title: Environmental enrichment and chronic restraint stress in ICR mice: effects on prepulse inhibition of startle and Y-maze spatial recognition memory.
abstract: In most studies regarding the improving or therapeutical effects induced by enriched environment (EE), EE was performed after the stress treatment or in patients with certain diseases. In the current study, the effects of chronic restraint stress (6h/day) in mice living in an enriched environment or standard environment (SE) were tested. Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: non-stressed or stressed mice housed in SE or EE conditions (SE, stress+SE, EE, stress+EE). Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of startle was tested after the 2 weeks or 4 weeks stress and/or EE treatment and 1 or 2 weeks withdrawal from the 4 weeks treatment. After the 4 weeks treatment, spatial recognition memory in Y-maze was also tested. The results showed that EE increased PPI in stressed and non-stressed mice after 2 weeks treatment. No effect of EE on PPI was found after the 4 weeks treatment. 4 weeks chronic restraint stress increased PPI in mice housed in standard but not EE conditions. Stressed mice showed deficits on the 1h delay version of the Y-maze which could be prevented by living in an enriched environment. Our results indicated that living in an enriched environment reversed the impairing effects of chronic restraint stress on spatial recognition memory. However, EE did not change the effects of stress on PPI.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, #32 Jiao Chang Dong Lu, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, PR China.
authors.forename: Yanmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Dongming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xintian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuanye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004777:Environment; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000502:physiology; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000379:methods; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors