title: Mesh graft infection following abdominal hernia repair: risk factor evaluation and strategies of mesh graft preservation. A retrospective analysis of 476 operations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mesh graft infection after prosthetic hernia repair is a challenging complication usually treated by mesh removal. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with mesh infection and to assess the efficacy of conservative wound therapy in preserving an infected mesh.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective analysis of 476 consecutive patients with incisional hernia who received mesh graft repair between February 1, 2000 and February 28, 2005 at our institution using chart review and clinical investigation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one of 476 (6.5%) patients developed a deep surgical site infection involving the implanted mesh graft. Upon multivariate analysis, operation time was the only significant risk factor associated with mesh infection (p = 0.0038). Seventeen (55%) of 31 infected mesh grafts were preserved by conservative means. There was a significant association between the type of mesh graft used and the probability of mesh preservation in case of infection: While conservative therapy led to preservation of 100% of infected polyglactin/polypropylene meshes, only 20% of infected polypropylene and 23% of infected PTFE/polypropylene meshes could be salvaged using conservative means (p < 0.0001). In none of the patients with preserved mesh graft was hernia recurrence at the former site of infection observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Operation time is the only significant risk factor associated with mesh graft infection following incisional hernia repair. Conservative treatment should be applied in case of infection of absorbable mesh grafts such as polypropylene/polyglactin, while nonabsorbable meshes such as PTFE/polypropylene or pure polypropylene are much less amenable to conservative treatment, usually requiring early surgical removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stremitzer
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bachleitner-Hofmann
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gradl
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gruenbeck
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bachleitner-Hofmann
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mittlboeck
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergmann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D046449:Hernia, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054843:Negative-Pressure Wound Therapy; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*