title: Three-dimensional ultrasound imaging for diagnosis of urethrovaginal fistula.
abstract: We present a novel technique for visualization of a urethrovaginal fistula. A 52-year-old patient presented with persistent urinary incontinence, after having three mid-urethral sling procedures performed within the past year. The diagnosis of a urethrovaginal fistula was made by endovaginal 3-D endovaginal ultrasound and confirmed intraoperatively. We have described a novel technique that may benefit patients with urethrovaginal fistulas that are difficult to visualize.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. lieschen-quiroz@ouhsc.edu
authors.forename: Lieschen H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Quiroz
authors.forename: S Abbas
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shobeiri
authors.forename: Mikio A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nihira
mesh_terms: D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D053825:Suburethral Slings; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery; D014624:Vaginal Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*