title: Autotransporter passenger proteins: virulence factors with common structural themes.
abstract: Autotransporter proteins are virulence factors associated with a wide variety of diseases caused by pathogenic gram-negative bacteria, and they play a variety of roles in pathogenesis including disabling host defences and mediating colonization. Pertactin, a key component of the whooping cough vaccine, is an autotransporter protein. A large sub-family of the autotransporters carries a trypsin-like protease domain, but these enzymes have different substrates and functions. The unique export process which defines the autotransporter family involves the polypeptide chain C-terminus forming a barrel structure in the bacterial outer membrane, but the role of this barrel in secreting of the N-terminal 'passenger' domain remains very unclear. There are now four published crystal structures of passenger proteins or fragments of them. We have compared these models to catalogue common features and to help predict the structures and functions of other autotransporter proteins such as SepA, which is involved in the pathogenicity of Shigella.
authors.affiliation: Yokohama City University, Suehiro 1-7-29, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Nami
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Young-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sam-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeremy R H
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Tame
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C096725:SepA protein, Shigella; D037521:Virulence Factors; D010566:Virulence Factors, Bordetella; C068929:pertactin