Once daily everolimus is safe and effective in de novo renal transplant recipients: six-month results of a pilot study.
BACKGROUND
The half-life of everolimus is approximately 28 hours, but everolimus is normally administered twice a day. The aim of this prospective, single-center, exploratory study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a once a day (OD) everolimus regimen versus the standard twice a day regimen (BID) for immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplantation.


METHODS
Forty de novo renal transplant recipients prospectively assigned to OD (n = 21) or BID (n = 19) were followed for 6 months. In the OD group, everolimus was given orally once a day to target a trough blood level of 2-6 ng/mL. In the BID, group everolimus was given twice a day to target a trough blood level of 3-12 ng/mL. All patients also received induction treatment with basiliximab and low-dose calcineurin inhibitors.


RESULTS
At 6 months follow-up, patient and graft survivals were 100%; renal function and acute rejection rates were similar between the 2 regimens. Patients in the OD group showed significantly lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared with those in the BID group, namely, total cholesterol level, OD 212 +/- 54 versus BID 249 +/- 59 mg/dL (P < .05), and serum triglycerides, OD 162 +/- 72 versus BID 245 +/- 133 mg/dL (P < .02).


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that OD administration of everolimus provided excellent patient and graft survivals and good renal function without an increased incidence of acute rejection episodes. The lipid profile was significantly better among patients receiving everolimus OD. These findings suggested that everolimus can be safely administered once a day.
Favi
E
E
Department of Surgical Science, Renal Transplantation Unit, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.
Spagnoletti
G
G
Gargiulo
A
A
Salerno
M P
MP
Romagnoli
J
J
Citterio
F
F
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077552:Basiliximab; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000068338:Everolimus; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012449:Safety; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D000077552:Basiliximab; D000068338:Everolimus; D020123:Sirolimus