title: Evaluating cytotoxicity and cellular uptake from the presence of variously processed TiO2 nanostructured morphologies.
abstract: We evaluated the cytotoxicity of various morphological classes of TiO(2) nanostructures (including 0-D nanoparticles, 1-D nanorods, and 3-D assemblies) toward living cells. These TiO(2) nanostructures were modified with fluorescent dye molecules, mediated via a dopamine linkage, in order to facilitate a confocal study of their internalization. Specifically, we noted that both TiO(2) 1-D nanorods and 0-D nanoparticles could internalize into cells after 24 h of incubation time. However, only incubation with TiO(2) 1-D nanorods and 3-D micrometer-scale sea urchin-like assemblies at concentrations of up to 125 microg/mL yielded data suggestive of cell viabilities of close to 100%. Moreover, upon irradiation with UV light for periods of a few minutes at energy densities of up to 1 J/cm(2), we observed up to 60% mortality rates, indicative of the cytotoxic potential of photoirradiated TiO(2) nanostructures due to the generation of reactive oxygen species.
authors.affiliation: Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Sciences Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
authors.forename: Jingyi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hongjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Alexander C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Santulli
authors.forename: Stanislaus S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate