title: Phospholipids act as secondary receptor during the entry of the enveloped, double-stranded RNA bacteriophage phi6.
abstract: Bacteriophage phi6 is the type member of the family Cystoviridae and infects Gram-negative Pseudomonas syringae cells. The virion consists of a protein-rich lipid envelope enclosing a nucleocapsid. The nucleocapsid covers the icosahedral polymerase complex that encloses the double-stranded RNA genome. Here, we demonstrate that nucleocapsid surface protein P8 is the single nucleocapsid component interacting with the cytoplasmic membrane. This interaction takes place between P8 and phospholipid. Based on this and previous studies, we propose a model where the periplasmic nucleocapsid interacts with the phospholipid head groups and, when the membrane voltage exceeds the threshold of 110 mV, this interaction drives the nucleocapsid through the cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in an intracellular vesicle containing the nucleocapsid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Institute of Biotechnology, Biocenter 2, PO Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Virginija
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cvirkaitė-Krupovič
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Institute of Biotechnology, Biocenter 2, PO Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Minna M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Poranen
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences and Institute of Biotechnology, Biocenter 2, PO Box 56 (Viikinkaari 5), FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Dennis H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Bamford
mesh_terms: D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017105:Pseudomonas Phages / Q000502:physiology*; D044224:Pseudomonas syringae / Q000821:virology*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D053585:Virus Attachment; D053586:Virus Internalization
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D011991:Receptors, Virus