title: Single-dose versus single-day antibiotic prophylaxis for orthognathic surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prophylactic value of single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis on postoperative infection in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery, compared to single-day antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty patients were included in the study; 57 males and 93 females were divided into 2 groups with 75 in each group. Group 1 received a single dose of antibiotic prophylaxis and group 2 received a single day of antibiotic prophylaxis. These patients were assessed for rates of infection postoperatively after orthognathic surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients (9.3%) in group 1 developed infection, whereas 2 patients (2.6%) in group 2 developed infection. The difference in rates of infection in both groups was of interest but not statistically significant (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from the present study show that there is a clinically significant difference, but no statistically significant difference, between single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis and single-day antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing the rates of infection in orthognathic procedures. We recommend further studies with a larger sample size to determine whether there truly is no statistical difference between both groups.
authors.affiliation: Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, India. anilomfs@gmail.com
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Danda
authors.forename: Abdul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wahab
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Avinash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siddareddi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D055870:Drug Chronotherapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000667:Ampicillin