title: Different fetal-neonatal outcomes in siblings born to a mother with Graves-Basedow disease after total thyroidectomy: a case series.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We describe three different fetal or neonatal outcomes in the offspring of a mother who had persistent circulating thyrotropin receptor antibodies despite having undergone a total thyroidectomy several years before.
  
  
  METHODS
  The three different outcomes were an intrauterine death, a mild and transient fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism and a severe fetal and neonatal hyperthyroidism that required specific therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The three cases are interesting because of the different outcomes, the absence of a direct correlation between thyrotropin receptor antibody levels and clinical signs, and the persistence of thyrotropin receptor antibodies several years after a total thyroidectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Largo Agostino Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy. zuppaaa@rm.unicatt.it.
authors.forename: Antonio Alberto
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Zuppa
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sindico
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perrone
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carducci
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Antichi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alighieri
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cota
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Papacci
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: De Carolis
authors.forename: Costantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cardiello