Effects of glutamine on glycemic control during and after exercise in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a pilot study.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate if oral glutamine ameliorates exercise and postexercise nighttime hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic adolescents.


METHODS
Ten adolescents (15.2 +/- 1.4 years [SD], A1C 6.9 +/- 0.9%) on insulin pumps were studied. The subjects were randomized to receive a glutamine or placebo drink pre-exercise and at bedtime (0.25 g/kg/dose). A 3:00 p.m. exercise session consisted of four 15-min treadmill/5-min rest cycles. Pre-exercise blood glucose was 140-150 mg/dl and was monitored throughout the night. Studies were randomized crossover over 3 weeks.


RESULTS
Blood glucose levels dropped comparably (52%) during exercise on both days. However, the overnight number of hypoglycemic events was higher on glutamine than placebo (<or=70 mg/dl, P = 0.03 and <or=60, P = 0.05). The cumulative probability of nighttime hypoglycemia was increased on glutamine days (80%) versus placebo days (50%) (P = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
Glutamine increased the cumulative probability of postexercise overnight hypoglycemia compared with placebo in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Whether glutamine may enhance insulin sensitivity postexercise requires further study in type 1 diabetes.
Mauras
Nelly
N
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Nemours Children's Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA. nmauras@nemours.org
Xing
Dongyuan
D
Fox
Larry A
LA
Englert
Kim
K
Darmaun
Dominique
D
D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005973:Glutamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005973:Glutamine