title: Differential diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma with seropositivity for anti-HTLV antibody from adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.
abstract: Angioimmunoblastic lymphoma (AITL) is a nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma characterized by a proliferation of arborizing vessels and hyperplastic follicular dendritic cells as well as a polymorphous lymphoid infiltrate including neoplastic cells with clear cytoplasm. Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is caused by the retrovirus human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I), and the neoplastic cells are usually large and pleomorphic. Recently, a rare morphologic variant of ATLL with AITL-like features has been reported. Here, we presented a case of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with morphological features of AITL in Taiwan, a country non-endemic for HTLV, and the patient was seropositive for anti-HTLV antibody, which raised the possibility of ATLL with AITL-like features. Immunohistochemically, there were hyperplastic follicular dendritic meshworks by CD21 immunostaining, and the neoplastic cells expressed CD10, programmed death-1, and CXCL13. Furthermore, Southern blot analysis using DNA extracted from the nodal tissue was negative for HTLV-I proviral integration. Our investigations indicated that in an HTLV-I non-endemic area, a peripheral T-cell lymphoma with typical morphologic and immunophenotypic features of AITL could be confidently diagnosed as AITL even if the patient was seropositive for anti-HTLV antibody.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yung-Kang City, Tainan County, Taiwan. cmh5301@mail.chimei.org.tw
authors.forename: Shih-Sung
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ichinohasama
authors.forename: Jan-Show
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohshima
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007119:Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D015481:HTLV-I Antibodies