title: [The diagnosis and therapy of acute upper limbs deep venous thrombosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conclude the experience of diagnosis and therapy, the effect analysis and the prognosis factors of acute upper limbs deep venous thrombosis (ULDVT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed the etiological factor, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, therapy and prognosis of 28 patients treated for acute ULDVT admitted in our hospital between 1988 and 2009. The patients were divided into two groups according to the time of admission and management in hospital. Group I, from 1988 to 1998, and group II, from 1999 to 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 28 patients diagnosed as acute ULDVT, which was 8.1% of lower limbs deep venous thrombosis in synchronization. There were 14 men and 14 women, and the mean age was 46.1 years. 17 patients developed in left upper limbs, and 11 patients developed in right upper limbs. There were 9 patients in group I and 19 in group II. A significant difference was observed between two groups in their risk factors, primary and secondary cause. 8 patients (28.6%) were relevant to venepuncture catheterization, and 13 patients (46.4%) have tumors. There is clear difference between the two groups in the way of primary disease and risk Factors, which means that the probability of ULDVT caused by malignant tumors or other factors in group II is apparently higher than group I, and the prognosis of group II is worse compared with group I. All the patients in the group were made a definite diagnosis by ultrasound, after that our policy were thrombolysis and anticoagulation followed by Warfarin oral administration for 6 months. All the conditions of the patients were well improved, and the symptoms were relieved obviously and discharged. The mean follow-up duration was 2.2 years. 2 recurred, 1 was pulmonary infarction, and 6 was died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of ULDVT is much lower than LLDVT. The motivations are blood hypercoagulable state, such as tumor, vein catheterization etc. The final diagnosis is mostly based on clinical manifestation combined with ultrasound. Thrombolysis, anticoagulation in time have an obvious therapy effect. After that the anticoagulation therapy through oral administration can prevent recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, First Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China.
authors.forename: Shao-ye
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guang-xin
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhi-quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Shi-jie
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Xin
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D034941:Upper Extremity; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*