title: Severe cysticercal meningitis: clinical and imaging characteristics.
abstract: In disease-endemic areas, severe cysticercal meningitis (SCM) is characterized by intense inflammatory cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and negative bacterial and fungal cultures. There have been no systematic studies of SCM. We characterized patients with SCM and compare them with neurocysticercosis (NC) patients with mild CSF abnormalities by conducting a nine-year retrospective review at a neurological referral center. Two groups of patients were compared: group A, those with severe CSF pleocytosis > 1,000 cells/mm(3) (n = 12), and group B, those with CSF pleocytosis <or= 1,000 cells/mm(3) (n = 126). All patients had positive CSF results in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cysticercal antigens and negative CSF cultures for bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria. Intracranial hypertension, meningeal signs, CSF hypoglycorrachia, and a longer clinical course of NC were more frequently seen in group A. It is likely that SCM often goes unrecognized. Its correct identification may reduce morbidity and risks of unnecessary surgery in patients with chronic NC and CSF shunts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychopharmacology, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico City, Mexico. grace_goker@yahoo.de
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cárdenas
authors.forename: Helgi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ríos
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fleury
authors.forename: José Luís
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Soto-Hernández
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020019:Neurocysticercosis / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies