title: Assessing the toxicological significance of ejaculatory plugs as a clinical observation in rat toxicology studies: CNS-mediated increases in plug production vs. gustatory-mediated decreases in plug consumption.
abstract: Spontaneous ejaculation has been reported in a variety of mammalian species and may occur either as a result of pharmacological treatment or as a component of the daily behavior of normal, untreated animals. Infrequently, increased numbers of spontaneous ejaculatory plugs have been reported among the clinical signs in rat toxicology studies. This mini-review presents an overview on the presence of ejaculatory plugs in rodents and provides recommendations to consider when attempting to understand the toxicological significance of increased numbers of ejaculatory plugs in rat toxicology studies.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Corporate Center, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. V.L.Reynolds@Lilly.com
authors.forename: Vincent L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Donald G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Stump
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Holson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004542:Ejaculation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D019370:Observation; D010829:Physiological Phenomena; D051381:Rats