title: Synergistic effects between conventional antibiotics and 2-aminoimidazole-derived antibiofilm agents.
abstract: 2-aminoimidazoles are an emerging class of small molecules that possess the ability to inhibit and disperse biofilms across bacterial order, class, and phylum. Herein, we report the synergistic effect between a 2-aminoimidazole/triazole conjugate and antibiotics toward dispersing preestablished biofilms, culminating with a 3-orders-of-magnitude increase of biofilm dispersion toward Staphylococcus aureus biofilms. Furthermore, we document that the 2-aminoimidazole/triazole conjugate will also resensitize multidrug-resistant strains of bacteria to the effects of conventional antibiotics, including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Huigens
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cavanagh
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Melander
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D002712:Chlorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D003091:Colistin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D004357:Drug Synergism; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000187:drug effects; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D017895:Manganese Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D009675:Novobiocin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002712:Chlorides; D007093:Imidazoles; D017895:Manganese Compounds; D014230:Triazoles; D009675:Novobiocin; C014973:2-aminoimidazole; D008274:Magnesium; D002122:Calcium Chloride; C025340:manganese chloride; D014031:Tobramycin; D003091:Colistin