title: The effects of estrogen, progesterone and polypropylene mesh on vaginal smooth muscle cell proliferation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the effects of estrogen, progesterone and polypropylene mesh on vaginal smooth muscle cell proliferation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary smooth muscle cell (SMC) cultures were performed from vaginal biopsies which were then incubated with estradiol (0.1 microM, 1 microM, 10 microM), progesterone (5 nM, 50 nM, 0.5 microM), or polypropylene mesh to assess cell proliferation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro vaginal SMC proliferation was significantly increased by estradiol but not by progesterone or by polypropylene mesh (relative cell number, mean +/- SD, control vs. estrogen 0.24 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.28 +/- 0.02, P=0.01; control vs. progesterone 0.24 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.23 +/- 0.02, P=NS and control vs. mesh, 0.24 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.24 +/- 0.01, P=NS). In addition, estradiol increased cell proliferation in a dose responsive fashion (estradiol dose: 0.1 microM, 1 microM, 10 microM) compared to control (P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vaginal SMC proliferation is significantly increased by estrogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33010, USA. ptakacs@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Takacs
authors.forename: Yanping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sindy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jaramillo
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bardawil
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Candiotti
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Medina
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000502:physiology*; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011374:Progesterone / Q000502:physiology*; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014621:Vagina / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011374:Progesterone