Increased levels of soluble cytokine receptors in the synovial fluid of temporomandibular joint disorders in relation to joint effusion on magnetic resonance images.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to clarify the significance of joint effusion (JE) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) in comparison to various soluble cytokine receptors in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs).


METHODS
Magnetic resonance imaging of 55 TMJs of 55 patients with TMD was performed, and synovial fluid samples were obtained on the same day. The grade of JE was evaluated on a scale from 0 to 3, with grade 0 indicating the absence of JE and grades 1 to 3 indicating the presence of JE. Correlations were measured between JE and the concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II, interleukin (IL) 6 soluble receptor, IL-1 soluble receptor type II, and IL-1 receptor antagonist and protein in the synovial fluid samples.


RESULTS
The mean concentrations of cytokine receptors in the synovial fluid were significantly higher in the 30 joints with JE than in the 25 joints without JE. There were no correlations between the JE grade and the level of any mediators.


CONCLUSIONS
Increased levels of cytokine receptors are likely to influence the expression of JE and may play important roles in the pathogenesis of TMD. These results also suggest that JE may reflect synovial inflammation of the TMJ.
Kaneyama
Keiseki
K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan. k-k@kanazawa-med.ac.jp
Segami
Natsuki
N
Yoshimura
Hiroshi
H
Honjo
Miho
M
Demura
Noboru
N
D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000032:analysis; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D054850:Osteophyte / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D019152:Paracentesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000032:analysis*; D053574:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type II / Q000032:analysis; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000032:analysis; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000032:analysis; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000276:immunology*; D013585:Synovitis / Q000276:immunology; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*
C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D011506:Proteins; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D053574:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type II; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II