PECAM-1: conflicts of interest in inflammation.
Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1, CD31) is a cell adhesion and signaling receptor that is expressed on hematopoietic and endothelial cells. PECAM-1 is vital to the regulation of inflammatory responses, as it has been shown to serve a variety of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory functions. Pro-inflammatory functions of PECAM-1 include the facilitation of leukocyte transendothelial migration and the transduction of mechanical signals in endothelial cells emanating from fluid shear stress. Anti-inflammatory functions include the dampening of leukocyte activation, suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and the maintenance of vascular barrier integrity. Although PECAM-1 has been well-characterized and studied, the mechanisms through which PECAM-1 regulates these seemingly opposing functions, and how they influence each other, are still not completely understood. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to provide an overview of the pro- and anti-inflammatory functions of PECAM-1 with special attention paid to mechanistic insights that have thus far been revealed in the literature in hopes of gaining a clearer picture of how these opposing functions might be integrated in a temporal and spatial manner on the whole organism level. A better understanding of how inflammatory responses are regulated should enable the development of new therapeutics that can be used in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory disorders.
Privratsky
Jamie R
JR
Blood Research Institute, BloodCenter of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA. jamie.privratsky@bcw.edu
Newman
Debra K
DK
Newman
Peter J
PJ
D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1