title: Functionalized carbon nanotubes for potential medicinal applications.
abstract: Functionalized carbon nanotubes display unique properties that enable a variety of medicinal applications, including the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, infectious diseases and central nervous system disorders, and applications in tissue engineering. These potential applications are particularly encouraged by their ability to penetrate biological membranes and relatively low toxicity. High aspect ratio, unique optical property and the likeness as small molecule make carbon nanotubes an unusual allotrope of element carbon. After functionalization, carbon nanotubes display potentials for a variety of medicinal applications, including the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, infectious diseases and central nervous system disorders, and applications in tissue engineering. These potential applications are particularly encouraged by their ability to penetrate biological membranes and relatively low toxicity.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon
references.citation: Nat Med. 2004 May;10(5):475-80
references.pmid: 15122249
references.citation: J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2006 May;6(5):1365-74
references.pmid: 16792366
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2009 Apr 8;131(13):4783-7
references.pmid: 19173646
references.citation: J Neuroimmunol. 2009 Mar 31;208(1-2):3-9
references.pmid: 19181390
references.citation: J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2007;18(10):1245-61
references.pmid: 17939884
references.citation: Vaccine. 2008 Oct 29;26(46):5864-73
references.pmid: 18771700
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2008 Mar;8(3):859-65
references.pmid: 18288815
references.citation: J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2006 Jul;6(7):1883-904
references.pmid: 17025102
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Jun 8;127(22):8197-203
references.pmid: 15926849
references.citation: Small. 2008 Sep;4(9):1364-70
references.pmid: 18720440
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2004 Jul 15;64(14):4973-9
references.pmid: 15256471
references.citation: Langmuir. 2008 Jun 1;24(13):6409-13
references.pmid: 18512881
references.citation: Acc Chem Res. 2002 Dec;35(12):1096-104
references.pmid: 12484798
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2009 Feb;9(2):751-7
references.pmid: 19152309
references.citation: Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2009 Mar;71(3):409-19
references.pmid: 19070661
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2005 Nov-Dec;6(6):3067-72
references.pmid: 16283728
references.citation: J Biomater Sci Polym Ed. 2007;18(6):655-71
references.pmid: 17623549
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2008 Jul;8(7):2070-6
references.pmid: 18547120
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 Apr;3(4):216-21
references.pmid: 18654506
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2009 Mar;30(9):1725-31
references.pmid: 19124155
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2004 Sep 15;126(36):11158-9
references.pmid: 15355090
references.citation: Nat Biotechnol. 2003 Oct;21(10):1166-70
references.pmid: 14520401
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2004 Oct 4;43(39):5242-6
references.pmid: 15455428
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006 Mar;1758(3):404-12
references.pmid: 16307724
references.citation: Prog Biophys Mol Biol. 2001;77(1):73-110
references.pmid: 11473787
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Aug;2(8):469-78
references.pmid: 18654343
references.citation: Chemistry. 2004 Feb 20;10(4):812-7
references.pmid: 14978808
references.citation: Biomacromolecules. 2008 Feb;9(2):505-9
references.pmid: 18186607
references.citation: Science. 2006 Feb 3;311(5761):622-7
references.pmid: 16456071
references.citation: Langmuir. 2004 May 25;20(11):4777-8
references.pmid: 15969198
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2005 Jul 25;44(30):4782-5
references.pmid: 15995988
references.citation: Small. 2008 Jan;4(1):26-49
references.pmid: 18165959
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2007 Mar;28(8):1539-52
references.pmid: 17169420
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 May;3(5):242-4
references.pmid: 18654511
references.citation: Langmuir. 2007 Aug 14;23(17):8670-3
references.pmid: 17658863
references.citation: Chem Biol. 2003 Oct;10(10):961-6
references.pmid: 14583262
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Jan;2(1):47-52
references.pmid: 18654207
references.citation: Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2006 Jan;3(1):139-62
references.pmid: 16370946
references.citation: Cancer Immunol Immunother. 2005 Jun;54(6):587-98
references.pmid: 15838708
references.citation: Nanotechnology. 2004 Jan 1;15(1):
references.pmid: 34911207
