title: A new type of membrane raft-like microdomains and their possible involvement in TCR signaling.
abstract: Membrane rafts and signaling molecules associated with them are thought to play important roles in immunoreceptor signaling. Rafts differ in their lipid and protein compositions from the rest of the membrane and are relatively resistant to solubilization by Triton X-100 or similar detergents, producing buoyant, detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) that can be isolated by density gradient ultracentrifugation. One of the key signaling molecules present in T cell DRMs is the transmembrane adaptor protein LAT (linker for activation of T cells). In contrast to previous results, a recent study demonstrated that a LAT construct not present in the buoyant DRMs is fully able to support TCR signaling and development of T cells in vivo. This finding caused doubts about the real physiological role of rafts in TCR signaling. In this study, we demonstrate that these results can be explained by the existence of a novel type of membrane raft-like microdomains, producing upon detergent solubilization "heavy DRMs" containing a number of membrane molecules. At a moderate level of expression, LAT supported TCR signaling more efficiently than constructs targeted to the microdomains producing heavy DRMs or to nonraft membrane. We suggest that different types of membrane microdomains provide environments regulating the functional efficiencies of signaling molecules present therein.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Otáhal
authors.forename: Pavla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Angelisová
authors.forename: Matous
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hrdinka
authors.forename: Tomás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brdicka
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Novák
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Drbal
authors.forename: Václav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Horejsí
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C110810:LAT protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell