title: A tumor-like lesion mimicking mucinous (colloid) carcinoma in heterotopic pancreas of the prepyloric antrum: a formidable challenge for frozen examination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Heterotopic pancreas is defined as the presence of pancreatic tissue, outside its usual location, which lacks anatomical and vascular continuity with the pancreas proper. Despite the development of modern diagnostic procedures, it is still difficult to differentiate heterotopic pancreas from benign or malignant tumors and other tumor-like lesions. Frozen examination of mucinous lesions arising from heterotopic pancreas may represent a diagnostic problem. A decision may be very difficult and it is sometimes impossible to decide on the basis of the frozen sections whether a lesion is benign or malignant.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a tumor-like lesion mimicking a mucinous (colloid) carcinoma arising in heterotopic pancreatic tissue in the prepyloric antrum of a 56-year-old woman which was found incidentally during an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy for cholelithiasis. The tumor was treated by wedge resection and, in the frozen section examination, there were pancreatic ducts in the proper muscle layer, pancreatic acini with islets of Langerhans under the serosal surface and mucinous lakes close to the heterotopic pancreatic tissue and to a peripheral nerve.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significance of this unusual lesion is its potential confusion with mucinous (colloid) carcinoma or other mucous tumors. Such confusion is more likely to occur if the tissue sample is selective or limited, and the presence of pancreatic tissue cannot be verified. Therefore, we believe that a choice of local excision, wedge resection or more extensive eradication be determined only after intraoperative, pathological confirmation of the complete and accurate diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Turkey Yuksek Ihtisas Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. zteke_md@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Zafer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Teke
authors.forename: Neslihan Inci
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Zengin
authors.forename: Fuat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: Kerem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: Ali Eba
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Demirbag
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akdogan
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000473:pathology*; D002828:Choristoma / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000473:pathology; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000473:pathology*