Exploiting automatic on-line renewable molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction in lab-on-valve format as front end to liquid chromatography: application to the determination of riboflavin in foodstuffs.
In the present work, it is proposed, for the first time, an on-line automatic renewable molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (MISPE) protocol for sample preparation prior to liquid chromatographic analysis. The automatic microscale procedure was based on the bead injection (BI) concept under the lab-on-valve (LOV) format, using a multisyringe burette as propulsion unit for handling solutions and suspensions. A high precision on handling the suspensions containing irregularly shaped molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) particles was attained, enabling the use of commercial MIP as renewable sorbent. The features of the proposed BI-LOV manifold also allowed a strict control of the different steps within the extraction protocol, which are essential for promoting selective interactions in the cavities of the MIP. By using this on-line method, it was possible to extract and quantify riboflavin from different foodstuff samples in the range between 0.450 and 5.00 mg L(-1) after processing 1,000 microL of sample (infant milk, pig liver extract, and energy drink) without any prior treatment. For milk samples, LOD and LOQ values were 0.05 and 0.17 mg L(-1), respectively. The method was successfully applied to the analysis of two certified reference materials (NIST 1846 and BCR 487) with high precision (RSD < 5.5%). Considering the downscale and simplification of the sample preparation protocol and the simultaneous performance of extraction and chromatographic assays, a cost-effective and enhanced throughput (six determinations per hour) methodology for determination of riboflavin in foodstuff samples is deployed here.
Oliveira
Hugo M
HM
REQUIMTE, Serviço de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4099-030, Porto, Portugal.
Segundo
Marcela A
MA
REQUIMTE, Serviço de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4099-030, Porto, Portugal. msegundo@ff.up.pt.
Lima
José L F C
JLFC
REQUIMTE, Serviço de Química-Física, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4099-030, Porto, Portugal.
Miró
Manuel
M
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain.
Cerdà
Victor
V
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma, Illes Balears, Spain.
D001331:Automation; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D054802:Molecular Imprinting; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction
D011108:Polymers; D012256:Riboflavin