Toward clinical X-ray phase-contrast CT: demonstration of enhanced soft-tissue contrast in human specimen.
OBJECTIVE
X-ray computed tomography (CT) using phase contrast can provide images with greatly enhanced soft-tissue contrast in comparison to conventional attenuation-based CT. We report on the first scan of a human specimen recorded with a phase-contrast CT system based on an x-ray grating interferometer and a conventional x-ray tube source. Feasibility and potential applications of preclinical and clinical phase-contrast CT are discussed.


METHODS
A hand of an infant was scanned ex vivo at 40 kVp tube voltage. The simultaneously recorded attenuation and phase-contrast CT images were quantitatively compared with each other, by introducing a specific Hounsfield unit for phase-contrast imaging.


RESULTS
We observe significantly enhanced soft-tissue contrast in the phase images, when compared with the attenuation data. Particularly, tendons and ligaments appear with strongly increased contrast-to-noise ratio.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results demonstrate the huge potential of phase-contrast CT for clinical investigations of human specimens and, potentially, of humans. Because the applied technique works efficiently with conventional x-ray tubes and detectors, it is suitable for the realization of preclinical and clinical phase-contrast CT systems.
Donath
Tilman
T
Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen PSI, Switzerland. tilman.donath@dectris.com
Pfeiffer
Franz
F
Bunk
Oliver
O
Grünzweig
Christian
C
Hempel
Eckhard
E
Popescu
Stefan
S
Vock
Peter
P
David
Christian
C
D002102:Cadaver; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006225:Hand / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods*