title: Selection from industrial lager yeast strains of variants with improved fermentation performance in very-high-gravity worts.
abstract: There are economic and other advantages if the fermentable sugar concentration in industrial brewery fermentations can be increased from that of currently used high-gravity (ca. 14 to 17 degrees P [degrees Plato]) worts into the very-high-gravity (VHG; 18 to 25 degrees P) range. Many industrial strains of brewer's yeast perform poorly in VHG worts, exhibiting decreased growth, slow and incomplete fermentations, and low viability of the yeast cropped for recycling into subsequent fermentations. A new and efficient method for selecting variant cells with improved performance in VHG worts is described. In this new method, mutagenized industrial yeast was put through a VHG wort fermentation and then incubated anaerobically in the resulting beer while maintaining the alpha-glucoside concentration at about 10 to 20 g.liter(-1) by slowly feeding the yeast maltose or maltotriose until most of the cells had died. When survival rates fell to 1 to 10 cells per 10(6) original cells, a high proportion (up to 30%) of survivors fermented VHG worts 10 to 30% faster and more completely (residual sugars lower by 2 to 8 g.liter(-1)) than the parent strains, but the sedimentation behavior and profiles of yeast-derived flavor compounds of the survivors were similar to those of the parent strains.
authors.affiliation: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FIN-02044 VTT, Finland.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huuskonen
authors.forename: Tuomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Markkula
authors.forename: Virve
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vidgren
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Geurts
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Londesborough
mesh_terms: D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000382:microbiology*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D050296:Microbial Viability; D016296:Mutagenesis; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012641:Selection, Genetic