Cell response of titanium implant with a roughened surface containing titanium hydride: an in vitro study.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of surface chemistry of a sandblasted and acid-etched implant (with and without titanium hydride [TiH(2)]) on cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of preosteoblasts (MC3T3-E1).


METHODS
Sandblasted and dual acid-etched titanium discs comprised the test group, whereas sandblasted, acid-etched, and heat-treated discs comprised the control group. Both groups' discs were sent for surface characterization. MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on these 2 groups' discs, and then cell attachment, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation were analyzed.


RESULTS
Scanning electron microscope analysis showed that the titanium discs in the 2 groups shared the same surface topography; however, x-ray diffraction examination showed that the TiH(2) diffractions only appeared in the test group. Cell attachment and cell proliferation were much better in the test group than in the control group at all time points investigated (P < .05). The expressions of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group for both protein and transcription level at every time point (P < .05 or P < .01).


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggested that surface chemistry played a significant role in cell response to the sandblasted and acid-etched surface and the presence of TiH(2) might promote the attachment, proliferation, and differentiation of preosteoblasts.
Zhang
Feng
F
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Yang
Gou-li
GL
He
Fu-ming
FM
Zhang
Li-juan
LJ
Zhao
Shi-fang
SF
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D015415:Biomarkers; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D015675:Osteocalcin; D006859:Hydrogen; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase