title: Comparative evaluation of anesthetic efficacy of Gow-Gates mandibular conduction anesthesia, Vazirani-Akinosi technique, buccal-plus-lingual infiltrations, and conventional inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia in patients with irreversible pulpitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conventional inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) has a poor success rate in inflamed pulps. Three alternative techniques of providing anesthesia to mandibular molars were evaluated and compared with conventional IANB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven adult volunteer subjects, actively experiencing pain, participated in this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study. Twenty-five patients received Gow-Gates mandibular conduction block anesthesia, 24 patients received "high" Vazirani-Akinosi inferior alveolar nerve block, 26 received only buccal-plus-lingual infiltrations, and 22 patients (control) received conventional IANB anesthesia. Endodontic access preparation was initiated after 15 minutes of anesthesia. Pain during treatment was recorded using a Heft-Parker visual analog scale. Success was recorded for "none" or "mild" pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis using nonparametric McNemer tests showed that Gow-Gates gave a success rate of 52%, which was statistically higher than control IANB (36%) (P < .05). Vazirani-Akinosi and infiltrations gave 41% and 27% success rates, respectively, with no statistically significant differences from control IANB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gow-Gates mandibular conduction anesthesia may increase the success rates in patients with irreversible pulpitis compared with conventional IANB. None of the techniques provided acceptable success rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Surgery, Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India. drvivekaggarwal@gmail.com
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
authors.forename: Mamta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singla
authors.forename: Debipada
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kabi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002355:Carticaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve; D008963:Molar; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011671:Pulpitis / Q000628:therapy*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002355:Carticaine