Fish oil in feeds for entire male and female pigs: changes in muscle fatty acid composition and stability of sensory quality.
A total of 72 crossbred [(Norwegian Landrace x Yorkshire) x Duroc] male and female growing-finishing pigs were restrictedly fed diets containing fish oil to study the fatty acid composition of Musculus longissimusdorsi and sensory quality of belly and neck. Six diets were used: two low-fat diets with or without 0.5% fish oil added, and four medium-fat diets with palm kernel oil to fish oil in ratios given as % inclusion: 4.1:0.0, 3.9:0.3, 3.6:0.5 and 3.4:0.7. Feeding fish oil gave a dose-dependent response between fatty acids in the diets and in the M.longissimusdorsi and increased the level of very long chain n-3 fatty acids, especially the C22:5n-3 (DPA). A more efficient n-3 fatty acids deposition was obtained when given as a medium-fat diet rather than the low-fat diet. Female pigs had a significant higher percentage of monounsaturated fatty acids and C18:1 than males suggesting a gender related difference in the delta-9-desaturase activity. No significant differences were found in sensory attributes for short-term stored neck and belly. For pigs fed the highest level of fish oil (0.7%) long-term stored (12 months at -80 degrees C, 6 months at -20 degrees C) belly showed a slight increase in fish oil flavour. After warmed-over treatment, fish oil odour and flavour as well as rancid flavour were increased in this group. The results suggest levels of dietary fish oil up to 0.5% produce a healthier meat fatty acid composition, without negative effects on sensory attributes, even in long-termed stored belly.
Hallenstvedt
E
E
Felleskjøpet Fôrutvikling, Bromstadveien 57, N-7005 Trondheim, Norway. elin.hallenstvedt@fkf.no
Kjos
N P
NP
Rehnberg
A C
AC
Overland
M
M
Thomassen
M
M
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils; D005519:Food Preservation; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009812:Odorants; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D012677:Sensation; D012737:Sex Factors; D013552:Swine; D013649:Taste
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases