Characterization of HIV type 1 genotypes and drug resistance mutations among drug-naive HIV type 1-infected patients in Northern Vietnam.
To evaluate HIV-1 drug resistance-associated mutations among drug-naive HIV-1-infected patients in Northern Vietnam, we performed sequence analysis of HIV-1 pol-PR and pol-RT in samples collected from 206 (161 men and 45 women) consenting patients in 2008. From these 206 samples, we successfully sequenced 173 pol-PR and 155 pol-RT genes. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that all patients were infected with HIV-1 CRF01_AE. Major protease inhibitor resistance mutations, such as L33F, M46I, and M46L, were found in three patients (1.7%). Major reverse-transcriptase inhibitor (RTI) resistance mutations were found in seven patients (4.5%), four of whom had single mutations: A62V (nucleoside RTI resistance mutation) in two cases and K103N and Y181C (nonnucleoside RTI resistance mutation) in one case each. Three patients had multiple RTI resistance mutations: two, three, and seven, respectively. Thus, monitoring for drug-resistant HIV-1 and performing drug resistance testing before initiating antiretroviral therapy (ART) are recommended to facilitate selection of the appropriate ART and better clinical outcomes in Vietnam.
Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Kanazawa University , Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan .
Thi Thu Chung
TT
Phan
Azumi
A
Ishizaki
Dac Cam
DC
Phung
Xiuqiong
X
Bi
Shinichi
S
Oka
Hiroshi
H
Ichimura
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014744:Vietnam; D055815:Young Adult; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase