title: Characterization and in vitro cytocompatibility of an acid-etched titanium surface.
abstract: The aims of this study were to characterize the microstructure of a commercially pure titanium (cpTi) surface etched with HCl/H2SO4 (AE-cpTi) and to investigate its in vitro cytocompatibility compared to turned cpTi (T-cpTi). T-cpTi showed a grooved surface and AE-cpTi revealed a surface characterized by the presence of micropits. Surface parameters indicated that the AE-cpTi surface is more isotropic and present a greater area compared to T-cpTi. The oxide film thickness was similar between both surfaces; however, AE-cpTi presented more Ti and O and less C. Osteoblastic cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, and bone-like nodule formation were greater on T-cpTi than on AE-cpTi. These results show that acid etching treatment produced a surface with different topographical and chemical features compared to the turned one, and such surface modification affected negatively the in vitro cytocompatibility of cpTi as demonstrated by decreasing culture growth and expression of osteoblastic phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dental School, Catholic University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Daniel Rey de
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Paulo Sérgio Perri de
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Magro Filho
authors.forename: José Daniel Biasoli
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: de Mello
authors.forename: Márcio Mateus
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Beloti
authors.forename: Adalberto Luiz
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rosa
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000166:cytology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D007368:Interferometry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010641:Phenotype; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015415:Biomarkers; D003764:Dental Materials; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; C009495:titanium dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C033158:sulfuric acid; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid