Tocotrienol distribution in foods: estimation of daily tocotrienol intake of Japanese population.
Tocotrienol (T3) is an unsaturated form of natural vitamin E that has been focused on because of its potential health benefits (i.e., antioxidative, antihypercholesterolemic, and antiangiogenic effects). The presence of T3 in some plant sources (e.g., rice bran and palm oil) is known, but its distribution in other edible sources and its daily intake remain unclear. In this study, we aimed at clarifying the distribution of T3 in various food sources and estimating the daily T3 intake of Japanese population. T3 contents of 242 food items and 64 meal items were measured by using normal-phase HPLC with fluorescence detection. As for the results, T3 contents were nondetectable to 12 mg T3/kg wet wt of food items, and nondetectable to 1.3 mg T3/item of processed (cooked) meal. Accordingly, the daily intake of T3 was estimated as 1.9-2.1 mg T3/day/person. The estimated daily intake of T3 appears rather low compared with the intake of tocopherol (8-10 mg/day/person as reported in the Japanese National Nutrition Survey), and additional T3 is important for its therapeutic aspects.
Sookwong
Phumon
P
Food & Biodynamic Chemistry Laboratory, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Nakagawa
Kiyotaka
K
Yamaguchi
Yasuhiro
Y
Miyazawa
Taiki
T
Kato
Shunji
S
Kimura
Fumiko
F
Miyazawa
Teruo
T
D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004435:Eating; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*
D024508:Tocotrienols