title: Immune factors in human embryo culture and their significance.
abstract: There is increasing evidence that human development before implantation is regulated by embryonically and maternally derived growth factors. The "regulators" of embryonic origin such as soluble human leukocyte antigen G, platelet-activating factor, Th1/Th2 cytokines, insulin-like growth factor, epidermal growth factor, transforming growth factor alpha, colony-stimulating factor, platelet-derived growth factor may be used as indicators of embryo viability and implantation potential. The data prove the influence of growth factors on the development and growth of preimplantation embryos. Though there is a lot of research in the field of biomarkers during folliculogenesis and maternal-fetal interface, only few of them deal with regulators derived from embryonic cells to the cultivation medium. The aim of our study was to summarize the research dealing with immune markers produced by embryos in vitro and to estimate their impact on the cell growth, viability and implantation potential.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania. c.zivile@gmail.com
authors.forename: Zivile
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cerkiene
authors.forename: Audrone
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eidukaite
authors.forename: Audrone
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Usoniene
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors / Q000502:physiology; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D047108:Embryonic Development; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005328:Fetal Viability; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000502:physiology*; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003115:Colony-Stimulating Factors; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D013002:Somatomedins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D015291:Transforming Growth Factors