Constitutive activation of smoothened leads to female infertility and altered uterine differentiation in the mouse.
Previous work has identified Indian hedgehog (Ihh) as a major mediator of progesterone signaling during embryo implantation. Ihh acts through its downstream effector smoothened (Smo) to activate the GLI family of transcription factors. In order to gain a better understanding of Ihh action during embryo implantation, we expressed a Cre-recombinase-dependent constitutively activated SMO in the murine uterus using the Pgr(tm2(cre)Lyd) (PR(cre)) mouse model [Pgr(tm2(cre)Lyd+)Gt(ROSA)26Sor(tm1(Smo/EYFP)Amc)(+) (PR(cre/+)SmoM2(+))]. Female PR(cre/+)SmoM2(+) mice were infertile. They exhibited normal serum progesterone levels and normal ovulation, but their ova failed to be fertilized in vivo and their uterus failed to undergo the artificially induced decidual response. Examination of the PR(cre/+)SmoM2(+) uteri revealed numerous features such as uterine hypertrophy, the presence of a stratified luminal epithelial cell layer, a reduced number of uterine glands, and an endometrial stroma that had lost its normal morphologic characteristics. Microarray analysis of 3-mo-old PR(cre/+)SmoM2(+) uteri demonstrated a chondrocytic signature and confirmed that constitutive activation of PR(cre/+)SmoM2(+) increased extracellular matrix production. Thus, constitutive activation of Smo in the mouse uterus alters postnatal uterine differentiation which interferes with early pregnancy. These results provide new insight into the role of Hedgehog signaling during embryo implantation.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, The Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Heather L
HL
Franco
Kevin Y
KY
Lee
Cory A
CA
Rubel
Chad J
CJ
Creighton
Lisa D
LD
White
Russell R
RR
Broaddus
Michael T
MT
Lewis
John P
JP
Lydon
Jae-Wook
JW
Jeong
Francesco J
FJ
DeMayo
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D003656:Decidua / Q000254:growth & development; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000378:metabolism*; D055442:Metabolome; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000502:physiology*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C491022:Smo protein, mouse; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D011374:Progesterone