title: A Western-like fat diet is sufficient to induce a gradual enhancement in fat mass over generations.
abstract: The prevalence of obesity has steadily increased over the last few decades. During this time, populations of industrialized countries have been exposed to diets rich in fat with a high content of linoleic acid and a low content of alpha-linolenic acid compared with recommended intake. To assess the contribution of dietary fatty acids, male and female mice fed a high-fat diet (35% energy as fat, linoleic acid:alpha-linolenic acid ratio of 28) were mated randomly and maintained after breeding on the same diet for successive generations. Offspring showed, over four generations, a gradual enhancement in fat mass due to combined hyperplasia and hypertrophy with no change in food intake. Transgenerational alterations in adipokine levels were accompanied by hyperinsulinemia. Gene expression analyses of the stromal vascular fraction of adipose tissue, over generations, revealed discrete and steady changes in certain important players, such as CSF3 and Nocturnin. Thus, under conditions of genome stability and with no change in the regimen over four generations, we show that a Western-like fat diet induces a gradual fat mass enhancement, in accordance with the increasing prevalence of obesity observed in humans.
authors.affiliation: Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, CNRS, IBDC, UMR 6543, 06107 Nice, France.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Massiera
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barbry
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guesnet
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joly
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luquet
authors.forename: Chimène
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moreilhon-Brest
authors.forename: Tala
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mohsen-Kanson
authors.forename: Ez-Zoubir
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Amri
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ailhaud
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D019366:Western World; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid
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