title: Student behavior during a school closure caused by pandemic influenza A/H1N1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many schools were temporarily closed in response to outbreaks of the recently emerged pandemic influenza A/H1N1 virus. The effectiveness of closing schools to reduce transmission depends largely on student/family behavior during the closure. We sought to improve our understanding of these behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To characterize this behavior, we surveyed students in grades 9-12 and parents of students in grades 5-8 about student activities during a week long closure of a school during the first months after the disease emerged. We found significant interaction with the community and other students-though less interaction with other students than during school-with the level of interaction increasing with grade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results are useful for the future design of social distancing policies and to improving the ability of modeling studies to accurately predict their impact.
authors.affiliation: Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America. joel.c.miller.research@gmail.com
authors.forename: Joel C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Danon
authors.forename: Justin J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: O'Hagan
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lajous
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipsitch
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D001519:Behavior; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005190:Family; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000502:physiology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students; D014195:Travel
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