title: Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in traditional meats derived from game animals in Nunavik.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this project were two-fold, to: (1) implement rapid, simple, and inexpensive test methods enabling the detection of the foodborne pathogens Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in foods and related samples, for the purpose of establishing basic on-site food microbiology testing capability at the Nunavik Research Centre (NRC) in Kuujjuaq, with the provision of hands-on training in the operation of methods; and (2) use this new capability to conduct a survey of the eastern Canadian Arctic in order to ascertain the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in traditional meats derived from arctic food animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  To verify the effectiveness of training provided to NRC staff, proficiency test samples consisting of ground beef inoculated with salmonellae and E. coli O157:H7 were prepared by the Proficiency Testing Unit of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) and shipped to the NRC for analysis. The NRC laboratory demonstrated 100% accuracy in the identification of the target pathogens in all samples, demonstrating the successful implementation of on-site test capability. For the prevalence study, a total of 129 samples from arctic mammals, fowl, fish and environmental swabs from community freezers were analyzed at both the NRC and CFIA laboratories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No E. coli O157- or Salmonella-positives were identified for any of the samples examined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results represent a first step towards the creation for future reference of a database on the prevalence of the pathogens E. coli O157 and Salmonella.
authors.affiliation: Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa Laboratory (Carling), Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. martine.gauthier@inspection.gc.ca
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gauthier
authors.forename: Manon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Simard
authors.forename: Burton W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Blais
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001110:Arctic Regions / Q000453:epidemiology; D002170:Canada; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D004930:Inuit; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*