title: Ex vivo evaluation of coronal and apical microbial leakage of root canal--filled with gutta-percha or Resilon/Epiphany root canal filling material.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This ex vivo study compared coronal and apical microleakage of root canals filled with Resilon/Epiphany (RE) or gutta-percha/Grossman sealer (GP), using either lateral condensation (LC) or System B (SB) technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens in eight experimental groups were obturated using the following materials and techniques: Groups 1 and 3--GP and LC; groups 2 and 4--GP and SB; groups 5 and 7--RE and LC; groups 6 and 8--RE and SB. Apical and coronal leakages were tested using bacterial methods. For coronal analysis, the number of days required for complete contamination of the root canals was recorded according to observation of the brain heart infusion broth turbidity for 15 weeks. For apical analysis, the teeth were cleaved and the leakage was measured at 30 days. Data were collected for each sample and analyzed statistically with the Chi-square and ANOVA tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leakage was found in all groups. The difference between filling materials, obturation techniques, and median time of leakage was not statistically significant for coronal ( P=0.847) and apical ( P=0.5789) leakages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no differences between the different filling materials (gutta-percha/Grossman sealer and Resilon/Epiphany) and obturation techniques (lateral condensation and system B technique) in coronal or apical leakages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, University of Fortaleza, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Almeida-Gomes
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maniglia-Ferreira
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Morais Vitoriano
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carvalho-Sousa
authors.forename: Nadine Luisa Soares de Lima
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Guimaraes
authors.forename: Roberto Alves
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Eduardo Diogo
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Gurgel-Filho
authors.forename: Marcia Maria de Negreiros Pinto
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D016369:Smear Layer; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement
chemical_list: D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C486893:epiphany sealer; C486892:resilon sealer; C045432:Grossman's sealer; D006171:Gutta-Percha