Fatty-acid binding protein 4 gene variants and childhood obesity: potential implications for insulin sensitivity and CRP levels.
BACKGROUND
Obesity increases the risk for insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in both adults and children. FABP4 is a member of the intracellular lipid-binding protein family that is predominantly expressed in adipose tissue, and plays an important role in maintaining glucose and lipid homeostasis. The purpose of this study was to measure FABP4 plasma levels, assess FABP4 allelic variants, and explore potential associations with fasting glucose and insulin levels in young school-age children with and without obesity.


METHODS
A total of 309 consecutive children ages 5-7 years were recruited. Children were divided based on BMI z score into Obese (OB; BMI z score >1.65) and non-obese (NOB). Fasting plasma glucose, lipids, insulin, hsCRP, and FABP4 levels were measured. HOMA was used as correlate of insulin sensitivity. Four SNPs of the human FABP4 gene (rs1051231, rs2303519, rs16909233 and rs1054135), corresponding to several critical regions of the encoding FABP4 gene sequence were genotyped.


RESULTS
Compared to NOB, circulating FABP4 levels were increased in OB, as were LDL, hsCRP and HOMA. FABP4 levels correlated with BMI, and also contributed to the variance of HOMA and hsCRP, but not serum lipids. The frequency of rs1054135 allelic variant was increased in OB, and was associated with increased FABP4 levels, while the presence of rs16909233 variant allele, although similar in OB and NOB, was associated with increased HOMA values.


CONCLUSIONS
Childhood obesity is associated with higher FABP4 levels that may promote cardiometabolic risk. The presence of selective SNPs in the FABP4 gene may account for increased risk for insulin resistance or systemic inflammation in the context of obesity.
Khalyfa
Abdelnaby
A
Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children's Hospital, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Bhushan
Bharat
B
Hegazi
Mohamed
M
Kim
Jinkwan
J
Kheirandish-Gozal
Leila
L
Bhattacharjee
Rakesh
R
Capdevila
Oscar Sans
OS
Gozal
David
D
D000483:Alleles; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
C493410:FABP4 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein