Cryptococcal meningitis in a newly diagnosed AIDS patient: a case report.
BACKGROUND
Cryptococcus neoformans is a very important cause of fungal meningitis in immunosuppressed patients


OBJECTIVE
To describe a case of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in an HIV/AIDS patient from the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital.


METHODS
An 18 -year -old male student presented with cough, weight loss, and fever. He was clinically assessed and had full laboratory investigations including cerebrospinal fluid CSF and then started on chemotherapy. Both the clinical and neurological evaluation of the patient was described along with the laboratory analyses of his CSF. Outcome of how he was managed was also reported.


RESULTS
Cryptococcus neoformans presented as an AIDS defining fungal infection for the first time in this 18 year old undergraduate who was infected probably from transfusion of unscreened blood He had advanced HIV infection (CD4+ count of 29 cells/ul) and severe cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. He was unsuccessfully managed with fluconazole, a second choice drug for this condition, amphotericin B being not available.


CONCLUSIONS
Nigerians should have access to effective blood transfusion services at all public and private hospitals across the country. The National Essential Drug list should be expanded to include drugs such as amphotericin B which hitherto were considered exotic.
Salami
A K
AK
Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin.
Ogunmodele
J A
JA
Fowotade
A
A
Nwabuisi
C
C
Wahab
K W
KW
Desalu
O O
OO
Fadeyi
A
A
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000293:Adolescent; D000666:Amphotericin B; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018954:Drugs, Essential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D009549:Nigeria; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D018954:Drugs, Essential; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole