Dietary pattern classifications with nutrient intake and health-risk factors in Korean men.
OBJECTIVE
This study was performed to identify dietary patterns in Korean men and to determine the associations among dietary patterns, nutrient intake, and health-risk factors.


METHODS
Using baseline data from the Korean Health and Genome Study, dietary patterns were identified using factor analysis of data from a validated food-frequency questionnaire, and associations between these dietary patterns and health-risk factors were analyzed.


RESULTS
Three dietary patterns were identified: 1) the "animal-food" pattern (greater intake of meats, fish, and dairy products), 2) the "rice-vegetable" pattern (greater intake of rice, tofu, kimchi, soybean paste, vegetables, and seaweed), and 3) the "noodle-bread" pattern (greater intake of instant noodles, Chinese noodles, and bread). The animal-food pattern (preferred by younger people with higher income and education levels) had a positive correlation with obesity and hypercholesterolemia, whereas the rice-vegetable pattern (preferred by older people with lower income and educational levels) was positively associated with hypertension. The noodle-bread pattern (also preferred by younger people with higher income and education levels) had a positive association with abdominal obesity and hypercholesterolemia.


CONCLUSIONS
This study identifies three unique dietary patterns in Korean men, which are independently associated with certain health-risk factors. The rice-vegetable dietary pattern, modified for a low sodium intake, might be a healthy dietary pattern for Korean men.
Lee
Ji Eun
JE
Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
Kim
Jung-Hyun
JH
Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
Son
Say Jin
SJ
Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
Ahn
Younjhin
Y
National Genome Research Institute, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea.
Lee
Juyoung
J
National Genome Research Institute, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea.
Park
Chan
C
National Genome Research Institute, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Seoul, Korea.
Lee
Lilha
L
Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
Erickson
Kent L
KL
Department of Cell Biology and Human Anatomy, University of California, Davis, California, USA.
Jung
In-Kyung
IK
Department of Home Economics Education, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: ikjung@cau.ac.kr.
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification; D004034:Diet Surveys; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000209:etiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology*; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology*; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires