title: Frequency of malignancy seen in probably benign lesions at contrast-enhanced breast MR imaging: findings from ACRIN 6667.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of malignancy in probably benign lesions seen at magnetic resonance (MR) screening of the contralateral breast in patients with known breast cancer enrolled in American College of Radiology Imaging Network (ACRIN) protocol 6667.
  
  
  METHODS
  ACRIN conducted a prospective multi-institutional MR imaging screening trial of the contralateral breast in women in whom breast cancer had been diagnosed recently. Each participating institution obtained institutional review board approval before patient accrual and was compliant with HIPAA. Informed consent was obtained from the patients. At enrollment, all women had negative clinical breast examination results and negative mammograms of the study breast. At image interpretation, radiologists scored lesions by using the Breast Imaging and Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) lexicon. Of the 969 women who comprised the final study group, 106 were classified as having a BI-RADS category 3 lesion as their highest scoring lesion at MR imaging. There were 145 BI-RADS category 3 lesions in 106 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 106 patients with at least one BI-RADS category 3 lesion, there were 37 masses (25.5%), 59 areas of nonmass enhancement (40.7%), and 47 foci of enhancement (32.4%). In two (1.4%) of these patients, no findings were reported. Eighty-three (78.3%) of the 106 patients had no evidence of malignancy in the study breast after 2 years of follow-up; the remaining 23 (21.7%) received a tissue diagnosis. Seventeen (16.0%) of the 106 patients elected to undergo biopsy. Biopsy was recommended in the remaining six patients (5.7%) on the basis of follow-up imaging findings. The biopsy results were benign in 18 (78%) of the 23 patients, whereas they showed atypical hyperplasia in two (9%). One (4%) of the 23 patients had ductal carcinoma in situ. Overall, malignancy was diagnosed in one (0.9%) of the 106 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a multi-institutional study, the frequency of malignancy in MR-detected BI-RADS category 3 lesions was 0.9% (95% confidence interval: 0.02%, 5.14%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Susan P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: Lucy G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Constantine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gatsonis
authors.forename: Mitchell D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Schnall
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Constance D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Lehman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media