title: Exploring the impact of evolving health policy on independent pharmacy ownership in England.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the impact of policy and contractual changes on community pharmacy ownership in England.
  
  
  METHODS
  North West of England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty nine male pharmacists were interviewed between September 2007 and February. 2008. The study involved semi-structured face to face interviews with theoretically sampled respondents. Data were analysed using the constant comparative method.
  
  
  METHODS
  English community pharmacists' opinions and experiences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Practice ownership attracted some respondents to pharmacy as a career. Respondents considered that a combination of legislative and policy changes in combination with contractual alterations had decreased the profitability of independent pharmacy businesses. Additionally, it seemed that community pharmacy corporate groups were able to out bid individual pharmacists for community pharmacy businesses. A proportion of respondents had sold community pharmacy businesses recently, in some cases in response to contractual and policy changes. Some considered that the declining proportion of independent pharmacies was likely to limit patient choice as well as affecting the profession. Some felt this made pharmacy a less attractive career choice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that recent policy and contractual changes have favoured the multiple community pharmacy sector in England, resulting in a declining proportion of independent community pharmacies. Policy makers must consider the far reaching consequences of this for pharmacists, the profession and patient choice.
authors.affiliation: Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, John Arbuthnott Building, University of Strathclyde, Taylor Street, Glasgow G4 0NR, Scotland, UK. WendyGidman@btinternet.com
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gidman
mesh_terms: D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000639:trends; D003625:Data Collection; D004739:England; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010067:Ownership / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000639:trends; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D000078329:Workforce
references.citation: BMJ. 1995 Jul 1;311(6996):42-5
references.pmid: 7613329
references.citation: Res Social Adm Pharm. 2009 Dec;5(4):305-18
references.pmid: 19962674
references.citation: Health Policy. 2005 Dec;75(1):9-17
references.pmid: 16298225
references.citation: BMJ. 1998 Apr 18;316(7139):1230-2
references.pmid: 9583929
references.citation: J Health Serv Res Policy. 2009 Jul;14(3):141-9
references.pmid: 19541872
references.citation: Res Social Adm Pharm. 2007 Sep;3(3):285-302
references.pmid: 17945159