title: Proteomics in prostate cancer biomarker discovery.
abstract: Despite advances in molecular medicine, genomics, proteomics and translational research, prostate cancer remains the second most common cause of cancer-related mortality for men in the Western world. Clearly, early detection, targeted treatment and post-treatment monitoring are vital tools to combat this disease. Tumor markers can be useful for diagnosis and early detection of cancer, assessment of prognosis, prediction of therapeutic effect and treatment monitoring. Such tumor markers include prostate-specific antigen (prostate), cancer antigen (CA)15.3 (breast), CA125 (ovarian), CA19.9 (gastrointestinal) and serum alpha-fetoprotein (testicular cancer). However, all of these biomarkers lack sensitivity and specificity and, therefore, there is a large drive towards proteomic biomarker discovery. Current research efforts are directed towards discovering biosignatures from biological samples using novel proteomic technologies that provide high-throughput, in-depth analysis and quantification of the proteome. Several of these studies have revealed promising biomarkers for use in diagnosis, assessment of prognosis, and targeting treatment of prostate cancer. This review focuses on prostate cancer proteomic biomarker discovery and its future potential.
authors.affiliation: Human Genetics Division, MP808, Duthie Building, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO16 6YD, UK.
authors.forename: Samantha E T
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Larkin
authors.forename: Bashar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zeidan
authors.forename: Matthew G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Bridget
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bickers
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Al-Ruwaili
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aukim-Hastie
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Townsend
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins