title: Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acids and distal large bowel cancer risk in whites and African Americans.
abstract: Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have antineoplastic properties in the colon. The authors examined the association between intakes of different PUFAs and distal large bowel cancer in a population-based case-control study of 1,503 whites (716 cases; 787 controls) and 369 African Americans (213 cases; 156 controls) in North Carolina (2001-2006). Unconditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for distal large bowel cancer risk in relation to quartiles of PUFA intake. Increased consumption of long-chain omega-3 PUFAs was associated with reduced risk of distal large bowel cancer in whites (multivariable odds ratios = 0.88 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.63, 1.22), 0.69 (95% CI: 0.49, 0.98), and 0.49 (95% CI: 0.34, 0.71) for second, third, and highest vs. lowest quartile) (P(trend) < 0.01). Intake of individual eicosapentaenoic acids and docosahexaenoic acids was inversely related to distal large bowel cancer risk, whereas the ratio of omega-6 to long-chain omega-3 PUFAs was associated with increased risk of distal large bowel cancer in whites, but not among African Americans (P(interaction) < 0.05). Study results support the hypothesis that long-chain omega-3 PUFAs have beneficial effects in colorectal carcinogenesis. Whether or not the possible benefit of long-chain omega-3 PUFAs varies by race warrants further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, P.O. Box 12233, MD A3-05, 111 T. W. Alexander Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. kims3@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: Sangmi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dale P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galanko
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sandler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D004032:Diet / Q000208:ethnology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3
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