title: Effect of temperature and contact time on Campylobacter jejuni attachment to, and probability of detachment from, stainless steel.
abstract: The effect of temperature and contact time on attachment of six Campylobacter jejuni strains to, and probability of their detachment from, stainless steel were determined. Triplicate stainless steel coupons (SSC) were exposed to C. jejuni cell suspensions at 4, 25, 37, and 55 degrees C for 30 min. An increase in temperature enhanced the numbers of cells of all strains of C. jejuni attaching to stainless steel from approximately 4 log/cm(2) at 4 degrees C to approximately 5 log/cm(2) at 55 degrees C. Cells attached to SSC at 4 and 25 degrees C for 30 min were detached by the successive blotting technique on a series of Campylobacter blood-free selective agar plates. The probability of detachment was significantly (P < 0.05) higher at 4 degrees C (> or = 0.219) than at 25 degrees C (> or = 0.111) for five of the six strains tested, suggesting the strength of attachment was weaker at 4 degrees C than at 25 degrees C for these strains. C. jejuni cells were allowed to attach to SSC at 4 degrees C for 1, 15, 30, 45, 60, 120, 180, 240, and 300 min. The numbers of cells attaching to SSC reached approximately 4 log/cm(2) after 1 min of contact and increased slowly thereafter to approximately 5 log/cm(2) after 300 min of contact. The probability of detachment significantly (P < 0.05) decreased from 0.443 after 1 min to 0.134 after 240 min of contact, indicating bacterial attachment was strengthened over time. These data suggest that to reduce the numbers of adhered cells on processing surfaces, low-temperature and early bacterial detachment procedures should be applied.
authors.affiliation: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Food and Nutritional Sciences, P.O. Box 3312, Tingalpa DC, Queensland 4173, Australia.
authors.forename: Vu Tuan
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Dykes
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000502:physiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel