title: Neurobiology of sleep.
abstract: The neurobiology of sleep is introduced in the context of interacting wake and sleep systems. Specifically, the transitions from wake to sleep and from non-rapid eye movement to rapid eye movement sleep are discussed based on the flip-flop switch hypothesis. Regulation of wake and sleep according to the opposing homeostatic and circadian systems are also presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, California Pacific Medical Center, 2351 Clay Street, Suite 501, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. lubs@sutterhealth.org
authors.forename: Brandon S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Phyllis C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Zee
mesh_terms: D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D006632:Histamine / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology; D000068797:Orexins; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins; D006632:Histamine; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine