Correlation between salivary secretion and salivary AQP5 levels in health and disease.
Saliva samples are useful for noninvasive diagnosis of oral and systemic diseases. The water channel protein aquaporin-5 (AQP5) is released into human saliva. Salivary AQP5 levels show a diurnal variation with the secretion of high levels during the waking hours. An age-related decrease in salivary AQP5 levels parallels a decrease in the volume of saliva. Cevimeline, a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) agonist, induces the release of AQP5. Changes in salivary AQP5 levels after cevimeline administration occur simultaneously with changes in saliva flow rate. AQP5 and lipid rafts are released separately from human salivary glands upon M(3) mAChR stimulation. In patients with diabetes mellitus or Sjögren's syndrome, a decrease in salivary secretion occurs concomitantly with low salivary AQP5 levels. Salivary AQP5 levels correlate with salivary secretion in both healthy and disease states, suggesting that changes in salivary AQP5 levels can be used as an indicator of salivary flow rate and the effect of M(3) mAChR agonists on human salivary glands.
Wang
Di
D
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
Iwata
Fusako
F
Muraguchi
Masahiro
M
Ooga
Keiko
K
Ohmoto
Yasukazu
Y
Takai
Masaaki
M
Mori
Toyoki
T
Ishikawa
Yasuko
Y
D051402:Aquaporin 5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000502:physiology; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D012472:Salivation / Q000502:physiology; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology
C496036:AQP5 protein, human; D051402:Aquaporin 5; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D011812:Quinuclidines; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D013876:Thiophenes; C059240:cevimeline