title: Distal biceps tendon tears in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Is the presentation and outcome of surgical treatment of distal biceps tendon tears different in women than men?
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1999 to 2008, 15 cases of distal biceps tendon tears in 13 female patients were treated surgically at a single institution. Mean age was 63 years (range, 48-79 years). A retrospective review evaluated patient presentation, diagnosis, and treatment. Postoperative outcomes were assessed by physical examination, a patient satisfaction survey, the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) elbow assessment form, and the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two-thirds of the tears were in the dominant arm, of which 7 resulted from a single injury, and 8 reported insidious onset of symptoms. All patients presented with pain in the antecubital fossa. A distinct cystic mass was palpable in 6. Of the 15 cases, 13 were partially detached, 1 was completely detached, and 1 was weakly attached. Fourteen regained full strength, and all had nearly complete range of motion. Mean follow-up was 46 months (range, 2-117 months). Eleven completed a postoperative patient satisfaction survey, ASES elbow, and DASH questionnaire. Mean scores were 95 (range, 58-100) for ASES and 7 (range, 0-43) for DASH. The only complication was a transient lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve sensory palsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distal biceps tendon tears in women present at an advanced age with no history of an acute injury. They are frequently associated with a cystic mass and have a predominance of partial tears.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distal biceps tendon tears in women present differently than in men. The tears are rarely complete and they respond well to surgical repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jockel
authors.forename: Phillip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Mulieri
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Belsky
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Leslie
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012421:Rupture / Q000601:surgery; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome