title: Groshong catheter-related complications in children with cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with cancer undergo intensive treatments requiring reliable vascular access. Central venous catheters (CVCs) reduce discomfort due to venipuncture and the risks of extravasations from chemotherapy administration. The aim of our retrospective study was to assess safety and complications of Groshong devices in children with cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety Groshong CVCs were placed in 166 children over a 5-year period. Early complications, and infectious and mechanical events were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean period of permanence of the CVCs was 330 days per patient (range 7-1,037). Of the febrile episodes, 36 (34.6%) were CVC-related, with an incidence rate of 0.56 per 1,000 CVC days. Severe neutropenia conditions most of all complicated CVC-related infectious events (94.4%) and Gram-negative bacteria were those most often isolated (55%). Twenty CVCs were affected by mechanical or thrombotic complications, with an incidence of 0.33 episodes per 1,000 CVC days. Mechanical complications led to CVC removal in 6 (3.1%) cases, while CVC-related infective episodes were responsible for 10 (5.2%) CVC removals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long in situ duration of this device allowed it to be safely employed from the beginning to the end of the treatment period in most children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Catholic University, A. Gemelli Hospital, Rome, Italy. ruggiero@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruggiero
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Margani
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nanni
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pittiruti
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riccardi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020878:Device Removal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D056824:Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult