title: Race and HIV clinical trial participation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to examine at the role race/ethnicity plays in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clinical trial enrollment.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  HIV clinical trials are vitally important for improving knowledge about medications and their impact on the pathogenesis of HIV/AIDS. African Americans are disproportionately underrepresented in HIV clinical trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 49-item survey was administered to 145 patients at an urban HIV clinic to explore race and HIV clinical trial participation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study participants were 56% Caucasian, 19% other, 16% African American, and 13% Hispanic. Fewer African Americans had been asked to participate in a trial compared to other groups (8% vs. 24%) (p < .05). African Americans were less likely to volunteer for a trial compared to Hispanics and Caucasians, but African Americans did not differ significantly in their willingness participate in clinical trials vs. other racial groups. In a regression model age, past trial participation, monetary gain, and comfort with the clinical setting predicted willingness to participate in a trial across racial groups (p < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a strong need to identify strategies to increase African American enrollment in trials. Such strategies need to begin with trial recruiters actively seeking out African Americans for clinical trial enrollment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, California 95817 USA. donna.defreitas@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DeFreitas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000208:ethnology*; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D044469:Racial Groups; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology