title: Anti-inflammatory effect of crude extract and isolated compounds from Baccharis illinita DC in acute skin inflammation.
abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGYCAL RELEVANCE: The tea from the leaves of Baccharis illinita DC (Asteraceae family) is commonly used by the population as anti-inflammatory (including topically), protective gastric and anti-infectious. However, no studies have been done with this species to confirm its topical anti-inflammatory action.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated he topical effects of crude extract of leaves (CE) and its active constituents in 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate (TPA)-induced ear oedema.
  
  
  METHODS
  CE and compounds effects were tested in commonly used models of TPA-, arachidonic acid (AA)- and capsaicin-ear oedema. Polymorphonuclear (PMN) cell migration was evaluated by mieloperoxidase and analyzed histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CE (0.1-1 mg/ear) caused a dose-related inhibition of TPA-induced ear oedema and PMN influx similarly to that produced by topical application of the steroidal anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone. The active constituents of the AcOEt fraction kaurenoic acid, alpha-spinasterol, oleanolic acid and baurenol also inhibited TPA-induced ear edema. Histological analysis of the ear of CE-treated animals confirmed the reduction of edema and of PMN infiltration. Both CE and the nosteroidal anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin inhibited the AA-induced ear oedema, but did not change capsaicin-induced oedema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the CE and the active constituents have a topical anti-inflammatory effect and the possible mechanisms for the pharmacological effects are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Federal University Federal of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Shirley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boller
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soldi
authors.forename: Maria C A
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Elide P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Daniela A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cabrini
authors.forename: Moacir G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Pizzolatti
authors.forename: Aleksander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zampronio
authors.forename: Michel F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Otuki
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D031175:Baccharis; D002211:Capsaicin; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004423:Ear; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013265:Stigmasterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D028321:Plant Preparations; C031312:spinasterol; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C051436:kaurenoic acid; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D013265:Stigmasterol; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002211:Capsaicin