Gestational Diabetes Mellitus - the impact of maternal body mass index and glycaemic control on baby's birth weight.
OBJECTIVE
To asses the influence of the maternal BMI and glycaemic control in women with GDM on the baby's birth weight (BW).


METHODS
We analysed 180 women with GDM. Macrosomia has been defined as BW > 4000 gm, small for gestational age < 2700 gm and appropriate for gestational age between both. According to the baby s BW the pregnant women were divided into three groups: group 1 (G1) with BW < 2700 gm (n = 26); group 2 (G2) with BW between 2700 to 4000 gm (n = 117), and group 3 (G3) with BW > 4000 gm (n = 37). We also analysed BMI (kg/m2), HbA1c (%), PPG (mmol/L) and time of delivery (WG).


RESULTS
Comparisons between G1 and G2 showed: BMI (30.7 +/- 5 & 31 +/- 5.2; p < 0.7), HbA1c (6.4 +/- 0.8 & 5.1 +/- 0.8, p < 0.002), PPG (8.2 +/- 1.7 & 6.9 +/- 1.5, p < 0.02), time of delivery (35.2 +/- 3.8 & 38.6 +/- 1.5, p < 0.0001) and BW (2289 +/- 504 & 3474 +/- 334, p < 0.0001). Comparisons between G2 and G3 showed: BMI (31 +/- 5. 2 & 33.4 +/- 6.1; p < 0.02), HbA1c (5.2 +/- 1.1 & 6.4 +/- 2.3, p < 0.02), PPG (6.9 +/- 1.5 & 8.2 +/- 1.9, p < 0.02), time of delivery (38.6 +/- 1.5 & 39.3 +/- 1.4, p < 0.01) and BW (3474 +/- 334 & 4431 +/- 302, p < 0.0001). Comparisons between G1 and G3 showed the difference at delivery time and the baby's BW (p < 0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
Maternal obesity and PPG contribute to macrosomia and also PPG to SGE.
Krstevska
B
B
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Clinic, Medical Faculty, Skopje, R. Macedonia. branakrstevska@yahoo.com
Mishevska
S
S
Janevska
E
E
Simeonova
S
S
Livrinova
V
V
Pemovska
G
G
Velkoska Nakova
V
V
Serafimoski
V
V
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011247:Pregnancy; D015430:Weight Gain
D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin