GLP-1 treatment reduces endogenous insulin resistance via activation of central GLP-1 receptors in mice fed a high-fat diet.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) improves insulin sensitivity in humans and rodents. It is currently unknown to what extent the (metabolic) effects of GLP-1 treatment are mediated by central GLP-1 receptors. We studied the impact of central GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) antagonism on the metabolic effects of peripheral GLP-1 administration in mice. High-fat-fed insulin-resistant C57Bl/6 mice were treated with continuous subcutaneous infusion of GLP-1 or saline (PBS) for 2 wk, whereas the GLP-1R antagonist exendin-9 (EX-9) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were simultaneously infused in the left lateral cerebral ventricle (icv). Glucose and glycerol turnover were determined during a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. VLDL-triglyceride (VLDL-TG) production was determined in hyperinsulinemic conditions. Our data show that the rate of glucose infusion necessary to maintain euglycemia was significantly increased by GLP-1. Simultaneous icv infusion of EX-9 diminished this effect by 62%. The capacities of insulin to stimulate glucose disposal and inhibit glucose production were reinforced by GLP-1. Simultaneous icv infusion of EX-9 significantly diminished the latter effect. Central GLP-1R antagonism alone did not affect glucose metabolism. Also, GLP-1 treatment reinforced the inhibitory action of insulin on VLDL-TG production. In conclusion, peripheral administration of GLP-1 reinforces the ability of insulin to suppress endogenous glucose and VLDL-TG production (but not lipolysis) and boosts its capacity to stimulate glucose disposal in high-fat-fed C57Bl/6 mice. Activation of central GLP-1Rs contributes substantially to the inhibition of endogenous glucose production by GLP-1 treatment in this animal model.
Parlevliet
Edwin T
ET
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
de Leeuw van Weenen
Judith E
JE
Romijn
Johannes A
JA
Pijl
Hanno
H
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002551:Cerebral Ventricle Neoplasms; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; C000593833:GLP1R protein, human; C000593834:Glp1r protein, mouse; D000067757:Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; D007328:Insulin; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D014280:Triglycerides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005947:Glucose