title: Alterations of insulin resistance and the serum adiponectin level in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus under the usual antihypertensive dosage of telmisartan treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance plays a central role in the pathophysiology of diabetes complications. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) regulate angiotensin II receptor-mediated inhibition of intracellular glucose transporter 4 translocation. Telmisartan, one of the known ARBs, was reported to improve insulin resistance via the increase of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activity in the model animal. This study examined whether this effect was observed in diabetes patients under the usual antihypertensive dosage of telmisartan treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven diabetes patients were chosen for this prospective study. Patient blood pressures were successfully controlled for the most recent 6 months by ARBs other than telmisartan. After informed consent was obtained, we changed to telmisartan from the other ARBs. The parameters of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, glycemic control, and renal function were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The values of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) improved from 7.1 +/- 1.5 to 3.8 +/- 3.6 after 3 months. The serum level of adiponectin significantly increased after 6 months. The distributions of other parameters were correlated with that of HOMA-IR or adiponectin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data indicate that the usual antihypertensive dosage of telmisartan improves insulin resistance and changes adiponectin effect in patients with diabetes mellitus. Adipokine-related insulin resistance and angiotensin II receptor 1-mediated insulin resistance are improved by telmisartan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology , Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fuke
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Satomura
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000368:Aged; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001565:Benzoates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077333:Telmisartan; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001565:Benzoates; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000077333:Telmisartan