DNA damages induced by trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE), a component of cooking oil fume, in human bronchial epithelial cells.
Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that cooking oil fumes (COF) are an environmental risk factor for the development of lung adenocarcinoma among nonsmoking females in Taiwan. Aside from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, especially trans, trans-2,4-decadienal (tt-DDE) are found to be abundant in COF. Although there is indication that tt-DDE induces DNA damage, the precise role of tt-DDE in the induction of DNA damage in lung cells is still not clear. When we assessed DNA breaks with the Comet assay, we found that the DNA breaks induced by 1 muM tt-DDE in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) could be significantly reduced by antioxidants, suggesting that oxidative stress was involved. Indeed, when tt-DDE-treated cells were coincubated with endonuclease III/formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase or with nuclear extract (NE), an enhancement of DNA breaks was observed at 1 hr after tt-DDE exposure. Furthermore, when NE was incubated with an antibody against 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (anti-OGG1), a reduction in tt-DDE/NE-induced DNA breaks could be demonstrated. Since OGG1 is a specific repair enzyme for 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG), these findings indicated that 8-oxo-dG was involved. On the other hand, when NE was incubated with antibodies against nucleotide excision repair enzymes, there was a significant reduction in tt-DDE/NE-induced DNA breaks at 4 hr after tt-DDE treatment. These observations indicate that, in addition to early oxidative DNA damage, nonoxidative DNA damage such as bulky adduct formation, was also induced by tt-DDE. Our study further affirms that tt-DDE is genotoxic to human lung cells and can increase carcinogenic risk.
Division of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli country 350, Taiwan.
Shun-Chieh
SC
Young
Louis W
LW
Chang
Hui-Ling
HL
Lee
Lung-Hung
LH
Tsai
Yin-Chang
YC
Liu
Pinpin
P
Lin
D000447:Aldehydes / Q000633:toxicity*; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D020552:Comet Assay; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000378:metabolism; D053960:DNA Breaks / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D005260:Female; D005648:Fuel Oils / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D000447:Aldehydes; D018736:DNA Adducts; D005648:Fuel Oils; C057349:2,4-decadienal