title: Progress in the management of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
abstract: A more profound understanding in the pathophysiological mechanism of renal cell cancer has led to a shift in the treatment approach. Traditionally, cytokines were the frontline drugs, but recently this has transitioned to drugs interacting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) related pathway. Sorafenib, sunitinib, bevacizumab, temsirolimus and everolimus have demonstrated clinical improvements in randomized trials. The purpose of this review is to summarise the current management of advanced RCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Academic Hospital Duisburg, Duisburg, Germany. tqttong@gmail.com
authors.forename: T Q T
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peter
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000068338:Everolimus; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D007211:Indoles; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D011758:Pyrroles; D009536:Niacinamide; D000068258:Bevacizumab; C401859:temsirolimus; D000068338:Everolimus; D000077157:Sorafenib; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; C497446:VHL protein, human; D000077210:Sunitinib; D020123:Sirolimus