Sub/supercritical liquefaction of oil palm fruit press fiber for the production of bio-oil: effect of solvents.
Thermal decomposition of oil palm fruit press fiber (FPF) with sub/supercritical methanol, ethanol, acetone, and 1,4-dioxane treatments were investigated using a high-pressure autoclave reactor. When FPF was decomposed with methanol, ethanol, and acetone from 483 to 603 K, the highest degree of conversion obtained were 81.5%, 77.8%, and 67.9% while the highest liquid product yield (LP) obtained were 38.0%, 36.9%, and 38.5%, respectively. For the case of 1,4-dioxane, the conversion of FPF increased from 18.30% to 80.00%, while LP yield increased dramatically from 13.30% to 50.90% (consisting of 42.3% bio-oil compounds) when the reaction temperature was increased from 483 to 563 K. However, the conversion of FPF and LP yield decreased to 69.60% and 24.10%, respectively, when the temperature was further increased to 603 K. Comparison between all the solvents, subcritical 1,4-dioxane treatment was found very effective in the degradation of FPF to produce bio-oil component.
School of Chemical Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Hossein
H
Mazaheri
Keat Teong
KT
Lee
Subhash
S
Bhatia
Abdul Rahman
AR
Mohamed
D056804:Biofuels; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D004146:Dioxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013696:Temperature; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
D056804:Biofuels; D004146:Dioxanes; D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; D014866:Waste Products; D000073878:Palm Oil; C025223:1,4-dioxane