title: Increased brain damage after ischaemic stroke in mice lacking the chemokine receptor CCR5.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The chemokine receptor CCR5 is well known for its function in immune cells; however, it is also expressed in the brain, where its specific role remains to be elucidated. Because genetic factors may influence the risk of developing cerebral ischaemia or affect its clinical outcome, we have analysed the role of CCR5 in experimental stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Permanent cerebral ischaemia was performed by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in wild-type and CCR5-deficient mice. Locomotor behaviour, infarct size and histochemical alterations were analysed at different time points after occlusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cerebral vasculature was comparable in wild-type and CCR5-deficient mice. However, the size of the infarct and the motor deficits after occlusion were markedly increased in CCR5-deficient mice as compared with wild type. No differences between wild-type and CCR5-deficient mice were elicited by occlusion with respect to the morphology and abundance of astrocytes and microglia. Seven days after occlusion the majority of CCR5-deficient mice displayed neutrophil invasion in the infarct region, which was not observed in wild type. As compared with wild type, the infarct regions of CCR5-deficient mice were characterized by increased neuronal death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of CCR5 increased the severity of brain injury following occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. This is of particular interest with respect to the relatively frequent occurrence of CCR5 deficiency in the human population (1-2% of the Caucasian population) and the advent of CCR5 inhibitors as novel drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sorce
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bonnefont
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marq-Lin
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dubois-Dauphin
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Krause
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009043:Motor Activity; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019713:Receptors, CCR5