title: Short term neurocognitive effects of treatment with ziprasidone and olanzapine in recent onset schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cognitive deficits are a core feature in schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits appear to be present at the onset of schizophrenia and persist after remission of psychotic symptoms. As cognitive deficits are associated with poor functional outcome, they form an important focus of treatment. There are relatively few head-to-head comparisons of the effects of second generation antipsychotics on cognition in recent onset schizophrenia. This is the first study to compare the effects of a short term treatment of olanzapine versus ziprasidone on cognitive functioning in recent onset schizophrenia. An earlier study conducted in chronic patients revealed an enhancement of cognition after treatment for both agents, but the extent of improvement was not significantly different between ziprasidone and olanzapine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with recent onset schizophrenia with limited previous exposure to medical treatment underwent a double blind randomized controlled treatment trial. Fifty-six patients completed the neuropsychological testing procedure prior to randomization and after eight weeks of treatment and were included in the analysis. We tested cognitive functioning in general and verbal memory in particular. We calculated a single unweighted composite score based on nine cognitive tests to determine general cognitive functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cognition appeared enhanced after treatment, but was not significantly different between treatment groups, neither for the verbal memory measures, nor for the neurocognitive composite score. Furthermore, cognitive enhancement did not correlate to clinical improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive deficits are not a reason for preferentially prescribing one of the two second generation antipsychotics tested over the other.
authors.affiliation: Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. n.vanveelen@umcutrecht.nll
authors.forename: Nicoletta M J
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: van Veelen
authors.forename: Koen P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Grootens
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peuskens
authors.forename: B G C
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Sabbe
authors.forename: Miriam E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Salden
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Verkes
authors.forename: René S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Margriet M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sitskoorn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D001569:Benzodiazepines; C092292:ziprasidone; D000077152:Olanzapine