title: Suppression of mTOR via Akt-dependent and -independent mechanisms in selenium-treated colon cancer cells: involvement of AMPKalpha1.
abstract: Activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway promotes tumorigenesis, and inhibiting the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) has emerged as an attractive target for suppressing tumor growth. We found that selenium treatment of HT-29 colon cancer cells suppressed mTORC1 through Akt-independent and -dependent pathways. In Akt-independent mTORC1 inhibition in selenium-treated colon cancer cells, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) alpha(1) was crucial for suppression of mTORC1 activity. In contrast, the Akt-dependent mTORC1 inhibition by selenium did not require AMPKalpha(1). The importance of the AMPKalpha(1)-mTORC1 pathway in mediating the antiproliferative action of selenium was examined in xenograft tumors, and the suppression of mTORC1 as well as Akt was concomitant with an increase in AMPKalpha(1) activity. These findings suggest that the antiproliferative effect of selenium is mediated by an Akt-independent AMPKalpha(1)/mTORC1 pathway or by the Akt/tuberous sclerosis complex 2 /mTORC1 pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Hannam University Daedeok Valley Campus, Daejeon 305-811, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Kyoung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Song Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Chool
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Sup
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Surh
authors.forename: Ock Jin
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C546842:MTOR protein, human; C546843:mTOR protein, mouse; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D012643:Selenium