Biomarkers of systemic inflammation and risk of incident, symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from the prostate cancer prevention trial.
The authors conducted a nested case-control study of serum inflammatory markers and risk of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), using data from the placebo arm of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (1993-2003). Incident BPH (n = 676) was defined as treatment, report of 2 International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) values >14, or 2 increases of > or = 5 from baseline values with at least one value > or = 12. Controls (n = 683) were men who reported no BPH treatment or IPSS values >7 over the 7-year trial. Baseline serum was analyzed for C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor alpha (monomer), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II (sTNF-RI and sTNF-RII), interleukin 6, and interferon gamma. Controlled for age and race, a high C-reactive protein concentration was associated with increased BPH risk (for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, odds ratio (OR) = 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04, 1.88); this was attenuated after control for body mass index (OR = 1.30, 95% CI: 0.95, 1.75). Low sTNF-RII and high interleukin 6 concentrations were associated with increased BPH risk (for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, sTNF-RII: OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.82; interleukin 6: OR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.32, 2.42); these associations were only in men aged <65 years. Results suggest that systemic inflammation or lower levels of soluble receptors that bind inflammatory cytokines increase BPH risk.
Schenk
Jeannette M
JM
Schenk, Cancer Prevention Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA. jschenk@fhcrc.org
Kristal
Alan R
AR
Neuhouser
Marian L
ML
Tangen
Catherine M
CM
White
Emily
E
Lin
Daniel W
DW
Kratz
Mario
M
Thompson
Ian M
IM
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002097:C-Reactive Protein