title: The role of the Wnt family of secreted proteins in rat oval "stem" cell-based liver regeneration: Wnt1 drives differentiation.
abstract: To date the molecular signals regulating activation, proliferation, and differentiation of hepatic oval cells are not fully understood. The Wnt family is essential in hepatic embryogenesis and implicated in hepatic carcinogenesis. This study elucidates novel findings implicating Wnt1 in directing oval cell differentiation during the rat 2-acetylaminofluorene (2AAF) and 2/3 partial hepatectomy (PHx) liver regeneration model. Proteins of Wnt family members were predominantly localized in pericentral hepatocytes during liver injury, oval cell activation, and hepatocyte regeneration. In addition, Wnt message increased coinciding with the rise in oval cell number, whereas protein levels peaked immediately after the height of oval cell proliferation. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated nuclear translocation of beta-catenin within oval cells throughout the 2AAF/PHx protocol. Furthermore, RNA interference was used in vivo to confirm the physiological requirement of Wnt1 during the oval cell induction. Ultimately, inhibition of Wnt1 resulted in failure of oval cells to differentiate into hepatocytes and alternatively induced atypical ductular hyperplasia. Taken together, these data indicate that in vivo exposure to Wnt1 shRNA inhibited rat oval cell liver regeneration. In the absence of Wnt1 signaling, oval cells failed to differentiate into hepatocytes and underwent atypical ductular hyperplasia, exhibiting epithelial metaplasia and mucin production. Furthermore, changes in Wnt1 levels are required for the efficient regeneration of the liver by oval cells during massive hepatic injury.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida College of Medicine, Department of Pathology, PO Box 100275, 1600 SW Archer Rd., Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Seh-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Marda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jorgensen
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Steiger
authors.forename: Houda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Darwiche
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shupe
authors.forename: Bryon E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D051157:Frizzled Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006498:Hepatectomy; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008115:Liver Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D034622:RNA Interference; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051155:Wnt1 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D002273:Carcinogens; C495268:Ctnnb1 protein, rat; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; D051155:Wnt1 Protein; C495245:Wnt1 protein, rat; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D051176:beta Catenin; C115011:oval cell marker OV-6; C078603:Fzd1 protein, rat; D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene