Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in Nazareth Town, Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE
To determine seroprevalence of toxoplasmosis, assess its zoonotic importance and identify factors associated with seroprevalence.


METHODS
Questionnaire survey and serological studies.


METHODS
Questionnaire survey and 65 serum samples from male and female urban and peri-urban residents aged between 15 days and 65 years.


METHODS
Feeding habits, purpose of keeping cats and association with family members, serologic evidence of toxoplasmosis by the Modified Direct Agglutination Test (MDAT), examination of HIV status using the HIV-Spot Test.


RESULTS
Over 86% of the interviewed people had a history of consumption of raw or undercooked mutton and had close contact with cats. Of the serum samples analyzed by the MDAT 60% had serologic evidence of Toxoplasma infection. Significantly higher MDAT tiers were encountered both in pregnant and immunocompromised individuals. The risk factors associated with Toxoplasma infection, i.e. raw or undercooked mutton consumption and presence of cats appeared significant.


CONCLUSIONS
The significance of toxoplasmosis as a disease of zoonotic importance was demonstrated. Close contact between family members and the consumption of raw or undercooked mutton were the major risk factors in the transmission of the disease. Considering the relatively high prevalence as revealed by this study it would be important to conduct studies on a wider scale. It would also be important to increase public awareness and upgrade the knowledge on congenital toxoplasmosis.
Negash
T
T
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ababa University, PO Box 34, Debre Zeit, Ethiopia.
Tilahun
G
G
Medhin
G
G
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000372:Agglutination Tests; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D002415:Cats; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D018401:Sample Size; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007074:Immunoglobulin G