title: Ritual genital cutting of female minors.
abstract: The traditional custom of ritual cutting and alteration of the genitalia of female infants, children, and adolescents, referred to as female genital mutilation or female genital cutting (FGC), persists primarily in Africa and among certain communities in the Middle East and Asia. Immigrants in the United States from areas in which FGC is common may have daughters who have undergone a ritual genital procedure or may request that such a procedure be performed by a physician. The American Academy of Pediatrics believes that pediatricians and pediatric surgical specialists should be aware that this practice has life-threatening health risks for children and women. The American Academy of Pediatrics opposes all types of female genital cutting that pose risks of physical or psychological harm, counsels its members not to perform such procedures, recommends that its members actively seek to dissuade families from carrying out harmful forms of FGC, and urges its members to provide patients and their parents with compassionate education about the harms of FGC while remaining sensitive to the cultural and religious reasons that motivate parents to seek this procedure for their daughters.
authors.forename: Dena S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002562:Ceremonial Behavior; D002648:Child; D019093:Circumcision, Female / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification / Q000941:ethics*; D054242:Emigrants and Immigrants; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000209:etiology; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors