title: Effects of desmopressin on the sleep of children suffering from enuresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of 1-desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin (DDAVP) on sleep architecture and arousal reactions in children with primary monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (PME).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind, cross-over study was performed on children suffering from bed-wetting. Placebo and DDAVP were given for 7 days each after which an unattended home polysomnography (PSG) was recorded. After lifting the blinding, the PSGs were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 20 children with PME, aged 6-15 years, were enrolled in the study. The number of wet nights decreased significantly with DDAVP treatment. Delta power, distribution of sleep stages, number of arousals, arousal index and the effect of arousals on sleep stages did not differ significantly. Bed-wetting occurred within each sleep stage and did not follow any particular pattern. In most cases, it was preceded by an arousal reaction, but no awakening occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DDAVP has no effect on the sleep architecture of children with PME when analysed by classical PSG, which is determined by collecting the electric activity of cortical neurons. Taking recent research findings into account, this supports the thesis that the disturbances causing PME occur at brain stem level and do not reach consciousness.
authors.affiliation: General Pediatrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel, Germany. caroline.rahm@uk-sh.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rahm
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schulz-Juergensen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eggert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D050034:Antidiuretic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053206:Nocturnal Enuresis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010919:Placebos / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D050034:Antidiuretic Agents; D010919:Placebos; D003894:Deamino Arginine Vasopressin