title: PTP1B and SHP2 in POMC neurons reciprocally regulate energy balance in mice.
abstract: Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) and SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (SHP2) have been shown in mice to regulate metabolism via the central nervous system, but the specific neurons mediating these effects are unknown. Here, we have shown that proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neuron-specific deficiency in PTP1B or SHP2 in mice results in reciprocal effects on weight gain, adiposity, and energy balance induced by high-fat diet. Mice with POMC neuron-specific deletion of the gene encoding PTP1B (referred to herein as POMC-Ptp1b-/- mice) had reduced adiposity, improved leptin sensitivity, and increased energy expenditure compared with wild-type mice, whereas mice with POMC neuron-specific deletion of the gene encoding SHP2 (referred to herein as POMC-Shp2-/- mice) had elevated adiposity, decreased leptin sensitivity, and reduced energy expenditure. POMC-Ptp1b-/- mice showed substantially improved glucose homeostasis on a high-fat diet, and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp studies revealed that insulin sensitivity in these mice was improved on a standard chow diet in the absence of any weight difference. In contrast, POMC-Shp2-/- mice displayed impaired glucose tolerance only secondary to their increased weight gain. Interestingly, hypothalamic Pomc mRNA and alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (alphaMSH) peptide levels were markedly reduced in POMC-Shp2-/- mice. These studies implicate PTP1B and SHP2 as important components of POMC neuron regulation of energy balance and point to what we believe to be a novel role for SHP2 in the normal function of the melanocortin system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6046, USA.
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Banno
authors.forename: Derek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zimmer
authors.forename: Bart C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: De Jonghe
authors.forename: Marybless
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atienza
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rak
authors.forename: Wentian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kendra K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Bence
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000201:enzymology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology*; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; C516609:Ptpn1 protein, mouse; C516725:Ptpn11 protein, mouse