title: Deletion of MAOA and MAOB in a male patient causes severe developmental delay, intermittent hypotonia and stereotypical hand movements.
abstract: Monoamine oxidases (MAO-A and MAO-B) have a key role in the degradation of amine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. We identified an inherited 240 kb deletion on Xp11.3-p11.4, which encompasses both monoamine oxidase genes but, unlike other published reports, does not affect the adjacent Norrie disease gene (NDP). The brothers who inherited the deletion, and thus have no monoamine oxidase function, presented with severe developmental delay, intermittent hypotonia and stereotypical hand movements. The clinical features accord with published reports of larger microdeletions and selective MAO-A and MAO-B deficiencies in humans and mouse models and suggest considerable functional compensation between MAO-A and MAO-B under normal conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Annabel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whibley
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Urquhart
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dore
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Willatt
authors.forename: Georgina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parkin
authors.forename: Lorraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaunt
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Dian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Donnai
authors.forename: F Lucy
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Raymond
mesh_terms: D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000235:genetics*; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000235:genetics*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000235:genetics; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics*; D009123:Muscle Hypotonia / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior
chemical_list: D008995:Monoamine Oxidase