title: An in vitro bacterial adhesion assessment of surface-modified medical-grade PVC.
abstract: Medical-grade polyvinyl chloride was surface modified by a multistep physicochemical approach to improve bacterial adhesion prevention properties. This was fulfilled via surface activation by diffuse coplanar surface barrier discharge plasma followed by radical graft copolymerization of acrylic acid through surface-initiated pathway to render a structured high density brush. Three known antibacterial agents, bronopol, benzalkonium chloride, and chlorhexidine, were then individually coated onto functionalized surface to induce biological properties. Various modern surface probe techniques were employed to explore the effects of the modification steps. In vitro bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation assay was performed. Escherichia coli strain was found to be more susceptible to modifications rather than Staphylococcus aureus as up to 85% reduction in adherence degree of the former was observed upon treating with above antibacterial agents, while only chlorhexidine could retard the adhesion of the latter by 50%. Also, plasma treated and graft copolymerized samples were remarkably effective to diminish the adherence of E. coli.
authors.affiliation: Polymer Centre, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, T.G.M. Sq. 275, 762 72 Zlín, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asadinezhad
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Novák
authors.forename: Marián
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehocký
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sedlarík
authors.forename: Alenka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vesel
authors.forename: Ita
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Junkar
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sáha
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chodák
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018441:Biofilms; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000737:chemistry; D015195:Drug Design; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011409:Propylene Glycols; C006827:bronopol; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D002710:Chlorhexidine