title: Artemin improves survival of spiral ganglion neurons in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: Artemin and its receptors are upregulated in the auditory nerve of deafened rats as a possible intrinsic protective mechanism against ototoxicity-related apoptosis. Consequently, we examined the effect of artemin on spiral ganglion neurons in vitro and in vivo. Spiral ganglion neurons were isolated from neonatal rats and cultured in serum-free medium supplemented with artemin and/or brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). In vitro, the survival rate of spiral ganglion neurons cultivated with artemin or BDNF was significantly improved compared with negative controls. In addition, artemin was delivered to the inner ear of deafened guinea pigs for 28 days. In-vivo artemin was as effective as BDNF in spiral ganglion neuron protection. Therefore, artemin promotes the survival of spiral ganglion neurons in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. Warnecke.Athanasia@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: Athanasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warnecke
authors.forename: Verena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Scheper
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Buhr
authors.forename: Gentiana I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wissel
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paasche
authors.forename: Nurdanat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Berkingali
authors.forename: Jesper Roland
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lenarz
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stöver
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013136:Spiral Ganglion / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C490887:Artn protein, rat; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins