title: Improved immunogenicity of biodegradable polymer particles entrapped rotavirus vaccine.
abstract: Rotavirus (RV) entrapped in polylactide (PLA) and polylactide-coglycolide (PLGA) polymer particles were formulated and evaluated in mice for improved immunogenicity using oral, intranasal (IN), and intramuscular (IM) routes of administration. Microparticles of size ranges between 1 and 8 µm were prepared using double emulsion solvent evaporation technique. Stabilizers like mouse serum albumin, sucrose, and sodium bicarbonate that were used during particle formulation helped in minimizing the denaturation of the entrapped antigen. Immunization with 20 µg of antigen entrapped in polymeric particles through various routes of administration elicited measurable amount of antibody titer in mice. The immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) titer (≥4-fold rise between pre and post immunized sera) was analyzed by the use of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PLGA encapsulated RV microparticles elicited better antibody response through IN route (90%) where as PLA encapsulated RV microparticles showed improved response when administrated through oral route (83.3%). Overall, the performance of IN route based immunization was significantly higher than oral and IM route ( p<0.001) with both the polymers. The results are of indication that, PLGA encapsulated RV microparticles have greater potential for vaccine formulation to combat rotavirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
authors.forename: Bismita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: Alok R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Amulya K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.forename: Pratima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002648:Child; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D023421:Models, Animal; D010316:Particle Size; D011091:Polyesters; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D011091:Polyesters; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)