The effect of prolactin (PRL) on the growth of Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in vitro.
During the development and effector phases of the anti-Toxoplasma response, the immunological system of a host is involved in several complex interactions with the endocrine system, and prolactin (PRL) is one of the most important hormones involved in immunoregulation. In this work, the influence of the recombinant human prolactin (rhPRL) on the viability, penetration, and intensity of intracellular proliferation of Toxoplasma gondii BK strain in vitro was evaluated. Using one murine (L929) and two human cell lines (Hs27 and HeLa), no toxic effect of the rhPRL on host cells was found (by determining cellular viability using MTT assay). A similar lack of rhPRL cytotoxic activity was found in the case of the extracellular tachyzoites of T. gondii BK. Replication of parasites in the presence of rhPRL was analyzed first by simultaneous addition of the hormone and the parasites into a microculture of the host cells (treatment during infection). No statistically significant changes in the intensity of parasite proliferation in all used host cells were found for a wide range of the hormone concentrations. However, pre-incubation of the tachyzoites with rhPRL resulted in a significant reduction (up to 36.15%) in the replication abilities of the parasite. Further experiments revealed that in fact, the inhibition of replication was caused by a limited capacity of the parasites to penetrate host's cells as demonstrated by the reduced number of infected cells.
Dzitko
Katarzyna
K
Department of Immunoparasitology, Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Łodź, ul. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łodź, Poland. dzika@biol.uni.lodz.pl
Gatkowska
Justyna
J
Płociński
Przemysław
P
Dziadek
Bozena
B
Długońska
Henryka
H
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D011388:Prolactin / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*
D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011388:Prolactin
J Immunol Methods. 1994 Sep 14;174(1-2):311-20
8083535
Vet Res. 2002 Mar-Apr;33(2):159-68
11944805
Endocr Rev. 1991 Aug;12(3):235-51
1935820
Endocr Rev. 1996 Dec;17(6):639-69
8969972
Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 1996 Feb;19(2):139-46
8814976
Endocrinology. 1992 Jun;130(6):3216-22
1534539
J Neuroimmunol. 2005 May;162(1-2):190-3
15833375
Eur Cytokine Netw. 2001 Apr-Jun;12(2):348-58
11399525
Trends Microbiol. 2003 Sep;11(9):426-30
13678858
J Protozool. 1977 Aug;24(3):449-53
21288
Immunol Lett. 1992 Jul;33(2):105-21
1446915
Neuroimmunomodulation. 1994 Jul-Aug;1(4):201-16
7489335
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1995 May;43(5):395-400
8532376
Endocr Rev. 1998 Jun;19(3):225-68
9626554
Trends Parasitol. 2005 Dec;21(12):588-93
16236553
Parasitol Res. 2008 Mar;102(4):723-9
18092180
Physiol Rev. 2000 Oct;80(4):1523-631
11015620
J Endocrinol. 2009 Jul;202(1):153-66
19401343
Cell Res. 2004 Feb;14(1):67-73
15040892
Dev Comp Immunol. 1997 Jan-Feb;21(1):47-58
9241488