title: Stop-and-go, stepwise and "ligand-free" nucleation, nanocrystal growth and formation of Au-NPs in ionic liquids (ILs).
abstract: Ionic liquids function as a nanosynthetic template for a "ligand-free" stepwise formation of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) which can be stopped and resumed at different color steps and Au-NP sizes (between 2.6 and 200 nm median diameter) and which can be reasoned by the DFT-calculation stabilization order: H(2)O (no Au-NP stabilization) < IL anion, e.g. BF(4)(-) approximately = PH(3) < citrate <Cl(-) (which inhibits Au-NP growth).
authors.affiliation: Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Engelbert
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Redel
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomann
authors.forename: Laith
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krüger
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Janiak
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000737:chemistry*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D052578:Ionic Liquids; D006046:Gold