title: Report of the fourth meeting on 'Influenza vaccines that induce broad spectrum and long-lasting immune responses', World Health Organization and Wellcome Trust, London, United Kingdom, 9-10 November 2009.
abstract: Current influenza vaccines are limited by the need for annual immunisation, frequent antigenic updating to match the evolution of circulating influenza virus strains, and reduced efficacy in elderly persons. On 9-10 November 2009, the Initiative for Vaccine Research of the World Health Organization convened jointly with the Wellcome Trust in London, United Kingdom, the fourth meeting on 'Influenza vaccines that induce broad spectrum and long-lasting immune responses'. Presentations were made by representatives from industry, academia, governmental and non-governmental organisations. The objectives of the meeting were to update the progress of research in the field of influenza vaccine strategies able to generate cross protection against divergent influenza virus strains. Improvements in existing strategies including live attenuated influenza vaccines and adjuvantation of inactivated vaccines were summarised. Developments in novel antigen production methods, new routes of vaccine delivery and administration, and vaccine approaches based on conserved virus antigens were explored. In addition, correlates of immune protection and regulatory issues for the evaluation and approval of future novel vaccine strategies were discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom. iain.stephenson@uhl-tr.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stephenson
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Osterhaus
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pervikov
authors.forename: Laszlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Palkonyay
authors.forename: Marie-Paule
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Kieny
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D056738:Cross Protection; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated