Early goal-directed therapy in treatment of pediatric septic shock.
In the whole world, around 29,000 children younger than 5 years die every day, and sepsis is the most common cause of death. Whereas in adult patients vasomotor paralysis represents the predominant cause of mortality, death in pediatric sepsis is associated with severe hypovolemia and low cardiac output. The purpose of this article was to review the recent evidence on early treatment of pediatric severe sepsis and septic shock. Although current American College of Critical Care Medicine-Pediatric Advanced Life Support guidelines represent best practice, stronger evidences are lacking to confirm the components of these recommendations. Retrospective studies showed, at the same time, the positive effects arising from the utilization of American College of Critical Care Medicine-Pediatric Advanced Life Support guidelines and the existing barriers to its implementation. And one randomized control trial paralleled the results observed in adult patients and revealed that early goal-directed therapy in children is one of the few therapeutic interventions that proved to be beneficial in septic shock treatment. Early goal-directed therapy in pediatric septic shock is a successful method to optimize and parameterize treatment, but there is still a long way to turn septic shock resuscitation simpler and more widely spread.
Instituto da Criança, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. claudio.flauzino@usp.br
Cláudio Flauzino
CF
de Oliveira
D000293:Adolescent; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007223:Infant; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012769:Shock / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D010100:Oxygen