title: Stir-bar sorptive extraction: A view on method optimisation, novel applications, limitations and potential solutions.
abstract: Introduced in 1999 as a novel solventless sample preparation method, stir-bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) has become a popular analytical technique for the pre-concentration of organic compounds into a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-coated stir-bar. In the last 10 years, hundreds of applications in the environmental, food and biomedical fields can be found in the literature. However, only PDMS-coated stir-bars are commercially available, which reduces the applicability of SBSE to the extraction of the non-polar compounds due to the poor extractability of more polar analytes. In this review, a view on method optimisation, limitations, potential solutions such as in-house coatings and derivatisation and novel applications in multi-residue analysis and passive sampling are revised.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Basauri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Usobiaga
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Etxebarria
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zuloaga
mesh_terms: D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals