title: Activation of gibberellin 2-oxidase 6 decreases active gibberellin levels and creates a dominant semi-dwarf phenotype in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
abstract: Gibberellin (GA) 2-oxidase plays a key role in the GA catabolic pathway through 2beta-hydroxylation. In the present study, we isolated a CaMV 35S-enhancer activation tagged mutant, H032. This mutant exhibited a dominant dwarf and GA-deficient phenotype, with a final stature that was less than half of its wild-type counterpart. The endogenous bioactive GAs are markedly decreased in the H032 mutant, and application of bioactive GAs (GA(3) or GA(4)) can reverse the dwarf phenotype. The integrated T-DNA was detected 12.8 kb upstream of the OsGA2ox6 in the H032 genome by TAIL-PCR. An increased level of OsGA2ox6 mRNA was detected at a high level in the H032 mutant, which might be due to the enhancer role of the CaMV 35S promoter. RNAi and ectopic expression analysis of OsGA2ox6 indicated that the dwarf trait and the decreased levels of bioactive GAs in the H032 mutant were a result of the up-regulation of the OsGA2ox6 gene. BLASTP analysis revealed that OsGA2ox6 belongs to the class III of GA 2-oxidases, which is a novel type of GA2ox that uses C20-GAs (GA(12) and/or GA(53)) as the substrates. Interestingly, we found that a GA biosynthesis inhibitor, paclobutrazol, positively regulated the OsGA2ox6 gene. Unlike the over-expression of OsGA2ox1, which led to a high rate of seed abortion, the H032 mutant retained normal flowering and seed production. These results indicate that OsGA2ox6 mainly affects plant stature, and the dominant dwarf trait of the H032 mutant can be used as an efficient dwarf resource in rice breeding.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and Center for Plant Gene Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Baoxiang
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Lilan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Aiqing
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hengxiu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Minghong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Zhukuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005799:Genes, Dominant / Q000235:genetics*; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport; D034622:RNA Interference; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005875:Gibberellins; C036483:T-DNA; D014230:Triazoles; C053370:paclobutrazol; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C121463:gibberellin 2-dioxygenase