Larvicidal constituents of Zingiber officinale (ginger) against Anisakis simplex.
In this study, we investigated the anthelmintic activity of [10]-shogaol, [6]-shogaol, [10]-gingerol and [6]-gingerol, compounds isolated from the roots of Zingiber officinale L., Zingiberaceae (ginger), against Anisakis simplex. The above compounds kill or reduce spontaneous movement in A. simplex larvae. The maximum lethal efficacy of [10]-shogaol and [10]-gingerol was approximately 80% and 100%, respectively. We further examined the time course of compound-induced loss of mobility in A. simplex. The results showed that various concentrations of [10]-shogaol, [6]-shogaol, [10]-gingerol and [6]-gingerol have maximum effects on loss of spontaneous movement from 24 to 72 h. In addition, the time course of mortality and the percentage of loss of spontaneous movements were ascertained to determine the minimum effective doses of [10]-gingerol and [10]-shogaol. [10]-Gingerol exhibited a larger maximum larvicidal effect and greater loss of spontaneous movement than [10]-shogaol and albendazole. In addition, these constituents of Zingiber officinale showed effects against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and peroxyl radicals. These constituents of Zingiber officinale are responsible for its larvicidal activity against A. simplex.
Lin
Rong-Jyh
RJ
Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chen
Chung-Yi
CY
Lee
June-Der
JD
Lu
Chin-Mei
CM
Chung
Li-Yu
LY
Yen
Chuan-Min
CM
D015766:Albendazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D017129:Anisakiasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017163:Anisakis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002396:Catechols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D010545:Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots
D000871:Anthelmintics; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010545:Peroxides; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C049375:perhydroxyl radical; C040115:shogaol; C007845:gingerol; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D015766:Albendazole