title: The intracellular domain of Dumbfounded affects myoblast fusion efficiency and interacts with Rolling pebbles and Loner.
abstract: Drosophila body wall muscles are multinucleated syncytia formed by successive fusions between a founder myoblast and several fusion competent myoblasts. Initial fusion gives rise to a bi/trinucleate precursor followed by more fusion cycles forming a mature muscle. This process requires the functions of various molecules including the transmembrane myoblast attractants Dumbfounded (Duf) and its paralogue Roughest (Rst), a scaffold protein Rolling pebbles (Rols) and a guanine nucleotide exchange factor Loner. Fusion completely fails in a duf, rst mutant, and is blocked at the bi/trinucleate stage in rols and loner single mutants. We analysed the transmembrane and intracellular domains of Duf, by mutating conserved putative signaling sites and serially deleting the intracellular domain. These were tested for their ability to translocate and interact with Rols and Loner and to rescue the fusion defect in duf, rst mutant embryos. Studying combinations of double mutants, further tested the function of Rols, Loner and other fusion molecules. Here we show that serial truncations of the Duf intracellular domain successively compromise its function to translocate and interact with Rols and Loner in addition to affecting myoblast fusion efficiency in embryos. Putative phosphorylation sites function additively while the extreme C terminus including a PDZ binding domain is dispensable for its function. We also show that fusion is completely blocked in a rols, loner double mutant and is compromised in other double mutants. These results suggest an additive function of the intracellular domain of Duf and an early function of Rols and Loner which is independent of Duf.
authors.affiliation: Temasek Lifesciences Laboratory, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. dr_umar_farooq@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sarada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bulchand
authors.forename: Sree Devi
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: Simi Elizabeth
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024510:Muscle Development; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C478493:Siz protein, Drosophila; C413082:kirre protein, Drosophila; C443104:rols protein, Drosophila