title: Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in peritoneal dialysis: a comparison between high and low peritoneal transporters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High transport status is reported to be associated with increased mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD). It has been hypothesized that this might be a result of a state of chronic inflammation and increased oxidative stress. We performed this pilot study to explore this hypothesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on the standard peritoneal equilibration test, PD patients were divided in two transporter groups: LOW (Low + Low average) and HIGH (High + High Average). Markers of inflammation and oxidative stress were compared between the two groups, including C-reactive protein (CRP), plasma apoptogenic potential, monocyte HLA DR expression, Advanced Oxidative Protein Products (AOPP) and reactive carbonyl residues (RCO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 42 patients (34 male/8 female) studied, 8 patients were LOW and 34 were HIGH transporters. Median values of CRP (1.39 vs. 0.62 mg/L), plasma apoptogenic potential (15 vs. 14.5%), AOPP (118.36 vs. 113.86 micromol/L) and RCO (1.72 vs. 1.13 nmol/mg protein) were similar among LOW and HIGH transporters. However HIGH transporters had significantly lower monocyte HLA DR expression (mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) -197.89 vs. 124.98 units, p=0.02) compared with LOW transporters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stable chronic PD patients with high peritoneal transport status have reduced monocyte HLA-DR expression, a biomarker of increased risk for infections. This could potentially contribute to a higher risk of mortality in this group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy.
authors.forename: Dinna N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Sachin S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Soni
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Polanco
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bobek
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Corradi
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Cal
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ronco
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001692:Biological Transport; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D002097:C-Reactive Protein