Effects of palladium nanoparticles on the cytokine release from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of non-atopic women.
The object of this study is to determine the cytokine release from PBMCs exposed to Pd model nanoparticles emitted from catalytic converters. PBMCs of 8 healthy non-atopic women were incubated in the presence of Pd nanoparticles (5-10 nm) or salt (potassium hexa-chloropalladate) 10-5 and 10-6 M. Release of cytokines in supernatant of PBMCs was then determined. In cultures without LPS, IL-10 and IL-17 release from PBMCs was inhibited by Pd salt, while Pd nanoparticles inhibited TNF-alpha and IL-17 release. In LPS-stimulated cultures, release of IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IL-10 and IL-17 was inhibited by Pd salt, whereas IFN-gamma release was enhanced and TNF-alpha and IL-17 release was inhibited by Pd nanoparticles. In conclusion, Pd salt inhibits cytokine release, whereas Pd nanoparticles exert modulatory effects enhancing the release of IFN-gamma, a Th1 cytokine typical of delayed allergic reactions. This result is interesting considering the increase of allergic contact dermatitis to Pd in people exposed to Pd nanoparticles in urban environments.
Boscolo
Paolo
P
Operative Unit of Occupational Medicine of the University G. d'Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Pescara, Italy. boscolo@unich.it
Bellante
V
V
Leopold
K
K
Maier
M
M
Di Giampaolo
L
L
Antonucci
A
A
Iavicoli
I
I
Tobia
L
L
Paoletti
A
A
Montalti
M
M
Petrarca
C
C
Qiao
N
N
Sabbioni
E
E
Di Gioacchino
M
M
D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010165:Palladium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018579:Patient Selection; D012016:Reference Values; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015848:Interleukin-5; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D010165:Palladium; D007371:Interferon-gamma