title: Methylphenidate transdermal system in adult ADHD and impact on emotional and oppositional symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This trial evaluated the effect of methylphenidate transdermal system (MTS) on the full spectrum of adult symptoms (attention-disorganization, hyperactivity-impulsivity, emotional dysregulation [ED], and oppositional-defiant disorder [ODD]) found in this disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  This placebo-controlled, double-blind, flexible-dose, crossover trial employed the Wender-Reimherr Adult Attention Deficit Disorder Scale (WRAADDS) and Connor's Adult ADHD Rating Scale (CAARS) and two measures of adult ODD. Treatment responses of all participants and four subgroups (ADHDalone, ADHD + ED, ADHD + ODD, and ADHD + ED + ODD) were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Around 23% of baseline participants were ADHD alone, 31% were ADHD + ED, 10% were ADHD + ODD, and 36% were ADHD + ED + ODD. There was a significant treatment effect for all symptom areas and all four subgroups. MTS was associated with significantly more adverse events, especially dermatologic side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTS was effective in treating adult ADHD. This clinical trial included numerous participants meeting criteria for ED and ODD. All ADHD symptoms responded positively to treatment with MTS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA. barriemarchant@aol.com
authors.forename: Barrie K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Marchant
authors.forename: Frederick W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Reimherr
authors.forename: Reid J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Robison
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008774:Methylphenidate