title: Effect of mineral trioxide aggregates and Portland cements on inflammatory cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, some studies have compared mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with Portland cements, concluding that the principal ingredients of Portland cements are similar to those of MTA. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of gray MTA, white MTA, and gray and white Portland cements on inflammatory cells in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh mixtures mixed with distilled water were placed in polyethylene tubes, which were implanted in the dorsal subcutaneous connective tissue of 60 Sprague-Dawley rats along with empty tubes as controls. Tissue specimens were collected after the rats were sacrificed after 7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days. The specimens were fixed, stained, processed, and histologically evaluated under a light microscope. Inflammatory reactions were classified as grade 0: without inflammatory cells, grade I: sporadic infiltration of inflammatory cells, grade II: moderate infiltration (<25 cells), grade III: dense and severe infiltration (25-125 cells), and grade IV: very dense and severe infiltration (>125 cells). Data were analyzed with the nonparametric (two factor) analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis H-test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the groups showed grade III inflammation after 7 and 15 days; there was a decrease in the inflammatory process after 30, 60, and 90 days. After 90 days, gray MTA, white MTA, and control groups had grade 0 inflammatory process, but gray Portland cement and white Portland cement groups showed grade 0 to grade I inflammatory processes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTAs were more biocompatible; however, more studies are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahriar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shahi
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahimi
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Yavari
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mokhtari
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roshangar
authors.forename: Mehran Mesgary
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abasi
authors.forename: Sahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sattari
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdolrahimi
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000633:toxicity*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C472247:accelerated Portland cement; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate