title: Increased expression of elongation factor-1α is significantly correlated with poor prognosis of human prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Overexpression of elongation factor-1α (EF-1α) has been demonstrated to be related to increased cell proliferation, oncogenic transformation and delayed cell senescence. The purpose of this study was to determine whether EF-1α expression affects the progression of prostate cancer (PCa), and whether it can be used as a prognostic marker for PCa.
  
  
  METHODS
  EF-1α was evaluated by immunostaining in paraffin-embedded specimens of prostates obtained from 80 patients with PCa. Correlations of EF-1α with patients' ages, Gleason scores, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stages, International Union Against Cancer (UICC) stages, preoperative prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations and PSA failure were evaluated. Survival in all patients was analysed to evaluate the influence of EF-1α expression in cancer progression using Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive expression rate of EF-1α in PCa tissues [64/80 (80.0%)] was significantly higher than that in normal prostate tissues [1/20 (5.0%)] (p < 0.001). Increased immunostaining of EF-1α was a significant predictor of distant metastasis-free survival [hazard ratio (HR) 0.386, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.032-2.519, p = 0.003] and overall survival (HR 0.305, 95% CI 0.091-0.872, p = 0.005). In multivariate analysis including competing biological variables, EF-1α expression was still significantly linked to distant metastasis-free survival (HR 0.216, 95% CI 0.042-0.876, p = 0.015) and overall survival (HR 0.395, 95% CI 0.116-0.798, p = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings provide convincing evidence for the first time that EF-1α correlates closely with the survival of patients with PCa and may be a novel prognostic marker.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha City, Hunan Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Huaizheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Benyi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Zhongqing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1