Omentin-1 and vaspin are present in the fetus and neonate, and perinatal concentrations are similar in normal and growth-restricted pregnancies.
The aim of this study was to investigate circulating concentrations of omentin-1 and vaspin (adipocytokines predominantly secreted by visceral adipose tissue and not yet investigated in perinatal life) in maternal, fetal, and neonatal samples from intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR; associated with altered development of adipose tissue) and appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) pregnancies and to correlate them with the respective insulin concentrations. Serum omentin-1 and vaspin concentrations were determined by enzyme immunoassay in 40 mothers and their 20 IUGR and 20 AGA singleton full-term fetuses and neonates on postnatal day 1 (N1) and day 4 (N4). Both hormones were detectable in fetal and neonatal blood (omentin-1 [mean ± SD, in nanograms per milliliter]: AGA vs IUGR group--fetal: 11.32 ± 1.88 vs 10.47 ± 1.30, N1: 10.74 ± 1.42 vs 10.46 ± 1.54, and N4: 10.90 ± 2.72 vs 11.35 ± 3.92; vaspin [median, minimum-maximum; in nanograms per milliliter]: AGA vs IUGR group--fetal: 0.39 [0.04-19.06] vs 0.40 [0.05-1.34], N1: 0.40 [0.04-16.70] vs 0.44 [0.23-3.34], and N4: 0.49 [0.02-8.89] vs 0.55 [0.06-3.92]). No significant differences in omentin-1 or vaspin concentrations were observed between IUGR and AGA groups, whereas fetal and N1 insulin concentrations were lower in the former (P = .025 and P = .027, respectively). In both groups, fetal omentin-1 concentrations were higher (P ≤ .018), whereas vaspin concentrations were lower (P ≤ .001), than maternal ones. Furthermore, maternal vaspin concentrations were higher in cases of cesarean delivery (P = .024). Omentin-1 and vaspin concentrations did not correlate with the respective insulin ones. In conclusion, omentin-1 and vaspin are present in the fetus and neonate. Perinatal concentrations of omentin-1 and vaspin are similar in IUGR cases and AGA controls--despite lower insulin concentrations in the former--and do not correlate with the respective insulin concentrations. Higher omentin-1 concentrations in the fetus may be crucial to enhance a growth-promoting effect, whereas lower maternal vaspin concentrations in cases of vaginal delivery may be attributed to spontaneous term delivery inflammation.
Briana
Despina D
DD
Neonatal Division, 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Athens University Medical School, 10682 Athens, Greece.
Boutsikou
Maria
M
Baka
Stavroula
S
Gourgiotis
Dimitrios
D
Marmarinos
Antonios
A
Liosi
Sofia
S
Hassiakos
Dimitrios
D
Malamitsi-Puchner
Ariadne
A
D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000378:metabolism*; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000097:blood; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D037102:Lectins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D015843:Serpins / Q000097:blood*
D016207:Cytokines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C432397:ITLN1 protein, human; D007328:Insulin; D037102:Lectins; C507339:SERPINA12 protein, human; D015843:Serpins