title: Effect of the averaging volume and algorithm on the in situ electric field for uniform electric- and magnetic-field exposures.
abstract: The present study quantified the volume-averaged in situ electric field in nerve tissues of anatomically based numeric Japanese male and female models for exposure to extremely low-frequency electric and magnetic fields. A quasi-static finite-difference time-domain method was applied to analyze this problem. The motivation of our investigation is that the dependence of the electric field induced in nerve tissue on the averaging volume/distance is not clear, while a cubical volume of 5 x 5 x 5 mm(3) or a straight-line segment of 5 mm is suggested in some documents. The influence of non-nerve tissue surrounding nerve tissue is also discussed by considering three algorithms for calculating the averaged in situ electric field in nerve tissue. The computational results obtained herein reveal that the volume-averaged electric field in the nerve tissue decreases with the averaging volume. In addition, the 99th percentile value of the volume-averaged in situ electric field in nerve tissue is more stable than that of the maximal value for different averaging volume. When including non-nerve tissue surrounding nerve tissue in the averaging volume, the resultant in situ electric fields were not so dependent on the averaging volume as compared to the case excluding non-nerve tissue. In situ electric fields averaged over a distance of 5 mm were comparable or larger than that for a 5 x 5 x 5 mm(3) cube depending on the algorithm, nerve tissue considered and exposure scenarios.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan. ahirata@nitech.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akimasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Yukinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamimura
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000528:radiation effects; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004560:Electricity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000528:radiation effects