title: Localisation of cognitive tasks used in EEG-based BCIs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide candidate electrode sites and neurophysiological reference information for cognitive tasks used in brain-computer interfacing research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six cognitive tasks were tested against the idle state. Data representing the idle state were collected with active cognitive task data during each recording session. Cross subject candidate electrode sites were obtained via a wrapper method based upon a sequential forward floating search algorithm. Source localisation results were obtained using sLORETA software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spatial feature distributions and localisation results are presented. Primary centres of activity for motor imagery tasks are localised to the pre- and postcentral gyrus. Auditory-based tasks show activity in the middle temporal gyrus. Calculation activity was localised to the left inferior frontal gyrus and right supramarginal gyrus. Navigation imagery produced activity in the precuneus and anterior cingulate cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spatial areas of activation suggest that arithmetic and auditory tasks show promise for pairwise discrimination based on single recording sites. sLORETA significance levels suggest that motor imagery tasks will show greatest discrimination from baseline EEG activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to provide candidate electrode sites for multiple tasks used in brain-computer interfacing.
authors.affiliation: BCI Group, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, UK. Electronic address: mdyson@essex.ac.uk.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dyson
authors.affiliation: BCI Group, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sepulveda
authors.affiliation: BCI Group, School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, Colchester, UK.
authors.forename: J Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Gan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D004566:Electrodes; D004569:Electroencephalography; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D055815:Young Adult