Nephrotoxic potential and toxicokinetics of tetrabromobisphenol A in rat for risk assessment.
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), one of the most widely used global brominated flame retardants, is used to improve fire safety of laminates in electrical and electronic equipment. To investigate the nephrotoxic potential of TBBPA and its toxicokinetic profile in rats, single-dose and daily 14-d repeated-dose toxicity studies at 200, 500, or 1000 mg/kg were performed. Several biochemical parameters were analyzed to evaluate nephrotoxicity of TBBPA. High-dose 1000 mg/kg TBBPA significantly elevated renal thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was increased at all 3 doses administered. This was associated with no change in the activity of catalase (CAT). Our results suggest that acute 1-d high-dose administration of TBBPA produced transient renal changes at 5 h. Subsequently, TBBPA in serum, urine, and kidney was determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (LC/MS). Toxicokinetic studies indicated that TBBPA shows relatively a short half-life (7-9 h) and was eliminated almost completely in feces by 2 d. Based on the results from the 14-d repeated-dose study, TBBPA did not accumulate in the rat, and was eliminated in feces. The present results suggested that TBBPA may not be toxic to kidney, as the chemical is not bioavailable and is not present in renal tissue.
Kang
Mi Jeong
MJ
College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.
Kim
Ju Hyun
JH
Shin
Sil
S
Choi
Jae Ho
JH
Lee
Sang Kyu
SK
Kim
Hyung Sik
HS
Kim
Nam Deuk
ND
Kang
Geon Wook
GW
Jeong
Hye Gwang
HG
Kang
Wonku
W
Chun
Young Jin
YJ
Jeong
Tae Cheon
TC
D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D006207:Half-Life; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
D005411:Flame Retardants; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C020806:tetrabromobisphenol A