title: Gait and balance impairments in Alzheimer disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the characteristics and associated factors of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients with balance and gait impairments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Balance and gait impairments were assessed in 380 AD patients using the Tinetti test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 120 (31.5%) patients had an abnormal Tinetti test, 96 (25.2%) had balance impairments, and 72 (18.9%) patients presented gait impairments. Global Tinetti score was associated with age [odds ratio (OR), 1.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05-1.14], Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score (OR, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.90-0.99), activities of daily living (ADL) score (OR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.47-0.83), and being man (OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.25-0.78). Balance impairment was associated with age (OR, 1.11; 95% CI, 1.05-1.17), ADL score (OR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.43-0.84), and being female (OR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.08-0.49). Gait impairment was associated with age (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03-1.15), MMSE score (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87-0.98), ADL score (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.46-0.87), body mass index (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.01-1.18), presence of comorbidities (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.14-3.96), and the Cornell score (OR, 2.97; 95% CI, 1.12-7.89).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AD patients are frequently concerned with balance and gait impairments. These impairments were associated to factors related to the severity of the disease (low MMSE and low ADL); nonmodifiable factors such as age or sex; and modifiable factors such as depression, obesity, and presence of comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Univ Toulouse III, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mazoteras Muñoz
authors.forename: Gabor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abellan van Kan
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cantet
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cortes
authors.forename: Pierre-Jean
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ousset
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rolland
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vellas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D004856:Postural Balance