Organ transplantation and skin cancer: basic problems and new perspectives.
Solid organ transplant and subsequent graft survival have increased worldwide, while immunosuppression has prevented rejection with increasing success. Side effects of cutaneous infection and neoplasm, however, affect the majority of solid organ transplant recipients (OTRs). Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin (SCC) is the most common neoplasm overall following organ transplant with a risk that is 60-100 times greater than for the immunocompetent population. This review focuses on questions of ongoing debate about SCC formation in OTRs such as viral carcinogenesis, systemic photoprotection, photosensitization by drugs, the impact of immunosuppressive drugs and inflammation as a driver of carcinogenesis.
Hofbauer
Günther F L
GF
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zürich, Switzerland. hofbauer@usz.ch
Bouwes Bavinck
Jan Nico
JN
Euvrard
Sylvie
S
D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents