title: Indinavir-induced nephrolithiasis three and one-half years after cessation of indinavir therapy.
abstract: Nephrolithiasis is a known side effect of indinavir sulfate, a protease inhibitor used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The duration of its side effects, however, has not been well defined. We present a case where a patient presented with symptomatic indinavir-induced nephrolithiasis 3.5 years after discontinuing indinavir. We use this case to illustrate the pathophysiology of indinavir stones and hypothesize how they can occur years after discontinuation by discussing the pharmacokinetics of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.forename: Aviv
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hever
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tom
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sim
mesh_terms: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053040:Nephrolithiasis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019469:Indinavir
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