title: Effects of lesogaberan on reflux and lower esophageal sphincter function in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxations (TLESRs) are a major mechanism behind reflux. This study assessed the effects of lesogaberan (AZD3355), a novel gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor agonist, on reflux and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) function when used as add-on treatment in patients with reflux symptoms despite proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, patients received lesogaberan (65 mg) or placebo twice on day 1 (morning/evening) and once on day 2 (morning), in addition to existing PPI treatment. Patients consumed a standardized meal 45-60 minutes after morning doses. Ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring was conducted for 24 hours after the first dose on day 1. Stationary manometry and impedance-pH monitoring was conducted for 4 hours after the third dose on day 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 27 randomized patients, 21 were included in the per-protocol efficacy analysis. During the 24 hours after treatment start, lesogaberan reduced the mean number of reflux events by approximately 35% compared with placebo. During the 3 postprandial hours on day 2, lesogaberan reduced the geometric mean number of TLESRs by 25% and increased geometric mean LES pressure by 28% compared with placebo. The most common adverse events were headache (placebo: 11/27 patients; lesogaberan: 8/25 patients) and paresthesia (transient; placebo: 3/27 patients; lesogaberan: 5/25 patients).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with reflux symptoms despite PPI treatment, lesogaberan decreased the number of TLESRs and reflux episodes, and increased LES pressure compared with placebo. These findings support further evaluation of lesogaberan as an add-on treatment in patients partially responding to PPIs.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. guy.boeckxstaens@med.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: Guy E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Boeckxstaens
authors.forename: Hanneke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beaumont
authors.forename: Veerle
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mertens
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Denison
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruth
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Debra G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Silberg
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sifrim
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001530:Belgium; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D049631:Esophageal Sphincter, Upper / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D005260:Female; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010721:Phosphinic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011312:Pressure; D011437:Propylamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018755:GABA Agonists; D010721:Phosphinic Acids; D011437:Propylamines; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; C545087:lesogaberan