title: Tuning payload delivery in tumour cylindroids using gold nanoparticles.
abstract: Nanoparticles have great potential as controllable drug delivery vehicles because of their size and modular functionality. Timing and location are important parameters when optimizing nanoparticles for delivery of chemotherapeutics. Here, we show that gold nanoparticles carrying either fluorescein or doxorubicin molecules move and localize differently in an in vitro three-dimensional model of tumour tissue, depending on whether the nanoparticles are positively or negatively charged. Fluorescence microscopy and mathematical modelling show that uptake, not diffusion, is the dominant mechanism in particle delivery. Our results indicate that positive particles may be more effective for drug delivery because they are taken up to a greater extent by proliferating cells. Negative particles, which diffuse more quickly, may perform better when delivering drugs deep into tissues. An understanding of how surface charge can control tissue penetration and drug release may overcome some of the current limitations in drug delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9303, USA.
authors.forename: Byoungjin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Bhushan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Toley
authors.forename: Chae-Kyu
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Vincent M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Rotello
authors.forename: Neil S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Forbes
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D006046:Gold; D004317:Doxorubicin; D019793:Fluorescein
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