title: Polish brief pain inventory for pain assessment and monitoring of pain treatment in patients with cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To adapt the Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) to Polish and to evaluate its psychometric properties (validity and reliability) in patients with cancer pain and to use BPI-SF for pain assessment and monitoring of pain treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  BPI-SF construct validity was established through factor analysis of the pain interference items (factor 1) and the pain intensity items (factor 2). The concurrent validity was established by the correlation of BPI-SF with the pain scale, role functioning, and global quality of life (QOL) of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ C 30) and with the performance status (Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group [ECOG] and Karnofsky Performance Scale [KPS]). BPI-SF reliability was assessed using the alpha-Cronbach coefficient. There were three (QLQ C 30, ECOG, KPS) or four measurements (BPI-SF) performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BPI-SF factor analysis revealed two underlying constructs: pain severity and pain interference. The factor analysis resulted in high validity scores of both factors. Numerous significant correlations of BPI-SF with pain scale and role functioning, a few less significant corellations with global QL of the EORTC QLQ C 30 and modest correlations with ECOG and KPS. High alpha-Cronbach values were found for single items and for the whole pain intensity and pain interference factors (0.863-0.998).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Polish version of BPI-SF is a valid and reliable tool recommended for pain assessment and monitoring of pain treatment in patients with cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Palliative Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. wojciechleppert@wp.pl
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Leppert
authors.forename: Mikolaj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majkowicz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011044:Poland; D011594:Psychometrics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires