title: Characterization of trisulfide modification in antibodies.
abstract: Trisulfides are a posttranslational modification formed by the insertion of a sulfur atom into a disulfide bond. Although reports for trisulfides in proteins are limited, we find that they are a common modification in natural and recombinant antibodies of all immunoglobulin G (IgG) subtypes. Trisulfides were detected only in interchain linkages and were predominantly in the light-heavy linkages. Factors that lead to trisulfide formation and elimination and their impact on activity and stability were investigated. The peptide mapping methods developed for characterization and quantification of trisulfides should be applicable to any antibody and can be easily adapted for other types of proteins.
authors.affiliation: Biogen Idec, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Dingyi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Weinreb
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Lihe
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Susan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kshirsagar
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Sha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mi
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: R Blake
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Pepinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000737:chemistry; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000737:chemistry; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000737:chemistry; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004220:Disulfides; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013440:Sulfides