title: Identification of four SUMO paralogs in the medaka fish, Oryzias latipes, and their classification into two subfamilies.
abstract: At least four paralogs of the small ubiquitin-related modifier (SUMO) exist in humans, but there is limited information about SUMO paralogs from other vertebrate species. We isolated the four cDNA encoding proteins, similar to human SUMOs, from the medaka fish, Oryzias latipes: OlSUMO-1, OlSUMO-2, OlSUMO-3, and OlSUMO-4. The amino acid sequences of OlSUMO-2, -3, and -4 are 89-94% identical, but they share only 45% identity with OlSUMO-1. Phylogenetic analysis, transient expression of OlSUMOs in cultured cells, and in vitro binding of OlSUMOs with two SUMO-interacting proteins demonstrated that the medaka SUMO paralogs can be grouped into two subfamilies, OlSUMO-1 and OlSUMO-2/3/4. Furthermore, this is the first report of all four OlSUMO transcripts being expressed in medaka embryos, implying that they have a role in fish development. This study will improve understanding of the relationship between structural and functional diversity of SUMO paralogs during vertebrate evolution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Shinpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirozu
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Hisato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saitoh
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D030562:Databases, Protein; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009990:Oryzias / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics; D021381:Protein Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D058207:Sumoylation
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein