title: PTSD symptom clusters in relationship to alcohol misuse among Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans seeking post-deployment VA health care.
abstract: Demographic factors, characteristics of military service, PTSD, and depression were examined as predictors of alcohol misuse in Iraq and Afghanistan War Veterans (N=287) presenting for post-deployment Veteran Affairs (VA) health care. Results indicated that alcohol misuse was more common among younger male Veterans who served in the Army or Marine Corps. Accounting for demographic factors and characteristics of service, Veterans who screened positive for PTSD or depression were two times more likely to report alcohol misuse relative to Veterans who did not screen positive for these disorders. The examination of specific PTSD symptom clusters suggested that emotional numbing symptoms were most strongly associated with alcohol misuse. The implications for interventions for alcohol misuse in returning Veterans are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center (MIRECC), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA 98108, United States. matthew.jakupcak@va.gov
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jakupcak
authors.forename: Matthew T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Tull
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaysen
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simpson
mesh_terms: D055826:Afghan Campaign 2001-; D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D012737:Sex Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology