title: Use of drug-eluting stents for chronic total occlusions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting outcomes after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation in chronic total occlusions (CTOs).
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of publications and online databases in January 2010 retrieved 17 published studies that reported outcomes after DES implantation in CTOs: eight uncontrolled studies, seven nonrandomized comparative studies with bare-metal stents (BMS), one post-hoc analysis of a randomized trial, and one randomized trial. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All published studies evaluated sirolimus- or paclitaxel-eluting stents. All studies reporting comparative angiographic outcomes revealed less binary angiographic restenosis with DES implantation compared to BMS (odds ratio: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.26). Over a mean follow-up period of 18.9±16.5 months, the cumulative incidence of death, myocardial infarction, or stent thrombosis was similar between DES and BMS in all studies. Target lesion revascularization (odds ratio: 0.13, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.26) and target vessel revascularization (odds ratio 0.18, 95% CI: 0.11, 0.31) at 6-12 months were consistently lower among DES-treated patients. Similar patterns of safety and efficacy event rates were also observed in studies reporting>12 month outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with BMS, treatment of chronic total coronary occlusions with DES is associated with significant reductions in angiographic and clinical restenosis with similar safety. The consistency and magnitude of treatment effect across both individual trials and the pooled analysis establish DES as the preferred therapy for percutaneous revascularization of CTOs.
authors.affiliation: University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kandzari
authors.forename: Pierfrancesco
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Agostoni
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Bavana V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Rangan
authors.forename: Subhash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Emmanouil S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Brilakis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D054059:Coronary Occlusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018579:Patient Selection; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D017239:Paclitaxel; D020123:Sirolimus