title: Factors for maxillary sinus volume and craniofacial anatomical features in adults with chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the volume of the maxillary sinus, dental factors, and craniofacial anatomical features between control subjects and patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and to investigate critical factors for the volumetric change in the maxillary sinus in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-nine individuals who visited an allergy and sinus center: 52 control subjects (septal deviation; mean age, 32.69 years) and 47 patients with CRS (mean age, 44.43 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cephalometry and computed tomography were performed in all the participants. In blinded tests, dentists investigated the dental status of both groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maxillary sinus: bone thickness and volume on computed tomography; craniofacial anatomical features: linear and angular variables in lateral cephalometry; and dental evaluation: malocclusion class, teeth status, and alveolar bone height.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bony wall thickness of the maxillary sinus significantly increased in patients with CRS (P < .001) but showed no relationship with maxillary sinus volume. Maxillary sinus volume significantly decreased in patients with CRS (P = .001). Age and alveolar bone height had a negative effect on maxillary sinus volume in both groups. Abnormal teeth had no relationship with maxillary sinus volume in both groups but showed a negative effect on alveolar bone height in the CRS group (P = .02). Class II malocclusion associated with anterior movement of the maxilla significantly increased in the CRS group (P = .006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regardless of CRS, maxillary sinus volume decreased with older age and increased with alveolar bone loss. Regarding craniofacial anatomical features, CRS may have an effect on malocclusion in adults.
authors.affiliation: DDS, Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Dentistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 17 Haengdang-dong, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-792, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seok Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Tae Heon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung Rae
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Kyun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Jung
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Chang-Joo
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyung-Gyun
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000473:pathology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology*; D009929:Organ Size; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000473:pathology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000473:pathology*; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed