title: Prevalence, pathogenesis, and impact of atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence, pathophysiology, and consequences of atrial fibrillation (AF) and the risk factors for the rhythm disturbance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of AF, a common age-related disorder that causes substantial morbidity and mortality, is increasing. Structural heart disease (e.g., coronary heart disease, hypertension, heart failure, valvular heart disease) is a common comorbidity of and risk factor for AF, although various other factors have been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. The risk for AF and ischemic stroke, a major complication of AF, can be estimated using risk-scoring systems. The rate of hospitalization for AF and the costs of treating AF are increasing in the United States.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding the pathogenesis of and risk factors for AF and using risk-scoring systems to estimate the risk for AF and stroke can facilitate treatment of this rhythm disorder and potentially minimize its morbidity, mortality, and costs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Jefferson School of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107-5233, USA. cynthia.sanoski@jefferson.edu
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sanoski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000150:complications*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology