title: Frequency and electrode discrimination in children with cochlear implants.
abstract: The objective of this study was to develop reliable pediatric psychophysical methodologies in order to address the limits of frequency and electrode discrimination in children with cochlear implants. Discrimination was measured with a two-alternative, adaptive, forced choice design using a video game graphical user interface. Implanted children were compared to normal-hearing children in the same age ranges. Twenty-nine implanted children and 68 children with normal-hearing performed frequency discrimination studies at varying frequencies. Electrode discrimination was assessed in thirty-four implanted children at varying electrode locations and stimulation intensities. Older children had better frequency discrimination than younger children, both for implanted and hearing subjects. Implanted children had worse frequency discrimination overall and exhibited learning effects at older ages than hearing children. Frequency discrimination Weber fractions were smallest in low frequencies. Electrode discrimination improved with stimulus intensity level for older but not younger children at all electrode locations. These results support the premise that developmental changes in signal processing contribute to discrimination of simple acoustic stimuli. For implanted children, auditory discrimination improved at lower frequencies and with electrodes at higher intensity. These findings imply that spatial separation may not be the key determinant in creating discriminable electrical stimuli for this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Iowa, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States. jokopelo@gmail.com
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kopelovich
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Eisen
authors.forename: Kevin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Franck
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D012048:Correction of Hearing Impairment; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006801:Humans; D019986:Persons with Hearing Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010897:Pitch Discrimination; D010898:Pitch Perception; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017603:Signal Detection, Psychological; D018910:Video Games