Protective effect of pomegranate seed oil on hexachlorobutadiene-induced nephrotoxicity in rat kidneys.
Hexachlorobutadiene (HCBD) is a potent nephrotoxin in rodents. Pharmacological studies have shown that pomegranate fruit preparations have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory chemopreventive effects. In this study, the effect of pomegranate seed oil (PSO) on HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity was investigated in adult male rats. Animals were divided into five groups. Group 1 was treated with corn oil (1 mL/kg, i.p.). Group 2 received a single dose of HCBD (50 mg/kg, i.p.). Groups 3-5 were treated with PSO (0.16, 0.32, and 0.64 mg/kg, i.p., respectively) 1 h before HCBD (50 mg/kg, i.p.) injection. A significant elevation of serum creatinine and urea (p < 0.001) levels as well as urine glucose and protein (p < 0.001) concentrations (as markers of acute renal failure) was observed 24 h after administration of HCBD as compared to control group. HCBD also caused a significant decrease in total thiol content (p < 0.001) and a significant increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS, as an index of lipid peroxidation) levels (p < 0.001) in kidney homogenate samples. PSO pretreatment resulted in a significant and dose-dependent decrease in serum creatinine (p < 0.001) and urea levels (p < 0.001) as well as urine glucose (p < 0.001) and protein concentrations (p < 0.001) when compared with HCBD treated alone. PSO also significantly reversed the HCBD-induced depletion in total thiol content (p < 0.001) and elevation in TBARS (p < 0.001) in kidney homogenate samples. The results of this study showed that PSO clearly attenuated HCBD-induced nephrotoxicity, but explanation and mechanism of this protection need further explorations.
Bouroshaki
Mohammad Taher
MT
Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, 9177948564 Mashhad, I. R. Iran. boroshakimt@mums.ac.ir
Sadeghnia
Hamid Reza
HR
Banihasan
Marjan
M
Yavari
Samaneh
S
D000818:Animals; D002070:Butadienes / Q000633:toxicity; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029561:Lythraceae; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds
D002070:Butadienes; D010938:Plant Oils; C001335:hexachlorobutadiene