title: Adhesion and immunomodulatory effects of Bifidobacterium lactis HN019 on intestinal epithelial cells INT-407.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the adherence and immunomodulatory properties of a probiotic strain Bifidobacterium lactis (B. lactis) HN019.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adhesion assays of B. lactis HN019 and Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium) ATCC 14028 to INT-407 cells were carried out by detecting copies of species-specific genes with real-time polymerase chain reaction. Morphological study was further conducted by transmission electron microscopy. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression were assessed while enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect IL-8 protein secretion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The attachment of S. typhimurium ATCC 14028 to INT407 intestinal epithelial cells was inhibited significantly by B. lactis HN019. B. lactis HN019 could be internalized into the INT-407 cells and attenuated IL-8 mRNA level at both baseline and S. typhimurium-induced pro-inflammatory responses. IL-8 secretion was reduced while IL-1beta and TNF-alpha mRNA expression level remained unchanged at baseline after treated with B. lactis HN019.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  B. lactis HN019 does not up-regulate the intestinal epithelium expressed pro-inflammatory cytokine, it showed the potential to protect enterocytes from an acute inflammatory response induced by enteropathogen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Institutes of Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhuo-Yang
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Xiao-Kui
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D019936:Probiotics; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
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