Acid stress response in enteropathogenic gammaproteobacteria: an aptitude for survival.
Enteric bacteria such as Escherichia coli have acquired a wide array of acid stress response systems to counteract the extreme acidity encountered when invading the host's digestive or urinary tracts. These acid stress response systems are both enzyme and chaperone based. The 3 main enzyme-based acid resistance pathways are glutamate-, arginine-, and lysine-decarboxylase pathways. They are under a complex regulatory network allowing the bacteria to fine tune its response to the external environment. HdeA and HdeB are the main chaperones involved in acid stress response. The decarboxylase systems are also found in Vibrio cholera, Vibrio vulnifus, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella typhimurium, although some differences exist in their functional mechanism and regulation.
Zhao
Boyu
B
Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.
Houry
Walid A
WA
D000143:Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
D000143:Acids; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases