RTN/Nogo in forming Alzheimer's neuritic plaques.
One of the pathological hallmarks in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the presence of neuritic plaques, in which amyloid deposits are surrounded by reactive gliosis and dystrophic neurites. Within neuritic plaques, reticulon 3 (RTN3), a homolog of Nogo protein, appears to regulate the formation of both amyloid deposition via negative modulation of BACE1 activity and dystrophic neurites via the formation of RTN3 aggregates. Transgenic mice over-expressing RTN3, but not the other known markers of dystrophic neurites in AD brain, spontaneously develop RTN3-immunoreactive dystrophic neurites. The presence of dystrophic neurites impairs cognition. Blocking abnormal RTN3 aggregation will increase the available RTN3 monomer and is therefore a promising therapeutic strategy for enhancing cognitive function in AD patients.
Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Marguerite
M
Prior
Qi
Q
Shi
Xiangyou
X
Hu
Wanxia
W
He
Allan
A
Levey
Riqiang
R
Yan
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000473:pathology*
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; C476198:RTN3 protein, human; C000603199:RTN4 protein, human; C000603201:Rtn4 protein, mouse