Pharmacological and toxicological effects of Paronychia argentea in experimental calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in rats.
OBJECTIVE
Renal protection and antiurolithiasic effects of two extracts of Paronychia argentea (PA), a traditional Algerian plant commonly known as Algerian tea, were evaluated. This study was carried out to determine whether the aqueous extract (APA) or the butanolic extract (BPA) of aerial parts could prevent or reduce calculi aggregation in experimental calcium oxalate (Ox) nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats.


METHODS
The two extracts (APA and BPA) were administrated orally and daily, during 28 days to nephrolithiasic treated rats at the dose of 250, 500 mg/kg b.w. and 10, 20mg/kg b.w. respectively. Body weight, renal index, liver index, serum level of creatinine, uric acid, urea, K(+), Ca(2+), Mg(2+), Na(+) and transaminase (alanine aminotransferase, ALT; aspartate aminotransferase, AST), phosphatase alkaline activity (PAL) were evaluated following the 28 days treatment in rats. In addition histopathological changes in kidney and liver were stained in hematoxylin eosin (HE).


RESULTS
The effect of the extracts could be advantageous in preventing urinary stone retention by reducing renal necrosis and thus inhibit crystal retention. In contradiction with APA, the two doses of BPA attenuated elevation in the serum creatinine (p<0.01) and blood urea levels (p<0.01) (nephroprotective effect). However, the increase in ALT (27%) and PAL (31-51%) serum levels and in the relative liver weights (p<0.01) in the groups treated with doses of APA may indicate that this extract has not a hepatoprotective effect against oxalate toxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
The presented data indicate that administration of the butanolic extract of aerial parts to rats with NaOx induced lithiasis, and reduced and prevented the growth of urinary stones in experimental calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis in Wistar rats.
Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique, Université Badji Mokhtar, Annaba, Algeria.
S
S
Bouanani
C
C
Henchiri
E
E
Migianu-Griffoni
N
N
Aouf
M
M
Lecouvey
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000378:metabolism*; D029748:Caryophyllaceae; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000517:prevention & control; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010070:Oxalates; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood
D010070:Oxalates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D014508:Urea; D003404:Creatinine; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase