title: Functional role of acetylcholine and the expression of cholinergic receptors and components in osteoblasts.
abstract: Recent studies have indicated that acetylcholine (ACh) plays a vital role in various tissues, while the role of ACh in bone metabolism remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that ACh induced cell proliferation and reduced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity via nicotinic (nAChRs) and muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) in osteoblasts. We detected mRNA expression of several nAChRs and mAChRs. Furthermore, we showed that cholinergic components were up-regulated and subunits/subtypes of acetylcholine receptors altered during osteoblast differentiation. To our knowledge, this is the first report demonstrating that osteoblasts express specific acetylcholine receptors and cholinergic components and that ACh plays a possible role in regulating the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Saitama Medical University, Iruma-gun, Saitama, Japan. tsato@saitama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chida
authors.forename: Norimichi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Shoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokabu
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomaru
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Michihiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aiko
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoda
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000235:genetics; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D018678:Cholinergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics; D050494:Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; C493459:SLC18A3 protein, human; C510731:SLC5A7 protein, human; D027981:Symporters; D050494:Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000109:Acetylcholine