Growth inhibitory and apoptosis inducing by effects of total flavonoids from Lysimachia clethroides Duby in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells.
BACKGROUND
Lysimachia clethroides Duby is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb has been used in China to treat edema, jaundice diseases, hepatitis, tumor and inflammations, but the anti-tumor mechanisms are unclear.


OBJECTIVE
The present study was undertaken to investigate if total flavonoids from Lysimachia clethroides Duby (ZE4) possesses anti-cancer effects through apoptotic pathways in human chronic myeloid leukemia K562 cells.


METHODS
K562 cells were treated with different concentrations of ZE4 at different time intervals. Cell viability was measured by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry, Hoechst 33258 staining and COMET assay. Western blot analysis was used to detect Bcl-2, Trail and DR5 expressions.


RESULTS
15 flavonoids were isolated and identified from ZE4. ZE4 could inhibit the growth of K562 cells significantly by induction of apoptosis. Marked morphological changes of apoptosis, DNA fragmentation and single DNA strand breakages were observed clearly after treatment of ZE4. Bcl-2 expression was down-regulated remarkably while Fas, Trail and DR5 up-regulated when apoptosis occurred.


CONCLUSIONS
This result suggests that total flavonoids of Lysimachia clethroides Duby exert potential anti-cancer activity through growth inhibition and apoptosis in K562 cells.
Liu
Yan-li
YL
College of Pharmacy, Soochow University, No. 199 Renai Road, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, China.
Tang
Li-hua
LH
Liang
Zhong-qin
ZQ
You
Ben-gang
BG
Yang
Shi-lin
SL
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D018515:Plant Leaves; D029623:Primulaceae
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005419:Flavonoids; D006131:Growth Inhibitors