title: Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of moxifloxacin in buffalo calves.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of moxifloxacin were investigated in buffalo calves following a single intravenous and intramuscular administration of moxifloxacin (5 mg kg(-1) body wt.). Moxifloxacin concentrations in plasma and urine were determined by microbiological assay. Pharmacokinetic analysis of disposition data indicated that intravenous administration data were best described by a two compartment open model, whereas intramuscular administration data were best described by a one compartment open model. Following intravenous administration, the elimination half life (t(1/2beta)), volume of distribution (Vd(area)) and total body clearance were 2.69+/-0.14 h, 1.43+/-0.08 L kg(-1) and 371.2+/-11.2 ml kg(-1)h(-1), respectively. Following intramuscular administration, the absorption half life (t(1/2ka)) was 0.83+/-0.20 h. The systemic bioavailability (F) of moxifloxacin in buffalo calves was 80.0+/-4.08%. Urinary excretion of moxifloxacin was less than 14% after 24h of administration of drug. In vitro binding of moxifloxacin to plasma proteins of buffalo calves was 28.4+/-3.77%. From the data of surrogate markers (AUC/MIC, C(max)/MIC), it was determined in the buffalo calves that when administered by intravenous or intramuscular route at 5 mg kg(-1), moxifloxacin is likely to be effective against bacterial isolates with MIC< or =0.1 microg ml(-1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pathania
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006207:Half-Life; D008297:Male; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin