title: Elevated ratio of urinary metabolites of thromboxane and prostacyclin is associated with adverse cardiovascular events in ADAPT.
abstract: Results from prevention trials, including the Alzheimer's Disease Anti-inflammatory Prevention Trial (ADAPT), have fueled discussion about the cardiovascular (CV) risks associated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). We tested the hypotheses that (i) adverse CV events reported among ADAPT participants (aged 70 years and older) are associated with increased ratio of urine 11-dehydrothromboxane B(2) (Tx-M) to 2'3-donor-6-keto-PGF1 (PGI-M) attributable to NSAID treatments; (ii) coincident use of aspirin (ASA) would attenuate NSAID-induced changes in Tx-M/PGI-M ratio; and (iii) use of NSAIDs and/or ASA would not alter urine or plasma concentrations of F(2)-isoprostanes (IsoPs), in vivo biomarkers of free radical damage. We quantified urine Tx-M and PGI-M, and urine and plasma F(2)-IsoPs from 315 ADAPT participants using stable isotope dilution assays with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, and analyzed these data by randomized drug assignment and self-report compliance as well as ASA use. Adverse CV events were significantly associated with higher urine Tx-M/PGI-M ratio, which seemed to derive mainly from lowered PGI-M. Participants taking ASA alone had reduced urine Tx-M/PGI-M compared to no ASA or NSAID; however, participants taking NSAIDs plus ASA did not have reduced urine Tx-M/PGI-M ratio compared to NSAIDs alone. Neither NSAID nor ASA use altered plasma or urine F(2)-IsoPs. These data suggest a possible mechanism for the increased risk of CV events reported in ADAPT participants assigned to NSAIDs, and suggest that the changes in the Tx-M/PGI-M ratio was not substantively mitigated by coincident use of ASA in individuals 70 years or older.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America. tmontine@uw.edu
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Montine
authors.forename: Joshua A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sonnen
authors.forename: Ginger
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Milne
authors.forename: Laura D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: John C S
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Breitner
mesh_terms: D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha / Q000652:urine*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000652:urine*; D000068579:Celecoxib; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D009288:Naproxen; D015121:6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha; C049235:11-dehydro-thromboxane B2; D000068579:Celecoxib; D001241:Aspirin