title: Relationship of body mass index in young adulthood and health-related quality of life two decades later: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The expanding overweight and obesity epidemic notwithstanding, little is known about their long-term effect on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The main objective of this study was to investigate whether overweight (body mass index (BMI) 25 to <30 kg m(-2)) and obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg m(-2)) young adults have poorer HRQoL 20 years later.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 3014 participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a longitudinal, community-dwelling, biracial cohort from four cities. BMI was measured at baseline and 20 years later. HRQoL was assessed by the Physical Component Summary (PCS) and the Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores of the Medical Outcomes Study 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey at year 20. Higher PCS or MCS scores indicate better HRQoL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean year 20 PCS score was 52.2 for normal weight participants at baseline, 50.3 for overweight and 46.4 for obese (P-trend <0.001). This relation persisted after adjustment for baseline demographics, general health, and physical and behavioral risk factors and after further adjustment for 20-year changes in risk factors. No association was observed for MCS scores (P-trend 0.43).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overweight and obesity in early adulthood are adversely associated with self-reported physical HRQoL, but not mental HRQoL 20 years later.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Oakland University, Rochester, MI 48309, USA. kozak@oakland.edu
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Kozak
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Daviglus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Kiefe
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011788:Quality of Life; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult