title: Vaginal cleansing before cesarean delivery to reduce postoperative infectious morbidity: a randomized, controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to determine whether vaginal preparation with povidone iodine before cesarean delivery decreased the risk of postoperative maternal morbidities.
  
  
  METHODS
  The design of the study was a randomized, controlled trial in women undergoing cesarean delivery with subjects assigned to have a preoperative vaginal cleansing with povidone iodine or to a standard care group (no vaginal wash). The primary outcome was a composite of postoperative fever, endometritis, sepsis, readmission, wound infection, or complication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 155 vaginal cleansing subjects and 145 control subjects. Overall, 9.0% developed the composite outcome, with fewer women in the cleansing group (6.5%) compared with the control group (11.7%), although the difference was not statistically significant (relative risk, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.26-1.11; P = .11). Length of surgery, being in labor, and having a dilated cervix were all associated with the composite morbidity outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaginal cleansing with povidone iodine before cesarean delivery may decrease postoperative morbidities, although the reduction is not statistically significant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pazouki
authors.forename: Ronda R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Amy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fry
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Podzielinski
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Al-Darei
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Golichowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004716:Endometritis / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000517:prevention & control; D020073:Gravidity; D006801:Humans; D007747:Labor Stage, First; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D010298:Parity; D010359:Patient Readmission; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D018805:Sepsis / Q000517:prevention & control; D017792:Surgical Stapling; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D013537:Sutures; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D011206:Povidone-Iodine