title: Determinants of haemodialysis access survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vascular access patency is of vital importance for patients requiring haemodialysis. This analysis validates potential risk factors and benefits in patients undergoing vascular access procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vascular access procedures performed over a two-year period were retrospectively analysed. Clinical data and concomitant medication were retrieved from files as were surgical data following a standardized data capture sheet. Outcome parameters were primary (PP) and secondary patency (SP) as well as freedom from repeated revascularization. Minimal follow-up with functioning access was 679 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the observation period, 244 patients (mean age 62.2 +/- 0.9 years, 60.7 % male patients, 36.1 % pre-emptive, 31.1 % late referral) underwent vascular accesses procedures. PP and SP were 35.6 % and 45.6 %, respectively, at 540 days. Presence of diabetes mellitus was associated with decreased PP (OR: 0.6, 95 %-CI: 0.3 - 1.0) and SP (OR: 0.4, 95 %-CI: 0.2 - 0.7), whereas female gender was associated with lower SP (OR: 0.6, 95 %-CI: 0.3 - 0.9) and freedom from repeated revascularization rates (OR: 0.6, 95 %-CI: 0.3 - 1.0). In contrast, presence of hyperparathyreoidism was associated with higher SP (OR: 1.7, 95 %-CI: 1.0 - 3.0) and freedom from repeated revascularization (OR: 1.7, 95 %-CI: 1.0 - 3.0) rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Haemodialysis access performs worst in patients with diabetes mellitus and in women. The benefit of hyperparathyroidism should be interpreted as hypothesis generating.
authors.affiliation: Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Division of Clinical and Interventional Angiology, Inselspital, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland. diehm@gmx.ch
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Diehm
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schnyder
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bühler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Willenberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Widmer
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mohaupt
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
mesh_terms: D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000150:complications; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency