Novelties in the early management of acute heart failure syndromes.
The recent European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines delineate the diagnosis and management of distinct categories of acute heart failure syndromes. However, physicians dealing with these patients may need guidance in choosing therapeutic alternatives as soon as the dyspneic patient arrives at the emergency department, until distinct categories of the ESC guidelines are identified. Hence, this manuscript summarizes practical recommendations for the very early management of patients with acute heart failure syndromes. The recommendations are based on a clinical classification system considering the initial systolic blood pressure and other symptoms. Early initiation of diagnostic and goal-directed treatment strategies are key factors in improving patient outcomes. Early and frequent reassessment is also imperative so that adjustments to the initial therapeutic approach can be made, as clinically indicated.
Salem
Reda
R
Département d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Lariboisière, Université Paris, Paris, France 75475 Cedex 10.
Sibellas
Franck
F
Socrates
Thenral
T
Arenja
Nisha
N
Yilmaz
Mehmet Birhan
MB
Mueller
Christian
C
Mebazaa
Alexandre
A
D000208:Acute Disease; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055986:Vital Signs
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents