title: Kisspeptin is released from human prostate cancer cell lines but plasma kisspeptin is not elevated in patients with prostate cancer.
abstract: Kisspeptin, the product of the KiSS-1 gene, inhibits metastasis and stimulates the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Kisspeptin is therefore a putative target in the treatment of hormone-sensitive malignancies. Prostatic carcinoma remains a significant cause of mortality despite improvements in therapy. The role of kisspeptin in prostatic carcinoma remains undefined. We therefore aimed to investigate release of kisspeptin by prostatic cancer cell lines; investigate expression of KiSS-1 in human prostate tissue; investigate whether patients with prostate carcinoma have elevated plasma kisspeptin. 1) Culture medium from prostatic carcinoma cell lines LNCaP, DU145 and PC3 was assayed for kisspeptin immunoreactivity (-IR). Kisspeptin-IR release was detectable from all three cell lines. The effect of hydroxyflutamide, gefitinib and resveratrol on kisspeptin-IR release from these cell lines was also investigated. No effect of the drugs tested on release of kisspeptin-IR was observed. 2) Expression of KiSS-1 in human prostate tissue (n=4) was investigated using in situ hybridisation. Expression of KiSS-1 was detected in human prostate tissue. 3) Plasma kisspeptin-IR was compared in 92 patients with prostatic carcinoma and 73 male controls. Kisspeptin-IR was not detected in the plasma of either patients with prostate cancer or control patients. We have therefore shown for the first time the release of kisspeptin-IR by prostatic carcinoma cell lines. We have also shown that KiSS-1 is expressed in human prostate tissue, and that circulating levels of kisspeptin-IR are not elevated in patients with prostatic carcinoma. Further work is required to determine the role of kisspeptin in the prostate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK.
authors.forename: Annette E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Kevin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Owais B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Chaudhri
authors.forename: Radha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.forename: Anna-Mary
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waxman
authors.forename: Gurjinder M K
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Nijher
authors.forename: Gavin A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bewick
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghatei
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bloom
authors.forename: Waljit S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Dhillo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D059648:Kisspeptins; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016372:RNA, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C106628:KISS1 protein, human; D059648:Kisspeptins; D016372:RNA, Antisense; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins