title: Coronary artery visibility in free-breathing young children with congenital heart disease on cardiac 64-slice CT: dual-source ECG-triggered sequential scan vs. single-source non-ECG-synchronized spiral scan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The potential impact of dual-source ECG-triggered sequential CT scan on coronary artery visibility has not been evaluated in free-breathing young children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare coronary artery visibility in free-breathing young children with congenital heart disease on cardiac 64-slice CT between dual-source ECG-triggered sequential (DSET) scan and single-source non-ECG-synchronized spiral (SSNE) scan.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 93 young children, 108 cardiac 64-slice CT examinations were performed during free-breathing. Visibility of coronary arteries and side branches was compared between SSNE and DSET scans. Heart rates and trigger delays for DSET scan were recorded. Effective dose of each scan technique was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Visual grades were significantly higher (P<0.001 or =0.011) on DSET scan than on SSNE scan except for the distal left anterior descending artery. Coronary arteries were traceable in 79.3% on DSET scan and 54.3% on SSNE scan in the overlapped scan range (P<0.0001), and 97.1% and 71.9% for the origins and proximal segments (P<0.0001). Visibility of side branches was improved on DSET scan by a factor of 2.0. Heart rates and trigger delays for DSET scan were 131±24 beats per min and 199±44 ms, respectively. Effective doses of DSET and SSNE scans were 0.36±0.12 mSv and 0.99±0.23 mSv, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DSET scan improves visibility of coronary arteries on cardiac 64-slice CT in free-breathing young children with congenital heart disease, compared with SSNE scan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asanbyeongwon-gil 86, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 138-736, Korea. hwgoo@amc.seoul.kr
authors.forename: Hyun Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Goo
authors.forename: Dong Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
references.citation: Eur Radiol. 2008 Sep;18(9):1809-17
references.pmid: 18392829
references.citation: Radiographics. 2003 Oct;23 Spec No:S147-65
references.pmid: 14557509
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008 May;190(5):1232-40
references.pmid: 18430837
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2006 Aug;36(8):833-40
references.pmid: 16642311
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2009 Jul;39(7):668-76
references.pmid: 19319514
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2007 Jul;189(1):12-8
references.pmid: 17579144
references.citation: Radiology. 1999 Dec;213(3):751-8
references.pmid: 10580949
references.citation: AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2009 Aug;193(2):539-44
references.pmid: 19620454
references.citation: Korean J Radiol. 2010 Jan-Feb;11(1):4-18
references.pmid: 20046490
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2006 Jul;36(7):697-705
references.pmid: 16770673
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2007 Oct;37(10):998-1006
references.pmid: 17768616
references.citation: Eur J Radiol. 2009 Sep;71(3):492-7
references.pmid: 18620830
references.citation: Radiology. 2004 Apr;231(1):169-74
references.pmid: 15068946
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2006 Apr;36(4):344-51
references.pmid: 16501970
references.citation: Eur J Radiol. 2009 Mar;69(3):500-9
references.pmid: 18164157
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2007 Aug;37(8):818-25
references.pmid: 17562037
references.citation: Eur Radiol. 2010 May;20(5):1197-206
references.pmid: 19890639
references.citation: Ann Thorac Surg. 2008 May;85(5):1753-8
references.pmid: 18442579
references.citation: Circulation. 2005 Jan 4;111(1):83-9
references.pmid: 15611374
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2005 Aug;35(8):792-8
references.pmid: 15886981
references.citation: Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2005 Apr-Jun;21(2-3):347-65; discussion 367
references.pmid: 16015453
references.citation: Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol. 2009 Mar;32(2):206-12
references.pmid: 18810530
references.citation: Radiology. 2008 Oct;249(1):71-80
references.pmid: 18796669
references.citation: Pediatr Radiol. 2009 Mar;39(3):265-73
references.pmid: 19159923