title: Hereditary inclusion body myopathy: single patient response to GNE gene Lipoplex therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hereditary inclusion body myopathy (HIBM) is an autosomal recessive adult onset myopathy. It is characterized by mutations of the GNE (UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase/N-acetylmannosamine kinase) gene. Afflicted patients have no therapeutic options. In preclinical testing, we have previously demonstrated the ability to correct GNE gene function and the safety of delivery of wild type GNE gene using a liposomal delivery vehicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single patient (subject #001) with severe HIBM treated by compassionate investigational new drug received four doses of GNE gene Lipoplex via intramuscular injection. GNE transgene expression, downstream induction of sialic acid, safety and muscle function were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant durable improvement in locoregional skeletal muscle function was observed in the injected left extensor carpi radialis longus of #001 in correlation with GNE transgene upregulation and local induction of sialic acid. Other than transient low grade fever and pain at the injection site, no significant toxicity was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proof of principle for manufacturing of 'clinical grade' GNE gene Lipoplex, clinical safety and activity are demonstrated with GNE gene Lipoplex. Further assessment will involve intravenous administration and subsequent phase I trial involving additional but less severely afflicted HIBM patients.
authors.affiliation: Mary Crowley Cancer Research Centers, 1700 Pacific, Dallas, TX 75201, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nemunaitis
authors.forename: Phillip B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Maples
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jay
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gahl
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huizing
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poling
authors.forename: Alex W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Anagha P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Phadke
authors.forename: Beena O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Pappen
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bedell
authors.forename: Nancy S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Templeton
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Senzer
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nemunaitis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053580:Muscle Strength; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018979:Myositis, Inclusion Body / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C482901:UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 2-epimerase - N-acetylmannosamine kinase; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid