title: The use of titanium T-plate as platform for globe alignment in severe paralytic and restrictive strabismus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of improved ocular alignment using a suture/T-plate anchoring platform system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, noncomparative, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  setting: Institutional. study population: Seven consecutive patients with large angle deviations attributable to paralytic and/or restrictive strabismus managed jointly by orbital and strabismus surgeons. intervention procedure: The T-plate base is anchored to the orbital rim with the shaft projecting toward the orbital apex to simulate the origin of the affected muscle. A nonabsorbable suture serves as the coupling element linking the muscle insertion to the tip of the T-plate such that the suture coincides with the axis of the dysfunctional muscle and yields a pull vector to simulate the passive tensile force of the muscle. Information analyzed included patient demographics, etiology of strabismus and characteristics, prior muscle surgeries, secondary interventions, subjective appraisal of diplopia, and final ocular alignment measurements. main outcome measures: Subjective appraisal of diplopia, final ocular alignment in primary gaze, and late stability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 7 patients showed marked reduction in ocular deviation with a median change of 33 prism diopters (PD) and a range of 7 to 72 PD. For the 6 patients with medial rectus dysfunction, the final ocular alignment ranged from 6 to 18 PD of residual exotropia in primary gaze. The patient with sixth nerve palsy had 5 PD of residual esotropia. There were no failures after an average of 59.4 months of follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A globe tethering technique using a suture/titanium T-plate anchoring platform system effectively treats refractory cases of paralytic and restrictive strabismus with large angles of deviation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, 900 N.W. 17th St., Miami, FL 33136, USA. dtse@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Erin M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Shriver
authors.forename: Kenneth B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Krantz
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Hilda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Capo
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McKeown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004172:Diplopia / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium