title: Antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-1-infected patients with low-level viremia.
abstract: This study characterized the prevalence and patterns of antiretroviral-drug-resistance mutations according to plasma human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) RNA load in a large population of patients with HIV-1 infection who underwent testing for resistance mutations in routine clinical practice. HIV-1 genotypic resistance test results with linked clinical data were obtained from national resistance and clinical databases in the United Kingdom. Among 7861 tests, detection of > or =1 resistance mutation was most frequent at viral loads of 300-10,000 copies/mL and decreased statistically significantly at viral loads of >10,000 copies/mL. Major resistance mutations were commonly detected in the subset of tests that were performed among patients with viral loads of <1000 copies/mL (1001 [12.7%] of 7861 tests). We conclude that HIV-1 genotypic resistance testing is informative for patients with low viral loads.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College Healthcare National Health Service Trust, London, United Kingdom. nicola.mackie@imperial.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Nicola E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.forename: Andrew N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaye
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: Anna-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Geretti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D019562:Viral Load / Q000187:drug effects; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents