title: Genetic and dietary regulation of lipid droplet expansion in Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: Dietary fat accumulates in lipid droplets or endolysosomal compartments that undergo selective expansion under normal or pathophysiological conditions. We find that genetic defects in a peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway cause size expansion in lipid droplets that are distinct from the lysosome-related organelles in Caenorhabditis elegans. Expansion of lipid droplets is accompanied by an increase in triglycerides (TAG) that are resistant to fasting- or TAG lipase-triggered lipolysis. Nevertheless, in mutant animals, a diet poor in vaccenic acid reduced the TAG level and lipid droplet size. Our results implicate peroxisomal dysfunction in pathologic lipid droplet expansion in animals and illustrate how dietary factors modulate the phenotype of such genetic defects.
authors.affiliation: Stowers Institute for Medical Research, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.
authors.forename: Shaobing O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Box
authors.forename: Ningyi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Le Men
authors.forename: Jingyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Fengli
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Rhonda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trimble
authors.forename: Ho Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Mak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D015153:Blotting, Western; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008066:Lipolysis; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009154:Mutation; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D009829:Oleic Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C534632:ATGL-1 protein, C elegans; D008049:Lipase; C050413:11-octadecenoic acid