title: Cytotoxicity evaluation of endosequence root repair material.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of EndoSequence Root Repair Material (Brasseler USA, Savannah, GA) and compare it with gray and white MTA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of 2 mg freshly mixed or set gray MTA (GMTA), white MTA (WMTA), EndoSequence Root Repair Material (ERRM), and AH26 were eluted with 300, 600, and 1,000 microL cell culture medium for 24 and 72 hours. L929 cells were seeded into 96-well plates at 3 x 10(4) cells/well and incubated with 100 microL elute from each elute group. Cells cultured only with culture medium served as negative control. AH26 was used as positive control. After 24 hours' incubation, cell cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell viability was calculated as percentage of the control group. The results were analyzed with 1-way analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For both set and fresh samples, there were no significant cell viability differences among GMTA, WMTA, and ERRM. Cell viability in the AH26 group was less than in all of the other 3 materials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that ERRM may have cell viability similar to GMTA and WMTA in both set and fresh conditions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Amer Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Alanezi
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Kamran E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Safavi
authors.forename: Larz S W
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Spangberg
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001729:Bismuth / Q000633:toxicity; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002516:Ceramics / Q000633:toxicity; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity*; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D004338:Drug Combinations; C550603:EndoSequence root repair material; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D012834:Silver; C028044:epoxy resin AH-26; D014025:Titanium; D001729:Bismuth