title: Efficacy of tetrandrine on lowering intraocular pressure in animal model with ocular hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of topical tetrandrine (an alkaloid isolated from the Chinese medicinal herb Radix Stephania tetrandrae S) and timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution on lowering the intraocular pressure (IOP) in ocular normotensive and hypertensive rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The experiment was designed as 2 parts. In the first part, normal male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups followed by topical administration once of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% tetrandrine, and 0.5% timolol in the right eye, 0.9% saline was administered once at the opposite eye as control. In the second part, the ocular hypertension model was induced unilaterally in the rats by a diode laser treatment. Twice daily applications of the above drugs were delivered to hypertensive eyes. The control group was administered 0.9% saline. The TonoPen XL tonometer was used to determine the IOP levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No lowering effect on IOP was detected in the normotensive rats treated with tetrandrine whereas timolol significantly reduced IOP in normotensive eyes. Both tetrandrine and timolol significantly reduced the IOP levels in the hypertensive eyes compared with the levels in the saline-treated groups. All concentrations of tetrandrine used in this study showed significant reduction of IOP in the laser-induced hypertensive eyes. Tetrandrine 0.3% had a similar efficacy as 0.5% timolol in reducing elevated IOP in ocular hypertensive eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that tetrandrine has a major effect on lowering IOP levels in the ocular hypertension rat model. The functional mechanisms of tetrandrine require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Opthalmology, Peking University Eye Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yongsheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ruoxin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Haiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Samuel Shao-Min
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013999:Timolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C009438:tetrandrine; D013999:Timolol