title: Evaluation of the combined use of ultrasound irradiation and wound dressing on pressure ulcers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of ultrasound irradiation when used alongside standard care in the treatment of pressure ulcers; outcome measures were reduction in wound size and exudate weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients (two male and three female, age range: 76-92 years) with seven ulcers participated in this study. They had National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP) stage III or IV pressure ulcers. We conducted an ABABA study (A: standard treatment with dressings that promote a moist wound healing environment; B: ultrasound irradiation administered to the pressure ulcer through the same dressing used in period A; each period lasted 2-4 weeks). Six ulcers each were randomised to either the treatment group or control group. One ulcer was not randomised, but was the first to receive ultrasound in the BABA sequence, with a view to determining if the pilot was feasible. The control group received sham ultrasound in period B. Pulsed ultrasound (20% duty cycle, 0.5W/cm2 on the wound surface, 1MHz or 3MHz, for 10 minutes) was applied five times weekly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the treatment group, two ulcers markedly decreased in size after 3-4 weeks of US treatment, one ulcer decreased in size soon after initiation of treatment and one ulcer showed no clear reduction in size. The volume of exudate was greater in period B than A in two ulcers that reduced markedly in size after 3-4 weeks of US treatment. None of the ulcers in the control group decreased markedly in size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study suggests that US used alongside standard treatment might promote the healing of pressure ulcers. However, larger studies are required to determine the efficacy and mechanism of US treatment for PUs.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  None.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Biophysics, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maeshige
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terashi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D047070:Bandages, Hydrocolloid; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D014945:Wound Healing