title: Synergistic effects of hyperbaric oxygen and granulocytecolony stimulating factor on postoperative adhesion formation in a rat cecal abrasion model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the synergistic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) on adhesion formation in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (250-350 g) were divided into 4 groups. In group-1, no further management was undertaken. Group-2 received HBO therapy, group-3 was treated with 50 ug/kg subcutaneous G-CSF once daily for 7 days following laparatomy and cecal abrasion and group-4 was given both G-CSF and HBO therapies. On the 7th day, all rats were sacrificed and adhesions were scored. Tissue samples from adhesions and peritonea and cecum wall were examined both pathologically and biochemically for tissue hydroxyproline content.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No mortality occurred in study groups. When the groups were evaluated according to the adhesion numbers and grades, there was a statistically significant difference between the control and groups 3 and 4 (P < 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between groups 1 and 2 (p > 0.05). HBO + G-CSF group was significantly different from control, HBO and G-CSF groups, regarding hydroxyproline contents (p = 0.005). Inflammation and fibrosis did not differ significantly among the groups (p = 0.248), (p = 0.213).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HBO treatment could not reduce the adhesion formation alone. Combined use of HBO and G-CSF, has a markedly preventive effect on postoperative adhesion formation (Tab. 1, Fig. 2, Ref. 57).
authors.affiliation: Gulhane Military Medical Academy, General Surgery, Ankara, Turkey. cankece@gmail.com
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kece
authors.forename: Fahrettin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yildiz
authors.forename: Abdurrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simsek
authors.forename: M Tahir
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Salih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deveci
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozgurtas
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadir
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Ozgur
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Nail
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ersoz
authors.forename: Turgut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tufan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000069585:Filgrastim; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000378:metabolism; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000069585:Filgrastim; D006909:Hydroxyproline