title: Protective effects of Nigella sativa against ischemia-reperfusion injury of kidneys.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemia-reperfusion, commonly seen in the fields of trauma surgery and renal transplantation, is a major cause of acute kidney injury and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The protective effects of Nigella sativa against ischemia-perfusion damage to various organs have been previously documented. However, its protective effects on kidney tissue against ischemia-reperfusion injury are unclear. In this study, we aimed to examine the effect of Nigella sativa in modulating inflammation and apoptosis after renal I/R injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty male Wistar-albino rats were divided into three groups: sham-operated, ischemia-reperfusion, and ischemia-reperfusion + Nigella sativa. Rats in the third group were given Nigella sativa 6 h prior to ischemia-reperfusion and at the beginning of reperfusion. All rats except those in the sham-operated group underwent 45 min of bilateral renal ischemia followed by 45 min of reperfusion. Blood samples and liver tissues were harvested from the rats, and then rats were sacrificed. Serum urea and creatinine levels were determined. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in kidney tissue and blood were measured. Kidney tissue histopathology was also evaluated. Results. Nigella sativa was effective in reducing serum urea and creatinine levels as well as decreasing the tubular necrosis score. Nigella sativa treatment significantly reduced OSI and TOS levels and increased TAC levels in both kidney tissue and blood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed differences seem to demonstrate the protective effect of Nigella sativa against renal I/R injury in rat kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Harran University Medical Faculty, Department of General Surgery, Sanliurfa, Turkey. fahrettinyildiz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Fahrettin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: Sacit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coban
authors.forename: Alpaslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savas
authors.forename: Muharrem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bitiren
authors.forename: Hakim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Nurten
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aksoy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D031881:Nigella sativa; D008517:Phytotherapy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*