title: Extract of oregano, coffee, thyme, clove, and walnuts inhibits NF-kappaB in monocytes and in transgenic reporter mice.
abstract: The transcription factor NF-kappaB is a promising target for chemoprevention. Several dietary plants are efficient inhibitors of NF-kappaB activation in vitro and could act synergistically on the NF-kappaB signaling pathway. In this study, we tested whether dietary plant extracts could inhibit NF-kappaB activation in a synergistic manner in vitro. Second, we investigated the potency of the same dietary plant extracts in the inhibition of NF-kappaB activation in vivo. A combined extract of clove, oregano, thyme, walnuts, and coffee synergistically inhibited lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced NF-kappaB activation in a monocytic cell line, compared with the sum of effects from the single extracts. Transgenic NF-kappaB luciferase reporter mice were given a single dose of the combined extract and subsequently challenged with LPS. NF-kappaB activation was monitored by in vivo imaging for 6 hours. In addition, NF-kappaB activity in organs and the expression of immune-related genes in liver were investigated. Based on the area under the curve, the extract decreased whole body LPS-induced NF-kappaB activity the first 6 hours by 35% compared with control mice. Organ-specific NF-kappaB activation was inhibited in intestine, liver, testis, and epididymis of the mice receiving the combination extract. In addition, dietary plants reduced the expression of genes related to inflammation, cell migration, and proliferation in liver. This study shows that dietary plants may be potent modulators of NF-kappaB signaling both in vitro and in vivo, and thus support further investigation of consumption of these plant foods as part of a healthy diet or as a mode of chemoprevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingvild
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paur
authors.forename: Trude R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Balstad
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolberg
authors.forename: Marit K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Liv M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Austenaa
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Rune
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blomhoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003069:Coffee; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D031324:Juglans; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D031341:Origanum; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012372:ROC Curve; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D027842:Syzygium; D046930:Thymus Plant
chemical_list: D003069:Coffee; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger