title: Biodegradation of bisphenol A and its halogenated analogues by Cunninghamella elegans ATCC36112.
abstract: Bisphenol A and its halogenated analogues are commonly used industrial chemicals with strong toxicological effects over many organisms. In this study, metabolic fate of bisphenol A and its halogenated analogues were evaluated with Cunninghamella elegans ATCC36112. Bisphenol A and related analogues were rapidly transformed into several metabolites by C. elegans within 2-4 days. Detailed analysis of metabolites reveals that both phase I and II metabolism occurred in C. elegans. Cytochrome P450-dependent hydroxylation was observed in BPA. However, major reaction with bisphenol A and analogues with 1-2 halogen atoms were the formation of glucose-conjugate, not being inhibited by cytochrome P450 inhibitor. Overall metabolic rates decreased with increasing number of substitution at 2- and 6-position of BPA structures, which may be consequences of limited bioavailability or steric hindrance to conjugate-forming reaction. Information from the current study will provide detailed insights over the fungal metabolism of BPA and analogues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Gwanak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Young Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Keum
authors.forename: Hye Ri
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeong-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D020093:Cunninghamella / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010882:Piperonyl Butoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D010882:Piperonyl Butoxide; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds