title: The impact of environmental and occupational exposures on reproductive health.
abstract: Environmental exposures during critical periods of susceptibility in utero may result in lifelong or intergenerational adverse health effects. Most chemicals in commercial use in the United States have not been tested for possible developmental toxicity to fetuses, infants, and children. Environmental and occupational exposures can result in adverse effects on female and male reproduction. Nurses can identify at-risk patients, provide education about the impact of chemical toxicants, and empower women to take precautionary action.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Nursing Program, Worcester State College, Worcester, MA and a visiting scientist in Occupational and Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA.. Electronic address: stephanie.chalupka@worcester.edu.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chalupka
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
authors.forename: Andrew N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Chalupka
mesh_terms: D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000517:prevention & control; D004782:Environmental Health / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D017283:Neonatal Nursing; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D009773:Obstetric Nursing; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018456:Reproductive Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances