title: Relationship between obesity and physical fitness and periodontitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity and exercise are important elements associated with lifestyle-related diseases, and studies suggested that these factors may also be related to periodontitis. This study investigates the relationship between obesity and physical fitness and periodontitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand, one hundred and sixty Japanese subjects, aged 20 to 77 years, who participated in health examinations at Fukuoka Health Promotion Center were analyzed. Periodontal conditions were evaluated using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI), and subjects with > or =3 sextants of CPI code 3 or 4 were defined as having severe periodontitis. We used the body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat as indicators of obesity and estimated the maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2max)) during exercise as an indicator of physical fitness. We divided these variables into quintiles. We examined the single effect and interactions of the obesity index and VO(2max) on severe periodontitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lowest quintile in BMI and the highest quintile in VO(2max) were inversely associated with severe periodontitis, singly, in multivariate logistic regression analyses. Subjects with the combined lowest quintile in BMI and the highest quintile in VO(2max) had a significantly lower risk of severe periodontitis compared to subjects with other combined quintiles in BMI and in VO(2max) (odds ratio: 0.17; 95% confidence interval: 0.05 to 0.55).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that obesity and physical fitness may have some interactive effect on periodontal health status.
authors.affiliation: Section of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Division of Oral Health, Growth, and Development, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. shima@dent.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimazaki
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Egami
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Sumio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akifusa
authors.forename: Sumie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jingu
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D016552:Ergometry; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012907:Smoking; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose