Further evidence supporting the influence of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on the outcome of bipolar depression: independent effect of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and harm avoidance.
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is a candidate gene for response to antidepressant treatment. However, response to pharmacological treatments is moderated by both genetic and other factors within individuals. For example, there is evidence of an influence of the temperamental trait of harm avoidance on the outcome of depressive disorders. In the present study we aimed to investigate the effect of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene on medium-term outcome in a naturalistic sample of 86 depressed bipolar spectrum patients, taking into account harm avoidance. Both single marker and haplotypes were significantly associated with severity of depression at month 6 after treatment initiation. The haplotype comprising the A-C alleles was associated with a poorer outcome. Harm avoidance maintained a significant effect on depressive outcome in bipolar disorder, independently from brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotypes. However, harm avoidance s influence appeared to be more consistent in patients carrying the protective G-T combination of alleles. Our results indicate brain-derived neurotrophic factor as involved in the outcome of depression in bipolar disorder. Harm avoidance did not interact with brain-derived neurotrophic factor genotypes, though its effect was still significant. Given that many factors may influence response to pharmacological treatments, studies that consider personality and other individual characteristics are warranted also in pharmacogenetic investigations.
Mandelli
Laura
L
Department of Psychiatry, University of Bologna, Viale C. Pepoli 5, Bologna, Italy. laura.mandelli@unibo.it
Mazza
Marianna
M
Martinotti
Giovanni
G
Tavian
Daniela
D
Colombo
Elisa
E
Missaglia
Sara
S
Di Nicola
Marco
M
De Ronchi
Diana
D
Negri
Gloria
G
Colombo
Roberto
R
Janiri
Luigi
L
Serretti
Alessandro
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D040261:Harm Reduction; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor