title: Intravascular radiation therapy with a Re-188 liquid-filled balloon in patients with in-stent restenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and safety of intravascular radiation therapy (IVRT) using Re-188 filled balloon system in patients with in-stent stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 39 patients with in-stent restenosis were enrolled as the IVRT (22 patients) and control groups (17 patients) of this study after a successful coronary angioplasty. For irradiation the angioplasty balloon was replaced by a noncompliant balloon of the same diameter but 10 mm longer in length with a proximal and distal radio-opaque marker to deliver the dose of 18 Gy at 0.5 mm depth from the surface of the balloon into the vessel wall. Angiographic follow-up was performed after 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The length of the irradiated segment was between 9.14 and 22 mm and the diameter between 2.5 and 3 mm. In the IVRT group, two patients who did not receive antiplatelet therapy had myocardial infarction. Four patients who presented with stable angina earlier also had angiographically documented in-stent occlusion (two patients) and edge stenosis (two patients) of the target lesion and received angioplasty (18.1%). In the control group, three patients with recurrent angina and four asymptomatic patients had documented in-stent occlusion angiographically at 6 months and these seven patients underwent target lesion revascularization (41.2%). The overall restenosis rate in the IVRT and control groups were 23.91 and 39.86%, respectively (P=0.013). No complications were documented, except anginal pain and ST segment changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicated that the Re-188 liquid-filled balloon is feasible, safe, and effective in patients with in-stent restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Aksaray, Turkey. nalanselcuk@yeditepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Nalan Alan
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Selcuk
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Onsel
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozturk
authors.forename: Tevfik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gurmen
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulbaran
authors.forename: Sait
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sager
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kabasakal
authors.forename: Haluk B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Sayman
authors.forename: Ilhami
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Uslu
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012211:Rhenium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012449:Safety; D015607:Stents
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D012211:Rhenium