title: Prevalence and correlates of HIV infection among male injection drug users in detention in Tehran, Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure HIV prevalence and characterize associated risk behaviors among injection drug users (IDU) upon detention in Tehran, Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey included 459 male IDU arrested by police during a police sweep in Tehran in 2006. A questionnaire was completed, and blood was collected for HIV testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall HIV prevalence was 24.4% (95% confidence interval 20.5-28.6). Factors independently associated with HIV infection included history of using an opioid in jail (adjusted odds ratio 2.11, 95% confidence interval 1.26-3.53) and older age (adjusted odds ratio 2.79 for 25-34, 3.01 for 35-44, 4.62 for > or = 45 yr).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports that incarceration is contributing to the increased spread of HIV. Harm reduction programs should be urgently expanded, particularly among incarcerated IDU.
authors.affiliation: Iranian Research Center for HIV/AIDS, Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kheirandish
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Seyedalinaghi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosseini
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jahani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirzad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foroughi
authors.forename: M R Seyed
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ahmadian
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jabbari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohraz
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: McFarland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult