Biomechanical and bone histomorphologic evaluation of four surfaces on plateau root form implants: an experimental study in dogs.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the early bone response to plateau root form dental implants with 4 different surface treatments.


METHODS
Surface treatments comprised (n = 12 each): as-machined (M), alumina-blasted/acid-etched (AB/AE), alumina-blasted/acid-etched + nanothickness bioceramic coating (Nano), and plasma-sprayed calcium phosphate (PSCaP). Implants were placed in the radius diaphyses of 12 beagle dogs, remaining in vivo for 3 and 5 weeks. After euthanasia, the implants were subjected to torque to interface fracture and subsequently nondecalcified for histomorphology. Statistical analysis was performed by a GLM analysis of variance model at 5% significance level.


RESULTS
Torque to interface fracture was significantly greater for the PSCaP group than for other groups (P < .001). Histomorphologic analysis showed woven bone formation around all implant surfaces at 3 weeks, and its replacement by lamellar bone at 5 weeks. Time in vivo did not affect torque measures.


CONCLUSIONS
The PSCaP surface increased the early bone biomechanical fixation of plateau root form implants.
Coelho
Paulo G
PG
Department of Biomaterials and Biomimetics, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Granato
Rodrigo
R
Marin
Charles
C
Bonfante
Estevam A
EA
Janal
Malvin N
MN
Suzuki
Marcelo
M
D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000497:Alloys; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010027:Osteotomy; D011884:Radius / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D019415:Torque
D000497:Alloys; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003722:Dental Alloys; D015921:Dental Implants; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide