title: Conducting drug abuse investigations in natural environments: potential directions for medical toxicology research.
abstract: Physician-scientists, in the eyes of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), are crucial to the biomedical research enterprise since the development of evidence-based practice based on cutting-edge research. At the same time, NIH has heightened the importance of research mentorship by permitting investigators to revise an application a single time. The current NIH approach, therefore, narrows the margin of error allowable in a proposal and requires that investigators fully develop research protocols for initial submission. The purpose of this manuscript, therefore, is to provide medical toxicologists with a proven research methodology that can be applied to substance abuse investigations. A secondary aim is to provide successful grant language that can be used in subsequent applications for research funding.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. Edward.boyer@childrens.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Fay
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buckosh
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Hibberd
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Case
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000592:standards; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008611:Mentors; D009316:National Institutes of Health (U.S.) / Q000191:economics; D018579:Patient Selection; D017712:Peer Review, Research / Q000592:standards; D012109:Research Support as Topic / Q000592:standards; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014116:Toxicology / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D014481:United States