Review: Gp-340/DMBT1 in mucosal innate immunity.
Deleted in Malignant Brain Tumour 1 (DMBT1) is a gene that encodes alternatively spliced proteins involved in mucosal innate immunity. It also encodes a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 340 kDa, and is referred to as gp-340 (DMBT1(gp340)) and salivary agglutinin (DMBT1(SAG)). DMBT1(gp340) is secreted into broncho-alveolar surface lining fluid whereas DMBT(SAG) is present in the saliva. The two molecules were shown to be identical and both interact with and agglutinate several Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria including Streptococcus mutans, a bacterium responsible for caries in the oral cavity. DMBT1(gp340) interacts with surfactant proteins A and D (SP-D). DMBT1(gp340) and SP-D can individually and together interact and agglutinate influenza A virus. DMBT1(gp340) also binds to HIV-1 and facilitates transcytosis of the virus into epithelial cells. DMBT1 binds to a variety of other host proteins, including serum and secretory IgA, C1q, lactoferrin, MUC5B and trefoil factor 2 (TFF2), all molecules with involvement in innate immunity and/or wound-healing processes. Recent generation of Dmbt1-deficient mice has provided the research field of DMBT1 with a model that allows research to progress from in vitro studies to in vivo functional studies of the multifunctional proteins encoded by the DMBT1 gene.
Madsen
Jens
J
University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, UK. j.madsen@southampton.ac.uk
Mollenhauer
Jan
J
Holmskov
Uffe
U
D000371:Agglutination / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D037222:Collectins / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000276:immunology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000276:immunology*; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000276:immunology
D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D037222:Collectins; C108174:DMBT1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C000604007:TFF2 protein, human; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins