Cultivation and genomic, nutritional, and lipid biomarker characterization of Roseiflexus strains closely related to predominant in situ populations inhabiting Yellowstone hot spring microbial mats.
Roseiflexus sp. strains were cultivated from a microbial mat of an alkaline siliceous hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. These strains are closely related to predominant filamentous anoxygenic phototrophs found in the mat, as judged by the similarity of small-subunit rRNA, lipid distributions, and genomic and metagenomic sequences. Like a Japanese isolate, R. castenholzii, the Yellowstone isolates contain bacteriochlorophyll a, but not bacteriochlorophyll c or chlorosomes, and grow photoheterotrophically or chemoheterotrophically under dark aerobic conditions. The genome of one isolate, Roseiflexus sp. strain RS1, contains genes necessary to support these metabolisms. This genome also contains genes encoding the 3-hydroxypropionate pathway for CO(2) fixation and a hydrogenase, which might enable photoautotrophic metabolism, even though neither isolate could be grown photoautotrophically with H(2) or H(2)S as a possible electron donor. The isolates exhibit temperature, pH, and sulfide preferences typical of their habitat. Lipids produced by these isolates matched much better with mat lipids than do lipids produced by R. castenholzii or Chloroflexus isolates.
van der Meer
Marcel T J
MT
NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, Department of Marine Organic Biogeochemistry, P.O. Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
Klatt
Christian G
CG
Wood
Jason
J
Bryant
Donald A
DA
Bateson
Mary M
MM
Lammerts
Laurens
L
Schouten
Stefan
S
Damsté
Jaap S Sinninghe
JS
Madigan
Michael T
MT
Ward
David M
DM
D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D041862:Chloroflexi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D017753:Ecosystem; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D045482:Hot Springs / Q000382:microbiology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D013440:Sulfides; D013696:Temperature
D013440:Sulfides