title: 'On water' assisted synthesis and biological evaluation of nitrogen and sulfur containing hetero-1,4-naphthoquinones as potent antifungal and antibacterial agents.
abstract: 2-chloro-3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione (3a), 2-chloro-3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione (3b), 2-chloro-3-(piperidin-1-yl)naphthalene-1,4-dione (3c), 2-chloro-3-morpholinonaphthalene-1,4-dione (3d), 2-chloro-3-(2-phenylhydrazinyl)naphthalene-1,4-dione (3e), 2-(allylamino)-3-chloronaphthalene-1,4-dione (3f), 2-(3-chloro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-ylthio)acetic acid (3g), 2-(3-chloro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-ylthio)succinic acid (3h), methyl 2-(3-chloro-1,4-dioxo-1,4-dihydronaphthalen-2-ylthio)acetate (3i), 2-chloro-3-(2-mercaptoethylthio)naphthalene-1,4-dione (3j), 3-hydroxy-4-methyl-4H-naphtho[2,3-b][1,4]thiazine-5,10-dione (3k) and compounds 3l-q have been synthesized by a green methodology approach using water as solvent and evaluated for their antifungal and antibacterial activity. The antifungal profile of 3a-n indicated that compounds 3a-d, 3j, 3e and 3k have potent antifungal activity. Amongst the most promising antifungal compounds, 3a-g, 3j, 3k showed better antifungal activity than clinically prevalent antifungal drugs Fluconazole and Amphotericin-B against Trichophyton mentagraphytes and compounds 3j and 3k have been found to be lead antifungal bicyclic and tricyclic 1,4-naphthoquinones. Compound 3k also exhibited pronounced antibacterial activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India. vishnutandon@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Vishnu K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: Hardesh K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Maurya
authors.forename: Manoj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Rohitashw
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Praveen K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Shukla
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D055772:Green Chemistry Technology / Q000379:methods*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D014867:Water; D013455:Sulfur; D009584:Nitrogen; C035342:1,4-naphthoquinone