title: Diplopia and strabismus following ocular surgeries.
abstract: Postoperative diplopia and strabismus may result from a variety of ocular surgical procedures. Common underlying mechanisms include sensory disturbance, scarring, direct extraocular muscle injury, myotoxicity from injections of local anesthesia or antibiotics, and malpositioning of extraocular muscles by implant materials. The most common patterns are vertical and horizontal motility disturbance. Treatment options include prisms, botulinum, occlusion, or surgery.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey 07103, USA.
authors.forename: Suqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Rudolph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gewirtz
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maxwell
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pokorny
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tutela
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caputo
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zarbin
mesh_terms: D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013285:Strabismus / Q000209:etiology*