title: Citric acid production by Koji fermentation using banana peel as a novel substrate.
abstract: The growing demand for citric acid and the current need for alternative sources have encouraged biotechnologists to search for novel and economical substrates. Koji fermentation was conducted using the peels of banana (Musa acuminata) as an inexpensive substrate for the production of citric acid using Aspergillus niger. Various crucial parameters that affect citric acid production such as moisture content, temperature, pH, inoculum level and incubation time were quantified. Moisture (70%), 28 degrees C temperature, an initial pH 3, 10(8) spores/ml as inoculum and 72h incubation was found to be suitable for maximum citric acid production by A. niger using banana peel as a substrate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu 630 003, India.
authors.forename: Alagarsamy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.forename: Nallusamy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sivakumar
mesh_terms: D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008954:Models, Biological; D028521:Musa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019343:Citric Acid