title: Temporary work and depressive symptoms: a propensity score analysis.
abstract: Recent decades have seen a tremendous increase in the complexity of work arrangements, through job sharing, flexible hours, career breaks, compressed work weeks, shift work, reduced job security, and part-time, contract and temporary work. In this study, we focus on one specific group of workers that arguably most embodies non-standard employment, namely temporary workers, and estimate the effect of this type of employment on depressive symptom severity. Accounting for the possibility of mental health selection into temporary work through propensity score analysis, we isolate the direct effects of temporary work on depressive symptoms with varying lags of time since exposure. We use prospective data from the U.S. National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1979 (NLSY79), which has followed, longitudinally, from 1979 to the present, a nationally representative cohort of American men and women between 14 and 22 years of age in 1979. Three propensity score models were estimated, to capture the effect of different time lags (immediately following exposure, and 2 and 4 years post exposure) between the period of exposure to the outcome. The only significant effects were found among those who had been exposed to temporary work in the two years preceding the outcome measurement. These workers report 1.803 additional depressive symptoms from having experienced this work status (than if they had not been exposed). Moreover, this difference is both statistically and substantively significant, as it represents a 50% increase from the average level of depressive symptoms in this population.
authors.affiliation: McGill University, International Research Infrastructure on Social inequalities in health (IRIS), 1020 Pine Av. West, Montreal QC, Canada H3A1A2; McGill University, Department of Sociology, 1020 Pine Av. West, Montreal QC, Canada H3A1A2; McGill University, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, 1020 Pine Av. West, Montreal QC, Canada H3A1A2. Electronic address: amelie.quesnelvallee@mcgill.ca.
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quesnel-Vallée
authors.affiliation: 20 Royal Bay, Brandon, Manitoba R7B 2W3, Canada.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DeHaney
authors.affiliation: McGill University, Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, 1020 Pine Av. West, Montreal QC, Canada H3A1A2.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciampi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D057216:Propensity Score; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology