title: Association between length of storage of transfused red blood cells and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome in pediatric intensive care patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective was to determine if there is an association between red blood cell (RBC) storage time and development of new or progressive multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) in critically ill children.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an analytic cohort analysis of patients enrolled in a randomized controlled trial, TRIPICU (Transfusion Requirements in Pediatric Intensive Care Units; ISRCTN37246456), in which stable critically ill children were randomly assigned to a restrictive or liberal strategy. Transfused patients were analyzed using three different sliding time cutoffs (7, 14, and 21 days). Storage time for multiply transfused patients was defined according to the oldest unit transfused.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 455 patients were retained (liberal, 310; restrictive, 145). Multivariate logistic regression was performed to determine independent associations. In the restrictive group, a maximum RBC storage time of more than 21 days was independently associated with new or progressive MODS (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-9.04). The same association was found in the liberal group for a storage time of more than 14 days (adjusted OR, 2.50; 95% CI, 1.12-5.58). When the two groups were combined in a meta-analysis, a storage time of more than 14 days was independently associated with increased MODS (adjusted OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.20-4.15) and more than 21 days was associated with increased Pediatric Logistic Organ Dysfunction (PELOD) scores (adjusted mean difference, 4.26; 95% CI, 1.99-6.53) and higher mortality (9.2% vs. 3.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stable critically ill children who receive RBC units with storage times longer than 2 to 3 weeks may be at greater risk of developing new or progressive MODS.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Critical Care and the Hematology-Oncology Division, Sainte-Justine Hospital and Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gauvin
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Spinella
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lacroix
authors.forename: Ghassan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Choker
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ducruet
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Karam
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hébert
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tucci
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017707:Erythrocyte Transfusion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology*; D013997:Time Factors