Rosmarinus officinalis L.: chemical modifications of the essential oil and evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.
Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil was separated into its hydrocarbon and oxygenated fractions. The major compounds in the hydrocarbon fraction were alpha-pinene (44.2%), camphene (24.5%), and limonene (11.7%), while in the oxygenated fraction they were 1,8-cineole (37.6%), camphor (16.5%), and bornyl acetate (21.4%). The hydrocarbon fraction was submitted to a hydroformylation process and the antioxidant activity of the product was screened by the DPPH and beta-carotene/linoleic acid tests. The hydroformylated fraction maintained the antioxidant activity of the whole oil. The MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) and the MBC (minimal bactericidal concentration) of the essential oil, hydrocarbon, oxygenated and hydroformylated fractions were also tested on several microorganisms. Aeromonas sobria and Candida strains were the most susceptible micro-organisms. The hydroformylated fraction exhibited a MBC against Candida strains resistant to the other fractions.
Pintore
Giorgio
G
Dipartimento Farmaco Chimico Tossicologico, Università di Sassari, Via Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy. pintore@uniss.it
Marchetti
Mauro
M
Chessa
Mario
M
Sechi
Barbara
B
Scanu
Nadia
N
Mangano
Giuseppe
G
Tirillini
Bruno
B
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D016877:Oxidants; D010851:Picrates; D019207:beta Carotene; D019787:Linoleic Acid; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl