Disclosure of donor conception in single-mother families: views and concerns.
BACKGROUND
Despite the prevalence of donor conception and the worldwide trend towards openness, there has been little research on whether parents do disclose the nature of the conception to their donor-conceived children. This analysis focuses on whether and how older Israeli single mothers disclose to their children that were conceived using a donor and whether the donor conception causes concern for them.


METHODS
Sixty-two single mothers of donor-conceived children in Israel were asked whether they would like to know the identity of the sperm donor; whether they would like their children to know the identity of the sperm donor when reaching the age of 18, whether they disclosed the circumstances of conception to their children or intend to do so in the future; and whether the sperm donation causes concern to them.


RESULTS
The mothers were divided on whether they wanted to know the identity of the sperm donor. However, less than one-fifth of them did not want their children to have identifying information about the genetic father at the age of 18. About two-thirds of the mothers had not yet disclosed the donor conception to their children but intended to do so in the future. A total of 77.4% of the mothers reported being concerned about the donor conception: for the psychosocial development of the child, fear of genetic disorders, fear of incest and lack of certainty of access to genetic information when needed.


CONCLUSIONS
The tendency to postpone the disclosure reveals the difficulty of these mothers in finding the appropriate way of sharing the information about the conception with their children. Given the importance attached to the age of disclosure and the mothers' concern for the psychosocial development of their children, more professional counselling in this area is warranted.
Paul Baerwald School of Social Work and Social Welfare, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel. mslanda@mscc.huji.ac.il
Ruth
R
Landau
Ruth
R
Weissenberg
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D030881:Disclosure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007086:Illegitimacy / Q000523:psychology*; D007316:Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous / Q000523:psychology*; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires