title: Rosmarinus officinalis L.: chemical modifications of the essential oil and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
abstract: Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil was separated into its hydrocarbon and oxygenated fractions. The major compounds in the hydrocarbon fraction were alpha-pinene (44.2%), camphene (24.5%), and limonene (11.7%), while in the oxygenated fraction they were 1,8-cineole (37.6%), camphor (16.5%), and bornyl acetate (21.4%). The hydrocarbon fraction was submitted to a hydroformylation process and the antioxidant activity of the product was screened by the DPPH and beta-carotene/linoleic acid tests. The hydroformylated fraction maintained the antioxidant activity of the whole oil. The MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) and the MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration) of the essential oil, hydrocarbon, oxygenated and hydroformylated fractions were also tested on several microorganisms. Aeromonas sobria and Candida strains were the most susceptible micro-organisms. The hydroformylated fraction exhibited a MBC against Candida strains resistant to the other fractions.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tossicologico, Università di Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy. pintore@uniss.it
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pintore
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chessa
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sechi
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scanu
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mangano
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tirillini
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D016877:Oxidants; D010851:Picrates; D019207:beta Carotene; D019787:Linoleic Acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl