title: Patterns in the use of benzodiazepines in British Columbia: examining the impact of increasing research and guideline cautions against long-term use.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined changes in patterns of benzodiazepine use in British Columbia over a period of increasing evidence of harms associated with long-term use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using linked administrative databases for the years 1996 and 2006, we performed logistic regression to examine how socio-economic and health factors affect the likelihood of benzodiazepine use and long-term use, and to test for changes in rates of use and long-term use over time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2006, 8.4% of British Columbians used benzodiazepines, 3.5% long-term. Use was positively related with being female, lower income, older, and of poorer health status. Long-term use was positively associated with being in the lowest income quintile, of poorest health, and over the age of 65. While the rate of long-term use decreased from 1996 to 2006 for those over age 70, it increased in middle-aged populations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest, despite increased awareness of and cautions regarding risks associated with long-term use of benzodiazepines, rates of potentially inappropriate use have changed very little over a decade. Given that early use of benzodiazepines is positively associated with later long-term use, policies targeting populations younger than conventionally studied (i.e. those under age 65) may be needed to decrease rates of long-term use.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Canada. ccunningham@chspr.ubc.ca
authors.forename: Colleen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Gillian E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Hanley
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001955:British Columbia; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D057970:Inappropriate Prescribing / Q000639:trends*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001569:Benzodiazepines