title: A simple and effective approach for the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with different Wagner grades.
abstract: Diabetic foot infections are the major cause of morbidity. Infection is the common sequel of diabetic foot ulceration that leads to delayed wound healing. These infections are difficult to control. If not addressed well in time, they may lead to amputation of foot. An attempt has been made to develop simple and effective treatment modality by using citric acid as a sole antimicrobial agent to control diabetic foot infections not responding to conventional treatment. Hundred and fifteen cases of diabetic foot ulcers of different Wagner grades infected with a variety of bacteria were investigated for culture and susceptibility, and susceptibility to citric acid. Citric acid gel was applied to ulcer to determine its efficacy in the management of diabetic foot ulcers with different Wagner grades. Citric acid gel was found effective in the control of foot infections; especially in Wagner grades I and II, the success rate was found to be more than 94%. In Wagner grade III also, it was found effective in complete healing of ulcers without deep osteomyelitis. Citric acid treatment is effective in the control of diabetic foot infections and in successful management of diabetic foot ulcers with Wagner grades I and II, and even with Wagner grade III, without deep osteomyelitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, MIMSR Medical College and YCR Hospital, Latur, India. dr_bsnagoba@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Basavraj S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Nagoba
authors.forename: Rajan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Bharat J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wadher
authors.forename: Arunkumar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Amol R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hartalkar
authors.forename: Sohan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Selkar
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000150:complications*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017592:Skin Care / Q000379:methods; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D019343:Citric Acid
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