High-mobility group box 1 and cancer.
High-mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), a chromatin associated nuclear protein and extracellular damage associated molecular pattern molecule (DAMP), is an evolutionarily ancient and critical regulator of cell death and survival. Overexpression of HMGB1 is associated with each of the hallmarks of cancer including unlimited replicative potential, ability to develop blood vessels (angiogenesis), evasion of programmed cell death (apoptosis), self-sufficiency in growth signals, insensitivity to inhibitors of growth, inflammation, tissue invasion and metastasis. Our studies and those of our colleagues suggest that HMGB1 is central to cancer (abnormal wound healing) and many of the findings in normal wound healing as well. Here, we focus on the role of HMGB1 in cancer, the mechanisms by which it contributes to carcinogenesis, and therapeutic strategies based on targeting HMGB1.
Tang
Daolin
D
The DAMP Laboratory, Department of Surgery, G.27 Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, 5117 Centre Ave., Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Kang
Rui
R
Zeh
Herbert J
HJ
Lotze
Michael T
MT
D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins