title: Effects of exercise programs to prevent decline in health-related quality of life in highly deconditioned institutionalized elderly persons: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective was to assess the effects of targeted exercise programs on health-related quality of life compared with usual care based on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores in geriatric institutionalized persons.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial of 2 exercise programs vs usual care was conducted in 160 institutionalized persons 65 years or older who were able to understand basic motor commands and to move from one position to another. Interventions were performed over 6 months and were either an adapted tai chi program (4 times 30 min/wk) or a cognition-action program (2 times 30-45 min/wk) that focused primarily on an adapted guidance of patient-centered communication skills. The control group received usual care. The study was conducted at 4 settings. The main outcomes were changes in health-related quality of life based on ADL and Neuropsychiatric Inventory scores after 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The control group experienced a decline in ADL over the 12-month period compared with the adapted tai chi and cognition-action groups, but the differences were not significant (P = .24 and P = .15, respectively). Also, the components of ADL, eg, ability to walk, continence, and nutrition, were maintained better in the intervention groups than in the control group. The total Neuropsychiatric Inventory score also worsened significantly in the control group, while it was unchanged or improved in the intervention groups. The differences between the cognition-action group and the control group were significant (P > .001). Neuropsychiatric diagnosis subgroups (such as dementia and psychosis) did not show a specific response from any intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adapted exercise programs can slow down the decline in health-related quality of life among heterogeneous, institutionalized elderly persons.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00623532.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Activity and Exercise Psychology, LACES 4140, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dechamps
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Diolez
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thiaudière
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tulon
authors.forename: Chérifa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Onifade
authors.forename: Tuan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vuong
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helmer
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bourdel-Marchasson
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000339:Affect; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003071:Cognition; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011788:Quality of Life; D026302:Tai Ji