title: Hepatitis B immunoglobulins and/or lamivudine for preventing hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation: a systematic review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently, hepatitis B immunoglobulins (HBIg) and/or lamivudine have become the main options for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the benefits of HBIg and/or lamivudine for prevention of hepatitis B recurrence after liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a search of electronic databases and a manual search of bibliographical lists of relevant articles. All randomized clinical trials and non-randomized studies that meet the pre-specified criteria were included. However, results of non-randomized studies were reported under 'exploratory analyses' in the result section. The outcome measure was hepatitis B recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two randomized and 44 non-randomized studies were included. Meta-analysis of two randomized studies shows one week HBIg combined with lamivudine regimen had equivalent effect compared with long-term high-dose HBIg regimen for preventing hepatitis B recurrence (RR 1.23; 95% CI 0.38-4.03; P = 0.73). For 44 non-randomized studies, only qualitative systematic review was performed. With long-term HBIg prophylaxis, hepatitis B recurrence rate ranged from 3.7% to 65%; with lamivudine prophylaxis, hepatitis B recurrence rate varied from 3.8% to 40.4%; Long-term high-dose HBIg plus lamivudine prophylaxis can reduce the risk of HBV recurrence to less than 10%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term HBIg prophylaxis or lamivudine prophylaxis can reduce the risk for hepatitis B virus recurrence. Long-term high-dose HBIg combined with lamivudine can further reduce HBV recurrence to less than 10%.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University; Municipal Key Laboratory of Beijing for Regulation of Liver Protection and Regeneration. Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Ji Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: You
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D019259:Lamivudine; C045213:hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin