title: High dose oral prednisone vs. prednisone plus azathioprine for the treatment of oral pemphigus: a retrospective, bi-centre, comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Steroids are considered the cornerstone in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris. However, subsequent morbidity of their use has led to the development of combined therapeutic protocols, using steroid sparing agents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare tolerability and efficacy of high dose oral prednisone daily, vs. low dose oral prednisone on alternate days plus azathioprine every day (Lever's mini treatment: LMT) in oral pemphigus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 36 patients with oral pemphigus vulgaris, treated with either 1.5 mg/kg/day of oral prednisone daily, or LMT were re-evaluated and statistically analysed. Primary endpoints were time required to control disease activity, prednisone dose required until the end of consolidation phase, cumulative prednisone dose and rates of remission. Secondary endpoints were time to complete (CR) or partial remission (PR) on/off therapy, treatment-associated morbidity and days of hospitalization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both treatments resulted in high rates of clinical response. The mean prednisone dose required until the end of consolidation phase, and until CR or PR, on/off minimal therapy, was significantly lower in LMT group. However, the mean time required until the control of disease activity and CR or PR, for the same group, was significantly higher. Adverse events were more frequent among patients under daily prednisone. Mean time of hospitalization was also longer in the latter group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both treatments seem efficacious. Rapidly progressive lesions necessitate high prednisone dose for early and adequate control of the disease. Patients with impaired physical status, especially those with relatively stable lesions, at baseline might safely and effectively be treated with LMT.
authors.affiliation: State Hospital for Dermatologic and Venereologic Diseases, Thessaloniki A' Department of Dermatology, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece. cgiorgos@otenet.gr
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chaidemenos
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Apalla
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koussidou
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papagarifallou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ioannides
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010392:Pemphigus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D001379:Azathioprine; D011241:Prednisone