title: Evolving central hypothyroidism in children with optic nerve hypoplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) are at high risk for early-onset congenital central hypothyroidism (CH); however, reports of evolving, late-onset CH are rare and poorly documented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the clinical and biochemical data of children with ONH who developed CH after documented normal thyroid function tests at an earlier age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children who developed late-onset CH were selected for review from an observational study (n = 214) that examined clinical risk factors for endocrinological abnormalities in children with ONH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients with ONH developed CH between the ages of 20-51 months. One child at age 28 months developed CH within 4 months of prior normal thyroid function tests. There were no associations among clinical, neuroradiographical, vision, and/or pituitary outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with ONH may develop CH over time, and surveillance thyroid function tests may be necessary as frequently as every four months.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles and Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, USA. nina.ma@childrens.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Nina S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Cassandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Mitchell E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Geffner
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borchert
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003409:Congenital Hypothyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D014787:Vision Tests