Pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation.
Advances have been made in defining the mechanisms for the control of allergic airway inflammation in response to inhaled antigens. Several genes, including ADAM33, DPP10, PHF11, GPRA, TIM-1, PDE4D, OPN3, and ORMDL3, have been implicated in the pathogenesis and susceptibility to atopy and asthma. Growing evidence associates asthma with a systemic propensity for allergic T-helper type 2 cytokines. Disordered coagulation and fibrinolysis also exacerbate asthma symptoms. Balance among functionally distinct dendritic cell subsets contributes to the outcome of T-cell-mediated immunity. Allergen-specific T-regulatory cells play a pivotal role in the development of tolerance to allergens and immune suppression. The major emphasis on immunotherapy for asthma during the past decade has been to direct the immune response to a type 1 response, or immune tolerance. In this review, we discuss the current information on the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation and potential immunotherapy, which could be beneficial in the treatment of airway inflammation, allergy, and asthma.
Agrawal
Devendra K
DK
Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Creighton University School of Medicine, CRISS II, Room 510, Omaha, NE 68178, USA. dkagr@creighton.edu
Shao
Zhifei
Z
D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000276:immunology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology*; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology
D000485:Allergens; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007378:Interleukins