Hyaluronic acid signals for repair in ethanol-induced apoptosis in skin cells in vitro.
Ethanol is commonly used in cosmetic and pharmaceutical preparations.


OBJECTIVE
The present study aimed to assess ethanol-induced apoptosis and the possible repair by hyaluronic acid (HA) in vitro. In addition we aimed to determine the modulation of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and interferon (IFN-alpha).


METHODS
We treated human A431 epidermoid skin cells and mouse fibroblasts with two concentrations of ethanol for 24h. HA obtained from umbilical cord excision was used at three concentration levels (2%, 4% and 8%) to determine its efficacy in the treatment. We measured cytotoxicity, TNF-alpha and IFN-alpha and visualized the cultures by electron microscopy.


RESULTS
Treatment of cells with ethanol at 50mM and 100mM increased both the percentage of cells undergoing apoptosis, as well as the release of TNF-alpha into the culture medium.


CONCLUSIONS
Ethanol may induce apoptosis in skin cells by enhancing the effects of TNF-alpha. HA in the 2% and 4% concentrations reduced TNF-alpha and morphological inflammation both in human A431 epidermoid skin cells and in mouse fibroblasts.
Neuman
Manuela G
MG
Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M56 1L7. manuela.neuman@utoronto.ca
Oruña
Loida
L
Coto
Gabriel
G
Lago
Guillermo
G
Nanau
Radu
R
Vincent
Marc
M
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis
D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000431:Ethanol; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid