title: Effects of preload 4 repetition maximum on 100-m sprint times in collegiate women.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of postactivation potentiation (PAP) on track-sprint performance after a preload set of 4 repetition maximum (4RM) parallel back half-squat exercises in collegiate women. All subjects (n = 12) participated in 2 testing sessions over a 3-week period. During the first testing session, subjects performed the Controlled protocol consisting of a 4-minute standardized warm-up, followed by a 4-minute active rest, a 100-m track sprint, a second 4-minute active rest, finalized with a second 100-m sprint. The second testing session, the Treatment protocol, consisted of a 4-minute standardized warm-up, followed by 4-minute active rest, sprint, a second 4-minute active rest, a warm-up of 4RM parallel back half-squat, a third 9-minute active rest, finalized with a second sprint. The results indicated that there was a significant improvement of 0.19 seconds (p < 0.05), when the second sprint was preceded by a 4RM back-squat protocol during Treatment. The standardized effect size, d, was 0.82, indicating a large effect size. Additionally, the results indicated that it would be expected that mean sprint times would increase 0.04-0.34 seconds (p < 0.05), when using a preload 4RM squat protocol. There were no significant differences between Control pre and posttests (p > 0.05). The findings suggest that performing a 4RM parallel back half-squat warm-up before a track sprint will have a positive PAP affect on decreased track-sprint times. Track coaches, looking for the "competitive edge" (PAP effect) may re-warm up their sprinters during meets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Science, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Linder
authors.forename: Jan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: Nathan M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Coop
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Derenne
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Solomon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D014142:Track and Field / Q000502:physiology*