title: Non-invasive coronary flow reserve after successful primary angioplasty for acute anterior myocardial infarction is an independent predictor of left ventricular adverse remodelling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the usefulness of non-invasive coronary flow reserve (CFR) to predict left ventricular adverse remodelling (LVR) after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-five consecutive patients (mean age 58 +/- 13 years, 24 women) with a first anterior STEMI, underwent prospectively CFR in the distal part of the left anterior descending artery (LAD), using intravenous adenosine infusion (0.14 mg/kg/min, within 2 min), and a standard echocardiography during the same exam, performed within 24 h after successful primary coronary angioplasty, and 6 months later, while the patients were in stable haemodynamic situation. CFR was defined as the peak hyperaemic LAD flow velocity divided by the baseline flow velocity. LV end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV), and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured using the biplane Simpson's rule. LVR was defined as an absolute increase of ESV > or =15%. Compared with patients without LVR, patients with LVR (n = 18) had higher peak troponin T levels, wall motion score (WMS), a worse initial angiographic TIMI flow grade, and less improved electrocardiographic ST-segment resolution (all P < 0.05), and lower CFR (1.43 +/- 0.2 vs. 1.97 +/- 0.5, P < 0.01). At 6 months, patients with LVR had higher WMS, ESV, EDV, and lower LVEF compared with patients without LVR (all P < 0.01). Furthermore, acute CFR was significantly correlated to the 6-month LVEF and ESV, and to change of LVEF and ESV (all P < 0.01). In the multivariate analysis, acute CFR and initial angiographic TIMI flow grade were the independent predictors of LVR (all P < or = 0.01). Receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that a cut-off value of 1.7 for CFR yields a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 62% to predict LVR at follow-up (P < 0.001, area under the curve 0.82).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-invasive CFR is an independent predictor of LVR after successful primary angioplasty of anterior STEMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Unit, Centre Hospitalier de Compiegne, Compiègne Hospital, 8 rue Henri Adnot, 60200 Compiègne, France. patrickmeimoun@free.fr
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meimoun
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boulanger
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luycx-Bore
authors.forename: Hamdane
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zemir
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Elmkies
authors.forename: Dorothée
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malaquin
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Doutrelan
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tribouilloy
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D053805:Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin