Roles of Vpr and Vpx in modulating the virus-host cell relationship.
The human and simian immunodeficiency viruses contain small open reading frames known as vpr and vpx. These genes encode proteins that are highly related both at the amino acid level and functionally, although key differences do exist. This review describes the main functions ascribed to Vpr and Vpx in the context of both viral replication and modulation of host cell biology.
Planelles
Vicente
V
Division of Cell Biology and Immunology, Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, #2100 - Room 2520, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA. vicente.planelles@path.utah.edu
Barker
Edward
E
D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D004249:DNA Damage; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D054325:vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
C074286:VPX protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 2; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; D054325:vpr Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus