title: Pneumonectomy is a valuable treatment option after neoadjuvant therapy for stage III non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mortality of pneumonectomy after chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer is reported to be as high as 26%. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients undergoing these procedures in 2 specialized thoracic centers to determine the outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analyses were performed of all patients who underwent pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer from 1998 to 2007. Presurgical treatment consisted of 3-4 platin-based doublets alone in 20% of patients or combined with radiotherapy (45Gy) to the tumor and mediastinum in 80% of patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 827 patients who underwent neoadjuvant therapy, 176 pneumonectomies were performed, including 138 (78%) extended resections. Post-induction pathologic stages were 0 in 36 patients (21%), I in 33 patients (19%), II in 38 patients (21%), III in 57 patients (32%), and IV in 12 patients (7%). Three patients died of pulmonary embolism, 2 patients of respiratory failure, and 1 patient of cardiac failure, resulting in a 90 postoperative day mortality rate of 3%; 23 major complications occurred in 22 patients (13%). For the overall population, 3-year survival was 43% and 5-year survival was 38%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pneumonectomy after neoadjuvant therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer can be performed with a perioperative mortality rate of 3%. Thus, the need of a pneumonectomy for complete resection alone should not be a reason to exclude patients from a potentially curative procedure if done in an experienced center. The 5-year survival of 38%, which can be achieved, justifies extended surgery within a multimodality concept for selected patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland. walter.weder@usz.ch
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weder
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Collaud
authors.forename: Wilfried E E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Eberhardt
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hillinger
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Welter
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stahel
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stamatis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate