title: Willingness to pay for implant therapy: a study of patient preference.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study determined the amount of willingness to pay (WTP) for implant treatment and identified the factors affecting WTP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects attending a university dental hospital were recruited (n=59). They were presented with two hypothetical clinical scenarios: missing one anterior/posterior tooth. The clinical procedures, outcome and plausible complications of various replacement options (fixed and removable partial dentures, implants) and sequelae of no treatment were presented. They were then asked how much they were willing to pay for tooth replacement under the two situations using a bidding method, with a starting bid of Hong Kong (HK)$20,000 in HK$1000 increment/decrement if they were willing/unwilling to pay that amount (1 USD=7.8 HKD). The amount was recorded at which the subject chose the opposite option or it reached HK$0. Demographic data were also collected. WTP values were compared between anterior and posterior replacements, and among various demographic subgroups. Spearman's correlations and linear regression analysis were also conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-four percent and 84% of the subjects chose implant treatment to replace missing anterior and posterior teeth, respectively. The mean WTP amounts for anterior/posterior tooth replacement were HK$11,000/HK$10,000 (P>0.05). Higher WTP amounts were obtained from females, subjects without missing teeth or restorative need, and had attained higher level of education (P<0.05). Gender (P<0.05), level of education (P=0.042), and the presence of missing teeth (P=0.001) were independent predictors of WTP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The estimated WTP value for a single tooth replacement using dental implants was HK$10,000. Gender, level of education and presence of missing teeth were independent predictors that influenced WTP.
authors.affiliation: Oral Rehabilitation, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. kcmleung@hku.hk
authors.forename: Katherine C M
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Colman P J
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: McGrath
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth / Q000191:economics*; D005260:Female; D005382:Financing, Personal; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057240:Patient Preference; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric