Nursing home fractures: a challenge and a solution.
Hip fracture occurrences in nursing homes are associated with high morbidity, mortality, and high health care costs in elderly people. In the United States, approximately 340,000 hip fractures occur each year, while more then 90% are associated with falls. Osteoporosis is a skeletal disorder causing impaired bone strength that increases the risk of fracture. In the United States alone, osteoporosis affects < 10 million individuals aged > or =50. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE), North American Menopause Society (NAMS), and National Osteoporosis Foundation (NOF) have developed recommendations for the identification of patients with osteoporosis who need therapy. Good nutrition with adequate supplements of calcium and vitamin D3 is considered one of the most important lifestyle factors for maintaining adequate bone mineral density. Only a combination of calcium and vitamin D therapy has been shown to increase the bone mineral density as well as a reduction in the nonvertebral fractures.
Edlich
Richard F
RF
Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Plastic Surgery, Biomedical Engineering and Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charllotesville, VA 22903, USA. richardedlich@gmail.com
Mason
Shelley S
SS
Swainston
Erin M
EM
Dahlstrom
Jill J
JJ
Gubler
K
K
Long
William B
WB
D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002118:Calcium / Q000172:deficiency / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control
D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D002118:Calcium