title: PEP005 (ingenol mebutate) gel for the topical treatment of superficial basal cell carcinoma: results of a randomized phase IIa trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety of two applications of PEP005 (ingenol mebutate) gel in superficial basal cell carcinoma. Efficacy was a secondary end-point.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, vehicle-controlled, phase IIa study conducted at eight private dermatology clinics in Australia. A total of 60 patients with histologically confirmed superficial basal cell carcinoma (lesion size, 4-15 mm) were randomized to treatment on days 1 and 2 (Arm A) or days 1 and 8 (Arm B) and, within each arm, to ingenol mebutate gel, 0.0025%, 0.01% or 0.05%, or vehicle gel. The main outcome measures were the incidence and severity of adverse events and local skin responses in Arms A and B; lesion clearance at day 85 was a secondary measure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of adverse events was low. One patient treated with ingenol mebutate gel, 0.05% in Arm A experienced severe flaking/scaling/dryness extending beyond the application site. Non-severe, potentially treatment-related events included erythema extending beyond the application site, application-site pain and headache in two patients each. Six patients in Arm A had one or more severe local skin responses. Efficacy appeared to be dose-related and there was a trend towards higher clinical and histological lesion clearance rates in Arm A compared with Arm B. Histological clearance occurred in five of eight patients (63%) randomized to ingenol mebutate gel, 0.05% in Arm A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two applications of ingenol mebutate gel, 0.05%, are safe and have efficacy in patients with superficial basal cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Siller Medical Pty Ltd, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. sillermedical@bigpond.com
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Siller
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Welburn
authors.forename: Janelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Katsamas
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ogbourne
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006261:Headache / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced; D012074:Remission Induction; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C486592:3-ingenyl angelate; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D005782:Gels