title: Exploiting the residual of cervical thin layer brush samples through cytohistology in cases with invasive carcinoma with application of antibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To exploit cervical thin layer brush samples through cytohistology in cases with invasive carcinoma with application of antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen cases from women with carcinoma diagnosed in 2006 were selected out of 29 invasive carcinomas. From these 14 cases liquid-based cervical cytology material was available to prepare cytohistology. Eight women had squamous cell carcinoma, 4 endocervical adenocarcinoma, 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma and 1 ovarian adenocarcinoma. The residual material from the thin layer sample, collected by brushes by general practitioners, was used to prepare paraffin sections. These were stained with the Papanicolaou method and for the biomarkers Ki-67 and p16 and, if desired, for differentiation markers, including carcinoembryonic antigen, vimentin, cytokeratin 7 and cytokeratin 20 to establish the immunoprofile of the carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The morphologic details in the cancer nuclei in the paraffin sections were excellent, while in all cases the thin layer cytology slide contained thick epithelial fragments with blurred nuclei. In 5 of the 6 adenocarcinomas, the glandular architecture diagnostic of adenocarcinoma was visible in the cytohistology, which was highlighted in the biomarker stainings, particularly so in the Ki-67 sections. With the exception of endometrial adenocarcinoma, all p16(INK4a) stainings were positive, as they were in the ovarian adenocarcinoma case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytohistology is an adjunct to routine cervical cytologic examination of thin layer samples, allowing an unequivocal and refined diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Leiden Cytology and Pathology Laboratory, Leiden, The Netherlands. e.k.j.risse@lcpl.nl
authors.forename: Elle K J
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Risse
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ouwerkerk-Noordam
authors.forename: Elisabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Meijer-Marres
authors.forename: Mathilde E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Boon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D053554:Keratin-20 / Q000032:analysis; D053552:Keratin-7 / Q000032:analysis; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D053554:Keratin-20; D053552:Keratin-7; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen