title: Integrating phenotype ontologies across multiple species.
abstract: Phenotype ontologies are typically constructed to serve the needs of a particular community, such as annotation of genotype-phenotype associations in mouse or human. Here we demonstrate how these ontologies can be improved through assignment of logical definitions using a core ontology of phenotypic qualities and multiple additional ontologies from the Open Biological Ontologies library. We also show how these logical definitions can be used for data integration when combined with a unified multi-species anatomy ontology.
authors.affiliation: Genome Dynamics Department, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. cjm@berkeleybop.org
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mungall
authors.forename: Georgios V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Gkoutos
authors.forename: Cynthia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Haendel
authors.forename: Suzanna E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashburner
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001331:Automation; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods; D016678:Genome; D015894:Genome, Human; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D010641:Phenotype; D012984:Software; D013045:Species Specificity