Orthologous comparisons of the Hd1 region across genera reveal Hd1 gene lability within diploid Oryza species and disruptions to microsynteny in Sorghum.
Heading date is one of the most important quantitative traits responsible for the domestication of rice. We compared a 155-kb reference segment of the Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare genome surrounding Hd1, a major heading date gene in rice, with orthologous regions from nine diploid Oryza species that diverged over a relatively short time frame (∼16 My) to study sequence evolution around a domestication locus. The orthologous Hd1 region from Sorghum bicolor was included to compare and contrast the evolution in a more distant relative of rice. Consistent with other observations at the adh1/adh2, monoculm1, and sh2/a1 loci in grass species, we found high gene colinearity in the Hd1 region amidst size differences that were lineage specific and long terminal repeat retrotransposon driven. Unexpectedly, the Hd1 gene was deleted in O. glaberrima, whereas the O. rufipogon and O. punctata copies had degenerative mutations, suggesting that other heading date loci might compensate for the loss or nonfunctionality of Hd1 in these species. Compared with the japonica Hd1 region, the orthologous region in sorghum exhibited micro-rearrangements including gene translocations, seven additional genes, and a gene triplication and truncation event predating the divergence from Oryza.
Department of Agronomy, Purdue University.
Abhijit
A
Sanyal
Jetty S S
JS
Ammiraju
Fei
F
Lu
Yeisoo
Y
Yu
Teri
T
Rambo
Jennifer
J
Currie
Kristi
K
Kollura
Hye-Ran
HR
Kim
Jinfeng
J
Chen
Jianxin
J
Ma
Phillip
P
San Miguel
Chen
C
Mingsheng
Rod A
RA
Wing
Scott A
SA
Jackson
D001483:Base Sequence; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D027042:Chromosomes, Artificial, P1 Bacteriophage / Q000235:genetics; D016384:Consensus Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D017124:Conserved Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements / Q000235:genetics; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D004171:Diploidy; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D045868:Sorghum / Q000235:genetics*; D013045:Species Specificity; D026801:Synteny / Q000235:genetics*; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors
D004251:DNA Transposable Elements