Maintaining physical activity among older adults: 24-month outcomes of the Keep Active Minnesota randomized controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy at 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up of Keep Active Minnesota (KAM), a telephone and mail-based intervention designed to promote physical activity (PA) maintenance among currently active adults age 50 to 70.


METHODS
Participants who reported having recently increased their MVPA to a minimum of 2d/wk, 30 min/bout, (N=1049) were recruited in 2004 and 2005 from one large managed care organization in Minnesota, and randomly assigned to either treatment (KAM; N=523), or Usual Care (UC; N=526) with PA assessed using the CHAMPS questionnaire, and expressed as kcal/wk energy expenditure.


RESULTS
We find a sustained, significant benefit of the intervention at 6, 12 and 24 months. kcal/wk expenditure in moderate or vigorous activities was higher at 6 (p<.03, Cohen's d(6m)=.16), 12 (p<.04, d(12 m)=.13) and 24 months (p<.01, d(24 m)=.16) for KAM participants, compared to UC participants.


CONCLUSIONS
The KAM telephone- and mail-based PA maintenance intervention was effective at maintaining PA in both the short-term (6 months) and longer-term (12 and 24 months) relative to usual care.
Martinson
Brian C
BC
HealthPartners Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN 55440-1524, USA. Brian.C.Martinson@HealthPartners.Com
Sherwood
Nancy E
NE
Crain
A Lauren
AL
Hayes
Marcia G
MG
King
Abby C
AC
Pronk
Nico P
NP
O'Connor
Patrick J
PJ
D000368:Aged; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D013689:Telephone
Prev Med. 2003 Oct;37(4):319-26
14507488
JAMA. 1999 Dec 15;282(23):2235-9
10605975
Prev Med. 2009 Oct;49(4):286-8
19631233
Public Health. 2005 May;119(5):361-70
15780323
Biometrics. 1982 Dec;38(4):963-74
7168798
Contemp Clin Trials. 2005 Apr;26(2):141-54
15837437
Health Psychol. 2001 Nov;20(6):438-44
11714186
Am J Public Health. 2005 Oct;95(10):1825-31
16186461
J Behav Med. 2005 Aug;28(4):385-94
16049630
Am J Health Promot. 2000 Jul-Aug;14(6):380-5, iii
11067573
Am J Prev Med. 2002 Feb;22(2):120-33
11818183
JAMA. 2004 Sep 22;292(12):1454-61
15383516
Gerontologist. 2004 Apr;44(2):217-28
15075418
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Dec;27(12):1584-92
14517547
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004 Apr;52(4):502-9
15066063
J Clin Oncol. 2007 Jun 10;25(17):2352-9
17557948
J Clin Epidemiol. 1992 Jun;45(6):613-9
1607900
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2008 Sep;63(9):997-1004
18840807
Prev Med. 2008 Oct;47(4):354-68
18675845
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1995 Nov;43(11):1198-206
7594152
J Ambul Care Manage. 1998 Jan;21(1):67-73
10181341
Am J Health Promot. 2008 May-Jun;22(5):318-21
18517091
JAMA. 2002 Nov 13;288(18):2300-6
12425707
Prev Med. 2003 Jan;36(1):17-29
12473421
J Phys Act Health. 2009 Nov;6(s2):S220-S235
28872438
J Aging Phys Act. 2007 Apr;15(2):152-65
17556782
Am J Prev Med. 1999 May;16(4):307-13
10493287
Prev Med. 2008 Feb;46(2):111-9
17904629
Am J Clin Nutr. 2004 Aug;80(2):308-16
15277150
Health Psychol. 2007 May;26(3):375-80
17500625
J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2001 Aug;56(8):M465-70
11487597
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2008 Oct;56(10):1821-30
18795987
Int J Obes (Lond). 2006 Oct;30(10):1565-73
16552408
J Clin Epidemiol. 2008 Dec;61(12):1234-1240
18619805
J Sci Med Sport. 2004 Apr;7(1 Suppl):30-8
15214599
Ann Behav Med. 2005 Oct;30(2):138-45
16173910
J Aging Phys Act. 2004 Oct;12(4):480-96
15851821
Health Educ Behav. 2004 Apr;31(2):143-64
15090118
J Phys Act Health. 2010 Jan;7(1):127-35
20231764
Br J Sports Med. 1998 Mar;32(1):11-6
9562157
J Clin Oncol. 2005 May 20;23(15):3577-87
15908668
Prev Chronic Dis. 2005 Oct;2(4):A09
16164813
Prev Med. 2009 Oct;49(4):316-21
19589352
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Feb;53(2):283-9
15673353
Am J Manag Care. 2002 Oct;8(10):847-57
12395953
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Jul;33(7):1126-41
11445760
Health Psychol. 2007 Nov;26(6):718-27
18020844
J Ambul Care Manage. 1997 Oct;20(4):24-31
10181620
Ann Behav Med. 1997 Fall;19(4):353-61
9706362
Int J Sports Med. 2003 Aug;24(6):459-64
12905096
N Engl J Med. 2001 May 3;344(18):1343-50
11333990
Ann Behav Med. 2005 Oct;30(2):146-54
16173911
Am J Prev Med. 1999 Apr;16(3):230-9
10198663
Am J Public Health. 1999 Sep;89(9):1322-7
10474547
J Public Health (Oxf). 2005 Mar;27(1):25-32
15564275
Arch Intern Med. 2001 May 14;161(9):1173-80
11343440
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16;(2):CD005381
18425918
BMC Geriatr. 2008 Jul 25;8:17
18655709
JAMA. 2001 Aug 8;286(6):677-87
11495617
Ann Behav Med. 2006 Feb;31(1):99-103
16472044
J Sci Med Sport. 2006 Aug;9(4):319-26
16621699
Am J Prev Med. 2005 Nov;29(4):247-55
16242586
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Nov;53(11):1951-6
16274377
Am J Prev Med. 2007 May;32(5):419-34
17478269
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2004 Jul;52(7):1098-104
15209647
JAMA. 1998 Mar 4;279(9):669-74
9496984
J Am Geriatr Soc. 1998 Oct;46(10):1191-8
9777899
JAMA. 1999 Jan 27;281(4):327-34
9929085
J Am Geriatr Soc. 2000 Aug;48(8):952-60
10968301
Ann Behav Med. 1999 Spring;21(1):40-7
18425653
Annu Rev Public Health. 1992;13:99-126
1599603
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004 Mar;36(3):533-53
15076798
Am J Prev Med. 2008 Oct;35(4):340-51
18779028
Circulation. 1995 May 15;91(10):2596-604
7743622
J Clin Epidemiol. 1994 Nov;47(11):1245-51
7722560