title: Expression of microRNA-208 is associated with adverse clinical outcomes in human dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, microRNA-208 (miR-208) encoded by the alpha-myosin heavy chain (MHC) gene, has been shown to be involved in pathological cardiac growth, fibrosis, and up-regulation of beta-MHC expression. A recent study has also reported 2 additional myosin-expressed miRNAs (miR-208b and miR-499). The aim of this study was to determine whether miR-208, miR-208b, and miR-499 are expressed with MHC mRNA in human dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), and whether these levels are related to left ventricular (LV) function and to clinical outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endomyocardial biopsy tissues were obtained from 82 patients with DCM and 21 subjects without LV dysfunction as controls. Levels of miR-208, miR-208b, and miR-499 were higher in DCM patients than in controls. Levels of alpha-MHC mRNA were lower in patients with DCM than in controls, whereas beta-MHC mRNA levels were higher in patients with DCM compared with controls. Levels of miR-208 were correlated with beta-MHC mRNA levels and myocardial collagen volume, whereas levels of miR-208b and miR-499 showed no correlation. After a mean follow-up of 517 days, an increase in miR-208 levels was shown to be a strong predictor of clinical outcomes (RR 3.4, 95% CI 1.1-11.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that myocardial expression of miR-208 is associated with MHC mRNA expression and with poor clinical outcomes in patients with DCM. We conclude that miR-208 may therefore be involved in the progression of human DCM.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine and Memorial Heart Center, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan. m_satoh@imu.ncvc.go.jp <m_satoh@imu.ncvc.go.jp>
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: Motoyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D024723:Ventricular Myosins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C548683:MIRN499 microRNA, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D003094:Collagen; D024723:Ventricular Myosins; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains