title: Inhibitory effects of whisky congeners on IgE-mediated degranulation in rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cells and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice.
abstract: Whisky is matured in oak casks. Many nonvolatile substances (whisky congeners, WC) seep from the oak cask during the maturing process. In this study, three antiallergic agents (syringaldehyde, SA; lyoniresinol, Lyo; and ellagic acid, EA) were isolated from WC. Treatment with SA, Lyo, and EA reduced the elevation of intracellular free Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) and intracellular ROS production caused by FcepsilonRI activation. The inhibitions of the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i and intracellular ROS production by SA and Lyo were mainly due to the suppression of the NADPH oxidase activity and scavenging of the produced radical, respectively. On the other hand, EA inactivated spleen tyrosine kinase and led to the inhibition of the elevation of [Ca(2+)]i and intracellular ROS production. Furthermore, it was found that WC strongly inhibited IgE binding to the FcepsilonRIalpha chain, whereas SA, Lyo, and EA did not indicate this inhibitory effect. These results suggest that WC inhibits allergic reactions through multiple mechanisms. To disclose the in vivo effects of WC, SA, Lyo, and EA, these compounds were administered to type I allergic model mice, and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction was measured. These compounds remarkably suppressed the PCA reaction. Taken together, these findings suggest that WC seemed to be beneficial to ameliorate allergic reactions.
authors.affiliation: Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan. titoh@giib.or.jp
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsukane
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Chizu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohguchi
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koshimizu
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakimoto
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nukaya
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suwa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015549:Basophil Degranulation Test; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010323:Passive Cutaneous Anaphylaxis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D029963:Quercus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D007073:Immunoglobulin E