title: A novel serum-free medium for the expansion of human mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human multipotent mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapies are being tested clinically for a variety of disorders, including Crohn's disease, multiple sclerosis, graft-versus-host disease, type 1 diabetes, bone fractures, and cartilage defects. However, despite the remarkable clinical advancements in this field, most applications still use traditional culture media containing fetal bovine serum. The ill-defined and highly variable nature of traditional culture media remains a challenge, hampering both the basic and clinical human MSC research fields. To date, no reliable serum-free medium for human MSCs has been available.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we developed and tested a serum-free growth medium on human bone marrow-derived MSCs through the investigation of multiple parameters including primary cell isolation, multipassage expansion, mesoderm differentiation, cellular phenotype, and gene-expression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Similar to that achieved with traditional culture medium, human MSCs expanded in serum-free medium supplemented with recombinant human platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 showed extensive propagation with retained phenotypic, differentiation, and colony-forming unit potential. To monitor global gene expression, the transcriptomes of bone marrow-derived MSCs expanded under serum-free and serum-containing conditions were compared, revealing similar expression profiles. In addition, the described serum-free culture medium supported the isolation of human MSCs from primary human marrow aspirate with continual propagation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the described serum-free MSC culture medium is not free of xenogeneic components, this medium provides a substitute for serum-containing medium for research applications, setting the stage for future clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Primary and Stem Cell Systems, Life Technologies, 501 Charmany Drive, Madison, WI 53719, USA. lucas.chase@lifetech.com
authors.forename: Lucas G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lakshmipathy
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Solchaga
authors.forename: Mahendra S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Mohan C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vemuri
mesh_terms: D000077214:Becaplermin; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000378:metabolism; D044967:Serum; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D000077214:Becaplermin