title: Analgesic, anti-inflammatory and anti-platelet activities of the  methanolic extract of Acacia modesta leaves.
abstract: The current study was aimed to evaluate Acacia modesta for analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet activities. The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects were assessed in rodents using acetic acid and formalin-induced nociception, hot plate and carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema tests. The intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of the methanolic extract (50 and 100 mg/kg) produced significant inhibition (P\0.01) of the acetic acid-induced writhing in mice and suppressed formalin-induced licking response of animals in both phases of the test. In the hot plate assay the plant extract (100 mg/kg) increased pain threshold of mice. Naloxone (5 mg/kg i.p.) partially reversed the analgesic effect of the extract in formalin and hot plate tests.A. modesta (100 and 200 mg/kg i.p.) exhibited sedative effect in barbiturate-induced hypnosis test similar to that produced by diazepam (10 mg/kg i.p.). The plant extract(50-200 mg/kg i.p.) produced marked anti-inflammatory effect in carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema assay comparable to diclofenac and produced a dose-dependent(0.5-2.5 mg/mL) inhibitory effect against arachidonic acid induced platelet aggregation. These data suggest that A. modesta possesses peripheral analgesic and antiinflammatory properties, with analgesic effects partially associated with the opioid system.
authors.affiliation: Section Pharmacology, Shifa College of Medicine, Islamabad, Pakistane. bukharirph@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ishfaq A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Bukhari
authors.forename: Rafeeq A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Anwar H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Gilani
authors.forename: Sagheer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Sheikh Arshad
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Saeed
mesh_terms: D000045:Acacia; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D010147:Pain Measurement; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
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