title: Neurotrophic and neuroimmune responses to early-life Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in rat lungs.
abstract: Early-life respiratory infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa is common in children with cystic fibrosis or immune deficits. Although many of its clinical manifestations involve neural reflexes, little information is available on the peripheral nervous system of infected airways. This study sought to determine whether early-life infection triggers a neurogenic-mediated immunoinflammatory response, the mechanisms of this response, and its relationship with other immunoinflammatory pathways. Weanling and adult rats were inoculated with suspensions containing P. aeruginosa (PAO1) coated on alginate microspheres suspended in Tris-CaCl(2) buffer. Five days after infection, rats were injected with capsaicin to stimulate nociceptive nerves in the airway mucosa, and microvascular permeability was measured using Evans blue as a tracer. PAO1 increased neurogenic inflammation in the extra- and intrapulmonary compartments of weanlings but not in adults. The mechanism involves selective overexpression of NGF, which is critical for the local increase in microvascular permeability and for the infiltration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes into infected lung parenchyma. These effects are mediated in part by induction of downstream inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, especially IL-1beta, IL-18, and leptin. Our data suggest that neurogenic-mediated immunoinflammatory mechanisms play important roles in airway inflammation and hyperreactivity associated with P. aeruginosa when infection occurs early in life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Research Institute, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, West Virginia 26506-9214, USA.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cardenas
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scuri
authors.forename: Lennie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Samsell
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ducatman
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bejarano
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Auais
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doud
authors.forename: Kalai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mathee
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piedimonte
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D026121:Indole Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000294:innervation / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D055806:Microvessels / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020078:Neurogenic Inflammation / Q000382:microbiology; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002227:Carbazoles; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D026121:Indole Alkaloids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; C049985:staurosporine aglycone