title: Isolation of Trypanosoma caninum in domestic dogs in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: The domestic dog's involvement with different members of the Trypanosomatidae family has been the focus of several studies due to this animal's close proximity to man. Recently this animal has been infected by a new Trypanosoma species (T. caninum), described in Rio de Janeiro and 19 similar isolates were later obtained. The objective of this study was to identify these isolates. All samples were isolated from intact skin cultures and analysed morphologically, by biochemical isoenzyme electrophoresis assays and by several molecular PCR assays. Additionally, anti-Leishmania sp. antibodies were assessed using the indirect Immunofluorescence Antibody Test (IFAT) in all animals. The methodologies employed to identify the isolates, including partial nucleotide sequences of 18S rRNA gene, indicated patterns identical to T. caninum and patterns different from the other species, including T. cruzi and T. rangeli samples. A phylogenetic tree constructed with the partial 18S ribosomal sequence shows that T. caninum is clustered with T. pestanai. Ten (52.6%) animals presented anti-Leishmania sp. antibodies with titres varying from 1:40 to 1:320. Thus, the hypothesis that this protozoan has disseminated among the dogs in Rio de Janeiro must be considered. The importance of a correct diagnosis in those animals and the possible consequences in the areas where visceral leishmaniasis is found are discussed here.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Vigilância em Leishmanioses, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. andressa.guimaraes@ipec.fiocruz.br
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: De S Pinto
authors.forename: T M P
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Schubach
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fagundes
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Da S Barros
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: De Paula
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Madeira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000469:parasitology*; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D004285:Dogs; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S