title: Serum 25-OH vitamin D levels and risk of developing prostate cancer in older men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple studies have shown clear evidence of vitamin D's anti-tumor effects on prostate cancer cells in laboratory experiments, but the evidence has not been consistent in humans. We sought to examine the association between vitamin D and prostate cancer risk in a cohort of older men.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective case-cohort study nested within the multicenter Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study. Baseline serum 25-OH vitamin D was measured in a randomly selected sub-cohort of 1,433 men > or = 65 years old without a history of prostate cancer and from all participants with an incident diagnosis of prostate cancer (n = 297). Cox proportional hazards models were used to evaluate the associations between quartiles of total 25-OH vitamin D and incident prostate cancer, as well as Gleason score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In comparison with the lowest quartile of 25-OH vitamin D, the hazard ratio for the highest quartile of 25-OH vitamin D was 1.22 (CI 0.50-1.72, p = 0.25), no trend across quartiles (p = 0.94) or association with Gleason score was observed. Adjustment for covariates did not alter the results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this prospective cohort of older men, we found no association between serum 25-OH vitamin D levels and subsequent risk of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology and the Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, CH-14R, 3303 SW Bond Ave, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Carrie M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nielson
authors.forename: Jackie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.forename: June M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shikany
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barrett-Connor
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Orwoll
authors.forename: Tomasz M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D
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