title: Benign pathological findings in 303 Chinese patients undergoing surgery for presumed localized renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the incidence of benign lesions in Chinese patients undergoing nephrectomies for renal masses identified as localized renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in preoperative imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1999 and 2007, 303 patients (112 female, 191 male) with presumed localized RCC underwent nephrectomy (234 radical nephrectomies and 69 partial nephrectomies). Preoperative computed tomography images and pathological findings were reviewed and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathological examinations revealed 31 (10.2%) benign lesions in the 303 patients. Among these 31 benign lesions, 15 (5.0%) were angiomyolipomas (AML) and only four (1.3%) were oncocytomas. Significantly, 20 (17.9%) of the 112 female patients had benign lesions compared with 11 (5.8%; P = 0.001) male patients. Benign renal lesions were found in five (25.0%) of the 20 patients with renal masses smaller than 2 cm, 13 (13.0%) of the 100 patients with renal masses 2-4 cm in size and 13 (7.1%) of the 183 patients with renal masses larger than 4 cm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients in the present study population show a low incidence of benign renal lesions, approximately half of them being AML. Female patients and patients with renal masses smaller than 4 cm are more likely to have benign renal lesions.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Ultrasound, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Zhi-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yong-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhuo-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guo-Liang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Xue-Qi
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fang-Jian
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult