title: Metabolic syndrome is not associated with increased mortality or cardiovascular risk in nondiabetic patients with a new diagnosis of coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk in the general population. Its prognostic implications are less well defined in patients with coronary artery disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We analyzed patients in the Duke Database for Cardiovascular Disease with a diagnosis of incident obstructive coronary artery disease. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was classified as a clinical history of DM, use of hypoglycemic drugs, or fasting glucose of >or=126 mg/dL. MetSyn was defined as having 3 of 5 characteristics: fasting glucose >or=100 and <126 mg/dL, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (men, <40 mg/dL; women, <50 mg/dL), triglycerides >150 mg/dL, blood pressure >or=130/85 mm Hg, or use of antihypertensive therapy, or body mass index >or=27. Death, myocardial infarction, or stroke was assessed at 6 months, 1 year, then annually. Cox proportional hazards models were generated to compare mortality and cardiovascular events between groups. The primary cohort consisted of 5744 patients; 1831 (31.9%) had DM, 2491 (43.4%) had MetSyn, and 1422 (24.7%) had no DM/MetSyn. Median follow-up was 5 years. Compared with no DM/MetSyn patients, DM patients had a higher adjusted risk for mortality (hazard ratio, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.28 to 1.69) but MetSyn patients did not (hazard ratio, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.81 to 1.08). Similar results were found for the combined end points of death or myocardial infarction, and death, myocardial infarction, or stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a population of consecutive patients with a new diagnosis of coronary artery disease by angiography, MetSyn without DM was not an independent predictor of mortality or cardiovascular events.
authors.affiliation: Swedish Heart and Vascular Institute, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98122, USA. john.petersenii@swedish.org
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yow
authors.forename: Wael
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: AlJaroudi
authors.forename: Linda K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Abhinav
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goyal
authors.forename: Darren K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Harrington
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D019992:Databases as Topic; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids