title: Clinical and biological predictors of Alzheimer's disease in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify predictors of the progression from pre-dementia stages of cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease is relevant to clinical management and to substantiate the decision of prescribing antidementia drugs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study of a cohort of elderly adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment and healthy controls, carried out to estimate the risk and characterize predictors of the progression to Alzheimer's disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment had a higher risk to develop Alzheimer's disease during follow-up (odds ratio = 4.5, CI₉₅(%) [1.3-13.6], p = 0.010). At baseline, older age, lower scores on memory tests and presence of the APOE*4 allele predicted the progression from amnestic mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease. In a sub sample of amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients, those who progressed to Alzheimer's disease had lower cerebrospinal fluid concentrations of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ₄₂, p = 0.020) and higher concentrations of total TAU (p = 0.030) and phosphorylated TAU (p = 0.010), as compared to non-converters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first Brazilian study to report cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in the prediction of the conversion from MCI to Alzheimer's disease. Our data are in accordance with those reported in other settings. The measurement of cerebrospinal fluid total-TAU, phospho-TAU and Aβ₄₂ may help identify patients with mild cognitive impairment at higher risk for developing Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Universidade de São Paulo, SP, Brazil. forlenza@usp.br
authors.forename: Orestes V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Forlenza
authors.forename: Breno S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Diniz
authors.forename: Leda L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Talib
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radanovic
authors.forename: Monica S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yassuda
authors.forename: Elida B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Ojopi
authors.forename: Wagner F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Gattaz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000647:Amnesia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D016875:tau Proteins