title: Hazard Assessments of Manufactured Nanomaterials.
abstract: Background: It has been difficult to make reliable hazard assessments of manufactured nanomaterials, because the nanomaterials form large agglomerations in both in vitro and in vivo studies. Objective: A project by the New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) of Japan has succeeded in ensuring the stability of dispersion (nanoscale <100 nm) of manufactured nanomaterials, and is developing hazard assessments of manufactured nanomaterials. Results and Conclusion: Focusing on titanium dioxide, fullerenes and carbon nanotubes, we introduce findings made in inhalation and intratracheal installation studies overseas, and together with the findings made in the NEDO project, and also assess the hazards presented by manufactured nanoparticles.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Naohido
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Myojo
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakanishi