title: Embryonic and adult stem cell systems in mammals: ontology and regulation.
abstract: Stem cells are defined as having the ability to self-renew and to generate differentiated cells. During embryogenesis, cells are initially proliferative and pluripotent and then they gradually become restricted to different cell fates. In the adult, tissue stem cells are normally quiescent, but become proliferative upon injury. Knowledge from developmental biology and insights into the properties of stem cells are keys to further understanding and successful manipulation. Here, we first focus on ES cells, then on embryonic development, and then on tissue stem cells of endodermally derived tissues, particularly the liver and pancreas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stem Cell Biology, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics (IMEG), Kumamoto University, Honjo 2-2-1, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsumoto
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shiraki
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Shoen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kume
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins