title: Gene polymorphisms in association with emerging cardiovascular risk markers in adult women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence on the associations of emerging cardiovascular disease risk factors/markers with genes may help identify intermediate pathways of disease susceptibility in the general population. This population-based study is aimed to determine the presence of associations between a wide array of genetic variants and emerging cardiovascular risk markers among adult US women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current analysis was performed among the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III phase 2 samples of adult women aged 17 years and older (sample size n = 3409). Fourteen candidate genes within ADRB2, ADRB3, CAT, CRP, F2, F5, FGB, ITGB3, MTHFR, NOS3, PON1, PPARG, TLR4, and TNF were examined for associations with emerging cardiovascular risk markers such as serum C-reactive protein, homocysteine, uric acid, and plasma fibrinogen. Linear regression models were performed using SAS-callable SUDAAN 9.0. The covariates included age, race/ethnicity, education, menopausal status, female hormone use, aspirin use, and lifestyle factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In covariate-adjusted models, serum C-reactive protein concentrations were significantly (P value controlling for false-discovery rate < or = 0.05) associated with polymorphisms in CRP (rs3093058, rs1205), MTHFR (rs1801131), and ADRB3 (rs4994). Serum homocysteine levels were significantly associated with MTHFR (rs1801133).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significant associations between certain gene variants with concentration variations in serum C-reactive protein and homocysteine among adult women need to be confirmed in further genetic association studies.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. afan@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Amy Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yesupriya
authors.forename: Man-huei
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Meaghan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: House
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Renée
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ned
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Nicole F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Dowling
authors.forename: Ali H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mokdad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006710:Homocysteine; D014527:Uric Acid; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein