title: A comparative study evaluating the tolerability and efficacy of two topical therapies for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Onion extract gel (OE) and 0.5% hydrocortisone, silicone and vitamin E lotion (HSE) are two over-the-counter preparations used to enhance the cosmesis of keloids and hypertrophic scars.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the tolerability and efficacy of OE versus HSE versus placebo in subjects with keloids and hypertrophic scars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty subjects (> or =18 years) with keloids or hypertrophic scars were randomly assigned to one of three study preparations for 16 weeks. Scar volume was measured at baseline and weeks 4, 8, 12 and 16. Subjects and blinded investigators assessed scar parameters (induration, erythema, pigmentation alteration, pain, itching, tenderness and cosmetic appearance) and patient satisfaction at each visit using a visual analog scale (VAS). Data analysis included: mean percentage change (MPC) for subjects completing the study (n = 15); the mixed model test to determine differences between the groups over time; and the Kruskal-Wallis test for the analysis of differences in subjects' satisfaction within the three groups over 16 weeks for subjects who completed at least one follow-up visit (n = 21).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three preparations were well tolerated with the exception of a mild acneiform-like eruption in one OE patient. Significant improvements were obtained with OE in volume, length, width and induration and with HSE in volume, length, induration, erythema and pigmentation alteration. There was a trend showing that a higher percentage of subjects were satisfied with OE than with HSE or placebo. The Mix Model Analysis (MMA) showed significant improvements with OE over placebo in investigator cosmetic assessment, lesion induration, pigmentation and tenderness and with HSE over placebo in investigator cosmetic assessment, lesion induration, pigmentation and erythema. Improvements in erythema and pigmentation were significantly greater in HSE than in OE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both OE and HSE were more effective than placebo in the management of hypertrophic scars and keloids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Oliver A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Martha H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Viera
authors.forename: Jitendra K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Sailesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konda
authors.forename: Sadegh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zell
authors.forename: Sujatha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tadicherla
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berman
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D017439:Cicatrix, Hypertrophic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007627:Keloid / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019697:Onions / Q000737:chemistry; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012828:Silicones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012828:Silicones; D014810:Vitamin E; D006854:Hydrocortisone