title: Hyperglycemia impairs acetylcholine-induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles through polyol pathway-independent mechanisms in rats.
abstract: We previously reported that acetylcholine (ACh)-induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles is diminished in diabetic rats; however, the underlying mechanism(s) of this phenomenon has not been fully elucidated. To determine the role of the polyol pathway in the diabetes-induced retinal vascular dysfunction, we investigated the effect of GP-1447, an inhibitor of aldose reductase, on the attenuation of ACh-induced vasodilation of retinal arterioles seen in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were treated with streptozotocin (STZ) and experiments were performed 2 weeks later. The STZ-treated animals were given drinking water containing 5% D-glucose to shorten the term for the development of retinal vascular dysfunction. Treatment with GP-1447 was initiated immediately after STZ treatment and continued throughout the 2-week experimental period. The attenuation of retinal vascular responses to ACh were not modified by treatment with GP-1447, whereas the aldose reductase inhibitor completely prevented diabetes-induced thinning of the retina and sorbitol accumulation in the retina and the lens. These results suggest that mechanisms that are independent of the polyol pathway may contribute to the onset of retinal endothelial dysfunction, although the pathway plays an important role in morphological changes of retina and formation of cataracts in diabetic rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Kitasato University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Asami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Orie
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saigo
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001160:Arterioles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D007064:L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C106125:GP 1447; D010648:Phenylacetates; D013844:Thiazoles; D007064:L-Iditol 2-Dehydrogenase; D000109:Acetylcholine