title: Time to collapse following slaughter without stunning in cattle.
abstract: Time to physical collapse was examined in 174 cattle which were restrained in the upright position and then released immediately from the restraint following the halal cut. The frequencies of swelling and false aneurysm in the cephalic and cardiac severed ends of the arteries were recorded. Fourteen percent of the cattle collapsed and stood up again before finally collapsing. The average time to final collapse for all the cattle was 20s (sd+/-33). In 8% of the animals time to final collapse was 60s. Seventy-one percent of the cattle that took more than 75s to collapse had false aneurysms in the cardiac ends of the severed carotid arteries. The frequency of swelling at the cephalic severed ends of the carotid arteries in 129 cattle was 7%. Failure to collapse within 60s was associated with swelling of the cephalic ends of the carotid arteries.
authors.affiliation: Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield AL9 7TA, UK. ngregory@rvc.ac.uk
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Fielding
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Wenzlawowicz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: von Holleben
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs; D017541:Aneurysm, False; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases; D002417:Cattle; D013575:Syncope; D013997:Time Factors; D014947:Wounds and Injuries