title: Habitual versus goal-directed action control in Parkinson disease.
abstract: This study presents the first direct investigation of the hypothesis that dopamine depletion of the dorsal striatum in mild Parkinson disease leads to impaired stimulus-response habit formation, thereby rendering behavior slow and effortful. However, using an instrumental conflict task, we show that patients are able to rely on direct stimulus-response associations when a goal-directed strategy causes response conflict, suggesting that habit formation is not impaired. If anything our results suggest a disease severity-dependent deficit in goal-directed behavior. These results are discussed in the context of Parkinson disease and the neurobiology of habitual and goal-directed behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Amsterdam Center for Study of Adaptive Control in Brain and Behavior (Acacia), University of Amsterdam, Roeterstraat 15, 1018 WB, The Netherlands. s.dewit@uva.nl
authors.forename: Sanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.forename: Roshan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cools
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001245:Association Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006040:Goals; D006184:Habits; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D004298:Dopamine