title: Quantitative multiplex real-time PCR for detecting class 1, 2 and 3 integrons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Integrons are bacterial genetic elements that can capture and express genes contained in mobile cassettes. Integrons have been described worldwide in Gram-negative bacteria and are a marker of antibiotic resistance. We developed a specific and sensitive Taqman probe-based real-time PCR method with three different primer-probe pairs for simultaneous detection of the three main classes of integron.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sensitivity was assessed by testing mixtures of the three targets (intI integrase genes of each integron class) ranging from 10 to 10(8) copies. Specificity was determined with a panel of integron-containing and integron-free control strains. The method was then applied to clinical samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PCR method was specific and had a sensitivity of 10(2) copies for all three genes, regardless of their respective quantities. The method was quantitative from 10(3) to 10(7) copies, and was able to detect integrons directly in biological samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have developed a rapid, quantitative, specific and sensitive method that could prove useful for initial screening of Gram-negative isolates, or clinical samples, for likely multidrug resistance.
authors.affiliation: EA3175, Univ Limoges, Faculté de Médecine, 2 rue du Dr Marcland, 87025 Limoges, France.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Barraud
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Baclet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ploy
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D032023:Integrons; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity