title: The mechanism of eukaryotic translation initiation and principles of its regulation.
abstract: Protein synthesis is principally regulated at the initiation stage (rather than during elongation or termination), allowing rapid, reversible and spatial control of gene expression. Progress over recent years in determining the structures and activities of initiation factors, and in mapping their interactions in ribosomal initiation complexes, have advanced our understanding of the complex translation initiation process. These developments have provided a solid foundation for studying the regulation of translation initiation by mechanisms that include the modulation of initiation factor activity (which affects almost all scanning-dependent initiation) and through sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs (which affect individual mRNAs).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK. rjj@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Christopher U T
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Hellen
authors.forename: Tatyana V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Pestova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D035683:MicroRNAs; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins