title: Comparative study of mydriasis in cataract surgery: topical versus Mydriasert versus intracameral mydriasis in cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the mydriatic efficacy and cardiovascular safety of the mydriatic options.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective randomized analysis of 90 eyes submitted to senile cataract surgery. Group A (30 eyes) included topical mydriasis, group B (30 eyes) included mydriasis with the ophthalmic insert (Mydriasert), and group C (30 eyes) included intracameral mydriasis. Measures were mydriasis value before ophthalmic viscoelastic device (OVD) injection and at the end of surgery, blood pressure and heart rate, need for antihypertensive medication, and subjective iris stability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before OVD injection and at the end of surgery, pupillary dilation was 8.1 and 7.0 mm in group A, 8.2 and 7.7 mm in group B, and 6.3 and 6.1 mm in group C, respectively. Mean surgery time was 8.3 min in group A, 8.1 min in group B, and 12.3 min in group C (p<0.05). The mean subjective iris stability score was 8.7/10 in group A, 9.3/10 in group B, and 6.1/10 in group C (p<0.05). Systolic blood pressure was greater than 180 mmHg in 9 (30%) patients in group A, 3 (10%) in group B, and 2 (6.6%) in group C. Antihypertensive medication was administered to 8 (26.6%) cases in group A, 2 (6.6%) in group B, and 0 (0%) in group C (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most effective mydriasis was obtained within the Mydriasert group, followed by the topical mydriasis group. From the cardiovascular point of view, intracameral mydriasis was the safest and topical mydriasis the least safe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Pedro Hispano, Porto, Portugal. gabrielmorgado@iol.pt
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgado
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Neves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Martins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003519:Cyclopentolate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D009184:Mydriatics; D010656:Phenylephrine; D008012:Lidocaine; D003519:Cyclopentolate; D014331:Tropicamide