title: Double-blind fluoxetine trial in comorbid MDD-CUD youth and young adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the acute phase (12-week) efficacy of fluoxetine versus placebo for the treatment of the depressive symptoms and the cannabis use of adolescents and young adults with comorbid major depression (MDD) and a cannabis use disorder (CUD) (cannabis dependence or cannabis abuse). We hypothesized that fluoxetine would demonstrate efficacy versus placebo for the treatment of the depressive symptoms and the cannabis use of adolescents and young adults with comorbid MDD/CUD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted the first double-blind placebo-controlled study of fluoxetine in adolescents and young adults with comorbid MDD/CUD. All participants in both treatment groups also received manual-based cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and motivation enhancement therapy (MET) during the 12-week course of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluoxetine was well tolerated in this treatment population. No significant group-by-time interactions were noted for any depression-related or cannabis-use related outcome variable over the 12-week study. Subjects in both the fluoxetine group and the placebo group showed significant within-group improvement in depressive symptoms and in number of DSM diagnostic criteria for a CUD. Large magnitude decreases in depressive symptoms were noted in both treatment groups, and end-of-study levels of depressive symptoms were low in both treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluoxetine did not demonstrate greater efficacy than placebo for treating either the depressive symptoms or the cannabis-related symptoms of our study sample of comorbid adolescents and young adults. The lack of a significant between-group difference in these symptoms may reflect limited medication efficacy, or may result from efficacy of the CBT/MET psychotherapy or from limited sample size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PAARC Suite, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. corneliusjr@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Jack R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cornelius
authors.forename: Oscar G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Bukstein
authors.forename: Antoine B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Douaihy
authors.forename: Duncan B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Tammy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Dennis C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.forename: D Scott
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Sandra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010919:Placebos; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D010919:Placebos; D005473:Fluoxetine