title: Electrochemical sensing in paper-based microfluidic devices.
abstract: This paper describes the fabrication and the performance of microfluidic paper-based electrochemical sensing devices (we call the microfluidic paper-based electrochemical devices, microPEDs). The microPEDs comprise paper-based microfluidic channels patterned by photolithography or wax printing, and electrodes screen-printed from conducting inks (e.g., carbon or Ag/AgCl). We demonstrated that the microPEDs are capable of quantifying the concentrations of various analytes (e.g., heavy-metal ions and glucose) in aqueous solutions. This low-cost analytical device should be useful for applications in public health, environmental monitoring, and the developing world.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Nijhuis
authors.forename: Jinlong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumachev
authors.forename: Andres W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Narovlyansky
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Whitesides
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004209:Disposable Equipment; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D006029:Glycosuria; D006801:Humans; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D010209:Paper; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018511:Systems Integration; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014867:Water