Inflammation markers in patients with coronary artery disease--comparison of intracoronary and systemic levels.
OBJECTIVE
Raised levels of inflammation markers are associated with worse prognosis in patients with coronary artery disease. It is generally believed, although it has never been proven, that inflammation markers are released from (un)stable plaques in coronary arteries. We investigated this issue by directly comparing levels of inflammation markers in coronary and systemic blood.


METHODS
Patients with acute coronary syndrome (N = 11), stable angina pectoris (N = 10) and controls with noncoronary origin of chest pain (N = 9) were included in the study. Intracoronary blood samples were taken at the culprit lesion in the coronary artery in patients with acute coronary syndrome and from any coronary artery in the other two groups, together with systemic blood samples from the femoral vein and artery. Levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP), interleukin 6, interleukin 8, interleukin 10, soluble receptor for interleukin 2 (tR IL-2) and myeloperoxidase were measured in all samples.


RESULTS
We found significantly elevated levels of hsCRP and interleukin 10 in patients with acute coronary syndrome compared with patients with stable angina and the control patients. Notably, we did not find any difference between intracoronary and systemic levels of any inflammatory marker in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Furthermore, no difference between intracoronary and systemic levels of markers was present in patients with stable angina or in the control group.


CONCLUSIONS
We observed that excess circulating inflammation markers, being characteristic of unstable coronary artery disease, are released from noncoronary sources. Thus, it may be speculated that systemic inflammation precedes local inflammation at the plaques, thereby transforming coronary disease from a stable to an unstable form.
Kirbis
Simona
S
Department of Intensive Care Unit, University Clinical Center Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia. simona.kirbis@gmail.com
Breskvar
Urska D
UD
Sabovic
Miso
M
Zupan
Igor
I
Sinkovic
Andreja
A
D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D000368:Aged; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D011379:Prognosis; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values
D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D009195:Peroxidase