title: Expression of the inflammatory marker cyclooxygenase-2 in dental pulp cells cultured with mineral trioxide aggregate or calcium silicate cements.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and calcium silicate (CS) cements exhibit acceptable physical and chemical properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of MTA and CS cements on inflammatory reactions in primary cultured human dental pulp cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mitochondrial colorimetric assay was used to evaluate pulp cell survival rates. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry was used to observe focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) distributions in the cells. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to assess COX-2 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that MTA and CS are biocompatible with pulp cells (P>.05). FAK was well-distributed in pulp cells in contact with both cements. Both MTA and CS cements induced pulp cell inflammation as evidenced by increased COX-2 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrated that MTA and CS cements are biocompatible with primary cultured pulp cells. Both cements can induce inflammatory COX-2 expression in the pulp cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Oral Biology and Biomaterials, Chung Shan Medical University, and Dental Department, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chia-Tze
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Shinn-Jyh
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Ming-You
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shie
authors.forename: Tsui-Hsien
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D010087:Oxides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017640:Silicates / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C031293:calcium silicate