title: Repeat percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty for patients with mitral valve restenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine immediate and long-term clinical outcome, as well prognostic factors in patients who underwent repeat percutaneous mitral balloon valvuloplasty (PMBV).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Repeat PMBV may be a method of treatment for symptomatic patients with restenosis after successful initial PMBV, but data regarding its long term safety and efficacy are scarce.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 67 patients (mean age 52.1 ± 10.5 years). All PMBV procedures were performed using the Inoue balloon system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeat PMBV resulted in significant increase in MVA from 1.17 ± 0.16 cm(2) to 1.63 ± 0.22 cm(2) (P < 0.001). Good immediate result (MVA ≥1.5 cm(2) , mitral regurgitation ≤2) was obtained in 52 (77.6%) patients and was not predicted by any analyzed factors. During follow-up (mean time 4.9 ± 2.9 years) six patients died, nine underwent mitral valve replacement, four-third PMBV, and four developed heart failure. The 3-, 5-, and 8-year good functional results (survival free of mitral valve replacement, third PMBV or heart failure ≥ NYHA III) by Kaplan-Meier estimates were 89.3, 75.6, and 52.6%, respectively. These results were significantly superior in patients with good immediate results and echo score <7. In the entire population multivariate Cox regression analysis identified echo score <7 and absence of prior surgical commissurotomy as the independent predictors of event-free survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeat PMBV is safe and provides good immediate results in patients with restenosis after successful first procedure. Long-term results of repeat PMBV are satisfactory and related mainly to the echo score and quality of the procedure.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Coronary Artery Disease and 2nd Catheterization Laboratory, Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland. zchmiel@ikard.pl
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chmielak
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klopotowski
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kruk
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demkow
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konka
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chojnowska
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Witkowski
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ruzyllo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011044:Poland; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome