title: Determination of mismatched donor HLA in kidney transplant recipients with unknown donor HLA phenotypes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine donor human leukocyte antigen (HLA) from renal allograft biopsies in transplant recipients whose donor HLA phenotype is not known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renal allograft biopsies were obtained from seven renal transplant recipients when indicated for allograft dysfunction or proteinuria. DNA was extracted fresh from allograft specimens, and HLA typing was performed with polymerase chain reaction-specific sequence primers (PCR-SSP) and polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-SSO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA typing of the seven renal allograft biopsies was composed of both recipient and donor HLA phenotypes, allowing the determination of the donor HLA and the degree of HLA mismatching.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deducing mismatched donor HLA antigens in renal allograft recipients enables detection of donor-specific antibodies, and the management of humoral rejection, and enables more appropriate selection of a donor organ should future retransplantation be required.
authors.affiliation: Division of Transplantation and Immunogenetics, Department of Pathology and Clinical Biochemistry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China. kwoksy@ha.org.hk
authors.forename: Janette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: Gavin S W
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kwong
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D019520:Living Donors; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D004247:DNA