title: Hypospadias.
abstract: Hypospadias results from abnormal development of the penis that leaves the urethral meatus proximal to its normal glanular position anywhere along the penile shaft, scrotum, or perineum. A spectrum of abnormalities, including ventral curvature of the penis (chordee), a hooded incomplete prepuce, and an abortive corpora spongiosum, are commonly associated with hypospadias. Advances in understanding of the causes of hypospadias and current approaches to the correction of hypospadias to provide a cosmetically and functionally satisfactory repair are the focus of this article.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3rd Floor, Wood Building, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4399, USA.
authors.forename: Kate H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Aseem R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Canning
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male