Task-dependent V1 responses in human retinitis pigmentosa.
OBJECTIVE
During measurement with functional MRI (fMRI) during passive viewing, subjects with macular degeneration (MD) have a large unresponsive lesion projection zone (LPZ) in V1. fMRI responses can be evoked from the LPZ when subjects engage in a stimulus-related task. The authors report fMRI measurements on a different class of subjects, those with retinitis pigmentosa (RP), who have intact foveal vision but peripheral visual field loss.


METHODS
The authors measured three RP subjects and two control subjects. fMRI was performed while the subjects viewed drifting contrast pattern stimuli. The subjects passively viewed the stimuli or performed a stimulus-related task.


RESULTS
During passive viewing, the BOLD response in the posterior calcarine cortex of all RP subjects was in phase with the stimulus. A bordering, anterior LPZ could be identified by responses that were in opposite phase to the stimulus. When the RP subjects made stimulus-related judgments, however, the LPZ responses changed: the responses modulated in phase with the stimulus and task. In control subjects, the responses in a simulated V1 LPZ were unchanged between the passive and the stimulus-related judgment conditions.


CONCLUSIONS
Task-dependent LPZ responses are present in RP subjects, similar to responses measured in MD subjects. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that deleting the retinal input to the LPZ unmasks preexisting extrastriate feedback signals that are present across V1. The authors discuss the implications of this hypothesis for visual therapy designed to replace the missing V1 LPZ inputs and to restore vision.
Masuda
Yoichiro
Y
Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. massuuu@gmail.com
Horiguchi
Hiroshi
H
Dumoulin
Serge O
SO
Furuta
Ayumu
A
Miyauchi
Satoru
S
Nakadomari
Satoshi
S
Wandell
Brian A
BA
D000328:Adult; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012607:Scotoma / Q000503:physiopathology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058609:Visual Field Tests; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology
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