Ethanol extract of Ocimum sanctum exerts anti-metastatic activity through inactivation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and enhancement of anti-oxidant enzymes.
Ocimum sanctum has been known to possess various beneficial properties including anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer activities. In the present study, we investigated that ethanol extracts of O. sanctum (EEOS) had anti-metastatic activity through activation of anti-oxidative enzymes. EEOS exerted cytotoxicity against Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) cells. Also, EEOS significantly inhibited cell adhesion and invasion as well as activities of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), but not MMP-2, indicating the important role of MMP-9 in anti-metastatic regulation of EEOS. In addition, EEOS significantly reduced the tumor nodule formation and lung weight in LLC-injected mice. Inhibitory effect of EEOS on metastasis was further confirmed by using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Notably, we also found that EEOS enhanced activities of anti-oxidative enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, our findings support that EEOS can be a potent anti-metastatic candidate through inactivation of MMP-9 and enhancement of anti-oxidant enzymes.
Kim
Sun-Chae
SC
Cancer Preventive Material Development Research Center, College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea. sungkim7@khu.ac.kr
Magesh
Venkataraman
V
Jeong
Soo-Jin
SJ
Lee
Hyo-Jung
HJ
Ahn
Kyoo-Seok
KS
Lee
Hyo-Jeong
HJ
Lee
Eun-Ok
EO
Kim
Sun-Hyung
SH
Lee
Min-Ho
MH
Kim
Jung Hyo
JH
Kim
Sung-Hoon
SH
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000473:pathology; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D031339:Ocimum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase