title: Inflammatory characteristics on ultrasound predict poorer longterm response to intraarticular corticosteroid injections in knee osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether inflammation on ultrasound is predictive of clinical response to intraarticular (IA) corticosteroid injections in patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with symptomatic knee OA were randomized to receive either an IA injection of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment group or 1 cc 0.9% saline in the placebo group. Clinical response was assessed by changes in baseline Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) index scores and physician global assessment at 4 and 12 weeks. Ultrasounds were performed at each visit. Patients and assessors were blinded to treatment status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-nine patients were enrolled into the study. Four-week data were available for 67 patients in the primary analysis comparing change in WOMAC pain score from baseline to 4 weeks. There was almost no change in the WOMAC pain subscale score from baseline to 4 weeks in the control group, but there was a significant improvement in WOMAC pain subscale score from 10.8 (SD +/- 3.2) at baseline to 8.75 (SD +/- 4.0) at 4 weeks in the treatment group (adjusted p = 0.001). Of the 34 patients in the treatment group; 16 (47%) had inflammatory disease and 18 (53%) had noninflammatory disease as determined by ultrasound. There was no difference in the change in WOMAC pain score between the inflammatory and noninflammatory patients in the treatment group at 4 weeks. There was a statistically significant greater improvement in pain subscale scores among noninflammatory patients than among inflammatory patients at 12 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraarticular corticosteroid injections are an effective short-term treatment for symptomatic knee OA compared to placebo. Patients with noninflammatory characteristics on ultrasound had a more prolonged benefit from IA corticosteroids compared to inflammatory patients.
authors.affiliation: University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9350 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. J5chao@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Jeannie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Michal Kalli
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hose
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Tudor H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kalunian
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000209:etiology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007719:Knee Joint; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D016207:Cytokines; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide