Epidemiological trends of infective endocarditis: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a contemporary profile of epidemiological trends of infective endocarditis (IE) in Olmsted County, Minnesota.


METHODS
This study consists of all definite or possible IE cases among adults in Olmsted County from January 1, 1970, through December 31, 2006. Cases were identified using resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project.


RESULTS
We identified 150 cases of IE. The age- and sex-adjusted incidences of IE ranged from 5.0 to 7.9 cases per 100,000 person-years with an increasing trend over time differential with respect to sex (for interaction, P=.02); the age-adjusted incidence of IE increased significantly in women (P=.006) but not in men (P=.79). We observed an increasing temporal trend in the mean age at diagnosis (P=.04) and a decreasing trend in the proportion of cases with rheumatic heart disease as a predisposing condition (P=.02). There were no statistically significant temporal trends in the incidence of either Staphylococcus aureus or viridans group streptococcal IE. Data on infection site of acquisition were available for cases seen in 2001 and thereafter, with 50.0% designated as health care-associated, 42.5% community-acquired, and 7.5% nosocomial.


CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of IE among women increased from 1970 to 2006. Ongoing surveillance is warranted to determine whether the incidence change in women will be sustained. Subsequent analysis of infection site of acquisition and its impact on the epidemiology of IE are planned.
Correa de Sa
Daniel D
DD
Department of internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. daniel.correadesa@vtmednet.org
Tleyjeh
Imad M
IM
Anavekar
Nandan S
NS
Schultz
Jason C
JC
Thomas
Justin M
JM
Lahr
Brian D
BD
Bachuwar
Alok
A
Pazdernik
Michal
M
Steckelberg
James M
JM
Wilson
Walter R
WR
Baddour
Larry M
LM
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004698:Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology