Prevalence and correlates of elevated blood pressure in youth with diabetes mellitus: the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence and correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus by using data from the SEARCH Study.


METHODS
The analysis included youth aged 3 to 17 years with type 1 (n = 3691) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 410) who attended a research visit. Elevated BP was defined as systolic or diastolic values >or=95 percentile, regardless of drug use. In youth with elevated BP, awareness was defined as self-report of an earlier diagnosis. Control was defined as BP values <90th percentile and <120/90 mm Hg in youth with an earlier diagnosis who were taking BP medications.


RESULTS
The prevalence of elevated BP in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 5.9%; minority ethnic groups, obese adolescents, and youth with poor glycemic control were disproportionately affected. In contrast, 23.7% of adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus had elevated BP (P < .0001), Similarly, 31.9% of youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus and elevated BP were aware, compared with only 7.4% of youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (P < .0001). Once BP was diagnosed and treated, control was similar in type 1 (57.1%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (40.6%).


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings identify high-risk groups of youth with diabetes mellitus at which screening and treatment efforts should be directed.
Rodriguez
Beatriz L
BL
Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
Dabelea
Dana
D
Liese
Angela D
AD
Fujimoto
Wilfred
W
Waitzfelder
Beth
B
Liu
Lenna
L
Bell
Ronny
R
Talton
Jennifer
J
Snively
Beverly M
BM
Kershnar
Ann
A
Urbina
Elaine
E
Daniels
Stephen
S
Imperatore
Giuseppina
G
D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology