Choosing to make an effort: the role of striatum in signaling physical effort of a chosen action.
The possibility that we will have to invest effort influences our future choice behavior. Indeed deciding whether an action is actually worth taking is a key element in the expression of human apathy or inertia. There is a well developed literature on brain activity related to the anticipation of effort, but how effort affects actual choice is less well understood. Furthermore, prior work is largely restricted to mental as opposed to physical effort or has confounded temporal with effortful costs. Here we investigated choice behavior and brain activity, using functional magnetic resonance imaging, in a study where healthy participants are required to make decisions between effortful gripping, where the factors of force (high and low) and reward (high and low) were varied, and a choice of merely holding a grip device for minimal monetary reward. Behaviorally, we show that force level influences the likelihood of choosing an effortful grip. We observed greater activity in the putamen when participants opt to grip an option with low effort compared with when they opt to grip an option with high effort. The results suggest that, over and above a nonspecific role in movement anticipation and salience, the putamen plays a crucial role in computations for choice that involves effort costs.
Kurniawan
I T
IT
Cognitive, Perceptual, and Brain Sciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom. i.kurniawan@ucl.ac.uk
Seymour
B
B
Talmi
D
D
Yoshida
W
W
Chater
N
N
Dolan
R J
RJ
D000328:Adult; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology*; D003463:Cues; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D016014:Linear Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011699:Putamen / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D055698:Touch Perception / Q000502:physiology
J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 29;29(30):9450-7
19641108
Curr Biol. 2005 Oct 25;15(20):1855-60
16243033
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Jun;92(6):1087-101
17547490
J Neurosci. 2007 May 2;27(18):4826-31
17475790
Neuroimage. 2001 May;13(5):903-19
11304086
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2005 Jul;6(7):533-44
15995724
Nat Neurosci. 2006 Sep;9(9):1161-8
16921368
J Neurosci. 2000 Mar 15;20(6):2369-82
10704511
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2003 Apr;305(1):1-8
12649346
J Neurosci. 2008 Dec 17;28(51):13775-85
19091968
Neuroimage. 2006 Nov 1;33(2):493-504
16959495
J Neurosci. 2009 Nov 18;29(46):14617-26
19923294
Hum Brain Mapp. 2007 May;28(5):431-40
17133397
Science. 2007 May 11;316(5826):904-6
17431137
Behav Brain Res. 2004 May 5;151(1-2):83-91
15084424
J Neurosci. 2009 Apr 8;29(14):4531-41
19357278
Science. 2004 Apr 16;304(5669):452-4
15087550
Cereb Cortex. 2006 Jul;16(7):916-28
16207933
Ciba Found Symp. 1997;208:51-67; discussion 67-70
9386907
Psychol Sci. 2007 Mar;18(3):275-81
17444926
J Neurosci. 2005 May 11;25(19):4806-12
15888656
Cereb Cortex. 2007 Feb;17(2):251-60
16495432
Eur J Neurosci. 2009 Apr;29(8):1678-91
19385990
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 30;98(3):1089-94
11158599
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2007 Apr;191(3):461-82
17225164
Brain. 2008 May;131(Pt 5):1303-10
18344560
Nat Neurosci. 2007 Dec;10(12):1625-33
17982449
J Neurosci. 2008 Jan 9;28(2):360-8
18184778
Psychol Sci. 2004 Aug;15(8):534-9
15270998
J Neurosci. 2009 Jul 29;29(30):9575-81
19641120
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1993 Dec;50(12):975-90
8250684
Behav Neurosci. 2005 Feb;119(1):323-8
15727537
Neurology. 1985 Dec;35(12):1731-41
4069365
Neuroreport. 2008 Jun 11;19(9):957-60
18521000
J Cogn Neurosci. 2009 Jun;21(6):1162-78
18752411
Neural Netw. 2006 Oct;19(8):1302-14
16949252
J Neurophysiol. 1998 Dec;80(6):3247-60
9862919
J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005 Winter;17(1):7-19
15746478
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2009 Mar;9(1):16-27
19246324
J Neurophysiol. 2007 Feb;97(2):1621-32
17122317
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2009 Jun;33(6):900-8
19428499
Behav Brain Res. 1994 Dec 15;65(2):221-9
7718155
J Neurosci. 2002 Dec 15;22(24):10996-1003
12486195
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2008 Jul;33(8):1966-79
17805307
J Neurosci. 2007 May 23;27(21):5796-804
17522323
Child Dev. 1964 Dec;35:1337-42
14251378
Neuroimage. 2004 Feb;21(2):757-67
14980579