title: Repeated rhinoscopic and serologic assessment of the effectiveness of intranasally administered clotrimazole for the treatment of nasal aspergillosis in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the role of rhinoscopic evaluation and repeated serologic testing in assessing the success rate of intranasally administered clotrimazole for treatment of dogs with nasal aspergillosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  23 dogs with nasal aspergillosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs with nasal aspergillosis were treated with an intranasal infusion of 1% clotrimazole solution. Response to treatment was assessed with repeated rhinoscopic evaluation, with histologic examination and fungal culture when available. Results of repeated serologic testing for aspergillosis were monitored throughout the treatment course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  11 of the 23 (48%) dogs had no rhinoscopic evidence of disease after the first treatment. Three of 7 dogs were free of disease after the second treatment, and 1 of 3 dogs was free after the third treatment. Presence or absence of nasal discharge and results of repeated serologic testing were not consistent with disease status. Overall, the efficacy of intranasally administered clotrimazole for treatment of nasal aspergillosis could be confirmed in 15 of 17 dogs. Delayed recurrence or reinfection was confirmed in 3 of 15 dogs. When recurrences were taken into account, the success rate was 67% (12/15 dogs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical signs were not predictive of disease state, and follow-up rhinoscopy is recommended to assess response to treatment. The success rate of intranasally administered clotrimazole was similar to rates in previous reports; however, the number of dogs with recurrent disease was relatively high. Monitoring of the results of serologic testing is not recommended for use in determining response to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Jill S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pomrantz
authors.forename: Lynelle R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009668:Nose Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D003022:Clotrimazole