title: Effectiveness of percutaneous vesico-amniotic shunting in congenital lower urinary tract obstruction: divergence in prior beliefs among specialist groups.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the prior beliefs regarding the effectiveness of percutaneous vesico-amniotic shunting in congenital lower urinary tract obstruction among different clinical specialist groups involved in caring for this condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire survey of experts in the field based on principles of Bayesian elicitation of prior beliefs. The sample was 59 consultants in three specialties. Of these, 37 (63%) were subspecialty trained fetal medicine practitioners, 16 (27%) were paediatric nephrologists and 6 (10%) were paediatric urologists. The questionnaire elicited experts' opinions as to: control arm perinatal mortality, effect of vesico-amniotic shunting on perinatal mortality, current clinical practice and the level of evidence required to change current practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rates were 28% for fetal medicine specialists, 29% for paediatric nephrolgists and 10% for paediatric urologists. The median belief for fetal medicine specialists was a 10% (inter-quartile range, IQR 0-20%) reduction in perinatal mortality with shunting and a mean control arm perinatal mortality of 61%. For paediatric nephrologists the results were 5% (IQR -10 to 15%) and 18% and for paediatric urologists 10% (IQR 0-15%) and 17%. Fetal medicine specialists had the most optimistic beliefs regarding effect of shunting on perinatal mortality. Thirty-eight experts (68%) indicated that vesico-amniotic shunting would most likely reduce morbidity associated with renal dysfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prior beliefs show a divergence of opinion among specialists. This establishes clinical equipoise, which should be resolved with a randomised trial.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Population Sciences, College of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: R Katie
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Daniels
authors.forename: Khalid S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lilford
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kilby
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010820:Physicians; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000151:congenital* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*