title: A case of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing hepatocellular carcinoma confirmed by immunohistochemistry.
abstract: Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a naturally occurring glycoprotein that stimulates the proliferation and maturation of precursor cells in the bone marrow into fully differentiated neutrophils. Several reports of G-CSF-producing malignant tumors have been published, but scarcely any in the hepatobiliary system, such as in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here, we encountered a 69-yr-old man with a hepatic tumor who had received right hepatic resection. He showed leukocytosis of 25,450/microL along with elevated serum G-CSF. Histological examination of surgical samples demonstrated immunohistochemical staining for G-CSF, but not for G-CSF receptor. The patient survived without recurrence for four years, but ultimately passed away with multiple bone metastases. In light of the above, clinicians may consider G-CSF-producing HCC when encountering patients with leukocytosis and a hepatic tumor. More cases are needed to clarify the clinical picture of G-CSF-producing HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Matsumoto Medical Center, Matsumoto, Japan. joshita@shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joshita
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Shoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamijo
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubayashi
authors.forename: Hideharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyabayashi
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Kaname
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshizawa
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016188:Receptors, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor