title: Efficacy and safety of levocetirizine in improving symptoms and health-related quality of life in US adults with seasonal allergic rhinitis: a randomized, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Levocetirizine, a second-generation antihistamine for symptomatic treatment of allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria, has not been previously studied in US patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of levocetirizine in improving symptoms and health-related quality of life in US adults with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR).
  
  
  METHODS
  This multicenter, double-blind trial randomized adults with SAR, sensitized to at least 1 grass allergen, to receive levocetirizine, 5 mg, or placebo once daily in the evening for 2 weeks. The primary end point was the 24-hour reflective Total 5-Symptom Score (T5SS; sum of rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasal congestion, and nasal and ocular pruritus) during the entire treatment period. Secondary assessments included the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment-Allergy Specific (WPAI-AS) questionnaire, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), each assessed at week 1, week 2, and the end of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intent-to-treat population comprised 287 patients taking levocetirizine and 290 taking placebo, with no significant between-group differences at baseline. Levocetirizine resulted in significantly greater improvement from baseline vs placebo in the T5SS (P < .001), overall RQLQ score (P < .001), general and work-related WPAI-AS subscores (P < .05), and ESS score (P < .001). Overall incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was 14.4% for levocetirizine and 18.4% for placebo. The incidence of somnolence and fatigue was 0.7% and 1.8% with levocetirizine and 1.0% and 0% with placebo, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Levocetirizine was well tolerated and was significantly more effective than placebo in improving the naso-ocular symptoms and health-related quality of life in US patients with SAR.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Atlanta, Stockbridge, Georgia 30281, USA. nsegall@clinicalresearchatlanta.com
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Segall
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gawchik
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Georges
authors.forename: Jean-Marc C
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haeusler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017332:Cetirizine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D039563:Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D011788:Quality of Life; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D039563:Histamine H1 Antagonists, Non-Sedating; D010919:Placebos; C472067:levocetirizine; D017332:Cetirizine