Flow rate models in renal obstruction.
BACKGROUND
In acute unilateral renal obstruction, calculated divided renal uptake following injection of tracer may be normal. Divided renal function as measured by uptake may be insensitive to fall in renal plasma flow (RPF) to the obstructed kidney. This study analyses afferent flow rate parameters of optimised models of renogram time activity curves (TAC). Afferent flow rate parameters may have differing sensitivity to altered RPF from divided renal tracer uptake and may be more sensitive to changes in cortical function in renal obstruction.


METHODS
Twenty-four background-corrected renogram TACs using 99mTc-labelled mercapto-acetyl-triglycine (MAG3) with a unilateral obstructive pattern and six normal control renograms TACs were studied. Optimised computed models of each curve were constructed using specialised software (ModelMaker, Cherwell Scientific) and using the Marquardt Least Squares method. Following optimisation to the TAC of each target renogram, the afferent flow rate parameters were calculated.


RESULTS
Following optimisation of models, afferent flow rate parameters, expressed as arbitrary units, (mean 0.15, SD 0.06) in acutely obstructed kidneys, were typically reduced in comparison with those of normal kidneys (mean 0.44, SD 0.04). (Paired t test; P<0.005). By contrast, this reduction in afferent flow rate parameter was greater than the reduction in differential tracer uptake for the obstructed kidney (divided renal function of the obstructed group; mean 0.3, SD 0.14 compared with the control group; mean 0.45, SD 0.05 (P<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Optimised modelling of TACs of obstructed renograms is feasible and may provide a more sensitive index of parenchymal dysfunction in early obstruction than comparing divided renal tracer uptake.
Nuclear Medicine Department, Royal Preston Hospital, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Preston, PR2 9HT, UK. John.coffey@lthtr.nhs.uk
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JP
Coffey
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D011866:Radioisotope Renography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D055815:Young Adult