title: Trauma, gender reassignment, and penile augmentation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Penile trauma is common with standard management options. Gender reassignment techniques are rapidly changing and penile augmentation remains a controversial topic. Consequently, there is need for a state-of-the-art information in this area.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aims to develop an evidence-based state-of-the-art consensus report on the management of penile trauma, gender, reassignment and penile augmentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study provides state-of-the-art knowledge regarding the prevalence, etiology, medical and surgical management of penile trauma, gender reassignment and penile augmentation, representing the opinion of leading experts developed in a consensus process over a 2-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expert opinion was based on grading of evidence-based medical literature, widespread internal committee discussion, public presentation, and debate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penile fracture should be managed surgically. Information should be readily available to patients to help them decide the surgical technique desired for gender reassignment and to justify any form of penile augmentation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Urology, London, UK. dralph@andrology.co.uk
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ralph
authors.forename: Nestor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Cadavid
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mirone
authors.forename: Sava
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perovic
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usta
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000673:Amputation, Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008511:Medicine / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D018579:Patient Selection; D019935:Penile Implantation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D010413:Penis / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D012092:Replantation / Q000379:methods; D012421:Rupture; D044347:Sexology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D014189:Transsexualism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D014572:Urology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy