title: Increasing a robust antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte response by FMDV DNA vaccination with IL-9 expressing construct.
abstract: Various chemokines and cytokines as adjuvants can be used to improve efficacy of DNA vaccination. In this study, we sought to investigate if a DNA construct expressing IL-9 (designed as proV-IL9) as a molecular adjuvant enhance antigen specific immune responses elicited by the pcD-VP1 DNA vaccination. Mice immunized with pcD-VP1 combined with proV-IL9 developed a strong humoral response. In addition, the coinoculation induced significant higher level of antigen-specific cell proliferation and cytotoxic response. This agreed well with higher expression level of IFN-gamma and perforin in CD8+ T cells, but not with IL-17 in these T cells. The results indicate that IL-9 induces the development of IFN-gamma-producing CD8+ T cells (Tc1), but not the IL-17-producing CD8+ T cells (Tc17). Up-regulated expressions of BCL-2 and BCL-XL were exhibited in these Tc1 cells, suggesting that IL-9 may trigger antiapoptosis mechanism in these cells. Together, these results demonstrated that IL-9 used as molecular adjuvant could enhance the immunogenicity of DNA vaccination, in augmenting humoral and cellular responses and particularly promoting Tc1 activations. Thus, the IL-9 may be utilized as a potent Tc1 adjuvant for DNA vaccines.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiaodan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yizhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Youmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hanqian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006224:Cricetinae; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D016906:Interleukin-9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011897:Random Allocation; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016906:Interleukin-9; C442501:VP1 protein, Foot-and-mouth disease virus; D019444:Vaccines, DNA
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 2009 Aug;86(2):435-43
references.pmid: 19487306
references.citation: J Leukoc Biol. 2000 Dec;68(6):793-806
references.pmid: 11129646
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 May 1;90(9):4156-60
references.pmid: 8483929
references.citation: Viral Immunol. 2009 Apr;22(2):131-8
references.pmid: 19327000
references.citation: Scand J Immunol. 1997 Sep;46(3):298-303
references.pmid: 9315120
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Feb 15;176(4):2505-11
references.pmid: 16456011
references.citation: Science. 1993 Mar 19;259(5102):1745-9
references.pmid: 8456302
references.citation: J Interferon Cytokine Res. 1998 Jul;18(7):537-47
references.pmid: 9712370
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1999 Sep 3;274(36):25855-61
references.pmid: 10464327
references.citation: Annu Rev Immunol. 1997;15:617-48
references.pmid: 9143702
references.citation: Blood. 2006 Sep 1;108(5):1770-3
references.pmid: 16675712
references.citation: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001 Apr;107(4):575-82
references.pmid: 11295641
references.citation: J Exp Med. 2009 Aug 3;206(8):1653-60
references.pmid: 19596803
references.citation: J Immunol. 2009 Dec 1;183(11):7161-8
references.pmid: 19917680
references.citation: J Immunol. 2009 Mar 15;182(6):3469-81
references.pmid: 19265125
references.citation: Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 2000 Nov;225(2):143-50
references.pmid: 11044257
references.citation: Nat Immunol. 2008 Dec;9(12):1341-6
references.pmid: 18931678
references.citation: Annu Rev Immunol. 2000;18:927-74
references.pmid: 10837079
references.citation: J Virol. 1997 Oct;71(10):7442-7
references.pmid: 9311823
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1998 Aug;66(8):3832-40
references.pmid: 9673269
references.citation: J Gene Med. 2007 Feb;9(2):136-46
references.pmid: 17310492
references.citation: J Immunol. 1997 Mar 1;158(5):2278-84
references.pmid: 9036975
references.citation: J Virol. 1998 May;72(5):4454-7
references.pmid: 9557740
references.citation: J Immunol. 1998 Oct 15;161(8):3943-9
references.pmid: 9780162
references.citation: Nature. 2006 Aug 31;442(7106):997-1002
references.pmid: 16921386
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Aug 4;106(31):12885-90
references.pmid: 19433802
references.citation: Nat Immunol. 2008 Dec;9(12):1347-55
references.pmid: 18997793
references.citation: Vaccine. 2004 Jul 29;22(21-22):2925-35
references.pmid: 15246629
references.citation: Immunology. 1993 May;79(1):146-51
references.pmid: 8509135
references.citation: Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1969;26(3):217-24
references.pmid: 4306367
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Sep;85(18):6934-8
references.pmid: 3137580
references.citation: Adv Immunol. 1993;54:79-97
references.pmid: 8379467
references.citation: Clin Microbiol Rev. 2004 Apr;17(2):465-93
references.pmid: 15084510