title: A ghrelin gene variant may predict crossover rate from restricting-type anorexia nervosa to other phenotypes of eating disorders: a retrospective survival analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with anorexia nervosa restricting type (AN-R) often develop bulimic symptoms and crossover to AN-binge eating/purging type (AN-BP), or to bulimia nervosa (BN). We have reported earlier that genetic variants of an orexigenic peptide ghrelin are associated with BN. Here, the relationship between a ghrelin gene variant and the rate of change from AN-R to other phenotypes of eating disorders (EDs) was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 165 patients with ED, initially diagnosed as AN-R. The dates of their AN-R onset and changes in diagnosis to other subtypes of ED were investigated retrospectively. Ghrelin gene 3056 T-->C SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) was genotyped. Probability and hazard ratios were analyzed using life table analysis and Cox's proportional hazard regression model, in which the starting point was the time of AN-R onset and the outcome events were the time of (i) onset of binge eating, that is, when patients changed to binge eating AN and BN and (ii) recovery of normal weight, that is, when patients changed to BN or remission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with the TT genotype at 3056 T-->C had a higher probability and hazard ratio for recovery of normal weight. The ghrelin SNP was not related with the onset of binge eating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 3056 T-->C SNP of the ghrelin gene is related to the probability and the rate of recovery of normal body weight from restricting-type AN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Research, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Tokyo, Japan. ando-t@ncnp.go.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Gen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Komaki
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naruo
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takii
authors.forename: Takakazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Chiemi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki-Hotta
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Minatozaki
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishizono-Maher
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Sohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suematsu
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebana
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Katsutaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Yoshikatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiriike
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Kiyohide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagamine
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ookuma
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002032:Bulimia / Q000235:genetics; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D056865:Ideal Body Weight / Q000235:genetics; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin