title: Course and impact of bipolar disorder in young patients.
abstract: The presentation of bipolar disorder in children and adolescents may vary from its presentation in adults. Rage, irritability, and long episodes are common manifestations of mania in young people with bipolar disorder. Frequent comorbid disorders in young patients include ADHD and anxiety disorders. Prodromal and subsyndromal states of bipolar disorder, such as bipolar disorder NOS, present opportunities for early intervention and prevention. Early recognition and intervention are crucial, because untreated pediatric bipolar disorder becomes chronic, has a high incidence of relapse, and has a poor prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and the Bipolar Disorders Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Kiki D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007508:Irritable Mood; D011379:Prognosis; D011889:Rage; D012008:Recurrence