title: The effect of maternal common mental disorders on infant undernutrition in Butajira, Ethiopia: the P-MaMiE study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although maternal common mental disorder (CMD) appears to be a risk factor for infant undernutrition in South Asian countries, the position in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is unclear
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based cohort of 1065 women, in the third trimester of pregnancy, was identified from the demographic surveillance site (DSS) in Butajira, to investigate the effect of maternal CMD on infant undernutrition in a predominantly rural Ethiopian population. Participants were interviewed at recruitment and at two months post-partum. Maternal CMD was measured using the locally validated Self-Reported Questionnaire (score of > or = six indicating high levels of CMD). Infant anthropometry was recorded at six and twelve months of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of CMD was 12% during pregnancy and 5% at the two month postnatal time-point. In bivariate analysis antenatal CMD which had resolved after delivery predicted underweight at twelve months (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.05, 2.50). There were no other statistically significant differences in the prevalence of underweight or stunted infants in mothers with high levels of CMD compared to those with low levels. The associations between CMD and infant nutritional status were not significant after adjusting for pre-specified potential confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our negative finding adds to the inconsistent picture emerging from SSA. The association between CMD and infant undernutrition might be modified by study methodology as well as degree of shared parenting among family members, making it difficult to extrapolate across low- and middle-income countries.
authors.affiliation: Aklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. gtmedhin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Girmay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Medhin
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hanlon
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Atalay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alem
authors.forename: Fikru
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tesfaye
authors.forename: Zufan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lakew
authors.forename: Bogale
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Worku
authors.forename: Mesfin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aray
authors.forename: Abdulreshid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abdulahi
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomlinson
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prince
mesh_terms: D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000453:epidemiology; D000368:Aged; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005002:Ethiopia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007228:Infant Nutrition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016487:Parenting / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors