title: Diagnostic utility of abdominal ultrasonography in dogs with chronic vomiting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic vomiting is a common problem in dogs that has many causes. Ultrasonographic descriptions of many gastrointestinal (GI) diseases have been published. However, diagnostic utility of ultrasonography in dogs with chronic vomiting has not been investigated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Diagnostic utility of abdominal ultrasound will be highest in dogs with GI neoplasia and lowest in those with inflammatory disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-nine pet dogs with chronic vomiting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were reviewed and the contribution of abdominal ultrasound to the clinical diagnosis was subjectively scored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 68.5% of dogs, the reviewers thought that the same diagnosis would have been reached without performing ultrasonography. In 22.5% of dogs, the ultrasound examination was considered to be vital or beneficial to the diagnosis. Univariable analysis identified that increased diagnostic utility was associated with increasing age, a greater number of vomiting episodes per week, presence of weight loss, a greater percentage of lost body weight, and a final diagnosis of GI lymphoma or gastric adenocarcinoma. However, multivariate analysis only identified increasing age and a final diagnosis of gastric adenocarcinoma or GI lymphoma to be associated with increased diagnostic utility. In 12.4% of dogs, additional benefits of ultrasonography to case management, excluding the contribution to the vomiting problem, were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnostic utility of abdominal ultrasonography was high in 27% of dogs. The presence of factors that are associated with high diagnostic utility is an indication to perform abdominal ultrasonography in dogs with chronic vomiting.
authors.affiliation: Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. mleib@vt.edu
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Leib
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Panciera
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Troy
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Monroe
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rossmeisl
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Forrester
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Herring
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014839:Vomiting / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*