title: Wnt signaling is critical for maladaptive cardiac hypertrophy and accelerates myocardial remodeling.
abstract: The evolutionary conserved Wnt signaling pathway regulates cardiogenesis. However, members of the Wnt pathway are also expressed in the adult heart. Although Wnt-signaling is quiescent under normal conditions, we noticed activation on pathological stress of the heart, such as chronic afterload increase. To examine the role of Wnt signaling on the postnatal heart, we modified the expression and function of the Wnt regulator dishevelled 1 (Dvl-1) both in transgenic mice with cardiac-specific overexpression of Dvl-1 (Dvl-1-Tg) and in cultured cardiac myocytes. Dvl-1-Tg mice (3 months) had severe cardiac hypertrophy (heart weight:body weight ratio: 5.2+/-0.3 mg/g wild-type [WT] versus 6.4+/-0.7 mg/g Dvl-1-Tg; P<0.01), an increase in cardiomyocyte size (86% increase in Dvl-1-Tg compared with WT; P<0.01) and marked raise of atrial natriuretic factor expression (12-fold increase versus WT; P<0.01). Hypertrophy was associated with left ventricular dilatation in Dvl-1-Tg and a reduction of ejection fraction (4.4+/-0.1 mm versus 5.5+/-0.2 mm, 80+/-2% and 43+/-4% in WT versus Dvl-1-Tg, respectively; P<0.01). Transgenic animals died prematurely before 6 months of age. Both canonical as well as noncanonical Wnt signaling branches were activated in the Dvl-1-Tg animals. Small interfering RNA-mediated depletion of Dvl-1 was used to further characterize the role of Dvl-1 in cardiac myocytes. Whereas baseline parameters were unaltered, beta-adrenergic hypertrophic response was abrogated in Dvl-1 knockdown cardiac myocytes, indicating a mandatory role in beta-adrenergic stimulation. Therefore, activation of Wnt signaling is sufficient and critical for the induction of myocardial hypertrophy and cardiomyopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Pratima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malekar
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hagenmueller
authors.forename: Adamma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anyanwu
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buss
authors.forename: Marcus R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Streit
authors.forename: Celine S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riffel
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Hugo A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Katus
authors.forename: Stefan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hardt
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D004452:Echocardiography; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000235:genetics; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; C000606579:Dvl1 protein, mouse; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D051153:Wnt Proteins