title: Escitalopram attenuates posterior cingulate activity during self-evaluation in healthy volunteers.
abstract: Medial cortex is critically involved in self-referential processing. Little is known about how selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) affect medial cortical activity during self-assessment. We hypothesized that a 3-week oral course of escitalopram,10 mg/day, would alter activity related to self-referential processing in medial cortex. Fifteen healthy females performed a self-assessment task during functional magnetic resonance imaging on two occasions--once after 3 weeks of placebo and once at the end of 3 weeks of escitalopram. Task conditions involved responding "yes" or "no" to whether various positive and negative adjectives described the subject (i.e., "self" evaluation trials) or the subject's best friend (i.e., "other" evaluation trials), whereas the comparison condition involved responding whether the valence of various adjectives was positive or negative (i.e., "word" evaluation trials). Behaviorally after escitalopram, subjects less frequently endorsed that negative adjectives described themselves. Three main neuroimaging results were observed: (1) increased activation in medial prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate related to self minus word evaluation trials, (2) increased activation in posterior cingulate related to escitalopram minus placebo for self and word evaluation trials, and (3) drug by task interactions in the insula, cerebellum and prefrontal cortex. These results show that SSRIs change medial cortical activity and may alter self-evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Research Service, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA. scmatthews@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Alan N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: Irina A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Strigo
authors.forename: Estibaliz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arce
authors.forename: Murray B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Martin P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Paulus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D015283:Citalopram / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012647:Self-Assessment; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015283:Citalopram; D010100:Oxygen; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors