title: Fast, single-molecule localization that achieves theoretically minimum uncertainty.
abstract: We describe an iterative algorithm that converges to the maximum likelihood estimate of the position and intensity of a single fluorophore. Our technique efficiently computes and achieves the Cramér-Rao lower bound, an essential tool for parameter estimation. An implementation of the algorithm on graphics processing unit hardware achieved more than 10(5) combined fits and Cramér-Rao lower bound calculations per second, enabling real-time data analysis for super-resolution imaging and other applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Imaging Science and Technology, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Carlas S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Nikolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rieger
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lidke
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D035501:Uncertainty