The Ala54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene influences the postprandial fatty acids in patients with type 2 diabetes.
BACKGROUND
The Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 gene increases affinity of intestinal fatty acid-binding protein 2 for long-chain dietary fatty acids (FA) in subjects without diabetes.


OBJECTIVE
Our objective was to evaluate whether the Ala54Thr polymorphism of the FABP2 gene influences the FA composition in chylomicrons after a standard meal in patients with type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
This clinical trial studied 11 patients with TT and 15 patients with AA genotypes for Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 gene selected from a Brazilian type 2 diabetic cohort. FA in chylomicrons (gas chromatography), plasma glucose, and serum triglycerides were measured after an overnight fast at baseline and, after a standard test meal, at 2-h intervals during 8 h.


RESULTS
During the test meal, the curves response of unsaturated FA of patients with TT genotype were different from patients with AA genotype: only patients with TT genotype exhibited an increase, with a postprandial peak at 6 h in monounsaturated FA [0.479 (0.248-0.709) to 1.674 (0.698-2.650) g/liter], polyunsaturated FA [0.338 (0.154-0.522) to 1.827 (0.389-3.265) g/liter], and trans-unsaturated FA [0.025 (0.013-0.037) to 0.122 (0.040-0.205) g/liter] (generalized estimating equations for repeated measurements: P<0.05 for all). The increase of saturated FA did not reach statistical significance. Diabetes treatment, previous diet, FA at baseline, and the increase of plasma glucose and triglycerides during the test meal were not different between TT and AA genotypes.


CONCLUSIONS
The TT genotype in Ala54Thr polymorphism of FABP2 gene in patients with type 2 diabetes increased dietary FA absorption, and this might increase the susceptibility to the effects of dietary lipids.
Almeida
Jussara C
JC
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, and Department of Internal Medicine, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Prédio 12, andar 4, 90035-003 Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Gross
Jorge L
JL
Canani
Luis H
LH
Zelmanovitz
Themis
T
Perassolo
Magda S
MS
Azevedo
Mirela J
MJ
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002914:Chylomicrons / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000235:genetics*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002914:Chylomicrons; C493404:FABP2 protein, human; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014280:Triglycerides