Diabetes burden and access to preventive care in the rural United States.
BACKGROUND
National databases can be used to investigate diabetes prevalence and health care use. Guideline-based care can reduce diabetes complications and morbidity. Yet little is known about the prevalence of diabetes and compliance with diabetes care guidelines among rural residents and whether different national databases provide similar results.


OBJECTIVE
To examine rural-urban differences in the prevalence of diabetes and compliance with guidelines, and to compare the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) and the Medical Expenditures Panel Survey (MEPS).


METHODS
Data for 2001-2002 were analyzed and compared by rural-urban status. Prevalence was calculated as simple unadjusted, weighted unadjusted, and weighted adjusted using a multivariate approach. Results from the 2 databases were compared.


RESULTS
A slightly higher prevalence of diabetes among rural residents, 7.9% versus 6.0% in MEPS and 7.6% versus 6.6% in BRFSS, was found and persisted after adjustment for age, BMI, insurance coverage, and other demographic characteristics (adjusted OR 1.16 [1.02-1.31] in MEPS; 1.19 [1.01-1.20] in BRFSS). Rural persons in MEPS were less likely to receive an annual eye examination (aOR = 0.85) and a feet check (aOR = 0.89). A significantly (P < .05) smaller proportion of rural residents in BRFSS received an annual eye examination (aOR = 0.88), feet check (aOR = 0.85), or diabetes education (aOR = 0.83). Rural residents in both datasets were more likely to get a quarterly HbA1c test done.


CONCLUSIONS
Rural residents in both datasets had higher prevalence of diabetes. Though not always statistically significant, the trend was to less guideline compliance in rural areas.
Krishna
Santosh
S
School of Public Health, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA. krishnas@slu.edu
Gillespie
Kathleen N
KN
McBride
Timothy M
TM
D000368:Aged; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011159:Population Surveillance; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology