title: HIV-1 infects multipotent progenitor cells causing cell death and establishing latent cellular reservoirs.
abstract: HIV causes a chronic infection characterized by depletion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes and the development of opportunistic infections. Despite drugs that inhibit viral spread, HIV infection has been difficult to cure because of uncharacterized reservoirs of infected cells that are resistant to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and the immune response. Here we used CD34(+) cells from infected people as well as in vitro studies of wild-type HIV to show infection and killing of CD34(+) multipotent hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). In some HPCs, we detected latent infection that stably persisted in cell culture until viral gene expression was activated by differentiation factors. A unique reporter HIV that directly detects latently infected cells in vitro confirmed the presence of distinct populations of active and latently infected HPCs. These findings have major implications for understanding HIV bone marrow pathology and the mechanisms by which HIV causes persistent infection.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Christoph C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Adewunmi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onafuwa-Nuga
authors.forename: Lucy A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riddell
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bixby
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Savona
authors.forename: Kathleen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016923:Cell Death; D002460:Cell Line; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000821:virology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000502:physiology; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010455:Peptides