title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha) and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) reside in mitochondria: possible direct function in mitochondrial biogenesis.
abstract: The transcriptional co-activator PGC-1alpha and the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 are considered important inducers of mitochondrial biogenesis because in the nucleus they regulate transcription of nucleus-encoded mitochondrial genes. We demonstrate that PGC-1alpha and SIRT1 are also present inside mitochondria and are in close proximity to mtDNA. They interact with mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) as assessed by confocal microscopy analysis and by blue native-PAGE. Nucleoid purification allowed us to identify SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha as proteins associated with native and cross-linked nucleoids, respectively. After mtDNA immunoprecipitation analysis, carried out on mitochondrial extracts, we found that PGC-1alpha is present on the same D-loop region recognized by TFAM. Finally, by oligonucleotide pulldown assay, we found PGC-1alpha and SIRT1 associated with the TFAM consensus sequence (human mitochondrial transcription factor-binding site H). The results obtained suggest that in mitochondria PGC-1alpha and SIRT1 may function as their nuclear counterparts and represent the genuine factors mediating the cross-talk between nuclear and mitochondrial genome. Finally, this work adds new knowledge on the function of SIRT1 and PGC-1alpha and highlights the direct involvement of such proteins in regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aquilano
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vigilanza
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baldelli
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pagliei
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rotilio
authors.forename: Maria Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Ciriolo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D009841:Oligonucleotides; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; C485290:Ppargc1a protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1
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