title: Expression of the Fas-ligand gene in ejaculated sperm from adolescents with and without varicocele.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess FasL mRNA levels in ejaculated sperm from adolescent patients with and without varicocele.
  
  
  METHODS
  Semen was obtained by masturbation following 2-4 days of ejaculatory abstinence, from 14 adolescents with varicocele grades II and III (study group), and 20 adolescents without varicocele (control group). Seminal analysis was done according to World Health Organization guidelines and morphology using Kruger's strict criteria. The Fas-ligand (FasL) gene expression was performed using reverse transcription and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) analysis, according to the expression level of the housekeeping cyclophilin A gene. A Student's t-test was applied to compare the groups, and Spearman's rank test in order to verify possible correlations (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quantitative RQ-PCR demonstrated that the expression of FasL mRNA in sperm from the varicocele group was higher than in the control group. Also, sperm concentration was higher in the controls, when compared to the varicocele group. When submitted to correlation analysis, adolescents with varicocele presented a correlation between sperm concentration and FasL gene expression levels (r = -0.470), not observed in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results allow us to conclude that, in adolescents with varicocele presenting lower sperm concentration, FasL mRNA levels are higher than in adolescents without varicocele.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, Sao Paulo Federal University, Sao Paulo, Brazil. paula.tdg@gmail.com
authors.forename: Paula Toni
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Del Giudice
authors.forename: Samira Barbosa
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Marcos Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cenedeze
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Silva
authors.forename: Ricardo Pimenta
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Bertolla
authors.forename: Agnaldo Pereira
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Cedenho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017209:Apoptosis; D003199:Computer Systems; D004542:Ejaculation; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger