Vitamin D in kidney disease: pathophysiology and the utility of treatment.
Vitamin D physiology has gained more importance and publicity than any of its counterparts in the water- and fat-soluble vitamin groups combined. This is partly because vitamin D deficiency is still widely prevalent in the developed world and the beneficial effects are thought to extend beyond the regulation of calcium and phosphorus homeostasis alone. Vitamin D deficiency becomes even more important in the various stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD); CKD itself is also on the increase. How vitamin D physiology is altered in CKD and how the various treatment modalities can alter the morbidity and mortality associated with CKD is the topic of discussion for this article.
Qazi
Rizwan A
RA
Division of Nephrology, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA. qazir@SLU.EDU
Martin
Kevin J
KJ
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
D014807:Vitamin D; D010758:Phosphorus; D002118:Calcium