title: Efficacy and safety of aceclofenac and drotaverine fixed-dose combination in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhoea: a double-blind, double-dummy, randomized comparative study with aceclofenac.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of aceclofenac-drotaverine combination against aceclofenac alone in patients with primary dysmenorrhoea.
  
  
  METHODS
  This double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, comparative, multicentric study enrolled 200 women (100 women in each arm) in the age range of 18-35 years with primary dysmenorrhoea at four centers. The patients were randomly allocated to either aceclofenac 100mg-drotaverine 80 mg b.i.d or aceclofenac 100mg alone b.i.d for a maximum of 3 days. Primary efficacy parameters were total area under pain relief (PR) score up to 4 and 8h (TOPAR/4 and TOPAR/8). Secondary efficacy measurements were pain-intensity difference (PID), sum of PID over 4 and 8h (SPID/4 and SPID/8), peak PID over 4 and 8h and peak PR over 4 and 8h, total study drug consumption, and patient's and investigator's global evaluation of the efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both treatments showed significant improvement in baseline values in all efficacy parameters. The combination was significantly superior to monotherapy in terms of TOPAR/4 (24.0 vs 18.54) (p=0.000) and TOPAR/8 (40.3 vs 35.2) (p=0.003), SPID/4 (-17.9 vs -13.88) (p=0.000) and SPID/8 (-31.06 vs -26.8) (p=0.001), peak PID/4 (-6.60 vs -5.75) (p=0.001) and peak PR/4 (8.26 vs 7.10) (p=0.000). At the end of 8h, both treatments were comparable with respect to peak PID/8 and peak PR/8 (p>0.05). The total number of doses consumed by patients treated with combination therapy was less than with monotherapy (150 vs 168 doses). The combination was significantly superior to monotherapy with respect to patient's and investigator's global evaluation of the efficacy (p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively). Both treatments were well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study establishes the efficacy of aceclofenac-drotaverine combination in patients with primary dysmenorrhoea. The fixed-dose combination of aceclofenac and drotaverine should therefore be considered as a suitable, effective and well tolerated treatment option for primary dysmenorrhoea.
authors.affiliation: Medical Affairs and Clinical Research, Ipca Laboratories Ltd., 142 AB, Kandivli Industrial Estate, Kandivli (West), Mumbai 400067, India. anilpareek@ipca.co.in
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pareek
authors.forename: Nitin B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Chandurkar
authors.forename: Rajeshree T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Patil
authors.forename: Swati N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Rajini B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Uday
authors.forename: Sanjaykumar G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Tambe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010208:Papaverine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D004008:Diclofenac; C005317:drotaverin; D010208:Papaverine; C056498:aceclofenac