title: Association of fetal inflammation and coagulation pathway gene polymorphisms with neurodevelopmental delay at age 2 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between fetal inflammation and coagulation gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and neurodevelopmental delay at age 2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case-controlled secondary analysis of a randomized trial of single- vs multiple-course corticosteroids. Multiplex assay assessed 46 SNPs. Cases had mental developmental and/or psychomotor delay at age 2 years. Control subjects had normal neurodevelopment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred twenty-five cases and 147 control subjects were analyzed. Allele frequencies were different between cases and control subjects for interleukin (IL)1beta-511 (P = .009), IL4R-148 (P = .03), IL6-174 (P = .02), and IL6-176 (P = .007). Genotype frequencies were different for IL1beta-511 (P = .03) and IL6-174 (P = .04). Results for IL1beta-511, IL4R-148, and IL6-176 remained significant after logistic regression analysis. IL1beta-511 and IL6-176 minor alleles were associated with increased risk of neurodevelopmental delay (odds ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-8.2 and 2.2; 95% CI, 1.2-3.9, respectively). IL4R-148 minor allele was protective (odds ratio, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.4-0.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal SNPs in IL1beta, IL-4R, and IL-6 may be associated with neurodevelopmental delay at age 2 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA. erin.clark@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: Erin A S
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wapner
authors.forename: Catherine Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Spong
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sorokin
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peaceman
authors.forename: Jay D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Iams
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Leveno
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Steve N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Caritis
authors.forename: Menachem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miodovnik
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thorp
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ramin
authors.forename: Marshall
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Dwight J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rouse
mesh_terms: D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D004247:DNA