Relative validity of dietary patterns derived from a self-administered diet history questionnaire using factor analysis among Japanese adults.
OBJECTIVE
Although dietary pattern approaches derived from dietary assessment questionnaires are widely used, only a few studies in Western countries have reported the validity of this approach. We examined the relative validity of dietary patterns derived from a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ) among Japanese adults.


METHODS
The DHQ, assessing diet during the preceding month, and 4 d dietary records (DR) were collected in each season over one year. To derive dietary patterns, 145 food items in the DHQ and 1259 in the DR were classified into thirty-three predefined food groups, and entered into a factor analysis.


METHODS
Three areas in Japan; Osaka (urban), Nagano (rural inland) and Tottori (rural coastal).


METHODS
A total of ninety-two Japanese women and ninety-two Japanese men aged 31-76 years.


RESULTS
We identified three dietary patterns ('healthy', 'Western' and 'Japanese traditional') in women and two ('healthy' and 'Western') in men, which showed a relatively similar direction and magnitude of factor loadings of food groups across the first and mean of four DHQ (DHQ1 and mDHQ, respectively) and 16 d DR. The Pearson correlation coefficients between DHQ1 and 16 d DR for the healthy, Western and Japanese traditional patterns in women were 0.57, 0.36 and 0.44, and for the healthy and Western patterns in men were 0.62 and 0.56, respectively. When mDHQ was examined, the correlation coefficients improved for women (0.45-0.69).


CONCLUSIONS
Dietary patterns derived from the DHQ could be used for epidemiological studies as surrogates of those derived from DR.
Okubo
Hitomi
H
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine, the University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Murakami
Kentaro
K
Sasaki
Satoshi
S
Kim
Mi Kyung
MK
Hirota
Naoko
N
Notsu
Akiko
A
Fukui
Mitsuru
M
Date
Chigusa
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012621:Seasons; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*