title: Effect of TachoSil in a coagulopathic pig model with blunt liver injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we investigated the efficacy of a fibrinogen/thrombin-coated collagen patch (TachoSil) to terminate severe bleeding in a coagulopathic pig model with blunt liver injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following surgical preparation, which included splenectomy and cystotomy, coagulopathy was induced by exchanging 80% of the animal's blood volume with hydroxyethylstarch 130/0.4 and lactated Ringer's solution. Subsequently, a grade III liver injury was induced by a force of 238 ± 19 Newton and free bleeding was allowed for 30 s. Animals were randomly assigned to receive either a placebo patch (cotton patch) (control group, n = 7) or a fibrinogen/thrombin patch (FT patch group, n = 7), which was positioned 30 s after injury on the inflicted area. Coagulation parameters, hemodynamic variables, as well as treatment were monitored for 2 h post-injury and patch placement. Histology was obtained to evaluate the equality of liver injury and to show the morphology of the FT patch.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemostasis after hemodilution was severely impaired. Blood loss after trauma was significantly diminished in the FT patch group (419 mL ± 90 mL) compared with the control group (1775 mL ± 358 mL) (P < 0.001). All animals treated with the FT patch survived, whereas 100% of the control group died before reaching the end of the observation period (P < 0.001). Gross sectioning and histology showed an equal degree of injury with a tight adherence of the FT patch.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TachoSil under severe coagulopathy effectively controlled bleeding and successfully prevented hemorrhagic death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany. ogrottke@ukaachen.de
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Grottke
authors.forename: Till
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Braunschweig
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daheim
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coburn
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grieb
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossaint
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tolba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000293:injuries*; D008297:Male; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D015503:Surgical Sponges; D015996:Survival Rate; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013916:Thrombelastography / Q000187:drug effects; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; C518955:TachoSil; D005340:Fibrinogen; D013917:Thrombin