title: Methylovulum miyakonense gen. nov., sp. nov., a type I methanotroph isolated from forest soil.
abstract: A novel methanotroph, designated strain HT12(T), was isolated from forest soil in Japan. Cells of strain HT12(T) were Gram-reaction-negative, aerobic, non-motile, coccoid and formed pale-brown colonies. The strain grew only with methane and methanol as sole carbon and energy sources. Cells grew at 5-34 °C (optimum 24-32 °C). The strain possessed both particulate and soluble methane monooxygenases and assimilated formaldehyde using the ribulose monophosphate pathway. The major cellular fatty acids were C(16 : 0) (46.9 %) and C(14 : 0) (34.2 %), whereas unsaturated C(16) fatty acids, typical of type I methanotrophs, were absent. Comparative 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that the most closely related strains were Methylosoma difficile LC 2(T) (93.1 % sequence similarity) and Methylobacter tundripaludum SV96(T) (92.6 % similarity). Phylogenetic analysis based on the pmoA gene indicated that strain HT12(T) formed a distinct lineage within the type I methanotrophs and analysis of the deduced pmoA amino acid sequence of strain HT12(T) showed that it had a 7 % divergence from that of its most closely related species. The DNA G+C content was 49.3 mol%. Based on this evidence, strain HT12(T) represents a novel species and genus of the family Methylococcaceae, for which the name Methylovulum miyakonense gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is HT12(T) ( = NBRC 106162(T)  = DSM 23269(T)  = ATCC BAA-2070(T)).
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yurimoto
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwake, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D001482:Base Composition; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D007564:Japan; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D000432:Methanol / Q000378:metabolism; D008772:Methylococcaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013696:Temperature; D014197:Trees
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D005557:Formaldehyde; D010105:Oxygenases; C021555:methane monooxygenase; D008697:Methane; D000432:Methanol