title: Regional adipose tissue associations with calcified atherosclerotic plaque: African American-diabetes heart study.
abstract: Coronary artery calcified atherosclerotic plaque (CP) is strongly associated with nonsubcutaneous adipose tissue, particularly pericardial adipose tissue (PAT), in community-based studies. We tested for relationships between regional adipose tissue depots and CP in African Americans with longstanding type 2 diabetes. Infrarenal aorta, coronary, and carotid artery CP and pericardial, visceral, intermuscular, and subcutaneous organ-specific adipose tissue volumes were measured using single and multidetector computed tomography (CT) in 422 African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Generalized estimating equations using exchangeable correlation and the sandwich estimator of the variance were used to test for associations between CP and adipose tissue depots. Mean (s.d.) age was 56.5 (7.6) years, diabetes duration 10.3 (7.6) years, PAT 85.3 (36.1) cm(3)/45 mm and visceral adipose tissue (VAT) 174.9 (70.1) cm(3)/15 mm. Adjusting for age, gender, BMI, blood pressure, medications, proteinuria, smoking, lipids, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D, PAT was positively associated with the presence (P = 0.009) and quantity of coronary artery CP in African Americans (P = 0.004), as well as the quantity of infrarenal aorta CP (P = 0.004). As in European Americans, PAT is associated with CP in African Americans with type 2 diabetes. Ethnic differences in the relationships between organ-specific adipose tissue depots and atherosclerosis require further study.
authors.affiliation: Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Divers
authors.forename: Lynne E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Wagenknecht
authors.forename: Donald W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.forename: J Jeffrey
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: R Caresse
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hightower
authors.forename: Jingzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jianzhao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Carl D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Langefeld
authors.forename: Barry I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Freedman
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D050154:Adiposity; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D001011:Aorta / Q000473:pathology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010496:Pericardium / Q000473:pathology*; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic