title: Effect of aripiprazole, risperidone, and olanzapine on the acoustic startle response in Japanese chronic schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have also shown that differences in the kind of the antipsychotics influenced disruption of the sensorimotor gating system, including prepulse inhibition (PPI), acoustic startle reflex (ASR), and habituation (HAB). We investigated the influence on startle response in chronic schizophrenia in 20 patients with schizophrenia taking risperidone, 21 patients with schizophrenia taking olanzapine, and 20 patients with schizophrenia taking aripiprazole.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients who participated in this study were on maintenance therapy with only one antipsychotic drug for 4 months. We performed the test for the association between all PPI measures (ASR, HAB, and PPI at prepulse sound pressure intensities of 82, 86, and 90 dB) and each the risperidene, olanzapine, and aripiprazole groups, with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA; using age, duration of illness, and daily dose of the antipsychotic as covariates). Also, when significant difference was detected in ANCOVA, the differences of PPI measures between every pairs of two drug groups were tested as a post hoc analysis with the use of t test and Bonferroni's correction of multiple tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that PPI90 showed significant differences with ANCOVA among patients with schizophrenia taking each of the antipsychotics. When we performed a post hoc analysis for PPI90, the value was higher in the aripiprazole group than in the olanzapine group and higher in the risperidone group than in the olanzapine group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aripiprazole and risperidone may improve PPI90. ASR, HAB, PPI82, and PPI86 were no different among the Japanese schizophrenic patient groups with different antipsychotics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan. tarok@fujita-hu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitajima
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Tomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okochi
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuo
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naitoh
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Nakao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwata
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D044466:Asian People; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001767:Blinking / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects*; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D015363:Quinolones; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D018967:Risperidone; D000077152:Olanzapine