title: Radiologically manifested accessory extraocular muscles in thyroid eye disease.
abstract: The authors describe 3 patients with Graves orbitopathy who all have accessory orbital structures on orbital imaging. These structures are isodense on CT and isointense on MRI to the extraocular muscles and have a similar anatomical appearance to accessory extraocular muscles previously described in the literature. The authors propose that Graves orbitopathy involves these accessory muscles and makes them visible on imaging.
authors.affiliation: Cardiff Eye Unit, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, United Kingdom. sinclne@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Neil E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Margaret D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hourihan
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Carol M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000175:diagnosis; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D009915:Orbit / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed