title: [Bipolar disorders as co-morbidity in childhood and adolescence--underdiagnosed or overinterpreted? Therapy of a 14-year-old boy with hyperkinetic conduct disorder and hypomania].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Considerable debate exists regarding differing prevalence rates of co-morbid bipolar disorder in children and adolescents with ADHD in Germany as compared to the US.
  
  
  METHODS
  Described in this case report are the assessment of and treatment procedure for a 14-year old boy with hyperkinetic conduct disorder and co-morbid hypomanic episode, as well as different possible interpretations of symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further studies of children and adolescents with ADHD and coexisting impulsive-aggressive behaviour are needed. Important in practice is a precise differentiation of symptoms with regard to co-morbid bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie des Kindes- und Jugendalters am Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit, Mannheim. boris.rothermel@zi-mannheim.de
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rothermel
authors.forename: Luise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poustka
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banaschewski
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004493:Education; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D007508:Irritable Mood; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011613:Psychotherapy; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate; D018967:Risperidone