An antiinflammatory dietary mix modulates inflammation and oxidative and metabolic stress in overweight men: a nutrigenomics approach.
BACKGROUND
Low-grade chronic inflammation in overweight subjects is thought to play an important role in disease development.


OBJECTIVE
It was hypothesized that specific dietary components are able to reduce low-grade inflammation as well as metabolic and oxidative stress.


METHODS
Dietary products [resveratrol, green tea extract, alpha-tocopherol, vitamin C, n-3 (omega-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids, and tomato extract] selected for their evidence-based antiinflammatory properties were combined and given as supplements to 36 healthy overweight men with mildly elevated plasma C-reactive protein concentrations in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study with treatment periods of 5 wk. Inflammatory and oxidative stress defense markers were quantified in plasma and urine. Furthermore, 120 plasma proteins, 274 plasma metabolites (lipids, free fatty acids, and polar compounds), and the transcriptomes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells and adipose tissue were quantified.


RESULTS
Plasma adiponectin concentrations increased by 7%, whereas C-reactive protein (principal inflammation marker) was unchanged. However, a multitude of subtle changes were detected by an integrated analysis of the "omics" data, which indicated modulated inflammation of adipose tissue, improved endothelial function, affected oxidative stress, and increased liver fatty acid oxidation.


CONCLUSIONS
An intervention with selected dietary products affected inflammatory processes, oxidative stress, and metabolism in humans, as shown by large-scale profiling of genes, proteins, and metabolites in plasma, urine, and adipose tissue. This trial was registered at clinical trials.gov as NCT00655798.
Bakker
Gertruud Cm
GC
TNO Quality of Life, Business Unit Biosciences, Zeist, The Netherlands. gertruud.bakker@tno.nl
van Erk
Marjan J
MJ
Pellis
Linette
L
Wopereis
Suzan
S
Rubingh
Carina M
CM
Cnubben
Nicole Hp
NH
Kooistra
Teake
T
van Ommen
Ben
B
Hendriks
Henk Fj
HF
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000178:diet therapy*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D054647:Nutrigenomics / Q000379:methods*; D050177:Overweight / Q000178:diet therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
D052242:Adiponectin; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002097:C-Reactive Protein