title: In vitro time- and dose-effect response of JP-8 and S-8 jet fuel on alveolar type II epithelial cells of rats.
abstract: This study was designed to characterize and compare the effects of jet propellant-8 (JP-8) fuel and synthetic-8 (S-8) on cell viability and nitric oxide synthesis in cultured alveolar type II epithelial cells of rats. Exposure times varied from 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 6 hours at the following concentrations of jet fuel: 0.0, 0.1, 0.4, and 2.0 microg/mL. Data indicate that JP-8 presents a gradual decline in cell viability and steady elevation in nitric oxide release as exposure concentrations increase. At a 2.0 microg/mL concentration of JP-8, nearly all of the cells are not viable. Moreover, S-8 exposure to rat type II lung cells demonstrated an abrupt fall in percentage cell viability and increases in nitric oxide measurement, particularly after the 2.0 microg/mL was reached at 1 and 6 hours. At 0.0, 0.2, and 0.4 microg/mL concentrations of S-8, percentage viability was sustained at steady concentrations. The results suggest different epithelial toxicity and mechanistic effects of S-8 and JP-8, providing further insight concerning the impairment imposed at specific levels of lung function and pathology induced by the different fuels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Southwest Environmental Health Sciences Center, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Tiffany M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Robb
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Suann S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: Simon S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Witten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; C098607:JP8 aviation fuel; C534345:S-8 fuel; D009569:Nitric Oxide