title: [Microbial associations defecting in children with chronic pyelonephritis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study rate of detection of bacteria and viruses from different taxonomic groups and their associations in children with pyelonephritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy-four patients aged 5-10 years divided on two groups were studied: 1st group--240 children with chronic secondary pyelonephritis, 2nd group--children with nephrectomy due to terminal stage of renal obstructive process. Qualitative and quantitative composition of bacterial flora in urine and renal biopsy samples was studied by bacteriological methods as well as presence of viruses (HSVI, HSVII, CMV, EBV, HPV) by means of PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 1, 72.2% of children had bacterial mixed infection with associations of coagulase-negative staphylococci, Escherichia, peptococci, and Mycoplasma. Herpesviruses and human papillomaviruses were detected in 50.0% of cases. In group 2, bacterial flora was isolated from preoperative urine in diagnostically-significant titer in 91.2% of cases, whereas in urine obtained from the same patients during operation the microorganisms were detected in 38.2% of cases with predominance of Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma. Bacteriological tests of renal biopsy samples yielded bacteria in 29.5% of cases. Studied viruses were detected in preoperative and intraoperative urine as well as in renal biopsy samples in 52.9%, 44.1%, and 58.8% of cases, respectively. In 32.4% of patients viruses were detected in biopsy samples but not in intraoperative renal pelvis' urine. There was no difference in HPV and CMV detection rate in the nephrectomy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial-viral mixed infection is encountered in children with obstructive pyelonephritis and this should be taken into account during diagnostics and treatment of this condition.
authors.forename: Iu L
authors.initials: IuL
authors.lastname: Naboka
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Vasil'eva
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kogan
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Gudima
authors.forename: I Iu
authors.initials: IIu
authors.lastname: Suchkov
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014780:Viruses / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification