title: Evaluation of the interaction between soil and antibiotics.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of tetracycline and sulfonamide antibiotics in 13 different soil samples collected from agricultural fields. As well as the antibiotic analysis 18 different physicochemical properties of the soil samples were determined in order to establish a relationship between the recovery rates of antibiotics from the samples and the characteristics of the samples that provide critical information for the reliability of an applied antibiotic analysis method. While the concentrations of tetracyclines were 0.025-0.105 mg kg(-1) sulfonamide antibiotics were not detected in any investigated soil samples. The mean recovery rates of tetracyclines and sulfonamides were 84.57 +/- 14.92% and 65.88 +/- 8.56%, respectively. Although, the organic carbon contents and cation exchange capacities of the soil samples exhibited a great variation the results of multivariate statistical analysis indicated that the metal content of soils was the major factor significantly influenced the recovery rates of the antibiotics. The sulfonamide recovery rates were positively influenced by the calcium and magnesium amounts in the soil samples, whereas tetracycline recovery rates were markedly diminished by increasing the amount of these polyvalent metals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Gorukle Kampusu, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cengiz
authors.forename: Isil Akmehmet
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Balcioglu
authors.forename: Hasan Huseyin
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Oruc
authors.forename: Tulin Gunduz
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Cengiz
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013752:Tetracycline