title: Compensatory enlargement of the liver after treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma with carbon ion radiotherapy - relation to prognosis and liver function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether liver volume changes affect prognosis and hepatic function in patients treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 1995 and March 2003, among the cases treated with CIRT, 43 patients with HCC limited to the right hepatic lobe were considered eligible for the study. The left lateral segment was defined as the non-irradiated region. Liver volume was measured using contrast CT at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months after CIRT. We examined serum albumin, prothrombin activity, and total bilirubin level as hepatic functional reserve.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After CIRT, the non-irradiated region showed significant enlargement, and enlarged volume of this region 3 months after CIRT 50 cm(3) was a prognostic factor. The 5-year overall survival rates were 48.9% in the larger enlargement group (enlarged volume of non-irradiated region 3 months after CIRT > or =50 cm(3)) and 29.4% in the smaller enlargement group (as above, <50 cm(3)). The larger enlargement group showed better hepatic functional reserve than the smaller enlargement group 12 months after CIRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that compensatory enlargement in the non-irradiated liver after CIRT contributes to the improvement of prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Charged Particle Therapy, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Inage-ku, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imada
authors.forename: Hirotoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yanagi
authors.forename: Ryusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Riwa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kandatsu
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minohara
authors.forename: Jun-etsu
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mizoe
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yokosuka
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujii
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002244:Carbon / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy / Q000150:complications; D007477:Ions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D007477:Ions; D002244:Carbon