title: Tumor necrosis factor alpha and its soluble receptors in obese children with NAFLD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha and its soluble receptors in obese children with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fasting serum levels of TNFalpha and its receptors were determined in 45 consecutive obese children with suspected liver disease and 20 lean controls. The degree of liver steatosis was graded in ultrasound according to Saverymuttu. 1H-MR spectroscopy was performed with 1.5T scanner with PRESS sequence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A fatty liver was confrmed in 32 children by ultrasonography (group I); 16 of them also had increased ALT activity (group Ia - NAFLD). Serum concentrations of TNFalpha and its receptors were significantly higher in obese children with NAFLD compared to controls. Significant correlation was found between ultrasonographic grade of liver steatosis and TNFalpha level but serum level of this adipokine was not significantly different in children with advanced liver steatosis (grade 2-3, n=13) compared to patients with mild steatosis (grade 1, n=19). The ability of TNFalpha and its receptors (R1, R2) to differentiate children with advanced liver steatosis from those with mild steatosis was insignificant. However, the ability of serum TNFalpha to differentiate obese children with liver steatosis from those without steatosis was significant (AUC=0.7448, p=0.0291).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although TNFalpha does not predict advanced liver steatosis, it may be suitable serum marker in predicting liver steatosis in obese children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Allergology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland. lebensztejn@hoga.pl
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Lebensztejn
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kowalczuk
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tarasów
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Skiba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaczmarski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000097:blood*; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha