Effects of high-fat high-sucrose feeding, energy restriction, and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid on visfatin and apelin in hamsters.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the effects of high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) feeding, energy restriction, and trans-10,cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on visfatin and apelin.


METHODS
A randomized dietary intervention study.


METHODS
Free-living individuals studied in metabolic cages.


METHODS
Thirty-two male Syrian Golden hamsters (82.6 +/- 1.4 g).


METHODS
Standard and HFHS feeding for 7 weeks. After that, some hamsters fed the HFHS diet were submitted for 3 weeks to a 25% energy restriction with or without trans-10,cis-12 CLA supplementation (0.5%).


RESULTS
Feeding animals an HFHS diet resulted in increased body fat and reduced insulin sensitivity. No changes were observed in the expression and serum levels of visfatin and apelin, or in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)gamma and Sirt1 expression. Energy restriction reduced body fat and normalized insulin sensitivity. Visfatin showed increased serum levels without changes in expression. No modifications were found as far as apelin was concerned. Sirt1 expression was increased, and PPARgamma remained unchanged. With regard to trans-10,cis-12 CLA, no changes were induced by its addition to the restricted diet.


CONCLUSIONS
Insulin function impairment induced by HFHS feeding is not mediated by visfatin and apelin. However, visfatin can play a role in improving insulin sensitivity associated with energy restriction. These results suggest that visfatin may not have evolved as a molecule that reserves the action of insulin when food is widely available, but rather that its function seems to be associated with energy restriction adaptation. In general terms, trans-10,cis-12 CLA did not modify changes induced by energy restriction.
Lasa
Arrate
A
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of País Vasco, 01006 Vitoria, SPAIN.
Churruca
Itziar
I
Simón
Edurne
E
Macarulla
María Teresa
MT
Fernández-Quintela
Alfredo
A
Rodríguez
Víctor M
VM
Portillo
María Puy
MP
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D047495:PPAR gamma; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase