title: Background intracranial EEG spectral changes with anti-epileptic drug taper.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have revealed a surprising decrease in spike counts and Teager energy between on- and off-AEDs states during intracranial EEG (icEEG) monitoring. Here, we expand the measures evaluated to icEEG power and frequency band power.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two icEEG epochs, on- and off-AEDs, each 1h in duration, were studied for each of 21 unselected adult patients. Spike counts, Teager energy and total power were evaluated for each electrode contact. Power was also evaluated for delta (0-4Hz), theta (4-8Hz), alpha (8-13Hz), beta (13-25Hz), gamma (25-55Hz) and high (65-128Hz) frequency bands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A decrease in power accompanies AED taper and the previously reported decrease in spike counts and Teager energy. The decrease in power was underpinned by a spatially widespread and broadband decrease in power in delta through gamma frequency bands with maximum decrease in the lowest frequency bands. An increase in high-frequency power was observed in some patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a decrease in spike counts, Teager energy and power from on- to off-AEDs state during intracranial monitoring. The decrease in power is spatially widespread and broadband including power in the delta through gamma frequency bands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decrease in cortical activity with AED taper suggests that seizure generation during intracranial monitoring may not be mediated solely by poorly regulated cortical excitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. hitten.zaveri@yale.edu
authors.forename: Hitten P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Zaveri
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pincus
authors.forename: Irina I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Goncharova
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Novotny
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Duckrow
authors.forename: Dennis D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Blumenfeld
authors.forename: Susan S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000379:methods; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants