title: Biomechanics of a posture-controlling cervical artificial disc: mechanical, in vitro, and finite-element analysis.
abstract: Different methods have been described by numerous investigators for experimentally assessing the kinematics of cervical artificial discs. However, in addition to understanding how artificial discs affect range of motion, it is also clinically relevant to understand how artificial discs affect segmental posture. The purpose of this paper is to describe novel considerations and methods for experimentally assessing cervical spine postural control in the laboratory. These methods, which include mechanical testing, cadaveric testing, and computer modeling studies, are applied in comparing postural biomechanics of a novel postural control arthroplasty (PCA) device versus standard ball-and-socket (BS) and ball-in-trough (BT) arthroplasty devices. The overall body of evidence from this group of tests supports the conclusion that the PCA device does control posture to a particular lordotic position, whereas BS and BT devices move freely through their ranges of motion.
authors.affiliation: Spinal Biomechanics, Barrow Neurological Institute, Phoenix, Arizona 85013, USA. Neil.Crawford@chw.edu
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Jeffery D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Arnett
authors.forename: Joshua A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Butters
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: Nikhil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Duggal
mesh_terms: D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D002102:Cadaver; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants / Q000592:standards*; D011474:Prosthesis Design / Q000379:methods*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D055009:Spondylosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology