title: Cochlear implantation in patients with chronic otitis media.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with complications of otitis media present a significant challenge to safe cochlear implantation. We describe our experience of cochlear implantation in patients with chronic ear disease, and propose management principles according to the presenting status of the ear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cochlear implantations were performed as treatment for complications of otitis media in seven patients. They consisted of four patients with adhesive otitis media, two patients with an open cavity after surgery for otitis media and one patient with eosinophilic otitis media. The electrodes were inserted by an approach via the external auditory canal in patients with poor growth of the mastoid antrum or adhesion of the tympanum. For the patients with an open cavity, we created a posterior wall for the external auditory canal and perform the mastoid obliteration. Modified Rambo's technique with blind sac closure of the external auditory canal was performed for the case of eosinophilic otitis media as a single-stage procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The post-operative courses were good. However, a post-operative infection developed in one patient who had previously undergone radiation therapy following surgical excision of a cerebellar tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transcanal approach is effective in a poorly pneumatized mastoid or severe adhesive otitis media. A decision whether implantation as a single-stage or multiple stages depends on the condition of each cases. But there is a possibility of infection even if we selected a stage operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi Minato-ku, 105-8461 Tokyo, Japan. kojimah@jikei.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Yuika
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rikitake
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000150:complications; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010035:Otitis Media, Suppurative / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000150:complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome