title: Angiographic pattern of symptomatic severe M1 stenosis: comparison with presenting symptoms, infarct patterns, perfusion status, and outcome after recanalization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several angiographic patterns distal to severe M1 stenosis have been identified. We have assessed the relationship between these angiographic patterns and patient presenting symptoms, infarct patterns, perfusion status and outcome after recanalization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three angiographic patterns were retrospectively identified in 60 patients (M:F = 41:19; age range = 34-80 years, mean = 55) who underwent M1 stenting: (1) a normal pattern (n = 22); (2) a shift pattern of the borderzone of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA) down to the MCA side with decreased size of MCA branches (n = 16), and (3) a dilatation pattern of the MCA branches with slow flow and minimal shift of borderzone (n = 22). In addition, to analyze interreader agreement, we assessed the correlation between angiographic patterns and gender, presenting symptoms (stroke vs. TIA), infarct patterns on MRI (borderzone vs. non-borderzone infarcts), perfusion results and outcome after stenting by chi(2) or Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blind review revealed an excellent interreader agreement in the assessment of angiographic patterns (kappa = 0.681). The shift pattern was more common in women than in men (p = 0.007). The likelihood of stroke (25/60, 42%, p = 0.001), borderzone infarct (21/32, 66%, p = 0.010) and decreased perfusion (p < 0.001) were greatest in the dilatation pattern, followed by shift and normal patterns. The outcomes did not differ by angiographic pattern probably due to the low event rate (4/60, 6.7%) within 6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with severe M1 stenosis had 3 different angiographic patterns, which correlated with presenting symptoms, infarct patterns and perfusion status. Differences in patterns may be related to variation in collateral circulation at the ACA-MCA borderzone and hypoperfusion status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jae Kyun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung Se
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Sang Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae Chul
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Suh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020771:Anterior Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002537:Intracranial Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012042:Registries; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D016896:Treatment Outcome