title: Reduction in acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations among US children after introduction of rotavirus vaccine: analysis of hospital discharge data from 18 US states.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2006, RotaTeq (RV5) was recommended for routine vaccination of United States (US) infants. We compared hospitalization rates for acute gastroenteritis among US children aged <5 years during pre-RV5 rotavirus seasons from 2000 through 2006 with those during the post-RV5 2007 and 2008 seasons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using 100% hospital discharge data from 18 states, accounting for 49% of the US population, we calculated acute gastroenteritis hospitalization rates for children aged <5 years by rotavirus season, 8 age groups (0-2, 3-5, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-35, 36-47, and 48-59 months), and state.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the median rate for the 2000-2006 rotavirus seasons (101.1 hospitalizations per 10,000 children), the rates for 2007 and 2008 (85.5 and 55.5 hospitalizations per 10,000 children) were 16% and 45% lower, respectively. Children aged 0-2 months had a 28% reduction, those aged 6-23 months had a reduction of 50%, and children aged 3-5 months and 24-59 months had reductions ranging between 42% and 45% during the 2008 rotavirus season, compared with the median rate for 2000-2006 rotavirus seasons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The introduction of the RV5 vaccine was associated with a dramatic reduction in hospitalizations for acute gastroenteritis among US children during the 2008 rotavirus season.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Curns
authors.forename: Claudia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Marguerite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Umesh D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Parashar
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C492535:RotaTeq; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated