title: Metal ion-mobilizing additives for comprehensive detection of femtomole amounts of phosphopeptides by reversed phase LC-MS.
abstract: It is hypothesized that metal ion-mediated adsorption of phosphorylated peptides on stationary phases of LC-columns is the major cause for their frequently observed poor detection efficiency in LC-MS. To study this phenomenon in more detail, sample solutions spiked with metal ion-mobilizing additives were analyzed by reversed phase μLC-ICP-MS or nanoLC-ESI-MS. Using μLC-ICP-MS, metal ions were analyzed directly as atomic ions. Using electrospray ionization, either metal ion chelates or phosphopeptide standard mixtures injected in subpicomole amounts were analyzed. Deferoxamine, imidazole, ascorbate, citrate, EDTA, and the tetrapeptide pSpSpSpS were tested as sample additives for the interlinked purposes of metal ion-mobilization and improvement of phosphopeptide recovery. Iron probably represents the major metal ion contamination of reversed phase columns. Based on the certified iron level in LC-grade solvents, a daily metal ion load of >10 pmol was estimated for typical nanoLC flow rates. In addition, phosphopeptide fractions from IMAC columns were identified as source for metal ion contamination of the LC column, as demonstrated for Ga(3+)-IMAC. The three metal ion-chelating additives, EDTA, citrate and pSpSpSpS, were found to perform best for improving the LC recovery of multiply phosphorylated peptides injected at subpicomole amounts. The benefits of metal ion-mobilizing LC (mimLC) characterized by metal ion complexing sample additives is demonstrated for three different instrumental setups comprising (a) a nanoUPLC-system with direct injection on the analytical column, (b) a nanoLC system with inclusion of a trapping column, and (c) the use of a HPLC-Chip system with integrated trapping and analytical column.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Structure Analysis, German Cancer Research Center, Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seidler
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zinn
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haaf
authors.forename: Martin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Boehm
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schlosser
authors.forename: Wolf D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Lehmann
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D056831:Coordination Complexes / Q000737:chemistry*; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000737:chemistry; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D012015:Reference Standards; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D056831:Coordination Complexes; D007093:Imidazoles; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010758:Phosphorus; C029899:imidazole; D000535:Aluminum; D014025:Titanium; D007501:Iron; D003676:Deferoxamine; D001205:Ascorbic Acid