title: [Miliary tuberculosis and tuberculous peritonitis during infliximab treatment for rheumatoid arthritis].
abstract: A 55-year-old woman treated with infliximab for rheumatoid arthritis was admitted due to progressive ascites. A CT scan showed massive ascites, bilateral pleural effusion, disseminated granular shadows in the lung, and multiple swollen mediastinal lymph nodes. A FDG-PET/CT scan showed increases of FDG uptake in the mesentery and peritoneum, mimicking peritoneal carcinomatosis. Subsequent pleural and peritoneal fluid analysis showed elevated adenosine deaminase activity levels with no malignant cells. A right pleural biopsy specimen revealed Langhans giant cells and granulomas. Finally, a diagnosis of miliary tuberculosis was established because cultures of the sputum and gastric fluid were positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Several weeks after a standard anti-tuberculosis regimen with 4 drugs was initiated, her clinical condition and radiological findings ameliorated. Since the initial manifestations of tuberculosis tend to be more severe during treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors such as infliximab due to immune suppression, we should pay closer attention to the possibility of tuberculosis infection in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital.
authors.forename: Tomoyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oguri
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D008875:Middle Aged; D014395:Peritonitis, Tuberculous / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D000069285:Infliximab