title: Digital assessment of endothelial function and ischemic heart disease in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the utility of digital reactive hyperemia peripheral arterial tonometry (RH-PAT) in predicting ischemic heart disease (IHD), including obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) and nonobstructive coronary artery disease (NOCAD), in women.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  IHD is the leading cause of mortality, and its pathogenesis is diverse in women. Fingertip RH-PAT is a new device that provides noninvasive, automatic, and quantitative evaluation of endothelial dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  RH-PAT was measured using Endo-PAT2000 (Itamar Medical, Caesarea, Israel) before cardiac catheterization in 140 stable women scheduled for hospitalization to examine chest pain. NOCAD was diagnosed by angiography with measurement of coronary blood flow and cardiac lactate production during intracoronary acetylcholine provocation test and cardiac scintigraphy with stress tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-eight women (49%) had obstructive CAD and 42 women (30%) had NOCAD. RH-PAT indexes were significantly attenuated in both obstructive CAD and NOCAD as compared with non-IHD (n = 30) (obstructive CAD: median 1.57, interquartile range [IQR] 1.42 to 1.76; NOCAD: median 1.58, IQR 1.41 to 1.78; non-IHD: median 2.15, IQR 1.85 to 2.48, p < 0.001). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, only RH-PAT index was significantly associated with IHD, including obstructive CAD and NOCAD (odds ratio 0.51; 95% confidence interval: 0.38 to 0.68; p < 0.001). In receiver-operating characteristic analysis, RH-PAT index was a significant predictor of IHD (area under the curve 0.86; p < 0.001). Furthermore, only RH-PAT was useful for the prediction of NOCAD after excluding obstructive CAD (area under the curve 0.85; p < 0.001; RH-PAT index of <1.82 had 81% sensitivity and 80% specificity).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RH-PAT indexes were significantly attenuated in women with IHD. Digital RH-PAT can predict patients with IHD, especially NOCAD before angiography. RH-PAT is potentially useful for identifying high-risk women for IHD. (Endothelial Dysfunction and Coronary Artery Spasm; NCT00619294).
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugamura
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaikita
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagayoshi
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamuro
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumiya
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwashita
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jinnouchi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine; D000368:Aged; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D001330:Electronic Data Processing / Q000379:methods*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018678:Cholinergic Agents; D000109:Acetylcholine