Rapid effects of progesterone on ciliary beat frequency in the mouse fallopian tube.
BACKGROUND
The physiological regulation of ciliary beat frequency (CBF) within the fallopian tube is important for controlling the transport of gametes and the fertilized ovum. Progesterone influences gamete transport in the fallopian tube of several mammalian species. In fallopian tubes isolated from cows, treatment with 20 micromolar progesterone caused a rapid reduction of the tubal CBF. The aims of this study were to establish methodology for studying fallopian tube CBF in the mouse, as it is an important model species, and to investigate if progesterone rapidly affects the CBF of mice at nM concentrations.


METHODS
A method to assess tubal CBF of mice was developed. Fallopian tubes were dissected and the tissue was cut in small pieces. Tissue samples with moving cilia were located under an inverted bright field microscope and held still against the bottom of a petri dish by a motorized needle system. Images were acquired over 90 minutes at 35 degrees C with a high-speed camera and used for assessing changes in the CBF in response to the addition of hormone.


RESULTS
The baseline CBF of the mouse fallopian tube was 23.3 +/- 3.8 Hz. The CBF was stable over at least 90 minutes allowing establishment of a baseline frequency, addition of hormone and subsequent recordings. Progesterone at concentrations of 20 micromolar and 100 nM significantly reduced the CBF by 10% and 15% respectively after 30 minutes compared with controls.


CONCLUSIONS
The present study demonstrates that the mouse, despite its small size, is a useful model for studying the fallopian tube CBF ex vivo. The rapid reduction in CBF by 100 nM progesterone suggests that gamete transport in the fallopian tube could be mediated by progesterone via a non-genomic receptor mechanism.
Bylander
Anna
A
Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden.
Nutu
Magdalena
M
Wellander
Rikard
R
Goksör
Mattias
M
Billig
Håkan
H
Larsson
D G Joakim
DG
D000818:Animals; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002923:Cilia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol
Endocrinology. 2009 Jan;150(1):473-84
18801904
Hum Reprod. 1998 Nov;13(11):2991-4
9853843
Fertil Steril. 2007 Apr;87(4):991-4
17430736
Fertil Steril. 2008 Aug;90(2):391-4
17888432
Arch Gynakol. 1977 May 29;222(3):197-211
578094
Mol Reprod Dev. 2007 Jul;74(7):843-50
17154304
Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2009 Aug 28;7:89
19715581
Mol Endocrinol. 2006 Jul;20(7):1519-34
16484338
Mol Hum Reprod. 2007 Dec;13(12):845-51
17977902
Science. 1976 Mar 12;191(4231):1052-3
1251215
Gynecol Invest. 1975;6(3-4):123-45
809314
Fertil Steril. 1977 Sep;28(9):955-61
892048
Steroids. 2004 Aug;69(8-9):567-73
15288771
J Endocrinol. 2006 Dec;191(3):525-35
17170211
Dev Biol. 2005 Sep 1;285(1):70-9
16099448
Biol Reprod. 1989 Jun;40(6):1131-6
2775809
Hum Reprod. 2006 Jan;21(1):52-6
16172146
Reprod Biomed Online. 2002 Mar-Apr;4(2):160-9
12470580
Lancet. 2002 Oct 19;360(9341):1221-2
12401250
Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1977 Sep;32(7):602-3
904790
Fertil Steril. 2006 Sep;86(3):745-9
16784744
Hum Reprod. 2007 May;22(5):1224-30
17347170
Nature. 1980 Feb 21;283(5749):764-5
6766533
Steroids. 2009 Jul;74(7):614-21
19071147
Arch Gynakol. 1976 Dec 10;221(4):345-66
137700
Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1957;36(1):22-8
13424207
Biol Reprod. 1989 Oct;41(4):761-70
2620081
Endocrinology. 1992 Sep;131(3):1458-66
1505477
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2237-42
12601167
Steroids. 2008 Dec 22;73(14):1416-23
18722396
Fertil Steril. 1992 Dec;58(6):1191-8
1459270
Hum Reprod. 2002 Mar;17(3):584-8
11870107
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2231-6
12574519
J Assist Reprod Genet. 2000 Feb;17(2):103-6
10806589
Hum Reprod. 1996 Jul;11(7):1504-9
8671493
Steroids. 2008 Oct;73(9-10):935-41
18275978
Gen Comp Endocrinol. 2010 Jan 1;165(1):144-54
19539624
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1996 Jul;81(7):2719-25
8675601
Biol Reprod. 1995 Dec;53(6):1243-50
8562677
Gynecol Invest. 1975;6(3-4):186-205
809315
Mol Hum Reprod. 2006 Sep;12(9):577-85
16820403
Horm Metab Res. 2004 Mar;36(3):136-41
15057665
Andrologia. 1998 Aug-Sep;30(4-5):249-53
9739422
Endocrinology. 2009 Aug;150(8):3833-44
19423765