title: Salivary MMP-8, TIMP-1, and ICTP as markers of advanced periodontitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Salivary matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and -14, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) were analysed aiming to detect potential markers of advanced periodontitis in saliva. In addition, we compared two MMP-8 detection methods, a time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (IFMA) and an enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA), to differentiate periodontitis subjects from controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concentrations of MMP-8, MMP-14, TIMP-1, and ICTP were analysed from salivary specimens of 165 subjects, including 84 subjects having at least 14 teeth with periodontal pocket (pocket depth > or =4 mm) and 81 subjects without pocket depth as their controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Salivary MMP-8 detection by IFMA differentiated periodontitis subjects from controls more strongly than by ELISA. Salivary MMP-8, TIMP-1, and ICTP concentrations were higher in periodontitis subjects than those in controls. When only smokers were included in the analysis these differences were lost. The MMP-8/TIMP-1 ratio and the combination of MMP-8 and ICTP differentiated periodontitis and control groups even in smoker subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salivary MMP-8, TIMP-1, ICTP, and especially their ratios and combinations are potential candidates in the detection of advanced periodontitis. Differentiating periodontitis and control subjects with salivary MMP-8 detection is dependent on the selected techniques.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. ulvi.gursoy@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Ulvi Kahraman
authors.initials: UK
authors.lastname: Gursoy
authors.forename: Eija
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Könönen
authors.forename: Pratikshya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pradhan-Palikhe
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervahartiala
authors.forename: Pirkko J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Pussinen
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Suominen-Taipale
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D024042:Collagen Type I; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D015200:Fluoroimmunoassay; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14 / Q000032:analysis; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000032:analysis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis*; D010455:Peptides; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011347:Procollagen / Q000032:analysis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D012907:Smoking; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D024042:Collagen Type I; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D011347:Procollagen; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; C488762:MMP8 protein, human; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; C507086:MMP14 protein, human; D053511:Matrix Metalloproteinase 14