title: Harmful effect of adipose tissue on liver lesions in patients with alcoholic liver disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adipose tissue is an important source of cytokines. Excess weight is an independent risk factor for steatosis, acute alcoholic hepatitis (AAH), and cirrhosis in patients with alcoholic liver disease (ALD). In this study, we investigated the role of adipose tissue in human ALD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with ALD underwent liver and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies and supplied blood samples for the investigation of cytokine gene expression and secretion, as well as liver histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of TNF-alpha and IL-10 in adipose tissue were higher in patients with AAH. IL-10 level in adipose tissue was also correlated with fibrosis score. TNF-alpha gene expression in adipose tissue was correlated with Maddrey score, blood C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and liver IL-6 concentration. IL-6 production levels in the liver were higher in patients with AAH and correlated with AAH score, liver histological lesions, liver TNF-alpha concentration, Maddrey score, and blood CRP concentration. Plasma concentrations of soluble forms of TNF-receptor were correlated with inflammatory lesions in the liver, Maddrey score and fibrosis score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with ALD, inflammation occurs not only in the liver, but also in the adipose tissue. Adipose tissue inflammation is correlated with the severity of pathological features in the liver. Our findings may account for the harmful interactions between body mass index, AAH, fibrosis, and cirrhosis in alcoholic patients.
authors.affiliation: AP-HP, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, Service d'hépato-gastroentérologie, Clamart F-92140, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naveau
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cassard-Doulcier
authors.forename: Micheline
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Njiké-Nakseu
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bouchet-Delbos
authors.forename: Nadège
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barri-Ova
authors.forename: Hédia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boujedidi
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dauvois
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balian
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maitre
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prévot
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dagher
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Agostini
authors.forename: Liliane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grangeot-Keros
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Emilie
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perlemuter
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005235:Fatty Liver, Alcoholic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002097:C-Reactive Protein