title: β-Sitosterol: supercritical carbon dioxide extraction from sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seeds.
abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction represents an efficient and environmentally friendly technique for isolation of phytosterols from different plant sources. Sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L.) seeds were extracted with supercritical carbon dioxide at pressures ranging from 15-60 MPa and temperatures of 40-80 degrees C. Oil and β-sitosterol yields were measured in the extraction course and compared with Soxhlet extraction with hexane. The average yield of β-sitosterol was 0.31 mg/g of seeds. The maximum concentration of β-sitosterol in the extract, 0.5% w/w, was achieved at 15 MPa, 40 degrees C, and a carbon dioxide consumption of 50 g/g of seeds. The extraction rate was maximal at 60 MPa and 40 degrees C. Both β-sitosterol yield and its concentration in the extract obtained with hexane were lower than with carbon dioxide.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of the AS CR, Prague, Czech Republic. sajfrtova@icpf.cas.cz
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sajfrtová
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Licková
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wimmerová
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sovová
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wimmer
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; D031281:Hippophae / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D011312:Pressure; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D012855:Sitosterols; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C025473:gamma-sitosterol