title: Association of glucose metabolism with diastolic function along the diabetic continuum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance have been linked to diastolic dysfunction experimentally. We investigated the association between glucose metabolism and diastolic function along the whole spectrum of glucose metabolism states.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the observational Diagnostic Trial on Prevalence and Clinical Course of Diastolic Dysfunction and Diastolic Heart Failure (DIAST-CHF) study, patients with risk factors for heart failure were included. We analysed data including comprehensive echocardiography from a subgroup of patients classified by OGTT and history as normal (n = 343), prediabetic (n = 229) and non-insulin treated (n = 335) or insulin-treated (n = 178) type 2 diabetic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While ejection fraction did not differ, markers of diastolic function significantly worsened across groups. Prediabetes represented an intermediate between normal glucose metabolism and diabetes with regard to echocardiography changes. Prevalence and severity of diastolic dysfunction increased significantly (p < 0.001) along the diabetic continuum. Glucose metabolism status was significantly associated with prevalence of diastolic dysfunction on multivariate logistic regression analysis. In the whole cohort, HbA(1c) correlated with early diastolic mitral inflow velocity (E):early diastolic tissue Doppler velocity at mitral annulus (e') ratio (E:e') (r = 0.20, p < 0.001). HbA(1c) was significantly associated with E:e' on multivariate analysis. Similarly, glucose metabolism status was significantly associated with E:e' on multivariate analysis. The distance walked in 6 min decreased along the diabetic spectrum and was significantly correlated with E:e' and grade of diastolic dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucose metabolism is associated with diastolic dysfunction across the whole spectrum. Our data extend previous observations into the prediabetic and normal range, and may be relevant to preventive approaches, as no effective treatment has been identified for diastolic heart failure once established.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Goettingen, 37075, Goettingen, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stahrenberg
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Edelmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mende
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kockskämper
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Düngen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Kochen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herrmann-Lingen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schönbrunn
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gelbrich
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasenfuss
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pieske
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wachter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology*; D004452:Echocardiography; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D054144:Heart Failure, Diastolic / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005947:Glucose
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