Growing burden of noncommunicable diseases: the contributory role of oral diseases, Eastern Mediterranean Region perspective.
Associations of oral diseases with noncommunicable diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, chronic respiratory diseases, osteoporosis and chronic renal failure are widely reported in the literature from developed countries. Commonality of risk factors, changes in systemic inflammatory mediators and body metabolism play a role in this association. This paper reviews current knowledge on the burden and association of oral and systemic diseases, and highlights the paucity of information and research from the Eastern Mediterranean Region and other developing countries. A call is made for further research to understand the status and significance of oral-systemic disease associations and develop guidelines for their control in this Region.
Bokhari
S A H
SA
Department of Oral Health Sciences, Sheikh Zayed Federal Postgraduate Medical Institute, Lahore, Pakistan. pdplhr@yahoo.com
Khan
A A
AA
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003906:Developing Countries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014943:Global Health; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D019083:Mediterranean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D009909:Oral Health; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D009057:Stomatognathic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology