title: Percutaneous adrenal biopsy for indeterminate adrenal lesion: complications and diagnostic accuracy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To critically analyze the role, accuracy and safety of percutaneous adrenal biopsy for indeterminate adrenal lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adrenal biopsies were performed in 15 among 214 patients (7%) diagnosed with adrenal masses being indeterminate on preoperative imaging. Definitive histopathology was obtained in all and overall sensitivity and negative predictive value were calculated. Safety of the procedure was reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 8 male and 7 female patients with a mean age of 33.3 +/- 20.3 years (range 7-65). Biopsy was carried out under computed tomography and ultrasound guidance in 12 and 3 patients, respectively. There were 2 nonrepresentative biopsies that were proved to be adrenocortical carcinoma and myelolipoma after adrenalectomy. Results of biopsy in the remaining 13 patients provided accurate diagnosis as proved by definitive histopathology in all but 2 in whom the final diagnosis was established as adrenocortical carcinoma while biopsy was paraganglioma in one and cortical adenoma in the other. Overall sensitivity and negative predictive value of adrenal biopsy was 73.3 and 60%, respectively. Apart from two mild hypertensive episodes following silent pheochromocytoma biopsy, no complications were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous biopsy is a safe procedure for the diagnosis of pathologic conditions of the adrenal gland with a reasonable diagnostic aid.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt. y_osman99@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yasser
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Mekresh
authors.forename: Abdul-Monem
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gomha
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mohsen
authors.forename: Noheir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hussein
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Eraky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult