title: Adrenaline inhibits the immunological activation of human basophils at pharmacological and ultra-low doses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adrenaline is known to inhibit the immunological activation of human basophils. The same effect can be obtained with ultra-low doses of histamine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present investigation was undertaken to verify the effects of ultra-low doses of adrenaline on the immunological activation of human basophils. For this purpose, purified human basophils were isolated from the blood of atopic donors and the response of the basophils to anti-IgE antiserum was evaluated by measuring the release of histamine and the expressions of the activation markers CD63 and CD203c on the basophil surface.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The antigenic activation of basophils was significantly decreased by adrenaline at both pharmacological and ultra-low doses. The inhibiting effects of adrenaline were reversed by the beta blocker propranolol at either dose level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although seemingly unexplainable by the currently accepted pharmacological principles, this phenomenon, already reported for histamine, deserves further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology Mario Aiazzi - Mancini, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Pier Francesco
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Mannaioni
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mastroianni
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mastrangelo
mesh_terms: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001491:Basophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006636:Histamine Release / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D060149:Tetraspanin 30
chemical_list: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D000941:Antigens; D015703:Antigens, CD; C554586:CD63 protein, human; C427944:ENPP3 protein, human; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D060149:Tetraspanin 30; C026408:anti-IgE antibodies; D011433:Propranolol; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D004837:Epinephrine