title: An international trial of antioxidants in the prevention of preeclampsia (INTAPP).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate whether prenatal vitamin C and E supplementation reduces the incidence of gestational hypertension (GH) and its adverse conditions among high- and low-risk women.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a multicenter randomized controlled trial, women were stratified by the risk status and assigned to daily treatment (1 g vitamin C and 400 IU vitamin E) or placebo. The primary outcome was GH and its adverse conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 2647 women randomized, 2363 were included in the analysis. There was no difference in the risk of GH and its adverse conditions between groups (relative risk, 0.99; 95% confidence interval, 0.78-1.26). However, vitamins C and E increased the risk of fetal loss or perinatal death (nonprespecified) as well as preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin C and E supplementation did not reduce the rate of preeclampsia or GH, but increased the risk of fetal loss or perinatal death and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hôpital Ste-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Hairong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez-Cuevas
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Hortensia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: von Dadelszen
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leduc
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Audibert
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moutquin
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Piedboeuf
authors.forename: Bryna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shatenstein
authors.forename: Socorro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parra-Cabrera
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Choquette
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winsor
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Helewa
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dubé
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tawagi
authors.forename: Gareth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Seaward
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohlsson
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Magee
authors.forename: Femi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olatunbosun
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gratton
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shear
authors.forename: Nestor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Demianczuk
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Collet
authors.forename: Shuqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000453:epidemiology; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid