title: Going the distance: overcoming challenges in recruitment and retention of Black and White women in multisite, longitudinal study of predictors of coronary heart disease.
abstract: High recruitment and retention rates are hallmarks of scientifically rigorous longitudinal research. However, recruitment and retention are challenging, especially with older adults and minorities. In this article, we discuss strategies that have enabled us to retain more than 80% of both Black and White women in a 5-year observational study. To overcome challenges such as staff turnover and introduction of computerized record systems, we developed a time-saving handout, streamlined procedures for documenting contact information, and motivated site staff through weekly personal contact. We responded to problems with mailed privacy consent forms by garnering approval for verbal consent that allowed immediate response to participants' questions. In addition to standard steps to minimize attrition, we encouraged ongoing participation with personal letters following interviews, "refrigerator reminders" of the next interview date, and "missing you" letters following missed appointments. We believe these and other strategies described in this article were responsible for our high retention rate.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA. mcsweeneyjeanc@uams.edu
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: McSweeney
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Pettey
authors.forename: Ellen P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Alisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spellman
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D005851:Geriatric Nursing; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009042:Motivation; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic / Q000379:methods; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018579:Patient Selection; D017010:Reminder Systems; D012107:Research Design; D035842:Research Subjects / Q000523:psychology* / Q000600:supply & distribution; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology