Reversible inhibitory effects of saturated and unsaturated alkyl esters on the carboxylesterases activity in rat intestine.
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between the carbon chain length/double bonds of alkyl esters and their inhibitory potency/mechanism on carboxylesterases (CESs). CESs activity was evaluated by inhibition of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) metabolism in rat intestinal homogenates. Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of BNPP and ethyl (E)-hex-2-enoate (C8:1) on drug absorption was evaluated in situ intestinal perfusion model. The results showed that the rank order of the inhibitory potency on CESs was C10:0 > C8:0 > C6:0 > C4:0 > C12:0, C8:1 > C8:0, C6:1 > C6:0, while the esters (C14:0, C13:1, C16:0, C18:0, C17:1, C20:0) were found to have no inhibitory effect at investigated concentrations. However, the unsaturated esters (C20:1, C20:2, C20:3) displayed the inhibitory effect on CESs. Moreover, the double reciprocal plots indicated that alky esters inhibited the CESs in competitive and mixed competitive ways which were reversible. In addition, the result of most effective CESs inhibitor C8:1 from in situ experiment showed that C8:1 can inhibit the CESs-mediated intestinal metabolism and improve the drug absorption. And the inhibition had no time-dependent effect, compared with that of BNPP groups. The study suggested that alkyl esters can be served as effective and reversible CESs inhibitors, besides that their inhibitory potency/mechanism can be affected by their carbon chain length/double bonds.
Li
Ping
P
Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
Zhu
Chun-Liu
CL
Zhang
Xin-Xin
XX
Gan
Li
L
Yu
Hong-Zhen
HZ
Gan
Yong
Y
D000818:Animals; D002208:Caproates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000201:enzymology*; D051381:Rats
D002208:Caproates; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C079237:ethyl hexanoate