title: Modulatory effect of cod-liver oil on Na(+)-K(+) ATPase in rats' brain.
abstract: Omega-3 fatty acids were used in the treatment of psychiatric diseases such as bipolar disorder. Na(+), K(+)-ATPase is also a well-known target for these fatty acids. In this study, we investigated the impact of cod-liver oil (CLO), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on Na(+), K(+)-ATPase, cholinesterase activities, the levels of norepinephrine (NE) and acetylcholine in different regions of rat brain. Our results showed that DHA caused a significant depression in cerebellum Na(+), K( +)-ATPase, whereas CLO activated it. In addition, CLO, EPA and DHA produced a significant activation in Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity in medulla, midbrain and hypothalamus. There were non-significant changes in the activity of cholinesterase enzyme in cerebellum and medulla, while in midbrain and hypothalamus the CLO, DHA and EPA enhanced the activity by 75%, 100% and 78%, respectively. The content of NE in hypothalamus showed slight increase in different regions of the brain of animals fed CLO, DHA or EPA. In conclusion, CLO, DHA or EPA supplementation had a beneficial effect that associated with a normalization of fatty acids incorporation into phospholipid membranes and a partial restoration of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity, suggesting that CLO supplementation may improve fatty acid composition and moderately enhance Na(+), K(+)-ATPase activity.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, KSA.
authors.forename: Taha A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kumosani
authors.forename: Said S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Moselhy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D003060:Cod Liver Oil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D003060:Cod Liver Oil; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D002802:Cholinesterases; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase