[Radiochemotherapy for locally advanced anal cancer].
Standard treatment for anal canal cancer is definitive radiochemotherapy (RCT) with 5-fluorouracil plus mitomycin C. Induction chemotherapy, maintenance chemotherapy and replacing mitomycin C with cisplatin proved not to be feasible in phase III trials. New substances such as capecitabine and oxaliplatin have been tested in phase II trials. Because anal cancer overexpresses the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and a KRAS wild type is usually present, treatment with the EGFR antibody cetuximab is potentially interesting. Phase I trials have shown that the combination with RCT is practicable; however, phase II trials have not yet been carried out.
Rödel
Claus
C
Klinik für Strahlentherapie und Onkologie, Universität Frankfurt am Main, Deutschland. Claus.Roedel@kgu.de
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D000068818:Cetuximab; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016685:Mitomycin; C512478:EGFR protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins; D000068818:Cetuximab; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil