SGLT2 inhibition--a novel strategy for diabetes treatment.
Inhibiting sodium-glucose co-transporters (SGLTs), which have a key role in the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney, has been proposed as a novel therapeutic strategy for diabetes. Genetic mutations in the kidney-specific SGLT2 isoform that result in benign renal glycosuria, as well as preclinical and clinical studies with SGLT2 inhibitors in type 2 diabetes, support the potential of this approach. These investigations indicate that elevating renal glucose excretion by suppressing SGLT2 can reduce plasma glucose levels, as well as decrease weight. Although data from ongoing Phase III trials of these agents are needed to more fully assess safety, results suggest that the beneficial effects of SGLT2 inhibition might be achieved without exerting significant side effects--an advantage over many current diabetes medications. This article discusses the role of SGLT2 in glucose homeostasis and the evidence available so far on the therapeutic potential of blocking these transporters in the treatment of diabetes.
Section of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, VA San Diego Healthcare System and University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 3350 La Jolla Village Drive, 111 G San Diego, California 92161, USA. edward.chao@va.gov
Edward C
EC
Chao
Robert R
RR
Henry
D000818:Animals; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy; D015195:Drug Design; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; C089180:SLC5A2 protein, human; D051297:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2; D000077203:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors; D005947:Glucose