Micro-raman assessment of the ratio of carbon-carbon double bonds of two adhesive systems cured with LED or halogen light-curing units.
OBJECTIVE
the purpose of the study was to compare the ratio of carbon-carbon double bonds (RDB) of two adhesive systems cured by five different light-curing units (LCUs) using micro-Raman spectroscopy. materials and methods: ten samples of an etch-and-rinse (Excite), a two-step self-etching adhesive system (AdheSE) - ie, primer and bond mixed - and AdheSE Bond only were prepared and cured with one of the following LEDs: Elipar Freelight2; Bluephase; SmartLite; Coltolux, each for 10 s; or a conventional halogen Prismetics Lite for 10 s or 20 s. Micro-Raman spectra were obtained from uncured and cured samples of all three groups to calculate the RDB. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA.


RESULTS
the mean RDB values were 62% to 76% (Excite), 36% to 50% (AdheSE Primer+Bond) and 58% to 63% (AdheSE Bond). At 20 s, Prismetics Lite produced significantly higher RDB in Excite than the other LCUs and Prismetics Lite at 10 s (p < 0.05). Prismetics Lite at 20 s and Elipar produced comparable RDB values of AdheSE Bond and AdheSE Primer+Bond (p > 0.05). Excite showed significantly higher RDB values than AdheSE (p < 0.05) whilst AdheSE Bond showed significantly higher RDB than AdheSE Primer+Bond (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
the etch-and-rinse adhesive cured with the halogen LCU for 20 s gave higher conversion than LED LCUs or halogen for 10 s curing time. The highest intensity LED [Elipar] produced higher or comparable conversion compared to the lower intensity LED LCUs for the same curing time. The etch-and-rinse adhesive showed higher RDB than the self-etching adhesive system. The presence of the primer in the self-etching adhesive compromised polymerisation.
Miletic
Vesna
V
Edinburgh Postgraduate Dental Institute, The University of Edinburgh, UK. vesna.miletic@gmail.com
Santini
Ario
A
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental / Q000145:classification*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D015591:Microspectrophotometry; D058105:Polymerization / Q000528:radiation effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013997:Time Factors
D000180:Acrylic Resins; C489662:AdheSE cement; C420130:Excite cement; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D002244:Carbon