People with impaired glucose tolerance and impaired fasting glucose are similarly susceptible to cardiovascular disease: a study in first-degree relatives of type 2 diabetic patients.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors between subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and those with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in the first-degree relatives (FDR) of type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study, conducted between 2004 and 2006 in 1,893 (1,412 females and 481 males) FDR of type 2 diabetic outpatients of the Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center. In all participants, blood pressure, weight, height, waist circumference, serum lipids and HbA1c were measured and a standard 75-g 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test was performed. The diagnosis of IGT, IFG and diabetes was made according to American Diabetes Association criteria.


RESULTS
Isolated IGT and isolated IFG, and both IFG and IGT were observed in 8.8%, 17.4% and 11.2% of subjects, respectively. In comparison to subjects with normal glucose levels and tolerance (control group): the mean waist circumference was significantly higher in both IFG and IGT groups; BMI, HDL-c and LDL-c in the IFG group; and triglycerides in the IGT group. The means of all studied CVD risk factors were significantly higher in the IGT+IFG group than the control group, except for blood pressure, HDL-c and HbA1c. No significant differences were found regarding CVD risk factors between IFG and IGT groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of IFG and IGT is high in FDR of type 2 diabetic patients. CVD risk factors are similar in these 2 groups and higher than in the control group. More attention should be paid to screening and treatment of this high-risk population.
Amini
Massoud
M
Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Horri
Negar
N
Zare
Maryam
M
Haghighi
Sassan
S
Hosseini
Seyed Mohsen
SM
Aminorroaya
Ashraf
A
Hovsepian
Silva
S
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids