Genetic diversity of Salmonella enteric serovar typhi and paratyphi in Shenzhen, China from 2002 through 2007.
BACKGROUND
Typhoid and paratyphoid fever are endemic in China. The objective of this investigation was to determine the molecular features of nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella enteric serovar Typhi (S. typhi) and Paratyphi (S. paratyphi) from blood isolates in Shenzhen, China.


RESULTS
Twenty-five S. typhi and 66 S. paratyphi were isolated from 91 bacteremic patients between 2002 and 2007 at a hospital in Shenzhen, Southern China. Fifty-two percent (13/25) of S. typhi and 95.3% (61/64) of S. paratyphi A were resistant to nalidixic acid. Sixty-seven isolates of nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella (NARS) showed decreased susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MICs of 0.125-1 microg/mL). All 75 NARS isolates had a single substitution in the quinolone resistance-determining region (QRDR) of GyrA (Ser83-->Phe/Pro/Tyr, or Asp87-->Gly/Asn), and 90.7% of these isolates carried the substitution Ser83Phe in GyrA. No mutation was found in the QRDR of gyrB, parC, or parE. Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance genes including qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr were not detected in any isolate. Twenty-two distinct pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were observed among S. typhi. Sixty-four isolates of S. paratyphi A belonged to one clone. Eighty-seven investigated inpatients were infected in the community. Six patients infected by S. paratyphi A had a travel history before infection.


CONCLUSIONS
Nalidixic acid-resistant S. typhi and S. paratyphi A blood isolates were highly prevalent in Shenzhen, China. PFGE showed the variable genetic diversity of nalidixic acid-resistant S. typhi and limited genetic diversity of nalidixic acid -resistant S. paratyphi A.
Wu
Weiyuan
W
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, PR China.
Wang
Hui
H
Lu
Jian
J
Wu
Jinsong
J
Chen
Minjun
M
Xu
Yingchun
Y
Lu
Yuemei
Y
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009268:Nalidixic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D010284:Paratyphoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012482:Salmonella paratyphi A / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009268:Nalidixic Acid