Inactivation of murine norovirus 1 and Bacteroides fragilis phage B40-8 by mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic digestion of pig slurry.
Mesophilic (37 degrees C) and thermophilic (52 degrees C) anaerobic digestion of pig slurry induced at least a 4-log decrease in murine norovirus 1, used as a surrogate virus for porcine norovirus, after 13 and 7 days, respectively. Bacteroides fragilis phage B40-8, employed as a universal viral model, was lowered by 2.5 log after 7 days. The viral titer declined due to temperature and matrix effects.
Baert
Leen
L
Department of Food Safety and Food Quality, Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Food Preservation, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
De Gusseme
Bart
B
Boon
Nico
N
Verstraete
Willy
W
Debevere
Johan
J
Uyttendaele
Mieke
M
D000818:Animals; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D001441:Bacteroides fragilis / Q000821:virology; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000528:radiation effects*; D029322:Norovirus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load; D038301:Virus Inactivation