title: Hypertension and hypercholesterolemia aggregate in nondiabetic children and adolescents with higher fasting plasma glucose levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate how hypertension and hypercholesterolemia aggregate at different fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels in children aged 6-16 yr.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a nationwide survey conducted between 1992 and 2000, all schoolchildren aged 6-18 yr with abnormal results in repeated urine samples were included. In this study, we recruited 27 535 students aged 6- to 16-yr whose FPG levels were 90-125 mg/dL. Another 17 907 children were randomly selected as control from schoolchildren with FPG <90 mg/dL by stratification to reflect the age- and sex-specific proportion of the whole student population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of having hypertension or hypercholesterolemia increased at FPG level above 90 mg/dL compared with children with FPG <90 mg/dL [6-10 yr, odd ratios (OR) = 1.51 and 1.82 for FPG 90-99 and 100-125 mg/dL for girls, OR = 1.35 and 2.03 for FPG 90-99 and 100-125 mg/dL for boys; 10-16 yr, OR = 1.24 and 1.66 for FPG 90-99 and 100-125 mg/dL for girls, OR = 1.17 and 1.41 for FPG 90-99 and 100-125 mg/dL for boys, all p < 0.05]. The risk of having both hypertension and hypercholesterolemia elevated at FPG 100-125 mg/dL (6-10 yr, OR = 2.76 for girls and 2.75 for boys; 10-16 yr, OR = 2.19 for girls and 1.74 for boys, all p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aggregation of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and abnormal glycemia was found at FPG level above 100 mg/dL, which supported the definition of abnormal glycemia in metabolic syndrome by the International Diabetes Federation in 10- to 16-yr-old children. These findings also suggest that this FPG cutoff is reasonable for 6- to 10-yr-old children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jung-Nan
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Wen-Ya
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Fung-Chang
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Mao-Shin
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chuan-Chi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Lee-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood; D016017:Odds Ratio; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose