title: Vitreoschisis in macular diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vitreoschisis is a possible pathogenic mechanism in macular diseases. Thus, the vitreoretinal interface was evaluated in monkey eyes and patients with various macular diseases in search of vitreoschisis. It is hypothesised that vitreoschisis is present in macular holes (MH) and macular pucker (MP), but not in other maculopathies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histopathology was studied in 14 monkey eyes and a vitrectomy specimen of a patient with macular pucker. Optical coherence tomography/scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (OCT/SLO) was performed in 239 eyes: 45 MH, 45 MP, 51 dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), 53 non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and 45 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunohistochemistry demonstrated lamellae in the posterior vitreous cortex of 12/14 (86%) monkey eyes. With OCT/SLO, vitreoschisis was detected in 24/45 (53%) MH and 19/45 (42%) MP eyes, but in only 7/53 (13%) NPDR, 3/51 (6%) AMD and 3/45 (7%) control eyes (p<0.001 for all comparisons). Rejoining of the inner and outer walls of the split posterior vitreous cortex was visible in 16/45 (36%) MH eyes and 15/45 (33%) MP eyes. Histopathology of the MP specimen confirmed a split with rejoining in the posterior vitreous cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitreoschisis was detected in half of eyes with MH and MP, but much less frequently in controls, AMD and NPDR patients. These findings suggest that anomalous PVD with vitreoschisis may be pathogenic in MH and MP.
authors.affiliation: VMR Institute, 7677 Center Avenue, Suite 400, Huntington Beach, CA 92647, USA.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Kenneth M P
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Jignesh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parikh
authors.forename: Gregory S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Hageman
authors.forename: Alfredo A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sadun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sebag
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002140:California; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011323:Primates; D011859:Radiography; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000473:pathology*; D020255:Vitreous Detachment / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*