Serum ferritin concentration predicts mortality in patients awaiting liver transplantation.
Additional markers are required to identify patients on the orthotopic liver transplant (OLT) waiting list at increased risk of death and adverse clinical events. Serum ferritin concentration is a marker of varied pathophysiological events and is elevated with increased liver iron concentration, hepatic necroinflammation, and systemic illness, all of which may cause a deterioration in liver function and clinical status. The aim of this study was to determine whether serum ferritin concentration is an independent prognostic factor in subjects awaiting OLT. This is a dual-center retrospective study. The study cohort consisted of 191 consecutive adults with cirrhosis accepted by the Queensland (Australia) Liver Transplant Service between January 2000 and June 2006 and a validation cohort of 131 patients from University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Transplant Center. In the study cohort, baseline serum ferritin greater than 200 microg/L was an independent factor predicting increased 180-day and 1-year waiting list mortality. This effect was independent of model for end-stage liver disease (MELD), hepatocellular carcinoma, age, and sex. Subjects with higher serum ferritin had increased frequency of liver-related clinical events. The relationship between serum ferritin and waiting list mortality was confirmed in the UCLA cohort; all deceased patients had serum ferritin greater than 400 microg/L. Serum ferritin greater than 500 microg/L and MELD were independent risk factors for death.


CONCLUSIONS
Serum ferritin concentration is an independent predictor of mortality-related and liver-related clinical events. Baseline serum ferritin identifies a group of "higher-risk" patients awaiting OLT and should be investigated as an adjunct to MELD in organ allocation.
Walker
Nicole M
NM
Department of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Greenslopes, QLD 4029, Australia.
Stuart
Katherine A
KA
Ryan
Rebecca J
RJ
Desai
Shireena
S
Saab
Sammy
S
Nicol
Jennifer A
JA
Fletcher
Linda M
LM
Crawford
Darrell H G
DH
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014850:Waiting Lists
D005293:Ferritins