title: Phenotype, distribution and alloreactive properties of memory T cells from cynomolgus monkeys.
abstract: The high frequency of memory T cells present in primates is thought to represent a major barrier to tolerance induction in transplantation. Therefore, it is crucial to characterize these memory T cells and determine their functional properties. High numbers of memory T cells were detected in peripheral blood and all lymphoid tissues except lymph nodes, which were essentially the site of naïve T cells. The majority of CD8(+) memory T cells were effector memory cells located in the blood and bone marrow while most CD4(+) memory T cells were central memory cells present in the spleen. Next, memory T cells from over 100 monkeys were tested for their response to alloantigens by ELISPOT. Memory alloreactivity mediated via direct but not indirect allorecognition was detected in all animals. The frequency of allospecific memory T cells varied dramatically depending upon the nature of the responder/stimulator monkey combination tested. MHC gene matching was generally associated with a low-memory alloreactivity. Nevertheless, low anamnestic alloresponses were also found in a significant number of fully MHC-mismatched monkey combinations. These results show that selected donor/recipient combinations displaying a low memory alloresponsiveness can be found. These combinations may be more favorable for transplant tolerance induction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Transplantation Center, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Ognjenka
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nadazdin
authors.forename: Svjetlan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boskovic
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Roger W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wiseman
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Karl
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tuscher
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tocco
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Cosimi
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Benichou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D007519:Isoantigens