title: Salivary interleukin-6, matrix metalloproteinase-8, and osteoprotegerin in patients with periodontitis and diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes and periodontitis produce a protein discharge that can be reflected in saliva. This study evaluates the salivary concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in patients with periodontitis with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole saliva samples were obtained from 90 subjects who were divided into four groups: healthy (control; n = 22), untreated periodontitis (UPD; n = 24), diabetes mellitus (DM; n = 20), and UPD + DM (n = 24) groups. Clinical and metabolic data were recorded. Salivary IL-6, MMP-8, and OPG concentrations were determined by a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The UPD and UPD + DM groups exhibited higher salivary IL-6 than the control and DM groups (P <0.01). The salivary MMP-8 concentrations in all diseased groups (UPD, DM, and UPD + DM) were higher than in the control group (P <0.01). The salivary OPG concentrations in the DM group were higher than in the UPD and control groups (P <0.05). In the UPD + DM group, salivary IL-6 was correlated with glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels (r = 0.60; P <0.05). The regression analysis indicated that the number of remaining teeth, clinical attachment level, and IL-6 might have influenced the HbA1c levels in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salivary IL-6 concentrations were elevated in patients with periodontitis with or without diabetes. Salivary MMP-8 and OPG concentrations were elevated regardless of periodontal inflammation in patients with diabetes. Therefore, periodontitis and diabetes are conditions that may interfere with protein expression and should be considered when using saliva for diagnoses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Periodontology, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Glauce L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Trevisan
authors.forename: Guilherme O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Macedo
authors.forename: Daniela B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Palioto
authors.forename: Sergio L S
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Marcio F M
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Grisi
authors.forename: Arthur B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Novaes
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides