Chromosomal and genomic changes in lung cancer.
Lung cancer is a complex spectrum of diseases characterized by extensive genomic instability, which can be detected among both histological subtypes and different foci within a tumor. Conventional and cutting edge investigative technologies have uncovered scores of genomic changes in individual specimens that have been used to characterize specific molecular subtypes. Oncogenes with predominant roles in lung cancer include EGFR, MYC and RAS family members, PIK3CA, NKX2-1 and ALK; tumor suppressor genes include TP53, RB1, CDKN2, and a cluster of genes mapped at 3p. MicroRNA regulators also have been linked to lung cancer. The functional role of the recurrent genomic changes in lung tumors has been explored, which has led to a better understanding of cell growth, differentiation and apoptotic pathways. Additionally, this knowledge has supported the development of novel therapeutics and translational tools for selection of patients for personalized therapy.
Varella-Garcia
Marileila
M
Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Colorado Denver, Anschutz Medical Center, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO, USA. marileila.garcia@ucdenver.edu
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics
D035683:MicroRNAs