title: Mexican Trypanosoma cruzi T. cruzi I strains with different degrees of virulence induce diverse humoral and cellular immune responses in a murine experimental infection model.
abstract: It is has been shown that the majority of T. cruzi strains isolated from Mexico belong to the T. cruzi I (TCI). The immune response produced in response to Mexican T. cruzi I strains has not been well characterized. In this study, two Mexican T. cruzi I strains were used to infect Balb/c mice. The Queretaro (TBAR/MX/0000/Queretaro)(Qro) strain resulted in 100% mortality. In contrast, no mortality was observed in mice infected with the Ninoa (MHOM/MX/1994/Ninoa) strain. Both strains produced extended lymphocyte infiltrates in cardiac tissue. Ninoa infection induced a diverse humoral response with a higher variety of immunoglobulin isotypes than were found in Qro-infected mice. Also, a stronger inflammatory TH1 response, represented by IL-12p40, IFNgamma, RANTES, MIG, MIP-1beta, and MCP-1 production was observed in Qro-infected mice when compared with Ninoa-infected mice. We propose that an exacerbated TH1 immune response is a likely cause of pathological damage observed in cardiac tissue and the primary cause of death in Qro-infected mice.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, D.F. CP 04510, Mexico. besgu@biomedicas.unam.mx
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rico
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oaxaca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vizcaino-Castillo
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000469:parasitology; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes
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