title: Occurrence and molecular characteristics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in an academic veterinary hospital.
abstract: Recently, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) have been increasingly isolated from veterinarians and companion animals. With a view to preventing the spread of MRSA and MRSP, we evaluated the occurrence and molecular characteristics of each in a veterinary college. MRSA and MRSP were isolated from nasal samples from veterinarians, staff members, and veterinary students affiliated with a veterinary hospital. Using stepwise logistic regression, we identified two factors associated with MRSA carriage: (i) contact with an identified animal MRSA case (odds ratio [OR], 6.9; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 2.2 to 21.6) and (ii) being an employee (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.0 to 19.4). The majority of MRSA isolates obtained from individuals affiliated with the veterinary hospital and dog patients harbored spa type t002 and a type II staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec), similar to the hospital-acquired MRSA isolates in Japan. MRSA isolates harboring spa type t008 and a type IV SCCmec were obtained from one veterinarian on three different sampling occasions and also from dog patients. MRSA carriers can also be a source of MRSA infection in animals. The majority of MRSP isolates (85.2%) carried hybrid SCCmec type II-III, and almost all the remaining MRSP isolates (11.1%) carried SCCmec type V. MRSA and MRSP were also isolated from environmental samples collected from the veterinary hospital (5.1% and 6.4%, respectively). The application of certain disinfection procedures is important for the prevention of nosocomial infection, and MRSA and MRSP infection control strategies should be adopted in veterinary medical practice.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582 Midorimachi Bunkyodai Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Natsumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimokubo
authors.forename: Akie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadosawa
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanaki
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control; D004285:Dogs; D004783:Environmental Microbiology; D006762:Hospitals, Animal; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods; D007564:Japan; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009666:Nose / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013334:Students; D018634:Veterinarians
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial