title: Perceived racial discrimination in clinical encounters among African American hypertensive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine African American patient perceptions of racial discrimination in clinical encounters. General barriers to hypertension management were also investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six focus groups with 37 African American hypertensive patients were conducted and the transcribed sessions were analyzed for content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients valued providers who shared information regarding self-care behaviors to manage hypertension and those who provided information regarding treatment options. Provider assumptions about patient inability to afford services, and provider apathy in reaching diagnoses were perceived as racially discriminatory. Patients discussed providers' avoidance of touch during physical exams as overtly discriminatory. Patients reacted to discriminatory experiences by not keeping appointments with providers perceived as racially discriminatory. Barriers to hypertension management were associated with family responsibilities and lifestyle factors, but were not attributed to provider racial biases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perceiving racial discrimination in clinical encounters may be an important barrier to appointment attendance for African American hypertensive patients.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Psychology, Barnwell College, Univ. of South Carolina, 525A, Columbia, SC 29208, USA. tmgreer@sc.edu
authors.forename: Tawanda M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Greer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000208:ethnology; D011287:Prejudice; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012938:Social Perception; D013022:South Carolina