title: Dietary fiber, source foods and colorectal cancer risk: the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite much evidence from laboratory work, epidemiological evidence remains elusive regarding the role of dietary fiber in colorectal carcinogenesis. We investigated associations of dietary fiber and source foods with colorectal cancer risk in the Fukuoka Colorectal Cancer Study, a community-based case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study subjects were 816 incident cases of colorectal cancer and 815 community controls. Nutrient and food intakes were estimated on the basis of a computer-assisted interview regarding 148 dietary items. Odds ratios of colorectal cancer according to quintile categories of energy-adjusted intakes of dietary fiber and food groups were obtained with adjustment for non-dietary factors and dietary intakes of calcium and n-3 fatty acids.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total, soluble and insoluble dietary fibers were not measurably associated with overall risk or subsite-specific risk of colorectal cancer. By contrast, rice consumption was associated with a decreased risk of colorectal cancer (trend p = 0.03), particularly of distal colon and rectal cancer (trend p = 0.02), and high intake of non-rice cereals tended to be related to an increased risk of colon cancer (trend p = 0.07). There was no association between vegetable consumption and colorectal cancer, whereas individuals with the lowest intake of fruits tended to have an increased risk of colorectal cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study did not corroborate a protective association between dietary fiber and colorectal cancer, but suggested a decreased risk of distal colorectal cancer associated with rice consumption.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Suminori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyomura
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagano
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizoue
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mibu
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakeji
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikejiri
authors.forename: Kitaroh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Futami
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: Yohichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasunami
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichimiya
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Terasaka
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D033162:Incidental Findings; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012275:Oryza; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires