title: It's more than sex: exploring the dyadic nature of sleep and implications for health.
abstract: Sleep is a critical health behavior and one that is typically shared between husbands and wives or romantic partners. However, the science of sleep has traditionally conceptualized and evaluated sleep at the level of the individual. Considering the social context of sleep represents a significant shift in sleep research and also offers a critical opportunity for investigating sleep as a novel pathway linking close relationships with health. The purpose of this review is to integrate research that focuses on how sleep affects or is affected by close relationship functioning and to provide a heuristic framework for understanding the interface between close relationships, sleep, and health. Exploring the links between close relationships and sleep may contribute to our understanding of why some relationships confer health benefits, whereas others confer health risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. troxelw@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Wendy M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Troxel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology; D054541:Family Conflict / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006262:Health; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000502:physiology; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D010121:Oxytocin
references.citation: Sleep. 2007 Feb;30(2):219-23
references.pmid: 17326548
references.citation: Sleep. 2003 Dec 15;26(8):1029-36
references.pmid: 14746386
references.citation: Sleep. 2010 Feb;33(2):161-7
references.pmid: 20175399
references.citation: Psychol Assess. 2005 Sep;17(3):288-307
references.pmid: 16262455
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Dec;62(12):1377-84
references.pmid: 16330726
references.citation: Horm Res. 2007;67 Suppl 1:2-9
references.pmid: 17308390
references.citation: Sleep. 1987 Jun;10(3):244-8
references.pmid: 3629086
references.citation: Int J Cardiol. 2007 Jan 8;114(2):E50-2
references.pmid: 17070940
references.citation: J Fam Pract. 2002 Mar;51(3):229-35
references.pmid: 11978233
references.citation: Ann Epidemiol. 1996 Sep;6(5):442-51
references.pmid: 8915476
references.citation: J Fam Psychol. 2007 Mar;21(1):49-57
references.pmid: 17371109
references.citation: J Clin Sleep Med. 2008 Apr 15;4(2):123-7
references.pmid: 18468310
references.citation: Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1994 Sep;49(1):101-6
references.pmid: 7816858
references.citation: Sleep Med. 2008 Aug;9(6):603-14
references.pmid: 18024171
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999 Apr;159(4 Pt 1):1096-100
references.pmid: 10194151
references.citation: Eur Urol. 2002 Mar;41(3):240-4; discussion 244-5
references.pmid: 12180222
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2007 Jun;11(3):163-78
references.pmid: 17442599
references.citation: Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc. 2004 Aug;79(3):533-56
references.pmid: 15366762
references.citation: J Sleep Res. 2005 Dec;14(4):377-86
references.pmid: 16364138
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2003 Dec;7(6):523-39
references.pmid: 15018094
references.citation: Chest. 2003 Sep;124(3):780-1
references.pmid: 12969996
references.citation: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 2008 Sep;295(3):E686-91
references.pmid: 18593851
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 2007 Sep-Oct;69(7):692-9
references.pmid: 17724256
references.citation: Isr Med Assoc J. 2005 Jan;7(1):13-8
references.pmid: 15658139
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Dec 20;102(51):18757-62
references.pmid: 16339311
references.citation: Eur Respir J. 2001 Dec;18(6):996-1002
references.pmid: 11829108
references.citation: J Nerv Ment Dis. 1990 Feb;178(2):120-6
references.pmid: 2299336
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2007 Oct;11(5):389-404
references.pmid: 17854738
references.citation: J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Aug 15;3(5):519-28
references.pmid: 17803017
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2008 Apr 7;583(2-3):174-85
references.pmid: 18282566
references.citation: Percept Mot Skills. 1998 Jun;86(3 Pt 2):1141-2
references.pmid: 9700783
references.citation: Sleep. 2008 Apr;31(4):481-8
references.pmid: 18457235
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2000 Jun;4(3):253-262
references.pmid: 12531168
references.citation: Neuropsychopharmacology. 2003 Jan;28(1):193-8
references.pmid: 12496956
references.citation: Psychopharmacology (Berl). 2006 Apr;185(2):218-25
references.pmid: 16418825
references.citation: Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Jul;30(5):774-84
references.pmid: 16554114
references.citation: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007 May;32(4):407-10
references.pmid: 17383107
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 2009 Oct;71(8):828-35
references.pmid: 19661186
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 2005 May 9;165(9):1022-7
references.pmid: 15883241
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1969 Nov;6(3):330-7
references.pmid: 4311056
references.citation: Behav Sleep Med. 2009;7(1):2-19
references.pmid: 19116797
references.citation: J Fam Psychol. 2007 Mar;21(1):1-3
references.pmid: 17371104
references.citation: Health Psychol. 1998 Nov;17(6):537-45
references.pmid: 9848804
references.citation: Sleep. 2008 May;31(5):635-43
references.pmid: 18517034
references.citation: Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2009 Jan-Feb;51(4):294-302
references.pmid: 19110131
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 1997 Nov;1(1):45-56
references.pmid: 15310523
references.citation: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2005 May;90(5):3106-14
references.pmid: 15728214
references.citation: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1998 May;22(3):437-52
references.pmid: 9579331
references.citation: Sleep Med. 2006 Oct;7(7):585-91
references.pmid: 16996306
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2003 Feb;26(2):380-4
references.pmid: 12547866
references.citation: Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2008 May;12(2):141-67
references.pmid: 18453476
references.citation: Sleep. 2007 Dec;30(12):1667-73
references.pmid: 18246976
references.citation: Sleep. 2002 Sep 15;25(6):625-9
references.pmid: 12224841
references.citation: Chronobiol Int. 2009 Jan;26(1):80-92
references.pmid: 19142759
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 1997 Jul;122(1):5-37
references.pmid: 9204777
references.citation: Behav Sleep Med. 2006;4(2):104-13
references.pmid: 16579719
references.citation: Physiol Behav. 2007 Aug 15;91(5):579-87
references.pmid: 17477941
references.citation: Health Care Women Int. 2000 Mar;21(2):81-90
references.pmid: 10818830
references.citation: Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 1992 Summer;16(2):131-44
references.pmid: 1630727
references.citation: Regul Pept. 2003 Jul 15;114(2-3):145-52
references.pmid: 12832103
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 1992 Jul;112(1):39-63
references.pmid: 1529039
references.citation: J Fam Psychol. 2000 Mar;14(1):59-70
references.pmid: 10740682
references.citation: Med Care. 1999 Sep;37(9):858-73
references.pmid: 10493465
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2004 Jan;27(1):282-3
references.pmid: 14694011
references.citation: Diabetes Care. 2004 Oct;27(10):2464-9
references.pmid: 15451917
references.citation: JAMA. 1989 Sep 15;262(11):1479-84
references.pmid: 2769898
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 2001 Jul;127(4):472-503
references.pmid: 11439708
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2008 Aug;95(2):385-403
references.pmid: 18665709
references.citation: J Psychosom Res. 2002 Jul;53(1):585-8
references.pmid: 12127175
references.citation: Sleep Med Rev. 2010 Feb;14(1):35-46
references.pmid: 19939713
references.citation: Psychol Sci. 2002 Jul;13(4):384-7
references.pmid: 12137144
references.citation: Thorax. 2001 Jul;56(7):513-8
references.pmid: 11413348
references.citation: Issues Ment Health Nurs. 2006 Apr;27(3):319-30
references.pmid: 16484173
references.citation: Behav Sleep Med. 2009;7(1):22-36
references.pmid: 19116799
references.citation: J Neuroendocrinol. 2008 Jun;20(6):858-65
references.pmid: 18601710
references.citation: Semin Neurol. 2009 Sep;29(4):320-39
references.pmid: 19742409
references.citation: JAMA. 1997 Jun 25;277(24):1940-4
references.pmid: 9200634
references.citation: J Health Psychol. 2001 May;6(3):295-307
references.pmid: 22049374
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1998 May 1;840:656-63
references.pmid: 9629292
references.citation: Sleep. 2007 Jul;30(7):873-80
references.pmid: 17682658
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 2009 Sep;135(5):731-48
references.pmid: 19702380
references.citation: Health Psychol. 2005 Sep;24(5):526-31
references.pmid: 16162047
references.citation: Sleep. 2009 Jul;32(7):857-64
references.pmid: 19639748
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005 Dec 15;172(12):1590-5
references.pmid: 16192452
references.citation: J Psychiatr Pract. 2005 Mar;11(2):102-15
references.pmid: 15803045
references.citation: J Sleep Res. 2007 Sep;16(3):241-4
references.pmid: 17716271
references.citation: Sleep. 2005 Jan;28(1):47-54
references.pmid: 15700720
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 2008 Oct;70(8):883-9
references.pmid: 18842747
references.citation: Sleep. 2004 May 1;27(3):527-31
references.pmid: 15164910
references.citation: Sleep. 1994 Jun;17(4):308-15
references.pmid: 7973313
references.citation: Health Psychol. 2003 May;22(3):270-8
references.pmid: 12790254
references.citation: Mayo Clin Proc. 1999 Oct;74(10):955-8
references.pmid: 10918859
references.citation: J Psychiatr Res. 2006 Dec;40(8):700-8
references.pmid: 16978649
references.citation: J Clin Sleep Med. 2007 Aug 15;3(5 Suppl):S7-10
references.pmid: 17824495
references.citation: Health Psychol. 1999 Jan;18(1):63-71
references.pmid: 9925047
references.citation: Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Jun 15;179(12):1159-64
references.pmid: 19264976
references.citation: Hypertension. 2006 May;47(5):833-9
references.pmid: 16585410
references.citation: Br J Sociol. 2008 Mar;59(1):79-97
references.pmid: 18321332
references.citation: Sleep. 2010 Feb;33(2):177-84
references.pmid: 20175401
references.citation: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2007 Jun;32(5):565-74
references.pmid: 17499441
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 2000 Mar-Apr;62(2):227-30
references.pmid: 10772402
references.citation: J Affect Disord. 1997 Feb;42(2-3):209-12
references.pmid: 9105962
references.citation: Sleep. 2010 Jul;33(7):973-81
references.pmid: 20614858
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 2002 Mar;128(2):330-66
references.pmid: 11931522
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 2002 Jan-Feb;64(1):15-28
references.pmid: 11818582