Mechanisms of recognition in dominant R gene mediated resistance.
One branch of plant innate immunity is mediated through what is traditionally known as race-specific or gene-for-gene resistance wherein the outcome of an attempted infection is determined by the genotypes of both the host and the pathogen. Dominant plant disease resistance (R) genes confer resistance to a variety of biotrophic pathogens, including viruses, encoding corresponding dominant avirulence (Avr) genes. R genes are among the most highly variable plant genes known, both within and between populations. Plant genomes encode hundreds of R genes that code for NB-LRR proteins, so named because they posses nucleotide-binding (NB) and leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains. Many matching pairs of NB-LRR and Avr proteins have been identified as well as cellular proteins that mediate R/Avr interactions, and the molecular analysis of these interactions have led to the formulation of models of how products of R genes recognize pathogens. Data from multiple NB-LRR systems indicate that the LRR domains of NB-LRR proteins determine recognition specificity. However, recent evidence suggests that NB-LRR proteins have co-opted cellular recognition co-factors that mediate interactions between Avr proteins and the N-terminal domains of NB-LRR proteins.
Moffett
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Boyce Thompson Institute for Plant Research, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
D017343:Genes, Plant; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010942:Plant Viruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs
D010940:Plant Proteins