title: The bacterial diversity in a Brazilian non-disturbed mangrove sediment.
abstract: The bacterial diversity present in sediments of a well-preserved mangrove in Ilha do Cardoso, located in the extreme south of São Paulo State coastline, Brazil, was assessed using culture-independent molecular approaches (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and analysis of 166 sequences from a clone library). The data revealed a bacterial community dominated by Alphaproteobacteria (40.36% of clones), Gammaproteobacteria (19.28% of clones) and Acidobacteria (27.71% of clones), while minor components of the assemblage were affiliated to Betaproteobacteria, Deltaproteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes. The clustering and redundancy analysis (RDA) based on DGGE were used to determine factors that modulate the diversity of bacterial communities in mangroves, such as depth, seasonal fluctuations, and locations over a transect area from the sea to the land. Profiles of specific DGGE gels showed that both dominant ('universal' Bacteria and Alphaproteobacteria) and low-density bacterial communities (Betaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria) are responsive to shifts in environmental factors. The location within the mangrove was determinant for all fractions of the community studied, whereas season was significant for Bacteria, Alphaproteobacteria, and Betaproteobacteria and sample depth determined the diversity of Alphaproteobacteria and Actinobacteria.
authors.affiliation: Center of Biotechnological Researches, ICB-IV, University of São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Armando C F
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Fernando D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Andreote
authors.forename: Janaina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rigonato
authors.forename: Marli Fátima
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fiore
authors.forename: Itamar S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: Welington Luiz
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Araújo
mesh_terms: D039903:Actinobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D020561:Alphaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D041963:Bacteroidetes / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D001482:Base Composition; D020562:Betaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D044822:Biodiversity; D001938:Brazil; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020564:Deltaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D017753:Ecosystem; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D014644:Genetic Variation; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D043982:Rhizophoraceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D012623:Seawater; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S