[Spirituality as coping in Tibetan torture survivors].
BACKGROUND
There is solid documentation for the positive relationship between spirituality and health, but few examples of how this link may be used in projects of rehabilitation after war, civil conflicts and natural disasters. One such example is the Danida funded Tibetan Torture Program in India. This study aims to provide evidence of the Tibetan torture survivors' degree of traumatisation and their use of spirituality to overcome their difficult situation.


METHODS
The study consists of an assessment and a rehabilitation part. A total of 102 Tibetan torture survivors were interviewed about their coping mechanisms in overcoming trauma. In all, 36 of these survivors were receiving counselling and both the clients and their 16 professionals were interviewed after the treatment with open-ended questions about what was helpful and not helpful.


RESULTS
The torture survivors had symptoms of severe traumatisation (Hopkin's Symptom Checklist), but probably not as extensive as torture survivors from other cultures.


CONCLUSIONS
The Tibetan torture survivors use Tibetan Buddhism as an important coping mechanism. Most clients expressed satisfaction with counselling, but criticised the crudeness of our methods.
Elsass
Peter
P
Psykologisk Institut, Københavns Universitet, DK-1353 København K, Denmark. peter.elsass@psy.ku.dk
Carlsson
Jessica
J
Husum
Kristian
K
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D002016:Buddhism; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D012036:Refugees / Q000523:psychology; D012944:Social Support; D013140:Spiritualism; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology; D018609:Tibet; D014104:Torture / Q000523:psychology*