title: CT colonography computer-aided polyp detection: Effect on radiologist observers of polyp identification by CAD on both the supine and prone scans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the display of computer-aided detection (CAD) marks on individual polyps on both the supine and prone scans leads to improved polyp detection by radiologists compared to the display of CAD marks on individual polyps on either the supine or the prone scan, but not both.
  
  
  METHODS
  The acquisition of patient data for this study was approved by the Institutional Review Board and was Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant. Subsequently, the use of the data was declared exempt from further institutional review board review. Four radiologists interpreted 33 computed tomography colonography cases, 21 of which had one adenoma 6-9 mm in size, with the assistance of a CAD system in the first reader mode (ie, the radiologists reviewed only the CAD marks). The radiologists were shown each case twice, with different sets of CAD marks for each of the two readings. In one reading, a true-positive CAD mark for the same polyp was displayed on both the supine and prone scans (a double-mark reading). In the other reading, a true-positive CAD mark was displayed either on the supine or prone scan, but not both (a single-mark reading). True-positive marks were randomized between readings and there was at least a 1-month delay between readings to minimize recall bias. Sensitivity and specificity were determined and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and multiple-reader multiple-case analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average per polyp sensitivities were 60% (38%-81%) versus 71% (52%-91%) (P = .03) for single-mark and double-mark readings, respectively. The areas (95% confidence intervals) under the ROC curves were 0.76 (0.62-0.88) and 0.79 (0.58-0.96), respectively (P = NS). Specificities were similar for the single-mark compared with the double-mark readings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The display of CAD marks on a polyp on both the supine and prone scans led to more frequent detection of polyps by radiologists without adversely affecting specificity for detecting 6-9 mm adenomas.
authors.affiliation: Imaging Biomarkers and Computer-Aided Diagnosis Laboratory, Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892-1182, USA. rms@nih.gov <rms@nih.gov>
authors.forename: Ronald M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: Jiamin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bhavya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rehani
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stafford
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Louie
authors.forename: Duncan S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Barlow
authors.forename: Donald W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Brooks
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cash
authors.forename: J Richard
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Perry J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Pickhardt
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Petrick
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D023881:Colonography, Computed Tomographic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019370:Observation; D010820:Physicians; D016684:Prone Position; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016683:Supine Position