Racing to block tumorigenesis after pRb loss: an innocuous point mutation wins with synthetic lethality.
A major goal of tumor suppressor research is to neutralize the tumorigenic effects of their loss. Since loss of pRb does not induce tumorigenesis in many types of cells, natural mechanisms may neutralize the tumorigenic effects of pRb loss in these cells. For susceptible cells, neutralizing the tumorigenic effects of pRb loss could logically be achieved by correcting the deregulated activities of pRb targets to render pRb-deficient cells less abnormal. This line of research has unexpectedly revealed that knocking out the pRb target Skp2 did not render Rb1 deficient cells less abnormal but, rather, induced apoptosis in them, thereby completely blocking tumorigenesis in Rb1+/- mice and after targeted deletion of Rb1 in pituitary intermediate lobe (IL). Skp2 is a substrate-recruiting component of the SCFSkp2 E3 biquitin ligase; one of its substrates is Thr187-phosphorylated p27Kip1. A p27T187A knockin (KI) mutation phenocopied Skp2 knockout (KO) in inducing apoptosis following Rb1 loss. Thus, Skp2 KO or p27T187A KI are synthetic lethal with pRb inactivation. Since homozygous p27T187A KI mutations show no adverse effects in mice, inhibiting p27T187 phosphorylation or p27T187p ubiquitination could be a highly therapeutic and minimally toxic intervention strategy for pRb deficiency-induced tumorigenesis.
Bauzon
Frederick
F
Department of Developmental and Molecular Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Zhu
Liang
L
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000378:metabolism; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005804:Genes, Lethal; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D017354:Point Mutation; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D044786:S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D054875:Ubiquitination
D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D044786:S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27