title: Acute dosimetry and estimation of threshold-inducing behavioral signs of thermal stress in rabbits at 2.45-GHz microwave exposure.
abstract: In the current international guidelines and standards for human exposure to microwaves (MWs), the basic restriction is determined by the whole-body average specific absorption rate (SAR). The basis for the guidelines is the adverse effect such as work stoppage in animals for whole-body average SARs above a certain level. Although it is known that absorbed MW energy causes the behavioral sign of thermal stress, the relationship of whole-body average SAR with temperature/temperature elevation has not been sufficiently investigated. In the present study, we performed experiments on rabbits exposed to 2.45-GHz MWs. A total of 24 measurements were conducted for power densities from approximately 100 to 1000 W/m(2). Our computational code for electromagnetic-thermal dosimetry was used to set the exposure time duration and incident power density. Our experimental results suggest that a core temperature elevation of 1 degrees C is an estimate of the threshold-inducing complex behavioral signs of MW-induced thermal stress in rabbits for different whole-body average SARs and exposure time durations. The whole-body average SAR required for MW-induced behavioral sign in rabbits was estimated as approximately 1.3 W/kg for 2.45-GHz MWs.
authors.affiliation: Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan. ahirata@nitech.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akimasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001822:Body Burden; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004056:Differential Threshold / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D008954:Models, Biological; D011817:Rabbits; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D014915:Whole-Body Counting / Q000379:methods*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000379:methods*