title: Synthesis of sugar-based silica gels by copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition via a single-step azido-activated silica intermediate and the use of the gels in hydrophilic interaction chromatography.
abstract: Novel sugar-based silica gels were prepared by exploiting the copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) of two different sugar alkynes, namely, ethynyl C-galactoside 1 and propargyl O-lactoside 2, with new single-step azido-activated silica gels. The fully characterised stationary phases were generally used for hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC), with particular application in the stereoselective separation of monosaccharides. Dynamic HILIC (DHILIC) experiments were performed to evaluate the influence of mutarotation on the chromatographic peak shapes of two interconverting sugar anomers. The potential of such materials was shown in the separation of other highly polar compounds, including amino acids and flavonoids.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Organica, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moni
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciogli
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: D'Acquarica
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dondoni
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gasparrini
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marra
mesh_terms: D000480:Alkynes / Q000737:chemistry*; D001386:Azides / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D002845:Chromatography; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D003500:Cyclization; D005697:Galactosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005782:Gels / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009005:Monosaccharides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D001386:Azides; D005697:Galactosides; D005782:Gels; D009005:Monosaccharides; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D003300:Copper