White mould of common bean incited by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Lib. de Bary in Egypt.
White mould, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary, is a destructive yield-limiting disease of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Egypt. Forty eight isolate of S. sclerotiorum were isolated from diseased bean tissues taken from 9 geographical regions (Al-Behaira, Alexandria and Assiut governorates) during winter season in 2008. The pathogenicity studies showed that the tested bean cultivars (Bronco, Contender, Giza 6 and Nebraska) varied in disease incidence. Contender bean cultivar was more resistant than other cultivars. Whereas, the more virulent isolates were S5 and S6. Histology investigation of seedlings bean hypocotyls inoculated with S. sclerotiorum after 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after inoculation indicated that penetration of bean seedlings occurred, during the first 48 hours after inoculation, through the epidermis and the outer layer of the cortex. 72 hours after inoculation, damage extended deeper into the cortical cells. Infection took place inter-and interacellularly after 96 hours more damage occurred. In addition, the invasion of the fungal hyphae through the cortical cells occurred both inter-, and intracellularly. Moreover, the observed of electron microscope both transmission and scanning investigations concluded that penetrating hyphae progressed through bean seedlings tissues leading to complete destruction of epidermis, fully colonization and death of cortical cells, partial invasion of vascular tissues. However, presence of the fungal structures in pith cells was observed.
Amer
M A
MA
Faculty of Agriculture, Saba-Basha, Alexandria University P.O. Box. 21531 Bolkely, Alexandria, Egypt.
Abou-el-Seoud
I
I
Rasmy
M R
MR
Khater
Manar M
MM
D001203:Ascomycota / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002980:Climate; D004534:Egypt; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D018546:Hypocotyl / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure