title: Review article: Thiazolidinediones and heart failure.
abstract: DM is an independent risk factor for the development of HF and its presence confers an adverse prognosis for those already diagnosed with HF.TZDs are potent insulin-sensitisers associated with a number of beneficial cardiovascular effects. However,TZDs increase renal sodium and water reabsorption, leading to fluid retention and overt signs of HF in patients with diabetes. Rosiglitazone has also been associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular mortality. However, pioglitazone may have macrovascular benefits. The majority of data on the cardiovascular safety of TZDs are based on non-cardovascular outcome trials and meta-analyses. Concerns regarding the risk of HF and cardiovascular safety of TZDs have led to restrictions on their use in patients with HF. This review addresses the latest evidence for HF with each of the TZD drugs currently available and reflects on the current guidelines regarding their prescription in at-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: The Northwest Heart and Transplant Centre, Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester M23 9LT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Parminder S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Chaggar
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Simon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D045162:Thiazolidinediones