title: Combining FVIIa and FX into a mixture which imparts a unique thrombin generation potential to hemophilic plasma: an in vitro assessment of FVIIa/FX mixture as an alternative bypassing agent.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously reported that a combination of factors VIIa (FVIIa) and X (FX) might represent an effective and attractive alternative to recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) and plasma-derived activated prothrombin complex concentrate (APCC) for controlling bleeding in hemophiliacs with inhibitors. The present study describes the standardization and preparation of a virus-inactivated and nano-filtrated plasma-derived FVIIa/FX concentrate. We hypothesized that the hemostatic capacity was equivalent to or better than current bypassing agents as evaluated by measurements of waveform APTT clotting and thrombin generation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kinetic analyses showed that a "normal" FX concentration of approximately 140nM in plasma did not induce maximum catalytic efficacy of FVIIa and that an increase in the concentration of FX in hemophilic plasma enhanced the thrombin generation potential of FVIIa. Thus, the FVIIa/FX mixture was prepared by assembling plasma-derived FVIIa and FX at a weight ratio of 1:10. The FVIIa/FX mixture proved superior to rFVIIa with regards to shortening the APTT and accelerating the thrombin generation in hemophilic plasma. The FVIIa/FX mixture promoted the generation of thrombin more than did rFVIIa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing the FX concentration in hemophilic plasma gives a higher clotting potential of FVIIa. A FVIIa/FX concentrate may serve as a new alternative bypassing agent.
authors.affiliation: Therapeutic Protein Product Research Department, The Chemo-Sero-Therapeutic Research Institute, KAKETSUKEN, 1-6-1 Okubo, Kumamoto 860-8568, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatomi
authors.forename: Teruhisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Soutaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gokudan
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hanada-Dateki
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomokiyo
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamamoto
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogata
mesh_terms: D004338:Drug Combinations; D015942:Factor VIIa / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005170:Factor X / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006467:Hemophilia A / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005170:Factor X; D015942:Factor VIIa; D013917:Thrombin