title: Testosterone and heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a common condition with significant morbidity despite optimal medical therapy. Standard therapy involves inhibiting the maladaptive changes of metabolism and neuro-hormones that characterize the syndrome of CHF. Anabolic deficiency is a major component of the CHF syndrome and testosterone replacement therapy has been subject to recent trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recent literature shows that physiological testosterone replacement therapy leads to modest improvements in voluntary muscle strength, lean muscle mass, endurance and positive effects on neuro-muscular and baro-receptor reflexes. Long-term efficacy and safety remain unstudied at present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Testosterone replacement therapy appears to improve metabolism and endurance in patients with CHF; further trials will be necessary before widespread use. Physicians who regularly treat patients with CHF may consider testosterone therapy but it is likely that they will require the advice and support from endocrine specialists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Chris J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Malkin
authors.forename: Kevin S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Channer
authors.forename: T Hugh
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013739:Testosterone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone