title: Trends in the association between height and socioeconomic indicators in France, 1970-2003.
abstract: Average physical stature has increased dramatically during the 20th century in many populations across the world with few exceptions. It remains unclear if social inequalities in height persist despite improvements in living standards in the welfare economies of Western Europe. We examined trends in the association between height and socioeconomic indicators in adults over three decades in France. The data were drawn from the French Decennial Health Surveys: a multistage, stratified, random survey of households, representative of the population, conducted in 1970, 1980, 1991, and 2003. We categorised age into 10-year bands, 25-34, 35-44, 45-54 and 55-64 years. Education and income were the two socioeconomic measures used. The slope index of inequality (SII) was used as a summary index of absolute social inequalities in height. The results show that average height increased over this period; men and women aged 25-34 years were 171.9 and 161.2 cm tall in 1970 and 177.0 and 164.0 cm in 2003, respectively. However, education-related inequalities in height remained unchanged over this period and in men were 4.48 cm (1970), 4.71 cm (1980), 5.58 cm (1991) and 4.69 cm (2003), the corresponding figures in women were 2.41, 2.37, 3.14 and 2.96 cm. Income-related inequalities in height were smaller and much attenuated after adjustment for education. These results suggest that in France, social inequalities in adult height in absolute terms have remained unchanged across the three decades under examination.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U1018, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Bât 15/16, 16 Avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France. Archana.Singh-Manoux@inserm.fr
authors.forename: Archana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh-Manoux
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gourmelen
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferrie
authors.forename: Karri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Silventoinen
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guéguen
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stringhini
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nabi
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kivimaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
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