Lipid-based nanoparticles as pharmaceutical drug carriers: from concepts to clinic.
In recent years, various nanotechnology platforms in the area of medical biology, including both diagnostics and therapy, have gained remarkable attention. Moreover, research and development of engineered multifunctional nanoparticles as pharmaceutical drug carriers have spurred exponential growth in applications to medicine in the last decade. Design principles of these nanoparticles, including nanoemulsions, dendrimers, nano-gold, liposomes, drug-carrier conjugates, antibody-drug complexes, and magnetic nanoparticles, are primarily based on unique assemblies of synthetic, natural, or biological components, including but not limited to synthetic polymers, metal ions, oils, and lipids as their building blocks. However, the potential success of these particles in the clinic relies on consideration of important parameters such as nanoparticle fabrication strategies, their physical properties, drug loading efficiencies, drug release potential, and, most importantly, minimum toxicity of the carrier itself. Among these, lipid-based nanoparticles bear the advantage of being the least toxic for in vivo applications, and significant progress has been made in the area of DNA/RNA and drug delivery using lipid-based nanoassemblies. In this review, we will primarily focus on the recent advances and updates on lipid-based nanoparticles for their projected applications in drug delivery. We begin with a review of current activities in the field of liposomes (the so-called honorary nanoparticles), and challenging issues of targeting and triggering will be discussed in detail. We will further describe nanoparticles derived from a novel class of amphipathic lipids called bolaamphiphiles with unique lipid assembly features that have been recently examined as drug/DNA delivery vehicles. Finally, an overview of an emerging novel class of particles (based on lipid components other than phospholipids), solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers will be presented. We conclude with a few examples of clinically successful formulations of currently available lipid-based nanoparticles.
Puri
Anu
A
Center for Cancer Research Nanobiology Program, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA. apuri@helix.nih.gov
Loomis
Kristin
K
Smith
Brandon
B
Lee
Jae-Ho
JH
Yavlovich
Amichai
A
Heldman
Eliahu
E
Blumenthal
Robert
R
D000818:Animals; D004247:DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D004337:Drug Carriers; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D004247:DNA
Cancer Res. 2003 Jan 1;63(1):86-92
12517782
Ann Oncol. 2007 Apr;18(4):716-21
17301073
Langmuir. 2005 Aug 16;21(17):7638-45
16089364
Cancer. 2009 Aug 1;115(15):3475-82
19536896
Mol Cancer Ther. 2002 Mar;1(5):337-46
12489850
J Pharm Sci. 2001 Jun;90(6):667-80
11357170
Leuk Lymphoma. 2005 Jun;46(6):795-802
16019523
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2004 Apr 30;317(2):515-21
15063787
Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Jan;36(1):21-9
18337218
Clin Pharmacokinet. 2003;42(5):419-36
12739982
J Org Chem. 2005 Apr 1;70(7):2606-15
15787550
Cancer Res. 1998 Aug 1;58(15):3320-30
9699662
Langmuir. 2008 Jun 1;24(13):6965-80
18512883
Drug Deliv. 2003 Oct-Dec;10(4):245-50
14612340
J Control Release. 2008 Feb 18;126(1):50-8
18068849
Pharm Res. 2004 Dec;21(12):2153-7
15648245
Urol Oncol. 2008 Jan-Feb;26(1):74-85
18190835
J Liposome Res. 2008;18(2):145-57
18569449
J Biol Chem. 1993 Nov 25;268(33):24847-54
8227046
Crit Rev Ther Drug Carrier Syst. 1998;15(6):587-627
9883391
Int J Pharm. 2008 Jun 5;357(1-2):272-9
18329201
J Mol Biol. 1965 Aug;13(1):238-52
5859039
J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2006 Sep-Oct;6(9-10):3215-21
17048539
PDA J Pharm Sci Technol. 2008 Sep-Oct;62(5):362-79
19055232
Drug Deliv. 2007 Feb;14(2):61-7
17364869
Mol Med Today. 1996 Jun;2(6):242-9
8796897
Biochemistry. 1996 Feb 27;35(8):2618-24
8611565
FEBS Lett. 1995 Nov 13;375(1-2):113-6
7498457
Chem Phys Lipids. 2008 Jun;153(2):85-97
18316039
FEBS Lett. 1983 Apr 18;154(2):373-7
6832376
Bioconjug Chem. 2009 Jul;20(7):1404-11
19534457
Curr Drug Deliv. 2005 Oct;2(4):369-81
16305440
Infect Immun. 2000 Jan;68(1):54-63
10603368
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2009 Feb;4(2):177-91
19193184
Bioorg Med Chem. 2005 Sep 1;13(17):5043-54
15955702
Pharm Res. 2002 Jun;19(6):875-80
12134960
Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2009 Aug;18(8):1197-218
19604121
Curr Drug Deliv. 2005 Oct;2(4):353-62
16305438
Biomed Pharmacother. 2004 Apr;58(3):168-72
15082339
Clin Cancer Res. 2002 Apr;8(4):1172-81
11948130
J Med Chem. 2005 Nov 17;48(23):7305-14
16279790
Drugs. 1997;54 Suppl 4:15-21
9361957
J Control Release. 2005 Oct 3;107(2):262-75
16125816
Chem Phys Lipids. 1999 Jun;99(2):125-37
10390836
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Aug;60(3):361-72
15996577
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2005 Dec;140(6):733-5
16848239
Int J Biol Macromol. 2008 Oct 1;43(3):320-4
18619484
Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 Oct;2(10):750-63
12360278
Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2002 Dec;3(12):1739-51
12472371
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2007 Nov 15;60(2):174-9
17656075
Biomaterials. 2008 Oct;29(30):4129-36
18667234
Biomaterials. 2009 Jan;30(2):226-32
18851881
Chem Commun (Camb). 2001 Dec 7;(23):2442-3
12240005
Biophys J. 2004 Apr;86(4):2615-29
15041697
J Drug Target. 2005 Apr;13(3):179-87
16036306
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2003 Dec;1002:78-89
14751825
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2009 Jun;6(6):553-65
19435406
J Infect Dis. 2004 Mar 15;189(6):1024-34
14999606
Biochem Int. 1985 Mar;10(3):327-36
2990474
Acc Chem Res. 2008 Jan;41(1):120-9
17655275
Bioconjug Chem. 2009 Jun;20(6):1201-8
19435362
Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Mar 16;32(5):e48
15026537
Nature. 1997 Jun 5;387(6633):580-3
9177344
J Liposome Res. 2008;18(4):293-307
18937120
Langmuir. 2004 Jul 6;20(14):5969-77
16459618
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2009 Jun;13(3):256-62
19419901
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Sep;61(1-2):77-86
16011893
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004 Apr 29;56(8):1055-8
15094205
Science. 1989 Sep 22;245(4924):1371-4
2781283
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2008 Dec;1778(12):2749-56
18762164
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Sep;7(9):771-82
18758474
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2000 Jul;50(1):161-77
10840199
J Control Release. 2008 Apr 21;127(2):97-109
18313785
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1981 Jul 16;101(1):131-6
7283995
Methods Biochem Anal. 1988;33:337-462
3282152
Biophys J. 1976 Jan;16(1):13-26
1244887
Hum Gene Ther. 1999 Dec 10;10(18):2941-52
10609655
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2006 Feb;27(2-3):226-36
16298113
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1981 Nov 6;648(2):192-8
7306536
J Therm Anal Calorim. 2009 Oct 1;98(1):97-104
20160877
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2008 Jun 30;60(10):1193-208
18474406
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1995 Feb 15;1233(2):134-44
7865538
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Oct 1;1514(2):303-17
11557029
Science. 1978 Dec 22;202(4374):1290-3
364652
Int J Pharm. 2000 Sep 15;205(1-2):15-21
11000538
Langmuir. 2007 Apr 10;23(8):4634-41
17355159
Retina. 2008 Jan;28(1):147-9
18185152
Langmuir. 2004 Sep 28;20(20):8839-45
15379515
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 May;83(5):761-9
17957183
Chem Phys Lipids. 2009 Feb;157(2):94-103
19094974
Blood. 2002 Jul 15;100(2):594-602
12091353
J Phys Chem B. 2009 Jan 29;113(4):1143-52
19123825
Tuberculosis (Edinb). 2005 Jul;85(4):227-34
15922668
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Mar 15;15(6):1973-80
19276264
Biochem Soc Trans. 2007 Feb;35(Pt 1):61-7
17233602
Br J Pharmacol. 2009 May;157(2):166-78
19459843
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1993 Sep 19;1151(2):201-15
8373796
Pharm Res. 2008 Oct;25(10):2262-71
18516666
Biophys J. 2007 Oct 15;93(8):2609-21
17573422
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2009 Aug 1;238(3):280-8
19379767
Clin Infect Dis. 1999 Jan;28(1):42-8; discussion 49-51
10028069
Int J Pharm. 1999 Nov 10;190(1):49-56
10528096
Nanomedicine. 2005 Jun;1(2):101-9
17292064
Prog Lipid Res. 2003 Sep;42(5):439-62
12814645
Methods Mol Med. 2005;109:389-402
15585933
J Drug Target. 1999;7(2):101-12
10617296
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Jul 10;59(6):478-90
17543416
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2001 Dec 1;1515(2):167-76
11718672
J Neurooncol. 2007 Jan;81(2):201-8
16941075
Expert Opin Biol Ther. 2008 Aug;8(8):1063-70
18613759
Biochemistry. 1997 Jan 7;36(1):66-75
8993319
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Jan 3;1189(1):96-100
8305465
J Cell Biochem. 1985;28(1):23-9
4030900
Drug Deliv. 2007 Mar;14(3):171-5
17454037
Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Dec 15;14(24):8161-8
19088031
Drug Discov Today. 2001 Jan 1;6(1):44-51
11165172
Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2010 May;66(1):43-52
19779718
J Clin Oncol. 2001 Mar 1;19(5):1444-54
11230490
Biochem Soc Trans. 1975;3(5):613-8
53164
Langmuir. 2005 Aug 2;21(16):7476-82
16042482
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1986 Mar 27;856(1):36-40
3955034
Acta Clin Belg. 2002 Mar-Apr;57(2):53-7
12152239
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Dec 15;88(24):11460-4
1763060
J Control Release. 2003 Sep 4;91(3):417-29
12932719
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1992 Sep;36(9):1978-80
1416890
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2005 Aug;9(4):343-6
15967706
Int J Pharm. 2008 Sep 1;361(1-2):239-44
18586075
Nanomedicine (Lond). 2009 Jan;4(1):105-18
19093899
Soft Matter. 2008 Jul 16;4(8):1681-1687
32907162
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2008 Jan;5(1):25-44
18095927
Int J Pharm. 2000 Apr 20;199(2):167-77
10802410
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2007 Jul;59(7):935-40
17637187
Science. 2004 Mar 19;303(5665):1818-22
15031496
J Immunol. 1979 Feb;122(2):585-91
368242
Acc Chem Res. 2003 May;36(5):335-41
12755643
Chem Commun (Camb). 2006 Sep 14;(34):3622-4
17047785
Mol Cancer Ther. 2006 Apr;5(4):818-24
16648551
Curr Drug Deliv. 2005 Oct;2(4):363-8
16305439
Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000 Apr;25(8):879-84
10808210
Biomaterials. 2008 Jan;29(3):359-69
17964645
J Clin Oncol. 2004 Jul 1;22(13):2662-70
15226333
Int J Pharm. 2002 Aug 21;242(1-2):121-8
12176234
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2003 Jul;56(1):67-72
12837483
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001 Dec 31;53(3):285-305
11744173
Int J Nanomedicine. 2007;2(4):595-607
18203427
Int J Nanomedicine. 2007;2(3):289-300
18019829
Chem Rev. 2004 Jun;104(6):2901-37
15186184
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004 Apr 29;56(8):1177-92
15094214
J Biotechnol. 2007 May 31;130(1):85-94
17442442
Biomaterials. 2009 Oct;30(30):6055-64
19665223
Hum Gene Ther. 2006 Jan;17(1):117-24
16409130
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2002;7(3):889-94
12378272
Curr Top Med Chem. 2008;8(14):1165-79
18855703
Langmuir. 2006 Feb 28;22(5):2045-9
16489787
J Control Release. 2001 Jul 6;74(1-3):129-34
11489489
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Jul;1768(7):1796-804
17531950
Pharm Res. 2007 Dec;24(12):2402-11
17828616
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1999 Aug 27;262(2):406-10
10462488
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2004 May 7;56(9):1257-72
15109768
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009 Feb;71(2):161-72
18824097
Leuk Lymphoma. 2008 May;49(5):924-31
18464112
Int J Hyperthermia. 2006 May;22(3):205-13
16754340
Drugs. 1997;54 Suppl 4:8-14
9361956
ChemMedChem. 2008 Dec;3(12):1839-43
19012296
Nat Mater. 2009 Apr;8(4):331-6
19234444
Lung Cancer. 2010 May;68(2):240-7
19628292
Hum Gene Ther. 2002 Feb 10;13(3):469-81
11860713
Eur J Pharm Sci. 2000 Oct;11 Suppl 2:S81-91
11033430
Cancer Res. 2006 Jul 1;66(13):6732-40
16818648
Bioconjug Chem. 1999 Mar-Apr;10(2):289-98
10077479
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1981 Feb 23;663(2):506-15
7213783
J Am Chem Soc. 2003 Oct 22;125(42):12680-1
14558795
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Jul 10;59(6):522-30
17602783
J Control Release. 2010 Feb 25;142(1):108-21
19819275
J Liposome Res. 2010 Jun;20(2):147-59
19848552
Chem Rev. 2003 Jan;103(1):53-69
12517181
J Colloid Interface Sci. 2005 May 15;285(2):590-8
15837476
Int J Cancer. 1999 Mar 1;80(5):723-30
10048974
Org Biomol Chem. 2006 May 7;4(9):1730-40
16633565
Cancer Res. 2005 Dec 15;65(24):11631-8
16357174
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001 Dec 31;53(3):273-84
11744172
Biophys Chem. 2009 Feb;139(2-3):75-83
19010585
J Control Release. 2009 Jan 19;133(2):132-8
18929605
Mol Pharm. 2009 Jul-Aug;6(4):1041-51
19366234
Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1197-201
10728674
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2009;48(5):872-97
19142939
J Biomech Eng. 2009 Jul;131(7):074005
19655996
Biochim Biophys Acta. 1994 Aug 3;1193(2):247-54
8054346
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Jan 15;88(2):444-8
1988944
Ann Oncol. 2004 Apr;15(4):665-70
15033677
J Control Release. 2008 Mar 20;126(3):187-204
18261822
Cancer. 2006 Jan 1;106(1):120-7
16331634
Clin Cancer Res. 2003 Dec 15;9(17):6551-9
14695160
Invest New Drugs. 2004 Aug;22(3):263-75
15122073
Pharm Res. 2009 Mar;26(3):529-38
19015959
Chem Phys Lipids. 1988 Nov;49(1-2):39-47
3233710
