title: Osteonecrosis in patients after severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): possible role of anticardiolipin antibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the anticardiolipin antibodies in post-SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) osteonecrosis patients to investigate the etiology of post-SARS osteonecrosis, and to eventually provide valuable information for the early diagnosis of nontraumatic osteonecrosis and for the susceptible population screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study recruited 62 post-SARS osteonecrosis patients and 52 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. Fasting blood samples were collected from all the subjects through cubital veins. Immunoglobulins A, G and M (IgA, G and M) types of anticardiolipin antibodies were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The routine examinations of prothrombin time, thrombin time, prothrombin activity, and international normalized ratio were also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 21 of 62 post-SARS osteonecrosis patients (33.9%) who showed at least one type of anticardiolipin antibodies. The titers of specific IgA, IgG, and IgM were 11.33 +/- 11.209 APL, 5.127 +/- 5.927 GPL, and 17.821 +/- 10.606 MPL, respectively. There were only 4 of 52 subjects in the control group (7.7%) who showed positive anticardiolipin antibody with titers of IgA at 10.702 +/- 3.126 APL, IgG at 5.184 +/- 4.780 GPL, and IgM at 14.684 +/- 5.516 MPL. There were significant differences between the 2 groups confirmed by t-Test and chi(2) test (P < 0.05), while no significant differences were observed in prothrombin time, thrombin time, prothrombin activity, and international normalized ratio results between the 2 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidences of anticardiolipin antibodies were increased in the post-SARS osteonecrosis patients and anticardiolipin antibodies may play a role in the pathogenesis of post-SARS osteonecrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Center for Osteonecrosis and Joint Preserving and Reconstruction, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bai-Liang
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bing-Li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Feng-Chao
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhen-Cai
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Wan-Shou
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zi-Rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin