Cyclooxygenase-derived mediators regulate the immunological control of Strongyloides venezuelensis infection.
The aim of this study was to define the immunoregulatory role of prostaglandins in a mouse model of Strongyloides venezuelensis infection. Strongyloides venezuelensis induced an increase of eosinophils and mononuclear cells in the blood, peritoneal cavity fluid, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Treatment with the dual cyclooxygenase (COX-1/-2) inhibitors indomethacin and ibuprofen, and the COX-2-selective inhibitor celecoxib partially blocked these cellular responses and was associated with enhanced numbers of infective larvae in the lung and adult worms in the duodenum. However, the drugs did not interfere with worm fertility. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors also inhibited the production of the T-helper type 2 (Th2) mediators IL-5, IgG1, and IgE, while indomethacin alone also inhibited IL-4, IL-10, and IgG2a. Cyclooxygenase inhibitors tended to enhance the Th1 mediators IL-12 and IFN-gamma. This shift away from Th2 immunity in cyclooxygenase inhibitor-treated mice correlated with reduced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production in infected duodenal tissue. As PGE(2) is a well-characterized driver of Th2 immunity, we speculate that reduced production of this lipid might be involved in the shift toward a Th1 phenotype, favoring parasitism by S. venezuelensis. These findings provide new evidence that cyclooxygenase-derived lipids play a role in regulating host defenses against Strongyloides, and support the exploration of eicosanoid signaling for identifying novel preventive and therapeutic modalities against these infections.
Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil. ermachad@hotmail.com
Eleuza R
ER
Machado
Daniela
D
Carlos
Elaine V
EV
Lourenço
Glória E P
GE
Souza
Carlos A
CA
Sorgi
Erika V
EV
Silva
Marlene T
MT
Ueta
Simone G
SG
Ramos
David M
DM
Aronoff
Lúcia H
LH
Faccioli
D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D001769:Blood / Q000276:immunology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000469:parasitology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000276:immunology; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013321:Strongyloides / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000068579:Celecoxib; D015232:Dinoprostone; D007052:Ibuprofen; D007213:Indomethacin