Reproducibility of joint swelling assessment by sonography in patients with long-lasting rheumatoid arthritis (SEA-Repro study part II).
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of B-mode and power Doppler (PD) sonography in patients with active long-standing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) comparatively with clinical data.


METHODS
In each of 7 patients being considered for a change in their RA treatment regimen, 7 healthcare professionals examined the 28 joints used in the Disease Activity Score 28-joint count (DAS28). Then 7 sonographers examined each of the 7 patients twice, using previously published B-mode and PD grading systems. The clinical reference standard was presence of synovitis according to at least 4/7 examiners. The sonographic reference standard was at least grade 1 (ALG1) or 2 (ALG2) synovitis according to at least 4/7 sonographers. Interobserver reproducibility of sonography was assessed versus the sonographer having the best intraobserver reproducibility. Agreement was measured by Cohen's kappa statistic.


RESULTS
Intraobserver and interobserver reproducibility of B-mode and PD used separately was fair to good. Agreement between clinicians and sonographers at all sites using B-mode, PD, and both was 0.46, 0.37, and 0.36, respectively, for grade 1 synovitis; and 0.58, 0.19, and 0.19 for grade 2 synovitis. The number of joints with synovitis was smaller by physical examination (36.7%) than by B-mode with ALG1 (58.6%; p < 0.001). The number of joints with synovitis was higher by physical examination than by PD with both ALG1 (17.8%; p < 0.0001) and ALG2 (6.6%; p < 0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
PD findings explain most of the difference between clinical and sonographic joint assessments for synovitis in patients with long-standing RA.
Jousse-Joulin
Sandrine
S
Rheumatology Unit, CHU, and University Hospital La Cavale Blanche, Brest, France.
d'Agostino
Maria Antonietta
MA
Marhadour
Thierry
T
Albert
Jean David
JD
Bentin
Jacques
J
Chary Valckenaere
Isabelle
I
Etchepare
Fabien
F
Gaudin
Philippe
P
Hudry
Christophe
C
Chalès
Gérard
G
Grange
Laurent
L
Hacquard
Cécile
C
Loeuille
Damien
D
Sellam
Jérémie
J
Dougados
Maxime
M
Saraux
Alain
A
D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013585:Synovitis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler