title: Induction of prostaglandin D2 through the p38 MAPK pathway is responsible for the antipruritic activity of sertaconazole nitrate.
abstract: Prostaglandin D(2) (PGD(2)) is known to have antipruritic activity by suppressing histamine release. However, agents that can topically induce PGD(2) for itch relief are not well established. The antimycotic sertaconazole nitrate (STZ) has been shown to exhibit anti-itch properties; however, the mechanism for this activity has not been elucidated. STZ mitigated degranulation of RBL-2H3 (rat basophilic leukemia) mast cells induced by compound 48/80, a pruritogenic agent known to promote the release of histamine, and augmented PGD(2) production in mast cells and macrophages. Addition of exogenous PGD(2) abrogated compound 48/80-induced degranulation by acting through the prostanoid D receptor 1 (DP1). STZ induced p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation in mast cells and a pharmacological inhibitor of p38 MAPK, SB203580, resulted in the attenuation of PGD(2) levels. Finally, in a murine model of pruritus, the scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 was mitigated by topical application of STZ. This effect was reversed by the addition of the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, ibuprofen, or a DP1 receptor antagonist (MK0524). Collectively, these results suggest that STZ mediates its anti-itch effects by boosting the antipruritic agent, PGD(2), by the activation of the p38-MAPK pathway. This is the first report to demonstrate a promising approach to topically induce PGD(2) for improving pruritus.
authors.affiliation: Preclinical Pharmacology, Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies Inc., Skillman, New Jersey 08558, USA.
authors.forename: Simarna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Runa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sur
authors.forename: Frank T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Liebel
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Southall
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011537:Pruritus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin / Q000378:metabolism; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D007211:Indoles; C518174:MK-0524; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; D013876:Thiophenes; C527097:prostanoid D receptor 1, mouse; D003189:p-Methoxy-N-methylphenethylamine; C061131:sertaconazole; D006632:Histamine; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D015230:Prostaglandin D2