title: Preparation of open-cage fullerenes and incorporation of small molecules through their orifices.
abstract: Open-cage fullerenes can act as hosts for small molecules such as water, nitrogen, or hydrogen, forming endohedral fullerenes. Following a brief summary of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen insertion in the fullerene framework to form homofullerenes, methods of creating a hole in the fullerene surface are surveyed. Techniques of hole enlargement and the insertion of atoms or molecules through the orifice to form endohedral fullerenes are described. Finally, the possibility of subsequent closure of the hole is considered.
authors.affiliation: Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China. gan@pku.edu.cn
authors.forename: Liangbing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Dazhi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qianyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D037741:Fullerenes; D002244:Carbon; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen