title: Neoadjuvant therapy may lead to successful surgical resection and improved survival in patients with borderline resectable pancreatic cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Borderline resectable pancreatic cancers are technically amenable to surgical resection, but are associated with increased risk of locoregional recurrence. Patients with these tumours may be treated with neoadjuvant therapy in an attempt to improve margin-negative resection rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The University of Cincinnati Pancreatic Cancer Database was retrospectively reviewed. Borderline resectable disease was defined by the following radiographic criteria: (i) short segment occlusion of the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), portal vein (PV) or SMV/PV confluence; (ii) short segment hepatic artery encasement, or (iii) superior mesenteric artery/coeliac artery abutment of <180 degrees. Patients with resectable disease who had questionable metastatic disease or poor performance status were also included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine patients met the criteria. Of these, 26 underwent a full course of neoadjuvant therapy. Twelve (46%) underwent surgical resection and 14 had tumour progression or were deemed unresectable at laparotomy. The most common neoadjuvant therapy regimen was gemcitabine-based chemotherapy alone (58%). Of those undergoing surgery, 67% had margin-negative (R0) resections and 42% required venous resection. Median survival was 15.5 months for unresected patients and 23.3 months for resected patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Borderline resectable pancreatic tumours can be treated neoadjuvantly, resulting in margin-negative resection and survival rates similar to those in initially resectable disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, 234 Goodman Street, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: McClaine
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lowy
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sussman
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schmulewitz
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Grisell
authors.forename: Syed A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009820:Ohio; D010180:Pancreatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome