title: Biosynthesis of glycerol carbonate from glycerol by lipase in dimethyl carbonate as the solvent.
abstract: Glycerol carbonate was synthesized from renewable glycerol and dimethyl carbonate using lipase in solvent-free reaction system in which excess dimethyl carbonate played as the reaction medium. A variety of lipases have been tested for their abilities to catalyze transesterification reaction, and Candida antartica lipase B and Novozyme 435 exhibited higher catalytic activities. The silica-coated glycerol with a 1:1 ratio was supplied to prevent two-phase formation between hydrophobic dimethyl carbonate and hydrophilic glycerol. Glycerol carbonate was successfully synthesized with more than 90% conversion from dimethyl carbonate and glycerol with a molar ratio of 10 using Novozyme 435-catalyzed transesterification at 70 °C. The Novozyme 435 [5% (w/w) and 20% (w/w)] and silica gel were more than four times recycled with good stability in a repeated batch operation for the solvent-free synthesis of glycerol carbonate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Industrial Liaison Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Yeol
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000201:enzymology*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D005561:Formates / Q000737:chemistry*; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry*; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012997:Solvents; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D003902:Detergents; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D004952:Esters; D005561:Formates; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D012997:Solvents; C093667:Novozyme 435; D008049:Lipase; C023025:methyl carbonate; D005990:Glycerol