title: The red wine extract-induced activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is mediated by a great variety of polyphenolic compounds.
abstract: Phenolic extracts from red wine (RWPs) have been shown to induce nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasoprotective effects, mainly by causing the PI3-kinase/Akt-dependent activation of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). RWPs contain several hundreds of phenolic compounds. The aim of the present study was to identify red wine phenolic compounds capable of activating eNOS in endothelial cells using multi-step fractionation. The red wine phenolic extract was fractionated using Sephadex LH-20 and preparative RP-HPLC approaches. The ability of a fraction to activate eNOS was assessed by determining the phosphorylation level of Akt and eNOS by Western blot analysis, and NO formation by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Tentative identification of phenolic compounds in fractions was performed by MALDI-TOF and HPLC-MS techniques. Separation of RWPs by Sephadex LH-20 generated nine fractions (fractions A to I), of which fractions F, G, H and I caused significant eNOS activation. Fraction F was then subjected to semi-preparative RP-HPLC to generate ten subfractions (subfraction SF1 to SF10), all of which caused eNOS activation. The active fractions and subfractions contained mainly procyanidins and anthocyanins. Isolation of phenolic compounds from SF9 by semi-preparative RP-HLPC lead to the identification of petunidin-O-coumaroyl-glucoside as a potent activator of eNOS.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biophotonique et Pharmacologie, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Auger
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaabi
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anselm
authors.forename: Annelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lobstein
authors.forename: Valérie B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Schini-Kerth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D005419:Flavonoids; D005960:Glucosides; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C553977:petunidin-3-O-(6''-coumaryl)glucoside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt