Relationships between colostrum production by primiparous sows and sow physiology around parturition.
Relationships between hormonal and metabolic changes around parturition and colostrum yield and composition were investigated in 16 Landrace x Large White primiparous sows. Blood samples were taken daily from d 105 of pregnancy to d 2 postpartum (with d 0 being the day of parturition). Colostrum samples were taken at the onset of parturition (T0), and then 3, 6, and 24 h later (T3, T6, and T24, respectively). Colostrum yield was calculated from the beginning of parturition until 24 h later by adding colostrum intake of individual piglets, which was estimated from their BW gain. Colostrum yield averaged 3.22 +/- 0.34 kg. Four sows had very low colostrum production (1.10 +/- 0.12 kg; n = 4), whereas the others produced between 2.83 and 4.64 kg of colostrum (3.93 +/- 0.16 kg; n = 12). Compared with the high-colostrum-producing sows, the low-colostrum-producing sows tended (P < 0.1) to have greater plasma concentrations of progesterone during the 20-h prepartum and tended (P < 0.1) to have smaller plasma concentrations of prolactin 40 and 30 h before parturition. Sows with a low colostrum yield had greater plasma concentrations of glucose than sows with a high colostrum yield from d -9 to -2 (P < 0.05). At the onset of parturition, colostrum from low-producing sows had greater percentages (P < 0.01) of DM, lipids, and GE, but less (P < 0.05) lactose, than that from high-producing sows. The Na:K ratio in colostrum during the 6 h postpartum was greater (P < 0.01) in low-producing sows than in high-producing sows, indicating that cellular junctions between epithelial mammary cells were less tightly closed. Concentrations of IgG in colostrum varied greatly between sows and decreased by approximately 80% between T0 and T24. Within high-producing sows, concentrations of IgG in colostrum at T0, T3, and T6 were negatively correlated (P < 0.05) with lactose concentrations in colostrum at the same times and were positively correlated (P < 0.05) with plasma concentrations of IGF-I measured from d -9 to 0. In contrast, no correlation (P > 0.1) was found between IgG concentrations in colostrum at any time and prolactin, estradiol-17beta, progesterone, or cortisol. In conclusion, sows that produced a low yield of colostrum were characterized by a leaky mammary epithelium and reduced synthesis of lactose, related to delayed hormonal changes before parturition.
Foisnet
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A
INRA, UMR1079 Systèmes d'Elevage Nutrition Animale et Humaine, F-35590 Saint-Gilles, France.
Farmer
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C
David
C
C
Quesnel
H
H
D000818:Animals; D003126:Colostrum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D010298:Parity; D036801:Parturition / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D013256:Steroids / Q000097:blood; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*
D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D013256:Steroids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011388:Prolactin