title: Clinical effects of fixed functional herbst appliance in the treatment of Class II/1 malocclusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sagittal mandible deficiency is the most common cause of skeletal Class II malocclusion. Treatment objective is to stimulate sagittal mandible growth. Fixed functional Herbst appliance use is beneficial for shortening the time required for treatment and does not depend on patient compliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 13-year-old girl was referred to the Clinic of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry in Belgrade following previous unsuccessful treatment of her skeletal Class II malocclusion using an activator. The patient's poor cooperation had led to failure of the treatment. Patient was subjected to the Herbst treatment for 6 months followed by fixed appliance for another 8 months. Lateral cephalograms before and after the treatment was performed. The remodelation of condylar and fossal articulation was assessed by superimposition of pre- and post-treatment temporomandibular joint tomograms. The promotion of oral hygiene and fluoride use was performed because orthodontic treatment carries a high caries risk and risk for periodontal disease. Skeletal and dental changes were observed after treatment (correction [Max+Mand]: molar relation 7 mm, overjet 8 mm, skeletal relation 5 mm, molars 2 mm, incisors 3 mm). Combination of Herbst and fixed appliances was effective in the treatment of dental and skeletal irregularities for a short period of time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the retention period, 14 months after treatment, occlusal stability exists. Follow-up care in oral prevention is based on regular recalls at the dental office and supervision at home by the parents.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia. nenad.nedeljkovic70@gmail.com
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nedeljković
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zivojinović
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ivanović
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional