title: In vitro and in vivo relaxation of urinary bladder smooth muscle by the selective myosin II inhibitor, blebbistatin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE To investigate the in vitro and in vivo effects of blebbistatin (a small cell-permeable molecule with high affinity and selectivity toward the myosin II contractile molecule) on bladder smooth muscle (SM) contractility, as antimuscarinic therapy is only 65-75% effective in treating overactive bladder (OAB) and is associated with considerable side-effects, with a < 25% continuation rate at 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS Bladder and aortic strips from adult male rats, and human bladder strips obtained from open prostatectomy, were used for organ-bath studies of blebbistatin. Awake cystometry was also used in rats in both the presence and absence of intravesically delivered blebbistatin. RESULTS Blebbistatin dose-dependently and completely relaxed both KCl- and carbachol-induced rat detrusor and endothelin-1-induced human bladder contraction. Pre-incubation with 10 µm blebbistatin attenuated carbachol responsiveness by ≈ 65% while blocking electrical field stimulation-induced bladder contraction reaching 50% inhibition at 32 Hz. The basal tone and amplitude of spontaneous contraction were also significantly diminished. Urodynamic variables were obviously altered by intravesical infusion with blebbistatin. CONCLUSION Our novel data show that blebbistatin strongly relaxes both rat and human bladder contraction induced by various physiological stimuli. Coupled with our in vivo data showing that nanomole doses of blebbistatin significantly alter urodynamic variables to produce a less active bladder, our results suggest the possibility of intravesically administered blebbistatin binding at myosin II being developed as a therapeutic treatment for OAB via a novel targeting of the SM contractile apparatus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dwaraka Srinivasa R
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kuppam
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melman
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: DiSanto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D024462:Myosin Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D010276:Parasympatholytics; C472645:blebbistatin; D024462:Myosin Type II