title: Face and neck revitalization with platelet-rich plasma (PRP): clinical outcome in a series of 23 consecutively treated patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has long been known as an effective treatment in various surgical and medical fields. Face and neck revitalization with PRP is an application that is currently being explored. The aim of this paper is practical: to evaluate if there are real outcomes, benefits and side effects of a standardized injection protocol in a continuous series, without control groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a three-month study, a consecutive series of 23 patients were treated with one session of injections with PRP every month from September 2008 to December 2008 (a total of three sessions). For blood management, a sterile Regen Lab Kit was used. Patients received 4 mL of PRP, activated with calcium chloride, at standard injection points into face and neck skin. The study was documented with imaging before and after each session using a dermoscope, a digital camera, as well as a comprehensive state-of-the-art imaging system and dedicated medical imaging software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results were evaluated one month after the last session (January 2009) by a special spider improvement score, a photograph score, a patient's satisfaction score and a doctor's satisfaction score. Finally, a definitive graduated score was calculated for each patient. Overall, the results were satisfactory. No serious and persistent side effects were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Face and neck revitalization with PRP is a promising easy-to-perform technique in face and neck rejuvenation and scar attenuation. Further work needs to be carried out to investigate its exact mechanism of action.
authors.affiliation: A.M.I.Est, Milan, Italy. mail@docredaelli.com
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Redaelli
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcianó
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000628:therapy; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects; D046169:Dermoscopy; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging; D016896:Treatment Outcome