Platelet count and prothrombin time help distinguish thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome from disseminated intravascular coagulation in adults.
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura-hemolytic uremic syndrome (TTP-HUS) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) may have identical manifestations in adults. Because TTP-HUS is 90% fatal without plasma exchange, prompt diagnosis is essential. To test the hypothesis that routine laboratory assays can discriminate between the 2 entities, we retrospectively identified adult patients with TTP-HUS and matched each with 2 patients with DIC. Although the platelet count, prothrombin time (PT), and partial thromboplastin time were different (P < .05) between the 2 patient groups, after regression analysis, only PT and profound thrombocytopenia remained associated with TTP-HUS (P = .001 and P = .003, respectively). A platelet count of less than 20 x 10(3)/microL (20 x 10(9)/L) and a PT within 5 seconds of the upper limit of the reference interval had a specificity of 92% for TTP-HUS. Our data confirm that readily available laboratory assays in the proper clinical scenario can increase the likelihood of TTP-HUS over DIC.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA.
Yara A
YA
Park
Michael R
MR
Waldrum
Marisa B
MB
Marques
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D010976:Platelet Count; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D011697:Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies