A new hypnotic technique for treating combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: a prospective open study.
Many combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) have an olfactory component to their traumatic memories that might be utilized by a technique called hypnotherapeutic olfactory conditioning (HOC). Thirty-six outpatients with chronic PTSD, featuring resistant olfactory-induced flashbacks, were treated with six 1.5-hour sessions using hypnosis. The authors used the revised Impact of Events Scale (IES-R), Beck Depression Inventory, and Dissociative Experiences Scale as outcome measures. Significant reductions in symptomatology were recorded by the end of the 6-week treatment period for the IES-R, as well as for the Beck Depression Inventory and the Dissociative Experiences Scale; 21 (58%) of the subjects responded to treatment by a reduction of 50% or more on the IES-R. Improvement was maintained at 6-month and 1-year follow-ups. Use of medication was curtailed. HOC shows potential for providing benefit to individuals suffering from PTSD with olfactory components.
Abramowitz
Eitan G
EG
Mental Health Division, Israel Defense Forces, Israel. eitanmd@zahav.net.il
Lichtenberg
Pesach
P
D000328:Adult; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult