title: Ethics and adolescent care: an international perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This update reviews the concepts underlying ethical issues in various contexts and countries, highlighting the evolution in the use of the core values underpinning the field and practice of bioethics as applied to healthcare.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It stresses the specific position of the adolescent as being a unique individual searching for autonomy and, most of the time, being competent to make decisions regarding the adolescent's own health. It briefly outlines the principles of a 'deliberative' approach in which the practitioner, while keeping in mind the legal context of the country where the practitioner is working, assesses to what extent the adolescent can be considered as competent, and then discusses with the adolescent the medical and psychosocial aspects of the various actions to be taken in a situation, as well as the basic ethical values linked with each of the various options available. The deliberation can involve relevant stakeholders, provided the issues concerning confidentiality have been fully discussed with the adolescent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This process forces the practitioner, the adolescent patient and those who care for the adolescent patient to look outside their usual frameworks and make a decision that is in the best interest of the young person, and is informed by various ethical values.
authors.affiliation: Centre hospitalier universitaire vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. Pierre-Andre.Michaud@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Pierre-André
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berg-Kelly
authors.forename: Aidan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: Lazare
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benaroyo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000941:ethics*; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation