title: Significance of postbiopsy hemorrhage observed on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging in performing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Due to lack of tactile feedback, dissection of surgical planes during delicate procedures of nerve-sparing robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RALRP) can be hampered more by postbiopsy hematomas or adhesions compared with open surgery. Thus, we investigated association between extent of postbiopsy hemorrhage observed via preoperative magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with surgical difficulty of RALRP.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed records of 154 men who received prostate biopsy, MR imaging, and subsequently, nerve-sparing RALRP for clinically localized prostate cancer within 2 weeks of MR imaging. We scored degree of postbiopsy hemorrhage as shown on T1-weighted MR imaging (hemorrhage score) and analyzed potential association of hemorrhage score with variables representative of surgical difficulty (operative time, estimated blood loss, and margin positivity) and functional outcomes (urinary continence and erectile function).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among our subjects, total hemorrhage score demonstrated no significant associations with interval from biopsy to MR imaging (p = 0.210). In multivariate analyses, prostate volume and total hemorrhage score were observed to be significantly associated with operative time (p = 0.004 and 0.039, respectively) and estimated blood loss (p = 0.009 and 0.023, respectively). Patients' age and total hemorrhage score was observed to be independent predictor of the return of erectile function sufficient for vaginal intercourse at 6 months following RALRP (p = 0.003 and 0.036, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Degree of postbiopsy hemorrhage observed in preoperative MR imaging may be predictive of surgical difficulty for RALRP. Such findings provide concrete evidences that aftereffects of prostate biopsy have significant impact on performing RALRP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University, 300, Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam, Kyunggi-do, 463-707, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Dae Sung
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Ki
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hongzoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeong Kwon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Doo
authors.forename: Seong Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Cheol Yong
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Seok-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Byun
authors.forename: Sung Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hak Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012371:Robotics; D016896:Treatment Outcome