Compound heterozygous mutations in 2 siblings with Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 1 (HPS1).
BACKGROUND
Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder causing oculocutaneous albinism, bleeding disorder and ceroid lipofuscinosis. Platelets from HPS patients are characterized by the absence of dense (delta)-bodies. There are eight known human HPS GENES (HPS1-HPS8), each leading to a particular clinical HPS subtype. Restrictive lung disease, granulomatous colitis and cardiomyopathy have been described in HPS1 patients.


METHODS
We identified HPS1 in Russian and in German siblings. All four patients show a typical HPS phenotype. The two older Russian patients demonstrate excessive bleeding after tooth extractions, recurrent epistaxis and hematomas. The two younger German patients suffer only from hematomas, so far.


RESULTS
Patients' platelets showed severe pathological agglutination/aggregation. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated absence of platelet delta-granule secretion. Three different mutations in the HPS1 gene were found in the two families. Two mutations, p.H119delC and p.Q397delC identified in the Russian siblings had been previously described. The German siblings presented with a novel frameshift mutation (p.Q32_S33delCAGT) and the known p.Q397delC mutation.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with oculocutaneous albinism should be investigated for increased clinical bleeding symptoms. In case of increased bleeding symptoms, analyses of primary hemostasis should be initiated to confirm HPS. Molecular genetic investigations should be performed to distinguish the different subtypes of HPS which is important for therapy and prognosis.
Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Freiburg, Germany.
K
K
Sandrock
I
I
Bartsch
N
N
Rombach
K
K
Schmidt
L
L
Nakamura
I
I
Hainmann
A
A
Busse
B
B
Zieger
D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000483:Alleles; D001760:Bleeding Time; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D018389:Codon, Nonsense / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D016368:Frameshift Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D005838:Genotype; D022861:Hermanski-Pudlak Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D055815:Young Adult
D018389:Codon, Nonsense