Application of a permethrin immunosorbent assay method to residential soil and dust samples.
A low-cost, high throughput bioanalytical screening method was developed for monitoring cis/trans-permethrin in dust and soil samples. The method consisted of a simple sample preparation procedure [sonication with dichloromethane followed by a solvent exchange into methanol:water (1:1)] with bioanalytical detection using a magnetic particle enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative recoveries (83-126%) of cis/trans-permethrin were obtained for spiked soil and dust samples. The percent difference of duplicate ELISA analyses was within +/- 20% for standards and +/- 35% for samples. Similar sample preparation procedures were used for the conventional gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis except that additional cleanup steps were required. Recoveries of cis/trans-permethrin ranged from 81 to 108% for spiked soil and dust samples by GC/MS. The ELISA-derived permethrin concentrations were highly correlated with the GC/MS-derived sum of cis/trans-permethrin concentrations with a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.986. The ELISA method provided a rapid qualitative screen for cis/trans-permethrin in soil and dust while providing a higher sample throughput with a lower cost as compared to the GC/MS method. The ELISA can be applied as a complementary, low-cost screening tool to prioritize and rank samples prior to instrumental analysis for exposure studies.
Chuang
Jane C
JC
Battelle, Columbus, Ohio 43201, USA. chuangj@battelle.org
Van Emon
Jeanette M
JM
Tefft
Margaret E
ME
Wilson
Nancy K
NK
D000327:Adsorption; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007164:Immunosorbents / Q000737:chemistry; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D026023:Permethrin / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
D004391:Dust; D007164:Immunosorbents; D007306:Insecticides; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D026023:Permethrin