title: Does ozone water affect the bond strengths of orthodontic brackets?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ozone water can be used to eliminate micro-organisms from the water systems in dental offices.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if ozone water diminishes the bond strength of orthodontic adhesives.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty bovine mandibular incisors were randomly divided into four equal groups. The teeth were cleaned with pumice and washed either with tap water (Groups 1 and 3) or with ozone water Groups (2 and 4) before bonding stainless steel orthodontics brackets to the teeth with either a composite resin (Groups 1 and 2; Transbond XT, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA, USA) or a resin-modified glass ionomer cement (Groups 3 and 4; Fuji Ortho LC, GC America Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). The manufacturers' recommendations for bonding were followed. All samples were subjected to thermal cycling and the shear bond strengths were determined with a universal testing machine. The Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was used to score the amount of resin remaining on the teeth after debonding the brackets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistical differences in the shear bond strengths of the brackets debonded from enamel washed with either ozone water or tap water or between the groups bonded with the two adhesive resins (p = 0.595). The ARIs in Groups 2 and 3 were significantly different from the ARIs in Groups 3 and 4 (p = 0.030).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ozone water did not alter the bond strength of brackets bonded with composite resins, but it did alter the sites of resin fracture when Fuji Ortho LC was used.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. matheuspithon@bol.com.br
authors.forename: Matheus Melo
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pithon
authors.forename: Rogerio Lacerda
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: dos Santos
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D019551:Dental Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D010126:Ozone / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D003188:Composite Resins; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003738:Dental Cements; D019551:Dental Disinfectants; C095451:Fuji Ortho LC; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; D014867:Water; D013193:Stainless Steel; D010126:Ozone