title: Genotoxicity study of photolytically treated 2-chloropyridine aqueous solutions.
abstract: 2-Chloropyridine (2-CPY) has been identified as a trace organic chemical in process streams, wastewater and even drinking water. Furthermore, it appears to be formed as a secondary pollutant during the decomposition of specific insecticides. As reported in our previous work, 2-CPY was readily removed and slowly mineralised when subjected to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation at 254 nm. Moreover, 2-CPY was found to be genotoxic at 100 microg ml(-1) but it was not genotoxic at or below 50 microg ml(-1). In this work 2-CPY aqueous solutions were treated by means of UV irradiation at 254 nm. 2-CPY mineralisation history under different conditions is shown. 2-CPY was found to mineralise completely upon prolonged irradiation. Identified products of 2-CPY photolytic decomposition are presented. Solution genotoxicity was tested as a function of treatment time. Aqueous solution samples, taken at different photo-treatment times were tested in cultured human lymphocytes applying the cytokinesis block micronucleus (CBMN) assay. It was found that the solution was genotoxic even when 2-CPY had been practically removed. This shows that photo-treatment of 2-CPY produces genotoxic products. Upon prolonged irradiation solution genotoxicity values approached the control value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management, University of Ioannina, Seferi 2, Agrinio 30100, Greece. dvlastos@cc.uoi.gr
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vlastos
authors.forename: Charalambos G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Skoutelis
authors.forename: Ioannis T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Theodoridis
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: Maria I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Papadaki
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D010782:Photolysis; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012996:Solutions; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D011725:Pyridines; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C083126:2-chloropyridine