title: [Factors influencing the long-term success of lacrimal duct surgery and the prognostic value of dacryocystography].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Irrigation of the lacrimal duct with silicone tube intubation, endoscopic microdrill dacryoplasty and external dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) are commonly used in lacrimal duct surgery. Dacryocystography (DCG) is one of the standard procedures in preoperative imaging. This study evaluates the influence of individual parameters and the prognostic meaning of preoperative DCG on the success rates after lacrimal duct surgery, in order to predict more precisely the long-term outcome after different operative paradigms.
  
  
  METHODS
  145 patients (mean age 60 years; 32 % male) with lacrimal stenosis, who underwent lacrimal duct surgery in the University Eye Hospital Münster during 2002 were included in this retrospective study. Individual parameters (age, gender, preoperative duration of symptoms, lacrimal sac area and operative procedures) were recorded. The lacrimal sac area of each patient was calculated from preoperative DCG imaging. The individual parameters and the prognostic relevance of preoperative DCG were statistically analysed with regards to the long-term success rate after different surgical procedures. Criteria for success were an asymptomatic patient and a successful probing and irrigation of the lacrimal duct system at follow-up at 24 to 36 months after lacrimal duct surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a mean success rate of 79 %, DCR was most effective regarding long-term outcome. Particularly in elderly patients DCG was superior to minimal-invasive procedures. The mean area of the lacrimal sac, calculated from DCG imaging, was 18 mm (2). There was a significant correlation (p = 0.001) between the area of the lacrimal sac and long-term success of DCR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic microdrill dacryoplasty and DCR have the most successful options in the treatment of lacrimal stenosis. DCG was the most effective procedure in elderly patients. An enlargred lacrimal sac proved to be a positive prognostic factor for the long-term success of DCR.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsaugenklinik, Universität Münster. t.stupp@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stupp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spaniol
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prokosch
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thanos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pavlidis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D055815:Young Adult