title: Effects of remifentanil on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of remifentanil on isoflurane minimum alveolar concentration (ISO(MAC)) in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 adult mixed-breed dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were anesthetized with isoflurane on 2 occasions. During the first set of experiments, ISO(MAC) was determined before remifentanil infusion (baseline), during constant rate infusion (CRI) of remifentanil (0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 microg/kg/min), and 80 minutes after remifentanil infusion. After a 1-week washout period, dogs received a CRI of remifentanil (0.15 microg/kg/min) and ISO(MAC) was redetermined 2, 4, and 6 hours after commencing the infusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean +/- SD baseline ISO(MAC) was 1.24 +/- 0.18%. Remifentanil infusion (0.15, 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 microg/kg/min) decreased ISO(MAC) by 43 +/- 10%, 59 +/- 10%, 66 +/- 9%, and 71 +/- 9%, respectively. The ISO(MAC) values determined during the 0.30, 0.60, and 0.90 microg/kg/min infusion rates did not differ from each other, but these values were significantly lower, compared with the 0.15 microg/kg/min infusion rate. The ISO(MAC) recorded after remifentanil infusion (1.09 +/- 0.18%) did not differ from baseline ISO(MAC). There was no change in ISO(MAC) throughout the 6-hour period of a CRI of remifentanil.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Remifentanil decreased ISO(MAC) in a dose-related fashion; the reduction in ISO(MAC) was stable over the course of a prolonged CRI (6 hours). A dose of 0.30 microg of remifentanil/kg/min resulted in nearly maximal isoflurane-sparing effect in dogs; a ceiling effect was observed at higher infusion rates.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, UNESP -Universidade Estadual Paulista, Campus de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eduardo R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Teixeira-Neto
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Campagnol
authors.forename: Renata K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Alvaides
authors.forename: Natache A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Garofalo
authors.forename: Lídia M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010880:Piperidines / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli; D000077208:Remifentanil
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D010880:Piperidines; D007530:Isoflurane; D000077208:Remifentanil