Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptors as markers of adult stem cells.
Molecular markers are used to characterize and track adult stem cells. Colon cancer research has led to the identification of 2 related receptors, leucine-rich repeat-containing, G-protein-coupled receptors (Lgr)5 and Lgr6, that are expressed by small populations of cells in a variety of adult organs. Genetic mouse models have allowed the visualization, isolation, and genetic marking of Lgr5(+ve) and Lgr6(+ve) cells and provided evidence that they are stem cells. The Lgr5(+ve) cells were found to occupy locations not commonly associated with stem cells in the stomach, small intestine, colon, and hair follicles. A multipotent population of skin stem cells express Lgr6. Single Lgr5(+ve) stem cells from the small intestine and the stomach can be cultured into long-lived organoids. Further studies of these markers might reveal adult stem cell populations in additional tissues. Identification of the ligands for Lgr5 and 6 will help elucidate stem cell functions and modes of intracellular signaling.
Barker
Nick
N
Hubrecht Institute, Uppsalalaan, Utrecht, The Netherlands. n.barker@hubrecht.eu
Clevers
Hans
H
D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
D015415:Biomarkers; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D011506:Proteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled