Neuroprotective effects of cyanidin 3-O-glucopyranoside on amyloid beta (25-35) oligomer-induced toxicity.
Recent studies suggest that the oligomers of short amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides such as Abeta(25-35) as well as full-length Abeta peptides (i.e. Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42) peptides) are responsible for synaptic dysfunction and/or neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among antioxidant phytochemicals derived from fruit and vegetables, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy-3G) has recently gained attention for its neuroprotective properties. In this in vitro study, we demonstrated that Cy-3G can inhibit Abeta(25-35) spontaneous aggregation into oligomers and their neurotoxicity in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, the pre- and co-treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with Cy-3G reduced the neuronal death, in terms of apoptosis and necrosis, elicited by Abeta(25-35) oligomers. Cy-3G also shows the interesting ability to prevent the early events leading to neuronal death such as the Abeta(25-35) oligomer binding to plasma membrane and the subsequent membrane integrity loss. Taken together, these findings suggest that Cy-3G may be considered a phytochemical with neuroprotective properties useful in finding potential drug or food supplements for the therapy of AD.
Department of Pharmacology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy. andrea.tarozzi@unibo.it <andrea.tarozzi@unibo.it>
Andrea
A
Tarozzi
Fabiana
F
Morroni
Adriana
A
Merlicco
Cecilia
C
Bolondi
Gabriella
G
Teti
Mirella
M
Falconi
Giorgio
G
Cantelli-Forti
Patrizia
P
Hrelia
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001704:Biopolymers; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D000872:Anthocyanins; D001704:Biopolymers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside