title: Are chronic urticaria, analgesic intolerance and seasonal rhinitis markers of different severities and phenotypes of the asthma they accompany?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma is a heterogeneous disease that presents with different clinical phenotypes. We aimed to compare the patients with asthma diagnosis alone with the patients, who, in addition to their asthma had accompanying analgesic intolerance (AI), chronic urticaria (CU) or seasonal rhinitis (SR) if there are any distinctions and specific characteristics of these defined patient groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-four asthma patients diagnosed with SR, 46 with CU, 75 with AI and 71 patients with asthma alone were enrolled to the study retrospectively. The reference group for the comparisons was the group with asthma diagnosis alone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of all patients was 37.2±13 (15-80) and 70.7% of them were females. Asthma patients with SR had a significantly earlier onset of asthma (age: 27.4±10.8 and 34.5±15.9; respectively, p<0.01), significantly better pulmonary function tests and were significantly more atopic (92.9% and 28.8%; p<0.001). Moderate-to-severe asthma significantly correlated with older age at the time of diagnosis, older age of asthma onset, higher body mass index, less atopy and fewer pollen sensitivity. Asthma severity of patients with SR was significantly milder than the reference group (OR: 0.6, 95% CI 0.5-0.8). Asthma with AI tended to be more severe although the relation was insignificant (OR:1.6 95% CI:0.8-3.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Asthma patients with SR have significantly milder and earlier onset of asthma, better pulmonary function tests and are significantly more atopic while asthma with AI tends to be more severe. Asthma with CU does not show a specific phenotypic characteristic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Diseases, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. scelikel@gmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Celikel
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Isik
authors.forename: A U
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karakaya
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Kalyoncu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects; D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D018450:Disease Progression; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011058:Pollen / Q000009:adverse effects; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014581:Urticaria / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000700:Analgesics