title: Common premotor regions for the perception and production of prosody and correlations with empathy and prosodic ability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prosody, the melody and intonation of speech, involves the rhythm, rate, pitch and voice quality to relay linguistic and emotional information from one individual to another. A significant component of human social communication depends upon interpreting and responding to another person's prosodic tone as well as one's own ability to produce prosodic speech. However there has been little work on whether the perception and production of prosody share common neural processes, and if so, how these might correlate with individual differences in social ability.
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of the present study was to determine the degree to which perception and production of prosody rely on shared neural systems. Using fMRI, neural activity during perception and production of a meaningless phrase in different prosodic intonations was measured. Regions of overlap for production and perception of prosody were found in premotor regions, in particular the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Activity in these regions was further found to correlate with how high an individual scored on two different measures of affective empathy as well as a measure on prosodic production ability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate, for the first time, that areas that are important for prosody production may also be utilized for prosody perception, as well as other aspects of social communication and social understanding, such as aspects of empathy and prosodic ability.
authors.affiliation: Brain and Creativity Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America. lazizzad@usc.edu
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aziz-Zadeh
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Anahita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gheytanchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004645:Empathy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D013060:Speech; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014796:Visual Perception; D055815:Young Adult