title: Development of three additional Culex species-specific polymerase chain reaction primers and their application in West Nile virus surveillance in Canada.
abstract: In 2002, more than 17,000 mosquito pools collected in Canada (Quebec, Ontario, and Manitoba) were tested at the National Microbiology Laboratory in Winnipeg, Manitoba, for infection with West Nile virus (WNV). Using real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), 558 mosquito pools (86% Culex species and 14% other species) had evidence of infection with WNV. Only 30% of the Culex specimens, however, were identified to the species level. In this study, Culex species-specific PCR primers were designed to identify individual mosquitoes and mixed pools of Culex mosquitoes to species. In addition, pools of non-Culex mosquitoes that tested positive for WNV were also screened for Culex DNA to determine the frequency of cross-contamination among mosquitoes of different species. All DNA extracts from 121 Culex and 51 non-Culex pools, previously positive for WNV, were screened, and Culex DNA was detected in approximately 6% of non-Culex pools. This study demonstrates that contamination among mosquito species can occur and emphasizes that precautions should be taken to minimize this potentially confounding effect.
authors.affiliation: Zoonotic Diseases and Special Pathogens, National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3R2 Canada.
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iranpour
authors.forename: L Robbin
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dibernardo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D003465:Culex / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry*; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D009032:Mosquito Control; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013045:Species Specificity; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal