title: Acute kidney injury in the pediatric population.
abstract: The care of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill children shares several features with adult AKI with some critical distinctions: in both settings, however, the exact identification of renal dysfunction, in-depth knowledge of disparate risk factors and patient-specific management are the primary targets in order to provide optimal care. This article will specifically review recent work published on pediatric AKI about definition and epidemiology, the possible etiologies in specific conditions, and the newest laboratory investigations necessary to diagnose AKI severity. A short description of pediatric renal replacement therapies and their potential application to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation will also be described.
authors.forename: Cristiana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garisto
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Favia
authors.forename: Zaccaria
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Averardi
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Picardo
authors.forename: Dinna N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Cruz
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016638:Critical Illness; D004231:Diuresis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000379:methods*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood; D009846:Oliguria / Q000209:etiology; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D004232:Diuretics; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D003404:Creatinine