PCOSMIC: a multi-centre randomized trial in women with PolyCystic Ovary Syndrome evaluating Metformin for Infertility with Clomiphene.
BACKGROUND
Ovulation induction treatment with metformin, either alone or in combination with clomiphene citrate (CC), remains controversial even though previous randomized trials have examined this.


METHODS
A double blinded multi-centre randomized trial was undertaken including 171 women with anovulatory or oligo-ovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome. Women with high body mass index (BMI) > 32 kg/m(2) received placebo ('standard care') or metformin; women with BMI < or = 32 kg/m(2) received CC ('standard care'), metformin or both. Treatment continued for 6 months or until pregnancy was confirmed. Primary outcomes were clinical pregnancy and live birth.


RESULTS
For women with BMI > 32 kg/m(2), clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were 22% (7/32) and 16% (5/32) with metformin, 15% (5/33) and 6% (2/33) with placebo. For women with BMI < or = 32 kg/m(2), clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were 40% (14/35) and 29% (10/35) with metformin, 39% (14/36) and 36% (13/36) with CC, 54% (19/35) and 43% (15/35) with combination metformin plus CC.


CONCLUSIONS
There is no evidence that adding metformin to 'standard care' is beneficial. Pregnancy and live birth rates are low in women with BMI > 32 kg/m(2) whatever treatment is used, with no evidence of benefit of metformin over placebo. For women with BMI < or = 32 kg/m(2) there is no evidence of significant differences in outcomes whether treated with metformin, CC or both. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00795808; trial protocol accepted for publication November 2005: Johnson, Aust N Z Journal Obstet Gynaecol 2006;46:141-145.
Johnson
N P
NP
Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Auckland, Level 12, Auckland Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand. n.johnson@auckland.ac.nz
Stewart
A W
AW
Falkiner
J
J
Farquhar
C M
CM
Milsom
S
S
Singh
V-P
VP
Okonkwo
Q L
QL
Buckingham
K L
KL
D000858:Anovulation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008687:Metformin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D002996:Clomiphene; D008687:Metformin