title: Success of self-administered home fecal transplantation for chronic Clostridium difficile infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) can relapse in patients with significant comorbidities. A subset of these patients becomes dependent on oral vancomycin therapy for prolonged periods with only temporary clinical improvement. These patients incur significant morbidity from recurrent diarrhea and financial costs from chronic antibiotic therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We sought to investigate whether self- or family-administered fecal transplantation by low volume enema could be used to definitively treat refractory CDI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report a case series (n = 7) where 100% clinical success was achieved in treating these individuals with up to 14 months of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fecal transplantation by low volume enema is an effective and safe option for patients with chronic relapsing CDI, refractory to other therapies. Making this approach available in health care settings has the potential to dramatically increase the number of patients who could benefit from this therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. mikesilverman@rogers.com
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Dylan R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pillai
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012646:Self Administration / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome