Analysis of familial incidence of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate in a Brazilian population.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study is to follow the familial incidence of non-syndromic or isolated cleft lip, with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P), and to analyze the relationships between the type of NSCL/P in the affected individual and his/her parent, looking at children in the first grade.


METHODS
To investigate the familial incidence of NSCL/P we analyzed the records of 185 patients from 2004-2008, retrospectively. Detailed histories were collected regarding the familial incidence of NSCL/P. For the 185 individuals, the relationship between the type of NSCL/P and the sociodemographic and personal characteristics of the affected person and her/his cleft relatives was obtained.


RESULTS
The individuals were 42 carriers of CL, 109 with CLP (joined in one group) and 34 with CP (p<0.001). Of the total of participants, 65 (35.13%) presented a positive history of cleft in their families and 120 (64.86%) presented a negative history (p<0.001). There were differences between the cleft groups according to types of cleft and positive familial history (p<0.001). In both groups, the relatives with higher incidence of NSCL/P were cousins, with the same pattern of distribution between the two groups (p=0.175).


CONCLUSIONS
Most frequently, fissures result from CL/CLP with no familial history. However, CL/CLP was found in familial cases and cousins were the relative type more likely to be affected.
Martelli
Daniella-Reis
DR
Stomatology Clinic, Dental School, State University of Montes Claros, Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Bonan
Paulo-Rogério-Ferreti
PR
Soares
Matheus-Carvalho
MC
Paranaíba
Lívia-Ribeiro
LR
Martelli-Júnior
Hercílio
H
D000293:Adolescent; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult