HPA-suppressive effects of aqueous clobetasol propionate in the treatment of patients with oral lichen planus.
BACKGROUND
Oral topical corticosteroids have potential to produce inhibition of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.


OBJECTIVE
To assess whether clobetasol propionate (CP) in aqueous solution causes HPA inhibition.


METHODS
Sixty-two patients with oral lichen planus or oral lichenoid lesions presenting with severe lesions were treated with topical oral 0.05% CP plus 100,000 IU/cm(3) nystatin in aqueous solution. Initial treatment of three 5-min mouthwashes (10 mL) daily was reduced, when the response was deemed complete or excellent, to a maintenance treatment of one 5-min mouthwash on alternate days for 6 months; treatment was then withdrawn and patients were followed up for 1 year. HPA function was assessed by plasma cortisol measurement and adrenocorticotropin (ACTH) stimulation at the end of the initial and maintenance treatment regimens.


RESULTS
The HPA axis was more frequently inhibited during initial (53/62; 85.5%) vs. maintenance (2/49; 4%) regimens of aqueous CP.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with morning plasma cortisol levels between 3 and 18 microg/dL, a normal result for the ACTH stimulation test only moderately reduces the possibility that a patient has secondary adrenal insufficiency. This can be considered a minor limitation in our study, as only three patients required additional assessment with the ACTH stimulation test.


CONCLUSIONS
Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal inhibition is substantial during initial treatment with aqueous CP three times daily.
Gonzalez-Moles
M A
MA
Oral Medicine Department, School of Dentistry, Granada University, Granada, Spain. magonzal@ugr.es
Scully
C
C
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002990:Clobetasol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000187:drug effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002990:Clobetasol