title: Cytocompatibility testing of cell culture modules fabricated from specific candidate biomaterials using injection molding.
abstract: Most polymers used in clinical applications today are materials that have been developed originally for application areas other than biomedicine. Testing the cell- and tissue-compatibility of novel materials in vitro and in vivo is of key importance for the approval of medical devices and is regulated according to the Council Directive 93/42/EEC of the European communities concerning medical devices. In the standardized testing methods the testing sample is placed in commercially available cell culture plates, which are often made from polystyrene. Thus not only the testing sample itself influences cell behavior but also the culture vessel material. In order to exclude this influence, a new system for cell testing will be presented allowing a more precise and systematic investigation by preparing tailored inserts which are made of the testing material. Inserts prepared from polystyrene, polycarbonate and poly(ether imide) were tested for their cytotoxity and cell adherence. Furthermore a proof of principle concerning the preparation of inserts with a membrane-like surface structure and its surface modification was established. Physicochemical investigations revealed a similar morphology and showed to be very similar to the findings to analogous preparations and modifications of flat-sheet membranes.
authors.affiliation: Center for Biomaterial Development, Institute for Polymer Research, GKSS Research Center Geesthacht GmbH, Kantstr. 55, 14513 Teltow, Germany.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hiebl
authors.forename: Karola
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lützow
authors.forename: Maik
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Weigel
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kratz
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lendlein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008420:Manufactured Materials / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011076:Polycarboxylate Cement; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; C433673:polyetherimide; C005506:polycarbonate; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase