title: Perception of competence in middle school physical education: instrument development and validation.
abstract: Perception of Competence (POC) has been studied extensively in physical activity (PA) research with similar instruments adapted for physical education (PE) research. Such instruments do not account for the unique PE learning environment. Therefore, an instrument was developed and the scores validated to measure POC in middle school PE. A multiphase design was used consisting of an intensive theoretical review, elicitation study, prepilot study, pilot study, content validation study, and final validation study (N=1281). Data analysis included a multistep iterative process to identify the best model fit. A three-factor model for POC was tested and resulted in root mean square error of approximation = .09, root mean square residual = .07, goodness offit index = .90, and adjusted goodness offit index = .86 values in the acceptable range (Hu & Bentler, 1999). A two-factor model was also tested and resulted in a good fit (two-factor fit indexes values = .05, .03, .98, .97, respectively). The results of this study suggest that an instrument using a three- or two-factor model provides reliable and valid scores ofPOC measurement in middle school PE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, University of Delaware, USA. ksf@udel.edu
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scrabis-Fletcher
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silverman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D017145:Models, Educational; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009042:Motivation; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011361:Professional Competence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012574:Schools; D012938:Social Perception; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013334:Students; D013663:Teaching