title: Oda16/Wdr69 is essential for axonemal dynein assembly and ciliary motility during zebrafish embryogenesis.
abstract: In the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Oda16 functions during ciliary assembly as an adaptor for intraflagellar transport of outer arm dynein. Oda16 orthologs only occur in genomes of organisms that use motile cilia; however, such cilia play multiple roles during vertebrate development and the contribution of Oda16 to their assembly remains unexplored. We demonstrate that the zebrafish Oda16 ortholog (Wdr69) is expressed in organs with motile cilia and retains a role in dynein assembly. Antisense morpholino knockdown of Wdr69 disrupts ciliary motility and results in multiple phenotypes associated with vertebrate ciliopathies. Affected cilia included those in Kupffer's vesicle, where Wdr69 plays a role in generation of asymmetric fluid flow and establishment of organ laterality, and otic vesicles, where Wdr69 is needed to develop normal numbers of otoliths. Analysis of cilium ultrastructure revealed loss of outer dynein arms in morphant embryos. These results support a remarkable level of functional conservation for Oda16/Wdr69.
authors.affiliation: State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA.
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Guangliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Amack
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056444:Axonemal Dyneins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002465:Cell Movement; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D047108:Embryonic Development; D010037:Otolithic Membrane / Q000254:growth & development; D015027:Zebrafish; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C553596:daw1 protein, zebrafish; D056444:Axonemal Dyneins