Effect of promoting self-esteem by participatory learning process on emotional intelligence among early adolescents.
OBJECTIVE
To study the effect of promoting self-esteem by participatory learning program on emotional intelligence among early adolescents.


METHODS
The quasi-experimental study was conducted in grade 9 students from two schools in Bangbuathong district, Nonthaburi province. Each experimental and comparative group consisted of 34 students with the lowest score of emotional intelligence. The instruments were questionnaires, Program to Develop Emotional Intelligence and Handbook of Emotional Intelligence Development. The experimental group attended 8 participatory learning activities in 4 weeks to Develop Emotional Intelligence while the comparative group received the handbook for self study. Assessment the effectiveness of program was done by pre-test and post-test immediately and 4 weeks apart concerning the emotional intelligence. Implementation and evaluation was done during May 24-August 12, 2005. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Chi-square, independent sample t-test and paired sample t-test.


RESULTS
Before program implementation, both groups had no statistical difference in mean score of emotional intelligence. After intervention, the experimental group had higher mean score of emotional intelligence both immediately and 4 weeks later with statistical significant (p = 0.001 and < 0.001). At 4 weeks after experiment, the mean score in experimental group was higher than the mean score at immediate after experiment with statistical significance (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
The program to promote self-esteem by participatory learning process could enhance the emotional intelligence in early-adolescent. This program could be modified and implemented for early adolescent in the community.
Department of Family Health, Faculty of Public Health, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. phcms@staff2.mahidol.ac.th
Chokchai
C
Munsawaengsub
Somkid
S
Yimklib
Sutham
S
Nanthamongkolchai
Suporn
S
Apinanthavech
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D056348:Emotional Intelligence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D016730:Program Development; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011594:Psychometrics; D012649:Self Concept; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires