title: Continuous patient-controlled epidural infusion of levobupivacaine plus sufentanil in labouring primiparous women: effects of concentration.
abstract: The effects of two different concentrations of epidural levobupivacaine were compared when used to provide analgesia for labour. Primiparous women in spontaneous uncomplicated labour were enrolled in a prospective, randomised and partially double-blinded study. The study solutions were either 0.568 mg x ml(-1) levobupivacaine (low concentration group) or 1.136 mg x ml(-1) levobupivacaine (high concentration group), with sufentanil 0.45 microg x ml(-1) added to both solutions. Epidural analgesia was initiated with 20 ml of the study solution, followed by a standardised algorithm of top-up bolus injections. Epidural analgesia was then continued by self-administered boluses of 5-ml plus a continuous infusion of 5 ml x h(-1). Analgesia was found to be more efficacious in the high-concentration group. The dose of levobupivacaine administered was higher and sometimes overstepping recommended limits in the high concentration group, but with no observed increase in side-effects. The choice between these two concentrations may still be made according to the patient's and the practitioner's preferences. The effects of an intermediate concentration should be studied in the future.
authors.affiliation:  Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-Hôtel-Dieu, Polyclinique.| Resident/Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-SAMU-SMUR, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tixier
authors.affiliation:  Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-Hôtel-Dieu, Polyclinique.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonnin
authors.affiliation:  Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-Hôtel-Dieu, Polyclinique.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bolandard
authors.affiliation:  Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-Hôtel-Dieu, Polyclinique.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vernis
authors.affiliation:  Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-Hôtel-Dieu, Polyclinique.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lavergne
authors.affiliation:  Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-Hôtel-Dieu, Polyclinique.| Professor of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Univ Clermont1.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bazin
authors.affiliation:  Resident/Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation-SAMU-SMUR, Hôpital Gabriel-Montpied.| Hospital Practitioner, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Centre de Pharmacologie Clinique.| Inserm, CIC 501, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dualé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000077554:Levobupivacaine; D017409:Sufentanil; D002045:Bupivacaine