title: Proliferation and pluripotency of human embryonic stem cells maintained on type I collagen.
abstract: Human embryonic stem cells (hESC) require a balance of growth factors and signaling molecules to proliferate and retain pluripotency. Conditioned medium (CM) from a human embryonic germ-cell-derived cell culture, SDEC, was observed to support the growth of hESC on type I collagen (COL I) and on Matrigel (MAT) biomatricies. After 1 month, the population doubling of hESC grown in SDEC CM on COL I was equivalent to that of hESC grown in mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) CM on MAT. hESC grown in SDEC CM on COL I expressed OCT4, NANOG, SSEA-4, alkaline phosphatase (AP), and TRA-1-60; retained a normal karyotype; and were capable of forming teratomas. DNA microarray analysis was used to compare the transcriptional profiles of SDEC and the less supportive WI38 and Detroit 551 human cell lines. The mRNA level of secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP-1), a known antagonist of the WNT/β-catenin signaling pathway, was significantly reduced in SDEC as compared with the other 2 cell lines, whereas the mRNA levels of prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2 or COX-2) and prostaglandin I₂ synthase (PGIS), two prostaglandin biosynthesis genes, were significantly increased in SDEC. The level of sFRP-1 protein was significantly reduced, and levels of 2 prostaglandins that are downstream products of PTGS2 and PGIS, prostaglandin E₂ and 6-keto-prostaglandin F(1α), were significantly elevated in SDEC CM compared with WI38, Detroit 551, and MEF CM. Further, addition of purified sFRP-1 to SDEC CM reduced the proliferation of hESC grown on COL I as well as MAT in a dose-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Meredith B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Chia H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pendleton
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Betenbaugh
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shiloach
authors.forename: Bolormaa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baljinnyam
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Shamblott
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003094:Collagen; D024042:Collagen Type I; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004338:Drug Combinations; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051157:Frizzled Receptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000099274:Frizzled-Related Proteins
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003094:Collagen; D024042:Collagen Type I; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004338:Drug Combinations; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D006023:Glycoproteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011453:Prostaglandins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D000099274:Frizzled-Related Proteins; C489740:FZD1 protein, human; C059485:matrigel