title: The serotonin 2C receptor potently modulates the head-twitch response in mice induced by a phenethylamine hallucinogen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hallucinogenic serotonin 2A (5-HT(2A)) receptor partial agonists, such as (+ or -)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2-aminopropane hydrochloride (DOI), induce a frontal cortex-dependent head-twitch response (HTR) in rodents, a behavioral proxy of a hallucinogenic response that is blocked by 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonists. In addition to 5-HT(2A) receptors, DOI and most other serotonin-like hallucinogens have high affinity and potency as partial agonists at 5-HT(2C) receptors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We tested for involvement of 5-HT(2C) receptors in the HTR induced by DOI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of 5-HT(2C) receptor knockout and wild-type littermates revealed an approximately 50% reduction in DOI-induced HTR in knockout mice. Also, pretreatment with either the 5-HT(2C) receptor antagonist SB206553 or SB242084 eradicated a twofold difference in DOI-induced HTR between the standard inbred mouse strains C57BL/6J and DBA/2J, and decreased the DOI-induced HTR by at least 50% in both strains. None of several measures of 5-HT(2A) receptors in frontal cortex explained the strain difference, including 5-HT(2A) receptor density, Galpha(q) or Galpha(i/o) protein levels, phospholipase C activity, or DOI-induced expression of Egr1 and Egr2. 5-HT(2C) receptor density in the brains of C57BL/6J and DBA/2J was also equivalent, suggesting that 5-HT(2C) receptor-mediated intracellular signaling or other physiological modulators of the HTR may explain the strain difference in response to DOI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the HTR to DOI in mice is strongly modulated by 5-HT(2C) receptor activity. This novel finding invites reassessment of hallucinogenic mechanisms involving 5-HT(2) receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA. clinton.canal@ufl.edu
authors.forename: Clinton E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Canal
authors.forename: Uade B
authors.initials: UB
authors.lastname: Olaghere da Silva
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gresch
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sanders-Bush
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Airey
mesh_terms: D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001665:Binding Sites; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D054333:Drug Partial Agonism; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics; D051767:Early Growth Response Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go / Q000378:metabolism; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 / Q000378:metabolism; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019416:Head Movements / Q000187:drug effects*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D044405:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C / Q000172:deficiency / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013045:Species Specificity; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C107820:6-chloro-5-methyl-1-((2-(2-methylpyrid-3-yloxy)pyrid-5-yl)carbamoyl)indoline; D000631:Aminopyridines; D000662:Amphetamines; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D051767:Early Growth Response Protein 2; C486110:Egr1 protein, rat; C497328:Egr2 protein, rat; D006213:Hallucinogens; D007211:Indoles; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044405:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; C094868:SB 206553; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D019206:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gi-Go; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; C015952:4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenylisopropylamine