title: Molecular changes following topical photodynamic therapy using methyl aminolaevulinate in mouse skin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Photodynamic therapy (PDT) with aminolevulinic acid (ALA) or methyl aminolaevulinate (MAL) has been shown to enhance treatment of photoaged skin. However, there is little information about the molecular changes involved in dermal matrix remodeling following MAL-PDT for photorejuvenation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to analyze the molecular changes of the epidermal and dermal matrix after MAL-PDT in mouse skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial biopsy specimens were obtained at baseline and at various times after treatments with MAL-PDT, MAL alone and LED alone. To evaluate the molecular changes in the epidermal and dermal matrix, primary cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), procollagen type I and III were evaluated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, and immunohistochemistry assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevation of primary cytokines and MMPs occurred at early points in time after one treatment with MAL-PDT based on the levels of mRNA and protein. On the other hand, procollagen type I protein increased later after MAL-PDT treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAL-PDT activates more quantifiable alterations in the molecules associated with epidermal and dermal remodeling compared to treatment with MAL or LED alone. MAL-PDT significantly induced the epidermal and dermal matrix molecules required for photorejuvenation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Brain Korea 21 Project, 8-Hak-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju 501-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Geon Tae
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eui Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Hyun Seung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wi
authors.forename: Seung-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jee-Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020405:Dermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C475457:methyl 5-aminolevulinate; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases