Women of child-bearing age have better inhospital cardiac arrest survival outcomes than do equal-aged men.
OBJECTIVE
Estrogen and progesterone improve neurologic outcomes in experimental models of cardiac arrest and stroke. Our objective was to determine whether women of child-bearing age are more likely than men to survive to hospital discharge after in-hospital cardiac arrest.


METHODS
Prospective, observational study.


METHODS
Five hundred nineteen hospitals in the National Registry of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation database.


METHODS
Patients included 95,852 men and women 15-44 yrs and 56 yrs or older with pulseless cardiac arrests from January 1, 2000 through July 31, 2008.


RESULTS
Patients were stratified a priori by gender and age groups (15-44 yrs and > or =56 yrs). Fixed-effects regression conditioning on hospital was used to examine the relationship between age, gender, and survival outcomes. The unadjusted survival to discharge rate for younger women of child-bearing age (15-44 yrs) was 19% (940/4887) vs. 17% (1203/7025) for younger men (p = .013). The adjusted hospital discharge difference between these younger women and men was 2.8% (95% confidence interval, 1.0% to 4.6%; p = .002), and these younger women also had a 2.6% (95% confidence interval, 0.9% to 4.3%; p = .002) absolute increase in favorable neurologic outcome. For older women compared with men (> or =56 yrs), there were no demonstrable differences in discharge rates (18% vs. 18%; adjusted difference, -0.1%; 95% confidence interval, -0.9% to 0.6%; p = .68) or favorable neurologic outcome (14% vs. 14%; adjusted difference, -0.1%; 95% confidence interval, -0.7% to 0.5%; p = .74).


CONCLUSIONS
Women of child-bearing age were more likely than comparably aged men to survive to hospital discharge after in-hospital cardiac arrest, even after controlling for etiology of arrest and other important variables.
Topjian
Alexis A
AA
Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. topjian@email.chop.edu
Localio
A Russell
AR
Berg
Robert A
RA
Alessandrini
Evaline A
EA
Meaney
Peter A
PA
Pepe
Paul E
PE
Larkin
G Luke
GL
Peberdy
Mary Ann
MA
Becker
Lance B
LB
Nadkarni
Vinay M
VM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D055815:Young Adult