title: Upregulation of SPRR3 promotes colorectal tumorigenesis.
abstract: Hereditary colorectal cancer develops through a series of well-defined genetic and histological changes. However, elucidation of the canonical pathway based on hereditary colorectal cancer has not provided a clear explanation of the molecular mechanisms of sporadic colorectal cancer. To identify the alterative pathways involved in sporadic colorectal tumorigenesis, we performed gene expression analysis in patients with sporadic colorectal tumors. A comparison analysis of gene expression profiles revealed a pattern of upregulation of small proline rich repeat protein 3 (SPRR3) in tumor samples. SPRR3 has previously been reported to be downregulated in esophageal cancer. However, in the present study, we observed that SPRR3 was strongly upregulated in 31 of 35 samples of sporadic colorectal tumors (88%). We also determined that overexpression of SPRR3 not only accelerates colorectal cancer cell proliferation but also is associated with lymphovascular invasion in colorectal cancer. Moreover, AKT was activated and p53 levels were decreased in cells that overexpressed SPRR3. In contrast to the pattern seen in esophageal cancer, these results suggest that increased expression of SPRR3 is involved in colorectal tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Ulsan College of Medicine and Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hyung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yoon Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Seon Ae
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Young-Soon
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Tae Won
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Se Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Yong Sung
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Cheon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D055233:Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D055233:Cornified Envelope Proline-Rich Proteins; C112254:SPRR3 protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt