title: Is neonatal antiretroviral therapy a risk factor for NEC occurrence?
abstract: An association between maternal human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and increased necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) risk has been reported. Viral exposure and maternal antiretroviral therapy have been described as mediators of this risk. We report a preterm patient with delayed meconium passage and subsequent NEC, in which both the above-mentioned mechanisms were excluded, suggesting that neonatal antiretroviral therapy could be the most relevant risk factor for NEC in a susceptible preterm gut.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital "A. Gemelli" Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: De Carolis
authors.forename: Serafina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lacerenza
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Iliana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bersani
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Costantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romagnoli
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D020345:Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010528:Peristalsis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015215:Zidovudine