title: The association between change in body mass index and upper aerodigestive tract cancers in the ARCAGE project: multicenter case-control study.
abstract: Previous studies reported an inverse relationship between body mass index (BMI) and upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers. Examining change in BMI over time may clarify these previous observations. We used data from 2,048 cases and 2,173 hospital- and population-based controls from ten European countries (alcohol-related cancers and genetic susceptibility in Europe study) to investigate the relationship with BMI and adult change in BMI on UADT cancer risk. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated for associations between BMI at three time intervals and BMI change on UADT cancer development, adjusting for center, age, sex, education, fruit and vegetable intake, smoking and alcohol consumption. We found an inverse relationship between UADT cancers and BMI at time of interview and 2 years before interview. No association was found with BMI at 30 years of age. Regarding BMI change between age 30 and 2 years before interview, BMI decrease (BMI change <-5%) vs. BMI stability (-5% ≤ BMI change <5%) showed no overall association with UADT cancers (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 0.89, 1.49). An increase in BMI (BMI change ≥+5%) was inversely associated with UADT cancers (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.62, 0.89). BMI gain remained inversely associated across all subsites except for esophageal cancer. When stratified by smoking or by drinking, association with BMI gain was detected only in drinkers and smokers. In conclusion, BMI gain is inversely associated with UADT cancers. These findings may be influenced by smoking and/or drinking behaviors and/or the development of preclinical UADT cancers and should be corroborated in studies of a prospective nature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Sungshim Lani
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yuan-Chin Amy
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marron
authors.forename: Antonio
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authors.lastname: Agudo
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ahrens
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barzan
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bencko
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benhamou
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchardy
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canova
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Castellsague
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Holcátová
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kjaerheim
authors.forename: Pagona
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lagiou
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lowry
authors.forename: Tatiana V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: Bernard E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: McCartan
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Merletti
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pohlabeln
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Richiardi
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simonato
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sneddon
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talamini
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trichopoulos
authors.forename: Ariana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Znaor
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashibe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking