title: Fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection with sperm with subnormal morphology using strict criteria results in lower live delivered pregnancy rates following frozen embryo transfer rather than eggs fertilized conventionally.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if fertilization by intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) lowers pregnancy rates following frozen embryo transfer compared to conventional insemination similar to findings with fresh embryo transfer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and live delivered pregnancy and implantation rates were compared according to whether the eggs were fertilized by conventional oocyte insemination vs ICSI over a 10-year period in women whose husbands had normal semen parameters except for having normal strict morphology between 2-5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical and live delivered pregnancy rates were 40.9% and 31.9, respectively, with ICSI vs. 44.2% and 38.3% for women having conventional insemination. The difference in live delivered pregnancy rates approached statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Choosing ICSI for subnormal morphology may not only possibly lower the chance of successful pregnancy following fresh embryo transfer but possibly also following frozen embryo transfer.
authors.affiliation: The University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School at Camden, Cooper Hospital/University Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Camden, NJ, USA. laurie@ccivf.com
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Check
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dix
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bollendorf
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Check
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D050498:Live Birth; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013076:Sperm Count; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic