title: Determining the sequence of intersecting gel pen and laser printed strokes--a comparative study.
abstract: The relative chronological sequence of intersecting gel pen ink lines and laser printed marks has been determined using optical methods. The results were obtained by observing spectral reflection, relative sheen, skipping and gaps of gel pen ink strokes at the point of intersection. The intersections are observed under stereomicroscope and digital microscope. The effectiveness of both the optical instruments for sequence of the strokes has been compared. The sequence of intersecting lines (of same colour, different colours and where one of the strokes is darker) has been established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Science, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India. komal2saini@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Komal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: Ridamjeet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Sood