title: Integrin alpha5beta1 is necessary for regulation of radial migration of cortical neurons during mouse brain development.
abstract: During cerebral cortex development, post-mitotic neurons interact with radial glial fibers and the extracellular environment to migrate away from the ventricular region and form a correct laminar structure. Integrin receptors are major mediators of cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix interactions. Several integrin heterodimers are present during formation of the cortical layers. The alpha5beta1 receptor is expressed in the neural progenitors of the ventricular zone during cerebral cortex formation. Using in utero electroporation to introduce short hairpin RNAs in the brain at embryonic day 15.5, we were able to inhibit acutely the expression of alpha5 integrin in the developing cortex. The knockdown of alpha5 integrin expression level in neural precursors resulted in an inhibition of radial migration, without perturbing the glial scaffold. Moreover, the same inhibitory effect on neuronal migration was observed after electroporation of a Cre recombinase expression plasmid into the neural progenitors of conditional knockout mice for alpha5 integrin. In both types of experiments, the electroporated cells expressing reduced levels of alpha5 integrin accumulated in the premigratory region with an abnormal morphology. At postnatal day 2, ectopic neurons were observed in cortical layer V, while a deficit of neurons was observed in cortical layer II-IV. We show that these neurons do not express a layer V-specific marker, suggesting that they have not undergone premature differentiation. Overall, these results indicate that alpha5beta1 integrin functions in the regulation of neural morphology and migration during cortical development, playing a role in cortical lamination.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Department of Cell Biology and Development, CNRS UMR7104, Inserm U964, Université de Strasbourg, 67404 Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Escuin
authors.forename: Arjan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Flier
authors.forename: Adèle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Arcangelis
authors.forename: Richard O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Hynes
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Georges-Labouesse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins