title: Unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy in children: predictive factors for malignancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine clinical factors that are able to predict the likelihood of malignancy of unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of 175 cases with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy, including sex, age, fever, number of involved regions, and location and size of the largest node, were collected. Receiver operating characteristic analysis was performed to find out the optimal parameter for size of the largest node. Logistic regression was applied to determine independent predictors for malignancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of receiver operating characteristic analysis, the ratio of maximal width to maximal length (ratio) was confirmed as the optimal parameter of size for malignancy prediction, and its threshold, which maximized sensitivity and specificity, was 0.5. Multivariate binary logistic regression model indicated that number of involved regions (odds ratio [OR], 5.169; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.291-20.691; P = .020), location of the largest node (OR, 12.423; 95% CI, 3.657-42.205; P = .000), and ratio (OR, 52.080; 95% CI, 16.089-168.588; P = .000) were significant independent predictors of malignancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher ratio (>0.5), multiple cervical regions of adenopathy (> or =2), and region II or III location of the largest node are associated with malignancy. These data should be helpful to supplement clinical judgment in determining which enlarged cervical nodes harbor cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy of Tianjin, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, 300060, China.
authors.forename: Jingfu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guanghua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhanglin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guangchao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hongjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xishan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity