title: Susceptibility loci associated with prostate cancer progression and mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease with a variable natural history that is not accurately predicted by currently used prognostic tools.
  
  
  METHODS
  We genotyped 798 prostate cancer cases of Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry treated for localized prostate cancer between June 1988 and December 2007. Blood samples were prospectively collected and de-identified before being genotyped and matched to clinical data. The survival analysis was adjusted for Gleason score and prostate-specific antigen. We investigated associations between 29 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and biochemical recurrence, castration-resistant metastasis, and prostate cancer-specific survival. Subsequently, we did an independent analysis using a high-resolution panel of 13 SNPs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On univariate analysis, two SNPs were associated (P<0.05) with biochemical recurrence, three SNPs were associated with clinical metastases, and one SNP was associated with prostate cancer-specific mortality. Applying a Bonferroni correction (P<0.0017), one association with biochemical recurrence (P=0.0007) was significant. Three SNPs showed associations on multivariable analysis, although not after correcting for multiple testing. The secondary analysis identified an additional association with prostate cancer-specific mortality in KLK3 (P<0.0005 by both univariate and multivariable analysis).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified associations between prostate cancer susceptibility SNPs and clinical end points. The rs61752561 in KLK3 and rs2735839 in the KLK2-KLK3 intergenic region were strongly associated with prostate cancer-specific survival, and rs10486567 in the 7JAZF1 gene were associated with biochemical recurrence. A larger study will be required to independently validate these findings and determine the role of these SNPs in prognostic models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Clinical Genetics Service, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, New York 10065, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vijai
authors.forename: Angel M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vickers
authors.forename: Mia M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gaudet
authors.forename: Samson
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fine
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: Howard I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Scher
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Halldén
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dutra-Clarke
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Peter T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Scardino
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eastham
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lilja
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirchhoff
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Offit
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology
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