A prospective 1-year clinical and radiographic study of implants placed after maxillary sinus floor augmentation with synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate or deproteinized bovine bone.
BACKGROUND
The technique of using bone grafts or different biomaterials for augmentation of the maxillary sinus prior to implant placement is well accepted by clinicians. However, clinical documentation of some bone substitutes is still lacking.


OBJECTIVE
This prospective study was designed to evaluate the success rate of implants placed after maxillary sinus augmentation with a novel synthetic biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) or deproteinized bovine bone (DBB), the latter acting as control.


METHODS
Nine edentulous patients and two partially edentulous patients with a mean age of 67 years with a bilateral need for sinus augmentation, < 5 mm residual bone in the floor of the sinus and a crestal width ≥ 4 mm, were included in the study. After bilateral elevation of the Schneiderian membrane, all patients were randomized for augmentation with synthetic BCP in one side and DBB in the contralateral side. After 8 months of graft healing, 62 implants with an SLActive surface were placed. Implant survival, graft resorption, plaque index, bleeding on probing, sulcus bleeding index, probing pocket depth, and implant success rate were evaluated after 1 year of functional loading.


RESULTS
After a mean of 118 days, all patients received their fixed prosthetic constructions. One implant was lost in each biomaterial, giving an overall survival rate of 96.8%. Success rates for implants placed in BCP and DBB were 91.7 and 95.7%, respectively. No significant difference in marginal bone loss was found around implants placed in BCP, DBB, or residual bone, respectively. The mean graft resorption was 0.43 mm (BCP) and 0.29 mm (DBB).


CONCLUSIONS
In this limited study, implant success rate was not dependent on the biomaterial used for maxillary sinus augmentation. Similar results were found after 1 year of functional loading for implants placed after sinus augmentation using BCP or DBB.
Lindgren
Christer
C
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Linköping, Sweden. christer.lindgren@lio.se
Mordenfeld
Arne
A
Hallman
Mats
M
D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D059546:Sinus Floor Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008903:Minerals; C074950:hydroxyapatite-beta tricalcium phosphate