title: A brief alcohol intervention for hazardously drinking incarcerated women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that among hazardously drinking incarcerated women who are returning to the community, a brief alcohol intervention will result in less alcohol use at follow-up relative to standard of care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible participants endorsed hazardous alcohol consumption-four or more drinks at a time on at least 3 separate days in the previous 3 months or a score of 8 or above on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Participants were randomized to either an assessment-only condition or to two brief motivationally focused sessions, the first delivered during incarceration, the second 1 month later after community re-entry. Participants recalled drinking behaviors at 3 and 6 months after the baseline interview using a 90-day time-line follow-back method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 245 female participants averaged 34 years of age, and were 71% Caucasian. The mean percentage of alcohol use days in the 3 months prior to incarceration was 51.7% and heavy alcohol use days was 43.9%. Intervention effects on abstinent days were statistically significant at 3 months (odds ratio = 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.17, 3.30); the percentage of days abstinent was 68% for those randomized to intervention and 57% for controls. At 6 months the effect of the intervention was attenuated and no longer statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among incarcerated women who reported hazardous drinking, a two-session brief alcohol intervention increased abstinent days at 3 months, but this effect decayed by 6 months. Study participants continued to drink heavily after return to the community. More intensive intervention pre-release and after re-entry may benefit hazardously drinking incarcerated women.
authors.affiliation: Butler Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA. michael_stein@brown.edu
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Celeste M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Caviness
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Meg
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: Jennifer G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D011329:Prisoners / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: Addiction. 1993 Jun;88(6):791-804
references.pmid: 8329970
references.citation: J Fam Pract. 2001 May;50(5):447
references.pmid: 11350721
references.citation: Addiction. 2002 Jun;97(6):691-700
references.pmid: 12084138
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;53(6):505-12
references.pmid: 8639033
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Jun;62(6):617-27
references.pmid: 15939839
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2007 Jan 11;356(2):157-65
references.pmid: 17215533
references.citation: BMJ. 2004 Feb 7;328(7435):318
references.pmid: 14729657
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1992 Aug;49(8):624-9
references.pmid: 1637252
references.citation: J Womens Health (Larchmt). 2005 Nov;14(9):852-9
references.pmid: 16313213
references.citation: J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009 Jan;70(1):50-4
references.pmid: 19118391
references.citation: J Urban Health. 2001 Jun;78(2):290-303
references.pmid: 11419582
references.citation: Drug Alcohol Rev. 2002 Jun;21(2):105-12
references.pmid: 12188988
references.citation: J Subst Abuse Treat. 2005 Jan;28(1):19-26
references.pmid: 15723728
references.citation: JAMA. 2009 Jan 14;301(2):183-90
references.pmid: 19141766
references.citation: J Subst Abuse Treat. 1998 Nov-Dec;15(6):579-87
references.pmid: 9845871
references.citation: Addict Behav. 1995 May-Jun;20(3):359-69
references.pmid: 7653317
references.citation: Women Health. 2008;47(3):79-93
references.pmid: 18714713
references.citation: Alcohol Alcohol. 2006 May-Jun;41(3):328-35
references.pmid: 16547122
references.citation: J Gen Intern Med. 1997 May;12(5):274-83
references.pmid: 9159696
references.citation: Addiction. 2002 Mar;97(3):279-92
references.pmid: 11964101
references.citation: Sex Transm Dis. 2008 Jan;35(1):68-72
references.pmid: 18090178
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1996 Jun;53(6):513-9
references.pmid: 8639034
references.citation: J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009 Jul;70(4):508-15
references.pmid: 19515290
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 2007 Feb 6;146(3):167-76
references.pmid: 17283347
references.citation: Psychometrika. 2010 Jun;75(2):243-248
references.pmid: 20640194
references.citation: Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2005;1:91-111
references.pmid: 17716083
references.citation: Womens Health Issues. 2007 Jul-Aug;17(4):244-55
references.pmid: 17544296