title: Everyday strivings in war veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder: suffering from a hyper-focus on avoidance and emotion regulation.
abstract: This research investigated whether combat veterans' daily strivings are related to the presence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and well-being. Veterans created a list of their most important strivings, which were content-analyzed for emotion regulation and approach or avoidance themes. It was hypothesized that veterans pursuing strivings with themes of emotion regulation or avoidance experience deleterious consequences compared with other veterans. For all veterans, devoting finite time and energy in daily life to regulating emotions was associated with less purpose, meaning, and joy compared with other strivings. Veterans with PTSD endorsed more strivings related to emotion regulation and devoted considerable effort to emotion regulation and avoidance strivings. Yet, these efforts failed to translate into any discernible benefits; veterans without PTSD derived greater joy and meaning from strivings focusing on approac- oriented behavior and themes other than emotion regulation. The presence of PTSD and a high rate of emotion regulation strivings led to the lowest global well-being and daily self-esteem during a 14-day assessment period. The presence of PTSD and a high rate of avoidance strivings also led to lower emotional well-being. Results indicate that strivings devoted to regulating emotions or avoidance efforts influence the mental health of veterans with and without PTSD. Studying personality at different levels of analysis-traits, strivings, and life narratives-allows for a fine-grained understanding of emotional disorders.
authors.affiliation: George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA. tkashdan@gmu.edu
authors.forename: Todd B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Kashdan
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Breen
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Julian
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D056348:Emotional Intelligence; D004644:Emotions; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*