title: Multimethod analysis of Iranian Ilkhanate ceramics from the Takht-e Soleyman palace.
abstract: The present work describes an analytical study performed on several pieces of Iranian Ilkhanate glazed ceramics from the Takht-e Soleyman palace (Iran, thirteenth century). Several advanced instrumental techniques, including pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy-X-ray microanalysis and voltammetry of microparticles, were used. The results obtained led to identification of the chemical and mineralogical composition of the pastes and glazes and the colouring agents. Corrosion processes associated with the extreme burial conditions in which the pieces remained for centuries were characterized in some areas of the glazes. A drying oil was identified as the main component of the organic material that was used as the adhesive for the decorative gold sheets applied on the glazes. This finding is in good agreement with traditional recipes. Interestingly, this drying oil exhibits an unusual composition as the gold sheet preserved it from external ageing agents (light, atmosphere, etc.).
authors.affiliation: Institut de Restauració del Patrimoni, Universitat Politécnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osete-Cortina
authors.affiliation: Institut de Restauració del Patrimoni, Universitat Politécnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain. tdomenec@crbc.upv.es.
authors.forename: María Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Doménech-Carbó
authors.affiliation: Departamento Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez 13, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doménech
authors.affiliation: Institut de Restauració del Patrimoni, Universitat Politécnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Dolores Julia
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Yusá-Marco
authors.affiliation: Institut de Restauració del Patrimoni, Universitat Politécnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022, Valencia, Spain.|Department of Conservation and Restoration of Cultural Heritage, Art University of Esfahan, Hakim Nezami St., P.O. Box 1744, Esfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ahmadi