Estrogen and ERalpha: culprits in cervical cancer?
Estrogen and its receptors are implicated in the promotion and prevention of various cancers. Although the uterine cervix is highly responsive to estrogen, the role of estrogen in cervical cancer, which is strongly associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, is poorly understood. Recent studies in HPV transgenic mouse models provide evidence that estrogen and its nuclear receptor promote cervical cancer in combination with HPV oncogenes. Although epidemiological studies further support this hypothesis, there is little experimental data assessing the hormonal responsiveness of human cervical cancers. If these cancers are dependent on estrogen, then drugs targeting estrogen and its receptors could be effective in treating and/or preventing cervical cancer, the second leading cause of death by cancer among women worldwide.
Chung
Sang-Hyuk
SH
McArdle Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1400 University Ave, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
Franceschi
Silvia
S
Lambert
Paul F
PF
D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006801:Humans; D009857:Oncogenes; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control
D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators
Br J Cancer. 2004 Jan 12;90(1):146-52
14710222
Virology. 2009 Feb 20;384(2):410-4
18986661
Int J Cancer. 2006 Sep 1;119(5):1108-24
16570271
J Clin Invest. 2006 Mar;116(3):561-70
16511588
Cell Cycle. 2005 Sep;4(9):1201-15
16082211
Obstet Gynecol. 2006 Aug;108(2):410-9
16880313
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004 Dec 28;101(52):18123-8
15601761
Endocr Relat Cancer. 2007 Jun;14(2):169-87
17639036
Virology. 2009 Feb 20;384(2):335-44
19007963
Nature. 1983 Jun 30;303(5920):767-70
6866078
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2007;39(2):413-25
17092759
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 19;103(38):14152-7
16959885
Cancer Res. 2003 Dec 1;63(23):8173-80
14678972
Nat Rev Cancer. 2006 Oct;6(10):753-63
16990853
J Gen Virol. 1989 Aug;70 ( Pt 8):2227-32
2549190
Lancet. 2007 Nov 10;370(9599):1609-21
17993361
Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 15;69(14):5656-63
19584294
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2009 Nov;18(11):2957-64
19861518
Cancer Res. 2008 Apr 15;68(8):2622-31
18413729
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Feb 15;102(7):2490-5
15699322
JAMA. 2006 Jun 21;295(23):2727-41
16754727
EMBO J. 1987 Dec 1;6(12):3735-43
2828035
BMJ. 2009 Jul 28;339:b2569
19638649
Lancet Oncol. 2008 May;9(5):425-34
18407790
Cancer Res. 2006 Oct 1;66(19):9393-400
17018593
Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2004 Sep-Oct;14(5):871-4
15361197
Br J Cancer. 2003 Jul 7;89(1):88-93
12838306
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1996 Apr 2;93(7):2930-5
8610145
J Clin Oncol. 2010 Jan 20;28(3):509-18
19949017
Cancer. 2003 Aug 15;98(4):814-21
12910527
Nature. 1988 Oct 27;335(6193):832-5
2847052
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1996 Jul 25;224(3):651-9
8713103
Trends Microbiol. 1994 Jul;2(7):229-34
8081649
Cancer Res. 2003 Aug 15;63(16):4862-71
12941807
Nat Rev Cancer. 2003 Dec;3(12):952-9
14737125
J Biol Chem. 2004 Dec 24;279(52):54230-40
15496419
Mol Cancer. 2008 Jan 09;7:3
18184435
J Virol. 2006 Jul;80(13):6669-77
16775354
Int J Gynecol Cancer. 2000 Mar;10(2):157-164
11240668
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2008 Jan;52(1):105-13
18058857
Cancer Res. 2009 May 15;69(10):4407-14
19435895
Cancer Res. 2008 Dec 1;68(23):9928-34
19047174
Cancer Res. 1992 Dec 15;52(24):6848-52
1333883
Gynecol Oncol. 2000 Aug;78(2):123-9
10926790
Anticancer Res. 1997 Nov-Dec;17(6D):4557-62
9494568
Ann Intern Med. 2000 Dec 19;133(12):942-50
11119395
Virology. 2009 Feb 20;384(2):260-5
19135222
Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Jan;7(1):11-22
17186016
Cancer Res. 2009 Apr 15;69(8):3300-7
19351862
Cancer Res. 2000 Mar 1;60(5):1267-75
10728686
Virology. 2009 Feb 20;384(2):324-34
19081593
Gynecol Oncol. 1988 Jun;30(2):228-38
3371749
Nat Rev Cancer. 2002 May;2(5):342-50
12044010
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2003 Apr 11;303(3):932-9
12670501
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Nov 17;106(46):19467-72
19901334
Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1998 Oct;80(2):221-5
9846673
Cancer Res. 1999 Aug 15;59(16):3991-7
10463597
Gynecol Oncol. 2003 Jun;89(3):360-8
12798696
J Pathol. 1999 Sep;189(1):12-9
10451482
Cancer Res. 2007 Feb 15;67(4):1626-35
17308103
Anticancer Res. 1993 Nov-Dec;13(6B):2457-63
7907850