title: The development and feasibility of a ward-based physiotherapy and nutritional rehabilitation package for people experiencing critical illness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate ward-based rehabilitation after critical illness and undertake a pilot study exploring the feasibility of delivering enhanced physiotherapy and nutritional rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Service evaluation (part A) and pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial (part B).
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital inpatient wards following discharge from intensive care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Part A involved 24 people with an intensive care stay of four days or more. Part B involved 16 participants randomized into a control (n = 8) or intervention (n = 8) group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Part A defined the current 'standard' physiotherapy and nutritional interventions. In part B the control group received this 'standard' service while the intervention group received this 'standard' service plus enhanced rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Part A collected process outcomes of current interventions and outcomes that included calorie and protein intake and the Rivermead Mobility Index. In part B process outcomes determined differences between groups. Outcomes included those undertaken in part A plus an incremental shuttle test, handgrip dynamometry and visual analogue scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Part A found low levels of ward-based physiotherapy (walking and transfer practice once per week) and dietetic input (0.8 visits per week). Part B found an increased frequency of both physiotherapy (P = 0.002) and dietetic (P = 0.001) visits in the intervention group. Physical and nutritional outcomes were suitable for use after critical illness, but no statistically significant differences were found between groups. Power calculations indicated 100 participants per group would be required for a definitive study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This feasibility pilot work has informed the design of a larger study to evaluate enhanced rehabilitation following critical illness.
authors.affiliation: The University of Edinburgh, Centre for Integrated Healthcare, School of Health in Social Science, Edinburgh, UK. Lisa.Salisbury@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Merriweather
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004035:Diet Therapy; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D010865:Pilot Projects