title: Intramuscular pressure, tissue oxygenation, and muscle fatigue of the multifidus during isometric extension in elite rowers with low back pain.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic low back pain (LBP) has been reported with a high incidence in elite rowers. It results in less effective training, long interruptions in training, and a drop in performance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The authors hypothesized that exercise-induced LBP in rowers is caused by a chronic functional compartment syndrome (CFCS) of the multifidus muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rowers were tested in their training camp. The control group was tested at a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 volunteer elite rowers complaining of LBP and 16 healthy volunteer amateur athletes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intramuscular pressure (IMP), tissue oxygenation pressure (pO2), and median frequency (MF) shift in the electromyographic power density spectrum during isometric fatiguing extension at 60% of maximum voluntary contraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the beginning (controls 186.6 mm Hg vs rowers 60.2 mm Hg, P = .002) and the end (controls 224.1 mm HG vs rowers 77.1 mm Hg, P < .001) of the endurance exercise the median IMP was significantly higher in the healthy controls. Nearly identical resting pO2 was measured in both groups (controls 37.6 mm Hg vs rowers 37.3 mm Hg, P = .740). Rowers showed higher median MF shift (rowers -11.5 Hz vs controls -8.5 Hz, P = .079) during contraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations cannot sufficiently be explained by the CFCS model and suggest that factors other than IMP have an additional effect on pain generation during exercise in elite rowers.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dehner
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmelz
authors.forename: Hans-Ullrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Völker
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pressmar
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elbel
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D004576:Electromyography; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011312:Pressure; D012307:Risk Factors; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*