title: Low Current-driven Micro-electroporation Allows Efficient In Vivo Delivery of Nonviral DNA into the Adult Mouse Brain.
abstract: Viral gene transfer or transgenic animals are commonly used technologies to alter gene expression in the adult brain, although these approaches lack spatial specificity and are time consuming. We delivered plasmid DNA locally into the brain of adult C57BL/6 mice in vivo by voltage- and current-controlled electroporation. The low current-controlled delivery of unipolar square wave pulses of 125 µA with microstimulation electrodes at the injection site gave 16 times higher transfection rates than a voltage-controlled electroporation protocol with plate electrodes resulting in currents of about 400 mA. Transfection was restricted to the target region and no damage due to the electric pulses was found. Our current-controlled electroporation protocol indicated that the use of very low currents resulting in applied voltages within the physiological range of the membrane potential, allows efficient transfection of nonviral plasmid DNA. In conclusion, low current-controlled electroporation is an excellent approach for electroporation in the adult brain, i.e., gene function can be influenced locally at a high level with no mortality and minimal tissue damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands;European Graduate School of Neuroscience (EURON), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Vry
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martínez-Martínez
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Losen
authors.forename: Gerard H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Temel
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steckler
authors.forename: Harry W M
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Steinbusch
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Baets
authors.forename: Jos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prickaerts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010957:Plasmids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*
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