Blood stream infections in cancer patients: a single center experience of isolates and sensitivity pattern.
BACKGROUND
Up to 10% of patients who develop a nosocomial blood stream infection (BSI) in the hospital have an underlying malignancy. The treatment of infections in patients with malignancy often relies on the use of established guidelines along with the consideration of the local microbiology and antibiotic sensitivity patterns of possible etiologic agents.


OBJECTIVE
This study attempts to identify the likely etiologic agents and the antibiotic sensitivity profile of BSIs in cancer patients.


METHODS
This was a retrospective study.


METHODS
The study was conducted at a tertiary care center for cancer patients, in which samples representing blood stream infections sent from the Medical Oncology services of the hospital during the year of 2007 were analysed. The microbiological profile and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of these isolates was studied.


RESULTS
There were 484 isolates that represented BSIs. The most common bacterial isolates from patients with cancer were Pseudomonas spp. (30.37%), Staphylococcus aureus (12.6%) and Acinetobacter spp. (11.57%). Meropenem was the most effective antibiotic with 71.2% sensitivity to the bacterial isolates it was tested against. Oxacillin resistance was seen in 18% of S. aureus isolates.


CONCLUSIONS
Gram-negative bacteria were more common as etiologic agents of BSIs in cancer patients. The poor activity of the primary empirical agents for infections in cancer namely ceftazidime and piperacillin-tazobactam is alarming.Strict regulation of vancomycin use should be considered in areas where there is a low prevalence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA).
Prabhash
K
K
Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
Medhekar
A
A
Ghadyalpatil
N
N
Noronha
V
V
Biswas
S
S
Kurkure
P
P
Nair
R
R
Kelkar
R
R
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents