title: Stepwise progression of pulmonary adenocarcinoma--clinical and molecular implications.
abstract: Stepwise progression of pulmonary adenocarcinoma is described from the viewpoint of both pathology and molecular biology. Pulmonary adenocarcinoma develops to invasive carcinoma through atypical adenomatous hyperplasia, adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma. The Noguchi classification is well correlated with this sequential histological progression. On the other hand, in terms of molecular biology, p16 gene inactivation, EGFR mutation and KRAS mutation are early events, and tumors progress to invasive adenocarcinoma as a result of p53 mutation, loss of various chromosomes and other genetic abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. nmasayuk@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000473:pathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology