Bilateral difference in hamstrings to quadriceps ratio in healthy males and females.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the isometric and isokinetic hamstrings to quadriceps (H:Q) ratio 1) between the dominant (D) and non-dominant (ND) legs, and 2) between healthy males and females.


METHODS
Cross-sectional.


METHODS
University research laboratory. Quadriceps and hamstrings strength were assessed by maximum isometric contractions at six angles (40 degrees, 50 degrees, 60 degrees, 70 degrees, 80 degrees, 90 degrees) and concentric contractions at three angular velocities (60 degrees s(-1), 180 degrees s(-1), 300 degrees s(-1)).


METHODS
Forty physically active adults (25 males).


METHODS
Peak isometric and isokinetic torques of the quadriceps and hamstrings, and the corresponding H:Q ratios.


RESULTS
Isometric H:Q ratio increased with greater knee extension (P<0.001), with overall a higher ratio in the D leg (P<0.001). Isokinetic H:Q ratio increased with angular velocity (P<0.001), with a higher ratio in the D leg (P<0.05). Neither isometric nor isokinetic H:Q ratios differed between males and females.


CONCLUSIONS
When setting rehabilitation goals, it may be appropriate to adjust the H:Q ratio and leg strength based on the uninvolved leg with consideration of leg dominance. Gender-related differences do not explain the discrepancy in the literature regarding bilateral differences in the H:Q ratio. Other subject characteristics such as age and training may be more relevant.
Kong
Pui W
PW
Department of Kinesiology, College of Health Sciences, 1101N. Campbell Street, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX 79902, USA. puiwah.kong@nie.edu.sg
Burns
Stephen F
SF
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D007717:Knee / Q000502:physiology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D053580:Muscle Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D053581:Muscle Strength Dynamometer; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D019415:Torque; D055815:Young Adult