Anabolic and catabolic pathways regulating skeletal muscle mass.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this review is to discuss recent findings as they pertain to anabolic and catabolic-signaling pathways involved in the regulation of adult skeletal muscle mass.


RESULTS
Research conducted over the past few years has continued to refine our understanding of the pathways that govern skeletal muscle mass, in particular the mTOR, FoxO and NF-kappaB pathways. Alternative signaling pathways have also emerged as important regulators of muscle mass such as the beta-catenin pathway.


CONCLUSIONS
A better understanding of the anabolic and catabolic processes which regulate skeletal muscle mass is critical for the development of more effective therapeutics to prevent the loss of muscle with disuse, aging and disease.
McCarthy
John J
JJ
Center for Muscle Biology, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
Esser
Karyn A
KA
D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009929:Organ Size; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051176:beta Catenin; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases