[Observation of family interaction with video].
This article presents an overview on how to structure, carry out and evaluate observed family interaction with video. The emphasis lays on tasks used to stimulate family interaction. The examples cited illustrate different approaches to evaluation. Results of our latest research are presented which refer to (1) the clinical differentiation possibilities of macroanalytic observational scales, (2) the situational specificity of interactive behaviour in a comparison between a structured game situation and a minimally-structured planning discussion, and (3) the relation between various levels of family organisation (individuals, dyads of parent, parent-child-relationship, and family system). Families of 31 children with internalizing disorders and 30 children with externalizing disorders (age: 4-15 years) were included in the study and compared to a healthy control group (21 Children). Family interactions showing the family either as a group playing or planning something together were videotaped and rated independently in each case by two trained and "blind" observers using the Munich Interactional Scales and the Beavers Interactional Scales approaches. Characteristics of the interaction could be identified which were consistent/stable for all children in both situations, or which changed depending on the situation. Individual patterns of behaviour of children with emotional or behavioural problems depend on the level of structure and demands in the situation. Different levels of family organisation (individuals, dyads of parent, parent-child-relationship and family system) are related. The advantages of using videotapes of family interactions in family assessment could be demonstrated. These findings should be taken into account in child treatment, family counselling and therapy.
Steininger
Christine
C
Heckscher-Klinikum gGmbH, Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychosomatik, Psychotherapie, München. Christine.Steininger@web.de
D000293:Adolescent; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D054541:Family Conflict / Q000523:psychology*; D005196:Family Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012931:Social Environment; D014741:Video Recording