Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in ophthalmology.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are increasingly employed in ophthalmology to reduce miosis and inflammation, manage scleritis, and prevent and treat cystoid macular edema associated with cataract surgery. In addition, they may decrease postoperative pain and photophobia associated with refractive surgery and may reduce the itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. In recent years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved new topical NSAIDs, and previously approved NSAIDs have been reformulated. These additions and changes result in different pharmacokinetics and dosing intervals, which may offer therapeutic advantages. For example, therapeutic effects on diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration may now be achievable. We provide an updated review on NSAIDs and a summary of their current uses in ophthalmology with attention to potential future applications.
Kim
Stephen J
SJ
Department of Ophthalmology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA. skim30@gmail.com
Flach
Allan J
AJ
Jampol
Lee M
LM
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D017277:Drug Approval; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000379:methods*; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions