title: WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 activates diverse cell survival pathways and blocks doxorubicin-induced cardiomyocyte death.
abstract: The anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin (DOX) is a potent cancer chemotherapeutic agent that exerts both acute and chronic cardiotoxicity. Here we show that in adult mouse cardiomyocytes, DOX activates (i) the pro-apoptotic p53, (ii) p38MAPK and JNK, (iii) Bax translocation, (iv) cytochrome c release, and (v) caspase 3. Further, it (vi) inhibits expression of anti-apoptotic Akt, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, and (vii) induces internucleosomal degradation and cell death. WNT1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1 (WISP1), a CCN family member and a matricellular protein, inhibits DOX-mediated cardiomyocyte death. WISP1 inhibits DOX-induced p53 activation, p38 MAPK and JNK phosphorylation, Bax translocation to mitochondria, and cytochrome c release into cytoplasm. Additionally, WISP1 reverses DOX-induced suppression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL expression and Akt inhibition. The pro-survival effects of WISP1 were recapitulated by the forced expression of mutant p53, wild-type Bcl-2, wild-type Bcl-xL, or constitutively active Akt prior to DOX treatment. WISP1 also induces the pro-survival factor Survivin via PI3K/Akt signaling. Overexpression of wild-type, but not mutant Survivin, blunts DOX cytotoxicity. Further, WISP1 stimulates PI3K-Akt-dependent GSK3beta phosphorylation and beta-catenin nuclear translocation. Importantly, WISP1 induces its own expression. Together, these results provide important insights into the cytoprotective effects of WISP1 in cardiomyocytes, and suggest a potential therapeutic role for WISP1 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Heart and Vascular Institute, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
authors.forename: Balachandar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Venkatesan
authors.forename: Sumanth D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.forename: Kaliyamurthi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Venkatachalam
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mummidi
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Valente
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delafontaine
authors.forename: Bysani
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chandrasekar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077022:Survivin; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D051020:bcl-X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C117749:Birc5 protein, mouse; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; C116396:CCN4 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D051176:beta Catenin; D004317:Doxorubicin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C000605506:GSK3B protein, human; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3