title: Dilute ammonia pretreatment of sorghum and its effectiveness on enzyme hydrolysis and ethanol fermentation.
abstract: A new pretreatment technology using dilute ammonium hydroxide was evaluated for ethanol production on sorghum. Sorghum fibers, ammonia, and water at a ratio of 1:0.14:8 were heated to 160 degrees C and held for 1 h under 140-160 psi pressure. Approximately, 44% lignin and 35% hemicellulose were removed during the process. Hydrolysis of untreated and dilute ammonia pretreated fibers was carried out at 10% dry solids at an enzyme concentration of 60 FPU Spezyme CP and 64 CBU Novozyme 188/g glucan. Cellulose digestibility was higher (84%) for ammonia pretreated sorghum as compared to untreated sorghum (38%). Fermentations with Saccharomyces cerevisiae D(5)A resulted in 24 g ethanol /100 g dry biomass for dilute ammonia pretreated sorghum and 9 g ethanol /100 g dry biomass for untreated sorghum.
authors.affiliation: Audubon Sugar Institute, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, 3845 Hwy 75 St., Gabriel, LA 70776, USA.
authors.forename: Deepti A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Salvi
authors.forename: Giovanna M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Aita
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bazan
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry*; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D005285:Fermentation; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D000641:Ammonia; D008031:Lignin; D005662:Furaldehyde