title: Hemodynamic effects of chronic smoking in liver cirrhosis: a role for adrenomedullin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of smoking on the hemodynamic status of liver cirrhosis and several vasoactive substances.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hemodynamic, blood gases values, liver parameters, and several vasopressors and vasodilators substances were measured in consecutive inpatients diagnosed of liver cirrhosis divided into two groups: smokers and nonsmokers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen smoking cirrhotic patients and 13 nonsmoking cirrhotic patients were studied. Both groups showed similar age, Child--Pugh and model for end-stage liver disease indexes. Smokers had higher levels of hemoglobin and lower partial pressure of arterial oxygen, FEV1/FVC %, cardiac output and total vascular resistance than nonsmokers. Plasma level of adrenomedullin was independently higher in nonsmoking cirrhotic patients than in smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast with smoking cirrhotic patients, nonsmoking cirrhotic patients show an increased systemic vasodilation, which could depend on higher plasmatic levels of adrenomedullin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain. jalonsom@cfnavarra.es
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alonso-Martínez
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Anniccherico-Sánchez
authors.forename: Miren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urbieta-Echezarreta
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Garcia-Sanchotena
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Olaz-Preciado
mesh_terms: D053607:Adrenomedullin / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D053607:Adrenomedullin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I