Estimating the cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in Brazil.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the costs and benefits of pneumococcal conjugate vaccination compared with no vaccination from the perspectives of the health care system and society.


METHODS
Using data from established sources, we estimated the incidence and mortality due to invasive pneumococcal disease, pneumonia, and acute otitis media (AOM) for a hypothetical birth cohort of children from birth to 5 years.


RESULTS
A universal pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program was estimated capable of annually avoiding 1 047 cases of invasive disease, 58 226 cases of pneumonia, and 209 862 cases of AOM. When herd immunity effects were considered, the program prevented 1.3 million cases of pneumococcal disease and over 7 000 pneumococcal deaths. At a vaccination cost of R$ 51.12 (US$ 26.35) per dose, vaccination would cost annually R$ 4 289 (US$ 2,211) per disability-adjusted life years averted. This does not take into account herd immunity effects.


CONCLUSIONS
At the current vaccine price, conjugate vaccination could be a cost-effective investment compared to other options to control childhood diseases. Further analysis is required to determine whether vaccination at the current price is affordable to Brazil.
Vespa
Glaucia
G
Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Constenla
Dagna O
DO
Pepe
Camila
C
Safadi
Marco Aurélio
MA
Berezin
Eitan
E
de Moraes
José Cássio
JC
de Campos
Carlos Alberto Herrerias
CA
Araujo
Denizar Vianna
DV
de Andrade
Ana Lucia S S
AL
D001938:Brazil; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000191:economics*; D013179:Spouse Abuse; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate