Protective effect of C-phycocyanin against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage in vitro and in vivo.
This study focused on the hepatoprotective activity of C-phycocyanin (C-PC) against carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatocyte damage in vitro and in vivo. In in vitro study, human hepatocyte cell line L02 was used. C-PC showed its capability to reverse CCl(4)-induced L02 cells viability loss, alanine transaminase (ALT) leakage and morphological changes. C-PC also showed the following positive effects: prevent the CCl(4)-induced overproduction of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA); prevent changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity; and reduce glutathione (GSH) level. In vivo, C-PC showed its capability to decrease serum ALT and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels in CCl(4)-induced liver damage in mice. The histological observations supported the results obtained from serum enzymes assays. C-PC also showed the following effects in mice liver: prevent the CCl(4)-induced MDA formation and GSH depletion; prevent SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity; and prevent the elevation of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNAs. Both the in vitro and in vivo results suggested that C-PC was useful in protecting against CCl(4)-induced hepatocyte damage. One of the mechanisms is believed to be through C-PCs scavenging ability to protect the hepatocytes from free radicals damage induced by CCl(4). In addition, C-PC may be able to block inflammatory infiltration through its anti-inflammatory activities by inhibiting TGF-beta1 and HGF expression.
Ou
Yu
Y
China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. ouyu1967@163.com <ouyu1967@163.com>
Zheng
Shan
S
Lin
Lin
L
Jiang
Qizhou
Q
Yang
Xuegan
X
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010798:Phycocyanin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D020011:Protective Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D010798:Phycocyanin; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase