title: Effect of saliva contamination on bracket failure with a self-etching primer: a prospective controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo the effect of saliva contamination at different stages of the bonding procedure on the bond failure rate and the adhesive remaining on teeth after debonding brackets bonded with a hydrophilic self-etching primer (Transbond Plus self-etching primer [TSEP], 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective controlled clinical trial. The sample consisted of 46 patients with similar treatment plans and mechanotherapies. Stainless steel brackets (n = 531) were bonded with TSEP. The patients were divided into 2 groups: contamination with saliva before TSEP application and contamination with saliva after TSEP application. In both groups, saliva was applied in a split-mouth design. Diagonally opposite quadrants were allocated to either the contaminated group (contamination before [153 teeth] or after [115 teeth] TSEP application) or to the uncontaminated control group (263 teeth). Recording of failed brackets involved only first-time failures, and the observation period was a minimum of 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The chi-squared test showed no significant differences (P = 0.11) in bracket failures between the groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis detected no significant differences in the survival rates between the 3 groups (P = 0.51). Most bond failures occurred during the first 3 months. In all 3 groups, the adhesive remaining on teeth after debonding tended to be less than half.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that saliva contamination before or after application of self-etching primer does not increase the clinical risk of bond failure.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Teaching Unit, Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Murcia, Spain. mdcampoy@hotmail.com
authors.forename: María D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Campoy
authors.forename: Eliseo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Plasencia
authors.forename: Ascensión
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cibrián
mesh_terms: D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D017005:Dental Debonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D019279:Resin Cements; C429625:Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer; C477790:Transbond XT; D013193:Stainless Steel