title: The mechanisms of Zn2+ effects on Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptors on carp retinal horizontal cells.
abstract: It was demonstrated in our recent study that Zn(2+) had dual effects on Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors on carp retinal horizontal cells. However, the possible mechanism(s) underlying the Zn(2+) effects is still unclear. In the present study, we examined the Zn(2+) effects in the presence of cyclothiazide (CTZ), an allosteric potentiator of AMPA receptors, which could attenuate the receptor desensitization. It was shown that the potentiation effect that low concentration Zn(2+) (10 microM) exerted on the amplitude of the current mediated by Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors was more remarkable in the presence of moderate concentration of CTZ (20 microM). Meanwhile, the inhibitory effect induced by high concentration Zn(2+) (1 mM) was not affected by CTZ. Furthermore, the involvement of extracellular Ca(2+) in the Zn(2+) effects was also examined. It was shown that the inhibitory effect induced by high concentration Zn(2+) (1 mM) was abolished or significantly attenuated in Ca(2+)-free (0 mM) Ringer's, but significantly enhanced in high-Ca(2+) (20 mM) Ringer's. However, the Zn(2+) (10 microM) potentiation effect was not changed either in Ca(2+)-free (0 mM) or high-Ca(2+) (20 mM) Ringer's. These results suggest that the Zn(2+) potentiation effect involves the interaction with CTZ-binding site on the AMPA receptors, while the Zn(2+) inhibitory effect is related to the extracellular Ca(2+) concentration. Overall, the dual effects that Zn(2+) exerts on Ca(2+)-permeable AMPA receptors on retinal horizontal cells are mediated by separate mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ya-Ting
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hai-Qing
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Pei-Ji
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Liang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001581:Benzothiadiazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002347:Carps; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000494:pharmacology; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D051248:Retinal Horizontal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001581:Benzothiadiazines; D018757:GABA Modulators; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000077331:Ringer's Solution; D010424:Pentobarbital; D015032:Zinc; C004639:cyclothiazide; D007608:Kainic Acid; D002118:Calcium