title: Can the combination of calcium and parathormone levels above K/DOQI guidelines be used as a marker of adynamic bone disease in African Americans?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients of African American descent are at risk for the development of adynamic bone disease at parathyroid hormone levels 50% above the K/DOQI guidelines. Since a low bone formation rate is associated with hypercalcemia, attempts to reach one K/DOQI guideline may result in serum calcium levels above another K/DOQI guideline. Calcium levels above K/DOQI guidelines therefore may signal a need to stop parathyroid suppression.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone biopsies were performed at the East Alabama Medical Center, in Opelika AL, USA on eight patients (four Caucasians, four African Americans) whose parathormone levels and serum calcium levels both exceeded K/DOQI guideline recommendations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients had mild to severe hyperparathyroid bone disease. No variable studied was predictive of the finding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small sample size and the unavailability of the original Nichols Diagnostic Institute radioimmunoassay for parathormone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find hypercalcemia predictive of adynamic bone in patients of African American descent at levels of parathormone where low bone formation rates have been documented to occur. Since no parameter predicted bone histology, perhaps bone biopsies will be necessary to distinguish hyperparathyroidism from adynamic bone disease in African Americans with ESRD, hypercalcemia, and moderately elevated levels of PTH. Further studies are needed to determine appropriate therapy.
authors.affiliation: Hypertension, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation Clinic, Auburn University, BLDG 21, 121 N 20th Street, Opelika, AL 36801, USA.
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Diskin
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Stokes
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Dansby
authors.forename: Lautrec
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Radcliff
authors.forename: Thomas B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000097:blood*; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone