title: Risk assessment practice for essential metals.
abstract: This article addresses the content of the workshop, including a panel discussion relevant to delineation of a path forward in relation to risk assessment of essential metals. The state of the art of risk assessment and associated issues for essential metals are outlined initially, followed by brief illustration by the case studies considered at the workshop (i.e., copper, zinc, and manganese). Approaches for the future testing strategies of essential metals are discussed in terms of options to increase efficiency and accuracy of assessments. Subsequently, recommendations for pragmatic next steps to advance progress and facilitate uptake by the regulatory risk assessment community are presented.
authors.affiliation: McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment, Institute of Population Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5,, Canada. Bette.Meek@uottawa.ca
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Meek
authors.forename: Leonard S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Barbara D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Danzeisen
authors.forename: Joyce M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: Ian M F
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krewski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012377:Rodentia; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements