Administering the Implicit Association Test in an ecological momentary assessment study.
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is widely used to assess automatic associations in memory. The feasibility of administering the test in an Ecological Momentary Assessment setting was examined with 15 smokers and 15 nonsmokers who carried a handheld computer for 1 wk. as they went about their daily lives. They completed the Implicit Association Test on the computer at random times 4 times a day and whenever they felt suddenly anxious. Overall, participants completed 80.4% of random assessments (M = 23.4 assessments). Nonsmokers initially exhibited a more negative IAT Effect than smokers. Over repeated testing, however, the IAT Effect of nonsmokers (but not smokers) became less negative, and the between-group difference disappeared. The data show that it is feasible to administer the Implicit Association Test in an Ecological Momentary Assessment setting, and that the IAT Effect can change with extensive testing.
Waters
Andrew J
AJ
Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. andrew.waters@usuhs.mil
Miller
Elizabeth K
EK
Li
Yisheng
Y
D000328:Adult; D001244:Association; D034201:Computers, Handheld; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012660:Semantics; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D012931:Social Environment; D012984:Software; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2007 Jun;38(2):200-11
17125734
J Consult Clin Psychol. 2004 Apr;72(2):192-201
15065954
Subst Use Misuse. 2004;39(10-12):1625-84
15587947
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2004 Jun;133(2):139-65
15149248
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2007 Dec 1;91(2-3):178-86
17658701
Biometrics. 1988 Dec;44(4):1049-60
3233245
Addict Behav. 2005 Jun;30(5):949-61
15893091
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2009 Jul;97(1):17-41
19586237
Behav Res Methods. 2005 Aug;37(3):506-12
16405147
J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Feb;112(1):100-9
12653418
Addict Behav. 2006 Jan;31(1):182-6
15919160
Br J Addict. 1991 Sep;86(9):1119-27
1932883
J Abnorm Psychol. 2002 Nov;111(4):648-658
12428778
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2008 Mar;197(1):25-35
18064440
Nicotine Tob Res. 2002 May;4(2):149-59
12028847
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2003 Aug;85(2):197-216
12916565
Psychol Bull. 2009 May;135(3):347-368
19379018
J Behav Ther Exp Psychiatry. 2002 Jun;33(2):115-33
12472175
Addiction. 2006 Dec;101(12):1822-32
17156182
Emotion. 2005 Dec;5(4):476-88
16366751