title: Orbital metastases from neuroendocrine carcinoma, masquerading as graves orbitopathy.
abstract: We describe a patient with metastases from neuroendocrine carcinoma masquerading as Graves ophthalmopathy. This rare tumour possibly has a propensity for orbital spread, and we postulate a mechanism evoking the 'seed and soil' hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Moorfields Eye Hospital, Orbital Service, London, United Kingdom. manosira@doctors.net.uk
authors.forename: Mano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sira
authors.forename: Ralf P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Clauss
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maclean
authors.forename: Geoffrey E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000556:secondary*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D049970:Graves Ophthalmopathy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000556:secondary*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor