title: [A case of ketamine dependence].
abstract: Ketamine is a rapid-acting anaesthetic agent which has been used for over 40 years. It is an antagonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors and agonist of mu and sigma opiate receptors. Ketamine acts through inhibition of sensory parts in the brain and stimulation of the limbic system and optic thalamus. The most common psychiatric disorders observed after the use of ketamine are: psychomotor agitation, hallucinations, status of stupor, consciousness disorders. There are observed cases of non-medical use of ketamine since the sixties of the 20th century. The authors describe the case of a 52 year old man who has been addicted to ketamine for 15 years. The patient was admitted to hospital to observe and treat the withdrawal syndrome as an effect of abrupt discontinuation of a chronically abused substance. On the ground of medical examinations, standard tests, anamnesis and hospital observation, ketamine dependence syndrome of a person with personality disorders was recognized. There was no somatic symptoms of withdrawal syndrome observed. The patient complained of sleep disorders and anxiety. Diazepam, carbamazepine and vitamins was used during treatment. The patient was motivated to stop using ketamine. This case and the described symptoms were compared with others articles.
authors.affiliation: Oddział Kliniczny Psychiatrii Slaskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego, Wielospecjalistyczny Szpital Powiatowy w Tarnowskich Górach.
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Błachut
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sołowiów
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janus
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruman
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cekus
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matysiakiewicz
authors.forename: Robert Teodor
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Hese
mesh_terms: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D007649:Ketamine