Case finding for hypertension in young adult patients attending a missionary hospital in Nigeria.
OBJECTIVE
This study was carried out to search for cases of undetected hypertension in young adult male and non-pregnant female patients (18 - 44years) attending a catholic mission hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria so as to provide evidence for routine blood pressure checks in this age group. It also sought to determine risk factors present in those found to be hypertensive and to detect complications of hypertension, if present.


METHODS
Semi-structured questionnaire was administered and physical examination was carried out on the eligibles. Laboratory analysis of blood and urine was done for the consenting subjects with confirmed hypertension. A descriptive, hospital-based cross-sectional study, which took place at the Out-Patients Department of St. Mary's Catholic General Hospital, Eleta, Ibadan. Consecutive young adult male and non-pregnant female patients aged 18 - 44 years attending the hospital for the first time between February 2007 and August 2007, that met the inclusion criteria and consented to participation.


METHODS
Frequency distribution was done to describe the data, while cross-tabulation, t-test, chi-square test and one-way ANOVA were done to explore association between variables as appropriate.


RESULTS
Out of the 405 subjects that participated in the study, 124(30.6%) were hypertensive. The mean age of the subjects was 31.6 +/-6.9 years. A total of 154 (38%) were male and 251(62%) female. Mean BMI was 23.7+/-4.3 kg/m(2). The study revealed that age, occupation, body mass index, waist circumference and hip circumference were significantly associated with high blood pressure. Clinical evidence of target end-organ damage seen include left ventricular hypertrophy in 22(17.7%) congestive cardiac failure in 3(2.4%), retinopathy in 5(4.0%), nephropathy in 12(26.1%) and transient ischaemic attack in 1(0.8%).


CONCLUSIONS
Undetected cases of hypertension, with complications and target end-organ damage, exist in young adults in Ibadan and family physicians and other primary care physicians, especially in Nigeria, should pay attention to case finding for hypertension in this age group.
Ekore
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RI
University Health Services (Jaja Clinic), University of Ibadan, Nigeria. ilemonajohn@yahoo.co.uk
Ajayi
I O
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Arije
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A
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016519:Hospitals, Religious; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D010045:Outpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents