title: Influence of calcium hydroxide association on the physical properties of AH Plus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated in vitro the radiopacity, setting time, flow, film thickness, solubility, and dimensional changes of AH Plus sealer pure (Dentsply De Trey Gmbh, Konstanz, Germany) and containing 5% and 10% of calcium hydroxide.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed according to the requirements of the ISO 6876:2001 standard and the American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA)'s Specification No. 57. The following tests were performed: setting time, flow, film thickness, dimensional stability, radiopacity, and solubility. Data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance and the Tukey tests with a significance level of 5%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The addition of 5% or 10% calcium hydroxide to AH Plus sealer did not alter significantly the radiopacity or setting time values (p > 0.05). Adding 10% calcium hydroxide reduced the flow compared with pure AH Plus and AH Plus/5% calcium hydroxide. The addition of 5% and 10% calcium hydroxide increased the solubility and expansion of AH Plus. All materials presented expansion valued above those recommended by the ADA. The addition of calcium hydroxide to the sealer resulted in greater film thickness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of 5% calcium hydroxide did not affect most physical properties of AH Plus sealer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Materials and Endodontics, Dental School of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil. mhungaro@travelnet.com.br
authors.forename: Marco Antonio Hungaro
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ordinola-Zapata
authors.forename: Ricardo Affonso
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bernardes
authors.forename: Clovis Monteiro
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bramante
authors.forename: Norberti
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bernardineli
authors.forename: Roberto Brandão
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Ivaldo Gomes
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: de Moraes
mesh_terms: D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D044367:Phase Transition; D012212:Rheology; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide