title: Surgical therapy and prognosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder is rare and its characteristics are poorly understood. This study aimed to understand the behavior and prognosis of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder as well as its clinical manifestations and survival rate of patients after radical or palliative surgery, and to review the reported data worldwide and our 10 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2004 to 2009, ten patients were pathologically diagnosed with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder and underwent operation at our center. These characteristics, clinical presentations, tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging, surgical modes, and prognosis were reviewed, retrospectively. We collected the data of 46 patients reported in the English-language literature worldwide and analyzed the survival with ours. The survival rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and was compared using the log-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age of the 10 patients was 67 years (inter-quartile range 59-74 years), and the size of tumor inter-quartile ranged from 3.1 to 7.9 cm. In this series, 9 patients received radical surgery, and one undewent palliative surgery. There was no surgical mortality, and one patient underwent a second operation because of liver metastasis. The median survival time of the patients was 9 months (inter-quartile range 6-12 months), with 3 patients still being alive until follow-up; however, two patients had tumor recurrence. The data from the 56 patients (10 patients in our series and 46 reported elsewhere) statistically indicated that the median age was 66 years (inter-quartile range 61-74.5 years) and the overall median survival was 5.5 months (inter-quartile range 2.5-10 months). The survival time in the patients undergoing radical surgery (n=42) was significantly longer than that in the patients undergoing palliative surgery (n=14)(P=0.031).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survival of the patients with sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder is poor. Some patients may die shortly after the surgery because of recurrence or metastasis. However, radical surgery is still necessary if possible.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China
authors.forename: Zhen-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shu-Sen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis