title: [New developments in spastic unilateral cerebral palsy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemiplegic (or spastic unilateral) cerebral palsy accounts for about 30% of all cases of cerebral palsy. With a population prevalence of 0.6 per 1000 live births, it is the most common type of cerebral palsy among term-born children and the second most common type after diplegia among preterm infants.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Many types of prenatal and perinatal brain injury can lead to congenital hemiplegia and brain MRI is the most useful tool to classify them with accuracy and to provide early prognostic information. Perinatal arterial ischemic stroke thus appears as the leading cause in term infants, whereas encephalopathy of prematurity is the most common cause in premature babies. Other causes include brain malformations, neonatal sinovenous thrombosis, parenchymal hemorrhage (for example due to coagulopathy or alloimmune thrombocytopenia) and the more recently described familial forms of porencephaly associated with mutations in the COL4A1 gene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In adjunction with pharmacologic treatment (botulinium neurotoxin injection), new evidence-based rehabilitational interventions, such as constraint-induced movement therapy and mirror therapy, are increasingly being used.
authors.affiliation: Service de médecine physique et de réadaptation pédiatrique, hôpital Bellevue, centre hospitalier universitaire de Saint-Etienne, boulevard Pasteur, Saint-Etienne cedex 2, France. stephane.chabrier@chu-st-etienne.fr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chabrier
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roubertie
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Allard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonhomme
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gautheron
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005315:Fetal Diseases; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000209:etiology; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000196:embryology
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A