title: Lifetime depression and diabetes self-management in women with Type 2 diabetes: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about the association between lifetime history of major depressive disorder (L-MDD) and diabetes self-management, particularly when depression is remitted. We examined the association between L-MDD and diabetes self-management in women with Type 2 diabetes who were not depressed at the time of assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  L-MDD was assessed with structured psychiatric interview. Participants completed paper-and-pencil measures of demographics, diabetes-related distress, self-care behaviours, healthcare utilization and diabetes self-efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-hundred and fifty-three women participated; 41% had L-MDD. Compared with their never-depressed counterparts, women with L-MDD had more diabetes distress, reported lower overall rates of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and greater tendency to skip SMBG, had lower diet adherence and were less likely to have seen a primary care provider in the past year. Diabetes self-efficacy mediated the relationship between L-MDD and self-management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions to promote self-management for patients with L-MDD may be warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Behavioral Sciences and Community Health, Universityof Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06410, USA. juwagner@uchc.edu
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tennen
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Osborn
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000523:psychology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents