title: Enucleation for retinoblastoma: the experience of a single center in Jordan.
abstract: Despite multiple advances in the management of retinoblastoma, enucleation remains an essential therapeutic modality. We studied patients who underwent enucleation at the King Hussein Cancer Center in Jordan. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of children with retinoblastoma who were treated at our center from June 2002 to February 2008. Twenty-eight eyes from 27 patients were enucleated. Median age at diagnosis was 1.1 years (range, 0.3-6.3 years). Twenty-six eyes (93%) had advanced disease (RE groups IV and V). Seventeen patients (61%) had unilateral retinoblastoma, and 11 (39%) had bilateral retinoblastoma. The median time from diagnosis to enucleation was 0.45 months (range, 0-45 months; mean, 4.4 months) and was longer for patients with bilateral retinoblastoma (median, 2.2 vs. 0.2 months; P = 0.034). Twenty enucleated eyes (71%) did not show high-risk pathologic features. Seventeen eyes with advanced intraocular disease were enucleated at the time of presentation, whereas chemoreduction was attempted for the other 19 eyes with advanced intraocular disease. Enucleation was then recommended for nine (47%) of those eyes. Enucleation at the time of diagnosis was feasible for most patients with advanced disease. Attempted salvage of eyes with advanced disease is justified, particularly in patients with bilateral disease. We were able to salvage almost half of these eyes. We hope our study provides new insights for counseling patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Oncology, King Hussein Cancer Center, Queen Rania Al Abdullah Street, P.O. Box 1269, Amman, 11941, Jordan. isultan@khcc.jo
authors.forename: Iyad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sultan
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nawaiseh
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehyar
authors.forename: Saamir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kharma
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Qudimat
authors.forename: Ribhi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hazin
authors.forename: Arwa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alalami
authors.forename: Imad
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jaradat
authors.forename: Maysa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Husseini
authors.forename: Ghadeer
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Abdeen
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Galindo
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Qaddoumi
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007597:Jordan; D008297:Male; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents