title: Molecular imaging of CXCR4 receptor expression in human cancer xenografts with [64Cu]AMD3100 positron emission tomography.
abstract: The chemokine receptor CXCR4 and its cognate ligand CXCL12 are pivotal for establishing metastases from many tumor types. Thus, CXCR4 may offer a cell surface target for molecular imaging of metastases, assisting diagnosis, staging, and therapeutic monitoring. Furthermore, noninvasive detection of CXCR4 status of a primary tumor may provide an index of the metastatic potential of the lesion. Here, we report the development and evaluation of [(64)Cu]AMD3100, a positron-emitting analogue of the stem cell mobilizing agent plerixafor to image CXCR4 in human tumor xenografts preselected for graded expression of this receptor. This imaging method was evaluated in lung metastases derived from human MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Ex vivo biodistribution studies, performed to validate the in vivo imaging data, confirmed the ability of [(64)Cu]AMD3100 to image CXCR4 expression. Our findings show the feasibility of imaging CXCR4 by positron emission tomography using a clinically approved agent as a molecular scaffold.
authors.affiliation: Russell H Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA. snimmag1@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Sridhar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nimmagadda
authors.forename: Mrudula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pullambhatla
authors.forename: Kristie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Zaver M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Bhujwalla
authors.forename: Martin G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pomper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001596:Benzylamines; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes; D000080027:Cyclams; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D001596:Benzylamines; D003301:Copper Radioisotopes; D000080027:Cyclams; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; C088327:plerixafor
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