title: MCAF1 and synergistic activation of the transcription of Epstein-Barr virus lytic genes by Rta and Zta.
abstract: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) expresses two transcription factors, Rta and Zta, during the immediate-early stage of the lytic cycle. The two proteins often collaborate to activate the transcription of EBV lytic genes synergistically. This study demonstrates that Rta and Zta form a complex via an intermediary protein, MCAF1, on Zta response element (ZRE) in vitro. The interaction among these three proteins in P3HR1 cells is also verified via coimmunoprecipitation, CHIP analysis and confocal microscopy. The interaction between Rta and Zta in vitro depends on the region between amino acid 562 and 816 in MCAF1. In addition, overexpressing MCAF1 enhances and introducing MCAF1 siRNA into the cells markedly reduces the level of the synergistic activation in 293T cells. Moreover, the fact that the synergistic activation depends on ZRE but not on Rta response element (RRE) originates from the fact that Rta and Zta are capable of activating the BMRF1 promoter synergistically after an RRE but not ZREs in the promoter are mutated. The binding of Rta-MCAF1-Zta complex to ZRE but not RRE also explains why Rta and Zta do not use RRE to activate transcription synergistically. Importantly, this study elucidates the mechanism underlying synergistic activation, which is important to the lytic development of EBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Li-Kwan
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jian-Ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Shih-Tung
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D020218:Response Elements; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C068382:BRLF1 protein, Human herpesvirus 4; C063676:BZLF1 protein, Herpesvirus 4, Human; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014764:Viral Proteins
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