title: Spouses of older adults with late-life drinking problems: health, family, and social functioning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study focuses on the health, family, and social functioning of spouses of late-life remitted and continuing problem drinkers, and on predictors of spouses' alcohol-related functioning and depressive symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three groups of spouses were compared at baseline and a 10-year follow-up: (a) spouses (n = 73) of older adults who had no drinking problems at baseline or follow-up, (b) spouses (n = 25) of older adults who had drinking problems at baseline but not follow-up, and (c) spouses (n = 69) of older adults who had drinking problems at both baseline and follow-up. At each contact point, spouses completed an inventory that assessed their alcohol-related, health, family, and social functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, compared with spouses of problem-free individuals, spouses of older adults whose drinking problems later remitted reported more alcohol consumption, poorer health, more depressive symptoms, and less involvement in domestic tasks and social and religious activities. At the 10-year follow-up, spouses of remitted problem drinkers were comparable to spouses of problem-free individuals, but spouses of continuing problem drinkers consumed more alcohol, incurred more alcohol-related consequences, and had friends who approved more of drinking. Overall, spouses whose friends approved more of drinking and whose partners consumed more alcohol and had drinking problems were likely to consume more alcohol and to have drinking problems themselves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spouses of older adults whose late-life drinking problems remit can attain normal functioning; however, spouses of older adults with continuing late-life drinking problems experience some ongoing deficits.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Care Evaluation, Department of Veterans Affairs and Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA. rmoos@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Rudolf H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Moos
authors.forename: Penny L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Kathleen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Schutte
authors.forename: Bernice S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Moos
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012917:Social Adjustment; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology*