title: Psychosocial aspects of breast cancer treatment in Accra, Ghana.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate psychosocial influences and effects of breast cancer treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort questionnaire survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical Outpatient Department, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH), Accra, Ghana.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women previously treated for breast cancer, including those still on hormonal therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Perception of quality of treatment and psychosocial support; and patients' felt needs for alternative treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty nine women treated one to 22 years previously were interviewed. The majority (86%) had mastectomy. Chemotherapy was the most unpleasant aspect of treatment in 58 (65.2%), and 27 (30.3%) were not warned about complications of treatment. Thirty eight (42.7%) reported being afraid (frightened or terrified) at the diagnosis; other reactions were shock, devastation, weeping and depression. Twenty two (24.7%) received no counselling and 15 (18.5%) did not have opportunity to express their fears of death 55 (61.8%), mastectomy/deformity 27 (30.3%) and financial incapability 23 (25.8%). Forty four (49.4%) used alternate 'treatment', mainly prayer camps (25 cases) and herbs (22 cases), before and during hospital treatment. Use of alternate treatment led to delays in treatment in 23 women. They had complaints about the care they received: lack of sympathy and emotional support (16 cases), lack of information and communication (13 cases), lack of counselling (9 cases) and slow processes (8 cases).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many patients utilise prayer camps and herbs leading to delays in treatment. Breast cancer patients in Ghana (West Africa) are not receiving satisfactory emotional support, communication and counseling. Adequate psychosocial interventions need to be implemented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, P.O. Box 4236, Accra, Ghana.
authors.forename: J N A
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Clegg-Lamptey
authors.forename: J C B
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Dakubo
authors.forename: Y N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Attobra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003142:Communication; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003376:Counseling; D004522:Educational Status; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005869:Ghana; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012944:Social Support; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires