title: Structure-based drug design and optimization of mannoside bacterial FimH antagonists.
abstract: FimH-mediated cellular adhesion to mannosylated proteins is critical in the ability of uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) to colonize and invade the bladder epithelium during urinary tract infection. We describe the discovery and optimization of potent small-molecule FimH bacterial adhesion antagonists based on alpha-d-mannose 1-position anomeric glycosides using X-ray structure-guided drug design. Optimized biarylmannosides display low nanomolar binding affinity for FimH in a fluorescence polarization assay and submicromolar cellular activity in a hemagglutination (HA) functional cell assay of bacterial adhesion. X-ray crystallography demonstrates that the biphenyl moiety makes several key interactions with the outer surface of FimH including pi-pi interactions with Tyr-48 and an H-bonding electrostatic interaction with the Arg-98/Glu-50 salt bridge. Dimeric analogues linked through the biaryl ring show an impressive 8-fold increase in potency relative to monomeric matched pairs and represent the most potent FimH antagonists identified to date. The FimH antagonists described herein hold great potential for development as novel therapeutics for the effective treatment of urinary tract infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Zhenfu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jerome S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pinkner
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Obermann
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wildman
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hobbs
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ellenberger
authors.forename: Corinne K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Cusumano
authors.forename: Scott J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hultgren
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Janetka
mesh_terms: D018830:Adhesins, Escherichia coli; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D015195:Drug Design; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005454:Fluorescence Polarization; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006386:Hemagglutination Tests; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D008362:Mannosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011485:Protein Binding; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D018830:Adhesins, Escherichia coli; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008362:Mannosides; C058769:fimH protein, E coli; D036781:Fimbriae Proteins