Enhanced heavy metal phytoextraction by Echinochloa crus-galli using root exudates.
Heavy metal uptake and growth by Echinochloa crus-galli were investigated to determine if the use of root exudates enhanced phytoextraction. E. crus-galli were planted in soils contaminated with 600 mg kg(-1) Pb, 40 mg kg(-1) Cd and 100 mg kg(-1) Cu. E. crus-galli were then cultivated with and without root exudates from Belamcanda chinensis for 4 weeks. The growth of E. crus-galli in metal-contaminated soils that contained root exudates showed increased roots and shoots when compared to E. crus-galli grown without root exudates (p<0.05). In addition, the accumulation of metal in E. crus-galli that was cultivated with the root exudates was two- to fourfold higher than in plants that were cultivated without the root exudates. The exchangeable soil fraction in the rhizosphere of E. crus-galli grown with root exudates was greater than when E. crus-galli was grown without root exudates. Finally, the BCF and TF values of Cd, Cu and Pb were greater when the root exudates were added (p<0.05). Taken together, these results indicate that root exudates can be used as a natural chelating agent to enhance phytoextraction.
Ewha Womans University, Seodaemungu Seoul, South Korea.
Sunghyun
S
Kim
Hyewon
H
Lim
Insook
I
Lee
D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D031747:Echinochloa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D027621:Iridaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D038821:Mycorrhizae; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*
D002614:Chelating Agents; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012989:Soil Pollutants