Renal effects of microwave ablation compared with radiofrequency, cryotherapy and surgical resection at different volumes of the liver treated.
BACKGROUND
Renal changes after microwave tissue ablation (MTA) were compared with those following hepatic resection, cryotherapy (CRYO), and radiofrequency ablation (RFA). Structural damage producing renal impairment has been assessed directly by examining tissue specimens and by serum analysis for two sensitive biomarkers, retinol binding protein (RBP) and the heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) for each modality at different ablation volumes.


METHODS
Live rats underwent MTA, surgical resection, CRYO or RFA of 15, 33 or 66% of total hepatic volume. Urine and tissue samples were collected at the time of death. Percentage of tubules with casts and glomerular damage, tissue expression of HSP-70 and urine RBP were evaluated and compared. Behaviour of the animals was also assessed by means of five different parameters and combined to produce a response score.


RESULTS
All RFA and CRYO rats undergoing 66% died and these animals had >60% of damaged tubuli and 8% of altered glomeruli. No animals treated by MTA or surgical resection died. Cut-off values (those predicting fatal treatments) could be identified for levels of HSP-70 and RBP.


CONCLUSIONS
Large volume MTA is associated with a significant reduced renal damage and is well tolerated compared with RFA and CRYO.
Ahmad
Fateh
F
Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Leicester, UK.
Gravante
Gianpiero
G
Bhardwaj
Neil
N
Strickland
Andrew
A
Basit
Rizwan
R
West
Kevin
K
Sorge
Roberto
R
Dennison
Ashley R
AR
Lloyd
David M
DM
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000528:radiation effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006498:Hepatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D054839:Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma