title: Vision-related quality of life Core Measure (VCM1) showed low-impact differential item functioning between groups with different administration modes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess psychometric quality of the vision-related quality of life core measure (VCM1) and feasibility in a community-based sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data were used from an observational study among visually impaired patients (n=296) and a community-based sample with low vision (n=98) from the Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. Calibration was performed within the graded response model on the patient sample, including item fit, differential item functioning (DIF), DIF impact, and psychometric information. DIF between both samples was investigated for assessing feasibility of the VCM1 in community-based studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All items fitted the model. There was no significant DIF within the patient sample, except between self-report and proxy report subgroups. The maximum difference in expected scores was -0.42. Item information was highest for item 4 "depression" and lowest for item 1 "embarrassment." Test information showed full coverage of the disability continuum. DIF was present between patient and community-based samples. However, DIF items had low impact on the expected test scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DIF that was found on single items between administration type subgroups and sample subgroups was negligible at the level of the expected test scores. This means that DIF had no substantial impact on the VCM1. Therefore, psychometric quality and feasibility of the VCM1 can be considered satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.vannispen@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Ruth M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: van Nispen
authors.forename: Dirk L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Knol
authors.forename: Lidwine B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Mokkink
authors.forename: Hannie C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Comijs
authors.forename: Dorly J H
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Deeg
authors.forename: Ger H M B
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: van Rens
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015354:Vision, Low / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*