title: [Diabetes and heart failure].
abstract: Heart failure is a common complication of type 2 diabetes and bears a poor prognosis. For patients with diabetes and heart failure the commonly accepted standards for diagnosis and treatment of heart failure are to be applied, although prospective diabetes- specific trials are lacking. The optimum HbA(1c) target value as well as the optimum blood glucoselowering treatment are not known. Due to an absence of prospective randomized trials the treatment should follow general therapeutic principles (low incidence of side effects, combination therapy, patient-friendly dosage, costs).
authors.affiliation: Klinik III für Innere Medizin, Herzzentrum, Universität zu Köln, Köln, Germany. Christian.Schneider@uk-koeln.de
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pfister
authors.forename: Erland
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erdmann
mesh_terms: D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans
references.citation: J Card Fail. 2006 Dec;12(9):694-9
references.pmid: 17174230
references.citation: Lancet. 2007 Sep 29;370(9593):1129-36
references.pmid: 17905165
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 2008 Jun;29(11):1377-85
references.pmid: 18413309
references.citation: Circulation. 2005 Feb 8;111(5):583-90
references.pmid: 15699279
references.citation: Eur J Heart Fail. 2008 Jul;10(7):703-8
references.pmid: 18571471
references.citation: Diabetes Metab. 1997 Jun;23(3):213-8
references.pmid: 9233998
references.citation: BMJ. 2009 Dec 03;339:b4731
references.pmid: 19959591
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2005 Jul;28(7):1680-9
references.pmid: 15983320
references.citation: J Card Fail. 2009 May;15(4):305-9
references.pmid: 19398078
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1974 Jul;34(1):29-34
references.pmid: 4835750
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999 Mar;33(3):734-42
references.pmid: 10080475
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2005 Dec 1;96(11):1530-6
references.pmid: 16310435
references.citation: J Card Fail. 2010 Mar;16(3):200-6
references.pmid: 20206893
references.citation: J Card Fail. 2009 Mar;15(2):152-7
references.pmid: 19254675
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 2000 Aug;21(16):1368-75
references.pmid: 10952826
references.citation: Circulation. 2007 Mar 20;115(11):1371-5
references.pmid: 17339550
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2003 Nov;26(11):2983-9
references.pmid: 14578227
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2004 Mar;27(3):699-703
references.pmid: 14988288
references.citation: Atherosclerosis. 2010 May;210(1):237-42
references.pmid: 19945701
references.citation: J Card Fail. 2009 Sep;15(7):593-9
references.pmid: 19700136
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2003 Apr 3;348(14):1309-21
references.pmid: 12668699
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1996 May 1;77(11):1017-20
references.pmid: 8644628
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Jan 3;47(1):76-84
references.pmid: 16386668
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2004 Nov 8;164(20):2273-9
references.pmid: 15534166
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Feb 10;53(6):501-10
references.pmid: 19195607
references.citation: Am J Med. 2006 Jul;119(7):591-9
references.pmid: 16828631
references.citation: Trials. 2009 Feb 09;10:12
references.pmid: 19203392
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2009 Jun 11;360(24):2503-15
references.pmid: 19502645
references.citation: Diabet Med. 2005 Aug;22(8):986-93
references.pmid: 16026362
references.citation: Am Heart J. 2005 Jan;149(1):159-67
references.pmid: 15660048
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 2007 Nov 1;100(9):1336-40
references.pmid: 17950786
references.citation: Curr Diabetes Rev. 2009 Aug;5(3):171-84
references.pmid: 19689252
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 1992 Sep 3;327(10):725-7
references.pmid: 1495526
references.citation: BMJ. 2007 Sep 8;335(7618):497
references.pmid: 17761999
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 May 7;41(9):1529-38
references.pmid: 12742294
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 2000 Dec;21(23):1967-78
references.pmid: 11071803
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 2006 Jan;27(1):65-75
references.pmid: 16219658
references.citation: Am Heart J. 2006 Jan;151(1):91
references.pmid: 16368297
references.citation: Circulation. 2004 Aug 24;110(8):955-61
references.pmid: 15313949
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997 Aug;30(2):527-32
references.pmid: 9247528
references.citation: Clin Sci (Lond). 2009 May;116(10):741-60
references.pmid: 19364331
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2001 Sep;24(9):1614-9
references.pmid: 11522708
references.citation: J Card Fail. 2008 Aug;14(6):445-52
references.pmid: 18672190
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2007 Mar;30(3):722-4
references.pmid: 17327349
references.citation: Heart. 2006 Oct;92(10):1409-13
references.pmid: 16717067
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2000 Jan 20;342(3):145-53
references.pmid: 10639539
references.citation: Circulation. 2001 Jun 5;103(22):2668-73
references.pmid: 11390335
references.citation: Diabetes. 2009 Apr;58(4):975-83
references.pmid: 19151200
references.citation: BMJ. 2000 Aug 12;321(7258):405-12
references.pmid: 10938048
references.citation: Circ Heart Fail. 2008 Sep;1(3):153-60
references.pmid: 19727407
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 Jul 28;54(5):422-8
references.pmid: 19628117
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2007 Nov;30(11):2773-8
references.pmid: 17666462
references.citation: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Apr 24;49(16):1696-704
references.pmid: 17448371
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2008 Jun 12;358(24):2560-72
references.pmid: 18539916
references.citation: JAMA. 2005 Jul 20;294(3):334-41
references.pmid: 16030278