title: Surface modification of silicone breast implants by binding the antifibrotic drug halofuginone reduces capsular fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Capsular fibrosis is one of the most severe complications that can occur in connection with silicone breast implants. Should this case arise, a periprosthetic deposition of fibroid tissue may evolve. Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta is one of the most important mediators in relation to such processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The chinazolinone derivative halofuginone is a type I collagen synthesis inhibitor that interferes with the TGF-beta signaling pathway. The work at hand examines the local antifibrotic effectiveness of halofuginone lactate, which has been biotechnologically bound to the silicone implant's surface. The experiments in relation to this were conducted in vivo on two groups of seven Sprague-Dawley rats. Group I received untreated silicone implants, and group II received halofuginone-coated silicone implants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Submusculary embedded halofuginone-coated silicone implants have shown no systemic side effects. The histologic and immunohistologic examinations of the periprostatic capsules revealed a significant decrease of CD68 histiocytes, TGF-beta, fibroblasts, collagen type I and type III, and capsular thickness after a 3-month period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results confirmed a decrease in foreign body responses to halofuginone surface-modified silicone implants and mark their potential for obtaining a lessened capsular fibrosis by way of a local antifibrotic effect.
authors.affiliation: Wuerzburg, Germany From the Departments of Trauma, Hand, Plastic, and Reconstructive Surgery, and General, Visceral, Vascular, and Pediatric Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg.
authors.forename: Philip H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Zeplin
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Larena-Avellaneda
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018427:Breast Implants; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D052999:Quinazolinones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012825:Silicon; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D024042:Collagen Type I; D010880:Piperidines; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D052999:Quinazolinones; C010176:halofuginone; D012825:Silicon