title: Lateral ridge augmentation using equine- and bovine-derived cancellous bone blocks: a feasibility study in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to histologically evaluate and compare a new prototype collagen type I/III-containing equine- (EB) and a bovine- (BB) derived cancellous bone block in a dog model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four standardized box-shaped defects were bilaterally created at the buccal aspect of the alveolar ridge in the lower jaws of five beagle dogs and randomly allocated to either EB or BB. Each experimental site was covered by a native (non-crosslinked) collagen membrane and left to heal in a submerged position for 12 weeks. Dissected blocks were processed for semi-/and quantitative analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups had no adverse clinical or histopathological events (i.e. inflammatory/foreign body reactions). BB specimens revealed no signs of biodegradation and were commonly embedded in a fibrous connective tissue. New bone formation and bony graft integration were minimal. In contrast, EB specimens were characterized by a significantly increased cell (i.e. osteoclasts and multinucleated giant cells)-mediated degradation of the graft material (P<0.001). The amount and extent of bone ingrowth was consistently higher in all EB specimens, but failed to reach statistical significance in comparison with the BB group (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that the application of EB may not be associated with an improved bone formation than BB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany. frank.schwarz@med.uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Ela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Balic
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sager
mesh_terms: D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006736:Horses; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D003094:Collagen