title: N-acetylcysteine attenuates iodine contrast agent-induced nephropathy in 5/6-nephrectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study we tested the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) to minimize nephrotoxic effects of iodine contrast agents in intact rats as well as in 5/6-nephrectomized (5/6-Nx) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were allocated to a group of intact rats (n = 42) and a group of 5/6-Nx rats (n = 42). After 1 month of recovery from surgery, 5/6-Nx rats and intact (sham-operated) animals received either 6 ml/kg body weight (b.w.) meglumine ioxithalamate (Telebrix 350) or 6 ml/kg b.w. iohexol (Omnipaque 350) intravenously with or without pretreatment with 100 mg/kg b.w. NAC. Plasma and urinary concentrations of creatinine, sodium and protein in 24-hour urine collections were determined prior to and on days 1, 3 and 7 after drug administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In intact animals, contrast agents caused no significant changes in kidney function throughout the duration of the experiment. In contrast, significant increases in plasma creatinine levels and decreases in creatinine clearance were induced by both contrast agents in 5/6-Nx rats. These changes were significantly attenuated by NAC pretreatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study demonstrate that iodine contrast agent-induced nephropathy in 5/6-Nx rats is significantly attenuated by intravenous pretreatment with NAC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sochman
authors.forename: Jan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Peregrin
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bürgelová
authors.forename: Libor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kopkan
authors.forename: Herbert J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Ludek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cervenka
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007455:Iodine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects; D007482:Iothalamate Meglumine / Q000009:adverse effects; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011292:Premedication / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol; C001694:meglumine ioxithalamate; D007455:Iodine; D000111:Acetylcysteine; D007482:Iothalamate Meglumine