title: Differentiation of autoimmune pancreatitis from pancreatic cancer by diffusion-weighted MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to clarify the clinical utility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) for differentiating autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) from pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen AIP patients underwent DWI before therapy, and six of them underwent DWI after steroid therapy. The extent and shape of high-intensity areas were compared with those of 40 pancreatic cancer patients. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated in the AIP area before and after steroid therapy in pancreatic cancer patients and in a normal pancreatic body.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On DWI, AIP and pancreatic cancer were detected as high-signal intensity areas. The high-intensity areas were diffuse (n=4), solitary (n=6), and multiple (n=3) in AIP patients, but all pancreatic cancer patients showed solitary areas (P<0.001). A nodular shape was significantly more frequent in pancreatic cancer, and a longitudinal shape was more frequently found in AIP (P=0.005). ADC values were significantly lower in AIP (1.012+/-0.112 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) than in pancreatic cancer (1.249+/-0.113 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) and normal pancreas (1.491+/-0.162 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s) (P<0.001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis yielded an optimal ADC cutoff value of 1.075 x 10(-3) mm(2)/s to distinguish AIP from pancreatic cancer. After steroid therapy, high-intensity areas on DWI disappeared or were markedly decreased, and the ADC values of the reduced pancreatic lesions increased almost to the values of normal pancreas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DWI is useful for detecting AIP and for evaluating the effect of steroid therapy. ADC values were significantly lower in AIP than in pancreatic cancer. An ADC cutoff value may be useful for distinguishing AIP from pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. kamisawa@cick.jp
authors.forename: Terumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamisawa
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takuma
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anjiki
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Egawa
authors.forename: Tastuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Masanao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: Mizuka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012372:ROC Curve; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids