title: Angiotensin I-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and increased risk of gall bladder cancer in women.
abstract: Gall bladder cancer (GBC) is a relatively rare but highly fatal disease, particularly in North India. The angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism influences serum angiotensin II action, which has been associated with various malignancies. This population-based case-control study was undertaken to examine the potential association of ACE I/D variation with GBC in a North Indian population. Genotypes and allelic frequencies of the ACE I/D polymorphism (rs4646994) were determined for 233 GBC patients and 260 cancer-free controls randomly selected from the population using polymerase chain reaction. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval were calculated in multivariate logistic regression analysis for the association of ACE polymorphism with GBC. The ACE I/D polymorphism was found to be nonsignificantly associated with an overall increased risk of GBC (OR = 1.04 and 1.38 for I/D and D/D genotypes, respectively; p(trend) = 0.375). The increased risk was predominant significantly in female cohort and nonsignificantly in GBC patients with gallstone status (OR = 1.63; p = 0.039 and OR = 1.37; p = 0.187, respectively). In summary, ACE I/D polymorphism may alter the susceptibility to GBC, especially in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Kshitij
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Anvesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Balraj
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A