Declining HCV seroprevalence in pregnant women with HIV.
We assessed recent trends in hepatitis C virus (HCV) prevalence in pregnant women with HIV using data from a large national study. Based on 1240 pregnancies, we observed a 3.4-fold decline in HCV seroprevalence in pregnant women with HIV between 2001 (29.3%) and 2008 (8.6%). This decline was the net result of two components: a progressively declining HCV seroprevalence in non-African women (from 35.7% in 2001 to 16.7% in 2008), sustained by a parallel reduction in history of injecting drug use (IDU) in this population, and a significantly growing presence (from 21.2% in 2001 to 48.6% in 2008) of women of African origin, at very low risk of being HCV-infected [average HCV prevalence 1%, adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for HCV 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.29]. Previous IDU was the stronger determinant of HCV co-infection in pregnant women with HIV (aOR 30.9, 95% CI 18.8-51.1). The observed trend is expected to translate into a reduced number of cases of vertical HCV transmission.
Floridia
M
M
Department of Therapeutic Research and Medicines Evaluation, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. floridia@iss.it
Tamburrini
E
E
Anzidei
G
G
Tibaldi
C
C
Muggiasca
M L
ML
Guaraldi
G
G
Fiscon
M
M
Vimercati
A
A
Martinelli
P
P
Donisi
A
A
Dalzero
S
S
Ravizza
M
M
D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies