Cornel iridoid glycoside inhibits inflammation and apoptosis in brains of rats with focal cerebral ischemia.
The capacity of cornel iridoid glycoside (CIG) to suppress the manifestations of ischemic stroke was investigated. CIG was administered to rats by the intragastric route once daily for 7 days. Focal cerebral ischemia was induced by 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by 24 h of reperfusion. In non-treated rats large infarct areas were observed within 24 h of reperfusion. Examination of the ischemic cerebral cortex revealed microglia and astrocyte activation, increased interleukin-1beta (IL-1 beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) concentrations, increased DNA fragmentation in the ischemia penumbra, elevated Bax expression, increased caspase-3 cleavage, and decreased Bcl-2 expression. Pretreatment with CIG decreased the infarct area, DNA fragmentation, IL-1beta and TNF-alpha concentrations, microglia and astrocyte activation, Bax expression, and caspase-3 cleavage while increasing Bcl-2 expression. CIG exerts anti-neuroinflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects which should prove beneficial for prevention or treatment of stroke.
Ya
Bai-liu
BL
Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Diseases of Ministry of Education, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, 45 Chang-chun Street, 100053, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Li
Chun-yang
CY
Zhang
Lan
L
Wang
Wen
W
Li
Lin
L
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D029768:Cornus / Q000737:chemistry; D006027:Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D039823:Iridoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D006027:Glycosides; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D039823:Iridoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha