title: Changes in nutritional value and cytotoxicity of garden cress germinated with different selenium solutions.
abstract: The selenium supply in almost all European countries is below the recommended daily intake, and different strategies are followed to fortify foods. In the present work, the influence of germination of garden cress ( Lepidium sativum cv. Ogrodowa) in different selenium solutions (Na(2)SeO(3) and Na(2)SeO(4)) on Se uptake, total antioxidant capacity, glucosinolates, protein, and amino acids was studied. Cytotoxicity in HL-60 human leukemic cell line was also assessed. The addition of selenite (Na(2)SeO(3)) or selenate (Na(2)SeO(4)) led to a significant increment in Se uptake in garden cress sprouts, and the highest Se content was observed at 8 mg/L in both inorganic Se solutions (36-38 microg/g of dm). The Se-enriched sprouts presented a large total antioxidant capacity (142-157 mumol of Trolox/g of dm), total glucosinolate content (99-124 microg/g of dm), protein (36-37% dm), and total essential amino acid content (40-41 g/100 g of protein), and no cytotoxicity on HL-60 human leukemic cells was observed. Garden cress sprouts obtained with selenite solution at 8 mg/L presented the best nutritional qualities and might provide a substantial proportion of Se in European diets. Bearing in mind the high nutritional value of sprouts, these may serve for the production of functional foods.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fermentaciones Industriales (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Frias
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gulewicz
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinez-Villaluenga
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peñas
authors.forename: Mariusz K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Piskula
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kozlowska
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ciska
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulewicz
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vidal-Valverde
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology; D004032:Diet; D018525:Germination; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D031220:Lepidium sativum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012643:Selenium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000601:Amino Acids, Essential; D002839:Chromans; D005961:Glucosinolates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012643:Selenium; D018038:Sodium Selenite; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid