title: Nontraumatic postmortem computed tomographic demonstration of cerebral gas embolism following cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate cerebral gas embolism (GE) on nontraumatic postmortem CT (PMCT), regarding its frequency, location (arterial or venous), and causes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our subjects were 404 nontraumatically deceased patients who had been in a state of cardiopulmonary arrest on arrival at our emergency room. PMCT was performed within 2 h of the confirmation of death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was performed on 387 of the 404 subjects; and of these, cerebral GE was detected in 29 (7.5%) subjects (3 arterial, 25 venous, 1 undeterminable). Cerebral GE was not noted in the other 17 of the 404 subjects who did not undergo CPR. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence of cerebral GE between the subjects who underwent CPR and those who did not. The mechanism of cerebral arterial GE was presumed due to pulmonary barotrauma and/or paradoxical embolism, while the thoracic pump theory was suggested to explain the cerebral venous GE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cerebral arterial/venous GE is found in CPR cases on nontraumatic PMCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Tsukuba Medical Center, 1-3-1 Amakubo, Tsukuba, Japan. shiotani@tmch.or.jp
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiotani
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atake
authors.forename: Mototsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Masatsune
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult