Biological activities of aqueous and organic extracts from tropical marine sponges.
We report on screening tests of 66 extracts obtained from 35 marine sponge species from the Caribbean Sea (Curaçao) and from eight species from the Great Barrier Reef (Lizard Island). Extracts were prepared in aqueous and organic solvents and were tested for hemolytic, hemagglutinating, antibacterial and anti-acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities, as well as their ability to inhibit or activate cell protein phosphatase 1 (PP1). The most interesting activities were obtained from extracts of Ircinia felix, Pandaros acanthifolium, Topsentia ophiraphidites, Verongula rigida and Neofibularia nolitangere. Aqueous and organic extracts of I. felix and V. rigida showed strong antibacterial activity. Topsentia aqueous and some organic extracts were strongly hemolytic, as were all organic extracts from I. felix. The strongest hemolytic activity was observed in aqueous extracts from P. acanthifolium. Organic extracts of N. nolitangere and I. felix inhibited PP1. The aqueous extract from Myrmekioderma styx possessed the strongest hemagglutinating activity, whilst AChE inhibiting activity was found only in a few sponges and was generally weak, except in the methanolic extract of T. ophiraphidites.
Sepcić
Kristina
K
Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Kauferstein
Silke
S
Mebs
Dietrich
D
Turk
Tom
T
D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001315:Australia; D017691:Caribbean Region; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D053878:Hemolytic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D053878:Hemolytic Agents; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1