title: Decreased expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-5 during N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide-induced neuronal differentiation of ARPE-19 human retinal pigment epithelial cells: regulation by CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein.
abstract: Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein-5 (IGFBP5), an important member of the IGF axis involved in regulating cell growth and differentiation, acts by modulating IGF signaling and also by IGF-independent mechanisms. We identified IGFBP5 by microarray analysis as a gene differentially regulated during N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4HPR)-induced neuronal differentiation of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. IGFBP5 is expressed in human RPE cells, and its expression, mRNA as well as protein, is greatly decreased during the 4HPR-induced neuronal differentiation. Exogenous IGFBP5 does not block the neuronal differentiation indicating that IGFBP5 down-regulation may not be a prerequisite for the neuronal differentiation. IGFBP5 down-regulation, similar to neuronal differentiation, is mediated by the MAPK pathway since U0126, an inhibitor of MEK1/2, effectively blocked it. The overexpression of transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-beta (C/EBPbeta) inhibited the 4HPR-induced down-regulation of IGFBP5 expression and the neuronal differentiation of RPE cells. Interestingly, the binding of C/EBPbeta to the IGFBP5 promoter was decreased by the 4HPR treatment as indicated by gel shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses. Further, the deletion of C/EBP response element from IGFBP5 promoter markedly decreased the basal promoter activity and abolished its responsiveness to 4HPR treatment in reporter assays, suggesting that the expression of IGFBP5 is regulated by C/EBP. Thus, our results clearly demonstrate that the IGFBP5 expression is down-regulated during 4HPR-induced neuronal differentiation of human RPE cells through a MAPK signal transduction pathway involving C/EBPbeta.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Retinal Cell and Molecular Biology, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0706, USA. samuelw@nei.nih.gov
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: R Krishnan
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kutty
authors.forename: Camasamudram
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vijayasarathy
authors.forename: Iranzu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: T Michael
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Redmond
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D017313:Fenretinide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D055213:Retinal Pigment Epithelium / Q000166:cytology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5; D017313:Fenretinide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases