Compartment syndrome of leg following total lumbar disc replacement via anterior retroperitoneal approach: a rare complication of anterior spinal surgery.
METHODS
Observational study of a case with a rare complication of lower limb compartment syndrome following total lumbar disc replacement via anterior retroperitoneal approach.


OBJECTIVE
To describe a patient with lower limb compartment syndrome, following total lumbar disc replacement via anterior retroperitoneal approach.


BACKGROUND
Compartment syndrome is a rare complication of spinal surgery. Previously, there were very few reported cases of compartment syndrome following posterior approach through a knee chest position. We are reporting the first case of lower limb compartment syndrome following total lumbar disc replacement through anterior retroperitoneal approach.


METHODS
Case report and literature review.


RESULTS
Total lumbar disc replacement through anterior retroperitoneal approach led to a vascular complication (left iliac vein injury) with failed attempt at surgical repair. At 48 hours, the patient developed left lower limb compartment syndrome. Surgical decompression of the compartment prevented serious sequel with a successful outcome.


CONCLUSIONS
Total disc replacement in the lumbar spine complicated with an acute compartment syndrome due to the left common iliac vein injury is reported for the first time. A vigilant postoperative work-up in an unconscious patient resulted in the diagnosis and decompression with a successful outcome.
Magaji
Sani A
SA
Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom. drmagajisani@yahoo.com
Debnath
Ujjwal K
UK
Mehdian
Hussein S
HS
D000328:Adult; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D007866:Leg / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects*