The hand-foot-syndrome associated with medical tumor therapy - classification and management.
The hand-foot-syndrome (HFS, palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia, chemotherapy-associated acral erythema) is characterized by painful predominantly palmo-plantar lesions. The association with different chemotherapeutic agents has been known for over 20 years. More recently, HFS has been reported in association with regimens using targeted agents, in particular the multikinase inhibitors (MKI) sorafenib and sunitinib. The HFS associated with MKI has a different distribution and clinical appearance than the traditional disorder. In this review, similarities and differences between chemotherapy- and MKI-associated HFS are discussed and current recommendations for their prophylaxis and management are summarized.
Degen
Annette
A
Clinic and Polyclinic for Dermatology, and Allergy, Skin Cancer Center Hannover (HTZH), Hannover Medical School, Germany.
Alter
Mareike
M
Schenck
Florian
F
Satzger
Imke
I
Völker
Bernward
B
Kapp
Alexander
A
Gutzmer
Ralf
R
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005533:Foot Dermatoses / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007645:Keratoderma, Palmoplantar / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D000077157:Sorafenib
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib