title: [Histopathologic analysis of 2 micron continuous wave laser for the partial cystectomy of bladder urothelial carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the histopathologic characteristics of 2 micron continuous wave laser transurethral partial cystectomy for the treatment of bladder tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 54 patients with 65 bladder tumors underwent 2 micron laser via transurethral by caudal or surface anesthesia from October 2007 to December 2008. It included 41 male and 13 female cases, and the age ranged from 27 to 81 years old with a mean of (66.2 +/- 12.4) years old. The operation evaporated and exsected the wall of urinary bladder, including tumor, submucosa and all muscular layers. Specimens were sent for pathology examination. The histomorphologic changes of raw surfaces were observed 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 1 year postoperation by cystoscopic and pathologic examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the patients tolerated in the operation. Clinical stages of the tumor: T1 for 42 cases, T2 for 12 cases. All cases were followed-up for 1 to 14 months, with a mean of 8.5 months. Tumor recurrences were found in 2 cases, no one had recurrence in situ. The tumor, submucosa and all muscular layers can be resected completely by 2 micron continuous wave laser transurethral partial cystectomy. Pathologic staging can be judged correctly. The umbilication raw surface were infiltrated by fibrous connective tissue and chronic inflammatory cells 1 week postoperation. The umbilication changed shallow and transitional epithelial cells began to cover it 1 month postoperation. The umbilication disappeared and transitional epithelial cells cover the raw surface 3 months postoperation. There was no difference between the raw surface and normal bladder mucosa.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  2 micron continuous wave laser for the treatment of bladder tumor can get the same clinical result as partial cystectomy. The pathologic staging can be judged correctly by the specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Bao-fa
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhen-hong
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery