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Seth J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Scholer
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hudnut-Beumler
authors.forename: Mary S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Dietrich
mesh_terms: D017028:Caregivers; D002652:Child Behavior; D002668:Child Rearing; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018730:Infant Behavior; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting; D010819:Physician's Role; D010988:Play and Playthings; D011320:Primary Health Care; D014743:Videotape Recording