title: Tenoscopy of the navicular bursa: a new therapeutic approach for horses affected by "palmar pain syndrome." Endoscopic technique review and personal experiences.
abstract: Tenoscopy of the navicular bursa has been recently introduced as a diagnostic and therapeutic treatment in cases of palmar foot pain syndrome. A deep digital flexor tendon transthecal approach was suggested in 1999, and the endoscopic technique has been reviewed. Smith and coworkers have recently reported good and promising results. An anatomic cadaver limb study was performed, and the endoscopic technique was evaluated. Subsequently, a 14-year-old Argentine mare, affected by palmar foot pain syndrome, was treated. Clinical data, MRI and endoscopic findings, and a 6-month follow-up evaluation are reported.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Veterinarie, Sezione di Clinica Chirurgica Veterinaria, Università degli Studi di Milano-Ospedale Grandi Animali di Lodi, Lodi, Italy. maxscandevet@gmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scandella
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lazzaretti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Zani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cassano
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Zani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ravasio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gualtieri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002061:Bursa, Synovial / Q000473:pathology*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000473:pathology*; D005552:Forelimb; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D006736:Horses; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000175:diagnosis*