The expression, function and regulation of mitochondrial alternative oxidase under biotic stresses.
To survive, plants possess elaborate defence mechanisms to protect themselves against virus or pathogen invasion. Recent studies have suggested that plant mitochondria may play an important role in host defence responses to biotic stresses. In contrast with animal mitochondria, plant mitochondria possess a unique respiratory pathway, the cyanide-insensitive alternative pathway, which is catalysed by the alternative oxidase (AOX). Much work has revealed that the genes encoding AOX, AOX protein and the alternative respiratory pathway are frequently induced during plant-pathogen (or virus) interaction. This raises the possibility that AOX is involved in host defence responses to biotic stresses. Thus, a key to the understanding of the role of mitochondrial respiration under biotic stresses is to learn the function and regulation of AOX. In this article, we focus on the theoretical and experimental progress made in the current understanding of the function and regulation of AOX under biotic stresses. We also address some speculative aspects to aid further research in this area.
Hanqing
Feng
F
College of Life Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, China. fenghanq@nwnu.edu.cn
Kun
Sun
S
Mingquan
Li
L
Hongyu
Li
L
Xin
Li
L
Yan
Li
L
Yifeng
Wang
W
D016923:Cell Death; D019069:Cell Respiration; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase
D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010940:Plant Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D000099188:Alternative Oxidase
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