title: Characterization and validation of a chemiluminescent assay based on 1,2-dioxetanes for rapid detection of viable Escherichia coli.
abstract: [(4-methoxy-4(3-beta-D-galactose-4-chlorophenyl)]spiro[1,2-dioxetane-3-1,3-tricyclo[7.3.1.0(2,7)]tridec-2,7-ene] ("sbeta-Gal 102") and sodium [4-methoxy-4(3-beta-D-glucuronic acid-4-chlorophenyl)]spiro[1,2-dioxetane-3-1,3-tricyclo[7.3.1.0(2,7)]tridec-2,7-ene] ("sbeta-Glucor 102") are carbohydrate-containing 1,2-dioxetane compounds that produce chemiluminescence upon enzymatic hydrolysis by beta-D-galactosidase, and beta-D-glucuronidase, respectively. In this study, we have characterized and validated a sensitive detection principle for viable Escherichia coli based on enzymatic cleavage of sbeta-Gal 102 and sbeta-Glucor 102 ("ColiLight II"). The proposed chemiluminescent assay was optimized with respect to analytical requirements including incubation time, temperature, pH, enzyme induction, and cell permeabilization. The sensitivity and specificity rates of the assay were tested on ten different bacterial genera. The assay was found to be representative based on low coefficients of variations for both accuracy and precision. The analysis time was less than 1 h and the analytical detection limit was 10(2) to 10(3) E. coli cells. In combination with membrane filtration and a brief resuscitation step of 4 h, the proposed assay was capable of detecting low concentrations of stressed E. coli in potable water (<30 CFU 100 ml(-1)). The proposed chemiluminescent enzyme assay may be used for assessing the metabolic activity of E. coli in oligotrophic environments and for early warning detection of low concentrations of E. coli in water for human consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Aalborg University, Sohngaardsholmsvej 57, 9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
authors.forename: Annette S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bukh
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roslev
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D057230:Limit of Detection; D049449:Luminescence; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D050296:Microbial Viability; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D006573:Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; C079142:1,2-dioxetane; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D005966:Glucuronidase