title: Modelling and multi-parametric control for delivery of anaesthetic agents.
abstract: This article presents model predictive controllers (MPCs) and multi-parametric model-based controllers for delivery of anaesthetic agents. The MPC can take into account constraints on drug delivery rates and state of the patient but requires solving an optimization problem at regular time intervals. The multi-parametric controller has all the advantages of the MPC and does not require repetitive solution of optimization problem for its implementation. This is achieved by obtaining the optimal drug delivery rates as a set of explicit functions of the state of the patient. The derivation of the controllers relies on using detailed models of the system. A compartmental model for the delivery of three drugs for anaesthesia is developed. The key feature of this model is that mean arterial pressure, cardiac output and unconsciousness of the patient can be simultaneously regulated. This is achieved by using three drugs: dopamine (DP), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and isoflurane. A number of dynamic simulation experiments are carried out for the validation of the model. The model is then used for the design of model predictive and multi-parametric controllers, and the performance of the controllers is analyzed.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Process Systems Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK. pinky.2.dua@gsk.com
authors.forename: Pinky
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dua
authors.forename: Efstratios N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Pistikopoulos
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D007530:Isoflurane; D004298:Dopamine
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