title: ADAMTS1 alters blood vessel morphology and TSP1 levels in LNCaP and LNCaP-19 prostate tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Decreased expression of the angiogenesis inhibitor ADAMTS1 (ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif, 1) has previously been reported during prostate cancer progression. The aim of this study was to investigate the function of ADAMTS1 in prostate tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  ADAMTS1 was downregulated by shRNA technology in the human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP (androgen-dependent), originally expressing ADAMTS1, and was upregulated by transfection in its subline LNCaP-19 (androgen-independent), expressing low levels of ADAMTS1. Cells were implanted subcutaneously in nude mice and tumor growth, microvessel density (MVD), blood vessel morphology, pericyte coverage and thrombospondin 1 (TSP1) were studied in the tumor xenografts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Modified expression of ADAMTS1 resulted in altered blood vessel morphology in the tumors. Low expression levels of ADAMTS1 were associated with small diameter blood vessels both in LNCaP and LNCaP-19 tumors, while high levels of ADAMTS1 were associated with larger vessels. In addition, TSP1 levels in the tumor xenografts were inversely related to ADAMTS1 expression. MVD and pericyte coverage were not affected. Moreover, upregulation of ADAMTS1 inhibited tumor growth of LNCaP-19, as evidenced by delayed tumor establishment. In contrast, downregulation of ADAMTS1 in LNCaP resulted in reduced tumor growth rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that ADAMTS1 is an important regulatory factor of angiogenesis and tumor growth in prostate tumors, where modified ADAMTS1 expression resulted in markedly changed blood vessel morphology, possibly related to altered TSP1 levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lundberg Laboratory for Cancer Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Heléne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: Tajana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tesan
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jennbacken
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuno
authors.forename: Jan-Erik
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Damber
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Welén
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071097:ADAMTS1 Protein; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D020286:Pericytes / Q000201:enzymology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D034622:RNA Interference; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000071097:ADAMTS1 Protein; C103859:ADAMTS1 protein, human