title: Quality of life after coloanal anastomosis and abdominoperineal resection for distal rectal cancers: sphincter preservation vs quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A permanent colostomy is considered to have an adverse impact on quality of life (QOL). However, functional outcomes following sphincter preservation also affect QOL. Our aim was to determine differences in QOL of patients undergoing coloanal anastomosis (CAA) or abdominoperineal resection (APR) for distal rectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-five patients underwent CAA (72 with intestinal continuity and 13 with a stoma because of complications) and 83 patients underwent APR for a distal rectal cancer between 1995 and 2001 at a single institution and responded to our survey. QOL was evaluated using the EORTC QLQ-C30 and QLQ-CR38.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with CAA were younger than APR patients (mean age 57 vs 62 years, P < 0.001), but gender distribution, tumour stage and proportion of subjects receiving radiotherapy was not significantly different. Patients undergoing CAA had higher scores (better QOL) for physical functioning; lower scores (fewer symptoms) for fatigue, pain, financial difficulties, weight loss and chemotherapy side effects; and higher scores (more symptoms) for constipation and gastrointestinal symptoms compared with APR patients. CAA patients had higher scores (better QOL) for body image in men but not in women. Sexual functioning scores in men and women were lower (worse QOL) in CAA patients compared with APR patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QOL after APR is comparable to sphincter preservation, although there are some differences that need to be considered. QOL and functional results should be taken into account with the oncological outcome when devising management strategy for distal rectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kasparek
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Cima
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gullerud
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Wolff
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000523:psychology; D003106:Colon / Q000601:surgery*; D003125:Colostomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010502:Perineum / Q000601:surgery; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D015431:Weight Loss