Acid tolerance mechanisms utilized by Streptococcus mutans.
Since its discovery in 1924 by J Clarke, Streptococcus mutans has been the focus of rigorous research efforts due to its involvement in caries initiation and progression. Its ability to ferment a range of dietary carbohydrates can rapidly drop the external environmental pH, thereby making dental plaque inhabitable to many competing species and can ultimately lead to tooth decay. Acid production by this oral pathogen would prove suicidal if not for its remarkable ability to withstand the acid onslaught by utilizing a wide variety of highly evolved acid-tolerance mechanisms. The elucidation of these mechanisms will be discussed, serving as the focus of this review.
Matsui
Robert
R
Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, ON, M5G 1G6, Canada. robertmatsui@hotmail.com
Cvitkovitch
Dennis
D
D000143:Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological
D000143:Acids; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents