title: Reliability and validity of the TGMD-2 in primary-school-age children with visual impairments.
abstract: This study examines the psychometric properties of the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) in children with visual impairments (VI). Seventy-five children aged between 6 and 12 years with VI completed the TGMD-2 and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (Movement ABC). The internal consistency of the TGMD-2 was found to be high (alpha = 0.71-0.72) and the interrater, intrarater, and test-retest reliability acceptable (ICCs ranging from 0.82 to 0.95). The results of the factor analysis supported internal test structure and significant age and sex effects were observed. Finally, the scores on the object control subtest of the TGMD-2 and the ball skills subtest of the Movement ABC correlated moderately to high (r = 0.45 to r = 0.80). Based on the current results, it is concluded that the TGMD-2 is an appropriate tool to assess the gross motor skills of primary-school-age children with VI.
authors.affiliation: Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Houwen
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jonker
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Visscher
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*