title: Effect of different finishing techniques for restorative materials on surface roughness and bacterial adhesion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The formation of biofilm and bacterial accumulation on dental materials may lead to the development of gingival inflammation and secondary caries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different surface finishing and polishing methods on surface roughness and the adhesion of S. mutans bacteria to 2 new-generation indirect composite resins, 1 direct composite resin, and 1 ceramic material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty specimens (10 x 10 x 2 mm) of each material, indirect composite resins (SR Adoro, Estenia), direct composite resin (Tetric), and a ceramic material (VITABLOCS Mark II), were fabricated. Specimens were divided into 4 groups (n=10) that were treated with 1 of the following 4 surface finishing techniques: diamond rotary cutting instrument, sandpaper discs (Sof-Lex), silicone-carbide rubber points (Shofu), or a felt wheel with diamond paste. Surface roughness was measured with a profilometer. Test specimens were covered with artificial saliva and mucin to produce pellicle. Bacterial suspension (10(9) CFU/ml) was then added to the pellicle-coated specimens, and bacterial adhesion was determined using a confocal laser microscope and image analyzing program. Data were analyzed with 2-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey HSD test, Pearson correlation, and regression analysis (alpha=.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest surface roughness values were recorded in SR Adoro and diamond rotary cutting instrument groups. The lowest vital S. mutans adhesion was seen in the ceramic group and in SR Adoro indirect composite resin (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial adhesion to indirect composite resin materials differed from that to ceramic material after surface treatments. A positive correlation was observed between surface roughness and the vital S. mutans adhesion.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Selcuk University, Konya 42079, Turkey. faykent@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Filiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aykent
authors.forename: Isa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yondem
authors.forename: Atilla G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ozyesil
authors.forename: Solen K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Gunal
authors.forename: Mustafa C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Avunduk
authors.forename: Semiha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D003188:Composite Resins; D044622:Dental Pellicle; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000379:methods*; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D008422:Materials Testing; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003776:Dental Porcelain