title: Renal paratransplant hernia: a surgical complication of kidney transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal paratransplant hernia is an uncommon and potentially fatal complication of renal transplantation. In this condition, bowel herniates through a defect in the peritoneum over the transplanted kidney and becomes trapped.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six cases have been reported previously, and we herein report three cases encountered in 668 kidney recipients. Abdominal pain and distention with or without vomiting were the main symptoms, presenting within 4 days after surgery. Abdominal CT scan confirmed the presence of bowel obstruction and paratransplant hernia. All three patients underwent emergent laparotomy, and resection of necrotic bowel was required in one patient who died of multiple organ failure 1 week after laparotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal paratransplant hernia is uncommon and potentially fatal, thus, prompt diagnosis and early surgical intervention are critical. Additionally, meticulous surgical technique during transplantation may help avoid this complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yantai YuHuangDing Hospital, #20 Yudong Road, Yantai, Shangdong, China.
authors.forename: ZhenLi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: JunJie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: DeKang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: DianDong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006547:Hernia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D006801:Humans; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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