title: Persistent high alcohol consumption in alcohol-preferring (P) rats results from a lack of normal aversion to alcohol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we tested the impact of pretreatment with alcohol on subsequent alcohol drinking in outbred Sprague-Dawley and selectively bred alcohol-preferring (P) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  As a pretreatment, male Sprague-Dawley and P rats were given a passive oral administration of either alcohol (1.0 g/kg) or tap water. Then, they were given free choice of drinking alcohol (5% v/v) or water in their home cages, which was measured over 4 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without alcohol pretreatment, there was no significant strain difference in alcohol preference; both strains preferred 5% (v/v) alcohol solution. The strain difference was only apparent in the groups given alcohol pretreatment. This arose from the fact that alcohol pretreatment significantly reduced alcohol preference in the Sprague-Dawley rats to a level well below 50%, while it did not alter drinking behavior in P rats. The same effects were seen with total alcohol consumption (g/kg/day). These effects persisted throughout the 4 weeks of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The principal difference between the Sprague-Dawley and P rats was that the P rats did not show the normal aversion to alcohol after forced exposure to alcohol that the Sprague-Dawley rats showed. One of the potential contributors to high alcohol intake and preference in P rats may be lack of sensitivity to aversive effects of alcohol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3412, Durham, NC 27710, USA. Azadi@duke.edu
authors.forename: Amir H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rezvani
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sexton
authors.forename: Edward D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012201:Reward; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D000431:Ethanol