Mechanisms linking obesity, chronic kidney disease, and fatty liver disease: the roles of fetuin-A, adiponectin, and AMPK.
Obesity is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Recent studies identify mechanisms common to both diseases linked through an interorgan communication orchestrated by fetuin-A and adiponectin. In liver and kidney, the energy sensor 5'-AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) is pivotal to directing podocytes and hepatocytes to compensatory and potentially deleterious pathways, leading to inflammatory and profibrotic cascades culminating in end-organ damage. Regulation of these early upstream pathways may provide new therapeutic targets for these increasingly common sequelae of obesity.
Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego/Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, CA 92093-0711, USA.
Joachim H
JH
Ix
Kumar
K
Sharma
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D060749:alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein
C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; C556354:AHSG protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D001798:Blood Proteins; D060749:alpha-2-HS-Glycoprotein; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases