Carbon ion implanted Nd:MgO:LiNbO(3) optical channel waveguides: an intermediate step between light and heavy ion implanted waveguides.
We report on the micron-luminescent properties of carbon ion implanted optical channel waveguides in the Nd:MgO:LiNbO(3) laser crystals. The confocal fluorescence images of the waveguide's cross section are presented based on the analysis of the spatial variation of the Nd(3+) fluorescence properties. We have found that the carbon ion implanted waveguides exhibit hybrid fluorescence properties of both hydrogen and oxygen ion implanted waveguides, which clearly denotes a "boundary" effect of light and heavy ions for waveguide formation in lithium niobate crystals.
Dong
Ning-Ning
NN
School of Physics, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Chen
Feng
F
Jaque
Daniel
D
D002244:Carbon; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D020450:Heavy Ions; D009556:Niobium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation*
D010087:Oxides; D009556:Niobium; C091692:lithium niobate; D002244:Carbon