title: Reliability of an audit tool for systematic assessment of urban alleyways.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reliable audit tools are needed to examine the potential of built environment features for physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  An audit tool for alley environments was developed with land use, substrate, and use, condition, and safety items. Two audit teams independently audited 29 Los Angeles alleys, and interteam reliability was calculated with Cohen's and prevalence-adjusted, bias-adjusted kappa (PABAK) statistics; intraclass correlation coefficients; and percent observed agreement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two of 47 dichotomous items analyzed for reliability had PABAK values > or = 0.61 ("substantial agreement"). Sixteen of 23 ordinal and continuous response items analyzed had ICCs > or = 0.61, and an additional 6 with lower ICC values had observed agreement > or = 79%. Items concerning the presence or absence of use-related alley features demonstrated the lowest reliability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The instrument has acceptable reliability for most of its items and appears to be a promising tool for use by other researchers and professionals in the measurement of alley environments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seymour
authors.forename: Kim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolch
mesh_terms: D002958:City Planning / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004779:Environment Design; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles; D009043:Motor Activity; D015995:Prevalence; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014481:United States