Fabrication and morphological characterization of biopolymer particles formed by electrostatic complexation of heat treated lactoferrin and anionic polysaccharides.
Biopolymer particles fabricated from proteins and/or polysaccharides can be used to encapsulate functional components or to modify various functional properties of materials. In this study, sub-micrometer biopolymer particles were fabricated by electrostatic complexation of heat-denatured protein (lactoferrin, LF) particles with anionic polysaccharides (alginate, carrageenan, or pectin). The aim of the study was to exploit macromolecular electrostatic interactions to form sub-micrometer sized particles and study their stability and morphological characteristics. Initially, protein particles were formed by heat treatment (91 degrees C, 20 min) of a lactoferrin solution (0.2% LF, pH 7), which led to a suspension of protein particles with mean diameter of 200-400 nm and isoelectric point of pI approximately 8.5. Biopolymer particles were then formed by mixing the protein particles with anionic polysaccharides at pH 8 and then lowering the pH to promote electrostatic deposition of polysaccharides onto the protein particle surfaces. The influence of pH (2-11) and ionic strength (0-200 mM NaCl) on the properties and stability of the complexes was studied using turbidity, dynamic light scattering, and electrophoresis measurements. Relatively stable particles could be formed from pH 5 to 8, but appreciable aggregation occurred at lower pH which was attributed to charge neutralization and bridging effects. LF-pectin complexes were relatively stable to salt addition, but LF-carrageenan and LF-alginate complexes exhibited aggregation at higher salt concentrations. These results have important implications for the application of lactoferrin-polysaccharide complexes as functional components in commercial products, such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and foods.
Peinado
Irene
I
Department of Food Technology, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, c/ Camino de Vera s/n 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Lesmes
Uri
U
Andrés
Ana
A
McClements
Julian D
JD
D001704:Biopolymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D055672:Static Electricity
D001704:Biopolymers; D011134:Polysaccharides; D007781:Lactoferrin