title: Salivary antioxidants and metalloproteinases in juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
abstract: Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common autoimmune inflammatory disease in children; joint inflammation is the hallmark of the disease. Thirty-five children with JIA were studied, of whom 26 had active disease and 14 were receiving anti-TNF therapy (5 with Infliximab, 9 with Etanercept). Sixteen healthy controls also were studied. Saliva samples were obtained for analysis of anti-oxidant status, metalloproteinases (MMPs) and sialochemistry. The total antioxidant status was significantly higher in the saliva of all JIA patients, whether treated (P = 0.014) or not treated (P = 0.038) with anti-TNF agents. The increase in antioxidant status (TAS) in the saliva of the active patients was nearly two times higher than that of non-active patients (P = 0.01). MMP levels were significantly lower in JIA patients than in controls. MMP-9, MMP-3 and MMP-2 were lower in JIA patients without anti-TNF treatment by 36.7% (P = 0.01), 30.0% (P = 0.0001) and 10.7% (P = 0.0001), respectively. A greater reduction in MMP levels was observed in the group of patients treated with anti-TNF drugs: MMP-9, MMP-3 and MMP-2 were lower than in controls by 51.1% (P = 0.0001), 61.5% (P = 0.0001) and 55.4% (P = 0.0001), respectively. Children with JIA exhibited a significantly higher salivary antioxidant activity and significantly lower MMP levels. Anti-TNF treatment was associated with a further decrease in MMP levels in the saliva of JIA patients while an active state of JIA was associated with a further increase in the salivary antioxidant activity. Anti-TNF treatment may modulate the degradation process during the course of arthritis by inhibition of the activity of MMP.
authors.affiliation: Meyer Children's Hospital, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Riva
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brik
authors.forename: Irit
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Savulescu
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Borovoi
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gavish
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D045726:Metalloproteases / Q000032:analysis*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D045726:Metalloproteases