title: Clinical course and risk profile in adolescents with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: We sought to analyze the prevalence, clinical course, and risk profile of left ventricular systolic dysfunction in adolescents with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Patients with clinical onset at <13 years (n = 18) or >19 years (n = 14) of age and/or patients followed up for <12 months were excluded. Clinical and biochemical markers were evaluated during 4 +/- 3 years of follow-up to determinate predictors of adverse outcome. A composite end point (hospitalization for worsening heart failure, cardiac transplantation, and death) was investigated. The final cohort consisted of 48 patients (median age 17 years) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. During follow-up, 11 patients required hospitalization for heart failure (21%) and 6 patients entered the transplantation list (4 underwent orthotopic cardiac transplantation, 8%). A Cox multivariate model evidenced N-terminus pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP; odds ratio 1, confidence interval 1 to 1.1, p = 0.001), New York Heart Association (NYHA) classes III to IV (odds ratio 2.5, confidence interval 1 to 5.9, p = 0.04), and electrocardiographic atrial enlargement (odd ratios 6.7, confidence interval 1.8 to 25, p = 0.005) as predictors of adverse events (composite end point) at 60 months. The association of NYHA classes III to IV, electrocardiographic atrial enlargement, and NT-pro-BNP value > or =250 pg/ml (are under the curve 0.88) showed 100% sensitivity, 77% specificity, 62% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value. In conclusion, compared to other clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical parameters, the combination of advanced NYHA class, electrocardiographic atrial enlargement, and NT-pro-BNP > or =250 pg/ml seem to better predict the risk of adverse events in adolescent with long-term systolic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. limongelligiuseppe@libero.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Limongelli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pacileo
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ancona
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eusebio
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Andrea
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Salvo
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rea
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calabró
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maiello
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calabró
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain