title: Patient morbidity and root coverage outcome after subepithelial connective tissue and de-epithelialized grafts: a comparative randomized-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this randomized-controlled clinical trial was to compare the patient morbidity and root coverage outcomes of a coronally advanced flap (CAF) with connective tissue (CTG) or de-epithelialized gingival (DGG) grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with one recession each were treated. In the control group, the CTG was harvested using the trap-door approach while in the test group the CTG resulted from the de-epithelialization of a free gingival graft.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were demonstrated between groups in patients's pain killer consumption, post-operative discomfort and bleeding. Lower stress and better ability to chew were demonstrated in the CTG group. Analgesic consumption increased with increasing height of the graft and in the case of dehiscence/necrosis of the primary flap. Pain was negatively correlated with the residual thickness of soft tissue covering the palatal bone. A statistically greater increase in buccal soft tissue thickness was observed in the DGG group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No differences were demonstrated in the post-operative pain and root coverage outcome in patients subjected to CAF with CTG or DGG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Odontostomatology, Bologna University, Bologna, Italy. giovanni.zucchelli@unibo.it
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zucchelli
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefanini
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazzotti
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marzadori
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Montebugnoli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Sanctis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000637:transplantation*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000637:transplantation*; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000601:surgery*; D005893:Gingivoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000637:transplantation*; D010149:Postoperative Pain; D021362:Palate, Hard / Q000601:surgery; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult