Oral lesions in HIV+/AIDS adolescents perinatally infected undergoing HAART.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of the oral lesions related to HIV-infection (HIV-OL) in HIV+/AIDS adolescents (=13 years old), and the differences with HIV+/AIDS children (=3 - <13 years old) perinatally infected.


METHODS
25 HIV+/AIDS adolescents and 62 HIV+/AIDS children, undergoing Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy, were orally examined. HIV-OL was diagnosed in accordance with EC-Clearinghouse-World Health Organization. The patients were classifies with respect to their immune status in relation with the CD4+ cell counts as moderately immunodeficient; mildly immunodeficient and severely immunodeficient in accordance to the revised surveillance case definitions for HIV infection among adults, adolescents, and children aged <18 months and for HIV infection and AIDS among children aged 18 months to <13 years (CDC-USA). The virological status was established in relation to the copies of RNA-HIV-1/mL as follows: with undetectable viral load (UDVL); with low viral load and with high viral load. A chi-square test was performed (p<0.05 IC95%).


RESULTS
The prevalence of HIV-OL in HIV+/AIDS adolescents was 20% while in HIV/AIDS children was 30.6% (p>0.05). Oral candidiasis was the most prevalent oral lesion in both groups. Association (p<0.05) of a high prevalence of HIV-OL and oral candidiasis with a high viral load was observed in both study groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Adolescents perinatally HIV-infected have a high prevalence of HIV-OL. Oral Candidiasis still is the most frequent oral opportunistic infection. Oral lesions could have association to viral failure in HIV+/AIDS adolescents undergoing HAART.
Gaitán-Cepeda
Luis-Alberto
LA
Lab. Patología Clínica y Experimental, Fac. Odontología, UNAM, Circuito Institutos s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, DF, México. lgaitan@servidor.unam.mx
Domínguez-Sánchez
Anitza
A
Pavía-Ruz
Noris
N
Muñoz-Hernández
Rocío
R
Verdugo-Díaz
Roberto
R
Valles-Medina
Ana-María
AM
Meráz-Acosta
Héctor
H
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000293:Adolescent; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence