title: In vivo visualization of trophozoites in patients with amoebic colitis by using a newly developed endocytoscope.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The endocytoscopy system (ECS) is a new method to provide real-time super-magnifying microscopic imaging in vivo. Routine diagnosis of amebic colitis requires multiple tests that are both time consuming and costly.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of ECS to directly detect the amebic parasites in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, single-center, pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary-care university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 5 patients who were suspected to have amebic colitis by conventional colonoscopy in our institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  A super-magnifying ECS with 450 x magnification.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared ECS findings with those of conventional methods-serum antibody tests and histology of colon biopsy specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We successfully visualized the amebic trophozoites in all 5 cases. In contrast, 3 specimens had positive results on serology, and 3 had positive histology results on hematoxylin and eosin staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pilot study with a limited number of patients. Findings were compared only with serology and histology findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECS would be a useful tool for the prompt diagnosis of amebic colitis via the real-time in vivo visualization of amebic trophozoites.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Keio University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hosoe
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bessho
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Nagamu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imaeda
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwao
authors.forename: Seiki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Makio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogata
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hibi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D020685:Colonoscopes; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004404:Dysentery, Amebic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D004748:Entamoeba histolytica; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D053058:Trophozoites