title: Evaluation of smear layer removal after use of a canal brush: an SEM study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate smear layer removal after using the new CanalBrush (Coltene/Whaledent GmbH+Co. KG, Germany).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty extracted maxillary anterior teeth were randomly divided into 2 equal groups. The canals of the teeth in each group were instrumented with ProTaper Universal rotary files (Dentsply Maillefer, Switzerland). Following each file use, the root canals in both groups were irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl and 15% EDTA. At the end of instrumentation, the canals in group 2 were flushed with 15% EDTA, then a CanalBrush was used for 30 seconds, and a final irrigation was conducted with 5.25% NaOCl. All teeth were processed for scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the removal of the smear layer was examined in the apical, middle, and coronal thirds. Analyses of SEM images were performed by 2 independent evaluators in a blinded manner and using a 4-point scoring system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The middle and apical thirds of the root canals in group 2 showed lower average scores than those in group 1, but the difference was not statistically significant. There was no significant difference in the coronal score between the groups (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Irrigating with brushing tended to produce cleaner canal walls, but irrigating brushing was not significantly better than irrigation alone in removing the smear layer on the canal walls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Yildiz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Garip
authors.forename: Hesna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sazak
authors.forename: Mahir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gunday
authors.forename: Seda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hatipoglu
mesh_terms: D003762:Dental Instruments; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004492:Edetic Acid; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite