title: Ultrasound assisted photocatalytic degradation of diclofenac in an aqueous environment.
abstract: Diclofenac (DF) is an anti-inflammatory drug found in aqueous environments as a pollutant due to its widespread use. The sonolytic, photocatalytic and sonophotocatalytic degradation of DF using three photocatalysts (TiO(2), ZnO and Fe-ZnO) were studied. The degradation of DF followed first-order like kinetics. The sonophotocatalytic degradation using TiO(2) under UV-vis radiation showed a slight synergistic enhancement in the degradation of the parent compound, whereas a detrimental effect was observed for the mineralization process. In the case of Fe-ZnO, both degradation and mineralization showed near additive effects. A number of degradation products were identified.
authors.affiliation: Particulate Fluids Processing Centre, School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, VIC-3010, Australia.
authors.forename: Jagannathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Madhavan
authors.forename: Panneer Selvam Sathish
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Sambandam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anandan
authors.forename: Meifang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grieser
authors.forename: Muthupandian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashokkumar
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D010782:Photolysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D004008:Diclofenac