Super-obesity and risk for early and late pre-eclampsia.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the association between obesity subtypes and risk of early and late pre-eclampsia.


METHODS
Population-based retrospective study.


METHODS
State of Missouri maternally linked birth cohort files.


METHODS
All singleton live births in the state of Missouri from 1989 to 2005.


METHODS
The body mass index (BMI) was used to classify women as normal weight (BMI = 18.5-24.9 kg/m(2)), class I obesity (BMI = 30-34.9 kg/m(2)), class II obesity (BMI = 35-39.9 kg/m(2)), class III obesity (BMI = 40-49.9 kg/m(2)) or super-obesity (BMI > or = 50 kg/m(2)). Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between obesity and the risk of pre-eclampsia were obtained from logistic regression models with adjustment for intracluster correlation.


RESULTS
The rate of pre-eclampsia increased with increasing BMI, with super-obese women having the highest incidence (13.4%). Compared with normal weight women, obese women (BMI > or = 30 kg/m(2)) had a higher risk for pre-eclampsia (OR = 2.59, 95% CI = 2.87-3.01). This risk remained approximately the same for late-onset pre-eclampsia (pre-eclampsia occurring at 34 weeks or more of gestation) and was slightly reduced for early-onset pre-eclampsia (pre-eclampsia occurring at 34 weeks or less of gestation). Within each BMI category, the risk of pre-eclampsia increased with the rate of weight gain. Compared with normal weight mothers with moderate weight gain, super-obese women with a high rate of weight gain had the greatest risk for pre-eclampsia (OR = 7.52, 95% CI = 2.70-21.0).


CONCLUSIONS
BMI and rate of weight gain are synergistic risk factors that amplify the burden of pre-eclampsia among super-obese women.
Mbah
A K
AK
Center for Research and Evaluation, The Chiles Center, University of South Florida, 3111 E. Fletcher Avenue, Tampa, FL 33613, USA.
Kornosky
J L
JL
Kristensen
S
S
August
E M
EM
Alio
A P
AP
Marty
P J
PJ
Belogolovkin
V
V
Bruder
K
K
Salihu
H M
HM
D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain