Favorable outcome in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia with the nucleophosmin gene mutation autografted after conditioning with high-dose continuous infusion of idarubicin and busulfan.
Mutations of the nucleophosmin gene (NPM1), in the absence of concurrent FLT3-internal tandem duplication (FLT3-ITD) have impressive prognostic value in patients with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), carrying normal karyotype (NK). In this study we describe treatment results from a series of 19 patients with NPM+/FLT3- autografted in first complete remission (CR) after conditioning with a regimen, named BuI, based on high-dose continuous infusion of idarubicin and Busulfan. Ninety-nine consecutive patients (median age of 54 years) with NK AML autografted in first CR were analyzed. Nineteen of 99 patients (19%) had NPM1 mutation in the absence of FLT3 mutations. The control group, accounting for 80 patients, included 16 cases (15%) with both mutations, 10 (12%) with FLT3/ITD mutation and no NPM mutation, and 54 (68%) in whom neither NPM1 nor FLT3 mutations were detectable. The median overall survival (OS) for the whole patient population was 34 months, the median disease-free survival (DFS) was 22 months. Median OS and DFS were significantly longer for patients with isolated NPM1 mutation as opposed to controls (OS: not reached versus 25 months, P = .02; DFS: not reached versus 16 months, P = .007, respectively). Of interest, patients with isolated NPM1 mutation had a better outcome in terms of either OS or DFS compared to the group of 16 NMP1+/FLT3+ patients. In conclusion, our study suggest that BuI regimen results in favorable clinical outcome in patients with isolated NPM1 mutation, and could be investigated in a randomized study versus other regimes or repeated courses of high dose cytosine-arabinoside.
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Division of Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Unit, Cardarelli Hospital, Naples, Italy. felicettoferrara@katamail.com
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002066:Busulfan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015255:Idarubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D011379:Prognosis; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics
C000716967:NPM1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; C497970:FLT3 protein, human; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3; D002066:Busulfan; D015255:Idarubicin