title: Indications for reoperation late after correction of tetralogy of Fallot.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Correction of tetralogy of Fallot has excellent long-term results. The present retrospective study investigates the indications for reoperation late after corrective surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 914 consecutive cases who underwent correction of tetralogy of Fallot in our department between 1960 and 2002 were retrospectively reviewed and analysed. In 91 patients, a total of 102 reoperations were performed late after repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean time interval between corrective surgery and the first reoperation was 12.8 years. The main indication for reoperation was residual ventricular septal defect in nearly half of the cases, mostly isolated, but also in combination with a right ventricular outflow tract aneurysm or pulmonary stenosis. One-fourth of reoperated patients underwent a procedure on their pulmonary artery or pulmonary valve: replacement of pulmonary valve, replacement of primary implanted pulmonary artery conduits with or without concomitant surgery, and surgery for isolated peripheral pulmonary stenosis. The remaining indications were right ventricular outflow tract aneurysms and others. Aneurysms of the right ventricular outflow tract were seen mostly after the use of autologous - untreated - pericardial patch in 18 of 21 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of reoperations for residual ventricular septal defect decreased during the study period. The primary use of conduits led to an increased number of reoperations for conduit exchange due to degeneration or failure. Use of an untreated autologous pericardial patch for enlargement of the right ventricular outflow tract should be avoided due to increased risk for aneurysm formation.
authors.affiliation: Department for Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. theodor.tirilomis@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: Theodor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tirilomis
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zenker
authors.forename: Ralf G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Seipelt
authors.forename: Friedrich A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Schoendube
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ruschewski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013771:Tetralogy of Fallot / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult