title: PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism is associated with brain vessel reocclusion after successful fibrinolytic therapy in ischemic stroke patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite t-PA proven benefits related to vessel reopening, up to 13% of stroke patients suffer reocclusions after t-PA. We aimed to analyze whether a functional polymorphism in a fibrinolysis inhibitor gene [plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)] might be associated with reocclusion rates after stroke thrombolytic therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  165 patients with ischemic stroke who received t-PA < 3 h were studied. Reocclusion and recanalization was diagnosed by transcranial Doppler. PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism determination was performed by sequencing. PAI-1 mRNA was studied by real-time PCR analysis. National institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS) was serially measured since patients arrival to assess the neurological outcome, and modified ranking scale (mRS) at 3rd month was used to evaluate functional outcome following stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PAI-1 4G/4G patients had higher reocclusion rates (4G/4G = 12.5% versus other genotypes = 2.7%, p = 0.025). . In a logistic regression, the 4G/4G genotype was the only factor associated with reocclusion (OR = 15.16 95%, CI = 1.4-163.4, p = 0.025). 4G/4G genotype was also associated with poor functional outcome at 3rd month (4G/4G = 4 versus others genotypes = 3, p = 0.017) and with mRNA levels at 12 h post stroke symptoms onset (4G/4G patients = 2.01% versus other genotypes = 0.68%, p = 0.034).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PAI-1 4G/4G genotype is associated with reocclusion rates and poor functional outcome among stroke patients treated with t-PA.
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Neurovascular Unit. Department of Neurology of Vall d'Hebron University Hospital. Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Cadenas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Rio-Espinola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rubiera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mendioroz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Domingues-Montanari
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuadrado
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez-Guillamon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ribo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Sabin
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montaner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human