title: Notch-1 and notch-4 receptors as prognostic markers in breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies looking at immunohistochemical (IHC) staining of Notch receptors in breast cancer and correlation with known prognostic factors are sparse.
  
  
  METHODS
  IHC staining for nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membrane Notch-1 (N1), Notch-4 (N4), and Jagged-1 (JAG1) was performed and correlated with known prognostic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 48 breast cancers, 36 (67%) were invasive, mean age was 50 years (range 43-86 years), 37 (77%) were estrogen receptor (ERα) positive, and 13 (27%) node positive. There was significantly more marked N1 membranous staining in ERα-positive tumors (P < .05). On univariate analysis, cytoplasmic N1 was significantly correlated with node status and tumor grade (P < .05); both cytoplasmic and membranous N4 significantly correlated with Ki67 (P < .05); and membranous JAG1 significantly correlated with Ki67 (P < .05). On multivariate analysis, only cytoplasmic N1 significantly correlated with node status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IHC of Notch markers is feasible and correlates with known prognostic factors consistent with a biological role of Notch signaling in breast cancer progression.
authors.affiliation: NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL, USA. kyao@northshore.org
authors.forename: Katharine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Prabha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Albain
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rychlik
authors.forename: Sneha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000072100:Jagged-1 Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D060787:Neoplasm Grading; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051881:Receptor, Notch1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000074562:Receptor, Notch4; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000072099:Serrate-Jagged Proteins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C000606273:JAG1 protein, human; D000072100:Jagged-1 Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C497761:NOTCH1 protein, human; C106075:NOTCH4 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D000074562:Receptor, Notch4; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D000072099:Serrate-Jagged Proteins