title: The rate of organ and tissue donation after brain death: causes of donation failure in a Romanian university city.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the rate of organ donation after brain death in 2 tertiary care medical centers of a Romanian city, the reasons for donation exclusion (donors or organs), and identification of potential strategies for improvement.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study retrospectively evaluated potential organ donors with brain death (BD) who were identified between January 2006 and June 2009 in an university city of Romania. The potential donors were considered patients with severe intracranial pathology and clinical signs of brain death who were reported to the regional transplant team. The BD declaration was completed according to the Law of Transplant Procurement and Management in Romania: clinical signs of brain stem death, apnea test, and flat EEG, criteria that must be fulfilled twice at a 6 hour interval. According to Romanian law, family consent is mandatory for organ harvesting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 35 potential donors, of whom 22 had a declaration of BD. Failure of potential donors to be declared BD was caused by positive viral serology (n = 7), improvement in clinical status (n = 2), sudden cardiac arrest (n = 2), and refusal of physician in charge (n = 2). Among the 22 with a BD declaration, organ harvesting was performed in only 12 cases due to family refusal (n = 10). In 4 cases the planned organ harvesting was aborted owing to unexpected intraoperative findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Factors that generate the low rate of organ procurement include local organizational particularities, a high rate of viral infections, poor education, (both of lay persons and of medical personnel), restrictive criteria for BD declaration and the mandatory need for family approval.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of donation in this university city of Romania is still low. Several strategies have been identified to improve the rate: better identification of potential donors, better management, and education of the public and of health care personnel.
authors.affiliation: University of Medicine and Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Iasi, Romania. grigorasioana@yahoo.com
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Grigoraş
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blaj
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Florin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chelarescu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Craus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neagu
mesh_terms: D001926:Brain Death; D002423:Cause of Death; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012383:Romania; D013030:Spain; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology