title: Requirement of the NF-kappaB subunit p65/RelA for K-Ras-induced lung tumorigenesis.
abstract: K-Ras-induced lung cancer is a very common disease, for which there are currently no effective therapies. Because therapy directly targeting the activity of oncogenic Ras has been unsuccessful, a different approach for novel therapy design is to identify critical Ras downstream oncogenic targets. Given that oncogenic Ras proteins activate the transcription factor NF-kappaB, and the importance of NF-kappaB in oncogenesis, we hypothesized that NF-kappaB would be an important K-Ras target in lung cancer. To address this hypothesis, we generated a NF-kappaB-EGFP reporter mouse model of K-Ras-induced lung cancer and determined that K-Ras activates NF-kappaB in lung tumors in situ. Furthermore, a mouse model was generated where activation of oncogenic K-Ras in lung cells was coupled with inactivation of the NF-kappaB subunit p65/RelA. In this model, deletion of p65/RelA reduces the number of K-Ras-induced lung tumors both in the presence and in the absence of the tumor suppressor p53. Lung tumors with loss of p65/RelA have higher numbers of apoptotic cells, reduced spread, and lower grade. Using lung cell lines expressing oncogenic K-Ras, we show that NF-kappaB is activated in these cells in a K-Ras-dependent manner and that NF-kappaB activation by K-Ras requires inhibitor of kappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta) kinase activity. Taken together, these results show the importance of the NF-kappaB subunit p65/RelA in K-Ras-induced lung transformation and identify IKKbeta as a potential therapeutic target for K-Ras-induced lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Daniela S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bassères
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ebbs
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Levantini
authors.forename: Albert S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Baldwin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016158:Genes, p53; D011905:Genes, ras; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase
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