title: Two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy of lipid-encapsulated fluorescent nanodiamonds in living cells.
abstract: Dynamics of fluorescent diamond nanoparticles in HeLa cells has been studied with two-photon fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) is an excellent fluorescent probe for bioimaging application, but they are often trapped in endosomes after cellular uptake. The entrapment prohibits FCS from being performed in a time frame of 60 s. Herein, we show that the encapsulation of FNDs within a lipid layer enhances the diffusion of the particles in the cytoplasm by more than one order of magnitude, and particles as small as 40 nm can be probed individually with high image contrast by two-photon excited luminescence. The development of the technique together with single particle tracking through one-photon excitation allows probing of both short-term and long-term dynamics of single FNDs in living cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 106, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yuen Yung
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Bailin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Cheng-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Huan-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jui-Hung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Fu-Hsiung
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D018130:Diamond / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D018130:Diamond