title: Microbial dynamics in a sequencing batch reactor treating alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp and paper process wastewater.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For many years, highly concentrated wastewater generated from the pulp and paper industry has become the focus of much concern worldwide. The objectives of this study were to determine the treatment efficiency of the alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) process wastewater using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) and analyze the microbial dynamics of the wastewater treatment system using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method.
  
  
  METHODS
  An SBR was applied to the treatment of APMP pulp and paper process wastewater. The wastewater characteristics and many physicochemical operator indicators in the wastewater treatment process were analyzed and determined according to standard methods. Microbial 16 S rDNA in active sludge was extracted, amplified, and analyzed using the RAPD method for the microbial dynamics of the wastewater treatment system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ten kinds of natural organic compounds of plants such as monoterpene were detected in the APMP pulp and paper process wastewater. With an influent chemical oxygen demand (COD) that varied in the range of 685.7 to 907.5 mg/L, the corresponding effluent COD was 176.5 to 266.1 mg/L and the removal efficiency was 70.3% to 79.8%. An optimal strain (S308: CAGGGGTGGA) was selected to study the population dynamics and diversity of the bacterial community. The RAPD-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprints showed very high polymorphism of the genetic bands (78-100%). Four groups of species were clustered using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic (UPGMA) analysis, and the genetic distance was close between the species within each group. The Shannon-Weaver index was high and varied over time with the COD removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The RAPD-PCR technique can be used to study microbial dynamics, which was shown to vary over time with the removal efficiency of SBR treating APMP pulp and paper process wastewater.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biological and Environmental Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Jienan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Guigan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yingqiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D004526:Efficiency; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D010209:Paper; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D010545:Peroxides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical