title: Effectiveness of Topical Chia Seed Oil on Pruritus of End-stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Patients and Healthy Volunteers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have been performed to evaluate the efficacy of dietary n-3 fatty acid for patients with renal dysfunction. While about 40% to 80% of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) complain about pruritus and xerosis, there are few reports on the effects of topical n-3 fatty acid on these symptoms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In order to investigate the possible beneficial effects of topical n-3 fatty acid, oils extracted from chia (Salvia hispanica) seed were formulated into topical products, the effects of which were measured.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five healthy volunteers having xerotic pruritus symptoms and 5 patients with pruritus caused by either ESRD or diabetes were involved in this study. A topical formulation containing 4% chia seed oils were applied for an 8-week duration. Subjective itching symptoms were assessed on a 6-point scale, as were other skin functions, namely transepidermal water loss and skin capacitance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the 8 weeks of application, significant improvements in skin hydration, lichen simplex chronicus, and prurigo nodularis were observed in all patients. A similar improvement was also observed among healthy volunteers with xerotic pruritus. Improvement of epidermal permeability barrier function and skin hydration, represented by trans-epidermal water loss and skin capacitance, respectively, were also observed. No adverse effects were observed in all the tested patients and volunteers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chia seed oil can be used as an adjuvant moisturizing agent for pruritic skin, including that of ESRD patients.
authors.affiliation: Research Division, NeoPharm Co., Ltd., Daejeon, Korea.
authors.forename: Se Kyoo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Byeong Deog
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Il-Hwan
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim