title: Periodontal conditions in elderly men with and without osteoporosis or osteopenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this case-control study is to investigate the periodontal conditions in elderly men with and without osteoporosis or osteopenia and to determine their possible association with periodontal destruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 200 community-dwelling Chinese males (age range: 69 to 78 years; mean ± SD age: 71.9 ± 3.3 years) were recruited from the Jockey Club Center for Osteoporosis Care and Control, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, including 67 subjects with osteoporosis, 66 subjects with osteopenia, and 67 age-matched normal control subjects based on bone mineral density at the hip, spine, and whole body measured by dual-energy x-ray densitometry. All subjects were interviewed using questionnaires and received a full-mouth periodontal examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with osteoporosis exhibited a significantly higher percentage of sites with clinical attachment loss (AL) > or= 6 mm compared to subjects with osteopenia (P <0.05); subjects with osteoporosis also showed a greater percentage of sites with interproximal gingival recession (GR) > or = 5 mm than did control subjects (P <0.05) after excluding smokers. Subjects with osteoporosis were more likely (odds ratio = 3.3; P <0.05) to exhibit interproximal GR > or = 5 mm than were control subjects. Osteoporosis remained significantly associated with severe clinical AL and interproximal GR after adjusting for age, supragingival plaque, and number of teeth lost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that osteoporosis is associated with severe clinical AL and interproximal GR in elderly Chinese men.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shum
authors.forename: Ping-Chung
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: Esmonde F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Corbet
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Orwoll
authors.forename: Kathy R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Phipps
authors.forename: Lijian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000150:complications*; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000150:complications*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires