title: Simultaneous infection of human host with genetically distinct isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
abstract: This study is the first report on genetic differences between isolates of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis from a single patient. We describe a simultaneous infection with genetically distinct isolates of P. brasiliensis in a patient with chronic paracoccidioidomycosis. The clinical isolates were obtained from lesions in different anatomical sites and were characterised by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis. The RAPD technique can be helpful for distinguishing between clinical isolates. Different random primers were used to characterise these clinical isolates. The RAPD patterns allowed for differentiation between isolates and the construction of a phenetic tree, which showed more than 28% genetic variability in this fungal species, opening new possibilities for clinical studies of P. brasiliensis. Based on these results and preliminary clinical findings, we suggest that different genotypes of P. brasiliensis might infect the same patient, inducing the active form of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Micologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT, Brasil.
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Batista Júnior
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berzaghi
authors.forename: Adelita Duanra Medeiros do Monte
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.forename: Cor Jesus Fernandes
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.forename: Zoilo Pires
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: de Camargo
authors.forename: Rosane Christine
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hahn
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal