title: Hernia after pediatric urological laparoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incidence of port site hernia following adult laparoscopy is 0.1% to 3.0%. There are no known published reports concerning hernia incidence or related factors after pediatric urological laparoscopic interventions. We present our experience with port site incisional hernias following pediatric urological laparoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed all pediatric urological laparoscopic procedures performed at Children's Medical Center Dallas from 2000 to 2008. A total of 261 cases were identified with followup available in 218 (83.5%). In 187 cases there were sufficient data to evaluate outcomes for each port site separately, and compare the size, location and fascial closure status to hernia development.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median patient age was 6.1 years (range 0.4 to 18.8). A total of 218 patients had a median followup of 5.7 months (range 0.2 to 83.4). Seven hernias (3.2%) were diagnosed at a median of 1.2 months (range 0.1 to 15.1) postoperatively. Patients with hernia were younger than those without hernia, at 1.1 years (range 0.5 to 3.9) vs 6.2 years (0.4 to 18.8, p = 0.04). We analyzed 571 port sites in 187 cases. In 385 ports (67.4%) the fascia was closed. Hernia developed in 4 of 385 ports (1.0%) that were closed and in 3 of 186 (1.6%) that were not closed. No significant relationship was observed between hernia development and port size or location.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of port site hernia after pediatric urological laparoscopy was 3.2%, similar to the reported incidence in adults. While development of hernia after pediatric urological laparoscopy is rare, it is more likely to occur in infants. Due to the low incidence of this complication, it is difficult to draw conclusions regarding contributing factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-9110, USA. nicholas.cost@sbcglobal.net
authors.forename: Nicholas G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Cost
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Warren T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Snodgrass
authors.forename: Clanton B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Duncan T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*