title: Krüppel-like factor 4 mediates anti-proliferative effects of progesterone with G₀/G₁ arrest in human endometrial epithelial cells.
abstract: Activation of the progesterone receptor (PR) inhibits cell proliferation in various reproductive tissues. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of cell proliferation by PR remain poorly understood. It is well established that Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a family of zinc fingercontaining transcription factors, induces cell cycle arrest in epithelial cells. In this study, we investigated whether KLF4 served as a target of PR activation during cell proliferation using human endometrial epithelial cells. PR agonists, progesterone and dienogest, were found to produce a lasting increase in the expression of KLF4 mRNA, followed by a decrease in cyclin D1 mRNA, and inhibit cell proliferation with G₀/G₁ arrest. KLF4 knockdown using KLF4 small interferingRNA abrogated the inhibition of cell proliferation by PR agonists. In addition, forced expression of KLF4 inhibited cyclin D1 promoter transactivation. These results suggest that PR agonists induce KLF4 expression and then inhibit cyclin D1 expression, and consequently inhibit cell proliferation in human endometrial epithelial cells. In terms of human reproductive tissue, KLF4 may be a factor concerning cell cycle, directly responsive to PR activation.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Center, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 722 Jimba-aza-Uenohara, Gotemba, Shizuoka 412-8524, Japan. shimizuy@mochida.co.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Notsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mizuguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyo
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D019940:Genes, bcl-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000819:agonists / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D016192:Resting Phase, Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C000715467:KLF4 protein, human; D000090062:Kruppel-Like Factor 4; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D011374:Progesterone