title: Invited review: physiological properties of bioactive peptides obtained from whey proteins.
abstract: Processing of whey proteins yields several bioactive peptides that can trigger physiological effects in the human body: on the nervous system via their opiate and ileum-contracting activities; on the cardiovascular system via their antithrombotic and antihypertensive activities; on the immune system via their antimicrobial and antiviral activities; and on the nutrition system via their digestibility and hypocholesterolemic effects. The specific physiological effects, as well the mechanisms by which they are achieved and the stabilities of the peptides obtained from various whey fractions during their gastrointestinal route, are specifically discussed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biotecnologia e Quimica Fina (CBQF)/Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, R. Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, P-4200-072 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Madureira
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.forename: A M P
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pintado
authors.forename: F X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Malcata
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D055550:Protein Stability; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D000067816:Whey Proteins