title: Chronic inflammatory responses to microgel-based implant coatings.
abstract: Inflammatory responses to implanted biomedical devices elicit a foreign body fibrotic reaction that limits device integration and performance in various biomedical applications. We examined chronic inflammatory responses to microgel conformal coatings consisting of thin films of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) hydrogel microparticles cross-linked with poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate deposited on poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET). Unmodified and microgel-coated PET disks were implanted subcutaneously in rats for 4 weeks and explants were analyzed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Microgel coatings reduced chronic inflammation and resulted in a more mature/organized fibrous capsule. Microgel-coated samples exhibited 22% thinner fibrous capsules that contained 40% fewer cells compared to unmodified PET disks. Furthermore, microgel-coated samples contained significantly higher levels of macrophages (80%) than unmodified PET controls. These results demonstrate that microgel coatings reduce chronic inflammation to implanted biomaterials. (c) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2010.
authors.affiliation: Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0363, USA.
authors.forename: Amanda W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Whitmire
authors.forename: Neetu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Kellie L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Templeman
authors.forename: Julia E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Babensee
authors.forename: L Andrew
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: Andrés J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: García
mesh_terms: D000178:Acrylamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020007:Implants, Experimental / Q000009:adverse effects; D007249:Inflammation; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000178:Acrylamides; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D020100:Hydrogels; D011108:Polymers; C052970:poly-N-isopropylacrylamide