title: A pin in appendix within Amyand's hernia in a six-years-old boy: case report and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Presence of vermiform appendix (non-inflamed or inflamed) in inguinal hernia is called Amyand's hernia in honor to surgeon C. Amyand who published the first case of perforated appendicitis within inguinal hernia in a boy caused by ingested pin. This presentation of foreign body Amyand's hernia appendicitis is very rare, and here we present such a case.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 6-year-old boy, white Kosovar ethnicity, presented with right groin pain, swelling and redness. Two days before admission the patient was injured by football during a children game in the right lower abdomen and the next day he complained of pain in the right inguinal area.On admission patient had a painful non-reducible mass in the right inguinal region and cellulitis. Plain abdominal x-ray showed no fluid-air levels, but a metallic foreign body (pin) under right superior pubic ramus was apparent. With preoperative diagnosis of suspect incarcerated inguinal hernia with cellulitis the patient was operated on under general anaesthesia in December 2, 2006. Intraoperatively we found the inflamed vermiform appendix perforated by a pin in the hernial sac. Appendectomy and herniotomy were performed. The wound was primary closed, without any post-operative complications and follow up for the patient is three years long.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Foreign body (pin) Amyand's hernia appendicitis seems to be extremely rare, maybe once in a century (Amyand 1735, Hall 1886, and our case in 2006). In patients with clinical signs of incarcerated inguinal hernia, with locally inflammatory signs, but without signs of intestinal obstruction Amyand's hernia appendicitis in differential diagnosis must be considered. In our case, it is possible that the injury during the football game might have induced perforation of the vermiform appendix with the foreign body in it.
authors.affiliation: Department of pediatric surgery, University Clinical Centre of Kosova, 10 000 Prishtina, Kosova. sadik_llullaku@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Sadik S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Llullaku
authors.forename: Nexhmi Sh
authors.initials: NSh
authors.lastname: Hyseni
authors.forename: Baton Z
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Kelmendi
authors.forename: Hysni J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jashari
authors.forename: Antigona S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hasani