Parenting predictors of early-adolescents' health behaviors: simultaneous group comparisons across sex and ethnic groups.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the invariance of predictive relations across early-adolescent sex and ethnic groups regarding parenting factors and externalizing and internalizing problems and victimization. Data (n = 598; 54% female) from a triethnic (Hispanic, non-Hispanic white, and non-Hispanic black) probability sample of fifth graders collected from three sites (Birmingham, AL, Houston, TX, and Los Angeles, CA) were used in the analyses. Simultaneous group structural equation modeling supported the invariance of parenting-early adolescent outcomes across sex and ethnic groups. Parental monitoring and parental norms were relatively robust predictors of early-adolescent externalizing problems and victimization, and to a lesser extent, of internalizing problems. A maternal nurturance by parental monitoring interaction was statistically significant for all outcome behaviors, indicating that higher monitoring in conjunction with higher maternal nurturance was associated with lower levels of early-adolescent problem behaviors. The findings suggest that core parenting factors such as nurturance, monitoring, and normative expectations for early adolescent problem behaviors may serve as a foundation for parenting components of multi-component intervention studies.
Windle
Michael
M
Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, 1518 Clifton Road, NE, Rm 520, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. mwindle@emory.edu
Brener
Nancy
N
Cuccaro
Paula
P
Dittus
Patricia
P
Kanouse
David E
DE
Murray
Nancy
N
Wallander
Jan
J
Schuster
Mark A
MA
D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology; D000374:Aggression; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D019548:Crime Victims; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology