title: Effect of fortifying concentrate supplement with fibrolytic enzymes on nutrient utilization, milk yield and composition in lactating goats.
abstract: Thirty lactating Beetle-sannen crossbred goats were randomly divided into 3 groups based on first fortnight milk yield, and then adjusted to body weights to study the effect of fibrolytic enzyme supplementation on digestibility and milk production. Goats in the control group (C) were fed 500 g of concentrate supplement (CS) without exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (control; CG) or CS fortified with cellulase and xylanases @ of 4000 and 12500 (EG(1)) or 8000 and 18 750 IU/kg (EG(2)), respectively. CS was offered in two equal proportions just after milking at 7 and 17 h. After feeding CS, goats were fed 1200 g of wheat straw as roughage in two equal parts at 08.00 and 18.00 hours. Milk yield was studied for 3 1/2 months. Milking was done by hand. Changes in body weight were also recorded. After a preliminary period of 60 days of feeding, a 7-day digestibility trial was conducted in two intervals with 5 animals from each group at a time. The increase in either wheat straw or NDF intake due to the enzyme mixture was only 3%. There was significant improvement (P < 0.05) in the diet digestibility of DM, OM, CP, NDF, ADF and total carbohydrates (TC) between the control and EG(1) and EG(2) goats. Improvements were greater (P < 0.05) in the latter group. Microbial protein (MBP) was estimated based on purine derivatives and creatinine excreted in spot urine samples. MBP increased about 10 and 15% in EG(1) and EG(2), but these values were statistically invalid. Phenomenally milk yield, fat and SNF were significantly (P < 0.001) changed with progression of lactation. On a temporal basis, fortnightly changes in FCM yield of this study could be grouped as 1 month each of first and last and 1 1/2 of middle phase of lactation. Repeated measure analysis showed 180 to 260 mL/day of higher FCM and 16 to 20 g/day of higher SNF yield (P < 0.001) in EG(2) than control or even EG(1) during 5 to 7th fortnight. However, no significant impact (P > 0.05) was noticed on TF. Feed intake, g/kg FCM yield was also 7% less in EG(2) than either CG or EG(1). The study concluded that apart from increased digestibility, fortification of CS with cellulase and xylanases enzymes improved FCM yield in the last quarter of lactation in goats, and improved body weights by 5% (P > 0.05). While the digestibility of the diet was higher in EG(1) and EG(2), the impact on FCM and SNF yield was noticed only on EG(2). Our study indicated that CS of lactating goats may be fortified with 8000 and 18 500 IU/kg CS in the last quarter of lactation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dairy Cattle Nutrition, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India.
authors.forename: Prokasananda
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bala
authors.forename: Raman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: Bandla
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Srinivas
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002480:Cellulase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005260:Female; D006041:Goats / Q000378:metabolism*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D014995:Xylosidases; D002480:Cellulase