title: Metabolomics of volatile organic compounds in cystic fibrosis patients and controls.
abstract: In cystic fibrosis (CF), airway inflammation causes an increased production of reactive oxygen species, responsible for degradation of cell membranes. During this process, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are formed. Measurement of VOCs in exhaled breath of CF patients may be useful for the assessment of airway inflammation. This study investigates whether "metabolomics' of VOCs could discriminate between CF and controls, and between CF patients with and without Pseudomonas colonization. One hundred five children (48 with CF, 57 controls) were included in this study. After exhaled breath collection, samples were transferred onto tubes containing active carbon to adsorb and stabilize VOCs. Samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-time of flight-mass spectrometry to assess VOC profiles. Analysis showed that 1099 VOCs had a prevalence of at least 7%. By using 22 VOCs, a 100% correct identification of CF patients and controls was possible. With 10 VOCs, 92% of the subjects were correctly classified. The reproducibility of VOC measurements with a 1-h interval was very good (match factor 0.90 +/- 0.038). We conclude that metabolomics of VOCs in exhaled breath was possible in a reproducible way. This new technique was able to discriminate not only between CF patients and controls but also between CF patients with or without Pseudomonas colonization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Pulmonology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands. c.bootsma.robroeks@mumc.nl
authors.forename: Charlotte M H H T
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Robroeks
authors.forename: Joep J B N
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: van Berkel
authors.forename: Jan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Dallinga
authors.forename: Quirijn
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jöbsis
authors.forename: Luc J I
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Han J E
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: Miel F M
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: Chris P M
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: van der Grinten
authors.forename: Kim D G
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: van de Kant
authors.forename: Frederik-Jan
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: van Schooten
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dompeling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D055432:Metabolomics / Q000379:methods*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012119:Respiration; D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D055549:Volatile Organic Compounds