title: Thiazolidinediones alter growth and epithelial cell integrity, independent of PPAR-γ and MAPK activation, in mouse M1 cortical collecting duct cells.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ is highly expressed in the collecting duct (CD), yet little is known about the effects of PPAR-γ ligands, thiazolidinediones (TZDs), on CD cell structure and function. M1 mouse cortical CD cells were treated with 5 μM troglitazone (TRO) and rosiglitazone (ROSI). First, growth was measured by [(3)H]thymidine and [(3)H]leucine incorporation, as well as analysis of cyclin D1 and the CDK inhibitor p27 by Western blot. [(3)H]thymidine incorporation was reduced by 56 and 24% by TRO and ROSI at 6 h, and [(3)H]leucine by 21 and 10%. A similar growth inhibition was also observed after 24 h for thymidine, but leucine was reduced by 48 and 24%, respectively. Likewise, cyclin D1 was diminished 60% by TRO, and p27 was elevated 1.6- and 1.7-fold in response to TRO and ROSI. Next, epithelial cell integrity was assessed by measuring different markers by Western blot analysis. While fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin levels were unchanged, by 24 h E-cadherin was decreased by 50%, and β-catenin levels were reduced 2- and 1.5-fold in response to TRO and ROSI, respectively. GW9662, a PPAR-γ antagonist, did not reverse any of the TZD responses in M1 cells. Of interest, phosho-p38 levels were also elevated 2-fold in response to TRO and 2.3-fold to ROSI, but MAPK inhibition by PD98059 or SB203580 caused an additive inhibition of cell growth and did not alter E-cadherin or β-catenin in response to TZDs. Finally, apoptotic death was assessed by Western blot, but cleaved caspase-3 levels were unchanged from 15 min to 24 h in response to TZDs, and TRO did not affect cell viability or reactive oxygen species generation. Our data suggest that TZDs cause a disruption of M1 cell integrity that is preceded by an inhibition of cell growth. This response is independent of p38 or PPAR-γ activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, and Kidney Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rania
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nasrallah
authors.forename: Jordan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Corinaldi
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Bernard J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Jasmin
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hébert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology; D007685:Kidney Tubules, Collecting / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D023421:Models, Animal; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology; D053778:Thiazolidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077288:Troglitazone; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D002839:Chromans; D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D053778:Thiazolidines; D051176:beta Catenin; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D000077288:Troglitazone