title: [Interaction between exposure to environmental smoke and the family history of chronic bronchitis (CB) on the risk of CB in rural females in Liuyang city, Hunan province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationships and interaction among the exposure to environmental smoke, family history of chronic bronchitis (CB) and CB, in rural women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based case-control study chi(2) was used to analyze the relationship between environmental smoke exposure, CB family history and CB. Additive effects model was used to analyze the interaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first stage, 157 CB patients were screened from 24 268 women residents (prevalence rate is 6.47 per thousand), then 92 patients (case group) and 114 healthy women (control group) were investigated in the second stage. Results showed that: coal/firewood for heating (OR = 36.21) and CB family history (OR = 6.41) might serve as the risk factors of CB in rural women (P < 0.05). Factors as frequent cooking and using coal/firewood for heating had a positive interaction with family history of CB in rural women, CB with S as 5.39 and 9.02, attributable proportions of interaction (API) as 72% and 88%, relative excess risk of interaction (RERI) as 6.50 and 225.99, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using coal/firewood for heating and CB family history might be the risk factors of CB for rural women. A positive interaction between cooking frequently, heating model and CB family history was also seen.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Si-yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lin-xiang
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cui-min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Shi-wu
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Hong-zhuan
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D029481:Bronchitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003296:Cooking; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012906:Smoke / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D012906:Smoke