Plasmacytoid dendritic cells delineate immunogenicity of influenza vaccine subtypes.
A variety of different vaccine types are available for H1N1 influenza A virus infections; however, their immunological mechanisms of action remain unclear. Here, we show that plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and type I interferon (IFN)-mediated signaling delineate the immunogenicity of live attenuated virus, inactivated whole-virus (WV), and split-virus vaccines. Although Toll-like receptor 7 acted as the adjuvant receptor for the immunogenicity of both live virus and WV vaccines, the requirement for type I IFN production by pDCs for the immunogenicity of the vaccines was restricted to WV. A split vaccine commonly used in humans failed to immunize naïve mice, but a pDC-activating adjuvant could restore immunogenicity. In blood from human adults, however, split vaccine alone could recall memory T cell responses, underscoring the importance of this adjuvant pathway for primary, but not secondary, vaccination.
Koyama
Shohei
S
Laboratory of Host Defense, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
Aoshi
Taiki
T
Tanimoto
Takeshi
T
Kumagai
Yutaro
Y
Kobiyama
Kouji
K
Tougan
Takahiro
T
Sakurai
Kazuo
K
Coban
Cevayir
C
Horii
Toshihiro
T
Akira
Shizuo
S
Ishii
Ken J
KJ
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008875:Middle Aged; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7 / Q000276:immunology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology
D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated