title: Role of ICAM-1 and E-selectin gene polymorphisms in pathogenesis of PAOD in Egyptian patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin have been shown to predict cardiovascular disease (CVD) such as myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two mutations, S128R in E-selectin and K469E in ICAM-1, were investigated in 156 patients with PAOD and 100 control subjects using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis in an Egyptian population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of E-selectin genotypes in patients affected by PAOD was 84.6% for the AA genotype and 15.4% for the AC genotype. In the control arm the distribution was 97% for the AA genotype and 3% for the AC genotype. There was a statistically significance difference in the distribution of the AC genotype in PAOD patients when compared with the control subjects. Additionally, the distribution of ICAM-1 genotypes in patients affected by PAOD was 30.8% with the EE, 48% with the EK, and 21.2% with the KK genotypes. The distribution of ICAM-1 genotypes in control subjects was 13% EE, 33% EK and 54% KK. The EE genotype was significantly more common in PAOD patients than in the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S128R and K469E polymorphisms were associated with increased risk in PAOD. Early detection of these polymorphic genes helps in early prophylaxis against PAOD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. olfatshaker@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Olfat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shaker
authors.forename: Amr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zahra
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sayed
authors.forename: Ayman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Refaat
authors.forename: Zakaria
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: El-Khaiat
authors.forename: Gehan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hegazy
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: El-Hindawi
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ay-El Deen
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000235:genetics; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000235:genetics*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics*; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1