title: Knowledge and implementation of the DNR in internal medicine teaching programs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The knowledge and implementation skills of the DNR (do not resuscitate) order amongst physicians in training appears to be quite variable.
  
  
  METHODS
  We constructed, validated and implemented an instrument which evaluates knowledge and implementation skills of medical residents regarding the DNR in the 8 accredited teaching hospitals in Puerto Rico.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participation of 136 residents from 240 approved positions was seen. Most thought (93.3%) the DNR should be written in the medical record. And 88.1% thought appropriate to suggest a DNR to the patient or family for a terminally ill patient. For a patient with an uncertain prognosis who insisted on a DNR, 78.5% believed the attending physician and 21.5% thought the ethics committee was responsible for determining the propriety of the order. When the patient and the treating physicians agreed on the appropriateness of a DNR order most residents in the North of Puerto Rico thought the writing of the order was the purview of the resident while residents in the South-West thought this to be the responsibility of the attending physician. In the absence of a DNR order, more than 77.4% of the residents in the North and South would initiate CPR in a comatose patient with terminal cancer, multiple organ failure and sepsis in contrast to 15% of the residents in the West.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implementation and knowledge skills of medical residents in the health regions of Puerto Rico differ. Knowledge and implementation of the DNR merits improvement in all training programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine Ramón Ruiz Arnau Hospital and Universidad Central del Caribe PO Box 60327 Bayamón, PR. ramirez.r629@gmail.com
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Rivera
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cánova-Díaz
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hunter-Mellado
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003479:Curriculum; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine / Q000193:education*; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D016414:Resuscitation Orders; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires