title: Moxibustion for ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is increasingly used for treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Acupuncture-type treatments are among the most popular options. Several studies have reported that moxibustion is effective in ulcerative colitis (UC). The objective of this review was to assess the clinical evidence for or against moxibustion as a treatment for UC.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the literature using 18 databases from their inception to February 10, 2010, without language restrictions. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs), in which human patients with UC were treated with moxibustion. Studies were included if they were placebo-controlled or controlled against a drug therapy or no treatment group. The methodological quality of all RCTs was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, five RCTs were included. All were of low methodological quality. They compared the effects of moxibustion with conventional drug therapy. Three tested moxibustion against sulfasalazine and two against sulfasalazine plus other drugs. A meta-analysis of five RCTs showed favorable effects of moxibustion on the response rate compared to conventional drug therapy (n = 407; risk ratio = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.11 to 1.38; P < 0.0001; heterogeneity: I2 = 16%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current evidence is insufficient to show that moxibustion is an effective treatment of UC. Most of included trials had high risk of bias. More rigorous studies seem warranted.
authors.affiliation: Division of Standard Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Hyo
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-In
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myeong Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae-Young
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sun-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Edzard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ernst
mesh_terms: D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009071:Moxibustion / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome