title: Repolarization abnormalities in Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Duchenne-type muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive inherited disease affecting mainly the skeletal and cardiac muscles. We aimed to seek associations between the incidence of ventricular arrhythmias and corrected QT (QTc) dispersion and its component, corrected JT (JTc) dispersion in patients with DMD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 43 consecutive male patients (mean age 8.8+/-3.0 years; range 3 to 17 years) with DMD. On standard 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECG) the QT and JT intervals and the corrected QT (QTc) and JTc dispersions were calculated. Ventricular extrasystoles were assessed on 24-hour Holter ECG recordings. Ventricular dysrhythmic patterns were evaluated according to the Lown-Wolf classification. The results were compared with those of a control group of 34 healthy children (mean age 9.5+/-3.1 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean QTc and JTc dispersion values were significantly higher in DMD patients compared to controls (QTc: 78.0+/-20.6 msec vs. 50.9+/-16.5 msec; JTc: 77.6+/-20.5 msec vs. 50.8+/-17.7 msec; p<0.05). The results of Holter monitoring were evaluated in 36 patients and in 33 controls. Ventricular extrasystoles were found in six patients (16.7%) and in one (grade I) control subject (3%). The incidence of pathological findings was significantly higher in the study group (p<0.05), including grade I pathology in four patients, grade II pathology in one patient, and grade IV in one patient. QTc and JTc dispersion values of the patients with and without ventricular extrasystoles showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar QTc and JTc dispersion values detected in patients with and without ventricular extrasystoles may suggest that ventricular repolarization abnormalities occur in early life and may predispose to the development of ventricular arrhythmias in the long-term.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Cardiology Department of Dr. Behçet Uz Children's Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. drmuratmuhtar@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Murat Muhtar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Yilmazer
authors.forename: Rukiye Eker
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Omeroğlu
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bornaun
authors.forename: Naci
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oner
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nişli
authors.forename: Türkan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ertuğrul
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors; D018879:Ventricular Premature Complexes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology