title: Left ventricular surgical restoration for anteroseptal scars: volume versus shape.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the long-term results of left ventricular surgical restoration in which 2 different strategies were used, which had restoration of ventricular volume or ventricular shape as their target.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1988 to 2008, 308 patients with anterior scars underwent elective left ventricular surgical restoration. Before 2002, a Dor procedure was performed in 107 cases to reduce left ventricular volume (group V); from 1998 to 2001, a Guilmet procedure was performed in 32 patients to rebuild a left ventricular conical shape (group S). From 2002, 169 patients (group S) underwent left ventricular surgical restoration to reshape a conical left ventricle by means of the Dor procedure (n = 29, septoapical scars) or septal reshaping (n = 140, when the septum was more involved than the anterior wall). The 2 groups were similar for all features but age, mitral regurgitation grade, mitral valve surgery rate (higher in group S), and ejection fraction (higher in group V).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Early mortality was 7.8% (11.2% in group V vs 6.0% in group S, P = .102). Logistic regression showed that volume reduction was significantly related to higher early mortality. Five-year cardiac survival, cardiac event-free survival, and event-free survival were higher in group S. Cox analysis showed that the choice of volume reduction provided lower survival (hazard ratio, 2.1), cardiac survival (hazard ratio, 3.0), cardiac event-free survival (hazard ratio, 2.7), and event-free survival (hazard ratio, 2.2). When 30-day events were excluded, volume reduction was still a risk factor for cardiac event-free survival (hazard ratio, 2.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When the main target of left ventricular surgical restoration is left ventricular reshaping rather than left ventricular volume reduction, early and late outcomes seem to improve.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Cardiac Surgery, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. calafiore@unich.it
authors.forename: Antonio M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Calafiore
authors.forename: Angela L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Iacò
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amata
authors.forename: Cataldo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Castello
authors.forename: Egidio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varone
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Falconieri
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bivona
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallina
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Mauro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D056988:Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*