title: Laryngeal cryptococcosis: Clinical presentation and treatment of a rare cause of hoarseness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Laryngeal cryptococcosis is rare, with few reported cases in the literature. We present current investigation and treatment recommendations for this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A structured literature review; additional cases and expert opinion are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Localized laryngeal cryptococcal infection most commonly presents with persisting hoarseness. Clinical suspicion of the disease is required for accurate diagnosis, with treatment based on the patient's immune status. Early microbiological advice and adequate follow-up is recommended to ensure disease resolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated laryngeal cryptococcosis is a rare presentation of fungal infection. It is easily treated and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with persisting hoarseness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. gordon.ent@gmail.com
authors.forename: Dan H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Nicholas W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Stow
authors.forename: H Manisha
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yapa
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bova
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marriott
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006685:Hoarseness / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007827:Laryngitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged