title: The effect of marathon on mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic proteins and sirtuins family in male recreational long-distance runners.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A large body of evidence shows that a single bout of strenuous exercise induces oxidative stress in circulating human lymphocytes leading to lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, mitochondrial perturbations, and protein oxidation.In our research, we investigated the effect of physical load on the extent of apoptosis in primary cells derived from blood samples of sixteen healthy amateur runners after marathon (a.m.).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood samples were collected from ten healthy amateur runners peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood and bcl-2, bax, heat shock protein (HSP)70, Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), Mn-SOD, inducible nitric oxide synthase (i-NOS), SIRT1, SIRT3 and SIRT4 (Sirtuins) RNA levels were determined by Northern Blot analysis. Strenuous physical load significantly increased HSP70, HSP32, Mn-SOD, Cu-Zn SOD, iNOS, GADD45, bcl-2, forkhead box O (FOXO3A) and SIRT1 expression after the marathon, while decreasing bax, SIRT3 and SIRT4 expression (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that the physiological load imposed in amateur runners during marathon attenuates the extent of apoptosis and may interfere with sirtuin expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medicine and Biochemical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy. gabriellamarfe@libero.it
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marfe
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tafani
authors.forename: Bruna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pucci
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Stefano
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Indelicato
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andreoli
authors.forename: Matteo Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sinibaldi-Salimei
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manzi
mesh_terms: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000071316:Forkhead Box Protein O3; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000235:genetics; D056566:Sirtuin 3 / Q000235:genetics; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000235:genetics*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D000071316:Forkhead Box Protein O3; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D056566:Sirtuin 3; D037761:Sirtuins; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C494826:BAX protein, human; C499517:FOXO3 protein, human; C439070:GADD45A protein, human; D000097642:GADD45 Proteins; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; C466093:SIRT3 protein, human; C525357:SIRT4 protein, human
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