title: Effects of fulvic acid and humic acid on aluminum speciation in drinking water.
abstract: This article focused on the influences of fulvic acid and humic acid on aluminum speciation in drinking water. Factors including the concentration of residual chlorine and pH value had been concerned. Aluminum species investigated in the experiments included inorganic mononuclear, organic mononuclear, mononuclear, polymer, soluble, and suspended forms. It was found that the effects of fulvic acid and humic acid on aluminum speciation depended mainly on their molecular weight. Fulvic acid with molecular weight less than 5000 Dalton had little influence on aluminum speciation; while fulvic acid with molecular weight larger than 5000 Dalton and humic acid would increase the concentration of soluble aluminum significantly even at concentration below 0.5 mg/L (calculated as TOC). Aluminum species, in the present of fulvic acid with molecular weight larger than 5000 Dalton and humic acid, were more stable than that in the present of fluvic acid with molecular mass less than 5000 Dalton, and varied little with reaction time. Within pH range 6.5-7.5, soluble aluminum increased notably in water with organic matter. As the concentration of residual chlorine increased, the effects of fulvic acid and humic acid became weak. The reactions between humic acid, fulvic acid with large molecular weight, and aluminum were considered to be a multi-dentate coordination process. With the consideration of aluminum bioavailability, reducing the concentration of fulvic acid and humic acid and keeping the pH value among 6.5-7.5 were recommended during drinking water treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. wwd@xauat.edu.cn
authors.forename: Wendong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaochang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Wanpeng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000737:chemistry*; D002713:Chlorine; D006812:Humic Substances / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D006812:Humic Substances; D002713:Chlorine; D000535:Aluminum; C005023:fulvic acid