Arthrogryposis multiplex congenital (AMC) in a three year old boy: differential diagnosis with distal arthrogryposis: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenital (AMC) is characterized by contractions of multiple joints present at birth. The involved muscles are partially or totally replaced by fat or fibrous tissue. Talipes equinovarus and scoliosis are also frequently reported.


METHODS
This 2 year was born after uneventful pregnancy, with normal birth weight and length. The parents are unrelated, young and healthy. No malformations or mental retardation have been reported in the family. Since his birth a specific posture was noted: internal rotation at the shoulders, extension at the elbows, and flexion at the wrists. In addition, the child has a severe equinovarus deformity of the feet. Syndactily between II and III finger was also noted. His face is round with a frontal midline capillary hemangioma, while his jaw appears to be small. Mental development is normal. The karyotype is: 46, XY.


CONCLUSIONS
About 150 syndromes have arthrogryphosis as a presenting sign. AMC is a distinct entity and distinction with the distal forms of arthrogryphosis can be difficult, since there is a considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity. A comprehensive musculoskeletal evaluation and genetic consultation is necessary.
Gucev
Zoran S
ZS
Medical Faculty Skopje, 50 Divizija BB, 1000 Skopje, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.
Pop-Jordanova
Nada
N
Dumalovska
Gordana
G
Stomnaroska
Orhideja
O
Zafirovski
Gorgji
G
Tasic
Velibor B
VB