title: Inter-laboratory comparison of radiometric culture for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis using raw milk from known infected herds and individual dairy cattle in Victoria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the results of radiometric culture conducted in three Australian laboratories for Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (Mptb) using bulk vat and individual animal milk samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Milk samples were collected from 15 cows exhibiting clinical signs of Johne's disease, and subsequently confirmed as infected with Mptb, and from the bulk milk vats on 91 farms running herds known to be infected with Mptb. Each milk sample was divided into three equivalent samples and one of each of the replicates was forwarded to the three participating laboratories. The identity and nature of the samples was protected from the study collaborators. The laboratories processed the samples and undertook radiometric culture for Mptb using their standard method. Results of testing were provided to the principal investigator for collation and analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 2 (2.2%) of 91 vat-milk samples and 8 (53.3%) of 15 individual cows' milk samples returned positive radiometric milk culture results. Only one sample, from a clinical case of Johne's disease, was identified as positive by more than one laboratory. There were differences in the absolute frequency with which Mptb was identified in the milk samples by the collaborating laboratories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mptb was cultured from a very small percentage of Australian raw bulk milk samples sourced from known infected herds. By contrast, Mptb was successfully cultured from half of the milk samples collected from clinically affected cows. There was no statistical difference between laboratories in the proportion of vat samples or individual animal milk samples in which Mptb was detected.
authors.affiliation: Biosecurity Victoria, Department of Primary Industries,Victoria 3953, Australia. sally.ridge@dpi.vic.gov.au
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ridge
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andreata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cantlon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Florisson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gwozdz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards*; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000635:transmission; D011874:Radiometry / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014739:Victoria; D015047:Zoonoses