title: Perspectives for novel mixed diruthenium-organic drugs as metallopharmaceuticals in cancer therapy.
abstract: Ruthenium compounds have been actively studied as metallodrugs for cancer therapy. Representatives of ruthenium-based antitumor drugs are the classes of ruthenium(III)-chlorido-(N-ligand) complexes, including the drugs namely NAMI-A and KP1019 in clinical trials, and ruthenium(II)-arene organometallics, with some compounds currently undergoing advanced preclinical testing. An alternative approach for tumor-inhibiting metallodrugs is the coordination of metal ions to organic pharmaceuticals. The combination of antitumor-active ruthenium ion with biologically-active pro-ligands in single compounds can result in the enhancement of activity, for example through synergistic effects. In the present article, some developments in the ruthenium-based antitumor drugs field are briefly highlighted and recent studies on mixed diruthenium-organic drugs as metallopharmaceuticals in cancer therapy are described. Novel organic pharmaceuticals-containing diruthenium(II,III) complexes have shown promising antitumor activity for C6 rat glioma - a model for glioblastoma multiforme (GBA).
authors.affiliation: Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. deosilva@iq.usp.br
authors.forename: Denise de Oliveira
authors.initials: Dde O
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007191:Indazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008024:Ligands; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D012428:Ruthenium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007191:Indazoles; D008024:Ligands; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; C113661:imidazolium-bis(imidazole)dimethylsulfoxideimidazotetrachlororuthenate(III); C499292:indazolium trans-(tetrachlorobis(1H-indazole)ruthenate (III)); D012428:Ruthenium; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide