Treatment of psychiatric disorders in children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS.
We could not have predicted that HIV/AIDS would become one of our greatest public health challenges worldwide when the first cases were identified in the 1980s. More than 22 million people have died from the disease, and HIV is now the seventh-leading cause of death in the United States among 15- to 24-year-olds. At the beginning of this pandemic, most HIV infections of youth were acquired congenitally. Prenatal screening of pregnant women, early detection, and antiretroviral therapies have reduced mother-to-child transmission. Children born with HIV infections are now young adults living with HIV, while other adolescents are acquiring HIV primarily through high-risk behaviors. Associations between psychiatric symptoms and poor health outcomes have been recognized among adults. Few studies have examined these factors among youth. We review what is known about psychiatric syndromes among HIV-positive youth, and their treatments.
Benton
Tami D
TD
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine/The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, The Behavioral Health Center, Suite 400, 3440 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. bentont@email.chop.edu
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D055815:Young Adult