title: Breast carcinoma in young women aged 30 or less in Northern Pakistan - the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study was carried out to document the occurrence of early onset breast cancer in our population and to assess prognostic variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of a total of 1,644 female patients diagnosed with breast carcinoma during the last four years (Jan 2005 - Dec 2008) at the Histopathology Department, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) were retrieved from the AFIP tumour registry. All cases of breast carcinoma diagnosed in young females, 30 years of age or less, were selected and assessed for the type of specimen, tumour type, size and grade, presence or absence of lymph node metastasis, number of lymph nodes recovered and number of lymph nodes involved. Data were entered into SPSS version 11 to calculate mean, median, mode and standard deviation for quantitative variables and frequencies and percentages for qualitative variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age was 28+/-2.7 years and the mean tumour size was 3.7+/-2.9 cm. Most frequent age group was 26-30 years (78.6%). The most common histological tumour type was invasive ductal carcinoma (88.7%), followed by invasive lobular carcinoma (5.4%). Seven out of 168 (4.2%) tumours were less than 2 cm in size, 69(41.1%) were between 2-5 cm and 39 (23.2%) were greater than 5 cm. Grade 2 (57.1%), followed by grade 3 (29.8%) were the most frequent. Out of 68 cases in which lymph nodes were included, lymph node metastasis was seen in 55(80.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast cancer is much commoner in young women in Pakistan as compared to the rest of the world. It is important to keep this in mind when evaluating even very young females with breast lumps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Nadira
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mamoon
authors.forename: Usman
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: Sajid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mushtaq
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D001706:Biopsy; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008408:Mastectomy; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012042:Registries