title: Proptosis caused by partially thrombosed orbital varix of the superior orbital vein associated with traumatic carotid-cavernous sinus fistula--case report.
abstract: A 49-year-old female presented with proptosis and slight chemosis with diplopia on the right. The patient had a past history of skull base fracture occurring one year before the onset of the symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a partially thrombosed varicose aneurysm (varix) of the superior ophthalmic vein (SOV). Carotid angiography showed a pseudoaneurysm in the right cavernous sinus, associated with slow flow carotid-cavernous sinus fistula via the SOV. Proptosis was due to the direct mass effect of the thrombosed varix of the SOV. The thrombosed varix was removed after right carotid artery trapping with external carotid artery-middle cerebral artery (M(2)) high flow bypass. The symptoms subsided after the surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Izunokuni, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Seisuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iseki
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D002426:Cavernous Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000379:methods; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000150:complications; D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D020205:Skull Fracture, Basilar / Q000150:complications; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D014680:Veins / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*