title: Improved function and myocardial repair of infarcted heart by intracoronary injection of mesenchymal stem cell-derived growth factors.
abstract: Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) improves repair and function recovery following myocardial infarction (MI), but underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. We hypothesize that MSC could achieve protection by paracrine effects through released mediators rather than direct cardiac regeneration. We sought to characterize the effects of MSC-secreted growth factors on extent of early recovery from MI. Swine subjected to acute MI by temporary balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery using percutaneous techniques received intracoronary injection of either concentrated MSC-derived growth factors or control medium. Animals were killed at 7 days to evaluate early effects. Treatment with MSC-derived factors significantly reduced cardiac troponin-T elevation and improved echocardiographic parameters, including fractional area shortening, stroke volume, cardiac output, and wall motion score index. Quantitative evaluation of fibrosis by Verhoff staining revealed a reduction of the fibrotic area in the infarcted zone. Similarly, Masson's trichrome staining revealed reduced myocardial damage as demonstrated by areas of relatively preserved myocardium in the infarcted area. TUNEL assay demonstrated less cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Protein array detected the presence of angiogenic (vascular endothelial growth factor, endothelin, and epiregulin), anti-apoptotic (Galectin-3, Smad-5, sRFP-1, and sRFP-4) and anti-remodeling factors. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction confirmed the expression of these factors. In summary, a single intracoronary injection of concentrated biologically active factors secreted by MSC could achieve early protection of ischemic myocardium and improve cardiac repair and contractility. MSC-derived growth factors injection (rather than MSC themselves) should be evaluated as a novel therapy to treat ischemic heart disease, avoiding many practical and technical issues of cell therapy.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Surgery, Montreal University Hospital Centre (CHUM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Ba-Khoi
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maltais
authors.forename: Louis P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Perrault
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Tanguay
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tardif
authors.forename: Louis-Mathieu
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Mélanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borie
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Harel
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Noiseux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001688:Biological Products / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005355:Fibrosis; D007267:Injections; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D019899:Paracrine Communication; D012038:Regeneration; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D015415:Biomarkers; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020107:Troponin T