title: TC10-like/TC10betaLong regulates adipogenesis by controlling mitotic clonal expansion.
abstract: To elucidate molecular mechanisms of adipocyte differentiation, we previously isolated TC10-like/TC10betaLong (TCL/TC10betaL), regulators of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2), factor for adipocyte differentiation (fad) 104 and fad158, which were transiently expressed in the early phase of adipogenesis. These four genes seem to be positive regulators of adipogenesis, since their knockdown resulted in the inhibition of adipocyte differentiation. When growth-arrested 3T3-L1 cells were induced to differentiate, they first reentered the cell cycle and underwent several rounds of cell division, a process known as mitotic clonal expansion (MCE). Although MCE is required for completion of the differentiation program, its molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We examined the roles of these four genes during MCE. Knockdown of the expression of TCL/TC10betaL impaired MCE, while that of RGS2 or fad104 had a rather weak effect and that of fad158 had no effect. The suppression of TCL/TC10betaL inhibited the incorporation of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), indicating that DNA synthesis was prevented by the knockdown. Interestingly, the knockdown of TCL/TC10betaL inhibited the expression of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) family, C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta, during MCE. The results strongly suggest that TCL/TC10betaL regulates adipocyte differentiation by controlling MCE and this regulatory effect is closely linked to C/EBPbeta and C/EBPdelta expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Aichi 467-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawaji
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishizuka
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imagawa
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D051743:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-delta / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics*; D020710:RGS Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020710:RGS Proteins; C105345:Rgs2 protein, mouse; C485944:Rhoj protein, mouse; D051743:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-delta; D004247:DNA; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine