[Anemia and severe thrombocytopenia in celiac disease].
BACKGROUND
The frequency of diagnosis of celiac disease has increased since the introduction of serologic testing. The number of patients in whom extraintestinal symptoms reflect the initial manifestation is rising. Common symptoms are changes in blood counts, which can arise from changes in all cell lineages. Among these, iron deficiency anemia is very common, but also thrombocytosis and thrombocytopenia have been reported to manifest themselves within the framework of celiac disease.


METHODS
The authors report on a patient with malnutrition, macrocytic anemia, and pronounced thrombocytopenia. Based on changes of peripheral blood smear and endoscopic result, celiac disease was suspected that could be confirmed by histology of duodenal biopsies. The thrombocytopenia was reversible after initiation of gluten-free diet and folic acid substitution. In addition, clinical symptoms resolved and hematologic reconstitution could be observed.


CONCLUSIONS
Similar deficiencies have almost exclusively been observed in patients with increased folic acid requirements during pregnancy or intensive care. Celiac disease must be taken into consideration, if changes in blood counts occur associated with gastrointestinal symptoms.
Hatting
Maximilian
M
Medizinische Klinik III, Universitätsklinikum Aachen (RWTH), Aachen, Germany.
Galm
Oliver
O
Meyer
Martin
M
Trautwein
Christian
C
Tischendorf
Jens J W
JJ
D000748:Anemia, Macrocytic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D001706:Biopsy; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000473:pathology; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011502:Protein-Energy Malnutrition / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
D005492:Folic Acid
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