title: Histone deacetylase inhibition suppresses the transforming growth factor beta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in hepatocytes.
abstract: Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) plays a crucial role in the induction of the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatocytes, which contributes to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. The inhibition of the TGFbeta1 cascade suppresses EMT and the resultant fibrosis. In this study, we focus on EMT-induced fibrosis in hepatocytes and the epigenetic regulation of the type I collagen gene. Histone acetylation is an important, major epigenetic mechanism that modulates gene transcription. We evaluated the epigenetic regulation of type I collagen in alpha mouse liver 12 hepatocytes (an untransformed mouse cell line) that had undergone EMT after treatment with TGFbeta1. The histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) inhibited EMT; this was reflected by the preservation of epithelial markers and function (E-cadherin and albumin). Fibrosis, the ultimate outcome of EMT, was abolished by TSA; this was indicated by the inhibition of type I collagen deposition. TSA exerted its anti-EMT effects by deactivating the mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 (Smad3)/Smad4 transcription complex and by interfering with p300, a coactivator of the type I collagen promoter, and preventing its binding to Smad3. TSA also restored Friend leukemia virus integration 1, an inhibitor of the type I collagen gene. TGFbeta1-induced EMT and its inhibition by TSA were replicated in human primary hepatocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histone deacetylase inhibition abrogates TGFbeta1-induced EMT in hepatocytes and reverses EMT-induced fibrosis by epigenetic modulation of type I collagen.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaimori
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choti
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mezey
authors.forename: Ayman A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Koteish
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C012589:trichostatin A; D006655:Histone Deacetylases