title: BFPP, a phloroglucinol derivative, induces cell apoptosis in human chondrosarcoma cells through endoplasmic reticulum stress.
abstract: Chondrosarcoma is a malignant primary bone tumor that responds poorly to both chemotherapy and radiation therapy. This study is the first to investigate the anticancer effects of the new phloroglucinol derivative (2,4-bis(2-fluorophenylacetyl)phloroglucinol; BFPP) in human chondrosarcoma cells. BFPP induced cell apoptosis in two human chondrosarcoma cell lines, JJ012 and SW1353 but not in primary chondrocytes. BFPP triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as indicated by changes in cytosol calcium levels, and increased glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) expression, but failed to show the same effects on GRP94 expression. BFPP also increased calpain expression and activity. Transfection of cells with GRP78 or calpain siRNA reduced BFPP-mediated cell apoptosis in JJ012 cells. Importantly, animal studies have revealed a dramatic 50% reduction in tumor volume after 21 days of treatment. This study demonstrates novel anticancer activity of BFPP against human chondrosarcoma cells and in murine tumor models.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ju-Fang
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wei-Hung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Chin
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: Sheng-Chu
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Chih-Shiang
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chih-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002154:Calpain / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects*; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010696:Phloroglucinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: C548451:2,4-bis(2-fluorophenylacetyl)phloroglucinol; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C053387:endoplasmin; D010696:Phloroglucinol; D002154:Calpain; D020169:Caspases