title: Bone mineral density and bone turnover in male masters athletes aged 40-64.
abstract: We evaluated areal bone mineral density (aBMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and markers of bone turnover in male competitive masters athletes representing different training profile in the past and at present, aged 40-64 (14 endurance runners, and 12 speed-power athletes), and non-sport controls (n = 13). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of total body and regional aBMD, BMC and soft tissue composition were acquired. Serum concentrations of osteocalcin (OC), C-terminal crosslinking telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT) and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) were measured. Adjusted total and regional aBMD and BMC (covariates: body mass, body height and age) were significantly greater in all measured regions in speed-power athletes than in endurance athletes and control subjects, but adjusted aBMD and BMC values were not significantly different between endurance athletes and controls. No differences in bone formation (OC), bone resorption (CTX), and serum concentrations of TNF-alpha, TT, FT and IGF-1 were noted. This suggests that weight-bearing exercise in young age and the training continuation in later life may be an important contributor to the aBMD and BMC in the middle age and in the elderly. It seems also that training-related bone differences in men are not caused by present alterations in bone turn-over or somatotropic effects. However, conclusions must be drawn with caution due to a large variability of biochemical markers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, University School of Physical Education in Poznań, Poland. anowak@awf.poznan.pl <anowak@awf.poznan.pl>
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Straburzyńska-Lupa
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusy
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zieliński
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Felsenberg
authors.forename: Jörn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rittweger
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karolkiewicz
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Straburzyńska-Migaj
authors.forename: Lucja
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pilaczyńska-Szcześniak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D056352:Athletes; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000378:metabolism; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D024042:Collagen Type I; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides; D011347:Procollagen / Q000097:blood; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000032:analysis; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014142:Track and Field / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D011347:Procollagen; D013002:Somatomedins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D013739:Testosterone