Frequency of sensitization to common allergens: comparison between Europe and the USA.
BACKGROUND
Previously, contact allergy to formaldehyde and quaternium-15 was found to be more prevalent in the United States than in Europe. No such data have been assessed for other contact allergens.


OBJECTIVE
Determine any differences in frequencies of sensitization to contact allergens in the United States and Europe.


METHODS
Literature study. Comparison of reported frequencies of sensitization to contact allergens routinely tested both in the United States and Europe in recent, large, multicentre studies. Because of the heterogeneity of studies and background parameters, statistical evaluation was not attempted.


RESULTS
Major differences were found only for neomycin (USA 10.0-11.8%, mean 11.4%; Europe 1.2-5.4%, mean 2.6%). Most allergens had somewhat higher prevalence in the United States, with rates versus Europe ranging from 1.3 to 1.9.


CONCLUSIONS
Contact allergy to neomycin is much more prevalent in the United States. Stricter selection of patients for patch testing in United States tertiary referral centres may result in 50% more positive reactions compared to European studies.
de Groot
Anton C
AC
Schipslootweg 5, 8351 HV Wapserveen, The Netherlands. antondegroot@planet.nl
Maibach
Howard I
HI
D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008709:Methenamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D009355:Neomycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D000485:Allergens; D005557:Formaldehyde; C018375:quaternium-15; D009355:Neomycin; D008709:Methenamine