title: Diabetes is associated with impaired myocardial performance in patients without significant coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have high risk of heart failure. Whether some of the risk is directly linked to metabolic derangements in the myocardium or whether the risk is primarily caused by coronary artery disease (CAD) and hypertension is incompletely understood. Echocardiographic tissue Doppler imaging was therefore performed in DM patients without significant CAD to examine whether DM per se influenced cardiac function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) > 35% and without significant CAD, prior myocardial infarction, cardiac pacemaker, atrial fibrillation, or significant valve disease were identified from a tertiary invasive center register. DM patients were matched with controls on age, gender and presence of hypertension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 31 patients with diabetes and 31 controls were included. Mean age was 58 +/- 12 years, mean LVEF was 51 +/- 7%, and 48% were women. No significant differences were found in LVEF, left atrial end systolic volume, or left ventricular dimensions. The global longitudinal strain was significantly reduced in patients with DM (15.9 +/- 2.9 vs. 17.7 +/- 2.9, p = 0.03), as were peak longitudinal systolic (S') and early diastolic (E') velocities (5.7 +/- 1.1 vs. 6.4 +/- 1.1 cm/s, p = 0.02 and 6.1 +/- 1.7 vs. 7.7 +/- 2.0 cm/s, p = 0.002). In multivariable regression analyses, DM remained significantly associated with impairments of S' and E', respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients without significant CAD, DM is associated with an impaired systolic longitudinal LV function and global diastolic dysfunction. These abnormalities are likely to be markers of adverse prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. ca@heart.dk
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Gunnar H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Gislason
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weeke
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torp-Pedersen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Søgaard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D003927:Diet, Diabetic; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin