title: Mirid bug outbreaks in multiple crops correlated with wide-scale adoption of Bt cotton in China.
abstract: Long-term ecological effects of transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crops on nontarget pests have received limited attention, more so in diverse small holder-based cropping systems of the developing world. Field trials conducted over 10 years in northern China show that mirid bugs (Heteroptera: Miridae) have progressively increased population sizes and acquired pest status in cotton and multiple other crops, in association with a regional increase in Bt cotton adoption. More specifically, our analyses show that Bt cotton has become a source of mirid bugs and that their population increases are related to drops in insecticide use in this crop. Hence, alterations of pest management regimes in Bt cotton could be responsible for the appearance and subsequent spread of nontarget pests at an agro-landscape level.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yanhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Kongming
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongqiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Kris A G
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wyckhuys
authors.forename: Yuyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002681:China; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003368:Gossypium / Q000235:genetics*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020062:Heteroptera; D007306:Insecticides; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011158:Population Growth
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007306:Insecticides; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis