Aqabamycins A-G: novel nitro maleimides from a marine Vibrio species. I. Taxonomy, fermentation, isolation and biological activities.
In a screening of marine bacteria, a Vibrio species isolated from the surface of the soft coral Sinularia polydactyla collected in the Red Sea was found to be a prolific producer of secondary metabolites with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities. Seven novel maleimide derivatives named aqabamycin A (1a), aqabamycin B (1b), aqabamycin C (1c), aqabamycin D (1d), aqabamycin E (1e and 1e'), aqabamycin F (1f) and aqabamycin G (2) were isolated together with several known metabolites such as 3-nitro-1H-indazole (3), indazole-3-carbaldehyde (4), phenyl-2-bis-indolylmethane (5a), turbomycin B (5b), vibrindole A (6), 1,4-dithiane (7), 3-(3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-propenoic acid (8), 3-nitro-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (9), phenylacetic acid, benzoic acid, 3-hydroxybenzoic acid and 4-hydroxycinnamic acid. The aqabamycins, except aqabamycin A, bear a nitro group. Compounds 3, 4, 7 are described here for the first time from a natural source and vibrindole A was found to have cytotoxic activity.
Al-Zereini
Wael
W
Institute for Biotechnology and Drug Research (IBWF), Kaiserslautern, Germany.
Fotso Fondja Yao
Clarisse Blanchine
CB
Laatsch
Hartmut
H
Anke
Heidrun
H
D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000382:microbiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D005285:Fermentation; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D008301:Maleimides / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D014733:Vibrio / Q000378:metabolism*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D008301:Maleimides; C550684:aqabamycin A; C550685:aqabamycin B; C550686:aqabamycin C; C550687:aqabamycin D; C550688:aqabamycin E; C550689:aqabamycin F; C550690:aqabamycin G