title: Changes in the levels of some acute-phase proteins in human immunodeficiency virus-1 infected patients, following interleukin-2 treatment.
abstract: Intermittent interleukin (IL)-2 administration to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infected patients is well documented and generally used, but there is limited information about the changes of acute-phase protein (APP) levels in response to this treatment. Fifteen patients undergoing highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) treatment, with undetectable viral load, but low CD4+ cell count (<300/microl), have been treated with 3.6 M IU Proleukine administered twice daily by subcutaneous injection over 5 days. C-reactive protein (CRP), D-dimer, C3, C9, C1-inh and alpha-2HS glycoprotein levels were measured immediately before IL-2 administration, as well as on day 5 and 2-3 weeks thereafter. After IL-2 administration, both mean D-dimer and CRP levels increased significantly (P<0.001), but returned (P<0.001) to baseline within the subsequent 2-3 weeks. Alpha-2HS glycoprotein decreased immediately after IL-2 administration. No significant differences were detected in the levels of C3, C9 and C1-inh. A significant, positive correlation (r=0.5178, P=0.0008) was ascertained between the changes of CRP level, measured immediately before as well as 5 days after IL-2 administration, and changes in CD4 T cell counts measured 2-3 weeks before and after treatment, respectively. IL-2 administration induces rapid elevation of two major APPs (CRP, D-dimer). The positive correlation observed between the changes of CRP levels and CD4+ cell counts after IL-2 administration may indicate that the abrupt, but transitory overproduction of CRP might contribute to the CD4+ cell count-increasing effect of the drug and/ or may be associated with serious side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Fövárosi Onkormányzat Egyesített Szent István és Szent László Kórház, Budapest, Hungary. barbai.vera@gmail.com
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Barbai
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ujhelyi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szlávik
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vietorisz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Füst
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bánhegyi
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C036309:fibrin fragment D; C082598:aldesleukin
references.citation: Viral Immunol. 2006 Summer;19(3):434-47
references.pmid: 16987062
references.citation: J Clin Immunol. 1988 Nov;8(6):426-36
references.pmid: 3265420
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1982;389:39-48
references.pmid: 7046585
references.citation: Circulation. 1999 Aug 17;100(7):700-5
references.pmid: 10449690
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1982;389:235-50
references.pmid: 7046577
references.citation: Immunochemistry. 1965 Sep;2(3):235-54
references.pmid: 4956917
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2006 Jan 9;166(1):64-70
references.pmid: 16401812
references.citation: Science. 1988 May 27;240(4856):1169-76
references.pmid: 3131876
references.citation: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2003 Feb 1;32(2):210-4
references.pmid: 12571532
references.citation: Clin Exp Immunol. 1994 Mar;95(3):366-72
references.pmid: 7511074
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1993 Jun 1;53(11):2597-602
references.pmid: 8495422
references.citation: AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2002 May 1;18(7):491-9
references.pmid: 12015902
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 1994 Mar;69(3):596-8
references.pmid: 8123494
references.citation: PLoS Med. 2008 Oct 21;5(10):e203
references.pmid: 18942885
references.citation: JAMA. 2000 Jul 12;284(2):183-9
references.pmid: 10889591
references.citation: Br J Haematol. 1992 Oct;82(2):295-301
references.pmid: 1419810
references.citation: AIDS. 2004 Dec 3;18(18):2434-7
references.pmid: 15622323
references.citation: Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Jul 1;39(1):115-22
references.pmid: 15206062
references.citation: AIDS. 2009 Sep 24;23(15):2015-9
references.pmid: 19617815
references.citation: Viral Immunol. 2008 Jun;21(2):263-6
references.pmid: 18570591
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1999 Feb 11;340(6):448-54
references.pmid: 9971870
references.citation: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2002 Mar 1;29(3):221-31
references.pmid: 11873071
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2002 Apr;14(4):389-94
references.pmid: 11943951
references.citation: Am J Physiol. 1999 Jun;276(6):E1092-8
references.pmid: 10362622
references.citation: Infection. 1988;16(1):31-5
references.pmid: 3162895
references.citation: AIDS. 2007 Sep 12;21(14):1887-97
references.pmid: 17721096
references.citation: MMWR Recomm Rep. 1994 Mar 4;43(RR-3):1-21
references.pmid: 7908403
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Sep 17;93(19):10405-10
references.pmid: 8816813
references.citation: Control Clin Trials. 2002 Apr;23(2):198-220
references.pmid: 11943448
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 1990 Dec;162(6):1227-32
references.pmid: 1977807
references.citation: AIDS. 1997 Jul;11(8):949-58
references.pmid: 9223728
references.citation: J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2004 May 1;36(1):576-87
references.pmid: 15097300
references.citation: AIDS. 2008 Mar 30;22(6):707-15
references.pmid: 18356600
references.citation: PLoS Clin Trials. 2006 May;1(1):e3
references.pmid: 16871325
references.citation: AIDS. 2007 May 11;21(8):1063-4
references.pmid: 17457110
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2002 Feb 15;185(4):456-62
references.pmid: 11865397
references.citation: Intensive Care Med. 1993;19 Suppl 1:S19-28
references.pmid: 8053997