title: Application of membrane-coupled sequencing batch reactor for oilfield produced water recycle and beneficial re-use.
abstract: Oil and gas field wastewater or produced water is a significant waste stream in the oil and gas industries. In this study, the performance of a membrane sequencing batch reactor (MSBR) and membrane sequencing batch reactor/reverse osmosis (MSBR/RO) process treating produced wastewater were investigated and compared. The MSBR was operated in different hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 8, 20 and 44 h. Operation results showed that for a HRT of 20 h, the combined process effluent chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC) and oil and grease (O&G) removal efficiencies were 90.9%, 92% and 91.5%, respectively. The MSBR effluent concentration levels met the required standard for oil well re-injection. The RO treatment reduced the salt and organic contents to acceptable levels for irrigation and different industrial re-use. Foulant biopsy demonstrated that the fouling on the membrane surface was mainly due to inorganic (salts) and organic (microorganisms and their products, hydrocarbon constituents) matters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, 43400 Selangor DE, Malaysia. fakhrul@eng.upm.edu.my
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fakhru'l-Razi
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pendashteh
authors.forename: Zurina Zainal
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Abidin
authors.forename: Luqman Chuah
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Dayang Radiah Awang
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Biak
authors.forename: Sayed Siavash
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Madaeni
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010578:Petroleum / Q000382:microbiology*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010578:Petroleum