title: Sida rhombifolia ssp. retusa seed extract inhibits DEN induced murine hepatic preneoplasia and carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity.
abstract: Sida rhombifolia ssp. retusa is a well established drug in the Ayurvedic system of medicine used for antirheumatism and antiasthmatism. Inhibitory effects of S. rhombifolia ssp. retusa seed extract on DEN induced hepatocellular preneoplastic foci and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatotoxicity was investigated in rats. Rats received DEN, 1ppm/g b.w. in drinking water for 6 weeks or CCl(4), 0.7 ml/kg i.p. once a week for 4 weeks and seed extract 50 mg, 100 mg/kg b.w. orally prior, during and after exposure to DEN/CCl4 for 20 or 5 weeks, respectively. Treatment with seed extract significantly inhibited the increase in DEN/CCl(4) induced activities of pre-cancerous marker enzymes; gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, glutathione-S-transferase, hepatotoxicity marker enzymes; glutamate pyruvate transaminase, glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase and alkaline phosphatase as well as lipid peroxidase. Depleted glutathione, protein and albumin levels were restored. Also, histopathological and transmission electron microscopic studies showed prevention of cellular degenerative changes. The chemopreventive and hepatoprotective potentials of seed extract are due to free radical scavenging activity and restoration of cellular structural integrity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Ramnarain Ruia College, Mumbai, India. drradhikapoojari@gmail.com
authors.forename: Radhika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poojari
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Girish
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maru
authors.forename: Bharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khade
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhagwat
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D024442:Aspartate Aminotransferase, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D019660:Malvaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D024442:Aspartate Aminotransferase, Mitochondrial; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase