Recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and control of diseases caused by porcine circovirus type 2.
Post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) emerged as a significant disease affecting pig production in the 1990s although the causal agent, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), and the disease itself, had existed in swine for many years prior to this. The important multifactorial 'triggers' of PMWS include the immune and infection status of the sow, the timing of PCV2 infection, variations in the virulence of PCV2, co-infections, immune modulation as well as host genetics and management factors. In terms of diagnosis, histopathological examination and the detection of PCV2 within lymphoid tissue remains the 'gold standard' as quantitative PCR techniques are currently not specific or sensitive enough. The recent commercial availability of PCV2 vaccines provides an excellent tool for reducing the impact of PMWS and other porcine circovirus-related diseases. This review assesses recent advances in the epidemiology, diagnosis and control of PMWS.
Grau-Roma
Llorenç
L
Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA), UAB-IRTA, Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain. llgrau@cresa.uab.org
Fraile
Lorenzo
L
Segalés
Joaquim
J
D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018173:Circoviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D017925:Circovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D053570:Porcine Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D013552:Swine; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014774:Virulence; D014886:Weaning
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D014765:Viral Vaccines