Expression of adrenomedullin in human oviduct, its regulation by the hormonal cycle and contact with spermatozoa, and its effect on ciliary beat frequency of the oviductal epithelium.
BACKGROUND
Adrenomedullin (ADM) has been found expressed in the mouse oviduct and might play a role in reproduction.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of the study was to demonstrate the expression of ADM in the human oviduct, investigate its regulation by steroidal hormones and spermatozoa contact, and study its effect on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in the human oviduct. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: Oviducts from women undergoing hysterectomy for benign diseases in a university hospital were collected. The oviducts were treated with estradiol and/or progesterone to simulate different phases of the ovarian cycle. ADM expression was studied at the peptide and mRNA levels by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively. CBF was measured after treatment with graded concentrations of ADM and its antagonists. Cells from OE-E6/E7, an immortalized oviductal cell line, as well as oviductal tissue were cocultured with and without direct contact with capacitated human spermatozoa to compare oviductal cell ADM expression levels. CBF was also analyzed in oviductal tissue after spermatozoa-oviduct coincubation.


RESULTS
ADM expression was the highest in the isthmic region and in a hormonal environment simulating the early luteal phase. CBF was increased by ADM in a dose-dependent manner, which was blocked by ADM and calcitonin-gene-related peptide receptor antagonists. Direct contact with spermatozoa in coculture resulted in higher ADM expression in OE-E6/E7 cell line and oviductal tissue and higher CBF in oviductal epithelium.


CONCLUSIONS
ADM expression in the human oviduct is hormone dependent and is up-regulated by sperm contact. ADM stimulates ciliary motility of the human oviduct.
Li
Hang Wu Raymond
HW
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Liao
Subin B
SB
Chiu
Philip Chi Ngong
PC
Tam
Winky W
WW
Ho
James C
JC
Ng
Ernest H Y
EH
Ho
Pak Chung
PC
Yeung
William S B
WS
Tang
Fai
F
O
Wai Sum
WS
D053607:Adrenomedullin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002923:Cilia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
C507862:ADM protein, human; C545578:CALCRL protein, human; D058286:Calcitonin Receptor-Like Protein; C545579:Calcrl protein, mouse; D006728:Hormones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D053607:Adrenomedullin