title: Sinus reactions to immediately loaded zygoma implants: a clinical and radiological study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are no published studies regarding sinus reactions to immediately loaded zygomatic implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the maxillary sinus in a cohort of patients by means of clinical criteria and computerised tomography performed before surgery and after zygomatic implant placement (immediate function protocol).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 36 patients with 71 immediately loaded zygomatic implants were evaluated to find clinical criteria of maxillary sinus disturbance 13 to 42 months (average 21.9 months) after zygoma implant placement. A total of 44 implants had a machined surface and 27 had a porous titanium oxide surface. Twenty-six patients with 52 immediately loaded zygomatic implants were evaluated by means of a CT scan of the paranasal sinuses, 3 to 20 months (average 10.5 months) after zygomatic implant placement. All patients had no sinus symptoms before surgery and had a preoperative CT scan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No clinical signs or symptoms of sinusitis were found. Radiological opacity of the antrum was found in two sinuses (out of 52), and minimal thickening of the Schneiderian membrane was found in 12 patients (out of 26). In eight of them, this was present in the preoperative CT scan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sinuses penetrated by zygomatic implants seem to maintain a normal physiology. However, in approximately 15 to 20% of patients, early radiological findings without clinical symptoms were observed.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Implantology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medimar International Hospital, Spain. rdavo@hospitalmedimar.com
authors.forename: Rubén
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davó
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Malevez
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Orellana
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pastor-Beviá
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rojas
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D000044:Dental Abutments; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D004724:Endoscopy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015050:Zygoma / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants