title: Soft drink and juice consumption and risk of physician-diagnosed incident type 2 diabetes: the Singapore Chinese Health Study.
abstract: Soft drinks and other sweetened beverages may contribute to risk of type 2 diabetes and obesity. However, research has not addressed higher risk and Asian populations. The authors examined the association between soft drinks and juice and the risk of type 2 diabetes among Chinese Singaporeans enrolled in a prospective cohort study of 43,580 participants aged 45-74 years and free of diabetes and other chronic diseases at baseline. The incidence of physician-diagnosed type 2 diabetes was assessed by interview and validated; 2,273 participants developed diabetes during follow-up. After adjustment for potential lifestyle and dietary confounders, participants consuming > or =2 soft drinks per week had a relative risk of type 2 diabetes of 1.42 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.62) compared with those who rarely consumed soft drinks. Similarly, consumption of > or =2 juice beverages per week was associated with an increased risk (relative risk (RR) = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.05, 1.58). The association was modified by 5-year weight gain for > or =2 soft drinks per week among those who gained > or =3 kg (RR = 1.70, 95% CI: 1.34, 2.16) compared with those who gained less weight (RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.41). Relatively frequent intake of soft drinks and juice is associated with an increased risk for development of type 2 diabetes in Chinese men and women.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,Minnesota, USA. odeg0025@umn.edu
authors.forename: Andrew O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Odegaard
authors.forename: Woon-Puay
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Mimi C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001628:Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose