title: The development of civilian emergency medical care during an insurgency: current status and future outlook in Iraq.
abstract: We review the development of civilian out-of-hospital and hospital-based emergency medical care in Iraq, focusing on the non-Kurdish regions. Emergency medicine in the country has made encouraging steps during the last several years, including the establishment of national emergency medicine policy, the training of out-of-hospital caregivers, the education of physicians currently working in Iraqi emergency departments, and the development of emergency medicine residency programs, among others. The utilization of a national Emergency Medicine Working Group has been a key resource in the development of emergency medicine in the country, a strategy we recommend to others aiding low- and middle-income nations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ross@rossdonaldson.com
authors.forename: Ross I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasson
authors.forename: Sharaf
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Waleed
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D004501:Education, Medical; D004631:Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems / Q000458:organization & administration; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000639:trends; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D005544:Forecasting; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007493:Iraq; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration; D011057:Politics; D000078329:Workforce