title: Human G-protein gamma 7 in extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and its clinicopathological significance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have found a down-regulated G-gamma 7 gene in gastrointestinal tract cancers. We evaluated the expression and clinicopathological significance of the human G protein gamma 7 (G-gamma 7) in human extra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of G-gamma 7 expression was studied in 21 patients with EHCC. G-gamma 7 mRNA expression was tested by using RealTime reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).To visualize the localization of G-gamma 7, an immunohistochemistry study was also performed. The G-gamma 7 expression was compared among cancer tissues, peri-cancerous bile duct tissues and normal bile duct tissues. The clinicopathological significance of G-gamma 7 expression was also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of G-gamma 7 mRNA and protein were significantly lower in EHCC tissue than in pericancerous bile duct tissue and normal bile duct tissues. G-gamma 7 mRNA and protein expression were significantly lower in poorly differentiated EHCC tissues than in moderate differentiated and well differentiated EHCC tissues (P<.01). There was no significant correlation between G-gamma 7 expression and host factors such as age, gender, clinical staging or the status of preoperative hepatic function
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EHCC has a down-regulated expression of G-gamma 7. Reduced expression of G-gamma 7 is associated with the histological grade of EHCC and may prove to be a useful marker for predicting the prognosis of human EHCC.
authors.affiliation: Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Yongmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yajie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins