title: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effect of Ipomoea obscura (L) and its mode of action through the inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide and COX-2.
abstract: Ipomoea obscura (L) is a widely used medicinal plant. In this study, we investigated its anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effect using in vitro and in vivo models. Methanolic extract of I. obsucra (10 mg/kg b.wt) was given interaperitoneally before inducing inflammation (both acute and chronic) and tumor to mice. I. obscura produced significant inhibition of 55.6%, 42%, and 65% in the paw edema of animals induced by carrageenan, dextran, and formalin respectively. The extract was also a potent inhibitor of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO, CRP, and proinflammatory cytokine production via gene expression in peritoneal macrophages. TNF-α production by macrophage culture treated with LPS was found to be significantly inhibited by I. obscura. The extract was 100% toxic at a concentration of 500 µg/mL for both Dalton's lymphoma ascites (DLA) and Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells. The extract was also found to inhibit tumor cell proliferation in a dose and time-dependent manner. It could also inhibit solid tumor development in mice induced with DLA cells and increased life span of mice bearing EAC tumor to 83% and 53.8%, respectively. This anti-inflammatory effect of the extract is assumed to result mainly from the inhibition of some key enzymes and mediators involved in the inflammation and/or cell signaling pathways such as iNOS, COX-2, and proinflammatory cytokines. This anti-inflammatory property might be the reason for its anti-tumor effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar, Thrissur, Kerala, 680 555, India.
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Hamsa
authors.forename: Girija
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuttan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D027741:Ipomoea / Q000737:chemistry*; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
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