title: BFV activates the NF-kappaB pathway through its transactivator (BTas) to enhance viral transcription.
abstract: Multiple families of viruses have evolved sophisticated strategies to regulate nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signaling, which plays a pivotal role in diverse cellular events, including virus-host interactions. In this study, we report that bovine foamy virus (BFV) is able to activate the NF-kappaB pathway through the action of its transactivator, BTas. Both cellular IKKbeta and IkappaBalpha also participate in this activation. In addition, we demonstrate that BTas induces the processing of p100, which implies that BTas can activate NF-kappaB through a noncanonical pathway as well. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis shows that BTas interacts with IKK catalytic subunits (IKKalpha and IKKbeta), which may be responsible for regulation of IKK kinase activity and persistent NF-kappaB activation. Furthermore, our results indicate that the level of BTas-mediated LTR transcription correlates with the activity of cellular NF-kappaB. Together, this study suggests that BFV activates the NF-kappaB pathway through BTas to enhance viral transcription.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Xihui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Qicheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yunqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Wentao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D016092:Spumavirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014764:Viral Proteins; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase