title: [Expression of Toll-like receptors in spleen and lymphatic nodes after immunization by mucosal routes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine level of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) expression in spleen and lymphatic nodes of mice after immunization by mucosal routes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were immunized with polycomponent vaccine Immunovac either by mucosal or subcutaneous route. Expression of TLRs in spleen, respiratory tract-associated lymphatic nodes as well as in small intestine was measured in immunized mice by flow cytomentry method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After immunization of mice by subcutaneous, intranasal and oral routes level of TLRs expression was different. Significant expression of TLR9 and absence of TLR2 expression was noted after non-parenteral methods of immunization. After oral immunization expression of TLRs was identified in gut-and respiratory tract-associated lymphoid tissue as well as in spleen; after intranasal immunization--in respiratory tract-associated lymphoid tissue, and after subcutaneous immunization--in spleen and respiratory tract-associated lymphoid tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After oral immunization expression of TLRs was identified in all studied organs, including spleen. Involvement of spleen to this process allows to assume establishment of not only local but also systemic immunity.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Akhmatova
authors.forename: N B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Egorova
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Akhmatov
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kurbatova
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Semenova
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Chertov
authors.forename: B F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Semenov
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Zverev
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D007114:Immunization; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D022282:Vaccines, Acellular / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D022282:Vaccines, Acellular