title: HDAC2 attenuates TRAIL-induced apoptosis of pancreatic cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the most malignant tumors with a dismal prognosis and no effective conservative therapeutic strategies. Although it is demonstrated that histone deacetylases (HDACs), especially the class I HDACs HDAC1, 2 and 3 are highly expressed in this disease, little is known about HDAC isoenzyme specific functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depletion of HDAC2, but not HDAC1, in the pancreatic cancer cell lines MiaPaCa2 and Panc1 resulted in a marked sensitization towards the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL). Correspondingly, the more class I selective HDAC inhibitor (HDACI) valproic acid (VPA) synergized with TRAIL to induce apoptosis of MiaPaCa2 and Panc1 cells. At the molecular level, an increased expression of the TRAIL receptor 1 (DR5), accelerated processing of caspase 8, pronounced cleavage of the BH3-only protein Bid, and increased effector caspase activation was observed in HDAC2-depleted and TRAIL-treated MiaPaCa2 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data characterize a novel HDAC2 function in PDAC cells and point to a strategy to overcome TRAIL resistance of PDAC cells, a prerequisite to succeed with a TRAIL targeted therapy in clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, II, Medizinische Klinik, Ismaninger Str, 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fritsche
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diersch
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arlt
authors.forename: Roland M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saur
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014635:Valproic Acid; C533423:HDAC2 protein, human; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2
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