title: N-terminal pro-BNP is a novel biomarker for integrated cardio-renal burden and early risk stratification in patients admitted for cardiac emergency.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The expanding role of cardiac markers - cytosolic [heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP) and creatine kinase MB (CK-MB)], myofibril [troponin T (TnT)], and cardio-endocrine [N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)] - has been clarified in patients with acute coronary syndrome and those with heart failure. However, these applications for early risk stratification in the cardiac emergency, and the influence of renal function on these evaluations have not been fully investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the prognostic value of these representative cardiac markers and influence of renal function on these evaluations in 165 consecutive patients who were admitted for cardiac emergency because of chest pain or dyspnea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant correlations between TnT and CK-MB (r=0.512, p<0.001), and between H-FABP and TnT (r=0.409, p<0.001) and CK-MB (r=0.254, p<0.01); however, NT-proBNP levels did not show significant correlations with other cardiac markers. There were significant correlations between estimated glomerular filtration rate and NT-proBNP (r=-0.466, p<0.001) and H-FABP (r=-0.235, p<0.001) levels, and between left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and NT-proBNP (r=-0.407, p<0.001) and H-FABP (r=-0.253, p<0.01) levels. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that median of NT-proBNP, H-FABP, and CK-MB significantly discriminated in-hospital cardiovascular death, and multivariate analysis revealed NT-proBNP and LVEF as independent prognostic predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NT-proBNP is a novel biomarker for integrated cardio-renal burden, and extremely useful for early risk stratification in the situation of cardiac emergency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Teruyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuno
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis; D004630:Emergencies; D000074026:Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D013318:Stroke Volume; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C493408:FABP3 protein, human; D000074026:Fatty Acid Binding Protein 3; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D020107:Troponin T; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form