[Imaging techniques in hepatocellular carcinoma: diagnosis, extension and evaluation of therapeutic response].
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a poor prognosis when diagnosed in advanced stages. Patients with cirrhosis of any etiology are a clear risk group. Thus, to improve prognosis, these patients should be included in surveillance programs to detect HCC in the early phases. Ultrasonographic examination is recommended for this purpose. The imaging techniques currently available for characterization of focal liver lesions are dynamic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT). MRI and CT are also suitable to determine tumoral extension. This article reviews the role of imaging techniques in the diagnosis and study of extension of HCC and in assessment of tumoral response after treatment, according to tumoral stage at diagnosis and the clinical status of the patient.
Ayuso
Carmen
C
Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Centro de Diagnóstico por la Imagen, Hospital Clínic, Universidad de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, CIBERehd, Barcelona, España. cayuso@clinic.ub.es
Rimola
Jordi
J
Forner
Alejandro
A
D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis; D003287:Contrast Media; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
D003287:Contrast Media