[Homocysteine and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease].
BACKGROUND
The relationship between homocysteine (Hc) and vascular diseases has been known for more than 30 years. Lately, Hc has also been related to cognitive and motor impairment. In Parkinson's disease (PD), chronic treatment with levodopa could induce higher levels of Hc, and thus may increase risk of cognitive impairment.


OBJECTIVE
To confirm that PD patients treated with levodopa have higher levels of Hc and to establish a relationship between Hc, folic acid and vitamin B12 levels. Also, we studied a possible link between those variables and cognitive function.


METHODS
58 patients with diagnosis of PD were included (45 under treatment with levodopa). Basal levels of Hc, vitamin B12 and folic acid were determined. Forty five patients underwent neuropsychological evaluation.


RESULTS
Hc levels were significantly higher in patients taking levodopa and were not related to levodopa dosage or treatment duration. There was a negative correlation between Hc levels and those of vitamin B12 and folic acid in men but we found no such correlation in women. Entacapone was not found to reduce Hc levels. Hc levels were significantly higher in patients with cognitive impairment (9 out of 45 patients).


CONCLUSIONS
Our study confirms presence of high levels of Hc in PD patients under treatment with levodopa, more evident in patients with cognitive impairment.
Martín-Fernández
José Javier
JJ
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Espana. josej.martin@carm.es
Carles-Díes
Rafael
R
Cañizares
Francisco
F
Parra
Soledad
S
Avilés
Francisco
F
Villegas
Irene
I
Morsi-Hassan
Ossama
O
Fernández-Barreiro
Andrés
A
Herrero
M Trinidad
MT
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000097:blood; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood
D006710:Homocysteine; D007980:Levodopa; D005492:Folic Acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12