Effect of surface modifications on early bone healing around plateau root form implants: an experimental study in rabbits.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of the present study was to evaluate the biomechanical fixation and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) of plateau root form implants of varied surfaces.


METHODS
Plateau root form implants, 3.5 mm in diameter, 8 mm in length, with 4 surfaces (n = 16 each)--machined, alumina-blasted/acid-etched, alumina-blasted/acid-etched plus nanothickness bioceramic coating, and plasma-sprayed calcium-phosphate--were used. They were bilaterally placed at the distal femur of 16 New Zealand rabbits and remained in place for 2 and 4 weeks in vivo. After euthanizing the rabbits, the implants were subjected to torque to interface fracture and were subsequently processed as nondecalcified approximately 30-microm-thickness slides for histomorphologic analysis and BIC determination. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of variance at the 95% level of significance, considering implantation time and implant surface as independent variables and the torque-to-interface fracture and BIC as dependent variables.


RESULTS
The torque-to-interface fracture was significantly affected by the implant surface (P < .001) but was not affected by the implantation time (P > .20). The implantation time and implant surface had significant effects on the BIC (P < .04 and P < .001, respectively). The greatest torque-to-interface fracture and BIC was observed for the plasma-sprayed calcium-phosphate.


CONCLUSIONS
The implant surface significantly influenced early bone healing around plateau root form implants.
Suzuki
Marcelo
M
Department of Prosthodontics, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Calasans-Maia
Monica D
MD
Marin
Charles
C
Granato
Rodrigo
R
Gil
Jose N
JN
Granjeiro
Jose M
JM
Coelho
Paulo G
PG
D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005269:Femur / Q000601:surgery; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D019415:Torque
D015921:Dental Implants