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2008 Jan;29(1):94-102
references.pmid: 17928048
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2004 May;25(10):1891-900
references.pmid: 14738853
references.citation: Nat Methods. 2005 Jun;2(6):449-54
references.pmid: 15908924
references.citation: J Clin Oncol. 2004 Feb 1;22(3):403-15
references.pmid: 14691123
references.citation: Adv Mater. 2006 Feb 17;18(4):405-409
references.pmid: 21552389
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2007 Aug;1(1):50-6
references.pmid: 19203129
references.citation: Nanomedicine. 2010 Apr;6(2):245-56
references.pmid: 19699321
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 16;102(33):11600-5
references.pmid: 16087878
references.citation: Chem Commun (Camb). 2003 Dec 7;(23):2904-5
references.pmid: 14680233
references.citation: Science. 2002 Jul 26;297(5581):593-6
references.pmid: 12142535
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2003 May 21;125(20):6160-4
references.pmid: 12785847
references.citation: J Phys Chem B. 2005 Mar 17;109(10):4285-9
references.pmid: 16851493
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 26;103(52):19658-63
references.pmid: 17167055
references.citation: Science. 1998 Oct 2;282(5386):95-8
references.pmid: 9756485
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2009 Feb 24;3(2):307-16
references.pmid: 19236065
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2002 Aug 7;124(31):9034-5
references.pmid: 12148991
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2006 Dec;114(12):1818-25
references.pmid: 17185269
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2004 Mar;4(3):507-511
references.pmid: 21394241
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Jun 24;105(25):8697-702
references.pmid: 18559847
references.citation: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2001 May 4;40(9):1721-1725
references.pmid: 11353491
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2007 Apr;7(4):861-7
references.pmid: 17335265
references.citation: Nanomedicine (Lond). 2007 Oct;2(5):599-614
references.pmid: 17976023
references.citation: Chem Rev. 2006 Mar;106(3):1105-36
references.pmid: 16522018
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2007;37 Suppl 1:S9-17
references.pmid: 17601750
references.citation: Mol Immunol. 2006 Feb;43(3):193-201
references.pmid: 16199256
references.citation: Pharm Res. 2009 Apr;26(4):746-69
references.pmid: 19142717
references.citation: Chemistry. 2008;14(18):5435-9
references.pmid: 18478516
references.citation: J Neural Eng. 2006 Jun;3(2):95-101
references.pmid: 16705265
references.citation: Acc Chem Res. 2002 Dec;35(12):1105-13
references.pmid: 12484799
references.citation: Toxicol Lett. 2006 Jan 5;160(2):121-6
references.pmid: 16125885
references.citation: ACS Nano. 2009 May 26;3(5):1139-44
references.pmid: 19402638
references.citation: J Mol Neurosci. 2000 Jun;14(3):175-82
references.pmid: 10984193
references.citation: Pharm Res. 1999 Oct;16(10):1564-9
references.pmid: 10554098
references.citation: Science. 1993 May 14;260(5110):920-6
references.pmid: 8493529
references.citation: Tissue Eng. 1995 Spring;1(1):3-13
references.pmid: 19877911
references.citation: Chemistry. 2003 Sep 5;9(17):4000-8
references.pmid: 12953186
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Apr 29;100(9):4984-9
references.pmid: 12697899
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2008 Sep 15;80(18):7056-62
references.pmid: 18707132
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2005 Mar 30;127(12):4388-96
references.pmid: 15783221
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2005 Jun;5(6):1107-10
references.pmid: 15943451
references.citation: Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul;113(7):823-39
references.pmid: 16002369
references.citation: Biomaterials. 2007 Jan;28(2):344-53
references.pmid: 16934866
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Dec 12;103(50):18882-6
references.pmid: 17135351
references.citation: J Am Chem Soc. 2008 Aug 27;130(34):11467-76
references.pmid: 18661990
references.citation: Analyst. 2007 Aug;132(8):738-40
references.pmid: 17646871
references.citation: J Nanosci Nanotechnol. 2004 Nov;4(8):1019-24
references.pmid: 15656196
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 Jul;3(7):434-9
references.pmid: 18654569
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2008 Feb;8(2):586-90
references.pmid: 18197719
references.citation: Langmuir. 2006 Jun 6;22(12):5427-34
references.pmid: 16732673
references.citation: Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2005 Dec;9(6):674-9
references.pmid: 16233988
references.citation: J Intern Med. 2010 Jan;267(1):89-105
references.pmid: 20059646
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Nov 11;100(23):13549-54
references.pmid: 14597719
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2008 Aug 15;68(16):6652-60
references.pmid: 18701489