title: [IL-6 and TNF-α gene expression in the rectal mucosal of patients with chronic idiopathic ulcerative colitis and controls].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been reported that pro-inflammatory cytokines levels like IL-6 and TNF-α can determine the degree of inflammation of ulcerative colitis (UC).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-á in patients with UC and controls and to correlate with histological activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 36 patients with UC, 13 healthy controls and 11 with inflammation. After total ribonucleic acid (RNA) extraction, complementary deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was synthesized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and relative expression was determined through real-time PCR for IL-6 and TNF-á. Statistical analysis was performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test and Spearman correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of IL-6 increases in patients with active UC compared to controls (p = 0.004) as well as UC patients in remission (p = 0.014). There was no significant difference between patients with active UC and controls with inflammation. (p = 0.446). Gene expression of TNF-α was higher in biopsies from patients with UC activity compred with control subjects (p = 0.004), as well as those in remission (p = 0.001). The expression of IL-6 correlated significantly (p = 0.02) with histological activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gene expression of IL-6 and TNF-α is increased in active UC. Interleukin 6 is better marker of bowel inflammation because its expression correlates with histological activity.
authors.affiliation: Clínica de Enfermedad Inflamatoria Intestinal, Departamento de Gastroenterología. Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D. F. gabrielafster@gmail.com
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fonseca-Camarillo
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Villeda-Ramírez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Muñoz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barreto-Zúñiga
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Domínguez-López
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uribe-Esquivel
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Yamamoto-Furusho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012007:Rectum / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha