Caenorhabditis elegans as a model for stem cell biology.
We review the application of Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system to understand key aspects of stem cell biology. The only bona fide stem cells in C. elegans are those of the germline, which serves as a valuable paradigm for understanding how stem-cell niches influence maintenance and differentiation of stem cells and how somatic differentiation is repressed during germline development. Somatic cells that share stem cell-like characteristics also provide insights into principles in stem-cell biology. The epidermal seam cell lineages lend clues to conserved mechanisms of self-renewal and expansion divisions. Principles of developmental plasticity and reprogramming relevant to stem-cell biology arise from studies of natural transdifferentiation and from analysis of early embryonic progenitors, which undergo a dramatic transition from a pluripotent, reprogrammable condition to a state of committed differentiation. The relevance of these developmental processes to our understanding of stem-cell biology in other organisms is discussed.
Joshi
Pradeep M
PM
Neuroscience Research Institute, Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA.
Riddle
Misty R
MR
Djabrayan
Nareg J V
NJ
Rothman
Joel H
JH
D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D019070:Cell Lineage; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000166:cytology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*