title: Feline orofacial pain syndrome (FOPS): a retrospective study of 113 cases.
abstract: Feline orofacial pain syndrome (FOPS) is a pain disorder of cats with behavioural signs of oral discomfort and tongue mutilation. This report describes the findings from a case series of 113 cats including 100 Burmese. FOPS is suspected to be a neuropathic pain disorder and the predominance within the Burmese cat breed suggests an inherited disorder, possibly involving central and/or ganglion processing of sensory trigeminal information. The disease is characterised by an episodic, typically unilateral, discomfort with pain-free intervals. The discomfort is triggered, in many cases, by mouth movements. The disease is often recurrent and with time may become unremitting - 12% of cases in this series were euthanased as a consequence of the condition. Sensitisation of trigeminal nerve endings as a consequence of oral disease or tooth eruption appears to be an important factor in the aetiology - 63% of cases had a history of oral lesions and at least 16% experienced their first sign of discomfort during eruption of permanent teeth. External factors can also influence the disease as FOPS events could be directly linked to a situation causing anxiety in 20% of cats. FOPS can be resistant to traditional analgesics and in some cases successful management required anti-convulsants with an analgesic effect.
authors.affiliation: Stone Lion Veterinary Centre, 41 High Street, Wimbledon SW19 5AU, UK. euro.vet@btinternet.com
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rusbridge
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: Danièlle A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gunn-Moore
authors.forename: Susan Penelope
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Knowler
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Angus Kennedy
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: McFadyen
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002415:Cats; D005156:Facial Neuralgia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000473:pathology; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010375:Pedigree; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics
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