title: Breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema self-care: education, practices, symptoms, and quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary purpose of this study was to cross-sectionally examine breast cancer treatment-related lymphedema self-care education, self-care practices, and perceived self-care barriers, burdens, and benefits. We also explored the associations among self-care education, practices, symptoms, and quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer survivors with known lymphedema.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional design was used to obtain data about lymphedema self-care education, self-care practices, perceived self-care barriers, burdens, and benefits, symptoms, and QOL. Frequency distributions and Spearman rank-order correlations were used to analyze quantitative data. Thematic qualitative analysis of perceived barriers, benefits, and burdens of self-care was also undertaken.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surveys were completed and returned by 51 of 58 eligible individuals. Of the 51 responding, 48 had received some self-care education, but three did not think it was adequate. Wearing a compression garment was the most frequently cited self-care activity, and 18 of the 51 required help with self-care. Thirty-three percent, 17/51, spent 15 minutes or less per day on self-care. Multiple barriers to self-care were identified. Those with more symptoms spent more time on self-care activities and had a poorer QOL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Opportunities exist to improve lymphedema self-care education. Breast cancer survivors with lymphedema experience symptoms beyond that of simple swelling of the affected limb. Self-care is burdensome. Barriers to providing lymphedema self-care exist and may vary across patients. A multidisciplinary approach to lymphedema management, including self-care education and monitoring, is likely needed to improve QOL in this population.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt University School of Nursing, 461 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37240, USA. sheila.ridner@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Sheila H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ridner
authors.forename: Mary S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kidd
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D058128:Compression Bandages; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D017741:Survivors; D013997:Time Factors
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