title: Pharmacokinetic evaluation of pancreatic arterial infusion chemotherapy after unification of the blood supply in an animal model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential pharmacokinetic advantage of pancreatic arterial infusion chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) with temporary unification of the pancreatic blood supply for advanced pancreatic cancer in an animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine pigs were divided into three groups of three pigs each. 5-FU (20 mg/kg) was infused via jugular vein (group I), celiac artery (group II), and celiac artery with balloon occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA; group III). At 0, 10, 30, and 60 minutes after drug infusion, the concentrations of 5-FU were measured in plasma and tissues including the liver, pancreatic head, pancreatic uncinate process, and duodenum. Areas under the concentration-time curve (AUCs) were calculated and statistically compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The temporary unification of the pancreatic blood supply by converting from dual blood supply through the celiac artery and SMA into a single celiac arterial supply was confirmed by dye injection. Mean AUCs in the pancreas head and liver were significantly higher for groups II and III compared with group I (P < .05). In contrast, there were no significant differences in plasma 5-FU concentrations between groups. In addition, the AUC in the pancreatic uncinate process was significantly higher for group III compared with groups I and II (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pancreatic arterial infusion chemotherapy allows efficient regional drug delivery into the pancreas and liver. Importantly, the unification of the pancreatic blood supply may be required to induce maximum efficacy of arterial infusion chemotherapy for the tumor in the pancreatic uncinate process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan. toshihir@bf6.so-net.ne.jp <toshihir@bf6.so-net.ne.jp>
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kiyosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sho
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiofuku
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sueyoshi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Kimihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kichikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001158:Arteries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery*; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010179:Pancreas / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005472:Fluorouracil