title: Alterations in theta activity associated with novelty and routinization processing in ADHD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Novelty and routinization-related information processing disturbances were examined in adolescent males with ADHD using an oddball paradigm and electrophysiological measurement of theta (4-7Hz) activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four unmedicated adolescent males (12-18years) with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and matched controls performed an auditory oddball task. Theta activity was sub-averaged, and Fourier Integrals with simultaneous measurement of electrodermal activity (EDA) was used to index response to stimulus novelty and routinization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADHD participants showed an overall increase in theta activity to both novel and routine stimuli relative to controls. While controls showed increased theta activity in response to novel compared to routine targets across the brain, ADHD participants did not show this novelty-related increase in theta activity in the right anterior/frontal brain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of this study are consistent with disturbances in theta activity and the brain substrates of novelty relative to routinization-related processing in ADHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show that there are distinct alterations in theta activity related to stimulus novelty and routinization during an auditory oddball task in ADHD, and they highlight the value of using an event-related approach to elucidate the neural substrates of stimulus processing in ADHD.
authors.affiliation: The Brain Resource Center, New York, United States; Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, United States. kf2303@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fallahpour
authors.forename: Simon D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Elkhonon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goldberg
authors.forename: Daniel F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Hermens
authors.forename: Erin M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Falconer
authors.forename: Evian
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013826:Theta Rhythm