title: Neuroprotective effect of carvedilol and melatonin on 3-nitropropionic acid-induced neurotoxicity in neuroblastoma.
abstract: In neurodegenerative diseases, progressive oxidative stress is a major event that precedes neuronal death. Oxidative stress is characterized by an imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants. This imbalance induced oxidative molecular and cell damage, reducing cellular viability. 3-Nitropropionic acid (3NP) causes oxidative stress and other molecular and cellular changes similar to those observed in neurons of patients with Huntington's disease. Since carvedilol and melatonin act as free-radical scavengers, this study examined the effect of carvedilol (10(-5) M) and melatonin (10(-5) M) on oxidative and cell damage induced by 3NP in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells. Carvedilol and melatonin prevented the increases in lipid peroxidation and total LDH activity, as well as the depletion of reduced glutathione (GSH) and the reduction of antioxidative enzymes activities in N1E-115 cells incubated with 100 mM 3NP. All these carvedilol and melatonin effects were more intense when the drugs were added before rather than after inducing the damage by 3NP. These results also provided evidence supporting the hypothesis that carvedilol and melatonin can be useful for treating neurodegenerative diseases, such as Huntington's disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Universidad de Córdoba, 14004 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tasset
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Espínola
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feijóo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Collado
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muntané
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Montilla
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Túnez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051379:Mice; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011422:Propionates; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011412:Propanolamines; D011422:Propionates; D000077261:Carvedilol; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005978:Glutathione; D008550:Melatonin; C015392:3-nitropropionic acid