title: Expression of adrenomedullin 2/intermedin, a possible reno-protective peptide, is decreased in the kidneys of rats with hypertension or renal failure.
abstract: Adrenomedullin 2/intermedin (AM2/IMD) is a potent vasodilator peptide with organ-protective effects and is abundantly expressed in the kidney. We examined the expression of AM2/IMD in the kidneys of rats with hypertension or chronic renal impairment using quantitative RT-PCR, radioimmunoassay, and immunohistochemistry. Kidneys of 8-wk-old male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were dissected into inner medulla, outer medulla, cortex, and glomerulus fractions. A rat renal impairment model was prepared by 5/6 nephrectomy in WKY rats. AM2/IMD mRNA levels were the highest in the cortex among four renal portions, and significantly lower in SHR than WKY rats in all renal portions. In the remnant kidneys of 5/6 nephrectomized rats, AM2/IMD mRNA levels were significantly decreased on days 3 and 56, whereas mRNA levels of calcitonin receptor-like receptor, receptor activity-modifying proteins-1 and -2, which form receptor for AM and AM2/IMD, were increased, compared with that in sham-operated rats. AM mRNA levels were decreased on day 3, but increased on day 56, after nephrectomy. Decreased immunoreactive AM2/IMD levels in the remnant kidneys of 5/6 nephrectomized rats on day 56 were confirmed by radioimmunoassay. The renal tubules were immunostained with anti-AM2/IMD antibody, with a decreased AM2/IMD immunostaining found in proximal tubular cells of 5/6 nephrectomized rats compared with sham-operated rats. In conclusion, intrarenal AM2/IMD expression is decreased in SHR and 5/6 nephrectomized rats. Given the organ-protective effects of AM2/IMD, the downregulation of AM2/IMD as an endogenous regulatory peptide may have a role in the progression of renal impairment.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku Univ. Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicine, 6-3 Aramaki-aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan. hirose-t@m.tains.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Totsune
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Metoki
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asayama
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikuya
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohzuki
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
mesh_terms: D053607:Adrenomedullin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009392:Nephrectomy; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000378:metabolism; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C499411:Adm2 protein, rat; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; C545580:Calcrl protein, rat; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D053607:Adrenomedullin