Radical prostatectomy: evolution of surgical technique from the laparoscopic point of view.
OBJECTIVE
To review the literature and present a current picture of the evolution in radical prostatectomy from the laparoscopic point of view.


METHODS
We conducted an extensive Medline literature search. Articles obtained regarding laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) and our experience at Institut Montsouris were used for reassessing anatomical and technical issues in radical prostatectomy.


RESULTS
LRP nuances were reassessed by surgical teams in order to verify possible weaknesses in their performance. Our basic approach was to carefully study the anatomy and pioneer open surgery descriptions in order to standardized and master a technique. The learning curve is presented in terms of an objective evaluation of outcomes for cancer control and functional results. In terms of technique-outcomes, there are several key elements in radical prostatectomy, such as dorsal vein control-apex exposure and nerve sparing with particular implications in oncological and functional results. Major variations among the surgical teams' performance and follow-up prevented objective comparisons in radical prostatectomy. The remarkable evolution of LRP needs to be supported by comprehensive results.


CONCLUSIONS
Radical prostatectomy is a complex surgical operation with difficult objectives. Surgical technique should be standardized in order to allow an adequate and reliable performance in all settings, keeping in mind that cancer control remains the primary objective. Reassessing anatomy and a return to basics in surgical technique is the means to improve outcomes and overcome the difficult task of the learning curve, especially in minimally access urological surgery.
Cathelineau
Xavier
X
Department of Urology, Institut Montsouris, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. xavier.cathelineau@imm.org
Sanchez-Salas
Rafael
R
Barret
Eric
E
Rozet
Francois
F
Galiano
Marc
M
Benoist
Nicolas
N
Stakhovsky
Oleksandr
O
Vallancien
Guy
G
D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000601:surgery*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome