Osteogenic potential of human mesenchymal stem cells and human embryonic stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors: a tissue engineering perspective.
BACKGROUND
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) are promising candidates for bone engineering and regeneration with a considerable number of experimental successes reported over the last years. However, hMSCs show several limitations for tissue engineering applications, which can be overcome by using human embryonic stem cell-derived mesodermal progenitors (hES-MPs). The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the osteogenic differentiation potential of hMSCs and hES-MPs.


METHODS
The osteogenic differentiation and mineralization behavior of both cell types were evaluated at passage 5, 10, 15, and 20. Expression of COL1A1, RUNX2, OPN, and OC was evaluated by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction, whereas mineralization was examined by photospectrometry, von Kossa staining, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry. The immunoprofile of both cell types was investigated by flow cytometry.


RESULTS
We demonstrated that, under proper stimulation, hES-MPs undergo osteogenic differentiation and exhibit significantly increased mineralization ability compared to hMSCs after protracted expansion. hES-MPs were also found to express lower amount of human leukocyte antigens class II proteins.


CONCLUSIONS
The high osteogenic ability of hES-MPs, together with low expression of human leukocyte antigens class II, makes these cells an attractive alternative for bulk production of cells for bone engineering applications.
de Peppo
Giuseppe Maria
GM
Department of Biomaterials, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. giuseppe.de.peppo@biomaterials.gu.se
Sjovall
Peter
P
Lennerås
Maria
M
Strehl
Raimund
R
Hyllner
Johan
J
Thomsen
Peter
P
Karlsson
Camilla
C
D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002469:Cell Separation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014019:Tissue Donors; D023822:Tissue Engineering
D006680:HLA Antigens; D010710:Phosphates; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium