title: Effect of a 13-month deployment to Iraq on physical fitness and body composition.
abstract: This investigation evaluated the effects of a 13-month deployment to Iraq on body composition and selected fitness measures. Seventy-three combat arms soldiers were measured pre- and postdeployment. Body composition was assessed by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Strength was measured by single repetition maximum (1-RM) lifts on bench press and squat. Power was assessed by a bench throw and squat jump. Aerobic endurance was evaluated with a timed 2-mile run. Exercise and injury history were assessed by questionnaire. Upper and lower body strength improved by 7% and 8%, respectively (p < 0.001). Upper body power increased 9% (p < 0.001) and lean mass increased 3% (p < 0.05). In contrast, aerobic performance declined 13% (p < 0.001) and fat mass increased 9% (p < 0.05). Fewer soldiers participated in aerobic exercise or sports during deployment (p < 0.001). Unit commanders should be aware of potential fitness and body composition changes during deployment and develop physical training programs to enhance fitness following deployment.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Military Performance Division, Natick, MA 01760, USA.
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Lester
authors.forename: Joseph J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Knapik
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Catrambone
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antczak
authors.forename: Marilyn A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: Lolita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Burrell
authors.forename: Salima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darakjy
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D054542:Iraq War, 2003-2011; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult