title: Long-term ophthalmological follow-up of children with Parinaud syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the long-term ophthalmological outcome of Parinaud syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  The files of 6 children with tumor-related Parinaud syndrome diagnosed and observed from 2000 to 2007 were reviewed. All had papilledema indicating increased intracranial pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean presentation-to-diagnosis delay was 3.6 weeks. Treatment consisted of surgical shunting and complete or partial resection with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 4) and radiation (n = 3). Visual acuity remained stable or improved in 8 of 9 eyes with 20/30 visual acuity at diagnosis; improved bilaterally in 1 patient from 20/100 to 20/25; and deteriorated bilaterally in 1 patient from 20/30 and 20/200 to counting fingers and hand motions, respectively. The most improvement was achieved within 4 months. Findings at follow-up (mean: 4.2 years) included up gaze limitation (minimal in 2 patients), abnormal convergence, convergence retraction nystagmus, and light-near dissociation. One child had bilateral optic atrophy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with tumor-related Parinaud syndrome tend to have subtle but measurable residual ophthalmological findings years after diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Nitza
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goldenberg-Cohen
authors.forename: Jordana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haber
authors.forename: Yonina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ron
authors.forename: Liora
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kornreich
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Snir
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Shalom
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michowiz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018237:Germinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008297:Male; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010211:Papilledema / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011878:Radiotherapy; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology