title: Increased hippocampal T2 in a rat model of pentylenetetrazol-induced kindling correlates with seizure scores.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical and experimental magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated that epilepsy is associated with hippocampal atrophy and T(2)-related abnormalities. The main aim of the present study is to investigate the mechanisms underlying regional T(2) changes in a rat model of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley rats received 14 doses of PTZ or saline every second day, and their convulsant responses to each PTZ injection were scored. The animals were imaged 7-10 days after the final dose. Based on their seizure scores during treatment and in a screening test performed 2 weeks post-treatment, the PTZ-treated animals were retrospectively divided into the kindled group and the unkindled group. Selected animals were sacrificed for histology after the screening test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Starting from the 8th injection, the average seizure score in kindled animals became significantly higher than that in unkindled animals. About half of the PTZ-treated rats developed hippocampal atrophy. Whether kindled or not, treated animals showed selective neuronal loss and astrocytosis in the hippocampus. No significant T(2) changes were observed for the unkindled rats, but T(2) was significantly elevated in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of the kindled animals. T(2) in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex of the treated animals correlated positively with the sum of the seizure scores over the entire kindling period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Instead of being merely a manifestation of neuronal degeneration, T(2) increases in the hippocampus and EC of the PTZ-kindled animals may have reflected neurobiologic processes that are related to kindling epileptogenesis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics & Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole