title: Fabrication and characterization of large-area, semiconducting nanoperforated graphene materials.
abstract: We demonstrate the fabrication of nanoperforated graphene materials with sub-20-nm features using cylinder-forming diblock copolymer templates across >1 mm(2) areas. Hexagonal arrays of holes are etched into graphene membranes, and the remaining constrictions between holes interconnect forming a honeycomb structure. Quantum confinement, disorder, and localization effects modulate the electronic structure, opening an effective energy gap of 100 meV in the nanopatterned material. The field-effect conductivity can be modulated by 40x (200x) at room temperature (T = 105 K) as a result. A room temperature hole mobility of 1 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) was measured in the fabricated nanoperforated graphene field effect transistors. This scalable strategy for modulating the electronic structure of graphene is expected to facilitate applications of graphene in electronics, optoelectronics, and sensing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Myungwoong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nathaniel S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Safron
authors.forename: Eungnak
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Padma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gopalan
mesh_terms: D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010316:Particle Size; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011789:Quantum Theory; D012666:Semiconductors; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D011137:Polystyrenes; D006108:Graphite; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate