title: Histopathology of aspirated thrombus and its association with ST-segment recovery in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention with routine thrombus aspiration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with thrombus aspiration, the histopathology of aspirated thrombus was previously related to long-term mortality. In this study, we sought to investigate the association between histopathology of aspirated thrombus and ST-segment recovery, a marker of microvascular dysfunction, immediately at the end of the PCI procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 892 STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI with routine thrombus aspiration and for whom combined data on histopathology of aspirated thrombus and ST-segment recovery were available. Patients were categorized according to histopathology of aspirated thrombus: fresh only (<1 day), older (>1 day), or no material aspirated. ST-segment recovery was defined as incomplete if <50%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incomplete ST-segment recovery occurred in 134 of 363 patients (37%) with fresh thrombus, in 104 of 238 patients (44%) with older thrombus, and in 142 of 291 patients (49%) with no material. Unadjusted odds ratios for incomplete ST-segment recovery of patients with older thrombus and no material, when compared with patients with fresh thrombus, were 1.33 (95% CI, 0.95-1.85; P = 0.097) and 1.63 (95% CI 1.19-2.23; P = 0.002), respectively. Both associations were unchanged after multivariable adjustment for clinical predictors of ST-segment recovery. ST-segment recovery was a strong predictor of long-term mortality, independent of the histopathology of aspirated thrombus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that ST-segment recovery immediately at the end of the PCI procedure was a significant prognosticator, independent of the histopathology of aspirated thrombus. We found that the histopathology of aspirated thrombus (fresh, older, no material) was associated with ST-segment recovery in STEMI patients undergoing primary PCI with thrombus aspiration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Academic Medical Center-University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Niels J W
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Verouden
authors.forename: Miranda C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: XiaoFei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Martijn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meuwissen
authors.forename: Karel T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: José P S
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Henriques
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baan
authors.forename: Marije M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Vis
authors.forename: Jan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Piek
authors.forename: Allard C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: van der Wal
authors.forename: Jan G P
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tijssen
authors.forename: Robbert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: de Winter
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009426:Netherlands; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013396:Suction; D017131:Thrombectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome