title: Safety and effectiveness of the INVATEC MO.MA proximal cerebral protection device during carotid artery stenting: results from the ARMOUR pivotal trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The multicenter ARMOUR (ProximAl PRotection with the MO.MA Device DUring CaRotid Stenting) trial evaluated the 30-day safety and effectiveness of the MO.MA Proximal Cerebral Protection Device (Invatec, Roncadelle, Italy) utilized to treat high surgical risk patients undergoing carotid artery stenting (CAS).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Distal embolic protection devices (EPD) have been traditionally utilized during CAS. The MO.MA device acts as a balloon occlusion "endovascular clamping" system to achieve cerebral protection prior to crossing the carotid stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective registry enrolled 262 subjects, 37 roll-in and 225 pivotal subjects evaluated with intention to treat (ITT) from September 2007 to February 2009. Subjects underwent CAS using the MO.MA device. The primary endpoint, myocardial infarction, stroke, or death through 30 days (30-day major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events [MACCE]) was compared to a performance goal of 13% derived from trials utilizing distal EPD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the ITT population, the mean age was 74.7 years with 66.7% of the cohort being male. Symptomatic patients comprised 15.1% and 28.9% were octogenarians. Device success was 98.2% and procedural success was 93.2%. The 30-day MACCE rate was 2.7% [95% CI (1.0-5.8%)] with a 30-day major stroke rate of 0.9%. No symptomatic patient suffered a stroke during this trial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ARMOUR trial demonstrated that the MO.MA(R) Proximal Cerebral Protection Device is safe and effective for high surgical risk patients undergoing CAS. The absence of stroke in symptomatic patients is the lowest rate reported in any independently adjudicated prospective multicenter registry trial to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Riverside Methodist Hospital, 3705 Olentangy River Road, Columbus, OH 43214, USA. gansel@mocvc.com
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Ansel
authors.forename: L Nelson
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Hopkins
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jaff
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rubino
authors.forename: J Michael
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bacharach
authors.forename: Dierk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scheinert
authors.forename: Subbarao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Myla
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cremonesi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017130:Angioplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D021721:Balloon Occlusion / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States