title: [Neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung: a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge].
abstract: A 53-year-old female patient presented with cough and hoarseness for 3 years. Based on a biopsy of a bronchial tumor, a small cell neuroendocrine tumor of the lung was diagnosed and chemotherapy with etoposide and cisplatin was initiated. As the tumor progressed under chemotherapy, the bronchial biopsy was reevaluated and further biopsies of liver and adrenal metastases were obtained. The diagnosis was corrected, and an atypical neuroendocrine bronchial carcinoma was diagnosed. Under octreotide therapy, the patient remained stable for 1 year, when a discrete progress of the primary tumor in the lung was observed. Treatment with the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor everolimus was then initiated. Based on this case, the diagnostic criteria, prognostic factors and therapeutic options of neuroendocrine bronchial carcinomas are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Innere Medizin I und Klinische Chemie, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Böttger
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Warth
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Nawroth
authors.forename: Berend
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Isermann
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000473:pathology; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000378:metabolism; D002283:Carcinoma, Bronchogenic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary*; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D015282:Octreotide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D002116:Calcitonin; D015282:Octreotide; D020123:Sirolimus
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