title: Effect of work hours, caseload, shift type, and experience on resident call performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the independent effects of multiple variables on resident call performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent radiology resident "on call" cross-sectional imaging interpretation quality assurance (QA) data obtained during a 171-day period at a single tertiary care Level 1 trauma teaching institution was reviewed. Clinically significant resident-faculty discrepancies were compared among three different call types: traditional single-day overnight call (OC, 15 hours/night after 9 daytime hours on weekdays), 7-night nightfloat (NF, 9 hours/night), and weekend day call (WD, 10 hours/day). Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate associations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 119 (0.89%) clinically significant resident-faculty discordances from 13,424 cross-sectional interpretations: 56 (0.79%) from 7102 interpretations on 172 OC shifts, 39 (0.85%) from 4567 interpretations on 165 NF shifts, and 24 (1.4%) from 1755 interpretations on 49 WD shifts. Individual residents (n = 20) had a mean discrepancy rate of 0.9% (0.45%-1.9%). Overall, 102 (26.2%) of the shifts had at least one discordance. The following were associated with significantly (P < .001) increased discrepancy rates: junior vs. senior residents (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3 [1.2-1.4]), OC vs. NF (OR = 1.5 [1.3-1.6], WD vs. NF (OR = 1.4 [1.2-1.6]), weekend vs. weekday (OR = 1.3 [1.2-1.4]), and increasing cases/hour (OR = 1.6 [1.5-1.7]). Weekend OC shifts had a higher discrepancy rate (OR 1.3[1.2-1.5], P < .001) than weekday OC shifts despite a shorter workday (15 vs. 24 hours).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increasing caseload, junior residents, and weekends are associated with a significantly higher discrepancy rate. OC is associated with a significantly higher discrepancy rate than NF. Measured discrepancy rates are low, regardless of call type.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Health System, Department of Radiology, Ann Arbor, 48109-5030, USA. matdaven@med.umich.edu <matdaven@med.umich.edu>
authors.forename: Matthew Scott
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Davenport
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Shoukofeh H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Khalatbari
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Myles
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D039602:After-Hours Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019090:Case Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008824:Michigan; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011361:Professional Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016526:Workload / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*