title: Durability of peginterferon alfa-2b treatment at 5 years in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B.
abstract: Approximately 30%-40% of patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B treated with peginterferon and/or lamivudine achieve HBeAg seroconversion 6 months after the end of treatment. The durability and long-term effect of treatment are unknown. In this study, 85 HBeAg-positive patients who received peginterferon alfa-2b 1.5 microg/kg/week for 32 weeks and lamivudine 100 mg/day for 52 or 104 weeks were prospectively followed for 6.1 +/- 1.7 years posttreatment. Twenty-five (29%) patients had virologic response (HBeAg seroconversion and HBV DNA <10,000 copies/mL) at 5 years. The rate of HBeAg seroconversion rose progressively from 37% at the end of treatment to 60% at 5 years. Twenty-seven (32%) and 11 (13%) patients had undetectable HBV DNA (<100 copies/mL) at the end of peginterferon treatment and at 5 years, respectively. Two (2.4%) patients achieved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) seroclearance at 2.6 and 84 months posttreatment. Among virologic responders at the end of treatment, 82% and 57% and sustained HBeAg seroconversion and virologic response at 5 years. End-of-treatment serum quantitative HBsAg was significantly lower in patients with sustained virologic response at 5 years (median 1,431 IU/mL versus 2,689 IU/mL [P = 0.041]). At the last follow-up, the liver stiffness measurement by transient elastography was 5.8 +/- 2.7 kPa. Only two patients had liver stiffness suggestive of advanced fibrosis. Week 16 HBV DNA, end-of-treatment HBeAg seroconversion, and undetectable HBV DNA were independent factors associated with virologic response at 5 years. The duration of concomitant lamivudine treatment had no impact on any long-term response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peginterferon has high durability in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B patients with end-of-treatment virologic response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Vincent Wai-Sun
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Grace Lai-Hung
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Kenneth Kar-Lung
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Angel Mei-Ling
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Chim
authors.forename: Hoi-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Chi-Hang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Paul Cheung-Lung
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Anthony Wing-Hung
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Joseph Jao-Yiu
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Henry Lik-Yuen
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019259:Lamivudine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b