title: Effects of medications on post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Drug-induced pancreatitis accounts for about 2% of acute pancreatitis. The aim of this study is to determine whether propofol and other medications are associated with increased risk for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted at a single tertiary care hospital. All patients who underwent ERCP from 2001 to 2004 were included. Diagnosis of acute post-ERCP pancreatitis was based on a consensus definition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 506 patients underwent ERCP. The total incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis was 7.1%. There was no significant difference in post-ERCP pancreatitis between patients who received propofol compared to patients who received midazolam and fentanyl (9.0 vs. 5.9%, p = 0.18). Patients receiving an angiotensin receptor blocker were approximately 4 times more likely to develop post-ERCP pancreatitis (OR = 4.1, 95% CI 1.6-10.9). Patients younger than 65 years and smokers also had higher risk of developing acute post-ERCP pancreatitis than those who were older than 65 years (OR = 3.9, 95% CI 1.7-9.1) and non-smokers (OR = 2.8, 95% CI 1.3-6.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol is a safe sedative drug for ERCP without additional risk of developing acute post-ERCP pancreatitis. Use of angiotensin receptor blockers, smoking and younger age are independent risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA. lina.liukai@gmail.com
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tieng
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Jalal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akerman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sideridis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bank
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol