title: Effect of reduced total blood volume on left ventricular volumes and kinetics in type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although impaired left ventricular (LV) diastolic function is commonly observed in patients with type 2 diabetes, it remains unclear whether the impairment is caused by altered LV relaxation or changes in LV preload. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of LV function and LV loading conditions on stroke volume in men with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging scans were performed in eight men with type 2 diabetes and 11 non-diabetic men matched for age, weight and physical activity level. Total blood volume was determined with the Evans blue dye dilution technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  End-diastolic volume (EDV), the ratio of peak early to late mitral inflow velocity (E/A) and stroke volume were lower in men with type 2 diabetes than in non-diabetic individuals. Peak filling rate and peak ejection rate were not different between diabetic and non-diabetic individuals; however, men with type 2 diabetes had proportionally longer systolic duration than non-diabetic individuals. Heart rate was higher and total blood volume was lower in men with type 2 diabetes. The lower total blood volume was correlated with a lower EDV in men with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Men with type 2 diabetes have an altered cardiac cycle and lower end-diastolic and stroke volume. A lower total blood volume and higher heart rate in men with type 2 diabetes suggest that changes in LV preload, independent of changes in LV relaxation or contractility, influence LV diastolic filling and stroke volume in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. lalande.sophie@mayo.edu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lalande
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Baldi
mesh_terms: D001810:Blood Volume; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*