title: Non-invasive tracking of human haemopoietic CD34(+) stem cells in vivo in immunodeficient mice by using magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess migration of CD34(+) human stem cells to the bone marrow of athymic mice by using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and Resovist, a contrast agent containing superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles.
  
  
  METHODS
  All animal and human procedures were approved by our institution's ethics committee, and women had given consent to donate umbilical cord blood (UCB). Balb/c-AnN Foxn1(nu)/Crl mice received intravenous injection of 1 x 10(6) (n=3), 5 x 10(6) (n=3) or 1 x 10(7) (n=3) human Resovist-labelled CD34(+) cells; control mice received Resovist (n=3). MR imaging was performed before, 2 and 24 h after transplantation. Signal intensities of liver, muscle and bone marrow were measured and analysed by ANOVA and post hoc Student's t tests. MR imaging data were verified by histological and immunological detection of both human cell surface markers and carboxydextrancoating of the contrast agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD34(+) cells were efficiently labelled by Resovist without impairment of functionality. Twenty-four hours after administration of labelled cells, MR imaging revealed a significant signal decline in the bone marrow, and histological and immunological analyses confirmed the presence of transplanted human CD34(+) cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenously administered Resovist-labelled CD34(+) cells home to bone marrow of mice. Homing can be tracked in vivo by using clinical 1.5-T MR imaging technology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany. markus.niemeyer@gmx.net
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niemeyer
authors.forename: Robert A J
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Oostendorp
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kremer
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hippauf
authors.forename: Volker R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Hansjörg
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Baurecht
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piontek
authors.forename: Viktoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bekker-Ruz
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Timmer
authors.forename: Ernst J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Rummeny
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiechle
authors.forename: Ambros J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Beer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058948:Cell Tracking / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017074:Common Variable Immunodeficiency / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host / Q000276:immunology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C065507:ferumoxides
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