title: ASCL1 regulates the expression of the CHRNA5/A3/B4 lung cancer susceptibility locus.
abstract: Tobacco contains a variety of carcinogens as well as the addictive compound nicotine. Nicotine addiction begins with the binding of nicotine to its cognate receptor, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). Genome-wide association studies have implicated the nAChR gene cluster, CHRNA5/A3/B4, in nicotine addiction and lung cancer susceptibility. To further delineate the role of this gene cluster in lung cancer, we examined the expression levels of these three genes as well as other members of the nAChR gene family in lung cancer cell lines and patient samples using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Overexpression of the clustered nAChR genes was observed in small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC), an aggressive form of lung cancer highly associated with cigarette smoking. The overexpression of the genomically clustered genes in SCLC suggests their coordinate regulation. In silico analysis of the promoter regions of these genes revealed putative binding sites in all three promoters for achaete-scute complex homolog 1 (ASCL1), a transcription factor implicated in the pathogenesis of SCLC, raising the possibility that this factor may regulate the expression of the clustered nAChR genes. Consistent with this idea, knockdown of ASCL1 in SCLC, but not in non-SCLC, led to a significant decrease in expression of the alpha 3 and beta 4 genes without having an effect on any other highly expressed nAChR gene. Our data indicate a specific role for ASCL1 in regulating the expression of the CHRNA5/A3/B4 lung cancer susceptibility locus. This regulation may contribute to the predicted role that ASCL1 plays in SCLC tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Brudnick Neuropsychiatric Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01604, USA.
authors.forename: Ma Reina D
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Improgo
authors.forename: Nicolette A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Schlichting
authors.forename: Roxana Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: Rubing
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao-Shea
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tapper
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gardner
mesh_terms: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009538:Nicotine; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C065500:ASCL1 protein, human; C447158:CHRNA5 protein, human; C447159:CHRNB4 protein, human