title: Fluorescence imaging of vascular endothelial growth factor in tumors for mice embedded in a turbid medium.
abstract: We demonstrate the feasibility of fluorescence imaging of deeply seated tumors using mice injected with an angiogenesis tracer, a vascular endothelial growth factor conjugated with the infrared dye cyanine 7 (VEGF/Cy7). Our optical-only imaging reconstruction method separately estimates the target depth, and then applies this information to reconstruct functional information such as fluorophore concentration. Fluorescence targets with concentrations as low as sub-25 nM are well reconstructed at depths up to 2 cm in both homogeneous and heterogeneous media with this technique.
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Nrusingh C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Biswal
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Gamelin
authors.forename: Baohong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Marina V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Backer
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Backer
authors.forename: Quing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D014054:Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C501744:indotricarbocyanine