title: Associations among calcium intake, resting energy expenditure, and body fat in a multiethnic sample of children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine if calcium intake was associated with resting energy expenditure (REE) and body fat in children after accounting for ancestral genetic background.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 315 children. REE, body composition, and dietary calcium were assessed by indirect calorimetry, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, and 24-hour recalls, respectively. Structural equations modeling assessed the relationships among REE, calcium intake, and body fat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were positive associations between calcium intake and REE (P<.01) and between REE and total body fat (P<.0001). There was indirect effect of calcium intake on total body fat (P<.01). There were positive associations between calcium intake and REE (P<.01), and a trend toward an association of calcium intake and total body fat (P=.065) among boys only, whereas the only significant relationship among girls was an association of REE on total body fat (P<.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  REE was associated with calcium intake and mediated a relationship between calcium intake and total body fat. These findings suggest calcium intake may play a role in fat accumulation and energy balance through its effects on REE, especially in boys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition Sciences and Clinical Nutrition Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-3360, USA.
authors.forename: Lynae J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.forename: Krista
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Casazza
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Willig
authors.forename: Michelle I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Cardel
authors.forename: T Mark
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fernandez
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D001741:Black or African American; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary
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