title: Lipids' peroxidation markers in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although a large body of evidence supports a role of oxidative stress in the etiopathogenesis of dementia, there is still a substantial lack of data regarding the biomarkers of oxidative stress characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) as opposed to different types of dementia. In this study, the level of various oxidative stress parameters were measured in AD, vascular dementia (VaD), and age- and sex-matched control patients. The AD and VaD patients all had similar levels of cognitive impairment as measured by the Mini-Mental State Examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty AD, 19 VaD and 29 controls patients were recruited to the study. Plasma levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), total sulfhydryl (T-SH), calcium (Ca(++)) and magnesium (Mg(++)) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both AD and VaD groups, the levels of oxidative stress parameters were higher compared with controls. Further, the VaD patients expressed significantly higher levels of plasma parameters of oxidative stress than AD. The difference was noted in MDA, the marker of lipid peroxidation, whereas in VaD the level of MDA was more than 2.8-fold higher than that registered in AD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vascular dementia in patients is characteristic of increased levels of oxidative stress, especially lipid peroxidation markers. This finding is relevant to determining the pathophysiology of dementia, particularly in the light of the recently suggested importance of the vascular component in dementia development, in addition to aiding in the diagnosis of VaD following clinical presentation. The study will be continued to compare the character and level of decline in both groups.
authors.affiliation: University Memory and Cognition Center, Neurological Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Beachwood, Ohio 44122, USA. kasiagu@yahoo.ca
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gustaw-Rothenberg
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kowalczuk
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stryjecka-Zimmer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium