Posttranslational modifications of NF-kappaB: another layer of regulation for NF-kappaB signaling pathway.
The eukaryotic transcription factor NF-kappaB regulates a wide range of host genes that control the inflammatory and immune responses, programmed cell death, cell proliferation and differentiation. The activation of NF-kappaB is tightly controlled both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. While the upstream cytoplasmic regulatory events for the activation of NF-kappaB are well studied, much less is known about the nuclear regulation of NF-kappaB. Emerging evidence suggests that NF-kappaB undergoes a variety of posttranslational modifications, and that these modifications play a key role in determining the duration and strength of NF-kappaB nuclear activity as well as its transcriptional output. Here we summarize the recent advances in our understanding of the posttranslational modifications of NF-kappaB, the interplay between the various modifications, and the physiological relevance of these modifications.
Huang
Bo
B
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
Yang
Xiao-Dong
XD
Lamb
Acacia
A
Chen
Lin-Feng
LF
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000378:metabolism*
D016328:NF-kappa B; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA