title: Association between length of storage of red blood cell units and outcome of critically ill children: a prospective observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transfusion is a common treatment in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs). Studies in adults suggest that prolonged storage of red blood cell units is associated with worse clinical outcome. No prospective study has been conducted in children. Our objectives were to assess the clinical impact of the length of storage of red blood cell units on clinical outcome of critically ill children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational study conducted in 30 North American centers, in consecutive patients aged <18 years with a stay >or= 48 hours in a PICU. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome after transfusion. The secondary outcomes were 28-day mortality and PICU length of stay. Odds ratios were adjusted for gender, age, number of organ dysfunctions at admission, total number of transfusions, and total dose of transfusion, using a multiple logistic regression model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median length of storage was 14 days in 296 patients with documented length of storage. For patients receiving blood stored >or= 14 days, the adjusted odds ratio for an increased incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome was 1.87 (95% CI 1.04;3.27, P = 0.03). There was also a significant difference in the total PICU length of stay (adjusted median difference +3.7 days, P < 0.001) and no significant change in mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In critically ill children, transfusion of red blood cell units stored for >or= 14 days is independently associated with an increased occurrence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome and prolonged PICU stay.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Critical Care Unit, CHU Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, 3175 chemin de la Côte Sainte-Catherine, Montreal, Canada. oliver.karam@bigo.ch
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: Scot T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ducruet
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Spinella
authors.forename: Adrienne G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Randolph
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lacroix
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016638:Critical Illness; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008421:Materials Management, Hospital; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States