title: Diagnostic accuracy of narrow-band imaging and pit pattern analysis significantly improved for less-experienced endoscopists after an expanded training program.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous reports assessing diagnostic skill using narrow-band imaging (NBI) and pit pattern analysis for colorectal polyps involved only highly experienced endoscopists.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate diagnostic skills of less-experienced endoscopists (LEE group) for differentiation of diminutive colorectal polyps by using NBI and pit pattern analysis with and without magnification after an expanded training program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 32 patients with 44 colorectal polyps (27 adenomas and 17 hyperplastic polyps) of < or =5 mm that were identified and analyzed by using conventional colonoscopy as well as non-magnification and magnification NBI and chromoendoscopy followed by endoscopic removal for histopathological analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before a training course, 220 endoscopic images were distributed in randomized order to residents with no prior endoscopy experience (NEE group) and to the LEE group, who had performed colonoscopies for more than 5 years but had never used NBI. The 220 images were also distributed to highly experienced endoscopists (HEE group) who had routinely used NBI for more than 5 years. The images were distributed to the NEE and LEE groups again after a training class. Magnification NBI and chromoendoscopy images were assessed by using the Sano and Kudo classification systems, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic accuracy and interobserver agreement for each endoscopic modality in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher, and kappa (kappa) values improved in the LEE group for NBI with high magnification after expanded training. Diagnostic accuracy and kappa values when using high-magnification NBI were highest among endoscopic techniques for the LEE group after such training and the HEE group (accuracy 90% vs 93%; kappa = 0.79 vs 0.85, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Study involved only polyps of < or =5 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using high-magnification NBI increased the differential diagnostic skill of the LEE group after expanded training so that it was equivalent to that of the HEE group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Higashi
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uraoka
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuwaki
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikematsu
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Seiyuu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007318:Inservice Training; D007396:Internship and Residency; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011446:Prospective Studies