title: [Links between duration and severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms with defence mechanisms, coherence and family functioning in patients suffering from severe panic disorder].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Panic disorder often has a chronic course and is comorbid with depression. Many different psychological factors may have impact on both chronicity and comorbidity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to access the prevalence of depression among panic patients. Defence style, sense of coherence and family functioning of patients were analysed in a link with anxiety and depressive symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The author examined 75 patients suffering from severe PD. Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Polish version 5.0.0, Panic and Agoraphobia Scale, Beck's Depression Inventory, Family Functioning Questionnaire (KOR), Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-29), Defence Style Questionnaire (DSQ-40) and Life Inventory were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study revealed that depressive symptoms are often comorbid with PD, but only 17.3% of the group suffered from severe depression. Duration of PD was linked with many psychological factors. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were linked with catastrophic interpretation of bodily sensations, coherence and defence mechanisms, but not with family functioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible that psychological problems affect duration and severity of PD.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Psychiatrii Dorosłych, Katedry Psychiatrii, UJ CM, Kraków.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Potoczek
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index