title: Prevalence and correlates of elevated blood pressure in youth with diabetes mellitus: the SEARCH for diabetes in youth study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and correlates of elevated blood pressure (BP) in youth with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus by using data from the SEARCH Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analysis included youth aged 3 to 17 years with type 1 (n = 3691) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (n = 410) who attended a research visit. Elevated BP was defined as systolic or diastolic values >or=95 percentile, regardless of drug use. In youth with elevated BP, awareness was defined as self-report of an earlier diagnosis. Control was defined as BP values <90th percentile and <120/90 mm Hg in youth with an earlier diagnosis who were taking BP medications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of elevated BP in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 5.9%; minority ethnic groups, obese adolescents, and youth with poor glycemic control were disproportionately affected. In contrast, 23.7% of adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus had elevated BP (P < .0001), Similarly, 31.9% of youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus and elevated BP were aware, compared with only 7.4% of youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (P < .0001). Once BP was diagnosed and treated, control was similar in type 1 (57.1%) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (40.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings identify high-risk groups of youth with diabetes mellitus at which screening and treatment efforts should be directed.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.
authors.forename: Beatriz L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dabelea
authors.forename: Angela D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Liese
authors.forename: Wilfred
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Waitzfelder
authors.forename: Lenna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Talton
authors.forename: Beverly M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Snively
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kershnar
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Urbina
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Imperatore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology