title: Detection of bacterial DNA in acute and chronic cholecystitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of bacterbilia in cholelithiasis remains controversial. The positivity of cultures ranges from 0 to 73 per cent. The aim of this study was to employ the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect bacterial DNA in gallbladder bile extracted during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and to compare PCR findings with those of bile culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bile samples from 84 laparoscopic cholecystectomies were collected for culture and PCR analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive results for bacterbilia were found in 42 (50 per cent) of 84 patients by PCR but in only 16 patients (19 per cent) by culture (P < 0.001). Agreement between the two methods was seen in 44 samples (52 per cent), which were negative in 35 cases. Pathological examination showed chronic cholecystitis in 69 cases (82 per cent) and acute cholecystitis in 15 (18 per cent). Thirty-three (48 per cent) of the patients with chronic cholecystitis were PCR positive but only ten (14 per cent) were culture positive (P < 0.001). Only culture results correlated with findings on pathological examination (P = 0.033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCR is more sensitive in detecting bacterial contamination of gallbladder bile in cholecystitis than conventional culture. The clinical relevance of this high sensitivity remains unclear.
authors.affiliation: Biomolecular Laboratory, Medical Department, UNIVILLE University, Brazil.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: P H C
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: França
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: A C L
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinho
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001646:Bile / Q000382:microbiology; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial