title: Attentional bias toward pictorial representations of pain in individuals with chronic headache.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated attentional biases for pictorial headache-related stimuli in individuals with chronic headache and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Attentional bias was assessed using a visual probe task that presented headache-related images and neutral images at 2 exposure duration conditions, 500 and 1250 ms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that individuals with chronic daily headache showed a significantly greater overall attentional bias across presentation times toward headache-related stimuli compared with the controls, which indicates a bias in both initial orienting and maintained attention to pain cues in this group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that both hypervigilance and sustained processing are critical factors for the maintenance of chronic pain.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Schoth
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liossi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D020773:Headache Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D017288:Pain Threshold; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014796:Visual Perception; D055815:Young Adult