title: Water fluoridation in the Blue Mountains reduces risk of tooth decay.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In April 1992, the fluoride concentration in the Blue Mountains water supply was adjusted to 1 mg/L. Baseline dmft/DMFT has been determined in children attending schools in the region and in the adjacent reference region of Hawkesbury, fluoridated since 1968. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the water fluoridation programme in the Blue Mountains.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2003, children attending the same schools were sampled. Residential history data were obtained by questionnaire and caries experience was assessed according to WHO guidelines. The analysis was restricted to lifelong resident children aged 5-11 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline and follow-up dmft scores for Blue Mountains children aged 5-8 years were 2.36 and 0.67, respectively. The age-adjusted decrease in odds of experiencing one or more dmft due to fluoridation was 0.26 (CI(95) 0.19, 0.37). The corresponding DMFT scores for Blue Mountains children aged 8-11 were 0.76 and 0.21 and the corresponding decrease in odds of experiencing one or more DMFT due to fluoridation was 0.25 (CI(95) 0.16, 0.40).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tooth decay reduction observed in the Blue Mountains corresponds to high rates reported elsewhere and demonstrates the substantial benefits of water fluoridation.
authors.affiliation: Community Oral Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Westmead NSW. w.evans@dentistry.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: A C Y
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Hsiau
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dennison
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jalaludin
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005457:Fluoridation; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires