title: Mathematical analysis of intercellular calcium propagation induced by adenosine triphosphate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We previously demonstrated that intracellular calcium propagation was induced by stimulation of epidermal keratinocytes in skin slices or in culture with adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The feature of the calcium wave propagation appeared to be different between differentiated cells and proliferating cells, and so the mechanisms involved might be different.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Establish a new methodology to abstract cellular information from aggregative dynamics.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a mathematical analysis of the calcium wave to evaluate the mechanism of calcium ion propagation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A well-defined calcium wave was observed in differentiated cells in comparison with undifferentiated cells. Application of either 2APB [an inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor blocker] or U73122 (an IP3 synthesis blocker) reduced the amplitude of the wave in differentiated cells. Mathematical analysis indicated that U73122 decreased the velocity of the wave, while 2APB altered the wave form. Thus, IP3 synthesis might be important for signal transmission and IP3 movement might be important for pattern formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method we present here should be useful to analyze the effects of various reagents in in vitro studies.
authors.affiliation: Shiseido Research Center, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Moe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitahata
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sanno
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Denda
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004963:Estrenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D004963:Estrenes; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; C060229:1-(6-((3-methoxyestra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-yl)amino)hexyl)-1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate