title: Terlipressin therapy for reversal of type 1 hepatorenal syndrome: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is a serious complication of advanced liver disease and carries a poor prognosis. Recent trials have indicated that terlipressin may be effective in reversing HRS. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of terlipressin therapy in reversing type 1 HRS defined as a serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dL during treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trials in which patients with type 1 HRS received at least 3 days of terlipressin therapy and albumin in the intervention arm were included after a systematic search of the published English reports. Studies with other vasoconstrictor therapies in the control group were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 223 patients with HRS type 1 in four different trials, were included in the final analysis. Alcohol-related cirrhosis was the most common underlying etiology. The risk ratio for reversal in type 1 HRS with terlipressin therapy was 3.66 (95% confidence interval 2.15-6.23). Recurrence of HRS was low (8%). Serious side-effects requiring discontinuation of therapy were seen only in 6.8% of patients on terlipressin therapy. There was a trend towards improved transplant-free survival at 90 days in the terlipressin group (relative risk 1.86 95% confidence interval 1.0-3.4, P = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Terlipressin is effective in reversing HRS type 1. Recurrence of HRS is rare with at least 14 days of therapy. Serious side-effects requiring discontinuation of therapy are less common. There appears to be a survival benefit in patients with HRS treated with terlipressin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA. sashidharvarma@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sashidhar V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Sagi
authors.forename: Sahil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.forename: Krishna S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kasturi
authors.forename: Gagan K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Sood
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006530:Hepatorenal Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008236:Lypressin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077585:Terlipressin; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008236:Lypressin; D000077585:Terlipressin; D003404:Creatinine