title: Analgesic efficacy and safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs after transurethral resection of prostate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the analgesic efficacy and safety of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), administered as intramuscular diclofenac in comparison with intravenous paracetamol after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty men, aged 55 to 75 years, undergoing TURP at our hospital were included in this study. Patients were divided randomly and prospectively into two groups (25 patients in each group). Group I (NSAID) received 75 mg of diclofenac i.m. at the end of the operation followed by 75 mg of diclofenac i.m. for 24 hours (75 mg x 2 once a day = 150 mg/24 h) postoperatively. The other group (Group II) consisted of patients who received 1g/100 mL i.v. paracetamol 15 minutes twice daily as postoperative analgesia. Postoperative pain scores were evaluated at 30 minutes, 1, 2, 4 and 6 hours after administration of each analgesic, using a visual analogue scale (VAS). Furthermore, preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin (Hb) levels and hemostatic variables (bleeding time, prothrombine time and the international normalized ratio, i.e. the ratio of a patient's prothrombin time to a normal [control] sample) were recorded in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pain score changes during a 4 hour period between the two groups was similar (p = 0.162). Thirty minutes after surgery, pain scores were high (> 3 cm) in both groups and without differences between groups (p = 0.11) but 6 hours after surgery, pain scores were significantly higher with paracetamol compared to diclofenac (p < 0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding the amount of resected tissue, operating time, preoperative-postoperative Hb levels and hemostatic variables. In the both groups, no patient required blood transfusion postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NSAIDs are not a contraindication to TURP and should be used for the control of postoperative pain if indicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kecioren Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. drcengizkara@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Cengiz
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kara
authors.forename: Berkan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Resorlu
authors.forename: Izzet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cicekbilek
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unsal
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000075202:Contraindications; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004008:Diclofenac; D000082:Acetaminophen