title: Effects of nitric oxide in mucociliary transport.
abstract: The airways are made up of ciliated epithelium which secretes mucous, protecting the respiratory tract from particles inhaled during breathing. Its is paramount to understand the physiology and the mechanisms involved in mucociliary activity. Literature suggests that Nitric oxide (NO), especially the one produced by iNOS expression, maintains the mucociliary function and the immune defense of the nasal cavity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to assess NO participation and the enzymatic pathways in the production of NO and mucociliary transport, using constructive and inductive NO synthetase inhibitors, L-NAME and aminoguanidine, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  frog palates were prepared and immersed in ringer (control), L-NAME or aminoguanidine solutions. The palates were immersed in these solutions for four periods of 15 minutes. Mucociliary transport measures were carried out before and after each exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  control palates maintained stable their transportation speed. L-NAME increased, while aminoguanidine reduced mucous transportation velocity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  unspecific cNOS block with L-NAME and relatively specific iNOS block with aminoguanidine results leads us to propose that depending on the pathway, the NO can increase or reduce mucociliary transport in frog palates.
authors.affiliation: Londrina Federal University.
authors.forename: Eleonora Elisia Abra
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: Marli Cardoso Martins
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Pinge
authors.forename: Otavio André
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Andrade Neto
authors.forename: Nathália Gardin
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Pessoa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006146:Guanidines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C004479:pimagedine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester