title: Urodynamic findings in female patients reporting with lower urinary tract symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study has been undertaken to determine the reproducibility of lower urinary tract symptoms in female patients after urodynamic investigations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Descriptive study with retrospective analysis of data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi and Armed Forces Institute of Urology, Rawalpindi.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty consecutive women with a primary history of urinary incontinence were interviewed on a standard urinary incontinence questionnaire. They underwent structured clinical pelvic examination, along with cough stress test. Post void residual urine was measured. This was followed by a urine routine examination to exclude any urinary infection. Later these patients underwent a combination of urodynamic tests to predict their final diagnosis. The tests performed were filling cystometry and leak point pressures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical diagnosis was found to have a variable reproducibility on urodynamic investigations. Clinical stress incontinence translated as genuine stress incontinence in 61.5% of the cases. Patients with isolated symptoms of stress incontinence had an incidence of detrusor instability up to 33.3%. For the symptoms of urgency and urge incontinence, the diagnosis was reproducible in up to 50% of the cases. In cases of mixed symptoms, 20% patients were found to have stress incontinence and 33.3% cases were found to have an unstable bladder, whereas in 46.6% of the cases no objective abnormality was found on urodynamic investigations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urodynamic investigations should be performed in female patients with lower urinary tract symptoms, especially if irreversible procedure, e.g., surgery is being contemplated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, CMH, Kharian, Pakistan. nazlihameed@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nazli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hameed
authors.forename: M Asghar
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Waqar
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Azim
mesh_terms: D053715:Cystotomy; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053202:Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics