Parental postoperative pain management: attitudes, assessment, and management.
OBJECTIVE
Previous studies suggested that parents frequently do not adequately treat postoperative pain that is experienced at home. Reasons for these parental practices have not been extensively studied. Aims of this study were to examine parental postoperative pain assessment and management practices at home as well potential attitudinal barriers to such pain practices.


METHODS
This was a longitudinal study involving 132 parents of children who were aged 2 to 12 years and undergoing elective outpatient surgery. Parental attitudes about pain assessment and management were assessed preoperatively, and children's pain severity and analgesic administration were assessed postoperatively for the first 48 hours after discharge.


RESULTS
Although postoperative parental ratings indicated significant pain, parents provided a median of only 1 dose of analgesics (range: 0-3) during the first 48 hours after surgery. In the attitudinal survey, parents' responses have indicated significant barriers. For example, 52% of parents indicated that analgesics are addictive, and 73% reported worries concerning adverse effects. Also, 37% of parents thought that "the less often children receive analgesics, the better they work." Regression analysis demonstrated that, overall, more preoperative attitudinal barriers to pain management were significantly associated with provision of fewer doses of analgesics by parents (P < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Parents detected pain in their children yet provided few doses of analgesics. Parents may benefit from interventions that provide them with information that addresses individual barriers regarding assessing and treating pain.
Rony
Rachel Yaffa Zisk
RY
Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA. yaffazisk@gmail.com
Fortier
Michelle A
MA
Chorney
Jill MacLaren
JM
Perret
Danielle
D
Kain
Zeev N
ZN
D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology
D000700:Analgesics