title: Effect of different molecular weight hyaluronans on osteoarthritis-related protein production in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with tibia plateau fracture.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preventing arthritic change in a joint with an intra-articular fracture remains a challenge, especially in weight-bearing joints. Hyaluronan (HA) has been proven to be effective in relieving joint pain and improving function in chronic osteoarthritis. However, controversy still exists about its potential use in a joint with an intra-articular fracture and about whether this effect is dependent on molecular weight. We analyzed and compared the effects of two different molecular weight HAs on six osteoarthritis-related proteins expressed in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from 12 patients with tibial plateau fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The interleukin (IL)-1beta-stimulated or IL-1beta-unstimulated fibroblast-like synoviocytes were cultivated with or without treatment by two different molecular weight HAs. The production of these proteins was quantified by using commercially available sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results revealed that HA with a high molecular weight is more effective in downregulating proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Conversely, HA with a low molecular weight has greater efficacy in upregulating anticatabolic enzymes, such as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2, and in suppressing the catabolic enzyme, matrix metalloproteinase-3, which are thought to be more chondroprotective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a knee joint with an intra-articular fracture of the tibial plateau, we posit that high molecular weight HA may have a better anti-inflammatory effect, whereas low molecular weight HA has superior efficacy for chondroprotection.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine and College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100 Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Teng-Le
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Horng-Chaung
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Kai-Chiang
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chun-Hsu
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Feng-Huei
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001182:Arthroscopy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D057072:Intra-Articular Fractures / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D008970:Molecular Weight; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000070600:Tibial Meniscus Injuries; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D055675:Viscosupplements / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D055675:Viscosupplements; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3