Fetal loss and maternal serum levels of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorbiphenyl (CB-153) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) exposure: a cohort study in Greenland and two European populations.
BACKGROUND
In the present study, the aim is to examine the risk of fetal loss related to environmental 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153) or 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) exposure.


METHODS
We related LC/MS/MS measurements of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE in serum samples to interview-data on previous fetal loss in populations of pregnant women from Poland, Ukraine and Greenland.


RESULTS
In total, 1710 women were interviewed, and 678 of these had at least one previous pregnancy. The risk of ever experiencing a fetal loss increased at higher levels of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE exposure, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.4; confidence interval (CI) (1.1-5.5) for CB-153>200 ng/g lipid compared to 0-25 ng CB-153/g lipid and OR of 2.5 CI (0.9-6.6) for p,p'-DDE>1500 ng/g lipid compared to 0-250 ng DDE/g lipid. However, no clear dose response associations were observed. The results further suggest that high level of organochlorine serum concentrations may be related to repeated loss.


CONCLUSIONS
The risk of fetal loss may increase at higher levels of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE exposure, although lack of dose response and inconsistencies between countries did not allow for firm conclusions.
Toft
Gunnar
G
Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. guntof@rm.dk
Thulstrup
Ane M
AM
Jönsson
Bo A
BA
Pedersen
Henning S
HS
Ludwicki
Jan K
JK
Zvezday
Valentyna
V
Bonde
Jens P
JP
D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000097:blood*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006116:Greenland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014455:Ukraine / Q000453:epidemiology
D014280:Triglycerides; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D002784:Cholesterol; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C014024:2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
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