title: The accuracy of digital infrared imaging for breast cancer detection in women undergoing breast biopsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mammography has a lower sensitivity for breast cancer detection in younger women and those with dense breasts. Recent improvements in digital infrared breast imaging suggest there may be a role for this technology and we have studied its performance in 100 women prior to breast needle core biopsy (CB).
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients were imaged using a digital infrared breast (DIB) scan (Sentinel BreastScan) prior to breast biopsy. Analysis of the infrared scans was performed, blinded to biopsy results, in four different ways: Sentinel screening report, Sentinel artificial intelligence (neural network), expert manual review and NoTouch BreastScan a novel artificial intelligence programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 106 biopsies performed in 100 women, 65 were malignant and 41 were benign. Sensitivity of Sentinel screening (53%) and Sentinel neural network (48%) was low but analysis with NoTouch software (70%) was much closer to expert manual review (78%). Sensitivity (78%) and specificity (75%) using NoTouch BreastScan were higher in women under 50 and the combination of mammography and DIB, with NoTouch interpretation, in this age group resulted in a sensitivity of 89%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DIB using NoTouch is an effective adjunctive test for breast cancer detection in women under 70 and appears to be particularly effective in women under 50 where maximal sensitivity (78%) and specificity (75%) were observed. The combined sensitivity of NoTouch BreastScan and mammography in women under 50 was encouraging at 89%, suggesting a potential way forward for a dual imaging approach in this younger age group.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Breast Unit, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2QQ, UK. gordon.wishart@addenbrookes.nhs.uk <gordon.wishart@addenbrookes.nhs.uk>
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Wishart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campisi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boswell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shackleton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iddles
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hallett
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Britton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013817:Thermography / Q000379:methods*