title: Functional treatment of snoring based on the tongue-repositioning manoeuvre.
abstract: Orofacial biofunction comprises muscular and physical effects, which may contribute to stabilization of the oropharyngeal airway. The tongue-repositioning manoeuvre (TRM) provides physical stabilization of the tongue and the soft palate together with, as a prerequisite, a nasal breathing mode. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of a TRM treatment concept on primary snoring. The TRM was used to achieve a closed biofunctional rest position of the orofacial system and to re-educate the nasal breathing pattern. Pressure indicating oral shields were used for home exercises as a biofeedback instrument and to support nocturnal mouth closure. Treatment was undertaken on 125 consecutive primary snorers [101 males, mean age 52.4 years, range 34-75, mean body mass index (BMI) 28.1, range 18.9-38.5, and 24 females, mean age 55.2 years, range 36-70, mean BMI 26.8, range 22.7-31.9]. Bed partner ranking was performed, and snoring was judged using a 10-cm visual analogue scale (VAS). The VAS score was 8.4 (range 6-10) before treatment and decreased to 4.1 (range 0-10) after treatment [mean observation time 4.6 months (1-10)]. Analysis of variance showed a significant influence of treatment in subjects with a normal body weight (BMI 18.5-25). The data provide evidence that dynamic stabilization of the orofacial system with the TRM in conjunction with nocturnal wear of an oral shield is beneficial for reducing the symptoms in primary snorers with a normal BMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Göttingen, Germany. wengelke@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Engelke
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Engelhardt
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Gärtner
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Deccó
authors.forename: Jenifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barrirero
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knösel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D030141:Feedback, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020247:Myofunctional Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D012913:Snoring / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D014059:Tongue / Q000502:physiology*