title: Micro-orchestrating differentiation in cancer.
abstract: Differentiation involves repression of genes governing proliferation and self-renewal, and transcriptional activation of lineage-specific genes. The mechanisms underlying these changes are epigenetic. In cancer cells differentiation genes are locked into a transcriptionally inactive state. Recent results show that in spite of the diversity of the genetic lesions leading to a cancerous phenotype, it may still be possible to release this block and to force differentiation. The key may be microRNAs (miRNAs) which directly or indirectly target epigenetic modifiers. These miRNAs could allow to apply to solid tumors the non-toxic differentiative approach currently adopted in some haematologic malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Pharmacology and Forensic Medicine and Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taulli
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bersani
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ponzetto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs