title: Lipoxygenase metabolites modulate vascular-derived platelet activating factor production following endotoxin challenge.
abstract: Endotoxin promotes the production of potent pro-inflammatory lipid mediators, such as platelet activating factor (PAF) and eicosanoids, which contribute to the pathophysiology of endotoxic shock. Endothelial cells are both a target for and producers of these lipid mediators so it is vital to understand the pathways leading to their production in these cells. Previous research suggested a positive feedback loop between eicosanoids and PAF during endotoxemia. This study sought to determine if eicosanoids derived from the 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX1) pathway can modulate the biosynthesis of PAF in cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAEC) following endotoxin stimulation. Endotoxin stimulation increased the production of 15-LOX1-derived eicosanoids prior to PAF in primary BAEC. Exogenous addition of specific 15-LOX1 eicosanoids, as well as overexpression of 15-LOX1 in endotoxin-stimulated BAEC, further increased the endotoxin-induced production of PAF. Whereas increased expression of 15-LOX1 activity can further exacerbate endotoxin-induced PAF biosynthesis, inhibition of 15-LOX1 activity is not capable of abrogating the initial onset of endotoxin-induced PAF production. The results indicate that 15-LOX1 activity is not necessary for the initial induction of PAF following endotoxin stimulation. There may exist, however, a role for elevated 15-LOX1 activity in further escalating the extent of PAF biosynthesis in BAEC during endotoxic shock. Determining factors that can potentiate endotoxin-induced vascular dysfunction may lead to the development of novel therapeutic targets to diminish the pathophysiological effects of endotoxic shock.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Corl
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sordillo
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000378:metabolism; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D006801:Humans; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D015777:Eicosanoids; D004731:Endotoxins; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; D000123:Acetyltransferases; C046035:1-alkylglycerophosphocholine acetyltransferase