Isolation and characterization of fenamiphos degrading bacteria.
The biological factors responsible for the microbial breakdown of the organophosphorus nematicide fenamiphos were investigated. Microorganisms responsible for the enhanced degradation of fenamiphos were isolated from soil that had a long application history of this nematicide. Bacteria proved to be the most important group of microbes responsible for the fenamiphos biodegradation process. Seventeen bacterial isolates utilized the pure active ingredient fenamiphos as a carbon source. Sixteen isolates rapidly degraded the active ingredient in Nemacur 5GR. Most of the fenamiphos degrading bacteria were Microbacterium species, although Sinorhizobium, Brevundimonas, Ralstonia and Cupriavidus were also identified. This array of gram positive and gram negative fenamiphos degrading bacteria appeared to be pesticide-specific, since cross-degradation toward fosthiazate, another organophosphorus pesticide used for nematode control, did not occur. It was established that the phylogenetical relationship among nematicide degrading bacteria is closer than that to non-degrading isolates.
Cabrera
J Alfonso
JA
Department of Phytopathology in Soil Ecosystems and Nematology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. alfonso.cabrera@ars.usda.gov
Kurtz
Andreas
A
Sikora
Richard A
RA
Schouten
Alexander
A
D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D053778:Thiazolidines / Q000378:metabolism
D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D053778:Thiazolidines; C493102:fosthiazate; C002698:fenamiphos