title: Antimicrobial resistance and subtyping of Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis isolated from human outbreaks and poultry in southern Brazil.
abstract: To investigate antimicrobial resistance, 96 Salmonella enterica subspecies enterica serovar Enteritidis strains isolated from salmonellosis outbreaks and poultry-related products obtained in southern Brazil were analyzed. Macrorestriction patterns, obtained by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and phage types, were assessed. Although 43.75% of samples were sensitive to all drugs tested, resistance to sulfonamide (34.37%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (25.00%), nalidixic acid (14.58%), streptomycin (2.08%), gentamicin, and tetracycline (1.04%) was identified. Furthermore, 89.60% of strains belonged to phage type 4, and a predominant pulsed-field gel electrophoresis genotype represented by 82.29% of the strains was identified, suggesting that a clonal group was distributed in poultry, food, and human isolates. Although it was not possible to associate strains from different sources, the occurrence of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella Enteritidis strains supports the need to establish monitoring programs to identify the emergence of potential resistance patterns and to direct policies for use of these drugs in food-producing animals.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 91540-000 Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. clarissa@cnpsa.embrapa.br
authors.forename: C S L
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Streck
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: E M F
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dos Reis
authors.forename: M R I
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Canal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001434:Bacteriophage Typing; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011200:Poultry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial