title: Empyema necessitans and acute osteomyelitis associated with community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in an infant.
abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a well recognized pathogen with global distribution. In recent years community-associated, methicillin-resistant S. aureus has emerged as an increasing cause of severe infections among adults and children. Herein, a case is reported of a previously healthy, 19-month-old male, who presented with empyema necessitans and acute osteomyelitis due to a community-associated, methicillin-resistant, S. aureus strain. This report highlights the evolving epidemiology of S. aureus, as important pathogen in the community as well as the hospital setting, and the importance of establishing appropriate guidelines for diagnosis, management and surveillance of this public health problem.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatrics Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Germán A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Contreras
authors.forename: Norma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Cleary
authors.forename: Gloria P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Heresi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005268:Femoral Vein; D005269:Femur / Q000382:microbiology*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D011152:Popliteal Vein; D011859:Radiography; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D002981:Clindamycin; D014640:Vancomycin; D002443:Ceftriaxone