Antigenotoxic effect of mangiferin and changes in antioxidant enzyme levels of Swiss albino mice treated with cadmium chloride.
Cadmium is an environmental metal toxin implicated in human diseases. Mangiferin (MGN), a naturally occurring glucosylxanthone, is present in Mangifera indica. In this study, the protective role of MGN against cadmium chloride (CdCl(2))-induced genotoxicity was studied in Swiss albino mice. Mice were administered with single intra-peritoneal (i.p.) optimal dose of MGN (2.5 mg/kg b.wt.) before treatment with various concentrations of CdCl(2) (7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 mg/kg b.wt.). The LD( 50(30)) was found to be 8.5 mg/kg b.wt. for DDW + CdCl(2) group, while it was increased to 9.77 mg/kg after MGN treatment resulting in increase in the LD(50(30)) value by 1.26 mg, with a dose reduction factor (DRF) of 1.14. Treatment of mice to various doses of CdCl(2) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic (MnPCE) and normochromatic erythrocytes (MnNCE), with corresponding decrease in the polychromatic / normochromatic erythrocyte ratio (PCE/NCE ratio) at various post-treatment times. MGN (2.5 mg/kg b.wt.) pretreatment significantly (p < .001) reduced the frequency of MnPCE, MnNCE and increased PCE/NCE ratio when compared with the DDW + CdCl(2) group at all post-treatment times indicating its antigenotoxic effect. Further, pretreatment of MGN declined the lipid peroxidation (LPx) content in liver, whereas significant increase was observed in hepatic Glutathione (GSH), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity. Our study revealed that MGN has potent antigenotoxic effect against CdCl(2)-induced toxicity in mice, which may be due to the scavenging of free radicals and increased antioxidant status.
Division of Biotechnology, Manipal Life Sciences Centre, Manipal University, Manipal, India.
E Kasi
EK
Viswanadh
B Nageshwar
BN
Rao
B S Satish
BS
Rao
D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D031022:Mangifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D019256:Cadmium Chloride