title: Effect of high-dosage cholecalciferol and extended physiotherapy on complications after hip fracture: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Care of elderly patients after hip fracture is not well established.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 173 patients with acute hip fracture who were 65 years or older (79.2% women; mean age, 84 years; 77.4% living at home). Using a factorial design, we randomly allocated patients to extended physiotherapy (PT) (supervised 60 min/d during acute care plus an unsupervised home program) vs standard PT (supervised 30 min/d during acute care plus no home program; single-blinded), and to cholecalciferol therapy, 2000 vs 800 IU/d (double-blinded). Primary outcome was rate of falls; secondary outcome was rate of hospital readmissions during the 12-month follow-up. All analyses included 173 individuals and used multivariate Poisson regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 50.9% of participants had 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of less than 12 ng/mL and 97.7% of less than 30 ng/mL. We documented 212 falls and 74 hospital readmissions. Because this was a factorial design trial, all analyses tested the main effect of each treatment while controlling for the other in 173 participants. Extended vs standard PT reduced the rate of falls by 25% (95% confidence interval [CI], -44% to -1%). Cholecalciferol treatment, 2000 vs 800 IU/d, did not reduce falls (28%; 95% CI, -4% to 68%), but reduced the rate of hospital readmissions by 39% (95% CI, -62% to -1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extended PT was successful in reducing falls but not hospital readmissions, whereas cholecalciferol treatment, 2000 IU/d, was successful in reducing hospital readmission but not falls. Thus, the 2 strategies may be useful together because they address 2 different and important complications after hip fracture.
authors.affiliation: Centre on Aging and Mobility, University of Zurich, University Hospital Zurich, Gloriastrasse 25, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland. Heike.Bischoff@usz.ch
authors.forename: Heike A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Bischoff-Ferrari
authors.forename: Bess
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson-Hughes
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Platz
authors.forename: Endel J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Orav
authors.forename: Hannes B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Stähelin
authors.forename: Walter C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: Uenal
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Can
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Egli
authors.forename: Nicolas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Silvan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Looser
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bretscher
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Minder
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vergopoulos
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Theiler
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000517:prevention & control; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010359:Patient Readmission; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013557:Switzerland
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002762:Cholecalciferol