title: P38alpha-selective mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor for improvement of cultured human islet recovery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether the recovery of cultured human islets is improved through the addition of a p38alpha-selective mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibitor, SD-282, to clinically used serum-free culture medium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immediately after isolation, islets were cultured for 24 hours in medium alone (control) or medium containing dimethyl sulfoxide, 0.1 microM SD-282, or 0.3 microM SD-282. Cytokine expression, apoptotic beta-cell percentage, and islet function were assessed postculture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of p38 and phosphorylated p38 in islets increased during culture. Interleukin 6 mRNA expression in cultured islets, as well as IL-6, IL-8, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor released into the medium, was significantly reduced by adding SD-282. The apoptotic beta-cell percentage was significantly lower in islets cultured with 0.1 microM SD-282, but not 0.3 microM, as compared with the control. Stimulation indices measured in vitro were higher but without significance (P = 0.06); the function of transplanted islets in diabetic NOD-scid mice was also better in 0.1-microM SD-282 group as compared with control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Better islet function was obtained by adding 0.1 microM SD-282 to the serum-free culture medium. This improvement was associated with suppression of cytokine production and prevention of beta-cell apoptosis. However, this beneficial effect was diminished at a higher concentration.
authors.affiliation: Southern California Islet Cell Resources Center, Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omori
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Todorov
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shintaku
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rawson
authors.forename: Ismail H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Al-Abdullah
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: Satyanarayana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Medicherla
authors.forename: Fouad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kandeel
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mullen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006085:Graft Survival; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D007211:Indoles; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; C514526:indole-5-carboxamide; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D005947:Glucose