title: Evaluation of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 antigen expression in breast carcinomas of women treated with raloxifene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of raloxifene on Ki-67 and Bcl-2 antigen expression in operable, stage II, oestrogen-receptor-positive invasive ductal breast carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty post-menopausal women who had taken 60 mg of raloxifene daily for 28 days prior to definitive surgery were enrolled in the investigation. Two tumour samples were obtained by incisional biopsy during the study, one at the time of confirmation of diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma and evaluation of oestrogen receptor status, and the other 29 days later, at the time of definitive surgery. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tumour samples, prior to and after raloxifene treatment, to evaluate Ki-67 and Bcl-2 expression. Friedman and McNemar tests were used for statistical analysis of the data, significance being established at 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean percentage of Ki-67-stained nuclei was 24.86 +/- 2.95 prior to raloxifene treatment and 13.33 +/- 1.52 after treatment (P < 0.001). Prior to raloxifene treatment, only 9/20 cases (45%) were classified as Bcl-2-positive, whereas after treatment, 17/20 (85%) were classified as Bcl-2-positive (P < 0.013).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Raloxifene treatment significantly reduced Ki-67 antigen expression and increased Bcl-2 expression in breast carcinomas of post-menopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Mastology Division, Hospital Getúlio Vargas, Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
authors.forename: P V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Lopes-Costa
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: da Silva
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride
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