title: Cryptococcal meningitis in a newly diagnosed AIDS patient: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cryptococcus neoformans is a very important cause of fungal meningitis in immunosuppressed patients
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe a case of cryptococcal meningoencephalitis in an HIV/AIDS patient from the University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 18 -year -old male student presented with cough, weight loss, and fever. He was clinically assessed and had full laboratory investigations including cerebrospinal fluid CSF and then started on chemotherapy. Both the clinical and neurological evaluation of the patient was described along with the laboratory analyses of his CSF. Outcome of how he was managed was also reported.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cryptococcus neoformans presented as an AIDS defining fungal infection for the first time in this 18 year old undergraduate who was infected probably from transfusion of unscreened blood He had advanced HIV infection (CD4+ count of 29 cells/ul) and severe cryptococcal meningoencephalitis. He was unsuccessfully managed with fluconazole, a second choice drug for this condition, amphotericin B being not available.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nigerians should have access to effective blood transfusion services at all public and private hospitals across the country. The National Essential Drug list should be expanded to include drugs such as amphotericin B which hitherto were considered exotic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Salami
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ogunmodele
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fowotade
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nwabuisi
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wahab
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Desalu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fadeyi
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000293:Adolescent; D000666:Amphotericin B; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018954:Drugs, Essential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016919:Meningitis, Cryptococcal / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D009549:Nigeria; D065227:Transfusion Reaction
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D018954:Drugs, Essential; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole