Perchlorate, iodine and the thyroid.
In pharmacologic doses, perchlorate inhibits thyroidal iodine uptake and subsequently decreases thyroid hormone production. Although pharmacologic doses may be used in the treatment of hyperthyroidism, recent literature has focussed on the detection of low levels of perchlorate in the environment, groundwater and foodstuffs and their potential adverse effects on human thyroid function. This is of particular concern to the developing foetus and infant, whose normal neurodevelopment depends on adequate iodine intake for the production of thyroid hormones. Further research is needed to clarify the potential health effects of low-level chronic environmental perchlorate exposure. The health impact of environmental perchlorate may be dependent upon adequate iodine intake and should be interpreted in combination with other environmental exposures that are also potential thyroidal endocrine disruptors.
Leung
Angela M
AM
Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Nutrition, Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Pearce
Elizabeth N
EN
Braverman
Lewis E
LE
D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D027981:Symporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
D013956:Antithyroid Agents; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007455:Iodine; D010472:Perchlorates; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters; C494474:perchlorate