title: Interleukin-32gamma enhances the production of IL-6 and IL-8 in fibroblast-like synoviocytes via Erk1/2 activation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the present study, we examined the effect of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-32gamma, the most biologically active isoform, and its related molecules in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS).
  
  
  METHODS
  FLS were isolated from synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The secretion and expression of IL-6 and IL-8 were examined by ELISA and real-time PCR, and the activation of signaling molecules was evaluated by Western blot, electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), real-time PCR, and siRNA transfection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By IL-32gamma stimulation in RA FLS, the expressions of IL-6 and IL-8 were increased significantly, and the phosphorylated Erk1/2 and AP-1 were expressed prominently in Western blot and EMSA. In the Erk1/2 inhibited cells, IL-32gamma stimulation did not increase the mRNA expression of IL-6 and IL-8.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that IL-32gamma stimulation can induce the production of IL-6 and IL-8 from RA FLS via Erk1/2 activation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Gil
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang-Keun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soo-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woo-Shin
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Se Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C506536:IL33 protein, human; D000067596:Interleukin-33; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D007378:Interleukins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3