title: Severity and pattern of peri-implantitis-associated bone loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to describe the severity and pattern of peri-implantitis-associated bone loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intra-oral radiographs from 182 subjects were analysed. Bone-level measurements were performed in 419 implants with a history of bone loss. All radiographs obtained in the interval from the 1-year follow-up to the end-point examination (5-23 years) were analysed. The amount of bone loss that occurred from 1 year after prosthesis insertion was assessed and the pattern of bone loss was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average bone loss after the first year of function was 1.68 mm and 32% of the implants demonstrated bone loss > or =2 mm. The multilevel model revealed that the bone loss showed a non-linear pattern and that the rate of bone loss increased over time. The model also revealed that the pattern of peri-implantitis associated bone loss was similar within the same subject.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that peri-implantitis-associated bone loss varies between subjects and is, in most cases, characterized by a non-linear progression, with the rate of loss increasing over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden. christer.fransson@odontologi.gu.se
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fransson
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tomasi
authors.forename: Solveig Sundén
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Pikner
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gröndahl
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wennström
authors.forename: Alastair H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Leyland
authors.forename: Tord
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berglundh
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D055361:Multilevel Analysis / Q000379:methods; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D011859:Radiography; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants