title: Lectin-based nanoprobes functionalized with enzyme for highly sensitive electrochemical monitoring of dynamic carbohydrate expression on living cells.
abstract: A dual-functionalized nanoprobe was designed for highly sensitive and selective in situ evaluation of carbohydrates on living cells by integrating the specific carbohydrate recognition and enzymatic signal amplification of proteins on Au nanoparticles. A nanoscaffold of nanohorns functionalized with arginine-glycine-aspartic acid-serine tetrapeptide was also prepared on an electrode surface for cell capture and enhancing the electrical connectivity. Combined with the nanoprobe and peptide-nanohorns, a highly sensitive electrochemical strategy was developed for cytosensing, which showed a detection limit down to 15 cells, broad dynamic range, acceptable rapidity, and low cost. The proposed method was further used for monitoring of dynamic variation of carbohydrate expression on cancer cells in response to drugs, which obviated the destruction or labeling of cells and the covalent tagging of lectin and enzyme. The one-pot conjugation of three components was very convenient and could be extended for preparation of other lectin-functionalized nanoprobes. Further development of this technique would contribute considerably to meeting the challenges in comprehensive understanding of the glycomic codes.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science (Ministry of Education of China), Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Quanjiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Ruocan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Huangxian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D002470:Cell Survival; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000378:metabolism; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004563:Electrochemistry; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D017026:Swainsonine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015335:Molecular Probes; D003208:Concanavalin A; D006046:Gold; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase; D017026:Swainsonine