title: Disparities in hospital outcomes for injured people with epilepsy/seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Controlling for injury and patient characteristics, one would expect comparable in-hospital outcomes for injured patients with and without epilepsy. The historical stigma associated with epilepsy is well-documented, yet potential disparities in injury care for people with epilepsy/seizures have not been examined. We compared in-hospital outcomes of injured patients with epilepsy/seizures with patients without epilepsy/seizures and tested the hypothesis that injured people with epilepsy have worse outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Existing data were analyzed from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample-the largest, longitudinal, all-payer inpatient care database in the United States. Injured patients of all ages were included. Multivariable logistic regression was used to control for patient and hospital characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-hospital mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When controlling for patient and injury characteristics, our results show that people with epilepsy/seizures were more likely to die in-hospital than people without epilepsy [odds ratio (OR) 1.17, p < 0.001]. People with epilepsy were significantly more likely to have a traumatic brain injury diagnosis than similar individuals without epilepsy (unintentional injuries OR 2.81, p < 0.001; interpersonal violence OR 6.0, p < 0.001). By mechanism of injury, significantly increased risk of death was observed for injuries from falls (OR 1.21, p < 0.001), other transport injuries (OR 2.04, p = 0.01), struck by/against (OR 1.85, p = 0.02), and suffocation (OR 10.93, p = 0.009). People with epilepsy/seizures receiving firearm injuries were less likely to die in-hospital (OR 0.25, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disparities in hospital outcomes for people with epilepsy deserve further attention. Identifying the underlying causes of these disparities will allow for the development of targeted prevention interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202-3591, USA. bowmanstephenm@uams.edu
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Aitken
authors.forename: Gregory B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012640:Seizures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*