title: Protective effect of urinary trypsin inhibitor on the development of radiation-induced lung fibrosis in mice.
abstract: This study aimed to analyze whether Ulinastatin, a urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI), inhibits the TGF-beta signaling pathway and lung fibrosis induced by thoracic irradiation in a lung injury mouse model. The thoraces of 9-week-old female fibrosis-sensitive C57BL/6 mice were irradiated with a single X-ray dose of 12 Gy or 24 Gy. UTI was administrated intraperitoneally at a dose of 200,000 units/kg concurrently with radiation (concurrent UTI) or daily during the post-irradiation period for 8-14 days (post-RT UTI). Mice were sacrificed at 16 weeks after irradiation to assess the histological grade of lung fibrosis and immunohistochemical TGF-beta expression. Survival rates of mice given 24 Gy to the whole lung +/- UTI were also compared. Post-RT UTI reduced the score of lung fibrosis in mice, but concurrent UTI had no beneficial effects in irradiated mice. The fibrosis score in post-RT UTI mice was 3.2 +/- 1.0, which was significantly smaller than that of irradiated mice without UTI treatment (RT alone; 6.0 +/- 1.3; p < 0.01). The rates of TGF-beta positive cells in post-RT UTI and the RT alone mice were 0.18 +/- 0.03 and 0.23 +/- 0.04, respectively (p < 0.01). There was a significantly positive correlation between the fibrosis score and the TGF-beta positive rate (R(2) = 0.26, p < 0.01). The survival rate at 30 weeks for post-RT UTI mice was significantly better than that of RT alone mice (33% vs. 10%, p < 0.05). The administration of post-RT UTI suppressed TGF-beta expression and radiation-induced lung fibrosis, which resulted in significant survival prolongation of the irradiated mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan. hkatoh@gunma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000378:metabolism; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017564:Radiation Pneumonitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C028665:urinastatin