title: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in an adolescent.
abstract: Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a chronic, inflammatory disease of the kidney rarely found in the pediatric population. We report the case of a 16-year-old boy with fever, microscopic hematuria, and an enlarging cystic renal mass on ultrasonography. The patient had no evidence of renal stones and no known risk factors, other than a recent tattoo performed with unsterile equipment. Because the differential diagnoses included Wilms tumor, he underwent open exploration and nephrectomy. The histopathologic findings were consistent with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, and cultures grew methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. The etiology was believed to be bacterial seeding from the unsterile tattoo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Connecticut Children’s Medical Center, Hartford, Connecticut 06106, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chalmers
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marietti
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006417:Hematuria / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011705:Pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014946:Wound Infection / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination