Induction of DNA strand breaks by dental composite components compared to X-ray exposure in human gingival fibroblasts.
The toxicity of dental composites has been attributed to the release of residual monomers from polymerized resin-based composites due to degradation processes or incomplete polymerization. Some of these eluted substances have a genotoxic potential. We tested the hypothesis that realistic concentrations (and/or worst case concentrations/situations) of bisphenol-A-glycidyldimethacrylate (BisGMA), triethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) found in elution experiments can cause DNA strand breaks in human gingival fibroblasts (HGF). Such DNA damage was compared with that resulting from ionizing radiation coming from natural sources, dental radiography or tumor therapy. TEGDMA, HEMA and MMA did not induce DNA strand breaks at concentrations of up to 10 mM. About 24 h after incubation with 0.25 mM BisGMA, significantly more DNA strand breaks were found in HGF compared to controls. DNA strand breaks caused by 0.25 mM BisGMA, correspond to DNA strand breakage caused by irradiation with 4 Gy, only used in the high single-dose irradiation tumor therapy. But 0.25 mM BisGMA is more than 100-fold higher than that concentration found in worst case calculations. Therefore, our data did not support our hypothesis.
Durner
Jürgen
J
Department of Operative/Restorative Dentistry, Periodontology and Pedodontics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Goethestrasse 70, 80336 Munich, Germany. juergen.durner@med.uni-muenchen.de
Dębiak
Małgorzata
M
Bürkle
Alexander
A
Hickel
Reinhard
R
Reichl
Franz-Xaver
FX
D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D053960:DNA Breaks / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays; D006801:Humans; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000633:toxicity; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000633:toxicity; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000633:toxicity; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000633:toxicity; D014964:X-Ray Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D014965:X-Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
D003188:Composite Resins; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate