title: Relevance of sphingolipids in the pleiotropic protective effects of high-density lipoproteins.
abstract: Atherosclerosis is the major cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A multitude of pro-atherogenic mediators are known liable for the initiation and progression of atherogenic vascular lesions. Only few endogenous molecules are known so far with cardiovascular protective properties, whereas high-density lipoprotein (HDL) is one of the most important. Beside cholesterol efflux, many pleiotropic cell-mediated functions of HDL are known so far. HDL is a spherical particle that contains different proteins and lipids. Especially sphingolipids, like sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), has gained great attention. The HDL associated S1P seems to be responsible for many of the pleiotropic effects of HDL by activating special S1P receptors. This review focuses on HDL associated sphingolipids as mediators of known protective pleiotropic effects of HDL and their possible therapeutic relevance.
authors.affiliation: Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Nephrologie, Hindenburgdamm 30, D-12203 Berlin, Germany. markus.toelle@charite.de
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tölle
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuchardt
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Giet
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid / Q000378:metabolism; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D049349:Receptors, Lysosphingolipid; D013107:Sphingolipids; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D013110:Sphingosine