title: Low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the pediatric populations: prevalence and clinical outcomes.
abstract: Vitamin D deficiency is becoming increasingly common in the USA. In this review we provide estimates of the prevalence of deficiency, and review the risk factors and the evidence of clinical consequences of vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D deficiency causes the pediatric disease rickets. In addition, there is some evidence that vitamin D deficiency may lead to other diseases including diabetes mellitus, hypertension, infections, asthma and dyslipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Ullman 615/Belfer 1008, Bronx, NY 10461, USA, Tel.: +1 718 430 2304, , michal.melamed@einstein.yu.edu.
authors.forename: Michal L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Melamed
authors.forename: Juhi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kumar