title: The betaine content of sweat from adolescent females.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study was developed to establish whether betaine was present in the sweat of females and to determine any correlations with other sweat components.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sweat patches were placed on eight trained adolescent Highland dancers (age = 13.6 +/- 2.3 yr), who then participated in a dance class for 2 hours. Patches were removed, and the sweat recovered via centrifugation. The sweat was subsequently analyzed for betaine, choline, sodium, potassium, chloride, lactate, glucose, urea and ammonia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Betaine was present in the sweat of all subjects (232 +/- 84 mumol.L-1), which is higher than typically found in plasma. The concentration of several sweat components were correlated, in particular betaine with most other measured components.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Betaine, an osmoprotectant and methyl donor, is a component of sweat that may be lost from the body in significant amounts.
authors.affiliation: Danisco A/S, Elmsford, NY, USA. stuart.craig@danisco.com.
authors.forename: Shona S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Stuart As
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ganio
authors.forename: Carl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Maresh
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Horrace
authors.forename: Kerry-Ann
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zeisel