Canine hypoadrenocorticism: part I.
Hypoadrenocorticism (Addison's disease) has been referred to as "the great pretender," due to its ability to mimic other common diseases in the dog and thereby represent a diagnostic challenge. Naturally occurring hypoadrenocorticism is an uncommon canine disease. Young, female dogs are overrepresented. Hypoadrenocorticism typically results from immune-mediated destruction of all adrenocortical layers, resulting in deficiencies of min-eralocorticoids (aldosterone) and glucocorticoids (cortisol). A small number of dogs suffer from glucocorticoid deficiency only. Dogs suffering from hypoadrenocorticism may present in a variety of conditions, from a mildly ill dog to a shocky and recumbent dog. This review discusses etiology, pathophysiology, history, physical examination findings, and diagnostic findings in the Addisonian patient. A follow-up article (Part II) will discuss the definitive diagnosis and management strategies for these patients.
Klein
Susan C
SC
scklein@hotmail.com
Peterson
Mark E
ME
D000224:Addison Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D000367:Age Factors; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000662:veterinary; D012737:Sex Factors
D000450:Aldosterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone