title: Impact of diabetes against the future risk of developing gout.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although hyperuricaemia and gout are associated with an increased future risk of diabetes, diabetes may reduce the future risk of gout through the uricosuric effect of glycosuria or the impaired inflammatory response. The present work evaluates the impact of diabetes on the future risk of developing gout.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study nested in a UK general practice database (the health improvement network) was conducted by identifying all incident cases of gout (N=24 768) and randomly sampling 50,000 controls who were 20-89 years between 2000 and 2007. The independent effect of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on the development of incident gout was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, general practitioner visits, smoking, alcohol intake, ischaemic heart disease and presence of cardiovascular risk factors, the RR for incident gout among patients with diabetes, as compared with individuals with no diabetes was 0.67 (95% CI 0.63 to 0.71). The multivariate RRs with the duration of diabetes of 0-3, 4-9 and ≥ 10 years were 0.81 (95% CI 0.74 to 0.90), 0.67 (95% CI 0.61 to 0.73) and 0.52 (95% CI 0.46 to 0.58), respectively. The inverse association was stronger with type 1 diabetes than with type 2 diabetes (multivariate RR, 0.33 vs 0.69) and stronger among men than women (p value for interaction < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with diabetes are at a lower future risk of gout independent of other risk factors. These data provide support for a substantial role of the pathophysiology associated with diabetes against the risk of developing gout.
authors.affiliation: Spanish Centre for Pharmacoepidemiological Research (CEIFE), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: García
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Lucia Cea
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Hyon K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006073:Gout / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017678:Sex Distribution; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult