title: Experimental anticancer therapy with vascular-disruptive peptide and liposome-entrapped chemotherapeutic agent.
abstract: Vasculature is essential for the sustained growth of solid tumors and metastases. Tumor cells surviving vascular-disruptive therapeutic intervention (especially those present at the tumor rim) can contribute to tumor regrowth. The aim was to strengthen, by carrier-mediated delivery of a chemotherapeutic, the curative effects of a bifunctional anti-vascular oligopeptide capable of inducing vascular shutdown and tumor shrinkage. For the in vitro experiments and animal therapy, ACDCRGDCFC-GG-(D)(KLAKLAK)(2) peptide (900 microM in D-PBSA, i.e. Dulbecco's PBS without Ca(2+) and Mg(2+)) and size-calibrated, passively or actively targeted liposomes based on distearoylphosphatidylcholine, cholesterol, and N-carbamoyl-methoxypolyethyleneglycol coupled to distearoylphosphatidylethanolamine (PEG-DSPE) and containing gradient-entrapped doxorubicin were used. The KB (human nasopharyngeal carcinoma) cell line overexpressing folate receptors was used in the fluorescence studies of liposomal uptake. The B16-F10 melanoma cell line was used for confirming, by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy, doxorubicin intracellular transfer as well as to induce experimental tumors in C57BL/6 mice. Animal therapy was achieved with injections of vascular-disrupting peptide, doxorubicin-loaded liposomes, or alternating combined therapy. The results (tumor growth inhibition and survival) were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test and the log-rank test. Necrosis in H&E-stained tumor sections was assessed microscopically by pathologists. Treatment of C57BL/6 mice bearing B16-F10 experimental tumors with a combination of vascular-disruptive peptide and doxorubicin-carrying pegylated liposomes (either passively targeted liposomes (PTL) or folate receptor targeted) gave better therapeutic effects when tumor development was re-challenged with a second cycle of combined therapy. Marked inhibition of tumor growth and a statistically significant extension of the lifespan of the treated mice were observed when the re-challenge involved the use of folate receptor-targeted liposomes (FTL). Anticancer therapy involving vascular-disruptive peptide and doxorubicin delivered via pegylated folate receptor-targeted liposomes is more effective than either monotherapy, especially when tumor growth is re-challenged with the therapeutic combination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Maria Skłodowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Center and Institute of Oncology, Wybrzeze Armii Krajowej 15, 44-101 Gliwice, Poland. asochanik@io.gliwice.pl
authors.forename: Aleksander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sochanik
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mitrus
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smolarczyk
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cichoń
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Snietura
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Czaja
authors.forename: Stanisław
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szala
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D058973:Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored; D006801:Humans; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004337:Drug Carriers; D058973:Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3; D008081:Liposomes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D004317:Doxorubicin