The role of YAP transcription coactivator in regulating stem cell self-renewal and differentiation.
Yes-associated protein (YAP) is a potent transcription coactivator acting via binding to the TEAD transcription factor, and plays a critical role in organ size regulation. YAP is phosphorylated and inhibited by the Lats kinase, a key component of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway. Elevated YAP protein levels and gene amplification have been implicated in human cancer. In this study, we report that YAP is inactivated during embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation, as indicated by decreased protein levels and increased phosphorylation. Consistently, YAP is elevated during induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell reprogramming. YAP knockdown leads to a loss of ES cell pluripotency, while ectopic expression of YAP prevents ES cell differentiation in vitro and maintains stem cell phenotypes even under differentiation conditions. Moreover, YAP binds directly to promoters of a large number of genes known to be important for stem cells and stimulates their expression. Our observations establish a critical role of YAP in maintaining stem cell pluripotency.
Moores Cancer Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Ian
I
Lian
Joungmok
J
Kim
Hideki
H
Okazawa
Jiagang
J
Zhao
Bin
B
Zhao
Jindan
J
Yu
Arul
A
Chinnaiyan
Mason A
MA
Israel
Lawrence S B
LS
Goldstein
Ramzey
R
Abujarour
Sheng
S
Ding
Kun-Liang
KL
Guan
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D065150:Cellular Reprogramming / Q000502:physiology; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins; C486223:Yap1 protein, mouse