Titanium Implants after alkali heating treatment with a [Zn(OH)4]2 complex: analysis of interfacial bond strength using push-out tests.
BACKGROUND
Clinical demands for stronger and faster bone bonding to implants have motivated the development of chemically and topographically modified surfaces capable of chemical bonding. This study presents a new one-step alkali heat treatment performed with a solution containing [Zn(OH)(4)](2-) complex as an alternative to the conventional NaOH solution.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this work is to assess the effect of a Zn-modified surface chemistry on bone-implant shear strength using a rabbit model.


METHODS
The study was conducted on mechanical-grinded and smooth surfaces of Ti cylindrical implants. The topographical structure, chemical surface composition, and structural properties of the chemically modified titanium surface were studied by scanning electron microscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and x-ray diffractometry. Implant-bone shear strength was evaluated by push-out tests undertaken at 4, 12, and 24 weeks after insertion in rabbit femora.


RESULTS
Implants with smooth and rough surfaces chemically-modified with a solution containing [Zn(OH)(4)](2-) complex demonstrated significantly stronger bone fixation than nonmodified implants at all healing times (p < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The obtained results suggest that biochemical bonding at the bone-implant interface, stimulated by the Zn(2+) ion release in combination with mechanical interlocking definitively improved the implant fixation.
Alvarez
Kelly
K
Faculty of Engineering and Resource Science, Center for Geo-Environmental Science, Akita University, Akita, Japan. yamamoto@cges.akita-u.ac.jp
Fukuda
Masayuki
M
Yamamoto
Osamu
O
D000818:Animals; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D001840:Dental Bonding; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005269:Femur; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006878:Hydroxides; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D033081:Shear Strength; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D017967:Zinc Compounds
D015921:Dental Implants; D006878:Hydroxides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D014025:Titanium; C052745:zinc hydroxide