title: Decreased plasma adiponectin concentrations in patients with syndrome X.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The levels of adiponectin, an anti-atherogenic protein, are decreased in patients with coronary artery disease. Syndrome X is associated with endothelial dysfunction, which is a key feature in the evolution of atherosclerosis. We sought to determine whether serum adiponectin levels are decreased in patients with syndrome X.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three syndrome X patients (14 men, 9 women) who presented with stable angina pectoris, had a positive non-invasive stress test or an abnormal myocardial perfusion scintigraphy single photon emission computed tomography (MPS SPECT) and a normal coronary angiogram, were included in our study, as were 17 asymptomatic healthy subjects (13 men, 4 women) with normal results from non-invasive stress testing. The serum adiponectin levels and lipid profiles of the patients and control subjects were determined with venous samples collected after a 12-hour fast. The results were analysed by a Mann Whitney U test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age (54.1 +/- 11.8 y in patients and 59.8 +/- 9.6 y in control subjects, P > 0.05) and body mass index (28.0 +/- 3.3 in patients and 27.1 +/- 4.2 in control subjects, P > 0.05) did not differ between the two groups. Adiponectin levels in patients with syndrome X (1.5 +/- 1.1 microg/dl) were significantly lower than those in the control group (5.3 +/- 2.9 microg/dl, P < 0.0001). Serum total cholesterol (TCHOL), triglyceride (TG), LDL, and HDL-cholesterol levels did not differ between the two groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum adiponectin levels were lower in patients with syndrome X, and these low adiponectin concentrations may cause endothelial dysfunction. Thus, patients with a marked drop in adiponectin levels may be considered at high risk for future coronary events and may therefore benefit from additional pharmacological treatment.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Cardiology, Pamukkale University Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Susam
authors.forename: Yalin Tolga
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Yaylali
authors.forename: Dursun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dursunoglu
authors.forename: Hidayet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Göksoy
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oztürk
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yaylali
authors.forename: Ender
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Semiz
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D055426:Cardiac-Gated Single-Photon Emission Computer-Assisted Tomography; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol