title: Radiological characterisation of synthetic rutile using HPGe gamma spectrometry.
abstract: This paper discusses the radiological characterisation of synthetic rutile, which is the source material for the production of titanium. The natural radioactivity due to uranium ((238)U), thorium ((232)Th) series radionuclides and potassium ((40)K) was measured in synthetic rutile samples of a production plant in Tamil Nadu, India. n-type high-purity germanium-coupled gamma spectrometry was used for the analysis. It is observed that thorium is more abundant than any other radionuclide, which is due to the monazite present in the primary sand. The activity index (I) evaluated from the radioactivity concentrations of (226)Ra, (232)Th and (40)K of the analysed samples is found to be well below the recommended levels. This study shows that the use of synthetic rutile from Tamil Nadu, India, for the manufacture of building materials will not pose any increased radiation exposure to the public beyond the dose criterion of the European Union.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Assessment Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai 400 085, India. esakki@gmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chinnaesakki
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Bara
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sartandel
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Puranik
mesh_terms: D003252:Construction Materials / Q000032:analysis; D007194:India; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011197:Potassium Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D012984:Software; D013051:Spectrometry, Gamma / Q000379:methods*; D013910:Thorium / Q000032:analysis; D014025:Titanium / Q000032:analysis*; D014501:Uranium / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D011197:Potassium Radioisotopes; D011868:Radioisotopes; D014501:Uranium; D013910:Thorium; D014025:Titanium