Relation of oxidative biomarkers, vascular dysfunction, and progression of coronary artery calcium.
The relation between oxidative stress and coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression is currently not well described. The present study evaluated the relation among the biomarkers of oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and CAC. Sixty asymptomatic subjects participated in a randomized trial evaluating the effect of aged garlic extract plus supplement versus placebo and underwent measurement of CAC. The postcuff deflation temperature-rebound index of vascular function was assessed using a reactive hyperemia procedure. The content of oxidized phospholipids (OxPL) on apolipoprotein B-100 (apoB) particles detected by antibody E06 (OxPL/apoB), lipoprotein(a), IgG and IgM autoantibodies to malondialdehyde-low-density lipoprotein and apoB-immune complexes were measured at baseline and after 12 months of treatment. CAC progression was defined as an annual increase in CAC >15%. Vascular dysfunction was defined according to the tertiles of temperature-rebound at 1 year of follow-up. From baseline to 12 months, a strong inverse correlation was noted between an increase in CAC scores and increases in temperature-rebound (r(2) = -0.90), OxPL/apoB (r(2) = -0.85), and lipoprotein(a) (r(2) = -0.81) levels (p <0.0001 for all). The improvement in temperature-rebound correlated positively with the increases in OxPL/apoB (r(2) = 0.81, p = 0.0008) and lipoprotein(a) (r(2) = 0.79, p = 0.0001) but inversely with autoantibodies to malondialdehyde-low-density lipoprotein and apoB-immune complexes. The greatest CAC progression was noted with the lowest tertiles of increases in temperature-rebound, OxPL/apoB and lipoprotein(a) and the highest tertiles of increases in IgG and IgM malondialdehyde-low-density lipoprotein. In conclusion, the present results have documented a strong relation among markers of oxidative stress, vascular dysfunction, and progression of coronary atherosclerosis. Increases in OxPL/apoB and lipoprotein(a) correlated strongly with increases in vascular function and predicted a lack of progression of CAC.
Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA.
Naser
N
Ahmadi
Sotirios
S
Tsimikas
Fereshteh
F
Hajsadeghi
Anila
A
Saeed
Vahid
V
Nabavi
Manzoor A
MA
Bevinal
Jigar
J
Kadakia
Ferdinand
F
Flores
Ramin
R
Ebrahimi
Matthew J
MJ
Budoff
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100 / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005737:Garlic; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011859:Radiography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012881:Skin Temperature; D013817:Thermography / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014803:Vitamin B Complex / Q000627:therapeutic use
D053299:Apolipoprotein B-100; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D010743:Phospholipids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014803:Vitamin B Complex; D002118:Calcium