title: [New views about the skin].
abstract: As the follow up article to "Introduction to the knowledge of subcutaneous sliding system in humans" published in the "Annales de chirurgie plastique" we further investigate the architecture of the skin and comment on the subcutaneous multifibrillar and microvacuolar arrangements that provide form, mobility, adaptability and resistance to force of gravity. The study aimed to highlight the direct link between the skin and subcutaneous environment in dynamic living tissue. Through high resolution endoscopic observations made during live surgery it is revealed how microvacuoles and microspaces can provide dynamic structure and form during movement between the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. The study reveals intriguing morphodynamics which are necessary to maintain mobility and continuity to neighboring tissues. The polyhedric design of the skin surface directly relates to multifibrillar pillars beneath the skin which dictate their patterning and movement. The concept of tissue continuity is realised by the chaotic and fractal organisation of multifibrils interlaced with cellular components which characteristics alter depending on the state of hydration. Understanding the integral arrangement that provides continuity of all the structures below the skin provides an appreciation to how skin behaves in relation to movement of the rest of the body.
authors.affiliation: Institut Aquitain de la main, Bordeaux-Pessac, France. adf.guimberteau@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Guimberteau
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Delage
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D020405:Dermis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004548:Elasticity; D004817:Epidermis / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012867:Skin / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014617:Vacuoles; D014741:Video Recording