title: Sensitivity of ultrasound for the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess: a case report and literature review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tubo-ovarian abscess is a serious complication of pelvic inflammatory disease, with a high associated morbidity. Although tubo-ovarian abscess is not a rare entity, its diagnosis presents multiple challenges. Prior literature has suggested that pelvic ultrasound is now the "gold standard" in the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Given the increasing use of ultrasound in the emergency department, it is important to understand the diagnostic value of transvaginal ultrasound in ruling in and ruling out important gynecologic emergencies. Our objective is to review the literature to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound in the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess.
  
  
  METHODS
  We review a case of a 31-year-old woman with frank peritonitis caused by a tubo-ovarian abscess diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography after an initial negative transvaginal ultrasound.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found evidence for lower sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound for the diagnosis of tubo-ovarian abscess than generally reported in the emergency medicine literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, New York University/Bellevue Emergency Medicine Residency, NYU Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Anand K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000328:Adult; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography