title: Epidemiological trends of infective endocarditis: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a contemporary profile of epidemiological trends of infective endocarditis (IE) in Olmsted County, Minnesota.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study consists of all definite or possible IE cases among adults in Olmsted County from January 1, 1970, through December 31, 2006. Cases were identified using resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 150 cases of IE. The age- and sex-adjusted incidences of IE ranged from 5.0 to 7.9 cases per 100,000 person-years with an increasing trend over time differential with respect to sex (for interaction, P=.02); the age-adjusted incidence of IE increased significantly in women (P=.006) but not in men (P=.79). We observed an increasing temporal trend in the mean age at diagnosis (P=.04) and a decreasing trend in the proportion of cases with rheumatic heart disease as a predisposing condition (P=.02). There were no statistically significant temporal trends in the incidence of either Staphylococcus aureus or viridans group streptococcal IE. Data on infection site of acquisition were available for cases seen in 2001 and thereafter, with 50.0% designated as health care-associated, 42.5% community-acquired, and 7.5% nosocomial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of IE among women increased from 1970 to 2006. Ongoing surveillance is warranted to determine whether the incidence change in women will be sustained. Subsequent analysis of infection site of acquisition and its impact on the epidemiology of IE are planned.
authors.affiliation: Department of internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. daniel.correadesa@vtmednet.org
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Correa de Sa
authors.forename: Imad M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Tleyjeh
authors.forename: Nandan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Anavekar
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Justin M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Lahr
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachuwar
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pazdernik
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Steckelberg
authors.forename: Walter R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Larry M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Baddour
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D004696:Endocarditis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004698:Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology