title: Calcium binding chaperones of the endoplasmic reticulum.
abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum is a major Ca(2+) store of the cell that impacts many cellular processes within the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum has roles in lipid and sterol synthesis, protein folding, post-translational modification and secretion and these functions are affected by intraluminal endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+). In the endoplasmic reticulum there are several Ca(2+) buffering chaperones including calreticulin, Grp94, BiP and protein disulfide isomerase. Calreticulin is one of the major Ca(2+) binding/buffering chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum. It has a critical role in Ca(2+) signalling in the endoplasmic reticulum lumen and this has significant impacts on many Ca(2+)-dependent pathways including control of transcription during embryonic development. In addition to Ca(2+) buffering, calreticulin plays important role in the correct folding and quality control of newly synthesized glycoproteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Coe
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michalak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry*; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D037282:Calreticulin; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C053387:endoplasmin; D002118:Calcium