New biological functions and applications of high-molecular-mass poly-gamma-glutamic acid.
Ultra-high-molecular-weight poly-gamma-glutamic acid (gamma-PGA) is a most promising biodegradable polymer that is produced by Bacillus subtilis (chungkookjang). Attractive properties of gamma-PGA are that it is water soluble, anionic, biodegradable, and edible. Development of gamma-PGA has pursued in terms of cosmetics/skin care, bone care, nanoparticle for drug delivery system, hydrogel, and so on. Very recently, our research has shown that gamma-PGA can be used as an immune-stimulating agent, especially at high molecular weight. This review presents the synthesis and production of high-molecular-weight gamma-PGA and its various applications in industrial fields.
Poo
Haryoung
H
KRIBB, 52 Oun-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
Park
Chung
C
Kwak
Mi-Sun
MS
Choi
Doo-Yeol
DY
Hong
Seung-Pyo
SP
Lee
Il-Han
IH
Lim
Yong Taik
YT
Choi
Young Ki
YK
Bae
Sun-Ryang
SR
Uyama
Hiroshi
H
Kim
Chul-Joong
CJ
Sung
Moon-Hee
MH
D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000378:metabolism; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D011099:Polyglutamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry
D003358:Cosmetics; D020100:Hydrogels; D007155:Immunologic Factors; C511775:poly(gamma-glutamic acid); D011099:Polyglutamic Acid