Identification of lung cancer with high sensitivity and specificity by blood testing.
BACKGROUND
Lung cancer is a very frequent and lethal tumor with an identifiable risk population. Cytological analysis and chest X-ray failed to reduce mortality, and CT screenings are still controversially discussed. Recent studies provided first evidence for the potential usefulness of autoantigens as markers for lung cancer.


METHODS
We used extended panels of arrayed antigens and determined autoantibody signatures of sera from patients with different kinds of lung cancer, different common non-tumor lung pathologies, and controls without any lung disease by a newly developed computer aided image analysis procedure. The resulting signatures were classified using linear kernel Support Vector Machines and 10-fold cross-validation.


RESULTS
The novel approach allowed for discriminating lung cancer patients from controls without any lung disease with a specificity of 97.0%, a sensitivity of 97.9%, and an accuracy of 97.6%. The classification of stage IA/IB tumors and controls yielded a specificity of 97.6%, a sensitivity of 75.9%, and an accuracy of 92.9%. The discrimination of lung cancer patients from patients with non-tumor lung pathologies reached an accuracy of 88.5%.


CONCLUSIONS
We were able to separate lung cancer patients from subjects without any lung disease with high accuracy. Furthermore, lung cancer patients could be separated from patients with other non-tumor lung diseases. These results provide clear evidence that blood-based tests open new avenues for the early diagnosis of lung cancer.
Department of Human Genetics, Medical School, Saarland University, Building 60, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
Petra
P
Leidinger
Andreas
A
Keller
Sabrina
S
Heisel
Nicole
N
Ludwig
Stefanie
S
Rheinheimer
Veronika
V
Klein
Claudia
C
Andres
Andrea
A
Staratschek-Jox
Jürgen
J
Wolf
Erich
E
Stoelben
Bernhard
B
Stephan
Ingo
I
Stehle
Jürg
J
Hamacher
Hanno
H
Huwer
Hans-Peter
HP
Lenhof
Eckart
E
Meese
D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins