Influence of transmucosal designs of three one-piece implant systems on early tissue responses: a histometric study in beagle dogs.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to investigate the early tissue response around three one-piece implant systems with different transmucosal designs.


METHODS
Three one-piece dental implant systems with different profiles and surface roughnesses on the transmucosal portion were examined in the current study. The transmucosal portions were flared and machined (FM), concave and machined with microgrooves (CMG), or straight and anodic oxidized (SA). A total of 30 implants (10 of each type) were placed in computer-generated randomized order in the mandibular residual ridges of five beagle dogs. Six months later, all animals were sacrificed and histologic sections were prepared to measure epithelial tissue height, connective tissue contact, and the amount of bone resorption. One-way analysis of variance and the Bonferroni post hoc test were used for statistical evaluation (alpha = 95%).


RESULTS
After a 6-month nonfunctional loading period, all 30 implants were clinically immobile. Slight swelling and redness of the peri-implant soft tissue were noticed around most of the implant abutments. Histometric analysis showed that the FM implants had a longer epithelial tissue height than the CMG implants. The CMG implants showed the greatest amount of connective tissue attachment among the three groups and the least amount of marginal bone resorption. The CMG and SA implants showed bone growth above the initial reference point at 10 and 7 measurement sites, respectively, whereas no bone overgrowth was noted around the FM implants.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on this study conducted in five beagle dogs, a concave transmucosal profile with a microgrooved surface was associated with longer connective tissue attachments and less bone resorption versus implants that were flared with a machined surface or straight with an anodic oxidized surface in the early healing phase. Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants 2010;25:309-314.
Kim
Sunjai
S
Department of Prosthodontics, YongDong Severance Dental Hospital, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul Korea.
Oh
Kwang-Chul
KC
Han
Dong-Hoo
DH
Heo
Seong-Joo
SJ
Ryu
In-Chul
IC
Kwon
Joo-Hyun
JH
Han
Chong-Hyun
CH
D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000473:pathology; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D000818:Animals; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004285:Dogs; D004846:Epithelial Attachment / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000473:pathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008422:Materials Testing; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011897:Random Allocation; D013499:Surface Properties
D015921:Dental Implants