title: Wnt5a signaling is involved in the aggressiveness of prostate cancer and expression of metalloproteinase.
abstract: Wnt5a is a representative ligand that activates the beta-catenin-independent pathway in Wnt signaling. Although it has been reported that abnormal activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin-dependent pathway is often observed in human prostate cancer, the involvement of the beta-catenin-independent pathway in this cancer is unclear. Abnormal expression of Wnt5a and beta-catenin was observed in 27 (28%) and 49 (50%) of 98 prostate cancer cases, respectively, by immunohistochemical analyses. Simultaneous expression of Wnt5a and beta-catenin was observed in only five cases, suggesting their exclusive expression. The positive detection of Wnt5a was correlated with high Gleason scores and biochemical relapse of prostate cancer, but that of beta-catenin was not. Knockdown and overexpression of Wnt5a in human prostate cancer cell lines reduced and stimulated, respectively, their invasion activities, and the invasion activity required Frizzled2 and Ror2 as Wnt receptors. Wnt5a activated Jun-N-terminal kinase through protein kinase D (PKD) and the inhibition of PKD suppressed Wnt5a-dependent cell migration and invasion. In addition, Wnt5a induced the expression of metalloproteinase-1 through the recruitment of JunD to its promoter region. These results suggest that Wnt5a promotes the aggressiveness of prostate cancer and that its expression is involved in relapse after prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oue
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012008:Recurrence; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C085389:WNT5A protein, human; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases