title: Framing effects: behavioral dynamics and neural basis.
abstract: This study examined the neural basis of framing effects using life-death decision problems framed either positively in terms of lives saved or negatively in terms of lives lost in large group and small group contexts. Using functional MRI we found differential brain activations to the verbal and social cues embedded in the choice problems. In large group contexts, framing effects were significant where participants were more risk seeking under the negative (loss) framing than under the positive (gain) framing. This behavioral difference in risk preference was mainly regulated by the activation in the right inferior frontal gyrus, including the homologue of the Broca's area. In contrast, framing effects diminished in small group contexts while the insula and parietal lobe in the right hemisphere were distinctively activated, suggesting an important role of emotion in switching choice preference from an indecisive mode to a more consistent risk-taking inclination, governed by a kith-and-kin decision rationality.
authors.affiliation: Center for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hongming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: X T
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Liqi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D005715:Gambling / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012718:Set, Psychology; D055815:Young Adult