title: Cloning and expression of SOLD1 in ovine and caprine placenta, and their expected roles during the development of placentomes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Ly-6 (Ly-6/uPAR) superfamily members share the Ly-6 domain defined by distinct disulfide bonding patterns between 8 or 10 cysteine residues. They comprise membrane- and secretory-type proteins. We recently reported the gene and protein characterization of the bovine secreted protein of Ly-6 domain 1 (SOLD1). Bovine SOLD1 is expressed in trophoblast mononucleate cells (TMCs) and is localized in the cotyledonary mesenchyme. Here, we compared the expression and functionality of SOLD1 among the ruminants. We examined mRNA expression by chorionic fibroblasts as a measure of one of the SOLD1 functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovine and caprine SOLD1 mRNAs have 303 bp open reading frames and encode for deduced SOLD1 proteins with 100 amino acids, including a 22-aa-long signal peptide at the N-terminal. Both of the SOLD1 amino acid sequences have high similarities with the bovine sequence. Both SOLD1 mRNAs were also expressed in TMCs of cotyledons and intercotyledonary membranes. The mature SOLD1 proteins were localized in the mesenchymal villi of cotyledons after secretion. Bovine, ovine and caprine SOLD1 affected gene expression in mesenchymal fibroblasts in vitro; nucleoredoxin expression was upregulated and BCL2-like 13 was downregulated. Thus, we suggest that SOLD1 acts as a modulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expressing cells and protein localization of SOLD1 coincided among the three ruminants. SOLD1 participated in regulating nucleoredoxin and BCL2-like 13 expression in chorionic fibroblasts. SOLD1 is produced specifically in the cotyledons and intercotyledonary membranes in ruminants and appears to be involved in the construction of the ruminant placenta.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Research Unit, Division of Animal Sciences, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 2 Ikenodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ushizawa
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosoe
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kizaki
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashizume
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006041:Goats; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins