title: 10-Year risk of colorectal cancer: development and validation of a prediction model in middle-aged Japanese men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To estimate an individual's probability of developing colorectal cancer (CRC) may aid health professionals and individuals in improving lifestyle behaviors or deciding the screening regimens. As fewer studies on cancer risk prediction were seen so far, we initially developed an assessment tool with synthesizing key information from a variety of CRC risk factors through a large population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prediction model was derived from 28,115 men in the Japan Public Health Center-based (JPHC) Prospective Study Cohort II (follow-up: 1993-2005), with risk factors selected by Cox proportion hazard regression. 18,256 men in the JPHC Study Cohort I (follow-up: 1995-2005) were used to evaluate the model's performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  543 and 398 CRCs were diagnosed during the follow-up period in Cohorts II and I, respectively. The prediction model, including age, BMI, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and the daily physical activity level, showed modest discrimination ability for CRC (C=0.70; 95% confidential interval, 0.68-0.72) in Cohort II and well calibrated in Cohort I (Hosmer-Lemeshow χ(2)=14.2, P=0.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 10-year CRC risk prediction model may be used to estimate CRC risk in Japanese men. It may also play a role in the promotion of CRC prevention strategies.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Prevention Division, Research Center for Cancer Prevention and Screening, National Cancer Center, 5-1-1 Tsukiji, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Enbo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasazuki
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Norie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Manami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009043:Motor Activity; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology