title: Fast curing of restorative materials through the soft light energy release.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of a novel light curing process, namely soft light energy release (SLER), on shrinkage, mechanical strength and residual stress of four dental restorative materials (DEI experience, Gradia Direct, Enamel Plus HFO and Venus) was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Composite specimens were fast cured through high level of power density and soft light energy release. Temperature, linear shrinkage and light power measurements were acquired in parallel in order to assess the effect of light modulation on temperature and shrinkage profiles during the light curing process and the following dark reaction phase. The small punch test and Raman spectroscopy were adopted to investigate the effect of SLER on mechanical strength and on internal stress, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The soft light energy release photo-polymerization allows to reduce of about 20% the shrinkage rate and to increase the strength of fast light cured specimens. In addition, a more relaxed and homogeneous internal stress distribution was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Properties of fast cured restorative materials can be improved by adopting the soft light energy release process.
authors.affiliation: IMCB-CNR, Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, National Research Council, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy. rosantis@unina.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Santis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gloria
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prisco
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amendola
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Puppulin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pezzotti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rengo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ambrosio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nicolais
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D006244:Hardness; D006358:Hot Temperature; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives / Q000379:methods*; D058105:Polymerization; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins