title: Comorbid health conditions in women with syncope.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determine the comorbid conditions associated with syncope in women. In addition, we hypothesize a higher proportion of autonomic comorbid conditions during the female reproductive age.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified a cohort of patients admitted to US hospitals with the principal diagnosis of syncope. We compare patient demographics stratified by gender as well as syncope associated comorbidities. We compared these comorbidities in female of reproductive age (15-45) to men as control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From a total sample of 305,932, females constituted 56.7% (n = 173,434). Females were slightly older (mean age 70.9 +/- 17.9 vs. 66.7 +/- 17.3; P < 0.0001); with similar racial distribution (white 57.8 vs. 57.5%), and similar length of hospital stay (mean 2.66 +/- 2.63 vs. 2.68 +/- 2.72 days; P > 0.05). Females had higher proportion of migraine (1.65 vs. 1.29%; odds ratio 'OR' 1.29; 95% confidence interval 'CI' 1.21, 1.36); chronic fatigue syndrome (1.73 vs. 1.3%; OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.25, 1.4); gastroparesis (0.2 vs. 0.12%; OR 1.64; 95% CI 1.35, 1.98); interstitial cystitis (0.07 vs. 0.01%; OR 7.44; 95% CI 4.10, 13.5); and postural tachycardia syndrome (0.49 vs. 0.44%; OR 1.1; 95% CI 1.001, 1.23). Orthostatic hypotension was not different between the groups (P = 0.24). When the sample was stratified by age category, the odds ratio for gastroparesis, orthostatic hypotension, and postural tachycardia syndrome was increased (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher proportion of autonomic dysfunction was present in women compared to men. In addition, these comorbid autonomic conditions were especially prominent during the female reproductive age.
authors.affiliation: Autonomic Laboratory, Neurological Institute, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-5040, USA. Umit.Ulas@uhhospitals.org
authors.forename: Umit H
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Ulas
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chelimsky
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chelimsky
authors.forename: Aditya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandawat
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McNeeley
authors.forename: Amer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alshekhlee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D044469:Racial Groups; D012737:Sex Factors; D013575:Syncope / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult
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