title: Risk profiles in type 2 diabetes (metabolic syndrome): integration of IL-10 polymorphisms and laboratory parameters to identify vascular damages related complications.
abstract: Recently it has been reported that low serum IL-10 levels are associated with an increased susceptibility for metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We investigated whether the -1087G/A (rs1800896), -824C/T (rs1800871), -597C/A (rs1800872) IL-10 polymorphisms were associated with type 2 diabetes in a study on a cohort of Italian Caucasians comprising 490 type 2 diabetic and 349 control subjects. Stratifying the data according to IL-10 genotypes, trends for the progressive increase of glucose and neutrophil levels were observed in -1087GG vs. -1087GA vs. -1087AA positive diabetic patients (-1087GG<-1087GA<-1087AA). In addition, evaluating the laboratory parameters according to the -597/-824/-1087 derived haplotypes a significant increase of neutrophils was found in diabetic vs. non-diabetic -597A/ -824T/-1087A positive subjects (Student t test = 3.707, p<0.01). In an attempt to integrate clinical laboratory and immunogenetic data to determine whether these factors taken together define sufficient risk sets for type 2 diabetes we performed the grade-of-membership analysis (GoM). GoM allowed to identify a population of subjects negative for IL-10 -824T allele, 74.4% of which were diabetic patients characterised by vascular damages (Chronic kidney failure and/or Myocardial Infarction), reduction of haematocrit, increase of blood urea nitrogen, creatinin and monocyte levels. These data seem to suggest that -597A/-824T/-1087A negative subjects are more prone to the major type 2 diabetic vascular damages and allow to hypothesise that the contemporary evaluation of some simple hematochemical parameters and IL-10 SNPs may allow identifying diabetic patients with the worse prognostic profile, needing both better complication prevention planning and therapeutic strategies.
authors.affiliation: Gruppo di studio sull'Immunosenescenza Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Università di Palermo, 3Istituto di Calcolo e Reti ad Alta Prestazione ICAR CNR, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pilato
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vaccarino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanacore
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Candore
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Capri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bonfigli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scola
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lio
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D016753:Interleukin-10