title: Metabolic syndrome, independent of its components, is a risk factor for stroke and death but not for coronary heart disease among hypertensive patients in the ASCOT-BPLA.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether in hypertensive patients the risk of cardiovascular disease is greater in association with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) or the sum of its individual components.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cox regression analysis models were developed to assess the influence of age, sex, ethnicity, and the individual components of MetS on risk associated with the MetS (using several definitions) of coronary outcomes, stroke, and all-cause mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MetS was significantly associated with coronary outcomes, stroke, and all-cause mortality after adjusting for age, sex, and ethnicity. However, when the model was further adjusted for the individual components, MetS was associated with significantly increased risk of stroke (hazard ratio 1.34 [95% CI 1.07-1.68]) and all-cause mortality (1.35 [1.16-1.58]) but not coronary outcomes (fatal coronary heart disease plus nonfatal myocardial infarction 1.16 [0.95-1.43] and total coronary events 1.06 [0.91-1.24]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MetS, independent of its individual components, is associated with increased risk of stroke and all-cause mortality but not coronary outcomes.
authors.affiliation: International Centre for Circulatory Health, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, U.K. a.k.gupta@imperial.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ajay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Bjorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dahlof
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sever
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Poulter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*