title: Acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with multiple myeloma.
abstract: Acquired or secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a life-threatening hyperinflammation syndrome caused mostly by various infectious agents, autoimmune disorders or malignancy. So far, only anecdotal cases of sHLH associated with multiple myeloma have been published. We provide a review of all these reports and include a previously not published case of myeloma-associated sHLH in a 59-year-old male with complex partial epilepsy. Due to aggressive course of sHLH, increased awareness is indicated in all patients with malignancies which develop unremitting fever, cytopenia and splenomegaly. Early diagnosis and immediate introduction of adequate therapy is crucial for the outcome of HLH.
authors.affiliation: Hematology Center Karolinska, M54, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. maciej.machaczka@ki.se
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Machaczka
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vaktnäs
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klimkowska
authors.forename: Hareth
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nahi
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hägglund
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051359:Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone