title: Cynomorium songaricum extracts functionally modulate transporters of gamma-aminobutyric acid and monoamine.
abstract: Cynomorium songaricum Rupr. (SY) is a central nervous system-oriented herb material that has actions of anti-dementia, anti-epilepsy, and anti-stress. It is unclear whether SY would be biologically active in functionally regulating neurotransmitter transporters. Here, we assessed these potential actions using Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) transporter (GAT-1), dopamine transporter (DAT), norepinephrine transporter (NET), or serotonin transporter (SERT) (i.e. G1, D8, N1, or S6 cells, respectively). It was shown that SY extracts, such as SYw, SYa, SYp, SYc, SYe, and SYb (SY water, ethanol, petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butyl alcohol extract, respectively) increased dopamine/norepinephrine (DA/NE) uptake by corresponding D8/N1 cells and decreased gamma-aminobutyric acid/serotoin (GABA/5HT) uptake by corresponding G1/S6 cells; wherein, the potency or efficacy of SYc for up-regulating DA/NE uptake and that of SYb for inhibiting GABA/5HT uptake were relatively stronger. Additionally, GABA/5H-uptake inhibition by SY extracts were also seen in cortical synaptosomes, and DA/NE-uptake enhancement by SYc was dependent on the activity of DAT and NET. Thus, SY extracts especially SYc and SYb are novel neurotransmitter-transporter modulators functioning as DAT/NET activators and/or GAT-1/SERT inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Cell Star Bio-Technologies Co., Limited, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Wei
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Li-He
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D031482:Cynomorium / Q000737:chemistry*; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013574:Synaptosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D050485:GABA Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D050484:Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D012701:Serotonin; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid