title: Study of clinical applications and safety for Pascal® laser photocoagulation in retinal vascular disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish safe laser parameter standards for 10-30 ms Pascal(®) laser in clinical practice and to evaluate clinical and visual outcomes using this 532-nm multi-spot photocoagulation system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational case series of 313 patients treated between 2006 and 2008. Evaluation of eight groups: A - panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR); B - focal laser treatment for clinically significant diabetic macular oedema; C - grid laser for diffuse diabetic macular oedema; D - sector PRP for ischaemic branch retinal vein occlusions (I-BRVO); E - full PRP for ischaemic central retinal vein occlusions (I-CRVO); F - macular laser treatment for macular oedema secondary to non-ischaemic BRVO; G - full PRP for rubeosis iridis and/or neovascular glaucoma (NVG) secondary to I-BRVO, I - CRVO or PDR; H - laser retinopexy for retinal breaks/degenerations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean LogMAR visual acuity for all procedures improved postlaser (p = 0.065), and laser prevented visual loss in 85% eyes. Topical anaesthesia was only required. At mean follow-up of 5 months, 72% procedures had a successful clinical outcome. Significantly higher powers were required for PRP using Pascal(®) compared to conventional laser (p = 0.001) in PDR, I-BRVO, I-CRVO and NVG. Sixty-seven per cent of patients (15/20) were successfully treated with single-session 20-ms PRP using a mean 1952 burns. There were no laser-associated adverse effects or ocular complications associated with multi-spot PRP or macular Pascal(®) arrays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical efficacy using 10- to 30-ms pulse duration Pascal(®) laser is comparable to conventional standard protocols used for the treatment of vascular retinal disorders. Higher power, 10- to 30-ms pulse duration laser may be safely and effectively used in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK
authors.forename: Mahiul M K
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Muqit
authors.forename: Chintan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanghvi
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McLauchlan
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Lorna B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Charles
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Marcellino
authors.forename: Paulo E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Stanga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001766:Blindness / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult