title: A technical note on endonasal combined microscopic endoscopic with free head navigation technique of removal of pituitary adenomas.
abstract: Pituitary surgery exemplifies the continuous refinement of surgical techniques. The transsphenoidal approach is the approach of choice to treat most pituitary adenomas. We report here, as a technical note, an operative nuance that represents an encompassment of various technical steps that we utilize in our current surgery, including the corroboration of navigation system on a free head with combined use of endoscope and microscope techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham, #507, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. keelandamye@uams.edu
authors.forename: Ossama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Al-Mefty
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pravdenkova
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gragnaniello
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002102:Cadaver; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008853:Microscopy; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000601:surgery*; D044583:Neuroendoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D038361:Neuronavigation / Q000295:instrumentation; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus / Q000601:surgery