Membership status and subjective group dynamics: who triggers the black sheep effect?
In 3 experiments, participants (Ns = 50, 95, and 75, respectively) judged 2 ingroup or outgroup members who occupied 1 of 3 statuses--new members, full members, or marginal members. In each case, 1 of these members adopted a normative position and another supported a deviant position regarding a relevant issue. Participants upgraded normative ingroup full members and derogated deviant ingroup full members compared with all other members. In addition, derogation of deviant ingroup members was associated with a socializing and a punishing intention toward new members and full members, respectively. These results are discussed in terms of the group socialization model (e.g., Levine & Moreland, 1994) and the subjective group dynamics model (e.g., Marques, Paez, & Abrams, 1998).
Pinto
Isabel R
IR
Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal. ipinto@fpce.up.pt
Marques
José M
JM
Levine
John M
JM
Abrams
Dominic
D
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D032763:Behavior Control / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006608:Hierarchy, Social; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010379:Peer Group; D011287:Prejudice; D012919:Social Behavior; D012933:Social Identification; D012951:Socialization; D055815:Young Adult