title: Myelopathy hand: new evidence of the classical sign.
abstract: METHODS
  Motion analysis on video files that captured grip and release cycles with fingers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To reveal the kinematic characteristics of finger motion in cervical myelopathy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Myelopathy patients are often unable to smoothly move their fingers in grip and release cycles. Although paradoxical wrist motion (trick motion) and lack of finger coordination are well-known phenomena in myelopathy patients, it is not known which types of myelopathy patients present with these kinematic characteristics, and it is not known why they occur.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with myelopathy were evaluated before and after decompressive surgery and compared with 42 healthy controls. The subjects were asked to grip and release with their fingers as rapidly as possible for 15 seconds. Movies taken with a digital camera were divided into 3 animation files of 5-seconds each. Three physicians independently counted the number of finger grip and release cycles of those files in a blinded manner; they also evaluated trick motion of the wrist and lack of finger coordination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the frequency of trick motion and that of uncoordinated finger motion were significantly higher in the preoperative myelopathy group than in the control group (trick motion, 11.7% vs. 4.8% and uncoordinated finger motion, 15.6% vs. 7.1%), but were the same in the pre- and postoperative myelopathy groups. In the preoperative myelopathy group, the number of grip and release cycles of uncoordinated finger motion files, especially ulnar delay type, was significantly smaller than that of coordinated finger motion files, which meant uncoordinated finger motion was related to the severity of myelopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both uncoordinated finger motion and trick motion of the wrist were more frequent in myelopathy patients than in healthy controls, and uncoordinated finger motion was associated with severity of myelopathy, whereas trick motion was not associated with either severity of myelopathy or level of cord compression. These findings contradict the conventional idea that trick motion is associated with the severity of myelopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka Kosei-Nenkin Hospital, Fukushima, Osaka, Japan. hosono-n@umin.net
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosono
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaura
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fuji
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D006225:Hand / Q000294:innervation* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000379:methods; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000503:physiopathology; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000503:physiopathology; D055009:Spondylosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers