title: Short-term postharvest carbon dioxide treatments induce selective molecular and metabolic changes in grape berries.
abstract: Detached wine grapes ( Vitis vinifera cv. 'Trebbiano', white skinned) were treated for 3 days with 30 kPa of CO(2) and then transferred to air for an additional 9 days to partially dehydrate (about 20% weight loss). At the end of the CO(2) treatment on withering berries, total polyphenols and flavonoids were maintained in the skin, but to a more limited extent in the pulp. An induction of the proanthocyanidin synthesis appeared to be one of the responses to the treatment because both (+)-catechin and (-)-epicatechin concentrations increased in the skin. The skin and pulp of the grape berries showed different molecular responses to a high CO(2) treatment. As revealed by microarray hybridizations, 217 and 75 genes appeared differentially expressed in the skin and pulp of treated samples, respectively. Functional categorization and gene enrichment analyses pointed out that epicarp cells undergo more pronounced changes in transcript profiling at the end of the incubation period. Highly represented categories in both tissues were related to protein, stress, transcript, RNA, and hormone (ethylene, ABA) metabolism. Fermentation, CHO metabolism, and redox regulation functional categories were represented only in the skin.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia delle Piante Agrarie, University of Pisa, via del Borghetto 80, I-56124 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Becatti
authors.forename: Lamia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chkaiban
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tonutti
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forcato
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonghi
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ranieri
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005519:Food Preservation; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D010940:Plant Proteins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide