Impact on hospital functions following the 2010 Chilean earthquake.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess the impact of the 2010 Chilean earthquake on hospital functions and services. Hospitals functioning in a post-disaster environment must provide emergency medical care related to the event, in addition to providing standard community health services. This study focused on damage to both structural and nonstructural components, as well as to utility services.


METHODS
Site visits were made to every hospital in a single province (Bio-Bio). Engineers conducted damage assessments while interviews of hospital administrators were conducted. The survey was requested by the Chilean Ministry of Health (MOH) to assess the impact of the earthquake on hospital operations and facility responses to those effects. Other important regional and hospital data were gathered from hospital administrators and the MOH.


RESULTS
Seven government hospitals were surveyed. All hospitals in the region lost communications, municipal electrical power and water for several days. All reported some physical damage although only one suffered significant structural damage. All lost some functional capacity as a result of the earthquake. The loss of telephones and cellular service was identified as the most difficult problem by administrators. An average of 3 physical areas per hospital lost some degree of functional capacity following the earthquake.


CONCLUSIONS
Even in an earthquake-prone and very well-prepared country such as Chile hospital functions were widely disrupted by the event. The loss of hospital functions can occur even with minimal damage to the physical structure. The loss of communications can impede or halt response efforts at all levels. Hospitals should be prepared to self-sustain following a disaster for 2-3 days regardless of the level of structural damage. Understanding the details of these impacts is essential to hospital preparedness and plans for continuing services after a disaster.
School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA.
Thomas D
TD
Kirsch
Judith
J
Mitrani-Reiser
Richard
R
Bissell
Lauren M
LM
Sauer
Michael
M
Mahoney
William T
WT
Holmes
Nicolás
N
Santa Cruz
Francisco
F
de la Maza
D002677:Chile; D004189:Disaster Planning / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration; D055866:Earthquakes; D004631:Emergency Medical Service Communication Systems; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004865:Equipment and Supplies, Hospital / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006747:Hospital Communication Systems; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination / Q000379:methods; D054527:Mass Casualty Incidents; D020380:Needs Assessment