title: Pd-catalyzed asymmetric hydrogenation of unprotected indoles activated by Brønsted acids.
abstract: The first highly enantioselective hydrogenation of simple indoles was developed with a Brønsted acid as an activator to form the iminium intermediate in situ, which was hydrogenated using Pd(OCOCF(3))(2)/(R)-H8-BINAP catalyst system with up to 96% ee. The present method provides an efficient route to enantioenriched 2-substituted and 2,3-disubstituted indolines.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China.
authors.forename: Duo-Sheng
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-An
authors.initials: QA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chang-Bin
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yong-Gui
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xumu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D006865:Hydrogenation; D007211:Indoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D010165:Palladium