title: Does clozapine promote employability and reduce offending among mentally disordered offenders?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare employment pay, count of infractions, and clinical symptoms in psychiatric inmates treated with clozapine or other antipsychotics after 6 months of treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical charts and institutional offence records of psychiatric inmates (n = 98), comprised of those on clozapine (n = 65) and on other antipsychotics (n = 33), were reviewed at baseline and after 6 months of treatment. The outcome measures used were Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) scores, employment pay, medication compliance, and the frequency of institutional offences. A binary logistic regression model was used to analyze a categorical change in pay variable, while a negative binomial model was used to analyze the frequency of infractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with clozapine was associated with greater odds of a pay increase (OR = 3.13; 95% CI 1.3 to 7.53, P = 0.01). However, patients on other antipsychotics had a more favourable improvement in BPRS (F = 5.44, df = 1,57, P = 0.02). Patients on other antipsychotics also had a higher count of posttreatment offences (Incidence Rate Ratio = 2.22; 95% CI 1.11 to 4.41, P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clozapine probably has a favourable effect on inmate behaviour and institutional adjustment. This effect can last up to 36 months after the initial dose.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Science, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario.
authors.forename: Lloyd
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balbuena
authors.forename: Mansfield
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mela
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Deqiang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Olajide
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adelugba
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tempier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D003024:Clozapine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D057237:Criminals / Q000523:psychology*; D016832:Employment, Supported; D005260:Female; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D014754:Violence
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine