title: Impact of bolus volume on small intestinal intra-luminal impedance in healthy subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the impact of bolus volume on the characteristics of small intestinal (SI) impedance signals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concurrent SI manometry-impedance measurements were performed on 12 healthy volunteers to assess the pattern of proximal jejunal fluid bolus movement over a 14 cm-segment. Each subject was given 34 boluses of normal saline (volume from 1 to 30 mL) via the feeding tube placed immediately above the proximal margin of the studied segment. A bolus-induced impedance event occurred if there was > 12% impedance drop from baseline, over > or = 3 consecutive segments within 10 s of bolus injection. A minor or major impedance event was defined as a duration of impedance drop < 60 s or > or = 60 s, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The minimum volume required for a detectable SI impedance event was 2 mL. A direct linear relationship between the SI bolus volume and the occurrence of impedance events was noted until SI bolus volume reached 10 mL, a volume which always produced an impedance flow event. There was a moderate correlation between the bolus volume and the duration of impedance drop (r = 0.63, P < 0.0001) and the number of propagated channels (r = 0.50, P < 0.0001). High volume boluses were associated with more major impedance events (> or = 10 mL boluses = 63%, 3 mL boluses = 17%, and < 3 mL boluses = 0%, P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bolus volume had an impact on the type and length of propagation of SI impedance events and a threshold of 2 mL is required to produce an event.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide 5000, Australia. quoc.nguyen@health.sa.gov.au
authors.forename: Nam Q
authors.initials: NQ
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Laura K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: Carly M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Burgstad
authors.forename: Robert-J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sifrim
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Holloway
mesh_terms: D017097:Electric Impedance; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000502:physiology*; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D007583:Jejunum / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride