Tomitella biformata gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Corynebacterineae isolated from a permafrost ice wedge.
Gram-reaction-positive, aerobic, non-spore-forming, irregular rod-shaped bacteria, designated AHU1821(T) and AHU1820, were isolated from an ice wedge in the Fox permafrost tunnel, Alaska. The strains were psychrophilic, growing at -5 to 27°C. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA and gyrB gene sequences indicated that the ice-wedge isolates formed a clade distinct from other mycolic-acid-containing bacteria within the suborder Corynebacterineae. The cell wall of strains AHU1821(T) and AHU1820 contained meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose, indicating chemotype IV. The muramic acids in the peptidoglycan were glycolated. The predominant menaquinone was MK-9(H(2)). The polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides and an unidentified glycolipid. The major fatty acids were hexadecenoic acid (C(16 : 1)), hexadecanoic acid (C(16 : 0)), octadecenoic acid (C(18 : 1)) and tetradecanoic acid (C(14 : 0)). Tuberculostearic acid was present in relatively small amounts (1 %). Strains AHU1821(T) and AHU1820 contained mycolic acids with 42-52 carbons. The DNA G+C content of the two strains was 69.3-71.6 mol% (T(m)). 16S rRNA, rpoB and recA gene sequences were identical between strains AHU1821(T) and AHU1820 and those of the gyrB gene showed 99.9 % similarity. Based on phylogenetic and phenotypic evidence, strains AHU1821(T) and AHU1820 represent a single novel species of a novel genus, for which the name Tomitella biformata gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Tomitella biformata is AHU1821(T) (=DSM 45403(T) =NBRC 106253(T)).
Katayama
Taiki
T
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Kato
Tomoko
T
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Tanaka
Michiko
M
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Douglas
Thomas A
TA
Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory, Fort Wainwright, AK 99703-0170, USA.
Brouchkov
Anatoli
A
Tyumen State Oil and Gas University, Tyumen Scientific Center, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 86 Malygin St, Tyumen 625048, Russia.
Abe
Ayumi
A
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Sone
Teruo
T
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
Fukuda
Masami
M
International Arctic Research Center, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775-7340, USA.
Asano
Kozo
K
Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, N9 W9, Kita-ku, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.
D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000413:Alaska; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D007053:Ice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009112:Muramic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D009171:Mycolic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D065946:Permafrost / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D007053:Ice; D009112:Muramic Acids; D009171:Mycolic Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D003960:Diaminopimelic Acid