Hypercalcemia and soft tissue calcification owing to sarcoidosis: the sunlight-cola connection.
Hypercalcemia occurs in sarcoidosis because of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D production by pulmonary alveolar macrophages. Long-standing hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria may cause such complications as nephrocalcinosis, nephrolithiasis, and soft tissue calcification, which can be at least partially reversible with treatment. Here we present a 43-year-old African-American man with diffuse soft tissue calcifications and acute kidney injury owing to sarcoidosis-induced hypercalcemia, probably exacerbated by sun exposure and phosphorus intake in the form of dietary cola drinks. Soft tissue calcifications resolved and kidney function improved significantly with hydration and glucocorticoid therapy. We discuss the pathophysiology of the hypercalcemia of sarcoidosis and current treatment options.
Demetriou
Emily T W
ET
Department of Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Pietras
Sara M
SM
Holick
Michael F
MF
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D010710:Phosphates / Q000009:adverse effects; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*
D010710:Phosphates