title: The prevalence and correlates of taking folic acid and vitamin supplements among adults aged ≥ 45 years with CVD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the prevalence and likelihood of taking folic acid or vitamin supplements among adults with CHD or stroke v. adults without these conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System survey was conducted in twelve states of the United States and Puerto Rico in 2006. Self-reported data from participants were collected.
  
  
  METHODS
  The United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  US non-institutionalised adults (n 41 792), aged ≥ 45 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all participants, 5445 had CHD and 2076 had stroke. Significantly higher percentages of women than men reported taking folic acid or vitamin supplements. After adjustment for potential confounders, women with CHD had a significantly lower adjusted prevalence (AP) and adjusted OR (AOR) than women without CHD for taking folic acid less than one time per d (AP = 3·9 % v. 5·5 %; AOR = 0·56; 95 % CI 0·39, 0·81), for taking folic acid one to four times per d (AP = 50·0 % v. 57·5 %; AOR = 0·68; 95 % CI 0·60, 0·79), and for taking vitamin supplements (AP = 60·9 % v. 69·9 %; AOR = 0·66; 95 % CI 0·57, 0·76). Men with CHD had a significantly higher AP (50·4 % v. 46·2 %) and AOR (1·17; 95 % CI 1·02, 1·33) of taking folic acid one to four times per d than men without CHD. In both sexes, adults with stroke were as likely as those without to take these supplements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Substantial variations in the prevalence and likelihood of taking folic acid or vitamin supplements exist by gender and by CHD status, but not by stroke status.
authors.affiliation: Division of Adult and Community Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 4770 Buford Highway, Mailstop K66, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. GZhao@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Guixiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Earl S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Chaoyang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ali H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mokdad
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D040343:Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D015995:Prevalence; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000453:epidemiology; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D005492:Folic Acid