Comparative proteomic analysis between normal skin and keloid scar.
BACKGROUND
Keloids are pathological scars and, despite numerous available treatment modalities, continue to plague physicians and patients.


OBJECTIVE
Identification of molecular mediators that contribute to this fibrotic phenotype.


METHODS
Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, MALDI-TOF, Mascot online database searching algorithm and Melanie 5 gel analysis software were employed for comparative proteomic analysis between normal skin (NS) and keloid scar (KS) tissue extracts.


RESULTS
Seventy-nine protein spots corresponding to 23 and 32 differentially expressed proteins were identified in NS and KS, respectively. Isoforms of heat shock proteins, gelsolin, carbonic anhydrase and notably keratin 10 were strongly expressed in NS along with manganese superoxide dismutase, immune components, antitrypsin, prostatic binding protein and crystalline. Various classes of proteins were found either to be present or to be upregulated in keloid tissue: (i) inflammatory/differentiated keratinocyte markers: S100 proteins, peroxiredoxin I; (ii) wound healing proteins: gelsolin-like capping protein; (iii) fibrogenetic proteins: mast cell β-tryptase, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF); (iv) antifibrotic proteins: asporin; (v) tumour suppressor proteins: stratifin, galectin-1, maspin; and (vi) antiangiogenic proteins: pigment epithelium-derived factor. Significant increases in expression of asporin, stratifin, galectin-1 and MIF were observed by Western blot analysis in KS.


CONCLUSIONS
This work has identified differentially expressed proteins specific to KS tissue extracts which can potentially be used as specific targets for therapeutic intervention.
Ong
C T
CT
Department of Surgery, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Khoo
Y T
YT
Mukhopadhyay
A
A
Masilamani
J
J
Do
D V
DV
Lim
I J
IJ
Phan
T T
TT
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005092:Exonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D005095:Exoribonucleases; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007627:Keloid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; C439889:ASPN protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D037483:Galectin 1; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D020543:Proteome; D005092:Exonucleases; D005095:Exoribonucleases; C413442:SFN protein, human