title: Distinguishing mast cell and granulocyte differentiation at the single-cell level.
abstract: The lineage restriction of prospectively isolated hematopoietic progenitors has been traditionally assessed by bulk in vitro culture and transplantation of large number of cells in vivo. These methods, however, cannot distinguish between homogenous multipotent or heterogeneous lineage-restricted populations. Using clonal assays of 1 or 5 cells in vitro, single-cell quantitative gene expression analyses, and transplantation of mice with low numbers of cells, we show that a common myeloid progenitor (CMP) is Sca-1(lo)lin(-)c-Kit(+)CD27(+)Flk-2(-) (SL-CMP; Sca-1(lo) CMP) and a granulocyte/macrophage progenitor (GMP) is Sca-1(lo)lin(-)c-Kit(+)CD27(+)Flk-2(+)CD150(-/lo) (SL-GMP; Sca-1(lo) GMP). We found that mast cell progenitor potential is present in the SL-CMP fraction, but not in the more differentiated SL-GMP population, and is more closely related to megakaryocyte/erythrocyte specification. Our data provide criteria for the prospective isolation of SL-CMP and SL-GMP and support the conclusion that mast cells are specified during hematopoiesis earlier than and independently from granulocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: chingchengchen@coh.org.
authors.forename: Ching-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Micha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drukker
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Irving L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Weissman
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: sgalli@stanford.edu.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Galli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000378:metabolism; D000067696:Ataxin-1; D000067528:Ataxins; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002452:Cell Count; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D055014:Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000067696:Ataxin-1; D000067528:Ataxins; C000593750:Atxn1 protein, mouse; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit