title: The effects of polymicrobial sepsis with diabetes mellitus on kidney tissues in ovariectomized rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sepsis model was used to understand the role of sustained hyperglycemia and ovariectomy, either separately or concomitantly, on the response of the activity of the nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) and the oxidative response in kidney.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polymicrobial sepsis was induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Diabetes was induced in female rats using administration of alloxan. The rats were divided into five groups: sham control (group 1), ovariectomy (group 2), ovariectomy + sepsis (group 3), ovariectomy + diabetes (group 4), and ovariectomy + diabetic + sepsis (group 5).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In kidney tissues, the levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) and the activity of catalase (CAT) were higher for groups 3, 4, 5 than the control groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was lower for groups 3, 4, 5 than the control groups. We determined that CLP produced injury evident in the kidneys of rats when compared to the control group, whereas the severity of the injury was higher in the diabetes + ovariectomy + CLP group when compared to the CLP group. In immunohistochemical staining, we determined that CLP operation increased NF-kappaB activation. In the ovariectomized, septic, and diabetic group, NF-kappaB activation was significantly higher than other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperglycemia and ovariectomy severely increased NF-kappaB activation and oxidant levels with the stages of our sepsis model. Ovariectomy resulted in general changes in metabolism, which are seen in the kidney with diabetes under sepsis conditions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Abdullah
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uyanik
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: M Hamidullah
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Uyanik
authors.forename: Zekai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Halici
authors.forename: Fehmi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Odabasoglu
authors.forename: Zuhal Berrin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Altunkaynak
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cadirci
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keles
authors.forename: Cemal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gundogdu
authors.forename: Halis
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suleyman
authors.forename: Yasin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bayir
authors.forename: Mevlut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albayrak
authors.forename: Bunyami
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Unal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001835:Body Weight; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D016328:NF-kappa B; D003404:Creatinine