title: Social approach in pre-school children with Williams syndrome: the role of the face.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Indiscriminate social approach behaviour is a salient aspect of the Williams syndrome (WS) behavioural phenotype. The present study examines approach behaviour in pre-schoolers with WS and evaluates the role of the face in WS social approach behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten pre-schoolers with WS (aged 3-6 years) and two groups of typically developing children, matched to the WS group on chronological or mental age, participated in an observed play session. The play session incorporated social and non-social components including two components that assessed approach behaviour towards strangers; one in which the stranger's face could be seen and one in which the stranger's face was covered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In response to the non-social aspects of the play session, the WS group behaved similarly to both control groups. In contrast, the pre-schoolers with WS were significantly more willing than either control group to engage with a stranger, even when the stranger's face could not be seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings challenge the hypothesis that an unusual attraction to the face directly motivates social approach behaviour in individuals with WS.
authors.affiliation: Macquarie Centre for Cognitive Science, Macquarie University, Marsfield, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Dodd
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rapee
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010988:Play and Playthings / Q000523:psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D018980:Williams Syndrome / Q000523:psychology*