title: Coffee and caffeine ameliorate hyperglycemia, fatty liver, and inflammatory adipocytokine expression in spontaneously diabetic KK-Ay mice.
abstract: Epidemiological surveys have demonstrated that habitual coffee consumption reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes. The aim of this work was to study the antidiabetic effect of coffee and caffeine in spontaneously diabetic KK-A(y) mice. KK-A(y) mice were given regular drinking water (controls) or 2-fold diluted coffee for 5 weeks. Coffee ingestion ameliorated the development of hyperglycemia and improved insulin sensitivity. White adipose tissue mRNA levels of inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, IL-6, and TNFalpha), adipose tissue MCP-1 concentration, and serum IL-6 concentration in the coffee group were lower than the control group. Moreover, coffee ingestion improved the fatty liver. Caffeine ingestion as drinking water also caused an amelioration of hyperglycemia and an improvement of fatty liver. These results suggest that coffee exerts a suppressive effect on hyperglycemia by improving insulin sensitivity, partly due to reducing inflammatory cytokine expression and improving fatty liver. Moreover, caffeine may be one of the effective antidiabetic compounds in coffee.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Molecular Bioscience, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Misato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ojika
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shigeoka
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tou
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Horio
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D001786:Blood Glucose; D003069:Coffee; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002110:Caffeine