title: Effect of rosiglitazone on progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: the assessment on the prevention of progression by rosiglitazone on atherosclerosis in diabetes patients with cardiovascular history trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rosiglitazone has several properties that may affect progression of atherosclerosis. The Assessment on the Prevention of Progression by Rosiglitazone on Atherosclerosis in Diabetes Patients With Cardiovascular History (APPROACH) study was undertaken to determine the effect of the thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone on coronary atherosclerosis as assessed by intravascular ultrasound compared with the sulfonylurea glipizide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This was a randomized, double-blind, controlled 18-month study in 672 patients aged 30 to 80 years with established type 2 diabetes mellitus treated by lifestyle, 1 oral agent, or submaximal doses of 2 oral agents who had at least 1 atherosclerotic plaque with 10% to 50% luminal narrowing in a coronary artery that had not undergone intervention during a clinically indicated coronary angiography or percutaneous coronary intervention. The primary outcome was change in percent atheroma volume in the longest and least angulated epicardial coronary artery that had not undergone intervention. Secondary outcomes included change in normalized total atheroma volume and change in total atheroma volume in the most diseased baseline 10-mm segment. Rosiglitazone did not significantly reduce the primary outcome of percent atheroma volume compared with glipizide (-0.64%; 95% confidence interval, -1.46 to 0.17; P=0.12). The secondary outcome of normalized total atheroma volume was significantly reduced by rosiglitazone compared with glipizide (-5.1 mm(3); 95% confidence interval, -10.0 to -0.3; P=0.04); however, no significant difference between groups was observed for the change in total atheroma volume within the most diseased baseline 10-mm segment (-1.7 mm(3); 95% confidence interval, -3.9 to 0.5; P=0.13).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rosiglitazone did not significantly decrease the primary end point of progression of coronary atherosclerosis more than glipizide in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary atherosclerosis. Clinical Trial Registration- http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique Identifier: NCT00116831.
authors.affiliation: McMaster University and Hamilton Health Sciences, Department of Medicine, Hamilton, Ontario L8N 3Z5, Canada. gerstein@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Hertzel C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gerstein
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ratner
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Serruys
authors.forename: Héctor M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.forename: Gerrit-Anne
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: van Es
authors.forename: Nikheel S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kolatkar
authors.forename: Barbara G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kravitz
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Nesto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human