title: Bilateral rectus femoris intramuscular haematoma following simultaneous quadriceps strain in an athlete: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bilateral rectus femoris haematoma following a simultaneous strain of the quadriceps muscles is a very rare condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 21-year-old Greek Caucasian female rowing athlete who was injured on both thighs. She complained of pain and inability to walk. Physical examination revealed tenderness over the thighs and restriction of knee movement. The result of a roentgenogram was normal, and there was no evidence of fracture or patella displacement. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed haematoma formation in both the rectus femoris muscles. The diameters of the left and right haematomas within the muscles were 6 cm and 5 cm, respectively. Therapeutic approaches included compression bandages, ice application, rest, elevation, and administration of muscle relaxant drugs. Active stretching and isometric exercises were performed after three days. The patient was able to walk using crutches two days after the initiation of treatment. On the seventh day, she had regained her full ability to walk without crutches. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs were administered on the fifth day and continued for one week. Six weeks later, she had pain-free function and the result of magnetic resonance imaging was normal. She was able to resume her training programme and two weeks later, she returned to her previous sport activities and competitions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are references in the literature regarding the occurrence of unilateral quadriceps haematomas following strain and bilateral quadriceps tendon rupture in athletes. Simultaneous bilateral rectus femoris haematomas after a muscle strain is a rare condition. It must be diagnosed early. The three phases of treatment are rest, knee mobilization, and restoration of quadriceps function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. lyrtzischristos@yahoo.gr.
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Natsis
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lyrtzis
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Noussios
authors.forename: Efthymia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papathanasiou
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anastasopoulos
authors.forename: Trifon
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Totlis