title: Metabolic and hormonal parameters in post-menopausal women 10 years after transdermal oestradiol treatment, alone or combined to micronized oral progesterone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the post-Women's Health Initiative Study era few post-menopausal women complete long term hormonal treatment (HT).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyse metabolic/hormonal parameters and frequency of the metabolic syndrome (METS) in post-menopausal women after 10 years of HT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective data from parallel cohorts of post-menopausal women receiving HT for 10 years was analysed. Regimens included: transdermal oestradiol (50 microg) (n=22), sequential cyclic HT with transdermal oestradiol (50 microg) plus 200 mg/day micronized oral progesterone (cycle days 12-25) (n=83), or continuous combined HT with transdermal oestradiol (50 microg) plus 100 mg/day micronized oral progesterone (n=46). A group of women who elected not to use HT served as a control group (n=35).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency of the METS did not significantly increase after 10 years of HT. Oestradiol and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels displayed a significant increase compared to baseline after 10 years of HT (all regimens). These values were significant higher when compared to the control group. Glucose levels were significantly higher after 10 years in women receiving the sequential cyclic regimen. Although not reaching statistical significance, there was a trend for transdermal oestradiol alone to increase HDL-C and decrease triglyceride levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum oestradiol and SHBG levels were significantly higher after 10 years of transdermal oestradiol, alone or combined with micronized oral progesterone, without differences observed in serum metabolic parameters. More research through randomised clinical trials is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital Clínico San Cecilio, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cuadros
authors.forename: Ana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fernández-Alonso
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chedraui
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cuadros
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Sabatel
authors.forename: Faustino R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Pérez-López
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D002784:Cholesterol