title: The hand-foot-syndrome associated with medical tumor therapy - classification and management.
abstract: The hand-foot-syndrome (HFS, palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia, chemotherapy-associated acral erythema) is characterized by painful predominantly palmo-plantar lesions. The association with different chemotherapeutic agents has been known for over 20 years. More recently, HFS has been reported in association with regimens using targeted agents, in particular the multikinase inhibitors (MKI) sorafenib and sunitinib. The HFS associated with MKI has a different distribution and clinical appearance than the traditional disorder. In this review, similarities and differences between chemotherapy- and MKI-associated HFS are discussed and current recommendations for their prophylaxis and management are summarized.
authors.affiliation: Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology, and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover (HTZH), Hannover Medical School, Germany.
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Degen
authors.forename: Mareike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alter
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schenck
authors.forename: Imke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Satzger
authors.forename: Bernward
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Völker
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapp
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gutzmer
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005533:Foot Dermatoses / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007645:Keratoderma, Palmoplantar / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D000077157:Sorafenib
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib