Characterization and analysis of human chordoma cell lines.
METHODS
An experimental study to investigate the characterization of 3 chordoma cell lines.


OBJECTIVE
To characterize chordoma cell lines and generate hypothesis for further chordoma studies.


BACKGROUND
Three cultured human chordoma cell lines have been successfully generated; however, their characterization is incomplete. Complete characterization of chordoma cell lines is necessary for these reagents to be a useful preclinical model.


METHODS
Three chordoma cell lines, CH 8, U-CH1, and GP 60, were cultured in different commercially available tissue culture media. They were also cultured in different environments, which included collagen substrate, various concentrations of glucose, and various levels of hypoxic conditions. The rate of cell proliferation was assessed by either MTT or numeration assay. A 3-dimensional (3D) cell culture model of these chordoma cell lines was also studied, and the expression of vimentin and cytokeratin was measured by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Additionally, the sensitivity of the 3 chordoma cell lines to 6 chemotherapeutic drugs was analyzed.


RESULTS
CH 8, GP 60, and U-CH1 cells proliferate more actively in Iscove Modified Dulbecco Medium or Dulbecco modified Eagle Medium and less actively in RPMI medium. All 3 chordoma cell lines universally grow better in collagen substrate and survive in hypoxic conditions, whereas glucose concentration has no significant influence on their growth properties. Chordoma cell lines grew well in 3D culture systems and formed acini-like spheroids and retained the expression of vimentin and cytokeratin. MTT analysis indicates that all 3 chordoma cell lines are sensitive to doxorubicin, yondelis, zalypsis, and cisplatin.


CONCLUSIONS
We characterized 3 chordoma cell lines for differential growth properties in a variety of media and response to chemotherapeutic agents.
Yang
Cao
C
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sarcoma Biology Laboratory, Center for Sarcoma and Connective Tissue Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Hornicek
Francis J
FJ
Wood
Kirkham B
KB
Schwab
Joseph H
JH
Choy
Edwin
E
Iafrate
John
J
Rosenberg
Andrew
A
Nielsen
G Petur
GP
Xavier
Ramnik J
RJ
Mankin
Henry
H
Duan
Zhenfeng
Z
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002817:Chordoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004149:Dioxoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077606:Trabectedin; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004149:Dioxoles; C500383:PM 00104; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D014746:Vimentin; D007633:Keratins; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003094:Collagen; D000077606:Trabectedin; D005947:Glucose; D002945:Cisplatin
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