title: Effect of alveolar bone grafting on nasal morphology, symmetry, and nostril shape of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate nasal morphology, symmetry, and nostril shape in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate following mixed-dentition alveolar bone grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective stereophotogrammetric study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital-based.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-nine patients with a history of repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate who received an iliac crest alveolar bone graft were recruited prospectively to participate in the study. Each patient served as his/her own control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Partial facial impressions of all patients were acquired before and a minimum of 6 months after the alveolar bone grafting procedure. Image acquisition and analysis of the casts constructed from these models were carried out using three-dimensional stereophotogrammetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surface-based registrations and linear measurements were performed to assess nasal morphology and nostril shape. A modified Procrustes technique was used to determine the change in nasal symmetry. A two-tailed, paired t test and an analysis of covariance were used to assess statistical significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant side-to-side asymmetry exists in the nasal region of patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate, both before and after alveolar bone grafting. No significant changes were observed between pre-alveolar bone graft and post-alveolar bone graft images based on linear measurements, asymmetry scores, and registrations. Gender and surgeon were not significant factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the conditions of this study, mixed-dentition alveolar bone grafting appears to have no significant long-term effect on nasal morphology, symmetry, or nostril shape.
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Daskalogiannakis
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tompson
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forrest
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D064728:Alveolar Bone Grafting; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000601:surgery; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000637:transplantation*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D010780:Photogrammetry; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome