title: [Massive alveolar hemorrhage due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HIV infection].
abstract: Alveolar hemorrhage may be a complication of diseases with local and systemic manifestations. Both share the same pathophysiological concept: damage to the alveolar microcirculation. It is a clinical entity that generates a diagnostic challenge for the physician. Early recognition favors aggressive treatment, which can improve the outcome. Despite the technological advances in its diagnosis and treatment, it is still a condition having high morbidity and mortality. We present the case of a 42-year old woman diagnosed of massive alveolar hemorrhage induced by cytomegalovirus (CMV) and HIV infection. Its presentation is atypical because most reported cases have occurred as a pneumonic process, episodes of massive hemorrhage being uncommon. The diagnosis was documented by bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage and etiological diagnosis with molecular techniques using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Dr. Ismael Cosío Villegas, Tlalpan, México D.F, México. dr morenheim@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bautista
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D015774:Ganciclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000209:etiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008833:Microcirculation; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000098:blood supply; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D013283:Stomatitis, Herpetic / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D015774:Ganciclovir