title: Cytotoxic naphthoquinones from Alkanna cappadocica ( perpendicular).
abstract: In a continuing program to discover new anticancer agents from plants, especially naphthoquinones from the Alkanna genus, Alkanna cappadocica was investigated. Bioassay-guided fractionation of a dichloromethane/methanol (1:1) extract of the roots led to the isolation of four new and four known naphthoquinones. The known compounds are 11-deoxyalkannin (1), beta,beta-dimethylacrylalkannin (2), 11-O-acetylalkannin (3), and alkannin (4). The new compounds 5-O-methyl-11-deoxyalkannin (5), 8-O-methyl-11-deoxyalkannin (6), 5-O-methyl-11-O-acetylalkannin (7), and 5-O-methyl-beta,beta-dimethylacrylalkannin (8) were characterized by spectroscopic analyses (LC-ESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR). Cytotoxicity of the isolated compounds was evaluated versus 12 human cancer cell lines, HT-29, MDA-MB-231, PC-3, AU565, Hep G2, LNCaP, MCF7, HeLa, SK-BR-3, DU 145, Saos-2, and Hep 3B together with two normal cell lines, VERO and 3T3, by using the MTT assay. Compound 7 showed remarkable cytotoxicity with IC(50) values between 0.09 and 14.07 muM. It was more potent than the other compounds in six out of 12 cancer cell lines and the positive controls doxorubicin and etoposide. The mono-O-methylated alkannin derivatives and their cytotoxicities are reported for the first time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sevimli-Gur
authors.forename: Ismail H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Akgun
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Deliloglu-Gurhan
authors.forename: Kemal S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Erdal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bedir
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028082:Boraginaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D014421:Turkey; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009285:Naphthoquinones; C018204:alkannin