title: Pathways of extrapancreatic perineural invasion by pancreatic adenocarcinoma: evaluation with 3D volume-rendered MDCT imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article is to familiarize radiologists with the common pathways of extrapancreatic perineural invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to highlight the potential value of 3D volume-rendered MDCT in its diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The perineural plexuses closely follow peripancreatic vessels, which are well depicted by contrast-enhanced 3D volume-rendered imaging, thus facilitating the diagnosis of extrapancreatic perineural invasion of pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr., Rm. H1307, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Swati D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Deshmukh
authors.forename: Jürgen K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Willmann
authors.forename: R Brooke
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010524:Peripheral Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*