Feline immunodeficiency virus model for designing HIV/AIDS vaccines.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) discovered in 1986 is a lentivirus that causes AIDS in domestic cats. FIV is classified into five subtypes (A-E), and all subtypes and circulating intersubtype recombinants have been identified throughout the world. A commercial FIV vaccine, consisting of inactivated subtype-A and -D viruses (Fel-O-Vax FIV, Fort Dodge Animal Health), was released in the United States in 2002. The United States Department of Agriculture approved the commercial release of Fel-O-Vax FIV based on two efficacy trials using 105 laboratory cats and a major safety trial performed on 689 pet cats. The prototype and commercial FIV vaccines had broad prophylactic efficacy against global FIV subtypes and circulating intersubtype recombinants. The mechanisms of cross-subtype efficacy are attributed to FIV-specific T-cell immunity. Findings from these studies are being used to define the prophylactic epitopes needed for an HIV-1 vaccine for humans.
Yamamoto
Janet K
JK
Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA. yamamoto@vetmed.ufl.edu
Sanou
Missa P
MP
Abbott
Jeffrey R
JR
Coleman
James K
JK
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015195:Drug Design; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D016181:Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes; D014765:Viral Vaccines