title: Activation of working memory in patients at the earliest stage of multiple sclerosis--an fMRI study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous fMRI studies on activation of working memory in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients presented heterogeneous results. Patients were reported to have altered brain activation patterns either in typical working memory circuits or in other brain regions even if they did not have any cognitive impairment according to the test batteries. We hypothesized that brain activation patterns in patients at a very early stage of the disease at very low EDSS-Score would not differ from healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 13 patients at an early stage of MS matched with 13 healthy controls with a detailed psychometric test battery and an fMRI working memory paradigm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients and healthy controls did not differ in psychometric test batteries. In both groups those cortex areas typically involved in working memory processes like dorso-lateral prefrontal (DLPFC), ventro-lateral-prefrontal (VLPFC), fronto-medial and parietal cortex areas (Brodmann 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 32, 40, 45, 46, 47) were equally activated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to former studies we found no differences in activation patterns in the fMRI scanning measuring working memory tasks between psychometrically tested homogenous groups of patients in early stages of MS and control subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Alfried Krupp von Bohlen und Halbach Hospital, Alfried-Krupp-Strasse 21, 45117 Essen, Germany. hannes.meyn@gmx.de
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meyn
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Greiff
authors.forename: Rolf R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Diehl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000473:pathology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D055815:Young Adult