title: The Botox phenomenon.
abstract: This paper explores the gaps in public information pertaining to onabotulinumtoxinA (Botox/Botox Cosmetic), a treatment option for patients whereby nurses may serve as assistants, direct care providers, patient educators, and researchers. Nurses play an important role in Botox/Botox Cosmetic administration and it remains imperative that they protect the public by clarifying information on Food and Drug Administration approved and unapproved uses. The debate is still pending on whether there are potential positive or negative long-term effects. The pathophysiology and international use of botulinum toxin are discussed, as are the reasons to seek treatment from medically qualified professionals.
authors.affiliation: Master's Entry Program in Nursing, University of San Diego, CA 92117, USA. ariellajd@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ariella B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Darlington
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004506:Education, Nursing; D006801:Humans; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015361:Rhytidoplasty; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A