Monitoring of resistance to spirodiclofen and five other acaricides in Panonychus citri collected from Chinese citrus orchards.
BACKGROUND
Citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor), is one of the most important pesticide-resistant pests in China. In order better to understand its resistance status, six populations of the mite were collected from Chinese citrus orchards for monitoring of resistance to spirodiclofen and another five acaricides.


RESULTS
All the samples collected in the field in 2006 were susceptible to spirodiclofen. However, the LC(50) values in populations sampled in 2009 ranged from 3.29 to 418.24 mg L(-1) spirodiclofen, a 127-fold difference between the least and most sensitive populations. Compared with a susceptible strain, 50-fold and 90.8-fold resistance to spirodiclofen was detected in populations sampled from Pinghe and Fuzhou in 2009, as well as cross-resistance to spirotetramat. The LC(50) values for abamectin, fenpropathrin, hexythiazox and pyridaben in the collected samples ranged from 0.041 to 3.52 mg L(-1), from 23.91 to 696.16 mg L(-1), from 13.94 to 334.19 mg L(-1) and from 48.90 to 609.91 mg L(-1) respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Great variations in resistance to the tested acaricides were observed among the sampled populations. The Pinghe population developed resistance to all the acaricides tested. The Jianning population was susceptible to most acaricides tested, except pyridaben. Resistance management strategies were conducted on the basis of these observations.
Hu
Jinfeng
J
Institute of Plant Protection, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China. hujinfeng007@yahoo.com
Wang
Changfang
C
Wang
Jun
J
You
Yong
Y
Chen
Feng
F
D015107:4-Butyrolactone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D000053:Acari / Q000187:drug effects*; D056810:Acaricides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D002957:Citrus; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D013141:Spiro Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*
D056810:Acaricides; D013141:Spiro Compounds; C508135:spirodiclofen; D015107:4-Butyrolactone