Neighborhood socioeconomic change and diabetes risk: findings from the Chicago childhood diabetes registry.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether patterns in socioeconomic characteristics in Chicago over a 30-year period are associated with neighborhood distribution of youth diabetes risk.


METHODS
Incident cases of diabetes in youth aged 0-17 years were identified from the Chicago Childhood Diabetes Registry between 1994 and 2003. Those with a type 2 diabetes-like clinical course or related indicators were classified as non-type 1 diabetic; the remaining cases were considered to have type 1 diabetes.


RESULTS
Compared with stable diversity neighborhoods, significant associations for type 1 diabetes were found for younger children residing in emerging low-income neighborhoods (relative risk 0.56 [95% CI 0.36-0.90]) and older children residing in emerging high-income neighborhoods (1.52 [1.17-1.98]). For non-type 1 diabetes, older youth residing in desertification neighborhoods were at increased risk (1.47 [1.09-1.99]).


CONCLUSIONS
Neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics in Chicago may be associated with the risk of diabetes in youth.
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA. dgrigs1@illinois.edu
Diana S
DS
Grigsby-Toussaint
Rebecca
R
Lipton
Noel
N
Chavez
Arden
A
Handler
Timothy P
TP
Johnson
Jessica
J
Kubo
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012306:Risk; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001741:Black or African American