title: Elevated serum chemokine CXC ligand 5 levels are associated with hypercholesterolemia but not a worsening of insulin resistance in Chinese people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent study showed high chemokine CXC ligand 5 (CXCL5) is thought to be associated with insulin resistance in humans. However, evidence from large-scale populations about the relationship between serum CXCL5 level and metabolic phenotypes is scarce. Here we sought to evaluate serum CXCL5 distribution and its association with metabolic phenotypes among middle-aged and older Chinese.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated serum CXCL5 in a cross-sectional sample of 3225 Chinese aged from 50 to 88 yr in a Shanghai downtown district by ELISA. Glucose, insulin, lipid profile, inflammatory marker, and adipokine were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The crude mean of serum CXCL5 concentrations were 1493.31 pg/ml for men and 2059.42 pg/ml for women (P<0.001), respectively. After multiple adjustment, the odds ratios were substantially higher for hypercholesterolemia (odds ratio 3.26, 95% confidence interval 2.36-4.51) in the highest CXCL5 quartile compared with those in the lowest quartile. These associations remained significant after further adjustment for body mass index, body fat, inflammatory marker, and adipokine. However, serum resistin CXCL5 was not associated with body mass index, percent body fat, fasting glucose, insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment index-insulin resistance (r=0.01, 0.01, 0.01, 0.04, and 0.03, respectively; all P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated circulating CXCL5 concentrations were associated with higher risk of hypercholesterolemia in middle-aged and elderly Chinese independent of obesity, inflammation, adipokines, and other risk factors but not insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Endocrinology and Diabetology at Fudan University, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital affiliated with Fudan University, no. 12 Wulumuqi Middle Road, Shanghai 200040, China.
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhaoyun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Xuanchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Weiwei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaocheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Songhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Renming
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D044466:Asian People; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5 / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood; D016017:Odds Ratio; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D052243:Resistin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein