title: Endometrial local injury improves the pregnancy rate among recurrent implantation failure patients undergoing in vitro fertilisation/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection: a randomised clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Implantation failure is the most important cause of recurrent in vitro fertilisation (IVF)/intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) failure. It has been reported that endometrial injury using a biopsy catheter resulted in a higher pregnancy rate in following cycle of treatment. The local endometrial trauma increases the implantation rate through the release of chemical mediators such as histamine and growth factor.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of endometrial biopsy on increasing implantation rate in patients with recurrent implantation failures.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomised control trial study, 115 women each with at least two implantation failures were randomly assigned to two groups. In the case group, endometrial biopsy was obtained from patients in the luteal phase of previous cycle, and implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were compared with those of patients in the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The implantation rate was determined as 10.9% in the biopsy group compared to 3.38% in the controls. The clinical pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the case group than in controls (27.1% and 8.9% respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that pregnancy outcome increases through IVF or ICSI after endometrial biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Shahid sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Safaieyeh, Yazd, Iran. prof_karimzade@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Karimzadeh
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ayazi Rozbahani
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabibnejad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D004717:Endometrium / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008183:Luteal Phase; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D055815:Young Adult