Why men age faster but reproduce longer than women: mTOR and evolutionary perspectives.
Women live longer than men. Yet, it is believed that men do not age faster than women but simply are weaker at every age. In contrast, I discuss that men age faster. From evolutionary perspective, high accidental death rate in young males is compatible with fast aging. Mechanistically, hyper-activated mTOR (Target of Rapamycin) may render young males robust at the cost of accelerated aging. But if women age slower, why then is it women who have menopause? Some believe that menopause is programmed and purposeful (grandmother theory). In contrast, I discuss how menopause is not programmed but rather is an aimless continuation of the same program that initially starts reproduction at puberty. This quasi-program causes over-activation of female reproductive system, which is very vulnerable to over-activation. Mechanisms of aging and menopause are discussed.
Department of Cell Stress Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. blagosklonny@oncotarget.com
Mikhail V
MV
Blagosklonny
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C546842:MTOR protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases