title: Ear-acupressure for allergic rhinitis: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Allergic rhinitis affects 10-40% of the population globally with a substantial health and economic impact on the community.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness and safety of ear-acupuncture or ear-acupressure for the treatment of allergic rhinitis by reviewing randomised controlled trials and quasi-randomised controlled trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review followed the methods specified in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 21 electronic English and Chinese databases were searched from their respective inceptions to April 2008. Key words used in the search included the combination of ear, auricular, acupuncture, acupressure, acupoint, allergic, allergy, rhinitis, hayfever, randomised clinical trial and their synonyms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The methodological quality was assessed using Jadad's scale. The effect size analysis was performed to explore the difference between interventional groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-two research papers were identified and seven of them referring to five studies met the inclusion criteria. All included studies involved ear-acupressure treatment. These studies mentioned randomisation, but no details were given. None of the five studies used blinding or intention-to-treat analysis. Ear-acupressure was more effective than herbal medicine, as effective as body acupuncture or antihistamine for short-term effect, but it was more effective than anti-histamine for long-term effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The benefit of ear-acupressure for symptomatic relief of allergic rhinitis is unknown due to the poor quality of included studies.
authors.affiliation: WHO Collaborating Centre for Traditional Medicine, RMIT University, Bundoora, Vic., Australia.
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: F U K
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Thien
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lewith
authors.forename: Charlie Changli
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D019050:Acupressure / Q000379:methods*; D004423:Ear / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*