title: Evaluation of gait characteristics and ground reaction forces in cognitively declined older adults with an emphasis on slip-induced falls.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between gait adaptation and slip/fall risk of older adults with cognitive impairments. The study investigated the gait characteristics of six healthy older adults and five older adults with dementia. Participants walked on an instrumented walkway at their preferred walking speeds. After ensuring that the preferred walking speeds were consistent, participants' natural posture and ground reaction forces were measured. The results suggested that participants with dementia walked more cautiously yet demanded more friction at the shoe/floor interface at the time of heel contact, increasing the risk of slip initiation. To reduce the risk of slip-induced falls among older adults with dementia, specific gait training to reduce friction demand requirements by increasing the transfer speed of the whole body mass is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Locomotion Research Laboratory, Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Thurmon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lockhart
authors.forename: Sukwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kapur
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jarrott
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003071:Cognition; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000150:complications* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016138:Walking