title: Thermal increment due to ErCr:YSGG and CO2 laser irradiation of different implant surfaces. A pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An evaluation and comparison is made of the thermal increment at different implant surfaces during irradiation with CO2 and ErCr:YSGG lasers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five threaded and impacted implants with four types of surfaces were inserted in an adult pig rib: two implants with a hydroxyapatite surface (HA) (impacted and threaded, respectively), a machined titanium surface implant (TI mach), a titanium plasma spray surface implant (TPS), and a sandblasted, acid-etched surface implant (SBAE). A 0.5-mm diameter bone defect was made in the implant apical zone, and a type-K thermocouple (Termopar) was placed in contact with the implant. The implants were irradiated in the coronal zone of each implant with a CO2 (4 W continuous mode) and an ErCr:YSGG laser (1.5 W, pulsed mode) first without and then with refrigeration. The temperature variations at the implant apical surface were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An apical temperature increase was recorded in all cases during CO2 and ErCr:YSGG laser irradiation without refrigeration. However, when the ErCr:YSGG was used with a water spray, a decrease in temperature was observed in all implants. The acid-etched and sandblasted surfaces were those most affected by the thermal changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ErCr:YSGG laser with a water spray applied to the sealing cap or coronal zone of the implants does not generate thermal increments in the apical surface capable of adversely affecting osseointegration and the integrity of the peri-implant bone tissue.
authors.affiliation: Barcelona University Dental School, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Laila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gómez-Santos
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arnabat-Domínguez
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sierra-Rebolledo
authors.forename: Cosme
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gay-Escoda
mesh_terms: D015921:Dental Implants; D054020:Lasers, Gas; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants