title: Safety walkarounds predict injury risk and reduce injury rates in the construction industry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  "Safe Workplace"-a simplified and educational version of the Finnish building construction methodology involving safety walkarounds where a number of safety indicators are inspected and evaluated-is in widespread use in the Danish construction sector to evaluate physical safety standards proactively at construction work sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the construction of the Copenhagen Metro were analyzed to determine the method's ability to predict injury risk related to joint responsibilities and individual worker responsibilities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant association between the risk level as measured by the Safe Workplace methodology and injury risk was found. The relative risk of injury increased with the number of safety indicators violated and was elevated for safety indicators reflecting both individual and joint safety responsibility. The observed injury risk was not elevated in the post-safety walkaround period for safety indicators of individual responsibility, but the joint responsibility indicators retained an elevated injury risk level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data support the hypothesis that safety walkarounds both predict and prevent injuries. Safety indicators of individual responsibility are more likely to be corrected than those of joint responsibility.
authors.affiliation: National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark. kilm@sst.dk <kilm@sst.dk>
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mikkelsen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spangenberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kines
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003252:Construction Materials / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016272:Occupational Health; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D017751:Safety Management; D012941:Social Responsibility; D016138:Walking; D017132:Workplace / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control