title: A human herpesvirus microRNA inhibits p21 expression and attenuates p21-mediated cell cycle arrest.
abstract: The oncogenic human gammaherpesvirus Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) expresses 12 viral microRNAs (miRNAs) in latently infected cells. Here, we report that cellular mRNAs encoding the cellular cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, a key inducer of cell cycle arrest, are direct targets for KSHV miR-K1. Ectopically expressed KSHV miR-K1 specifically inhibited the expression of endogenous p21 in KSHV-negative cells and strongly attenuated the cell cycle arrest that normally occurs upon p53 activation, yet miR-K1 did not prevent the induction of other p53-responsive genes. Stable knockdown of miR-K1 in latently KSHV-infected human primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) B cells revealed a derepression of p21 expression and enhanced cell cycle arrest following activation of p53. Our data demonstrate that miR-K1 represses the expression of p21, a protein with known tumor suppressor functions, and suggest that this KSHV miRNA is likely to contribute to the oncogenic potential of this opportunistic viral pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Center for Virology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gottwein
authors.forename: Bryan R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Cullen
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012367:RNA, Viral