title: Cancellations of (helicopter-transported) mobile medical team dispatches in the Netherlands.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The trauma centre of the Trauma Center Region North-West Netherlands (TRNWN) has consensus criteria for Mobile Medical Team (MMT) scene dispatch. The MMT can be dispatched by the EMS-dispatch centre or by the on-scene ambulance crew and is transported by helicopter or ground transport. Although much attention has been paid to improve the dispatch criteria, the MMT is often cancelled after being dispatched. The aim of this study was to assess the cancellation rate and the noncompliant dispatches of our MMT and to identify factors associated with this form of primary overtriage.
  
  
  METHODS
  By retrospective analysis of all MMT dispatches in the period from 1 July 2006 till 31 December 2006 using chart review, we conducted a consecutive case review of 605 dispatches. Four hundred and sixty seven of these were included for our study, collecting data related to prehospital triage, patient's condition on-scene and hospital course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average age was 35.9 years; the majority of the patients were male (65.3%). Four hundred and thirty patients were victims of trauma, sustaining injuries in most cases from blunt trauma (89.3%). After being dispatched, the MMT was cancelled 203 times (43.5%). Statistically significant differences between assists and cancellations were found for overall mortality, mean RTS, GCS and ISS, mean hospitalization, length and amount of ICU admissions (p < 0.001). All dispatches were evaluated by using the MMT-dispatch criteria and mission appropriateness criteria. Almost 26% of all dispatches were neither appropriate, nor met the dispatch criteria. Fourteen missions were appropriate, but did not meet the dispatch criteria. The remaining 318 dispatches had met the dispatch criteria, of which 135 (30.3%) were also appropriate. The calculated additional costs of the cancelled dispatches summed up to a total of 34,448 euro, amounting to 2.2% of the total MMT costs during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our trauma system, the MMT dispatches are involved with high rates of overtriage. After being dispatched, the MMT is cancelled in almost 50% of all cases. We found an undertriage rate of 4%, which we think is acceptable. All cancellations were justified. The additional costs of the cancelled missions were within an acceptable range. According to this study, it seems to be possible to reduce the overtriage rate of the MMT dispatches, without increasing the undertriage rate to non-acceptable levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma Surgery, VU University Medical Centre, 7F-018, P.O. Box 7057, 1007 MB, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. gf.giannakopoulos@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Georgios F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Giannakopoulos
authors.forename: Wouter D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lubbers
authors.forename: Herman M T
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Christiaans
authors.forename: Pieternel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Exter
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bet
authors.forename: Paul J C
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hugen
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Innemee
authors.forename: Edo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Elly S M
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: de Lange-Klerk
authors.forename: J Carel
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Goslings
authors.forename: Gerrolt N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Jukema
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017732:Air Ambulances / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010348:Patient Care Team; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014218:Triage / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy*