title: Risk factors for short- and long-term morbidity in children with esophageal atresia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe short- (first year of age) and long-term (after 1 year of age) outcome in patients with esophageal atresia and identify early predictive factors of morbidity in the first month of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Charts of children with esophageal atresia born January 1990 to May 2005 were reviewed. A complicated evolution was defined as the occurrence of at least 1 complication: severe gastroesophageal reflux, esophageal stricture requiring dilatations, recurrent fistula needing surgery, need for gavage feeding for >or=3 months, severe tracheomalacia, chronic respiratory disease, and death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 134 patients were included. Forty-nine percent of patients had a complicated evolution before 1 year of age, and 54% had a complicated evolution after 1 year. With bivariate analysis, predictive variables of a complicated evolution were demonstrated, including twin birth, preoperative tracheal intubation, birth weight <2500 g, long gap atresia, anastomotic leak, postoperative tracheal intubation >or=5 days, and inability to be fed orally by the end of the first month. After 1 year of age, the complicated evolution was only associated with long gap atresia and inability to be fed orally in the first month. A hospital stay >or=30 days was associated with a risk of a complicated evolution at 1 year and after 1 year of age (odds ratio, 9.3 [95% CI, 4.1-20.8] and 3.5 [95% CI, 1.6-7.6], respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early factors are predictive of morbidity in children with esophageal atresia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castilloux
authors.forename: Angela J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Noble
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Faure
mesh_terms: D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D010787:Photosensitivity Disorders; D012008:Recurrence; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D055090:Tracheomalacia / Q000209:etiology