title: Evaluation of the performance of accommodating IOLs using a paraxial optics analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We employed an analytical approach to evaluate the key parameters for the potential design optimisation of accommodating intra-ocular lenses (AIOL) and to use these parameters to predict their accommodative performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraxial thin-lens equations to predict the accommodative performances of single-element (1E) and two-element (2E) AIOLs were developed. 2E-AIOLs with either mobile front or back lens elements were analysed as well as 1E-AIOL for their accommodative performance. A paraxial model including key ocular components (corneal surfaces, pupil and retina) as well as AIOL was used to evaluate the key control parameters and optimal design configurations. A range of variants of the model, representing varying powers of front and back optical elements and with either front or back optical element mobile was tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optimal accommodative performance of 2E-AIOL is governed by the power combinations of its optical elements; design variants with higher positive front element power produced greater accommodative efficacy, while mobility of the front element contributed more to the accommodative performance than the back element. The performance of 1E-AIOL is primarily governed by the power of the AIOL; the higher the AIOL power, the better the accommodative performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From an accommodative performance standpoint, the optimal design of 2E-AIOL should comprise a high plus power front element. Considering the maximum potential amounts of element translation available clinically, 2E-AIOLs are predicted to offer higher accommodative performance compared to 1E-AIOL.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Eye Research, University of New South Wales, Barker Street, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. J.ale@ier.org.au
authors.forename: Jit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ale
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manns
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008433:Mathematics; D008954:Models, Biological; D055095:Optics and Photonics