title: Synthetic and structural studies of 1-halo-8-(alkylchalcogeno)naphthalene derivatives.
abstract: A series of eight 1-halo-8-(alkylchalcogeno)naphthalene derivatives (1-8; halogen=Br, I; alkylchalcogen=SEt, SPh, SePh, TePh) containing a halogen and a chalcogen atom occupying the peri positions have been prepared and fully characterised by using X-ray crystallography, multinuclear NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy and MS. Naphthalene distortion due to non-covalent substituent interactions was studied as a function of the bulk of the interacting chalcogen atoms and the size and nature of the alkyl group attached to them. X-ray data for 1, 2, 4 and 5-8 were compared. Molecular structures were analysed in terms of naphthalene ring torsions, peri-atom displacement, splay angle magnitude, X...E interactions, aromatic ring orientations and quasi-linear X...E-C arrangements. A general increase in the X...E distance was observed for molecules that contain bulkier atoms at the peri positions. The I...S distance of 4 is comparable with the I...Te distance of 8, and is ascribed to a stronger lone pair-lone pair repulsion due to the presence of an axial S(naphthyl) ring conformation. Density functional theory (B3LYP) calculations performed on 5-8 revealed Wiberg bond index values of 0.05-0.08, which indicate minor interactions taking place between the non-bonded atoms in these compounds.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST UK.
authors.forename: Fergus R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bühl
authors.forename: Alexandra M Z
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Slawin
authors.forename: J Derek
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Woollins