title: Discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo effects of murine mesenchymal stem cells on T-cell proliferation and collagen-induced arthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this study is to analyze the potential immunosuppressive properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) on T cell proliferation and in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). An additional aim is to investigate the role of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in these processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  MSC were isolated from bone marrow of DBA/1 wild type and IFN-gamma receptor knock-out (IFN-gammaR KO) mice and expanded in vitro. Proliferation of anti-CD3-stimulated CD4+ T cells in the presence or absence of MSC was evaluated by thymidine incorporation. CIA was induced in DBA/1 mice and animals were treated with MSC by intravenous or intraperitoneal injections of wild type or IFN-gammaR KO MSC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Purity of enriched MSC cultures was evaluated by flow cytometry and their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes. In vitro, wild type MSC dose-dependently suppressed anti-CD3-induced T cell proliferation whereas IFN-gammaR KO MSC had a significantly lower inhibitory potential. A role for inducible nitric oxide (iNOS), programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), but not indoleamine 2,3-dioxigenase (IDO), in the T cell inhibition was demonstrated. In vivo, neither wild type nor IFN-gammaR KO MSC were able to reduce the severity of CIA or the humoral or cellular immune response toward collagen type II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whereas MSC inhibit anti-CD3-induced proliferation of T cells in vitro, an effect partially mediated by IFN-gamma, MSC do not influence in vivo T cell proliferation nor the disease course of CIA. Thus there is a clear discrepancy between the in vitro and in vivo effects of MSC on T cell proliferation and CIA.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. evelien.schurgers@rega.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: Evelien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schurgers
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kelchtermans
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitera
authors.forename: Lies
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Geboes
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matthys
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor
chemical_list: D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor