title: Carotid distension and distensibility impairment in individuals affected by familial combined hyperlipidemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether individuals affected by familial combined hyperlipidemia, a common lipid disorder increasing the cardiovascular risk, had different carotid ultrasound parameters compared to control subjects without this family disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  127 cases and 127 controls matched for age and gender were enrolled. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglycerides, ApoB, insulinemia were measured by standard laboratory techniques. All the subjects underwent B-mode ultrasonography to measure the end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter of the common carotid artery and, successively, to calculate distensibility, compliance, Young's elastic modulus and distension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Carotid diameter and Young's elastic modulus were significantly greater among FCH subjects than among controls, and carotid distensibility, compliance, distension and score distension were significantly lower than control, also after analysis of covariance in order to adjust all the carotid indexes for confounding variables. A multiple regression analysis confirmed that familial combined hyperlipidemia status was correlated to carotid indexes. In a model including the lipid parameters, triglycerides was the only lipid variable correlated with distensibility but not with distension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This hyperlipidemia, particularly hypertriglyceridemia, could be the direct responsibility of carotid modification leading to the impairment of the distension/distensibility that, in turn, makes the patients prone to atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Italy. tmontalcini@unicz.it
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Montalcini
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gorgone
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gazzaruso
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pujia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003187:Compliance; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol