title: 10-year course of social adjustment in major depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is now widely acknowledged that depression is accompanied by major deficits in social functioning. However, the course of this dysfunction and its relationship with depressive symptoms in the long term is less understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Group for Longitudinal Affective Disorders Study (GLADS) in Japan has conducted a 10-year prospective, serial follow-up of a cohort of mood disorder patients starting treatment for their index episode. The vicissitudes of the social adjustment of patients with major depression were analyzed using the standardized instrument (Social Adjustment Scale - Self-Report) and in conjunction with the measurement of depressive severity (Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed: (i) psychiatric patients with major depression commencing treatment showed moderate to extremely large social dysfunction at baseline; (ii) this dysfunction declined rapidly in the first six months of treatment but then levelled off and showed fluctuating patterns up to 10 years of follow-up; (iii) the degree of dysfunction varied from domain to domain, most notable in Work and least notable in Economy subscales; and (iv) the influence of persistent depression also varied from domain to domain, stronger in Housework and Leisure and weakest in Work spheres.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future studies of social functioning in depression need to differentiate its various aspects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioural Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan. furukawa@med.nagoya-cu.ac.up
authors.forename: Toshi A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Kiyohisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires