title: Effect of melatonin on neuroinflammation and acetylcholinesterase activity induced by LPS in rat brain.
abstract: Melatonin, which plays an important role in circadian rhythm regulation, is highly potent endogenous free radical scavenger and antioxidant. To determine the efficacy of melatonin in neuroinflammation induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of lipopolysachcharide (LPS, 50 microg), pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-1beta), and markers of oxidative stress (malondialdehyde and reduced glutathione) were studied in different brain regions (striatum, cerebral cortex, hippocampus and hypothalamus) of rat. To study the cholinergic intervention during neuroinflammatory conditions acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme activity was taken as marker of cholinergic activity. Melatonin (5 and 10 mg/kg, p.o.) decreased the LPS induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress in different brain regions. It was also found to inhibit the LPS induced increase in AChE activity. These results suggest the therapeutic potential of melatonin for neuroinflammation which is an integral part of neurodegenerative disorders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacology, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Ethika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Chandishwar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nath
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shukla
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D008550:Melatonin