title: Sitagliptin (MK0431) inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase IV decreases nonobese diabetic mouse CD4+ T-cell migration through incretin-dependent and -independent pathways.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatment of NOD mice with the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitor sitagliptin preserved islet transplants through a pathway involving modulation of splenic CD4(+) T-cell migration. In the current study, effects of sitagliptin on migration of additional subsets of CD4(+) T-cells were examined and underlying molecular mechanisms were further defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Effects of sitagliptin on migration of NOD mouse splenic, thymic, and lymph node CD4(+) T-cells were determined. Signaling modules involved in DPP-IV-, Sitagliptin- and incretin-mediated modulation of CD4(+) T-cell migration were studied using Western blot and Rac1 and nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activity assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Migration of splenic and lymph node CD4(+) T-cells of diabetic NOD mice was reduced by sitagliptin treatment. In vitro treatment of splenic, but not thymic or lymph node CD4(+) T-cells, from nondiabetic NOD mice with soluble (s) DPP-IV increased migration. Sitagliptin abolished sDPP-IV effects on splenic CD4(+) T-cell migration, whereas incretins decreased migration of lymph node, but not splenic, CD4(+) T-cells. Splenic CD4(+) T-cells demonstrating increased in vitro migration in response to sDPP-IV and lymph node CD4(+) T-cells that were nonresponsive to incretins selectively infiltrated islets of NOD mice, after injection. Sitagliptin decreases migration of splenic CD4(+) T-cells through a pathway involving Rac1/vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein, whereas its inhibitory effects on the migration of lymph node CD4(+) T-cells involve incretin-activation of the NF-kappaB pathway.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Benefits of sitagliptin treatment in diabetic NOD mice may be mediated through selective effects on subpopulations of T-cells that are related to autoimmunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences and Diabetes Research Group, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Cuilan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nian
authors.forename: Christopher H S
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: McIntosh
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000378:metabolism*; D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D054795:Incretins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D054873:Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors; D054795:Incretins; D011719:Pyrazines; D014230:Triazoles; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4; D000068900:Sitagliptin Phosphate