title: Item development and validity testing for a self- and proxy report: the safe driving behavior measure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report on item development and validity testing of a self-report older adult safe driving behaviors measure (SDBM).
  
  
  METHODS
  On the basis of theoretical frameworks (Precede-Proceed Model of Health Promotion, Haddon's matrix, and Michon's model), existing driving measures, and previous research and guided by measurement theory, we developed items capturing safe driving behavior. Item development was further informed by focus groups. We established face validity using peer reviewers and content validity using expert raters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peer review indicated acceptable face validity. Initial expert rater review yielded a scale content validity index (CVI) rating of 0.78, with 44 of 60 items rated > or = 0.75. Sixteen unacceptable items (< or = 0.5) required major revision or deletion. The next CVI scale average was 0.84, indicating acceptable content validity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SDBM has relevance as a self-report to rate older drivers. Future pilot testing of the SDBM comparing results with on-road testing will define criterion validity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Public Health and Health Professions, University of Florida, PO Box 100164, Gainesville, FL 32611-0164, USA. sclassen@phhp.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Sherrilene
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Classen
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Velozo
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bédard
authors.forename: Desiree N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Lanford
authors.forename: Babette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brumback
authors.forename: Barbara J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lutz
mesh_terms: D001334:Automobile Driving; D055812:Community-Based Participatory Research; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011594:Psychometrics; D012449:Safety