title: [Human papillomavirus: prevalence and genotypes found among HIV-positive and negative women at a reference center in the far south of Brazil].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was detect the presence of human papillomavirus and investigate the prevalence and distribution of the HPV-6, 11, 16 and 18 genotypes among HIV-1 positive and negative women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of cervical smears from 98 women were analyzed using the nested polymerase chain reaction for the presence of HPV and using the type-specific technique for genotype detection. Genotypes were confirmed by means of restriction fragment analysis. The chi-square and Fisher tests were performed for the statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV-DNA was observed in 66.3% of the samples analyzed: 76.4% in the HIV-positive group and 60% in the HIV-negative group (p = 0.1). Higher prevalence of viral infection due to oncogenic genotypes was observed in the HIV-positive group (65.2%) than in the HIV-negative group (28.6%), (p = 0.006), and HPV-16 was the most frequent in the two groups, followed by HPV-18.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that HIV-positive women present a higher likelihood of infection by oncogenic HPV genotypes, and the importance of a screening and differential diagnosis program for this group is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. ludmila.entiauspe@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ludmila Gonçalves
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Entiauspe
authors.forename: Lisiane Ortiz
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Raul Andrés
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Sassi
authors.forename: Carla Vitola
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Ana Maria Barral de
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D052685:Alphapapillomavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001938:Brazil; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral