Regional differences in recombination hotspots between two chicken populations.
BACKGROUND
Although several genetic linkage maps of the chicken genome have been published, the resolution of these maps is limited and does not allow the precise identification of recombination hotspots. The availability of more than 3.2 million SNPs in the chicken genome and the recent advances in high throughput genotyping techniques enabled us to increase marker density for the construction of a high-resolution linkage map of the chicken genome. This high-resolution linkage map allowed us to study recombination hotspots across the genome between two chicken populations: a purebred broiler line and a broiler x broiler cross. In total, 1,619 animals from the two different broiler populations were genotyped with 17,790 SNPs.


RESULTS
The resulting linkage map comprises 13,340 SNPs. Although 360 polymorphic SNPs that had not been assigned to a known chromosome on chicken genome build WASHUC2 were included in this study, no new linkage groups were found. The resulting linkage map is composed of 31 linkage groups, with a total length of 3,054 cM for the sex-average map of the combined population. The sex-average linkage map of the purebred broiler line is 686 cM smaller than the linkage map of the broiler x broiler cross.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study, we present a linkage map of the chicken genome at a substantially higher resolution than previously published linkage maps. Regional differences in recombination hotspots between the two mapping populations were observed in several chromosomes near the telomere of the p arm; the sex-specific analysis revealed that these regional differences were mainly caused by female-specific recombination hotspots in the broiler x broiler cross.
Animal Breeding and Genomics Centre, Wageningen University and Research Centre, Wageningen, the Netherlands. Martin.Elferink@wur.nl
Martin G
MG
Elferink
Pieter
P
van As
Tineke
T
Veenendaal
Richard P M A
RP
Crooijmans
Martien A M
MA
Groenen
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA