title: PAD1 and FDC1 are essential for the decarboxylation of phenylacrylic acids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: The volatile phenols, to which Saccharomyces cerevisiae converts from phenylacrylic acids including ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and cinnamic acid, generate off-flavors in alcoholic beverages such as beer and wine. Using gene disruptants, transformants and cell-free extracts of these strains, we have verified that the adjacent PAD1 (phenylacrylic acid decarboxylase, YDR538W) and FDC1 (ferulic acid decarboxylase, YDR539W) genes are essential for the decarboxylation of phenylacrylic acids in S. cerevisiae. Pad1p and Fdc1p are homologous with UbiX and UbiD, respectively, in the ubiquinone synthetic pathway of Escherichia coli. However, ubiquinone was detected quantitatively in all of the yeast single-deletion mutants, Delta pad1, Delta fdc1, and double-deletion mutant, Delta pad1 Delta fdc1.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Brewing, 3-7-1 Kagamiyama, Higashihiroshima, Hiroshima 739-0046, Japan. mukai-n-0907@hi.enjoy.ne.jp
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawamukai
authors.forename: Haruyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iefuji
mesh_terms: D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000378:metabolism*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D003653:Decarboxylation; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002934:Cinnamates; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C029010:cinnamic acid; C004999:ferulic acid; D002262:Carboxy-Lyases; C087194:phenylacrylic acid decarboxylase