Fiducial placement for stereotactic radiation by using EUS: feasibility when using a marker compatible with a standard 22-gauge needle.
BACKGROUND
Stereotactic radiation by using fiducial markers permits higher doses of radiation while reducing the exposure of uninvolved, adjacent structures. EUS has been used to deploy fiducials, although a 19-gauge needle has traditionally been required.


OBJECTIVE
To report a new technique and the feasibility of deploying a fiducial compatible with a 22-gauge needle under EUS guidance.


METHODS
Single-center, case series.


METHODS
Tertiary care referral center.


METHODS
Thirteen patients with primary or metastatic cancer referred for stereotactic radiation.


METHODS
EUS-guided placement of a single fiducial marker that is compatible with a 22-gauge EUS-FNA needle.


METHODS
Technical success and complications.


RESULTS
Thirteen patients referred for EUS-guided placement of a fiducial marker were identified in the endoscopic database. Targeted lesions measured 27 +/- 13 mm (range 8-50) x 21 +/- 10 mm (range 6-42). All fiducials were successfully deployed, 9 using a transgastric and 4 using a transduodenal approach. There were no EUS-associated complications. Two patients did not proceed to radiation therapy as a result of interval peritoneal metastasis. However, all fiducials were visible on the roentogram. Eleven of 13 patients (85%) required placement of 1 fiducial, whereas 2 patients (15%) required 2 fiducials.


CONCLUSIONS
Uncontrolled feasibility study with limited sample size and follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
EUS-guided placement of a fiducial using a 22-gauge needle is technically feasible and may permit greater access compared with the 19-gauge needle technique.
Ammar
Tarek
T
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
Coté
Gregory A
GA
Creach
Kimberly M
KM
Kohlmeier
Cara
C
Parikh
Parag J
PJ
Azar
Riad R
RR
D019160:Endosonography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D009339:Needles; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted