Solvent-induced virus inactivation by acidic arginine solution.
Viral clearance is a primary concern for parenteral protein biopharmaceuticals. Low pH, detergent/solvent wash, or heating, called pasteurization, has been the main process for virus inactivation. Detergent/solvent wash is also used to treat superficial infectious diseases, including herpes simplex virus (HSV) infections. Herein we examined virus inactivation effects of acidic arginine on HSV type 2 (HSV-2) as a function of pH and temperature in an attempt to find solvent conditions that are effective for virus inactivation, yet are compatible with in vivo applications. Aqueous arginine at 0.7 M was highly effective on HSV-2, more so at lower pH and higher temperature. Its effects were stronger than 0.1 M citrate, 0.1 M citrate/0.6 M NaCl or 0.7 M citrate at any pH and temperature. This demonstrates that strong virus inactivation effects of arginine are not simply due to ionic strength or high concentration and arginine possesses a unique property that results in irreversible damage in virus particles. Such strong virus inactivation effects can be used in vivo for certain superficial infectious diseases, such as genital infections.
Tsujimoto
Kazuko
K
Division of Virology, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University Graduate School of Medicine, Wakayama 641-8509, Japan.
Uozaki
Misao
M
Ikeda
Keiko
K
Yamazaki
Hisashi
H
Utsunomiya
Hirotoshi
H
Ichinose
Masao
M
Koyama
A Hajime
AH
Arakawa
Tsutomu
T
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D014709:Vero Cells; D038301:Virus Inactivation / Q000187:drug effects*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; D001120:Arginine