Contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the staging of acute pancreatitis.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the assessment of acute pancreatitis, with computed tomography (CT) as the reference standard.


METHODS
Fifty consecutive patients (mean age 58.4 years; range 23-86 years) with acute pancreatitis underwent prospectively both CT and ultrasonography, including CEUS, within a 24-h interval. Pancreatic vascularisation was evaluated with CEUS after injection of a second-generation US contrast-enhancing agent. Acute pancreatitis severity was graded according to the Balthazar index. The results were compared with CT severity index and clinical outcome by using Spearman's correlation coefficient.


RESULTS
A significant correlation between CT and CEUS was found for the CT severity index (r = 0.926), extent of necrosis (r = 0.893) and Balthazar grade (r = 0.884). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for detecting severe acute pancreatitis based on CT findings (severity index greater than 3 and/or presence of necrosis) were respectively 91%, 100%, 100% and 83%. A significant correlation between CEUS severity index and clinical variables was found: Ranson score (r = 0.442), C-reactive protein (CRP) levels 48 h after admission (r = 0.385) and length of hospital stay (r = 0.362).


CONCLUSIONS
CEUS is comparable to CT in detecting pancreatic necrosis as well as predicting its clinical course. Therefore, when CT is contraindicated CEUS may be a valid alternative.
Ripollés
Tomás
T
Department of Radiology, Hospital Dr. Peset Universitario, 90 Gaspar Aguilar Avenue, 46017, Valencia, Spain. ripolles_tom@gva.es
Martínez
María J
MJ
López
Estela
E
Castelló
Inmaculada
I
Delgado
Fructuoso
F
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D010179:Pancreas / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
D003287:Contrast Media