Involvement of oxidative stress in the relapse of acute myeloid leukemia.
The aims of the present study were to determine the level of oxidative stress and the salient factors leading to the relapse of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Oxidative stress-related parameters and the expressions of specific genes were monitored in 102 cases of AML during a pretreatment period from a primary status to a relapse status. In addition, age-matched healthy subjects were classified as controls. The activities of adenosine deaminase and xanthine oxidase were higher in the relapse condition, whereas those of glutathione peroxidase, monoamine oxidase, and superoxide dismutase, and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were lower in the primary condition and in controls. Of particular note, levels of advanced oxidation protein products, malondialdehyde, and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine were also significantly higher in relapse patients. Furthermore, real-time PCR with SYBR Green revealed that the expression levels of human thioredoxin (TRX) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase were increased in relapse patients. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that the T-AOC was positively correlated with GSH but negatively correlated with 8-OHdG, TRX, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Linear regression showed that a low T-AOC and up-regulated TRX expression were the independent factors correlated with relapse. A strong association between oxidative stress and the incidence of disease relapse was observed, which has potential prognosis implications. These results indicate that oxidative stress is a crucial feature of AML and probably affects the development and relapse of AML.
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004. Electronic address: zhoufuling@163.com.
Fu-Ling
FL
Zhou
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Wang-Gang
WG
Zhang
Department of Clinical Oncology, the Affiliated No. 1 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Jian-kang Road, No. 1, Xi'an 710061.
Yong-Chang
YC
Wei
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Shan
S
Meng
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Gai-Gai
GG
Bai
Shanghai Institute of Hematology, Rui-jin Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Bai-Yan
BY
Wang
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Hui-Yun
HY
Yang
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Wei
W
Tian
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Xin
X
Meng
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
Hui
H
Zhang
Department of Clinical Hematology, the Affiliated No. 2 Hospital, Xi'an JiaoTong University, West Five Road, No. 157, Xi'an 710004.
She-Ping
SP
Chen
D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012008:Recurrence; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
D017931:DNA Primers; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase