RARgamma and TRbeta expressions are decreased in PBMC and SWAT of obese subjects in weight gain.
In order to evaluate the expression of nuclear receptors at the peripheral level in obese subjects, messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of different isoforms of retinoic acid receptor (RAR), triiodothyronine (TR), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) were determined and compared in peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (SWAT). Twelve lean subjects and 68 obese subjects divided into weight gain (WG), weight-stable (WS), and weight loss (WL) groups were studied. Nuclear receptor mRNA levels were assessed in PBMC and SWAT using a quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method. mRNA levels of RARgamma were significantly lower in PBMC of obese subjects (WG -19%, WS -30%, and WL -24.7%) as in SWAT of WG (-50%). Lower mRNA levels of TRbeta were observed in PBMC and SWAT of WG (-50.7% and -28%, respectively) just as for TRalpha in PBMC of WG (-19%). In contrast, retinoid X receptors alpha (RXRalpha) and RARalpha mRNA levels were higher in PBMC of obese subjects (+53% and +54.5% in WG, +56% and +67% in WS, and +68% and +49.7% in WL, respectively), while expression of RXRalpha was lower in SWAT of WG (-24.5%). As for PPARgamma, its mRNA level was significantly higher in PBMC of WG subjects (+34%) while its expression was not modified in SWAT, contrary to the PPARgamma2 isoform which was significantly higher. These data show that in both adipose tissue and blood compartment of obese subjects, expressions of RARgamma and TRbeta were downregulated. Thus, we suggest that the expression in PBMC of obese subjects may constitute new cellular indicators of nuclear receptor retinoid and thyroid status.
Bairras
C
C
Unité de Nutrition et Neurosciences (U2N), Université Bordeaux 1, Avenue des Facultés, 33405 Talence, France.
Redonnet
A
A
Dabadie
H
H
Gin
H
H
Atgie
C
C
Pallet
V
V
Higueret
P
P
Noël-Suberville
C
C
D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics*; D000097768:Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D000097768:Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma
Mol Cell Biol. 1996 Apr;16(4):1567-75
8657131
Cell. 1995 Dec 15;83(6):835-9
8521507
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1999 Jan;23(1):1-6
10094571
J Clin Immunol. 2003 Jan;23(1):46-54
12645859
Metabolism. 2001 Oct;50(10):1161-7
11586487
Nature. 1998 Jan 1;391(6662):79-82
9422508
Biochem J. 1993 Aug 1;293 ( Pt 3):807-12
8394693
Nature. 1998 Jan 1;391(6662):82-6
9422509
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2002 Sep;87(9):4203-7
12213872
Eur J Endocrinol. 2005 Mar;152(3):449-58
15757863
Diabetologia. 1985 Jul;28(7):412-9
3899825
Br J Nutr. 2008 Oct;100(4):722-30
18384703
J Clin Invest. 1997 May 15;99(10):2416-22
9153284
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Aug 19;100(17):10067-72
12888625
J Biol Chem. 2003 Oct 24;278(43):41589-92
12963727
Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2005 Jul;73(1):51-8
15936932
Life Sci. 2003 Jan 3;72(7):831-6
12479981
FASEB J. 1996 Jul;10(9):940-54
8801176
J Mol Endocrinol. 2005 Jun;34(3):849-58
15956352
J Physiol Biochem. 2005 Jun;61(2):353-61
16180333
J Physiol Biochem. 2007 Dec;63(4):317-27
18457007
J Biol Chem. 1997 Mar 21;272(12):8071-6
9065481
J Clin Invest. 2001 Oct;108(7):1001-13
11581301
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2002 Jul;26(7):920-7
12080444
J Clin Invest. 1996 Jun 1;97(11):2553-61
8647948
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1994 Mar 1;91(5):1786-90
8127882
Int J Cancer. 2005 Oct 10;116(6):839-46
15856452
J Immunol. 2000 Oct 15;165(8):4217-25
11035054
Mol Cell Endocrinol. 1994 Sep;104(2):201-11
7988747
J Pharmacol Sci. 2005 Feb;97(2):190-4
15725699
Diabetes. 1986 Feb;35(2):155-64
3510922
Ann Nutr Metab. 2009;54(1):43-51
19246894
Biofactors. 2000;13(1-4):103-9
11237167
Science. 2000 Dec 15;290(5499):2140-4
11118147