Oral fluoride retention in orthodontic patients with and without fixed appliances after using different fluoridated home-care products.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate oral fluoride (F) retention after using fluoridated toothpastes, rinsing solutions and chewing sticks (Miswaks) in orthodontic patients with and without orthodontic appliances.


METHODS
Nine orthodontic patients, with a mean age of 16 years, were included in a randomized, cross-over, experimental study. Six different home-care F products, two NaF toothpastes (0.32% and 1.1%), two NaF mouthwash solutions (0.05% and 0.2%) and two NaF-impregnated Miswaks chewing sticks (0.05% and 0.5%), were used both during the orthodontic treatment and 1 week after debonding. Unstimulated whole saliva and approximal saliva were collected from two interdental sites, before and up to 60 min after using each product for 2 min. The retention of F was calculated as the area under the 60-min F-clearance curve (AUC).


RESULTS
In general, the F concentrations at the various sites were higher before than after debonding. Moreover, the products with a high F content (toothpaste, mouthwash and Miswaks) resulted in higher F retention than the corresponding products with a lower F content. In whole saliva, the highest AUC values were found in patients using 0.2% NaF mouthwash, followed by 1.1% NaF toothpaste (p < 0.05). In approximal saliva, the retention values were highest after using 0.5% NaF-impregnated Miswaks in patients wearing orthodontic appliances (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
The insertion of fixed orthodontic appliances appears to favor oral F retention for all the tested home-care F products. In addition, products with a high F content increase oral F retention.
Baeshen
Hosam
H
Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
Kjellberg
Heidrun
H
Birkhed
Dowen
D
D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009055:Mouth / Q000378:metabolism*; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry*; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014100:Toothpastes; D012969:Sodium Fluoride