Management and prevention of renal ablative therapy complications.
BACKGROUND
The increasing diagnosis of incidental small renal masses has contributed to energy ablative techniques being increasingly utilized as a primary surgical modality. Despite promise associated with thermal ablation, complications related to both cryoablation (CA) and radiofrequency ablations (RFA) do occur.


METHODS
Contemporary literature on renal ablative procedures (CA and RFA) was reviewed to highlight diagnosis, management, and prevention of complications associated with these procedures.


RESULTS
While morbidity for renal thermal ablation is typically less than extirpative renal surgery, a range of complications of varying severity may exist. Such complications can include sequelae from choice of access site, procedural bleeding, visceral injury, or damage to the collecting system or ipsilateral ureter.


CONCLUSIONS
An understanding of complications secondary to renal ablation is essential for urologists and radiologists to facilitate prompt diagnosis, appropriate management, and future prevention.
Igor Pinkhasov
G
G
Division of Urology, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, c4830B, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Raman
Jay D
JD
D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000293:injuries; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014513:Ureter / Q000293:injuries
J Urol. 2008 Aug;180(2):492-8; discussion 498
18550087
J Urol. 2004 Sep;172(3):874-7
15310987
Urology. 2006 Jul;68(1 Suppl):7-13
16857454
Eur Radiol. 2009 Sep;19(9):2180-90
19350243
Urology. 2005 Mar;65(3):592
15780392
J Urol. 2001 Dec;166(6):2109-11
11696716
Eur Radiol. 2008 Apr;18(4):743-6
18060410
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007 Sep;18(9):1183-5
17804783
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2010 Jan;21(1):148-51
20123200
J Urol. 1999 Sep;162(3 Pt 1):765-70; discussion 770-1
10458362
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2006 Dec;17(12):1967-9
17185695
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007 Aug;189(2):429-36
17646471
Urology. 2002 Dec;60(6):954-8
12475648
Urology. 2005 Dec;66(6):1176-80
16360436
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007 Mar;18(3):383-92
17377184
J Endourol. 2008 Nov;22(11):2461-7
18928380
J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007 Dec;18(12):1561-9
18057292
Curr Opin Urol. 2005 Sep;15(5):298-305
16093852
J Surg Res. 1999 Nov;87(1):114-21
10527712
Radiology. 2005 Oct;237(1):366-70
16126920
Invest Urol. 1976 Nov;14(3):241-5
992978
J Urol. 2005 Apr;173(4):1368-74
15758807
J Urol. 2000 Oct;164(4):1143-7
10992354
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005 Dec;185(6):1627-31
16304025
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2006 Sep 20;98(18):1331-4
16985252
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 May;186(5 Suppl):S249-54
16632684
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2005 Jul;185(1):64-71
15972400
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2010 Mar;194(3):779-83
20173159
J Urol. 1999 Mar;161(3):887-90
10022706
J Endourol. 2009 Jun;23(6):907-11
19456244