title: Suspended animation extends survival limits of Caenorhabditis elegans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at low temperature.
abstract: The orderly progression through the cell division cycle is of paramount importance to all organisms, as improper progression through the cycle could result in defects with grave consequences. Previously, our lab has shown that model eukaryotes such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Danio rerio all retain high viability after prolonged arrest in a state of anoxia-induced suspended animation, implying that in such a state, progression through the cell division cycle is reversibly arrested in an orderly manner. Here, we show that S. cerevisiae (both wild-type and several cold-sensitive strains) and C. elegans embryos exhibit a dramatic decrease in viability that is associated with dysregulation of the cell cycle when exposed to low temperatures. Further, we find that when the yeast or worms are first transitioned into a state of anoxia-induced suspended animation before cold exposure, the associated cold-induced viability defects are largely abrogated. We present evidence that by imposing an anoxia-induced reversible arrest of the cell cycle, the cells are prevented from engaging in aberrant cell cycle events in the cold, thus allowing the organisms to avoid the lethality that would have occurred in a cold, oxygenated environment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Kin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Jesse P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Goldmark
authors.forename: Mark B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001542:Benomyl / Q000494:pharmacology; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D048430:Cell Shape; D003080:Cold Temperature; D006605:Hibernation / Q000502:physiology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000378:metabolism; D022101:Microtubule-Organizing Center / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D028861:Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D050257:Tubulin Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; C082594:NDC1 protein, S cerevisiae; D028861:Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D050257:Tubulin Modulators; D010100:Oxygen; D001542:Benomyl
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