title: Effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A on the experimental traumatic brain injury in rats.
abstract: This paper explores the effects of hydroxysafflor yellow A (HSYA) on traumatic brain injury (TBI). Rats were divided into four groups: control, TBI, TBI combined with HSYA, and TBI combined with nimodipine. Saline, HSYA, or nimodipine was i.v. injected at 30 min before and 6 h after the onset of TBI. The contusion volume of brain, mitochondrial ATPase activity, brain malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and the concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in the blood plasma were investigated. The results showed that the inhibitory rate of HSYA at a dose of 4 mg/kg was 59.2% compared with the TBI group. After the insult by TBI for 48 h, the activity of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, Ca(2+)-ATPase, and Mg(2+)-ATPase decreased to 31, 35, and 38% of control group. HSYA increased these ATPase activities by 162, 96, and 131% of TBI group. HSYA also increased superoxide dismutase activity and decreased MDA content in the right parietal lobe adjacent to contusion foci in TBI rats. HSYA enhanced the t-PA activity by 64.64%, decreased the PAI-1 activity by 71.88%, and decreased the MMP-9 expression to 49.11% in the hippocampus of the TBI group at 12 h. In conclusion, HSYA may exert a potential therapeutic strategy to improve the outcome following TBI injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University College of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Bie
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hai-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Dai
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002599:Chalcone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009553:Nimodipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D011809:Quinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D011809:Quinones; C085278:hydroxysafflor yellow A; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009553:Nimodipine; D002599:Chalcone; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases