title: Polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinase-1, -9 and -12 genes and the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a Korean population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although a few studies have been conducted to evaluate the association of polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) genes with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the results have been inconsistent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of 3 polymorphisms of MMP genes (MMP-1 -1607G-->GG, MMP-9 -1562C-->T and MMP-12 N357S), which have been reported to be associated with COPD-related phenotypes, with the risk of COPD in a Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypes of the 3 polymorphisms were determined in 301 patients with COPD and 333 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 3 polymorphisms studied, only the distribution of the MMP-9 -1562C-->T genotypes was significantly different between the cases and controls (p = 0.01), with the frequency of the variant T allele being significantly lower in the cases than in the controls (10.4 vs. 15.7%; p = 0.006). Individuals with at least 1 variant T allele were at a significantly decreased risk of COPD when compared with those with homozygous wild-type alleles (adjusted odds ratio = 0.69; 95% CI = 0.45-0.98; p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the MMP-9 -1562C-->T polymorphism could be used as a marker for determining the genetic susceptibility to COPD in a Korean population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Shin-Yup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min-Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyo-Gyung
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Seung-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Yi-Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Won-Kee
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung-Ick
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Chang-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tae-Hoon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jae-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases