title: Rhabdomyolysis accompanied by spontaneous spinal subdural and subarachnoid hematoma related to amphetamine abuse.
abstract: METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the rare case of a patient presenting with rhabdomyolysis accompanied by spontaneous spinal subdural hematoma (SDH) and subarachnoid hematoma (SAH), presumably caused by amphetamine abuse.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Spontaneous SDH accompanied by SAH is an extremely rare condition. To date, only one case describing spinal SAH related to amphetamine abuse has been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 41-year-old man who had a history of amphetamine abuse presented with severe frank pain and lower limb numbness with incomplete paraplegia. Urinary incontinence was subsequently noted. Thoracic-spine magnetic resonance imaging revealed SDHs in the dorsal aspect of the middle thoracic level and along the anterior part of the thecal sac, as well as SAH in the T11-T12 level. Diffuse paraspinal hyperintensity was detected, indicating rhabdomyolysis (creatine phosphokinase levels were also abnormally elevated).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient responded well to decompression surgical treatment and has since then exhibited no neurologic deficits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have described a novel case of spinal SDH with SAH. The possible underlying cause of amphetamine abuse is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. chunlin2539@gmail.com
authors.forename: Chun-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Der-Yang
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D046649:Hematoma, Subdural, Spinal / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome