title: Oligosaccharides from agar inhibit pro-inflammatory mediator release by inducing heme oxygenase 1.
abstract: We investigated whether agaro-oligosaccharides have any immunological effects on RAW264.7 mouse macrophages and human monocytes in vitro. We demonstrate that agaro-oligosaccharides suppressed the elevated levels of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E(2), and such pro-inflammatory cytokines as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes and macrophages. We also demonstrate that those effects of agaro-oligosaccharides on activated monocytes and macrophages may have been caused by heme oxygenase-1 induction. It is therefore proposed that agaro-oligosaccharides might be a good candidate for a functional food to prevent inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Takara Bio Inc., Otsu, Shiga, Japan. enokit@takara-bio.co.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enoki
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Fuyuko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sagawa
authors.forename: Ikunoshin
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D055951:Functional Food; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000362:Agar; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1