Phospholipases A2 in ocular homeostasis and diseases.
Phospholipases A(2) (PLA(2)s) and its generation of second messengers play an important role in signal transduction, cell proliferation, cell survival and gene expression. At low concentrations mediators of PLA(2) activity have a variety of physiological effects whereas high levels of PLA(2) and its metabolites are generated during pathological conditions. The eye is an immunoprivileged organ with tight barriers and a complex interplay among various cell types. Overall, vision is a complex process which requires a clear corneal surface and lens, and thereby a clear pathway through the eye into the retina. In the retina the photoreceptors transmit light into neuronal signals that are finally transferred to the brain to perceive an image. Growing knowledge of a role of PLA(2) in ocular diseases appears and the present review aims to summarize the vast literature on PLA(2) in the normal eye as well as during pathological conditions.
Wang
Jinmei
J
Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, building 18:3, 2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Kolko
Miriam
M
D000818:Animals; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000201:enzymology*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D054467:Phospholipases A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D054467:Phospholipases A2