Development of a ceramic primer with higher bond durability for resin cement.
To increase the bond durability of resin to the CAD/CAM ceramic surface, two types of two-bottle type ceramic primers, consisting of Primer A1 or A2 and Primer B, were designed. Primer A1 was prepared by dissolving 25, 50, or 100 mg of gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane in 1 mL of ethanol. Primer A2 was prepared by dissolving 50 mg of mixed silanes, consisting of 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane to gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, in 1 mL of ethanol. Mole fractions of 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane to gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane were 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mol%. Primer B was prepared after dissolving 0.01, 0.05 or 0.1 mol L(-1) hydrochloric acid in ethanol by 50 vol%. Ceramic surface was silanated with a mixture of Primers A1 and B or Primers A2 and B for 1 min, and then air-dried. Commercial GC ceramic primer and Porcelain Liner M were utilized. Thereafter, dual-curing type resin cement was bonded to silanated ceramic surface through visible-light irradiation. Shear bond strength of resin to the ceramic surface was measured, before and after thermo-cycling. Addition of 0.01 or 0.05 mol L(-1) hydrochloric acid to the gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane allowed for significant increases in the bond strength. However, thermo-cycling resulted in significant decreases of approximately 5 MPa in the bond strength. Conversely, when the mixed silane, where 30 mol% of 1,2-bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane dissolved in gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, was utilized with 0.05 mol L(-1) hydrochloric acid, the reduction in the bond strength decreased to approximately 2 MPa. The designed ceramic primers exhibited higher ceramic bond durability than commercial ceramic primers.
Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University Graduate School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo, Chiba, Japan. nishiyama.norihiro@nihon-u.ac.jp
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D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D004980:Ethane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D055116:Self-Curing of Dental Resins; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D012997:Solvents; D014297:Trimethylsilyl Compounds; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; C517344:bis(trimethoxysilyl)ethane; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C017492:methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; D000431:Ethanol; C034139:4-methacryloxyethyltrimellitic acid anhydride; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D004980:Ethane; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid