title: Management of triple negative breast cancer.
abstract: Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15% of breast cancer cases. TNBC is an immunohistochemically defined subtype, with significant diversity within the subtype. Generally TNBC occurs in younger women and is marked by high rates of relapse, visceral and CNS metastases, and early death. Current therapy fails to curtail the innate aggressive behaviour of TNBC in the majority of patients. The poor prognosis coupled with a lack of targeted use of therapies is reflected in the high mortality. In a minority of patients with highly chemosensitive disease, no robust clinical evidence exists to guide use of current cytotoxics. Critical to optimal future management are accurate identification of truly triple negative disease and adequately powered prospective TNBC trials to establish treatment efficacy and define predictive biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Sandro Pitigliani Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, Hospital of Prato, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Piazza Ospedale 2, Prato, Italy.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oakman
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viale
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Leo
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D034261:Epothilones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010984:Platinum / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000819:agonists; D043823:Taxoids / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D018943:Anthracyclines; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D034261:Epothilones; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D010984:Platinum; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D043823:Taxoids; C508053:ERBB2 protein, human; C430592:ixabepilone