title: Making the weight: a case study from professional boxing.
abstract: Professional boxing is a combat sport categorized into a series of weight classes. Given the sport's underpinning culture, boxers' typical approach to "making weight" is usually via severe acute and/or chronic energy restriction and dehydration. Such practices have implications for physical performance and also carry health risks. This article provides a case-study account outlining a more structured and gradual approach to helping a professional male boxer make weight for the 59-kg superfeatherweight division. Over a 12-week period, the client athlete adhered to a daily diet approximately equivalent to his resting metabolic rate (6-7 MJ; 40% carbohydrate, 38% protein, 22% fat). Average body-mass loss was 0.9 + or - 0.4 kg/wk, equating to a total loss of 9.4 kg. This weight loss resulted in a decrease in percent body fat from 12.1% to 7.0%. In the 30 hr between weigh-in and competition, the client consumed a high-carbohydrate diet (12 g/kg body mass) supported by appropriate hydration strategies and subsequently entered the ring at a fighting weight of 63.2 kg. This nutritional strategy represented a major change in the client's habitual weight-making practices and did not rely on any form of intended dehydration during the training period or before weighing in. The intervention demonstrates that a more gradual approach to making weight in professional boxing can be successfully achieved via a combination of restricted energy intake and increased energy expenditure, providing there is willingness on the part of the athlete and coaches involved to adopt novel practices.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: Don P M
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: MacLaren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D001914:Boxing / Q000502:physiology*; D003681:Dehydration / Q000517:prevention & control; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology