title: The N141I mutation in PSEN2: implications for the quintessential case of Alzheimer disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To connect a new family with early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) in Germany to the American Volga German pedigrees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pedigree molecular genetic analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  University Medical Centers in Fulda and Giessen, Germany, and in Seattle, Washington.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The families from Fulda, Germany, and the American Volga German families with EOAD share the same N141I PSEN2 mutation on an identical haplotypic background. This establishes that the N141I mutation occurred prior to emigration of the families from the Hesse region to Russia in the 1760s, and documents that relatives of the original immigrant families are presently living in Germany with the mutation and the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A family with the N141I mutation in PSEN2 that presently lives in Germany has been connected to the haplotype that carries the same mutation in pedigrees descended from the Volga Germans. This raises the possibility that the original patient with Alzheimer disease (Auguste D.), who had EOAD and lived in this same region of Germany, may also have had the PSEN2 N141I mutation.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
authors.forename: Chang-En
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchani
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nikisch
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nolte
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hertel
authors.forename: Ellen M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wijsman
authors.forename: Thomas D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Bird
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D018703:Founder Effect; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005858:Germany; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D040582:Inheritance Patterns; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D053766:Presenilin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012426:Russia; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; C508861:PSEN2 protein, human; D053766:Presenilin-2
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