title: Paleo-perspectives on ocean acidification.
abstract: The anthropogenic rise in atmospheric CO(2) is driving fundamental and unprecedented changes in the chemistry of the oceans. This has led to changes in the physiology of a wide variety of marine organisms and, consequently, the ecology of the ocean. This review explores recent advances in our understanding of ocean acidification with a particular emphasis on past changes to ocean chemistry and what they can tell us about present and future changes. We argue that ocean conditions are already more extreme than those experienced by marine organisms and ecosystems for millions of years, emphasising the urgent need to adopt policies that drastically reduce CO(2) emissions.
authors.affiliation: Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA) and Institut de Ciències del Mar, CSIC, Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37-49, E-08003, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. pelejero@icm.cat
authors.forename: Carles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pelejero
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Ove
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hoegh-Guldberg
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006802:Human Activities; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide