title: Sustained release of vancomycin from a new biodegradable glue to prevent methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus graft infection.
abstract: Prosthetic graft infection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the most serious complications of cardiovascular surgery. Seeking to prevent graft infection, we evaluated the efficacy of a new biodegradable hydrogel glue (new-glue) composed of aldehyded dextran and epsilon-poly(L-lysine) which acts as a local sustained-release carrier of vancomycin. Rats (n=40) were implanted with 1-cm(2) Dacron grafts in the subcutaneous pockets. Groups (n=10 each) were as follows: no treatment (group A), topical vancomycin solution (group B), new-glue without vancomycin (group C) or new-glue containing 1 mg of vancomycin (group D). Twenty-four h after the implantation, 2.0x10(7) colony-forming units of MRSA was inoculated onto the graft surface. Seven days thereafter, the graft was sampled and cultured. The quantity of MRSA was significantly lower in group D than in the other groups (P<0.0001). About 95% of the total vancomycin was released from the new-glue over the 72 h experimental period, and the tissue concentration of vancomycin remained above the minimum inhibitory concentration for the MRSA strain throughout the experiment. This new vancomycin-containing glue effectively prevented prosthetic graft infection and thus may be a promising biodegradable drug vehicle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morishima
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marui
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yanagi
authors.forename: Takamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Suong-Hyu
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hyon
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakata
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D014640:Vancomycin