title: High efficiency plastid transformation in potato and regulation of transgene expression in leaves and tubers by alternative 5' and 3' regulatory sequences.
abstract: Transformation of potato plastids is limited by low transformation frequencies and low transgene expression in tubers. In order to improve the transformation efficiency, we modified the regeneration procedure and prepared novel vectors containing potato flanking sequences for transgene integration by homologous recombination in the Large Single Copy region of the plastome. Vector delivery was performed by the biolistic approach. By using the improved regeneration procedure and the potato flanking sequences, we regenerated about one shoot every bombardment. This efficiency corresponds to 15-18-fold improvement compared to previous results with potato and is comparable to that usually achieved with tobacco. Further, we tested five promoters and terminators, and four 5'-UTRs, to increase the expression of the gfp transgene in tubers. In leaves, accumulation of GFP to about 4% of total soluble protein (TSP) was obtained with the strong promoter of the rrn operon, a synthetic rbcL-derived 5'-UTR and the bacterial rrnB terminator. GFP protein was detected in tubers of plants transformed with only four constructs out of eleven. Best results (up to approximately 0.02% TSP) were achieved with the rrn promoter and rbcL 5'-UTR construct, described above, and another containing the same terminator, but with the promoter and 5'-UTR from the plastid clpP gene. The results obtained suggest the potential use of clpP as source of novel regulatory sequences in constructs aiming to express transgenes in amyloplasts and other non-green plastids. Furthermore, they represent a significant advancement of the plastid transformation technology in potato, of relevance to its implementation in potato breeding and biotechnology.
authors.affiliation: CNR-IGV, Institute of Plant Genetics, Res. Div. Portici, via Università 133, 80055, Portici, Italy.
authors.forename: Vladimir T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Valkov
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gargano
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manna
authors.forename: Gelsomina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Formisano
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Dix
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Nunzia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scotti
authors.forename: Teodoro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cardi
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049071:Endopeptidase Clp / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D049071:Endopeptidase Clp
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