The role of the bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in colonic epithelial regeneration.
Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) take part in the colonic mucosal regeneration. They are multipotent cells, which can be identified with both negative (i.e. CD13, CD 14, CD45, c-Kit, major histocompatibility complex /MHC class I and II) and positive (i.e. CD54 (ICAM1), CD133, CD146 (MCAM), CD166, Flk-1, Sca-1, Thy-1, stage-specific antigen I /SSEA-I and Musashi-1, HLA class I) markers. These cells can repopulate the gastrointestinal mucosa as they may differentiate into stromal- (i.e. myofi-broblast) or epithelial-like (Paneth-, epithel-, goblet or enteroendocrin) cells without proliferation. During the mesenchymal to epithelial transition (MET) stem cells enter the epithelial layer and take up epithelial cell-like properties. Rarely BM-MSCs may retain their stem cell characteristics and are capable of producing progeny. The isolated lymphoid aggregates may serve as a platform from where BM-MSCs migrate to the nearby crypts as mediated by several chemoattractant proteins, which are expressed in injured tissue. The number of BM-MSCs is influenced by the degree of inflammation. In this review we summarize the current information about the role of BM-MSCs in the repair progress of injured colonic epithelium and their potential clinical applications.
Valcz
Gábor
G
2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Cell Analysis Laboratory, Semmelweis University, Szentkiralyi Street 46, 1088 Budapest, Hungary. valczg@yahoo.com
Krenács
Tibor
T
Sipos
Ferenc
F
Leiszter
Katalin
K
Tóth
Kinga
K
Balogh
Zsófia
Z
Csizmadia
Annamária
A
Muzes
Györgyi
G
Molnár
Béla
B
Tulassay
Zsolt
Z
D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D003106:Colon / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D012038:Regeneration
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