title: Dietary macronutrient and energy intake and urinary incontinence in women.
abstract: Weight loss involving diet modification improves urinary incontinence (UI) in women, but little is known about dietary correlates of UI. The authors examined intakes of total energy, carbohydrate, protein, and fats in relation to UI in a cross-sectional sample of 2,060 women in the population-based Boston Area Community Health Survey (2002-2005). Data were collected from in-person home interviews and food frequency questionnaires. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the presence of moderate-to-severe UI; a severity index was analyzed in secondary analysis of 597 women with urine leakage. Greater total energy intake was associated with UI (P(trend) = 0.0001; highest quintile vs. lowest: adjusted odds ratio = 2.86, 95% confidence interval: 1.56, 5.23) and increased severity. No associations were observed with intake of carbohydrates, protein, or total fat. However, the ratio of saturated fat intake to polyunsaturated fat intake was positively associated with UI (highest quintile vs. lowest: adjusted odds ratio = 2.48, 95% confidence interval: 1.22, 5.06) and was strongly associated with severity (P(trend) < 0.0001). Results suggest that dietary changes, particularly decreasing saturated fat relative to polyunsaturated fat and decreasing total calories, could independently account for some of the benefits of weight loss in women with UI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, New England Research Institutes, Watertown, Massachusetts, USA. nmaserejian@neriscience.com
authors.forename: Nancy N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Maserejian
authors.forename: Edward L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: McVary
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McGrother
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: McKinlay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000145:classification; D002149:Energy Intake; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D009752:Nutritional Status; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids