title: French maritime pine bark (Pinus maritima Lam.) extract (Flavangenol) prevents chronic UVB radiation-induced skin damage and carcinogenesis in melanin-possessing hairless mice.
abstract: A French maritime pine bark extract, Flavangenol, is widely used as a nutritional supplement for protection against atherosclerosis, hypertension, diabetes, etc. Chronic exposure to solar UV radiation damages skin, increasing cutaneous thickness, wrinkling and pigmentation, as well as reducing elasticity, and causes skin cancer. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of flavangenol on skin damage and the incidence of skin tumors caused by long-term UVB irradiation in melanin-possessing hairless mice. The oral administration of flavangenol (60, 200 or 600 mg kg(-1), twice daily) significantly inhibited increases in skin thickness, and the formation of wrinkles and melanin granules, as well as increases in the diameter and length of skin blood vessels. Furthermore, it prevented increases in numbers of apoptotic, Ki-67-positive and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)-positive cells, and the expression of skin vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced by chronic UVB irradiation. The effect on these biomarkers was associated with a reduction in the incidence of tumors in mice. The antiphotoaging and anticarcinogenetic activities of flavangenol may be due to inhibition of the expression of Ki-67, 8-OHdG and VEGF through a scavenging effect on reactive oxygen species.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Basic Medical Research, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon City, Ehime, Japan. yokim@m.ehime-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Maho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumiyoshi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D028223:Pinus; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D044946:Biflavonoids; D008543:Melanins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; C504746:flavangenol