title: Blocked and random practice organization in the learning of rhythmic dance step sequences.
abstract: This study investigated the role played by Blocked (low contextual interference) and Random (high contextual interference) schedules in the acquisition of rhythmic footstep sequences by adolescent females (N = 40, M age = 15.8 yr., SD = 1.3). After a baseline assessment (T0), motor learning was assessed after six sessions (T1) in terms of the participants' ability to reproduce the step sequences using visual and auditory guidance. A retention test (T2) also occurred 21 days after T1. Analysis of variance yielded significant main effects of group, test, and an interaction. Both groups improved performance from T0 to T1, but the Blocked schedule group outperformed the Random schedule group at T1. Significant group differences were not observed at T2. The Random schedule group's performance did not significantly change from T1 to T2, and the Blocked schedule group's performance significantly decreased. Apparently, the learning of rhythmic footstep dance sequences was not influenced by practice organization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic and Applied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Human Movement Science, Behavioral Imaging and Neural Dynamics Center, University G. d'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy. m.bertollo@unich.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertollo
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berchicci
authors.forename: Attilio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carraro
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Comani
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robazza
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D001288:Attention; D003615:Dancing / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009146:Music; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D012984:Software; D013998:Time Perception; D014163:Transfer, Psychology; D018910:Video Games