DNA damage and repair: fruit and vegetable effects in a feeding trial.
Epidemiologic studies have examined the association between fruit and vegetable (F&V) consumption and the risk of cancer. Several cancer-preventive mechanisms have been proposed, such as antioxidant properties and modulation of biotransformation enzyme activities; both may be associated with reducing DNA damage and hence the mutation rate. We investigated, in a randomized, controlled, crossover feeding trial, the effect of 10 servings/day of botanically defined F&V for 2 wk on endogenous DNA damage; resistance to gamma -irradiation damage; and DNA repair capacity in lymphocytes, measured by the Comet assay. We also explored the association between the UGT1A1*28 polymorphism and serum bilirubin concentrations and DNA damage and repair measures. Healthy men (n = 11) and women (n = 17), age 20 to 40 yr, provided blood samples at the end of each feeding period. Overall, F&V did not affect DNA damage and repair measures in lymphocytes. The number of UGT1A1*28 alleles was inversely associated with sensitivity to gamma -irradiation exposure and DNA repair capacity, but a biological mechanism to explain this association is unclear. A larger sample size is needed to investigate the association between bilirubin concentrations and endogenous DNA damage. With inconsistent findings in the literature, additional dietary intervention studies on the effect of F&V on DNA damage and repair are needed.
Chang
Jyh-Lurn
JL
University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Chen
Gang
G
Ulrich
Cornelia M
CM
Bigler
Jeannette
J
King
Irena B
IB
Schwarz
Yvonne
Y
Li
Shiuying
S
Li
Lin
L
Potter
John D
JD
Lampe
Johanna W
JW
D000328:Adult; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014675:Vegetables; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
D001663:Bilirubin; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme