title: TGFbeta1-induced inflammation in premalignant epidermal squamous lesions requires IL-17.
abstract: Overexpression of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) in the normal epidermis can provoke an inflammatory response, but whether this occurs within a developing tumor is not clear. To test this, we used an inducible transgenic mouse to overexpress TGFbeta1 in premalignant squamous lesions. Within 48 hours of TGFbeta1 induction, there was an increase in IL-17 production by both CD4(+) and gammadelta(+) T cells, together with increased expression of T-helper-17 (Th17)-polarizing cytokines. Induction of TGFbeta1 in premalignant primary keratinocytes elevated the expression of proinflammatory and Th17-polarizing cytokines, and the keratinocyte-conditioned media caused IL-17 production by naive T cells that was dependent on T-cell TGFbeta1 signaling. Microarray analysis showed significant upregulation of proinflammatory genes 2 days after TGFbeta1 induction, and this was followed by increased MPO(+), F4/80(+), and CD8(+) cells in tumors, increased CD8(+) effectors and IFNgamma(+) cells in skin-draining LNs, and tumor regression. In parallel, the percentage of tumor CD11b(+)Ly6G(+) neutrophils was reduced. Neutralization of IL-17 blocked TGFbeta1-induced CD11b(+) Ly6G(-) tumor infiltration but did not alter the reduction of neutrophils or tumor regression. Thus, TGFbeta1 overexpression causes IL-17-dependent and IL-17-independent changes in the premalignant tumor inflammatory microenvironment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Center for Molecular Toxicology and Carcinogenesis, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16801, USA.
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ryscavage
authors.forename: Rolando
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perez-Lorenzo
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gunderson
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Blazanin
authors.forename: Adam B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Glick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004817:Epidermis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010212:Papilloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020381:Interleukin-17; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1