title: Effects of depressive-like behavior of rats on brain glutamate uptake.
abstract: Learned helplessness paradigm is a widely accepted animal model of depressive-like behavior based on stress. Glutamatergic system is closely involved with the stress-neurotoxicity in the brain and recently it is pointed to have a relevant role in the pathophysiology of depression disorder. Glutamate uptake is the main mechanism to terminate the glutamatergic physiological activity and to neuroprotection against excitotoxicity. We investigated the profile of glutamate uptake in female rats submitted to the learned helplessness paradigm and to different classes of stress related to the paradigm, in slices of brain cortex, striatum and hippocampus. Glutamate uptake in slices of hippocampus differ between learned helplessness (LH) and non-learned helplessness (NLH) animals immediately persisting up to 21 days after the paradigm. In addition, there were a decrease of glutamate uptake in the three brain structures analyzed at 21 days after the paradigm for LH animals. These results may contribute to better understand the role of the glutamatergic system on the depressive-like behavior.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Roberto Farina
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Thomazi
authors.forename: Graça Fabiana
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Godinho
authors.forename: Jonas Alex Morales
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Saute
authors.forename: Susana Tchernin
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wofchuk
authors.forename: Diogo Onofre
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ganzella
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism; D003863:Depression / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006380:Helplessness, Learned; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid
references.citation: Prog Brain Res. 2000;126:413-31
references.pmid: 11105660
references.citation: Neuroscience. 1995 Nov;69(1):89-98
references.pmid: 8637636
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1982 Mar;16(3):449-54
references.pmid: 7200610
references.citation: Clin Neuropharmacol. 2001 Mar-Apr;24(2):65-70
references.pmid: 11307040
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;161(11):2132
references.pmid: 15514421
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2001 May;120(2):203-12
references.pmid: 11182168
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 1999 May 1;45(9):1085-98
references.pmid: 10331101
references.citation: J Neurochem. 1995 Jul;65(1):268-74
references.pmid: 7790870
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 1999 Apr 29;371(2-3):113-22
references.pmid: 10357248
references.citation: Pol J Pharmacol. 1998 Jul-Oct;50(4-5):365-9
references.pmid: 10091723
references.citation: Neuroscience. 1995 May;66(2):247-52
references.pmid: 7477869
references.citation: Mech Ageing Dev. 2001 Jan;122(1):1-29
references.pmid: 11163621
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Jan;157(1):115-8
references.pmid: 10618023
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Aug;61(8):765-73
references.pmid: 15289275
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1997 Apr 15;94(8):4155-60
references.pmid: 9108121
references.citation: Behav Pharmacol. 2002 May;13(3):169-88
references.pmid: 12122308
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2004;129(3):529-38
references.pmid: 15541875
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2005 Apr;179(1):4-29
references.pmid: 15731895
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2000;97(2):253-66
references.pmid: 10799757
references.citation: Biol Psychol. 2001 Nov;58(2):147-58
references.pmid: 11600242
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Nov 15;89(22):10955-9
references.pmid: 1279699
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Jul;151(7):979-86
references.pmid: 8010383
references.citation: Brain Res. 1994 Aug 15;654(1):8-14
references.pmid: 7982101
references.citation: Glia. 2000 Oct;32(1):1-14
references.pmid: 10975906
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 1990 Aug 21;185(1):1-10
references.pmid: 2171955
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2001 Apr;158(4):582-6
references.pmid: 11282692
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 1996 Dec 19;317(2-3):191-6
references.pmid: 8997600
references.citation: Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2009;11(3):239-55
references.pmid: 19877493
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2010 Feb 11;207(1):196-207
references.pmid: 19819265
references.citation: J Neural Transm (Vienna). 1997;104(6-7):633-42
references.pmid: 9444563
references.citation: Neuron. 2004 Jan 8;41(1):139-51
references.pmid: 14715141
references.citation: Brain Res Brain Res Protoc. 2001 Aug;8(1):1-7
references.pmid: 11522522
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2000 Jul;112(1-2):33-41
references.pmid: 10862933
references.citation: Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2006 Dec;2(12):679-89
references.pmid: 17117171
references.citation: Brain Res Bull. 1998;45(3):233-8
references.pmid: 9510415
references.citation: Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Jun;33(7):1559-69
references.pmid: 17712351
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Jun;156(6):837-41
references.pmid: 10360120
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 1993 Nov;150(11):1731-3
references.pmid: 8214185
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Oct 27;95(22):13290-5
references.pmid: 9789081
references.citation: Curr Mol Med. 2002 Nov;2(7):593-603
references.pmid: 12420799
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2003 Dec 2;14(17):2199-201
references.pmid: 14625447
references.citation: J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2008 Dec;17(10):1583-90
references.pmid: 19049352
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2000 Jun;66(2):235-40
references.pmid: 10880674
references.citation: Neurobiol Dis. 2000 Oct;7(5):540-2
references.pmid: 11042072
references.citation: Neuropharmacology. 2010 Feb;58(2):465-73
references.pmid: 19747495
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 1994 Jan;30(1):15-26
references.pmid: 8151045
references.citation: Endocrinology. 2000 Dec;141(12):4801-4
references.pmid: 11108297
references.citation: Brain Res. 1994 Aug 29;655(1-2):251-4
references.pmid: 7812782
references.citation: Neuroscience. 1997 Mar;77(1):65-73
references.pmid: 9044375
references.citation: J Comp Physiol Psychol. 1975 Feb;88(2):542-7
references.pmid: 1150936
references.citation: Nature. 1995 Jun 15;375(6532):599-603
references.pmid: 7791878
references.citation: Soc Gen Physiol Ser. 1993;48:301-14
references.pmid: 8503052
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2008 Nov 11;157(1):80-94
references.pmid: 18805467
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1985 Apr;22(4):531-3
references.pmid: 2859611
references.citation: Nature. 1992 Dec 3;360(6403):464-7
references.pmid: 1448170
references.citation: J Exp Psychol. 1967 May;74(1):1-9
references.pmid: 6032570
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2000 Oct 15;48(8):755-65
references.pmid: 11063972
references.citation: Evid Based Ment Health. 2006 May;9(2):59
references.pmid: 16638908
references.citation: Brain Res. 1995 Mar 27;675(1-2):157-64
references.pmid: 7796124
references.citation: Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2005 Feb;9(1):153-68
references.pmid: 15757488
references.citation: Br J Med Psychol. 2001 Dec;74(Pt 4):473-85
references.pmid: 11780795
references.citation: Peptides. 1999;20(1):93-100
references.pmid: 10098629
references.citation: J Neurochem. 1993 May;60(5):1650-7
references.pmid: 8097232
references.citation: Prog Neurobiol. 2001 Sep;65(1):1-105
references.pmid: 11369436
references.citation: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;29(5):678-86
references.pmid: 15913874
references.citation: Mech Ageing Dev. 2004 Jul;125(7):475-81
references.pmid: 15246742
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Dec;1147:53-60
references.pmid: 19076430
references.citation: Brain Res. 1993 Dec 10;630(1-2):178-87
references.pmid: 8118684
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Jul;186(4):587-93
references.pmid: 16612616