title: Sentinel lymph node biopsy for papillary thyroid cancer: 12 years of experience at a single institution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to report our experience with sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) for papillary thyroid carcinoma, to evaluate the feasibility and safety of the procedure, and to examine its potential utility as a guide for central neck dissection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review of patients undergoing total thyroidectomy from January 1998 thru January 2010 was conducted. Intratumoral injection of blue dye was used to identify the SLN. Central neck dissection (CND) was performed if the SLN was positive on frozen section. Locally advanced disease, previous thyroid surgery, or lymphadenopathy on preoperative imaging or intraoperative palpation were exclusion criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 211 patients underwent SLN mapping. Of these, 165 patients (78%) were female and 46 (22%) were male. Also, 75 (36%) were ≤45 years of age, and 136 (64%) were older than 45. Tumors were ≤2.0 cm (T1) in 142 patients (67%), 2-4 cm (T2) in 35 patients (17%), >4 cm with minimal invasion (T3) in 32 patients (15%), and locally invasive (T4) in 2 patients (1%). At least 1 blue node was found in 192 patients (91%). Also, 47 patients had a positive SLN on frozen section, with an additional 24 node-positive patients on permanent section, for a total of 71 (37%). There were 43 patients (91%) who underwent central neck dissection; 26 (60%) had additional metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sentinel lymphadenectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma is feasible, safe, and can identify patients who may benefit from central neck dissection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute, Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Roderick R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Frederick R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Andre R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Van Herle
authors.forename: Armando E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult