title: Luminal vena cava superior and right atrial obstruction associated with severe tricuspid valve stenosis due to endocardial pacemaker leads: an extremely rare complication of permanent pacemakers.
abstract: In this report, we describe a case with severe tricuspid stenosis associated with partial luminal obstruction of the right atrium and vena cava superior secondary to transvenous pacemaker leads in a 49-year-old patient who had a permanent pacemaker implanted 17 years ago. The patient had no specific symptoms related to above findings; however, after clinical suspicion, transthoracic and transoesophageal echocardiographic examination showed large mobile masses attached to the thickened transvenous pacemaker leads. Leads and generator were removed surgically, but some parts of transvenous leads could not be extracted due to massive fibrotic adhesions. It is possible that such cases will be more common due to increasing number of cardiac rhythm device implantations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Yuksek Ihtisas Hospital, 451. Sokak 42.cadde Ipekyolu konutlari 7/23, Cukurambar, 06520 Ankara, Turkey. umit.guray@gmail.com
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Güray
authors.forename: Yesim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Güray
authors.forename: Ayça
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boyaci
authors.forename: Burcu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirkan
authors.forename: Fehmi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Katircioglu
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004699:Endocardium; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014264:Tricuspid Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery