title: Is there a role for bone morphogenetic proteins in osteoporotic fractures?
abstract: The central role of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) in the remodelling process of the human skeleton has been identified in numerous experimental and clinical studies. BMPs appear to be key agents in the osteoblastic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, and more recent evidence implicates them with the cells of the osteoclastic lineage. BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-6 and BMP-7 have been studied in the context of osteoporosis and have been associated with its pathophysiological pathways. The theoretical advantages of local or systemic treatment of osteoporotic fractures with BMPs include the potential of inducing a rapid increase in bone strength locally at the fractured area and systemically in the entire skeleton, as well as accelerating the bone-healing period. Animal models of osteoporotic fractures suggested that the induction of new bone by local or systemic use of BMP-7 should be investigated as potential bone augmentation therapy to improve bone quality in symptomatic spinal osteoporosis. As our knowledge expands, new innovations may provide clinicians with advanced biologically-based therapies for the successful treatment of osteoporotic fractures.
authors.affiliation: Academic Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, University of Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: Nikolaos K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Kanakaris
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petsatodis
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tagil
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Giannoudis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics; D055418:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000187:drug effects*; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055418:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2