title: Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand/osteoprotegerin ratio in sites of chronic periodontitis of subjects with poorly and well-controlled type 2 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of osteoclastogenesis-related factors (soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand [sRANKL] and osteoprotegerin [OPG]) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) from subjects with poorly and well-controlled type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis before and after periodontal therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen subjects with well-controlled diabetes (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] levels ≤ 8%) and 20 subjects with poorly controlled diabetes (HbA1c levels >8%) were enrolled in this study. All subjects were submitted to non-surgical periodontal therapy. GCF sampling and clinical periodontal parameters were assessed at baseline and 3 and 6 months post-therapy. Total amounts and concentrations of sRANKL and OPG in GCF were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total amounts and concentrations of sRANKL and RANKL/OPG ratios were higher in poorly controlled subjects than in well-controlled subjects at baseline and 3 and 6 months post-therapy (P <0.05). In addition, RANKL/OPG ratios decreased in well-controlled subjects (P <0.05) but not in poorly controlled subjects (P >0.05) at 3 months post-therapy. Almost all clinical parameters improved significantly for both groups post-treatment (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RANKL/OPG ratios in untreated and treated periodontitis sites may be negatively influenced by poor glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, S&#x00E3;o Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanessa Renata
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Jadson Almeida
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Tiago Eduardo Dias
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Marta Ferreira
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bastos
authors.forename: Luciene Cristina
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Jamil Awad
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shibli
authors.forename: Poliana Mendes
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000628:therapy; D012534:Dental Scaling; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand