title: Noscapine induces mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Noscapine plays an important role in the regulation of cell growth and death. It has been reported to potentiate the anti-tumor effect by inducing apoptosis in various malignant cells. However, the mechanism of inducing apoptosis in gastric cancer cells by this agent remains to be clarified.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the study, we investigated the signaling pathways by which noscapine induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cell lines. Apoptosis of four human gastric cancer cell lines was induced by treatment with noscapine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results indicate that noscapine induced a dose-dependent apoptosis of these cells. The treatment with noscapine upregulated Bax and Cytochrome c (Cyt-c) protein, downregulated Bcl-2 protein. Caspase-3 and caspase-9 were activated, suggesting that the apoptosis is mediated by mitochondrial pathways. Moreover, in xenograft tumor mouse model, noscapine injection successfully inhibited the tumor growth via apoptosis induction which was demonstrated by TUNEL assay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data of the study suggest that noscapine induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cells via mitochondrial pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Xiao-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Wei-Guo
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000235:genetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009665:Noscapine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D009665:Noscapine; D045304:Cytochromes c; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9