title: Long-term outcomes of acute kidney injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this review is to summarize the recent plethora of data that relate to long-term outcomes after acute kidney injury (AKI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surviving patients with AKI are still at high risk for long-term adverse outcomes, even if serum creatinine returns to normal. After adjusting for potential confounders, many recent studies have demonstrated that AKI is independently associated with chronic kidney disease, end-stage renal disease, and premature death. Unfortunately, definitive evidence from randomized controlled trials demonstrating that prevention or treatment of AKI prevents long-term adverse outcomes is not yet available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AKI is clearly a prognostic marker for poor long-term outcomes, but more studies will be needed to determine whether AKI is truly causal and whether or not the risk is modifiable.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. steven.coca@yale.edu
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Coca
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D003401:Creatine / Q000097:blood; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003401:Creatine