Application of a firearm seizure law aimed at dangerous persons: outcomes from the first two years.
OBJECTIVE
In 2005, in response to the shooting death of a police officer by a paranoid man, Indiana passed a law authorizing police to seize firearms without a warrant if they believe the person owning the firearm is dangerous because the person has a mental illness and is noncompliant with psychiatric medication or if the person has a propensity for violent or unstable conduct. This study sought to determine the use of this law in Indianapolis.


METHODS
All Indianapolis firearm seizure cases that had a final hearing in 2006 and 2007 were identified; demographic information, seizure circumstances, and hearing outcome were recorded.


RESULTS
A total of 55 cases were heard in 2006, and 78 were heard in 2007. The defendants were predominantly white (83%) and male (81%). Risk of suicide was the leading reason for confiscation (56% in 2006 and 71% in 2007), followed by substance abuse (29% and 27%, respectively), risk of violence (22% and 13%, respectively), and domestic disturbance (24% and 8%, respectively). Psychosis was a factor in only 11% and 9% of cases, respectively. A large majority of cases resulted in immediate detention (69% and 78%, respectively). In 2006, 95% of cases resulted in involuntary or voluntary surrender of the seized weapons to the court, but in 2007, only 22% of cases resulted in involuntary or voluntary surrender. However, in 2007 68% of cases resulted in court-ordered retention because of failure to appear (26%) or inability to be served (42%).


CONCLUSIONS
Firearm seizure by police was rarely a result of psychosis; instead, risk of suicide was the leading reason. The application of the law by both police and the court changed over the first two years of its use.
Parker
George F
GF
Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1111 W. 10th St., Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. geoparke@iupui.edu
D000328:Adult; D003617:Dangerous Behavior; D005260:Female; D005389:Firearms / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007196:Indiana; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014754:Violence / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control