Plant derived omega-3-fatty acids protect mitochondrial function in the brain.
Perilla frutescens seed oil (PFSO) represents a rich source of unsaturated fatty acids, especially of omega-3 linolenic acid and is commonly used as herbal food supplement with beneficial effects on the vascular system. The present study investigated the effects of PFSO on the central nervous system (CNS) and provides new insight into potential mechanisms for protective properties of unsaturated fatty acids within the CNS. PFSO was administered chronically to guinea pigs and neuroprotective properties were assessed ex vivo in dissociated brain cells. Dissociated brain cells isolated from PFSO treated guinea pigs were less vulnerable against nitrosative stress as indicated by decreased levels of reactive oxygen species, by stabilized mitochondrial membrane potential and enhanced levels of adenosine-triphosphate. In the brain, levels of oleic, linoleic, arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acids were significantly enhanced. However, fatty acid composition and membrane dynamics of isolated synaptosomal plasma membranes were not affected. Our findings provide new insights into the potential mechanisms for the neuroprotective actions of unsaturated fatty acids and identified PFSO as promising nutraceutical and possible alternative to fish oil supplements to provide healthful activities in the brain.
Eckert
Gunter P
GP
Department of Pharmacology, Campus Riedberg, Biocenter, University of Frankfurt, Germany. G.P.Eckert@em.uni-frankfurt.de
Franke
Cornelia
C
Nöldner
Michael
M
Rau
Oliver
O
Wurglics
Mario
M
Schubert-Zsilavecz
Manfred
M
Müller
Walter E
WE
D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D031344:Perilla frutescens; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010938:Plant Oils; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; C058216:perilla seed oil