title: Mechanism of immunopotentiation by aluminum-containing adjuvants elucidated by the relationship between antigen retention at the inoculation site and the immune response.
abstract: The relationship between depot formation and immunopotentiation was studied by comparing the retention of antigen at the inoculation site with antibody production in rats. A model (111)In-labeled alpha casein (IDCAS) antigen was formulated into four vaccines: IDCAS adsorbed onto either aluminum hydroxide adjuvant (AH) or aluminum phosphate adjuvant (AP); non-adsorbed IDCAS with phosphate-treated AP (PTAP); and IDCAS solution. Gamma scintigraphy showed the order of retention following subcutaneous administration to be: AH adsorbed>AP adsorbed>non-adsorbed with PTAP=solution. The antibody titers followed the order: non-adsorbed with PTAP=AP adsorbed>AH adsorbed>>solution. The presence of an aluminum-containing adjuvant was essential for immunopotentiation, but retention of the antigen at the inoculation site was not required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University, 575 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2091, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Noe
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Harm
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: HogenEsch
authors.forename: Stanley L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hem
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000327:Adsorption; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010710:Phosphates / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D000941:Antigens; D002364:Caseins; D010710:Phosphates; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; C012714:aluminum phosphate