title: Estimation of sampling uncertainty for determination of pesticide residues in plant commodities.
abstract: In order to provide residue data for refining the estimated sampling uncertainty, a coordinated research program was initiated for performing field studies on residues in individual items of leafy vegetables, small and large crops. The trials were carried out in 13 countries with 3 small fruits, 5 large crops, 2 medium/large crops and 3 leafy vegetables. The 25 pesticide active ingredients applied represented the dicarboximide (3), organophosphorus (8), synthetic pyrethroids (5), phthalimides (2), organochlorine (1) and other types of pesticides (6). In addition, 11 supervised field trials were performed in grapes and lettuce by the pesticide manufacturers, and their results were provided for evaluation. The studies represented actual agriculture practice around the world, and provide reliable data for estimation of sampling uncertainty. Based on the 12346 residue data, the best estimate for the relative sampling uncertainty for composite samples, assuming sample size of 10 for small crops and leafy vegetables and 5 for large crops, with 95% confidence limits in brackets are: small commodities: 0.25 (0.20-0.29); Brassica leafy vegetables: 0.20 (0.16-0.24); large commodities: 0.33 (0.29-0.38).
authors.affiliation: Hungarian Food Safety Office, Budapest, Hungary. ambrusadr@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Arpád
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ambrus
mesh_terms: D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D010797:Phthalimides / Q000032:analysis; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis; D015983:Selection Bias; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010797:Phthalimides; D011722:Pyrethrins