title: Alcohol consumption in southern Sweden after major decreases in Danish spirits taxes and increases in Swedish travellers' quotas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2003, Denmark lowered its tax on spirits, and in 2004, Sweden increased its traveller import quotas.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to determine whether these two changes increased self-reported alcohol consumption in southern Sweden, which is located near Denmark.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected through telephone interviews with the general population between 2003 and 2006. Individuals aged 16-80 years were interviewed. Some lived in southern Sweden, others in the northern region, which was assumed to be unaffected by the policy changes and was thus used as a control site. Analyses were performed for the total population as well as by sex, age, socio-economic group and consumption pattern.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expected results were not found: alcohol consumption in southern Sweden had not changed. The few statistically significant changes found in southern Sweden indicated decreases. In the north, however, consumption seemed to have increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In addition to the two policy changes mentioned above, other changes seem to have affected alcohol consumption in Sweden. It is possible, however, that the policy changes have affected population groups not reached by the survey, and thus other types of data need to be analysed before drawing any far-reaching conclusions.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. nina-katri.gustafsson@sorad.su.se
authors.forename: Nina-Katri J
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000191:economics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000191:economics*; D003625:Data Collection; D003718:Denmark; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D013548:Sweden; D013660:Taxes / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends*; D014195:Travel / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
references.citation: Addiction. 2008 Feb;103(2):181-91
references.pmid: 18028522
references.citation: Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2003 Apr;27(4):720-5
references.pmid: 12711936
references.citation: Eur Addict Res. 2009;15(4):216-23
references.pmid: 19776586
references.citation: Addiction. 2003 Oct;98(10):1433-46
references.pmid: 14519181
references.citation: Alcohol Res Health. 2002;26(1):22-34
references.pmid: 12154648