title: Invited commentary.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Oncologic Surgery, City of Hope National Medical Center, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010, USA. fgrannis@coh.org
authors.forename: Frederic W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Grannis
mesh_terms: D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011292:Premedication; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013908:Thoracotomy
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen; D005283:Fentanyl; D002045:Bupivacaine