title: Inhibitory effect of diphlorethohydroxycarmalol on melanogenesis and its protective effect against UV-B radiation-induced cell damage.
abstract: In this study, potential inhibitory effect of 21 species of marine algae on melanogenesis was assessed via tyrosinase inhibitory effect. The Ishige okamurae extract tested herein evidenced profound tyrosinase inhibitory effect, compared to that exhibited by other marine algae extracts. Thus, I. okamurae was selected for use in further experiments, and was partitioned with different organic solvents. Profound tyrosinase inhibitory effect was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction, and the active compound was identified as the carmalol derivative, diphlorethohydroxycarmalol (DPHC), which evidenced higher levels of activity than that of commercial whitening agent. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation was reduced by the addition of DPHC and cell viability was dose-dependently increased. Moreover, DPHC demonstrated strong protective properties against UV-B radiation via damaged DNA tail length and morphological changes in fibroblast. Hence, these results indicate that DPHC isolated from I. okamurae has potential whitening effects and prominent protective effects on UV-B radiation-induced cell damages which might be used in pharmaceutical and cosmeceutical industries.
authors.affiliation: Marine Living Resources Research Department, Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Soo-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Seok-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Sung-Myung
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Seon-Heui
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Seung-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Do-Hyung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Won-Kyo
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Abu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Affan
authors.forename: Chulhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: You-Jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D020552:Comet Assay; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000737:chemistry*; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D008545:Melanoma; D051379:Mice; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C513811:diphlorethohydroxycarmalol; D004247:DNA; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase