title: Serum and intratumoural GH and IGF-I concentrations: prognostic factors in the outcome of canine mammary cancer.
abstract: The biological implication of the growth hormone/insulin like growth factor-I (GH/IGF-I) axis in canine mammary tumours (CMT) has been recently demonstrated, however its clinical and prognostic implications are unknown. Our aim was to investigate its prognostic significance. Hormonal determinations were done by enzyme immunoassays techniques validated for canine species in serum and tumour tissue from 32 bitches with CMT and in serum and normal mammary tissue from 10 controls. Serum and tissular GH and IGF-I concentrations were significantly higher in the case of malignant tumour compared with benign and controls. GH and IGF-I elevated concentrations were significantly associated with tumour relapse and/or metastases during follow-up and in dogs with reduced survival times; however these parameters were not independent prognostic factors in multivariate analysis. This association demonstrates a link between high serum and intratumoural GH and IGF-I concentrations and a worse prognosis and opens the possibility to new anticancer endocrine therapies in dogs.
authors.affiliation: CECAV, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal. fqueirog@utad.pt
authors.forename: Felisbina L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Queiroga
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pérez-Alenza
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silvan
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Carlos S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Illera
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001940:Breast / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone