title: Prostate-specific membrane antigen-targeted photodynamic therapy induces rapid cytoskeletal disruption.
abstract: Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), an established enzyme-biomarker for prostate cancer, has attracted considerable attention as a target for imaging and therapeutic applications. We aimed to determine the effects of PSMA-targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) on cytoskeletal networks in prostate cancer cells. PSMA-targeted PDT resulted in rapid disruption of microtubules (alpha-/beta-tubulin), microfilaments (actin), and intermediate filaments (cytokeratin 8/18) in the cytoplasm of LNCaP cells. The collapse of cytoplasmic microtubules and the later nuclear translocation of alpha-/beta-tubulin were the most dramatic alternation. It is likely that these early changes of cytoskeletal networks are partly involved in the initiation of cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
authors.forename: Tiancheng
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lisa Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Clifford E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Berkman
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000528:radiation effects; D016923:Cell Death; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007633:Keratins / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D014404:Tubulin; D007633:Keratins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen
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