title: Adhesion of endodontic sealers to human root dentine submitted to different surface treatments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the adhesion of the endodontic sealers Epiphany, Apexit Plus, and AH Plus to root canal dentin submitted to different surface treatments, by using the push-out test.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-eight root cylinders obtained from maxillary canines were embedded in acrylic resin, had the canals prepared, and were randomly assigned to four groups (n = 32), according to root dentin treatment: (I) distilled water (control), (II) 17% EDTAC, (III) 1% NaOCl and (IV) Er:YAG laser with 16-Hz, 400-mJ input (240-mJ output) and 0.32-J/cm(2) energy density. Each group was divided into four subgroups (n = 8) filled with Epiphany (either dispensed from the automix syringe supplied by the manufacturer or prepared by hand mixing), Apexit Plus, or AH Plus. Data (MPa) were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant difference (p < 0.01) was found among the root-canal sealers, except for the Epiphany subgroups, which had statistically similar results to each other (p > 0.01): AH Plus (4.77 +/- 0.85), Epiphany/hand mixed (3.06 +/- 1.34), Epiphany/automix syringe (2.68 +/- 1.35), and Apexit Plus (1.22 +/- 0.33). A significant difference (p < 0.01) was found among the dentin surface treatments. The highest adhesion values were obtained with AH Plus when root dentin was treated with Er:YAG laser and 17% EDTAC. Epiphany sealer presented the lowest adhesion values to root dentin treated with 17% EDTAC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The resin-based sealers had different adhesive behaviors, depending on the treatment of root canal walls. The mode of preparation of Epiphany (automix syringe or hand mixing) did not influence sealer adhesion to root dentin.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto (UNAERP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gisele Aihara
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Haragushiku
authors.forename: Manoel D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sousa-Neto
authors.forename: Yara T C
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Silva-Sousa
authors.forename: Edson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alfredo
authors.forename: Silvio Correa
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Ricardo Gariba
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003804:Dentin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D053844:Lasers, Solid-State; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C074418:Apexit; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; C486893:epiphany sealer; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide