Medicinal mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Leyss: Fr) Karst. triggers immunomodulatory effects and reduces nitric oxide synthesis in mice.
This study investigated the effect of Ganoderma lucidum supplementation on lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages from mice. Our results show that G. lucidum in vivo was able to increase interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) concentration but reduced CD3(+) and CD8(+) spleen lymphocytes. Ex vivo, IFN-gamma; and interleukin-10 levels were increased and the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) level was reduced by peritoneal macrophages from mice fed with G. lucidum. In the absence of stimuli nitric oxide production was reduced in mice fed with G. lucidum, and with lipopolysaccharide stimulation nitric oxide production was increased but was lower than control values (P < .05). G. lucidum was grown by solid-state culture in wheat grain, and a chow containing 10% G. lucidum mycelium was formulated (G10). Swiss male mice were divided into two groups, termed G10 and control groups according to the diet, and were fed for 3 months. Peritoneal macrophages were obtained and investigated with regard to phagocytosis, lysosomal volume, hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, and cytokines ex vivo. In the plasma we investigated concentrations of cytokines, and in the spleen we determined subsets of CD3(+), CD4(+), CD8(+), and CD19(+) lymphocytes.
Rubel
Rosália
R
Bioprocess Engineering and Biotechnology Division, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Dalla Santa
Herta S
HS
Bonatto
Sandro J R
SJ
Bello
Sérgio
S
Fernandes
Luiz Cláudio
LC
Di Bernardi
Raffaello
R
Gern
Juliana
J
Santos
Cid Aimbiré M
CA
Soccol
Carlos Ricardo
CR
D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D032902:Ganoderma; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D025282:Mycelium; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012639:Seeds; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D017252:CD3 Complex; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma