title: Protecting health care workers: a pandemic simulation based on Allegheny County.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices has identified health care workers (HCWs) as a priority group to receive influenza vaccine. Although the importance of HCW to the health care system is well understood, the potential role of HCW in transmission during an epidemic has not been clearly established.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a standard SIR (Susceptible-Infected-Recovered) framework similar to previously developed pandemic models, we developed an agent-based model (ABM) of Allegheny County, PA, that incorporates the key health care system features to simulate the spread of an influenza epidemic and its effect on hospital-based HCWs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our simulation runs found the secondary attack rate among unprotected HCWs to be approximately 60% higher (54.3%) as that of all adults (34.1%), which would result in substantial absenteeism and additional risk to HCW families. Understanding how a pandemic may affect HCWs, who must be available to treat infected patients as well as patients with other medical conditions, is crucial to policy makers' and hospital administrators' preparedness planning.
authors.affiliation: RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. pcc@rti.org
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cooley
authors.forename: Bruce Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cajka
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chasteen
authors.forename: Laxminarayana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ganapathi
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Wheaton
authors.forename: Diane K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Wagener
authors.forename: Donald S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Burke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines