title: Cardiovascular disease mortality in Europeans in relation to fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels within a normoglycemic range.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study mortality in relation to fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2-h plasma glucose levels within the normoglycemic range.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 19 European cohorts comprising 12,566 men and 10,874 women who had FPG <6.1 mmol/l and 2-h plasma glucose <7.8 mmol/l at baseline examination were analyzed. Multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for deaths from cardiovascular disease (CVD), non-CVD, and all causes were estimated for individuals whose 2-h plasma glucose > FPG (group II) compared with those whose 2-h plasma glucose ≤ FPG (group I).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 827 (246) CVD and 611 (351) non-CVD and 1,438 (597) all-cause deaths occurred in men (women). Group II was older and had higher BMI, blood pressure, and fasting insulin than group I. The multivariate-adjusted HRs (95% CIs) for CVD, non-CVD, and all-cause mortality were 1.22 (1.05-1.41), 1.09 (0.92-1.29), and 1.16 (1.04-1.30) in men and 1.40 (1.03-1.89), 0.99 (0.79-1.25), and 1.13 (0.94-1.35) in women, respectively, for group II as compared with group I. HRs were 1.25 (1.05-1.50), 1.09 (0.89-1.34), and 1.18 (1.03-1.35) in men and 1.60 (1.03-2.48), 1.05 (0.78-1.42), and 1.18 (0.93-1.51) in women, respectively, after additional adjustment for fasting insulin in a subgroup of individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In individuals with both FPG and 2-h plasma glucose within the normoglycemic range, high 2-h plasma glucose was associated with insulin resistance and increased CVD mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuomilehto
authors.forename: Kalevi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pyörälä
authors.forename: Altan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onat
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Söderberg
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qiao
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose