title: Production of cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid in camelina meal and okara by an oat-assisted microbial process.
abstract: A method to obtain cis-9,trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid (c9,t11-CLA) into camelina meal and okara, the byproducts of plant oil processing, is described. The triacylglycerols in these materials were hydrolyzed with the aid of lipolytically active oat flour for 3 weeks at a water activity of 0.70. The resulting free linoleic acid was then isomerized predominantly to c9,t11-CLA by resting cells of Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii in 5% aqueous camelina meal and okara slurries. In camelina meal slurries, c9,t11-CLA content after 21 h of fermentation was 0.83 mg/mL and 96 mg/g of total lipids. In okara slurries, the content of c9,t11-CLA was 1.1 mg/mL and 78 mg/g of total lipids. Doubling the hydrolysis time in okara increased the subsequent content of c9,t11-CLA to 1.4 mg/mL, corresponding to 110 mg/g of total lipids. After isomerization, CLA was concentrated into a particulate material of the slurries by acidification. The results suggest that the method is applicable to a wide spectrum of lipid-containing plant materials to further increase their nutritional value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Chemical Technology, Helsinki University of Technology, Post Office Box 6100, FI-02015 TKK Espoo, Finland. marjatta.vahvaselka@tkk.fi
authors.forename: Marjatta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vahvaselkä
authors.forename: Simo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laakso
mesh_terms: D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000032:analysis; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007536:Isomerism; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011424:Propionibacterium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004075:Diglycerides; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D014280:Triglycerides