title: Cardioprotective effects of ischemic postconditioning in patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention, evaluated by magnetic resonance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postconditioning has been suggested to reduce myocardial damage during primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction. However, because clinical experience is limited, we examined the cardioprotective effects of postconditioning, using cardiac MRI in patients treated with PPCI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred eighteen patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction referred for PPCI were randomly assigned to have either conventional PPCI or PPCI with postconditioning. Postconditioning was performed immediately after obtained reperfusion with 4 balloon occlusions, each lasting 30 seconds, followed by 30 seconds of reperfusion. The primary end point was myocardial salvage after 3 months as judged by delayed enhancement cardiac MRI. We found a 19% relative reduction of infarct size in the postconditioning group (51+/-16% of total area at risk versus 63+/-17%, P<0.01), corresponding to a 31% increase in salvage ratio. The number of patients developing heart failure was significantly fewer in the postconditioning group (27% versus 46%, P=0.048). No significant evidence of interaction between the impact of postconditioning and the location of the culprit lesion or size of the myocardium at risk was detected (P=0.21 and P=0.71).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mechanical postconditioning reduces infarct size in patients with ST-segment-elevation myocardial infarction treated with PPCI. The impact of mechanical postconditioning seems to be independent of the size of myocardium at risk.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT00507156.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. Jacoblonborg@mail.dk
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lønborg
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kelbaek
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vejlstrup
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Helqvist
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saunamäki
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clemmensen
authors.forename: Lene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holmvang
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Treiman
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Engstrøm
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D018450:Disease Progression; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D006493:Heparin; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin