title: Toward clarification of the doctor of nursing practice degree.
abstract: The doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degree has been recommended by the American Association of College of Nursing (AACN) as the terminal degree in nursing practice by 2015 (AACN, 2004). However, confusion regarding this degree still exists. To promote understanding of this degree, the pertinent history of doctoral education in nursing is reviewed. In addition, a clear definition of the degree, including the competencies of the DNP degree, is provided. A comparison of the PhD in nursing and the DNP degree is also reviewed to provide further clarification. DNP graduates may engage in various roles such as leadership, health policy advocate, and scholarship. These roles will be reviewed as well as the relevant issues associated with this degree such as use of the title "Dr.," educating others about the degree, faculty shortages, and program enrollment. Finally, the implications for emergency nursing regarding the DNP degree are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA. lisachism@comcast.net
authors.forename: Lisa Astalos
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Chism
mesh_terms: D057179:Advanced Practice Nursing / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016529:Emergency Nursing / Q000193:education; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000193:education; D024802:Nurse's Role; D048108:Nursing Informatics / Q000193:education; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D016134:Organizational Policy; D012956:Societies, Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration; D014481:United States