title: Oral mucosal lesions in non oral habit diabetic patients and association of diabetes mellitus with oral precancerous lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OML) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and non-diabetic subjects without any oral habits and to investigate the association of DM with oral precancerous lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  This cross-sectional study involved 420 diabetic and 420 non-diabetic control subjects without any oral habits. Detailed oral examination was performed based on international criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly greater proportion of subjects with DM (45%) had one or more OML in comparison to non-diabetics (38.3%). Patients with DM showed a significantly greater prevalence of geographic tongue, denture stomatitis and angular cheilitis than non-diabetics (p<0.05). The results also showed an association between occurrence of one or more OML and metabolic control of diabetic patients (p<0.05). For precancerous lesions, lichen planus was found in two diabetic patients while none of controls had any precancerous lesion (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of OML was significantly higher in diabetic patients than non-diabetics and this prevalence was associated with the metabolic control of the patients. However, no association was observed between DM and oral precancerous lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, 16150 Kelantan, Malaysia. rajan@kb.usm.my
authors.forename: Rajan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: Sadeq Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Al-Maweri
authors.forename: Deepti
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saini
authors.forename: Noorliza Mastura
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Abdul Rashid
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology