title: Surveillance and molecular characterization of rotavirus strains circulating in Manipur, north-eastern India: increasing prevalence of emerging G12 strains.
abstract: To determine the frequency and genotypes of rotavirus strains, samples were collected from children hospitalized with acute diarrhea at the Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Manipur. The globally common genotypes G1P[8] and G2P[4] constituted 58% of the total positive strains, while 3% and 8% strains were emerging genotypes, G9P[6] and G12P[6]. This is the first report of genotype G12 in Manipur. The G12 strains clustered with lineage III strains and had >98% identity with corresponding rotaviruses from Bangladesh, Thailand and the USA. Other uncommon G-P combinations including G4P[4], G4P[6], G10P[6] and G9P[19], along with a few strains that could not be typed were also found. The VP7 genes of G4 and G10 strains clustered with porcine and bovine strains, indicating possible zoonotic transmission. High frequency (36-62%) of rotavirus infection and predominance of G1P[8] and G2P[4] among children with acute diarrhea emphasized the need for implementation of currently available vaccines to reduce the burden of rotavirus induced diarrhea in India.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Beliaghata, Kolkata, India.
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Shiladitya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: Parikshit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bagchi
authors.forename: Dipanjan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: Ng Brajachand
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Umesh D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Parashar
authors.forename: Jon R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gentsch
authors.forename: Mamta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chawla-Sarkar
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000821:virology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005838:Genotype; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D010802:Phylogeny; D015995:Prevalence; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D012621:Seasons; D013552:Swine; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000235:genetics; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C081369:NS28 protein, rotavirus; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014118:Toxins, Biological; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus; C050779:VP7 protein, Rotavirus; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; C079234:NS35 protein, rotavirus