Cloning, purification and characterization of non-human primate 12/15-lipoxygenases.
The enzyme 15-lipoxygenase-1 (15-LO-1) possesses mainly 15-LO activity and has so far only been described in human cells and rabbit reticulocytes. The animal ortholog, except rabbit reticulocytes, is an enzyme with predominantly a 12-lipoxygenase activity, commonly referred to as 12/15-LO. We describe herein the characterization of the 12/15-LOs in Macaca mulatta (rhesus monkey) and in Pongo pygmaeus (orang-utan). The rhesus and the orang-utan enzymes have mainly 12-lipoxygenase and 15-lipoxygenase activity, respectively, and they display 94% and 98% identity to the human 15-LO-1 protein. The rhesus enzyme was functionally different from the human enzyme with respect to substrate utilization in that anandamide was used differently and that the rhesus enzymes positional specificity could be affected by the substrate concentration. Furthermore, genomic data indicate that chimpanzees express an enzyme with mainly 15-lipoxygenase activity whereas marmosets express an enzyme with mainly 12-LO activity. Taken together, the switch during evolution from a 12-lipoxygenating enzyme in lower primates to a 15-lipoxygenating enzyme in higher primates and man might be of importance for the biological function of this enzyme.
Johannesson
M
M
Orexo AB, P.O. Box 303, 751 05 Uppsala, Stockholm, Sweden.
Backman
L
L
Claesson
H-E
HE
Forsell
P K A
PK
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D011148:Pongo pygmaeus / Q000378:metabolism; D011323:Primates / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; C078814:anandamide