title: Tetramethylpyrazine promotes proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells from rat brain in hypoxic condition via mitogen-activated protein kinases pathway in vitro.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an active element of traditional Chinese medicine Ligusticum Chuanxiong, on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) from rat brain in hypoxia condition and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) signaling pathway during the processes. The results showed that TMP promoted the proliferation and differentiation of the NSCs into neurons. TMP increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and decreased the phosphorylation of p38 at different time points. ERK inhibitor (U0126) in part blocked the differentiation of the NSCs into neurons induced by TMP. Our findings demonstrated that TMP enhanced the proliferation and differentiation of NSCs of rat after hypoxia in vitro, in which the phosphorylation of ERK and p38 was involved.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurobiology, Environment and Genes Related to Diseases Key Laboratory of Education Ministry, The State Key Subject for Physiology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, College of Medicine, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xinlin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Haixia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qindong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Junfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pengbo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009570:Nitriles; D011719:Pyrazines; C113580:U 0126; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C017953:tetramethylpyrazine