title: Antithrombogenic modification of small-diameter microfibrous vascular grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop small-diameter vascular grafts with a microstructure similar to native matrix fibers and with chemically modified microfibers to prevent thrombosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microfibrous vascular grafts (1-mm internal diameter) were fabricated by electrospinning, and hirudin was conjugated to the poly (L-lactic acid) microfibers through an intermediate linker of poly(ethylene glycol). The modified microfibrous vascular grafts were able to reduce platelet adhesion/aggregation onto microfibrous scaffolds, and immobilized hirudin suppressed thrombin activity that may interact with the scaffolds. This 2-pronged approach to modify microfibrous vascular graft showed significantly improved patency (from 50% to 83%) and facilitated endothelialization, and the microfibrous structure of the vascular grafts allowed efficient graft remodeling and integration, with the improvement of mechanical property (elastic modulus) from 3.5 to 11.1 MPa after 6 months of implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microfibrous vascular grafts with antithrombogenic microfibers can be used as small-diameter grafts, with excellent patency and remodeling capability.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Craig K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Hashi
authors.forename: Nikita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Derugin
authors.forename: Randall Raphael R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Janairo
authors.forename: Randall
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lotz
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006629:Hirudins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness / Q000187:drug effects; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D011091:Polyesters; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D014654:Vascular Patency / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006629:Hirudins; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C033616:poly(lactide); D013917:Thrombin
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