Effects of low concentration biodiesel blend application on modern passenger cars. Part 1: feedstock impact on regulated pollutants, fuel consumption and particle emissions.
Five biodiesels from different feedstocks (rapeseed, soy, sunflower, palm, and used fried oils) blended with diesel at 10% vol. ratio (B10), were tested on a Euro 3 common-rail passenger car. Limited effects (-2% to +4%) were observed on CO(2) emissions. CO and HC emissions increased between 10% and 25% on average, except at high speed - high power where emissions were too low to draw conclusions. NOx emissions increased by up to 20% for two out of the five blends, decreased by up to 15% for two other blends, and remained unchanged for one blend. Particulate matter (PM) was reduced for all blends by up to 25% and the reductions were positively correlated with the extent of biodiesel saturation. PM reductions are associated with consistent reductions in non-volatile particle number. A variable behaviour in particle number is observed when volatile particles are also accounted.
Fontaras
Georgios
G
Laboratory of Applied Thermodynamics, Aristotle University Thessaloniki, P.O. Box 458, GR 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Kousoulidou
Marina
M
Karavalakis
Georgios
G
Tzamkiozis
Theodoros
T
Pistikopoulos
Panayotis
P
Ntziachristos
Leonidas
L
Bakeas
Evangelos
E
Stournas
Stamoulis
S
Samaras
Zissis
Z
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001336:Automobiles; D056804:Biofuels / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D052638:Particulate Matter / Q000032:analysis*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D056804:Biofuels; D052638:Particulate Matter