title: Synthesis and structure-affinity relationships of novel small molecule natural product derivatives capable of discriminating between serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C receptor subtypes.
abstract: Efforts to develop ligands that distinguish between clinically relevant 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C serotonin receptor subtypes have been challenging, because their sequences have high homology. Previous studies reported that a novel aplysinopsin belonging to a chemical class of natural products isolated from a marine sponge was selective for the 5-HT2C over the 5-HT2A receptor subtype. Our goal was to explore the 5-HT2A/2C receptor structure-affinity relationships of derivatives based on the aplysinopsin natural product pharmacophore. Twenty aplysinopsin derivatives were synthesized, purified and tested for their affinities for cloned human serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2C receptor subtypes. Four compounds in this series had >30-fold selectivity for 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptors. The compound (E)-5-((5,6-dichloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-imino-1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-4-one (UNT-TWU-22, 16) had approximately 2100-fold selectivity for the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor subtype: an affinity for 5-HT2C equal to 46 nM and no detectable affinity for the 5-HT1A or 5-HT2A receptor subtypes. The two most important factors controlling 5-HT2A or 5-HT2C receptor subtype selectivity were the combined R1,R3-alkylation of the imidazolidinone ring and the type and number of halogens on the indole ring of the aplysinopsin pharmacophore.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, 3500 Camp Bowie Blvd., Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA.
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: Diana C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Canseco
authors.forename: Pratikkumar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schetz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D006801:Humans; D048289:Imidazolidines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry; D044282:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D044405:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C559365:(E)-5-((5,6-dichloro-1H-indol-3-yl)methylene)-2-imino-1,3-dimethylimidazolidin-4-one; D048289:Imidazolidines; D007211:Indoles; D044402:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2A; D044405:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C; D044282:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A; C015685:aplysinopsin; D014364:Tryptophan