Matrix metalloproteinases and neurotrauma: evolving roles in injury and reparative processes.
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are involved in a wide range of proteolytic events in fetal development and normal tissue remodeling as well as wound healing and inflammation. In the CNS, they have been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases ranging from multiple sclerosis to Alzheimer disease and are integral to stroke-related cell damage. Although studies implicate increased activity of MMPs in pathogenesis in the CNS, there is also a growing literature to support their participation in events that support recovery processes. Here the authors provide a brief overview of MMPs and their regulation, address their complex roles following traumatic injuries to the adult and developing CNS, and consider their time- and context-dependent signatures that influence both injury and reparative processes.
Zhang
Haoqian
H
Department of Neurosurgery, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0110, USA. haoqian.zhang@ucsf.edu
Adwanikar
Hita
H
Werb
Zena
Z
Noble-Haeusslein
Linda J
LJ
D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000502:physiology*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D020196:Trauma, Nervous System / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases
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