title: [Snellen visual acuity evaluation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the visual acuity (VA) measurement by Snellen chart at three main Ophthalmology centers in Curitiba, compare these measurements with a computerized method for calibrating VA and also with the standard theory developed by Hermann Snellen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive study including 15 Ophthalmology clinics and a computerized method to measure the VA. Using a tape measure and a caliper, measurement of the distance was obtained from the sitting patients' eye to VA optotypes projection on the wall. At the same time, measurement of the size of the letters of 4 lines of the VA projection on the wall was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To analyze the results, it was opted to compare the angles presented by each clinic for each measurement. It was not surprising that no clinic presented an exact angle of 5 arch minutes. Comparing clinics results with computerized method, we observed that only 2 clinics obtained better results if compared with the angles obtained from optotypes projection, but the data is very similar and with no statistical significance. In relation to the other clinics, the superiority of the computerized method is very relevant. All had differences in comparison to the gold standard. Individually, comparing computerized method to standard Snellen theory, it was observed that a condition very close to the ideal was obtained, in other words, results very similar to 5 arch minutes were noted in all the visual acuities analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It can be concluded that there is a great heterogeneity in the evaluation of VA in different Ophthalmology centers. Also, the same patient, evaluated in different clinics, can obtain different VA measurements. The computerized method is practical, portable, adjustable for different distances, and maintains optotypes proportionality ratio based on visual angle and approaches the theoretical values recommended by Herman Snellen in 1862.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Olhos do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil.
authors.forename: Marcio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zapparoli
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Hamilton
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*