title: The pleiotropic effects of statins and omega-3 fatty acids against sepsis: a new perspective.
abstract: The available therapeutic options for sepsis are restricted by their effectiveness and high cost. Emerging preliminary data suggest that statins and omega-3 fatty acids (OM3FA) may be associated with improved outcomes in terms of prevention and treatment of sepsis. We sought to review the current evidence on the effectiveness of their combined administration against sepsis, by carrying out a review of PubMed and Scopus databases for relevant studies, without imposing language or time restrictions. No clinical studies were identified regarding the effect of the combination treatment with statins and OM3FA on sepsis in terms of prevention or treatment. However, there is experimental evidence that both statins and OM3FA inhibit the inflammatory process at different levels, but also enhance inhibition at those levels that are common. There are also preliminary data supporting the beneficial effect of this combination on platelet function and other haemostatic mechanisms. Appropriately designed and powered clinical trials are warranted to investigate the effectiveness and safety of the combined administration of statins and OM3FA for the prevention and treatment of sepsis.
authors.affiliation: Alfa Institute of Biomedical Sciences (AIBS), Marousi, Greece. m.falagas@aibs.gr
authors.forename: Gregory C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Makris
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Geroulakos
authors.forename: Marinos C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Makris
authors.forename: Dimitris P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Mikhailidis
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Falagas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors