Synergistic antiviral effect of Galanthus nivalis agglutinin and nelfinavir against feline coronavirus.
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal disease in domestic and nondomestic felids caused by feline coronavirus (FCoV). Currently, no effective vaccine is available for the prevention of this disease. In searching for agents that may prove clinically effective against FCoV infection, 16 compounds were screened for their antiviral activity against a local FCoV strain in Felis catus whole fetus-4 cells. The results showed that Galanthus nivalis agglutinin (GNA) and nelfinavir effectively inhibited FCoV replication. When the amount of virus preinoculated into the test cells was increased to mimic the high viral load present in the target cells of FIP cats, GNA and nelfinavir by themselves lost their inhibitory effect. However, when the two agents were added together to FCoV-infected cells, a synergistic antiviral effect defined by complete blockage of viral replication was observed. These results suggest that the combined use of GNA and nelfinavir has therapeutic potential in the prophylaxis and treatment of cats with early-diagnosed FIP.
Hsieh
Li-En
LE
Graduate Institute of Veterinary Medicine, School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
Lin
Chao-Nan
CN
Su
Bi-Ling
BL
Jan
Tong-Rong
TR
Chen
Chi-Min
CM
Wang
Ching-Ho
CH
Lin
Dah-Sheng
DS
Lin
Chung-Tien
CT
Chueh
Ling-Ling
LL
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002415:Cats; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016765:Coronavirus, Feline / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016766:Feline Infectious Peritonitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D005333:Fetus; D027801:Galanthus; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D037121:Plant Lectins; C063117:snowdrop lectin; D019888:Nelfinavir