Using nature and outdoor activity to improve children's health.
Childhood obesity affects 17% or 12.5 million of America's children, contributing to the rise in children's health disparities. Type 2 diabetes, asthma, vitamin D deficiency, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder have also increased over the past few decades. A shift toward a sedentary lifestyle is a major contributor to the decline in children's health. Children spend more time indoors using electronic media and less time engaged in outdoor unstructured play. This article reviews the current evidence of the mental and physical health benefits associated with unstructured, outdoor activities and time spent in a natural environment such as a park or other recreational area. Pediatric health care providers should recommend outdoor activities for children and refer families to safe and easily accessible outdoor areas. Pediatric health care providers can incorporate this simple, lifestyle-based intervention into anticipatory guidance.
McCurdy
Leyla E
LE
National Environmental Education Foundation, Washington, DC, USA.
Winterbottom
Kate E
KE
Mehta
Suril S
SS
Roberts
James R
JR
D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002669:Child Welfare; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008603:Mental Health; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods*; D010988:Play and Playthings / Q000523:psychology; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000517:prevention & control