title: Family environmental factors do not explain differences in the behavioral effect of a healthy diet promotion program in lower vocational schools among 12- to 14-year-old adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess whether family environmental factors affected changes in fruit and snack consumption among 12- to 14-year-old adolescents participating in a Dutch healthy diet promotion program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were derived from pretest and posttest questionnaires completed by adolescents in 10 schools in the intervention arm of the program trial and questionnaires completed by their parents during program implementation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lower vocational schools in the southern and central parts of The Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire answers of 502 parents were matched with those of their children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight school lessons using various theory-based materials and strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary intake, ethnicity, education level, employment status, parenting style, food purchase considerations, family food rules, and food availability and accessibility at home.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant family environmental predictors of program-induced changes in either fruit or snack intake were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A limitation of the study was that all data were self-reported. No evidence was found that there were subgroups of adolescents who profited less from the program because of family environmental factors.
authors.affiliation: Rescon, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marloes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Assema
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knibbe
authors.forename: Rutger C M E
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Engels
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brug
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012572:School Health Services; D014829:Vocational Education