title: Effects of low concentration biodiesel blend application on modern passenger cars. Part 1: feedstock impact on regulated pollutants, fuel consumption and particle emissions.
abstract: Five biodiesels from different feedstocks (rapeseed, soy, sunflower, palm, and used fried oils) blended with diesel at 10% vol. ratio (B10), were tested on a Euro 3 common-rail passenger car. Limited effects (-2% to +4%) were observed on CO(2) emissions. CO and HC emissions increased between 10% and 25% on average, except at high speed - high power where emissions were too low to draw conclusions. NOx emissions increased by up to 20% for two out of the five blends, decreased by up to 15% for two other blends, and remained unchanged for one blend. Particulate matter (PM) was reduced for all blends by up to 25% and the reductions were positively correlated with the extent of biodiesel saturation. PM reductions are associated with consistent reductions in non-volatile particle number. A variable behaviour in particle number is observed when volatile particles are also accounted.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 458, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fontaras
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kousoulidou
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karavalakis
authors.forename: Theodoros
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tzamkiozis
authors.forename: Panayotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pistikopoulos
authors.forename: Leonidas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ntziachristos
authors.forename: Evangelos
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bakeas
authors.forename: Stamoulis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stournas
authors.forename: Zissis
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Samaras
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001336:Automobiles; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D056804:Biofuels; D052638:Particulate Matter