Polybrominated diphenyl ethers and synthetic musks in umbilical cord serum, maternal serum, and breast milk from Seoul, South Korea.
Fetal and maternal exposure levels of two emerging pollutants, polybrominated diephenyl ethers (PBDEs) and synthetic musks, were measured in Korean general population to assess prenatal and postnatal exposures in infants. For this purpose, paired samples of breast milk, maternal and cord blood were collected from 20 Korean women in 2007. In comparison to data from other countries and previous data from Korea, relatively higher and gradually increasing concentrations for PBDEs were found in Korean breast milk (< LOQ to 590 ng g(-1) lipid wt; median=90 ng g(-1)). Differences in PBDEs and musk concentrations were found among age groups and parity levels. PBDEs concentrations in breast milk were lower in the younger mothers and/or the mothers with multiple parities, while these trends were not found for musks. Compared with PBDEs, concentrations of musks were significantly lower in breast milk than in serum and a little correlation in concentrations among the three human biological matrices were observed. The differences in the profiles of musks relative to PBDEs were due to different clearance rates between these two compounds. The average hazard quotients (HQs) for daily intake of PBDEs by infants via lactation were 0.62, 0.42, and 0.19 for BDE-47, BDE-99, and BDE-153, respectively.
Kang
Chang Seong
CS
Department of OB&GYN, KEPCO Medical Foundation, Hanil General Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Lee
Jong-Hyeon
JH
Kim
Seung-Kyu
SK
Lee
Kyu-Tae
KT
Lee
Jung Suk
JS
Park
Pan Soo
PS
Yun
Se Hun
SH
Kannan
Kurunthachalam
K
Yoo
Yung Wook
YW
Ha
Jeong Yi
JY
Lee
Seung Wook
SW
D000328:Adult; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D010476:Perfume / Q000378:metabolism*; D056910:Republic of Korea
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D010476:Perfume