title: Microwave ablation treatment of liver cancer with 2,450-MHz cooled-shaft antenna: an experimental and clinical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effects of microwave ablation with a 2,450-MHz internally cooled-shaft antenna in animal experiments and in a clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Microwave ablation was performed using a cooled-shaft antenna in eight in vivo (36 ablations) porcine livers. The coagulation diameters achieved in different microwave ablation parameter groups were compared. Sixty patients (44 men, 16 women; mean age 53 years) with 96, 1-8 cm (mean 3.20 +/- 0.17 cm) liver cancers were treated with the same microwave ablation technique. Complete ablation (CA), local tumor progression (LTP) rates and complications were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vivo livers, short axis diameter correlated with the coagulation duration in a sigmoidal curve fashion (60-W group R(2) = 0.76, 80-W group R(2) = 0.87), with a relative plateau achieved within 10 min for power settings of 60 or 80 W. Within 10 min in the 60 and 80-W groups, respectively, 89 and 85.76% of maximum short axis diameter were achieved. CA rates in small (3.0 cm), intermediate (3.1-5.0 cm) and large (5.1-8.0 cm) liver cancers were 96.43% (54/56), 92.31% (24/26) and 78.57% (11/14), respectively. During a mean follow-up period of 17.17 +/- 6.52 months, LTP occurred in five (5.21%) treated cancers. There was no significant difference in the CA and LTP rate between the HCC and liver metastasis patient subgroups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The short axis diameter enlargement has a relative plateau within 10 min by fixing power output to 60 or 80 W, using the 2,450-MHz internally cooled-shaft antenna in vivo porcine livers. Effective local tumor control was achieved during one microwave ablation session.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, 651 Dongfeng Road, East, Guangzhou, 510060 Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dechao
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Linxue
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chuanxing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zilin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Peihong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xinwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Guangfeng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013552:Swine; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed