title: Implication of pulse oxymetry screening for detection of congenital heart defects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In newborns congenital heart defects can take an asymptomatic course, causing a diagnostic gap in the routine examination. Therefore pulsoxymetric screening is under discussion, as it could close this diagnostic gap.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-invasive postductal peripheral oxygen saturation assessment was carried out in 3 364 term neonates, 6-36 h of age, in 2008. In asymptomatic neonates with values > or = 95%, no further steps were applied. In those with values between 90% and 94% and no clinical abnormalities, a check-up was carried out 4-6 h later. Echocardiography was performed when the initial value was below 90% or persisted < 95 %.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 18 (0.5%) abnormal pulse oximetry values requiring echocardiographic investigation were found in the 3 364 neonates examined. 9 congenital heart defects that had not been recognized prenatally were diagnosed. 4 of these children were also found to have anomalies at the clinical examination. Persistent fetal circulation was noted in 2 of the neonates.In addition neonatal infections has been detected in 7 newborns. 1 neonate with stenosis of the aortic isthmus and 1 with pulmonary stenosis were missed in the screening program, with pulse oximetry saturation levels >95%. These data represent a sensitivity of 82% and a specificity of 99.9%, with a positive predictive value of 50% and a negative predictive value of 99.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Together with the clinical examination, pulse oximetry in neonates is a screening method that has high levels of sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis of congenital heart defects. The risk-benefit profile may favour pulse oximetry to be standardized and universally used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tautz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Merkel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loersch
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Egen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hägele
authors.forename: H-M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Thon
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schaible
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening; D010092:Oximetry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal