title: Isolation, phylogenetic analysis and anti-infective activity screening of marine sponge-associated actinomycetes.
abstract: Terrestrial actinomycetes are noteworthy producers of a multitude of antibiotics, however the marine representatives are much less studied in this regard. In this study, 90 actinomycetes were isolated from 11 different species of marine sponges that had been collected from offshore Ras Mohamed (Egypt) and from Rovinj (Croatia). Phylogenetic characterization of the isolates based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing supported their assignment to 18 different actinomycete genera representing seven different suborders. Fourteen putatively novel species were identified based on sequence similarity values below 98.2% to other strains in the NCBI database. A putative new genus related to Rubrobacter was isolated on M1 agar that had been amended with sponge extract, thus highlighting the need for innovative cultivation protocols. Testing for anti-infective activities was performed against clinically relevant, Gram-positive (Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, fungi (Candida albicans) and human parasites (Leishmania major, Trypanosoma brucei). Bioactivities against these pathogens were documented for 10 actinomycete isolates. These results show a high diversity of actinomycetes associated with marine sponges as well as highlight their potential to produce anti-infective agents.
authors.affiliation: Julius-von-Sachs-Institute for Biological Sciences, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 3, 97082 Würzburg, Germany. Usama.Ramadan@biozentrum.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors.forename: Usama Ramadan
authors.initials: UR
authors.lastname: Abdelmohsen
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pimentel-Elardo
authors.forename: Amro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hanora
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radwan
authors.forename: Soad H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Abou-El-Ela
authors.forename: Safwat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hentschel
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011161:Porifera / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D014346:Trypanosoma brucei brucei / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
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