title: Exenatide affects circulating cardiovascular risk biomarkers independently of changes in body composition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of exenatide on body composition and circulating cardiovascular risk biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metformin-treated patients with type 2 diabetes (N = 69) were randomized to exenatide or insulin glargine and treated for 1 year. Body composition was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Additionally, body weight, waist circumference, and cardiovascular biomarkers were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with exenatide for 1 year significantly reduced body weight, waist circumference, and total body and trunkal fat mass by 6, 5, 11, and 13%, respectively. In addition, exenatide increased total adiponectin by 12% and reduced high-sensitivity C-reactive protein by 61%. Insulin glargine significantly reduced endothelin-1 by 7%. These changes were statistically independent of the change in total body fat mass and body weight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exenatide treatment for 1 year reduced body fat mass and improved the profile of circulating biomarkers of cardiovascular risk. No significant changes were seen with insulin glargine except a trend for reduced endothelin-1 levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes Center, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. mcmbunck@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Mathijs C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bunck
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diamant
authors.forename: Bjorn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eliasson
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cornér
authors.forename: Rimma M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Shaginian
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heine
authors.forename: Marja-Riitta
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Taskinen
authors.forename: Hannele
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yki-Järvinen
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014688:Venoms / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055105:Waist Circumference / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D019332:Endothelin-1; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000077270:Exenatide