title: Comparison of FTIR spectra between Huanglongbing (citrus greening) and other citrus maladies.
abstract: Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has the ability to quickly identify the presence of specific carbohydrates in plant materials. The presence of the disease huanglongbing (HLB) in the leaves of infected citrus plants has a distinctive spectrum that can be used to distinguish an infected plant from a healthy plant. However, many citrus diseases display similar visible symptoms and are of concern to citrus growers. In this study several citrus diseases (citrus leaf rugose virus, citrus tristeza virus, citrus psorosis virus, and Xanthomonas axonopodis ) and nutrient deficiencies (iron, copper, zinc, manganese, and magnesium) were compared with HLB using FTIR spectroscopy to determine if the spectra alone can be used to identify plants that are infected with HLB instead of another disease. The results indicate that the spectra of some diseases and deficiencies more closely resemble those of apparently healthy plants and some share the carbohydrate transformation that has been seen in the spectra of HLB-infected plants.
authors.affiliation: Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Russell Research Center, 950 College Station Road, Athens, Georgia 30605, USA. Samantha.hawkins@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Samantha A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Bosoon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Gavin H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Poole
authors.forename: Tim R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Gottwald
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Windham
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Albano
authors.forename: Kurt C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lawrence
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D032083:Citrus paradisi; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D010942:Plant Viruses; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014974:Xanthomonas
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates