title: The effect of water on particle size, porosity and the rate of drug release from implanted titania reservoirs.
abstract: The implantation of controlled drug release devices represents a new strategy in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Sol-gel titania implants filled with valproic acid, have been used for this purpose to treat induced epilepsy in rats. The kinetics of the drug release depend on: (a) porosity, (b) chemical interactions between valproic acid and surface hydroxyl groups of titania, (c) particle size, and (d) particle size agglomerates. The concentration of water used in the hydrolysis reaction is an important variable in the degree of porosity, hydroxylation, and structural defects of the nanostructured titanium oxide reservoir. The titanium n-butoxide/water ratio was systematically varied during the sol-gel synthesis, while maintaining the amount of valproic acid constant. Characterization studies were performed using DTA-TGA, FTIR, Raman, TEM, SEM, BET, and in vitro release kinetic measurements. The particle agglomerate size and porosity were found to depend on the amount of water used in the sol-gel reaction.
authors.affiliation: Departamento Atención a la Salud, UAM-Xochimilco, D F, México. tessy3@prodigy.net.mx
authors.forename: Tessy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alexander-Katz
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Odriozola
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Pier Paolo
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Lottici
authors.forename: Iari G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Marino
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D010316:Particle Size; D016062:Porosity; D014025:Titanium; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014867:Water; D014635:Valproic Acid; D014025:Titanium