title: Recurrence of the world's largest green-tide in 2009 in Yellow Sea, China: Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture rafts confirmed as nursery for macroalgal blooms.
abstract: In the summer of 2008, the world's largest green-tide occurred in the Yellow Sea, China. The hypothesized cause was the expansion of Porphyra yezoensis aquaculture along the Jiangsu coastline and the re-occurrence of a green-tide in 2009 was predicted. In this study, satellite and field images showed the formation of the June 2009 green-tide which again originated from the Jiangsu coast. The responsible species, its source and biomass accumulation were studied to support the previous hypothesis. Morphological and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated the homology of Ulva prolifera in the 2008 green-tide with the U. prolifera from P. yezoensis aquaculture rafts. About 91-505kg/ha of U. prolifera was attached to the P. yezoensis aquaculture rafts and a total biomass of 4956 tonnes was estimated during the harvesting of P. yezoensis. This is sufficient to seed a bloom when they are dislodged from the rafts as a result of harvesting practices.
authors.affiliation: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research for Sustainable Development, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, Shandong 264003, PR China. dyliu@yic.ac.cn
authors.forename: Dongyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Keesing
authors.forename: Zhijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Baoping
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Di
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fearns
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D017756:Aquaculture; D002681:China; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005068:Eutrophication / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010802:Phylogeny; D044664:Porphyra / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D044445:Ulva / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer