title: Processing of tumor antigen differentially impacts the development of helper and effector CD4+ T-cell responses.
abstract: CD4(+) T cells contribute to the antitumor T-cell response as both effectors that promote tumor rejection and helpers that facilitate the activation of other antitumor effector cells, such as CD8(+) T cells. Maximal engagement of both effector and helper CD4(+) T-cell responses is a desirable attribute of cancer vaccines. We have employed the B16F10 murine melanoma model and a series of recombinant adenovirus (Ad) vaccines expressing mutant forms of the tumor antigen, dopachrome tautomerase, to investigate the relationship between antigen processing and the antitumor CD4(+) T-cell response. Our results have revealed an unexpected dichotomy in the generation of helper and effector CD4(+) T-cell responses where CD4(+) T effector responses are dependent upon protein processing and trafficking, whereas CD4(+) T helper responses are not. The results have important implications for strategies aimed at augmenting antigen immunogenicity by altering intracellular processing and localization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Dannie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ventresca
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evelegh
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bramson
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D009154:Mutation
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm