title: Cardiac glycosides from Antiaris toxicaria with potent cardiotonic activity.
abstract: An ethanolic extract of Antiaris toxicaria trunk bark showed potent in vitro cardiotonic effect on isolated guinea pig atria. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract led to identification of nine new cardiac glycosides (1-9, named antiarosides A-I), antiarotoxinin A (10), and 18 known compounds. Their structures were established using MS and NMR spectroscopic studies, including homonuclear and heteronuclear correlation experiments. The ability of these cardiotonic compounds to produce positive inotropic action and their safety indexes were examined in comparison with those of ouabain, a classical inhibitor of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. Malayoside (23) was nearly equipotent and had a similar safety index to ouabain in guinea pig atria. However, the maximal positive inotropic effect and safety index of 23 in papillary muscle were better than those of ouabain. An electrophysiological recording showed that 23 inhibited the sodium pump current in a concentration-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Li-Shian
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yu-Ren
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ming-Jai
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: An-Sheng
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ping-Chung
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Amooru G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Damu
authors.forename: Sheng-Chu
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Han-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Kuo-Hsiung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tian-Shung
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031621:Antiaris / Q000737:chemistry*; D002301:Cardiac Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D002301:Cardiac Glycosides; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010042:Ouabain; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase