title: Klinefelter's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis: report of a case and review of the literature.
abstract: Kilnefelter's syndrome (KFS) tends to be associated with autoimmune diseases. Although several reports describe association of KFS with different autoimmune diseases, association with rheumatoid arthritis is very rare. We report a case of (KFS) who had seropositive erosive rheumatoid arthritis, and discuss the role of sex hormones/X chromosome in the pathogenesis of disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Rheumatology Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. hfarfaj@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hussein F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Al-Arfaj
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones