title: Exercise-induced respiratory symptoms: an epidemic among adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the most important causes of exercise-induced respiratory symptoms in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published English-language medical literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary literature and consensus publications relevant to the objective.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnosis and treatment of exercise-induced asthma are well characterized. Other syndromes, such as exercise-induced vocal cord dysfunction, exercise-induced paradoxical arytenoid motion, and exercise-induced hyperventilation, are relatively common but so far are described primarily in uncontrolled case reports.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Controlled studies are necessary to define efficient diagnostic and treatment algorithms for young patients experiencing respiratory symptoms during exercise who do not respond to asthma treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA. stilles@nwasthma.com
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tilles
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001193:Arytenoid Cartilage / Q000473:pathology; D001250:Asthma, Exercise-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D014943:Global Health; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006985:Hyperventilation / Q000503:physiopathology; D012882:Skin Tests; D013147:Spirometry; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000473:pathology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology