Mechanisms facilitating weight loss and resolution of type 2 diabetes following bariatric surgery.
Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment modality for obesity, resulting in durable weight loss and amelioration of obesity-associated comorbidities, particularly type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, the metabolic benefits of bariatric surgery occur independently of weight loss. There is increasing evidence that surgically induced alterations in circulating gut hormones mediate these beneficial effects of bariatric surgery. Here, we summarise current knowledge on the effects of different bariatric procedures on circulating gut hormone levels. We also discuss the theories that have been put forward to explain the weight loss and T2DM resolution following bariatric surgery. Understanding the mechanisms mediating these beneficial outcomes of bariatric surgery could result in new non-surgical treatment strategies for obesity and T2DM.
Karra
Efthimia
E
Department of Medicine, University College London, Centre for Obesity Research, 5 University Street, London WC1E 6JJ, United Kingdom.
Yousseif
Ahmed
A
Batterham
Rachel L
RL
D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000378:metabolism; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*
D054439:Ghrelin; D019894:Peptide YY; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1