title: Neospora caninum: application of apical membrane antigen 1 encapsulated in the oligomannose-coated liposomes for reduction of offspring mortality from infection in BALB/c mice.
abstract: Liposomes coated with neoglycolipids constructed with mannopentaose and dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolamine (M3-DPPE), referred to as M3-DPPE liposomes, have been shown to induce cellular immunity against antigens encapsulated therein. To evaluate whether these M3-DPPE liposomes have an adjuvant capacity against Neospora caninum infection, a novel immunization method utilizing soluble N. caninum apical membrane antigen 1 (NcAMA1) encapsulated in the M3-DPPE liposomes (M3-NcAMA1) was employed. The results revealed that a significant amount of interferon (IFN)-gamma production was detected in culture supernatants of NcAMA1 protein- or N. caninum lysate-stimulated spleen cells obtained from the mice one week after the third immunization with M3-NcAMA1. The parasite burden in the dams' brain tissue was decreased and the survival rate of offspring increased significantly in M3-NcAMA1-immunized mice. Thus, a parasite-specific Th1 immune response was successfully induced in the pregnant mice immunized with M3-NcAMA1, and an effective reduction of offspring mortality from N. caninum infection was triggered.
authors.affiliation: National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Houshuang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Jinlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yuzuru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikehara
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Naoaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Xuenan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D001921:Brain / Q000469:parasitology; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008297:Male; D008358:Mannose; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018688:Neospora / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D008081:Liposomes; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D008358:Mannose