title: Tissue engineered bone versus alloplastic commercial biomaterials in craniofacial reconstruction.
abstract: This research was developed in order to demonstrate the tissue engineering method as an alternative to conventional methods for bone reconstruction, in order to overcome the frequent failures of alloplastic commercial biomaterials, allografts and autografts. Tissue engineering is an in vitro method used to obtain cell based osteoinductive bone grafts. This study evaluated the feasibility of creating tissue-engineered bone using mesenchymal cells seeded on a scaffold obtained from the deciduous red deer antler. We have chosen mesenchymal stem cells because they are easy to obtain, capable to differentiate into cells of mesenchymal origin (osteoblasts) and to produce tissue such as bone. As scaffold, we have chosen the red deer antler because it has a high level of porosity. We conducted a case control study, on three groups of mice type CD1--two study groups (n=20) and a control group (n=20). For the study groups, we obtained bone grafts through tissue engineering, using mesenchymal stem cells seeded on the scaffold made of deciduous red deer antler. Bone defects were surgically induced on the left parietal bone of all subjects. In the control group, we grafted the bone defects with commercial biomaterials (OsteoSet, Wright Medical Technology, Inc., Arlington, Federal USA). Subjects were sacrificed at two and four months, the healing process was morphologically and histologically evaluated using descriptive histology and the golden standard - histological scoring. The grafts obtained in vivo through tissue engineering using adult stem cell, seeded on the scaffold obtained from the red deer antler using osteogenic medium have proven their osteogenic properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. ondineluc@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ondine
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lucaciu
authors.forename: Mihaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Băciuţ
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Băciuţ
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Câmpian
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Soriţău
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bran
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crişan
authors.forename: Liana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crişan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003132:Commerce; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery; D051379:Mice; D010969:Plastics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D010969:Plastics