title: Initial results of the treatment of diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis of the mandible with bisphosphonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diffuse sclerosing osteomyelitis (DSO) of the mandible is characterised by recurrent pain, swelling of the cheek and trismus. Treatment is difficult and symptoms often recur. Recently case reports and small series have reported good results after treatment with bisphosphonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients suffering from treatment resistant DSO were treated with intravenous bisphosphonates. Diagnosis was based on clinical, radiological and histopathological examination. Symptoms had been present for between 20 and 167 months (mean 78). Patients were admitted, laboratory tests and Technetium-scans were performed. Pamidronate was administered intravenously up to four times a year. Follow-up varied from 18 to 46 months (mean 30).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients, symptoms and the need for analgesic drugs diminished considerably. One patient remained free of symptoms after one treatment. In two patients a switch in bisphosphonate was made based on a decreased response. All patients showed a decrease in uptake in the DSO-area on the Tc-scans when comparing pre- and post-treatment. One patient was lost to follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In therapy-resistant DSO bisphosphonate treatment may be a good option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Sophie C C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kuijpers
authors.forename: Edo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Neveen A T
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Hamdy
authors.forename: J P Richard
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Merkesteyn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077268:Pamidronate; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012008:Recurrence; D012598:Sclerosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; C055774:olpadronic acid; D000077268:Pamidronate