title: Protective effect of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural derived from processed Fructus Corni on human hepatocyte LO2 injured by hydrogen peroxide and its mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the putative protective effect of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) derived from processed Fructus Corni on human hepatocyte cell line (LO2) injured by hydrogen peroxide in vitro and the mechanism of its protection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The percentage of cell viability was evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The hepatocyte cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometric analysis. The content of nitric oxide and caspase-3 activity were quantified spectrophotometrically by enzyme-linked immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study showed that incubation with 5-HMF caused significant increase in the viability of LO2 cell, decrease of cell apoptosis and recovery of cell cycle in LO2 cell injured by hydrogen peroxide, which was accompanied with the decreased nitric oxide level and caspase-3 activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that 5-HMF protects LO2 cell against damage induced by hydrogen peroxide through inhibiting effect of cell apoptosis caused by promoting S phase to G2/M phase and the decreased caspase-3 activity and nitric oxide level. 5-HMF is one of the active principles in processed Fructus Corni.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China. dingxia@njau.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Ming-Yan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Guan-Ye
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bao-Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D029768:Cornus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000378:metabolism*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D053148:Caspase 3; D005662:Furaldehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020011:Protective Agents; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C010574:biphenyl; C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural