title: Turner syndrome: a pediatric diagnosis frequently made by non-pediatricians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the clinical features of patients with suspected diagnosis of Turner syndrome (TS) in a reference service.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of 425 patients: data pertaining to age, height and pubertal stage at diagnosis, as well as the specialty of the physician who referred the patient were collected. Patients with and without TS were compared, as well as those with TS according to specialty of the physician; the correlation between age and height at diagnosis was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TS diagnosis was made in 36.9% of the cases with a mean age of 12.0 years, and height z score = -3.09; pubertal delay was found in 71.4% of the 63 patients aged more than 13 years. When compared to the other patients, girls with TS had a higher height deficit and higher frequency of pubertal delay. TS patients referred by pediatricians were significantly younger (9.3 years vs. 15.4 years), but their height and frequency of pubertal delay were similar to those referred by non-pediatricians. There was a significant negative linear correlation between age and height in the total amount of patients with TS, but not among those referred by non-pediatricians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mean age at TS diagnosis is still higher than that observed in developed countries, and the presence of spontaneous pubertal signs and/or less pronounced growth deficit in some cases may contribute to delayed clinical suspicion of TS. Information required for early TS diagnosis must be spread among pediatricians and non-pediatricians.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil. annelisebarreto@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Annelise B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Gil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guerra-Junior
authors.forename: Maria Tereza M
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.forename: Antonia Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Marques-de-Faria
authors.forename: Sofia H V de
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lemos-Marini
authors.forename: Andréa T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Maciel-Guerra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016014:Linear Models; D008511:Medicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*