title: Concomitant homozygosity for the prothrombin gene variant with mild deficiency of antithrombin III in a patient with multiple hepatic infarctions: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hereditary causes of visceral thrombosis or thrombosis should be sought among young patients. We present a case of a young man presenting with multiple hepatic infarctions resulting in portal hypertension due to homozygosity of the prothrombin gene mutation not previously described in literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 42-year-old Caucasian man with a previous history of idiopathic deep vein thrombosis 11 years earlier presented with vague abdominal pains and mildly abnormal liver function tests. An ultrasound and computed tomography scan showed evidence of hepatic infarction and portal hypertension (splenic varices). A thrombophilia screen confirmed a homozygous mutation for the prothrombin gene mutation, with mildly reduced levels of anti-thrombin III (AT III). Subsequent testing of his father and brother revealed heterozygosity for the same gene mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatic infarction is unusual due to the rich dual arterial and venous blood supply to the liver. In the absence of an arterial or haemodynamic insult causing hepatic infarction, a thrombophilia should be considered. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a hepatic infarction due to homozygosity of the prothrombin gene mutation. It is unclear whether homozygotes have a higher risk of thrombosis than heterozygotes. In someone presenting with a first thrombosis with this mutation, the case for life-long anticoagulation is unclear, but it may be necessary to prevent a second and more severe second thrombotic event, as occurred in this case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Blackpool Victoria Hospital, Whinney Heys Road, Blackpool, Lancashire, UK. javaid55@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emmanuelle
authors.forename: Belkys
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Husein
authors.forename: Javaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Macheta
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Isaacs