[Evaluation of risk factors related to lead exposure in children and adolescents from Rio de Janeiro].
The importance of atmospheric lead in environmental global contamination is receiving increasing scientific attention. The main exposure monitoring approach is biological, but the environmental one has a key role, since the environment is the major source of exposure. The study aimed to identify the contamination sources and potential risk factors of the exposure in a 64 subject group formed by 0-16 years-old children from an economically deprived community in Rio de Janeiro. Lead concentrations in soil, water, dust and air were determined and neurological and carcinogenic risk factors for ingestion and inhalation were calculated. Blood samples were collected and used in the analysis of Pb-B, ALA-D% and ALA-D genotyping. The observed neurological risk factor was 549 times higher than reference dose for dust and 554 times higher in the case of ingestion. The carcinogenic risk factor for ingestion was about 4 times. Mean Pb-B was 5.6 microg/dL and 40% of the children presented Pb-B levels above the 6 microg/dL cutoff value. Mean ALA-D% was 40.3% and a correlation between Pb-B and ALA-D% was observed. ALAD1-2 genotype was identified in 10% of the children. The results will allow the understanding of our reality, supporting public health and environment organizations to carry out control actions and all-encompassing environmental surveillance.
Mattos
Rita de Cássia Oliveira da Costa
Rde C
Centro de Estudos da Saúde do Trabalhador e Ecologia Humana, Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Fiocruz, 21041-210 Rio de Janeiro RJ. mattos@ensp.fiocruz.br
Carvalho
Márcia Aparecida Ribeiro de
MA
Mainenti
Helena Ramirez Domingos
HR
Xavier Junior
Ely Caetano
EC
Sarcinelli
Paula de Novaes
Pde N
Carvalho
Leandro Barreto Vargas de
LB
Borges
Renato Marçullo
RM
Quitério
Simone Lorena
SL
Nogueira
Simone Mitri
SM
Costa
Isabele Campos
IC
Alves
Maria de Fátima Malizia
Mde F
D000293:Adolescent; D001938:Brazil; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood*; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
D007854:Lead