title: Caregiver distress associated with neuropsychiatric problems in patients with early Parkinson's disease: the Norwegian ParkWest study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated caregiver distress associated with neuropsychiatric problems in patients with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Persons who were next of kins of 198 patients and 168 healthy individuals completed the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Caregiver Distress Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Even at the time of diagnosis PD has a considerable impact on the next of kins' experience of distress. Nearly 50% reported distress, significantly more than in the control group, and more than one-quarter reported moderate severe distress. Except the more rarely reported neuropsychiatric symptoms, apathy was the symptom that most frequently caused caregiver distress in PD patient's next of kin (94.5%), followed by depression (88.2%), anxiety (86.2%) and irritability (83.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study underlines the importance of focusing on neuropsychiatric aspects in patients and associated caregiver distress even in early PD management.
authors.affiliation: The Norwegian Centre for Movement Disorders, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway. leii@sus.no
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leiknes
authors.forename: O-B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Tysnes
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aarsland
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Larsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index