title: Anti-TNF therapy and pregnancy outcomes in women with inflammatory arthritis.
abstract: Women suffering from inflammatory arthritis may experience a change in disease activity during and after pregnancy. Although the majority will improve, some women may need to continue therapy throughout pregnancy and/or in the lactation period. Since certain disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have proven to be human teratogens, treatment is limited in these women. Anti-TNF agents fall within the US FDA category B concerning fetal risk, indicating that no adequate and well-controlled studies have been conducted in pregnant or lactating women. However, in the last decade, numerous case series and case reports of pregnancies exposed to anti-TNF therapy have accumulated in the literature. Since these agents may constitute an important therapeutic alternative in pregnant women facing persistent or increased disease activity, we propose a review of the available information on the safety of anti-TNF agents in pregnancy and lactation.
authors.affiliation: Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Center, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room A6 162.2, Montreal (PQ), H3G 1A4, Canada. evelyne.vinet@mail.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Evelyne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vinet
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pineau
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernatsky