title: Clinicopathologic and treatment-related factors influencing recurrence and survival after hepatic resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a 19-year experience from an established Australian hepatobiliary unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma is rare, but its incidence is rapidly increasing in developed countries. Early detection and surgical extirpation offer the only hope for cure. Given the rarity of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, there is limited knowledge regarding its natural history, clinicopathological characteristics, or outcomes following surgery. The primary aim of the current study is to report overall survival and recurrence-free survival outcomes following resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. The secondary aim is to evaluate the impact of prognostic variables on outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between November 1990 and November 2009, 88 patients were evaluated for their suitability for potentially curative surgery; of these, 40 patients underwent potentially curative surgery. These patients are the principal subjects of the current analysis. Patients were assessed at monthly intervals for the first 3 months and then at six monthly intervals after treatment. Recurrence-free survival and overall survival were determined; 17 clinicopathological and treatment-related factors associated with recurrence-free survival and overall survival were evaluated through univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patient was lost to follow-up. The median follow-up was 31 months (range = 0-142 months). The median recurrence-free survival and overall survival after resection were 21 and 33 months, respectively. The 5-year survival rate was 28%. Four factors were associated with overall survival: carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (p = 0.020), clinical stage (p = 0.018), histological grade (p = 0.020), and lymph node metastases (p = 0.003). Two factors were associated with recurrence-free survival: carbohydrate antigen 19.9 (p = 0.002) and margin status (p = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hepatic resection is an efficacious treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Clincopathological factors can predict outcome and should be used in the preoperative assessment of operability.
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary and Surgical Oncology Unit, UNSW Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, Kogarah, NSW 2217, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Akshat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: Terence C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: Anik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate / Q000032:analysis; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015295:Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate
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