title: In vivo direct patulin-induced fluidization of the plasma membrane of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
abstract: Patulin is a toxic metabolite produced by various species of Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochlamys. In the present study, its effects on the plasma membrane of fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe were investigated. The phase-transition temperature (G) of untreated cells, measured by electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry proved to be 14.1 degrees C. Treatment of cells for 20 min with 50, 500, or 1000 microM patulin resulted in a decrease of the G value of the plasma membrane to 13.9, 10.1 or 8.7 degrees C, respectively. This change in the transition temperature was accompanied by the loss of compounds absorbing light at 260 nm. Treatment of cells with 50, 500 or 1000 microM patulin for 20 min induced the efflux of 25%, 30.5% or 34%, respectively, of these compounds. Besides its cytotoxic effects an adaptation process was observed. This is the first study to describe the direct interaction of patulin with the plasma membrane, a process which could definitely contribute to the adverse toxic effects induced by patulin.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Environmental Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
authors.forename: Eszter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horváth
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belágyi
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gazdag
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vágvölgyi
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pesti
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010365:Patulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012568:Schizosaccharomyces / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010365:Patulin