title: [Alzheimer's disease and hearing loss].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the different epidemiological, neurophysiological and morphological studies published in the literature, it is still not known for sure whether there is a relation between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and peripheral hearing loss. In this work we conduct an auditory study in patients with AD and in volunteer controls in order to investigate this possible relationship.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample studied consisted of 14 patients with a clinical diagnosis of probable AD (age: 79 Y 6 years) and 14 volunteers (age: 76 Y 5 years) who visited the Clinica Universidad de Navarra. After applying a set of thorough criteria to preclude any previous hearing problems, all the participants underwent a subjective hearing assessment by means of pure-tone threshold audiometry and vocal audiometry and an objective auditory assessment using a tympanometry study, stapedial reflex, otoacoustic emissions and brainstem auditory evoked potentials. For the analysis, patients with AD and controls were paired homogenously by sex and age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main obstacle hindering the study was to recruit the participants, due to the fact that they did not see any direct benefit from the study and it demanded an excessive amount of their time. Pure-tone threshold audiometry showed that patients with AD had a pattern of greater hearing loss for acute frequencies, with statistically significant differences. No significant differences were found in the analysis of the rest of the subjective and objective hearing tests.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of our study both agree and disagree with some earlier works from the literature, which suggests that patients with AD may have their own auditory pattern.
authors.affiliation: Clinica Universitaria de Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Espana.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gimeno-Vilar
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Cervera-Paz
mesh_terms: D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000502:physiology; D012022:Reflex, Acoustic / Q000502:physiology