title: Differentiation of type 1 T regulatory cells (Tr1) by tolerogenic DC-10 requires the IL-10-dependent ILT4/HLA-G pathway.
abstract: Type 1 T regulatory (Tr1) cells suppress immune responses in vivo and in vitro and play a key role in maintaining tolerance to self- and non-self-antigens. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is the crucial driving factor for Tr1 cell differentiation, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this induction remain unknown. We identified and characterized a subset of IL-10-producing human dendritic cells (DCs), termed DC-10, which are present in vivo and can be induced in vitro in the presence of IL-10. DC-10 are CD14(+), CD16(+), CD11c(+), CD11b(+), HLA-DR(+), CD83(+), CD1a(-), CD1c(-), express the Ig-like transcripts (ILTs) ILT2, ILT3, ILT4, and HLA-G antigen, display high levels of CD40 and CD86, and up-regulate CD80 after differentiation in vitro. DC-10 isolated from peripheral blood or generated in vitro are potent inducers of antigen-specific IL-10-producing Tr1 cells. Induction of Tr1 cells by DC-10 is IL-10-dependent and requires the ILT4/HLA-G signaling pathway. Our data indicate that DC-10 represents a novel subset of tolerogenic DCs, which secrete high levels of IL-10, express ILT4 and HLA-G, and have the specific function to induce Tr1 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Regenerative Medicine, Stem Cells, and Gene Therapy, San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy, Via Olgettina 58, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gregori
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tomasoni
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pacciani
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scirpoli
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: Chiara Francesca
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Magnani
authors.forename: Ehud
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hauben
authors.forename: Maria-Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Roncarolo
mesh_terms: D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C508609:IL10 protein, human; C491341:LILRB2 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12