title: The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative positron emission tomography core.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This is a progress report of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) positron emission tomography (PET) Core.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Core has supervised the acquisition, quality control, and analysis of longitudinal [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET) data in approximately half of the ADNI cohort. In an "add on" study, approximately 100 subjects also underwent scanning with [(11)C] Pittsburgh compound B PET for amyloid imaging. The Core developed quality control procedures and standardized image acquisition by developing an imaging protocol that has been widely adopted in academic and pharmaceutical industry studies. Data processing provides users with scans that have identical orientation and resolution characteristics despite acquisition on multiple scanner models. The Core labs have used many different approaches to characterize differences between subject groups (Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, controls), to examine longitudinal change over time in glucose metabolism and amyloid deposition, and to assess the use of FDG-PET as a potential outcome measure in clinical trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADNI data indicate that FDG-PET increases statistical power over traditional cognitive measures, might aid subject selection, and could substantially reduce the sample size in a clinical trial. Pittsburgh compound B PET data showed expected group differences, and identified subjects with significant annual increases in amyloid load across the subject groups. The next activities of the PET core in ADNI will entail developing standardized protocols for amyloid imaging using the [(18)F]-labeled amyloid imaging agent AV45, which can be delivered to virtually all ADNI sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADNI has demonstrated the feasibility and utility of multicenter PET studies and is helping to clarify the role of biomarkers in the study of aging and dementia.
authors.affiliation: Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA. jagust@berkeley.edu
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jagust
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bandy
authors.forename: Kewei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Norman L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Landau
authors.forename: Chester A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mathis
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reiman
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skovronsky
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Koeppe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D001931:Brain Mapping; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013844:Thiazoles
chemical_list: C475519:2-(4'-(methylamino)phenyl)-6-hydroxybenzothiazole; D000682:Amyloid; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D013844:Thiazoles; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18
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