title: Lung nodule computer-aided detection as a second reader: influence on radiology residents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the use of a computed tomographic lung nodule computer-aided detection (CAD) software as a second reader for radiology residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study involved 110 cases from 4 sites. Three expert radiologists identified nodules that were 4 to 30 mm in maximum diameter to form the ground truth. These cases were then interpreted by 6 board-certified radiologists and 6 radiology residents. The residents read each case without and then with a CAD software (Lung Nodule Assesment, Extended Brilliance Workspace; Philips Healthcare, Highlands Heights, OH) to identify nodules that were 4 to 30 mm in maximum diameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The experts identified 91 nodules as the ground truth for the study. The mean sensitivity of the 6 board-certified radiologists was 89%. The mean sensitivity of the residents was 85% without the CAD and 90% (P < 0.05) with the CAD as a second reader.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CAD software can help improve the sensitivity of residents in the detection of pulmonary nodules on computed tomography, making them comparable with board-certified radiologists.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. sdteague@iupui.edu
authors.forename: Shawn D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Teague
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trilikis
authors.forename: Ekta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dharaiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D015588:Observer Variation; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D011871:Radiology / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult