title: Nocturnal sleep architecture disturbances in early methadone treatment patients.
abstract: The subjective and objective sleep patterns of patients with opioid dependence have been previously reported, but the sleep characteristics of patients in early methadone treatment, especially the objective sleep patterns, remain largely unexamined. This study was designed to explore the nocturnal sleep structure of patients on early methadone treatment. Twenty male methadone treatment (MT) patients and 20 male age- and body mass index-matched controls were assessed with overnight limited polysomnography. Subjective sleep was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Compared with healthy controls, MT patients had lower sleep efficiency, shorter total sleep time, more awakenings and shorter slow wave sleep (SWS). The PSQI and ESS scores in MT patients were significantly higher than in the controls. ESS scores of the patients were significantly associated with the SWS. The findings indicate that patients in early MT have poor sleep quality and abnormal sleep architecture.
authors.affiliation: National Drug Dependence Treatment Center, Beijing Anding Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100088, PR China.
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yi-lang
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Alicia K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Yu-tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Li-xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Wan-jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zuo-ning
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Guo-fu
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-nian
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D017286:Polysomnography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone