title: The garlic component, allicin, prevents disease caused by Aeromonas hydrophila in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum).
abstract: Allicin was fed at 0 (= control), 0.5 and 1.0 mL of Allimed liquid 100 g(-1) of feed for 14 days to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), fingerlings before infection with Aeromonas hydrophila with a resultant reduction in mortalities from 80% in the controls to 8% [relative percentage survival (RPS) = 90%] and 0% (RPS = 100%) among the treated fish. Allicin was strongly antibacterial compared to the control, with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of >400 microL mL(-1) of Allimed liquid. Use of allicin led to a lower number of white blood cells (132.0 +/- 0.4 x 10(3)) compared to 175.0 +/- 0.1 x 10(3) in the controls, but elicited increased phagocytic activity, i.e. a phagocytic value of 39.2% compared to 13.6% in the controls, and serum lysozyme activity, which showed significant (P > 0.05) differences compared to the control at 15 and 30 min after the first reading at 0 min of incubation.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Nya
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dawood
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Austin
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004220:Disulfides; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D013441:Sulfinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004220:Disulfides; D013441:Sulfinic Acids; D013481:Superoxides; C006452:allicin; D009113:Muramidase