The role of neuroinflammation on the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Although the causative factors of PD remain elusive, many studies on PD animal models or humans suggest that glial activation along with neuroinflammatory processes contribute to the initiation or progression of PD. Additionally, several groups have proposed that dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) combined with infiltration of peripheral immune cells play important roles in the degeneration of DA neurons. However, these neuroinflammatory events have only been investigated separately, and the issue of whether these phenomena are neuroprotective or neurotoxic remains controversial. We here review the current knowledge regarding the functions of these neuroinflammatory processes in the brain. Finally, we describe therapeutic strategies for the regulation of neuroinflammation with the goal of improving the symptoms of PD.
Chung
Young Cheul
YC
Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Neurodegeneration Control Research Center, School of Medicine Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
Ko
Hyuk Wan
HW
Bok
Eugene
E
Park
Eun Soo
ES
Huh
Sue Hee
SH
Nam
Jin Han
JH
Jin
Byung Kwan
BK
D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy
D018836:Inflammation Mediators