Anthropometric measures, body mass index, and pancreatic cancer: a pooled analysis from the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan).
BACKGROUND
Obesity has been proposed as a risk factor for pancreatic cancer.


METHODS
Pooled data were analyzed from the National Cancer Institute Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan) to study the association between prediagnostic anthropometric measures and risk of pancreatic cancer. PanScan applied a nested case-control study design and included 2170 cases and 2209 control subjects. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression for cohort-specific quartiles of body mass index (BMI [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared]), weight, height, waist circumference, and waist to hip ratio as well as conventional BMI categories (underweight, <18.5; normal weight, 18.5-24.9; overweight, 25.0-29.9; obese, 30.0-34.9; and severely obese, > or = 35.0). Models were adjusted for potential confounders.


RESULTS
In all of the participants, a positive association between increasing BMI and risk of pancreatic cancer was observed (adjusted OR for the highest vs lowest BMI quartile, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.12-1.58; P(trend) < .001). In men, the adjusted OR for pancreatic cancer for the highest vs lowest quartile of BMI was 1.33 (95% CI, 1.04-1.69; P(trend) < .03), and in women it was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.05-1.70; P(trend) = .01). Increased waist to hip ratio was associated with increased risk of pancreatic cancer in women (adjusted OR for the highest vs lowest quartile, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.31-2.69; P(trend) = .003) but less so in men.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide strong support for a positive association between BMI and pancreatic cancer risk. In addition, centralized fat distribution may increase pancreatic cancer risk, especially in women.
Arslan
Alan A
AA
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, 550 First Ave, TH-528, New York, NY 10016, USA. alan.arslan@nyumc.org
Helzlsouer
Kathy J
KJ
Kooperberg
Charles
C
Shu
Xiao-Ou
XO
Steplowski
Emily
E
Bueno-de-Mesquita
H Bas
HB
Fuchs
Charles S
CS
Gross
Myron D
MD
Jacobs
Eric J
EJ
Lacroix
Andrea Z
AZ
Petersen
Gloria M
GM
Stolzenberg-Solomon
Rachael Z
RZ
Zheng
Wei
W
Albanes
Demetrius
D
Amundadottir
Laufey
L
Bamlet
William R
WR
Barricarte
Aurelio
A
Bingham
Sheila A
SA
Boeing
Heiner
H
Boutron-Ruault
Marie-Christine
MC
Buring
Julie E
JE
Chanock
Stephen J
SJ
Clipp
Sandra
S
Gaziano
J Michael
JM
Giovannucci
Edward L
EL
Hankinson
Susan E
SE
Hartge
Patricia
P
Hoover
Robert N
RN
Hunter
David J
DJ
Hutchinson
Amy
A
Jacobs
Kevin B
KB
Kraft
Peter
P
Lynch
Shannon M
SM
Manjer
Jonas
J
Manson
Joann E
JE
McTiernan
Anne
A
McWilliams
Robert R
RR
Mendelsohn
Julie B
JB
Michaud
Dominique S
DS
Palli
Domenico
D
Rohan
Thomas E
TE
Slimani
Nadia
N
Thomas
Gilles
G
Tjønneland
Anne
A
Tobias
Geoffrey S
GS
Trichopoulos
Dimitrios
D
Virtamo
Jarmo
J
Wolpin
Brian M
BM
Yu
Kai
K
Zeleniuch-Jacquotte
Anne
A
Patel
Alpa V
AV
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D050177:Overweight / Q000453:epidemiology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference
Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Dec 1;162(11):1123-31
16236996
J Clin Oncol. 2005 Jul 20;23(21):4742-54
16034050
Cancer Causes Control. 2007 Mar;18(2):165-75
17219012
Cancer Causes Control. 2000 Aug;11(7):645-52
10977109
Int J Cancer. 2002 Mar 20;98(3):480-2
11920604
Int J Cancer. 1991 Jan 2;47(1):1-6
1845960
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2005 Oct 5;97(19):1407-27
16204691
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1992 Jun;74(6):1355-60
1375600
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Apr;18(4):1295-302
19318433
Int J Cancer. 2007 Jun 15;120(12):2665-71
17304505
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1985 May;67:49-52
4047150
Br J Cancer. 2005 Nov 28;93(11):1310-5
16288300
Int J Cancer. 1990 Sep 15;46(3):435-44
2394510
Cancer Causes Control. 2006 Sep;17(7):901-9
16841257
Int J Epidemiol. 1993 Feb;22(1):30-7
8449644
Control Clin Trials. 1998 Feb;19(1):61-109
9492970
JAMA. 2000 May 17;283(19):2552-8
10815119
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Feb;14(2):459-66
15734973
Br J Nutr. 2007 Nov;98(5):1006-13
17524168
Int J Cancer. 1991 May 30;48(3):390-4
2040534
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Jun;14(6):1571-3
15941975
Lancet. 1991 Aug 24;338(8765):464-8
1678444
Control Clin Trials. 2000 Dec;21(6 Suppl):251S-272S
11189683
Cancer Causes Control. 2007 Aug;18(6):603-12
17401636
Med Hypotheses. 2001 Aug;57(2):146-50
11461162
JAMA. 2009 Jun 24;301(24):2553-62
19549972
Cancer. 2002 May 1;94(9):2490-501
12015775
Br J Cancer. 2003 Mar 10;88(5):679-83
12659113
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Feb 1;87(3):190-7
7707406
Public Health Nutr. 2002 Dec;5(6B):1113-24
12639222
Int J Cancer. 2005 Jan 1;113(1):148-57
15386435
Int J Cancer. 1990 Apr 15;45(4):604-8
2157670
CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Mar-Apr;55(2):74-108
15761078
Nat Rev Cancer. 2005 May;5(5):388-96
15864280
Int J Obes (Lond). 2005 Oct;29(10):1267-74
15997248
JAMA. 2001 Aug 22-29;286(8):921-9
11509056
Am J Epidemiol. 2003 Feb 15;157(4):335-44
12578804
Br J Cancer. 2005 Oct 31;93(9):1062-7
16234822
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2006 May;15(5):879-85
16702364
Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Mar 1;167(5):586-97
18270373
Lancet. 2004 Mar 27;363(9414):1049-57
15051286
Ann Epidemiol. 1994 Jan;4(1):1-10
8205268
Mayo Clin Proc. 2006 Jun;81(6):783-91
16770979
N Engl J Med. 2003 Apr 24;348(17):1625-38
12711737
Int J Cancer. 1994 Jul 1;58(1):46-9
8014014
JAMA. 2001 Aug 22-29;286(8):967-8
11509062
Int J Cancer. 2006 Jan 15;118(2):458-66
16049963
Gut. 1987;28 Suppl:51-5
2446963
Cancer Causes Control. 2002 Jun;13(5):417-26
12146846
Control Clin Trials. 1989 Dec;10(4 Suppl):142S-150S
2605963
Diabetes. 1985 Oct;34(10):980-6
2412919
Hawaii Med J. 2006 Jan;65(1):26-8
16602615
J Surg Res. 1996 Jun;63(1):310-3
8661216