title: CD133 expression is a potential prognostic indicator in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  CD133 is one of the most important cancer-initiating (stem) cell markers and was confirmed to be expressed in solid cancers such as colon cancer. However, no one has investigated the role of CD133 in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC). The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical role of CD133 expression in IHCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine patients with IHCC who underwent hepatic resection at our institution were enrolled in this study. Expression of CD133 was examined using anti-CD133 antibody. Staining was observed in the cytoplasm of cancer cells and CD133-positive cells distributed in the whole tumor. The patients were divided into two groups: the CD133-positive group (n = 14) and CD133-negative group (n = 15), in which no staining of CD133 was observed. Clinicopathological factors including hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha expression were compared between the two groups. The prognostic factors were investigated by multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year survival rate in the CD133-positive group (8.0%) was worse than that in the CD133-negative group (57.0%). In the CD133-positive group, the incidence of intrahepatic metastasis and positive expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha tended to be higher than that in the CD133 negative group. The multivariate analysis revealed CD133 expression was an independent prognostic indicator in IHCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD133 expression tended to be related to higher incidences of intrahepatic metastasis and positive expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha; furthermore, it was independently related to worse prognosis. Therefore, the CD133 expression is a potential prognostic indicator in IHCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima, Kuramoto 3-18-15, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan. mshimada@clin.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morine
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imura
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikemoto
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000473:pathology; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D015703:Antigens, CD; D006023:Glycoproteins; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; C000606023:PROM1 protein, human; D010455:Peptides