title: Inhibitory effects of diacylglyceride phospholipids on DNA polymerase and topoisomerase activities, and human cancer cell growth.
abstract: This paper describes the inhibitory activities of diacylglyceride phospholipids, such as phosphatidylcholine (lecithin), phosphatidylethanolamine (cephalin), phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylglycerol, bisphosphatidylglycerol (cardiolipin), phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidic acid (phosphatidate) (compounds 1 - 7, respectively) against DNA polymerase (pol), DNA topoisomerase (topo), and human cancer cell growth. Among the compounds tested, compounds 3 - 7 were revealed to be potent inhibitors of animal pols: compound 4 was the strongest inhibitor, with IC(50) values for different pols of 1.7 - 15 mM. Compounds 4 - 7 also inhibited the activity of human topo II: compound 7 was the strongest inhibitor, with an IC50 value of 20 mM. The glycerophospholipids had no effect on the activities of plant (cauliflower) pol a, prokaryotic pols, or other DNA metabolic enzymes, such as calf primase of pol a, T7 RNA polymerase, T4 polynucleotide kinase, and bovine deoxyribonuclease I. These results suggest that compounds 3 - 7 are selective inhibitors of animal pols and human topos. Compounds 4 and 7 also suppressed the growth of a human colon carcinoma cell line that lacked p53 (HCT116 p53(-/-)); their LD(50) values were 63.6 and 51.1 mM, respectively, suggesting that cell growth inhibition by these compounds leads to the inhibition of pols and/or topos. From these findings, diacylglyceride phospholipids, which are present in various foods, might be effective nutrients for promoting human anti-cancer health promotion.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food & Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, 518 Arise, Ikawadani-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan.
authors.forename: Chisato
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ishimaru
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizushina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016590:Aphidicolin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D004264:DNA Topoisomerases, Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000378:metabolism*; D020404:Glycerophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D059003:Topoisomerase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D059003:Topoisomerase Inhibitors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D016590:Aphidicolin; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D004264:DNA Topoisomerases, Type I; D004250:DNA Topoisomerases, Type II