title: Irreducible 'ulled elbow' report of two cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Subluxation of the radial head is a common injury in young children. It occurs after longitudinal traction on the extended arm with the forearm in pronation. Diagnosis is made from history and clinical presentation. Closed reduction achieved by supination and flexion or by hyperpronating the affected arm can usually restore normal anatomy satisfactorily. Rarely, it requires open reduction. There are very few cases in the literature that have required open reduction and no article shows intraoperative photographs. We present two cases of delayed diagnosis owing to an atypical clinical history that required open reduction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hospital Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain. fernando.corella@gmail.com
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corella
authors.forename: Lissete
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Horna
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soleto
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008349:Manipulation, Orthopedic / Q000379:methods*; D011403:Pronation; D011884:Radius / Q000293:injuries*; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D013484:Supination / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000092464:Elbow Injuries