title: Deregulation of HIF1-alpha and hypoxia-regulated pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma and corresponding non-malignant liver tissue--influence of a modulated host stroma on the prognosis of HCC.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of HIF1A expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the corresponding non-malignant liver tissue and to correlate it with the clinical outcome of HCC patients after curative liver resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIF1A expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR in HCC and corresponding non-malignant liver tissue of 53 patients surgically treated for HCC. High-density gene expression analysis and pathway analysis was performed on a selected subset of patients with high and low HIF1A expression in the non-malignant liver tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HIF1A over-expression in the apparently non-malignant liver tissue was a predictor of tumor recurrence and survival. The estimated 1-year and 5-year disease-free survival was significantly better in patients with low HIF1A expression in the non-malignant liver tissue when compared to those patients with high HIF1 expression (88.9% vs. 67.9% and 61.0% vs. 22.6%, respectively, p = 0.008). Based on molecular pathway analysis utilizing high-density gene-expression profiling, HIF1A related molecular networks were identified that contained genes involved in cell migration, cell homing, and cell-cell interaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study identified a potential novel mechanism contributing to prognosis of HCC. The deregulation of HIF1A and its related pathways in the apparently non-malignant liver tissue provides for a modulated environment that potentially enhances or allows for HCC recurrence after curative resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of General-, Visceral- and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bockhorn
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Praha
authors.forename: Hideo A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Christoph E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Broelsch
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frilling
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit