title: Clinical correlates of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Machado-Joseph disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Autonomic dysfunction is a usual feature of several neurological conditions characterized by either extra-pyramidal and/or peripheral damage, such as those seen in Machado-Joseph disease (MJD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We used clinical evaluation and sympathetic skin responses (SSR) to assess autonomic function in a large series of patients with MJD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 patients were enrolled in this study and all of them had the molecular confirmation of MJD by DNA genotyping. In addition, a group of 20 control subjects was included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, autonomic complaints were more frequent in patients than in control subjects, especially those related to the genitourinary and sudomotor systems. Eighteen patients (36%) presented abnormal SSR. Age at onset, duration of disease and length of expanded (CAG)(n) were not different between patients with and without dysautonomia. However, severe dysautonomia was significantly associated with polyneuropathic or parkinsonian phenotypes in patients with MJD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autonomic symptoms are common, but possibly under recognized in patients with MJD; therefore, we believe that autonomic complaints should be sought in patients with MJD, especially in those with parkinsonian or polyneuropathic phenotypes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: França
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Abreu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nucci
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lopes-Cendes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017827:Machado-Joseph Disease / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult