title: HMGB1: roles in base excision repair and related function.
abstract: High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nonhistone architectural protein that is involved in many biological processes including chromatin remodeling, transcription, cell signaling of inflammation, DNA damage repair and others. Recent studies have identified the cross-link of HMGB1 with a DNA base excision repair intermediate indicating that this protein is involved in base excision repair (BER) pathway. Further characterization of the roles of HMGB1 in BER demonstrates that the protein acts as a cofactor to regulate BER sub-pathways by inhibiting single-nucleotide BER and stimulating long-patch BER through modulating the activities of base excision repair enzymes. Directing of base lesion repair to the long-patch sub-pathway can result in trinucleotide repeat instability suggesting an important role of HMGB1 in modulating genome stability.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Structural Biology, The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rajendra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Samuel H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053904:DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded; D004260:DNA Repair; D042822:Genomic Instability; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D019680:Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D024243:HMGB1 Protein