title: Serosurveillance study on transmission of H5N1 virus during a 2006 avian influenza epidemic.
abstract: In 2006 an outbreak of avian influenza A(H5N1) in Turkey caused 12 human infections, including four deaths. We conducted a serological survey to determine the extent of subclinical infection caused by the outbreak. Single serum samples were collected from five individuals with avian influenza whose nasopharyngeal swabs tested positive for H5 RNA by polymerase chain reaction, 28 family contacts of the cases, 95 poultry cullers, 75 individuals known to have had contact with diseased chickens and 81 individuals living in the region with no known contact with infected chickens and/or patients. Paired serum samples were collected from 97 healthcare workers. All sera were tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies by enzyme-linked immunoassay, haemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization assays. Only one serum sample, from a parent of an avian influenza patient, tested positive for H5N1 by microneutralization assay. This survey shows that there was minimal subclinical H5N1 infection among contacts of human cases and infected poultry in Turkey in 2006. Further, the low rate of subclinical infection following contact with diseased poultry gave further support to the reported low infectivity of the virus.
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University, Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Ankara, Turkey. mceyhan@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceyhan
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ferraris
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouscambert-Duchamp
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frobert
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uyar
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tezer
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Oner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buzgan
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Torunoglu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kurtoglu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Laleli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badur
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011200:Poultry / Q000821:virology; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral