title: The clinical impact of routine angiographic follow-up in randomized trials of drug-eluting stents: a critical assessment of "oculostenotic" reintervention in patients with intermediate lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to study the long-term clinical effects of routine angiographic follow-up and related reintervention after drug-eluting stenting.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Prior stent trials have shown that protocol-mandated angiographic follow-up increases repeat interventions compared with clinical follow-up alone. The long-term clinical impact of this practice is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-term outcomes of patients assigned to routine angiographic follow-up in 3 large-scale TAXUS (Boston Scientific, Natick, Massachusetts) trials were compared with patients assigned to clinical follow-up alone, in a propensity score-adjusted patient-level meta-analysis. Outcomes were also compared in patients with treated versus untreated nonischemic intermediate lesions (quantitative angiographic stenosis between >or=40% and <70%) detected at angiographic follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates at 5 years were significantly higher in the angiographic compared with clinical follow-up cohort (18.3% vs. 11.1%, p < 0.001). This was due to more frequent treatment of intermediate lesions, but there was no associated reduction in rates of cardiac death or myocardial infarction (8.9% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.93). Of patients with nonischemic intermediate lesions, 17% who were not revascularized at the time of angiographic follow-up had a subsequent TLR, whereas 7% of patients who had TLR at this follow-up angiogram required additional revascularization during long-term follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A strategy of routine angiographic follow-up increases oculostenotic revascularization of nonischemic intermediate lesions without affecting subsequent rates of cardiac death or myocardial infarction, and TLR was not required in 83% of those lesions. A conservative approach, in which repeat angiography is limited to patients with recurrent ischemia or progressive symptoms, minimizes repeat revascularization of nonischemic intermediate lesions and optimizes long-term event-free survival after drug-eluting stent implantation.
authors.affiliation: Innovations in Interventional Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 01752, USA. takahiro.uchida@bsci.com
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Popma
authors.forename: Gregg W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Turco
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ormiston
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nanto
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: Donald S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Baim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D057216:Propensity Score; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome