Efficacy of enrofloxacin in the treatment of naturally occurring acute clinical Escherichia coli mastitis.
The efficacy of the combination of systemic enrofloxacin (5mg/kg twice with a 24-h interval, first dose i.v., second dose s.c.) and the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agent ketoprofen (3mg/kg i.m. or 4 mg/kg per os daily for 1 to 3 d) treatment was compared with antiinflammatory treatment only in dairy cows with naturally occurring acute clinical Escherichia coli mastitis. A total of 132 cows with acute clinical mastitis and with confirmed growth of E. coli in a pretreatment milk sample were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 treatment groups. Response to treatment was evaluated clinically and by bacteriological culturing and determination of N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activity on d 2 and 21 posttreatment. Enrofloxacin treatment did not increase bacteriological (90.5% of treated vs. 86.8% of nontreated cured) or clinical cure (46.7% of treated vs. 57.1% of nontreated cured), cow survival (95.3% of treated vs. 92.7% of nontreated), or quarter milk production assessed 21 d posttreatment (21.8 vs. 29.3% return to preinfection level for nontreated cows), nor did it decrease mammary gland tissue damage estimated using determination of milk NAGase activity (24.0+/-0.3 vs. 18.3+/-1.3 pmol of 4-methylumbelliferone per min per microL for nontreated cows). Treatment did not influence the number of study cows remaining in the herd after 6 mo (71.9% of treated vs. 80.6% of nontreated). The only significant effects of enrofloxacin were enhancing the bacteriological cure (odds ratio=3.32 for treated cows) and decreasing the clinical cure (odds ratio=0.05 for treated cows) on d 2 posttreatment. Our results did not support the use of enrofloxacin to treat acute clinical E. coli mastitis.
Suojala
L
L
Department of Production Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Paroninkuja 20, FI-04920 Saarentaus, Finland. leena.suojala@fimnet.fi
Simojoki
H
H
Mustonen
K
K
Kaartinen
L
L
Pyörälä
S
S
D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007660:Ketoprofen / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008414:Mastitis, Bovine / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008892:Milk / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D007660:Ketoprofen; D000118:Acetylglucosaminidase