Effect of smoking on the failure rates of orthodontic miniscrews.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cigarette smoking on the failure rates of orthodontic miniscrews.


METHODS
Our cohort consisted of 88 patients with a total of 110 orthodontic miniscrews. Based on their smoking habits, the patients were divided into three groups: the light smokers (< or = 10 cigarettes/day), heavy smokers (> 10 cigarettes/ day), and non-smokers. The light-smoker group consisted of 14 patients with 18 orthodontic miniscrews, and there were 15 patients with 19 miniscrews among the heavy smokers. The nonsmoker group contained 59 patients with a total of 73 miniscrews.


RESULTS
The overall failure rate was 18.2% (n = 20). Heavy smokers revealed a significantly higher failure rate than light smokers (p = 0.005) or non-smokers (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed between non-smokers and light smokers. Miniscrews in the heavy smoker group exhibited a significantly higher failure rate during the first 4 months after insertion than did the miniscrews in the light smokers (p = 0.008) or non-smokers (p < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that heavy smoking has a detrimental effect on the success rates of orthodontic miniscrews.
Bayat
Emad
E
Private Practice Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Bauss
Oskar
O
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015984:Causality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult