title: Morphology of the distal radioulnar joint: cadaveric study with MRI and MR arthrography with the forearm in neutral position, pronation, and supination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiologic extent and thickness of the cartilage and bare areas of the distal radioulnar joint with gross anatomic examination, MRI, and MR arthrography with the forearm in neutral position, maximal pronation, and maximal supination.
  
  
  METHODS
  MRI and MR arthrography were performed on 10 cadaveric specimens (mean age at death, 82.9 years; range, 56-97 years) with the forearm in neutral position, maximal pronation, and maximal supination. Cartilage surface and thickness were assessed, and degenerative changes and bare areas were evaluated in consensus by two musculoskeletal radiologists. Gross anatomic and histologic examinations were used as the reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MRI in maximal pronation and supination was helpful in evaluation of the ulnar cartilage. In the axial plane, any change in cartilage thickness in the ulnar head was related to chondral degeneration. In the coronal plane, cartilage thickness proved to be an unreliable sign in the assessment of chondral degeneration. The presence of osteophytes in the proximal aspect of the joint was easily detected and proved to be a reliable criterion for joint degeneration. Bare areas were found at the proximal and volar attachments of the joint capsule.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detailed knowledge of the anatomy of the distal radioulnar joint should allow more accurate assessment of degenerative changes and localization of erosions in inflammatory joint disease. Imaging with the forearm in maximal pronation and supination can improve visualization of the cartilage of the ulnar head.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Florian M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: Marcelo A C
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nico
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gheno
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haghighi
authors.forename: Debra J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Trudell
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Resnick
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002102:Cadaver; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011403:Pronation / Q000502:physiology; D013484:Supination / Q000502:physiology; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA