title: Bacterial community associated with healthy and diseased reef coral Mussismilia hispida from eastern Brazil.
abstract: In order to characterize the bacterial community diversity associated to mucus of the coral Mussismilia hispida, four 16S rDNA libraries were constructed and 400 clones from each library were analyzed from two healthy colonies, one diseased colony and the surrounding water. Nine bacterial phyla were identified in healthy M. hispida, with a dominance of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Lentisphaerae, and Nitrospira. The most commonly found species were related to the genera Azospirillum, Hirschia, Fabibacter, Blastochloris, Stella, Vibrio, Flavobacterium, Ochrobactrum, Terasakiella, Alkalibacter, Staphylococcus, Azospirillum, Propionibacterium, Arcobacter, and Paenibacillus. In contrast, diseased M. hispida had a predominance of one single species of Bacteroidetes, corresponding to more than 70% of the sequences. Rarefaction curves using evolutionary distance of 1% showed a greater decrease in bacterial diversity in the diseased M. hispida, with a reduction of almost 85% in OTUs in comparison to healthy colonies. integral-Libshuff analyses show that significant p values obtained were <0.0001, demonstrating that the four libraries are significantly different. Furthermore, the sympatric corals M. hispida and Mussismilia braziliensis appear to have different bacterial community compositions according to Principal Component Analysis and Lineage-specific Analysis. Moreover, lineages that contribute to those differences were identified as alpha-Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes. The results obtained in this study suggest host-microbe co-evolution in Mussismilia, and it was the first study on the diversity of the microbiota of the endemic and endangered of extinction Brazilian coral M. hispida from Abrolhos bank.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Enzimologia, Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade de Brasilia, Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasil.
authors.forename: Alinne Pereira
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: Samuel Dias
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Alessandra M M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Rodrigo L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: Ronaldo B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Francini-Filho
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Thiago Bruce
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Fabiano L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Ricardo H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Krüger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000382:microbiology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001938:Brazil; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D015723:Gene Library; D010802:Phylogeny; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S