title: Hemodynamic responses to etomidate in pediatric patients with congenital cardiac shunt lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors investigated the effects of intravenous etomidate on hemodynamics in children with congenital cardiac shunts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Catheterization laboratory in tertiary referral cardiac center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty children with congenital cardiac shunt lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen children having congenital right to left shunts (group A) and 15 children with left to right shunts (group B) were studied. Systemic mean arterial pressure (SMAP), mean pulmonary artery pressures (MPAP), right atrial pressures (RAP), and pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) were recorded. Systemic vascular resistance index (SVRI), pulmonary vascular resistance index (PVRI), and pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio (Qp/Qs) were calculated on room air at baseline and following a single dose of 0.3 mg/kg of etomidate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heart rate (HR), SMAP, RAP, systemic blood flow (Qs), Qp/Qs, and SVRI did not show any significant change; whereas systemic arterial saturation increased from 77.3% to 79.3%, which was statistically but not clinically significant in the authors' opinion following etomidate in group A. No significant differences in HR, SMAP, MPAP, PAWP, PVRI, SVRI, Qs, pulmonary blood flow (Qp), and Qp/Qs ratio were seen; whereas RAP, systemic, and pulmonary artery saturation decreased in group B after etomidate. Although statistically significant, the decreases were not clinically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Etomidate at 0.3 mg/kg produces very minimal changes in hemodynamic parameters and shunt fraction in children with congenital shunt lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Anesthesiology, Cardio Thoracic Centre, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India. naresh_d59@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Naresh
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dhawan
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Shyam Sunder
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kothari
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kiran
authors.forename: Shambhunath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Neeti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Makhija
mesh_terms: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005045:Etomidate / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D005045:Etomidate