title: The effects of healthy aging on auditory processing in humans as indexed by transient brain responses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of aging on human cortical auditory processing of rising-intensity sinusoids and speech sounds. We also aimed to evaluate the suitability of a recently discovered transient brain response for applied research.
  
  
  METHODS
  In young and aged adults, magnetic fields produced by cortical activity elicited by a 570-Hz pure-tone and a speech sound (Finnish vowel /a/) were measured using MEG. The stimuli rose smoothly in intensity from an inaudible to an audible level over 750 ms. We used both the active (attended) and the passive recording condition. In the attended condition, behavioral reaction times were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The latency of the transient brain response was prolonged in the aged compared to the young and the accuracy of behavioral responses to sinusoids was diminished among the aged. In response amplitudes, no differences were found between the young and the aged. In both groups, spectral complexity of the stimuli enhanced response amplitudes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aging seems to affect the temporal dynamics of cortical auditory processing. The transient brain response is sensitive both to spectral complexity and aging-related changes in the timing of cortical activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transient brain responses elicited by rising-intensity sounds could be useful in revealing differences in auditory cortical processing in applied research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering and Computational Science, Aalto University, School of Science and Technology, Finland.
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Matilainen
authors.forename: Sanna S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Talvitie
authors.forename: Eero
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pekkonen
authors.forename: Paavo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alku
authors.forename: Patrick J C
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tiitinen
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology