title: [Effects of 5-Aza-2'-deoxycitydine and trichostatin A on expression and apoptosis of ALDH1a2 gene in human bladder cancer cell lines].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect on promoter de-methylation, expression of ALDH1a2 gene and cell apoptosis by treated with 5-Aza-dC and TSA in five human bladder cancer cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human bladder cancer cell lines RT-4, 253J, 5637, BIU-87 and T24 were cultured and treated with 5-Aza-dC and(or) TSA. The expression of the ALDH1a2 gene was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The methylation status of gene promoter was determined by MSP, and the cell cycle profile was established by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ALDH1a2 was silenced in five human bladder cancer cell lines. Re-expression of ALDH1a2 was detected after treated with 5-Aza-dC alone or TSA in combination. ALDH1a2 transcript was marked in each cell lines combined with 5-Aza-dC and TSA treatment which showed a synergistic effect on expression of ALDH1a2 transcript. Early apoptotic was the main mode of apoptosis and death of human bladder cancer cell lines induced by 5-Aza-dC and TSA. The percentage of early apoptotic cells was 1.4% in control group and 2.8% in TSA group, however, 20.2% in 5-Aza-dC group and 33.8% in 5-Aza-dC + TSA group, respectively. The groups of TSA, 5-Aza-dC and 5-Aza-dC + TSA were significantly different from control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aberrant methylation of ALDH1a2 gene is the main cause for gene transcriptional inactivation. Re-expression of ALDH1a2 gene and cell apoptosis are detected after either treatment with 5-Aza-dC alone or in combination with TSA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fujian Provincial Tumor Hospital, Fuzhou 350014, China.
authors.forename: Zheng-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Min-gang
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Tao-ping
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Bao-jun
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-xi
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; C012589:trichostatin A; D000080924:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 Family; C545372:ALDH1A2 protein, human; D050697:Retinal Dehydrogenase; D001374:Azacitidine