title: Raloxifene decreases serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels in postmenopausal women with end-stage renal disease under chronic hemodialysis therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We prospectively aimed to investigate the relationship between raloxifene administration and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglyceride levels in postmenopausal women undergoing hemodialysis treatment for chronic renal failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four women scheduled for twice-weekly hemodialysis treatment were given 60 mg/day raloxifene for 3 months. Serum MDA, estimated NO, HDL, and LDL measurements were assessed initially and at month 3. We used the Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests for comparisons. Five women discontinued the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After controlling for baseline characteristics, mean serum MDA and estimated NO levels decreased (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.0001, respectively) from 2.01 +/- 0.40 micromol/L and 21.3 +/- 17.9 micromol/L at baseline to 1.27 +/- 0.23 micromol/L and 7.7 +/- 7.5 micromol/L at month 3, respectively. Mean serum LDL level declined (P = 0.004) from 120.0 +/- 24.3 mg/dL to 103.3 +/- 12.1 mg/dL, and mean HDL level increased (P = 0.024) from 52.2 +/- 7.8 mg/dL to 57.2 +/- 5.7 mg/dL with raloxifene administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral raloxifene administration (60 mg/day) for 3 months lowered serum MDA and NO levels with favorable effects on serum lipid parameters in postmenopausal women, who were undergoing long-term hemodialysis treatment for chronic renal failure.
authors.affiliation: Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Isparta, Turkey.
authors.forename: Demir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozbasar
authors.forename: Ummuhan
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Toros
authors.forename: Okan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozkaya
authors.forename: Mekin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sezik
authors.forename: Hafize
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: Habibe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Genc
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaya
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017698:Postmenopause; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008049:Lipase