title: 'Here comes the sun': pigmentary traits and sun habits in women with endometriosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is limited but interesting evidence suggesting that endometriosis may be associated with specific pigmentary traits and sun habits. In this case-control study, we aimed to further clarify this point.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with a first laparoscopic diagnosis of endometriosis according to Holt and Weiss criteria were selected as cases. Controls were women who underwent laparoscopy during the same study period, but who were found to be free of the disease. Selected women were interviewed and examined by two trained physicians. An unconditional logistic regression model that included age and baseline variables significantly differing between the two groups was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios (OR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 98 women with endometriosis and 94 controls selected. Overall, women with the disease had a more photo-sensitive phenotype and were exposed less to sun or ultraviolet radiation. A statistically significant difference was documented for eye color, skin reaction to first sun exposure, freckles score and the use of tanning creams. The adjusted OR (95% CI) for the disease was 1.95 (1.02-3.72) for women with green/blue eyes, 2.19 (1.12-4.28) for those who frequently/always had skin burn reaction to first sun exposure, 5.67 (1.98-16.24) for those with a higher number of freckles and 0.35 (0.15-0.85) for the use of tanning creams.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with endometriosis have a specific photo-sensitive phenotype and protect themselves more from the sun. This latter habit may be consequent to the former. We speculate that there is a shared genetic background between pigmentation and endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli and Regina Elena, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Edgardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Somigliana
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viganò
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbiati
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gentilini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Parazzini
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benaglia
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vercellini
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fedele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001505:Beauty Culture; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000235:genetics*; D005127:Eye Color / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008548:Melanosis / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D010787:Photosensitivity Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000235:genetics; D055108:Sunbathing; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents