title: Analysis of prognostic factors in male breast cancer: a report of 72 cases from a single institution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Male breast cancer (MBC) in China usually has been studied retrospectively with small sample size, and studies analyzing the prognostic factors are rare. This study was to investigate the prognostic factors of Chinese patients with MBC based on the data from a single institute with a relatively large sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data of 72 patients with histopathologically confirmed MBC who received treatment at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center between January 1969 and March 2009, were collected. Kaplan-Meier, log-rank test and Cox regression model were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year overall survival rate was 72.4%, and the survival rates for stage I, II, III, and IV were 100%, 74.2%, 57.2%, and 0%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the tumor size (P < 0.001), axillary lymph node status (P = 0.001), TNM stage (P = 0.001), operation model (with vs. without: P < 0.001; classic radical resection vs. modified radical resection, P = 0.336) and endocrine therapy(P = 0.02) significantly influenced the survival. Multivariate Cox regression showed that TNM stage (P = 0.035), operation model (P = 0.021) and endocrine therapy (P = 0.019) were independent prognostic factors for MBC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment strategy consisting of surgery and endocrine treatment is essential to improve the survival of the patients with MBC, and TNM stage, operation and endocrine treatment are the significant prognostic factors for MBC.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, PR China.
authors.forename: Fei-Fei
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Liang-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Gui-Fang
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yu-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: Hui-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Bei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017312:Toremifene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D013629:Tamoxifen; D017312:Toremifene