title: Testing and validation of a low-cost cystoscopy teaching model: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate whether the use of a low-cost cystoscopy model effectively trains residents in cystourethroscopy and to validate the model as a teaching tool.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled, and evaluator-blinded study was performed. Twenty-nine obstetrician-gynecologist residents had access to fresh-frozen cadavers on which baseline cystoscopic skills were assessed using the validated Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skills checklists for cystourethroscopy. Subsequently, residents were randomized to one of two arms, a didactic study arm using the cystoscopy model and a control arm. Repeated technical skills testing was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group demonstrated statistically significant decreases in cystoscope assembly time (128.8 seconds at baseline to 54.9 seconds postintervention; P=.005), and increases in task-specific checklist scores (from 59.3 at baseline to 92.9 postintervention; P<.001) and in global rating scale scores (from 61.0 at baseline to 87.8 postintervention; P<.001). Further, there was a significant improvement in task-specific checklist (P<.001), global rating scale (P=.002), and knowledge quiz scores (P=.011) in the study arm compared with the control arm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of the bladder model exhibited validity in enhancing performance and knowledge of cystourethroscopy among ob-gyn residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  I.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Women's Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, and the Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: C Bryce
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bowling
authors.forename: W Jerod
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: Shannon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gleason
authors.forename: Jeff M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Szychowski
authors.forename: R Edward
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Varner
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Holley
authors.forename: Holly E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Richter
mesh_terms: D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology / Q000193:education; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000193:education*; D013664:Teaching Materials / Q000191:economics