Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus entry into the porcine macrophage.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) emerged in the late 1980s and rapidly became one of the most significant viral pathogens in the swine industry. In vivo, the virus shows a very narrow cell tropism and targets specific subsets of porcine macrophages. The entry of PRRSV into its host cell is the first crucial step in infection and has been the focus of many fundamental studies. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on PRRSV entry into the porcine macrophage, covering virus binding, internalization and genome release, and integrates these findings into a general model of the entry process.
Van Breedam
Wander
W
Department of Virology, Parasitology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
Delputte
Peter L
PL
Van Gorp
Hanne
H
Misinzo
Gerald
G
Vanderheijden
Nathalie
N
Duan
Xiaobo
X
Nauwynck
Hans J
HJ
D000818:Animals; D008264:Macrophages / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D056189:Viral Tropism / Q000502:physiology; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology