title: Evaluation of mediastinal lymph nodes with endobronchial ultrasound: the thoracic surgeon's perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of our study are to (1) describe our experience with endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of mediastinal lymph nodes and (2) illustrate how thoracic surgeons facile with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration have the potential to streamline patient care.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of all patients within our prospectively maintained database who underwent endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration of mediastinal lymph nodes by thoracic surgeons at the University of Minnesota from September 1, 2006, to April 15, 2009. We included patients in our analysis if (1) their malignancy diagnosis was based on immediate endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology or (2) they underwent a confirmatory procedure (ie, mediastinoscopy or thoracoscopy) that sampled the same mediastinal lymph node stations biopsied by endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration to verify normal, benign, or nondiagnostic endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration findings. We also collected data on additional diagnostic or therapeutic procedures performed in the same anesthesia setting as endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the study period, 192 patients underwent endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration; 98 patients met our inclusion criteria. We achieved a sensitivity of 87.9%, specificity of 97.4%, and diagnostic accuracy of 91.7%. For patients undergoing lung cancer staging, we sampled a mean of 3.0 +/- 0.9 mediastinal lymph node stations. Half of our patients underwent an additional diagnostic or therapeutic procedure at the time of endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thoracic surgeons who perform endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration can achieve excellent sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy while adhering to sound oncologic principles. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration adds to the thoracic surgeon's unique capacity to expedite a diagnostic workup and treatment, thereby streamlining patient care.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of General Thoracic and Foregut Surgery, University of Minnesota, MMC 207, 420 Delaware St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. andr0119@umn.edu
authors.forename: Rafael S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Shawn S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Groth
authors.forename: Natasha M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Rueth
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: D'Cunha
authors.forename: Stefan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pambuccian
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Maddaus
mesh_terms: D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008482:Mediastinum; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013903:Thoracic Surgery; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods