title: Detection of enteric viruses in sewage sludge and treated wastewater effluent.
abstract: Sewage sludge and treated wastewater when contaminated with enteric virus and discharged into the environment, could pose a human health risk. The aim of study was to verify the presence and viability of enteric viruses in sewage sludge and treated wastewater at a local sewage plant in Florianopolis city, Brazil. Sewage sludge was concentrated by organic flocculation and polyethylene glycol precipitation and wastewater by electronegative membrane filtration and ultrafiltration by Centriprep Concentrator. Adenovirus (AdV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), and Rotavirus (RV) were examined for all samples for 12 months and Poliovirus (PV) was also tested for in sewage sludge samples. AdV was the most prevalent in both kind of samples, followed by RV, PV (in sludge) and HAV. Viral viability by cell culture (ICC-PCR) was: AdV: 100%, HAV: 16.7%, PV: 91.7%, RV: 25% in sludge and AdV: 66.6%, HAV: 66.6% and RV: 0% in wastewater. IFA for AdV in sludge ranged from 70 to 300 FFU/ml. QPCR for AdV ranged from 4.6 x 10(4) to 1.2 x 10(6) and from 50 to 1.3 x 10(4) gc/ml in sludge and wastewater, respectively. HAV quantification in sludge ranged from 3.1 x 10(2) to 5.4 x 10(2) gc/ml. In conclusion, it was possible to correlate presence and viability of enteric viruses in the environmental samples analyzed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia Aplicada, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil. cbarardi@ccb.ufsc.br
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Schlindwein
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rigotto
authors.forename: C M O
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: C R M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Barardi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012621:Seasons; D012722:Sewage / Q000821:virology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014780:Viruses / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012722:Sewage