title: Dietary assessment methods for micronutrient intake in infants, children and adolescents: a systematic review.
abstract: A systematic literature search identified studies validating the methodology used for measuring the usual dietary intake in infants, children and adolescents. The quality of each validation study selected was assessed using a European micronutrient Recommendations Aligned-developed scoring system. The validation studies were categorised according to whether the study used a reference method that reflected short-term intake ( < 7 d), long-term intake ( > or = 7 d) or used biomarkers. A correlation coefficient for each nutrient was calculated from the mean of the correlation coefficients from each study weighted by the quality of the study. Thirty-two articles were included in the present review: validation studies from infants (1-23 months); child preschool (2-5 years); children (6-12 years); adolescents (13-18 years). Validation of FFQ studies in infants and preschool children using a reference method that reflected short-term intake showed good correlations for niacin, thiamin, vitamins B6, D, C, E, riboflavin, Ca, K, Mg, Fe and Zn (with correlations ranging from 0.55 for vitamin E to 0.69 for niacin).Regarding the reference method reflecting short-term intake in children and adolescents, good correlations were seen only for vitamin C (r 0.61) and Ca (r 0.51). Using serum levels of micronutrient demonstrated that the 3 d weighed dietary records was superior to the FFQ as a tool to validate micronutrient intakes. Including supplement users generally improved the correlations between micronutrient intakes estimated by any of the dietary intake methods and respective biochemical indices.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Research Group, Department of Clinical Sciences, Centre for Health Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. aortiza@acciones.ulpgc.es
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Andrellucchi
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henríquez-Sánchez
authors.forename: Almudena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Villegas
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peña-Quintana
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mendez
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serra-Majem
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004034:Diet Surveys; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018977:Micronutrients