title: Effects of enzastaurin, alone or in combination, on signaling pathway controlling growth and survival of B-cell lymphoma cell lines.
abstract: Immunochemotherapies have improved outcomes in indolent lymphoma. However, response durations progressively shorten following each treatment, and the majority of patients eventually die from the disease. Thus, new, less toxic, and more active treatments are needed. Protein kinase C (PKC), which has been repeatedly implicated in B-cell lymphoma progression, may be a new target for lymphoma cell growth inhibition. Enzastaurin, a PKC-beta inhibitor, has toxic effects on a variety of cancer cells. The purpose of the present study was to assess the antitumor activity of enzastaurin on B-cell lymphoma cell lines and to investigate the underlying antitumor mechanisms. Enzastaurin induced apoptosis and inhibited phosphorylation of PKC, RSK, AKT, and downstream proteins. Moreover, our results reveal a new mechanism for enzastaurin-induced apoptosis via BAD activation. Finally, enzastaurin synergizes in its effects with chlorambucil and fludarabine, respectively. Taken together, our results strongly support clinical evaluation of enzastaurin in patients with B-cell lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Hematology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Civallero
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cosenza
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grisendi
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marcheselli
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Todoerti
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sacchi
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D064546:Protein Kinase C beta; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007211:Indoles; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D064546:Protein Kinase C beta; C504878:enzastaurin