title: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract of Annona muricata L. leaves in animal models.
abstract: Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the ethanol extract from Annona muricata L. leaves were investigated in animal models. The extract delivered per oral route (p.o.) reduced the number of abdominal contortions by 14.42% (at a dose of 200 mg/kg) and 41.41% (400 mg/kg). Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg (p.o) inhibited both phases of the time paw licking: first phase (23.67% and 45.02%) and the second phase (30.09% and 50.02%), respectively. The extract (p.o.) increased the reaction time on a hot plate at doses of 200 (30.77% and 37.04%) and 400 mg/kg (82.61% and 96.30%) after 60 and 90 minutes of treatment, respectively. The paw edema was reduced by the ethanol extract (p.o.) at doses of 200 (23.16% and 29.33%) and 400 mg/kg (29.50% and 37.33%) after 3 to 4 h of application of carrageenan, respectively. Doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg (p.o.), administered 4 h before the carrageenan injection, reduced the exudate volume (29.25 and 45.74%) and leukocyte migration (18.19 and 27.95%) significantly. These results suggest that A. muricata can be an active source of substances with antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities.
authors.affiliation: Departamento Farmacêutico, Faculdade de Farmácia e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Campus Universitário, Martelos, 36036-330, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil; E-Mails: glauciemar@gmail.com (G.D.-V.V.); jose.pinho@ufjf.edu.br (J.J.R.G.P.); hytomani@yahoo.com (C.H.Y.).
authors.forename: Orlando Vieira
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.forename: Glauciemar Del-Vechio
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Jesus R G de Pinho
authors.forename: Célia Hitomi
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Maria Silvana
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Alves
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol