title: A 223-kb de novo deletion of PAX9 in a patient with oligodontia.
abstract: The PAX (paired box) genes are a family of transcription factors critical for fetal growth and organogenesis. Abnormalities of PAX2, PAX3, PAX6, and PAX9 are associated with various congenital craniofacial anomalies, including tooth abnormalities. We present here a boy with oligodontia and language delay. Dental x-rays showed that he lacked primary molars and was missing most of his permanent teeth. A genome-wide, single-nucleotide polymorphism-based microarray revealed a de novo 223-kb heterozygous deletion on 14q13.3 that included the PAX9 gene. In addition, the array showed 2 copies of the X chromosome and 1 copy of the Y chromosome, diagnostic for Klinefelter syndrome. The findings in this patient illustrate the role of the PAX9 gene in tooth development and provide the first example of a de novo deletion of 14q13.3 manifesting primarily with oligodontia. This report also supports the utility of genome-wide microarrays in determining the genetic cause of craniofacial abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Chad R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Haldeman-Englert
authors.forename: Alisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biser
authors.forename: Elaine H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Zackai
authors.forename: Jeffrey E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ming
mesh_terms: D000848:Anodontia / Q000235:genetics*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051764:PAX9 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D051764:PAX9 Transcription Factor