title: Circulating cytokines and risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: a prospective study.
abstract: Cytokines play important roles in B-cell activation, proliferation, and apoptosis, thus may be etiologically related to risk of B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (B-NHL). However, the association between circulating levels of cytokines and B-NHL risk has not been prospectively studied in non-HIV populations. The objective of this study was to assess this association by conducting a case-control study nested within a prospective cohort of non-HIV-infected, healthy women. Fifteen cytokines were measured in samples collected a median of 8.2 years prior to diagnosis in 92 cases and two matched controls per case. Only cytokines that showed adequate temporal reproducibility over a two-year period were included. The odds ratio (OR) for the highest tertile relative to the lowest was elevated for soluble IL-2 receptor (sIL-2R) (OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.4-4.7, p (trend) < 0.01) and decreased for IL-13 (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.2-1.0, p (trend) = 0.05). Three other cytokines were marginally associated with risk of B-NHL: TNF-alpha (OR = 1.7, 95% CI = 0.9-3.3, p (trend) = 0.11), sTNF-R2 (OR = 1.9, 95% CI = 0.9-3.5, p (trend) = 0.06), and IL-5 (OR = 0.5, 95% CI = 0.3-1.0, p (trend) = 0.06). No association was observed between B-NHL risk and levels of the other cytokines measured (IL-1beta, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, IL-12p70, CRP and sTNF-R1). This study suggests that dysregulated cytokines may be involved in B-NHL development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, 650 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016-3240, USA.
authors.forename: Yian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Roy E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Shore
authors.forename: Alan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: Mengling
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sherif
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lokshin
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines