EPAS1 Is Required for Spermatogenesis in the Postnatal Mouse Testis.
Spermatogenesis, a process involving the differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells into mature spermatozoa, takes place throughout masculine life. A complex system in the testis, including endocrine signaling, physical interactions between germ and somatic cells, spermatocyte meiosis, and timely release of spermatozoa, controls this cycle. We demonstrate herein that decreased O(2) levels and Epas1 activation are critical components of spermatogenesis. Postnatal Epas1 ablation leads to male infertility, with reduced testis size and weight. While immature spermatogonia and spermatocytes are present in Epas1(Delta/Delta) testes, spermatid and spermatozoan numbers are dramatically reduced. This is not due to germ cell-intrinsic defects. Rather, Epas(Delta/Delta) Sertoli cells exhibit decreased ability to form tight junctions, thereby disrupting the blood-testis barrier necessary for proper spermatogenesis. Reduced numbers of tight junction complexes are due to decreased expression of multiple genes encoding tight junction proteins, including TJP1 (ZO1), TJP2 (ZO2), and occludin. Furthermore, Epas1(Delta/Delta) testes exhibit disrupted basement membranes surrounding the seminiferous tubules, causing the premature release of incompletely differentiated germ cells. We conclude that low O(2) levels in the male gonad regulate germ cell homeostasis in this organ via EPAS1.
Gruber
Michaela
M
Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Mathew
Lijoy K
LK
Runge
Anja C
AC
Garcia
Joseph A
JA
Simon
M Celeste
MC
D000818:Animals; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D001814:Blood-Testis Barrier / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D062793:Occludin; D009929:Organ Size; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D013087:Spermatids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013093:Spermatogonia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D062827:Zonula Occludens-2 Protein; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D062793:Occludin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D062827:Zonula Occludens-2 Protein; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1; C568986:Ocln protein, mouse; C569043:Tjp1 protein, mouse; C569047:Tjp2 protein, mouse