title: Hormonal and ion regulatory response in three freshwater fish species following waterborne copper exposure.
abstract: We evaluated effects of sublethal copper exposure in 3 different freshwater fish: rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), common carp (Cyprinus carpio) and gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio). In a first experiment we exposed these fishes to an equally toxic Cu dose, a Cu level 10 times lower than their 96 h LC50 value: 20, 65, and 150 microg/L Cu. In a second series we exposed them to the same Cu concentration (50 microg/L). Na+/K+-ATPase activity in gill tissue was disturbed differently in rainbow trout then in common and gibel carp. Rainbow trout showed a thorough disruption of plasma ion levels at the beginning of both exposures, whereas common carp and gibel carp displayed effects only after 3 days. Rainbow trout and common carp thyroid hormones experienced adverse effects in the beginning of the exposure. The involvement of prolactin in handling metal stress was reflected in changes of mRNA prolactin receptor concentrations in gill tissue, with an up regulation of this mRNA in rainbow trout and a down regulation in gibel carp, which was more pronounced in the latter. Overall, rainbow trout appeared more sensitive in the beginning of the exposure, however, when it overcame this first challenge, it handled copper exposure in a better manner then common and gibel carp as they showed more long term impacts of Cu exposure.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Ecophysiology, Biochemistry and Toxicology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. marleen.eyckmans@ua.ac.be
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eyckmans
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tudorache
authors.forename: Veerle M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Darras
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blust
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Boeck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006054:Goldfish / Q000378:metabolism; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D007477:Ions / Q000378:metabolism; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D007477:Ions; D015221:Potassium Channels; D015222:Sodium Channels; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium