title: A reference equation for objectively adjusting dwell volume to obtain more ultrafiltration in daily practice of peritoneal dialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Few studies mention how to objectively adjust peritoneal dialysis (PD) dwell volume for adult continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. We proposed a reference equation composed of parameters from the peritoneal equilibrium test (PET) for adjusting daily dialysate dwell volume to obtain more ultrafiltration volume. Better fluid control could reduce more fluid overload-related complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used body mass index, waist circumference, intraperitoneal pressure, and other parameters from peritoneal equilibrium test to compose a reference equation for fine-tuning daily dwell volume.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight PD patients in one center with laboratory data collected during half-yearly PET evaluations were enrolled. Instilled dialysate was composed of 2.57% glucose PD fluid, either 1500 ml or 2000 ml in volume. In addition to other demographic data, intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) was also measured twice in the supine position four hours apart. We applied statistical multivariate techniques of discrimination analysis and logistic regression to verify the most feasible and optimal formula to determine infill volumes for patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We determined a novel formula for calculating daily dialysate dwell volume, Z: Z = (0.523 x waist circumference) + (0.852 x body mass index), derived from rotating axes to obtain an accurate prediction rate of 80.68% using the multivariate approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel formula used objective, real-time parameters for determining appropriate dwell volumes for PD patients to optimize maximal ultrafiltration volumes and reduce subjective abdominal discomfort. The novel formula makes frequent adjustment of daily dwell volume by physicians or patients easy to calculate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Chiang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Hsien-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Tsair-Wei
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Wei-Chih
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Shih-Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Ching-Yih
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000592:standards*; D011312:Pressure; D012016:Reference Values; D016683:Supine Position; D013624:Taiwan; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000592:standards*; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions