title: The -351A/G polymorphism of ESR1 is associated with risk of myocardial infarction but not with extreme longevity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Women live longer than men. Some possible reasons for this advantage are the protection provided by high concentrations of 17β-estradiol (E2) during the premenopausal period and polymorphic variants of the estrogen receptors (ERs), which mediate various cardiovascular functions of E2.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested whether the -351A/G and -397T/C polymorphisms of the ERα-encoding ESR1 were associated with extreme longevity. The genomic DNA of 148 centenarians (C), 414 young controls (Y), and 208 myocardial infarction patients (MI) was analyzed by RFLP-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both polymorphisms were equally distributed in the Y, C, and in centenarians never diagnosed with MI (HC). In centenarians, none of these polymorphisms was associated with a particular lipid profile. The AA genotype of the -351A/G polymorphism was less frequent in the C, HC and Y groups than in MI patients (p=0.058, p=0.021, and p=0.004, respectively). In MI patients, the GG genotype of the -351A/G polymorphism was associated with significantly lower mean total cholesterol, LDL, and HDL levels compared to the AG (p=0.0194, p=0.0213, and p=0.0367, respectively) and AA genotypes (p=0.0014, p=0.0078, and p=0.0448, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The -351A/G ESR1 polymorphism might be associated with MI, but not with extreme longevity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical Center of Postgraduate Education, 99/103 Marymoncka Street, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roszkowska-Gancarz
authors.forename: Alina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurylowicz
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polosak
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ambroziak
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puzianowska-Kuznicka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008136:Longevity / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha