Valacyclovir: approved and off-label uses for the treatment of herpes virus infections in immunocompetent and immunocompromised adults.
BACKGROUND
Herpes viruses are associated with a wide spectrum of clinical diseases and impose considerable morbidity and even mortality in immunosuppressed hosts. Although there is no cure for these conditions, available treatments alleviate symptoms, suppress recurrences and reduce the risk of transmission. Valacyclovir was discovered in 1988 and revolutionized the treatment of these infections by virtue of its less frequent dosing regimen, which promotes patient adherence.


METHODS
This review focuses on the basic principles, mechanisms of action, safety and approved and off-label usage of valacyclovir in the immunocompetent and immunocompromised host.


RESULTS
The reader will have available the current and most up-to-date information on the pharmacology of valacyclovir as well as its clinical use.


CONCLUSIONS
Valacyclovir is a great alternative for the treatment of herpes infections. Now that its patent has expired, new cheaper formulations may start to appear.
The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston Medical School, 6431 Fannin MSB 6.119, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Karen J
KJ
Vigil
Roy F
RF
Chemaly
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017277:Drug Approval / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration; D000077483:Valacyclovir; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D014633:Valine; D000077483:Valacyclovir; D000212:Acyclovir