title: The role of nutritional profile in the orexigenic neuropeptide secretion in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease obese adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little progress has been made to identify the central neuroendocrine pathway involved in the energy intake control in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of orexigenic neuropeptides in the nutritional aspects of NAFLD obese adolescents submitted to a long-term interdisciplinary approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty adolescents aged 15-19 years, with body mass index at least 95th percentile, consisting of 25 patients without NAFLD and 25 with NAFLD. The NAFLD diagnosis was determined by ultrasonography. Blood samples were collected to analyze glycemia, hepatic transaminases, and lipid profile. Insulin resistance was estimated by Homeostasis Model Assessment Insulin Resistance Index. Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and agouti related protein concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Analyses of food intake were made by 3 days recordatory inquiry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline conditions, the patients with NAFLD had significantly higher values of body mass, body mass index, visceral fat, triglycerides, VLDL-C, and hepatic transaminases. After the long-term intervention, they presented a significant reduction in these parameters. In both the groups, it was observed a significant decrease in energy intake, macronutrients and dietetic cholesterol. Only the patients with NAFLD presented a positive correlation between the saturated fatty acids intake and the orexigenic neuropeptides NPY and agouti related protein, and carbohydrate with NPY. Indeed, it was observed a positive correlation between energy intake, lipid (%) and saturated fatty acids with visceral fat accumulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings showed an important influence of diet composition in the orexigenic system, being essential consider that the excessive saturated fatty acids intake could be a determinant factor to increase nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Program of Nutrition, Federal University of São Paulo-Unifesp, Brazil. aline.depiano@gmail.com
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Piano
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tock
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carnier
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Foschini
authors.forename: Priscila de Lima
authors.initials: Pde L
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.forename: Fabíola Alvise
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.forename: Lila Missae
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Claudia Maria Oller
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: do Nascimento
authors.forename: Henrique Manoel
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lederman
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ernandes
authors.forename: Marco Túlio
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: de Mello
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tufik
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dâmaso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D054369:Agouti-Related Protein / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009765:Obesity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C515198:AGRP protein, human; D054369:Agouti-Related Protein; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009478:Neuropeptide Y