title: Analysis of protein-protein docking decoys using interaction fingerprints: application to the reconstruction of CaM-ligand complexes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Protein-protein docking for proteins with large conformational changes was analyzed by using interaction fingerprints, one of the scales for measuring similarities among complex structures, utilized especially for searching near-native protein-ligand or protein-protein complex structures. Here, we have proposed a combined method for analyzing protein-protein docking by taking large conformational changes into consideration. This combined method consists of ensemble soft docking with multiple protein structures, refinement of complexes, and cluster analysis using interaction fingerprints and energy profiles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To test for the applicability of this combined method, various CaM-ligand complexes were reconstructed from the NMR structures of unbound CaM. For the purpose of reconstruction, we used three known CaM-ligands, namely, the CaM-binding peptides of cyclic nucleotide gateway (CNG), CaM kinase kinase (CaMKK) and the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase pump (PMCA), and thirty-one structurally diverse CaM conformations. For each ligand, 62000 CaM-ligand complexes were generated in the docking step and the relationship between their energy profiles and structural similarities to the native complex were analyzed using interaction fingerprint and RMSD. Near-native clusters were obtained in the case of CNG and CaMKK.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The interaction fingerprint method discriminated near-native structures better than the RMSD method in cluster analysis. We showed that a combined method that includes the interaction fingerprint is very useful for protein-protein docking analysis of certain cases.
authors.affiliation: Japan Biological Informatics Consortium, 2-45 Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, Japan. n.uchikoga@aist.go.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uchikoga
authors.forename: Takatsugu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D008024:Ligands; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes
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