title: Differential regulation of insulin-like growth factor-I receptor gene expression by wild type and mutant androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells.
abstract: The progression of prostate cancer from an organ-confined, androgen-sensitive disease to a metastatic one is associated with dysregulation of androgen receptor (AR)-regulated target genes and with a decrease in insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) expression. To investigate the differential effects of wild type (wt) and mutant AR on IGF-IR levels we employed a series of isogenic prostate-derived cell lines and human xenografts. We show that basal and phosphorylated IGF-IR levels progressively decreased as prostate cancer cells became more tumorigenic and metastatic. In addition, we show that wt, but not mutant, AR along with dihydrotestosterone treatment increased IGF-IR promoter activity and endogenous IGF-IR levels. ChIP analysis show enhanced AR binding to the IGF-IR promoter in AR-overexpressing cells. Finally, wt AR-overexpressing cells display an enhanced proliferation rate. In summary, we provide evidence that activated wt AR enhances IGF-IR transcription in prostate cancer cells via a mechanism that involves AR binding to the IGF-IR promoter. AR mutations alter the ability of the mutated protein to regulate IGF-IR expression. Our results suggest that prostate cancer progression is associated with a decrease in IGF-IR expression that could be the result of impaired ability of AR to stimulate IGF-IR gene expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
authors.forename: Hagit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schayek
authors.forename: Hila
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seti
authors.forename: Norman M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Shihua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Haim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Plymate
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002369:Castration; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: C410798:AR protein, human; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1