title: Factors related to extended hospital stays following deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) are typically discharged from the hospital the day following deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery; however, factors extending hospital stay are largely unknown. This study examined potential factors that might have corresponded to increased post-operative stays following unilateral DBS surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed on 115 unilateral PD DBS patients. Age, gender, number of microelectrode passes, duration and severity of illness, and pre-operative neuropsychological scores were considered as possible contributors to length of stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most patients (79%) had a hospital stay of one day following surgery. The most frequent reasons for delayed discharge (>1 day) included mental status change (N = 6) and hemorrhage (N = 5). Those with delayed discharge had significantly lower pre-surgical cognitive screening scores (Mini-Mental State Evaluation; MMSE), higher pre-surgical "on" medication motor score, and more microelectrode passes than those with immediate discharge. In correlation analyses, increasing length of hospital stay was significantly associated with more microelectrode passes, higher pre-surgical "on" medication motor scores, and decreasing MMSE scores. When the significant variables from the preliminary analyses were entered into a Poisson regression model, a greater number of microelectrode passes as well as lower MMSE scores remained significant predictors of increased length of stay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of microelectrode passes utilized for DBS surgery as well as a patient's general cognitive status may be important factors related to extended hospital stay. UPDRS "on" medication motor score may also provide some predictive power for immediate post-operative morbidity in unilateral DBS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, University of Florida, Movement Disorders Center, McKnight Brain Institute, Gainesville FL, USA.
authors.forename: Ania
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikos
authors.forename: Juliessa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pavon
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: Kelly D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Foote
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Resnick
authors.forename: Hubert H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Penelope
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garvan
authors.forename: Ananya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Okun
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D010351:Patient Discharge; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies