[Childhood bacterial meningitis trends in Japan from 2007 to 2008].
We surveyed pediatrics bacterial meningitis epidemiology from January 2007 to December 2008 in Japan, with the following results: Cases numbered 287-160 male and 127 female-equivalent to 1.54-1.62 of 1,000 pediatric hospitalization per year. Children under 1-year-old accounted for the highest number of cases, which decreased with increasing age. Haemophilus influenzae was the most common cause of infection, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae, group B streptococcus (GBS), and Escherichia coli. GBS and E. coli were major pathogens in children under 4 months of age, while H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae mainly accounted for those over 4 months of age. Susceptibility tests showed that 51% of H. influenzae isolates and 56.5% of S. pneumoniae isolates in 2008 were drug-resistant. Ampicillin combined with cephem antibiotics effective against GBS, E. coli, and Listeria, were mainly used to initially treat those under 4 months of age. In those over 4 months of age, carbapenem antibiotics are effective against PRSP and cephem antibiotics against H. influenza.
Sunakawa
Keisuke
K
Kitasato Institute for Life Science & Graduate School of Infection Control Science, Kitasato University.
Sakai
Fuminori
F
Hirao
Yuriko
Y
Hanaki
Hideaki
H
Nonoyama
Masato
M
Iwata
Satoshi
S
Akita
Hironobu
H
Sato
Yoshitake
Y
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000453:epidemiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology