title: A review of voxel model development and radiation protection applications at ENEA.
abstract: The need of organ absorbed dose evaluation for radiation protection purposes stimulated, since the late 1960s, the development of anthropoid models to be used with radiation transport codes. Very significant improvements were introduced during the years, passing from stylised analytical human models to realistic voxel models based on computed tomography scans or MRI scans, and finally to advanced surface-geometry models. Besides illustrating the main contributions in this field from various international laboratories, this paper illustrates some applications of voxel models to internal (including in vivo monitoring) and external dosimetry for radiation protection.
authors.affiliation: ENEA-Radiation Protection Institute, Via dei Colli/16, Bologna 40136, Italy. gianfranco.gualdrini@enea.it
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gualdrini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrari
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods