Potential biomarkers in saliva for oral squamous cell carcinoma.
Sensitive and reliable early diagnostic markers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remain unavailable. Early identification of recurrence for OSCC is also a challenge. Unlike the other deep cancers, OSCC is located in oral cavity. The DNA, RNA, and protein derived from the living cancer cells and inflammatory cells then can be conveniently obtained from saliva. High-throughput genomic and proteomic approaches have been carried out to identify the potential biomarkers in body fluids such as saliva and blood for diagnosis and prognosis of OSCC. This article reviewed the recently identified biomarkers from saliva for OSCC. In addition, the biomarkers which have been correlated with OSCC tumor malignancy by molecular pathology analysis are also described. Finally, the potential biomarkers that have been demonstrated to associate with the malignant OSCC may be used for salivary screening for high-risk patients are suggested. This article may help to identify the potential biomarkers for screening and the molecular pathology analysis for high-risk patients of OSCC. Effective screening to identify high-risk patients can allow the clinician to provide the appropriate treatment without delay and to reduce the recurrence of OSCC.
School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Jia-Yo
JY
Wu
Chen
C
Yi
Ho-Ren
HR
Chung
Duen-Jeng
DJ
Wang
Wen-Chien
WC
Chang
Sheng-Yang
SY
Lee
Che-Tung
CT
Lin
Yueh-Chao
YC
Yang
Wei-Chung Vivian
WC
Yang
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000517:prevention & control; D040901:Proteomics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012333:RNA, Messenger