Mechanical embolectomy for large vessel ischemic strokes: a cardiologist's experience.
BACKGROUND
Large vessel acute ischemic stroke has a poor outcome. Intravenous (IV) thrombolysis is often contra-indicated and if given, usually ineffective. Mechanical embolectomy is an option in these patients and may be performed by an interventional cardiologist experienced in carotid interventions.


METHODS
Consecutive stroke patients were assessed by the stroke physician and, if eligible, referred for possible mechanical embolectomy using the Merci retriever. All procedures were done by a single cardiologist. Patient information, procedural characteristics and clinical outcomes at 90 days were collected by retrospective chart review.


RESULTS
A total of 22 patients were referred for emergency cerebral angiography with 17 undergoing mechanical embolectomy. The mean National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 20.1 and the mean stroke duration was 284 min. Recanalization was successful in 15 (88%) patients. Ten patients (59%) had a good outcome (modified Rankin Score ≤2 at 90 days) and four died (mortality 23%). Three patients had significant intra-cerebral hemorrhage. There were no other major adverse events.


CONCLUSIONS
For patients with large vessel occlusion strokes where IV thrombolysis was either contra-indicated or had failed, mechanical embolectomy performed by an interventional cardiologist had a high recanalization rate with an acceptable clinical outcome and safety profile.
Abelson
Mark
M
Interventional Cardiologist, Vergelegen Medi Clinic, Somerset West, South Africa. mark@helderbergheart.co.za
Roos
Johan
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D017128:Embolectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013019:South Africa; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult