title: Infarction limited to both middle cerebellar peduncles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) is supplied mainly by the anterior inferior cerebellar artery and partly by the superior cerebellar artery. The bilateral MCP infarctions in previous patients were attributed to alternations of two vessels, such as the unilateral vertebral artery and basilar artery or both vertebral arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a case of bilateral acute infarction of the MCP and the stroke was apparently caused by occlusion of only one vertebral artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 63-year-old man presented with vertigo and auditory distortion, accompanied by difficulty in speaking and walking. Neurological examinations revealed bilateral horizontal nystagmus, scanning speech, and ataxia of the trunk and all four limbs. Brain MRI showed high signal intensity in the both MCPs on diffusion-weighted and T2-weighted images. Enhanced computed tomographic angiography showed fusiform dilatation at the V4 level of the right vertebral artery; a false lumen was evident in the dilatation. Right vertebral angiography showed occlusion from the C1 level to the foramen magnum. Left vertebral angiography revealed a hypoplastic vertebral artery with a maximum diameter of 2.5 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alternations of the vertebral artery should be considered as a possible cause of MCP infarction, particularly when such anomalies are suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan. hk55@naramed-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Tesseki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugie
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D002531:Cerebellum / Q000098:blood supply*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014711:Vertebral Artery