title: Inverse associations of serum bilirubin with high sensitivity C-reactive protein, glycated hemoglobin, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the association of serum bilirubin, an endogenous antioxidant, with serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level, HbA(1c), and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in middle-aged and elderly Japanese men and women (n=12,400).
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of covariance and logistic regression analysis were used to estimate geometric means of hs-CRP and HbA(1c) and odds ratios of prevalent diabetes according to bilirubin concentrations, respectively, with statistical adjustment for behavioral factors and liver enzymes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Geometric means of hs-CRP and HbA(1c) were progressively lower with increasing concentrations of serum bilirubin in men and women each. An inverse association between serum bilirubin and HbA(1c) was slightly attenuated after adjustment for hs-CRP, but still remained highly significant (trend P=0.0004 in men and trend P=10(-5) in women). Multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of prevalent diabetes for the lowest to highest quintiles of serum total bilirubin were 1.00, 1.00, 0.73, 0.80, and 0.73 (trend P=0.002), without adjustment for hs-CRP, and 1.00, 1.04, 0.76, 0.86, and 0.79 (trend P=0.01), with adjustment for hs-CRP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher concentrations of serum bilirubin probably confer protection against the development of type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnaka
authors.forename: Suminori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Toyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoguchi
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Hisaya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawate
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takayanagi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D001663:Bilirubin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin