title: Effect of MTAD on the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of MTAD on the differentiation of osteoblast-like cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cell viability assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxicity of MTAD on MC3T3-E1 and periodontal ligament cells at the various concentrations. The bone sialoprotein (BSP) gene expression was also examined by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTAD exhibited a lower cytotoxicity compared with other intracanal irrigants and medication. The MC3T3-E1 cells treated with H2O2 showed a decrease in the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity by 40% on day 14 compared with the control group at the concentration of 50 microg/mlL. No significant difference in the ALP activity was observed between MTAD and control group. Furthermore, MTAD and Ca(OH)2 paste did not change in BSP gene expression in MC3T3-E1 cells on day 21.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that MTAD is a less cytotoxic irrigant and does not affect differentiation into osteoblasts compared with other intracanal irrigants, such as H2O2, NaOCl, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, and chlorhexidine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Cariology and Endodontology, Department of Oral Rehabilitation, School of Dentistry, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Hokkaido, Japan. yasuda@hoku-iryo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tatematsu
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akamine
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torabinejad
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000633:toxicity*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000633:toxicity*; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000633:toxicity*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; C546871:IBSP protein, human; C546872:Ibsp protein, mouse; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; C475043:MTAD (intracanal irrigant); D011136:Polysorbates; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D019343:Citric Acid; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D004318:Doxycycline