title: Continuous Sunitinib treatment in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a Swiss Group for Clinical Cancer Research (SAKK) and Swiss Association for the Study of the Liver (SASL) multicenter phase II trial (SAKK 77/06).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sunitinib (SU) is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor with antitumor and antiangiogenic activity. The objective of this trial was to demonstrate antitumor activity of continuous SU treatment in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Key eligibility criteria included unresectable or metastatic HCC, no prior systemic anticancer treatment, measurable disease, and Child-Pugh class A or mild Child-Pugh class B liver dysfunction. Patients received 37.5 mg SU daily until progression or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival at 12 weeks (PFS12).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five patients were enrolled. The median age was 63 years; 89% had Child-Pugh class A disease and 47% had distant metastases. PFS12 was rated successful in 15 patients (33%; 95% confidence interval, 20%-47%). Over the whole trial period, one complete response and a 40% rate of stable disease as the best response were achieved. The median PFS duration, disease stabilization duration, time to progression, and overall survival time were 1.5, 2.9, 1.5, and 9.3 months, respectively. Grade 3 and 4 adverse events were infrequent. None of the 33 deaths were considered drug related.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous SU treatment with 37.5 mg daily is feasible and has moderate activity in patients with advanced HCC and mild to moderately impaired liver dysfunction. Under this trial design (>13 PFS12 successes), the therapy is considered promising. This is the first trial describing the clinical effects of continuous dosing of SU in HCC patients on a schedule that is used in an ongoing, randomized, phase III trial in comparison with the current treatment standard, sorafenib (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier, NCT00699374).
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division Oncology/Hematology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland. dieter.koeberle@kssg.ch
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koeberle
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montemurro
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Samaras
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Majno
authors.forename: Mathew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simcock
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Limacher
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lerch
authors.forename: Katalin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kovàcs
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Inauen
authors.forename: Vivianne
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Piercarlo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saletti
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borner
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bodoky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077210:Sunitinib; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D000077210:Sunitinib