title: Reduced white matter integrity as a neural correlate of social cognition deficits in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathology of schizophrenia is thought to involve multiple gray and white matter regions. A number of studies have revealed impaired social cognition in schizophrenia. Some evidence suggests an association of this social cognition deficit with gray matter reductions in 'social brain' areas. However, no study has yet revealed the association between social cognition abilities and white matter abnormalities in schizophrenia patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six schizophrenia patients and 27 healthy controls underwent the Perception of Affect Task (PAT), which consisted of four subtasks measuring different aspects of emotion attribution. Voxelwise group comparison of white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) was performed using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). The relation between impaired social cognition ability and FA reduction was examined in patients for each subtask, using simple regression analysis within brain areas that showed a significant FA reduction in patients compared with controls. The same correlational analysis was also performed for healthy controls in the whole brain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Schizophrenia patients showed reduced emotion attribution ability compared with controls in all four subtasks. The facial emotion perception subtask showed a significant correlation with FA reductions in the left occipital white matter region and left posterior callosal region. The correlational analyses in healthy controls revealed no significant correlation of FA with any of the PAT subtasks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our voxelwise correlational analysis of white matter provided a potential neural basis for the social cognition impairments in schizophrenia, in support of the disconnection hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawaharacho, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. miyata10@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Namiki
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirao
authors.forename: Teruyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saze
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Ryosaku
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Hidenao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Nobukatsu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawamoto
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D003337:Corpus Callosum / Q000473:pathology; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D018187:Personal Construct Theory; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012938:Social Perception