title: Fractured penis: diagnosis and management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Penile fracture is a well-recognized clinical entity. It is relatively uncommon and is considered a urological emergency. Its management has been a subject of controversy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this article, we will review contemporary knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, evaluation, and evolving management strategies of penile fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case report was discussed followed by an English-language Medline review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of the available literature to establish best-practice management.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The injury is defined as the traumatic rupture of the corpus cavernosum secondary to a blunt trauma of the erect penis. The condition is underreported. The commonest causes were coital injuries and penile manipulation. The diagnosis was usually fairly straightforward because of the stereotypical clinical presentation. Associated injuries included urethral rupture. Imaging was helpful in selected cases. Conservative measures were associated with increased complications. Most authors advocated early surgical repair. False explorations have been reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penile fracture is a clinical diagnosis. The ideal management has evolved and remains largely surgical. Preoperative imaging should not delay surgical repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, University of Western Ontario, Ontario, Canada. tshaiji@gmail.com
authors.forename: Tariq F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Al-Shaiji
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.forename: Gerald B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Brock
mesh_terms: D003075:Coitus / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010413:Penis / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012421:Rupture / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*