title: Association of plasma leptin levels and insulin resistance in diabetic women: a cross-sectional analysis in an Iranian population with different results in men and women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to assess the association of serum leptin levels with insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome (MetS), lipid levels, and glucose control in an Iranian type 2 diabetic population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this cross-sectional analysis, 132 type 2 diabetic patients (79 women) and 71 healthy non-diabetic and non-hypertensive individuals (40 women; as control subjects) were included. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) of insulin values ≥ 1.8 for females and 1.7 for males was regarded as the cut-point of IR. MetS was defined according to updated 2005 NCEP ATP III criteria. The leptin correlated with HOMA-IR values without adjustment (r = 0.24; p < 0.005) and with adjustment for sex and diabetes (r = 0.44; p < 0.005). Sex had significant effect on the BMI adjusted association of HOMA-IR (quintiles) and leptin (df = 4 F(12.7) = 3.5; p = 0.011). In diabetic women (but not men), leptin levels were different between those with and without IR (27.3 ± 1.9 vs. 18.2 ± 3.3; p < 0.05). BMI adjusted leptin values were different between subjects with and without MetS (22.2 ± 1.7 vs.14.8 ± 1.2; p < 0.001). No association was noticed between BMI-adjusted leptin with glycated hemoglobin or blood lipid levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, plasma leptin concentration correlated with IR independent of the effect of obesity in female but not male diabetic subjects.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Vali-Asr Hospital, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Manouchehr
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakhjavani
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esteghamati
authors.forename: Azam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tarafdari
authors.forename: Abdolrahim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikzamir
authors.forename: Haleh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.forename: Mehrshad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbasi
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007492:Iran; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides