title: Estimation of an optimal chemotherapy utilisation rate for lung cancer: an evidence-based benchmark for cancer care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimal chemotherapy utilisation rates can serve as benchmarks to assess the quality of cancer service delivery. This study aims to determine the optimal proportion of patients with lung cancer that should receive chemotherapy at least once during the course of their illness, based on the best available evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  An optimal chemotherapy utilisation tree was constructed using indications for chemotherapy identified from evidence-based treatment guidelines. Data on the proportion of patient and tumour-related attributes for which chemotherapy was indicated were obtained and merged with the treatment indications to calculate an optimal chemotherapy utilisation rate. This optimal rate was compared with reported actual rates of chemotherapy utilisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chemotherapy is recommended at least once in 73% of all patients with lung cancer (93% of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and 69% of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients). Comparison of these benchmark rates with international reported actual chemotherapy utilisation rates reveals under-utilisation of chemotherapy in all newly diagnosed lung cancer patients, regardless of histological type and stage, with the exception of stage I NSCLC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The optimal chemotherapy utilisation rate can serve as a feasible, evidence-based measure of the quality of cancer care. Chemotherapy may be under-utilised in the initial management of lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Collaboration for Cancer Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Liverpool Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. Susannah.Jacob@sswahs.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Susannah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hovey
authors.forename: Weng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vinod
authors.forename: Geoff P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Delaney
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Barton
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D015276:Health Care Rationing; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012042:Registries; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States