title: Microtensile dentin adhesive bond strength under different positive pulpal pressures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the in vitro dentin microtensile bond strength of established adhesives under different hydrostatic pulpal pressures.
  
  
  METHODS
  After IRB approval, 24 human extracted third molars were randomly distributed into four adhesive treatment groups: Clearfil-SE (self-etch, water-based), One-Step Plus (total-etch, acetone-based), Peak-SE (self-etch, ethanol-based) and PQ1 (total-etch, ethanol-based, Ultradent). Additionally each group was assigned to be restored under 0.0, 5.0 or 15.0 cm of water pressure. Coronal enamel was removed using 60, 240 & 320-grit wet sandpaper until only dentin was visible. After adhesive placement Filtek Z250 Universal Restorative was applied in five 1.0 mm increments. All teeth were tested at 24 hours for microtensile bond strength and examined for mode of failure under light microscopy (x40).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A two-factor ANOVA found a statistically significant effect for adhesives, water pressures and their interaction (P < or = 0.001). Post hoc pairwise comparisons of simple effects using the Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsch Range procedure showed Clearfil-SE stronger than the other adhesives at 5.0 and at 15.0 cm water pressure (P < 0.07). One-Step Plus was weaker than PQ1 and Peak-SE at 5.0 and at 15.0 cm water pressure (P < 0.07). PQ1 and Peak-SE at 0.0, 5.0 and 15.0 cm were not significantly different from each other (P > 0.07). For water pressure comparisons, Clearfil-SE was stronger at 0.0 vs. 5.0 cm water pressure (P < 0.07), while there was no difference for Clearfil-SE between 5.0 and 15.0 cm water pressure (P > 0.07). One-Step Plus was significantly stronger at 0.0 cm water pressure than at 5.0 and 15.0 cm water pressure (P < 0.07), and at 5.0 cm water pressure it was stronger than at 15.0 cm pressure (P < 0.07). Both Peak-SE and PQ1 at 0.0 water pressure were significantly stronger than at 5.0 and 15.0 cm water pressure. There was no difference in strength between 5.0 and 15.0 cm water pressure for either of the two adhesives (P > 0.07).
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 650 East 25th Street, Kansas City, Missouri 64108, USA. purkj@umkc.edu
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Purk
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dusevich
authors.forename: Jared
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Atwood
authors.forename: Becca Dawson
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Dustin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: Tyler
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tira
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000502:physiology*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C444701:Filtek Z250; C119199:PermaQuik; D019279:Resin Cements