title: Relationship of the polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio to cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome in Japanese: the INTERLIPID study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There have been few studies on the relationships of the dietary polyunsaturated to saturated fatty acid ratio (P/S) to cardiovascular risk factors and metabolic syndrome. We hypothesized that there would be favorable relationships.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metabolic cardiovascular risk factors from dietary nutrient intake were investigated in 1,004 men and women aged 40-59 years from 4 population samples of Japanese. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship of the dietary P/S ratio to the following risk factors: hemoglobin A1c, blood pressure, serum triglycerides, LDL and total cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol. Adjusted odds ratio of having metabolic syndrome was also calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dietary P/S ratio was significantly and inversely related to serum total and LDL cholesterol with control for possible confounding variables. We did not find any significant relationship between the P/S ratio and single metabolic risk factors or the prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Managing the P/S ratio is important to control serum LDL-cholesterol; however, increasing the P/S ratio may not improve metabolic risk factors. Other countermeasures, such as weight control, greater physical activity, and smoking cessation should be recommended to prevent and control metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan. guozhao@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Tanvir Chowdhury
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Turin
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hozawa
authors.forename: Nagako
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Kiyomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshita
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadowaki
authors.forename: Sohel R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Choudhury
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Beatriz L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Curb
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Jeremiah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stamler
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueshima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D014280:Triglycerides; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human