Maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies complicated by asthma in an Australian population.
OBJECTIVE
To determine if there are sex differences in risk and incidence of stillbirth, preterm delivery and small-for-gestational age (SGA) in pregnancies complicated by maternal asthma relative to a non-asthmatic population.


METHODS
Univariant and multiple regression analysis of the incidence of preterm delivery, SGA and stillbirth in singleton pregnancies complicated by asthma in Newcastle, NSW, Australia, from 1995 to 1999.


RESULTS
Asthma complicated 12% of all singleton pregnancies. The incidence of preterm delivery was not significantly different between asthmatic (13%) and non-asthmatic (11%) pregnancies. Male fetuses (53%) were more likely to deliver preterm than female fetuses (47%) in both asthmatic and non-asthmatic populations. There were significantly more male neonates of pregnancies complicated by asthma that were SGA at term relative to those of the non-asthmatic population. There were significantly more preterm female neonates that were SGA in pregnancies complicated by asthma relative to those of the non-asthmatic population. Male fetuses were more likely to be associated with a stillbirth in pregnancies complicated by asthma than female fetuses.


CONCLUSIONS
The presence of maternal asthma during pregnancy increases the risk of stillbirth for the male fetus and is associated with changes in fetal growth, but does not increase the incidence of a preterm delivery.
Clifton
Vicki L
VL
Department of Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia. vicki.clifton@adelaide.edu.au
Engel
Patricia
P
Smith
Roger
R
Gibson
Peter
P
Brinsmead
Maxwell
M
Giles
Warwick B
WB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007236:Infant, Small for Gestational Age; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009517:New South Wales; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult