title: Social communication deficits in disruptive primary-school children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Parent and teacher data, from questionnaire surveys, suggest that school-identified disruptive children often have pragmatic language deficits of an autistic type.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This replication study aimed to confirm earlier findings, using individual clinical assessment to investigate traits of autism-spectrum disorder in disruptive children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Persistently disruptive children (n = 26) and a comparison group (n = 22) were recruited from primary schools in a deprived inner-city area. Measures included standardised autism diagnostic interviews (with parents) and tests of IQ, social cognition, theory of mind and attention (with children).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The disruptive children possessed poorer pragmatic language skills (P<0.0001) and mentalising abilities (P<0.05) than comparisons. Nine disruptive children (35%) met ICD-10 criteria for atypical autism or Asperger syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many persistently disruptive children have undetected disorders of social communication, which are of potential aetiological significance.
authors.affiliation: Behavioural and Brain Sciences Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London WC1N 1EH, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Donno
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilmour
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Skuse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D003142:Communication; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008131:London; D008297:Male; D011204:Poverty Areas; D011594:Psychometrics; D012938:Social Perception; D056345:Theory of Mind