title: Echinacea purpurea aerial extract alters course of influenza infection in mice.
abstract: Influenza infection is a major clinical problem and Echinacea purpurea, a widely consumed botanical product, is purported to alter the course of respiratory infections including influenza. Mice infected with WSN influenza A and treated with E. purpurea polysaccharide extract had less weight loss than untreated mice but similar pulmonary viral titers. Echinacea-treated mice had lower systemic and pulmonary KC and IL-10 levels and lower systemic IFN-gamma levels following influenza infection. These suggest that E. purpurea alters the clinical course of influenza infection in mice through modulation of cytokines and not direct antiviral activity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Weill Cornell Medical College, NY, United States.
authors.forename: Dahlene
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fusco
authors.forename: Xinyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taur
authors.forename: Weilie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kennelly
authors.forename: Jianda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Barrie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cassileth
authors.forename: Mirella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvatore
authors.forename: Genovefa A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Papanicolaou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D020900:Echinacea / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D016753:Interleukin-10
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