Electroconvulsive therapy for catatonia in neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus.
Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus encompasses neurological syndromes of the central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous system and a variety of psychiatric syndromes. Neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus presenting as catatonia is uncommon, and treatment of this condition is not well defined. Here we describe a case of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus with catatonia and our treatment approach focusing on electroconvulsive therapy in conjunction with cyclophosphamide. We also discuss the pathophysiological underpinnings of the condition and the basis for treatment.
Fam
Johnson
J
Department of Psychiatry, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. jhnsnfm@gmail.com
Lee
Tih Shih
TS
Lee
Huei Yen
HY
Ng
Beng Yeong
BY
D000328:Adult; D002389:Catatonia / Q000628:therapy*; D002681:China; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020945:Lupus Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide