The "compact impact" in Hawaii: focus on health care.
The political, economic, and military relationship between the former Pacific Trust Territories of the United States is defined by the Compact of Free Association (COFA) treaty. The respective COFA treaties allow the United States military and strategic oversight for these countries, while COFA citizens can work, reside, and travel with unlimited lengths of stay in the United States. The unforeseen consequences of the diaspora of the people of the COFA nations to the United States and its territories is called the "Compact Impact." In 2007 the social, health, and welfare system costs attributed to the estimated 13,000 COFA migrants in Hawaii was $90 million. The US federal government does not take full responsibility for the adverse economic consequences to Hawaii due to COFA implementation. The lack of health and education infrastructure in the COFA nations, as well as the unique language, culture, political, and economic development of the region have contributed to the adverse elements of the Compact Impact. The Department of Human Services of Hawaii, once supportive of the COFA peoples, now looks to withdraw state sponsored health care support. This paper reviews the historical, political, and economic development, which surrounds the Compact Impact and describes Hawaii's government and community response. This paper attempts to understand, describe, and search for solutions that will mitigate the Compact Impact.
Riklon
Sheldon
S
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, John A Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA. riklons@hawaii.edu
Alik
Wilfred
W
Hixon
Allen
A
Palafox
Neal A
NA
D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000266:history; D035082:Federal Government; D006254:Hawaii; D018166:Health Care Reform / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation / Q000266:history; D008849:Micronesia; D011057:Politics; D011640:Public Policy; D012924:Social Conditions / Q000266:history; D014481:United States