title: Cytochrome P450 2D6 polymorphism and drug utilization in patients with oral lichen planus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oral lichen planus (OLP) is one of the commonest diseases of the oral mucosa. The etiology of the disease is unknown. Our goal was to determine frequencies of functionally important alleles which determine the metabolic rate (phenotype) of individuals with OLP and to compare drug utilization, with focus on CYP2D6, with that of a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 46 patients with OLP, 60 sex- and age-matched control subjects for drug utilization evaluation and 223 healthy non-medicated controls for genotype comparison. DNA analysis was done using polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism. The gene CYP2D6 was analyzed for the alleles CYP2D6*3,*4,*5,*6 and gene duplication. Drug utilization was evaluated according to Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical code, liver drug metabolism pathway and mono- or polytherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intake of drugs was significantly higher in the group of OLP patients in comparison with control subjects. The use of CYP2D6 substrates, inhibitors or inducers did not differ between OLP patients and controls. Predicted phenotype frequencies in OLP patients and healthy controls, respectively were as follows: ultrarapid metabolizers 2% and 5.8%, extensive metabolizers 52% and 49.8%, intermediate metabolizers 39% and 37.7% and poor metabolizers 7% and 6.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find a statistically significant difference in the frequency of CYP2D6 alleles between OLP patients and healthy controls. OLP patients used more medication than age- and sex-matched controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, University Hospital of Hradec Králové, Prague, Czech Republic. pauluvla@fnhk.cz <pauluvla@fnhk.cz>
authors.forename: Vladimíra
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Paulusová
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rösch
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Drízhal
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perlík
authors.forename: Vladimír
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Masín
authors.forename: Sujith
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sukumar
authors.forename: Radovan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slezák
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Slanar
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D020440:Gene Duplication; D006801:Humans; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D019338:Polypharmacy
chemical_list: D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6