title: Nomogram prediction of overall survival after curative irradiation for uterine cervical cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop a nomogram capable of predicting the probability of 5-year survival after radical radiotherapy (RT) without chemotherapy for uterine cervical cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 549 patients that underwent radical RT for uterine cervical cancer between March 1994 and April 2002 at our institution. Multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression was performed and this Cox model was used as the basis for the devised nomogram. The model was internally validated for discrimination and calibration by bootstrap resampling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By multivariate regression analysis, the model showed that age, hemoglobin level before RT, Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie Obstétrique (FIGO) stage, maximal tumor diameter, lymph node status, and RT dose at Point A significantly predicted overall survival. The survival prediction model demonstrated good calibration and discrimination. The bootstrap-corrected concordance index was 0.67. The predictive ability of the nomogram proved to be superior to FIGO stage (p=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The devised nomogram offers a significantly better level of discrimination than the FIGO staging system. In particular, it improves predictions of survival probability and could be useful for counseling patients, choosing treatment modalities and schedules, and designing clinical trials. However, before this nomogram is used clinically, it should be externally validated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: YoungSeok
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Seong Yul
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Mi-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang Mo
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hyung Jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Jin Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jin Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kyung Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eui Don
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Rhu
authors.forename: Suck Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Moon Hong
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Beob Jong
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chul-Koo
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006441:Hemoglobin A / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049451:Nomograms; D011336:Probability; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D006441:Hemoglobin A