Polyphenols, including the new Peapolyphenols A-C, from pea root exudates stimulate Orobanche foetida seed germination.
Three new polyphenols, named peapolyphenols A-C, together with an already well-known polyphenol and a chalcone (1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-propanone and 1-(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propenone) were isolated from pea root exudates. They were found to strongly stimulate Orobanche and Phelipanche species seed germination. Interestingly, only peapolyphenol A, 1,3,3-substituted propanone, and 1,3-disubstituted propenone had specific stimulatory activity on O. foetida, excluding any other Orobanche or Phelipanche species tested. This species specificity is relevant, as O. foetida does not respond to the synthetic strigolactone analogue GR24, commonly used as a standard for germination assays. As characterized by spectroscopic methods, peapolyphenols A-C proved to be differently functionalized polyphenols with hydroxy and methoxy groups on both the aromatic rings and the propyl chain.
Evidente
Antonio
A
Dipartimento di Scienze del Suolo, della Pianta, dell'Ambiente e delle Produzioni Animali, Universita di Napoli Federico II, Via Universita 100, 80055 Portici, Italy.
Cimmino
Alessio
A
Fernández-Aparicio
Monica
M
Andolfi
Anna
A
Rubiales
Diego
D
Motta
Andrea
A
D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D031672:Orobanche / Q000196:embryology*; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols