title: Nosocomial outbreak of serious canine infectious tracheobronchitis (kennel cough) caused by canine herpesvirus infection.
abstract: Canine herpesvirus (CHV; Canid herpesvirus 1) is principally a perinatal pathogen of pregnant bitches and newborn pups and secondarily a respiratory tract pathogen of older pups and dogs. Infectious disease of the canine respiratory tract frequently occurs among dogs in groups, in which it is called " infectious tracheobronchitis" (ITB). Mortality from ITB is generally negligible, and the clinical importance of CHV as an ITB pathogen is considered to be low. The present report describes a novel ITB outbreak accompanied by death among aged dogs in an animal medical center. Most inpatient dogs had received medications that could induce immunosuppression. CHV was the only pathogen identified, and several CHV isolates were recovered in cell culture. No other viral pathogens or significant bacterial pathogens were found. Molecular and serological analyses revealed that the causative CHV isolates were from a single source but that none was a peculiar strain when the strains were compared with previous CHV strains. The virus had presumably spread among the dogs predisposed to infection in the center. The present results serve as a warning to canine clinics that, under the specific set of circumstances described, such serious CHV outbreaks may be expected wherever canine ITB occurs.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Technology Development Center, Kyoritsu Seiyaku Corporation, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-1252,Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Yukinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tohya
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D004285:Dogs; D005838:Genotype; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D002184:Herpesvirus 1, Canid / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral