title: Hysteroscopic findings in women with two and with more than two first-trimester miscarriages are not significantly different.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to analyse hysteroscopic results in patients with recurrent miscarriages and to compare the frequency of uterine anomalies in women with a history of exactly two and with more than two consecutive miscarriages. A retrospective analysis of 206 patients undergoing hysteroscopy for repeated early pregnancy losses was performed at two university centres. Late miscarriages were excluded, terminations of pregnancy were not counted. Eighty-seven patients had suffered from exactly two early miscarriages and 119 from more than two. Both groups were comparable with respect to age at admission (32.95+/-4.46 versus 34.06+/-5.02 years) and at first miscarriage (30.43+/-4.24 versus 29.08+/-5.38 years). The prevalence of acquired (adhesions, polyps, fibroids) and congenital uterine anomalies (septate or bicornuate uterus, etc.) did not differ significantly (acquired: 28.7 versus 27.7%; congenital: 9.2 versus 16.8%). The rates of uterine anomalies did not differ significantly overall (36.8 versus 42.9%). In conclusion, uterine anomalies are frequently found in patients with two and with more than two early miscarriages. Due to the high rate of anomalies, their risk for adverse pregnancy outcome and a possible therapeutic approach, hysteroscopy might be a diagnostic option even after two early miscarriages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital of Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany. michael.bohlmann@uk-sh.de
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bohlmann
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Wolff
authors.forename: Doerte W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Luedders
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beuter-Winkler
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diedrich
authors.forename: Amadeus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hornemann
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strowitzki
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies