title: Efficient biotransformation of herbicide diuron by bacterial strain Micrococcus sp. PS-1.
abstract: A Gram-positive, Micrococcus sp. strain PS-1 capable of utilizing phenylurea herbicide diuron as a sole carbon source at a high concentration (up to 250 ppm) was isolated from diuron storage site by selective enrichment study. The taxonomic characterization with 16S rRNA gene sequencing (1,477 bp) identified PS-1 as a member of Micrococcus sp. It was studied for the degradation of diuron and a range of its analogues (monuron, linuron, monolinuron, chlortoluron and fenuron). The shake flasks experiments demonstrated fast degradation of diuron (up to 96% at 250 ppm within 30 h incubation) with the addition of small quantity (0.01%) of non-ionic detergent. The relative degradation profile by the isolate was in the order of fenuron > monuron > diuron > linuron > monolinuron > chlortoluron. Further, the biochemical characterization of catabolic pathway by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques demonstrated that the degradation proceeded via formation of dealkylated metabolites to form 3,4-dichloroaniline (3,4-DCA). It was the major metabolite formed, associated with profound increase in degradation kinetics in presence of appropriate additive.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, 160036, India.
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Adity
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chopra
authors.forename: Swaranjit Singh
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Cameotra
authors.forename: C Raman
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Suri
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001711:Biotransformation; D004237:Diuron / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008837:Micrococcus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D004237:Diuron