title: Neuronal generator patterns of olfactory event-related brain potentials in schizophrenia.
abstract: To better characterize neurophysiologic processes underlying olfactory dysfunction in schizophrenia, nose-referenced 30-channel electroencephalogram was recorded from 32 patients and 35 healthy adults (18 and 18 male) during detection of hydrogen sulfide (constant-flow olfactometer, 200 ms unirhinal exposure). Event-related potentials (ERPs) were transformed to reference-free current source density (CSD) waveforms and analyzed by unrestricted Varimax-PCA. Participants indicated when they perceived a high (10 ppm) or low (50% dilution) odor concentration. Patients and controls did not differ in detection of high (23% misses) and low (43%) intensities and also had similar olfactory ERP waveforms. CSDs showed a greater bilateral frontotemporal N1 sink (305 ms) and mid-parietal P2 source (630 ms) for high than low intensities. N1 sink and P2 source were markedly reduced in patients for high intensity stimuli, providing further neurophysiological evidence of olfactory dysfunction in schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cognitive Neuroscience, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York 10032, USA. kayserj@pi.cpmc.columbia.edu
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kayser
authors.forename: Craig E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Tenke
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malaspina
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kroppmann
authors.forename: Jennifer D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deptula
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gates
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Harkavy-Friedman
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Gerard E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Bruder
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016477:Artifacts; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009812:Odorants; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide
references.citation: Brain Cogn. 1995 Apr;27(3):288-310
references.pmid: 7626278
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 2007 Nov;44(6):949-67
references.pmid: 17640266
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2001 Mar;40(2):119-27
references.pmid: 11165350
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2010 Feb;75(2):194-210
references.pmid: 19995583
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2005 Dec;116(12):2826-46
references.pmid: 16257577
references.citation: Am J Psychiatry. 1989 Oct;146(10):1320-2
references.pmid: 2782479
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 2003 Jul;40(4):612-9
references.pmid: 14570168
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2006 Feb 27;17(3):231-4
references.pmid: 16462588
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 1996 Oct;23(3):199-205
references.pmid: 8947785
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 1997 Jul 15;42(2):104-15
references.pmid: 9209727
references.citation: Neuroimage. 2008 Jul 15;41(4):1426-36
references.pmid: 18485742
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2005 Aug;116(8):1747-53
references.pmid: 16000258
references.citation: Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1998 Sep;108(5):449-55
references.pmid: 9780015
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 2006 May;43(3):237-52
references.pmid: 16805862
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2003 Dec;114(12):2307-25
references.pmid: 14652090
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2006 Feb;31(2):181-96
references.pmid: 16339268
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 2010 Jan 1;47(1):133-46
references.pmid: 19761526
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Apr 15;59(8):762-72
references.pmid: 16497277
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1996 Jul;33(4):376-84
references.pmid: 8753937
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 2003 Mar;40(2):209-25
references.pmid: 12820862
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Feb;117(2):348-68
references.pmid: 16356767
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2001 Jun;26(5):551-76
references.pmid: 11418502
references.citation: Laryngoscope. 1998 Jul;108(7):1033-5
references.pmid: 9665252
references.citation: J Clin Psychiatry. 2003 Jun;64(6):663-7
references.pmid: 12823080
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Jun;117(6):1367-75
references.pmid: 16651024
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2004 Sep;29(7):629-37
references.pmid: 15337687
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2001 Aug;112(8):1523-30
references.pmid: 11459693
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2001 May 15;49(10):832-47
references.pmid: 11343680
references.citation: Psychiatry Res. 1998 Apr 10;82(1):53-61
references.pmid: 9645551
references.citation: Brain Res Cogn Brain Res. 2003 Mar;16(1):11-25
references.pmid: 12589884
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1999 May;36(3):281-7
references.pmid: 10352551
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1994 Nov;51(11):849-59; discussion 863-4
references.pmid: 7944874
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2000 May;36(2):105-22
references.pmid: 10742566
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2006 Feb;117(2):369-80
references.pmid: 16356768
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2006 Sep;31(7):699-704
references.pmid: 16849435
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 2008 Jul;102(1-3):220-9
references.pmid: 18457935
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2008 Oct;70(1):16-22
references.pmid: 18514341
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 2001 Apr 15;49(1-2):179-91
references.pmid: 11343876
references.citation: Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1989 Feb;72(2):184-7
references.pmid: 2464490
references.citation: Brain Res. 2006 Nov 20;1120(1):141-50
references.pmid: 17010951
references.citation: Brain Cogn. 1993 Jul;22(2):182-98
references.pmid: 8373572
references.citation: Neuropsychopharmacology. 1999 Sep;21(3):325-40
references.pmid: 10457530
references.citation: Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1984 Jun;59(3):249-60
references.pmid: 6203715
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 2003 Mar 1;53(5):403-11
references.pmid: 12614993
references.citation: J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2006 Jul;31(4):263-70
references.pmid: 16862244
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 1993 Jul;15(1):51-8
references.pmid: 8407434
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 1999 Jun;32(3):251-60
references.pmid: 10437636
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 1998 Aug;107(3):399-411
references.pmid: 9715575
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2001 Mar;112(3):545-50
references.pmid: 11222978
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2000 May;36(2):133-45
references.pmid: 10742568
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1998 Sep;35(5):576-90
references.pmid: 9715101
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 2002 Sep 1;57(1):69-79
references.pmid: 12165377
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 1993 Jul 1-15;34(1-2):26-40
references.pmid: 8373937
references.citation: Acta Psychol (Amst). 1970;33:193-201
references.pmid: 5445964
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2009 Sep;73(3):186-206
references.pmid: 19275917
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 2000 Sep 1;44(3):221-32
references.pmid: 10962224
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2006 Jun 3;170(1):78-83
references.pmid: 16563529
references.citation: Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1999 Mar;56(3):267-76
references.pmid: 10078505
references.citation: Neuropsychologia. 1971 Mar;9(1):97-113
references.pmid: 5146491
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2000 May;36(2):91-104
references.pmid: 10742565
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 1999 Jun;32(3):205-14
references.pmid: 10437632
references.citation: J Neurosci Methods. 2003 Mar 30;124(1):103-12
references.pmid: 12648769
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 1999 Dec;34(3):249-65
references.pmid: 10610049
references.citation: Neuroreport. 2000 Aug 21;11(12):2711-6
references.pmid: 10976949
references.citation: Behav Brain Res. 2006 Jan 30;166(2):197-203
references.pmid: 16183142
references.citation: J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2006 Nov;28(8):1444-61
references.pmid: 17050269
references.citation: Nature. 1998 Mar 19;392(6673):282-6
references.pmid: 9521322
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1997 Jul;34(4):414-26
references.pmid: 9260494
references.citation: Scand J Psychol. 2008 Jun;49(3):231-7
references.pmid: 18419588
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2004 Oct;29(8):731-45
references.pmid: 15466819
references.citation: Clin Neurophysiol. 2004 Oct;115(10):2195-222
references.pmid: 15351361
references.citation: Schizophr Res. 1995 Oct;17(2):195-9
references.pmid: 8562494
references.citation: Biol Psychiatry. 1997 Oct 15;42(8):721-32
references.pmid: 9325566
references.citation: Neurophysiol Clin. 2006 Mar-Apr;36(2):53-62
references.pmid: 16844543
references.citation: Int J Psychophysiol. 2008 Jan;67(1):1-16
references.pmid: 17963912
references.citation: Chem Senses. 2006 Oct;31(8):705-11
references.pmid: 16844768
references.citation: Psychophysiology. 1998 Jul;35(4):470-8
references.pmid: 9643062
references.citation: Chem Senses. 1997 Oct;22(5):493-502
references.pmid: 9363349