title: Anxiety and depression in Brazilian orthopaedics inpatients: a cross sectional study with a clinical sample comparison.
abstract: There are few studies on the development of anxiety and depression in orthopaedics and trauma (O&T) inpatients. We designed a cross-sectional study aimed at comparing the prevalence of depression and anxiety in 100 O&T inpatients and 100 clinical inpatients in the same hospital. O&T patients were divided into subgroups: trauma and non-trauma (arthroplasty, tumour, and infection sub grouping). We measured anxiety and depression by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and co-morbidities by the Charlson age-adjusted comorbidity index (CCI). For the trauma subgroup, AO/OTA fracture classification and Gustillo and Anderson grade of open fractures classification was applied. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 35% and 28%, respectively for the clinical sample, and 44% and 33% for the O&T sample. Compared with the clinical sample, anxiety scores were higher in the O&T sample (p = .047), and in arthroplasty (p = .020) and trauma subgroups (p = .031). In the O&T sample, high CCI scores were associated with high anxiety scores (p = .033).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Federal University of São Paulo, Escola Paulista de Medicina, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. vym70@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Vinícius Ynoe
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: de Moraes
authors.forename: Miguel Roberto
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Faloppa
authors.forename: João Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Belloti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009985:Orthopedics / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult