title: [Hospital clinical safety from the patient's point of view: validation of a safety perception questionnaire].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Approximately 10% of hospitalized patients suffer an adverse event during their hospital stay. An important proportion of subjects also feel that they have a high risk of suffering such an event during an eventual hospitalization.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the perception on clinical safety among patients discharged from a hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire about hospital safety was mailed to 1300 patients discharged from a hospital. The questionnaire was analyzed using construct validity predictive validity and Cronbach Alpha for internal consistency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The questionnaire was answered by 384 patients, yielding a response rate of 29%. Of these, 77 incomplete answers were discarded. Thirty-one subjects (10%) reported a possible adverse event. In 19 cases (5.8%), it was due to medication errors and in 19 (6.1%), to surgical procedures. In seven cases (2.3%), both errors coincided (2.3%). According to the predictive validity of the questionnaire, if a patient reports an adverse event, the confidence in the hospital and in the professionals is reduced (p <0.001), communication with the physician is considered inappropriate (p =0.0001) and risk perception increases (p =0.003). Unsatisfied patients are those that believe that they have higher risks of suffering a medical error (p =0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk perception for adverse events increases after having suffered such an event. Patient satisfaction minimizes the effects of adverse events on their confidence and attitude.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Salud 17, Centro de Salud Hospital-Plá, Alicante, España. jose.mira@umh.es
authors.forename: José Joaquín
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenzo
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vitaller
authors.forename: Medhi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ziadi
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ignacio
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aranaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006761:Hospitals / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010361:Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D012308:Risk Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017751:Safety Management / Q000592:standards*; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D035502:Trust / Q000523:psychology