title: Cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions in Andhra Pradesh state of India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information on cost-effectiveness of the range of HIV prevention interventions is a useful contributor to decisions on the best use of resources to prevent HIV. We conducted this assessment for the state of Andhra Pradesh that has the highest HIV burden in India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on data from a representative sample of 128 public-funded HIV prevention programs of 14 types in Andhra Pradesh, we have recently reported the number of HIV infections averted by each type of HIV prevention intervention and their cost. Using estimates of the age of onset of HIV infection, we used standard methods to calculate the cost per Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) saved as a measure of cost-effectiveness of each type of HIV prevention intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The point estimates of the cost per DALY saved were less than US $50 for blood banks, men who have sex with men programmes, voluntary counselling and testing centres, prevention of parent to child transmission clinics, sexually transmitted infection clinics, and women sex worker programmes; between US $50 and 100 for truckers and migrant labourer programmes; more than US $100 and up to US $410 for composite, street children, condom promotion, prisoners and workplace programmes and mass media campaign for the general public. The uncertainty range around these estimates was very wide for several interventions, with the ratio of the high to the low estimates infinite for five interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The point estimates for the cost per DALY saved from the averted HIV infections for all interventions was much lower than the per capita gross domestic product in this Indian state. While these indicative cost-effectiveness estimates can inform HIV control planning currently, the wide uncertainty range around estimates for several interventions suggest the need for more firm data for estimating cost-effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions in India.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Foundation of India, ISID Campus, 4 Institutional Area, Vasant Kunj, New Delhi 110070, India. lalit.dandona@phfi.org
authors.forename: Lalit
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dandona
authors.forename: S G Prem
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: G Anil
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Rakhi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dandona
mesh_terms: D057186:Comparative Effectiveness Research; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years
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