title: [Classification and characters of physical parameters of lifting-thrusting and twirling manipulations of acupuncture].
abstract: By using "Acupuncture Manipulation Information Analyzing System", the traditional reinforcing and reducing manipulations of acupuncture described in classical Chinese medical books were imitated and their parameters analyzed. It was found that in the oscillogram, the differences between the reinforcing and reducing manipulations (rapid-slow reinforcing-reducing skill, lifting-thrusting reinforcing-reducing skill) are the bigger duration of descending branch (t1) and smaller duration of ascending branch (t2) for the former, and shorter t1 and longer t2 for the later, due to slow insertion and rapid withdrawal of the acupuncture needle for the reinforcing, and rapid insertion and slow withdrawal of needle for the reducing. While for twirling reinforcing, t1 < t2 for predominantly-leftward twirling, and for twirling reducing, t1 > t2 for predominantly-rightward twirling were found. In addition, it is supposed that those parameters as the amplitude (s), frequency (f) and duration of one cycle (t) of the oscillogram may be related to acupuncture stimulating quantity, while t3 (duration of the plateau segment), t4 (duration of the horizontal plane segment) and their variance may be associated with the stability of the acupuncture manipulation. Due to the limited literal recordation, some other traditional acupuncture manipulations can not simulate indeed, because we don't know how to perform those kinds of acupuncture manipulation. This just reflects the importance of objectivity of acupuncture manipulations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chinese Medical Engineering, College of Acumoxibustion, Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China. ltyabc@sina.com
authors.forename: Tang-yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hua-yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kuai
authors.forename: Gao
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ming
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy / Q000145:classification / Q000266:history / Q000379:methods*; D002681:China; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans