title: Time course changes of oxidative stress markers in a rat experimental glaucoma model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress markers and increased intraocular pressure in experimental glaucoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vivo chemiluminescence (CL), total antioxidant capacity (TRAP), nitrite concentration (NC), and lipid peroxidation markers (TBARS) were evaluated. Wistar rats (n=18 for each time point) underwent operation, and two episcleral veins were cauterized.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Decreases of 22%, 35%, and 27% at 7, 15, and 30 days and an increase of 22% at 60 days in CL were observed in glaucomatous eyes. In optic nerve, TBARS values were 6.9+/-0.5 nmol/mg protein (7 days), 9.4+/-0.4 nmol/mg protein (15 days), 18.0+/-1.2 nmol/mg protein (30 days), and 43.1+/-5.3 nmol/mg protein (60 days) (control, 6.2+/-0.4 nmol/mg protein; P<0.001). NC was 37.0+/-1.8 microM (7 days), 31.4+/-1.2 microM (15 days), 39.6+/-1.3 microM (30 days), and 40.0+/-1.3 microM (60 days) (control, 21.1+/-1.7 microM; P<0.001). In glaucomatous vitreous humor, TRAP decreased by 42% at 15 days and 78% at 60 days (control, 414+/-29 microM; P<0.001). In glaucomatous aqueous humor, TRAP values were 75+/-7 microM (7 days), 54+/-4 microM (15 days), 25+/-4 microM (30 days), and 50+/-3 microM (60 days) (control, 90+/-10 microM; P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reactive species were increased in glaucoma, as evidenced by the increases in CL, TBARS, and NC. The decrease in the antioxidant levels may be a consequence of an increase in oxidative processes.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: S Fabián
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brunzini
authors.forename: Claudia G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Reides
authors.forename: Pablo A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Evelson
authors.forename: Susana F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Llesuy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D049449:Luminescence; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D009573:Nitrites; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances