Does surfactant type cause a differential proinflammatory response in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome?
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to compare the pulmonary inflammatory response of premature infants with respiratory distress following instillation of one of two commonly available surfactant preparations.


METHODS
This was a prospective, randomized investigation of preterm infants who were less than 30 weeks of gestational age, weighed less than 1 kg at birth, and who qualified to receive surfactant. Infants with multiple congenital anomalies or whose mothers were taking anti-inflammatory medications were ineligible. Tracheal aspirates (TAs) were collected on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and airway cytokines from TAs were assayed for interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6.


RESULTS
Infants were evenly matched by gestation (26+/-2 days and 26+/-1 days [mean+/-SD], Surfactant A and B, respectively) and birth weight (730+/-141 g and 732+/-167 g). TA cytokine levels were not different between or within groups. Ventilator requirements and clinical outcomes were similar between the two groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The postnatal airway inflammatory response observed in preterm infants is not altered by the instillation of either surfactant preparation.
Mercado
Vanessa V
VV
Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA. vanessa_mercado@nymc.edu
Cristea
Ioana
I
Ali
Noorjahan
N
Pham
Chau Chau
CC
Buescher
Elizabeth
E
Yang
Jean
J
Fisher
Joie
J
Maramreddy
Hima
H
Calo
Johanna
J
Strassberg
Sonya
S
Parton
Lance A
LA
D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D014132:Trachea / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants