Hepatoprotective effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine against alcohol- and cytochrome P450 2E1-induced liver injury.
S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) acts as a methyl donor for methylation reactions and participates in the synthesis of glutathione. SAM is also a key metabolite that regulates hepatocyte growth, differentiation and death. Hepatic SAM levels are decreased in animal models of alcohol liver injury and in patients with alcohol liver disease or viral cirrhosis. This review describes the protection by SAM against alcohol and cytochrome P450 2E1-dependent cytotoxicity both in vitro and in vivo and evaluates mechanisms for this protection.
Cederbaum
Arthur I
AI
Department of Pharmacology and Systems Therapeutics, Box 1603, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029, USA. arthur.cederbaum@mssm.edu
D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology; D003515:Cycloleucine / Q000378:metabolism; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008716:Methionine Adenosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D007527:Isoenzymes; D003515:Cycloleucine; D000431:Ethanol; D012436:S-Adenosylmethionine; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D008716:Methionine Adenosyltransferase