title: Characterization of the specific interaction between sialoadhesin and sialylated Campylobacter jejuni lipooligosaccharides.
abstract: In Campylobacter jejuni-induced Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), molecular mimicry between C. jejuni lipooligosaccharide (LOS) and host gangliosides leads to the production of cross-reactive antibodies directed against the peripheral nerves of the host. Currently, the presence of surface exposed sialylated LOS in C. jejuni is the single known bacterial pathogenesis factor associated with the development of GBS. Using a unique, well-characterized strain collection, we demonstrate that GBS-associated C. jejuni strains bind preferentially to sialoadhesin (Sn, Siglec-1, or CD169), a sialic acid receptor found on a subset of macrophages. In addition, using a whole-cell enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), C. jejuni strains with sialylated LOS bound exclusively to soluble Sn. Mass spectrometry revealed that binding was sialic acid-linkage specific with a preference for alpha(2,3)-linked sialic acid attached to the terminal galactose of the LOS chain as seen in the gangliosides GD1a, GM1b, and GM3. This molecular interaction was also related to functional consequences as a GBS-associated C. jejuni strain that bound Sn in a whole-cell ELISA adhered to surface-expressed Sn of Sn-transfected CHO cells but was unable to adhere to wild-type CHO cells. Moreover, a sialic acid-negative mutant of the same C. jejuni strain was unable to bind Sn-transfected CHO cells. This is the first report of the preferential binding of GBS-associated C. jejuni strains to the Sn immune receptor (P = 0.014). Moreover, because this binding is dependent on sialylated LOS, the main pathogenic factor in GBS progression, the present findings bring us closer to unraveling the mechanisms that lead to formation of cross-reactive antibodies in GBS disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands. a.heikema@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Astrid P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Heikema
authors.forename: Mathijs P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.forename: Hannah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Crocker
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Janneke N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Samsom
authors.forename: Willem J B
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: van Wamel
authors.forename: Hubert P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Endtz
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Belkum
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000502:physiology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000378:metabolism; D020275:Guillain-Barre Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000502:physiology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000502:physiology*; D063267:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C571166:SIGLEC1 protein, human; D063267:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 1; C023023:lipid-linked oligosaccharides; C025447:sialogangliosides; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid