title: [Effects of cycloartocarpin A and artocarpin extracted from Fructus Artocarpin Heterophylli on apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of cycloartocarpin A (ACR-2) and artocarpin (ACR-3), monomeric compounds isolated from Fructus Artocarpi Heterophylli, on apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cells were routinely cultured, and divided into experiment group and control group. The SMMC-7721 cells were treated with different concentrations of ACR-2 (3.46 x 10(-3), 13.82 x (-3), 55.30 x 10(-3) mmol/L) and ACR-3 (6.88 x 10(-3), 27.52 x 10(-3), 110.09 x 10(-3) mmol/L), and the SGC-7901 cells were also treated with different concentrations of ACR-2 (8.06 x 10(-3), 32.26 x 10(-3), 129.03 x 10(-3) mmol/L) and ACR-3 (2.87 x 10(-3), 11.47 x 10(-3), 45.87 x 10(-3) mmol/L), with PBS (DMSO<0.1%) as control treatment. Cell apoptosis was measured by double labeled staining with Hoechst33342/propidium iodide (PI) and TdT-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ACR-2 and ACR-3 could induce apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cells. Some of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cells demonstrated typical apoptosis after being treated with ACR-2 and ACR-3. Hoechst33342/PI staining showed that cells were fraught with overlapping nuclei and nuclear debris or lobule, and the nuclear appeared light blue. TUNEL showed that cells permeated with overlapping nuclei and nuclear debris or lobule, and the nuclear appeared brown. Less apoptotic cells were observed in negative control group, and the nuclear appeared light blue. The apoptosis rates of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cells in the ACR-2 and ACR-3 treated groups were significant higher than those in the control group (P<0.05, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ACR-2 and ACR-3 can induce apoptosis of SMMC-7721 and SGC-7901 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Materia Madica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Yan-long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ai-jun
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Hui-qing
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Qiu-shuang
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cong-cong
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guo-fu
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D031622:Artocarpus / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D037121:Plant Lectins; C090683:artocarpin lectin