title: Antidepressant-like properties of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and cholinergic dependency in a genetic rat model of depression.
abstract: We explored the antidepressant-like properties of two phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in a genetic animal model of depression, namely Flinders sensitive line rats. We investigated the dose-dependency of the antidepressant-like action of sildenafil, and its interaction with the cholinergic system and behavioural correlates of monoaminergic neurotransmission, in the forced swim test. Antidepressant-like properties of tadalafil (a structurally distinct PDE5 inhibitor) were also evaluated. Flinders sensitive line rats were treated for 14 days with vehicle, fluoxetine, atropine or PDE5 inhibitors+/-atropine. Immobility, swimming and climbing behaviours were assessed in the forced swim test. In combination with atropine (1 mg/kg), both sildenafil (10, 20 mg/kg) and tadalafil (10 mg/kg) decreased immobility while increasing swimming (serotonergic) and climbing (noradrenergic) behaviours. Interestingly, sildenafil (3 mg/kg) decreased immobility while selectively increasing climbing behaviour in the absence of atropine. These results suggest that the antidepressant-like activity of PDE5 inhibitors involve alterations in monoaminergic neurotransmission, but involve a dependence on inherent cholinergic tone so that the final response is determined by the relative extent of activation of these systems. Furthermore, the behavioural profile of sildenafil alone, and its observed antidepressant-like properties, shows strict dose-dependency, with only higher doses showing an interaction with the cholinergic system.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Division Pharmacology, North-West University (PUK), Potchefstroom, South Africa.
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liebenberg
authors.forename: Brian H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Christiaan B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Brink
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002243:Carbolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003863:Depression / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013550:Swimming; D000068581:Tadalafil
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002243:Carbolines; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D005473:Fluoxetine; D000068581:Tadalafil; D001285:Atropine; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate