Effect of hydroxyapatite on bone integration in a rabbit tibial defect model.
BACKGROUND
The aim of the present study was to prepare hydroxyapatite (HA) and then characterize its effect on bone integration in a rabbit tibial defect model. The bone formation with different designs of HA was compared and the bony integration of several graft materials was investigated qualitatively by radiologic and histologic study.


METHODS
Ten rabbits were included in this study; two holes were drilled bilaterally across the near cortex and the four holes in each rabbit were divided into four treatment groups (HAP, hydroxyapatite powder; HAC, hydroxyapatite cylinder; HA/TCP, hydroxyapatite/tri-calcium phosphate cylinder, and titanium cylinder). The volume of bone ingrowth and the change of bone mineral density were statistically calculated by computed tomography five times for each treatment group at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after grafting. Histologic analysis was performed at 8 weeks after grafting.


RESULTS
The HAP group showed the most pronounced effect on the bone ingrowth surface area, which seen at 4, 6, and 8 weeks after graft (p < 0.05). On comparing the change of bone mineral density the bone ingrowth surface area among the 4 groups, there were no statistically significant differences among the groups found for any period (p > 0.05). On histological examination, the HAP group revealed well-recovered cortical bone, but the bone was irregularly thickened and haphazardly admixed with powder. The HAC group showed similar histological features to those of the HA/TCP group; the cortical surface of the newly developed bone was smooth and the bone matrix on the surface of the cylinder was regularly arranged.


CONCLUSIONS
We concluded that both the hydroxyapatite powder and cylinder models investigated in our study may be suitable as a bone substitute in the rabbit tibial defect model, but their characteristic properties are quite different. In contrast to hydroxyapatite powder, which showed better results for the bone ingrowth surface, the hydroxyapatite cylinder showed better results for the sustained morphology.
Lee
Myung-Jin
MJ
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Dong-A University College of Medicine, Busan, Korea. tynitus@dau.ac.kr
Sohn
Sung-Keun
SK
Kim
Kyung-Taek
KT
Kim
Chul-Hong
CH
Ahn
Hee-Bae
HB
Rho
Mee-Sook
MS
Jeong
Min-Ho
MH
Sun
Sang-Kyu
SK
D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017886:Durapatite; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017886:Durapatite