title: Bioactivity-guided separation of anti-acidogenic substances against Streptococcus mutans UA 159 from Polygonum cuspidatum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to separate the anti-acidogenic substances against Streptococcus mutans UA 159 from Polygonum cuspidatum.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-acidogenic substances were separated by a series of liquid-liquid fractionations followed by normal-phase silica gel liquid chromatography, based on high-performance liquid chromatography and glycolytic pH-drop assay. The effectiveness of the separated substances on the acidogenicity of Streptococcus mutans UA 159 was examined using sodium fluoride as a positive control. The chemical composition and quantities of the components of the substances was also assessed by qualitative-quantitative chromatographic analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the substances separated from P. cuspidatum, F3 showed the strongest inhibitory effect on the acidogenicity of S. mutans UA 159 in a dose-dependent manner without displaying any bactericidal activity. F3 decreased the acidogenicity of S. mutans even at 12.5 microg ml(-1) (P < 0.05). F3 consisted mainly of resveratrol and emodin (C(14)H(12)O(3) and C(14)H(4)O(2)(OH)(3)CH(3), respectively), which made up approximately 60% of the weight of F3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  F3 can be considered as a promising agent for controlling the acidogenicity of S. mutans and subsequent dental caries formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Bioscience and BK 21 Program, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Y-R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: K-J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.forename: J-E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K-W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: J-G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology; D004642:Emodin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D045468:Fallopia japonica / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006019:Glycolysis; D006027:Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D000873:Anthracenes; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005960:Glucosides; D006027:Glycosides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013267:Stilbenes; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; C008905:physcione; D004642:Emodin; D000077185:Resveratrol; C058229:polydatin; C442642:anthraglycoside B