title: Madurella mycetoma--a rare case with cranial extension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Madurella species of fungus causes chronic subcutaneous infection of lower extremities; the infection is commonly labeled as Madura foot. We report a case of Madurella infection involving the cranial cavity. Such an involvement by Madurella fungal infection is not recorded in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 31-year-old non-immunocompromised male patient presented with complaints of left hemifacial pain for 1 year and diplopia on looking toward left side for a period of 2 weeks. On examination, he had ipsilateral sixth nerve paresis. Investigations revealed a large paranasal sinus lesion that extended in the cavernous sinus. The lesion was partially resected. Histologic examination revealed that the lesion was a fungus Madurella mycetomi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A rare cranial extension of Madurella fungal infection is reported.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Lilavati Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Shradha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Swati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narurkar
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002426:Cavernous Sinus; D020314:Central Nervous System Fungal Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D020461:Madurella; D008297:Male; D008271:Mycetoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy