title: Inhibition of lung tumor growth by complex pulmonary delivery of drugs with oligonucleotides as suppressors of cellular resistance.
abstract: Development of cancer cell resistance, low accumulation of therapeutic drug in the lungs, and severe adverse treatment side effects represent main obstacles to efficient chemotherapy of lung cancer. To overcome these difficulties, we propose inhalation local delivery of anticancer drugs in combination with suppressors of pump and nonpump cellular resistance. To test this approach, nanoscale-based delivery systems containing doxorubicin as a cell death inducer, antisense oligonucleotides targeted to MRP1 mRNA as a suppressor of pump resistance and to BCL2 mRNA as a suppressor of nonpump resistance, were developed and examined on an orthotopic murine model of human lung carcinoma. The experimental results show high antitumor activity and low adverse side effects of proposed complex inhalatory treatment that cannot be achieved by individual components applied separately. The present work potentially contributes to the treatment of lung cancer by describing a unique combinatorial local inhalation delivery of drugs and suppressors of pump and nonpump cellular resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Olga B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Garbuzenko
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Vitaly P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Pozharov
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Reuhl
authors.forename: Gediminas
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mainelis
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minko
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
chemical_list: D004317:Doxorubicin; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; C052617:Bcl2 protein, mouse; C421109:multidrug resistance-associated protein 1