[Chronic nicotinamide overload and type 2 diabetes].
Type 2 diabetes is a major global health problem. It is generally accepted that type 2 diabetes is the result of gene-environmental interaction. However, the mechanism underlying the interaction is unclear. Diet change is known to play an important role in type 2 diabetes. The fact that the global high prevalence of type 2 diabetes has occurred following the spread of food fortification worldwide suggests a possible involvement of excess niacin intake. Our recent study found that nicotinamide overload and low nicotinamide detoxification may induce oxidative stress associated with insulin resistance. Based on the relevant facts, this review briefly summarized the relationship between the prevalence of type 2 diabetes and the nicotinamide metabolism changes induced by excess niacin intake, aldehyde oxidase inhibitors, liver diseases and functional defects of skin. We speculate that the gene-environmental interaction in type 2 diabetes may be a reflection of the outcome of the association of chronic nicotinamide overload-induced toxicity and the relatively low detoxification/excretion capacity of the body. Reducing the content of niacin in foods may be a promising strategy for the control of type 2 diabetes.
Zhou
Shi-Sheng
SS
Key Laboratories of Biophysics of Liaoning Province, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Medical College, Dalian University, Dalian 116622, China. zhouss@ymail.com
Li
Da
D
Zhou
Yi-Ming
YM
Sun
Wu-Ping
WP
Liu
Xing-Xing
XX
Lun
Yong-Zhi
YZ
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D004032:Diet; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009525:Niacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
D009536:Niacinamide; D009525:Niacin