Development of morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal: involvement of the clock gene mPer2.
The present study has been designed to assess specifically the involvement of the clock gene mPer2 in morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal. At first, we checked the absence of initial differences in the expression of several gene transcripts involved in the development of morphine dependence in Per2(Brdm1) mutant mice and in their respective wild-type (WT) control littermates. Morphine-induced tolerance as well as precipitated withdrawal was then assessed in these mice. The Per2(Brdm1) mutant mice clearly developed less tolerance and showed attenuated withdrawal signs compared to WT. These results show that mPER2 is involved in morphine-induced tolerance and withdrawal.
Perreau-Lenz
Stéphanie
S
Central Institute for Mental Health, Department of Psychopharmacology, CIMH, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. stephanie.perreau-lenz@zi-mannheim.de
Sanchis-Segura
Carles
C
Leonardi-Essmann
Fernando
F
Schneider
Miriam
M
Spanagel
Rainer
R
D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004361:Drug Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009270:Naloxone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000379:methods; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; C513312:Per2 protein, mouse; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine