title: Guideline-recommended secondary prevention drug therapy after acute myocardial infarction: predictors and outcomes of nonadherence.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Guideline-recommended pharmacotherapy after myocardial infarction (MI) has been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Our objectives were to determine factors of, and to measure outcomes associated with nonadherence after MI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicentre, prospective, observational study (Acute Coronary Syndromes Registry).
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed data of 11,823 consecutive hospital survivors of acute MI and evaluated their discharge medication with the five following drugs: acetyl salicylic acid, clopidogrel, β-blocker, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/sartan and statin. Patients receiving less than four drugs (group 1, n=3439, 29.1%) were compared with those receiving 4-5 drugs (group 2, n=8384, 70.9%). The impact of clinical, demographic and treatment factors on not prescribing each of these five drugs at discharge was investigated by using multiple logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients of group 1 were older, had more comorbidities, more frequently suffered a nonST elevation MI and less often received reperfusion therapy. In the multivariate analysis, group 1 was associated with an increased risk for death at 1-year follow-up [odds ratio (OR): 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4-1.9]. After adjustment for confounding variables chronic oral anticoagulation was the strongest predictor for not receiving acetyl salicylic acid (OR: 19.6, 95% CI: 15.9-24.0) at discharge, no percutaneous coronary intervention within 48 h for not receiving statin (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.9-2.4) and clopidogrel (OR: 10.4, 95% CI: 9.4-11.5), chronic obstructive lung disease for not receiving β-blocker (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 3.6-4.9) and chronic renal insufficiency for not receiving angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/sartan (OR: 2.8, 95% CI: 2.2-3.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In clinical practice guideline-adherent secondary prevention drug therapy is linked with an improved 1-year survival. Comorbidities and no interventional treatment were strong negative predictors for guideline-adherent discharge medication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Herzzentrum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany. bauer-timm@gmx.de
authors.forename: Timm
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Anselm K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gitt
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jünger
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zahn
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Koeth
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Towae
authors.forename: Arne K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bestehorn
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Senges
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zeymer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010351:Patient Discharge; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents