title: Paradoxical association of C-reactive protein with endothelial function in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Within the general population, levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) are positively associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether CRP is causally implicated in atherogenesis or is the results of atherosclerosis is disputed. A role of CRP to protect endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO) has been suggested. We examined the association of CRP with EDNO-dependent vasomotor function and subclinical measures of atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis in patients with raised CRP resulting from rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with RA (n = 59) and healthy control subjects (n = 123), underwent measures of high sensitivity CRP, flow-mediated dilation (FMD, dependent on EDNO), intima-media thickness (IMT, a measure of subclinical atherosclerosis) and aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV, a measure of arteriosclerosis). IMT and PWV were elevated in patients with RA compared to controls but FMD was similar in the two groups. In patients with RA, IMT and PWV were not correlated with CRP but FMD was positively independently correlated with CRP (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings argue against a causal role of CRP in atherogenesis and are consistent with a protective effect of CRP on EDNO bioavailability.
authors.affiliation: King's College London, British Heart Foundation Centre, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Benyu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Oakley
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kirkham
authors.forename: Phil J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Chowienczyk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001161:Arteriosclerosis; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D050197:Atherosclerosis; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020011:Protective Agents; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D020011:Protective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002097:C-Reactive Protein