title: The clinical outcome of chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea in premenopausal young patients with breast cancer with long-term follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the factors that predict chemotherapy-induced amenorrhea (CIA) and the prognostic significance of CIA after long-term follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed data from 241 premenopausal patients with breast cancer who underwent adjuvant CMF or FAC chemotherapy after breast cancer surgery between January 1995 and December 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up duration was 109.8 (range, 16.6-193.1) months. The age of CIA patients was older than non-CIA patients (median, 44 (range, 28-53) years and 36 (range, 25-49) years, respectively; P < 0.001). The addition of tamoxifen to the chemotherapy increased the incidence of CIA from 48% to 63.6% (P = 0.015). The 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) rate was higher in the CIA group compared with the non-CIA group in hormonal receptor-positive patients (78.4% vs. 67%, respectively; P = 0.022), and the 10-year overall survival (OS) rate also was higher in the CIA group compared with the non-CIA group (90.8% vs. 79.7%, respectively; P = 0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most important predictors of CIA are age and the addition of tamoxifen to the chemotherapy. CIA is likely to have an influence on DFS and OS in premenopausal patients with breast cancer with a positive hormone receptor, and it might be used as a surrogate marker for effective chemotherapy in these young Asian patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Minkyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyun Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Sun Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.forename: Hei Cheul
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jeung
authors.forename: Soojung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yong Wha
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Hyo Song
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Woo Ick
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jae Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Roh
authors.forename: Hyun Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000009:adverse effects; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D017697:Premenopause; D015996:Survival Rate; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D013629:Tamoxifen; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D005472:Fluorouracil; D008727:Methotrexate