title: Differential sensitivity of melanoma cell lines with BRAFV600E mutation to the specific Raf inhibitor PLX4032.
abstract: Blocking oncogenic signaling induced by the BRAFV600E mutation is a promising approach for melanoma treatment. We tested the anti-tumor effects of a specific inhibitor of Raf protein kinases, PLX4032/RG7204, in melanoma cell lines. PLX4032 decreased signaling through the MAPK pathway only in cell lines with the BRAFV600E mutation. Seven out of 10 BRAFV600E mutant cell lines displayed sensitivity based on cell viability assays and three were resistant at concentrations up to 10 muM. Among the sensitive cell lines, four were highly sensitive with IC50 values below 1 muM, and three were moderately sensitive with IC50 values between 1 and 10 muM. There was evidence of MAPK pathway inhibition and cell cycle arrest in both sensitive and resistant cell lines. Genomic analysis by sequencing, genotyping of close to 400 oncogeninc mutations by mass spectrometry, and SNP arrays demonstrated no major differences in BRAF locus amplification or in other oncogenic events between sensitive and resistant cell lines. However, metabolic tracer uptake studies demonstrated that sensitive cell lines had a more profound inhibition of FDG uptake upon exposure to PLX4032 than resistant cell lines. In conclusion, BRAFV600E mutant melanoma cell lines displayed a range of sensitivities to PLX4032 and metabolic imaging using PET probes can be used to assess sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jonas N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nazarian
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Deliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Teli
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.forename: Hooman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sazegar
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: MacConaill
authors.forename: Jordi G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Barretina
authors.forename: Sarah M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kehoe
authors.forename: Narsis
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Attar
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: von Euw
authors.forename: Jonathan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Zuckerman
authors.forename: Bartosz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chmielowski
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Comin-Anduix
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Koya
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Mischel
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribas
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D015894:Genome, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D008545:Melanoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077484:Vemurafenib; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000077484:Vemurafenib; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
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