title: Clinical relevance of 13 cytokine gene polymorphisms in Chinese major trauma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the clinical relevance of 13 reported common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokine genes in patients with major trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen SNPs in nine key cytokine genes were selected for association study in 308 patients with major trauma on the basis of previous functional or association data. An allele-specific oligonucleotide array was developed and used to genotype 308 patients with major trauma. The clinical relevance of the 13 SNPs was assessed by observation of cytokine production and outcome of trauma patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results from the allele-specific oligonucleotide array indicated that 8 [interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)/-1470, IL-1beta/-511, IL-1beta/-31, IL-4/-589, IL-6/-572, IL-8/-251, IL-10/-819, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha)/-308] out of the 13 SNPs were associated with respective ex vivo cytokine production by peripheral leukocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation at admission, or risk of development of sepsis or organ dysfunction in major trauma patients. Patients with more than four risk alleles of the eight SNPs had more than 50% sepsis morbidity and more severe organ dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms of IL-1beta/-1470, IL-1beta/-511, IL-1beta/-31, IL-4/-589, IL-6/-572, IL-8/-251, IL-10/-819, and TNFalpha/-308 are susceptibility loci for the development of sepsis and organ dysfunction in major trauma patients.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Daping, Chongqing, 400042, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Dong-po
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Lianyang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ding-yuan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Kehong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zheng-guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000235:genetics*; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000235:genetics*; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines