title: Underlying causes of the emerging nonmetropolitan mortality penalty.
abstract: The nonmetropolitan mortality penalty results in an estimated 40 201 excessive US deaths per year, deaths that would not occur if nonmetropolitan and metropolitan residents died at the same rate. We explored the underlying causes of the nonmetropolitan mortality penalty by examining variation in cause of death. Declines in heart disease and cancer death rates in metropolitan areas drive the nonmetropolitan mortality penalty. Future work should explore why the top causes of death are higher in nonmetropolitan areas than they are in metropolitan areas.
authors.affiliation: Mississippi State, 39762, USA. lynne.cossman@msstate.edu
authors.forename: Jeralynn S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cossman
authors.forename: Wesley L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Arthur G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Cosby
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Cossman
mesh_terms: D015984:Causality; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005544:Forecasting; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008017:Life Expectancy; D009309:National Center for Health Statistics, U.S.; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012423:Rural Health / Q000639:trends*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000401:mortality*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health / Q000639:trends