title: Zingiber officinale (ginger) compounds have tetracycline-resistance modifying effects against clinical extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.
abstract: Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDRAB) is a growing and serious nosocomial infection worldwide, such that developing new agents against it is critical. The antimicrobial activities of the rhizomes from Zingiber officinale, known as ginger, have not been proven in clinical bacterial isolates with extensive drug-resistance. This study aimed to investigate the effects of four known components of ginger, [6]-dehydrogingerdione, [10]-gingerol, [6]-shogaol and [6]-gingerol, against clinical XDRAB. All these compounds showed antibacterial effects against XDRAB. Combined with tetracycline, they showed good resistance modifying effects to modulate tetracycline resistance. Using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging method, these four ginger compounds demonstrated antioxidant properties, which were inhibited by MnO₂, an oxidant without antibacterial effects. After the antioxidant property was blocked, their antimicrobial effects were abolished significantly. These results indicate that ginger compounds have antioxidant effects that partially contribute to their antimicrobial activity and are candidates for use in the treatment of infections with XDRAB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fragrance and Cosmetic Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, 100, Shih-Chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung City 807, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hui-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chung-Yi
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsi-An
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wan-Chun
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wei-Ru
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tun-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hsin-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Po-Liang
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chiu-Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yen-Hsu
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002396:Catechols / Q000494:pharmacology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry*; D006139:Guaiacol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D013753:Tetracycline Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: C555348:6-dehydrogingerdione; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002396:Catechols; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006139:Guaiacol; C040115:shogaol; C007845:gingerol