Retinoids for treatment of retinal diseases.
Knowledge about retinal photoreceptor signal transduction and the visual cycle required for normal eyesight has increased exponentially over the past decade. Substantial progress in human genetics has facilitated the identification of candidate genes and complex networks underlying inherited retinal diseases. Natural mutations in animal models that mimic human diseases have been characterized and advanced genetic manipulation can now be used to generate small mammalian models of human retinal diseases. Pharmacological repair of defective visual processes in animal models not only validates their involvement in vision, but also provides great promise for the development of improved therapies for millions who are progressing towards blindness or are almost completely robbed of their eyesight.
Palczewski
Krzysztof
K
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4965, USA. kxp65@case.edu <kxp65@case.edu>
D000818:Animals; D001766:Blindness / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000378:metabolism; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012172:Retinaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D012176:Retinoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology
D005136:Eye Proteins; D012176:Retinoids; D012172:Retinaldehyde