Risk factors of fetal macrosomia: role of maternal nutrition.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effect of maternal diet during pregnancy on the risk of delivering a large for gestational baby (macrosome).


METHODS
A food intake survey of 350 healthy pregnant Tunisian women, 52 in group macrosomia and 298 in group control. Only term (> or =37 completed Weeks of gestation) infants were included. All women in the study group completed food frequency questionnaires on their diet in the last 24 hours before delivery.


RESULTS
Frequency of foetal macrosomia was 15.8% (n=52). Pregravid maternal BMI >30 (OR = 3.06 [1.51-6.17]), prolonged term of pregnancy (> 41 weeks of gestation) (OR = 249 [1.04-5.88]) and the antecedent of a macrosomic delivery (OR = 6.53 [2.89-14.74]) were significantly associated with the risk of fetal macrosomia. The mean daily total energetic intakes, protein intakes and carbohydrate intakes were significantly higher in the macrosomia group than in the control group. However, with multivariate analysis after adjustment for term and Pregravid BMI, no significant correlation was found between nutrient intakes and risk of fetal macrosomia.


CONCLUSIONS
Maternal food intakes in the end of pregnancy are not a significant determinant of fetal macrosomia compared to maternal BMI, and term of pregnancy.
Denguezli
Walid
W
Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, University Hospital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisia.
Faleh
Raja
R
Fessi
Anissa
A
Yassine
Alaeddine
A
Hajjaji
Awatef
A
Laajili
Hayett
H
Sakouhi
Mohamed
M
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires