title: In vitro antioxidant activities and an investigation of neuroprotection by six Salvia species from Iran: a comparative study.
abstract: Methanolic extracts of six species of Salvia (S. hydrangea, S. lachnocalyx, S. macilenta, S. multicalis, S. sclarea and S. xanthocheila) were analyzed for their antioxidant properties, ability to prevent DNA damage by free radicals, and neuroprotective effects. Several biochemical assays were used to evaluate their antioxidant properties: DPPH(), FRAP, beta-carotene bleaching and TEAC assays. The amounts of phenolics and flavonoids were also determined. Comparison study of Salvia species showed that extracts from S. hydrangea and S. macilenta are strong antioxidants and that from S. lachnocalyx is a weak one. Furthermore, extracts from all of these species can at high concentrations (50mug/ml) inhibit DNA damage by free radicals. Furthermore, these species not only showed no cytotoxic effects in nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 cells, they also protected them against H(2)O(2)-induced cell death. Thus these plants may be candidates for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Sareh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asadi
authors.forename: Abolhassan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmadiani
authors.forename: Mohammad Ali
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Esmaeili
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonboli
authors.forename: Niloufar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khodagholi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D007492:Iran; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D027544:Salvia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide