title: Medial plantar venous flap technique for volar oblique amputation with no defects in the nail matrix and nail bed.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Skin grafting is a simple technique used during volar oblique amputation; however, it is not appropriate to use this technique if the bone or tendon is exposed. Moreover, in volar oblique amputation, if the severed section is large and elongated, skin grafting makes the lack of volume conspicuous, and reconstruction with a V-Y advancement flap occasionally results in a nail deformity that resembles a parrot's beak. We used a medial plantar venous flap for the correction of large volar oblique amputation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reconstructive surgery was performed on patients with volar oblique amputation in whom the proximal severed volar regions extended from the nail matrix to the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint. The medial plantar venous flap was harvested, the distal subcutaneous vein or communicating vein of the medial plantar area was anastomosed to the proper digital artery, and the proximal vein of the flap was anastomosed to the dorsal subcutaneous vein of the stump of the digit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The flaps survived in all the patients. At 12 months after the surgery, all the treated fingers had attained a good shape. Patients who underwent reconstruction with medial plantar venous flaps attained good sensory restoration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In volar oblique amputation, if the remaining nail matrix and nail bed are uninjured, then patients can expect the restoration of shape, function and sensory input after surgery. In this study, we used the medial plantar venous flap for large volar oblique amputation cases and obtained good results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8666, Japan. yokotoshi0712@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tosa
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashikawa
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009262:Nails; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery*; D014953:Wrist / Q000098:blood supply*