Neuroglobin, cytoglobin, and transcriptional profiling of hypoxia-related genes in the rat cerebellum after prenatal chronic very mild carbon monoxide exposure (25 ppm).
The expression of neuroglobin (Ngb) and cytoglobin (Cygb), two recently discovered globins with a potential neuroprotective activity against hypoxia and oxidative stress, was investigated in the cerebellum of young rats (postnatal day 20) after being exposed to chronic mild carbon monoxide (CO) at 25 ppm during prenatal (group A), prenatal and postnatal (group B), the postnatal period only (group C), and air (group D). The expression of genes associated with hypoxia signaling pathways was also investigated in the rat cerebella by real-time RT-PCR after CO exposure. Ngb and Cygb mRNAs did not change in any CO-exposed group. Quantitative immunohistochemistry showed no significant change in Ngb protein; however, there was a significant increase of Cygb protein in rats from groups A, B, and C when compared with group D. In group B, genes related to the generation of reactive oxygen species (Nos2) and lipid metabolism (Apat2) were upregulated. In contrast, no changes were found in the expression of 8 genes typically upregulated by hypoxic conditions (Angptl4, Arnt2, Casp1, Crebbp, Hif1a, Hif3a, Mt3, or Vegfa) in any CO-exposed group, suggesting that hypoxia-related gene expression is not altered by this mild CO exposure. Cygb but not Ngb may protect cerebellar cells from the chronic presence of CO exposure during prenatal and postnatal development.
Beltran-Parrazal
Luis
L
Department of Surgery, Division of Head & Neck, UCLA, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Acuna
Dora
D
Ngan
Amy M
AM
Kim
Esther
E
Ngan
Aileen
A
Kawakami
Kyle
K
Edmond
John
J
Lopez
Ivan A
IA
D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078842:Cytoglobin; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
C000627268:Cygb protein, rat; D000078842:Cytoglobin; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000078787:Neuroglobin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D005914:Globins