title: Long-term nutrition education reduces several risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus in Brazilians with impaired glucose tolerance.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a nutrition education program (NEP) on anthropometric, dietetic, and metabolic parameters in high-risk subjects for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fifty-one participants, both sexes, were randomly assigned to either the control (58.8%) or the intervention (NEP) group. The intervention group received frequent individual and group nutritional counseling from a team of nutritionists. Participants were assessed at baseline (M0) and after 12 months (M1) for anthropometric, dietetic, and metabolic parameters. The hypothesis was that high-risk subjects for type 2 diabetes mellitus participating in NEP would show an improvement in these parameters. At M1, the intervention group showed a significant decline in body weight (-3.4%), body mass index (-5.7%), cholesterol intake (-49.5%), fasting glycemia (-14.0%), fasting insulin (-9.0%), postprandial glycemia (-21.0%), postprandial insulin (-71.0%), total serum cholesterol (-23.0%), and glycated hemoglobin (-24.0%). A decrease in energy intake (5%, P = .06) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (25%, P = .07) was observed in the interventional group, although it did not reach statistical significance. In contrast, the control group presented a significantly higher energy intake (19%, P = .04) and a nonsignificant increase in consumption of all macronutrients. The long-term NEP was found to improve anthropometric, dietary, and metabolic parameters in high-risk subjects for type 2 diabetes mellitus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo/SP, Brazil. gpimentel@unifesp.br
authors.forename: Gustavo D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Pimentel
authors.forename: Kátia C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Portero-McLellan
authors.forename: Erick P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Ana P M
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Spada
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oshiiwa
authors.forename: Juliane C S
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zemdegs
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Barbalho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003376:Counseling; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000178:diet therapy; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin