title: A patient with refractory nephrotic syndrome withdrawn from peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: A 67-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of anasarca due to refractory nephrotic syndrome and chronic renal insufficiency. Laboratory data indicated serum total protein of 4.8 g/dl, albumin of 1.5 g/dl, creatinine of 1.9 mg/dl and BUN of 17 mg/dl. Urinary protein excretion was 7.8 g/day. Because of severe atrophy of both kidneys, neither renal biopsy nor immunosuppressive treatment was performed. Since conservative management including bed rest, diet therapy, limitation of water intake and administration of diuretics was not effective, peritoneal dialysis therapy using icodextrin only at night was started. The amount of water removal was steadily secured without progressing renal dysfunction or decreasing urine volume. From day 290 onward, the urinary protein excretion was decreased to show complete remission and urine volume increased. On day 528, peritoneal dialysis was discontinued, and thereafter only peritoneal lavage was performed. On day 858, the catheter was removed from the abdominal cavity, and thereafter diuretics could be discontinued. The reason for the dramatic reduction of urinary protein in this patient is unclear. However, it is possible that the primary disease such as membranous nephritis showed remission while the patient was undergoing icodextrin peritoneal dialysis, which preserves renal function but not extracorporeal ultrafiltration or hemodialysis. Icodextrin peritoneal dialysis may be an alternative to hemodialysis for refractory fluid overload in patients with nephrotic syndrome and may have the advantage of preserving renal function.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. morimots@hirakata.kmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Someya
authors.forename: Tatsuyori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Fusakazu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Nagaoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosaki
authors.forename: Mitsushige
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Toshiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005936:Glucans / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005947:Glucose / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077607:Icodextrin; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010533:Peritoneal Lavage; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D005936:Glucans; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions; D000077607:Icodextrin; D005947:Glucose