title: Joint effect of hypertension and APOE genotype on CSF biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: We examined the impact of hypertension on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers amyloid-beta1-42 (Abeta42), total tau (tau), and phosphorylated tau at threonine 181 (ptau-181), and assessed the modifying role of APOE genotype in this relation in 546 patients (mean age 65 +/- 10, 47% female) from our memory-clinic. Of these patients 150 had subjective complaints, 140 were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment, and 256 with Alzheimer's disease. Linear regression analyses adjusted for age, gender, and diagnosis showed that the association of hypertension with tau and ptau-181 was modified by APOE genotype (p-values for interaction p< 0.05). In APOE epsilon4 homozygotes (n=74), and to a lesser extent in APOE epsilon4 heterozygotes, hypertension was associated with higher tau and ptau-181 levels; beta (95%CI) were 188 (11; 364) pg/mL and 22 (3; 42) pg/mL for the APOE epsilon4 homozygotes. Hypertension was not associated with Abeta42 levels, and APOE genotype did not modify this relation. Our findings suggest that hypertension is directly related to tau pathology in APOE epsilon4 homozygous carriers.
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer Center and Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.kester@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Maartje I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kester
authors.forename: Wiesje M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: van der Flier
authors.forename: Gorana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mandic
authors.forename: Marinus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Blankenstein
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
authors.forename: Majon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000235:genetics; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D012307:Risk Factors; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins