Virtual histology by intravascular ultrasound study on degenerative aortocoronary saphenous vein grafts.
Data of virtual histology (VH) acquired by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) on saphenous vein graft (SVG) lesions is lacking. This study sought to report the VH IVUS findings in degenerative aortocoronary SVG lesions and correlate various types of plaque compositions (fibrous, fibro-fatty, dense calcium, and necrotic core) with different clinical and lesion characteristics. Virtual histology IVUS was performed on SVG in 38 symptomatic patients with a history of coronary artery bypass grafting, who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention on either native vessels or SVG. Measurements were made at the image slice with the smallest lumen. A total of 54 SVG lesions were analyzed; the mean graft age was 13.7 +/- 4.0 years. The mean vessel size was 5.0 +/- 1.0 mm; plaque area was 13.4 +/- 7.3 mm(2), and plaque burden was 63.0% +/- 15.0%. Fibrous tissue represented the major plaque component (62.1% +/- 17.1%). Lesions with a plaque burden of >or=70% were associated with positive remodeling, larger vessel size, higher percentage of fibro-fatty tissue, but lower percentage of dense calcium. Plaque burden was found to be positively correlated with remodeling index (r = 0.37, P = 0.01) and % fibro-fatty tissue (r = 0.49, P < 0.001) but negatively correlated with % dense calcium (r= -0.31, P = 0.03). The severity of SVG atherosclerosis paralleled with a proportional increase in fibro-fatty tissue. Unstable plaques in SVG were associated with positive remodeling, lipid-rich atheroma, and less calcium deposition, similar to the VH IVUS findings in native coronary arteries.
Jim
Man-Hong
MH
Cardiac Medical Unit, Grantham Hospital, 125 Wong Chuk Hang Road, Hong Kong, China. jimmanh2002@yahoo.com
Hau
William Kong-to
WK
Ko
Ryan Lap-Yan
RL
Siu
Chung-Wah
CW
Ho
Hee-Hwa
HH
Yiu
Kai-Hang
KH
Lau
Chu-Pak
CP
Chow
Wing-Hing
WH
D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000637:transplantation; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
D008055:Lipids; D002118:Calcium