title: [Comparison of genotype characteristics between the circulating mumps virus strain in Beijing area and the vaccine strain].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the genetic characteristics of mumps virus strain circulating in Beijing with vaccine strain and to preliminarily analysis the reasons of vaccine ineffectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following methods were used: Isolation and identification of the mumps virus which had been circulating in Beijing, immunization history analysis, SH gene sequence analysis and comparison genotype homology with reference strains and analysis of the key amino acid sites of HN variation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 38 mumps cases that virus had been isolated from, another seven cases were IgM negative. In 2007 and 2008, the positive rates on virus isolation, RT-PCR and IgM-decreased significantly, while the cases with immunization history had an increase. Cases without histories of vaccination had both higher positive rates on virus isolation and IgM. Thirty-eight strains belonged to F genotype virus, but vaccine strain was A genotype. The circulating viruses showed 5.6% sequence divergence on SH gene nucleotide and 16.0% - 18.1% from vaccine strain. Conservative hydrophobic amino acids on SH protein of some Beijing strains had changed. For example, there were 6 strains, from No.8: L-->F. The circulating viruses showed 2.3% sequence divergence on HN protein amino acid sequences and 4.2% - 5.3% from vaccine strain. Amino acids sites, which deciding the ability of cross-neutralization of the Beijing strains and vaccine strains were different. At the 354 and 356 sites, all the Beijing strains were different from the vaccine strains. The N-glycosylation sites on HN of Beijing strains were also different from those on vaccine strains. Locations 464 - 466 appeared to be NCS on Beijing strain, but locations 464 - 466 were NCR on the vaccine strains. Another 18 unknown function amino acids sites of all Beijing strains were different from those on vaccine strains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In recent years, genotype F became the main genotype of circulating strains in Beijing without genotype variation, but larger difference was found between them. There was a big difference between SH and HN protein of Beijing strains and vaccine strain, which might explain the ineffectiveness of the vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tie-gang
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-juan
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D015707:HN Protein / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009107:Mumps / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D009108:Mumps Vaccine / Q000235:genetics*; D009109:Mumps virus / Q000235:genetics*; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015707:HN Protein; D009108:Mumps Vaccine; D014764:Viral Proteins; C067386:small hydrophobic protein, Mumps virus