title: Normal radiographic values of the forefoot in the Thai women population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diseases of the forefeet are common problems in orthopedics. Evaluation of forefoot radiography has played an important role to determine the forefoot deformity. Previous studies have shown that normal radiographic values of the western population were different from the Asian population values.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the normal range of radiologic values of forefoot in Thai women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data collected at out-patient division of the hospital for screening 100 women (200 feet). All patients have been radiographed in the AP standing position (to measure the HVA, 1st IMA, DMAA, sesamoid AP and 1st metatarsal length) and weight bearing tangential view to determine the SRA angle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average results of the right and the left foot HVA = 10.75 degrees, 9.39 degrees/1st IMA = 10.24 degrees, 9.20 degrees/DMAA = 3.72 degrees, 3.32 degrees/sesamoid AP grade 0-1 = 85 percent, 82 percent/ SRA = 9.14 degrees, 8 degrees respectively, 1st metatarsal length was shorter than the 2nd metatarsal length in most cases (70%) and when comparing between the right and the left foot, no statistical significant difference were found (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study found that the values of HVA, DMAA and the 1st metatarsal length in Thai women were less than the values found in the foreign literatures but it was similar to the Asian population figures.
authors.affiliation: Arthroscopic and Sports Medicine Unit, Institute of Orthopaedics, Lerdsin Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. lerdsin@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Suriyapong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saowaprut
authors.forename: Anuchart
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lalitwongchai
authors.forename: Sasipong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohitopakarn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005529:Foot Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005545:Forefoot, Human / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012016:Reference Values; D013785:Thailand; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult