title: Where the wild things are: pathogenesis of SIV infection in African nonhuman primate hosts.
abstract: African nonhuman primates that are natural hosts of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) are generally spared from disease progression. Pathogenic and nonpathogenic SIV infections share some major features: high viral replication, massive acute depletion of mucosal CD4(+) T cells, and partial control of the virus by both adaptive and innate immune responses. A key distinction of natural SIV infections is rapid and active control of immune activation and apoptosis of T cells that contributes to the integrity of mucosal barrier and lack of microbial translocation. This allows partial recovery of CD4(+) T cells and preservation of the function of other immune cell subsets. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the lack of disease in natural hosts for SIV infection will likely provide important clues as to the therapy of HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccine Research and Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, 9014 Biomedical Science Tower 3, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261-9045, USA. pandrea@cvr.pitt.edu
authors.forename: Ivona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pandrea
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Apetrei
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D011323:Primates / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000276:immunology; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D019713:Receptors, CCR5