Determination of the steroid hormone levels in water samples by dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction with solidification of a floating organic drop followed by high-performance liquid chromatography.
In this study, the steroid hormone levels in river and tap water samples were determined by using a novel dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction method based on the solidification of a floating organic drop (DLLME-SFO). Several parameters were optimized, including the type and volume of the extraction and dispersive solvents, extraction time, and salt effect. DLLME-SFO is a fast, cheap, and easy-to-use method for detecting trace levels of samples. Most importantly, this method uses less-toxic solvent. The correlation coefficient of the calibration curve was higher than 0.9991. The linear range was from 5 to 1000 microg L(-1). The spiked environmental water samples were analyzed using DLLME-SFO. The relative recoveries ranged from 87% to 116% for river water (which was spiked with 4 microg L(-1) for E1, 3 microg L(-1) for E2, 4 microg L(-1) for EE2 and 9 microg L(-1) for E3) and 89% to 102% for tap water (which was spiked with 6 microg L(-1) for E1, 5 microg L(-1) for E2, 6 microg L(-1) for EE2 and 10 microg L(-1) for E3). The detection limits of the method ranged from 0.8 to 2.7 microg L(-1) for spiked river water and 1.4 to 3.1 microg L(-1) for spiked tap water. The methods precision ranged from 8% to 14% for spiked river water and 7% to 14% for spiked tap water.
Chang
Chu-Chi
CC
Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
Huang
Shang-Da
SD
D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis*; D004964:Estriol / Q000032:analysis*; D004970:Estrone / Q000032:analysis*; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000032:analysis*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis
D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004970:Estrone; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D004958:Estradiol; D004964:Estriol