title: Kinetics of human male pronuclear development in a heterologous ICSI model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate human sperm nuclear chromatin decondensation in a heterologous ICSI system using hamster ova injected with human sperm.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frozen hamster oocytes were injected with Triton X-100 treated sperm and fixed at different time points post ICSI. Oocytes injected with non-treated sperm served as controls. Male pronuclear decondensation was evaluated after staining with DAPI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sperm cells with partially destroyed membranes and depletion of the acrosome decondense more rapidly and to a greater extent than membrane/acrosome intact cells. Marked variability in pronuclear size was observed for any time point post ICSI, which most probably reflects the heterogeneity in the mature human sperm population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Remodeling of male gamete nuclei in this heterologous ICSI mimics events that occur during natural fertilization in humans and therefore this approach may be used for studies of human sperm chromosomes transformations.
authors.affiliation: The Jones Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA.
authors.forename: Estella L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mudrak
authors.forename: Andrei O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Zalensky
mesh_terms: D000177:Acrosome / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053145:Cell Nucleus Size; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D006224:Cricetinae; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015053:Zygote / Q000648:ultrastructure