Children's beliefs toward cooperative playing with peers with disabilities in physical education.
Theory of Planned Behavior (Ajzen, 1991) was used to elicit salient behavioral, normative, and control beliefs of children without disabilities toward playing with a hypothetical peer with a disability in general physical education. Participants were 350 elementary and middle school students who completed two questionnaires. Questionnaires were assessed for content validity. Participants provided more affective (68%) than instrumental (32%) responses for favorable behavioral beliefs and more instrumental (76%) than affective (24%) responses for unfavorable beliefs. Peer social pressure was prevalent in favorable (69%) and unfavorable (99%) responses. Social pressure significantly varied across five grades, chi-squared(4, N = 448) = 40.51, p < .01. Participants responded many factors in the class would positively (76%) or negatively (89%) influence the behavior.
Obrusnikova
Iva
I
Health, Nutrition, and Exercise Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, USA.
Block
Martin
M
Dillon
Suzanna
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001290:Attitude; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008282:Mainstreaming, Education / Q000458:organization & administration; D008297:Male; D010379:Peer Group; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010988:Play and Playthings / Q000523:psychology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012938:Social Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires