title: Cutaneous periocular Habronema infection in a dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius).
abstract: A 6-year-old castrated dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) presented with a non-healing, severely pruritic, ulcerative fibrotic plaque located at the medial canthus. Histological examination of surgical biopsies identified degenerating nematode larvae within eosinophilic granulomas. Treatment involved repeated debridement of the lesion, injectable ivermectin and anti-inflammatory therapies, and injectable and topical antibiotics. A specially constructed mask with goggles to prevent the camel from continuing to self-traumatize the eye and lesion was also placed. Full recovery occurred approximately 1 month after diagnosis. Because of the location of the lesion, time of year, the gross and microscopic characteristics of the lesion, the presence of a likely nematode larva and the response to treatment, a diagnosis of cutaneous habronemiasis was made.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida, College of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, PO Box 100101, Gainesville, FL 32610-0101, USA. dmyersvet@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Debbie A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Chris D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ellis C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Greiner
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wiedner
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marsella
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nunnery
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002162:Camelus; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D012876:Skin Diseases, Parasitic / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D017205:Spirurida Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013151:Spiruroidea
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D007559:Ivermectin