title: [Fungal infections in oncohematology: the role of prophylaxis].
abstract: Fungal infections in patients with oncohematological diseases present a changing scene due to various circumstances such as: a better control of bacterial infections, the prophylactic use of antifungal agents such as fluconazole, the emergence of pathogens other than Candida spp., infections in non-neutropenic patients during graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), the use of other therapies that cause an increased immunosuppression (dexamethasone in high doses, fludarabine, rituximab, etc.), among others. Acute leukemia, hematopoietic transplant, GVHD, and treatment with purine analogs (fludarabine, cladribine) or alemtuzumab are considered to be the clinical scenarios with the highest risk. The ongoing management of fungal infections includes prophylaxis, empirical treatment of patients with fever not responsive to antibiotics, preemptive therapy, and specific treatment.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Cancerologia, Mexico, D.F.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sobrevilla Calvo
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D009181:Mycoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015725:Fluconazole