title: Bond strength and nanoroughness assessment on human pretreated cementum surfaces.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the bond strength of seven adhesive systems to human cementum, and to assess the promoted surface roughness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Extracted human canines were used for the present study. The mesial surface from the cervical third of the roots were ground flat with wet 600-grit silicon carbide paper and bonded. Seven adhesive systems were employed: an etch-and-rinse adhesive (Single Bond), two two-step self-etching (Clearfil SE Bond and Resulcin Aquaprime) and four one-step self-etching (One-up Bond F, Prompt-L-Pop, Etch and Prime 3.0 and NRC+Prime&Bond NT). Composite build-ups were constructed and stored in a humid environment for 24h at 37 degrees C. Specimens were sectioned into 1mm(2) beams and tested for microtensile bond strength (MTBS). Additional surfaces were conditioned for atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. Results were analyzed with ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keuls tests (P<0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single Bond showed the highest MTBS values. No differences were found between Resulcin Aquaprime, One-up Bond and Prompt-L-Pop. Clearfil SE Bond, Etch and Prime and NRC+Prime&Bond NT obtained the lowest bond strength values. H(3)PO(4) acid treatment of cementum and Resulcin Aquaprime showed the highest nanoroughness parameters and One-up Bond the lowest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The etch-and-rinse adhesive and the two-step self-etching adhesive with the lowest pH value promoted the highest bond strength to human cementum surfaces.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, University of Granada, Avda Fuerzas Armadas 1, 1B, 18014 Granada, Spain. toledano@ugr.es
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toledano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Osorio
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perdigão
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Osorio
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D003739:Dental Cementum; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D019279:Resin Cements