title: Emerging functions of force-producing kinetochore motors.
abstract: More than two decades of research has resulted in the identification of some 60 microtubule motor proteins, several of which have been implicated in mitosis. Although some kinesin super-family proteins function as microtubule depolymerases at kinetochores, such as Kinesin-8 and -13, it is now appreciated that there are only two force-producing kinetochore associated motors, the plus end-directed microtubule motor CENP-E and the minus end-directed microtubule motor cytoplasmic dynein. Defining their roles at kinetochores has been hampered by the complexity of mitosis itself, and a multiplicity of mitotic roles, at least for cytoplasmic dynein. Nonetheless, recent advances have served to define the primary roles of the two kinetochore motors in detail.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Yinghui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Dileep
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vallee
mesh_terms: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000502:physiology*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis; D008954:Models, Biological
chemical_list: D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C068688:centromere protein E; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins