title: Bone metastases from renal cell carcinoma: patient survival after surgical treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgery is the primary treatment of skeletal metastases from renal cell carcinoma, because radiation and chemotherapy frequently are not effecting the survival. We therefore explored factors potentially affecting the survival of patients after surgical treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 101 patients operatively treated for skeletal metastases of renal cell carcinoma between 1980 and 2005. Overall survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. The effects of different variables were evaluated using a log-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  27 patients had a solitary bone metastasis, 20 patients multiple bone metastases and 54 patients had concomitant visceral metastases. The overall survival was 58% at 1 year, 37% at 2 years and 12% at 5 years. Patients with solitary bone metastases had a better survival (p < 0.001) compared to patients with multiple metastases. Age younger than 65 years (p = 0.036), absence of pathologic fractures (p < 0.001) and tumor-free resection margins (p = 0.028) predicted higher survival. Gender, location of metastases, time between diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma and treatment of metastatic disease, incidence of local recurrence, radiation and chemotherapy did not influence survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that patients with a solitary metastasis or a limited number of resectable metastases are candidates for wide resections. As radiation and chemotherapy are ineffective in most patients, surgery is a better option to achieve local tumor control and increase the survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Campus Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Marchioninistr 15, 81377 Munich, Germany. andreas.fottner@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fottner
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szalantzy
authors.forename: Lilly
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wirthmann
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stähler
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baur-Melnyk
authors.forename: Volkmar
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: Hans Roland
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Dürr
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome