Dietary predictors and plasma concentrations of perfluorinated compounds in a coastal population from northern Norway.
Dietary intake, age, gender, and body mass index were investigated as possible predictors of perfluorinated compounds in a study population from northern Norway (44 women and 16 men). In addition to donating a blood sample, the participants answered a detailed questionnaire about diet and lifestyle. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) (29 ng/mL), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) (3.9 ng/mL), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) (0.5 ng/mL), perfluorononanoate (PFNA) (0.8 ng/mL), and perfluoroheptane sulfonate (PFHpS) (1.1 ng/mL) were detected in more than 95% of all samples. Of the dietary items investigated, fruit and vegetables significantly reduced the concentrations of PFOS and PFHpS, whereas fatty fish to a smaller extent significantly increased the levels of the same compounds. Men had significantly higher concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFHpS than women. There were significant differences in PFOS isomer pattern between genders, with women having the largest proportion of linear PFOS. PFOS, PFHxS, and PFHpS concentrations also increased with age.
Rylander
Charlotta
C
Department of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, 9037 Tromsø, Norway. charlotta.rylander@uit.no
Brustad
Magritt
M
Falk
Helena
H
Sandanger
Torkjel M
TM
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002210:Caprylates / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000097:blood*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005638:Fruit; D006536:Heptanes; D006801:Humans; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D017747:Seafood; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000097:blood*
D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D002210:Caprylates; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006536:Heptanes; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C471071:perfluorohexanesulfonic acid; C018959:hexadecafluoro-nonanoic acid; C023036:perfluorooctanoic acid; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; C528185:perfluoroheptane