Dependence of resolvin-induced increases in corneal epithelial cell migration on EGF receptor transactivation.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether resolvin E1 (RvE1), an endogenous oxygenation product of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), induces increases in migration in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) and to identify signal pathways mediating this response.


METHODS
Migration was measured with the scratch wound assay. Western blot analysis identified changes in the phosphorylation status of prospective intracellular signal transduction mediators. Immunocytochemistry probed for intracellular paxillin localization and actin reorganization.


RESULTS
RvE1 enhanced HCEC migratory rates to levels comparable to those induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF). These increases were accompanied by increases in the phosphorylation status of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Akt, p38 MAPK, GSK-3α/β, and paxillin, which essentially persisted for up to 60 minutes. The EGFR inhibitor AG1478 blocked the subsequent effects of RvE1 to induce increases in phosphorylation status and cell migration. The PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 or wortmannin or the p38 inhibitor BIRB796 blocked resolvin-induced increases in cell migration. Either the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitor GM6001 or the specific heparin-bound EGF-like growth factor inhibitor CRM197 suppressed RvE1-induced stimulation of EGFR/PI3-K/Akt phosphorylation and cell migration.


CONCLUSIONS
RvE1 enhances HCEC migration through MMP and sheddase-mediated EGFR transactivation. This response is dependent on PI3-K and p38-linked signaling eliciting paxillin (Tyr118) phosphorylation.
Zhang
Fan
F
Department of Biological Sciences, State University of New York, College of Optometry, New York, New York 10036, USA. fzhang@sunyopt.edu
Yang
Hua
H
Pan
Zan
Z
Wang
Zheng
Z
Wolosin
J Mario
JM
Gjorstrup
Per
P
Reinach
Peter S
PS
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006801:Humans; D051419:Paxillin / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D000199:Actins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D051419:Paxillin; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; C448021:glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha; C499823:5S,12R,18R-trihydroxy-6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E-eicosapentaenoic acid