title: Teapot ureterocystoplasty and ureteral Mitrofanoff channel for bilateral megaureters: technical points and surgical results of neurogenic bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present the long-term results of simultaneous "teapot" ureterocystoplasty and ureteral Mitrofanoff in patients with bilateral megaureters due to neurogenic bladder, and compare urodynamic results before and after the procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated 13 children (mean age 7.3 years) with end stage neurogenic bladder and refluxing megaureters (mean diameter 5.5 cm) with simultaneous teapot ureterocystoplasty and Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy between April 1995 and May 2001. The larger ureter was used for teapot bladder augmentation while keeping its distal 2 cm tubularized. The Mitrofanoff channel was then created using the opposite ureter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Followup ranged from 109 to 169 months (median 121). At the end of the followup period all patients were dry with clean intermittent catheterization and/or voiding. No repeat augmentation was needed and there were no bladder calculi during followup. Median postoperative bladder capacity was 430 ml (IQR 380 to 477), which was increased significantly compared to preoperative evaluations (210 ml, IQR 181 to 230, p = 0.001). During followup bladder compliance also improved significantly (p = 0.001) and serum creatinine level decreased (p = 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although neurogenic bladder and high grade reflux are poor prognostic factors for ureterocystoplasty, the present modification resulted in enduring bladder augmentation with no calculus formation. Bladders remained compliant with good capacity, presumably because sufficient tissue and blood supply were provided for the augmented flap.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Urology Research Center, Department of Urology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. kajbafzd@sina.tums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Abdol-Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kajbafzadeh
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Farrokhi-Khajeh-Pasha
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ostovaneh
authors.forename: Behtash Ghazi
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Nezami
authors.forename: Asal
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hojjat
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods