title: Scoparia dulcis (SDF7) endowed with glucose uptake properties on L6 myotubes compared insulin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Insulin stimulates glucose uptake and promotes the translocation of glucose transporter 4 (Glut 4) to the plasma membrane on L6 myotubes. The aim of this study is to investigate affect of Scoparia dulcis Linn water extracts on glucose uptake activity and the Glut 4 translocation components (i.e., IRS-1, PI 3-kinase, PKB/Akt2, PKC and TC 10) in L6 myotubes compared to insulin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extract from TLC fraction-7 (SDF7) was used in this study. The L6 myotubes were treated by various concentrations of SDF7 (1 to 50 microg/ml) and insulin (1 to 100 nM). The glucose uptake activities of L6 myotubes were evaluated using 2-Deoxy-D-glucose uptake assay in with or without fatty acid-induced medium. The Glut 4 translocation components in SDF7-treated L6 myotubes were detected using immunoblotting and quantified by densitometry compared to insulin. Plasma membrane lawn assay and glycogen colorimetry assay were carried out in SDF7- and insulin-treated L6 myotubes in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here, our data clearly shows that SDF7 possesses glucose uptake properties on L6 myotubes that are dose-dependent, time-dependent and plasma membrane Glut 4 expression-dependent. SDF7 successfully stimulates glucose uptake activity as potent as insulin at a maximum concentration of 50 microg/ml at 480 min on L6 myotubes. Furthermore, SDF7 stimulates increased Glut 4 expression and translocation to plasma membranes at equivalent times. Even in the insulin resistance stage (free fatty acids-induced), SDF7-treated L6 myotubes were found to be more capable at glucose transport than insulin treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, we suggested that Scoparia dulcis has the potential to be categorized as a hypoglycemic medicinal plant based on its good glucose transport properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Joo Ee
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Beh
authors.forename: Jalifah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Latip
authors.forename: Mohd Puad
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Amin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Muhajir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamid
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D036721:Scoparia
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006003:Glycogen; D005947:Glucose