title: Allergic contact dermatitis caused by the blue pigment VINAMON® Blue BX FW - a phthalocyanine blue in a vinyl glove.
abstract: A 44-year-old metalworker suffered from severe hand eczema in spite of treatment with corticosteroid ointments. He had been using protective cotton gloves with blue PVC anti-slip dots on the finger tips. On clinical examination, the backs of both hands were erythematous and thickened while the finger tips showed vesicles. There was a positive patch test reaction to the blue PVC dots of an unworn cotton glove at 72, 96, 120 hours. To identify the causative chemicals, we carried out further patch tests using ingredients of the glove and cupric sulfate. The patient reacted to the blue dye VYNAMON(®) Blue BX FW (PB 15) at two concentrations - 10% at 72 and 96 hours, and 50% at 48 and 72 hours. This dye is a very strong and brilliant blue with red-copper tones and resistant to fire and weathering. The cupric-phthalocyanine complexes are used as pigments in cosmetics (e. g. CI 74160, 74180, 74260). To the best of our knowledge, no allergic reactions to this dye have been described, particularly not in gloves.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Germany. sweimann@uos.de
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weimann
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skudlik
authors.forename: Swen Malte
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: John
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017575:Gloves, Protective / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D014753:Vinyl Compounds
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; C015445:copper phthalocyanine