title: 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine: a new potential independent prognostic factor in breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-oxodG) is the commonly used marker of oxidative stress-derived DNA damage. 8-OxodG formation is regulated by local antioxidant capacity and DNA repair enzyme activity. Earlier studies have reported contradictory data on the function of 8-oxodG as a prognostic factor in different cancer types.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed pre-operative serum 8-oxodG levels with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a well-defined series of 173 breast cancer patients. 8-OxodG expression in the nuclei of cancer cells from 150 of these patients was examined by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum 8-oxodG levels and immunohistochemical 8-oxodG expression were in concordance with each other (P<0.05). Negative 8-oxodG immunostaining was an independent prognostic factor for poor breast cancer-specific survival according to the multivariate analysis (P<0.01). This observation was even more remarkable when ductal carcinomas only (n=140) were considered (P<0.001). A low serum 8-oxodG level was associated statistically significantly with lymphatic vessel invasion and a positive lymph node status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low serum 8-oxodG levels and a low immunohistochemical 8-oxodG expression were associated with an aggressive breast cancer phenotype. In addition, negative 8-oxodG immunostaining was a powerful prognostic factor for breast cancer-specific death in breast carcinoma patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, Oulu University Hospital, Finland. henrijuh@mail.student.oulu.fi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sova
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jukkola-Vuorinen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Puistola
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kauppila
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Karihtala
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine