title: Clinical correlates of comorbid obsessive-compulsive disorder and depression in youth.
abstract: A burgeoning body of literature addresses the comorbidity of depression and OCD in adults. The purpose of this study was to extend this area of research to children and adolescents by examining the clinical correlates associated with co-occurring depressive disorders in a clinical sample of youth with OCD. Participants included children and adolescents seeking treatment at a university-based research clinic. One group was comprised of 28 children (ages 10-17 years) who met diagnostic criteria for OCD but had no comorbid depressive disorders, whereas the second group consisted of 28 children matched for age and gender who met diagnostic criteria for OCD and co-occurring depressive disorder. The two groups were compared on measures of broad-band psychopathology, internalizing problems, social difficulties, and family characteristics. As anticipated, findings revealed comorbid depression and OCD was associated with more severe internalizing problems, more extensive obsessive-compulsive symptomatology, and more social problems. Youth with comorbid depression and OCD also had higher family conflict and lower family organization compared to those with OCD and no depression. These results may have implications for the treatment of youth with comorbid OCD and depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA. canavera@vt.edu
authors.forename: Kristin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Canavera
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Ollendick
authors.forename: Jill T Ehrenreich
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Donna B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Pincus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
references.citation: Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006 Jun;256(4):240-5
references.pmid: 16683062
references.citation: Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Dec;28(8):1447-71
references.pmid: 18973971
references.citation: Psychol Med. 2001 Apr;31(3):481-7
references.pmid: 11305856
references.citation: Behav Res Ther. 1997 Jun;35(6):569-81
references.pmid: 9159982
references.citation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2007 Apr-Jun;36(2):207-16
references.pmid: 17484693
references.citation: Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005 Oct;59(5):533-8
references.pmid: 16194254
references.citation: Am J Prev Med. 2006 Dec;31(6 Suppl 1):S104-25
references.pmid: 17175406
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Apr;36(4):554-65
references.pmid: 9100431
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 May;47(5):583-592
references.pmid: 18356759
references.citation: Compr Psychiatry. 2002 May-Jun;43(3):204-9
references.pmid: 11994838
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1992 Jan;31(1):117-24
references.pmid: 1537762
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996 Dec;35(12):1637-46
references.pmid: 8973071
references.citation: Clin Psychol Rev. 2008 Jan;28(1):118-130
references.pmid: 17531365
references.citation: Behav Res Ther. 1990;28(6):487-95
references.pmid: 2076086
references.citation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2006 Sep;35(3):446-55
references.pmid: 16836482
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1986 Mar;14(1):25-39
references.pmid: 3950219
references.citation: Child Fam Behav Ther. 2009 Jan;31(1):20-37
references.pmid: 19617930
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 1997 Oct;46(1):15-23
references.pmid: 9387083
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1990 Oct;18(5):527-47
references.pmid: 2266224
references.citation: J Clin Psychol. 2004 Nov;60(11):1133-41
references.pmid: 15389622
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1999 Feb;27(1):77-85
references.pmid: 10197408
references.citation: Psychiatry Res. 1992 May;42(2):111-20
references.pmid: 1631248
references.citation: Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 1993 Fall;24(1):49-57
references.pmid: 8404245
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1997 Aug;25(4):333-44
references.pmid: 9304449
references.citation: Cogn Behav Ther. 2005;34(3):164-75
references.pmid: 16195055
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 2007 Sep;102(1-3):73-9
references.pmid: 17222458
references.citation: Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 1998 Jun;1(2):125-44
references.pmid: 11324302
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1979 Apr;47(2):223-33
references.pmid: 469068
references.citation: Depress Anxiety. 2004;20(2):86-91
references.pmid: 15390212
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2007 Feb 1;61(3):344-7
references.pmid: 17241830
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Oct;47(10):1173-81
references.pmid: 18724255
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998 Nov;37(11):1152-60
references.pmid: 9808926
references.citation: Clin Psychol Rev. 1997;17(1):47-67
references.pmid: 9125367
references.citation: J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997 Jun;36(6):844-52
references.pmid: 9183141
references.citation: J Anxiety Disord. 2010 Mar;24(2):275-83
references.pmid: 20056376
references.citation: J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol. 2005 Sep;34(3):380-411
references.pmid: 16026211
references.citation: Psychiatry Res. 2004 Jul 15;127(3):267-78
references.pmid: 15296826