Histone deacetylase inhibitors: keeping momentum for neuromuscular and cardiovascular diseases treatment.
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes with a pleiotropic range of intracellular localizations and actions. They are principally involved in the withdrawal of acetyl-groups from a large number of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins including nuclear core histones as well as cytoskeletal proteins and metabolically relevant enzymes. Initial findings indicated that HDAC inhibitors (DIs) could be successfully applied in a variety of cancer treatment protocols as a consequence of their anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic properties. Recent observations, however, enlightened the important therapeutic effects of DIs in experimental animal models for arthritis, neurodegenerative and neuromuscular disorders, heart ischemia, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure and arrhythmias. A small number of clinical trials are now open or planned for the near future to verify the therapeutic properties of DIs in non-cancer-related diseases. This review summarizes some of the most important observations and concepts aroused by the most recent experimental application of DIs to neuromuscular and cardiac diseases.
Colussi
Claudia
C
Laboratorio di Biologia Vascolare e Medicina Rigenerativa, Istituto Cardiologico Monzino, Milan, Italy.
Illi
Barbara
B
Rosati
Jessica
J
Spallotta
Francesco
F
Farsetti
Antonella
A
Grasselli
Annalisa
A
Mai
Antonello
A
Capogrossi
Maurizio C
MC
Gaetano
Carlo
C
D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology
D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases