title: Cervical (non-terminal) myelocystocele associated with rapidly progressive hydrocephalus and Chiari type II malformation--case report.
abstract: An infant presented with a rare cervical (non-terminal) myelocystocele as a congenital skin-covered mass located in the midline of the posterior aspect of her neck. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography showed a cystic mass filled with cerebrospinal fluid in the midline of the posterior aspect of the neck, with a fibrous streak extending from the bottom of the sac to the dorsal surface of the cervical cord. Brain MR imaging also showed a dilated ventricular system and Chiari type II malformation. The patient underwent plastic repair of the lesion, which was diagnosed as myelocystocele. After the surgery, the patient experienced respiratory distress. Ultrasound tomography from the anterior fontanel revealed deterioration of hydrocephalus, so a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was inserted, and the respiratory distress improved. The present case illustrates the possibility of rapidly worsening of hydrocephalus and Chari type II malformation after surgical repair of cervical (non-terminal) myelocystocele.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Miyazaki Prefectural Hospital, Miyazaki. hochiai@fc.miyazaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miyaoka
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiguchi
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimao
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014696:Ventriculostomy