title: Cellulosilyticum ruminicola, a newly described rumen bacterium that possesses redundant fibrolytic-protein-encoding genes and degrades lignocellulose with multiple carbohydrate- borne fibrolytic enzymes.
abstract: Cellulosilyticum ruminicola H1 is a newly described bacterium isolated from yak (Bos grunniens) rumen and is characterized by its ability to grow on a variety of hemicelluloses and degrade cellulosic materials. In this study, we performed the whole-genome sequencing of C. ruminicola H1 and observed a comprehensive set of genes encoding the enzymes essential for hydrolyzing plant cell wall. The corresponding enzymatic activities were also determined in strain H1; these included endoglucanases, cellobiohydrolases, xylanases, mannanase, pectinases, and feruloyl esterases and acetyl esterases to break the interbridge cross-link, as well as the enzymes that degrade the glycosidic bonds. This bacterium appears to produce polymer hydrolases that act on both soluble and crystal celluloses. Approximately half of the cellulytic activities, including cellobiohydrolase (50%), feruloyl esterase (45%), and one third of xylanase (31%) and endoglucanase (36%) activities were bound to cellulosic fibers. However, only a minority of mannase (6.78%) and pectinase (1.76%) activities were fiber associated. Strain H1 seems to degrade the plant-derived polysaccharides by producing individual fibrolytic enzymes, whereas the majority of polysaccharide hydrolases contain carbohydrate-binding module. Cellulosome or cellulosomelike protein complex was never isolated from this bacterium. Thus, the fibrolytic enzyme production of strain H1 may represent a different strategy in cellulase organization used by most of other ruminal microbes, but it applies the fungal mode of cellulose production.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shichun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Jiabao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fen Ze
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Kegui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuanming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Janto
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boissy
authors.forename: Garth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.forename: Xiuzhu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle / Q000382:microbiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D011134:Polysaccharides; D006867:Hydrolases
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