title: Digital and manual cephalometric analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the manual and digital cephalometric analyses and to research a new procedure of analog cephalogram digitalization.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 repeated measurements were used to evaluate the reproducibility and reliability of both methods. The analog x-ray was CHIRALUX2, the digital camera used was Canon PowerShot G5 and the digital tracing was done by Dolphin imaging version 10. The sample dispersion has been evaluated for each of the monitored cephalometric variables (SNA, SNB, ANB, PP/ML, inter-incisal angle and Wits). The difference of sample dispersion was tested (Morgan-Pitman). Four doctors processed 100 random analog cephalograms in total and evaluated them in a way established by Bland and Altman.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Validity and reproducibility of analyses carried out manually and digitally is in high mutual correlation and therefore the software analysis can fully substitute the manual method. The dispersion of values in repeated measurements was higher in manual method and therefore we consider the digital method more accurate (Fig. 4, Tab. 1, Ref. 15). Full Text (Free, PDF) www.bmj.sk.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery of Medical Faculty, Comenius University and St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia. Thurzo@bsm.sk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thurzo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Javorka
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stanko
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lysy
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Suchancova
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lehotska
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valkovic
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makovnik
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D009970:Orthodontics; D010781:Photography; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software