title: Reduced anterior prefrontal cortex activation in young binge drinkers during a visual working memory task.
abstract: Working memory (WM) is a major cognitive function that is altered by chronic alcohol consumption. This impairment has been linked to alterations in the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Animal and human studies have shown that the adolescent brain is more sensitive to the neurotoxic effects of alcohol than the adult brain, particularly those structures that mature late on in development, such as the hippocampus and prefrontal brain. The aim of the present study was to assess visual working memory and its neural correlates in young university students who partake in intermittent consumption of large amounts of alcohol (binge drinkers). A sample of 42 binge drinkers and 53 corresponding control subjects performed an identical pairs continuous performance task (IP-CPT) in a combined event-related potential (ERP) and exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) study. The results revealed that, despite adequate performance, binge drinkers showed a smaller late positive component (LPC) associated with hypoactivation of the right anterior prefrontal cortex (aPFC) for matching stimuli, in comparison with control subjects. These findings may reveal binge drinking-related functional alteration in recognition working memory processes and suggest that impaired prefrontal cortex function may occur at an early age in binge drinkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain. alberto.crego@usc.es
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crego
authors.forename: Socorro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Holguín
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parada
authors.forename: Nayara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mota
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corral
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cadaveira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012907:Smoking; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D012984:Software; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult