title: Extraction of anionic dye from aqueous solutions by emulsion liquid membrane.
abstract: In this work, the extraction of Congo red (CR), an anionic disazo direct dye, from aqueous solutions by emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was investigated. The important operational parameters governing emulsion stability and extraction behavior of dye were studied. The extraction of CR was influenced by a number of variables such as surfactant concentration, stirring speed, acid concentration in the feed solution and volume ratios of internal phase to organic phase and of emulsion to feed solution. Under most favorable conditions, practically all the CR molecules present in the feed phase were extracted even in the presence of salt (NaCl). At the optimum experimental conditions, total removal of antharaquinonic dye Acid Blue 25 was attained after only 10 min. Influence of sodium carbonate concentration as internal receiving phase on the stripping efficiency of CR was examined. The best sodium carbonate concentration in the internal phase that conducted to excellent stripping efficiency (>99%) and emulsion stability was 0.1N. The membrane recovery was total and the permeation of CR was not decreased up to seven runs. ELM process is a promising alternative to conventional methods and should increase awareness of the potential for recovery of anionic dyes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Annaba, P.O. Box 12, 23000 Annaba, Algeria.
authors.forename: Attef
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dâas
authors.forename: Oualid
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hamdaoui
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions; D000880:Anthraquinones; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003224:Congo Red; D004655:Emulsions; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010539:Permeability; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D012996:Solutions; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C542340:1-amino-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxo-4-(phenylamino)-2-anthracenesulfonic acid; D000838:Anions; D000880:Anthraquinones; D002254:Carbonates; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004655:Emulsions; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D012996:Solutions; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D003224:Congo Red; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C005686:sodium carbonate; C033158:sulfuric acid