title: Effects of cadmium stress on alternative oxidase and photosystem II in three wheat cultivars.
abstract: The effects of Cd stress (200 micromol/L, 8 days) on respiration and photosynthesis of three wheat cultivars were investigated: Chuanyu 12 (CY12), Chuanmai 42 (CM42), and Chuanmai 47 (CM47). Fifteen-day-old seedlings were exposed to 200 micromol/L CdCl2 for 4 days and 8 days, respectively. The results indicated that Cd was accumulated largely in roots, but little in leaves of all three cultivars. CY12 accumulated the highest level of Cd in roots and showed the weakest resistance. On the contrary, the other two cultivars, CM42 and CM47, adapted better to Cd stress, and their thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) contents were lower than in CY12, but the chlorophyll contents and water contents were higher than in CY12. Additionally, Cd stress prompted the alternative oxidase (AOX) activity and upregulated the cyanide-resistant respiration in CM42 and CM47 after 8 days; no such induction was observed for CY12. The CO2 assimilation rate, leaf stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence were inhibited by Cd stress in all cultivars, but more severe in the CY12 cultivar. Western blots indicated that the content of the photosystem II proteins LHCII and D1 decreased in CY12, but did not change in CM42 and CM47. While the content of the mitochondrial AOX protein increased markedly in CM42 and CM47, it did not in CY12. These results suggested that AOX and LHCII could be regarded as indicators of plant's resistance to heavy metals.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Science, Chifeng University, Chifeng 024000, China.
authors.forename: Yong-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Shi-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Wen-Qiang
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhong-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yang-Er
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Hong-Hui
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003624:Darkness; D005740:Gases / Q000378:metabolism; D018525:Germination; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000502:physiology; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014908:Triticum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D002734:Chlorophyll; D005740:Gases; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase