title: Reactivation of hepatitis B virus in HBsAg-negative patients with multiple myeloma: two case reports.
abstract: It was recently reported that hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation had occurred in HBsAg-negative lymphoma patients who received rituximab plus steroid combination chemotherapy. HBV reactivation in myeloma patients have not been reported extensively. We describe here two cases of HBV reactivation in HBsAg-negative myeloma patients receiving systemic chemotherapy: one from the medical records of 40 patients and another from 61 patients with prospective HBV-DNA monitoring. In the first case positive for anti-HBs, HBV reactivation was diagnosed when hepatitis developed during conventional chemotherapy such as MP and MCP regimen in a relapsed patient after autologous stem cell transplantation (APBSCT); in the second case positive for anti-HBc and anti-HBs, elevation of HBV-DNA was recognized by serial HBV-DNA monitoring performed prospectively following APBSCT. Interestingly, these two cases had the reduction of the titer of anti-HBs during the treatment, followed by HBV reactivation. These clinical data suggest that the HBV-DNA monitoring is necessary for not only HBsAg-positive but also HBsAg-negative myeloma patients with anti-HBc-positive and/or anti-HBs-positive following transplantation and after conventional chemotherapy in the salvage setting. Establishment of a standard strategy to prevent HBV reactivation is important for myeloma patients receiving systemic chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology and Immunology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-chou, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusumoto
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Asahi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ri
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Fuminaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sugauchi
authors.forename: Yasuhito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizokami
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014775:Virus Activation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D014750:Vincristine; D003907:Dexamethasone; D004317:Doxorubicin; D011239:Prednisolone; D008558:Melphalan
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