title: Lid-wiper epitheliopathy in contact lens users and patients with dry eye.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate lid-wiper epitheliopathy (LWE) in contact lens users and in patients with symptoms characteristic of dry eye but with normal dry-eye tests and to compare the results with those of controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred fifty-five patients were enrolled in the study and were divided into three groups. The first group included 69 contact lens users, the second group included 46 patients with dry eye, and the third group included 40 controls. The contact lens users were also divided as symptomatic and asymptomatic according to the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness questionnaire and Ocular Surface Disease Index. The patients were examined for LWE with three different dyes (fluorescein, rose bengal, and lissamine green). The results were compared using chi-square and T tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More LWEs were detected in the contact lens and dry-eye groups compared with controls. In the contact lens group, 67% of the symptomatic patients and 32% of the asymptomatic patients showed LWE. The difference was statistically significant (P = 0.001). No significant correlation was found between LWE and the dry-eye tests (fluorescein breakup time and Schirmer test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LWE should be investigated in symptomatic contact lens users and in patients with symptoms characteristic of dry eye but with normal dry-eye tests. Lid wiper may traumatize the corneal epithelium and increase the sensitivity of the cornea. This could be the main cause of the symptoms in patients without any significant dry-eye test findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. byeniad@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yeniad
authors.forename: Muhittin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beginoglu
authors.forename: Lale K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Bilgin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000150:complications*; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000503:physiopathology; D005143:Eyelids / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes