Identification of type-specific anticancer histone deacetylase inhibitors: road to success.
Cancer is a serious and life-eliminating disease. Majority of anticancer agents are non-selective. Along with the cancerous cells they also target the normal ones. An important aspect is to hit the developing mechanism of the tumor, which is highlighted by in silico drug designing. On the basis of novel molecular targets, in silico (computational approach) drug discovery has emerged as today's need. Histone deacetylases are an important therapeutic target for many human cancers. The first and only approved (in 2006) histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) is Zolinza. Depending on the types of the histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, discovery of type-specific inhibitors is important. With continued research and development, in near future HDACIs are likely to figure prominently in cancer treatment plans. This review presents the overview of HDACs, their role in cancer, their structural classes, activity, catalytic domain and the inhibitors of HDACs for cancer therapy. Also it helps in understanding the open directions in this area of research and highlights the importance of computational approaches in discovering specific drugs for cancer therapy.
Noureen
Nighat
N
Department of Computer Science and Bioinformatics, Mohammad Ali Jinnah University, Jinnah Avenue, Blue Area, Islamabad, Pakistan. nighatnoureen@gmail.com
Rashid
Hamid
H
Kalsoom
Saima
S
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015195:Drug Design; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases