Protective effects of penehyclidine hydrochloride on liver injury in a rat cardiopulmonary bypass model.
OBJECTIVE
Hepatic injury after cardiac surgery is considered to be a consequence of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) could attenuate hepatic injury using a rat CPB model.


METHODS
Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into six groups (eight per group), including sham-operated control, sham low-dose PHC control (0.6 mg kg), sham high-dose PHC control (2.0 mg kg), vehicle control, low-dose PHC (0.6 mg kg) and high-dose PHC (2.0 mg kg)-treated groups. Blood samples were collected from the femoral artery at the cessation of CPB and the serum levels of the liver enzymes, including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), were determined. The ultrastructure of liver tissue was also examined under an electron microscope.


RESULTS
In the sham-operated groups, high-dose PHC and low-dose PHC had no significant impact on the levels of respiratory rate, heart rate, blood pressure, ECG, ALT or AST. Compared with the sham group, the serum levels of ALT and AST were increased significantly in the surgical groups. PHC alleviated all the biochemical and histopathological changes in a dose-dependent manner. The ALT and AST levels in the high-dose PHC-treated groups were significantly lower than those in the vehicle control group.


CONCLUSIONS
Treatment with penehyclidine hydrochloride could improve liver function during CPB.
Cai
Da-Sheng
DS
Department of Anesthesiology, The First University Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Jin
Bei-Bei
BB
Pei
Ling
L
Jin
Zhen
Z
D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000473:pathology; D006339:Heart Rate; D007249:Inflammation; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology / Q000293:injuries*; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014463:Ultrasonography
D011812:Quinuclidines; C486140:penehyclidine; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase