title: [Prognosis and treatment of Vernal keratoconjunctivitis in pediatric age: pilot study on 197 patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Corticosteroids and high-concentrated cyclosporine eyedrops have been used for treatment of severe vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) cases. The purpose of our study was to verify the efficacy of 1% topical cyclosporine in improving severe form of VKC in childhood and investigate for factors affecting the response to therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an open trial involving 197 children with severe VKC, who received topical cyclosporine 1% for four months. Ocular subjective symptoms and objective signs were scored in all children at entry, two weeks and four months. Skin prick tests and microscope endothelial cells evaluation were also performed; serum IgE and cyclosporine levels were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean score values for severity of subjective symptoms and objective signs were significantly decreased after 2 weeks, and 4 months, compared with those at entry (P<0.001) in all children. Cyclosporine serum levels were not detectable at the end of therapy, nor were endothelial corneal cells damaged. Patients who started the therapy at the beginning of the disease and/or received long-term regimen of treatment with cyclosporine had a faster improvement of ocular signs and symptoms, compared to all other patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that 1% cyclosporine concentration administrated topically at the beginning of the disease and for a long-term period might be the most effective treatment to control symptoms and local inflammation in severe forms of VKC in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biomedicina Dell'Età Evolutiva, Clinica Pediatrica S. Maggiore, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italia2 . lspadavecchia@inwind.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spadavecchia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fanelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tesse
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Procoli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bellizzi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Armenio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine