title: Improved arterial spin labeling after myocardial infarction in mice using cardiac and respiratory gated look-locker imaging with fuzzy C-means clustering.
abstract: Experimental myocardial infarction (MI) in mice is an important disease model, in part due to the ability to study genetic manipulations. MRI has been used to assess cardiac structural and functional changes after MI in mice, but changes in myocardial perfusion after acute MI have not previously been examined. Arterial spin labeling noninvasively measures perfusion but is sensitive to respiratory motion and heart rate variability and is difficult to apply after acute MI in mice. To account for these factors, a cardiorespiratory-gated arterial spin labeling sequence using a fuzzy C-means algorithm to retrospectively reconstruct images was developed. Using this method, myocardial perfusion was measured in remote and infarcted regions at 1, 7, 14, and 28 days post-MI. Baseline perfusion was 4.9 +/- 0.5 mL/g min and 1 day post-MI decreased to 0.9 +/- 0.8 mL/g min in infarcted myocardium (P < 0.05 versus baseline) while remaining at 5.2 +/- 0.8 mL/g min in remote myocardium. During the subsequent 28 days, perfusion in the remote zone remained unchanged, while a partial recovery of perfusion in the infarct zone was seen. This technique, when applied to genetically engineered mice, will allow for the investigation of the roles of specific genes in myocardial perfusion during infarct healing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Moriel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Vandsburger
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Janiczek
authors.forename: Yaqin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Brent A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Craig H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Frederick H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D055424:Cardiac-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D017143:Fuzzy Logic; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055425:Respiratory-Gated Imaging Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013113:Spin Labels
chemical_list: D013113:Spin Labels