title: Meloxicam protects cell damage from 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium toxicity via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway in human dopaminergic neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopaminergic neuronal death in the substantia nigra pars compacta. There is growing interest in the effects of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) against PD progression. In this study, we investigated the neuroprotective effect of NSAIDs on neuronal damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP(+)) in human dopaminergic SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Of the NSAIDs tested, only meloxicam indicated protective effect on MPP(+)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells, although such an effect was not established with indomethacin, ibuprofen and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitors (NS-398 and CAY-10404). The neuroprotective effect of meloxicam against MPP(+) toxicity was specific, as toxicities induced by other cytotoxic agents (such as rotenone, MG-132, tunicamycin and ethacrynic acid) were not attenuated by meloxicam. The neuroprotective effect of meloxicam on MPP(+)-induced apoptosis was abolished by a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, LY294002, but not by a MEK inhibitor, PD98059. The Akt phosphorylation levels were predominantly suppressed 4h after MPP(+) incubation (i.e. when the cell toxicity was not apparently observed yet). Meloxicam completely prevented the Akt phosphorylation suppression caused by MPP(+) exposure, while meloxicam per se did not promote the Akt phosphorylation. These results strongly suggest that the neuroprotective effect of meloxicam is mediated by the maintenance of cell survival signaling in the PI3K/Akt pathway, but not by COX-2 inhibition. Therefore, meloxicam may have therapeutic potential in preventing development or delaying progress of PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tasaki
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suno
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Tomoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asari
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D000077239:Meloxicam; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D058539:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009498:Neurotoxins; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D058539:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D000077239:Meloxicam; D004298:Dopamine