title: Chilean experience in liver transplantation for acute liver failure in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute liver failure (ALF) in children is a life-threatening condition, associated with high mortality, and in almost one third of the cases, with no other therapeutic option than orthotopic liver transplant (OLT). The aim of this study was to present our experience with OLT for ALF in pediatric patients in Chile. Patients fulfilling the criteria for ALF who were transplanted in our centers were prospectively included in an excel Microsoft database. We analyzed demographics, etiology, surgical techniques, complications, and long-term results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1994 and 2009, we transplanted 52 pediatric patients with ALF. The most frequent known etiology was acute hepatitis A in 9 cases (18%), but in 26 cases (50%) it was impossible to determine the etiology. Thirty- one patients were males (63%). The overall mean age was 7.5 years and the mean weight, 28.1 kg. Thirty-five (67%) received a cadaveric graft. Among them in 18 cases (34%) the liver had to be reduced but 17 (33%) received whole livers. There were 17 (33%) recipients of living-related livers. Twenty-two patients needed reoperation, including 13 due to surgical complications (59%) and 9 (41%) as planned interventions. Ten patients were retransplanted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Actuarial survival of patients at 1 year was 80% and at 5 and 10 years, 72%. Graft survival at 1 year was 79%, at 5 years 69%, and at 10 years 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have reported a series of pediatric liver transplant patients due to ALF whose results were comparable to other reported series. Living donor transplantation for ALF should be considered and offers a low morbidity rate without mortality.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Trasplante Clinica Las Condes and the Hospital Luis Calvo, Santiago, Chile. muribem@clc.cl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Valverde
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Godoy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrario
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buckel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cavallieri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rebolledo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calabrán
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soto
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D002648:Child; D002677:Chile; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000150:complications; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D017114:Liver Failure, Acute / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000821:virology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000150:complications; D015996:Survival Rate; D014019:Tissue Donors