title: Genotoxic effects of nickel, trivalent and hexavalent chromium on the Eisenia fetida earthworm.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine genotoxic effects of nickel (Ni=105 mg kg(-1)), trivalent and hexavalent chromium (Cr=491 mg kg(-1)) on the Eisenia fetida earthworm after 2 and 4d of exposure to two different spiked soils (an artificial (OECD) and a natural one). DNA damages were evaluated on the earthworm's coelomocytes using the comet assay. After an exposure into OECD spiked soils, Ni did not induce genotoxic effect whereas Cr(III) and Cr(VI) revealed to be genotoxic after 2d of exposure. After 4d of exposure, only Cr(VI) still induced significant damages. In natural spiked soils, nickel and Cr(III) revealed to be genotoxic after 2 and 4d of exposure. Concerning Cr(VI) toxicity, all the earthworms died after 1d of exposure. These results underline the importance to take into account the nature and the speciation of metallic pollutants, although the experiment has been performed on spiked soil with higher bioavailibity than in contaminated natural soil.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Interactions Ecotoxicité, Biodiversité, Ecosystèmes, Université Paul Verlaine-Metz, CNRS UMR 7146, Rue du Général Delestraint, 57070 Metz, France. emilie.bigorgne@umail.univ-metz.fr
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bigorgne
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cossu-Leguille
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonnard
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nahmani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002857:Chromium / Q000633:toxicity*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D009532:Nickel / Q000633:toxicity*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion; D009532:Nickel