title: Physical basis of the inducer-dependent cooperativity of the Central glycolytic genes Repressor/DNA complex.
abstract: The Central glycolytic genes Repressor (CggR) from Bacillus subtilis belongs to the SorC family of transcription factors that control major carbohydrate metabolic pathways. Recent studies have shown that CggR binds as a tetramer to its tandem operator DNA sequences and that the inducer metabolite, fructose 1,6-bisphosphate (FBP), reduces the binding cooperativity of the CggR/DNA complex. Here, we have determined the effect of FBP on the size, shape and stoichiometry of CggR complexes with full-length and half-site operator sequence by small-angle X-ray scattering, size-exclusion chromatography, ﬂuorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy and noncovalent mass spectrometry (MS). Our results show that CggR forms a compact tetrameric assembly upon binding to either the full-length operator or two half-site DNAs and that FBP triggers a tetramer-dimer transition that leaves a single dimer on the half-site or two physically independent dimers on the full-length target. Although the binding of other phospho-sugars was evidenced by MS, only FBP was found to completely disrupt dimer-dimer contacts. We conclude that inducer-dependent dimer-dimer bridging interactions constitute the physical basis for CggR cooperative binding to DNA and the underlying repression mechanism. This work provides experimental evidences for a cooperativity-based regulation model that should apply to other SorC family members.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Biochimie Structurale, INSERM U554, Université de Montpellier, CNRS UMR 5048, 29 rue de Navacelles, F-34090 Montpellier, Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, IPHC, 25 rue Becquerel and CNRS UMR7178, 67087 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chaix
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Atmanene
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Dorsselaer
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanglier-Cianférani
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Royer
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Declerck
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009875:Operator Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; C473792:CggR protein, Bacillus subtilis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012097:Repressor Proteins
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