title: Health-related quality of life in Swedish men and women with early rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory joint disorder that may adversely affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL) both in established and early disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In patients with recent onset (<12 months) of RA, this extension of a previous study assessed HRQoL and the effect of disease activity over time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients with recent onset of RA between March 1996 and November 1998 were followed for 6 years at the Department of Rheumatology of the University Hospital of Umeå in Sweden. Patients were requested to complete the 36-item Short Form (SF-36) Health Survey at 0, 24, 48, and 72 months. Gender differences were examined, and correlations between the SF-36 scales (with higher scores indicating better HRQoL) and data reflecting disease activity were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-one patients, 34 women and 17 men (mean age, 50.6 years; range, 20-78 years), participated in the study; in all, 41 patients completed the SF-36 at both 0 and 72 months. At inclusion (0 months), women reported significantly higher scores for physical role functioning, bodily pain, and social functioning compared with men (all, P < 0.05). At 72 months compared with 0 months, women reported significantly better mental health (P < 0.05), whereas men reported significantly better physical role functioning (P < 0.05), bodily pain (P < 0.01), mental health (P < 0.01), and vitality (P < 0.01). Additionally, at 72 months, the entire patient group rated physical role functioning and social functioning (both, P < 0.05), bodily pain and vitality (both, P < 0.01), and mental health (P < 0.001) as significantly better compared with the inclusion assessment. Overall improvement with time was significantly better for men than for women (P < 0.05). There were limited correlations between SF-36 point disease activity parameters and the SF-36 scores at 0 months (erythrocyte sedimentation rate vs physical functioning, mental health [both, P < 0.05], and bodily pain [P < 0.01]; 28-joint Disease Activity Score vs bodily pain [P < 0.05] and emotional role functioning [P < 0.01]) and at 72 months (C-reactive protein vs physical role functioning [P < 0.05]). Most of the physical subscales at inclusion correlated with the physical component summary (PCS) of the SF-36 questionnaire at 6 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At disease onset, women with early RA reported better HRQoL than did their male counterparts. After 6 years, women and especially men both experienced better HRQoL, and no significant gender differences remained in any of the SF-36 scales or values for disease activity parameters. The PCS score at disease onset was the best predictor of the PCS score after 6 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden. elisabet.west@vll.se
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Solveig
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wållberg-Jonsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000523:psychology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013548:Sweden; D055815:Young Adult