title: Mining human antibody repertoires.
abstract: Human monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become drugs of choice for the management of an increasing number of human diseases.  Human antibody repertoires provide a rich source for human mAbs.  Here we review the characteristics of natural and non-natural human antibody repertoires and their mining with non-combinatorial and combinatorial strategies.  In particular, we discuss the selection of human mAbs from naïve, immune, transgenic, and synthetic human antibody repertoires using methods based on hybridoma technology, clonal expansion of peripheral B cells, single-cell PCR, phage display, yeast display, and mammalian cell display.  Our reliance on different strategies is shifting as we gain experience and refine methods to the efficient generation of human mAbs with superior pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties.
authors.affiliation: Cytos Biotechnology, Schlieren, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Roger R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Beerli
authors.affiliation: 2Experimental Transplantation and Immunology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rader
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D060966:Clonal Selection, Antigen-Mediated; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; D006801:Humans; D006825:Hybridomas; D007167:Immunotherapy; D019151:Peptide Library; D015003:Yeasts
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019151:Peptide Library