title: Microbially influenced corrosion of galvanized steel pipes in aerobic water systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of heterotrophic bacteria in the corrosion of galvanized steel in the presence of water.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Samples were taken from corroding galvanized steel pipes conveying water for specialist applications, and heterotrophic bacteria were isolated and cultured. The majority of bacteria were Gram-negative aerobes and included Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus pumilus, Afipia spp. and Blastobacter denitrificans/Bradyrhizobium japonicum. Zinc tolerance was assessed through growth and zinc disc diffusion experiments. In general, zinc negatively influenced growth rates. An unidentified yeast also isolated from the system demonstrated a high tolerance to zinc at concentrations up to 4 g l(-1) . Coupon experiments were performed to assess corrosion by the bacteria on galvanized steel and steel coupons. The majority of isolates as pure culture biofilms (69%) accelerated corrosion of galvanized coupons, assessed as zinc release, relative to sterile control coupons (P < 0·05). Pure culture biofilms did not increase the corrosion of steel, with four isolates demonstrating protective effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pure culture biofilms of heterotrophic bacteria isolated from a corroding galvanized pipe system were found to accelerate the corrosion of galvanized steel coupons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microbially influenced corrosion is a potential contributor to sporadically occurring failures in galvanized steel systems containing water. Management strategies should consider microbial control as a means for corrosion prevention in these systems.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia. natalie.bolton@flinders.edu.au
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bolton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Critchley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fabien
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cromar
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fallowfield
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018441:Biofilms; D003343:Corrosion; D052836:Heterotrophic Processes; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D013232:Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013232:Steel; D015032:Zinc