title: A design and evaluation of layered matrix tablet formulations of metoprolol tartrate.
abstract: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the performance of different swellable polymers in the form of layered matrix tablets to provide controlled therapeutic effect of metoprolol tartrate for twice daily administration. Seven different swellable polymers (carrageenan, hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, pectin, guar gum, xanthan gum, chitosan, and ethyl cellulose) were evaluated alone or in combination as release-retardant layer. Tablets were tested for weight variation, hardness, diameter/thickness ratio, friability, and drug content uniformity and subjected to in vitro drug-release studies. In addition, the target-release profile of metoprolol tartrate was plotted using its clinical pharmacokinetic data, and the release profiles of the tablets were evaluated in relation to the plotted target release profile. Carrageenan was determined as the best polymer in two-layered matrix tablet formulations due to its better accordance to the target release profile and was selected for preparing three-layered matrix tablets. Carrageenan formulations exhibited super case II release mechanism. Accelerated stability testing was performed on two- and three-layered matrix tablet formulations of carrageenan. The tablets were stored at 25 degrees C/60% relative humidity and 40 degrees C/75% relative humidity for 6 months and examined for physical appearance, drug content, and release characteristics. At the end of the storage time, formulations showed no change either in physical appearance, drug content, or drug-release profile. These results demonstrated the suitability of three-layered tablet formulation of carrageenan to provide controlled release and improved linearity for metoprolol tartrate in comparison to two-layered tablet formulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. esra.baloglu@ege.edu.tr
authors.forename: Esra
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baloğlu
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senyiğit
mesh_terms: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004058:Diffusion; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D006244:Hardness; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers; D013607:Tablets; D008790:Metoprolol