title: Novel SHP-1 inhibitors tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor-1 and analogs with preclinical anti-tumor activities as tolerated oral agents.
abstract: Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase 1 (SHP-1) has been implicated as a potential cancer therapeutic target by its negative regulation of immune cell activation and the activity of the SHP-1 inhibitor sodium stibogluconate that induced IFN-gamma(+) cells for anti-tumor action. To develop more potent SHP-1-targeted anti-cancer agents, inhibitory leads were identified from a library of 34,000 drug-like compounds. Among the leads and active at low nM for recombinant SHP-1, tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor-1 (TPI-1) selectively increased SHP-1 phospho-substrates (pLck-pY394, pZap70, and pSlp76) in Jurkat T cells but had little effects on pERK1/2 or pLck-pY505 regulated by phosphatases SHP-2 or CD45, respectively. TPI-1 induced mouse splenic-IFN-gamma(+) cells in vitro, approximately 58-fold more effective than sodium stibogluconate, and increased mouse splenic-pLck-pY394 and -IFN-gamma(+) cells in vivo. TPI-1 also induced IFN-gamma(+) cells in human peripheral blood in vitro. Significantly, TPI-1 inhibited ( approximately 83%, p < 0.002) the growth of B16 melanoma tumors in mice at a tolerated oral dose in a T cell-dependent manner but had little effects on B16 cell growth in culture. TPI-1 also inhibited B16 tumor growth and prolonged tumor mice survival as a tolerated s.c. agent. TPI-1 analogs were identified with improved activities in IFN-gamma(+) cell induction and in anti-tumor actions. In particular, analog TPI-1a4 as a tolerated oral agent completely inhibited the growth of K1735 melanoma tumors and was more effective than the parental lead against MC-26 colon cancer tumors in mice. These results designate TPI-1 and the analogs as novel SHP-1 inhibitors with anti-tumor activity likely via an immune mechanism, supporting SHP-1 as a novel target for cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Suman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kundu
authors.forename: Keke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Mingli
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: Zhizhaung Joe
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ernest
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borden
authors.forename: Taolin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6