title: Relationship between child abuse and adult smoking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A strong association between a history of child abuse and subsequent psychiatric disorders including substance use has been demonstrated. However, few studies have examined the relationship between child abuse and cigarette smoking in individuals without co-occurring psychiatric disorders. In this study, the relationship between severe childhood abuse and smoking were examined in a group of adults without significant psychopathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (N = 57) represent the control group of a larger study of substance dependence. Participants were without major DSM-IV psychopathology, including substance use disorders, major depression, or posttraumatic stress disorder. The Early Trauma Inventory [20] assessed history of exposure to traumatic events prior to age 18.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of individuals with, as compared to without, a history of severe child abuse (79% vs. 47%, p = .02) were current cigarette smokers. The odds of smoking was four times as high in participants with versus without a severe childhood abuse history (OR = 4.0, p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although preliminary, the findings demonstrate a strong link between early childhood trauma and later adult cigarette smoking among individuals without significant substance use or other psychopathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. spratte@musc.edu
authors.forename: Eve G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Spratt
authors.forename: Sudie E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Back
authors.forename: Sharon D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Yeatts
authors.forename: Annie N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Aimee
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McRae-Clark
authors.forename: Megan M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Moran-Santa Maria
authors.forename: Kimber L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Karen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Hartwell
authors.forename: Kathleen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Brady
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology
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