title: Relationships between maximum holding time and ratings of pain and exertion differ for static and dynamic tasks.
abstract: Ratings of perceived discomfort (0 to 10 scale) have been used to estimate relative maximum holding times (%MHT), particularly for static tasks. A linear 1:10% ratio has been described, where a rating of 5 corresponds to 50%MHT. It is unknown whether this linear ratio is valid for dynamic tasks. Additionally, whether pain or exertion are the primary predictors of discomfort is not clear. Thus, the goal of this study was to investigate both pain and exertion ratings during static (50% maximum; N=42) and dynamic (75% maximum; N=34) elbow flexion tasks until failure. Gender, self-reported physical activity, and peak torque were also assessed. Pain and exertion ratings reasonably matched the 1:10% ratio during the static task but not during the dynamic task. Exertion related more strongly to MHT than pain in both tasks. Neither gender nor activity level appeared to influence perceptual ratings, but peak torque explained approximately 20% of the variance in MHT.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, 1-252 Medical Education Building, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. laura-freylaw@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Frey Law
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tara R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: McMullen
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D010146:Pain / Q000145:classification* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
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