Porcine bone used in sinus augmentation procedures: a 5-year retrospective clinical evaluation.
OBJECTIVE
Rehabilitation of the edentulous posterior maxilla with dental implants often represents a clinical challenge because of the insufficient bone volume resulting from pneumatization of the maxillary sinus and crestal bone resorption. The aim of this study was a retrospective clinical evaluation of maxillary sinus augmentation using porcine bone.


METHODS
One hundred twenty-one healthy patients with a noncontributory medical history were included in this study. All patients underwent sinus augmentation procedures with porcine bone. After a 4- to 6-month healing period, sandblasted and acid-etched implants were inserted.


RESULTS
All grafted sinuses healed without major complications, except for 2 that showed no regeneration at the time of implant placement. A total of 21 implants were lost, 8 after the second-stage surgery and 13 in the 5 years' follow-up after loading. The cumulative survival rate was 92% after a mean loading time of 5 years. Only minor peri-implant marginal bone resorption was found.


CONCLUSIONS
Within the limitations of this study, porcine bone can be used with success in sinus augmentation procedures, and rougher-surfaced implants are probably preferable.
Scarano
Antonio
A
Dental School, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy. ascarano@unich.it
Piattelli
Adriano
A
Assenza
Bartolomeo
B
Quaranta
Alessandro
A
Perrotti
Vittoria
V
Piattelli
Maurizio
M
Iezzi
Giovanna
G
D000818:Animals; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D015921:Dental Implants