The effect of different hormone therapies on anti-müllerian hormone serum levels in anovulatory women of reproductive age.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effect of oral contraceptives (OC), metformin and ovulation induction with gonadotropins on circulating anti-müllerian hormone (AMH).


METHODS
Prospective clinical study.


METHODS
Thirty patients with PCOS (Group 1), 15 normogonadotropic anovulatory infertile women (WHO 2) (Group 2) and 15 normoovulatory control women (Group 3). Patients in Group 1 received OC (n = 12), metformin (n = 11) or no-treatment (n = 7) for 6 months. Ovulation induction with FSH or hMG was used in Group 2.


METHODS
Total follicle number (TFN) and hormonal (fasting insulin and glucose, testosterone, SHBG, LH, androstenedione and AMH) measurements at baseline and during therapy.


RESULTS
Basal AMH and TFN were higher in Groups 1 and 2 than in controls. Only TFN was significantly related to AMH level in Groups 1 and 2. AMH level was significantly reduced during OC treatment, and there was a trend for AMH decrease during metformin therapy. No significant changes in AMH level were observed during ovulation induction. TFN was the only parameter showing a significant positive correlation with circulating AMH over the 6-month treatment period in patients in Group 2.


CONCLUSIONS
AMH is an accurate marker of the antral follicle pool in WHO-2/PCOS women but the measurement of AMH is not likely to be helpful in the management of those patients.
Fábregues
Francisco
F
Institut Clínic of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Spain.
Castelo-Branco
Camil
C
Carmona
Francisco
F
Guimerá
Marta
M
Casamitjana
Roser
R
Balasch
Juan
J
D000328:Adult; D000858:Anovulation / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies
D015415:Biomarkers; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D006062:Gonadotropins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D054304:Anti-Mullerian Hormone; D008687:Metformin