title: Clinical review: primary influenza viral pneumonia.
abstract: Primary influenza pneumonia has a high mortality rate during pandemics, not only in immunocompromised individuals and patients with underlying comorbid conditions, but also in young healthy adults. Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for this diagnosis in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms that progress quickly (2 to 5 days) to respiratory distress and extensive pulmonary involvement. The sensitivity of rapid diagnostic techniques in identifying infections with the pandemic 2009 H1N1v influenza strain is currently suboptimal. The most reliable real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction molecular testing is available in limited clinical settings. Despite 6 months of pandemic circulation, most novel H1N1v pandemic strains remain susceptible to oseltamivir. Ensuring an appropriate oxygenation and ventilation strategy, as well as prompt initiation of antiviral therapy, is essential in management.
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital, CIBERES Enfermedades Respiratorias, IISPV, Tarragona, Spain. jrello.hj23.ics@gencat.cat
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rello
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pop-Vicas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000635:transmission; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000635:transmission; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D012621:Seasons