Thermoelectric magnetohydrodynamic stirring of liquid metals.
The direct observation of a thermoelectric magnetohydrodynamic (TEMHD) flow has been achieved and is reported here. The origin of the flow is identified based on a series of qualitative tests and corresponds, quantitatively, with a swirling flow TEMHD model. A theory for determining the dominant driver of a free-surface flow, TEMHD or thermocapillary (TC), is found to be consistent with the experimental results. The use of the analytical form for an open geometry develops a new dimensionless parameter describing the ratio of TEMHD to TC generated flows.
Jaworski
M A
MA
Center for Plasma-Material Interactions, Department of Nuclear, Plasma, and Radiological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA. mjaworsk@illinois.edu
Gray
T K
TK
Antonelli
M
M
Kim
J J
JJ
Lau
C Y
CY
Lee
M B
MB
Neumann
M J
MJ
Xu
W
W
Ruzic
D N
DN