Optimal sedation for gastrointestinal endoscopy: review and recommendations.
Sedation practices for endoscopy vary widely. The present review focuses on the commonly used regimens in endoscopic sedation and the associated risks and benefits together with the appropriate safety measures and monitoring practices. In addition, alternatives and additions to intravenous sedation are discussed. Personnel requirements for endoscopic sedation are reviewed; there is evidence presented to indicate that non-anesthetists can administer sedative drugs, including propofol, safely and efficaciously in selected cases. The development of endoscopic sedation as a multi-disciplinary field is highlighted with the formation of the Australian Tripartite Endoscopy Sedation Committee. This comprises representatives of the Australian and New Zealand College of Anaesthetists, the Gastroenterological Society of Australia and the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons. Possible future directions in this area are also briefly summarized.
Thomson
Andrew
A
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, The Canberra Hospital and the Australian National University, Australia. andrew.thomson@act.gov.au
Andrew
Gabrielle
G
Jones
D Brian
DB
D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001315:Australia; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D009520:New Zealand; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015742:Propofol