Cyclic AMP signaling in pancreatic islets.
Cyclic 3'5'AMP (cAMP) is an important physiological amplifier of glucose-induced insulin secretion by the pancreatic islet beta-cell, where it is formed by the activity of adenylyl cyclases, which are stimulated by glucose, through elevation in intracellular calcium concentrations, and by the incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP). cAMP is rapidly degraded in the pancreatic islet beta-cell by various cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) enzymes. Many steps involved in glucose-induced insulin secretion are modulated by cAMP, which is also important in regulating pancreatic islet beta-cell differentiation, growth and survival. This chapter discusses the formation, destruction and actions of cAMP in the islets with particular emphasis on the beta-cell.
Furman
Brian
B
Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G4ONR, Scotland, UK. b.l.furman@strath.ac.uk
Ong
Wee Kiat
WK
Pyne
Nigel J
NJ
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005089:Exocytosis; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000166:cytology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D007328:Insulin; C116122:RAPGEF3 protein, human; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium