Deconstructing repression: evolving models of co-repressor action.
A crucial aspect of development, homeostasis and prevention of disease is the strict maintenance of patterns of gene repression. Gene repression is largely achieved by the combinatorial action of various enzymatic complexes - known as co-repressor complexes - that are recruited to DNA by transcription factors and often act through enzymatic modification of histone protein tails. Our understanding of how co-repressors act has begun to change over recent years owing to the increased availability of genome-scale data. Here, we consider specific strategies that underlie repression events - for example, those mediated by the nuclear receptor co-repressor (NCoR, also known as NCOR1) and silencing mediator of retinoic acid and thyroid hormone receptor (SMRT, also known as NCOR2) co-repressor complexes - and discuss emerging themes in gene repression.
Perissi
Valentina
V
Department of Medicine, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Jepsen
Kristen
K
Glass
Christopher K
CK
Rosenfeld
Michael G
MG
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008957:Models, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA