Mechanisms of action of intravenous immunoglobulins.
Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has been used for nearly three decades as an efficient anti-inflammatory therapeutic regimen in a growing number of autoimmune diseases. Despite this their success in clinical application, the mechanism of action of IVIg therapy remains elusive. During the last few years, several mechanisms dependent on either the IgG variable or constant fragment have been proposed to explain the potent immunomodulatory activity of IVIg. This review will discuss which molecular and cellular pathways might be involved in the anti-inflammatory activity of IVIg and for which types of autoimmune diseases they might be relevant.
Baerenwaldt
Anne
A
Department of Biology, Institute of Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Staudtstr. 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
Biburger
Markus
M
Nimmerjahn
Falk
F
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000276:immunology; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000276:immunology; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000276:immunology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001323:Autoantibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid