title: Outdoor air pollution and children's health.
abstract: Children spend almost 90% of their time indoors, though outside air can be a significant source of potential and actual exposure to outdoor air pollutants. Children are vulnerable to pollutants and toxins because of their size and developing organ systems. Young children have increased respiratory rates and inhale more toxins, and young children often ignore respiratory symptoms and continue play. Outdoor play and recreational activities expose children to outdoor air pollution from sources such as automobiles, power plants, industry, and other combustion sources, which can impact children. Outdoor air pollution has been linked to respiratory illness exacerbations, infant mortality, the development of asthma, and atopy and reduction in lung development in children. This article will examine outdoor air pollution and its impact on children's health, as well as implications for pediatric nursing clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Boromarajonani College of Nursing, Nakhonratchasima Praboromarajchanok Institute of Health Workforce Development, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand.
authors.forename: Wiparat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Suwanwaiphatthana
authors.forename: Kannika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ruangdej
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turner-Henson
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D035082:Federal Government; D033161:Government Regulation; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007854:Lead / Q000009:adverse effects; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D024802:Nurse's Role; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects; D010371:Pediatric Nursing; D056152:Respiratory Rate; D012307:Risk Factors; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States; D014484:United States Environmental Protection Agency
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D007854:Lead; D010126:Ozone; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D009585:Nitrogen Dioxide