title: Indications and outcome of pediatric tracheostomy: results from a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a change in the concept of pediatric tracheostomy. This study investigates the indications and outcomes of pediatric tracheostomy in a Nigerian teaching hospital finding out whether there is also a change in the trend in our environment as compared to other centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of 46 patients aged between 2 months and 15 years who presented to our Otorhinolaryngological facility and had tracheostomy between January 2000 and December 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age range was 2 months to 15 years. There were 29 males and 17 females. Thirty two (69.6%) patients were in the age range 6-10 years. Forty tracheostomies (87%) were performed as emergency while 6 (13%) as elective procedures. The commonest indication for tracheostomy was upper airway obstruction (n = 29, 63%). Transverse skin incision was employed in all the cases. No intra-operative complication was recorded. The post-operative complication rate was 15.2%. The duration of tracheostomy ranged from 5 days to 3 months. All the patients were successfully decannulated. The overall mortality was 8 (17.4%). There was no tracheostomy related mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no increase in the incidence of tracheostomy in patients under 1 year of age and the commonest indication for the procedure in Nigeria has remained relief of upper airway obstruction. Pediatric tracheostomy is safe when performed in the tertiary hospital setting.
authors.affiliation: Otorhinolaryngology unit, Department of Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, PMB 2076, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. adeyiadoga@gmail.com
authors.forename: Adeyi A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Adoga
authors.forename: Nuhu D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Ma'an
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality*; D016896:Treatment Outcome