Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: a novel agent for reducing cardiovascular risk?
Vitamin D deficiency is a well-established risk factor for bone disease. Emerging data suggest a pleiotropic role of this agent in a variety of functions in humans. Epidemiological studies indicate an inverse association between vitamin D deficiency and the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as individual cardiometabolic risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency has been implicated in the atherosclerotic process. This review considers current data regarding the role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of CVD and addresses the effect of supplementation on cardiovascular outcomes.
Anagnostis
Panagiotis
P
Endocrinology Clinic, Hippokration Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. anagnwstis.pan@yahoo.gr
Athyros
Vasilios G
VG
Adamidou
Fotini
F
Florentin
Matilda
M
Karagiannis
Asterios
A
D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control
D014807:Vitamin D