title: Cognitive functioning in patients with affective disorders and schizophrenia: a meta-analysis.
abstract: There is considerable evidence for cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia and affective disorders, but the pattern of potential similarities or differences between diagnostic groups remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to conduct a quantitative review of studies on cognitive performance in schizophrenia and affective disorders. Relevant articles were identified through literature search in major databases for the period between January 1980 and December 2005. Meta-analytic treatment of the original studies revealed widespread cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders in intellectual ability and speed of information processing, in encoding and retrieval, rule discovery and in response generation and response inhibition. Differences between diagnostic groups were quantitative rather than qualitative.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neurobiology of Psychosis, Institute of Psychiatry and Biomedical Research Centre for Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Evgenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stefanopoulou
authors.forename: Andiappan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manoharan
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Landau
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Geddes
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Goodwin
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frangou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001288:Attention; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D055815:Young Adult