title: Interaction Rating Scale (IRS) as an evidence-based practical index of children's social skills and parenting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this paper is to describe the features of the Interaction Rating Scale (IRS) as an evidence-based practical index of children's social skills and parenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants in our study, which was conducted as part of a Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) project, were 370 dyads of children (aged 18, 30, and 42 month) and 81 dyads of 7-year-old children with their caregivers. The participants completed the five minute interaction session and were observed using the IRS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicated that the IRS can measure children's social skill development and parenting with high validity. Along with the discriminate validity for pervasive development disorder (PDD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), abuse and maltreatment, a high correlation with the SDQ (Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire), and high reliability, the IRS is effective in describing features of social skill development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IRS provides further evidence of the fact that in order to study children's social skill development, it is important to evaluate various features of the caregiver-child interaction as a predictor of social skills.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Science and Technology for Society, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Tokyo, Japan. anmet@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tokie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Anme
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Yuka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugisawa
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Taeko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onda
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tomisaki
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Amarsanaa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gan-Yadam
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yato
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamakawa
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019370:Observation; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012919:Social Behavior