Preoperative detection of prostate cancer: a comparison with 11C-choline PET, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET and MR imaging.
OBJECTIVE
To compare (11)C-choline positron emission tomography (C-PET), (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET), and MR imaging in the preoperative detection of prostate cancer.


METHODS
C-PET, FDG-PET, and MR images were obtained in 43 consecutive patients with suspected prostate cancer, and prostate cancers were histopathologically confirmed in 26 patients. Unenhanced T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and gadolinium-enhanced MR images were obtained. C-PET and FDG-PET were conducted 1.5 and 60 minutes after injection of 5.5 and 5.0 MBq/kg tracers, respectively. A nuclear and a genitourinary radiologist retrospectively reviewed PET and MR images at random, respectively, and assigned a confidence level for the presence of prostate cancer using a four-point scale. Diagnostic performance was tested using the McNemar test and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.


RESULTS
The sensitivity was greater (P < 0.05) with MR (88%) and C-PET (73%) images than with FDG-PET images (31%). The accuracy was greater (P < 0.05) with MR images (88%) than with C-PET (67%) and FDG-PET (53%) images. The area-under-curve value with MR (0.90) was greater than those with C-PET (0.53) and FDG-PET (0.54) images (P < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
MR imaging should be primarily performed in the preoperative detection of prostate cancer. C-PET and FDG-PET did not improve the detection.
Watanabe
Haruo
H
Department of Radiology, Gifu University Hospital, Gifu, Japan.
Kanematsu
Masayuki
M
Kondo
Hiroshi
H
Kako
Nobuo
N
Yamamoto
Naoki
N
Yamada
Toru
T
Goshima
Satoshi
S
Hoshi
Hiroaki
H
Bae
Kyongtae T
KT
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002794:Choline; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D002794:Choline