title: Clinical course of pediatric urolithiasis: follow-up data in a long-term basis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the natural course of the stone disease in pediatric patients from different perspectives among which the spontaneous passage and stone recurrence rates evaluated during the follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 142 children referring with primary urinary stone disease were evaluated and followed. All children in the study were divided into two groups with respect to the age (Group 1: 0-5 years and Group 2: 6-15 years). Children were followed with respect to spontaneous passage rates, recurrence-regrowth rates, physical as well as the renal growth rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stone recurrence has been noted in 44% of patients in group 1, this value was 31% in group 2. Children with at least one identifiable metabolic abnormality tended to have higher recurrence rates than the others despite conservative measures. The average stone recurrence rate in children without any metabolic abnormality was 14% and nearly 50% in children with an identifiable metabolic abnormality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We may emphasize that due to the high recurrence and re-growth rates, all children with urinary stone disease should be followed closely with regular visits. The evaluation of metabolic risk factors in children with renal stone disease is the basis of medical treatment aimed at preventing recurrent stone events and the growth of pre-existing calculi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yeditepe University Medical School, Devlet yolu Ankara Cad. 102/104, 34752, Kozyataği, Istanbul, Turkey. hakan.koyuncu@yeditepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koyuncu
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yencilek
authors.forename: Sakip
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erturhan
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Eryildirım
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sarica
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D013997:Time Factors; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*