Protective effect on human lymphocytes of some flavonoids isolated from two Achillea species.
This study was conducted to elucidate the in vitro protective effect of five flavonoids [apigenin (1), apigenin-7-O-glucoside (2), centaureidin (3), jaceidin (4) and quercetin (5)] against chromosomal damage in mitogen-induced human lymphocytes. Using the Cytochalasin-B blocked micronucleus (CBMN) assay, in which the biomarker of chromosome breakage and/or chromosome loss is the elevated frequency of micronucleus (MN) in binucleated (BN) cells, the presence of flavonoid 2 in minimal concentration (3 microg/mL) gave a 35.5% decrease in the frequency of MN when compared with control human lymphocytes. The same concentration of flavonoids 1, 3 and 4, reduced the MN frequency by 24.4%, 28.0% and 28.0%, respectively. Higher concentrations (6 microg/mL and 10 microg/mL) seemed less effective. Flavonoid 5 (3 microg/mL) induced a slight decrease in MN frequency (5%), while higher doses (6 microg/mL and 10 microg/mL) provoked an increase of DNA damage. The comparable values for the cytokinesis-block proliferation index (CBPI) of the tested flavonoids and positive control suggested an inhibitory effect on lymphocyte proliferation. In the DPPH scavenging assay, flavonoids 1-4 demonstrated modest activity, in a dose-dependent manner, compared with the synthetic antioxidants BHT and Trolox, while 5 exhibited comparably high antioxidative activity.
Institute for Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, NjegoSeva 12, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Ivana
I
Aljancić
Miroslava
M
Stanković
Vele
V
Tesević
Ljubodrag
L
Vujisić
Vlatka
V
Vajs
Slobodan
S
Milosavljević
D031162:Achillea / Q000737:chemistry*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019457:Chromosome Breakage / Q000187:drug effects*; D048749:Cytokinesis / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests
D005419:Flavonoids