title: Perchloric acid catalyzed homogeneous and heterogeneous addition of beta-dicarbonyl compounds to alcohols and alkenes and investigation of the mechanism.
abstract: The direct addition of various beta-dicarbonyl compounds to a series of secondary alcohols and alkenes has been achieved using 1 mol % perchloric acid (HClO(4)) as the catalyst. The HClO(4)-catalyzed reactions could be conveniently conducted in commercial solvent and gave moderate to excellent yields. Moreover, the silica gel-supported HClO(4) could also catalyze the heterogeneous addition for a series of substrates with similar or even higher yields in comparison with the homogeneous ones. The supported catalyst could be readily recovered and reused for four runs. Furthermore, the mechanism of the HClO(4)-catalyzed addition of the beta-diketone to alcohol was investigated, and an S(N)1 mechanism was proved unambiguously for the first time through a series of experiments. The discrimination of catalytic abilities among different Brønsted acids was also rationalized by DFT calculations.
authors.affiliation: Key Lab for Advanced Materials and Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China. liupn@ecust.edu.cn
authors.forename: Pei Nian
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: Qing Wei
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu Lei
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yu Jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Xue Qing
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Jun Qin
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Chen