title: High-cell-density batch fermentation of Rhodococcus opacus PD630 using a high glucose concentration for triacylglycerol production.
abstract: Biodiesel, monoalkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids with short-chain alcohols derived from triacylglycerols (TAGs), can be produced from renewable biomass sources. Recently, there has been interest in producing microbial oils from oleaginous microorganisms. Rhodococcus opacus PD630 is known to accumulate large amounts of TAGs. Following on these earlier works we demonstrate that R. opacus PD630 has the uncommon capacity to grow in defined media supplemented with glucose at a concentration of 300 g l(-1) during batch-culture fermentations. We found that we could significantly increase concentrations of both glucose and (NH4)2SO4 in the production medium resulting in a dramatic increase in fatty acid production when pH was controlled. We describe the experimental design protocol used to achieve the culture conditions necessary to obtain both high-cell-density and TAG accumulation; specifically, we describe the importance of the C/N ratio of the medium composition. Our bioprocess results demonstrate that R. opacus PD630 grown in batch-culture with an optimal production medium containing 240 g l(-1) glucose and 13.45 g l(-1) (NH4)2SO4 (C/N of 17.8) yields 77.6 g l(-1) of cell dry weight composed of approximately 38% TAGs indicating that this strain holds great potential as a future source of industrial biodiesel on starchy cellulosic feedstocks that are glucose polymers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boccazzi
authors.forename: Naomi M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: de Almeida
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Sinskey
mesh_terms: D000645:Ammonium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000494:pharmacology; D012240:Rhodococcus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen; D000645:Ammonium Sulfate