title: Rapid 3D radial multi-echo functional magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: Functional magnetic resonance imaging with readouts at multiple echo times is useful for optimizing sensitivity across a range of tissue T2* values as well as for quantifying T2*. With single-shot acquisitions, both the minimum TE value and the number of TEs which it is possible to collect within a single TR are limited by the long echo-planar imaging readout duration (20-40 ms). In the present work, a multi-shot 3D radial acquisition which allows rapid whole-brain imaging at a range of echo times is proposed. The proposed 3D k-space coverage is implemented via a series of rotations of a single 2D interleaf. Data can be reconstructed at a variety of temporal resolutions from a single dataset, allowing for a flexible tradeoff between temporal resolution and BOLD contrast to noise ratio. It is demonstrated that whole-brain images at 5 echo times (TEs from 10 to 46 ms) can be acquired at a temporal rate as rapid as 400 ms/volume (3.75 mm isotropic resolution). Activation maps for a simultaneous motor/visual task consistent across multiple acceleration factors are obtained. Weighted combination of the echoes results in Z-scores that are significantly (p=0.016) higher than those resulting from any of the individual echo time images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University/University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Griswold
authors.forename: Jean A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tkach
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity