title: Evolution of Escherichia coli for growth at high temperatures.
abstract: Evolution depends on the acquisition of genomic mutations that increase cellular fitness. Here, we evolved Escherichia coli MG1655 cells to grow at extreme temperatures. We obtained a maximum growth temperature of 48.5 degrees C, which was not increased further upon continuous cultivation at this temperature for >600 generations. Despite a permanently induced heat shock response in thermoresistant cells, only exquisitely high GroEL/GroES levels are essential for growth at 48.5 degrees C. They depend on the presence of lysyl-tRNA-synthetase, LysU, because deletion of lysU rendered thermoresistant cells thermosensitive. Our data suggest that GroEL/GroES are especially required for the folding of mutated proteins generated during evolution. GroEL/GroES therefore appear as mediators of evolution of extremely heat-resistant E. coli cells.
authors.affiliation: Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, 85747 Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rudolph
authors.forename: Katharina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Gebendorfer
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buchner
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winter
mesh_terms: D018835:Chaperonin 10 / Q000378:metabolism; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000378:metabolism; D018833:Chaperonins / Q000737:chemistry; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018835:Chaperonin 10; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D018833:Chaperonins
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