title: Release of VEGF and FGF in the extracellular space following severe subarachnoidal haemorrhage or traumatic head injury in humans.
abstract: Microdialysate fluid from 145 severely injured NSICU-patients, 88 with subarachnoidal haemorrage (SAH), and 57 with traumatic brain injury (TBI), was collected by microdialysis during the first 7 days following impact, and levels of the neurotrophins fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analysed. The study illustrates both similarities and differences in the reaction patterns of the 2 inflammatory proteins. The highest concentrations of both FGF2 and VEGF were measured on Day 2 (mean (+/- SE) values being 47.1 +/- 15.33 and 116.9 +/- 41.85 pg/ml, respectively, in the pooled patient material). The VEGF concentration was significantly higher in TBI-patients, while the FGF2 showed a tendency to be higher in SAH-patients. This is the first report presenting in some detail the human cerebral response of FGF2 and VEGF following SAH and TBI. Apart from increasing the understanding of the post-impact inflammatory response of the human brain, the study identifies potential threshold values for these chemokines that may serve as monitoring indicators in the NSICU.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. pekka.mellergard@lio.se
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mellergård
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sjögren
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hillman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2