title: Oxidative stress in lens in vivo: inhibitory effect of caffeine. A preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experiments have been conducted to study the hypothesis that caffeine would inhibit reactive oxygen species induced oxidative stress in the lens in vivo, with implications of attenuating or preventing cataract formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oxidative stress was directly induced by administering 24% galactose diet to young adult rats. The treated group was fed a diet containing 24% galactose + 1% caffeine. Oxidative stress inflicted to the lens was assessed by measurement of glutathione (GSH) depletion and observing the status of lens clarity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caffeine administration was found to minimize the loss of GSH. This was also associated with a better maintenance of lens transparency as compared to the untreated galactosemic group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The studies demonstrate that caffeine could be helpful in inhibiting oxidative stress in the lens with the consequence of attenuating cataract formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. svarm001@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Varma
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kovtun
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002386:Cataract / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004376:Galactitol / Q000378:metabolism; D005690:Galactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004376:Galactitol; D002110:Caffeine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005978:Glutathione; D005690:Galactose