title: Effectiveness of narrow-band imaging magnification for invasion depth in early colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the surface microvascular patterns of early colorectal cancer (ECC) using narrow-band imaging (NBI) with magnification and its effectiveness for invasion depth diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 112 ECC lesions [mucosal/submucosal superficial (m/sm-s), 69; sm-deep (sm-d), 43] > or = 10 mm that subsequently underwent endoscopic or surgical treatment at our hospital. We compared microvascular architecture revealed by NBI with magnification to histological findings and then to magnification colonoscopy pit pattern diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analysis indicated vessel density: non-dense (P < 0.0001); vessel regularity: negative (P < 0.0001); caliber regularity: negative (P < 0.0001); vessel length: short (P < 0.0001); and vessel meandering: positive (P = 0.002) occurred significantly more often with sm-d invasion than m/sm-s invasion. Multivariate analysis showed sm-d invasion was independently associated with vessel density: non-dense [odds ratio (OR) = 402.5, 95% confidence interval (CI): 12.4-13 133.1] and vessel regularity: negative (OR = 15.9, 95% CI: 1.2-219.1). Both of these findings when combined were an indicator of sm-d invasion with sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 81.4%, 100% and 92.9%, respectively. Pit pattern diagnosis sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, meanwhile, were 86.0%, 98.6% and 93.8%, respectively, thus, the NBI with magnification findings of non-dense vessel density and negative vessel regularity when combined together were comparable to pit pattern diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-dense vessel density and/or negative vessel regularity observed by NBI with magnification could be indicators of ECC sm-d invasion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 1040045, Japan. masakatu8055@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uraoka
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoi
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moriyasu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D055620:Optical Phenomena