title: Extragonadal yolk sac tumor outside of the midline of the body: a case report of a child with a yolk sac tumor of the pontocerebellar angle.
abstract: Yolk sac tumor is a rare germ cell neoplasm occurring mainly in the gonads. Extragonadal yolk sac tumor is a very rare malignancy; its main distribution is along the midline of the body at three principal sites: mediastinum, central nervous system and retroperitoneum. Most yolk sac tumors are diagnosed between seven months and three years of age. We report a case of primary yolk sac tumor in a 13-month-old child. The tumor was located in the pontocerebellar angle, an atypical location that may not have suggested a yolk sac tumor as first diagnosis. We want to highlight the importance of performing tumor marker measurements during the first year of life, also for tumors located away from the midline.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Oncology, A Gemelli Hospital, Catholic University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lazzareschi
authors.forename: Ilaria Francesca
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Furfaro
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coccia
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Puma
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riccardi
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D020295:Brain Stem Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D002528:Cerebellar Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011149:Pons; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins