title: Congenital toxoplasmosis transmitted by human immunodeficiency-virus infected women.
abstract: We report the occurrence of congenital toxoplasmosis in three infants born to HIV infected women who had high anti-toxoplasma IgG and negative IgM during pregnancy. We briefly reviewed available literature and discussed the possible transmission mechanisms of congenital toxoplasmosis among HIV infected pregnant women. Serum samples were tested for Toxoplasma gondii IgM and IgG antibodies using commercial enzyme immunoassay and IgG-avidity tests. In the first case, fetal death occurred at 28th week of gestation. In the second case, congenital toxoplasmosis was diagnosis at 6th month of life; and in the third case, an HIV-infected newborn, congenital toxoplasmosis was asymptomatic. These cases point out to the possibility of enhanced maternal-fetal transmission of T. gondii infection by HIV-infected women chronically infected, which may have important public health consequences, considering that increasing frequency of HIV-infection has been observed among women of childbearing age around the world.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro, Rua Marquês do Paraná 303, Niterói, RJ, Brazil. kmlazevedo@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Kátia Martins Lopes de
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Azevedo
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Setúbal
authors.forename: Vania Gloria Silami
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Luiz Antônio Bastos
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Camacho
authors.forename: Solange Artimos de
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000915:Antibody Affinity / Q000276:immunology; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000276:immunology*; D014125:Toxoplasmosis, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000635:transmission
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M