Trajectories of change in obesity and symptoms of depression: the CARDIA study.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated whether, over time, baseline obesity is associated with change in depressive symptoms or if baseline symptoms of depression are associated with change in body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference.


METHODS
We used latent growth curve modeling to examine data from years 5, 10, 15, and 20 of the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study (n = 4643). We assessed depressive symptomatology with the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale.


RESULTS
Respondents who started out with higher levels of depressive symptoms experienced a faster rate of increase in BMI (for Whites only) and waist circumference (for Blacks and Whites) over time than did those who reported fewer symptoms of depression in year 5. Initial BMI and waist circumference did not influence the rate of change in symptoms of depression over time.


CONCLUSIONS
Depressive symptomatology likely plays a role in the development of physical health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, through its association with increases in relative weight and abdominal obesity over time.
Needham
Belinda L
BL
Department of Sociology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, HHB 460K, 1530 3rd Ave. S., Birmingham, AL 35294-1152, USA. bneedham@uab.edu
Epel
Elissa S
ES
Adler
Nancy E
NE
Kiefe
Catarina
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States; D055105:Waist Circumference; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult; D001741:Black or African American
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