title: Botulinum toxin type a for facial rejuvenation: treatment evolution and patient satisfaction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Novel applications and injection sites for Botox are continually evolving. This study aimed to analyze Botox outcomes for various injection sites to differentiate treatments that consistently yield impressive results from those that produce less patient satisfaction. The change in the prevalence of Botox usage for each facial subsite over a 2-year period also was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was performed for 60 patients who received Botox injections in a private cosmetic surgery practice. Patients were sampled from 24-month periods 2 years apart. The information collected included dosing and injection intervals and patterns. The outcomes analyzed included the prevalence of injections by subsite and the retention rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequently injected subsite was the glabellar region. The findings showed an impressive trend toward increasing numbers of patients receiving treatment of the superolateral orbicularis oculi (57-80%) and the depressor anguli oris (10-20%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Botox injection for facial rejuvenation has an excellent track record for patient satisfaction. The prevalence of treatment for the traditional injection sites was very stable over the measured period. The study findings support the use of Botox in certain more recently described regions such as the superolateral orbicularis oculi and the depressor anguli oris.
authors.affiliation: Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Toronto, Suite M110, 150 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 2X9, Canada. asepehr2@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sepehr
authors.forename: Nitin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Ashlin J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Adamson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012060:Rejuvenation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A