title: Altered functional connectivity and small-world in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The functional architecture of the human brain has been extensively described in terms of functional connectivity networks, detected from the low-frequency coherent neuronal fluctuations that can be observed in a resting state condition. Little is known, so far, about the changes in functional connectivity and in the topological properties of functional networks, associated with different brain diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we investigated alterations related to mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (mTLE), using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging on 18 mTLE patients and 27 healthy controls. Functional connectivity among 90 cortical and subcortical regions was measured by temporal correlation. The related values were analyzed to construct a set of undirected graphs. Compared to controls, mTLE patients showed significantly increased connectivity within the medial temporal lobes, but also significantly decreased connectivity within the frontal and parietal lobes, and between frontal and parietal lobes. Our findings demonstrated that a large number of areas in the default-mode network of mTLE patients showed a significantly decreased number of connections to other regions. Furthermore, we observed altered small-world properties in patients, along with smaller degree of connectivity, increased n-to-1 connectivity, smaller absolute clustering coefficients and shorter absolute path length.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that the mTLE alterations observed in functional connectivity and topological properties may be used to define tentative disease markers.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory for NeuroInformation of Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhengyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Dante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mantini
authors.forename: Jurong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Xujun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Huafu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult