title: Decompressive hemicraniectomy in ischaemic stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hemispheric ischaemic stroke complicated by oedema is associated with high mortality. The results of randomized studies showed that decompressive hemicraniectomy performed in this group of patients could be beneficial. First experiences with implementation of hemi-craniectomy in patients with brain infarct in our stroke centre are presented.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August 2007 and July 2008, four patients with hemispheric brain infarcts complicated by malignant oedema underwent decompressive hemicraniectomy within 72 hours from symptoms onset. Stroke severity was assessed with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS). Clinical outcome was assessed 3, 6 and 12 months after the event using the modified Rankin scale (mRS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first patient, the neurosurgical procedure included only decompressive hemicraniectomy, whereas in the other three duraplasty was performed additionally. The first patient died 23 days after the stroke onset due to acute respiratory failure. Another died at four months after the event, due to infectious complications. The remaining two patients presented severe functional disability 12 months after the procedure (mRS score 4).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decompressive surgery with duraplasty can be a life-saving procedure for patients with brain oedema. To our knowledge, the presented cases are among the first reported cases of hemispheric ischaemic stroke treated with decompressive hemicraniectomy in Poland. Extended follow-up with a larger group of patients is necessary to assess long-term outcome.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Neurologii Wieku Podeszlego, Slaski Uniwersytet Medyczny w Katowicach, SP Centralny Szpital Kliniczny w Katowicach. mswiat@csk.katowice.pl
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Swiat
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Targosz-Gajniak
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arkuszewski
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wojtacha
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bazowski
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Opala
authors.forename: Małgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pieta
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gamrot
mesh_terms: D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011044:Poland; D016896:Treatment Outcome