title: Measurements of the exerted pressure by pelvic circumferential compression devices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data on the efficacy and safety of non-invasive Pelvic Circumferential Compression Devices (PCCDs) is limited. Tissue damage may occur if a continuous pressure on the skin exceeding 9.3 kPa is sustained for more than two or three hours. The aim of this study was to gain insight into the pressure build-up at the interface, by measuring the PCCD-induced pressure when applying pulling forces to three different PCCDs (Pelvic Binder((R)) , SAM-Sling ((R)) and T-POD((R)) ) in a simplified model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The resulting exerted pressures were measured at four 'anatomical' locations (right, left, posterior and anterior) in a model using a pressure measurement system consisting of pressure cuffs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The exerted pressure varied substantially between the locations as well as between the PCCDs. Maximum pressures ranged from 18.9-23.3 kPa and from 19.2-27.5 kPa at the right location and left location, respectively. Pressures at the posterior location stayed below 18 kPa. At the anterior location pressures varied markedly between the different PCCDs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The circumferential compression by the different PCCDs showed high pressures measured at the four locations using a simplified model. Difference in design and functional characteristics of the PCCDs resulted in different pressure build-up at the four locations. When following the manufacturer's instructions, the exerted pressure of all three PCCDs tested exceeded the tissue damaging level (9.3 kPa). In case of prolonged use in a clinical situation this might put patients at risk for developing tissue damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery-Traumatology, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Simon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Knops
authors.forename: Marcel P J M
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van Riel
authors.forename: Richard H M
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Goossens
authors.forename: Esther M M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: van Lieshout
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patka
authors.forename: Inger B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Schipper