title: Anti-inflammatory activity of methylene chloride fraction from Glehnia littoralis extract via suppression of NF-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity.
abstract: Glehnia littoralis (Umbelliferae) has been used traditionally in Korean, Japanese, and Chinese medicine for the treatment of immune-related diseases; however, its anti-inflammatory activity and underlying mechanism remain to be defined. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect and inhibitory mechanism on inflammation by the methylene chloride fraction from Glehnia littoralis extract (MCF-GLE), which was more effective than Glehnia littoralis extract (GLE). MCF-GLE inhibited 12-O-Tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation in an inflammatory edema mouse model. Also, MCF-GLE strongly inhibited the releases of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and significantly suppressed the mRNA and protein expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, MCF-GLE suppressed NF-kappaB activation and IkappaB-alpha degradation. MCF-GLE also attenuated the activation of ERK and JNK in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that MCF-GLE has an inhibitory effect on the in vivo and in vitro inflammatory reaction and is a possible therapeutic agent. Our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of MCF-GLE may result from the inhibition of pro-inflammatory mediators, such as NO, PGE(2), TNF-alpha, and IL-1beta via suppression of NF-kappaB- and mitogen-activated protein kinases-dependent pathways.
authors.affiliation: Center of Herbal Resources Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: Taesook
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Myeong Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: A Yeong
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Do Yeon
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byeong Cheol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Jin Mi
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Byung Kil
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Choo
authors.forename: Ho Kyoung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019661:Apiaceae; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008752:Methylene Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases