title: High expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor in peritumoral liver tissue is associated with poor outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma after curative resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF-1R) expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its prognostic values are unclear. This study evaluated the prognostic values of the intratumoral and peritumoral expression of CSF-1R in HCC patients after curative resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue microarrays containing material from cohort 1 (105 patients) and cohort 2 (32 patients) were constructed. Immunohistochemistry was performed and prognostic values of these and other clinicopathological data were evaluated. The CSF-1R mRNA level was assessed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in cohort 3 (52 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the CSF-1R density and its mRNA level were significantly higher in peritumoral liver tissue than in the corresponding tumor tissue. CSF-1R was distributed in a gradient in the long-distance peritumoral tissue microarray, with its density decreasing as the distance from the tumor margin increased. High peritumoral CSF-1R was significantly associated with more intrahepatic metastases and poorer survival. Peritumoral CSF-1R was an independent prognostic factor for both overall survival and time to recurrence and affected the incidence of early recurrence. However, intratumoral CSF-1R did not correlate with any clinicopathological feature. Peritumoral CSF-1R was also associated with both overall survival and time to recurrence in a subgroup with small HCCs (< or =5 cm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peritumoral CSF-1R is associated with intrahepatic metastasis, tumor recurrence, and patient survival after hepatectomy, highlighting the critical role of the peritumoral liver milieu in HCC progression. CSF-1R may become a potential therapeutic target for postoperative adjuvant treatment.
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
authors.forename: Jin-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Wen-Quan
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hui-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiao-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Peng-Yuan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Ju-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hua-Xiang
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ling-Qun
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Wei-Zhong
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhao-You
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor