title: Myelodysplastic syndrome: An update on diagnosis and therapy.
abstract: Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a diverse group of disorders characterized by disorderly and ineffective hematopoiesis. Patients suffer morbidity from associated cytopenias that result in an increased risk of infection, transfusion-dependent anemia, and bleeding. Despite the variable risk of transformation to acute leukemia, the majority of deaths are due to bone marrow failure. No truly effective treatment exists for MDS, and therapy usually focuses on reducing or preventing complications of the disease. Identification of potential cellular and molecular targets, such as epigenetic modification, has led to novel therapeutic approaches in recent years. An increasing number of diagnostic markers, prognostic parameters, and therapeutic strategies are available and becoming widely accepted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology/Oncology, University of California, Los Angeles, Box 957059, Suite 2333 PVUB, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. akoppel@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Ahrin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koppel
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schiller
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D000077209:Decitabine; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D013792:Thalidomide; D000077209:Decitabine; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D001374:Azacitidine