title: Evaluation of inflammatory response of EDTA, EDTA-T, and citric acid in animal model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The biocompatibility of chelating agents and organic acids have been explained by a variety of methods, and suggestions for use have been based more on clinical observations and physicochemical properties than on biological aspects. The present study aimed to evaluate the inflammatory response of 17% EDTA, 17% EDTA-T, and 10% citric acid in bony defect created in rat jaws.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mandibular through and through critical size defects were created bilaterally in 60 rats. Fibrinol (Baldacchi SA, São Paulo, Brazil), a cube-shaped compound of absorbable bovine fibrin foam and sodium chloride, was used as a carrier of the substances. One side had received Fibrinol (control), whereas the opposite side had received Fibrinol soaked with each substance on the 1st, on the 7th, on the 14th, and on the 28th day (n=5 for each day). Hemijaws were prepared for light microscopy, and samples were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Digitized images were analyzed with a morphometric software (ImageJ; National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD). to obtain the number of inflammatory cells per area. Comparisons were performed by using the Kruskal-Wallis test (p=0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all days, 10% citric acid and 17% EDTA-T showed, respectively, the lowest and highest number of inflammatory cells per area. All tested substances and controls showed the highest inflammatory cell response on the 14th day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the tested substances, 10% citric acid proved to be the less aggressive tested solution at 14 days. At 28 days, all solutions were similar, but EDTA-T kept showing the higher number of inflammatory cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Federal Fluminense University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. scelza@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Míriam F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Zaccaro Scelza
authors.forename: Viviane Santos
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: da Silva Pierro
authors.forename: Mauricio Alves
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chagas
authors.forename: Licinio Esmeraldo
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Pantaleo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scelza
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D003648:Decalcification Technique; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000009:adverse effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000276:immunology; D005339:Fibrin Foam / Q000009:adverse effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008334:Mandible / Q000187:drug effects*; D008422:Materials Testing; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005339:Fibrin Foam; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D019343:Citric Acid; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D004492:Edetic Acid