[Gonadotrophic axis dysfunction in men with HIV-infection/aids].
Gonadotrophic axis dysfunction is commonly observed in HIV-infected patients. The pathogenesis is multifactorial and related to duration of HIV infection, direct cytopathic effects of viruses, use of drugs, opportunistic infections, malignancies, and malnutrition, among other factors. In men, reduced levels of testosterone is associated with loss of muscle mass and strength, decreased bone mineral density, lipodystrophy, depression, asthenia, fatigue and sexual dysfunction. In HIV-infected patients with hypogonadism, numerous studies have shown the beneficial effects of testosterone replacement on the metabolic profile and distribution of body fat, with increased body mass weight, and promote better quality of life, reduce the bone mass loss and the rates of depression. Thus, this review aimed to present a brief update of epidemiologic data, pathophysiology aspects and treatment strategies for the major abnormalities of male gonadotrophic axis associated with HIV infection and its treatment.
Ponte
Clarisse Mourão Melo
CM
Ambulatório de Distúrbios Endócrino-Metabólicos em HIV/Aids, Hospital São José de Doenças Infecciosas, Secretaria de Saúde do Estado do Ceará.
Gurgel
Maria Helane Costa
MH
Montenegro
Renan Magalhães
RM
D000728:Androgens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006058:Gonadal Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000209:etiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000209:etiology; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D013739:Testosterone / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone