title: Discovery of microRNAs and other small RNAs in solid tumors.
abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are ∼22-nt long, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene silencing. It is known that many human miRNAs are deregulated in numerous types of tumors. Here we report the sequencing of small RNAs (17-25 nt) from 23 breast, bladder, colon and lung tumor samples using high throughput sequencing. We identified 49 novel miRNA and miR-sized small RNAs. We further validated the expression of 10 novel small RNAs in 31 different types of blood, normal and tumor tissue samples using two independent platforms, namely microarray and RT-PCR. Some of the novel sequences show a large difference in expression between tumor and tumor-adjacent tissues, between different tumor stages, or between different tumor types. We also report the identification of novel small RNA classes in human: highly expressed small RNA derived from Y-RNA and endogenous siRNA. Finally, we identified dozens of new miRNA sequence variants that demonstrate the existence of miRNA-related SNP or post-transcriptional modifications. Our work extends the current knowledge of the tumor small RNA transcriptome and provides novel candidates for molecular biomarkers and drug targets.
authors.affiliation: Rosetta Genomics Ltd, Rehovot 76706, Israel.
authors.forename: Eti
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meiri
authors.forename: Asaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Hila
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ben-David
authors.forename: Lahav
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Avital
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dov
authors.forename: Nir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dromi
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Elyakim
authors.forename: Noga
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yerushalmi
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zion
authors.forename: Gila
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lithwick-Yanai
authors.forename: Einat
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sitbon
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D022661:RNA, Untranslated