title: Rehabilitation of olfaction post-laryngectomy: a randomised control trial comparing clinician assisted versus a home practice approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine (i) the prevalence of impaired olfaction in a group of individuals post-laryngectomy, and (ii) whether intensive, clinician-supported training of the Nasal Airflow Inducing Manoeuvre (NAIM) was more effective at improving olfactory acuity than intensive, home practice over a 6-week period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study followed by a randomised control trial of two treatments over a 6-week period with a 3-month review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Olfactory acuity was evaluated in 43 laryngectomy patients. Results revealed 95% had impaired olfactory acuity (anosmic or hyposmic). From this group 40 eligible participants with reduced olfactory acuity were then randomly assigned into either the clinician-supported or home practice treatment group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Olfactory acuity and functional impact measures relating to olfactory acuity (participation restriction, wellbeing/distress).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although olfactory acuity significantly improved in both treatment groups following 6 weeks of therapy, results indicated significantly greater improvement in the clinician-assisted group immediately post-treatment. By 3 months, post-treatment effects were maintained. Both modes of treatment improved levels of patient wellbeing, however, only the clinician-assisted mode made a significant positive effect on levels of perceived participation restriction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduced olfactory acuity is prevalent post-laryngectomy. Olfactory acuity can be significantly improved using either 6 weeks of clinician-assisted or home practice using the NAIM manoeuvre, although the current data suggest that intensive clinician-assisted treatment can assist patients to improve more rapidly and have a positive impact on functional state.
authors.affiliation: Division of Speech Pathology, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld, Australia. liz.ward@uq.edu.au
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van As-Brooks
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kerle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007825:Laryngectomy; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology