title: Stereotype threat and health disparities: what medical educators and future physicians need to know.
abstract: Patients' experience of stereotype threat in clinical settings and encounters may be one contributor to health care disparities. Stereotype threat occurs when cues in the environment make negative stereotypes associated with an individual's group status salient, triggering physiological and psychological processes that have detrimental consequences for behavior. By recognizing and understanding the factors that can trigger stereotype threat and understanding its consequences in medical settings, providers can prevent it from occurring or ameliorate its consequences for patient behavior and outcomes. In this paper, we discuss the implications of stereotype threat for medical education and trainee performance and offer practical suggestions for how future providers might reduce stereotype threat in their exam rooms and clinics.
authors.affiliation: Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research (a VA HSR&D Center of Excellence), Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA. Diana.Burgess@va.gov
authors.forename: Diana J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phelan
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dovidio
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Ryn
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel / Q000208:ethnology*; D005180:Faculty, Medical; D005544:Forecasting; D054625:Healthcare Disparities / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D008913:Minority Groups; D010820:Physicians / Q000639:trends*; D013240:Stereotyping