Granulocytic sarcoma of the stomach: relapse after hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation for chronic myeloid leukemia.
An 18-year-old male underwent an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in the first late chronic phase. On day 132, he was readmitted to the hospital with nausea, vomiting and nodular lesions on endoscopy. A diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma of the stomach was made. Bone marrow cytogenetic analysis for the Philadelphia chromosome and nested polymerase chain reaction for BCR-ABL1 were both negative. Immunosuppression was abruptly discontinued, and by day 180, all gastric lesions had completely disappeared. However, there were histological signs of graft-versus-host disease. The patient developed progressive anorexia and elevated hepatic enzymes, which prompted the reintroduction of cyclosporine. Considering the risk of another relapse, imatinib mesylate (IM) 600 mg/day was started. The patient Is condition improved, and there was no evidence of disease recurrence at 36 months after relapse. Relapse of CML is the commonest cause of treatment failure after allo-HSCT. On rare occasions, a localized extramedullary presentation is seen. Unless properly treated, other extramedullary relapse sites and/or marrow infiltration usually occur. Withdrawal of immunosuppression, along with IM therapy seems to be an acceptable approach in this setting.
Macedo
Antonio Vaz
AV
Hospital das Clinicas e Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Minas Gerais, Brazil. antoniovmac@hotmail.com
Freitas
Izabela F
IF
Oliveira
Faì Bio M
FB
Resende
Clarissa
C
Mendes
Claì Udia Maria C
CU
Vieira
Ana Karine
AK
Castro
Luì Cia P
LC
Rego
Eduardo M
EM
Clementino
Nelma Cristina D
NC
Bittencourt
Henrique
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001549:Benzamides; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D023981:Sarcoma, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate