title: Mercury human exposure through fish consumption in a reservoir contaminated by a chlor-alkali plant: Babeni reservoir (Romania).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chlor-alkali plants are one of the most important point sources of mercury to aquatic environment. The problem of Hg contamination has been studied in a region, Rm Valcea (Romania), impacted by the wastewater discharge of a chlor-alkali plant. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the current status of mercury pollution in the Babeni reservoir (Olt River) and the exposure of local population via fish consumption to mercury originating from the chlor-alkali plant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sediments were collected from Valcea, Govora and Babeni reservoirs. Grain size distribution, organic content and total mercury (THg) concentrations were analysed in sediments. Fish were purchased from local anglers, and the scalp hair was collected from volunteers. THg in sediment, fish and hair samples was determined using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer for Hg determination. Monomethylmercury (MMHg) was analysed in the muscle and liver tissues by species-specific isotope dilution and capillary gas chromatography hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High mercury concentrations were found in the sediments and in fish from Babeni reservoir, with a median of 2.1 mg/kg (IQR = 3.2) in sediments and a mean value of 1.8 +/- 0.8 mg/kg_ww in fish muscle. MMHg concentrations in fish were well above the WHO guidelines for fish consumption. Local population consuming fish from the Babeni reservoir had THg concentrations in hair significantly higher than those consuming fish from upstream reservoirs and/or from the shops and reached a median value of 2.5 mg/kg (IQR = 3.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The remnant pollution in the fish of this reservoir, and probably many other lakes and reservoirs receiving Hg polluted wastewater, represents a considerable health risk for the local fish consumers.
authors.affiliation: Forel Institut, 10 Route Suisse, 1290, Versoix, Switzerland. andrea.garcia@unige.ch
authors.forename: Andrea Garcia
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Loizeau
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bouchet
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: Jean Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Viorel-Gheorge
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Ungureanu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amouroux
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dominik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry; D004435:Eating; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005506:Food Contamination; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D006197:Hair / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D012383:Romania; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002713:Chlorine; D008628:Mercury
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