Therapeutic strategies for heart failure in cardiorenal syndromes.
Cardiorenal syndromes are disorders of the heart and kidneys whereby acute or long-term dysfunction in one organ may induce acute or long-term dysfunction of the other. The management of cardiovascular diseases and risk factors may influence, in a beneficial or harmful way, kidney function and progression of kidney injury. In this review, we assess therapeutic strategies and discuss treatment options for the management of patients with heart failure with decreased kidney function and highlight the need for future high-quality studies in patients with coexisting heart and kidney disease.
House
Andrew A
AA
London Health Sciences Centre, Division of Nephrology, London, Canada. andrew.house@lhsc.on.ca
Haapio
Mikko
M
Lassus
Johan
J
Bellomo
Rinaldo
R
Ronco
Claudio
C
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013577:Syndrome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D014665:Vasodilator Agents