Superior temporal gyrus volume in antipsychotic-naive people at risk of psychosis.
BACKGROUND
Morphological abnormalities of the superior temporal gyrus have been consistently reported in schizophrenia, but the timing of their occurrence remains unclear.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether individuals exhibit superior temporal gyral changes before the onset of psychosis.


METHODS
We used magnetic resonance imaging to examine grey matter volumes of the superior temporal gyrus and its subregions (planum polare, Heschl's gyrus, planum temporale, and rostral and caudal regions) in 97 antipsychotic-naive individuals at ultra-high risk of psychosis, of whom 31 subsequently developed psychosis and 66 did not, and 42 controls.


RESULTS
Those at risk of psychosis had significantly smaller superior temporal gyri at baseline compared with controls bilaterally, without any prominent subregional effect; however, there was no difference between those who did and did not subsequently develop psychosis.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings indicate that grey matter reductions of the superior temporal gyrus are present before psychosis onset, and are not due to medication, but these baseline changes are not predictive of transition to psychosis.
Takahashi
Tsutomu
T
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, c/o National Neuroscience Facility, 161 Barry Street, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia. tsutomu@med.u-toyama.ac.jp.
Wood
Stephen J
SJ
Yung
Alison R
AR
Walterfang
Mark
M
Phillips
Lisa J
LJ
Soulsby
Bridget
B
Kawasaki
Yasuhiro
Y
McGorry
Patrick D
PD
Suzuki
Michio
M
Velakoulis
Dennis
D
Pantelis
Christos
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000341:Affective Disorders, Psychotic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents