title: [Effect of Ti bonder on the bond strength between porcelain and titanium].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of GC Initial Ti Bonder on bond strength between Vita Titankeramik porcelain and titanium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty titanium samples were prepared and randomly assigned to 4 groups with 10 samples in each group. Samples in each group were subjected to one of the following surface treatments, burnishing (Group B), sandblasting (Group S), firing GC Initial Ti Bonder after burnishing (Group BG) and firing GC Initial Ti Bonder after sandblasting (Group SG). Vita Titankeramik porcelain were fired on the surface of each sample in the middle. Three-point bending tests were conducted on each sample according to the ISO 9693. The fracture patterns of all specimens were recorded using zoom stereo microscope (ZSM) and the fracture surfaces were observed under scanning electron microscope (SEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  With fired GC Initial Ti Bonder, the bond strength of Vita Titankeramik porcelain to titanium in Group BG and Group SG were (32.72 +/- 4.46) and (34.25 +/- 6.52) MPa respectively, which reach the ISO 9693 standard for clinical use and were significantly higher than those in Group B [(20.70 +/- 3.15) MPa] and Group S [(23.92 +/- 5.02) MPa].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GC Initial Ti Bonder can significantly improve bond strength between Vita Titankeramik porcelain and titanium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.
authors.forename: Hai
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Xiao-ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003776:Dental Porcelain; D014025:Titanium