title: Pharmacokinetic comparisons of hydroxysafflower yellow A in normal and blood stasis syndrome rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Safflower is a popular Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) to invigorate the blood and dispel 'blood stasis', which arises from poor blood circulation. The differences of pharmacokinetic properties between normal and blood stasis syndrome rats were seldom reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of hydroxysafflower yellow A (HSYA) following oral administration of hydroxysafflower yellow A and safflower extract with approximately the same dose of HSYA 100mg/kg in both normal and acute blood stasis rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals were orally administered with HYSA monomer and safflower extract. The blood samples were collected according to the time schedule. The concentrations of HSYA in rat plasma were determined by HPLC. Various pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated from the plasma concentration versus time data using non-compartmental methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that AUC(0-t), C(max), Vd and CL of HSYA in both HSYA monomer and safflower extract in acute blood stasis rats were with significant difference (P<0.05) comparing with that in normal rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicated that HSYA was with high uptake and eliminated slowly in the animals with blood stasis syndrome, suggesting that the rate and extent of drug metabolism was altered in acute blood stasis animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, No. 127, Changle West Road, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Zhi-Fu
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Ai-Dong
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001775:Blood Circulation; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D031187:Carthamus tinctorius / Q000737:chemistry*; D002599:Chalcone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D035264:Flowers; D008297:Male; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011809:Quinones / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D011809:Quinones; C085278:hydroxysafflor yellow A; D002599:Chalcone