title: Skateboard-related injuries: not to be taken lightly. A National Trauma Databank Analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  With the increasing popularity of skateboarding, trauma centers are experiencing increased number of skateboard injuries. The incidence and type of injuries and the effect of age on these variables are poorly described in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from National Trauma Databank during a 5-year period was used for this study. Injury Severity Score (ISS), injured body area, specific injuries, and outcomes were calculated according to age groups (younger than 10 years, 10-16 years, and older than 16 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period, there were 2,270 admissions due to skateboard-related injuries (0.1% of all trauma admissions). There were 187 patients (8%) younger than 10 years, 1,314 patients (58%) 10 years to 16 years, and 769 patients (34%) older than 16 years. The overall mortality was 1.1% and ranged from 0% in the age group younger than 10 years to 0.3% in the group 10 years to 16 years and 2.6% in the group older than 16 years (p < 0.001). The incidence of severe trauma (Injury Severity Score ≥ 16) in the three age groups was 5.4%, 13.5%, and 23.7%, respectively (p < 0.001). The incidence of traumatic brain injury in the three age groups was 24.1%, 32.6%, and 45.5%, respectively (p < 0.001). The younger age group (younger than 10 years) was significantly more likely to suffer femur fractures and less likely to suffer tibia fractures than the older age groups. Helmets and use of a skateboard park were significant factors protecting against head injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Skateboard-related injuries are associated with a high incidence of traumatic brain injury and long bone fractures. Age plays an important role in the anatomic distribution of injuries, injury severity, and outcomes. Our findings demonstrate that helmet utilization and designated skateboard areas significantly reduce the incidence of serious head injuries.
authors.affiliation: Division of Acute Care Surgery (Trauma, Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lustenberger
authors.forename: Peep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Talving
authors.forename: Galinos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barmparas
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schnüriger
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: Demetrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Demetriades
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology; D006260:Head Protective Devices / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012861:Skating / Q000293:injuries*; D014193:Trauma Centers; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult