Effect of electromagnetic field on endocytosis of cationic solid lipid nanoparticles by human brain-microvascular endothelial cells.
This study investigates the electromagnetic field (EMF)-regulated transport of cationic solid lipid nanoparticles (CSLNs) across human brain-microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs). The positive charge of CSLNs was from dioctadecyldimethyl ammonium bromide and stearylamine, and radiofrequency EMF was applied to HBMECs for promoting uptake of CSLNs. Immunochemical staining revealed that the expression of clathrin on the membrane of HBMECs enhanced during vesicular endocytosis of CSLNs. However, CSLNs and EMF slightly affected the expression of P-glycoprotein on the membrane of HBMECs. An exposure to EMF yielded negligible increase in the permeability of free saquinavir (SQV) across the HBMEC monolayer. Nevertheless, the permeability of SQV across the HBMEC monolayer increased about 17-fold when SQV was entrapped in CSLNs. Moreover, the permeability of SQV across the HBMEC monolayer increased about 22-fold by applying the CSLN encapsulation and EMF exposure. CSLNs and EMF could produce synergistic effect on improving the brain-targeting delivery.
Kuo
Yung-Chih
YC
Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Chen
Hung-Hao
HH
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D002412:Cations; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002966:Clathrin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004705:Endocytosis; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D055806:Microvessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D019258:Saquinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000588:Amines; D002412:Cations; D002966:Clathrin; D008055:Lipids; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C015831:dimethyldioctadecylammonium; C009317:stearylamine; D019258:Saquinavir