title: The Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative: progress report and future plans.
abstract: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) beginning in October 2004, is a 6-year research project that studies changes of cognition, function, brain structure and function, and biomarkers in elderly controls, subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). A major goal is to determine and validate MRI, PET images, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)/blood biomarkers as predictors and outcomes for use in clinical trials of AD treatments. Structural MRI, FDG PET, C-11 Pittsburgh compound B (PIB) PET, CSF measurements of amyloid beta (Abeta) and species of tau, with clinical/cognitive measurements were performed on elderly controls, subjects with mild cognitive impairment, and subjects with AD. Structural MRI shows high rates of brain atrophy, and has high statistical power for determining treatment effects. FDG PET, C-11 Pittsburgh compound B PET, and CSF measurements of Abeta and tau were significant predictors of cognitive decline and brain atrophy. All data are available at UCLA/LONI/ADNI, without embargo. ADNI-like projects started in Australia, Europe, Japan, and Korea. ADNI provides significant new information concerning the progression of AD.
authors.affiliation: Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco VA Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA. michael.weiner@ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Aisen
authors.forename: Clifford R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jagust
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Trojanowski
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Saykin
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cairns
authors.forename: Laurel A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Beckett
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toga
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siemers
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Patricia E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000569:Americas / Q000453:epidemiology; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D018450:Disease Progression; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008954:Models, Biological; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D016730:Program Development; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Feb 1;49(3):2123-33
references.pmid: 19913626
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Oct 15;48(1):138-49
references.pmid: 19481161
references.citation: Hippocampus. 2009 Jun;19(6):579-87
references.pmid: 19437497
references.citation: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2008 Dec;7(6):499-511
references.pmid: 19128207
references.citation: Lancet Neurol. 2009 Jul;8(7):619-27
references.pmid: 19523877
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2010 May;6(3):230-8
references.pmid: 20451871
references.citation: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2007 Nov;47(11):905-7
references.pmid: 18210831
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Feb 1;49(3):2352-65
references.pmid: 19857578
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2008 Jan;4(1):38-48
references.pmid: 18631949
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Nov 15;43(3):458-69
references.pmid: 18691658
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Apr 15;45(3):645-55
references.pmid: 19280686
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 2010 Aug;31(8):1340-54
references.pmid: 20570401
references.citation: Med Phys. 2009 Jun;36(6):2193-205
references.pmid: 19610308
references.citation: J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 2000 Aug;59(8):733-48
references.pmid: 10952063
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Jul 15;51(4):1345-59
references.pmid: 20230901
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Apr 1;50(2):516-23
references.pmid: 20034579
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Jun;51(2):654-64
references.pmid: 20202480
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Oct 15;43(1):59-68
references.pmid: 18675918
references.citation: Brain Imaging Behav. 2009 Jun;3(2):154-166
references.pmid: 20740072
references.citation: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2006 Nov;46(11):791-4
references.pmid: 17432181
references.citation: J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(2):647-57
references.pmid: 20182051
references.citation: Brain. 2008 Sep;131(Pt 9):2443-54
references.pmid: 18669512
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 2010 Aug;31(8):1326-39
references.pmid: 20570405
references.citation: Neurosignals. 2008;16(1):19-23
references.pmid: 18097156
references.citation: Exp Neurol. 2010 Jun;223(2):334-46
references.pmid: 19815015
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2009 Mar;5(2):105-7
references.pmid: 19328436
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Feb 15;39(4):1731-43
references.pmid: 18053747
references.citation: Neurology. 2010 Jan 19;74(3):201-9
references.pmid: 20042704
references.citation: Science. 2002 Jul 19;297(5580):353-6
references.pmid: 12130773
references.citation: Ann Neurol. 2009 Apr;65(4):403-13
references.pmid: 19296504
references.citation: Neuroscience. 2000;95(3):721-5
references.pmid: 10670438
references.citation: Eur Radiol. 2010 Mar;20(3):674-82
references.pmid: 19760240
references.citation: Brain. 2009 Aug;132(Pt 8):2036-47
references.pmid: 19439419
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Sep;30(9):2766-88
references.pmid: 19172649
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2010 Jan;6(1):39-53
references.pmid: 19592311
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2005 Jul;1(1):55-66
references.pmid: 17476317
references.citation: Brain. 2009 Apr;132(Pt 4):1067-77
references.pmid: 19251758
references.citation: Brain. 2009 May;132(Pt 5):1310-23
references.pmid: 19042931
references.citation: JAMA. 2009 Jul 22;302(4):436-7
references.pmid: 19622825
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2010 Jun;20(6):1305-13
references.pmid: 19776343
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2009 Dec 2;29(48):15223-31
references.pmid: 19955375
references.citation: J Nutr Health Aging. 2009 Apr;13(4):332
references.pmid: 19300869
references.citation: J Neurosci. 2010 Feb 10;30(6):2088-101
references.pmid: 20147537
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Apr 1;50(2):434-45
references.pmid: 20005963
references.citation: Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Oct;86(4):438-41
references.pmid: 19710641
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2011 Jan;68(1):58-66
references.pmid: 21220675
references.citation: Neuropsychology. 2010 Mar;24(2):258-63; discussion 264-266
references.pmid: 20230119
references.citation: Neurology. 2010 Jul 20;75(3):230-8
references.pmid: 20592257
references.citation: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2007 Apr;6(4):295-303
references.pmid: 17347655
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2009 Dec;66(12):1447-55
references.pmid: 20008648
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 2010 Jul;31(7):1107-21
references.pmid: 18838195
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Jan 15;49(2):1316-25
references.pmid: 19815080
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Oct 1;47(4):1506-13
references.pmid: 19477282
references.citation: JAMA. 2009 Jul 22;302(4):385-93
references.pmid: 19622817
references.citation: Neurosignals. 2008;16(1):11-8
references.pmid: 18097155
references.citation: AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2010 Feb;31(2):347-54
references.pmid: 20075088
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Sep 8;106(36):15483-8
references.pmid: 19717458
references.citation: J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Apr;27(4):685-91
references.pmid: 18302232
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2010 May;6(3):257-64
references.pmid: 20451874
references.citation: Neurology. 2009 Jul 28;73(4):294-301
references.pmid: 19636049
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2008 Jul;4(4):255-64
references.pmid: 18631976
references.citation: Neuroimaging Clin N Am. 2005 Nov;15(4):869-77, xi-xii
references.pmid: 16443497
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jan 5;107(1):384-8
references.pmid: 20080800
references.citation: Alzheimers Dement. 2009 May;5(3):234-70
references.pmid: 19426951
references.citation: Behav Neurol. 2009;21(1):129-36
references.pmid: 19847051
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Nov 15;53(3):1160-74
references.pmid: 20171287
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Oct;30(10):3238-53
references.pmid: 19277975
references.citation: J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2010 Aug 15;878(24):2209-16
references.pmid: 20643588
references.citation: Inf Process Med Imaging. 2007;20:446-57
references.pmid: 17633720
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Feb 15;39(4):1752-62
references.pmid: 18063391
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2006 Jun;31(2):627-40
references.pmid: 16480900
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Feb 15;44(4):1415-22
references.pmid: 19027862
references.citation: Ann Neurol. 2010 Mar;67(3):308-16
references.pmid: 20373342
references.citation: Neurology. 2009 Oct 13;73(15):1193-9
references.pmid: 19822868
references.citation: J Alzheimers Dis. 2006;9(3 Suppl):409-15
references.pmid: 16914879
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 1997 Jul-Aug;18(4):351-7
references.pmid: 9330961
references.citation: Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2009 Apr-Jun;23(2):139-45
references.pmid: 19474571
references.citation: Clin Chem. 2007 Mar;53(3):489-97
references.pmid: 17259231
references.citation: Neurology. 2009 Aug 11;73(6):457-65
references.pmid: 19667321
references.citation: Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet. 2010 Jun 5;153B(4):955-9
references.pmid: 20029940
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 May 4;107(18):8404-9
references.pmid: 20404173
references.citation: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2007 Nov;47(11):902-4
references.pmid: 18210830
references.citation: Radiology. 2009 Apr;251(1):195-205
references.pmid: 19201945
references.citation: Cereb Cortex. 2010 Sep;20(9):2069-79
references.pmid: 20051356
references.citation: IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2009 Jul;56(7):1838-48
references.pmid: 19336280
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Jul 15;51(4):1405-13
references.pmid: 20347044
references.citation: Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord. 2010 Apr-Jun;24(2):126-30
references.pmid: 19571736
references.citation: Brain. 2009 May;132(Pt 5):1355-65
references.pmid: 19339253
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Mar;45(1 Suppl):S3-15
references.pmid: 19041724
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Apr 15;50(3):883-92
references.pmid: 20070949
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Jun;46(2):394-410
references.pmid: 19236926
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 May 15;41(1):19-34
references.pmid: 18378167
references.citation: Lancet Neurol. 2010 Jan;9(1):119-28
references.pmid: 20083042
references.citation: Hum Brain Mapp. 2010 Apr;31(4):499-514
references.pmid: 19780044
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 May 1;45(4):1107-16
references.pmid: 19349228
references.citation: Neurobiol Aging. 2011 Jul;32(7):1207-18
references.pmid: 19660834
references.citation: Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009 Aug;6(4):347-61
references.pmid: 19689234
references.citation: Neuropsychologia. 2010 Apr;48(5):1237-47
references.pmid: 20034503
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2010 Nov;67(11):1370-8
references.pmid: 21060014
references.citation: Lancet Neurol. 2008 Aug;7(8):668-70
references.pmid: 18635012
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 May 15;51(1):63-75
references.pmid: 20139010
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Aug 07;4(8):e6501
references.pmid: 19668339
references.citation: Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2009;28(3):259-66
references.pmid: 19786778
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2009 Dec;66(12):1557-62
references.pmid: 20008664
references.citation: Neuroepidemiology. 2008;30(4):254-65
references.pmid: 18515975
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2009 Dec;48(4):668-81
references.pmid: 19615450
references.citation: Int Psychogeriatr. 2009 Aug;21(4):672-87
references.pmid: 19470201
references.citation: Neurology. 2009 Jul 28;73(4):287-93
references.pmid: 19636048
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Dec 8;106(49):20954-9
references.pmid: 19996185
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Nov 15;53(3):1051-63
references.pmid: 20100581
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2010 Aug;67(8):949-56
references.pmid: 20697045
references.citation: Lancet. 2008 Jul 19;372(9634):216-23
references.pmid: 18640458
references.citation: Curr Alzheimer Res. 2009 Aug;6(4):324-30
references.pmid: 19689230
references.citation: Neurology. 2002 Jun 25;58(12):1791-800
references.pmid: 12084879
references.citation: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2006 Nov;46(11):925-6
references.pmid: 17432221
references.citation: Rinsho Shinkeigaku. 2007 Nov;47(11):912-4
references.pmid: 18210833
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Jan 15;49(2):1820-30
references.pmid: 19800012
references.citation: Arch Neurol. 2010 Jun;67(6):688-96
references.pmid: 20558388
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Jul 1;51(3):956-69
references.pmid: 20211269
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2010 Aug 1;52(1):109-18
references.pmid: 20382238