title: The use of rituximab in myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the treatment effects of rituximab in a population of patients with myasthenia gravis and Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on all treated patients in the UK were collected from referring physicians, with full case ascertainment and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Since 2004, 10 patients with generalised myasthenia gravis (three of whom were positive for muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) antibodies) and two patients with Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS) were treated with rituximab. Using the Myasthenia Gravis Foundation America postintervention status, three patients (25%) achieved remission, and a further five (42%) improved clinically over an 18-month period. Only one patient developed worsening symptoms. The probability of achieving remission was unrelated to the duration of neurological symptoms prior to treatment. All LEMS and MuSK antibody patients improved following rituximab treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a relatively large, unselected group of patients with myasthenia gravis and LEMS, rituximab treatment resulted in a significant clinical improvement in two-thirds of cases. As a selective, B cell targeted therapy, rituximab should be considered as a treatment option for patients with either myasthenia gravis or LEMS for whom standard immunosuppressive treatments have been unsuccessful.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Queen's Medical Centre, Derby Road, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. paul.maddison@nhs.net
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maddison
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McConville
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Farrugia
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Norwood
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jungbluth
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hilton-Jones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015624:Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000276:immunology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000069283:Rituximab
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D000069283:Rituximab; C095714:MUSK protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases