Dibucaine toxicosis in a dog.
BACKGROUND
Dibucaine is a potent, long-lasting local anesthetic (LA). Topical dibucaine ointments are marketed directly to consumers in the USA without prescription. Dibucaine ointment is intended to treat discomfort associated with sunburn, eczema, minor rashes, minor scratches, insect bites, and poison ivy and is used alone or in combination with other active ingredients to treat pain associated with hemorrhoids or other anorectal disorders. Oral dibucaine toxicosis has been reported in children and includes gastrointestinal upset and neurologic and cardiovascular dysfunction.


METHODS
An 18-month-old, female, Parson Russell terrier ingested approximately 23 g of 1% dibucaine ointment (approximately 38 mg/kg dibucaine) recommended to the owner for the treatment of hemorrhoids. Onset and resolution of clinical signs were relatively rapid, 5 min and 60 min, respectively. Clinical signs included vomiting, ptyalism, whole-body muscle fasciculations, disorientation, and severe ataxia.


CONCLUSIONS
Oral dibucaine toxicosis in dogs is similar to oral dibucaine toxicosis in children. Dibucaine ointment poses a real and potentially serious toxicological risk to pets and thus should be stored in a safe location.
Hanzlicek
Andrew S
AS
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, 1800 Denison Ave, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. ahanzlic@vet.k-state.edu
Van der Merwe
Deon
D
D000059:Accidents; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001259:Ataxia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003221:Confusion / Q000139:chemically induced; D003992:Dibucaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D011041:Poisoning / Q000662:veterinary; D012798:Sialorrhea / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D013035:Spasm / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary
D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000931:Antidotes; D002606:Charcoal; D003992:Dibucaine