title: Differential phosphorylation of functional tyrosines in CD19 modulates B-lymphocyte activation.
abstract: CD19 is a B-cell transmembrane molecule that is critical for B-cell activation. CD19 serves as a scaffold protein for key signal transduction molecules including Lyn, PI3K, and Vav, by providing docking sites for these molecules via phosphorylation of CD19-Y(513), CD19-Y(482), and CD19-Y(391). We investigated the process of CD19 tyrosine phophorylation during B-cell activation using Ab specific for each of these phosphorylated tyrosines. BCR engagement induced differential tyrosine phosphorylation, as CD19-Y(513) phophorylation occurred first, and CD19-Y(482) phosphorylation was delayed and transient. Different BCR isotypes exhibited distinct patterns of CD19 phosphorylation: IgG-BCR ligation resulted in faster phosphorylation of CD19-Y(513) and more intense phosphorylation of CD19-Y(391) than IgM-BCR ligation. This affected CD19-mediated downstream pathways involving Vav, PI3K, and Akt. Additionally, the phosphorylation profile of CD19 differed distinctly according to its plasma membrane location. CD19 phosphorylated at Y(513) was almost exclusively located within lipid rafts, whereas phosphorylated Y(482) and Y(391) were found both inside and outside of the rafts. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of all three tyrosines was remarkably enhanced and prolonged following the simultaneous stimulation of BCR and CD40. Thus, variations in phosphorylation patterns may contribute to the complexity of CD19-regulated signal transduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishiura
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Rei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsubata
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okochi
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Tedder
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000032:analysis; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C514862:Akt1 protein, mouse; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt