In vitro studies on the hypoglycemic potential of Ficus racemosa stem bark.
BACKGROUND
Medicinal plants have been reported to play an important role in modulating glycemic responses and have preventive and therapeutic implications. Several mechanisms have been proposed for the antidiabetic effect of medicinal plants such as inhibition of carbohydrate-metabolizing enzymes, manipulation of glucose transporters, beta-cell regeneration and enhancing insulin-releasing activity. The present investigation evaluated the possible mechanism of action through which Ficus racemosa stem bark (Moraceae) exerts its hypoglycemic effect using suitable in vitro techniques.


RESULTS
Ficus racemosa bark (FRB) exhibited significantly higher (P < or = 0.01) glucose-binding capacity than wheat bran (WB) and acarbose (ACB) consequently showed significantly higher (P < or = 0.01) retardation of glucose diffusion compared to WB and ACB. In case of amylolysis kinetics the liberation of glucose was greatly inhibited by FRB, as reflected by a significantly lower (P < or = 0.01) glucose diffusion rate in the system containing FRB compared to the control and acarbose. Furthermore, FRB significantly increased (P < or = 0.01) the rate of glucose transport across the yeast cell membrane and also in isolated rat hemi-diaphragm.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings indicate F. racemosa bark to possess strong hypoglycemic effect and hence can be utilized as an adjunct in the management of diabetes mellitus.
Ahmed
Faiyaz
F
Department of Studies in Food Science and Nutrition, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570 006, India. fayaz ahmed09@yahoo.co.in
Urooj
Asna
A
D020909:Acarbose; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D030681:Ficus; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024301:Plant Bark; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018547:Plant Stems; D051381:Rats; D015003:Yeasts
D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005947:Glucose; D020909:Acarbose