Small and stable sulfobetaine zwitterionic quantum dots for functional live-cell imaging.
We have developed a novel surface coating for semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) based on a heterobifunctional ligand that overcomes most of the previous limits of these fluorescent probes in bioimaging applications. Here we show that QDs capped with bidentate zwitterionic dihydrolipoic acid-sulfobetaine (DHLA-SB) ligands are a favorable alternative to polyethylene glycol-coated nanoparticles since they combine small sizes, low nonspecific adsorption, preserved optical properties, and excellent stability over time and a wide range of pH and salinity. Additionally, these QDs can easily be functionalized with biomolecules such as streptavidin (SA) and biotin. We applied streptavidin-functionalized DHLA-SB QDs to track the intracellular recycling of cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) in live cells. These QDs selectively recognized the pool of receptors at the cell surface via SA-biotin interactions with negligible nonspecific adsorption. The QDs retained their optical properties, allowing the internalization of CB1R into endosomes to be followed. Moreover, the cellular activity was apparently unaffected by the probe.
Muro
Eleonora
E
Laboratoire Physique et Etude des Matériaux, CNRS UPR5, Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielle, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France.
Pons
Thomas
T
Lequeux
Nicolas
N
Fragola
Alexandra
A
Sanson
Nicolas
N
Lenkei
Zsolt
Z
Dubertret
Benoit
B
D001622:Betaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D045663:Quantum Dots; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry
C543264:Cnr1 protein, rat; D008024:Ligands; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D001622:Betaine; D008063:Thioctic Acid; C015144:dihydrolipoic acid; C483727:sulfobetaine