title: A novel thermo-expandable ureteral metal stent for the minimally invasive management of ureteral strictures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assess the safety, efficacy, and cost of the novel long-term indwelling thermo-expandable Memokath ureteral stent for the management of malignant and benign ureteral strictures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since October 2004, we treated 73 patients (34 men), ages 23 to 84 years (mean 57.7) with 86 ureteral strictures (13 bilateral) with the Memokath 051 stent. The causes of the strictures were benign in 55 cases and malignant in 31 cases. Follow-up included radiography, renal ultrasonography, and renography if needed after 2 weeks, 3 months, and then every 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean operative time was 23 minutes, while the mean hospital stay was 1.5 days. The average indwelling time of an individual Memokath was 11.2 months. After a mean follow-up period of 17.1 months, there were 68 stents in situ. In 12 cases, spontaneous resolution of the ureteral stricture was revealed after a mean indwelling time of 9 months. The remainding six cases were treatment failures. In 15 cases, because of late complications, a Memokath exchange took place after a mean period of 18 months. A total of 26 complications were revealed after the insertion of 102 Memokath stents. These included six cases of urinary tract infections; 15 stent manipulations were needed because of stent dislodgement, and 5 stents were removed because of encrustration and blockage. In the long term, the overall costs for the Memokath treatment and follow-up were considerably less than with the conventional Double-J stent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ureteral Memokath stent is a promising, safe, and efficient treatment option for the minimally invasive management of both benign and malignant ureteral strictures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Endourology and Stone Services, Barts and The London National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom. agpapatsoris@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Athanasios G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Papatsoris
authors.forename: Noor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buchholz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011859:Radiography; D015607:Stents; D013696:Temperature; D014513:Ureter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008670:Metals