title: Effect of menstrual cycle on the injection pain due to propofol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This prospective, double-blind and randomized study is designed to determine the effect of menstrual cycle on the injection pain of propofol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients scheduled for elective surgery under general anaesthesia were divided into two groups according to the phase of the menstrual cycle. Patients were at follicular phase (Pd 8-12) in Group F (n = 36) and luteal phase (Pd 20-24) in Group L (n = 36). Injection pain was evaluated with 10-point numeric rating scale after 25% of the total propofol dose was injected over 20 s.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in terms of patient characteristics (P > 0.05). The mean propofol pain score was found 1.81 +/- 2.30 in Group F and 4.83 +/- 3.09 in Group L. Group L was found to have higher propofol injection pain scores than Group F (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the menstrual phase changes the perception of pain due to propofol injection, which is higher in the lutheal phase. In clinical practice, the phases of the menstrual cycle may have a significant role on injection pain of propofol in woman.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak, Turkey. vhanci@gmail.com
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hanci
authors.forename: Hilal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ayoğlu
authors.forename: Mensure
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Serhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yurtlu
authors.forename: Rahşan Dilek
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Okyay
authors.forename: Gülay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erdoğan
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Başaran
authors.forename: Işil Ozkoçak
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Turan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010147:Pain Measurement; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol