Novel targets for the treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease.
BACKGROUND
Autosomal dominant (AD) polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is the most common life-threatening hereditary disorder. There is currently no therapy that slows or prevents cyst formation and kidney enlargement in humans. An increasing number of animal studies have advanced our understanding of molecular and cellular targets of PKD.


METHODS
The purpose of this review is to summarize the molecular and cellular targets involved in cystogenesis and to update on the promising therapies that are being developed and tested based on knowledge of these molecular and cellular targets.


RESULTS
Insight into the pathogenesis of PKD and how a better understanding of the pathogenesis of PKD has led to the development of potential therapies to inhibit cyst formation and/or growth and improve kidney function.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of animal studies in PKD have led to the development of clinical trials testing potential new therapies to reduce cyst formation and/or growth. A vasopressin V2 receptor antagonist, mTOR inhibitors, blockade of the renin-angiotensin system and statins that reduce cyst formation and improve renal function in animal models of PKD are being tested in interventional studies in humans.
Belibi
Franck A
FA
University of Colorado Denver, Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Box C281, 12700 East 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Edelstein
Charles L
CL
D000818:Animals; D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016891:Polycystic Kidney, Autosomal Dominant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases