title: Synovial inflammation in patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.
abstract: Much of the work aimed at elucidating the pathogenesis of osteonecrosis (ON) of the femoral head has focused on bone blood supply, with little attention to the surrounding synovial tissue (ST). We hypothesized that patients with ON exhibit synovial inflammation. Using immunohistological techniques, we found that a large population of patients with ON had synovial inflammation. Moreover, a population of ON patients had inflamed ST without having an inflammatory disease co-morbidity. The inflammatory infiltrate in these patients comprised primarily CD4(+) T cells and CD68(+) macrophages, the latter of which expressed increased levels of cellular adhesion molecules. Our results suggest the presence of a previously unrecognized population of ON patients without a diagnosed inflammatory co-morbidity and a highly inflammed synovium consisting primarily of a macrophage and CD4(+) T-cell infiltrate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. brabquer@med.umich.edu
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Rabquer
authors.forename: Giselle J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Shaheen
authors.forename: G Kenneth
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Urquhart
authors.forename: Alisa E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head / Q000473:pathology*; D005271:Femur Head Necrosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007249:Inflammation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000473:pathology*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules