title: Clinical impact of intraoperative frozen sections during nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Enhanced surgical techniques and standardised selection criteria have led to a higher rate of nerve-sparing (NS) radical prostatectomy (RP) procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of intraoperative frozen sections (IFS) during nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy (NSRP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thousand and eighty-three patients with localised prostatic carcinoma were treated using retropubic RP (from 2004 to 2006). Two hundred and eighty-seven of the 1083 documented cases received NS. One hundred and thirty procedures were carried out with IFS from the area of the neurovascular bundles and 157 without IFS. The decision to use IFS was made intraoperatively and based on clinical suspicion of possible positive resection margins in the area of the bundles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the NS group with IFS, the results revealed positive margins in nine (6.9%) out of 130 cases, resulting in subsequent resection of the ipsilateral neurovascular bundle. The final histological report on this group revealed four additional patients (3.1%) with positive margins, but only one (0.7%) in the area of the previous neurovascular bundle. The final histopathologic reports on the 157 NS cases without IFS showed that the positive margin was in the area of the previous neurovascular bundle in only one (0.6%) of the nine cases with positive margins (5.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to our data, there is no need for routine IFS during NSRP. The negative predictive value for infiltration of the NVB is high, and IFS can be dispensed with. Intraoperative biopsies should be taken in those cases where the surgeon is in doubt about the resection margins in the area of bundles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, UMM, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, 68165, Mannheim, Germany. elmar.heinrich@umm.de
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Heinrich
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schön
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schiefelbein
authors.forename: Maurice Stephan
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trojan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005629:Frozen Sections / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000175:diagnosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies