title: Does socioeconomic disparity in cancer incidence vary across racial/ethnic groups?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Very few studies have simultaneously examined incidence of the leading cancers in relation to socioeconomic status (SES) and race/ethnicity in populations including Hispanics and Asians. This study aims to describe SES disparity in cancer incidence within each of four major racial/ethnic groups (non-Hispanic white, black, Hispanic, and Asian/Pacific Islander) for five major cancer sites, including female breast cancer, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, lung cancer, and prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Invasive cancers of the five major sites diagnosed from 1998 to 2002 (n = 376,158) in California were included in the study. Composite area-based SES measures were used to quantify SES level and to calculate cancer incidence rates stratified by SES. Relative index of inequality (RII) was generated to measure SES gradient of cancer incidence within each racial/ethnic group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant variations were detected in SES disparities across the racial/ethnic groups for all five major cancer sites. Female breast cancer and prostate cancer incidence increased with increased SES in all groups, with the trend strongest among Hispanics. Incidence of cervical cancer increased with decreased SES, with the largest gradient among non-Hispanic white women. Lung cancer incidence increased with decreased SES with the exception of Hispanic men and women, for whom SES gradient was in the opposite direction. For colorectal cancer, higher incidence was associated with lower SES in non-Hispanic whites but with higher SES in Hispanics and Asian/Pacific Islander women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Examining SES disparity stratified by race/ethnicity enhances our understanding of the complex relationships between cancer incidence, SES, and race/ethnicity.
authors.affiliation: California Cancer Registry, Public Health Institute, Sacramento, CA 95825, USA. dyin@ccr.ca.gov
authors.forename: Daixin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Cyllene
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cress
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D019352:Censuses; D005260:Female; D054624:Health Status Disparities; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology*; D012042:Registries; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors