title: Comparison of dissolution properties of 2 enteric-coated formulations containing mycophenolate sodium: Myfortic vs Femulan.
abstract: Enteric-coated tablets containing mycophenolate sodium have been developed to reduce gastric toxicity. The objective of this study was to compare 2 enteric-coated formulations containing 360 mg of mycophenolate sodium: the innovator product, Myfortic, and an agent that recently became available in Mexico, Femulan. For both formulations, mycophenolate sodium content was within the 90% to 110% range of the label claimed dose, and no impurities were present as determined at high-performance liquid chromatography. Mycophenolate sodium release was assayed by applying the US Pharmacopeia apparatus 2 dissolution test at 2 different pH values (1.2 and 6.8) to mimic conditions in the stomach and the small intestine, respectively. At pH 1.2, mycophenolate sodium release was less than 2%, with respect to the label claimed dose, for both formulations. At pH 6.8, mean (range) mycophenolate sodium release with Myfortic was 104.9% (104.0%-105.6%), and with femulan was 62.3% (51.3%-67.7%); the difference between formulations achieved statistical significance (P = .04). Moreover, intratablet variability with the generic formulation was unacceptable. Variation between the highest and lowest drug release was 32.0% for Femulan, and 1.02% for Myfortic. Thus, it is likely that Femulan results in insufficient and irreproducible absorption of mycophenolate sodium in the small intestine, leading to inadequate immunosuppressive efficacy. It is concluded that Femulan and myfortic are not equivalent formulations. Furthermore, Femulan is not a suitable formulation for clinical use in organ transplantation because it does not meet pharmaceutical quality standards.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacologia, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados el Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esquivel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González-Ramírez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alberú
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gracida
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castañeda-Hernández
mesh_terms: D004355:Drug Stability; D016568:Drugs, Generic / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D008800:Mexico; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012964:Sodium; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated
chemical_list: D016568:Drugs, Generic; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D012996:Solutions; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D012964:Sodium; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid