Association of depression with subsequent mortality, cardiovascular morbidity and incident dementia in people aged 80 and over and suffering from hypertension. Data from the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET).
BACKGROUND
depression is common in elderly people and may be associated with increased cardiovascular risk and incident dementia.


METHODS
participants in the Hypertension in the Very Elderly Trial (HYVET) completed a depression screening instrument, the Geriatric Depression Score (GDS), at baseline and annually. We examined the association of GDS score with incident stroke, mortality and dementia using Cox proportional hazards models (hazard ratios, HR and 95% confidence intervals, CI) adjusted for treatment group and other potential confounders.


RESULTS
2,656 HYVET participants completed the GDS. The mean follow-up was 2.1 years. A GDS score > or =6 was associated with increased risks of all-cause (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3) and cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.10, 95% CI 1.5-3.0), all stroke (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.8) and all cardiovascular events (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1). Risk of incident dementia also tended to be increased (HR 1.28, 95% CI 0.95-1.73). Each additional GDS point at baseline also gave rise to a significantly increased risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events, all-cause mortality and dementia.


CONCLUSIONS
there was a strong association between baseline depression scores and later fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular endpoints over a mean follow-up of 2 years in a hypertensive very elderly group. The mechanism of this association warrants further study.
Peters
Ruth
R
Imperial College London, UK. r.peters@imperial.ac.uk
Pinto
Elisabete
E
Beckett
Nigel
N
Swift
Cameron
C
Potter
John
J
McCormack
Terry
T
Nunes
Maria
M
Grimley-Evans
John
J
Fletcher
Astrid
A
Bulpitt
Christopher
C
D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007190:Indapamide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D020913:Perindopril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D007190:Indapamide; D020913:Perindopril