Single-step extraction followed by LC for determination of (fluoro)quinolone drug residues in muscle, eggs, and milk.
In this study, a simplified method for the extraction and determination of seven fluoroquinolone residues (danofloxacin, difloxacin, enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin, orbifloxacin, ofloxacin, and sarafloxacin) and three quinolones (oxolinic acid, flumequine, and nalidixic acid), in porcine muscle, table eggs, and commercial whole milk, which required no cleanup step, was devised. This procedure involves the extraction of analytes from the samples via liquid-phase extraction, and the subsequent quantitative determination was accomplished via LC-fluorescence detection. Analyte separation was successfully conducted on an XBridge-C(18) column, with a linear gradient mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and 0.01 M oxalic acid buffer at pH=3.5. The one-step liquid-liquid extraction method evidenced good selectivity, precision (RSDs=0.26-15.07%), and recovery of the extractable analytes, ranging from 61.12 to 115.93% in matrices. The LOQs ranged from 0.3 to 25 microg/kg. A survey of ten samples purchased from local markets was conducted, and none of the samples harbored fluoroquinolone residues. This method is an improvement over existing methodologies, since no additional cleanup was necessary.
Cho
Hee-Jung
HJ
Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Yi
Hee
H
Cho
Soo Min
SM
Lee
Dong Goo
DG
Cho
Kyul
K
Abd el-Aty
A M
AM
Shim
Jae-Han
JH
Lee
Soon-Ho
SH
Jeong
Ji-Yoon
JY
Shin
Ho-Chul
HC
D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry*; D015363:Quinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013552:Swine
D015363:Quinolones