Is there a 'gut-brain-skin axis'?
Emerging evidence arising from interdisciplinary research supports the occurrence of communication axes between organs, such as the brain-gut or brain-skin axis. The latter is employed in response to stress challenge, along which neurogenic skin inflammation and hair growth inhibition is mediated. We now show that ingestion of a Lactobacillus strain in mice dampens stress-induced neurogenic skin inflammation and the hair growth inhibition. In conclusion, we are introducing a hypothesis, encouraged by our pilot observations and resting upon published prior evidence from the literature, which amalgamates previously proposed partial concepts into a new, unifying model, i.e. the gut-brain-skin axis. This concept suggests that modulation of the microbiome by deployment of probiotics can not only greatly reduce stress-induced neurogenic skin inflammation but even affect a very complex cutaneous phenomenon of (mini-) organ transformation, i.e. hair follicle cycling. These observations raise the intriguing prospect that feeding of just the right kind of bacteria can exert profound beneficial effects on skin homoeostasis, skin inflammation, hair growth and peripheral tissue responses to perceived stress.
Arck
Petra
P
Center of Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany. petra.arck@charite.de
Handjiski
Bori
B
Hagen
Evelin
E
Pincus
Maike
M
Bruenahl
Christian
C
Bienenstock
John
J
Paus
Ralf
R
D052636:Allostasis / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006197:Hair / Q000254:growth & development; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D054892:Metagenome / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008954:Models, Biological; D020078:Neurogenic Inflammation / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology