title: An outcome evaluation following postmastectomy nipple reconstruction using the C-V flap technique.
abstract: Nipple reconstruction often marks completion of breast reconstruction. Although it is important to overall aesthetic results, actual data on outcomes and satisfaction is limited. A retrospective review of patients who underwent nipple reconstruction using the C-V technique was performed. Patient demographics, outcomes, and patient satisfaction (1-5 scale) were assessed. There were 252 nipple reconstructions performed with an average follow-up of 38 months. Complications included: tip necrosis (3.2%), dehiscence (0.8%), and surgical revision (2%). Satisfaction scores: nipple reconstruction (3.8/5), projection (3.2/5), symmetry (4.2/5), and tattooing (3.2/5). Tissue expander reconstructions had the lowest satisfaction in all categories except breast sensation. Latissimus dorsi reconstruction had the highest satisfaction, however, they also had the highest complication rate. The most common complaint was lack of projection (38%). The C-V technique is a safe and effective procedure; patients are satisfied and would undergo the procedure again. Autologous tissue reconstructions had worse sensation, however, patient satisfaction was higher. Although patients are generally satisfied, room for improvement exists.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA 30308, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Otterburn
authors.forename: Kathleen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Losken
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004954:Esthetics; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009558:Nipples / Q000601:surgery*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D015625:Tissue Expansion Devices; D016896:Treatment Outcome