title: Spontaneous bladder perforation: a rare complication of tuberculosis.
abstract: Spontaneous bladder perforation secondary to tuberculosis (TB) is very rare. Only three cases have been reported so far in the literature. Due to its rarity, the diagnosis of spontaneous bladder perforation is often missed. Confirmation of TB via culture takes a long time and starting empirical treatment for TB is necessary. We relate our experience with a young woman who presented with clinical features of a perforated appendix and was only diagnosed with bladder perforation during laparotomy. She also had distal right ureteral stricture and left infundibular stenosis. The provisional diagnosis of TB was attained via typical histopathological features and a positive Mantoux test. She was started empirically on anti-TB treatment and recovered without any complications. Urine culture after 6 weeks confirmed the diagnosis of TB.
authors.affiliation: Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Christopher Ho Chee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Siti Aishah Md
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singam
authors.forename: Goh Eng
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Lee Boon
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Cheok
authors.forename: Zulkifli Md
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Zainuddin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D014401:Tuberculosis, Urogenital / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents