title: Design and validation of an instrument to measure nursing research culture: the Nursing Research Questionnaire (NRQ).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the development of a self-administered questionnaire to study the nursing research culture in a Spanish hospital.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There is urgent need to promote nursing research in Spain. To do this, it is imperative to understand the Spanish nursing research culture. As no valid Spanish instrument was available, a new instrument called the Nursing Research Questionnaire was developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A survey and psychometric approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  The development and testing of the instrument had three phases which included: identification of concepts and questions; pilot work of the first draft of the tool; and a survey and further test of the instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The new instrument was a self-administered questionnaire which contained 43 items divided into three main sections: nurses' research capability; research related activity; and factors influencing research development. The pilot work and the survey results indicated adequate content and face validity of the tool. The internal consistencies of the tool for the four subscales ranged from 0.25-0.93, and the intraclass correlation coefficients in three subscales were over 0.70.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper describes the development of a self-administered questionnaire to gather information about the nursing research culture in a Spanish hospital. After further refinement, its use will provide information that will contribute to the development of nursing research in Spain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new instrument could be used to provide an understanding of the research culture among nurses in Spain, which will help to design targeted interventions to promote nursing research activity and improve the quality of nursing practice and patient care.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. scorchon@unav.es
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corchon
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arantzamendi
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saracíbar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015399:Nursing Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital; D015279:Organizational Culture; D011594:Psychometrics; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult