title: Genetic variants involved in gallstone formation and capsaicin metabolism, and the risk of gallbladder cancer in Chilean women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of genetic variants associated with gallstone formation and capsaicin (a pungent component of chili pepper) metabolism on the risk of gallbladder cancer (GBC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 57 patients with GBC, 119 patients with gallstones, and 70 controls were enrolled in this study. DNA was extracted from their blood or paraffin block sample using standard commercial kits. The statuses of the genetic variants were assayed using Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays or Custom Taqman SNP Genotyping Assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The non-ancestral T/T genotype of apolipoprotein B rs693 polymorphism was associated with a decreased risk of GBC (OR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.03-0.63). The T/T genotype of cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) rs708272 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of GBC (OR: 5.04, 95% CI: 1.43-17.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genetic variants involved in gallstone formation such as the apolipoprotein B rs693 and CETP rs708272 polymorphisms may be related to the risk of developing GBC in Chilean women.
authors.affiliation: Division of Social and Environmental Medicine, Department of Community Preventive Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Báez
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pruyas
authors.forename: Kazutoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiyohara
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000235:genetics; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002677:Chile; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology*; D042882:Gallstones / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; C506642:CETP protein, human; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D002211:Capsaicin