title: Use of ozone-depleting substances; removal of essential-use designation (flunisolide, etc.). Final rule.
abstract: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA), after consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), is amending FDA's regulation on the use of ozone-depleting substances (ODSs) in self-pressurized containers to remove the essential-use designations for flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil used in oral pressurized metered-dose inhalers (MDIs). The Clean Air Act requires FDA, in consultation with the EPA, to determine whether an FDA-regulated product that releases an ODS is an essential use of the ODS. FDA has concluded that there are no substantial technical barriers to formulating flunisolide, triamcinolone, metaproterenol, pirbuterol, albuterol and ipratropium in combination, cromolyn, and nedocromil as products that do not release ODSs, and therefore they will no longer be essential uses of ODSs as of the effective dates of this rule. MDIs for these active moieties containing an ODS may not be marketed after the relevant effective date.
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy; D001272:Atmosphere; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D017402:Chlorofluorocarbons / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016527:Drug Costs; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005446:Fluocinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009921:Metaproterenol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers / Q000145:classification*; D010126:Ozone; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy; D014221:Triamcinolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D017402:Chlorofluorocarbons; D005446:Fluocinolone Acetonide; D014221:Triamcinolone; D009921:Metaproterenol; D010126:Ozone; D009241:Ipratropium; D000420:Albuterol