Daily consumption of apple, pear and orange juice differently affects plasma lipids and antioxidant capacity of smoking and non-smoking adults.
Epidemiological studies have shown an inverse correlation between a fruit and vegetable-rich diet and cardiovascular diseases; this beneficial effect of fruits and vegetables is probably due to the presence of antioxidant phytochemicals. In contrast, cigarette smoking is a high risk factor for lung and heart diseases, associated with chronic oxidative stress. In the present study, the effect of the consumption of a pear, an apple and 200 ml orange juice, during 26 days, on total plasma antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipid profile of chronic smokers and non-smoking healthy adults was analyzed. Fruit consumption increased TAC in non-smokers, but not in smokers. In non-smokers, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol increased significantly; while in smokers, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased. We may conclude fruit/juice supplementation showed different effects, depending on the smoking habit: in non-smokers it increased TAC and cholesterol; in smokers it reduced cholesterol, without inducing a TAC increase.
Alvarez-Parrilla
Emilio
E
Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México. ealvarez@uacj.mx
De La Rosa
Laura A
LA
Legarreta
Patricia
P
Saenz
Laura
L
Rodrigo-García
Joaquín
J
González-Aguilar
Gustavo A
GA
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001628:Beverages; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D032084:Citrus sinensis; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus; D008875:Middle Aged; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031989:Pyrus; D012016:Reference Values; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
D000975:Antioxidants; D028321:Plant Preparations; D002784:Cholesterol