title: In-vitro results of rapid maxillary expansion on adults compared with finite element simulations.
abstract: This study was mainly performed to investigate the effects of high maxillary expansion forces on the skull with fresh and thiel-fixed human skulls. The maxillary suture was not weakened except in one experiment. This study compares the strain measured on the zygomatic process of the skull with the results of a finite element model generated for this purpose. An increasing transversal force was applied on the alveolar process (teeth) until rupture. Strain on the zygomatic process, maxilla displacement and the expanding forces were registered. The results of this study show linear material behaviour of the skull before rupture. The highest stress during the experiments and FE simulation was observed on the alveolar process. Conclusions of this study are the necessity of the existence of appropriate models and that female specimens seem to rupture at a lower force than male ones. Both male and female specimens show a similar linear behaviour in the force/strain curve within each gender group. The probability of maxillary suture opening in adults during ultra-rapid maxillary expansion with tooth anchorage is very low. Complications and unwanted rupture could occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Ulm, 89081 Ulm, Germany. andrew.boryor@uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boryor
authors.forename: Ansgar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hohmann
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wunderlich
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geiger
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Böckers
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Günter Sander
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology