title: Cells of extraembryonic mesodermal origin confer human dystrophin in the mdx model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
abstract: Duchenne muscular dystrophy is an X-linked recessive genetic disease characterized by severe skeletal muscular degeneration. The placenta is considered to be a promising candidate cell source for cellular therapeutics because it contains a large number of cells and heterogenous cell populations with myogenic potentials. We analyzed the myogenic potential of cells obtained from six parts of the placenta, that is, umbilical cord, amniotic epithelium, amniotic mesoderm, chorionic plate, villous chorion, and decidua basalis. In vitro cells derived from amniotic mesoderm, chorionic plate, and villous chorion efficiently transdifferentiate into myotubes. In addition, in vivo implantation of placenta-derived cells into dystrophic muscles of immunodeficient mdx mice restored sarcolemmal expression of human dystrophin. Differential contribution to myogenesis in this study may be attributed to placental portion-dependent default cell state. Molecular taxonomic characterization of placenta-derived maternal and fetal cells in vitro will help determine the feasibility of cell-based therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Biology, National Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yayoi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamichi
authors.forename: Chang-Hao
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Hatsune
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Akane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Yoriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umezawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D048430:Cell Shape; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation*; D051379:Mice; D018101:Mice, Inbred mdx; D016513:Mice, SCID; D024510:Muscle Development; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016189:Dystrophin