title: The evaluation of saphenofemoral insufficiency in primary adult varicocele.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationship between varicocele and saphenofemoral insufficiency in patients diagnosed with primary varicocele. A total of 70 patients with the primary diagnosis of varicocele were included into the study. A total of 30 age-matched healthy adults were also included in the study as a control group. Varicocele was diagnosed by palpation and observation of each spermatic cord in standing position before and during a valsalva maneuver. Additionally, scrotal Doppler and lower extremity venous Doppler ultrasonography were performed. Patients who were with spermatic varicose vein larger than 3.0 mm were included in the study group as a varicocele patient. At the lower extremity venous Doppler ultrasonography, a retrograde flow lasting longer than 0.5 seconds during normal breathing or at the valsalva maneuver was considered to be meaningful for saphenofemoral junction insufficiency. Thirty-six (51.35%) patients had insufficiency in saphenofemoral junction in the study group (6 [8.5%] bilateral, 30 [42.85%] unilateral) whereas 8 (26.6%) had insufficiency in the control group (2 [6.6%] bilateral, 6 [20%] unilateral insufficiency). The patients with primary varicocele had a statistically significant (P = .02) higher rate of venous insufficiency in their saphenofemoral junctions when compared with the control group. In the present study, the rate of saphenofemoral insufficiency has been found to be statistically higher in patients with primary varicocele compared with healthy men. Depending on the common presence of valvular insufficiency, we believe that the presence of varicocele should be investigated in the young population suffering from saphenofemoral junction insufficiency.
authors.affiliation: Yeditepe University Medical School, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey. hakan.koyuncu@yeditepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyuncu
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ergenoglu
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yencilek
authors.forename: Nilay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gulcan
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tasdelen
authors.forename: Esin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yencilek
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sarica
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005268:Femoral Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000098:blood supply*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014646:Varicocele / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*