Hyperuricemia as an independent risk factor of chronic kidney disease in middle-aged and elderly population.
BACKGROUND
Hyperuricemia in the general population remains controversial, in terms of it being considered a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Within this context, we evaluated the effects of hyperuricemia on renal function in older Taiwanese adults.


METHODS
From January 2002 to December 2006, we conducted a community-based medical screening program involving 31,331 subjects older than 40 years. According to the National Kidney Foundation guidelines, stage 3 to 5 patients with CKD were included for analysis. Age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol and proteinuria were considered potential confounders.


RESULTS
Participants with hyperuricemia tended to have higher systolic blood pressure, sugar levels, body mass index, and cholesterol and triglyceride levels but lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels; eGFR negatively correlated with serum uric acid level. By using multiple logistic regression models before and after adjusting for any confounding factors, we noted that participants with hyperuricemia had a 4.036-fold (odds ratios = 4.036) and 3.649-fold (odds ratios = 3.649) increased risk for CKD, respectively, compared with the control group. We used multiple linear regression analysis to examine the association of serum uric acid level and eGFR at different stages of CKD; significance was found only in participants with stage 3 CKD and not in participants with stages 4 or 5.


CONCLUSIONS
Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for CKD in middle-aged and elderly Taiwanese adults. Thus, an effective screening program that identifies people with hyperuricemia is warranted.
Chang
Hung-Yu
HY
Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.
Tung
Chun-Wu
CW
Lee
Pei-Hsien
PH
Lei
Chen-Chou
CC
Hsu
Yung-Chien
YC
Chang
Hsun-Hao
HH
Yang
Hsueh-Fang
HF
Lu
Long-Chuan
LC
Jong
Ming-Chung
MC
Chen
Chiu-Yueh
CY
Fang
Kuei-Ying
KY
Chao
Yu-Shiu
YS
Shih
Ya-Hsueh
YH
Lin
Chun-Liang
CL
D000368:Aged; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
D014527:Uric Acid