title: Tetherin: holding on and letting go.
abstract: Mammalian cells are equipped with so-called "restriction factors" that suppress virus replication and help to prevent virus transmission from one species to another. This Essay discusses the host restriction factor tetherin, which blocks the release of enveloped viruses like HIV-1, and the factors evolved by primate lentiviruses, such as Vpu and Nef, that antagonize tetherin's action.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Virology, University Clinic Ulm, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sauter
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Specht
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kirchhoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015693:Gene Products, nef / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D016180:Lentivirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015693:Gene Products, nef; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C094572:BST2 protein, human; D000074010:Bone Marrow Stromal Antigen 2; C514859:vpu protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins