title: Screening for several potential pathogens in feral pigeons (Columba livia) in Madrid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pathogens with the zoonotic potential to infect humans, such as Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter coli and Chlamydophila psittaci, can be found in feral pigeons (Columba livia). Given the high density of these birds in the public parks and gardens of most cities, they may pose a direct threat to public health.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 118 pigeons were captured in three samplings carried out in 2006-2007 in public parks and gardens in Madrid, Spain. Standard haematological and morphological analyses were carried out on the pigeons. PCR was used to screen for the presence of Campylobacter jejuni, C. coli and Chlamydophila psittaci. Positive samples were confirmed by DNA sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analyses demonstrated a high prevalence of Chlamydophila psittaci (52.6%) and Campylobacter jejuni (69.1%) among the birds captured. In contrast, Campylobacter coli was rarely detected (1.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pigeons in Madrid can carry Chlamydophila psittaci and Campylobacter jejuni. They may be asymptomatic or subclinical carriers of both pathogens.
authors.affiliation: CISA-INIA, Animal Health Research Center, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Belén
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esperón
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ballesteros
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Muñoz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D001772:Blood Cell Count / Q000662:veterinary; D017000:Campylobacter coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002691:Chlamydophila psittaci / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002988:Cloaca / Q000382:microbiology; D010856:Columbidae; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial