title: Radiation dose from single-heartbeat coronary CT angiography performed with a 320-detector row volume scanner.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine radiation doses from coronary computed tomographic (CT) angiography performed by using a 320-detector row volume scanner and evaluate how the effective dose depends on scan mode and the calculation method used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radiation doses from coronary CT angiography performed by using a volume scanner were determined by using metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor detectors positioned in an anthropomorphic phantom physically and radiographically simulating a male or female human. Organ and effective doses were determined for six scan modes, including both 64-row helical and 280-row volume scans. Effective doses were compared with estimates based on the method most commonly used in clinical literature: multiplying dose-length product (DLP) by a general conversion coefficient (0.017 or 0.014 mSv.mGy(-1).cm(-1)), determined from Monte Carlo simulations of chest CT by using single-section scanners and previous tissue-weighting factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Effective dose was reduced by up to 91% with volume scanning relative to helical scanning, with similar image noise. Effective dose, determined by using International Commission on Radiological Protection publication 103 tissue-weighting factors, was 8.2 mSv, using volume scanning with exposure permitting a wide reconstruction window, 5.8 mSv with optimized exposure and 4.4 mSv for optimized 100-kVp scanning. Estimating effective dose with a chest conversion coefficient resulted in a dose as low as 1.8 mSv, substantially underestimating effective dose for both volume and helical coronary CT angiography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Volume scanning markedly decreases coronary CT angiography radiation doses compared with those at helical scanning. When conversion coefficients are used to estimate effective dose from DLP, they should be appropriate for the scanner and scan mode used and reflect current tissue-weighting factors. (c) RSNA, 2010.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Cardiology Division, Department of Radiology, and Center for Radiological Research, Columbia University Medical Center and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, 622 W 168th St, PH 10-203A, New York, NY 10032, USA. andrew.einstein@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Einstein
authors.forename: Carl D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Elliston
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Marcus Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mather
authors.forename: Gregory D N
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Delapaz
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nickoloff
authors.forename: Ajoy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D001822:Body Burden; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed