title: The effect of calcipotriol on the expression of human beta defensin-2 and LL-37 in cultured human keratinocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitamin D has been reported to regulate innate immunity by controlling the expression of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effect of calcipotriol on the expression of AMPs in human cultured keratinocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Keratinocytes were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), TNF-alpha, Calcipotriol and irradiated with UVB, cultured, and harvested. To assess the expression of human beta defensin-2 and LL-37 in the control group, not exposed to any stimulants, the experimental group was treated with LPS, TNF-alpha, or UVB, and another group was treated again with calcipotriol; reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and immunohistochemical staining were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the experimental group treated with LPS, UVB irradiation, and TNF-alpha, the expression of beta-defensin and LL-37 was increased more than in the control group and then decreased in the experimental group treated with calcipotriol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcipotriol suppressed HBD-2 and LL-37, which were stimulated by UVB, LPS, and TNF-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-755, South Korea.
authors.forename: Beom Joon
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Kwan
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Rho
authors.forename: Hye In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mi Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Kapsok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Seong Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Myeung Nam
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang Kwun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054804:Cathelicidins
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; C106641:DEFB4A protein, human; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D023083:beta-Defensins; C055085:calcipotriene; D002117:Calcitriol; D054804:Cathelicidins