title: Expression profiling of cell cycle regulatory proteins in oropharyngeal carcinomas using tissue microarrays.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the expressions of cell cycle regulatory proteins such as p53, p16, p21, and Rb in squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx and their relation to histological differentiation, staging of disease, and prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraffin blocks from 21 primary tumors were obtained from archives of the Department of Pathology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of Sao Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of p53, p16, p21, and Rb by means of tissue microarrays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of p53, p21, p16 and Rb was not correlated with the stage of disease, histopathological grading or recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, our results suggest that p53, p16, p21 and Rb are not reliable biomarkers for prognosis of the tumor severity or recurrence in squamous cell carcinoma of the oropharynx as depicted by tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry.
authors.affiliation: DDS, Departamento de Biociências, Av. Ana Costa, 95, Vila Mathias, Santos - SP, Brazil, 11060-001. daribeiro@unifesp.br
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Fabio D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: Ana Carolina C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fracalossi
authors.forename: Thiago S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Celina T F
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Marcello F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53