title: Emergency peripartum hysterectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence, indications, risk factors and complications of peripartum hysterectomy in a tertiary teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 73 patients who had undergone emergency peripartum hysterectomy between 2003 and 2008 were reviewed retrospectively. Maternal characteristics and characteristics of the present pregnancy and delivery, hysterectomy indications, operative complications, postoperative conditions and maternal outcomes were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 73 emergency peripartum hysterectomies out of 114,720 deliveries, a rate of 0.63 per 1,000 deliveries. Eleven hysterectomies were performed after vaginal delivery (0.12/1,000 vaginal deliveries) and the remaining 62 hysterectomies were performed after cesarean section (2/1,000 cesarean sections). The most common indication for hysterectomy was placenta previa and/or accreta (31 patients, 42.4%), followed by uterine atony (26 patients, 35.6%). In this study, 22 of 29 patients (75.8%) with placenta previa and 12 of 16 patients (75%) with placenta accreta had previously had cesarean sections. Cesarean section is associated with placenta previa and accreta, which are the most common causes of emergency peripartum hysterectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in the cesarean delivery rate is leading to an increase in the rate of abnormal placentation (placenta previa and accreta), which in turn give rise to an increase in the peripartum hysterectomy rate. Cesarean section itself is also a risk factor for emergency peripartum hysterectomy. Therefore, every effort should be made to reduce the cesarean rate by performing this procedure only for valid clinical indications. The risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy should be identified antenatally. The delivery and operation should be performed in appropriate clinical settings by experienced surgeons when risk factors are identified.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Education and Research Hospital, Tunus Cad 61/7 Kavaklıdere, Ankara, Turkey. rkarayalcin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karayalçın
authors.forename: Sarp
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Özcan
authors.forename: Şebnem
authors.initials: Ş
authors.lastname: Özyer
authors.forename: Leyla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mollamahmutoğlu
authors.forename: Nuri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Danışman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D058725:Peripartum Period; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D010929:Placentation; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014593:Uterine Inertia / Q000601:surgery*