CT evaluation of local leakage of bone cement after percutaneous kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty.
BACKGROUND
Percutaneous injection of bone cement (acrylic cement) during percutaneous kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty can cause symptomatic or asymptomatic complications due to leakage, extravasation or vascular migration of cement.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate and to compare the incidence and site of local leakage or complications of bone cement after percutaneous kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty using bone cement.


METHODS
We retrospectively reviewed 473 cases of percutaneous kyphoplasty or vertebroplasty performed under fluoroscopic guidance. Of the 473 cases, follow-up CT scans that covered the treated bones were available for 83 cases (59 kyphoplasty and 24 vertebroplasty).


RESULTS
The rate of local leakage of bone cement was 87.5% (21/24) for percutaneous vertebroplasty and 49.2% (29/59) for kyphoplasty. The most common site of local leakage was perivertebral soft tissue (n=8, 38.1%) for vertebroplasty. The most common site of local leakage was a perivertebral vein (n=7, 24.1%) for kyphoplasty. Two cases of pulmonary cement embolism developed: one case after kyphoplasty and one case after vertebroplasty.


CONCLUSIONS
Local leakage of bone cement was more common for percutaneous vertebroplasty compared with kyphoplasty (P<0.005). The most common sites of local leakage were perivertebral soft tissue and perivertebral vein.
Lee
In Jae
IJ
Department of Radiology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. ijlee2003@medimail.co.kr
Choi
A Lam
AL
Yie
Mi-Yeon
MY
Yoon
Ji Young
JY
Jeon
Eui Yong
EY
Koh
Sung Hye
SH
Yoon
Dae Young
DY
Lim
Kyung Ja
KJ
Im
Hyoung June
HJ
D001843:Bone Cements; D006801:Humans; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D054854:Vertebroplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*
D001843:Bone Cements