title: Venous thromboembolism following prolonged cast immobilisation for injury to the tendo Achillis.
abstract: We report an audit of 208 patients with a mean age of 39 years (16 to 65) attending the Orthopaedic Assessment Unit at the Wellington Hospital between January 2006 and December 2007 with an injury of the tendo Achillis requiring immobilisation in a cast. Information on assessment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk, prophylactic measures and VTE events for all patients was obtained from the medical records. A VTE risk factor was documented in the records of three (1%) patients. One of the 208 patients received aspirin prophylaxis; none received low molecular weight heparin. In all, 13 patients (6.3%, 95% confidence interval 3.4 to 10.5) developed symptomatic VTE during immobilisation in a cast, including six with a distal deep-vein thrombosis (DVT), four with a proximal DVT, and three with a confirmed pulmonary embolus. This incidence of symptomatic VTE is similar to that reported following elective hip replacement. We propose that consideration is given to VTE prophylaxis during prolonged immobilisation of the lower limbs in a cast, to ensure that the same level of protection is provided as for patients undergoing elective hip replacement.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Institute of New Zealand, P. O. Box 10055, Wellington 6143, New Zealand. Bridget.healy@mrinz.ac.nz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weatherall
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon / Q000293:injuries*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002370:Casts, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008485:Medical Audit; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants