title: Modelling the dissipation kinetics of six commonly used pesticides in two contrasting soils of New Zealand.
abstract: We used three non-linear bi-phasic models, bi-exponential (BEXP), first-order double exponential decay (FODED), and first-order two-compartment (FOTC), to fit the measured degradation data for six commonly used pesticides (atrazine, terbuthylazine, bromacil, diazinon, hexazinone and procymidone) in two New Zealand soils. Corresponding DT(50) and DT(90) values for each compound were numerically obtained and compared against those estimated by simple first-order kinetic (SFOK) model. All 3 non-linear models gave good fit of the measured data under both soil depths and were well supported by the values obtained for the respective statistical indices (RMSE, CRM and r(2)). The FOTC model gave by far the best fit for most compounds, followed by the FODED and BEXP models. Overall, DT(50) values derived by non-linear models for the six compounds in soils from both sites were lower than the values obtained by the SFOK model. Differences in the SFOK and the three non-linear models derived DT(90)were, however, an order of magnitude higher for some compounds, while for others differences were very small. Although all three non-linear models described most data by giving excellent fits, in a few instances > 5-10% asymptotes hindered the estimation of DT(90) values. This work shows that when degradation deviates from first-order kinetic, application of non-linear decay models to describe the kinetics of degradation becomes important in order to derive the true end-points for pesticides in soil.
authors.affiliation: Landcare Research New Zealand, Hamilton, New Zealand. SarmahA@LandcareResearch.co.nz
authors.forename: Ajit K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sarmah
authors.forename: Murray E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Close
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D001976:Bromouracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D003976:Diazinon / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007700:Kinetics; D009520:New Zealand; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014227:Triazines / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001643:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014227:Triazines; D001976:Bromouracil; C035988:procymidone; C004590:bromacil; C037565:terbutylazine; D001280:Atrazine; C025641:hexazinone; D003976:Diazinon