title: Parity is not associated with urgency with or without urinary incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evidence varies on the relation between parity and urgency or urge incontinence (UUI). We used data from the General Longitudinal Overactive Bladder Evaluation to determine whether differences in case definitions could account for variation in findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We simulated case criteria to correspond to studies of urgency, UUI, and parity using data from 1,880 patients. Logistic models were run for each case-control scenario corresponding to previously used case definitions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Parity was significantly associated with urgency (odds ratios (OR) 1.70; CI: 1.30-2.22) and UUI (odds ratios (OR) 1.87; CI: 1.34-2.60) only when the case criteria included individuals with stress incontinence (SUI). Parity was not associated with UUI when individuals with SUI were excluded or with urgency when individuals with incontinence were excluded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither urgency nor UUI symptoms appear to be associated with parity among women 40 years of age and older. Previous associations appear to be explained by inclusion of individuals with SUI.
authors.affiliation: Geisinger Clinic, Center for Health Research, 100 N. Academy Ave. MC 44-00, Danville, PA 17822, USA. aghirsch@geisinger.edu
authors.forename: Annemarie G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Vatche A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Minassian
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dilley
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sartorius
authors.forename: Walter F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D053202:Urinary Incontinence, Urge / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
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