title: Evaluation and management for carotid dissection in patients presenting after choking or strangulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carotid dissection (CD) is often overlooked as a concern in strangulation and choking cases. When the diagnosis is considered, the question remains what is the best means of evaluation, and which imaging study should be obtained.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the literature for evaluation of choking- and strangulation-related injuries and their association with CD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article will review the literature on blunt carotid injuries, with particular attention to subjects with choking and strangulation mechanisms of injury, and will include important physical findings, when and which radiographic evaluations are indicated, and treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although rare, CD can occur after strangulation and choking. When suspected, evaluation should include imaging studies including computed tomography angiography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego Medical Center, San Diego, California 92103, USA.
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Vilke
authors.forename: Theodore C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000150:complications*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001237:Asphyxia / Q000150:complications; D020215:Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011859:Radiography; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants