title: Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms in secondary hyperparathyroidism after Scopinaro's biliopancreatic diversion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a frequent metabolic complication of bariatric surgery. Individual differences in calcium absorption determine chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism after biliopancreatic diversion in half of the patients who have normal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. We aimed to evaluate if certain vitamin D receptor polymorphisms may be responsible for the latter. Cases and controls study including 57 patients after biliopancreatic diversion with a mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D above 20 ng/mL, separated into those with secondary hyperparathyroidism (n = 26, cases) and those without it (n = 31, controls).
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping for restriction-length-fragment polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor gene was carried out for FOK1, BSM1, APA1, and TAQ1, and haplotype structure was also constructed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in the allelic or genotypes distribution of the four studied polymorphisms between patients and controls (P = 0.352 and P = 0.301 for FOK1, P = 0.733 and P = 0.924 for BSM1, P = 0.974 and P = 0.992 for APA1, and P = 0.995 and P = 0.928 for TAQ1, respectively). Haplotype analysis showed no differences between patients and controls (P = 0.495 for BAT, P = 1.000 for BAt, P = 0.508 for Bat and P = 0.924 for bAT haplotypes, respectively). Furthermore, haplotypes were not associated with serum PTH levels or with the ratio between serum PTH and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic secondary hyperparathyroidism after biliopancreatic diversion in patients with normal levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D is not dependent on vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Obesity Surgery and Unit of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Jose A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Balsa
authors.forename: Borja
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Iglesias
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peromingo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Conde
authors.forename: Clotilde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vazquez
authors.forename: Jose L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: San-Millan
authors.forename: Jose I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Botella-Carretero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015904:Biliopancreatic Diversion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2006 Jan;21(1):151-62
references.pmid: 16355284
references.citation: Int J Obes (Lond). 2008 Dec;32 Suppl 7:S93-7
references.pmid: 19136998
references.citation: Nefrologia. 2003;23 Suppl 2:73-7
references.pmid: 12778859
references.citation: Lancet Oncol. 2009 Jul;10(7):653-62
references.pmid: 19556163
references.citation: Obes Surg. 2010 Apr;20(4):468-73
references.pmid: 19937150
references.citation: Ann Surg. 2003 Jun;237(6):751-6; discussion 757-8
references.pmid: 12796570
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1997 Jul 10;337(2):77-82
references.pmid: 9211676
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 1996 Oct;11(10):1557-65
references.pmid: 8889857
references.citation: Ann Surg. 2006 May;243(5):701-4; discussion 704-5
references.pmid: 16633006
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1988 Jan;81(1):126-32
references.pmid: 3335630
references.citation: Endocr Rev. 2001 Aug;22(4):477-501
references.pmid: 11493580
references.citation: Osteoporos Int. 1997;7(5):439-43
references.pmid: 9425501
references.citation: Invest Clin. 2008 Mar;49(1):29-38
references.pmid: 18524329
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 1985 Oct;103(4):516-21
references.pmid: 4037557
references.citation: Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Mar;76(3):449-62
references.pmid: 15700229
references.citation: JAMA. 2003 Jan 8;289(2):187-93
references.pmid: 12517229
references.citation: J Gastrointest Surg. 2004 Jan;8(1):48-55; discussion 54-5
references.pmid: 14746835
references.citation: Am J Hum Genet. 2001 Apr;68(4):978-89
references.pmid: 11254454
references.citation: Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003 Jan;27(1):110-6
references.pmid: 12532162
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2003 Aug;15(8):845-9
references.pmid: 12867792
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 1990 Nov;5(11):1139-42
references.pmid: 2270777
references.citation: Osteoporos Int. 2005 Jul;16(7):713-6
references.pmid: 15776217
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2007 Aug 23;357(8):741-52
references.pmid: 17715408
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1989 Apr 13;320(15):980-91
references.pmid: 2648151
references.citation: Arch Surg. 1996 Oct;131(10):1048-52; discussion 1053
references.pmid: 8857901
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 2001 Feb;16(2):379-85
references.pmid: 11204438
references.citation: World J Surg. 1998 Sep;22(9):936-46
references.pmid: 9717419
references.citation: J Endocrinol Invest. 2004 Feb;27(2):158-62
references.pmid: 15129811
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 1991 Dec 15;115(12):956-61
references.pmid: 1952493
references.citation: Nature. 1994 Jan 20;367(6460):284-7
references.pmid: 8161378
references.citation: J Clin Gastroenterol. 2006 Sep;40(8):659-68
references.pmid: 16940875
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 1995 Jun;10(6):978-84
references.pmid: 7572323
references.citation: Obes Surg. 2005 Mar;15(3):330-5
references.pmid: 15826464
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2004 Mar;89(3):1061-5
references.pmid: 15001587
references.citation: Surgery. 2009 Aug;146(2):375-80
references.pmid: 19628098
references.citation: Obes Surg. 2003 Jun;13(3):383-8
references.pmid: 12841898
references.citation: J Endocrinol Invest. 2008 Oct;31(10):845-50
references.pmid: 19092286
references.citation: Am J Hum Genet. 2005 Nov;77(5):807-23
references.pmid: 16252240
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Nov;91(11):4223-31
references.pmid: 16954156
references.citation: J Am Coll Nutr. 2003 Apr;22(2):142-6
references.pmid: 12672710
references.citation: J Bone Miner Res. 1997 Jun;12(6):922-8
references.pmid: 9169351