title: [Hepatitis B virus reactivation after cessation of prophylactic lamivudine therapy in B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab combined CHOP therapy].
abstract: Here we report three cases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation after cessation of preemptive lamivudine therapy in B-cell lymphoma patients treated with rituximab plus CHOP (R-CHOP). Two patients received eight cycles of R-CHOP, and one received two cycles of R-CHOP followed by two courses of rituximab. As all the patients were HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) positive, lamivudine was administered simultaneously with R-CHOP to prevent virus reactivation. All the patients developed hepatitis due to HBV reactivation 6, 8 and 13 months after completion of chemotherapy, and 4, 2 and 2 months after cessation of lamivudine, respectively. They were treated with either lamivudine or entecavir and all achieved full recovery. When HBV carriers undergo immunosuppressive anticancer treatment, prophylactic antiviral therapy is well recognized as effective. However, the optimal method of prophylaxis has not yet been established. Since the introduction of rituximab, new problems such as delayed HBV reactivation from HBsAg positive patients and de novo hepatitis B from HBsAg negative patients have emerged. Guidelines for prophylactic antiviral therapy in the era of rituximab need to be established.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chiba Cancer Center.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mimura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujimura
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ise
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Hiroshige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukai
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yokosuka
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kyoya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumagai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000069283:Rituximab; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014775:Virus Activation
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D019259:Lamivudine; D000069283:Rituximab; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011239:Prednisolone