title: [Experimental study on reconstruction of ureter by intestinal sero-muscular segment with autograft of bladder mucosa].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is a thorny problem to reconstruct long ureteral defect in urinary surgery. To investigate the feasibility of intestinal sero-muscular segment with autograft of bladder mucosa as a replacement material for reconstruction of long ureteral defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve adult Beagle dogs (weighing 6.5-9.3 kg and being male or female) were randomly divided into 3 groups, each group including 4 dogs. In group A, lower segment of ureter was reconstructed by autograft of bladder mucosa to the intestinal sero-muscular segment; furthermore, the proximal and distal reconstructed ureter were anastomosed to the bladder and the upper ureter, respectively. In group B, upper segment of ureter was reconstructed by the same method as that of group A, the proximal and distal reconstructed ureter anastomosis with pelvic and lower ureter, respectively. In group C, whole ureter was reconstructed by the same method as that of group A, the proximal and distal reconstructed ureter were anastomosis with pelvic and bladder, respectively. Blood urea nitrogen, Cr2+, K+, Na+, Cl-, Ca2+ and carbon dioxide combining power were detected before operation, the general state, drainage volume, healing of wound, and complications were observed after operation. At 6 weeks, the blood biochemical indexes and intravenous urography (IVU) were detected, and the gross and histological observations of ureter were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group B, urine leakage and infection occurred in 1 dog 2 days after operation because ureter stent prolapsed; other dogs had no complications. There was no significant difference in the biochemical indexes between before operation and 6 weeks after operation. IVU showed: in group A, hydronephrosis and ureterectasis occurred on the operation side of 1 dog; in group B, anastomotic stricture between the reconstructed ureter and lower ureter and hydronephrosis occurred in 1 dog; and in other dogs of all groups, renal function was good and the reconstructed ureter had peristalsis function. The histopathological observation showed that the reconstructed ureter had similar structure to normal ureter at 6 weeks in 3 groups; the inflammatory cells infiltrating of the reconstructed ureter was observed in 1 dog of groups A and C, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reconstruction of ureter by intestinal sero-muscular segment with autograft of bladder mucosa has similar structure and function to the normal ureter. The results might provide an experimental basis for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology Surgery, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu Sichuan 610072, PR China.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xianghui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Baisheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Mingxing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001187:Artificial Organs; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000637:transplantation*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology*; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery