title: Surgical procedures for hepatolithiasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to explore the surgical treatment for hepatolithiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 1431 consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment from January 2000 to December 2006 in West China Hospital were collected retrospectively and analyzed. Surgical procedures included T-tube insertion combined intraoperative cholangioscopic removal of intrahepatic stones, hepatectomy, cholangiojejunostomy and liver transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1384 patients were performed T-tube insertion combined intraoperative and postoperative cholangioscopic removal of intrahepatic stones and the rate of residual stone was 11.5%. 370 patients were performed hepatectomy and the rate of residual stone was 2.7%. 23 patients were performed cholangiojejunostomy and the rate of residual stone was 26.1%. 15 patients of hepatolithiasis were performed liver transplantation, and they had survived from liver transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T-tube insertion combined intraoperative cholangioscopic removal of intrahepatic stones and cholangioscopic lithotripsy should be considered for patients of hepatolithiasis above all. Hepatic resection is optimal for patients with liver atrophy, liver abscess and biliary stricture. However, liver transplantation is a possible method for end-stage hepatolithiasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepato-Bilio-Pancreatology Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China. chenzheyu71@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: ZheYu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: RiXiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: YanLi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: LuNan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: TianFu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: NanSheng
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.lastname: Shu
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: ZhaoDa
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: XuBao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: WeiMing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pen
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bole
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002767:Cholecystostomy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007582:Jejunostomy; D020347:Lithiasis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult