Breast cancer histology and receptor status characterization in Asian Indian and Pakistani women in the U.S.--a SEER analysis.
BACKGROUND
Recent reports suggest increase in estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) negative breast cancer yet little is known about histology or receptor status of breast cancer in Indian/Pakistani women.in the U.S.


METHODS
We examined the United States National Cancer Institute's Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) Cancer program to assess: a) frequency of breast cancer by age, b) histologic subtypes, c) receptor status of breast cancer and, d) survival in Indians/Pakistanis compared to Caucasians. There were 360,933 breast cancer cases diagnosed 1988-2006. Chi-Square analyses and Cox proportional hazards models, to estimate relative risks for breast cancer mortality after adjusting for confounders, were performed using Statistical Analysis Software 9.2.


RESULTS
Among Asian Indian/Pakistani breast cancer patients, 16.2% were < 40 yrs. old compared to 6.23% in Caucasians (p < 0.0001). Asian Indian women had more invasive ductal carcinoma (69.1 vs. 65.7%, p < 0.0001), inflammatory cancer (1.4% vs. 0.8, p < 0.0001) and less invasive lobular carcinoma (4.2% vs. 8.1%, p < 0.0001) than Caucasians. Asian Indian/Pakistani women had more ER/PR negative breast cancer (30.6% vs. 21.8%, p = 0.0095) than Caucasians. Adjusting for stage at diagnosis, age, tumor grade, nodal status, and histology, Asian Indian/Pakistani women's survival was similar to Caucasians, while African Americans' was worse.


CONCLUSIONS
Asian Indian/Pakistani women have higher frequency of breast cancer (particularly in age < 40), ER/PR negative invasive ductal and inflammatory cancer than Caucasians.
Kakarala
Madhuri
M
Division of Hematology/Oncolog, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, 2150 Cancer Center, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5390, USA. mkakaral@umich.edu
Rozek
Laura
L
Cote
Michele
M
Liyanage
Samadhi
S
Brenner
Dean E
DE
D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018426:SEER Program; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone
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