title: [Gastrointestinal stromal tumours: clinico-morphological features, pathogenesis and modern treatment strategies].
abstract: Gastrointestinal stromal tumours (GIST) are the commonest mesenchymal tumours of gastrointestinal organs accounting for 1-3% of all gastrointestinal neoplasms and almost 5% of all soft tissue sarcomas. Most GIST (95%) express transmembrane receptor KIT or CD117, CD34 (70%), vimentin (80%), specific smooth muscle and neurogenic markers (with different frequency). Up to 85% of the stromal tumours have mutations in the KIT gene (exones 9, 11, 13, 17) and 3-18% in the PDGFRA (platelet-derived growth factor receptor-alpha) gene (exones 12, 14, 18). Mutations are absent in 5% of KITand PDGFRA genes. Mutational status, mitotic index, size and location of the tumour are the most informative criteria for the choice of treatment strategy and prognosis of the disease.
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Stilidi
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Arkhiri
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Anurova
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Mazurenko
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm