title: Radiographic and pathologic evaluation of idiopathic infantile arterial calcification.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification is a rare disorder that often results in fetal or neonatal demise. Few reports have detailed an early diagnosis, complete antenatal and postnatal imaging, and postmortem findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient presented at 33 weeks of gestation with hydrops fetalis. Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification was diagnosed using a fetal echocardiogram, and fetal demise occurred shortly thereafter. A complete postmortem evaluation included radiography and pathology. The patient's postpartum course was complicated by maternal respiratory distress and pulmonary edema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Finding calcified vessels in the context of fetal hydrops should lead one to consider idiopathic infantile arterial calcification. This diagnosis has important maternal and fetal implications. The detailed evaluation in this case is useful to clinicians in making a definitive diagnosis of idiopathic infantile arterial calcification. Clinicians should be aware that serious maternal complications can occur in these types of cases.
authors.affiliation: From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pediatrics, Radiology, and Pathology, the University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah.
authors.forename: Cara C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Heuser
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puchalski
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sangle
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manuck
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed