title: Long-term outcomes of anterior spinal fusion with instrumentation for thoracolumbar and lumbar curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
abstract: METHODS
  A retrospective review of the long-term clinical and radiographic outcomes of anterior spinal fusion with instrumentation for thoracolumbar and lumbar curves in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a group of patients based on Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-30 and Oswestry data as well as radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and report the results of long-term follow-up of this surgical treatment for this particular curve pattern in AIS.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Anterior spinal fusion with instrumentation has been used for many years in the treatment of thoracolumbar and lumbar curves in AIS. However, the long-term radiographic and functional outcomes of this procedure are not well known.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 1984 to 1995, 31 patients with the diagnosis of AIS underwent anterior spinal instrumentation and fusion for thoracolumbar or lumbar scoliosis at our institution. A retrospective review of this patient group was performed to evaluate patient satisfaction, functional outcome, curve progression, implant failure, and disc degeneration. Radiographs and lumbar MRIs were obtained along with SRS-30 Questionnaire and Oswestry Disability Index data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients were available for review. Average follow-up for this study was 16.97 years. Based on SRS-30 and the Oswestry Disability Index data, most patients had good function scores and acceptable pain levels. Radiographs demonstrated no progression of the thoracolumbar or thoracic curves. Implant failure was identified in 2 patients. Radiographic changes of early degenerative disc disease were identified in most patients but had no correlation with SRS or Oswestry data. These degenerative changes were evident on both radiographs and MRI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anterior approach in the treatment of thoracolumbar and lumbar curves in AIS offers good long-term functional outcomes for patients. Despite expected degenerative changes, patients scored well on the SRS and Oswestry tests, and were able to pursue careers and family activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Tennessee-Campbell Clinic, Memphis, TN, USA. dkelly@campbellclinic.com
authors.forename: Derek M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Frances L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: McCullough
authors.forename: Hallie R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D020878:Device Removal; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult