title: Changes in RPS14 expression levels during lenalidomide treatment in Low- and Intermediate-1-risk myelodysplastic syndromes with chromosome 5q deletion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Haploinsufficiency of the ribosomal protein S14 RPS14 gene, located in the common deleted region of chromosome 5q, is a potential causal factor of 5q- syndrome. Lenalidomide elicits high response rates and morphological improvements in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients with chromosome 5q deletion [del(5q)].
  
  
  METHODS
  To further evaluate the role of RPS14, its transcription was tested in bone marrow cells from 17 patients with International Prognostic Scoring System defined Low- or Intermediate-1-risk MDS with del(5q) as a single or additional cytogenetic abnormality receiving treatment with lenalidomide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 wk of lenalidomide treatment, erythroid responses were observed in all cases with an increase in hemoglobin levels of 2.7 +/- 2.5 g/dL (up to a mean 11.8 +/- 1.9 g/dL; P = 0.001). Before treatment, RPS14 expression levels were under-expressed in 15 patients with respect to normal controls. After 12 wk of lenalidomide treatment, all patients had an erythroid response. There was a significant increase in median RPS14 expression from baseline 0.01 (IQR 0.05-0.31) to 12 wk 204.71-fold (2.86-446.32; P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations in the patient setting support the importance of RPS14 in the pathogenesis of MDS with del(5q).
authors.affiliation: Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Bianchi-Melacrino-Morelli, Reggio Calabria, Italy. estheroliva@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Esther N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuzzola
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nobile
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: D'Errigo
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laganà
authors.forename: Fortunato
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morabito
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortelezzi
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Aloe Spiriti
authors.forename: Giorgina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Specchia
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poloni
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Breccia
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghio
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Finelli
authors.forename: Pasquale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iacopino
authors.forename: Giuliana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alimena
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Latagliata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 / Q000235:genetics*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D008297:Male; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C526722:RPS14 protein, human; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D013792:Thalidomide; D000077269:Lenalidomide