title: Ethanol ablation of renal cell carcinoma for palliation of symptoms in advanced disease.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of transarterial alcohol ablation of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) with distant metastasis for control of symptoms caused by primary disease. This was a retrospective study consisting of eight patients having stage IV RCC. The primary indication for embolization was hematuria in seven patients and flank pain in one patient. All eight patients underwent renal artery embolization with ethanol and gelatin sponge pledgets. After embolization periodic evaluation was done every 3 months up to 1 year. Patients treated for hematuria did not complain of hematuria at 3- and 6-month follow-up except one who died of disease after 5 months. At 9-month follow-up five patients were free of hematuria while one developed hematuria after 6 months of treatment and died after 8 months. After 1 year three patients had no hematuria. One patient who developed hematuria at 9 months died after 11 months, another patient died of cardiac arrest at 10 months. The only patient who was treated for flank pain did not complain of pain up to 1-year follow-up. To conclude, transarterial embolization of renal tumor using ethanol is very effective in controlling local symptoms such as hematuria and pain. Thus, it may be an alternative treatment offered to symptomatic patients who are either not fit for surgery or not willing to undergo surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India. dramarmukund@gmail.com
authors.forename: Amar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mukund
authors.forename: Shivanand
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gamanagatti
mesh_terms: D055011:Ablation Techniques; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010166:Palliative Care; D012077:Renal Artery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol