Bioactive metabolites produced by Penicillium sp. 1 and sp. 2, two endophytes associated with Alibertia macrophylla (Rubiaceae).
In the course of our continuous search for bioactive metabolites from endophytic fungi living in plants from the Brazilian flora, leaves of Alibertia macrophylla (Rubiaceae) were submitted to isolation of endophytes, and two species of Penicillium were isolated. The acetonitrile fraction obtained in corn from a culture of Penicillium sp. 1 afforded orcinol (1). On the other hand, Penicillium sp. 1 cultivated in potato-dextrose-broth furnished two different compounds, cyclo-(L-Pro-L-Val) (2) and uracil (3). The chromatographic fractionation of the acetonitrile fraction obtained from Penicillium sp. 2 led to three dihydroisocoumarins, 4-hydroxymellein (4), 8-methoxymellein (5) and 5-hydroxymellein (6). Compounds 5 and 6 were obtained from the Penicillium genus for the first time. Additionally, metabolites 1-6 were evaluated for their antifungal and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activities. The most active compounds 1 and 4 exhibited detection limits of 5.00 and 10.0 microg against Cladosporium cladosporioides and C. sphaerospermum, respectively. Compound 2 showed a detection limit of 10.0 microg, displaying potent AChE inhibitory activity.
NuBBE--Núicleo de Bioensaios, Biossíntese e Ecofisiologia de Produtos Naturals, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Rua Professor Francisco Degni, SN, Bairro Quitandinha, 14800-900 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil.
Camila M
CM
Oliveira
Geraldo H
GH
Silva
Luis O
LO
Regasini
Lisinéia M
LM
Zanardi
Alana H
AH
Evangelista
Maria C M
MC
Young
Vanderlan S
VS
Bolzani
Angela R
AR
Araujo
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001938:Brazil; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010407:Penicillium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019666:Rubiaceae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000382:microbiology; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D009793:Ochratoxins; C120538:ochracin