title: Call of the wild: antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments.
abstract: Antibiotic-resistant pathogens are profoundly important to human health, but the environmental reservoirs of resistance determinants are poorly understood. The origins of antibiotic resistance in the environment is relevant to human health because of the increasing importance of zoonotic diseases as well as the need for predicting emerging resistant pathogens. This Review explores the presence and spread of antibiotic resistance in non-agricultural, non-clinical environments and demonstrates the need for more intensive investigation on this subject.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Bacteriology and Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Heather K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Donato
authors.forename: Helena Huimi
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Cloud-Hansen
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Handelsman
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004777:Environment; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014872:Water Movements; D014919:Wind
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents