title: Interaction between 5 genetic variants and allergy in glioma risk.
abstract: The etiology of glioma is barely known. Epidemiologic studies have provided evidence for an inverse relation between glioma risk and allergic disease. Genome-wide association data have identified common genetic variants at 5p15.33 (rs2736100, TERT), 8q24.21 (rs4295627, CCDC26), 9p21.3 (rs4977756, CDKN2A-CDKN2B), 11q23.3 (rs498872, PHLDB1), and 20q13.33 (rs6010620, RTEL1) as determinants of glioma risk. The authors investigated whether there is interaction between the effects of allergy and these 5 variants on glioma risk. Data from 5 case-control studies carried out in Denmark, Finland, Sweden, and the United Kingdom (2000-2004) were used, totaling 1,029 cases and 1,668 controls. Risk was inversely associated with asthma, hay fever, eczema, and "any allergy," significantly for each factor except asthma, and was significantly positively associated with number of risk alleles for each of the 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms. There was interaction between asthma and rs498872 (greater protective effect of asthma with increasing number of risk alleles; per-allele interaction odds ratio (OR) = 0.65, P = 0.041), between "any allergy" and rs4977756 (smaller protective effect; interaction OR = 1.27, P = 0.047), and between "any allergy" and rs6010620 (greater protective effect; interaction OR = 0.70, P = 0.017). Case-only analyses provided further support for atopy interactions for rs4977756 and rs498872. This study provides evidence for possible gene-environment interactions in glioma development.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, United Kingdom. minouk@icr.ac.uk
authors.forename: Minouk J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
authors.forename: Lindsay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wigertz
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Fay J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hosking
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feychting
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lönn
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hepworth
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: Anssi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Auvinen
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salminen
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiuru
authors.forename: Christoffer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Houlston
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Swerdlow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004485:Eczema / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics*; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult