title: Occurrence and regional distribution of TRAIL and DR5 on temporomandibular joint discs: comparison of disc derangement with and without reduction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an apoptosis-inducing member of the TNF gene family which triggers apoptotic signals by interaction with its receptors. It has been suggested to be a major contributing factor to tissue degeneration.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated, through immunohistochemistry, the regional expression of TRAIL and in temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc of anterior disc displacement with reduction (ADDwR) and without reduction (ADDwoR) patients, to help determine the relationship between TMJ disc displacement and apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 18 TMJ diseased discs affected by disc displacement without or with reduction and 4 normal TMJ discs. Specimens were processed for immunohistochemistry to evaluate TRAIL and its receptor DR5 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Disc tissues from internal derangements (both ADDwR and ADDwoR) exhibited a much higher percentage of TRAIL- and DR5-positive cells as well as stain intensity compared with normal tissue though with regional variation according to the portion of the disc. There was a significantly higher percentage of stained cells in the posterior disc attachment compared with the anterior or intermediate bands of both ADDwR and ADDwoR discs for TRAIL and DR5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TRAIL and DR5 are overexpressed in displaced human TMJ disc, especially in the posterior disc attachment. These results suggest a possible pivotal role of the TRAIL/DR5 system in TMJ disc degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University of Catania, Faculty of Dentistry, Policlinico Universitario, Catania, Italy. rleonard@unict.it
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leonardi
authors.forename: Luis Eduardo
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Paula C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Trevilatto
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loreto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human