title: In vivo regulation of the allergic response by the IL-4 receptor alpha chain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Signaling by IL-4 and IL-13 through the IL-4 receptor alpha chain (IL-4Ralpha) plays a critical role in the pathology of allergic diseases. The IL-4Ralpha is endowed with an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) centered on tyrosine 709 (Y709) in the cytoplasmic domain that binds a number of regulatory phosphatases. The function of the ITIM in the in vivo regulation of IL-4 receptor signaling remains unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine the in vivo function of the IL-4Ralpha ITIM by using mice in which the ITIM was inactivated by mutagenesis of the tyrosine Y709 residue into phenylalanine (F709).
  
  
  METHODS
  F709 ITIM mutant mice were derived by means of knock-in mutagenesis. Activation of intracellular signaling cascades by IL-4 and IL-13 was assessed by means of intracellular staining of phosphorylated signaling intermediates and gene expression analysis. In vivo responses to allergic sensitization were assessed by using models of allergic airway inflammation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The F709 mutation increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 phosphorylation by IL-4 and, disproportionately, by IL-13. This was associated with exaggerated T(H)2 polarization, enhanced alternative macrophage activation by IL-13, augmented basal and antigen-induced IgE responses, and intensified allergen-induced eosinophilic airway inflammation and hyperreactivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results point to a physiologic negative regulatory role for the Y709 ITIM in signaling through IL-4Ralpha, especially by IL-13.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Allergy and Rheumatology, the Department of Pediatrics, the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095-1752, USA. tchatila@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Raffi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tachdjian
authors.forename: Shadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al Khatib
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schwinglshackl
authors.forename: Hong Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blasioli
authors.forename: Clinton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mathias
authors.forename: Hye Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dale T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Umetsu
authors.forename: Hans C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Oettgen
authors.forename: Talal A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Chatila
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000737:chemistry*; D053662:Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit
chemical_list: D018793:Interleukin-13; D015847:Interleukin-4; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D014443:Tyrosine; C504002:Il4ra protein, mouse; D053662:Interleukin-4 Receptor alpha Subunit
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