title: Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil on hexachlorobutadiene-induced nephrotoxicity in rat kidneys.
abstract: Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) is a potent nephrotoxin in rodents. Pharmacological studies have shown that pomegranate fruit preparations have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory chemopreventive effects. In this study, the effect of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated in adult male rats. Animals were divided into five groups. Group 1 was treated with corn oil (1 mL/kg, i.p.). Group 2 received a single dose of HCBD (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Groups 3-5 were treated with PSO (0.16, 0.32, and 0.64 mg/kg, i.p., respectively) 1 h before HCBD (50 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. A significant elevation of serum creatinine and urea (p < 0.001) levels as well as urine glucose and protein (p < 0.001) concentrations (as markers of acute renal failure) was observed 24 h after administration of HCBD as compared to control group. HCBD also caused a significant decrease in total thiol content (p < 0.001) and a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS, as an index of lipid peroxidation) levels (p < 0.001) in kidney homogenate samples. PSO pretreatment resulted in a significant and dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine (p < 0.001) and urea levels (p < 0.001) as well as urine glucose (p < 0.001) and protein concentrations (p < 0.001) when compared with HCBD treated alone. PSO also significantly reversed the HCBD-induced depletion in total thiol content (p < 0.001) and elevation in TBARS (p < 0.001) in kidney homogenate samples. The results of this study showed that PSO clearly attenuated HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity, but explanation and mechanism of this protection need further explorations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9177948564 Mashhad, I. R. Iran. boroshakimt@mums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad Taher
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bouroshaki
authors.forename: Hamid Reza
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Sadeghnia
authors.forename: Marjan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banihasan
authors.forename: Samaneh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yavari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002070:Butadienes / Q000633:toxicity; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029561:Lythraceae; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D010938:Plant Oils; C001335:hexachlorobutadiene