Factors associated with increased healthcare worker influenza vaccination rates: results from a national survey of university hospitals and medical centers.
OBJECTIVE
To ascertain which components of healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccination programs are associated with higher vaccination rates.


METHODS
Survey.


METHODS
University-affiliated hospitals.


METHODS
Participating hospitals were surveyed with regard to their institutional HCW influenza vaccination program for the 2007-2008 influenza season. Topics assessed included vaccination adherence and availability, use of declination statements, education methods, accountability, and data reporting. Factors associated with higher vaccination rates were ascertained.


RESULTS
Fifty hospitals representing 368,696 HCWs participated in the project. The median vaccination rate was 55.0% (range, 25.6%-80.6%); however, the types of HCWs targeted by vaccination programs varied. Programs with the following components had significantly higher vaccination rates: weekend provision of vaccine (58.8% in those with this feature vs 43.9% in those without; P = .01), train-the-trainer programs (59.5% vs 46.5%; P = .005), report of vaccination rates to administrators (57.2% vs 48.1%; P = .04) or to the board of trustees (63.9% vs 53.4%; P = .01), a letter sent to employees emphasizing the importance of vaccination (59.3% vs 47%; P = .01), and any form of visible leadership support (57.9% vs 36.9%; P = .01). Vaccination rates were not significantly different between facilities that did and those that did not require a signed declination form for HCWs who refused vaccination (56.9% vs 55.1%; P = .68), although the precise content of such statements varied.


CONCLUSIONS
Vaccination programs that emphasized accountability to the highest levels of the organization, provided weekend access to vaccination, and used train-the-trainer programs had higher vaccination coverage. Of concern, the types of HCWs targeted by vaccination programs differed, and uniform definitions will be essential in the event of public reporting of vaccination rates.
Talbot
Thomas R
TR
Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA. tom.talbot@vanderbilt.edu
Dellit
Timothy H
TH
Hebden
Joan
J
Sama
Danny
D
Cuny
Joanne
J
D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D019985:Benchmarking; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006282:Health Personnel; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
D007252:Influenza Vaccines