title: Psychiatric diagnoses among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans screened for deployment-related traumatic brain injury.
abstract: The authors examined psychiatric diagnoses in administrative records for 13,201 United States military veterans who were screened for traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Department of Veterans Affairs facilities. Over 80% of the veterans with positive TBI screens had psychiatric diagnoses. Compared to veterans with negative TBI screens, those with positive screens, but without confirmed TBI status, were three times more likely to have a posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnosis and were two times more likely to have depression and substance-related diagnoses. Among veterans with positive TBI screens, those with clinically confirmed TBI status were more likely than those without confirmed TBI status to have diagnoses for PTSD, anxiety, and adjustment disorders. These findings have implications for health care delivery and provider education.
authors.affiliation: Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research, VA Medical Center, and Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA. kathleen.carlson@va.go
authors.forename: Kathleen F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Orazem
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nugent
authors.forename: David X
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Cifu
authors.forename: Nina A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Sayer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015897:Comorbidity; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult