title: The effect of alpha-blocker treatment on bladder hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha regulation during lower urinary tract obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether alpha1-blocker treatment, in chronic bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), influences bladder tissue ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective study included 60 patients with BOO, of which 40 were under alpha1-blocker medication and 20 without treatment. Patients underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or suprapubic prostatectomy (SPP). Ten patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer underwent transurethral resection of the bladder tumor and served as the control group. Tissue specimens were immunohistochemically stained for hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bladder tissue from obstructed subjects showed high immunoreactivity to HIF-1alpha. The specimens from the control group, showed no or weak, mainly cytoplasmic immunoreactivity to HIF-1alpha. Patients under alpha -blocker treatment did not differ in the number of HIF-1alpha positive cells compared to subjects with no treatment (median number 86.8 [20-150] and 88.6 [0-175], respectively) (p > 0.05). The lowest bladder pressure at which HIF-1alpha was up regulated, was detected at detrusor pressure Qmax (PdetQmax) = 60 cm H2O.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with alpha-blockers in obstructed patients considered as non-responders, does not result in HIF-1alpha down regulation, thus bladder continues to be under chronic stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Athens University Medical School, LAIKO Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koritsiadis
authors.forename: Stavros I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Tyritzis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koutalellis
authors.forename: Andreas C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lazaris
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stravodimos
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D015415:Biomarkers; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit