title: Effects of selective serotonin reuptake and dual serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake treatments on attention and executive functions in patients with major depressive disorder.
abstract: Several reports suggest that antidepressants may improve cognitive functioning in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). The present work aims to study the effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonergic-noradrenergic reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) treatments on the performance of working memory, attention and executive functions in patients with MDD. A total of 73 subjects meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders version IV (DSM-IV) criteria for MDD, and 37 control subjects were assessed with the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and a neuropsychological battery. The subjects were medicated with escitalopram (n=36) or duloxetine (n=37) for 24 weeks. At the end of the trial, the subjects were assessed again with the same tests. The depressed subjects showed alterations in attention and cognitive functions when compared to the control group. The administration of both treatments improved working memory, as well as attention and all the executive functions, but the cognitive functions of depressed patients do not improve enough to reach the levels of performance of the control subjects. Our results suggest that both SSRI and SNRI treatments presented the same efficacy in improving attention and the remaining executive functions.
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Enfermedades Crónicas y Procedimientos Especiales CECYPE, Morelia, Mich., Mexico.
authors.forename: Ixchel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Herrera-Guzmán
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Herrera-Abarca
authors.forename: Esteve
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gudayol-Ferré
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herrera-Guzmán
authors.forename: Lizbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gómez-Carbajal
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peña-Olvira
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villuendas-González
authors.forename: Guàrdia-Olmos
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Joan
mesh_terms: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D015283:Citalopram / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D056344:Executive Function / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011594:Psychometrics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D015283:Citalopram; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes