Microbial colonization of medical devices and novel preventive strategies.
Upon implantation or insertion into patient's body for exerting the intended purpose like salvage of normal functions of vital organs, the medical devices are unfortunately becoming the sites of competition between host cell integration and microbial adhesion. Moreover, since there is an increased use of implanted medical devices, the incidence of biofilm-and medical devices-related nosocomial infections is also increasing progressively. To control microbial colonization and subsequent biofilm formation of the medical devices, different approaches either to enhance the efficiency of certain antimicrobial agents or to disrupt the basic physiology of the pathogenic microorganisms including novel small molecules and antipathogenic drugs are being explored. In addition, the various lipid-and polymer-based drug delivery carriers are also investigated for applying antibiofilm coating of the medical devices especially over catheters. The main intention of this review is therefore to summarize the major and/breakthrough inventions disclosed in patent literature as well as in research papers related to microbial colonization of medical devices and novel preventive strategies. This review starts with an overview of the preventive strategies followed by a short description about the potential of different lipidic-and polymeric-drug delivery carriers in eradicating the biofilm-associated infections from the medical devices.
Shunmugaperumal
Tamilvanan
T
International Medical University (IMU) SDN BHD, No. 126, Jalan 19/155B, Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. tamilvanan2k@yahoo.com
D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004864:Equipment and Supplies / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D010330:Patents as Topic; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000382:microbiology*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids; D011108:Polymers