title: Myoelectric activity of the ileum, cecum, proximal loop of the ascending colon, and spiral colon in cows with naturally occurring cecal dilatation-dislocation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze myoelectric activity of the ileum, cecum, proximal loop of the ascending colon (PLAC), and spiral colon in cows with naturally occurring cecal dilatation-dislocation (CDD) and compare findings with those in healthy cows.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 CDD-affected and 6 healthy control cows.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immediately after diagnosis, CDD-affected cows underwent surgery; control cows underwent a similar surgical procedure. Before completion of surgery, 8 bipolar silver electrodes were implanted in the ileum (n = 2), cecum (1), PLAC (1), and spiral colon (4) of each cow. Beginning the day after surgery, intestinal myoelectric activity was recorded daily (8-hour period) for 4 days; data were analyzed by use of specialized software programs. Quantitative variables of myoelectric activity were compared between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cows of both groups recovered without complications after surgery. In control cows, physiologic myoelectric activity was recorded in all intestinal segments on all days after surgery. Apparently normal myoelectric activity was evident in the ileum of CDD-affected cows on the first day after surgery, but myoelectric activity patterns in the cecum, PLAC, and spiral colon were variable with no organized cyclic myoelectric patterns, incomplete or normally organized migrating myoelectric complexes, and slow normalization over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After surgery for CDD, normal myoelectric patterns were disrupted in the large intestine of cows, especially in the spiral colon. Clinical recovery with effective transit of ingesta occurred before normalization of myoelectric activity in the large intestine. Therapeutic protocols for restoration or normalization of spiral colon motility should be developed for treatment of CDD-affected cattle.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse-Faculty, University of Berne, 3012 Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kunz-Kirchhofer
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schelling
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Probst
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brechbühl
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meylan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002432:Cecum / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006799:Housing, Animal; D007082:Ileum / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000662:veterinary*; D016065:Myoelectric Complex, Migrating / Q000502:physiology; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000662:veterinary