The effect of transcatheter injections on cell viability and cytokine release of mononuclear cells.
OBJECTIVE
Several studies suggest that various types of cellular therapies enhance recovery after stroke in animal models. IA-based delivery of cells to the brain is under investigation for stroke, but it is unknown whether cells are injured as a result of being injected through a catheter or exposed to iodinated contrast medium or solutions containing heparin.


METHODS
We assessed the effect of catheterization with the Excelsior SL-10 catheter or exposure to heparin or iodine contrast on human bone marrow MNCs. Viability and cell injury were assessed by trypan blue exclusion, caspase-3 activity, and lipid peroxidation. Cellular function of MNCs was assessed by their production and release of VEGF, IL-10, and IGF-1.


RESULTS
Flow rates of 10 million cells from 0.5 to 2 mL/min did not alter MNC viability; however, 5 mL/min of MNCs did reduce viability by 19%. Iodine and low-dose heparin exposure did not affect cell viability; however, high-dose heparin was cytotoxic. Catheter delivery at 2 mL/min did not affect levels of VEGF, IL-10, or IGF-1.


CONCLUSIONS
MNCs do not appear to be damaged by heparin, iodine contrast, and the Excelsior SL-10 catheter at flow rates up to 2 mL/min. However, higher flow rates did reduce viability, and high-dose heparin did cause cell death.
El Khoury
R
R
Department of Neurology, University of Texas, Houston,TX, USA.
Misra
V
V
Sharma
S
S
Cox
C S
CS
Walker
P
P
Grotta
J C
JC
Gee
A
A
Suzuki
S
S
Savitz
S I
SI
D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000633:toxicity; D002404:Catheterization; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006493:Heparin / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism*; D017613:Iodine Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
D000925:Anticoagulants; D003287:Contrast Media; C508609:IL10 protein, human; D017613:Iodine Compounds; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D006493:Heparin
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