title: Prospective longitudinal evaluation of lung function during the first year of life after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To collect longitudinal data on lung function in the first year of life after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and to evaluate relationships between lung function and perinatal factors. Longitudinal data on lung function in the first year of life after extracorporeal membrane oxygenation are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective longitudinal cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient clinic of a tertiary level pediatric hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort consisted of 64 infants; 33 received extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for meconium aspiration syndrome, 14 for congenital diaphragmatic hernia, four for sepsis, six for persistent pulmonary hypertension of the neonate, and seven for respiratory distress syndrome of infancy. Evaluation was at 6 mos and 12 mos; 39 infants were evaluated at both time points .
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Functional residual capacity and forced expiratory flow at functional residual capacity were measured and expressed as z score. Mean (sem) functional residual capacities in z score were 0.0 (0.2) and 0.2 (0.2) at 6 mos and 12 mos, respectively. Mean (sem) forced expiratory flow was significantly below average (z score = 0) (p < .001) at 6 mos and 12 mos: -1.1 (0.1) and -1.2 (0.1), respectively. At 12 mos, infants with diaphragmatic hernia had a functional residual capacity significantly above normal: mean (sem) z score = 1.2 (0.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation have normal lung volumes and stable forced expiratory flows within normal range, although below average, within the first year of life. There is reason to believe, therefore, that extracorporeal membrane oxygenation either ameliorates the harmful effects of mechanical ventilation or somehow preserves lung function in the very ill neonate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ward
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hofhuis
authors.forename: Manon N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Hanekamp
authors.forename: Hanneke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ijsselstijn
authors.forename: Eveline M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nieuwhof
authors.forename: Wim C J
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hop
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tibboel
authors.forename: Johan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de Jongste
authors.forename: Peter J F M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Merkus
mesh_terms: D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009426:Netherlands; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests