title: Evaluation of the effect of glucosamine on an experimental rat osteoarthritis model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the in vivo effect of glucosamine on articular cartilage in osteoarthritis (OA), we evaluated serum biomarkers such as CTX-II (type II collagen degradation) and CPII (type II collagen synthesis) as well as histopathological changes (Mankin score, toluidine blue staining of proteoglycans in an experimental OA model using rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  OA was surgically induced in the knee joint by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in rats. Animals were divided into three groups: sham-operated group (Sham), ACLT group without GlcN administration (-GlcN) and ACLT group with oral administration of glucosamine hydrochloride (+GlcN; 1000mg/kg/day for 56days).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ACLT induced macroscopic erosive changes on the surfaces of articular cartilage and histological damages such as increase of Mankin score. Of note, glucosamine administration substantially suppressed the macroscopic changes, although the effect on Mankin score was not significant. In addition, serum CTX-II levels were elevated in -GlcN group compared to that in Sham group after the operation. Of importance, the increase of CTX-II was significantly suppressed by GlcN administration. Moreover, serum CP-II levels were substantially increased in +GlcN group compared to those in Sham and -GlcN groups after the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GlcN has a potential to exert a chondroprotective action on OA by inhibiting type II collagen degradation and enhancing type II collagen synthesis in the articular cartilage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, 1129 Nagaoka, Izunokuni, Shizuoka 410-2295, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyohito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watari
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furuhata
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yomogida
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D012015:Reference Standards
chemical_list: D024043:Collagen Type II; D005944:Glucosamine