title: Multifunctional photopolymerized semiinterpenetrating network (sIPN) system containing bupivacaine and silver sulfadiazine is an effective donor site treatment in a swine model.
abstract: Previously, we have shown in a cross-comparison study that multifunctional photopolymerized semiinterpenetrating network (sIPN) system is an effective donor site treatment in a swine model. The advantages of sIPN include spray-on application, in situ photopolymerization, and ability to cover large contoured areas. sIPN has also been shown to be an effective delivery vehicle for keratinocyte growth factor, dexamethasone, bupivacaine, and silver sulfadiazine in vitro. Our aim for this study was to show that these products delivered to the wound bed with sIPN would not change the wound healing characteristics compared with the control site through qualitative clinical evaluation and to compare the rate and quality of donor site healing through histologic evaluation. Eight Yucatan swine of 40 lbs each were randomly divided into four groups of two pigs before surgery. Each animal had 5.6% TBSA of skin harvested from two different dorsal regions, with one at 22/1000th-inch and the other at 30/1000th-inch setting on the dermatome. Each test site on each animal was then sequentially dressed with 50 cm(2) of Xeroform gauze, sIPN, sIPN loaded with 0.5% bupivacaine, or sIPN loaded with 1% silver sulfadiazine. sIPN with or without soluble drugs were applied as liquid, then photopolymerized in situ to form an elastic covering. Each of the test areas was separated by 50 cm(2) of autograft, which was used to divide the test areas. Wound assessment and killing occurred at days 7, 9, 14, and 21. A full-thickness biopsy was taken from each of the study areas for histological analysis. By 14 days, all areas showed complete epidermal coverage histologically. The 30/1000th-inch site revealed a thicker, more irregular dermis compared with the 22/1000th-site. Evaluation of the day-21 sites revealed equal thinning and flattening of the new epidermis. No site showed full restoration of the rete ridges. No signs of infection were seen in clinical or histological evaluations of any treatment. The addition of bupivacaine and silver sulfadiazine to sIPN does not show any alterations in wound healing of a donor site in a swine model when compared with sIPN without loaded drugs and a standard control dressing. This efficacy may be coupled with established localized sIPN drug delivery profiles and allow further studies to evaluate the efficacy of these drugs to promote healing, eradicate and prevent infection, and manage pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
authors.forename: Lee D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Faucher
authors.forename: Kyle R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kleinbeck
authors.forename: Weiyuan John
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D009779:Occlusive Dressings; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012837:Silver Sulfadiazine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013552:Swine; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000009:adverse effects; D014945:Wound Healing; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004337:Drug Carriers; C437167:poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012837:Silver Sulfadiazine; D002045:Bupivacaine