title: Identification of acid- and thermotolerant extracellular beta-glucosidase activities in Zygomycetes fungi.
abstract: Extracellular beta-glucosidase activity of 94 strains, representing 24 species of the genera Gilbertella, Mucor, Rhizomucor , and Rhizopus was evaluated in submerged culture and under solid state fermentation on wheat bran. Gilbertella persicaria G1 isolate showed the highest activity (70.9 U ml -1 ) followed by other Gilbertella (58.6-59.0 U ml -1 ) and Rhizomucor miehei isolates (29.2-42.0 U ml -1 ). Optimum temperature for enzyme production was 25 degrees C for Gilbertella and Mucor , and 30 degrees C for Rhizomucor and Rhizopus strains. Enzymes of R. miehei strains proved to be thermotolerant preserving up to 92.8% residual activity after heating to 75 degrees C in the presence of cellobiose substrate. Enzymes of Mucor racemosus f. chibinensis, R. miehei and Rhizopus microsporus var. oligosporus strains were activated at acidic condition (pH 4). Glucose was a strong inhibitor for each fungal beta-glucosidase tested but some of them showed ethanol tolerance up to 20% (v/v). Ethanol also activated the enzyme in these strains suggesting glycosyl transferase activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takó
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: Szabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lung
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krisch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vágvölgyi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Papp
mesh_terms: D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D005658:Fungi / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D020096:Zygomycosis; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D005947:Glucose