title: [Effect of tumor vascular invasion upon cardio-pulmonary exercise functions in patients with lung cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the correlation between the tumor vascular invasion and the change of cardio-pulmonary exercise function in patients with lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cardio-pulmonary exercise test was performed in 405 patients with lung cancer (293 with vascular invasion and 112 without). The peak load indices examined included maximal work power (measured value/predicted value, W%), maximal oxygen uptake per weight (VO(2)/kg), anaerobic threshold (AT), maximal oxygen pulse (measured value/predicted value, VO(2)/HR%), maximal minute ventilation (V(E)), maximal breath reserve (BR), maximal breath frequency (BF) and maximal tidal volume during expiration (VTex).
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) W%, VO(2)/kg, AT, VO(2)/HR% of patients with vascular invasion [(73 +/- 18)%, (17 +/- 5) ml * min(-1) * kg(-1), (51 +/- 14)%, (79 +/- 18)% respectively] decreased than those without vascular invasion [(86 +/- 20)%, (19 +/- 5) ml * min(-1) * kg(-1), (55 +/- 14)%, (88 +/- 20)% respectively, all P < 0.01) while BF increased [(32.1 +/- 6.1)/min vs (30.6 +/- 5.1)/min, P < 0.05). (2) The patients were divided according to TNM stage, number, kind of tumor vascular invasion and its relationship with tumor, W%, VO(2)/HR% decreased in the groups of 1-, 2- and >or= 3-vessel invasion versus the control group (P < 0.01), AT decreased in the groups of 1- and >or= 3-vessel invasion versus the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), VO(2)/kg decreased in the groups of 2- and >or= 3-vessel invasion versus the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), VO(2)/kg decreased in the group of >or= 3-vessel invasion versus 1- and 2-vessel invasion (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), VO(2)/HR% decreased in the group of >or= 3-vessel invasion versus 1-vessel invasion (P < 0.01), VTex decreased in the group of >or= 3-vessel invasion versus the control group and 1-vessel invasion (P < 0.05). There was correlation between VO(2)/HR% and the number of tumor invaded vessels (r = 0.220, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The amount of oxygen uptake, exercise ability and cardiac function during exercise decrease in patients of lung cancer with tumor vascular invasion. The main reason is the number of the invaded vessels.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardio-pulmonary Function, Beijing Chest Hospital, Beijing 101149, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ru-ming
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Gui-xin
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bo-tao
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Hong-yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Zhi-ru
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging