Mitochondrial dynamics in diabetes.
Mitochondria are at the center of cellular energy metabolism and regulate cell life and death. The cell biological aspect of mitochondria, especially mitochondrial dynamics, has drawn much attention through implications in human pathology, including neurological disorders and metabolic diseases. Mitochondrial fission and fusion are the main processes governing the morphological plasticity and are controlled by multiple factors, including mechanochemical enzymes and accessory proteins. Emerging evidence suggests that mitochondrial dynamics plays an important role in metabolism-secretion coupling in pancreatic β-cells as well as complications of diabetes. This review describes an overview of mechanistic and functional aspects of mitochondrial fission and fusion, and comments on the recent advances connecting mitochondrial dynamics with diabetes and diabetic complications.
Yoon
Yisang
Y
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. yisang_yoon@urmc.rochester.edu
Galloway
Chad A
CA
Jhun
Bong Sook
BS
Yu
Tianzheng
T
D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008561:Membrane Fusion / Q000502:physiology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species