title: Renal injury due to hepatic hydatid disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many studies on renal hydatid disease have been reported in the literature, and the disease process appears to be well defined. However, renal injury without direct renal invasion remains poorly understood. The present study aims to define the frequency and the property of the renal involvement in hydatid disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients older than 18 years and diagnosed with liver echinococcosis were included in the study. The echinococcosis was diagnosed by the haemagglutination test and abdominal ultrasonography. Twenty-four-hour protein excretion was measured for patients who had elevated serum creatinine levels or whose urinalyses were positive for haematuria or proteinuria. Subsequently, renal biopsy was performed, and the specimens were examined by light microscopy and immunofluorescence staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Haematuria was detected in 11 patients (13.75%), and proteinuria was detected in nine patients (11.25%). Percutaneous renal biopsy was applied to nine patients who gave signed consents to undergo the test. We detected four immunoglobulin A nephritis (together with tubulointerstitial nephritis in one patient), one membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, one immunoglobulin M nephritis together with mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis, one membranous glomerulonephritis, one amyloidosis and one tubulointerstitial nephritis. Renal hydatid cyst was detected only in four patients (5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydatid disease, which affects the kidney, is not rare, and we suggest that urinalysis and, if indicated, renal biopsy should be performed for hepatic hydatid disease diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Ankara Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. altay_mustafa@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altay
authors.forename: Selman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Unverdi
authors.forename: Fatma Aybala
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Altay
authors.forename: Mevlüt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ceri
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akay
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiraç
authors.forename: Nazim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Denizli
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Necmettin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Güvence
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duranay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D004444:Echinococcosis, Hepatic / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology