title: The type III secretion effector NleE inhibits NF-kappaB activation.
abstract: The complex host-pathogen interplay involves the recognition of the pathogen by the host's innate immune system and countermeasures taken by the pathogen. Detection of invading bacteria by the host leads to rapid activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB, followed by inflammation and eradication of the intruders. In response, some pathogens, including enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC), acquired means of blocking NF-kappaB activation. We show that inhibition of NF-kappaB activation by EPEC involves the injection of NleE into the host cell. Importantly, we show that NleE inhibits NF-kappaB activation by preventing activation of IKKbeta and consequently the degradation of the NF-kappaB inhibitor, IkappaB. This NleE activity is enhanced by, but is not dependent on, a second injected effector, NleB. In conclusion, this study describes two effectors, NleB and NleE, with no similarity to other known proteins, used by pathogens to manipulate NF-kappaB signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Kobi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baruch
authors.forename: Simi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobi
authors.forename: Erez
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Gili
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haviv
authors.forename: Marganit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farago
authors.forename: Irit
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alkalay
authors.forename: Sina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bartfeld
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Yinon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ben-Neriah
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosenshine
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D054308:Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C083487:I kappa B beta protein; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C526043:NleE protein, E coli; D037521:Virulence Factors