title: Depression, disability, and quality of life after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: a prospective 9-month follow-up study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have looked at the effects on mood and quality of life (QOL) among patients who underwent on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but few have reported on off-pump CABG (OPCABG).
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 50 patients undergoing OPCABG. The day before CABG, patients were interviewed using 4 questionnaires: the Beck Depression Index (BDI), Beck Anxiety Index (BAI), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS), and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire (Q-LES-Q). The process was repeated at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One month postoperatively, patients showed increased levels of depression (Δ 1.67 in the mean BDI score, P < .05) and disability (Δ 5.28 in the mean SDS score, P < .001) and decreases levels of anxiety (Δ 3.7 in the mean BAI score, P < .001) and QOL compared with baseline. When compared with the first month, at 9 months patients were significantly less depressed (Δ 3.58 in the mean BDI score, P < .001), were less disabled (Δ 5.34 in the mean SDS score, P < .001), and had better QOL (Δ 3.82 in the mean Q-LES-Q score, P = .014). At 9 months, 44% had some degree of depression and 48% had low QOL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite that all scores returned to or below baseline at 9 months, a high percentage of patients still had depressive symptoms and overall poor quality of life (QOL). BDI scores at baseline are good predictors of QOL at all measured intervals. This should make physicians more prudent in diagnosing and observing these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, New York 10305, USA. khoueiry_gm@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Khoueiry
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flory
authors.forename: Nidal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abi Rafeh
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zgheib
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Sashi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wettimuny
authors.forename: Blanche
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Telesford
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Costantino
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: McGinn
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*