title: [Development of the stethoscope from Laennec to Cammann].
abstract: A history of Stethoscope from Laennec to Camman through Piorry, Nauche, Louis, Landouzy (father), Commins, Williams, Stokes, Billing and Depaul.
authors.affiliation: dc.renner@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Renner
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design / Q000266:history; D006326:Heart Auscultation / Q000266:history*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000266:history; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000266:history; D019023:Stethoscopes / Q000266:history*