title: Sugar fatty acid esters inhibit biofilm formation by food-borne pathogenic bacteria.
abstract: Effects of food additives on biofilm formation by food-borne pathogenic bacteria were investigated. Thirty-three potential food additives and 3 related compounds were added to the culture medium at concentrations from 0.001 to 0.1% (w/w), followed by inoculation and cultivation of five biofilm-forming bacterial strains for the evaluation of biofilm formation. Among the tested food additives, 21 showed inhibitory effects of biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and in particular, sugar fatty acid esters showed significant anti-biofilm activity. Sugar fatty acid esters with long chain fatty acid residues (C14-16) exerted their inhibitory effect at the concentration of 0.001% (w/w), but bacterial growth was not affected at this low concentration. Activities of the sugar fatty acid esters positively correlated with the increase of the chain length of the fatty acid residues. Sugar fatty acid esters inhibited the initial attachment of the S. aureus cells to the abiotic surface. Sugar fatty acid esters with long chain fatty acid residues (C14-16) also inhibited biofilm formation by Streptococcus mutans and Listeria monocytogenes at 0.01% (w/w), while the inhibition of biofilm formation by Pseudomonas aeruginosa required the addition of a far higher concentration (0.1% (w/w)) of the sugar fatty acid esters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, Japan. furukawa@brs.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: O'Toole
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogihara
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morinaga
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004952:Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005503:Food Additives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005519:Food Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005503:Food Additives