title: The gold compound auranofin induces apoptosis of human multiple myeloma cells through both down-regulation of STAT3 and inhibition of NF-κB activity.
abstract: Constitutive activation of NF-κB and STAT3 plays an important role in the cellular proliferation and survival of multiple myeloma cells. We first found that auranofin (AF), a coordinated gold compound, induced a significant level of cell cycle arrest at G1 phase and subsequent apoptosis of myeloma cells. Further, AF inhibited constitutive and IL-6-induced activation of JAK2 and phosphorylation of STAT3 followed by the decreased expression of Mcl-1. AF down-regulated the activation of NF-κB, and the combination of AF and a specific NF-κB inhibitor resulted in a marked decrease of Mcl-1 expression. These results suggest that AF inhibits both IL-6 induced-JAK/STAT pathway and NF-κB activation in myeloma cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakaya
authors.forename: Morihiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagawa
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kizaki
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001310:Auranofin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000378:metabolism*; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D064549:Myeloid Cell Leukemia Sequence 1 Protein; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D001310:Auranofin