title: [Validation of telemedical fundus images from patients with retinopathy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The degree of retinal microangiopathy is important foran estimation of the vascular risk and for the optimisation of therapy in hypertensive and diabetic patients. Retinal microangiopathy may be determined by examination of the retinal fundus. We examined the reliability of the ophthalmoscopic diagnosis and of the telemedical judgement of fundus images in relation to the presence and the degree of retinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This comparative observational study included 47 inpatient hypertensive and/or diabetic subjects. The fundus was judged ophthalmoscopically and subsequently, a fundus image was generated by use of a KOWA camera. The images were sent to the Interdisciplinary Center of Ophthalmologic Preventive Medicine. The reliability of the two diagnostic methods was calculated for one of the two eyes, which was selected by a random generator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The largest concordance of the two diagnosis methods was achieved, in descending order, for retinal bleeding, stage of diabetic retinopathy and the papilla findings. Additionally, there were no differences for the stage of hypertensive retinopathy und tortuosity. The reliability of arterio-venous nicking related to the right and the left eye was low or absent, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The teleophthalmologic diagnosis achieves good results as compared to the ophthalmoscopic judgement in relation to retinopathy assessment criteria.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik mit Poliklinik des Universitätsklinikums Erlangen. georg.michelson@uk-erlangen.de
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Michelson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laser
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wärntges
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D042262:Retinoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000379:methods*