title: Failure of a glass ionomer to remineralize apatite-depleted dentin.
abstract: Remineralization of demineralized dentin lesions adjacent to glass-ionomer cements (GICs) has been reported in the literature. This study tested the hypothesis that a strontium-based GIC can remineralize completely demineralized dentin by nucleation of new apatite crystallites within an apatite-free dentin matrix. Human dentin specimens were acid-etched, bonded with Fuji IX(GP), and immersed in a calcium-and-phosphate-containing 1.5X simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1-4 months. Polyacrylic acid and polyvinylphosphonic acid biomimetic analogs were added to the SBFs to create 2 additional remineralization media. Specimens were processed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). No apatite deposition could be identified in the completely demineralized dentin in any of the specimens immersed in the 3 remineralization media, despite TEM/EDX evidence of diffusion of ions specific to the strontium-based GIC into the demineralized dentin. The hypothesis was rejected; mineral concentration alone is not a sufficient endpoint for assessing the success of contemporary remineralization strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: C K Y
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yiu
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000628:therapy*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; C439808:Fuji IX GP Fast; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements