Inhibition of ABCB1 (MDR1) expression by an siRNA nanoparticulate delivery system to overcome drug resistance in osteosarcoma.
BACKGROUND
The use of neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in treating osteosarcoma has improved patients' average 5 year survival rate from 20% to 70% in the past 30 years. However, for patients who progress after chemotherapy, its effectiveness diminishes due to the emergence of multi-drug resistance (MDR) after prolonged therapy.


RESULTS
In order to overcome both the dose-limiting side effects of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and the therapeutic failure resulting from MDR, we designed and evaluated a novel drug delivery system for MDR1 siRNA delivery. Novel biocompatible, lipid-modified dextran-based polymeric nanoparticles were used as the platform for MDR1 siRNA delivery; and the efficacy of combination therapy with this system was evaluated. In this study, multi-drug resistant osteosarcoma cell lines (KHOS(R2) and U-2OS(R2)) were treated with the MDR1 siRNA nanocarriers and MDR1 protein (P-gp) expression, drug retention, and immunofluoresence were analyzed. Combination therapy of the MDR1 siRNA loaded nanocarriers with increasing concentrations of doxorubicin was also analyzed. We observed that MDR1 siRNA loaded dextran nanoparticles efficiently suppresses P-gp expression in the drug resistant osteosarcoma cell lines. The results also demonstrated that this approach may be capable of reversing drug resistance by increasing the amount of drug accumulation in MDR cell lines.


CONCLUSIONS
Lipid-modified dextran-based polymeric nanoparticles are a promising platform for siRNA delivery. Nanocarriers loaded with MDR1 siRNA are a potential treatment strategy for reversing MDR in osteosarcoma.
Susa
Michiro
M
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Iyer
Arun K
AK
Ryu
Keinosuke
K
Choy
Edwin
E
Hornicek
Francis J
FJ
Mankin
Henry
H
Milane
Lara
L
Amiji
Mansoor M
MM
Duan
Zhenfeng
Z
D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003911:Dextrans / Q000378:metabolism; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000378:metabolism; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D003911:Dextrans; D005452:Fluoresceins; D008055:Lipids; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C085925:calcein AM; D004317:Doxorubicin