title: Glutamate receptor biology and its clinical significance in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: The recent appreciation that a subset of anti-DNA antibodies cross-reacts with the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encourages a renewed examination of antibrain reactivity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) autoantibodies. Moreover, investigations of their autospecificity present a paradigm for studies of antibrain reactivity and show that (1) serum antibodies access brain tissue only after a compromise of blood-brain barrier integrity, (2) the same antibodies have differential effects on brain function depending on the region of brain exposed to the antibodies, and (3) insults to the blood-brain barrier are regional rather than diffuse. These studies suggest that an anatomic classification scheme for neuropsychiatric SLE may facilitate research on etiopathogenesis and the design of clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aranow
authors.forename: Betty
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Meggan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mackay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D006801:Humans; D020945:Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology; D051379:Mice; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate