Early occipital sensitivity to syntactic category is based on form typicality.
Syntactic factors can rapidly affect behavioral and neural responses during language processing; however, the mechanisms that allow this rapid extraction of syntactically relevant information remain poorly understood. We addressed this issue using magnetoencephalography and found that an unexpected word category (e.g., "The recently princess . . . ") elicits enhanced activity in visual cortex as early as 120 ms after exposure, and that this activity occurs as a function of the compatibility of a word's form with the form properties associated with a predicted word category. Because no sensitivity to linguistic factors has been previously reported for words in isolation at this stage of visual analysis, we propose that predictions about upcoming syntactic categories are translated into form-based estimates, which are made available to sensory cortices. This finding may be a key component to elucidating the mechanisms that allow the extreme rapidity and efficiency of language comprehension.
Dikker
Suzanne
S
Department of Linguistics, New York University, 10 Washington Place, New York, NY 10003, USA. suzanne.dikker@nyu.edu
Rabagliati
Hugh
H
Farmer
Thomas A
TA
Pylkkänen
Liina
L
D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D011932:Reading; D012660:Semantics; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult