title: Surfactant-free poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) particles with surface-bound antibodies for activation and proliferation of human T cells.
abstract: In this article, we present our results on the design of new polymeric carriers for antibodies. Polymer colloids based on poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate) were synthesized by surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. Obtained polymer particles stabilized by grafted poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chains and carrying active epoxy groups were used for the covalent immobilization of activating antibodies against the human surface proteins CD (cluster of differentiation) 3 and CD28. The particle-antibody conjugates were employed for the stimulation of human CD4 memory T cells. This was analyzed by the up-regulation of the activation markers CD69 and CD25 on T cells and T cell proliferation as assessed by the dilution of a fluorescent dye on dividing daughter T cells. The particle-antibody conjugates were able to stimulate T cells at least as efficiently as conventional methods, e.g., surface-immobilized antibodies. Furthermore, an increase of the PEG chain length of the particles decreased the efficiency of the particle-antibody conjugates to activate T cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Medizinische Poliklinik, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munich, D-80336 Munich, Germany. katja.thuemmler@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thümmler
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Häntzschel
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skapenko
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulze-Koops
authors.forename: Andrij
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pich
mesh_terms: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010316:Particle Size; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D055910:Antibodies, Immobilized; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D017252:CD3 Complex; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C524317:poly(styrene-co-glycidyl methacrylate)