Early origins of cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic kidney disease.
The importance of cardiovascular disease in adults with chronic kidney disease is now well recognized. For children who develop chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease is also a leading cause of eventual morbidity and mortality. Although the clinical manifestations of cardiovascular disease may not be apparent until later, early subclinical findings can be observed even during childhood. This review updates the reader on the epidemiology of cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic kidney disease, discusses risk factors and potential mechanisms of accelerated cardiovascular disease, reviews evidence of early manifestations of cardiovascular disease in pediatric chronic kidney disease, and briefly discusses prevention and treatment strategies.
Patel
Hiren P
HP
Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, Ohio 43205, USA. hiren.patel@nationwidechildrens.org
D000367:Age Factors; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors