title: Effect of cryopreservation on biological and immunological properties of stem cells from apical papilla.
abstract: Stem cells from apical papilla (SCAP) are a novel population of multipotent stem cells that, although similar to dental pulp stem cells, are a discrete source of dental stem cells. SCAP have potential roles in root development, apexogenesis, pulp/dentin regeneration, and bioroot engineering. However, procedures to store and preserve SCAP for future clinical applications have not been explored. In this study, we compared human freshly isolated SCAP (fSCAP) with cryopreserved SCAP (cSCAP) in terms of cell viability, colony-forming efficiency, cell proliferation rate, multilineage differentiation potential, profiles of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers, karyotype analysis, and immunological assays. cSCAP showed a similar viable cell ratio, colony-forming efficiency, cell proliferation rate, multilineage differentiation potential, MSC surface markers, apoptotic rate, and G-banded karyotype when compared to fSCAP. There was no significant difference between fSCAP and cSCAP with regard to immune properties. In addition, cSCAP of miniature pig possessed the similar proliferation rate, differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory function as seen in fSCAP. This study demonstrates that cryopreservation does not affect the biological and immunological properties of SCAP, supporting the feasibility of SCAP cryopreservation in nitrogen.
authors.affiliation: Salivary Gland Disease Center and the Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy & Tooth Regeneration, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yunqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Songtao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Songlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000633:toxicity; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D056747:Immunomodulation / Q000502:physiology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013234:Stem Cells; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015415:Biomarkers; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide