title: Additive beneficial effects of lactotripeptides intake with regular exercise on endothelium-dependent dilatation in postmenopausal women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peripheral conduit artery endothelium-dependent dilatation decreases with aging in humans. Lactotripeptides (LTPs) and regular exercise can improve endothelium-dependent dilatation, but combining these lifestyle modifications may be more effective than either treatment alone. We conducted a randomized, place-controlled trial with four different intervention arms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 43 postmenopausal women (50-65 years old) were randomly divided into placebo, LTP, exercise and placebo (Ex+placebo), or exercise and LTP (Ex+LTP) groups. LTP or placebo was administered orally for 8 weeks. The exercise groups completed an 8-week moderate aerobic exercise (walking or cycling) intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in baseline flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) and most other key dependent variables among the groups. FMD significantly increased in the LTP, Ex+placebo, and Ex+LTP groups whereas no such changes were observed in the placebo control group. The magnitude of increases in FMD was significantly greater in the Ex+LTP group than other intervention groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that LTP ingestion combined with regular aerobic exercise improves endothelium-dependent dilatation to a greater extent than monotherapy with either intervention alone in postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Mutsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyaki
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misono
authors.forename: Youngju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Nobutake
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimojo
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ajisaka
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D045462:Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017698:Postmenopause; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D045462:Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors; D009842:Oligopeptides; C489032:isoleucyl-prolyl-proline; C489031:valyl-prolyl-proline