title: Intracellular Ca2+ modulation during short exposure to ischemia-mimetic factors in isolated rat ventricular myocytes.
abstract: We investigated the effects of different ischemia-mimetic factors on intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i). Ventricular myocytes were isolated from adult Wistar rats, and [Ca2+]i was measured using fluorescent indicator fluo-4 AM by confocal microscopy. Intracellular pH was measured using c5-(and-6)-carboxy SNARF-1 AM, a dual emission pH-sensitive ionophore. Myocytes were exposed to hypoxia, extracellular acidosis (pH(o) 6.8), Na-lactate (10 mM), or to combination of those factors for 25 min. Monitoring of [Ca2+]i using fluo-4 AM fluorescent indicator revealed that [Ca2+]i accumulation increased immediately after exposing the cells to Na-lactate and extracellular acidosis, but not during cell exposure to moderate ischemia. Increase in [Ca2+]i during Na-lactate exposure decreased to control levels at the end of exposure period at extracellular pH 7.4, but not at pH 6.8. When combined, Na-lactate and acidosis had an additive effect on [Ca2+]i increase. After removal of solutions, [Ca2+]i continued to rise only when acidosis, hypoxia, and Na-lactate were applied together. Analysis of intracellular pH revealed that treatment of cells by Na-lactate and acidosis caused intracellular acidification, while short ischemia did not significantly change intracellular pH. Our experiments suggest that increase in [Ca2+]i during short hypoxia does not occur if pH(i) does not fall, while extracellular acidosis is required for sustained rise in [Ca2+]i induced by Na-lactate. Comparing to the effect of Na-lactate, extracellular acidosis induced slower [Ca2+]i elevation, accompanied with slower decrease in intracellular pH. These multiple effects of hypoxia, extracellular acidosis, and Na-lactate are likely to cause [Ca2+]i accumulation after the hypoxic stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina. danijel_pravdic@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Danijel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pravdić
authors.forename: Nikolina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vladić
authors.forename: Zeljko Josip
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Bosnjak
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D019354:Sodium Lactate / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D019354:Sodium Lactate