Neighborhood socioeconomic change and diabetes risk: findings from the Chicago childhood diabetes registry.
OBJECTIVE
To examine whether patterns in socioeconomic characteristics in Chicago over a 30-year period are associated with neighborhood distribution of youth diabetes risk.


METHODS
Incident cases of diabetes in youth aged 0-17 years were identified from the Chicago Childhood Diabetes Registry between 1994 and 2003. Those with a type 2 diabetes-like clinical course or related indicators were classified as non-type 1 diabetic; the remaining cases were considered to have type 1 diabetes.


RESULTS
Compared with stable diversity neighborhoods, significant associations for type 1 diabetes were found for younger children residing in emerging low-income neighborhoods (relative risk 0.56 [95% CI 0.36-0.90]) and older children residing in emerging high-income neighborhoods (1.52 [1.17-1.98]). For non-type 1 diabetes, older youth residing in desertification neighborhoods were at increased risk (1.47 [1.09-1.99]).


CONCLUSIONS
Neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics in Chicago may be associated with the risk of diabetes in youth.
Grigsby-Toussaint
Diana S
DS
Department of Kinesiology and Community Health and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA. dgrigs1@illinois.edu
Lipton
Rebecca
R
Chavez
Noel
N
Handler
Arden
A
Johnson
Timothy P
TP
Kubo
Jessica
J
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D044383:Black People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012111:Residence Characteristics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012306:Risk; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001741:Black or African American