title: [Local anesthesia in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: apical periprostatic nerve block versus endorectal lidocaine gel. A randomized controlled trial of 100 patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrarectal lidocaine application and apical periprostatic nerve block are a safe technique that significantly reduces pain during transrectal prostate biopsy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We compare prospectively the effectiveness of intrarectal lidocaine gel versus periprostatic lidocaine injection during transrectal ultrasound -guided prostate biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2005 to February 2006, 100 consecutive patients underwent prostatic biopsies. Patients were randomized to receive 10 cc of 2% lidocaine gel in endorectally (Group I), 10 cc of 1% lidocaine solution injected into the prostate apex to induce bilateral periprostatic nerve block (Group II), or intrarectal 10 cc of ultrasound gel as placebo (Groupe III). Pain was evaluated by a 10-point linear visual analogue pain scale (VAS), and a 5-point digital visual scale (DVS). The side effects of the drugs and complications were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three groups counted respectively: 33, 33 and 34 patients and were statically comparable as the age, prostate volume, PSA level and the number of biopsies. The mean pain score on the VAS was respectively 4,1;4,6 and 3,5 for the three groups. The DVS score was 2,5; 2,8 and 2,15 (p < 0.001). Pain scores were significantly lower in Group 3 and equivalent between Groups 1 and 2. There is no difference in complication rate between the three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to intrarectal lidocaine application, apical periprostatic nerve block is a safe technique that significantly reduces pain during transrectal prostate biopsy, with no increase in the complication rate.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Urologie, CHU La Rabra, Tunis, Tunisie.
authors.forename: Sallami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sataa
authors.forename: Mejri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramzi
authors.forename: Chelif
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Ben Salah
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Imed
authors.forename: Ben Rhouma
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Sami
authors.forename: Hafsia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghassen
authors.forename: Nouira
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yassine
authors.forename: Horchani
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle / Q000379:methods; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005782:Gels; D008012:Lidocaine