title: Measurement of acetabular cup anteversion with the circle theorem.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Malposition of the acetabular cup is the major risk factor of dislocation after total hip arthroplasty. Postoperatively, measuring of acetabular cup anteversion is very difficult. The new method for measuring acetabular cup anteversion on the plain radiograph of the hip with one of the circle theorems in the basic geometry was created.
  
  
  METHODS
  An all-polyethylene acetabular cup with known angle of radiographic anteversion was mouthed to the pelvic bone. Antero-posterior hip and pelvis radiographs were taken with the cup in randomly 15 different angles of anteversion. These were reviewed by 3 orthopedic residents. All data from 3 observers were collected and examined for the accuracy, inter-observers reliability and intra-observer reliability of this method. Two films (AP radiograph of the hip and the pelvis) method was used for distinguish between anteversion and retroversion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The measurements of radiographic anteversion have the accuracy of plus or minus 2 degrees. The reliability coefficients of inter-observer variation in the first and second measurements for all definitions of anteversion are high. Pair t-test showed no significant different between value of the first and the second measurements for all definitions in all observers. The intra- and inter-observer variations were 3 degrees or less for all definitions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Acetabular cup anteversion measurement using the circle theorem iseasily to perform with high accuracy and consistency for all definitions of cup anteversion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand. arkaphat@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Arkaphat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosiyatrakul
authors.forename: Suriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luenam
authors.forename: Thanainit
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chotanaphuti
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006617:Hip Dislocation / Q000517:prevention & control; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D015588:Observer Variation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods