title: Suturing methods and materials with special emphasis on the jaws of giant ants (an old-new surgical instrument).
abstract: The historical development of surgical sutures, ligatures, and staples is discussed. The use of the jaws of giant ants, especially in the suturing of bowel injuries, is documented.
authors.affiliation: The Sami I Haddad Memorial Library, Rancho Palos Verdes, California, USA. haddadmd@cox.net
authors.forename: Farid S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Haddad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001000:Ants; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation; D017792:Surgical Stapling / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000266:history* / Q000295:instrumentation; D013537:Sutures / Q000266:history*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery