title: Drug-susceptibility patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mpumalanga province, South Africa: possible guiding design of retreatment regimen.
abstract: Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has been a cause of concern in both developed and developing countries. The prevalence of drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) isolates (n=692) from Mpumalanga province was assessed. In total, 692 (64%) MTB strains from cases with pulmonary TB were tested for susceptibility against rifampicin, isoniazid, ethambutol, and streptomycin using the MGIT 960 instrument. Two hundred and nine (30.2%) strains were resistant to one or more drugs. Resistance to one drug ranged from 1.4% for ethambutol to 17.7% for rifampicin. The prevalence of MDR-TB ranged from 6.7% for three drugs to 34% for four drugs, with significant predictors being patients' age-groups of 25-54 years (p=0.0012) and >55 years (p=0.007). The result showed a high level (58.4%) of MDR-TB from cases in Mpumalanga province. To achieve a higher cure rate in this province, drug-susceptibility tests must be done for every case.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Virus Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, University of Venda, South Africa.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Obi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nchabeleng
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: de Villiers
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Sein
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Letsoalo
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hoosen
authors.forename: P O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Bessong
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Ndip
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015995:Prevalence; D019233:Retreatment / Q000379:methods; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000904:Antibiotics, Antitubercular; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin