title: Emotion modulates language production during covert picture naming.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that emotional content modulates the activity of several components of the event-related potentials during word comprehension. However, little is known about the impact of affective information on the different processing stages involved in word production. In the present study we aimed to investigate the influence of positive and negative emotions in phonological encoding, a process that have been shown to take place between 300 and 450 ms in previous studies. Participants performed letter searching in a picture naming task. It was found that grapheme monitoring in positive and negative picture names was associated with slower reaction times and enhanced amplitudes of a positive component around 400 ms as compared to monitoring letters in neutral picture names. We propose that this modulation reflects a disruption in phonological encoding processes as a consequence of the capture of attention by affective content. Grapheme monitoring in positive picture names also elicited higher amplitudes than letter searching in neutral image names in a positive component around 100 ms. This amplitude enhancement might be interpreted as a manifestation of the 'positive offset' during conceptual preparation processes. The results of a control experiment with a passive viewing task showed that both effects cannot be simply attributed to the processing of the emotional images per se. Overall, it seems that emotion modulates word production at several processing stages.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain. hinojosa@pluri.ucm.es
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hinojosa
authors.forename: Constantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Méndez-Bértolo
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carretié
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pozo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D009275:Names; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult