title: A parenteral DNA vaccine protects against pneumonic plague.
abstract: The chemokine, lymphotactin (LTN), was tested as a molecular adjuvant using bicistronic DNA vaccines encoding the protective Yersinia capsular (F1) antigen and virulence antigen (V-Ag) as a F1-V fusion protein. The LTN-encoding F1-V or V-Ag vaccines were given by the intranasal (i.n.) or intramuscular (i.m.) routes, and although serum IgG and mucosal IgA antibodies (Abs) were induced, F1-Ag boosts were required for robust anti-F1-Ag Abs. Optimal efficacy against pneumonic plague was obtained in mice i.m.-, not i.n.-immunized with these DNA vaccines. These vaccines stimulated elevated Ag-specific Ab-forming cells and mixed Th cell responses, with Th17 cells markedly enhanced by i.m. immunization. These results show that LTN can be used as a molecular adjuvant to enhance protective immunity against plague.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
authors.forename: Hitoki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Teri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoyt
authors.forename: Xinghong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Golden
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Crist
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maddaloni
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Pascual
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000379:methods; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010930:Plague / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010931:Plague Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; C043908:LcrV protein, Yersinia; D008222:Lymphokines; D010931:Plague Vaccine; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; C086725:caf1 protein, Yersinia pestis; C018997:lymphotactin