Antidermatophyte and antimelanogenesis compound from Eleutherine americana grown in Indonesia.
An active compound from the bulb of Eleutherine americana L. Merr. (Iridaceae) collected from East Kalimantan, Indonesia, was tested for its antidermatophyte and antimelanogenesis activity. Antifungal assay-directed fractionation of the n-hexane-soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of the bulb of E. americana led to the isolation of 1 as an active compound. The compound was identified as the naphthoquinone eleutherin by EI-MS and (1)H-, (13)C-, and two-dimensional NMR analyses. Antidermatophyte assay of 1 at concentrations of 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 microg/disk and myconazole, a commercial antidermatophyte, at 10 microg/disk displayed 7, 8, 13, 16, 17, and 14 mm of inhibition zone against Trichophyton mentagrophytes, respectively. In a melanin formation inhibition assay, compound 1 displayed potent antimelanogenesis activity at 5 ppm with low toxicity compared with arbutin, a commercial skin-whitening agent. The results showed the high potential of 1, an active compound from E. americana, to be applied as an antidermatophyte and antimelanogenesis agent.
Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia.
Irawan Wijaya
IW
Kusuma
Enos Tangke
ET
Arung
Enih
E
Rosamah
Sri
S
Purwatiningsih
Harlinda
H
Kuspradini
Syafrizal
Juli
J
Astuti
Yong-Ung
YU
Kim
Kuniyoshi
K
Shimizu
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003883:Arthrodermataceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007214:Indonesia; D027621:Iridaceae; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts