Combination of anti-angiogenic therapy and virotherapy: arming oncolytic viruses with anti-angiogenic genes.
Angiogenesis is essential for development and tissue repair, and is controlled by a balance of inhibitors and promoters. Overactive angiogenesis promotes tumor progression and other chronic disorders, including diabetic retinopathy and rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery of angiogenesis inhibitors has resulted in a promising therapeutic approach to these diseases. However, the benefits of anti-angiogenic drugs have been modest, stimulating interest in developing more effective approaches by combining anti-angiogenic therapy with other therapeutics. Oncolytic virotherapies are attractive therapeutics for cancer, but virotherapy alone has had similar problems to anti-angiogenic therapy, with few examples of clinical efficacy. This review summarizes the progress of the emerging field of combinations of anti-angiogenic therapy and virotherapy, and highlights future challenges in experimental and translational research that need to be addressed in order for these therapeutics to advance into the clinic.
Tysome
James R
JR
Queen Mary University of London, Centre for Molecular Oncology & Imaging, Institute of Cancer, Barts, UK.
Lemoine
Nick R
NR
Wang
Yaohe
Y
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D050504:Oncolytic Viruses / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D018925:Chemokines; D007378:Interleukins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases