title: MRI-determined fat content of human liver, pancreas and kidney.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess and correlate the lipid content of various organs in obese subjects and in persons with a normal body weight.
  
  
  METHODS
  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and a previously validated gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging method with Dixon's two point technique were used in this study to quantify fat in liver, pancreas as well as kidney.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 36 volunteers with body mass index (BMI) ranging from 20.0 to 42.9 kg/m(2), the median fat content of liver, pancreas and kidney was 2.3% (interquartile range: 0.2%-7.8%), 2.7% (1.0%-6.5%) and 0.7% (0.1%-1.4%), respectively. BMI and subcutaneous fat correlated significantly with liver and pancreas fat content. We show for the first time the significant correlation of liver and pancreas fat content in healthy controls (r = 0.43, P < 0.01). These observations are related to body weight as measured by BMI and the amount of subcutaneous fat. Kidney fat content is very low and correlates with none of the other fat depots.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal lipid accumulation, unlike the coupled accumulations of fat in liver and pancreas, is not observed in obese subjects. Unlike suggestions made in previous studies, renal lipid accumulation appears not to be involved in the pathogenesis of renal disease in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen and University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, Groningen, The Netherlands. p.e.sijens@rad.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sijens
authors.forename: Mireille A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Edens
authors.forename: Stephan J L
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Stolk
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids