Association between polymorphisms in human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (--308) and -beta (252) genes and development of gestational diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to investigate if an association exists between single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and TNF-beta genes.


METHODS
The DNA was extracted and SNP in the human TNF-alpha and TNF-beta genes at positions -308 (G/A) and 252 (A/G), respectively, was analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Plasma levels of TNF-alpha in different stages of pregnancy were quantified using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).


RESULTS
There was no significant difference in genotype and allele frequency of SNP at position -308 (G/A) in the promoter region of the human TNF-alpha gene as well as the SNP at position 252 (A/G) in the human TNF-beta gene between the GDM and control subjects. Using the logistic regression model, it was found that the SNP in the TNF-alpha as well as TNF-beta were not associated with development of GDM. In addition, the TNF-alpha levels in the plasma of GDM and control mothers were not significantly different.


CONCLUSIONS
In the population studied, the SNP in position -308 (G/A) of the human TNF-alpha or in position 252 (A/G) of the human TNF-beta gene is not an independent risk factor or a predictor for GDM.
Montazeri
Shabnam
S
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, International Medical University, 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. shabnam_montazeri@yahoo.com
Nalliah
Sivalingam
S
Radhakrishnan
Ammu Kutty
AK
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha