Evaluation of fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography with computed tomography for staging of urothelial carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the role of (18) F-fluorodeoxyglusose positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET), combined with computed tomography (CT) and forced diuresis, in the staging and follow-up of urothelial carcinoma (UC).


METHODS
We recruited 44 patients with muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) before radical cystectomy (RC), 19 under follow-up after RC and seven after systemic chemotherapy. For those who had RC, histopathology was used as the reference standard to compare the sensitivity and specificity of FDG-PET/CT and standard CT in detecting UBC and pelvic lymph node metastasis. Furthermore, 36 patients with ≥ 6 months of follow-up imaging were considered to describe the progression of UC and extrapelvic positive FDG-PET/CT images.


RESULTS
For the detection of primary UBC, FDG-PET/CT was slightly more sensitive than CT (85% vs 77%) but less specific (25% vs 50%). For the detection of pelvic node metastasis FDG-PET/CT was more sensitive than CT (57% vs 33%) with a specificity of 100% for both imaging techniques. In 20 patients, extrapelvic FDG-PET/CT images showed suspected disease at the first evaluation. UC progressed in nine of the 10 patients who had synchronous multiple PET-positive retroperitoneal or mediastinal lymph nodes, and in only two of the nine with unique hyperactive lesions in the lung. FDG-PET/CT also detected a pT1G3 UC of the renal pelvis and all bone metastases detected by bone scintigraphy.


CONCLUSIONS
FDG-PET/CT could replace standard CT and bone scintigraphy in the presurgical staging and monitoring of patients with UC after surgery or chemotherapy.
Lodde
Michele
M
Department of Urology, Hotel Dieu de Quebec-Laval University Quebec, QC, Canada.
Lacombe
Louis
L
Friede
Juan
J
Morin
Francis
F
Saourine
Alexandre
A
Fradet
Yves
Y
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18