title: Intrinsic motivation as a mediator of relationships between symptoms and functioning among individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders in a diverse urban community.
abstract: This study investigated intrinsic motivation as a mediator of the relationship between clinical symptoms and functioning. The mediation model was tested with a sample of 166 adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorders attending psychosocial rehabilitation programs in a diverse urban community. Ethnic minority status was examined as a moderator of the mediation model. Motivation was measured using items reflecting intrapsychic drive. Symptoms were assessed with the expanded Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and functioning with the Role Functioning Scale. Motivation was a significant mediator of the relationship between functioning and all symptom scores; fully mediating the relationship between functioning and negative, disorganized, and global symptoms, and partially mediating the relationship between positive symptoms and functioning. Motivation scores between ethnic minority and nonminority individuals differed significantly (p < 0.05), but no moderation effect was indicated. The strong mediation effect schizophrenia of motivation on the symptoms-functioning relationship supports future work to translate findings into effective recovery-oriented services.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. amyamada@usc.edu
authors.forename: Ann-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tam Q
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Dinh
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barrio
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brekke
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D003625:Data Collection; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data