title: Remember-Know and source memory instructions can qualitatively change old-new recognition accuracy: the modality-match effect in recognition memory.
abstract: Remember-Know (RK) and source memory tasks were designed to elucidate processes underlying memory retrieval. As part of more complex judgments, both tests produce a measure of old-new recognition, which is typically treated as equivalent to that derived from a standard recognition task. The present study demonstrates, however, that recognition accuracy can be qualitatively changed by a RK or source-retrieval orientation. Visual and auditory presentations of words were varied at encoding and at test. The memory test was either a standard (old-new) recognition test, the RK test, or a source (modality) test. No effect of modality match was found on standard recognition. However, recognition accuracy in the RK and modality tests was greater when study and test modalities matched-a result obtained for both 1-step (e.g., R, K, or new?) and 2-step (e.g., old-new decision followed by RK decision for items judged old) versions of these tests. Thus, the RK and source (modality) memory procedures produced a measure of old-new recognition that was qualitatively different than standard recognition, having a greater sensitivity to perceptual information.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3270, USA. nmulligan@unc.edu
authors.forename: Neil W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Mulligan
authors.forename: Miri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Besken
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D001245:Association Learning; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D015982:Bias; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012153:Retention, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D012660:Semantics; D013334:Students; D014495:Universities; D014825:Vocabulary