title: [Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting for hypospadias: an analysis of 251 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the experience in using the Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting for hypospadias.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 251 cases of middle and posterior hypospadias treated by the Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting from February 1997 to December 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The success rates of the Snodgrass technique, Duckett repair and bladder mucosa grafting were 80.3% (53/66) , 76% (19/25) and 78.9% (15/19) for middle hypospadias and 68. 3% (41/60) , 63.6% (14/22) and 88. 1% (52/59) for the posterior type without statistical significant differences (all P > 0.05). Bladder mucosa grafting showed a significantly higher success rate than the other two procedures in either one-stage or two-stage surgical repair of posterior hypospadias (P < 0.05). Duckett repair achieved a significantly higher rate of success in children under 14 years than in the older ones (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of the three surgical options, bladder mucosa grafting is the most suitable for posterior hypospadias, and Duckett repair is recommended for children under 14 years of age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Da
authors.forename: Zhi-Kang
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery