Riboflavin biosynthetic and regulatory factors as potential novel anti-infective drug targets.
Riboflavin (vitamin B2) is the direct precursor of redox enzyme cofactors flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), which are essential for multiple cell physiology. The riboflavin biosynthetic pathway is regarded as a rich resource for therapeutic targets for broad spectrum antibiotics. Enzymatic pathways, regulatory factors of the riboflavin biosynthesis, and relevant drug discovery are summarized in this review. The novel riboswitch regulatory mechanism of riboflavin metabolism is also described. A compendium of chemical modulators of riboflavin biosynthesis and regulatory networks is listed and such demonstrates the promise of riboflavin biosynthesis and regulatory mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets for novel antibiotic drug discovery.
Long
Quanxin
Q
Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, Ministry Key Laboratory of Education Eco-environment of Three Gorges, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Ji
Lei
L
Wang
Honghai
H
Xie
Jianping
J
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D012258:Riboflavin Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D012258:Riboflavin Synthase; D012256:Riboflavin