title: Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 regulates associative learning and synaptic function in Drosophila.
abstract: Nucleoside transporters are evolutionarily conserved proteins that are essential for normal cellular function. In the present study, we examined the role of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 2 (ent2) in Drosophila. Null mutants of ent2 are lethal during late larval/early pupal stages, indicating that ent2 is essential for normal development. Hypomorphic mutant alleles of ent2, however, are viable and exhibit reduced associative learning. We additionally used RNA interference to knock down ent2 expression in specific regions of the CNS and show that ent2 is required in the alpha/beta lobes of the mushroom bodies and the antennal lobes. To determine whether the observed behavioral defects are attributable to defects in synaptic transmission, we examined transmitter release at the larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Excitatory junction potentials were significantly elevated in ent2 mutants, whereas paired-pulse plasticity was reduced. We also observed an increase in stimulus dependent calcium influx in the presynaptic terminal. The defects observed in calcium influx and transmitter release probability at the NMJ were rescued by introducing an adenosine receptor mutant allele (AdoR(1)) into the ent2 mutant background. The results of the present study provide the first evidence of a role for ent2 function in Drosophila and suggest that the observed defects in associative learning and synaptic function may be attributable to changes in adenosine receptor activation.
authors.affiliation: Program in Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Konstantin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Iliadi
authors.forename: Markus K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Klose
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iliadi
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dolezelova
authors.forename: Milton P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Charlton
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zurovec
authors.forename: Gabrielle L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Boulianne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C518871:ENT2 protein, Drosophila; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins