title: Nurse-directed care model in a psychiatric hospital: a model for clinical accountability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The focus on recovery for persons with severe and persistent mental illness is leading state psychiatric hospitals to transform their method of care delivery. This article describes a quality improvement project involving a hospital's administration and multidisciplinary state-university affiliation that collaborated in the development and implementation of a nursing care delivery model in a state psychiatric hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The quality improvement project team instituted a new model to promote the hospital's vision of wellness and recovery through utilization of the therapeutic relationship and greater clinical accountability. Implementation of the model was accomplished in 2 phases: first, the establishment of a structure to lay the groundwork for accountability and, second, the development of a mechanism to provide a clinical supervision process for staff in their work with clients. Effectiveness of the model was assessed by surveys conducted at baseline and after implementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicated improvement in clinical practices and client living environment. As a secondary outcome, these improvements appeared to be associated with increased safety on the units evidenced by reduction in incidents of seclusion and restraint.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Restructuring of the service delivery system of care so that clients are the center of clinical focus improves safety and can enhance the staff's attention to work with clients on their recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of the advanced practice nurse can influence the recovery of clients in state psychiatric hospitals. Future research should consider the impact on clients and their perceptions of the new service models.
authors.affiliation: University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-School of Nursing, Newark, NJ, USA. morrisma@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: E-Morris
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: Kathleen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Mencher
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grogan
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Judge-Gorny
authors.forename: Zelda
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Terrian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Christopher
authors.forename: Russell C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McQuaide
mesh_terms: D057179:Advanced Practice Nursing / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D002983:Clinical Competence; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006783:Hospitals, State; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D016294:Models, Nursing; D009515:New Jersey; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology; D009743:Nursing, Practical / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration; D009745:Nursing, Supervisory / Q000458:organization & administration; D009746:Nursing, Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D057184:Practice Patterns, Nurses' / Q000458:organization & administration; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000193:education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012941:Social Responsibility; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000458:organization & administration*