Fucoxanthin regulates adipocytokine mRNA expression in white adipose tissue of diabetic/obese KK-Ay mice.
Fucoxanthin, a marine carotenoid found in edible brown seaweeds, attenuates white adipose tissue (WAT) weight gain and hyperglycemia in diabetic/obese KK-A(y) mice, although it does not affect these parameters in lean C57BL/6J mice. In perigonadal and mesenteric WATs of KK-A(y) mice fed fucoxanthin, mRNA expression levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which are considered to induce insulin resistance, were markedly reduced compared to control mice. In contrast to KK-A(y) mice, fucoxanthin did not alter MCP-1 and TNF-α mRNA expression levels in the WAT of lean C57BL/6J mice. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 mRNA expression levels in WAT were also decreased by fucoxanthin in KK-A(y) mice. In differentiating 3T3-F442A adipocytes, fucoxanthinol, which is a fucoxanthin metabolite found in WAT, attenuated TNF-α-induced MCP-1 and IL-6 mRNA overexpression and protein secretion into the culture medium. In addition, fucoxanthinol decreased TNF-α, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression in RAW264.7 macrophage-like cells stimulated by palmitic acid. These findings indicate that fucoxanthin regulates mRNA expression of inflammatory adipocytokines involved in insulin resistance, iNOS, and COX-2 in WAT and has specific effects on diabetic/obese KK-A(y) mice, but not on lean C57BL/6J mice.
Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan. hoso@fish.hokudai.ac.jp
Masashi
M
Hosokawa
Tatsuya
T
Miyashita
Sho
S
Nishikawa
Shingo
S
Emi
Takayuki
T
Tsukui
Fumiaki
F
Beppu
Tomoko
T
Okada
Kazuo
K
Miyashita
D054392:Adipokines / Q000235:genetics*; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology*
D054392:Adipokines; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D024341:Xanthophylls; C025164:fucoxanthin