title: Advanced glycation end products, carotid atherosclerosis, and circulating endothelial progenitor cells in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: Numbers of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have been shown to be decreased in subjects with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the mechanism of which remained poorly understood. In this study, mutual association among circulating EPC levels, carotid atherosclerosis, serum pentosidine, and skin autofluorescence, a recently established noninvasive measure of advanced glycation end products accumulation, was examined in 212 ESRD subjects undergoing hemodialysis. Numbers of circulating EPCs were measured as CD34+ CD133+ CD45(low) VEGFR2+ cells and progenitor cells as CD34+ CD133+ CD45(low) fraction by flow cytometry. Skin autofluorescence was assessed by the autofluorescence reader; and serum pentosidine, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Carotid atherosclerosis was determined as intimal-medial thickness (IMT) measured by ultrasound. Circulating EPCs were significantly and inversely correlated with skin autofluorescence in ESRD subjects (R = -0.216, P = .002), but not with serum pentosidine (R = -0.079, P = .25). Circulating EPCs tended to be inversely associated with IMT (R = -0.125, P = .069). Intimal-medial thickness was also tended to be correlated positively with skin autofluorescence (R = 0.133, P = .054) and significantly with serum pentosidine (R = 0.159, P = .019). Stepwise multiple regression analyses reveal that skin autofluorescence, but not serum pentosidine and IMT, was independently associated with low circulating EPCs. Of note, skin autofluorescence was also inversely and independently associated with circulating progenitor cells. Thus, tissue accumulated, but not circulating, advanced glycation end products may be a determinant of a decrease in circulating EPCs in ESRD subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takuhito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tahara
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: Ryusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kakiya
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005453:Fluorescence; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D001120:Arginine; C062187:pentosidine; D008239:Lysine