title: Rare sequence variation in the genome flanking a short tandem repeat locus can lead to a question of "nonmaternity".
abstract: Typing of STR (short tandem repeat) alleles is used in a variety of applications in clinical molecular pathology, including evaluations for maternal cell contamination. Using a commercially available STR typing assay for maternal cell contamination performed in conjunction with prenatal diagnostic testing, we were posed with apparent nonmaternity when the two fetal samples did not demonstrate the expected maternal allele at one locus. By designing primers external to the region amplified by the primers from the commercial assay and by performing direct sequencing of the resulting amplicon, we were able to determine that a guanine to adenine sequence variation led to primer mismatch and allele dropout. This explained the apparent null allele shared between the maternal and fetal samples. Therefore, although rare, allele dropout must be considered whenever unexplained homozygosity at an STR locus is observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, L235, Stanford University Medical Center, 300 Pasteur Dr., Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deucher
authors.forename: Tsoyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schrijver
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers