title: Influence of insulin resistance on long-term outcomes in patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance (IR) is significantly associated with coronary artery disease and cardiovascular events in patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of IR on long-term outcomes of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 467 consecutive patients undergoing SES-based PCI were divided into IR group (n = 104) and non-IR group (n = 363). The patients were followed up for one year. The rate of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs) including death, non-fatal myocardial infarction and recurrent angina pectoris was compared by the log-rank test, and the independent risk factors were identified by the Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MACEs occurred more frequently, and cumulative survival rate was lower in the IR group than in the non-IR group during the follow-up (all P < 0.05). IR was an independent risk factor for the occurrence of cardiac death and non-fatal myocardial infarction (OR = 2.76, 95%CI = 1.35 - 5.47, P = 0.034). Old age, diabetes, and multi-vessel disease were determinants for recurrent angina pectoris after PCI (P < 0.05). Subgroup analysis revealed that IR (OR = 3.35, 95%CI = 1.07 - 13.59, P = 0.013) and multi-vessel disease (OR = 2.19, 95%CI = 1.01 - 5.14, P = 0.044) were independent risk predictors for recurrent angina pectoris in patients with diabetes after PCI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IR is associated with reduced MACE-free survival and remains an independent predictor for recurrent angina pectoris after PCI with SES implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Liang-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: An-kang
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Wei-feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Hai-feng
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-ye
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiao-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models