title: Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischaemia of the Leg (BASIL) trial: A description of the severity and extent of disease using the Bollinger angiogram scoring method and the TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus II classification.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Bypass versus Angioplasty in Severe Ischaemia of the Leg (BASIL) trial showed in patients with severe lower limb ischemia (rest pain, tissue loss) who survive for 2 years after intervention that initial randomization to bypass surgery, compared with balloon angioplasty, was associated with an improvement in subsequent amputation-free survival and overall survival of about 6 and 7 months, respectively. The aim of this report is to describe the angiographic severity and extent of infrainguinal arterial disease in the BASIL trial cohort so that the trial outcomes can be appropriately generalized to other patient cohorts with similar anatomic (angiographic) patterns of disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preintervention angiograms were scored using the Bollinger method and the TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) II classification system by three consultant interventional radiologists and two consultant vascular surgeons unaware of the treatment received or patient outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As was to be expected from the randomization process, patients in the two trial arms were well matched in terms of angiographic severity and extent of disease as documented by Bollinger and TASC II. In patients with the least overall disease, it tended to be concentrated in the superficial femoral and popliteal arteries, which were the commonest sites of disease overall. The below knee arteries became increasingly involved as the overall severity of disease increased, but the disease in the above knee arteries did not tend to worsen. The posterior tibial artery was the most diseased crural artery, whereas the peroneal appeared relatively spared. There was less interobserver disagreement with the Bollinger method than with the TASC II classification system, which also appears inherently less sensitive to clinically important differences in infrapopliteal disease among patients with severe leg ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anatomic (angiographic) disease description in patients with severe leg ischemia requires a reproducible scoring system that is sensitive to differences in crural artery disease. The Bollinger system appears well suited for this purpose, but the TASC II classification system less so. We hope this detailed analysis will facilitate appropriate generalization of the BASIL trial data to other groups of patients affected by similar anatomic (angiographic) patterns of disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, University of Birmingham, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Solihull Hospital, Lode Lane, Birmingham, UK. Andrew.Bradbury@btinternet.com
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Bradbury
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.forename: F Gerry R
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Fowkes
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: Charles Vaughan
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Ruckley
authors.forename: Gillian M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Raab
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality