Use of cheese whey to enhance Geotrichum candidum biomass production in olive mill wastewater.
Geotrichum candidum is a yeast-like filamentous fungus that has attracted industrial interest. The present work investigated G. candidum biomass production in agro-industrial wastewaters (olive mill wastewater (OMW) and cheese whey (CW)) as the only substrate. Different solid media (Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA), CW, OMW, and OMW/CW mixtures in different proportions) were tested. OMW/CW mixtures proved to be suitable for optimal mycelia growth of G. candidum with a very high hyphae density. The highest fungal and expansion rate growth of 83 +/- 1 mm and 12.4 day(-1), respectively, were obtained on a 20:80 mixture of OMW/CW, which was incubated for 7 days. This optimal mixture was used to study the biomass production and the OMW decolorization ability of G. candidum in the presence of CW in liquid medium. Liquid cultures were also conducted in OMW and CW separately. After 5 days of incubation, fungal biomass reached 9.26 g l(-1) in the OMW/CW mixture and only 2.83 g l(-1) in CW, while no biomass production was observed in OMW alone. OMW decolorization and dephenolization by G. candidum also improved in the presence of CW with a decolorization efficiency of 54.5% and a total phenolic reduction of 55.3%, compared with the control which yielded values of about 10% and 15%, respectively. These results suggested that OMW/CW--as the only substrate--could be used as a cost-effective medium to produce G. candidum biomass, without the need for water dilution or supplementation with other nutriments.
Aouidi
Fathia
F
Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology (INSAT), 2 Boulevard de la Terre, B.P. 676, 1080 Tunis, Tunisia. aouidifathia@yahoo.fr
Khelifi
Eltaeif
E
Asses
Nedra
N
Ayed
Lamia
L
Hamdi
Moktar
M
D018533:Biomass; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D019649:Food Industry; D005848:Geotrichum / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D031658:Olea; D014871:Water Microbiology; D000067816:Whey Proteins
D003470:Culture Media; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins