Comparative metabolomics charts the impact of genotype-dependent methionine accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Methionine (Met) is an essential amino acid for all organisms. In plants, Met also functions as a precursor of plant hormones, polyamines, and defense metabolites. The regulatory mechanism of Met biosynthesis is highly complex and, despite its great importance, remains unclear. To investigate how accumulation of Met influences metabolism as a whole in Arabidopsis, three methionine over-accumulation (mto) mutants were examined using a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-based metabolomics approach. Multivariate statistical analyses of the three mto mutants (mto1, mto2, and mto3) revealed distinct metabolomic phenotypes. Orthogonal projection to latent structures-discriminant analysis highlighted discriminative metabolites contributing to the separation of each mutant and the corresponding control samples. Though Met accumulation in mto1 had no dramatic effect on other metabolic pathways except for the aspartate family, metabolite profiles of mto2 and mto3 indicated that several extensive pathways were affected in addition to over-accumulation of Met. The pronounced changes in metabolic pathways in both mto2 and mto3 were associated with polyamines. The findings suggest that our metabolomics approach not only can reveal the impact of Met over-accumulation on metabolism, but also may provide clues to identify crucial pathways for regulation of metabolism in plants.
Kusano
Miyako
M
RIKEN Plant Science Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Fukushima
Atsushi
A
Redestig
Henning
H
Kobayashi
Makoto
M
Otsuki
Hitomi
H
Onouchi
Hitoshi
H
Naito
Satoshi
S
Hirai
Masami Yokota
MY
Saito
Kazuki
K
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D055432:Metabolomics; D008715:Methionine / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified
D000596:Amino Acids; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D008715:Methionine