title: Visceral leishmaniasis in a kidney transplant recipient: parasitic interstitial nephritis, a cause of renal dysfunction.
abstract: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) due to Leishmania infantum is an endemic parasitic infection in the Mediterranean area. It most commonly affects immunosuppressed individuals, especially HIV patients and less frequently organ transplant recipients. Renal involvement seems to be frequent and is mostly associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis, as described in autopsy reports. In the 61 cases of renal transplant recipients with VL reported in the literature, renal dysfunction was noted at clinical presentation and was more frequently observed as a complication of antiparasitic therapy. However, no pathological analysis of the allograft lesions was reported. We present the case of a Swiss renal transplant recipient who developed VL after vacations in Spain and Tunisia, complicated by acute parasitic nephritis in the renal allograft 3 months after a well-conducted treatment of liposomal amphotericin B.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital of Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dettwiler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hadaya
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chappuis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Delden
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moll
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000469:parasitology; D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000469:parasitology; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000469:parasitology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000469:parasitology; D013030:Spain; D014416:Tunisia
chemical_list: C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B