title: Comparative testing of new hemostatic agents in a swine model of extremity arterial and venous hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare advanced hemostatic dressings: HemCon (HC), QuikClot ACS+ (advanced clotting sponge, and two granular agents: Celox (CX) and WoundStat (WS), with a standard field dressing in a swine model of extremity hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomized 30 animals to treatment with a standard dressing or a hemostatic agent applied to a 2 x 6-mm injury in the femoral artery and vein after 45 s of free bleeding. Animals received 500 mL Hextend 15 min after the bleeding commenced without further resuscitation. End point was survival to 120 min or non-survivable blood pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival to 120 min among treatment groups was 100% (WS), 83% (CX), 67% (HC), and 50% (ACS+). No control animals survived. Postinjury blood loss (mL/kg) was 4.6 (WS), 12.9 (CX), 10.0 (HC), and 15.8 (ACS+) compared to 27.0 for controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All hemostatic dressings result in significantly less blood loss and improved survival over standard gauze dressing.
authors.affiliation: David Grant Medical Center 60MSGS/SGCQ 101 Bodin Circle, Travis AFB, CA 94535, USA.
authors.forename: Jared G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Clay
authors.forename: J Kevin
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Grayson
authors.forename: Dustin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zierold
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001704:Biopolymers; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D048271:Chitosan; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; C540163:Celox; D006490:Hemostatics; D048271:Chitosan