title: Enzymatic synthesis of fatty amides from palm olein.
abstract: Fatty amides have been successfully synthesized from palm olein and urea by a one-step lipase catalyzed reaction. The use of immobilized lipase as the catalyst for the preparation reaction provides an easy isolation of the enzyme from the products and other components in the reaction mixture. The fatty amides were characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)H NMR) technique and elemental analysis. The highest conversion percentage (96%) was obtained when the process was carried out for 36 hours using urea to palm oil ratio of 5.2: 1.0 at 40 degrees C. The method employed offers several advantages such as renewable and abundant of the raw material, simple reaction procedure, environmentally friendly process and high yield of the product.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Emad A Jaffar
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Al-Mulla
authors.forename: Wan Md Zin Wan
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Yunus
authors.forename: Nor Azowa Bt
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Mohd Zaki A
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Rahman
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil