O-GlcNAc signaling: a metabolic link between diabetes and cancer?
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a sugar attachment to serine or threonine hydroxyl moieties on nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins. In many ways, O-GlcNAcylation is similar to phosphorylation because both post-translational modifications cycle rapidly in response to internal or environmental cues. O-GlcNAcylated proteins are involved in transcription, translation, cytoskeletal assembly, signal transduction, and many other cellular functions. O-GlcNAc signaling is intertwined with cellular metabolism; indeed, the donor sugar for O-GlcNAcylation (UDP-GlcNAc) is synthesized from glucose, glutamine, and UTP via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway. Emerging research indicates that O-GlcNAc signaling and its crosstalk with phosphorylation are altered in metabolic diseases, such as diabetes and cancer.
Slawson
C
C
The Department of Biological Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725N. Wolfe St. Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Copeland
R J
RJ
Hart
G W
GW
D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D006595:Hexosamines; D007328:Insulin; D000117:Acetylglucosamine
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