title: Ossifying fibroma misdiagnosed as chronic apical periodontitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ossifying fibroma mimicking chronic apical periodontitis is extremely rare. This report describes a case of ossifying fibroma located in the periapical region of the mandibular right canine that was misdiagnosed as chronic apical periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 40-year-old woman complained of slight pain in the right anterior mandibular region without mucosal abnormalities or swelling. Radiographically, a well-circumscribed, unilocular, radiolucent lesion was observed that was located in the periapical region of the mandibular right canine, which presented an endodontically treated root canal. Under local anesthesia, the lesion was fully excised.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microscopically, there was fibrocellular connective tissue associated with a mineralized component, which consisted of lamellar or trabecular and woven bone, compatible with the diagnosis of ossifying fibroma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although it is very rare, ossifying fibroma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of unusual or persistent apical radiolucencies.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirao Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flávia Maria
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: de Moraes Ramos-Perez
authors.forename: Ulysses Nicida
authors.initials: UN
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Yara Teresinha Corrêa
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Silva-Sousa
authors.forename: Danyel Elias
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: da Cruz Perez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003481:Cuspid; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D018214:Fibroma, Ossifying / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography