title: Supported liquid membrane extraction with single hollow fiber for the analysis of fluoroquinolones from environmental surface water samples.
abstract: In this work, the simple analytical method for the determination of four fluoroquinolone antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin and danofloxacin, in environmental surface water samples is described. Sample pretreatment step was performed by the application of a technique based on supported liquid membrane extraction with the configuration of single hollow fiber (HF-SLM). The HPLC system with diode array detection was used for final analysis of studied analytes. Various parameters affecting the extraction efficiency during HF-SLM enrichment, such as type of membrane diluent, pH of donor (sample) and acceptor phases, as well as an enrichment time and salt content of sample were studied. Using the presented hollow-fiber extraction high recovery (70-80%) was achieved. It gave enrichment factor above 100. The detection limits in surface water samples, for the four target antibiotics, were at range 0.01-0.02 microg/l, when 10 ml samples were processed. The obtained results demonstrate the applicability of presented method for the selective extraction of fluoroquinolones in environmental water samples at ultratrace level. Errors, expressed as relative standard deviation (RSD) were below 8%, for all tested concentration levels.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Chemistry, Opole University, Pl. Kopernika 11a, 45-040 Opole, Poland. Anna.Poliwoda@uni.opole.pl
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poliwoda
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krzyzak
authors.forename: Piotr P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Wieczorek
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000032:analysis*; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid