title: [Expression of B7-H1/PD-1 in mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the expression of B7-H1/PD-1 and the localization of these proteins in human sinus mucosa of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight patients with CRS (17 with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and 11 without (CRSsNP)) and 11 control patients were recruited. B7-H1/PD-1 expressions in sinus mucosa among these 3 groups were detected by immunofluorescent staining, real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot. Flow cytometry was also employed to identify the type of B7-H1 or PD-1 positive cells in nasal polyps.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with normal mucosa, B7-H1/PD-1 mRNA was highly expressed in sinonasal mucosa of CRSwNP and CRSsNP (P < 0.01). There was no difference between CRSwNP and CRSsNP (P > 0.05). The protein level of B7-H1/PD-1 was similar to mRNA level. As indicated by immunofluorescent assay, B7-H1 was mainly expressed in sinonasal epithelial cells, submucosal gland cells and inflammatory cells within the subepithelial layer while PD-1 was expressed in inflammatory cells within the subepithelial layer. The B7-H1 or PD-1 positive cells in nasal polyps were partially CD19+ B cells and CD3+ T cells respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  B7-H1/PD-1 is up-regulated in sinus mucosa of CRS. B7-H1/PD-1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of CRS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
authors.forename: Lu-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun-quan
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D060890:B7-H1 Antigen; C423236:CD274 protein, human