title: [Effects of chronic renal insufficiency and anemia upon long-term outcomes in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether chronic renal insufficiency and anemia are significant independent and combined predictors of poor long-term outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the clinical and outcome data of 3770 PCI patients based on the pre-PCI values of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and hemoglobin (Hb). Depending on their baseline GFR and Hb, the patients were classified into six groups: normal renal function with anemia or not; mild renal impairment with combined anemia or not; severe renal insufficiency with anemia or not. The clinical features and prognosis of patients were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences were found between the groups regarding female gender, age, body mass index, prior history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke, acute coronary syndrome, systolic blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction, total serum cholesterol, LDL-C and angiographic features (P < 0. 01). When evaluated as continuous variables, GFR and Hb were independent predictors of long-term mortality after adjusting for effects of each other (GFR: HR 0.979, 95% CI 0.960-0.999, P = 0.035; Hemoglobin: HR 0.952, 95% CI 0.921-0.984, P = 0.004). Mild renal insufficiency with anemia (HR 4.123, 95% CI 1.637-10.386, P = 0.003), severe renal insufficiency without anemia (HR 5.287, 95% CI 1.627-17.183, P = 0. 006) and severe renal insufficiency with anemia (HR 7.134, 95% CI 2.180-23.342, P = 0.001) having a statistically significant decrease in survival in patients undergoing PCI .
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal insufficiency and anemia are significant independent and combined predictors of long-term mortality in patients undergoing PCI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xin-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Shao-ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Jia-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chang-qi
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Xiao-hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian-zeng
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Chang-sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xue-si
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins