title: Comprehensive profiling of isoflavones, phytosterols, tocopherols, minerals, crude protein, lipid, and sugar during soybean (Glycine max) germination.
abstract: Isoflavone, phytosterol, tocopherol, mineral, protein, lipid, and sugar contents of soybeans were analyzed during 7-day germination with or without exposure to light. The levels of phytosterols and tocopherols increased significantly during the 3 day germination. Although malonyl glycosides were the predominant forms of isoflavones in soybean seeds, 77% of malonyl daidzin and 30% of malonyl genistin were converted to corresponding daidzin, daidzein, genistin, and genistein during the germination period. Slight decreases in malonal glycidin and malonyl glycidin concentrations were also observed while the total molar concentration of isoflavones remained constant. An increase of approximately 4% in the protein level was accompanied by a 5-6% reduction in the carbohydrate and lipid contents after the 7-day germination. Mineral (Ca, Cr, Fe, Zn Cu, K, Mg, Mn) levels did not vary much during germination, and the presence of light during germination had only a little, if any, effect on the levels of the micro- and macronutrients in soybeans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Center for Environmental Science and Technology, Missouri-University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.
authors.forename: Honglan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Yinfa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis*; D018525:Germination; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000032:analysis*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D007529:Isoflavones; D008055:Lipids; D008903:Minerals; D010840:Phytosterols; D010940:Plant Proteins; D024505:Tocopherols