title: Hemolytic activity is mediated by the endogenous lectin in the mosquito hemolymph serum.
abstract: Although cytolysis of invading organisms is an innate form of immunity used by invertebrates, so far the underlying mechanism remains less explored. The pupal hemolymph of the mosquito Armigeres subalbatus induces an activity that causes hemolysis of human red blood cells (HRBC). This hemolytic activity was inhibited by sialic acid (N-acetylneuraminic acid) and serine protease inhibitors. We purified the sialic acid-specific lectin(s) from the pupal hemolymph using formaldehyde-fixed HRBC and determined the sequence of the amino-terminal 19 amino acid residues. A polyclonal antibody produced against this N-terminal peptide clearly inhibited the hemolytic activity of the hemolymph in vitro, thus suggesting that the hemolysis of HRBC is caused by the lectin present in the mosquito hemolymph. We suggest that mosquitoes possess a cytolysis system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Entomology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. tsasaki@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Mutsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D009033:Culicidae / Q000276:immunology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000737:chemistry*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011679:Pupa / Q000276:immunology; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D037102:Lectins; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid