title: Cardiac baroreflex is already blunted in eight weeks old spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The literature did not evidence yet with which age spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) start to present baroreflex reduction. We endeavored to evaluate the baroreflex function in eight-week-old SHR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar Kyoto (WKY) normotensive rats and SHR aged eight weeks were studied. Baroreflex was calculated as the variation of heart rate (HR) divided by the mean arterial pressure (MAP) variation (DeltaHR/DeltaMAP) tested with a depressor dose of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 50 microg/kg) and with a pressor dose of phenylephrine (PHE, 8 microg/kg) in the right femoral venous approach through an inserted cannula in the animals. Significant differences for p < 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline MAP (p < 0.0001) and HR (p = 0.0028) was higher in SHR. Bradycardic peak was attenuated in SHR (p < 0.0001), baroreflex gain tested with PHE was also reduced in the SHR group (p = 0.0012). PHE-induced increase in MAP was increased in WKY compared to SHR (p = 0.039). Bradycardic reflex responses to intravenous PHE was decreased in SHR (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eight weeks old SHR already presents impairment of the parasympathetic component of baroreflex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology and Physiology, School of Medicine of ABC, Av, Príncipe de Gales, 821, Santo André 09060-650, Brazil.
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cisternas
authors.forename: Vitor E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Valenti
authors.forename: Thales B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Celso
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Márcio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petenusso
authors.forename: João R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Breda
authors.forename: Adilson C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Nadir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tassi
authors.forename: Luiz Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: de Abreu