Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: a concise update.
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is of uncertain etiology but may be associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia is seen mainly in older women, beginning as a simple slow-growing, persistent leukoplakia that tends to spread and become multifocal and affect the gingival frequently. In time, PVL develops exophytic, wart-like or erythroplakic areas that become squamous carcinomas. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia appears to resist to all attempts at therapy and often recurs.
Bagan
J
J
Valencia University and Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain. bagan@uv.es
Scully
C
C
Jimenez
Y
Y
Martorell
M
M
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D027383:Papillomaviridae; D012008:Recurrence; D017678:Sex Distribution