title: Prevalence of traumatic injuries to maxillary permanent teeth in 9- to 14-year-old school children in Yazd, Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Trauma to maxillary anterior teeth is a common reason for emergency room visits among children; therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and related factors of such trauma among 9- to 14-year-old children in Yazd.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 1440 schoolchildren aged 9-14 years old, consisting of 720 boys and 720 girls, were randomly selected from 24 schools in Yazd. Ellis classification was used to record the dental injuries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence found was 27.56%. The occurrence of trauma was significantly higher in male patients; furthermore, most of the dental trauma occurred in children between 9 and 10 years of age (47.38%). The most common type of injury was the 'enamel only' fracture; falls being the main cause of trauma. The most affected tooth was the maxillary central incisor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence and most common causal factor of traumatic injuries to the maxillary anterior teeth in schoolchildren living in Yazd was approximately the same as that found in other countries.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navabazam
authors.forename: Shokoufeh Shahrabi
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Farahani
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000293:injuries; D019229:Dentition, Permanent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology