title: Comparative study of carotenoids, catalase and radical formation in human and animal skin.
abstract: Animal skin is widely used in dermatological free radical research. Porcine ear skin is a well-studied substitute for human skin. The use of bovine udder skin is rare but its high carotenoid content makes it particularly appropriate for studying the redox state of the skin. Yet, information on the suitability of animal skin for the study of external hazard effects on the redox state of human skin has been lacking. In this study, we investigated the activity of the antioxidant enzyme catalase and the carotenoid content defining the redox status as well as UV-induced radical formation of human, porcine ear and bovine udder skin ex vivo. In human skin only low levels of radical formation were detected following UV irradiation, whereas bovine skin contains the highest amount of carotenoids but the lowest amount of catalase. Porcine ear skin does not exhibit a carotenoid signal but its catalase activity is close to human skin. Therefore, radical formation can neither be correlated to the amount of catalase nor to the amount of carotenoids in the skin. All skin types can be used for electron paramagnetic resonance-based detection of radicals, but porcine skin was found to be the most suitable type.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazie, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechtel
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Darvin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Groth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schäfer-Korting
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bittl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lademann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sterry
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Meinke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005260:Female; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013552:Swine; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D002338:Carotenoids; D002374:Catalase