Risk factors for placenta praevia in Jos, north central Nigeria.
BACKGROUND
Ptacento pro via, a major cause of obstetric haoemorrhage, is potentially life-threatening to the mother and frequently results in high perinatal morbidity and mortality. Several epidemiological and clinical studies report disparate data on the risk factors associated with this condition. Although several studies on risk factors for placoenta praevia have been published, data obtained from the sub-Saharan Africa remains scanty. Our objective is to describe the spectrum of risk factors for placenta praevia in Jos, north central Nigeria.


METHODS
This was a retrospective cohort study of 96 women delivered form January, 1999 to December, 2002 at Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Data on total number of deliveries, maternal age, parity, and past obstetrics history and abortion were carefully extracted from medical records and analyzed using the Epi Info 3.4.1 (CDC, Atlanta, Georgia).


RESULTS
The prevalence of placenta praevia was 0.89%. Previous uterine evacuation was documented in 35.4% of cases, while previous caesarean section scar occurred in 5.2% of cases. About half (44.8%) of the cases had no known risk factor.


CONCLUSIONS
Uterine scaring following abortion management is an important risk factor for placenta praevia. However, majority of patients with placenta praevia in this work have no identifiable risk factor.
University of Jos, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. drnyango@yahoo.com
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Nyango
J T
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Mutihir
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JH
Kigbu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008423:Maternal Age; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D010923:Placenta Previa / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult