Environmental factors and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Belgrade, Serbia.
A case-control study was performed in Belgrade in order to investigate the association between Parkinson's disease (PD) and some environmental factors. During the period 2001-2005, 110 new PD cases and 220 hospital controls were interviewed. Cases and controls were matched by sex, age (+/-2 years), and place of residence (urban/rural). According to multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis, PD was positively asssociated with exposure to insecticides (odds ratio (OR) 3.22, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.32-7.87), dyes (OR 25.33; 95% CI, 2.89-222.0), and naphtha and its derivates (OR 9.53; 95% CI, 1.04-86.96), and with gardening (OR 5.51; 95% CI, 3.04-10.01), well water drinking (OR 2.62; 95% CI, 1.40-4.90), and spring water drinking (OR 2.19; 95% CI, 1.15-4.16). Negative association was found for service-sector working (OR 0.15; 95% CI, 0.04-0.59). The results obtained did not changed after adjustment for smoking. The findings of the present study support the role of environmental factors in the occurence of PD.
Vlajinac
Hristina D
HD
Institute of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Visegradska 26, Belgrade, 11000 Serbia. kristiv@eunet.rs
Hristina
Vlajinac D
VD
Sipetic
Sandra B
SB
Maksimovic
Jadranka M
JM
Marinkovic
Jelena M
JM
Dzoljic
Eleonora D
ED
Ratkov
Isidora S
IS
Kostic
Vladimir S
VS
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000383:Agriculture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012423:Rural Health; D055771:Serbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D014881:Water Supply
D010575:Pesticides