title: Second surgery for recurrence of malignant pleural mesothelioma after extrapleural pneumonectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extrapleural pneumonectomy is a treatment option for malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM), but disease recurrence is common. Among different therapeutic options for recurrence, we have found no reports for second surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively evaluated the types and outcomes of surgical management of solid recurrences of MPM, in a series of 74 patients treated with extrapleural pneumonectomy over a 20-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 57 patients for whom follow-up data were available, 11 patients experienced recurrent disease in the form of a solid mass, 1.5 to 12 years after the initial treatment; 8 of these patients had sufficiently good clinical conditions to undergo a second surgery with curative intent. Chest wall resection was performed in 4 cases of parietal recurrence, radical retroperitoneal resection was done in 3 cases of retroperitoneal relapse, and segmental resection of the remaining lung was done in one case of pulmonary metastasis. In this latter case, although computed tomographic images showed a solid mass, at surgery the disease was found to have a serosal nature, precluding the possibility of a curative surgery. Median survival after the second surgery was 14.5 months (range, 6 to 29); no association between survival and site of recurrence, age or disease-free interval was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this series, the second surgery did not offer the expected survival benefit of curative treatment strategies and should therefore be considered palliative. Second surgery may be a treatment option in a subset of patients who experience a solid recurrence of MPM that is symptomatic or near vital organs and who cannot undergo additional radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Critical Care, University of Florence, Florence. leonardo.politi@unifi.it
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Politi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borzellino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome