title: Treatment for ejaculatory dysfunction in men with spinal cord injury: an 18-year single center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In what is to our knowledge the largest study of its kind to date we retrospectively reviewed the records of 3,152 semen retrieval procedures in a total of 500 men with spinal cord injury to make recommendations to the medical field on ejaculatory dysfunction treatment in this specialized patient population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively studied data from 1991 to 2009 in the Miami Project to Cure Paralysis male fertility research program at our institution. We assessed the semen retrieval success rate and semen quality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 500 men 9% could ejaculate by masturbation. Penile vibratory stimulation was successful in 86% of patients with a T10 or rostral injury level. Electroejaculation was successful in most cases of failed penile vibratory stimulation. Sperm were obtained without surgical sperm retrieval, in 97% of patients completing the treatment algorithm. Total motile sperm counts exceeded 5 million in 63% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sperm can be easily obtained nonsurgically from most men with spinal cord injury. Sufficient sperm are available for simple insemination procedures. A treatment algorithm based on our experience is presented.
authors.affiliation: Miami Project to Cure Paralysis and Department of Urology (CML), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA. nbrackett@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Nancy L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Brackett
authors.forename: Emad
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Viacheslav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Iremashvili
authors.forename: Teodoro C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Aballa
authors.forename: Charles M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lynne
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D004542:Ejaculation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D053625:Sperm Retrieval; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D055815:Young Adult