title: Comparison of acid-induced inflammatory responses in the rat lung during high frequency oscillatory and conventional mechanical ventilation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was performed to compare the effects of high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) with conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) on pulmonary inflammatory responses in a rat acid-induced lung injury model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthetized rats were instilled intratracheally with HCl (0.1 N, 2 mL/kg) and then randomly divided into three mechanical ventilation settings: HFOV (an oscillatory frequency of 15 Hz, mean airway pressure (MAP) of 9 cmH(2)O), CMV at tidal volume of 12 and 6 mL/kg for 5 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After HCl instillation, HFOV significantly attenuated the increases in neutrophil infiltration and TNF-α concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid compared with the CMV groups. During HFOV, there was an inhibition of an increase in TNF-α mRNA expression and a decrease in SP-A mRNA expression induced by acid instillation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This animal study demonstrates that HFOV is a suitable form of mechanical ventilation to prevent inflammatory responses in acid-induced lung injury.
authors.affiliation: The First Department of Internal Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Asahi, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Ming-Yuan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Tomonobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsushima
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D006612:High-Frequency Ventilation; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid