title: Risks and benefits of an open irrigation tip catheter in intensive radiofrequency catheter ablation in patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although open irrigation tip catheters (OITC) are effective in producing transmural radiofrequency (RF) lesions, they have the potential for fluid overload or excessive tissue damage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 203 patients with non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (NPAF; 85.2% males, 55.2+/-10.6 years old) who underwent RF catheter ablation (RFCA) were analyzed retrospectively. Clinical outcomes and complications were compared between RFCA using OITC (n=92) and that using conventional catheters (CONC; n=111). Both the total procedure time (P<0.01) and fluoroscopic time (P<0.001) were shorter in the OITC group than in the CONC group. Total fluid loading during RFCA with OITC was 3.2+/-0.9L, and the average body weight increase was 1.8+/-1.2 kg. Symptomatic pulmonary edema and/or pleural effusion occurred in 3.3% of patients who had a bigger left atrium (P=0.005), longer duration of ablation procedure (P=0.002), higher post-RFCA serum pro-ANP level (P<0.001), and longer hospitalization (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RFCA for NPAF using OITC results in a shorter procedure time compared with CONC. However, patients with a large left atrium and a large amount of fluid (>4L) infused via the OITC need to be carefully monitored to prevent pulmonary edema or pleural effusion because of fluid overload.
authors.affiliation: Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Eui-Seock
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Hui-Nam
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Sang Weon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong Sung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Boyoung
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joung
authors.forename: Donghoon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Moon-Hyoung
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000453:epidemiology; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult