title: Availability and quality of emergency obstetric care in Shanxi Province, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the availability and quality of emergency obstetric care (EmOC) received by women in a rural Chinese province.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in 7 rural counties and townships in Shanxi Province, China. Data sources included interviews with 7 hospital leaders, 5 maternal and child health workers, and 7 obstetricians; 118 records of complicated delivery were audited, 21 Maternal and Child Health Annual Reports analyzed, and observations conducted of facilities and advanced labor care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of comprehensive EmOC facilities was adequate in all counties. Three counties had fewer basic EmOC facilities than recommended and only 4 counties reached the recommended level. Most of the existing township hospitals did not provide birthing services. All the county hospitals could perform cesarean deliveries with rates from 6.8%-40.8%. The management of complications was not evidence-based. For example, women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia were given too little magnesium sulfate; women were not closely monitored for hemorrhage after birth and the partograph was used incorrectly with consequences for obstructed labor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Basic EmOC facilities are not adequate and township hospitals should be upgraded to provide birthing services. The quality of EmOC is poor and needs improvement.
authors.affiliation: Northern Rivers University Department of Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW, Australia. yu.gao@ncahs.health.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barclay
mesh_terms: D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004420:Dystocia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D046110:Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D015994:Incidence; D008485:Medical Audit; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D012424:Rural Population