title: Prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia associated with the haem oxygenase-1 gene promoter polymorphism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the genetic factors causing hyperbilirubinaemia in prolonged jaundice of the newborns, we investigated whether the HO-1 gene promoter polymorphism is a cause in unexplained pathological or prolonged jaundice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups were defined: healthy newborns with no clinical jaundice, newborns hospitalized for jaundice without any identifiable pathological cause and newborns with prolonged jaundice associated with breast milk. Genomic DNA was extracted from the white blood cells and the promoter region of the HO-1 gene was amplified using PCR and their allelic repeats were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not detect any significant difference in the allele frequencies between the healthy newborns and the newborns whose serum total bilirubin levels were >12.9 mg/dL. However, the patients with short (<24 GT) dinucleotide repeat in the HO-1 gene promoter on either allele had significantly higher prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia than the healthy newborns. There was no significant difference between the groups 2 and 3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that polymorphism of HO-1 gene promoter region can be an underlying cause of the prolonged unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia associated with breast milk. In this patient population, short repeat alleles of the HO-1 gene promoter polymorphism were associated with prolonged jaundice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: O G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Bozkaya
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumral
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yesilirmak
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulgenalp
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ercal
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Inciralti, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects; D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016678:Genome; D005838:Genotype; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051556:Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal / Q000235:genetics*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D001663:Bilirubin