title: Bone marrow cells from myelodysplastic syndromes show altered immunophenotypic profiles that may contribute to the diagnosis and prognostic stratification of the disease: a pilot study on a series of 56 patients.
abstract: A heterogeneous spectrum of immunophenotypic abnormalities have been reported in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). However, most studies are restricted to the analysis of CD34(+) cells and/or other major subsets of CD34(-) cells, frequently not exploring the diagnostic and prognostic impact of immunophenotyping.
  
  
  METHODS
  We propose for the first time an immunophenotypic score (IS) based on the altered distribution and immunophenotypic features of maturing/mature compartments of bone marrow (BM) hematopoietic cells in 56 patients with MDS that could contribute to a refined diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of the disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although MDS-associated phenotypes were detected in reactive BM, the overall immunophenotypic profile of BM cells allowed an efficient discrimination between MDS and both normal and reactive BM, once the number and degree of severity of the abnormalities detected per patient were simultaneously considered in the proposed IS. Interestingly, increasingly higher IS were found among patients with MDS showing adverse prognostic factors and in low- versus high-grade cases. The most informative prognostic factors included the number of CD34(+) cells, presence of aberrant CD34(-)/CD117(+) precursors, decreased mature neutrophils and CD34(-) erythroid precursors, and increased numbers of CD36(-/lo) erythroid precursors; in addition, the IS was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of immunophenotypic abnormalities of maturing/mature BM cells allows an efficient discrimination between MDS and both normal and reactive BM, once the number and degree of severity of the abnormalities detected are simultaneously scored. Interestingly, progressively higher IS were found among patients with MDS with adverse prognostic features and shorter overall survival.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación del Cáncer (Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer; CSIC-USAL), Servicio General de Citometría and Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matarraz
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barrena
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flores-Montero
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rasillo
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sayagues
authors.forename: Maria Luz
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bárcena
authors.forename: Jesús María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Rivas
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Mosteirín
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giralt
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perdiguer
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laranjeira
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paiva
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orfao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD