Neuroprotective effects of cyanidin 3-O-glucopyranoside on amyloid beta (25-35) oligomer-induced toxicity.
Recent studies suggest that the oligomers of short amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides such as Abeta(25-35) as well as full-length Abeta peptides (i.e. Abeta(1-40) and Abeta(1-42) peptides) are responsible for synaptic dysfunction and/or neuronal loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Among antioxidant phytochemicals derived from fruit and vegetables, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (Cy-3G) has recently gained attention for its neuroprotective properties. In this in vitro study, we demonstrated that Cy-3G can inhibit Abeta(25-35) spontaneous aggregation into oligomers and their neurotoxicity in human neuronal SH-SY5Y cells. In particular, the pre- and co-treatment of SH-SY5Y cells with Cy-3G reduced the neuronal death, in terms of apoptosis and necrosis, elicited by Abeta(25-35) oligomers. Cy-3G also shows the interesting ability to prevent the early events leading to neuronal death such as the Abeta(25-35) oligomer binding to plasma membrane and the subsequent membrane integrity loss. Taken together, these findings suggest that Cy-3G may be considered a phytochemical with neuroprotective properties useful in finding potential drug or food supplements for the therapy of AD.
Tarozzi
Andrea
A
Department of Pharmacology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48, 40126 Bologna, Italy. andrea.tarozzi@unibo.it <andrea.tarozzi@unibo.it>
Morroni
Fabiana
F
Merlicco
Adriana
A
Bolondi
Cecilia
C
Teti
Gabriella
G
Falconi
Mirella
M
Cantelli-Forti
Giorgio
G
Hrelia
Patrizia
P
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001704:Biopolymers; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D000872:Anthocyanins; D001704:Biopolymers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside