title: Effects of growth hormone treatment on the expression of somatotropic axis genes in the skeletal muscle of lactating Holstein cows.
abstract: This study focused on the expression of somatotropic axis genes in the skeletal muscle of dairy cattle. A slow-release recombinant bovine growth hormone (GH) (rbGH) formulation was administered to 5 cows, and saline solution (control) was administered to another 5 cows every 2 wk for a total of 10 wk, starting from the peak of lactation. Tissue and blood samples were collected on days 2 and 14 after each rbGH injection. As target genes insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, IGF-2, IGFBPs (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6), acute labile subunit (ALS), IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), GH receptor (GHR), and the known GHR 5'-UTR variants were selected as target genes, and their relative expression was measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction. In GH-treated cows, an increase in expression was observed for GHR 5'-UTR variant 1I on day 14 (P < 0.05), whereas a significant down-regulation of GHR (P < 0.05) was found after comparing values of treated cows between day 2 and day 14. However, only IGF binding proteins (BP)-5 was found to be appreciably up-regulated in GH-treated cows (P < 0.001), which may indicate the importance of this gene in the overall molecular response to GH administration. Our study indicated that GH treatment did not affect the expression of most somatotropic axis genes, despite the marked increase in GH and IGF-1 in blood (P < 0.001). Nor did it have a large impact on the proportion of GHR 5'-UTR variants in the skeletal muscle of lactating cows. Finally, although we observed a significant variation in the expression of some genes, it would appear that the differences between GH-treated cows and controls were not great enough to be considered as reliable indirect indicators of GH treatment in dairy cattle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Pathology, Prophylaxis and Food Hygiene, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castigliego
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grifoni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazzi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gianfaldoni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guidi
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000235:genetics; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins; C073294:growth hormone, bovine; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D013006:Growth Hormone; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1