title: Putrescine differently influences the effect of salt stress on polyamine metabolism and ethylene synthesis in rice cultivars differing in salt resistance.
abstract: Effects of salt stress on polyamine metabolism and ethylene production were examined in two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars [I Kong Pao (IKP), salt sensitive; and Pokkali, salt resistant] grown for 5 d and 12 d in nutrient solution in the presence or absence of putrescine (1 mM) and 0, 50, and 100 mM NaCl. The salt-sensitive (IKP) and salt-resistant (Pokkali) cultivars differ not only in their mean levels of putrescine, but also in the physiological functions assumed by this molecule in stressed tissues. Salt stress increased the proportion of conjugated putrescine in salt-resistant Pokkali and decreased it in the salt-sensitive IKP, suggesting a possible protective function in response to NaCl. Activities of the enzymes ornithine decarboxylase (ODC; EC 4.1.1.17) and arginine decarboxylase (ADC; EC 4.1.1.19) involved in putrescine synthesis were higher in salt-resistant Pokkali than in salt-sensitive IKP. Both enzymes were involved in the response to salt stress. Salt stress also increased diamine oxidase (DAO; 1.4.3.6) and polyamine oxidase (PAO EC 1.5.3.11) activities in the roots of salt-resistant Pokkali and in the shoots of salt-sensitive IKP. Gene expression followed by reverse transcription-PCR suggested that putrescine could have a post-translational impact on genes coding for ADC (ADCa) and ODC (ODCa and ODCb) but could induce a transcriptional activation of genes coding for PAO (PAOb) mainly in the shoot of salt-stressed plants. The salt-resistant cultivar Pokkali produced higher amounts of ethylene than the salt-sensitive cultivar IKP, and exogenous putrescine increased ethylene synthesis in both cultivars, suggesting no direct antagonism between polyamine and ethylene pathways in rice.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie végétale (GRPV), Université catholique de Louvain, 5 (Bte 13) Place Croix du Sud, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quinet
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ndayiragije
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lefèvre
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lambillotte
authors.forename: Christine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Dupont-Gillain
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lutts
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002414:Cations, Monovalent / Q000378:metabolism; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D009995:Osmosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011700:Putrescine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D055049:Salt Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013095:Spermidine / Q000378:metabolism; D013096:Spermine / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002414:Cations, Monovalent; D005030:Ethylenes; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014867:Water; D013096:Spermine; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C036216:ethylene; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium; D013095:Spermidine; D011700:Putrescine
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