CD4 (+)CD25 (+)Foxp3 (+) regulatory T cells and hematologic malignancies.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are an immunosuppressive T cell subset that functions to prevent autoimmunity and to regulate physiologic immune reactions. Tregs are also present in the tumor microenvironment and appear to play an important role in the pathophysiology of malignant processes. Available data suggests that this role is context-dependent, as a higher density of tumor infiltrating Tregs at diagnosis may be associated with either a positive or a negative clinical outcome. Negative prognostic associations are found primarily in solid tumors such as ovarian carcinoma, while positive associations have been reported in various lymphomas, most prominently in those of germinal center (GC) B cell derivation. Most of these observations are correlative, however, as mechanistic studies have lagged behind descriptive observations because of a lack of informative animal models. Nonetheless, the available data are intriguing and provide compelling support for the hypothesis that Tregs are pathobiologically relevant. This review focuses on studies of the role of CD4 (+)CD25 (+)FOXP3 (+) Tregs in hematopoietic malignancies and clonal myeloid neoplasms.
Kelley
Todd W
TW
Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. todd.kelley@path.utah.edu
Parker
Charles J
CJ
D000208:Acute Disease; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000276:immunology; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000276:immunology; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000276:immunology; D016410:Lymphoma, T-Cell, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000276:immunology; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000276:immunology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors