title: Perinatal vitamin A status in relation to neurodevelopmental outcome at two years of age.
abstract: Information about the effect of antioxidant vitamins nutrition during pregnancy on offsprings intellectual development is extremely limited.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the correlation of antioxidant vitamins (Vitamin A, E and C) at delivery and the neurodevelopment of early childhood.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 158 paired maternal-neonatal subjects were recruited. The serum concentrations of vitamin A, E and C in maternal and cord blood after delivery were determined and intellectual development was evaluated by Gesell Development Schedule (GDS) at two years old.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for potential confounders, vitamin A placental transport ratio (VA-PTR) was positively associated with motor area development quotients (DQ) and average DQ(p<0.01). Cord VA level was positively related with language area and social area DQ (p<0.05). Nevertheless, there was no significant association between cord VE, VC levels, VE PTR or VC PTR and GDS. The adaptive area and average DQ in high cord VA group was higher than those in low VA group (p<0.05). Cord VA level and VA-PTR were positively associated with birth head circumference and birth weight, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggested that adequate vitamin A at delivery had beneficial influence on neonatal birth outcomes and children's neurodevelopment in later childhood.
authors.affiliation: Children's Nutritional Research Center, Childrens Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, P R China. gracexuan330@163.com
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: You-Xue
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ting-Yu
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001724:Birth Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood; D047109:Fetal Development; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D055495:Neurogenesis; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011247:Pregnancy; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid