Growth factors as active participants in carcinogenesis: a perspective.
Growth factors are low molecular peptides active in the stimulation of cell proliferation and in the regulation of embryonic development and cellular differentiation. Significant progress has been made in developing effective strategies to treat human malignancies with new chemical compounds based on a rationale directed against various components of signaling pathways. Many of these drugs target a growth factor receptor--for instance, in the form of monoclonal antibodies or inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, such as monoclonal antibodies against epidermal growth factor receptors used in treating certain types of breast cancer. Imatinib mesylate [Gleevec]) is an excellent example of mediators of signal transduction, such as tyrosine kinases. Growth factors proper are used to ameliorate various and sometimes fatal side effects of cytotoxic and/or myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Basic characteristics of several growth families are discussed with therapeutic modalities based on growth factor activity or, more often, inhibition of such activity.
Halper
J
J
Department of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7388, USA. jhalper@uga.edu
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D000077153:Progranulins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000502:physiology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D000077153:Progranulins; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; D013002:Somatomedins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor