title: Interleukin-1beta serum levels is increased in antidepressant-free elderly depressed patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the serum levels of interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) in elderly depressed patients in comparison with nondepressed healthy elderly subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary memory clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three antidepressant-free elderly depressed patients and 44 nondepressed healthy elderly comparison group were enrolled to this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum IL-1beta levels were determined with highly sensitive colorimetric sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Severity of the depressive episode was determined by scores on the Hamilton Depression Scale-21 item and cognitive performance by the scores on the Cambridge Cognition Examination, Mini Mental State Examination clock drawing test, and verbal fluency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1beta serum levels were increased in elderly patients versus nondepressed elderly (t = 2.21, df = 65, p = 0.04). After categorizing elderly depressed subjects into late onset (LOD) versus early onset (EOD), patients with EOD had the highest IL-1beta levels, when compared with nondepressed elderly patients and patients with LOD in analysis of variance (F = 4.9, df = 2, 64, p <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Late-life depression is associated with higher IL-1beta levels suggesting that increased proinflammatory state may play a role in the physiopathology of depression in the elderly. The authors further show that this might be more prominent in those patients with EOD geriatric depression.
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Laboratory of Neuroscience-LIM 27, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Breno Satler
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Antonio Lucio
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Leda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Talib
authors.forename: Wagner Farid
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Gattaz
authors.forename: Orestes Vicente
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Forlenza
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood*; D003071:Cognition; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D053583:Interleukin-1beta