title: Atherosclerotic carotid stenoses of apical versus body lesions in high-risk carotid stenting patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different lesion locations in the atherosclerotic carotid bulb stenosis have not been clearly defined. We sought to evaluate 2 locations of carotid bulb stenosis in high-risk patients and to determine the relationship of each location to atherosclerotic risk factors and clinical features.
  
  
  METHODS
  Atherosclerotic carotid plaques of apical versus body lesions, defined according to the area and extent of plaque involvement, were retrospectively analyzed in 200 consecutive high-risk patients who underwent carotid stent placement because of > or =50% symptomatic stenosis. We evaluated interobserver concordance and assessed each type of lesion relative to 13 atherosclerotic risk factors, mode of symptom presentation, infarct pattern, procedure-related factors, and clinical outcomes, by univariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interobserver concordance showed good agreement for differentiating apical and body lesions (kappa = 0.745). Univariate analysis revealed that apical lesions (n = 108, 54%) were associated with pseudo-occlusion (P = .027), older age (P = .073), and alcohol intake (P = .080), whereas body lesions (n = 92, 46%) were associated with hyperlipidemia (P = .001), a wedge-shaped cortical infarct pattern (P = .057), and hyperperfusion syndrome (P = .083). Multivariable logistic regression analysis adjusted by age revealed that hyperlipidemia (P = .002; OR, 3.462; 95% CI, 1.595-7.515) and hyperperfusion (P = .026; OR, 6.727; 95% CI, 1.261-35.894) were independent predictors of body-type lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atherosclerotic carotid bulb stenosis was found to have 2 distinct locations, body and apical. Hyperlipidemia and cortical wedge-shaped infarcts were more frequently associated with body than with apical stenosis at the time of presentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-Gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S-T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: S-O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents