title: Real-time multidimensional NMR follows RNA folding with second resolution.
abstract: Conformational transitions and structural rearrangements are central to the function of many RNAs yet remain poorly understood. We have used ultrafast multidimensional NMR techniques to monitor the adenine-induced folding of an adenine-sensing riboswitch in real time, with nucleotide-resolved resolution. By following changes in 2D spectra at rates of approximately 0.5 Hz, we identify distinct steps associated with the ligand-induced folding of the riboswitch. Following recognition of the ligand, long range loop-loop interactions form and are then progressively stabilized before the formation of a fully stable complex over approximately 2-3 minutes. The application of these ultrafast multidimensional NMR methods provides the opportunity to determine the structure of RNA folding intermediates and conformational trajectories.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Maayan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gal
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frydman
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varani
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000378:metabolism; D020029:Base Pairing; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid; D012313:RNA; D000225:Adenine