title: Pharmacokinetics and enhanced oral bioavailability in beagle dogs of cyclosporine A encapsulated in glyceryl monooleate/poloxamer 407 cubic nanoparticles.
abstract: Efforts to improve the oral bioavailability of cyclosporine A (CyA) remains a challenge in the field of drug delivery. In this study, glyceryl monooleate (GMO)/poloxamer 407 cubic nanoparticles were evaluated as potential vehicles to improve the oral bioavailability of CyA. Cubic nanoparticles were prepared via the fragmentation of a bulk GMO/poloxamer 407 cubic phase gel by sonication and homogenization. The cubic inner structure formed was verified using Cryo-TEM. The mean diameters of the nanoparticles were about 180 nm, and the entrapment efficiency of these particles for CyA was over 85%. The in vitro release of CyA from these nanoparticles was less than 5% at 12 h. The results of a pharmacokinetic study in beagle dogs showed improved absorption of CyA from cubic nanoparticles as compared to microemulsion-based Neoral((R)); higher C(max) (1371.18 +/- 37.34 vs 969.68 +/- 176.3 ng mL(-1)), higher AUC(0-t) (7757.21 +/- 1093.64 vs 4739.52 +/- 806.30 ng h mL(-1)) and AUC(0-infinity) (9004.77 +/- 1090.38 vs 5462.31 +/- 930.76 ng h mL(-1)). The relative oral bioavailability of CyA cubic nanoparticles calculated on the basis of AUC(0-infinity) was about 178% as compared to Neoral((R)). The enhanced bioavailability of CyA is likely due to facilitated absorption by cubic nanoparticles rather than improved release.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zongning
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Fuqiang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004285:Dogs; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009055:Mouth / Q000378:metabolism*; D053769:Nanocapsules / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D010316:Particle Size; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D053769:Nanocapsules; D020442:Poloxamer; D019301:Oleic Acid; D016572:Cyclosporine