title: Assessment of vascular disorders of the upper extremity with contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography: pictorial review.
abstract: We reviewed the role of contrast magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in patients with vascular disorders of the upper extremity. MRA accurately defines stenoocclusive lesions in patients with atherosclerosis and embolus. It helps to diagnose thoracic outlet syndrome, vascular malformations, and vasculitis. It demonstrates vascular injuries after blunt or occupational trauma, corkscrew collaterals in Burger's disease, and pathological vessels in malignant tumors. Also, it detects the cause of hemodialysis fistula dysfunction. We concluded that contrast MRA is a noninvasive imaging modality that can be used for planning the treatment of vascular disorders of the upper extremity.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology Department, Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura, Egypt. arazek@mans.eun.eg
authors.forename: Ahmed A K A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Razek
authors.forename: Ehab
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Nermin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Soliman
authors.forename: Heba A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Elatta
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003287:Contrast Media; D004617:Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013901:Thoracic Outlet Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D054079:Vascular Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA