title: Adenosine A2A receptor activation protects CD4+ T lymphocytes against activation-induced cell death.
abstract: Activation-induced cell death (AICD) is initiated by T-cell receptor (TCR) restimulation of already activated and expanded peripheral T cells and is mediated through Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) interactions. Adenosine is a purine nucleoside signaling molecule, and its immunomodulatory effects are mediated by 4 G-protein-coupled receptors: A(1), A(2A), A(2B), and A(3). In this study, we investigated the role of A(2A) receptors in regulating CD4(+) T lymphocyte AICD. Our results showed that the selective A(2A) receptor agonist CGS21680 (EC(50)=15.2-32.6 nM) rescued mouse CD4(+) hybridomas and human Jurkat cells from AICD and that this effect was reversed by the selective A(2A) receptor antagonist ZM241385 (EC(50)=2.3 nM). CGS21680 decreased phosphatidylserine exposure on the membrane, as well as the cleavage of caspase-3, caspase-8 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase indicating that A(2A) receptor stimulation blocks the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. In addition, CGS21680 attenuated both Fas and FasL mRNA expression. This decrease in FasL expression was associated with decreased activation of the transcription factor systems NF-kappaB, NF-ATp, early growth response (Egr)-1, and Egr-3. The antiapoptotic effect of A(2A) receptor stimulation was mediated by protein kinase A. Together, these results demonstrate that A(2A) receptor activation suppresses the AICD of peripheral T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Leonóra
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Himer
authors.forename: Balázs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Csóka
authors.forename: Zsolt
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Selmeczy
authors.forename: Balázs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koscsó
authors.forename: Tímea
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pócza
authors.forename: Pál
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pacher
authors.forename: Zoltán H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Németh
authors.forename: Edwin A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Deitch
authors.forename: E Sylvester
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Vizi
authors.forename: Bruce N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Cronstein
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haskó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D016923:Cell Death; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D020011:Protective Agents; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000378:metabolism*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D020011:Protective Agents; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D019014:fas Receptor