title: Musculoskeletal manifestations of diabetes mellitus.
abstract: The musculoskeletal conditions most commonly associated with diabetes are discussed below. One or more pathogenic mechanisms may be implicated in an association of a musculoskeletal condition with diabetes. Some rheumatological conditions are exclusive to diabetes whilst others occur more frequently in the diabetic population compared with non-diabetics. Whilst some musculoskeletal conditions may be managed conventionally when associated with diabetes, others may require special considerations. There is a preponderance of rheumatological manifestations of diabetes in the upper limb, although some conditions occur throughout the skeletal system.
authors.affiliation: SP Medical College and A Hospitals, Rheumatology Clinic, Bikaner 334003.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gauri
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fatima
mesh_terms: D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy