title: Effects of sympathetic histamine on vasomotor responses of blood vessels in rabbit ear to electrical stimulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of histamine receptor antagonists on vasoconstriction induced by electrical stimulation (ES) on posterior auricular nerve, and to explore the pre- and post-synaptic effects of sympathetic histamine on the vasomotor responses of vascular smooth muscle in rabbit ear.
  
  
  METHODS
  ES was applied to posterior auricular nerves of the whole rabbit ear at 10 Hz, 20 Hz and 40 Hz, respectively. Besides, the whole ear was perfused with different histamine receptor antagonists under constant perfusion pressure, and the changes in the flow rate of perfusate were observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The flow rate of venous outflow was decreased by ES at all the 3 frequencies. The ES-induced vasoconstriction at 20 Hz and 40 Hz could be partly inhibited by H(1) receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine (P < 0.05). After exhaustion of histamine in mast cells by pretreatment with specific mast cell degranulator compound 48/80, chlorpheniramine could still inhibit the ES-induced flow rate reduction. In contrast, H(2) receptor antagonist cimetidine could enhance the 40-Hz ES-induced flow rate reduction (P < 0.05). Moreover, ES-induced vasoconstriction at the 3 frequencies could all be enhanced by H(3) receptor antagonist thioperamide (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stimulation on the auricular nerve may evoke histamine release from sympathetic nerves rather than from mast cells. Moreover, the functions of sympathetic histamine vary from pre-synaptic modulation to post-synaptic vasoconstriction or vasodilatation, via activation of different histamine receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Ying-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Gong-Hao
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Xiao-Xing
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004423:Ear / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D011968:Receptors, Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3 / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014666:Vasomotor System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014680:Veins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D011968:Receptors, Histamine; D011969:Receptors, Histamine H1; D011970:Receptors, Histamine H2; D018100:Receptors, Histamine H3; D006632:Histamine