title: High levator myorraphy versus uterosacral ligament suspension for vaginal vault fixation: a prospective, randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our study compared high levator myorrhaphy (HLM) and uterosacral ligament suspension (USLS) for vaginal apex fixation from both an anatomical and functional point of view, and assessed the impact of surgery on quality of life (QoL) and sexuality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred twenty-nine patients with symptomatic stage >or=2 apical prolapse were randomized to USLS or HLM. Those patients who also needed cystocele repair additionally underwent an anterior prosthetic reinforcement. We defined as cure no prolapse of stage 2 or greater in any compartments according to the POP-Q system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correction of apical prolapse was observed in 96.6% of the HLM group and 98.3% of the USLS group. However, a persistent anterior wall prolapse occurred in 29.2% of the HLM group and in 35.4% of the USLS group. Both groups reported improvement in storage, voiding, and prolapse-related symptoms. Urodynamics of patients in the HLM group showed post-operative reduction in detrusor pressure at maximum flow and an increase in maximum flow. Both groups saw similar improvement in QoL. We did not encounter any serious side effects, except for nine cases of intraoperative ureteral occlusion following USLS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates similar efficacy of HLM and USLS for vaginal apex suspension; however, USLS has a higher incidence of complications involving the upper urinary tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urogynecology, S. Carlo-IDI Hospital, Rome, Italy. f.natale@idi.it
authors.forename: Franca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Natale
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Penna
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Padoa
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Agostini
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Panei
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cervigni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014599:Uterus