Comparative analysis of gene expression profiles between primary knee osteoarthritis and an osteoarthritis endemic to Northwestern China, Kashin-Beck disease.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the differences in gene expression profiles of adult articular cartilage from patients with Kashin-Beck disease (KBD) versus those with primary knee osteoarthritis (OA).


METHODS
The messenger RNA expression profiles of articular cartilage from patients with KBD, diagnosed according to the clinical criteria for KBD in China, were compared with those of cartilage from patients with OA, diagnosed according to the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities OA Index. Total RNA was isolated separately from 4 pairs of the KBD and OA cartilage samples, and the expression profiles were evaluated by Agilent 4x44k Whole Human Genome density oligonucleotide microarray analysis. The microarray data for selected transcripts were confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplification.


RESULTS
For 1.2 x 10(4) transcripts, corresponding to 58.4% of the expressed transcripts, 2-fold changes in differential expression were revealed. Expression levels higher in KBD than in OA samples were observed in a mean + or - SD 6,439 + or - 1,041 (14.6 + or - 2.4%) of the transcripts, and expression levels were lower in KBD than in OA samples in 6,147 + or - 1,222 (14.2 + or - 2.8%) of the transcripts. After application of the selection criteria, 1.85% of the differentially expressed genes (P < 0.001 between groups) were detected. These included 233 genes, of which 195 (0.4%) were expressed at higher levels and 38 (0.08%) were expressed at lower levels in KBD than in OA cartilage. Comparisons of the quantitative RT-PCR data supported the validity of our microarray data.


CONCLUSIONS
Differences between KBD and OA cartilage exhibited a similar pattern among all 4 of the pairs examined, indicating the presence of disease mechanisms, mainly chondrocyte matrix metabolism, cartilage degeneration, and apoptosis induction pathways, which contribute to cartilage destruction in KBD.
Duan
Chen
C
Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Number 76 Yan Ta, West Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
Guo
Xiong
X
Zhang
Xiao-Dong
XD
Yu
Han-Jie
HJ
Yan
Hua
H
Gao
Ying
Y
Ma
Wei-Juan
WJ
Gao
Zong-Qiang
ZQ
Xu
Peng
P
Lammi
Mikko
M
D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D012333:RNA, Messenger