title: Mobile phone mast effects on common frog (Rana temporaria) tadpoles: the city turned into a laboratory.
abstract: An experiment has been made exposing eggs and tadpoles of the common frog (Rana temporaria) to electromagnetic radiation from several mobile (cell) phone antennae located at a distance of 140 meters. The experiment lasted two months, from the egg phase until an advanced phase of tadpole prior to metamorphosis. Measurements of electric field intensity (radiofrequencies and microwaves) in V/m obtained with three different devices were 1.8 to 3.5 V/m. In the exposed group (n = 70), low coordination of movements, an asynchronous growth, resulting in both big and small tadpoles, and a high mortality (90%) was observed. Regarding the control group (n = 70) under the same conditions but inside a Faraday cage, the coordination of movements was normal, the development was synchronous, and a mortality of 4.2% was obtained. These results indicate that radiation emitted by phone masts in a real situation may affect the development and may cause an increase in mortality of exposed tadpoles. This research may have huge implications for the natural world, which is now exposed to high microwave radiation levels from a multitude of phone masts.
authors.affiliation: C/Navarra, Valladolid, Spain. abalmori@ono.com
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balmori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040421:Cell Phone; D002947:Cities; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007753:Laboratories; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects; D011896:Rana temporaria / Q000254:growth & development