title: Predictors of relapse in the second follow-up year post cognitive-behavior therapy for panic disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate predictors of relapse two years after a brief cognitive-behavior group therapy in patients with panic disorder who had failed to respond to pharmacologic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 56 patients with panic disorder were followed who had met remission criteria at 1 year evaluation after 12 sessions of cognitive-behavior group therapy. Demographic and clinical features and life stressors were investigated as predictors of relapse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the 2 year assessment, 39 (70%) patients maintained remission status and use of medication was reduced significantly, such that 36 (64%) patients were not undergoing any psychiatric treatment. Among all independent variables investigated, only "conflict" as a stressful life event, RR = 3.20 (CI95% 1.60; 7.20 - p = 0.001), and the severity or residual anxiety symptoms, RR = 3.60 for each scale point (CI95% 1.02; 1.08 - p < 0.001), emerged as nonredundant predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of the high treatment gains across two years of follow-up, clinicians should pay attention to stress management and to the role of residual symptoms during this period. Results were discussed in the context of treatment cost-efficacy and potential strategies to prolong treatment gains from cognitive-behavior group therapy.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. eliz.h@globo.com
authors.forename: Elizeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Heldt
authors.forename: Letícia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kipper
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blaya
authors.forename: Giovanni A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Salum
authors.forename: Vânia N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Hirakata
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: Gisele G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Manfro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors