A gene-wide investigation on polymorphisms in the taste receptor 2R14 (TAS2R14) and susceptibility to colorectal cancer.
BACKGROUND
Molecular sensing in the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract is responsible for the detection of ingested harmful drugs and toxins, thereby genetic polymorphisms affecting the capability of initiating these responses may be critical for the subsequent efficiency of the gut in eliminating possible threats to the organism. Although these fundamental control systems have been known for long time, the initial molecular recognition events that sense the chemical composition of the luminal contents of the GI tract have remained elusive. TAS2R14 is one of the better characterized members of the taste receptor family and has several polymorphic variants. Several substances that have been shown to activate TAS2R14 are powerful toxic and carcinogenic agents.


METHODS
Using a tagging approach we investigated all the common genetic variation of the gene region in relation to colon cancer risk with a case-control study design. This is, at the best of our knowledge also the first report on the allele frequencies of the gene in the Caucasian population.


RESULTS
We found no evidence of statistically significant associations between polymorphisms in the TAS2R14 gene and colon cancer risk.


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion we can confidently exclude a major role for common polymorphisms of the TAS2R14 gene in colorectal cancer risk in this population, although in this report we had insufficient statistical power to completely exclude the possibility that rare variants of the TAS2R14 might be involved in colorectal cancer risk.
Campa
Daniele
D
German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. d.campa@dkfz.de
Vodicka
Pavel
P
Pardini
Barbara
B
Naccarati
Alessio
A
Carrai
Maura
M
Vodickova
Ludmila
L
Novotny
Jan
J
Hemminki
Kari
K
Försti
Asta
A
Barale
Roberto
R
Canzian
Federico
F
D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013650:Taste Buds; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D000098706:Taste Receptors, Type 2
D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000098706:Taste Receptors, Type 2