title: Accelerated partial breast irradiation using multicatheter brachytherapy for select early-stage breast cancer: local control and toxicity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the efficacy and safety of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) via high-dose-rate (HDR) multicatheter interstitial brachytherapy for early-stage breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2002 and 2006, 48 prospectively selected patients with early-stage breast cancer received APBI using multicatheter brachytherapy following breast-conserving surgery. Their median age was 52 years (range 36-78). A median of 34 Gy (range 30-34) in 10 fractions given twice daily within 5 days was delivered to the tumor bed plus a 1-2 cm margin. Most (92%) patients received adjuvant systemic treatments. The median follow-up was 53 months (range 36-95). Actuarial local control rate was estimated from surgery using Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Local recurrence occurred in two patients. Both were true recurrence/marginal miss and developed in patients with close (< 0.2 cm) surgical margin after 33 and 40 months. The 5-year actuarial local recurrence rate was 4.6%. No regional or distant relapse and death has occurred to date. Late Grade 1 or 2 late skin and subcutaneous toxicity was seen in 11 (22.9%) and 26 (54.2%) patients, respectively. The volumes receiving 100% and 150% of the prescribed dose were significantly higher in the patients with late subcutaneous toxicity (p = 0.018 and 0.034, respectively). Cosmesis was excellent to good in 89.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  APBI using HDR multicatheter brachytherapy yielded local control, toxicity, and cosmesis comparable to those of conventional whole breast irradiation for select early-stage breast cancer. Patients with close resection margins may be ineligible for APBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea. md6630@daum.net
authors.forename: Seung-Gu
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Juree
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Geum-Hee
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyeongmee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Seok
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sehwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002404:Catheterization; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome