title: Current cardiovascular risk management patterns with special focus on lipid lowering in daily practice in Switzerland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There may be a considerable gap between LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) and blood pressure (BP) goal values recommended by the guidelines and results achieved in daily practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cross-sectional survey of cardiovascular disease risk profiles and management with focus on lipid lowering and BP lowering in clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  In phase 1, the cardiovascular risk of patients with known lipid profile visiting their general practitioner was anonymously assessed in accordance to the PROCAM-score. In phase 2, high-risk patients who did not achieve LDL-C goal less than 2.6 mmol/l in phase 1 could be further documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six hundred thirty-five general practitioners collected the data of 23 892 patients with known lipid profile. Forty percent were high-risk patients (diabetes mellitus or coronary heart disease or PROCAM-score >20%), compared with 27% estimated by the physicians. Goal attainment rate was almost double for BP than for LDL-C in high-risk patients (62 vs. 37%). Both goals were attained by 25%. LDL-C values in phase 1 and 2 were available for 3097 high-risk patients not at LDL-C goal in phase 1; 32% of patients achieved LDL-C goal of less than 2.6 mmol/l after a mean of 17 weeks. The most successful strategies for LDL-C reduction were implemented in only 22% of the high-risk patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although patients at high cardiovascular risk were treated more intensively than low or medium risk patients, the majority remained insufficiently controlled, which is an incentive for intensified medical education. Adequate implementation of Swiss and International guidelines would expectedly contribute to improved achievement of LDL-C and BP goal values in daily practice.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Lausanne, Medical Policlinic, CHUV Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. andres.jaussi@vtx.ch
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaussi
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Noll
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Darioli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004363:Drug Utilization; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011331:Private Practice; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013557:Switzerland; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents