title: Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin treated human cord blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells polarize naïve T cells into a tolerogenic phenotype in newborns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As one of the first infectious challenges of life, the impact of neonatal Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccination on the polarization of neonatal T helper subset has not been well defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the effect of BCG-treated cord blood (CB) dendritic cells (DCs) on naïve CD4+ T cells polarization compared with that of adult blood DCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BCG-treated CB DCs had significantly lower expression of CD83 and a higher ratio of CD47/Fas than BCG-treated adult blood DCs. BCG induced significantly lower IL-12 but relatively higher IL-10 production from CB DCs than adult blood DCs. Moreover, in comparison with BCG-treated adult blood DCs, BCG-treated CB DCs induced higher IL-10 production and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) expression, and lower interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production from naïve CD4+ T cells. On the other hand, lipopolysaccharide-treated CB DCs had similar capacity as prime naïve CD4+ T cells did to produce higher IFN-gamma, lower IL-10 production, and CTLA-4 expression compared with their adult counterparts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that BCG-treated CB DCs might be semi-mature DCs which polarize naïve T cells into a tolerogenic T cell phenotype in newborns.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing, 400014, China.
authors.forename: En-Mei
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Helen K W
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Yu Lung
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins; D007371:Interferon-gamma