title: Assessment of sulcation of the fetal brain in cases of isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum using in utero MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is gathering evidence to suggest that agenesis of the corpus callosum is associated with delayed fetal sulcation; it is possible that the corpus callosum facilitates normal gyral development. In this paper we sought to confirm whether delayed sulcation is found in fetuses with isolated agenesis of the corpus callosum as judged by in utero MR imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of 20 fetuses with isolated corpus callosum agenesis investigated by in utero MR imaging and 20 aged-matched normal fetuses was performed in the second or third trimester. All fetuses were singleton pregnancies with known gestational age, imaged on a 1.5T superconducting MR system. Estimation of sulcation maturity was made with reference to a standard atlas and subgroup analysis of earlier gestation (group 1, 21-26 weeks) and later gestation (group 2, 30-34 weeks) fetuses was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group 1 (n = 12) did not show a statistically significant difference between the 2 subgroups (P = .44) in terms of sulcation. A significant difference was demonstrated in the later gestation, group 2 (n = 8) fetal analyses; mean difference between consensus and actual gestation for normal fetuses was 0.9 weeks (SD of 1.5 weeks) versus -0.5 weeks (SD of 1.1 weeks) for the agenesis of corpus callosum cases (P = .046), suggestive of delayed sulcation in callosal agenesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Delayed sulcation encountered in third trimester fetuses with agenesis of the corpus callosum may be seen and does not in itself imply an additional brain abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield NHS Teaching Hospitals Trust, Glossop Road, Sheffield, UK. Daniel.Warren@sth.nhs.uk
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: D J A
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D055673:Acrocallosal Syndrome / Q000473:pathology*; D061085:Agenesis of Corpus Callosum; D002465:Cell Movement; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000002:abnormalities*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D054220:Malformations of Cortical Development / Q000473:pathology*; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies