title: One unit's experiences when establishing buttonhole technique, analysis of reasons for failure of procedure: a report.
abstract: The buttonhole technique of access of needle insertion into a single selected site in the arteriovenous fistula has proved to be a reliable alternative to older methods due to its overall low complication rates. Although the use of blunt needles improves the technique, the success rate of cannulation with these needles is difficult to predict. We analysed the short-term outcome of 16 patients receiving in-centre haemodialysis and compared clinical relevant parameters between patients with and without buttonhole technique failure. Our dialysis unit treats about 180 patients and is located in a tertiary hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. The variables as discussed in the paper were the same for both groups. The incidence of technique failure was 43.7%. Patients enrolled later in the study had a better buttonhole failure-free survival rates than patients enrolled at the beginning (p < 0.05). Patients' clinical characteristics did not predict the success rate of buttonhole tunnel tracks cannulation with blunt needles. This paper also reports on our successes and failures in buttonhole technique and gives some reasons and reflections for both.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Hospital Cruz Azul, Sâo Paulo CEP: 01538-000, SP, Brazil. nzgalante@nefro.epm.br
authors.forename: Nelson Zocoler
authors.initials: NZ
authors.lastname: Galante
authors.forename: Lúcia Lima
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Rabelo
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Rozana Aparecida
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bonato
authors.forename: Luiz Sergio
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Azevedo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D001938:Brazil; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016019:Survival Analysis