DHA metabolism: targeting the brain and lipoxygenation.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the end-product of the metabolism of omega-3 family fatty acids, is the main polyunsaturated fatty acid of the brain, but its accumulation is incompletely understood. This paper reviews how it could accumulate through specific uptake of DHA-containing lysophosphatidylcholine (LysoPC-DHA). DHA migrates very easily from the sn-2 position of LysoPC, which could be considered as the physiological form of polyunsaturated LysoPC, to the sn-1 position, which is much more stable. An approach preventing migration by acetylating the sn-1 position, while retaining the main physico-chemical properties of the carrier, is described. Also, the double lipoxygenation and bond-isomerization of DHA into 10(S),17(S)-docosahexa-4Z,7Z,11E,13Z,15E,19Z-enoic acid, named PDX, by soybean lipoxygenase is described. As in other E,Z,E conjugated trienes, PDX is shown to inhibit human blood platelet aggregation at submicromolar concentrations.
Picq
M
M
Université de Lyon, UMR 870 Inserm/Insa-Lyon, Univ-Lyon 1, INRA, 1235 Lyon, France.
Chen
P
P
Perez
M
M
Michaud
M
M
Véricel
E
E
Guichardant
M
M
Lagarde
M
M
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D008084:Lipoxygenase