title: Back disorders among Israeli youth: a prevalence study in young military recruits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Back problems are reported with increasing frequency in adults and adolescents. Most information is from self-reported questionnaires or studies with small sample sizes. Reports were usually focused on specific diseases and biased toward overdiagnosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of common back disorders among a large cohort of 17-year-old males and females recruited by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cross-sectional prevalence study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen-year-old Israeli male and female military recruits reporting as directed by the IDF for preinduction medical examination between January 01, 1998 and December 31, 2006.
  
  
  METHODS
  Military functional limitation Grades 1 to 7 per diagnosis category.
  
  
  METHODS
  Military recruits were examined and classified based on medical and orthopedic diagnoses. They were referred for orthopedic consultation as necessary. Four orthopedic classifications were used: spinal deformity (including kyphosis and scoliosis), back pain (including neck and radicular syndromes), spondylolysis/olisthesis, and limitations resulting from trauma or spinal surgery. Data were coded into a central database, and descriptive statistics are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of back disorders among 828,171 17-year-old military recruits (61.5% male) was 16.8%. Back disorders resulting in significant functional limitation were diagnosed in 0.8% of recruits. The most prevalent diagnoses were spinal deformities (kyphosis and scoliosis, females 11.9%, males 11.5%) and back pain (females 3.0%, males 5.6%). Most of these diagnoses were rated as mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When using objective criteria, overall back disorders in a large population of 17-year-old recruits were 17%, considerably lower than most reports. Back morbidity severe enough to prevent combat duty occurred at a rate of less than 1%, suggesting that serious back morbidity is not a frequent finding in this age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Symptom prevalence study, Level III.
authors.affiliation: Israel Defense Force Medical Corps, HQ Military POB 02149, Israel.
authors.forename: Yosefa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bar-Dayan
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morad
authors.forename: Keren Politi
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Elishkevitz
authors.forename: Yaron
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bar-Dayan
authors.forename: Aharon S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Finestone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001416:Back Pain / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*