title: Histological and ultrastructural evaluation of the early healing of the lateral collateral ligament epiligament tissue in a rat knee model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we evaluated the changes which occurred in the epiligament, an enveloping tissue of the ligament, during the ligament healing. We assessed the association of epiligament elements that could be involved in ligament healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two 8-month old male Wistar rats were used in this study. In twenty-four of them the lateral collateral ligament of the knee joint was surgically transected and was allowed to heal spontaneously. The evaluation of the epiligament healing included light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the eight, sixteenth and thirtieth day after injury, the animals were sacrificed and the ligaments were examined. Our results revealed that on the eight and sixteenth day post-injury the epiligament tissue is not completely regenerated. Till the thirtieth day after injury the epiligament is similar to normal, but not fully restored.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study offered a more complete description of the epiligament healing process and defined its important role in ligament healing. Thus, we provided a base for new strategies in ligament treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Medical University Sofia, Bulgaria. georgievgp@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Georgi P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Georgiev
authors.forename: Nikolai K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Vidinov
authors.forename: Plamen S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kinov
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D015388:Organelles / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I