title: Arterial stiffness is associated with low thigh muscle mass in middle-aged to elderly men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sarcopenia of legs is an important cause of physical dysfunctions, frailty and dependence. Many predisposing and underlying mechanisms of sarcopenia, including age, sedentary life style, oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and low testosterone levels, are also known to be related to atherosclerosis, which is another leading cause of morbidity and mortality in elderly subjects. In this study, we investigated our hypothesis that sarcopenia and atherosclerosis are associated with each other to facilitate mutual abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study was performed in apparently healthy 496 middle-aged to elderly persons recruited consecutively among the visitors to the medical check-up program, Anti-Aging Doc, in a University hospital, from March 2006 to December 2007. Mid-thigh muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured by computed tomography and corrected by body weight (CSA/BW). Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thigh muscle CSA/BW was significantly and negatively associated with carotid IMT and baPWV in men but not in women. After correction for other confounding parameters, baPWV was an independent risk for the presence of sarcopenia in men (odds ratio of 1 m/s increase of baPWV=1.14, 95% CI=1.01-1.30, p<0.05) in addition to age, body height, low physical activity, free testosterone level. Conversely, thigh muscle CSA/BW was an independent determinant of baPWV (beta=-0.15, p<0.01) in addition to age, blood pressure, triglyceride, and antihypertensive drug use in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arterial stiffness is related to thigh muscle volume in men. Sarcopenia and atherosclerosis may share a common pathway and interact with each other to facilitate mutual abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ehime Graduate School of Medicine, Toon City, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohara
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabara
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uetani
authors.forename: Namiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Michiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igase
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D001158:Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009929:Organ Size; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013848:Thigh; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography