title: Recent advances in white organic light-emitting materials and devices (WOLEDs).
abstract: WOLEDs offer new design opportunities in practical solid-state lighting and could play a significant role in reducing global energy consumption. Obtaining white light from organic LEDs is a considerable challenge. Alongside the development of new materials with improved color stability and balanced charge transport properties, major issues involve the fabrication of large-area devices and the development of low-cost manufacturing technology. This Review will describe the types of materials (small molecules and polymers) that have been used to fabricate WOLEDs. A range of device architectures are presented and appraised.
authors.affiliation: Zumtobel LED Division, Green Lane Industrial Estate, Spennymoor, DL16 6HL, UK. kiran.kamtekar@thornlight.com
authors.forename: Kiran T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kamtekar
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Monkman
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bryce
mesh_terms: D008027:Light; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011108:Polymers