Tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are positively associated with the risk of chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
Chronic low-grade inflammation may induce chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This study investigated the relation between inflammatory biomarkers and chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes, which has not yet been reported in Asian populations.


METHODS
A cross-sectional study was performed in 543 patients recruited from diabetic clinics for an ongoing, prospective study. Multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between inflammatory biomarkers and the presence of chronic kidney disease (estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m(2) by the simplified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation using plasma creatinine).


RESULTS
The risk of chronic kidney disease increased in the highest quartiles of C-reactive protein (CRP) [multivariate odds ratio (OR) = 3.73; 95% CI = 1.19-1.70] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (multivariate OR = 4.45; 95% CI = 1.63-12.11) compared to the lowest quartiles after adjustments for age, sex, zinc intake, and other putative risk factors for chronic kidney disease.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that CRP and tumor necrosis factor-alpha may be independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. A causal mechanism of this association should be evaluated in a followup study of Korean patients with type 2 diabetes.
Yeo
Eun-Sil
ES
Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
Hwang
Ji-Yun
JY
Park
Ji Eun
JE
Choi
Young Ju
YJ
Huh
Kap Bum
KB
Kim
Wha Young
WY
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human