The bilevel structure of the Outcome Questionnaire-45.
The structure of the Outcome Questionnaire-45 (Lambert et al., 2001) was examined in a sample of 1,100 university counseling center clients using confirmatory factor analysis. Specifically, the relative fit of 1-factor, 3-factor orthogonal, 3-factor oblique, 4-factor hierarchical, and 4-factor bilevel models were examined. Although the 3-factor oblique, 4-factor hierarchical, and 4-factor bilevel models fit the data well, the 4-factor bilevel model fit the data best. The results provided support for the fit of the 4-factor bilevel model where each item loads on 1 of the 3 independent scales of Symptom Distress, Social Role Performance, and Interpersonal Relations, in addition to a nonoverlapping general distress factor.
Counseling and Consultation, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1012, USA. james.bludworth@asu.edu
Jamie L
JL
Bludworth
Terence J G
TJ
Tracey
Cynthia
C
Glidden-Tracey
D003376:Counseling; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D012380:Role; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult