title: Endoscopic management of postoperative bile duct injuries: a single center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Biliary endoscopic procedures may be less invasive than surgery for management of postoperative bile duct injuries (POBDI). This retrospective work presents the experience of a single referral center during a period of 14 years in endoscopic management of POBDI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1994 (March) and 2008 (May), ERCP had been performed on 277 patients suspected to have POBDI. Patients shown to have complete transaction of bile duct were prepared for definitive surgery. For patients with simple biliary leak, sphincterotomy was performed with stenting. Pneumatic dilatation and stenting were done on patients with biliary stricture and preserved ductal continuity. ERCP was repeated every 3 months till the site of narrowing disappeared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 45.3 years, 162 (58.5%) were females. The most common previous surgery was cholecystectomy (open, [N=119] 44%, and laparoscopic, [N=77] 28%). ERCP failed in 17 patients (6.1%). For successfully cannulated cases (N=260, 93.9%), the type of bile duct injury diagnosed at ERCP was completely ligated CBD (N=31/260 , 11.9%). Bile leakage was detected in (N=167/260, 64.2%) all patients with endoscopic sphincterotomy and stent insertion, the leak stopped in all of them. Biliary stricture was diagnosed in 33/260 patients (12.7%) and 17 of them had repeated balloon dilatation with stenting while the remaining had surgical correction. The success rate of endoscopic therapy for biliary strictures was 82%. Cholangiogram was normal in 29 patients (11.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic therapy is safe and effective in the management of postoperative bile duct leak. For postoperative bile ductal strictures, ERCP is a less favorable option.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Center, Mansoura University, Jehan St, 35516, Mansoura, Dakahlia, Egypt. ahmedraof@mans.edu.eg
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdel-Raouf
authors.forename: Emad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hamdy
authors.forename: Ehab
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: El-Hanafy
authors.forename: Gamal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: El-Ebidy
mesh_terms: D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome