Methods in mammalian autophagy research.
Autophagy has been implicated in many physiological and pathological processes. Accordingly, there is a growing scientific need to accurately identify, quantify, and manipulate the process of autophagy. However, as autophagy involves dynamic and complicated processes, it is often analyzed incorrectly. In this Primer, we discuss methods to monitor autophagy and to modulate autophagic activity, with a primary focus on mammalian macroautophagy.
Mizushima
Noboru
N
Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. nmizu.phy2@tmd.ac.jp
Yoshimori
Tamotsu
T
Levine
Beth
B
D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D006801:Humans; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000378:metabolism