title: Genetic variants in selected pre-microRNA genes and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in microRNAs (miRNAs) may alter the processing, transcription, and expression of miRNAs and, thus, may contribute to cancer development. The authors hypothesized that common polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs are associated individually and (more likely) collectively with the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors genotyped 4 common polymorphisms in pre-miRNAs: Homo sapiens miRNA 146a (hsa-mir-146a) (reference SNP 2910164 [rs2910164]; guanine to cytosine [G→C]), hsa-mir-149 (rs2292832; guanine to thymine [G→T]), hsa-mir-196a2 (rs11614913; C→T), and hsa-mir-499 (rs3746444; adenine to guanine [A→G]) in 1109 patients with SCCHN (cases) and in 1130 cancer-free patients (controls) in a non-Hispanic white population that was frequency-matched by age and sex. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to calculate crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 4 SNPs that were studied, the hsa-mir-499 AG and GG genotypes were associated with a reduced risk of SCCHN (OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.69-0.99). When the 4 SNPs were combined according to putative risk genotype, the number of observed risk genotypes was associated with an increased risk of SCCHN in a dose-response manner with ORs of 1.0, 1.20, and 1.40 for individuals who had 0 or 1 risk genotypes, 2 or 3 risk genotypes, and 4 risk genotypes, respectively (P(trend) = .037). Specifically, the risk was 1.23-fold (95% CI, 0.98-fold to 1.56-fold) for individuals with 2 to 4 risk genotypes and 1.40-fold (95% CI, 1.02-fold to 1.92-fold) for individuals who had 4 risk genotypes compared with individuals who had 0 or 1 risk genotypes. This risk was more pronounced in men and in patients with oropharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combined risk genotypes of 4 common SNPs in pre-miRNAs were associated significantly with a moderately increased risk of SCCHN. Larger studies are needed to validate the current findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Zhensheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guojun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Jiangong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Adel K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: El-Naggar
authors.forename: Erich M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Sturgis
authors.forename: Qingyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs