title: Accelerated senescence of endothelial progenitor cells in hypertension is related to the reduction of calcitonin gene-related peptide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore whether the accelerated senescence of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) is related to the reduction of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in hypertension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In-vivo studies, plasma levels of CGRP and the number of senescent EPCs were measured in hypertensive humans and animals, from which the EPCs were isolated to examine the production of CGRP. Moreover, rutaecarpine, as an agent or tool to stimulate CGRP production, was used in hypertensive animals. The effects of rutaecarpine on angiotensin II-induced EPCs senescence were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that the number of circulating senescent EPCs was significantly increased in hypertension concomitantly with the decreased plasma level of CGRP and the decreased CGRP mRNA expression in EPCs. Administration of rutaecarpine reversed EPC senescence along with an elevation in CGRP production in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In the angiotensin II-induced EPCs senescence, the CGRP mRNA expression was reduced, which was reversed by rutaecarpine. The effect of rutaecarpine on EPCs was canceled in the presence of capsazepine, a selective antagonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that CGRP may work as an endogenous protective substance to counteract EPCs senescence in hypertension and the accelerated EPCs senescence in hypertension was related to the reduction of CGRP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Chen-Jing
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ting-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chang-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuan-Jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D026121:Indole Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics; D052999:Quinazolinones
chemical_list: D000804:Angiotensin II; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D002211:Capsaicin; D017931:DNA Primers; D026121:Indole Alkaloids; D011799:Quinazolines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494482:TRPV1 protein, human; C028632:rutecarpine; D052999:Quinazolinones; C071423:capsazepine