title: Decompressive craniectomy after intra-arterial thrombolysis: safety and outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data on decompressive craniectomy (DC) after intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT) for treatment of malignant middle cerebral artery (MCA) stroke are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors compared consecutive patients with middle cerebral artery (MCA) strokes who underwent decompressive craniectomy (DC) after IAT with DC patients without prior thrombolysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty of 2395 consecutive patients with acute ischaemic stroke or transient ischaemic attack were treated with DC because of space-occupying oedema 12-72 h after symptom onset. Fifteen patients underwent intra-arterial thrombolysis (IAT) prior to DC. Baseline characteristics did not differ between thrombolysed and non-thrombolysed patients except for lower National Institute of Health Stroke Scale score in non-thrombolysed patients (median National Institute of Health Stroke Scale 17 vs. 14, p=0.033). The outcome at 3 months was favourable (modified Rankin scale 0-3) in seven (47%) thrombolysed patients and in four (27%) non-thrombolysed patients (p=0.45). Mortality and major complications after DC did not differ between the two groups (p>0.05). Older age (p=0.037) and previous hypertension (p=0.047) independently predicted unfavourable outcome in DC patients, but not IAT prior DC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no difference of outcome of patients with DC with or without prior IAT. DC after IAT did not cause any more complications than DC without prior thrombolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse 4, 3010 Bern, Switzerland. urs.fischer@insel.ch
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taussky
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gralla
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Caspar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brekenfeld
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reinert
authors.forename: Niklaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Marie-Luise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mono
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schroth
authors.forename: Heinrich P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Mattle
authors.forename: Krassen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nedeltchev
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D056424:Decompressive Craniectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome