title: In vitro susceptibility of Aspergillus spp. to dithiocarbamate organoruthenium compounds.
abstract: The in vitro antifungal activity of ruthenium dithiocarbamate compounds (1-5) was investigated and assessed for its activity against seven different species of Aspergillus (Aspergillus clavatus, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus nomius, Aspergillus tamarii and Aspergillus terreus). Analysis of in vitro susceptibility was performed using broth microdilution assay following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines for filamentous fungi. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Aspergillus clavatus and A. fumigatus were more susceptible species for complexes 1 and 2. Other complexes showed excellent minimum inhibitory concentration (4-64 μg ml(-1)) against most microorganisms. Complexes 1 and 2 are respectively 180- and 95-fold more active than the corresponding free ligands against A. clavatus and the complex 5 is 46-fold more active than free ligand against A. niger. Aspergillus niger was more susceptible to the action of the complexes 1 and 5 (16 μg ml(-1)). A low cytotoxic activity (IC(50) > 10(-6) mol l(-1) ) on normal mammalian cells (BHK-21) to the evaluated complexes was measured. Ruthenium complexes are promising antifungal agents against the development of novel effective drug against different species of Aspergillus; however, for A. nomius and A. terreus, they were not active in the highest concentration tested.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, ICEx, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luciano J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: de Resende
authors.forename: Sheila R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Maria Helena
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.forename: Thais F F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Magalhães
authors.forename: Milena B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Cleide V B
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Miriam T P
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Araújo e Silva
authors.forename: Claudio L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Donnici
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; D013859:Thiocarbamates