Atypical subunit composition of the chlorophycean mitochondrial F1FO-ATP synthase and role of Asa7 protein in stability and oligomycin resistance of the enzyme.
In yeast, mammals, and land plants, mitochondrial F(1)F(O)-ATP synthase (complex V) is a remarkable enzymatic machinery that comprises about 15 conserved subunits. Peculiar among eukaryotes, complex V from Chlamydomonadales algae (order of chlorophycean class) has an atypical subunit composition of its peripheral stator and dimerization module, with nine subunits of unknown evolutionary origin (Asa subunits). In vitro, this enzyme exhibits an increased stability of its dimeric form, and in vivo, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cells are insensitive to oligomycins, which are potent inhibitors of proton translocation through the F(O) moiety. In this work, we showed that the atypical features of the Chlamydomonadales complex V enzyme are shared by the other chlorophycean orders. By biochemical and in silico analyses, we detected several atypical Asa subunits in Scenedesmus obliquus (Sphaeropleales) and Chlorococcum ellipsoideum (Chlorococcales). In contrast, complex V has a canonical subunit composition in other classes of Chlorophytes (Trebouxiophyceae, Prasinophyceae, and Ulvophyceae) as well as in Streptophytes (land plants), and in Rhodophytes (red algae). Growth, respiration, and ATP levels in Chlorophyceae were also barely affected by oligomycin concentrations that affect representatives of the other classes of Chlorophytes. We finally studied the function of the Asa7 atypical subunit by using RNA interference in C. reinhardtii. Although the loss of Asa7 subunit has no impact on cell bioenergetics or mitochondrial structures, it destabilizes in vitro the enzyme dimeric form and renders growth, respiration, and ATP level sensitive to oligomycins. Altogether, our results suggest that the loss of canonical components of the complex V stator happened at the root of chlorophycean lineage and was accompanied by the recruitment of novel polypeptides. Such a massive modification of complex V stator features might have conferred novel properties, including the stabilization of the enzyme dimeric form and the shielding of the proton channel. In these respects, we discuss an evolutionary scenario for F(1)F(O)-ATP synthase in the whole green lineage (i.e., Chlorophyta and Streptophyta).
Genetics of Microorganisms, Department of Life Sciences, Université de Liège, Belgium.
Marie
M
Lapaille
Adelma
A
Escobar-Ramírez
Hervé
H
Degand
Denis
D
Baurain
Elizabeth
E
Rodríguez-Salinas
Nadine
N
Coosemans
Marc
M
Boutry
Diego
D
Gonzalez-Halphen
Claire
C
Remacle
Pierre
P
Cardol
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D019281:Dimerization; D004351:Drug Resistance; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology*; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009840:Oligomycins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011522:Protons; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
D009840:Oligomycins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011522:Protons; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases