title: DNA damage and repair: fruit and vegetable effects in a feeding trial.
abstract: Epidemiologic studies have examined the association between fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and the risk of cancer. Several cancer-preventive mechanisms have been proposed, such as antioxidant properties and modulation of biotransformation enzyme activities; both may be associated with reducing DNA damage and hence the mutation rate. We investigated, in a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding trial, the effect of 10 servings/day of botanically defined F&V for 2 wk on endogenous DNA damage; resistance to gamma -irradiation damage; and DNA repair capacity in lymphocytes, measured by the Comet assay. We also explored the association between the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism and serum bilirubin concentrations and DNA damage and repair measures. Healthy men (n = 11) and women (n = 17), age 20 to 40 yr, provided blood samples at the end of each feeding period. Overall, F&V did not affect DNA damage and repair measures in lymphocytes. The number of UGT1A1*28 alleles was inversely associated with sensitivity to gamma -irradiation exposure and DNA repair capacity, but a biological mechanism to explain this association is unclear. A larger sample size is needed to investigate the association between bilirubin concentrations and endogenous DNA damage. With inconsistent findings in the literature, additional dietary intervention studies on the effect of F&V on DNA damage and repair are needed.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Jyh-Lurn
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cornelia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: Irena B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Shiuying
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Johanna W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lampe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014675:Vegetables; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
chemical_list: D001663:Bilirubin; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme