title: Spinal cord vascular malformations in children.
abstract: Spinal vascular malformations comprise a diverse group of abnormalities, including arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), cavernous malformations, dural arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs), and capillary telangiectasias. These conditions each have distinct causes, presentations, radiologic appearances, and natural histories. This article explores the presentation, natural history, investigation, and treatment of spinal AVMs, spinal AVFs, and spinal cavernous malformations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Room 3552, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5338, USA.
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Hugh J L
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Garton
authors.forename: Daniel K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Fahim
authors.forename: Cormac O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Maher
mesh_terms: D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D020786:Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D011859:Radiography; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology