title: Inhibition of JAK/STAT signaling pathway prevents high-glucose-induced increase in endothelin-1 synthesis in human endothelial cells.
abstract: Emerging evidence demonstrates the involvement of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disorders associated with diabetes mellitus. The molecular mechanisms accountable for the increased production of ET-1 are not completely defined. The Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway is an essential pathogenic mechanism leading to endothelial cell dysfunction. Our aim has been to investigate the role of JAK/STAT in the regulation of ET-1 synthesis in human endothelial cells (EAhy926 cells line). EAhy926 cells were exposed to normal (5 mM) or high (25 mM) glucose concentrations in the presence/absence of various JAK/STAT inhibitors. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and gene reporter assay, we found that JAK/STAT inhibitors (STAT1 decoy oligodeoxynucleotides, AG490, S3I201, WP1066) significantly diminished the high-glucose-dependent up-regulation of ET-1 mRNA, peptide synthesis, and promoter activity. In silico analysis of the human ET-1 promoter revealed the presence of typical STAT1-gamma-activated sequence (STAT1-GAS) elements. Transient overexpression of STAT1 indicated an up-regulation of ET-1 promoter activity. Chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrated the physical interaction of STAT1 proteins with the predicted GAS sites. Regulation of ET-1 synthesis by the JAK/STAT pathway thus represents a novel mechanism by which high glucose induces endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetes. Since the JAK/STAT system is an important regulator of the response of endothelial cells to injury, the modulation of this system and the subsequent decrease in ET-1 level may represent a key pharmacological target in diabetes-associated cardiovascular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology Nicolae Simionescu, 8 BP Hasdeu Street, 050568, Bucharest, Romania.
authors.forename: Simona-Adriana
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Manea
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manea
authors.forename: Constantina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heltianu
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053612:Janus Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050791:STAT Transcription Factors; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D053612:Janus Kinases; D005947:Glucose