title: Association between APOE epsilon4 allele and vascular dementia: The Cache County study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The APOE epsilon4 allele is an established risk factor for Alzheimer's disease, but reports of its association with vascular dementia (VaD) have been inconsistent. We examined the relationship between APOE epsilon4 allele and the risk of incident VaD in a large, population-based cohort of elderly adults with up to 10 years of follow-up between 1995 and 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3,424 elderly men and women free of dementia were genotyped at the baseline assessment. Incident VaD was identified through standardized procedures administered at 3 follow-up assessments. Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the risk of VaD associated with APOE epsilon4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The adjusted hazard ratio was 1.6 for the participants with 1 APOE epsilon4 allele (95% CI: 0.9-2.7; p = 0.083) and 4.4 for those with 2 APOE epsilon4 alleles (95% CI: 1.6-12.5; p = 0.005). The increased risk did not appear to be mediated by vascular risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The APOE epsilon4 allele is associated with an increased risk of VaD in a dose-dependent fashion and accounts for almost 20% of VaD in the population.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Yi-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: Joann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tschanz
authors.forename: John C S
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Breitner
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Welsh-Bohmer
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Zandi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4 / Q000235:genetics*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014589:Utah / Q000453:epidemiology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4