title: Interrelationship of cytokines, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis hormones, and psychosocial variables in the prediction of preterm birth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship of biological mediators (cytokines, stress hormones), psychosocial, obstetric history, and demographic factors in the early prediction of preterm birth (PTB) using a comprehensive logistic regression model incorporating diverse risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective case-control study, maternal serum biomarkers were quantified at 9-23 weeks' gestation in 60 women delivering at <37 weeks compared to 123 women delivering at term. Biomarker data were combined with maternal sociodemographic factors and stress data into regression models encompassing 22 preterm risk factors and 1st-order interactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among individual biomarkers, we found that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), interleukin-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were statistically significant predictors of PTB at all cutoff levels tested (75th, 85th, and 90th percentiles). We fit multifactor models for PTB prediction at each biomarker cutoff. Our best models revealed that MIF, CRP, risk-taking behavior, and low educational attainment were consistent predictors of PTB at all biomarker cutoffs. The 75th percentile cutoff yielded the best predicting model with an area under the ROC curve of 0.808 (95% CI 0.743-0.874).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our comprehensive models highlight the prominence of behavioral risk factors for PTB and point to MIF as a possible psychobiological mediator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. bpearce@emory.edu
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grove
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bonney
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bliwise
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dudley
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Schendel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thorsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000276:immunology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000276:immunology; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000523:psychology; D011584:Psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human; D006854:Hydrocortisone