title: Repeated taste exposure increases liking for vegetables by low-income elementary school children.
abstract: Children's food preferences play a major role in their food choices and consumption. The objective of the present study was to examine if repeated tastings of selected vegetables in a school setting increased children's liking of these items. A total of 360 fourth- and fifth-grade students attending four low-income, public elementary schools in southeastern Louisiana volunteered to participate. During the spring of 2008, children were offered a taste of carrots, peas, tomatoes, and bell peppers once a week for 10 weeks. At each tasting session children recorded whether they swallowed each of the vegetables, spit it into the napkin, or did not put it in their mouth and indicated their liking for each vegetable using a Likert-type response scale. Approximately one-half of the children tasted eight of ten times during the program (46.5% for those who began disliking and 68.5% for those who began liking the vegetables). Proc Glimmix analyses indicated that for children who began the program disliking the vegetables, repeated tasting improved liking scores for carrots, peas, and tomatoes; liking for bell peppers did not change. The number of children who reported liking or liking a lot for previously disliked vegetables was greater after eight or nine taste exposures. Repeated tasting of less-liked vegetables by children in a cafeteria-based setting is a strategy to promote liking of these items and is effective in approximately half of the participants.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Ecology, Louisiana State University, 202B Knapp Hall, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. alakka1@tigers.lsu.edu
authors.forename: Anantha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lakkakula
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geaghan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanovec
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Georgianna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tuuri
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000502:physiology*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana; D008297:Male; D011203:Poverty; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students; D014675:Vegetables