The T=1 capsid protein of Penicillium chrysogenum virus is formed by a repeated helix-rich core indicative of gene duplication.
Penicillium chrysogenum virus (PcV), a member of the Chrysoviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) fungal virus with a multipartite genome, with each RNA molecule encapsidated in a separate particle. Chrysoviruses lack an extracellular route and are transmitted during sporogenesis and cell fusion. The PcV capsid, based on a T=1 lattice containing 60 subunits of the 982-amino-acid capsid protein, remains structurally undisturbed throughout the viral cycle, participates in genome metabolism, and isolates the virus genome from host defense mechanisms. Using three-dimensional cryoelectron microscopy, we determined the structure of the PcV virion at 8.0 A resolution. The capsid protein has a high content of rod-like densities characteristic of alpha-helices, forming a repeated alpha-helical core indicative of gene duplication. Whereas the PcV capsid protein has two motifs with the same fold, most dsRNA virus capsid subunits consist of dimers of a single protein with similar folds. The spatial arrangement of the alpha-helical core resembles that found in the capsid protein of the L-A virus, a fungal totivirus with an undivided genome, suggesting a conserved basic fold. The encapsidated genome is organized in concentric shells; whereas the inner dsRNA shells are well defined, the outermost layer is dense due to numerous interactions with the inner capsid surface, specifically, six interacting areas per monomer. The outermost genome layer is arranged in an icosahedral cage, sufficiently well ordered to allow for modeling of an A-form dsRNA. The genome ordering might constitute a framework for dsRNA transcription at the capsid interior and/or have a structural role for capsid stability.
Luque
Daniel
D
Departamento de Estructura de Macromoléculas, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología/CSIC, Darwin 3, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
González
José M
JM
Garriga
Damiá
D
Ghabrial
Said A
SA
Havens
Wendy M
WM
Trus
Benes
B
Verdaguer
Nuria
N
Carrascosa
José L
JL
Castón
José R
JR
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D020285:Cryoelectron Microscopy; D020440:Gene Duplication; D005814:Genes, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000821:virology*; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D014771:Virion / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure
D036022:Capsid Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded
J Virol. 2005 Dec;79(23):14967-70
16282496
Nucleic Acids Res. 2008 Jul 1;36(Web Server issue):W197-201
18463136
Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Oct;9(10):714-6
12352950
Nature. 1998 Oct 1;395(6701):470-8
9774103
Structure. 2007 Feb;15(2):157-67
17292834
Nat Protoc. 2008;3(6):977-90
18536645
Nature. 2000 Apr 27;404(6781):960-7
10801118
J Mol Biol. 2010 Mar 26;397(2):587-99
20122940
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2008 Jan;9(1):22-32
18073770
J Virol. 2007 Jul;81(13):6869-78
17442720
J Mol Biol. 2003 May 9;328(4):791-804
12729755
Bioinformatics. 2005 Jan 15;21(2):152-9
15377504
Curr Opin Struct Biol. 2005 Dec;15(6):655-63
16271469
Nature. 2008 May 15;453(7193):415-9
18449192
Biochem J. 1972 Apr;127(2):4P-6P
5076683
Structure. 2007 Jan;15(1):7-19
17223528
J Comput Chem. 2004 Oct;25(13):1605-12
15264254
J Mol Biol. 1999 Sep 17;292(2):195-202
10493868
Cell. 2005 Mar 25;120(6):761-72
15797378
Nature. 1996 Aug 1;382(6590):471-3
8684490
Virology. 2006 Apr 10;347(2):323-32
16413593
Science. 1986 May 30;232(4754):1148-51
3704642
J Virol. 2002 Sep;76(18):9533-6
12186935
J Mol Recognit. 2005 Mar-Apr;18(2):158-68
15597333
J Gen Virol. 2004 Jul;85(Pt 7):2111-2121
15218197
J Virol. 2004 Oct;78(20):11371-8
15452258
Nature. 1992 Oct 22;359(6397):746-9
1436038
Annu Rev Biochem. 1989;58:533-73
2673017
Cell. 1999 May 14;97(4):481-90
10338212
J Mol Biol. 2001 May 18;308(5):1033-44
11352589
Proteins. 2005 May 15;59(3):467-75
15768403
Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3370-4
12824330
Bioinformatics. 2005 Apr 15;21(8):1719-20
15585524
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 17;106(7):2148-52
19164552
J Mol Biol. 2003 Aug 8;331(2):417-31
12888349
Science. 2008 Feb 22;319(5866):1083-6
18292340
Mol Cell. 2004 Dec 3;16(5):673-85
15574324
Nature. 2004 Nov 4;432(7013):68-74
15525981
Structure. 2003 Oct;11(10):1227-38
14527391
Nat Struct Biol. 2003 Dec;10(12):1011-8
14608373
Nat Struct Biol. 1997 Feb;4(2):118-21
9033591
Structure. 2002 Dec;10(12):1627-36
12467570
J Mol Biol. 2005 Apr 15;347(5):895-902
15784250
Nat Rev Microbiol. 2008 Dec;6(12):941-8
19008892
Adv Virus Res. 2000;55:185-229
11050943
Nat Struct Biol. 2001 Jan;8(1):77-83
11135676
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Nov 11;105(45):17526-31
18981418
Science. 2009 Jan 16;323(5912):384-8
19150846
Nat Protoc. 2008;3(12):1941-74
19180078
Structure. 2005 Jul;13(7):1007-17
16004873
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 17;106(11):4225-30
19246376
Annu Rev Microbiol. 2006;60:51-67
16704342
J Struct Biol. 1996 Jan-Feb;116(1):120-30
8742733
J Cell Biol. 1997 Sep 8;138(5):975-85
9281577
Bioinformatics. 2005 Jun 1;21(11):2787-8
15797907
J Struct Biol. 2007 Jan;157(1):3-18
17011211
Nat Struct Biol. 2002 Oct;9(10):725-8
12244300
Structure. 2008 May;16(5):776-86
18462682
Structure. 2006 Jun;14(6):1039-48
16765897
Nucleic Acids Res. 2003 Jul 1;31(13):3305-7
12824313
J Mol Biol. 2008 Aug 29;381(2):351-60
18599071
Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 1991;55(2):107-37
1871315
J Struct Biol. 1993 Nov-Dec;111(3):222-33
8003383
J Virol. 2005 Jun;79(12):7745-55
15919927
Nucleic Acids Res. 2004 Jul 1;32(Web Server issue):W321-6
15215403
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Nov 12;99(23):14758-63
12411581
J Mol Biol. 2009 Feb 27;386(3):891-901
19063900
J Struct Biol. 2008 Oct;164(1):170-5
18614378
EMBO J. 2009 Jun 3;28(11):1655-65
19407816