title: Papillary thyroid cancer in children and adolescents does not differ in growth pattern and metastatic behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide comprehensive clinicopathologic data, comparing the growth pattern and metastatic behavior of papillary thyroid cancer between children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  This clinicopathologic investigation included 83 consecutive patients ages 6 to 18 years operated on for papillary thyroid cancer at a tertiary referral center in Germany (1994 to 2009).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in sex distribution, re-operation rate, medical history of external radiation, multifocal tumor growth, number of thyroid cancers, extrathyroidal tumor growth, lymph node metastasis, numbers of involved and removed nodes or distant metastasis among patients ages 6 to 11, 12 to 15, and 16 to 18 years. Patients with extrathyroidal growth, unlike those with intrathyroidal growth, had larger tumors, especially in the oldest age group (means of 20, 26, and 44 mm for patients ages 6 to 11, 12 to 15, and 16 to 18 years; P=.015); the statistical significance was lost after correction for multiple testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Having comparable extent of disease, children should not undergo less extensive neck operations than adolescents for papillary thyroid cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Martin Luther University, Halle (Saale), Germany. AndreasMachens@aol.com
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Machens
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Phuong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nguyen Thanh
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brauckhoff
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dralle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery