title: Mutations in the interferon sensitivity determining region and virological response to combination therapy with pegylated-interferon alpha 2b plus ribavirin in patients with chronic hepatitis C-1b infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pegylated-interferon-alpha 2b (PEG-IFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) therapy is currently the de-facto standard treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. The aims of this study were to analyze the clinical and virological factors associated with a higher rate of response in patients with HCV genotype 1b infection treated with combination therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed, retrospectively, 239 patients with chronic hepatitis C-1b infection who received 48 weeks of combination therapy. We assessed clinical and laboratory parameters, including age, gender, pretreatment hemoglobin, platelet counts, HCV RNA titer, liver histology, the number of interferon sensitivity determining region (ISDR) mutations and substitutions of the core amino acids 70 and 91. Drug adherence was monitored in each patient. We carried out univariate and multivariate statistical analyses of these parameters and clinical responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, 98 of the 239 patients (41%) had sustained virological responses (SVRs). Patients with more than two mutations in the ISDR had significantly higher SVR rates (P<0.01). Univariate analyses showed that stage of fibrosis, hemoglobin, platelet counts, ISDR mutations, serum HCV RNA level, and adherence to PEG-IFN plus RBV were significantly correlated with SVR rates. Multivariate analysis in subjects with good drug adherence extracted the number of ISDR mutations (two or more: odds ratio [OR] 5.181).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of mutations in the ISDR sequence of HCV-1b (>or=2) is the most effective parameter predicting a favorable clinical outcome of 48-week PEG-IFN plus RBV therapy in patients with HCV genotype 1b infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
authors.forename: Mina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueyama
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mogushi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagaie
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itsui
authors.forename: Seishin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Sei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakinuma
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009154:Mutation; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b