title: Efficacy and safety of single-session argon plasma coagulation in the management of chronic radiation proctitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic radiation proctitis (CRP) manifests as rectal bleeding 12 to 24 months after pelvic radiotherapy. No criterion standard of treatment has been established, although argon plasma coagulation (APC) has increasingly become the treatment of choice. Previous studies have applied APC over multiple sessions, necessitating increased numbers of treatments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety and efficacy of large-volume APC application in the treatment of CRP with the intention of a single-session treatment protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over an 8-year period, consecutive patients with CRP with rectal bleeding were prospectively enrolled.
  
  
  METHODS
  Large-volume APC application to affected rectal mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of treatments, bleeding scores, complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients (mean age 72.1 years; range 51-87 years) were treated; 45 were men (prostate cancer). The mean period between radiotherapy and initial APC treatment was 23 months (range 4-140 months). Seventeen (34%) patients had grade A endoscopic severity, 23 (46%) grade B, and 10 (20%) grade C. Other therapies failed in 16 (32%) patients. The mean number of treatments was 1.36 (range 1-3) with a mean follow-up of 20.6 months (range 6-48 months). Sixty-eight percent of patients were successfully treated after 1 session and 96% after 2 sessions. Bleeding scores improved in all patients (P < .001). Seventeen (34%) patients experienced short-term, self-limiting complications; 1 (2%) patient experienced a long-term complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonrandomized study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Large-volume APC treatment was successful in the treatment of CRP, including those in whom other therapies had previously failed, and resulted in a decreased number of treatments compared with other published studies. The benefits were offset by an increased incidence of short-term complications but no increase in long-term complications.
authors.affiliation: Endoscopy Unit, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.forename: Greg T C
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sievert
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Devonshire
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods*; D054020:Lasers, Gas / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011349:Proctitis / Q000601:surgery*; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome