title: [Etiology of hand, foot and mouth disease in Guangzhou in 2008].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the etiology of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in Guangzhou area in 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 1023 clinical specimens were collected from pediatric patients suspected of HFMD in 2008. TaqMan real-time RT-PCR were used for detection of enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16) and other enteroviruses. The specimens which were enterovirus positive by RT-PCR method with universal primer but EV71 and CA16 negative, were amplified and sequenced for 5'untranslated region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enterovirus was identified from 434 of 1023 samples and detection rate of enterovirus was 42.42%; of the 434 samples, 276 were positive for EV71 (63.6%), 126 for CA16 (29%), 4 samples for enterovirus 84, 3 for Echovirus 11, 2 for Echovirus 9, 3 for Coxsackievirus B3, 4 for Coxsackievirus A10, 3 for Coxsackievirus A6, 6 for Coxsackievirus A12 or A5, and for 7 samples typing was difficult.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The major causative agents of HFMD in Guangzhou were EV71 and CA16 in 2008, and EV84, CA10, CA12, CA6, COSB3, ECHV11, ECHV9 were also the pathogens for smaller proportions of patients.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Guangzhou Woman and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jia-yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Hui-min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Si-tang
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Mi-si
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jia-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ying-ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Guang-wan
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Lian
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D017931:DNA Primers; D029821:Enterovirus A, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D006232:Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D012367:RNA, Viral