title: Tissue factor and thrombosis models.
abstract: Mouse models of thrombosis have extended our understanding of the role of tissue factor (TF) in thrombogenesis. Because tissue factor deficiency is embryonic lethal in mice, inventive genetic models are required to probe the role of TF in thrombosis. TF is expressed by different cell types, including vascular smooth muscle cells, cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and monocytes. Platelets and endothelial cells also express TF under certain conditions, but the importance of this TF remains controversial. Animal models are commonly used to evaluate the contribution of TF from each cell type to thrombogenesis. Although a variety of well-established injury techniques are used to induce thrombosis, it is likely that the sources of TF that drive thrombosis are model dependent. Therefore, rigorous controls are needed before thrombogenesis can be attributed to TF from a particular cell type. This review summarizes data from mouse models that have attempted to delineate the role of TF in thrombus formation in response to various types of vascular injury. We have consolidated this information to generate unifying concepts that require testing in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Colin A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kretz
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vaezzadeh
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000293:injuries; D002712:Chlorides; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005838:Genotype; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010641:Phenotype; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D013925:Thromboplastin; C024555:ferric chloride