title: Combined comparative and chemical proteomics on the mechanisms of levo-tetrahydropalmatine-induced antinociception in the formalin test.
abstract: This study investigated the mechanisms involved in the antinociceptive action induced by levo-tetrahydropalmatine (l-THP) in the formalin test by combined comparative and chemical proteomics. Rats were pretreated with l-THP by the oral route (40 mg/kg) 1 h before formalin injection. The antinociceptive effect of l-THP was shown in the first and second phases of the formalin test. To address the mechanisms by which l-THP inhibits formalin-induced nociception in rats, the combined comparative and chemical proteomics were applied. A novel high-throughput comparative proteomic approach based on 2D-nano-LC-MS/MS was applied to simultaneously evaluate the deregulated proteins involved in the response of l-THP treatment in formalin-induced pain rats. Thousands of proteins were identified, among which 17 proteins survived the stringent filter criteria and were further included for functional discussion. Two proteins (Neurabin-1 and Calcium-dependent secretion activator 1) were randomly selected, and their expression levels were further confirmed by Western Blots. The results matched well with those of proteomics. In the present study, we also described the development and application of l-THP immobilized beads to bind the targets. Following incubation with cellular lysates, the proteome interacting with the fixed l-THP was identified. The results of comparative and chemical proteomics were quite complementary. Although the precise roles of these identified moleculars in l-THP-induced antinociception need further study, the combined results indicated that proteins associated with signal transduction, vesicular trafficking and neurotransmitter release, energy metabolism, and ion transport play important roles in l-THP-induced antinociception in the formalin test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jiangrui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shuowen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mingliang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Guorong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Hanfa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000187:drug effects*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000099273:Neurabins
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000099273:Neurabins; C485812:Cadps protein, rat; C014215:tetrahydropalmatine