Curr Drug Deliv. 2009 Jul;6(3):217-26
19604135
Biophys J. 2002 Apr;82(4):2101-10
11916866
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001 Apr 25;47(2-3):165-96
11311991
Recent Pat Drug Deliv Formul. 2008;2(2):120-35
19075903
Chem Commun (Camb). 2005 Jun 28;(24):3021-3
15959571
Clin Cancer Res. 2005 May 1;11(9):3465-74
15867249
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2000;2:339-76
11701516
J Antimicrob Chemother. 1991 Oct;28 Suppl B:83-91
1778895
Int J Pharm. 2007 Aug 1;340(1-2):198-206
17482778
Pharm Dev Technol. 2006;11(2):153-7
16749525
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2001 Apr 25;47(2-3):139-48
11311989
Crit Rev Biotechnol. 1999;19(4):317-57
10723627
J Liposome Res. 2008;18(1):21-9
18348069
Curr Drug Deliv. 2004 Jul;1(3):299-312
16305392
Anticancer Drugs. 2007 Nov;18(10):1189-200
17893520
Pharm Res. 2005 Nov;22(11):1906-17
16088429
Biotechnol Prog. 2005 Jan-Feb;21(1):205-20
15903260
Mol Pharm. 2009 Sep-Oct;6(5):1264-76
19432455
J Pharm Pharmacol. 2009 Aug;61(8):1013-9
19703344
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2000 Sep 16;276(1):169-73
11006101
Pharm Res. 2008 Jul;25(7):1521-30
18172580
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2007 May 15;57(1):75-80
17303394
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Jul 29;202(2):673-9
8048936
Semin Oncol. 2004 Dec;31(6 Suppl 13):196-205
15717745
J Control Release. 2005 Nov 2;108(1):112-20
16169111
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2008 Sep;5(9):1003-25
18754750
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jul 8;105(27):9343-8
18607000
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2007 Jul 10;59(6):491-504
17532091
Pharmacol Res. 2000 Oct;42(4):337-43
10987994
Chem Phys Lipids. 2009 Nov;162(1-2):1-16
19703435
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2006 Oct;33(10):1196-205
16763815
Clin Cancer Res. 2005 May 1;11(9):3567-73
15867261
Pharm Res. 1997 Apr;14(4):458-62
9144731
Invest New Drugs. 2007 Apr;25(2):155-9
16957835
Int J Pharm. 2003 Mar 18;254(1):55-8
12615409
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2003 Oct 31;1617(1-2):10-21
14637015
J Control Release. 2003 Dec 12;93(3):271-82
14644577
J Drug Target. 2008 Aug;16(7):605-10
18686132
J Org Chem. 1997 Apr 4;62(7):1924-1933
11671492
Prog Lipid Res. 2005 Jan;44(1):68-97
15748655
Biophys J. 1976 Jan;16(1):1-11
1244886
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2007 Jan;1768(1):21-9
17046711
Gene Ther. 2004 Oct;11(19):1434-40
15229629
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2004 Nov;58(3):673-80
15451544
Chem Phys Lipids. 2005 Jun;135(2):117-29
15921973
Biol Pharm Bull. 2007 May;30(5):972-8
17473445
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2007 Mar;65(3):300-8
17156986
Prog Lipid Res. 1988;27(3):153-75
3151021
Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Feb 1;10(3):1100-11
14871990
Int J Cancer. 2001 Dec 1;94(5):717-26
11745468
Langmuir. 2004 Mar 16;20(6):2416-23
15835704
Pharm Res. 2007 Jan;24(1):1-16
17109211
Int J Pharm. 2006 May 11;314(1):83-9
16563671
Biomacromolecules. 2009 Feb 9;10(2):197-209
19123775
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 1996 Apr;10(2):135
11361702
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2009 Jul;29(7):992-1000
19057023
J Med Chem. 2004 Mar 25;47(7):1694-703
15027860
Biotechnol Prog. 2005 Jan-Feb;21(1):221-32
15903261
Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2005 Feb;4(2):145-60
15688077