title: Does estrogen directly modulate anti-müllerian hormone secretion in women?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether estrogen may modulate anti-müllerian hormone (AMH) expression in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility clinic of tertiary university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cycling infertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were taken at the early, middle, and late follicular phase in five groups: spontaneous cycle (n=10), ovulation induction with clomiphene-citrate (n=15) or gonadotropins (n=9), controlled ovarian hyperstimulation for IVF (COH-IVF; n=10) and in women who were treated with exogenous E2 for frozen-thawed embryo-transfer (FET) with no follicular development (n=20).
  
  
  METHODS
  AMH and E2 serum levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Basal serum AMH and E2 levels were similar in all groups. AMH levels were stable in all women during the follicular phase except for significant reduction in the COH-IVF group. In women in the FET group with high E2 levels, comparable to the COH-IVF group, AMH levels remained stable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In women, estrogen does not appear to have a direct role in AMH regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Hebrew University, Jeusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Gad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liberty
authors.forename: Avraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Chetrit
authors.forename: Ehud J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Margalioth
authors.forename: Jordana H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: Narine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galoyan
authors.forename: Talia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eldar-Geva
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone