Regenerative treatment of peri-implantitis bone defects with a combination of autologous bone and a demineralized xenogenic bone graft: a series of 36 defects.
OBJECTIVE
As the treatment of peri-implantitis-induced bone loss is still a problem, we studied the regenerative treatment of these defects with a mix of autologous bone and a new type of bone graft substitute (demineralized xenogenic bone graft) including growth factors.


METHODS
In a prospective manner, 36 cases of peri-implantitis-induced bone loss (depth >4 mm) in 22 patients were followed for 1 year. After resolving the acute infection by local rinsing, granulation tissue was removed. The implants were decontaminated with etching gel and the defects were filled with autologous bone mixed 1:1 with a xenogenic bone graft. The prosthetic reconstructions did not have to be removed. Values of probing depths as well as bone defects were analyzed.


RESULTS
The radiologic evaluation of the bone defects after regenerative treatment revealed a mean reduction of 3.5 mm comparing the values from 5.1 mm prior to surgery to 1.6 mm 1 year after treatment. Average reduction of the probing depth was 4 mm. The remaining bone defects were larger than 3 mm in 4 out of 36 implants 1 year after treatment. Probing depths of more than 4 mm were present in seven implants.


CONCLUSIONS
Within the limits of the study, we conclude that for bone defects larger than 4 mm in case of peri-implantitis, this single surgical intervention provided a reliable method to reduce bone defects.
Wiltfang
Jörg
J
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany.
Zernial
Oliver
O
Behrens
Eleonore
E
Schlegel
Andreas
A
Warnke
Patrick H
PH
Becker
Stephan T
ST
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D045662:Dental Etching; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants