title: The potential of multi-slice computed tomography based volumetry for demonstrating reverse remodeling induced by cardiac resynchronization therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) was proved to provide precise cardiac volumetric assessment. Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is an effective treatment for selected patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFREF). In HFREF patients we investigated the potential of MSCT based wall motion analysis in order to demonstrate CRT-induced reversed remodeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Besides six patients with normal cardiac pump function serving as control group seven HFREF patients underwent contrast enhanced MSCT before and after CRT. Short cardiac axis views of the left ventricle (LV) in end-diastole (ED) and end-systole (ES) served for planimetry. Pre- and post-CRT MSCT based volumetry was compared with 2D echo. To demonstrate CRT-induced reverse remodeling, MSCT based multi-segment color-coded polar maps were introduced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With regard to the HFREF patients pre-CRT MSCT based volumetry correlated with 2D echo data for LV-EDV (MSCT 278.3+/-75.0mL vs. echo 274.4+/-85.6mL) r=0.380, p=0.401, LV-ESV (MSCT 226.7+/-75.4mL vs. echo 220.1+/-74.0mL) r=0.323, p=0.479 and LV-EF (MSCT 20.2+/-8.8% vs. echo 20.0+/-11.9%) r=0.617, p=0.143. Post-CRT MSCT correlated well with 2D echo: LV-EDV (MSCT 218.9+/-106.4mL vs. echo 188.7+/-93.1mL) r=0.87, p=0.011, LV-ESV (MSCT 145+/-71.5mL vs. echo 125.6+/-78mL) r=0.84, p=0.018 and LV-EF (MSCT 29.6+/-11.3mL vs. echo 38.6+/-14.6mL) r=0.89, p=0.007. There was a significant increase of the mid-ventricular septum in terms of absolute LV wall thickening of the responders (pre 0.9+/-2.1mm vs. post 3.3+/-2.2mm; p<0.0005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSCT based volumetry involving multi-segment color-coded polar maps offers wall motion analysis to demonstrate CRT-induced reverse remodeling which needs to be further validated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. clanger@hdz-nrw.de <clanger@hdz-nrw.de>
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: Janina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peterschroeder
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vaske
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Faber
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Welge
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niethammer
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamp
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Butz
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bitter
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Horstkotte
mesh_terms: D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control