Randomized trial of enteral protein and energy supplementation in infants less than or equal to 1250 g at birth.
OBJECTIVE
To determine if enteral protein and energy supplementation would significantly improve weight gain as compared with energy supplementation alone in <or=1250 g infants.


METHODS
Inclusion criteria were birth weight (BW) <or=1250 g, postnatal age >or=14 days, diet of >or=75% enteral nutrition (fortified human milk or formula) and either failure to regain BW or weight gain<15 g kg(-1) per days. Infants were randomized to a multinutrient supplement that provided increased protein and energy (P/E) intake or energy alone (medium chain triglyceride oil, MCT). Growth rates were compared at the end of the 4-week study period.


RESULTS
Of 30 eligible infants, 23 were enrolled, 12 received MCT (BW=862+/-252 g, mean+/-s.d.) and 11 received P/E (BW=879+/-241 g). Significantly higher protein intake (P/E=3.5+/-0.3 g kg(-1) per day, MCT=3.0+/-0.5 g kg(-1) per day) and better growth (P/E=17.0+/-2.4 g kg(-1) per day, MCT=11.5+/-4.8 g kg(-1) per day) were observed in the P/E group.


CONCLUSIONS
These data are consistent with the importance of providing additional daily protein intake to achieve increased postnatal growth in very low birth weight infants experiencing slow growth.
Brumberg
H L
HL
Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, New York Medical College, Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA. heather_brumberg@nymc.edu
Kowalski
L
L
Troxell-Dorgan
A
A
Gettner
P
P
Konstantino
M
M
Poulsen
J F
JF
Ehrenkranz
R A
RA
D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015430:Weight Gain
D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides