title: Effect of a tobacco cessation continuing professional education program on pharmacists' confidence, skills, and practice-change behaviors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of a tobacco cessation training program on pharmacists' confidence, skills, and practice-change behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quasi-experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wisconsin during 2002-2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  25 community pharmacists.
  
  
  METHODS
  A continuing education training program was developed and implemented using home and live training components consisting of the national tobacco cessation guidelines, including the 5A's counseling process. The home study component included lectures and readings in CD-ROM format. Consistent with self-efficacy theory, the live training was based on exercises that included modeling, rehearsal, and feedback to learners.
  
  
  METHODS
  Knowledge assessment, pre- and post-surveys assessing confidence and skill levels, and service provision indicators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Self-efficacy and perceived ability to counsel patients to quit using tobacco improved significantly after the combined program. No significant change in confidence or perceived skills occurred following home study alone, suggesting value in using a combination of teaching strategies (problem solving, modeling, rehearsal, and feedback). Of participants, 92% received a passing knowledge score and 75% attempted to implement a tobacco cessation service posttraining; more than 50% assisted patients up to 1 year post-training. A relationship between self-efficacy and service provision was found when practice settings were considered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This program increased pharmacists' knowledge and self-efficacy to counsel patients on tobacco use. Further, the majority of pharmacy participants attempted to implement a tobacco cessation service.
authors.affiliation: Sonderegger Research Center, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 777 Highland Ave., Madison, WI 53705-2222, USA. bamartin@pharmacy.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Ruth H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Bruskiewitz
authors.forename: Betty A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Chewning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services; D003376:Counseling; D004513:Education, Pharmacy, Continuing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D020377:Self Efficacy; D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation; D014922:Wisconsin; D055815:Young Adult