title: The emergence of oral tadalafil as a once-daily treatment for pulmonary arterial hypertension.
abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is found in a vast array of diseases, with a minority representing pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Idiopathic PAH or PAH in association with other disorders has been associated with poor survival, poor exercise tolerance, progressive symptoms of dyspnea, and decreased quality of life. Left untreated, patients with PAH typically have a progressive decline in function with high morbidity ultimately leading to death. Advances in medical therapy for PAH over the past decade have made significant inroads into improved function, quality of life, and even survival in this patient population. Three classes of pulmonary artery-specific vasodilators are currently available in the United States. They include prostanoids, endothelin receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors. In May 2009, the FDA approved tadalafil, the first once-daily PDE5 inhibitor for PAH. This review will outline the currently available data on tadalafil and its effects in patients with PAH.
authors.affiliation: Cedars Sinai Women's Guild Lung Institute, Cedars Sinai Heart Institute, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: Kiran J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Philip
authors.forename: Ernst R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Schwarz
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002243:Carbolines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000068581:Tadalafil; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002243:Carbolines; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000068581:Tadalafil; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5