title: Nickel hypersensitivity: a clinical review and call to action.
abstract: Nickel sensitivity is common and increasing in prevalence. This review discusses nickel sensitivity and its association with body piercing and other environmental factors, occupational relevance, and potential implications for implantable metal medical devices. In addition, current European legislation that limits the release of nickel from jewelry is highlighted and an argument for similar legislation elsewhere is presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Minnesota, School of Medicine, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Schram
authors.forename: Erin M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Warshaw
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laumann
mesh_terms: D046288:Body Piercing / Q000009:adverse effects; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D055498:Jewelry / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009532:Nickel / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D010328:Patch Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000458:organization & administration*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D009532:Nickel