title: Polyphenols and antioxidant activity of calafate ( Berberis microphylla ) fruits and other native berries from Southern Chile.
abstract: Calafate ( Berberis microphylla ) is a native berry grown in the Patagonian area of Chile and Argentina. In the present study the phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of its fruits were studied and also compared with data obtained for other berry fruits from southern Chile including maqui ( Aristotelia chilensis ) and murtilla ( Ugni molinae ). Polyphenolic compounds in calafate fruit were essentially present in glycosylated form, 3-glucoside conjugates being the most abundant anthocyanins. The anthocyanin content in calafate berries (17.81 +/- 0.98 micromol g(-1)) and flavonol level (0.16 +/- 0.01 micromol g(-1)) are comparable with those found in maqui (17.88 +/- 1.15 and 0.12 +/- 0.01 micromol g(-1), respectively); however, maqui shows lower flavan-3-ol concentration than calafate (0.11 +/- 0.01 and 0.24 +/- 0.03 micromol g(-1), respectively). Maqui and calafate show high antioxidant activity, which correlates highly with total polyphenol content and with anthocyanin concentration.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análisis Instrumental, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160 C, Concepcion, Chile.
authors.forename: Antonieta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Isidro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hermosín-Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mardones
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vergara
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herlitz
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.forename: Carolin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dorau
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Winterhalter
authors.forename: Dietrich
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: von Baer
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D028142:Berberis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002677:Chile; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D045467:Elaeocarpaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis*; D044948:Flavonols / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D059808:Polyphenols; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D005960:Glucosides; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D001205:Ascorbic Acid