title: [Viral noncoding RNAs].
abstract: Many lines of recent evidence indicate that non-coding RNAs including micro RNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) play an important role in the control of gene expression in diverse cellular processes and in defense responses against molecular parasites such as viruses and transposons. Viruses also use many different types of non-coding RNAs for regulating expression of their own genome or host genome temporally and spatially to ensure efficient virus proliferation and/or latency in the host cell. Here, we introduce the generation mechanisms and functions of novel non-coding RNAs generated from both animal and plant RNA viruses, after a brief review of non-coding RNAs of DNA viruses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. iwakawa@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiro-oki
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Iwakawa
authors.forename: Testuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okuno
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005095:Exoribonucleases; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D035683:MicroRNAs; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000502:physiology; D012367:RNA, Viral; D019183:Tombusviridae / Q000235:genetics; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000235:genetics; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D035683:MicroRNAs; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D012367:RNA, Viral; C052835:adenovirus associated RNA; D005095:Exoribonucleases; C028793:5'-exoribonuclease