title: Intuitiveness, quality and utility of intraoperative fluorescence videoangiography: Australian Neurosurgical Experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors have undertaken a study of their intraoperative experience with indocyanine green fluorescence videoangiography (ICGFV). In particular, the intuitiveness, image quality and clinical utility of this technology have been assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of forty-six consecutive craniotomies utilising ICGFV have been retrospectively reviewed: There were 27 aneurysms, 2 extracranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypasses, 5 arteriovenous malformations (AVM), 1 dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF), 3 cavernomas, 5 meningiomas, and 3 gliomas. ICGFV was used in 5 awake-craniotomy patients. ICGFV was performed using a Leica OH4 surgical microscope with integrated near-infrared camera and ICG-PULSION.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All attempts of intraoperative ICGFV were intuitive. Image quality and resolution were excellent. Arterial and venous phases were comparable to digital subtraction angiography (DSA) but field of view was relatively limited. In 12 operations (26%) the surgeon was substantially benefited from ICGFV findings. In 22 operations (48%), ICGFV was useful but did not influence surgical management. ICGFV was of no benefit in 11 operations (24%) and was misleading in 1 (2%). In this series, ICGFV was of benefit to 1 of 11 (9%) patients with an intracranial neoplasm or cavernoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICGFV is safe, intuitive and provides neurosurgeons with high quality, valuable, real-time imaging of cerebrovascular anatomy. It can assist in intraoperative surgical management and/or stroke prevention particularly during aneurysm clipping, EC-IC bypass and AVM/DAVF surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, The Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia. vgkhurana@gmail.com
authors.forename: Vini G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Khurana
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seow
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000592:standards; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000592:standards; D020765:Intracranial Arterial Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green