title: Piceatannol induces heme oxygenase-1 expression in human mammary epithelial cells through activation of ARE-driven Nrf2 signaling.
abstract: Piceatannol (3,4,3',5'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene), derived from the seeds of Euphorbia lagascae, has been reported to have anti-proliferative, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, the mechanisms underlying its chemoprotective effects remain largely unresolved. In the present study, we found that piceatannol treatment (30 microM) significantly upregulated the expression of the antioxidant enzyme heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and its mRNA transcript at 6h and 3h, respectively in human breast epithelial (MCF10A) cells. A redox-sensitive transcription factor NF-E2-related factor (Nrf2) plays a pivotal role in induced expression of many cytoprotective enzymes including HO-1. Piceatannol induced translocation of Nrf2 into the nucleus and its transcriptional activities when treated to the MCF10A cells for 6h. Upregulation of HO-1 expression by piceatannol through direct binding of Nrf2 to antioxidant response element (ARE) was verified by the chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay. siRNA knock down of Nrf2 gene abolished piceatannol-induced HO-1 expression. In addition, piceatannol-induced activation of Nrf2 and/or HO-1 expression was abrogated by the pharmacological inhibitor (LY294002) as well as the kinase-dead form of Akt. In an attempt to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying cytoprotective or chemoprotective activity exerted by piceatannol, we examined its effect on the signaling pathways responsible for induction of HO-1 expression. We hypothesize that an electrophilic quinone formed as a consequence of oxidation of piceatannol bearing the catechol moiety may bind directly to Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1), an inhibitory protein that sequesters Nrf2 in the cytoplasm. This will diminish the affinity of Keap1 for Nrf2. The thiol reducing agents, dithiothreitol (100 microM) or beta-mercaptoethanol (1.4 microM), attenuated piceatannol-induced Nrf2 activation and HO-1 expression. It is hence likely that piceatannol modifies specific cysteine residues of Keap1, which allows Nrf2 to translocate into the nucleus and bind to ARE, leading to enhancement of the expression of HO-1. The characteristic catechol moiety of piceatannol appears to be critical for induction of Nrf2 activation and subsequent upregulation of HO-1.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sin-Aye
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Inas
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Almazari
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hye-Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Na
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Surh
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D028481:Euphorbia / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000072019:Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002867:Chromones; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C431364:KEAP1 protein, human; D000072019:Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; D009025:Morpholines; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495635:NFE2L2 protein, human; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D013267:Stilbenes; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C041525:3,3',4,5'-tetrahydroxystilbene; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D003545:Cysteine