title: Degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by free and nanoclay-immobilized manganese peroxidase from Anthracophyllum discolor.
abstract: Manganese peroxidase (MnP) produced by Anthracophyllum discolor, a Chilean white rot fungus, was immobilized on nanoclay obtained from volcanic soil and its ability to degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) compared with the free enzyme was evaluated. At the same time, nanoclay characterization was performed. Nanoclay characterization by transmission electronic microscopy showed a particle average size smaller than 100 nm. The isoelectric points (IEP) of nanoclay and MnP from A. discolor were 7.0 and 3.7, respectively, as determined by micro electrophoresis migration and preparative isoelectric focusing. Results indicated that 75% of the enzyme was immobilized on the nanoclay through physical adsorption. As compared to the free enzyme, immobilized MnP from A. discolor achieved an improved stability to temperature and pH. The activation energy (Ea) value for immobilized MnP (51.9 kJ mol(-1)) was higher than that of the free MnP (34.4 kJ mol(-1)). The immobilized enzyme was able to degrade pyrene (>86%), anthracene (>65%), alone or in mixture, and to a less extent fluoranthene (<15.2%) and phenanthrene (<8.6%). Compared to free MnP from A. discolor, the enzyme immobilized on nanoclay enhanced the enzymatic transformation of anthracene in soil. Overall results indicate that nanoclay, a carrier of natural origin, is a suitable support material for MnP immobilization. In addition, immobilized MnP shows an increased stability to high temperature, pH and time storage, as well as an enhanced PAHs degradation efficiency in soil. All these characteristics may suggest the possible use of nanoclay-immobilized MnP from A. discolor as a valuable option for in situ bioremediation purposes.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Avenida Francisco Salazar 01145, Temuco, Chile.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Acevedo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pizzul
authors.forename: M Dp
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cea
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gianfreda
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Diez
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000201:enzymology*; D002677:Chile; D000077215:Clay; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000737:chemistry*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010544:Peroxidases; C051129:manganese peroxidase; D000077215:Clay