title: Ventilatory patterning in a mouse model of stroke.
abstract: Cheyne-Stokes respiration (CSR) is a breathing pattern characterized by waxing and waning of breath volume and frequency, and is often recognized following stroke, when causal pathways are often obscure. We used an animal model to address the hypothesis that cerebral infarction is a mechanism for producing breathing instability. Fourteen male A/J mice underwent either stroke (n=7) or sham (n=7) procedure. Ventilation was measured using whole body plethysmography. Respiratory rate (RR), tidal volume (V(T)) and minute ventilation (V(e)) mean values and coefficient of variation were computed for ventilation and oscillatory behaviors. In addition, the ventilatory data were computationally fit to models to quantify autocorrelation, mutual information, sample entropy and a nonlinear complexity index. At the same time post-procedure, stroke when compared to sham animal breathing consisted of a lower RR and autocorrelation, higher coefficient of variation for V(T) and higher coefficient of variation for V(e). Mutual information and the nonlinear complexity index were higher in breathing following stroke which also demonstrated a waxing/waning pattern. The absence of stroke in the sham animals was verified anatomically. We conclude that ventilatory pattern following cerebral infarction demonstrated increased variability with increased nonlinear patterning and a waxing/waning pattern, consistent with CSR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Louis Stokes Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. brian.koo@uhhospitals.org
authors.forename: Brian B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Kingman P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Strohl
authors.forename: Carl B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Gillombardo
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Jacono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002639:Cheyne-Stokes Respiration / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D019277:Entropy; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008805:Mice, Inbred A; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013990:Tidal Volume
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