title: Be kind to your eating disorder patients: the impact of positive and negative feedback on the explicit and implicit self-esteem of female patients with eating disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lack of self-esteem may play an important role in the development of eating disorders (ED). This study investigated the differential impact of positive and negative feedback on implicit and explicit self-esteem in women with an ED (N=25) as compared to women without an ED (N=29).
  
  
  METHODS
  False feedback (positive or negative) was given on participant's performance on a specifically developed intellectual test. Before and after the performance, explicit and implicit self-esteem was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the explicit measure ED patients reacted congruently with the nature of the feedback. On the implicit measure only ED patients responded to the positive feedback with an improvement of self-esteem, with no effect for negative feedback. The control group was unaffected by either feedback. Furthermore, no correlation was observed between the explicit and implicit measures, a finding suggesting that these measurements tap different constructs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Positive feedback affects implicit self-esteem of female patients with eating disorders. The results underline the importance of positively approaching women with ED.
authors.affiliation: University Psychiatric Center, Campus Kortenberg and Catholic University of Leuven, Leuvense Steenweg 517, B-3070 Belgium. johan.vanderlinden@ uc-kortenberg.be
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanderlinden
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kamphuis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Slagmolen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wigboldus
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Probst
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000523:psychology*; D001828:Body Image; D015992:Body Mass Index; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000523:psychology*; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D030141:Feedback, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007389:Internal-External Control; D012649:Self Concept; D012647:Self-Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult