title: Dechlorane Plus in surficial water and sediment in a northeastern Chinese river.
abstract: Surface water and sediment samples concurrently collected in Songhua River in northeastern China from May to October 2006 were analyzed for Dechlorane Plus (DP), a chlorinated flame retardant. Samples were obtained from three main areas: SHR-Rul (rural area of Songhua River), SHR-Hrb (the section of the river within the city of Harbin), and Hrb (urban waters of Harbin). The majority of SHR-Rul water samples (85%) and SHR-Hrb water samples (73%) and 33% of urban water samples (Hrb) were below the detection limit. The mean water DP concentration in Hrb (0.55 +/- 0.81 ng L(-1)) was approximately 3 times greater than the levels measured in SHR-Hrb (0.17 +/- 0.38 ng L(-1)) and more than 15 times greater than the levels measured in SHR-Rul (0.03 +/- 0.07 ng L(-1)). DP detection rates in sediment samples were 50% (Hrb), 100% (SHR-Hrb), and 78% (SHR-Rul). The mean sediment DP concentration in SHR-Hrb (0.11 +/- 0.05 ng g(-1)) was approximately three times greater than that in SHR-Rul (0.04 +/- 0.05 ng g(-1)). These DP concentrations are likely attributable to local sources in urban areas rather than distant sources via long-range transport. The mean fractional abundance of the syn isomer of DP (f(syn)) was 0.34 +/- 0.10 in all water samples, a value indistinguishable from that of a commercial mixture (f(syn) = 0.35), indicating the source was local. The mean f(syn) value of 0.23 +/- 0.06 in all sediment samples suggested a stereoselective depletion of syn-DP relative to the anti-DP isomer in sediments. To our knowledge, this paper represents the first report of DP concentrations in Chinese water and sediments.
authors.affiliation: International Joint Research Center for Persistent Toxic Substances (IJRC-PTS), State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Liyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yi-Fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nan-Qi
authors.initials: NQ
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Xinyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yongsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D005843:Geography; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D007536:Isomerism; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011786:Quality Control; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C526360:dechlorane plus