title: Colorectal cancer among Arab-Israeli women--possible reasons for increased incidence and mortality.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening is effective in reducing its incidence by discovering precancerous polyps and detecting early cancer. Evidence indicates lower participation in screening programs among minority ethnic groups. In addition, the Israel Cancer Registry published an increase in the incidence of CRC among Israeli-Arab women. It is important to attempt to understand attitudes toward screening among Israeli-Arab women, assuming it has to do to lack of knowledge and compliance.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the study period, a female team gave lectures in Arabic regarding CRC to women in 16 Arab villages. Prior to the lecture, the participants were asked to complete a questionnaire, obtaining information regarding CRC knowledge and screening. Following the lecture, FOBT kits were distributed. Two weeks later, a telephone survey was performed, regarding whether the FOBT was performed, the result of the test, and, if FOBT was not performed, the reasons for not completing the test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FOBT was performed by 17.8% prior to the lecture; 61% performed the FOBT following our lecture. Reasons cited for avoiding FOBT: 37% was "afraid of a positive result," 32% avoided performing the test as they were concerned they would be further examined by a male physician; 47.8% concluded that Arab women lack knowledge regarding screening interventions; 23.9% neglect themselves from a health point of view; 11.6% advised that Arab women have no free time to perform tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Israeli-Arab women may be less knowledgeable concerning CRC. Educational efforts must be made to increase awareness and promote benefits of CRC screening, by targeting ethnic minorities and women in Israel.
authors.affiliation: Bnai-zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. TOVA@4UTV.CO.IL
authors.forename: Tova
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rainis
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Halloun
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Keren
authors.forename: Itay
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shuv-ami
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lavy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018912:Arabs / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007557:Israel / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality; D009780:Occult Blood; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D012042:Registries