title: A goat poxvirus-vectored peste-des-petits-ruminants vaccine induces long-lasting neutralization antibody to high levels in goats and sheep.
abstract: Recombinant capripoxvirus (CPV) is a promising candidate differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) vaccine against peste-des-petits-ruminants (PPR). In order for recombinant CPV to be successfully used in the field, there should exist dependable indicators for quality control of vaccine products, surveillance and vaccination evaluation. Viral neutralization antibody (VNA) is correlated to protection against PPR and is a technically feasible indicator for this purpose. The immunogenicity of this vectored vaccine in goats and sheep, however, has not been fully evaluated. In this study, we generated two recombinant CPV viruses, rCPV-PPRVH and rCPV-PPRVF, that express PPR virus (PPRV) glycoproteins H and F, respectively. Vaccination studies with different dosages of recombinant viruses showed that rCPV-PPRVH was a more potent inducer of PPRV VNA than rCPV-PPRVF. One dose of rCPV-PPRVH was enough to seroconvert 80% of immunized sheep. A second dose induced significantly higher PPRV VNA titers. There was no significant difference in PPRV VNA responses between goats and sheep. Subcutaneous inoculation also induced a significant PPRV VNA response. PPRV VNA could be detected for over 6 months in more than 80% of vaccinated goats and sheep. Boost vaccination at 6-month intervals induced significant re-boost efficacy of PPRV VNA in goats and sheep. More over, two doses of rCPV-PPRVH could completely overcome the interference caused by pre-existing immunity to the CPV vaccine backbone in animals. Vaccination with rCPV-PPRVH also protected goats from virulent CPV challenge. Our results demonstrate that VNA can serve as a dependent indicator for effective vaccination and immune protection of animals in the field. The recombinant CPV vaccine used in our studies could be a practical and useful candidate DIVA vaccine in countries where PPR newly emerges or where stamp-out plans are yet to be implemented.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health of Ministry of Agriculture and State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, PR China.
authors.forename: Weiye
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Linmao
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Qianqian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Haibing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.forename: Kehe
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Zhigao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D018151:Capripoxvirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006041:Goats; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D029021:Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D018107:Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000276:immunology; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D006023:Glycoproteins; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic