Structure-activity relationship of indolicidin, a Trp-rich antibacterial peptide.
A series of Trp and Arg analogs of antibacterial indolicidin (Ind) was synthesized and the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities were investigated. [L(9)]Ind, [L(11)]Ind, [K(8),L(9)]Ind and [K(6, 8),L(9)]Ind showed desirable characteristics, exhibiting negligible hemolytic activity while keeping strong antibacterial activity. The results indicated that the Trp residue at position 11 essentially contributes to both activities and one can not be exchanged for the other, whereas the Trp residues at positions 4 and 9 play important roles in antimicrobial and hemolytic activities, respectively. The Trp residues at positions 6 and 8 play no important roles in biological activities. We then found that the retro analog of Ind showed higher antibacterial activity than Ind against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria but remarkably lower hemolytic activity than that of Ind.
Ando
Setsuko
S
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. andos@fukuoka-u.ac.jp
Mitsuyasu
Keitarou
K
Soeda
Yoshitake
Y
Hidaka
Mariko
M
Ito
Yuki
Y
Matsubara
Kouki
K
Shindo
Mitsuno
M
Uchida
Yoshiki
Y
Aoyagi
Haruhiko
H
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000737:chemistry*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; C073143:indolicidin; D014364:Tryptophan