Multiple P450 genes overexpressed in deltamethrin-resistant strains of Helicoverpa armigera.
BACKGROUND
Resistance to the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin has been a growing problem in the management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) pest populations in West Africa. Detoxification by P450 enzymes appears to be a major mechanism of resistance, but the genes responsible for resistance are unknown.


RESULTS
First, it was shown that deltamethrin resistance in strains from Burkina Faso (Kaya) and from Spain (Seville) were suppressible by piperonyl butoxide and by trichlorophenyl propynyl ether, thus indicating a major role of P450 enzyme(s) in resistance. The larval expression of 21 CYP genes encoding P450 enzymes from six CYP families were then compared by quantitative RT-PCR. Five genes, CYP4L5, CYP4L11, CYP6AE11, CYP332A1 and CYP9A14, were significantly overexpressed in the Kaya and Seville strains when compared with Heliar, a susceptible strain. Significant overexpression of multiple CYP genes (CYP4M6, CYP4M7, CYP6AE11, CYP9A12, CYP332A1 and CYP337B1) was also found in six field strains with different levels of resistance from Benin, Burkina Faso and Mali.


CONCLUSIONS
Although functional or genetic evidence for the role of these P450s in resistance remains to be formally established, results suggest that multiple P450 enzymes contribute to deltamethrin resistance. This study is a first step towards the development of molecular tools for the detection of P450-based resistance in H. armigera.
Brun-Barale
Alexandra
A
UMR 1301 INRA-CNRS-Université de Nice Sophia Antipolis, Sophia Antipolis, France. alexandra.brun@sophia.inra.fr
Héma
Omer
O
Martin
Thibaud
T
Suraporn
Siripuk
S
Audant
Pascaline
P
Sezutsu
Hideki
H
Feyereisen
René
R
D000818:Animals; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D009570:Nitriles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013045:Species Specificity
D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System