title: Thyroid carcinoma in the United Arab Emirates: perspectives and experience of a tertiary care hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the distribution of thyroid carcinoma in the Arab Gulf States has been described, no previous study has examined the characteristic clinicopathologic features of thyroid carcinoma cases in the United Arab Emirates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 135 patients with thyroid carcinoma diagnosed over a 15-year period (1991-2005) at Tawam Hospital, the national referral oncology center in the UAE, were retrospectively studied and the cases classified according to the histologic classification of the World Health Organization (WHO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-eight patients (58%) were diagnosed before the age of 45 years with an overall peak incidence in the fourth and fifth decades. The female to male ratio was 2.4:1. Eighty-four percent had papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), while follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma and medullary carcinoma comprised 14%, 1.4% and 0.6%, respectively. The conventional classical variant of papillary carcinoma was the most common type. Three-quarters of the papillary carcinomas presented as multinodular goiter, while one-fifth presented as a solitary thyroid nodule. Minimal invasive follicular carcinoma was the most common variant of follicular carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thyroid carcinoma in the United Arab Emirates seems to be more common among females and female gender may be a risk factor. Age < 45 years can be considered an important prognostic factor as well as a possible risk factor. PTC predominates the histologic pattern of thyroid carcinoma, which is usually associated with an iodide-sufficient area.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. nalzaher@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Al-Zaher
authors.forename: Suhail
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Salam
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Teraifi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D014479:United Arab Emirates / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult