title: Live face-to-face interaction during fMRI: a new tool for social cognitive neuroscience.
abstract: Cooperative social interaction is critical for human social development and learning. Despite the importance of social interaction, previous neuroimaging studies lack two fundamental components of everyday face-to-face interactions: contingent responding and joint attention. In the current studies, functional MRI data were collected while participants interacted with a human experimenter face-to-face via live video feed as they engaged in simple cooperative games. In Experiment 1, participants engaged in a live interaction with the experimenter ("Live") or watched a video of the same interaction ("Recorded"). During the "Live" interaction, as compared to the Recorded conditions, greater activation was seen in brain regions involved in social cognition and reward, including the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), right superior temporal sulcus (rSTS), ventral striatum, and amygdala. Experiment 2 isolated joint attention, a critical component of social interaction. Participants either followed the gaze of the live experimenter to a shared target of attention ("Joint Attention") or found the target of attention alone while the experimenter was visible but not sharing attention ("Solo Attention"). The right temporoparietal junction and right posterior STS were differentially recruited during Joint, as compared to Solo, attention. These findings suggest the rpSTS and rTPJ are key regions for both social interaction and joint attention. This method of allowing online, contingent social interactions in the scanner could open up new avenues of research in social cognitive neuroscience, both in typical and atypical populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 43 Vassar St, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. redcay@mit.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Redcay
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dodell-Feder
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pearrow
authors.forename: Penelope L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Mavros
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kleiner
authors.forename: John D E
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gabrieli
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saxe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005717:Games, Experimental; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult