Dicke-model phase transition in the quantum motion of a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical cavity.
We show that the motion of a laser-driven Bose-Einstein condensate in a high-finesse optical cavity realizes the spin-boson Dicke model. The quantum phase transition of the Dicke model from the normal to the superradiant phase corresponds to the self-organization of atoms from the homogeneous into a periodically patterned distribution above a critical driving strength. The fragility of the ground state due to photon measurement induced backaction is calculated.
Nagy
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Research Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, H-1525 Budapest P.O. Box 49, Hungary.
Kónya
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Szirmai
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Domokos
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