title: Effects of aging and calorie restriction on white matter in rhesus macaques.
abstract: Rhesus macaques on a calorie restricted diet (CR) develop less age-related disease, have virtually no indication of diabetes, are protected against sarcopenia, and potentially live longer. Beneficial effects of caloric restriction likely include reductions in age-related inflammation and oxidative damage. Oligodendrocytes are particularly susceptible to inflammation and oxidative stress, therefore, we hypothesized that CR would have a beneficial effect on brain white matter and would attenuate age-related decline in this tissue. CR monkeys and controls underwent diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). A beneficial effect of CR indexed by DTI was observed in superior longitudinal fasciculus, fronto-occipital fasciculus, external capsule, and brainstem. Aging effects were observed in several regions, although CR appeared to attenuate age-related alterations in superior longitudinal fasciculus, frontal white matter, external capsule, right parahippocampal white matter, and dorsal occipital bundle. The results, however, were regionally specific and also suggested that CR is not salutary across all white matter. Further evaluation of this unique cohort of elderly primates to mortality will shed light on the ultimate benefits of an adult-onset, moderate CR diet for deferring brain aging.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Research Educational and Clinical Center, Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA.
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Bendlin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Canu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Willette
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Kastman
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McLaren
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kosmatka
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Field
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Colman
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Coe
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Weindruch
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D031204:Caloric Restriction / Q000379:methods*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology