title: Association of apolipoprotein B with incident type 2 diabetes in an aboriginal Canadian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expanding evidence indicates that apolipoprotein B (apo B) is superior to LDL cholesterol as a marker of vascular disease. Although traditional lipid measures are known to predict type 2 diabetes, limited data are available regarding apo B. We assessed the association of apo B with incident type 2 diabetes and compared it with traditional lipid variables as a risk predictor in aboriginal Canadians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of an initial cohort of 606 individuals without diabetes in 1993-1995, 540 were contacted for the 10-year follow-up evaluation in 2003-2005. Fasting and 2-h postload glucose concentrations were obtained at baseline and follow-up to determine incident type 2 diabetes. Baseline fasting serum lipids were measured with standard laboratory procedures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cumulative 10-year incidence of type 2 diabetes was 17.5%. High concentrations of apo B, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol, and low concentrations of HDL cholesterol were individually associated with incident type 2 diabetes in univariate analyses. Comparing C statistics of univariate models showed apo B to be a superior determinant of incident diabetes compared with LDL (P = 0.026) or HDL (P = 0.004) cholesterol. With multivariate adjustment including waist circumference, apo B (odds ratio, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.11-2.02) and triglycerides (odds ratio, 1.49; 95% CI, 1.12-1.98) remained associated with incident diabetes, whereas LDL and HDL cholesterol became nonsignificant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of plasma apo B with incident type 2 diabetes and its better prediction of risk compared with LDL or HDL cholesterol suggest the potential for the use of apo B in type 2 diabetes risk communication and prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sylvia H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ley
authors.forename: Stewart B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Philip W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Connelly
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mamakeesick
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gittelsohn
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wolever
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hegele
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zinman
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hanley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044467:American Indian or Alaska Native; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL