Oligosaccharides from agar inhibit pro-inflammatory mediator release by inducing heme oxygenase 1.
We investigated whether agaro-oligosaccharides have any immunological effects on RAW264.7 mouse macrophages and human monocytes in vitro. We demonstrate that agaro-oligosaccharides suppressed the elevated levels of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E(2), and such pro-inflammatory cytokines as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta and interleukin-6 in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes and macrophages. We also demonstrate that those effects of agaro-oligosaccharides on activated monocytes and macrophages may have been caused by heme oxygenase-1 induction. It is therefore proposed that agaro-oligosaccharides might be a good candidate for a functional food to prevent inflammatory diseases.
Enoki
Tatsuji
T
Biotechnology Research Laboratories, Takara Bio Inc., Otsu, Shiga, Japan. enokit@takara-bio.co.jp
Okuda
Shinji
S
Kudo
Yoko
Y
Takashima
Fuyuko
F
Sagawa
Hiroaki
H
Kato
Ikunoshin
I
D000362:Agar / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D055951:Functional Food; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000276:immunology; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000362:Agar; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1