title: A dietary supplement to improve the quality of sleep: a randomized placebo controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the effect of a dietary supplement containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, in association with Humulus lupulus extract, on the quality of sleep using the Leeds sleep evaluation questionnaire (LSEQ) in subjects with moderate to severe sleep disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized placebo-controlled trial, in a Population-based setting. Participants were adult patients 25 to 65 years old with a chronic primary insomnia who volunteered for the study. The tested intervention consisted of two soft gelatine capsules per day, containing either the dietary supplement (active group) or olive oil (placebo group) for a month. Subjects could also volunteer for two ancillary studies on melatonin and actigraphy. Evaluation criteria included i) perception of the quality of sleep at the end of treatment using the LSEQ questionnaire, ii) sleep efficiency measured by one-week actigraphic movement measurement performed before and during the treatment in a subsample of subjects, iii) night melatonin and 6 sulfatoxymelatonin (aMT6S) urine rates in a subsample of subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average of Leeds score was similar in both groups (p = 0.95). A marked improvement in the quality of sleep was observed in both placebo (62%) and active (65%) group (p = 0.52). The evolution of urinary melatonin, aMT6S, and of the Mel/aMT6S ratio showed no differences between the two groups. Sleep efficiency, as measured by actigraphy, improved similarly in both groups during the treatment period, from 72% to 76% and 75% in the active and placebo group respectively (p = 0.91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dietary supplement had neither effect on the perceived quality of sleep, nor on the melatonin metabolism and sleep-wake cycle.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  clinical trials.gov:NCT00484497.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, Lyon, France. catherine.cornu@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cornu
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Remontet
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Noel-Baron
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicolas
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Feugier-Favier
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Claustrat
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saadatian-Elahi
authors.forename: Behrouz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kassaï
mesh_terms: D056044:Actigraphy; D000328:Adult; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D027582:Humulus; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010936:Plant Extracts; C054513:6-sulfatoxymelatonin; D008550:Melatonin