title: A preliminary study of reactive oxygen species activity within motile Boer buck sperm using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is an association between reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage to sperm. Researchers believe that ROS is always present at the sperm's head. The variation of ROS concentration within the area has an impact on the integrity of the DNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A study was conducted to confirm the location of ROS within a group of motile Boer buck sperm. A dual photon confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) with a 507 nm excitation and 529 nm emission was used on thawed cryopreserved sperms mixed with 10% polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and stained with 10 mmol/l dihydrorhodamine 123. ROS production was observed and captured under the CLSM at 400x magnification and a frame rate of 35 fps. All fluorescent images were then automatically overlaid with images obtained through Brightfield (BF) to the location of the sperm's membrane. A 3-D reconstruction of the sperm was also conducted to confirm the location of ROS activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ROS activity was present at the acrosome, midpiece one third of the sperm's tail and whole area of the sperm head. ROS in immotile sperm was also present at the acrosome, one third of sperm tail and the whole area of the head compartment. Relatively fluorescence intensity of ROS was found lower in motile Boer buck sperm as compared to the immotile Boer buck sperm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that sperm viability largely depends on the ability of the sperm to confine ROS within the acrosome, midpiece and one third of the sperm's tail.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Fac. Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur.
authors.forename: I Siti
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Fatimah
authors.forename: I Mohd
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Iswadi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Khairul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nurhazilah
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Fadzilah
authors.forename: A R Mohd
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Padzil
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Srijit
authors.forename: O Abas
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Mazni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006041:Goats; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species