title: Emotional processing in bipolar disorder: behavioural and neuroimaging findings.
abstract: Existing studies revealed that bipolar patients show an altered identification of emotional stimuli (e.g. facial expressions), however, so far modifications in early emotional processes and the regulation of emotions are less clear. In response to emotional stimuli bipolar patients show a dysfunction in a ventral-limbic brain network including the amygdala, insula, striatum, subgenual cingulate cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex and orbitofrontal cortex. In most studies, a relative hypoactivity of dorsal brain structures, including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the dorsal anterior cingulate and the posterior cingulate cortex, has been reported in bipolar patients. This imbalance between the two networks has been proposed to underlie deficient emotion regulation in bipolar disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Research Group Emotional Processing in Bipolar Disorder, Central Institute of Mental Health, 68159 Mannheim, Germany. michele.wessa@zi-mannheim.de
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wessa
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Linke
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008032:Limbic System / Q000503:physiopathology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000503:physiopathology; D018187:Personal Construct Theory; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology