title: Mesenteric lymph duct ligation against renal injury in rats after hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The kidney is a common target in multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). The aim of this study is to determine the role of intestinal lymphatic pathway on renal injury in hemorrhagic shock rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were divided into sham, shock, and ligation groups. The hemorrhagic shock model was induced in the shock and ligation groups. After resuscitation, the mesenteric lymph ducts were ligated in the ligation group. Blood from the carotid artery was taken to determine renal functional indices. The kidneys were used to observe histomorphological changes at 6 h after resuscitation. In addition, kidney homogenate was used to determine malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels at 90 min after shock and 0, 1, 3, 6, 12, and 24 h after resuscitation. And the survival rate of 24 h was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The survival rate in shock group was obviously lower than sham and ligation groups. The urea and creatinine contents in the serum of shock and ligation groups were significantly higher than the sham group; the indices in the ligation group were significantly lower than the shock group. Histological studies showed various degrees of renal injury in the shock and ligation groups with a lesser severity in the ligation group. MDA, TNFalpha, IL-6, and MPO in renal homogenate of the shock group were raised, and the activity of SOD was lower in comparison to the sham group. Further, MDA, TNFalpha, IL-6, and MPO in renal homogenate of the ligation group at 6, 12, and 24 h were lower, and the SOD activity was higher than that of the shock group at the same time points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mesenteric lymph duct ligation could be used to attenuate renal injury in shock rats. Its mechanism might be related to reducing the polymorph nuclear (PMN) and decreasing inflammatory mediator and free radical.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microcirculation, Hebei North University, Hebei, Zhangjiakou 075029, China. ncylxf@126.com
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Zi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yun-Long
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Ya-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Yu-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008026:Ligation; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000601:surgery*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D009195:Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase