title: Construction of 2,3-dihydrofuran cores through the [3+2] cycloaddition of gold alpha-carbonylcarbenoids with alkenes.
abstract: Treatment of 2-epoxy-1-alkynylbenzenes with electron-rich alkenes and a [AuCl(PR(3))]/AgX catalyst in CH(2)Cl(2) led to the formation of 2-alkenyl-1-(2,3-dihydrofuran-4-yl)benzenes. This transformation comprises of a gold-catalyzed redox reaction to form a gold alpha-carbonylcarbenoid initially, which then reacts in situ with an alkene in a [3+2] cycloaddition. A range of alkenes are amenable to this tandem reaction, amongst them alpha-substituted styrenes, enol ethers, and 2,3-dimethylbutadienes. Deuterium-labeling experiments suggest a stepwise mechanism for the alpha-carbonylcarbenoid/alkene [3+2] cycloaddition. The resulting 2,3-dihydrofuran products allow access to diverse oxacyclic compounds through a stereoselective ene-oxonium reaction initiated by treatment with HOTf (1 mol %; Tf=trifluoromethanesulfonyl). A stepwise pathway is proposed for this reaction. The feasibility for direct transformation of 2-alkenyl-1-alkynylbenzenes into the desired 2,3-dihydrofuran products through initial m-chloroperbenzoic acid oxidation, followed by the addition of gold catalyst and alkene, has also been demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chia-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guan-You
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Rai-Shung
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Liu