title: Analgesic effects and the mechanisms of anti-inflammation of ergostatrien-3beta-ol from Antrodia camphorata submerged whole broth in mice.
abstract: Ergostatrien-3beta-ol (ST1), an active and major ingredient from Antrodia camphorata (AC) submerged whole broth was evaluated for the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects. Treatment of male imprinting control region (ICR) mice with ST1 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the numbers of acetic-acid-induced writhing response in 10 min. Also, our result showed that ST1 (10 mg/kg) significantly inhibited the formalin-induced pain in the late phase (p < 0.001). In the anti-inflammatory test, ST1 (10 mg/kg) decreased the paw edema at 4 and 5 h after lambda-carrageenin (Carr) administration and increased the activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the liver tissue. We also demonstrated that ST1 significantly attenuated the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in the edema paw at 5 h after Carr injection. ST1 (1, 5, and 10 mg/kg) decreased the nitric oxide (NO) levels on both the edema paw and serum level at 5 h after Carr injection. Also, ST1 (5 and 10 mg/kg) diminished the serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) at 5 h after Carr injection. Western blotting revealed that ST1 (10 mg/kg) decreased Carr-induced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cycloxyclase (COX-2) expressions at 5 h in the edema paw. An intraperitoneal (ip) injection treatment with ST1 also diminished neutrophil infiltration into sites of inflammation, as did indomethacin (Indo). The anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ST1 might be related to the decrease in the level of MDA, iNOS, and COX-2 in the edema paw via increasing the activities of CAT, SOD, and GPx in the liver through the suppression of TNF-alpha and NO.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Guan-Jhong
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shyh-Shyun
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shiang-Shiou
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yi-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Chin-Chu
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Yueh-Hsiung
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055491:Antrodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000009:adverse effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002351:Carrageenan; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2