Master plans for pedestrian and bicycle transportation: community characteristics.
BACKGROUND
Recent research demonstrates the importance of targeting the built environment to support individual physical activity, particularly for people experiencing health disparities. Master plans to promote biking and/or pedestrians (BPMPs) are a potential method for environmental change. This descriptive study aims to provide a snapshot of plan attributes and better understand demographic, social and transportation characteristics of communities with BPMPs.


METHODS
We collected a census sample of BPMPs from 4 states. Population and commuting data were obtained from national statistics.


RESULTS
294 master plans were included, with most plans representing municipalities. 62% of plans targeted biking only, one-fifth targeted biking and walking, and 15% targeted walking only. The sampled locations have a similar demographic profile as the overall U.S. for median age and household income, people of color, high school education, and income inequality. The degree of racial diversity of sampled communities is slightly less than the U.S. average and the percentage of people who walk to work were slightly higher.


CONCLUSIONS
Given that communities with master plans have a similar profile as the overall U.S., BPMPs could feasibly be spread to communities throughout the country. Further research is planned to describe BPMPs in detail toward informing future plan development.
Steinman
Lesley
L
Health Promotion Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Doescher
Mark
M
Levinger
David
D
Perry
Cynthia
C
Carter
Louise
L
Eyler
Amy
A
Aytur
Semra
S
Cradock
Angie L I
AL
Evenson
Kelly R
KR
Heinrich
Katie
K
Kerr
Jacqueline
J
Litt
Jill
J
Severcan
Yucel
Y
Voorhees
Carolyn
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001642:Bicycling; D002140:California; D002958:City Planning; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D006291:Health Policy; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008923:Missouri; D009043:Motor Activity; D009657:North Carolina; D011634:Public Health; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D040241:Social Marketing; D016138:Walking; D014861:Washington; D055815:Young Adult