A high-throughput 1,536-well luminescence assay for glutathione S-transferase activity.
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) constitute a family of detoxification enzymes that catalyze the conjugation of glutathione with a variety of hydrophobic compounds, including drugs and their metabolites, to yield water-soluble derivatives that are excreted in urine or bile. Profiling the effect of small molecules on GST activity is an important component in the characterization of drug candidates and compound libraries. Additionally, specific GST isozymes have been implicated in drug resistance, especially in cancer, and thus represent potential targets for intervention. To date, there are no sensitive miniaturized high-throughput assays available for GST activity detection. A series of GST substrates containing a masked luciferin moiety have been described recently, offering the potential for configuring a sensitive screening assay via coupled luciferase reaction and standard luminescence detection. We report on the optimization and miniaturization of this homogeneous method to 1,536-well format using GSTs from 3 different species: mouse isozyme A4-4, human isozymes A1-1, M1-1, and P1-1, and the major GST from the parasitic worm Schistosoma japonicum.
Yasgar
Adam
A
NIH Chemical Genomics Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3370, USA.
Shultz
John
J
Zhou
Wenhui
W
Wang
Hui
H
Huang
Fen
F
Murphy
Nancy
N
Abel
Erika L
EL
DiGiovanni
John
J
Inglese
James
J
Simeonov
Anton
A
D000818:Animals; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D057075:Enzyme Assays / Q000379:methods*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D049449:Luminescence; D051379:Mice; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012549:Schistosoma japonicum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D007527:Isoenzymes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D054852:Small Molecule Libraries; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione