title: Local control with conventional and hypofractionated adjuvant radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in-situ.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) improves local control, however an optimal dose fractionation remains undefined. WBRT following breast-conserving surgery for invasive breast cancer demonstrates equivalent efficacy and morbidity for conventional and hypofractionated treatment. Our group policy allowed for the use of both schedules, therefore we compared local control in women with DCIS following breast-conserving surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and sixty-six patients treated between January 1999 and December 2004 with conventional (50Gy in 25 fractions) or hypofractionated (42.4Gy in 16 fractions or 40Gy/16+12.5Gy boost) WBRT after breast-conserving surgery for DCIS were retrospectively reviewed. Median follow-up was 3.76years (range 0.1-8.9 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and four patients (39%) were treated with conventional and 162 (61%) with hypofractionated WBRT. The median age was 56.7 years (range 32.2-83.8 years), and prognostic features were well matched in both groups, apart from a small increase in tumour size in the conventional arm (1.75 vs. 2.12 cm, p=0.05). Actuarial risk of recurrence at 4 years was 7% with hypofractionated WBRT and 6% with the conventional schedule (p=0.9). Univariate analysis showed an increased risk of recurrence with high nuclear grade tumours (11% at 4 years for grade 3 vs. 4% for grade 1/2, p=0.029).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypofractionated adjuvant WBRT following breast-conserving surgery for DCIS has comparable local control to a conventional radiation schedule. Hypofractionated WBRT is more convenient for patients, has equivalent morbidity and should be considered in this patient group.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Canada M5G2M9.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dinniwell
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pintilie
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Done
authors.forename: Anthony W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Fyles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies