title: Effects of lifting tempo on one repetition maximum and hormonal responses to a bench press protocol.
abstract: This study was carried out in 2 parts: part 1 was designed to measure the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press with 2 different moderate-velocity tempos (2/0/2) vs. (2/0/4) in male lifters while part 2 compared the hormonal responses at the same tempos as described in part 1. In both parts 1 and 2, the 1RMs (lbs) were higher on the 2/0/2 tempo than on the 2/0/4 tempo. The change in plasma volume (PV) was greater after the 2/0/4 tempo (-5.7 ± 1.7% vs. 0.96 ± 1.2%, p < 0.05). All blood parameters were significantly (p < 0.05) higher post-exercise compared with baseline. With PV corrected, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) (ng·mL⁻¹) was higher with the 2/0/2 tempo only (pre-exercise: 277.4 ± 21.8, post-exercise: 308.1 ± 22.9; 2/0/4 tempo pre-exercise: 277.2 ± 17.6, post-exercise: 284.8 ± 21.2). In conclusion, heavier loads can be lifted and more total work can be performed using a (2/0/2) tempo compared with a slower (2/0/4) tempo, but with the exception of IGF-1, the hormonal responses are similar. Individuals may get the same metabolic responses to training by using different tempos, but they will need to use less weight at a slower tempo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science & Sport Studies, Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. sheadley@spfldcol.edu
authors.forename: Samuel A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Headley
authors.forename: Kelley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Bradley C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Nindl
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Margaret T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D055070:Resistance Training / Q000379:methods*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D013997:Time Factors; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013739:Testosterone; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D006854:Hydrocortisone