title: The neovessel occlusion efficacy of 15-hydroxypurpurin-7-lactone dimethyl ester induced with photodynamic therapy.
abstract: In this study, the photodynamic therapy (PDT) induced efficacy of a semi-synthesized analogue 15(1)-hydroxypurpurin-7-lactone dimethyl ester or G2, in terms of chick chorioallantoic membrane blood vessel occlusion was evaluated in reference to verteporfin. Early formulation studies showed that G2 prepared in a system of cremophor EL 2.5% and ethanol 2.5% in saline was biocompatible up to 20 microL volume of injection. Following injection, G2 accumulation peaked within the first minute and its extravasation from intra- to extra-vascular occurred somewhat slower as compared with verteporfin. In the PDT study, closure of capillaries and small neovessels was observed with 4 microg per embryo of G2 and a light dose of 20 J cm(-2) at a fluence rate of 40 mW cm(-2) filtered at 400-440 nm-a result that may be considered optimum for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Also, partial occlusion of the large vessels was observed using the same dose of G2 and light-an effect which is desirable for cancer treatment. From this study, we conclude that G2 has the potential to be developed as a therapeutic agent for photodynamic treatment for AMD and cancer.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Initiatives Foundation (CARIF), Sime Darby Medical Centre, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Siang Hui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Patrycja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nowak-Sliwinska
authors.forename: Fadzly Adzhar
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Kamarulzaman
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van den Bergh
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wagnières
authors.forename: Hong Boon
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077362:Verteporfin
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D000077362:Verteporfin; C511975:purpurin anthraquinone