title: New evidence of the involvement of Lichtheimia corymbifera in farmer's lung disease.
abstract: Farmer's lung disease (FLD) is a form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis resulting from recurrent exposure to moldy plant materials. We investigated and compared the initial response of respiratory epithelium after exposure to extracts of Sacharopolyspora rectivirgula, Lichtheimia corymbifera (formerly Absidia corymbifera), Eurotium amstelodami and Wallemia sebi. The two criteria for selection of these species were their high prevalence in the hay handled by FLD patients and the presence of high levels of specific precipitins to these molds in FLD patients&#x2019; sera. Hydrosoluble extracts were prepared from spores and hyphae grown in culture under optimal conditions for each of the four species. Confluent A549 cells were inoculated with one of the four calibrated soluble extracts. Two mediators, one inflammatory (Interleukin (IL)-8) and one allergic (IL-13), were quantified using real-time PCR and ELISA assay, after four exposure periods (30 min, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h). S. rectivirgula and L. corymbifera extracts were the only ones which induced a marked upregulation of IL-8, as shown by both real-time PCR and ELISA assay 8 h after the initial contact. This study adds to the growing body of evidence that L. corymbifera should be recognized as an etiologic agent of FLD along with S. rectivirgula.
authors.affiliation: CNRS-University of Franche Comté/UMR 6249 Chrono-environnement, Parasitology-Mycology Department, University Hospital Jean Minjoz, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Pauline
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bellanger
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reboux
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Botterel
authors.forename: Charline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Candido
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roussel
authors.forename: Benedicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rognon
authors.forename: Jean-Charles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dalphin
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bretagne
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Millon
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005203:Farmer's Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D009090:Mucorales / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018793:Interleukin-13; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger