title: Caspofungin for post solid organ transplant invasive fungal disease: results of a retrospective observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to determine clinical outcomes with caspofungin in patients with proven or probable invasive fungal infection (IFI) after a solid organ transplant (SOT) procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective observational study, data were collected for a single episode of IFI in patients with an SOT between January 2004 and June 2007. Response was determined by the investigator as favorable (complete or partial) or unfavorable (stable disease or failure) at the end of caspofungin therapy (EOCT). The primary effectiveness population was the proportion of patients who received >or=5 doses of caspofungin (modified all-patients-treated population). Safety was assessed for patients who received >or=1 dose of caspofungin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total 81 of patients from 13 sites in China, Germany, Italy, and the United Kingdom were enrolled, including 49 (60%) liver, 22 (27%) heart, 5 (6%) lung, 2 (2%) kidney, 2 (2%) liver and kidney, and 1 (1%) pancreas and kidney recipients. Candidiasis was diagnosed in 64/81 patients (79%) and aspergillosis in 22/81 patients (27%). Most patients received caspofungin monotherapy (75%). Caspofungin was given as first-line therapy to 59 (73%) patients. The overall favorable response at EOCT was 87% (58/67; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 76%, 94%), with favorable responses in 88% (43/49; 95% CI: 75%, 95%) of patients receiving caspofungin monotherapy and 83% (15/18; 95% CI: 59%, 96%) of patients receiving combination therapy with caspofungin (modified all-patients-treated population). Response by type of SOT was as follows: liver 87% (39/45), heart 93% (14/15), kidney 100% (5/5), and lung 50% (2/4). An overall survival rate (all-patients-treated) of 69% (56/81; 95% CI: 59%, 79%) was observed at 7 days post EOCT. No serious drug-related adverse events were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, caspofungin was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of IFIs involving SOT recipients.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Klinik für Allgemein-, Viszeral- und Transplanationschirurgie, Hannover, Germany. winkler.michael@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pratschke
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sgarabotto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sganga
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaskel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandwani
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petrovic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shivaprakash
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D000077336:Caspofungin; D002681:China; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D000077336:Caspofungin