title: Large fetal size in early pregnancy associated with macrosomia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess if fetal size at the time of ultrasound dating examination is associated with the risk of macrosomia and complications associated with macrosomia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective cohort study of 19 377 singleton pregnancies dated in gestational weeks 16-20 during the period 1998-2004 at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Obstetric outcome was assessed through linkage to the Swedish Medical Birth Register.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When fetuses were > or = 7 days larger than expected at dating, compared with the expected size according to last menstrual period, there was a 59% increase in the risk of birth weight > or = 4500 g and a 145% increase in the risk of birth weight > or = 5000 g (odds ratio (OR), 1.59; 95% CI, 1.12-2.24 and OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.22-4.90, respectively). For a birth weight of > or = 4000 g the risk estimate was 1.19 (95% CI, 0.96-1.47).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetuses that are larger than expected in the second trimester have an increased risk of macrosomia. This emphasizes that fetal size in early pregnancy is not only a function of gestational duration, but also of fetal growth. However, only a limited proportion of all infants born macrosomic can be identified as such at the time of ultrasound dating.
authors.affiliation: Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. malin.thorsell@ds.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thorsell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaijser
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Almström
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Andolf
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014463:Ultrasonography