Modulation of morphological changes of microglia and neuroprotection by monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in experimental glaucoma.
Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1)/CCL2 is a C-C chemokine involved in the activation and recruitment of monocytic cells to injury sites. MCP-1/CCL2 can induce either neuroprotection or neurodestruction in vitro, depending on the experimental model. We aim to use MCP-1/CCL2 as an experimental tool to investigate the morphological changes of microglia when loss of healthy retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is exacerbated or attenuated in an experimental glaucoma model. While a high concentration (1000 ng) of MCP-1/CCL2 and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-exacerbated RGC loss, 100 ng MCP-1/CCL2 provided neuroprotection towards RGC. Neuroprotective MCP-1/CCL2 (100 ng) also upregulated insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) immunoreactivity in the RGCs. The neuroprotective effect of MCP-1/CCL2 was not due to the massive infiltration of microglia/macrophages. Taken together, this is the first report showing that an appropriate amount of MCP-1/CCL2 can protect RGCs in experimental glaucoma.
Chiu
Kin
K
Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Anatomy, University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
Yeung
Sze-Chun
SC
So
Kwok-Fai
KF
Chang
Raymond Chuen-Chung
RC
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D048430:Cell Shape; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000276:immunology; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I