title: Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents.
abstract: The emergence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children and adolescents parallels the rising rates of childhood obesity. As a condition of impaired insulin sensitivity and relative insulin deficiency resulting in hyperglycemia, T2D has a complex underlying physiology that is reflected by the multiple approaches used to optimize medical care and prevent the myriad of diabetes-related complications. T2D diagnosed in children and adolescents represents a distinct and challenging condition to evaluate and treat. Here, we highlight the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors, clinical presentation and diagnosis, treatment and public health impact of T2D in children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Shazhan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amed
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daneman
authors.forename: Farid H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Mahmud
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hamilton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006266:Health Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose