title: The role of tumor-free status in repeat resection before intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin for high grade Ta, T1 and CIS bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the outcome of repeat transurethral bladder tumor resection for high risk nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer before induction and maintenance bacillus Calmette-Guerin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in the study were 151 consecutive patients with a mean age of 68.6 years (range 32 to 86) with primary high grade, nonmuscle invasive (Ta, T1 or CIS) bladder cancer. All patients underwent repeat transurethral bladder tumor resection and were shown by repeat resection to be tumor-free or have residual tumor before bacillus Calmette-Guerin. The bacillus Calmette-Guerin response was evaluated by disease recurrence and progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 70 tumor-free patients and 47 with residual tumor received bacillus Calmette-Guerin induction and maintenance therapy after repeat transurethral bladder tumor resection, of whom 84 (71.8%) were disease-free during followup. In the tumor-free group 11.4% of tumors recurred compared with 27.7% in the residual tumor group (p <0.05). Progression was noted in 5.7% of tumor-free cases vs 17.0% of residual tumor cases (p <0.05). Time to recurrence was significantly less in the residual tumor group than in the tumor-free group (17.8 vs 23.9 months, p <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor-free status at repeat transurethral bladder tumor resection improves the bacillus Calmette-Guerin response rate and delays tumor recurrence. During followup recurrence in residual tumor-free patients develop more likely as low grade lesions than in patients with residual tumor at repeat transurethral bladder tumor resection.
authors.affiliation: Institut National en Santé et Recherche Médicale U955 EQ7, Departments of Urology and Pathology Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Henri Mondor, 94010 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guevara
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salomon
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Allory
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ploussard
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de la Taille
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yiou
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoznek
authors.forename: Mickaël
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dahan
authors.forename: Claude-Clément
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Abbou
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vordos
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine