Clinical impact of dose reductions and interruptions of second-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia.
Second (2nd)-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) (dasatinib, nilotinib) are effective in patients with all phases of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). Dose reductions and treatment interruptions are frequently required due to toxicity, but their significance is unknown. We analysed the impact of dose reductions/interruptions and dose intensity of 2nd-generation TKI on response and survival. A total of 280 patients with CML (all phases) were analysed. Dose reductions were considered when the daily dose was below the standard dose. Dose intensity was determined based on the percentage of the ideal dose intensity. Overall, 176 patients (63%) required treatment interruptions and/or dose reduction at least once during therapy. Dose reductions/interruptions, analysed as a time-dependent covariate, were associated with worse failure-free survival only in patients with untreated CML. Dose intensity analysis did not reveal a worse response or survival in patients who received a lower dose intensity (<100%) during therapy or during the first 6 months. In conclusion, dose reductions and treatment interruptions of 2nd generation TKI in patients with CML have a minimal impact in the response rate and survival of these patients. Further studies are required to determine whether there might be a minimum adequate dose of these agents.
Santos
Fabio P S
FP
Department of Leukemia, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Kantarjian
Hagop
H
Fava
Carmen
C
O'Brien
Susan
S
Garcia-Manero
Guillermo
G
Ravandi
Farhad
F
Wierda
William
W
Thomas
Deborah
D
Shan
Jianquin
J
Cortes
Jorge
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000069439:Dasatinib; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013844:Thiazoles; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C498826:nilotinib; D000069439:Dasatinib