title: Urinary incontinence should be added to the manifestation in women with Marfan syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to compare the incidence of urinary incontinence in women with Marfan syndrome and controls, hypothesizing that connective tissue abnormality could contribute to urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional historical cohort study was conducted on 14 premenopausal women with Marfan syndrome and 534 controls using Urogenital Distress Inventory Short Form and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire Short Form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Marfan subjects had significantly higher incidence of urinary symptoms, stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and urge urinary incontinence (UUI) than controls (P = 0.02, P = 0.03, P = 0.02), despite their lower parity (P = 0.01). Direct logistic regression analysis indicated that Marfan syndrome, parity and age were associated with SUI; while Marfan syndrome was the only significant predictor of UUI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Premenopausal women with Marfan syndrome had a higher incidence of reported urinary symptoms. Urinary incontinence should be added to the list of clinical manifestations in women with Marfan syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, NT Hong Kong, SAR, China.
authors.forename: Symphorosa S C
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: David K H
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Selina M W
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Stephen T S
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Terence T H
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lao
authors.forename: Kwong-Wai
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Choy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008382:Marfan Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*