title: Successful treatment of Castleman's disease with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (Anakinra).
abstract: Castleman's disease (CD) is a very rare lymphoproliferative disorder whose underlying pathophysiology is not fully understood and for which no standard treatment exists. Because interleukin-1 (IL-1) might promote the production of interleukin-6 (IL-6), a key pathogenic factor for the disease, we hypothesized that blocking the interleukin-1 receptor would be a useful therapy for CD. We report the case of a 61-year-old woman with CD who had undergone multiple treatments, including cladribine, rituximab, steroids, etanercept, and anti-IL-6 monoclonal antibody, and whose disease was refractory to all of these treatments. She was started on the recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist, Anakinra, at a subcutaneous dose of 100 mg daily. Within one week, her fatigue and anorexia markedly improved, and her laboratory abnormalities, including anemia, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis, and elevated markers of inflammation, all resolved. Our observation suggests that Anakinra may be an attractive therapeutic approach for refractory multicentric CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, (Phase I Clinical Trials Program), The University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Hazem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El-Osta
authors.forename: Filip
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Janku
authors.forename: Razelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurzrock
mesh_terms: D001772:Blood Cell Count; D005871:Castleman Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
chemical_list: D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18