title: Efficacy and safety of NT 201 for upper limb spasticity of various etiologies--a randomized parallel-group study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess efficacy and safety of two dilutions of botulinum neurotoxin type A NT 201 (Xeomin®) in patients with upper limb spasticity of diverse etiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in functional disability and muscle tone from baseline to week 4 after NT 201 treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred ninety-two patients with stroke, brain injury, multiple sclerosis, or cerebral palsy were randomized to either 50 or 20 U/ml NT 201 dilutions. The maximum total NT 201 dose was 495 units. Four weeks post-injection, a ≥ 1-point reduction was observed on the Disability Assessment Scale in 57.1%, and on the Ashworth scale in ≥ 62.2% of patients. The 20 U/ml NT 201 dilution was non-inferior to the 50 U/ml NT 201 dilution. Global improvement was rated high by patients (80.2%) and investigators (89.0%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NT 201 improved functional disability and muscle tone and was well tolerated in patients with upper limb spasticity of diverse etiology in both dilutions.
authors.affiliation: 14 Rake House Farm, North Shields, UK. m.p.barnes@btinternet.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schnitzler
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehnert-Batar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minnasch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A; C545476:incobotulinumtoxinA