title: Psychiatric advance directives and social workers: an integrative review.
abstract: Psychiatric advance directives (PADs) are legal documents that allow individuals to express their wishes for future psychiatric care and to authorize a legally appointed proxy to make decisions on their behalf during incapacitating crises. PADs are viewed as an alternative to the coercive interventions that sometimes accompany mental health crises for people with mental illness. Insofar as coercive interventions can abridge clients' autonomy and self-determination--values supported by the NASW Code of Ethics--social workers have a vested interest in finding ways to reduce coercion and increase autonomy and self-determination in their practice. However, PADs are also viewed as having the potential to positively affect a variety of other clinical outcomes, including, but not limited to, treatment engagement, treatment satisfaction, and working alliance. This article reviews the clinical and legal history of PADs and empirical evidence for their implementation and effectiveness. Despite what should be an inherent interest in PADs and the fact that laws authorizing PADs have proliferated in the past decade, there is little theoretical or empirical research on PADS in the social work literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, Florida Mental Health Institute, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. rvandorn@fmhi.usf.edu
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Van Dorn
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scheyett
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Marvin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Swartz
mesh_terms: D016223:Advance Directives / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D003068:Coercion; D003657:Decision Making; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D016743:Mental Competency; D001523:Mental Disorders; D008605:Mental Health Services; D028701:Patient Rights; D011570:Psychiatry; D012947:Social Work / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States
references.citation: Law Hum Behav. 2007 Feb;31(1):77-90
references.pmid: 16718578
references.citation: Health Aff (Millwood). 2004 Jul-Aug;23(4):84-95
references.pmid: 15318569
references.citation: J Psychiatr Pract. 2003 Jul;9(4):303-6
references.pmid: 15985945
references.citation: Am J Community Psychol. 1987 Apr;15(2):121-48
references.pmid: 3604997
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 1996 Dec;47(12):1387-9
references.pmid: 9117481
references.citation: Soc Sci Med. 1995 Apr;40(7):903-18
references.pmid: 7792630
references.citation: Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1999 Jul;100(1):56-61
references.pmid: 10442440
references.citation: Adm Policy Ment Health. 2005 Jan;32(3):241-65
references.pmid: 15844847
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Nov;163(11):1943-51
references.pmid: 17074946
references.citation: Community Ment Health J. 1997 Aug;33(4):261-8
references.pmid: 9250424
references.citation: Health Policy. 2004 Dec;70(3):291-301
references.pmid: 15488996
references.citation: Hosp Community Psychiatry. 1990 Mar;41(3):277-86
references.pmid: 2179100
references.citation: Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2003 Jun;107(6):403-9
references.pmid: 12752015
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2006 Mar;57(3):350-5
references.pmid: 16524992
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2004 Jul;55(7):751-2, 763
references.pmid: 15232012
references.citation: Adm Policy Ment Health. 2001 Jul;28(6):427-41
references.pmid: 11804010
references.citation: Adm Policy Ment Health. 2006 Jul;33(4):449-60
references.pmid: 16237505
references.citation: Br J Psychiatry. 2002 Dec;181:513-9
references.pmid: 12456522
references.citation: Bioethics. 1993 Apr;7(2-3):247-56
references.pmid: 11651538
references.citation: BMJ. 2004 Jul 17;329(7458):136
references.pmid: 15240438
references.citation: Adm Policy Ment Health. 2008 Nov;35(6):440-8
references.pmid: 18633699
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2005 May;56(5):592-8
references.pmid: 15872169
references.citation: J Ment Health. 2008 Jan 1;17(3):255-267
references.pmid: 20221301
references.citation: Psychiatr Rehabil J. 2007 Summer;31(1):70-5
references.pmid: 17694718
references.citation: Law Hum Behav. 2007 Jun;31(3):275-89
references.pmid: 17294136
references.citation: Psychol Public Policy Law. 2007 Nov;13(4):
references.pmid: 24198456
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2003 Jul;54(7):981-6
references.pmid: 12851434
references.citation: J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2006;34(1):43-57
references.pmid: 16585234
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2008 Jan;59(1):63-71
references.pmid: 18182541
references.citation: Soc Sci Med. 2000 Oct;51(7):1087-110
references.pmid: 11005395
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 1999 Jul;50(7):919-25
references.pmid: 10402612
references.citation: J Behav Health Serv Res. 2003 Jul-Sep;30(3):253-68
references.pmid: 12875095
references.citation: Adm Policy Ment Health. 2004 May;31(5):409-19
references.pmid: 15382320
references.citation: Community Ment Health J. 1998 Aug;34(4):351-62
references.pmid: 9693864
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2007 Sep;58(9):1157-63
references.pmid: 17766559
references.citation: J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2006;34(3):385-94
references.pmid: 17032962
references.citation: Behav Sci Law. 2003;21(4):459-72
references.pmid: 12898502
references.citation: Psychiatry. 2000 Summer;63(2):160-72
references.pmid: 10965546
references.citation: Psychiatr Serv. 2009 Oct;60(10):1383-5
references.pmid: 19797381
references.citation: Health Aff (Millwood). 2006 May-Jun;25(3):720-9
references.pmid: 16684736
references.citation: Psychiatry. 2007 Spring;70(1):19-29
references.pmid: 17492909
references.citation: Science. 1977 Apr 8;196(4286):129-36
references.pmid: 847460
references.citation: J R Coll Gen Pract. 1969 May;17(82):269-76
references.pmid: 5770926
references.citation: Compr Psychiatry. 2004 Jul-Aug;45(4):239-45
references.pmid: 15224265
references.citation: Fam Pract. 1990 Jun;7(2):100-3
references.pmid: 2369975
references.citation: Adm Policy Ment Health. 2008 Jul;35(4):272-82
references.pmid: 18561021
references.citation: Int J Law Psychiatry. 2006 Nov-Dec;29(6):495-506
references.pmid: 17070907