title: "Device landing zone" calcification, assessed by MSCT, as a predictive factor for pacemaker implantation after TAVI.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After trans-catheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), the need for postinterventional pacemaker (PM) implantation can occur in as many as 10-50% of cases, but it is not yet clear, how this need can be predicted. The aim of this study was to assess the possible predictive factors of post TAVI PM implantation based on Computed Tomography (CT) measured aortic valve calcification and its distribution.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively analyzed 81 consecutive symptomatic patients with severe AS scheduled for TAVI using the CoreValve prosthesis (Medtronic, Minneapolis, USA). In all patients, a native and contrast-enhanced multislice cardiac CT was performed preinterventionally, estimating calcification load of the native valve cusps and of the adjacent outflow tract (so called "device landing zone", DLZ) by the Agatston Score (AgS). Objective, computer-evaluated, preprocedural ECG-analysis was performed with regards to pre-existing conduction abnormalities. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed pre and post TAVI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TAVI was successful in all cases. PM implantation was deemed necessary in altogether 32 patients, out of 67 without a PM pre-TAVI (32/67, 47%). Various parameters were tested as predictors of post TAVI PM in a multivariate logistic regression analysis model. Female sex (P = 0,005) and depressed EF (P = 0,023) showed a significant correlation. PM implantation correlated also to the DLZ calcification, as assessed by CT (P = 0,004). This model leads to an AUC (area under the ROC-receiver operator characteristics-curve) of 0.83.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcium amount in the CoreValve DLZ in combination with clinical data could predict the need for post TAVI PM implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, HELIOS Heart Center Siegburg, Siegburg, Germany. glatsios@hotmail.com
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Latsios
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gerckens
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buellesfeld
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Seyrani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuecel
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Syring
authors.forename: Barthel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sauren
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grube
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012737:Sex Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed