title: Pro-inflammatory interleukins in patients operated on for proximal femur fracture.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to measure plasma IL 6 and IL 8 in patients with proximal femoral fracture (PFF) during the early phases of trauma and operation and to find out if there was any correlation between these ILs and the post-operative lower limb oedema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with a median age of 81 years were grouped into pertrochanteric fracture (PTF) (n = 16) and femoral cervical fracture (FCF) (n = 14). Plasma interleukin levels were determined on blood samples obtained from the common femoral vein, immediately after hospital admission, 1 h before operation, and post-operatively at 1, 6, 12, 24, 48 h and on the 7th day. Thigh oedema was calculated by the frustum method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the patients with PTF, maximum mean plasma IL-6 and IL-8 values were found, respectively at 24 h (45.12 pg/mL) and 6 hours (21.7 pg/mL) postoperatively. Whereas, in the patients with FCF, it was respectively, at 12 h (33.1 pg/mL) and 6 h (17.0 pg/mL), for IL-6 and IL-8 post operatively. The patients with PTF and FCF had respectively, 34.1% and 27.4% more thigh oedema in the operated limb on the 7th post-operative day as compared to the preoperative oedema volume (p<0.001). No significant correlation could be found between the plasma IL-6 and IL-8 levels and oedema in the operated limb.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased levels of IL 6 and IL 8 suggest ongoing inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Diagnosis and Research, Oslo University Hospital Aker and Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Norway. s.s.h.kazmi@medisin.uio.no
authors.forename: Syed Sajid H
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kazmi
authors.forename: Einar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stranden
authors.forename: Andries J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kroese
authors.forename: Lien M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Diep
authors.forename: Egil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haug
authors.forename: Jørgen J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003710:Demography; D004487:Edema / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8