title: Bacterial blood cultures in children with sickle cell disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are considered at risk for bacteremia, especially when they present to the emergency department (ED) with fever.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine the incidence of bacteremia in children with SCD presenting with or without fever to a pediatric ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of 692 pediatric ED visits of children with SCD during a 2-year period was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven blood cultures (6 homozygous and 1 heterozygous) had bacterial growth (1.3%; 95% confidence interval, 0.5-2.1), 3 of which were among febrile children (1.7%; 95% confidence interval, 0-3.6). All identified microorganisms are part of the normal skin or oral flora and could represent contamination. None of the patients had growth of the Streptococcus pneumoniae species.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A very low rate of bacterial growth and no S pneumoniae were found. The absence of S pneumoniae in our cohort can be associated with the addition of the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Alex L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rogovik
authors.forename: Jeremy N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Jeeshan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Persaud
authors.forename: Ran D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D002648:Child; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies