title: Characteristics and risk factors for colorectal cancer recurrence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the characteristics of recurrence and examine the clinicopathological factors related to disease- free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) recurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixteen CRC patients with stage II and III disease that had been resected curatively in our clinic between 1999 and 2006 were retrospectively evaluated. The parameters evaluated were gender, age, preoperative CEA levels, tumor localisation, duration of surgery, the units of perioperative blood transfusion, tumor differentiation, TNM stages and adjuvant therapies. The presence of preoperative intestinal obstruction, radical abdominopelvic lymph node (RAPL) dissection and lymphatic, vascular and perineural invasion were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With 36.6+/-2 months follow-up, 49 (42%) patients developed local recurrence and/or distant metastases. Twenty-three (19.8%) patients presented with isolated local recurrence. Thirteen of 49 patients with local recurrence were successfully operated with R0 curative resection. The OS survival rates for those with curatively and palliatively resected recurrences were 29 and 19 months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the factors related to DFS were tumor localisation and differentiation, neurovascular invasion, blood transfusion and RAPL dissection. Among these factors, only RAPL dissection was not statistically significant for OS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The factors increasing local recurrence rates of CRC should be clearly described. Local and systemic treatment modalities, like preoperative chemoradiotherapy should be planned for patients carrying these risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ankara Oncology Teaching and Education Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozaslan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altinok
mesh_terms: D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003082:Colectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome