title: Highly sensitive transient isotachophoresis sample stacking coupling with capillary electrophoresis-amperometric detection for analysis of doping substances.
abstract: A simple and effective method of capillary electrophoresis-amperometric detection (CE-AD) coupled with transient isotachophoresis (tITP) was developed for the trace determination of doping substances. Compared with the conventional capillary electrophoresis method, the maximum enhancement factor in terms of peak heights was up to 5500-fold when the tITP technique was adopted. Under the optimum conditions, the detection limit (S/N=3) for methylephedrine (MDP), celiprolol (CEL), sotalol (SOT) and indapamide (IDP) were 4.2 x 10(-14), 6.3 x 10(-13), 5.8 x 10(-14) and 9.5 x 10(-13)molL(-1), respectively. The RSDs of four analytes were 1.0-2.3% for migration time and 2.6-3.8% for peak current, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine the contents of SOT and IDP in real urine sample, and the excretion curve of IDP within 48h was also investigated. The recoveries of the four doping in urine ranged from 90.0 to 102%.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (Fuzhou University), Fuzhou, Fujian, China.
authors.forename: Lihui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yuwu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Guonan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D017272:Celiprolol / Q000032:analysis; D004232:Diuretics; D004300:Doping in Sports; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007190:Indapamide / Q000032:analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013015:Sotalol / Q000032:analysis; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D004232:Diuretics; C041707:N-methylephedrine; D013015:Sotalol; D017272:Celiprolol; D007190:Indapamide; D004809:Ephedrine