title: Establishment of a new Glivec-resistant chronic myeloid leukemia cell line, SNUCML-02, using an in vivo model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we report a newly established chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cell line, SNUCML-02, which is resistant to imatinib and describe its biological characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mononuclear cells were obtained from the bone marrow of a CML patient in blast crisis and were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium/F12 containing 20% fetal bovine serum. After 2 months of primary culture, these cells were injected into nonobese diabetic/severe combined immune-deficient mice via tail vein. Eight weeks after injection, mice were sacrificed and ex vivo culture was performed from the bone marrow cells isolated from the mice. The established cell line was named as SNUCML-02 and the biological features were characterized by cytogenetic analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, sequencing analysis, cell proliferation assay, and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytogenetic studies using conventional G-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization of SNUCML-02 demonstrated classical Philadelphia chromosome, (9;22)(q34;q11.2), and other abnormalities, such as add(11)(q23), +19 and +der(9;22). SNUCML-02 has the same BCR-ABL fusion transcript as was seen in K562 cells, but has no mutations in the ABL kinase domain. SNUCML-02 was more resistant to imatinib (STI571, Gleevec, Glivec) than other CML cell lines (K562, Kcl22, and BV173). SNUCML-02 has constitutive activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. In addition, interleukin-3 induced c-ABL phosphorylation and constitutively enhanced extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation was not inhibited by imatinib in SNUCML-02.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SNUCML-02 is a new established cell line with a relatively high level of resistance to imatinib, which is useful for investigating the pathogenesis of CML progression, and will be useful in developing optimal therapeutic strategies for this ailment.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Juwon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung Im
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Youngil
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Nam-Hee
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Jung Mi
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Dong Soon
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byoung Kook
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang-Sung
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Sung-Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001549:Benzamides; D001752:Blast Crisis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D020014:K562 Cells; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008875:Middle Aged; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases