title: Prognostic factors of vitreous hemorrhage secondary to exudative age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitreous hemorrhage (VH) is a rare but serious complication of the eyes with exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This retrospective study was designed to evaluate various clinical factors that may affect the visual prognosis of patients with VH secondary to exudative AMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We intensively documented 31 cases of VH secondary to exudative AMD and retrospectively analyzed best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). All eyes underwent standard pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for treating VH. Three subgroups were created according to the clinical course and treatment history before the occurrence of VH: (1) gas group (7 eyes), pneumatic displacement with sulfur hexafluoride gas performed to treat massive submacular hemorrhage; (2) photodynamic therapy (PDT) group (9 eyes), PDT performed to treat exudative AMD; (3) untreated group (15 eyes), no treatment performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a whole, BCVA before the occurrence of VH was 1.05 +/- 0.59 (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution). After the occurrence of VH, BCVA before PPV dropped to 2.61 +/- 0.82. After the operation, final BCVA improved significantly to 1.25 +/- 0.73 (P< 10(-8)). In a subgroup analysis, no statistically significant difference was seen among the 3 subgroups at any time point. We found that the eyes whose fellow eye had exudative AMD showed significantly poor final BCVA compared with the unilateral cases (0.92 +/- 0.57 and 1.49 +/- 0.72; P = .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PPV can improve visual acuity in the eyes with VH secondary to AMD, although effectiveness is limited. Medical practitioners should be cautious of the visual prognosis, especially in the cases in which the fellow eye has exudative AMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otani
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasahara
authors.forename: Norimoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Sotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ooto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.forename: Akitaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsujikawa
authors.forename: Nagahisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride