title: Occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease during treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis with etanercept: a French retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) patients who developed IBD during treatment with anti-TNF-alpha agents and better characterize the IBD clinical and pathological presentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective French multicentre study included patients with a diagnosis of JIA according to the ILAR criteria who developed IBD while under anti-TNF-alpha therapy before 18 years of age. Intestinal biopsies were collected and reviewed by the same pathologist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients were included. They had been treated with etanercept from 11 to 78 months before IBD onset. Gastro-intestinal symptoms included abdominal pain (six patients), diarrhoea (four patients), anorexia (four patients), anal abscess (three patients) and oral ulcers (one patient). Five patients presented with Crohn's disease (CD) and three with indeterminate IBD, of whom four had severe pancolitis. Clinical remission of IBD was obtained in all patients after discontinuation of etanercept and initiation of IBD-specific therapy, including infliximab in six patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IBD must be suspected in JIA patients treated with etanercept who develop intestinal symptoms, including anal abscess. This series raises the possibility of a relationship between etanercept therapy and the occurrence of IBD in a subset of patients with JIA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Nephrology, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Aymeric
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dallocchio
authors.forename: Danièle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Canioni
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ruemmele
authors.forename: Agnès
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duquesne
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Scoazec
authors.forename: Raymonde
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bouvier
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Paraf
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Languepin
authors.forename: Carine H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wouters
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guillot
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quartier
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bader-Meunier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha