Reconstruction and exploration of virtual middle-ear models derived from micro-CT datasets.
BACKGROUND
Middle-ear anatomy is integrally linked to both its normal function and its response to disease processes. Micro-CT imaging provides an opportunity to capture high-resolution anatomical data in a relatively quick and non-destructive manner. However, to optimally extract functionally relevant details, an intuitive means of reconstructing and interacting with these data is needed.


METHODS
A micro-CT scanner was used to obtain high-resolution scans of freshly explanted human temporal bones. An advanced volume renderer was adapted to enable real-time reconstruction, display, and manipulation of these volumetric datasets. A custom-designed user interface provided for semi-automated threshold segmentation. A 6-degrees-of-freedom navigation device was designed and fabricated to enable exploration of the 3D space in a manner intuitive to those comfortable with the use of a surgical microscope. Standard haptic devices were also incorporated to assist in navigation and exploration.


RESULTS
Our visualization workstation could be adapted to allow for the effective exploration of middle-ear micro-CT datasets. Functionally significant anatomical details could be recognized and objective data could be extracted.


CONCLUSIONS
We have developed an intuitive, rapid, and effective means of exploring otological micro-CT datasets. This system may provide a foundation for additional work based on middle-ear anatomical data.
Lee
Dong H
DH
Department of Otolaryngology-HNS, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. dhoonlee.biz+elsevier@gmail.com
Chan
Sonny
S
Salisbury
Curt
C
Kim
Namkeun
N
Salisbury
Kenneth
K
Puria
Sunil
S
Blevins
Nikolas H
NH
D002102:Cadaver; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D012984:Software; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography