Personalism for public health ethics.
In public health ethics, as in bioethics, utilitarian approaches usually prevail, followed by Kantian and communitarian foundations. If one considers the nature and core functions of public health, which are focused on a population perspective, utilitarianism seems still more applicable to public health ethics. Nevertheless, faulting additional protections towards the human person, utilitarianism doesn't offer appropriate solutions when conflicts among values do arise. Further criteria must be applied to protect the fundamental principles of respect for human life. Personalism offers similar advantages to utilitarianism but warrants more protection to the human person. We suggest a possible adaptation of personalism in the specific field of public health by means of four principles: absolute respect for life or principle of inviolability; subsidiarity and the "minimum" mandatory principle; solidarity; justice and non discrimination.
Petrini
Carlo
C
Unità di Bioetica, Presidenza, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. carlo.petrini@iss.it
Gainotti
Sabina
S
Requena
Pablo
P
D026688:Bioethical Issues; D006801:Humans; D028723:Personhood; D011634:Public Health / Q000941:ethics*