title: The impact of miscarriage and parity on patterns of maternal distress in pregnancy.
abstract: The purpose of the current study was to examine patterns of state anxiety and pregnancy-specific distress across pregnancy in a diverse sample of women with (n = 113) and without (n = 250) prior miscarriage. For both groups, state anxiety and pregnancy-specific distress were highest in the first trimester and decreased significantly over the course of pregnancy. Compared to women without prior miscarriage, women with prior miscarriage experienced greater state anxiety in the second and third trimesters. Having a living child did not buffer state anxiety in women with a prior miscarriage. Attention to patterns of distress can contribute to delivery of appropriate support resources to women experiencing pregnancy after miscarriage and may help reduce risk for stress-related outcomes.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7460, USA.
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Woods-Giscombé
authors.forename: Marci
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lobel
authors.forename: Jamie L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Crandell
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology*; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States