title: Social influences on morphine sensitization in adolescent females.
abstract: We recently observed that social interactions influence morphine responsiveness in adolescent males. Given sex-related differences in both social interactions and responses to morphine, the present study examines social influences on morphine sensitization in adolescent female mice. Four experimental groups were examined: (1) morphine-treated mice (twice daily, 10-40 mg/kg, s.c.) housed physically and visually separated from saline-treated mice ('morphine only'), (2) morphine-treated mice housed together with saline-treated mice ('morphine cage-mates (of saline)'), (3) saline-treated mice housed together with morphine-treated mice ('saline cage-mates (of morphine)'), and (4) saline-treated mice housed physically and visually separated from morphine-treated mice ('saline only'). Following the treatment period, mice were tested individually for their locomotor response to 20 mg/kg morphine (s.c.). There were no significant differences in morphine-induced hyper-locomotion between saline only and saline cage-mates (of morphine) female adolescent mice. Notably, morphine only mice exhibited significantly greater morphine sensitization as compared to morphine cage-mates (of saline). Thus, this study demonstrates social influences on morphine sensitization in adolescent females. Drug use during early adolescence is a key predictor of later drug abuse and dependence during adulthood. Thus, understanding the specific vulnerabilities to drug use in this age group may represent a first step in helping develop more effective treatment programs.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hofford
authors.forename: Kris W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wellman
authors.forename: Shoshana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eitan
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012931:Social Environment
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D009020:Morphine
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