title: Could a dysfunction of ferritin be a determinant factor in the aetiology of some neurodegenerative diseases?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The concentration of iron in the brain increases with aging. Furthermore, it has also been observed that patients suffering from neurological diseases (e.g. Parkinson, Alzheimer...) accumulate iron in the brain regions affected by the disease. Nevertheless, it is still not clear whether this accumulation is the initial cause or a secondary consequence of the disease. Free iron excess may be an oxidative stress source causing cell damage if it is not correctly stored in ferritin cores as a ferric iron oxide redox-inert form.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both, the composition of ferritin cores and their location at subcellular level have been studied using analytical transmission electron microscopy in brain tissues from progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and Alzheimer disease (AD) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ferritin has been mainly found in oligodendrocytes and in dystrophic myelinated axons from the neuropili in AD. In relation to the biomineralization of iron inside the ferritin shell, several different crystalline structures have been observed in the study of physiological and pathological ferritin. Two cubic mixed ferric-ferrous iron oxides are the major components of pathological ferritins whereas ferrihydrite, a hexagonal ferric iron oxide, is the major component of physiological ferritin. We hypothesize a dysfunction of ferritin in its ferroxidase activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The different mineralization of iron inside ferritin may be related to oxidative stress in olygodendrocites, which could affect myelination processes with the consequent perturbation of information transference.
authors.affiliation: IMM-CNM, CSIC, 8 Isaac Newton, 28769 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain. quintanarodriguezc@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019189:Iron Metabolism Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008954:Models, Biological; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005293:Ferritins