title: Fetal loss and maternal serum levels of 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorbiphenyl (CB-153) and 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) exposure: a cohort study in Greenland and two European populations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the present study, the aim is to examine the risk of fetal loss related to environmental 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB-153) or 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We related LC/MS/MS measurements of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE in serum samples to interview-data on previous fetal loss in populations of pregnant women from Poland, Ukraine and Greenland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 1710 women were interviewed, and 678 of these had at least one previous pregnancy. The risk of ever experiencing a fetal loss increased at higher levels of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE exposure, with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) of 2.4; confidence interval (CI) (1.1-5.5) for CB-153>200 ng/g lipid compared to 0-25 ng CB-153/g lipid and OR of 2.5 CI (0.9-6.6) for p,p'-DDE>1500 ng/g lipid compared to 0-250 ng DDE/g lipid. However, no clear dose response associations were observed. The results further suggest that high level of organochlorine serum concentrations may be related to repeated loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of fetal loss may increase at higher levels of CB-153 and p,p'-DDE exposure, although lack of dose response and inconsistencies between countries did not allow for firm conclusions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. guntof@rm.dk
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.forename: Ane M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Thulstrup
authors.forename: Bo A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: Henning S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Jan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Ludwicki
authors.forename: Valentyna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zvezday
authors.forename: Jens P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bonde
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000097:blood*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006116:Greenland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014455:Ukraine / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D002784:Cholesterol; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C014024:2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl
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