Exenatide affects circulating cardiovascular risk biomarkers independently of changes in body composition.
OBJECTIVE
To study the effect of exenatide on body composition and circulating cardiovascular risk biomarkers.


METHODS
Metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 69) were randomized to exenatide or insulin glargine and treated for 1 year. Body composition was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Additionally, body weight, waist circumference, and cardiovascular biomarkers were measured.


RESULTS
Treatment with exenatide for 1 year significantly reduced body weight, waist circumference, and total body and trunkal fat mass by 6, 5, 11, and 13%, respectively. In addition, exenatide increased total adiponectin by 12% and reduced high-sensitivity C-reactive protein by 61%. Insulin glargine significantly reduced endothelin-1 by 7%. These changes were statistically independent of the change in total body fat mass and body weight.


CONCLUSIONS
Exenatide treatment for 1 year reduced body fat mass and improved the profile of circulating biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. No significant changes were seen with insulin glargine except a trend for reduced endothelin-1 levels.
Bunck
Mathijs C
MC
Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. mcmbunck@vumc.nl
Diamant
Michaela
M
Eliasson
Bjorn
B
Cornér
Anja
A
Shaginian
Rimma M
RM
Heine
Robert J
RJ
Taskinen
Marja-Riitta
MR
Yki-Järvinen
Hannele
H
Smith
Ulf
U
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014688:Venoms / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000187:drug effects
D052242:Adiponectin; D019332:Endothelin-1; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000077270:Exenatide