title: Effect of borneol on the distribution of danshensu to the eye in rabbit via oral administration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Both borneol and danshensu are bioactive substances derived from traditional Chinese medicine. In this paper, the effect of borneol on the distribution of danshensu to the eyes in rabbits via oral administration was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rabbits were injected danshensu (1.0 g/kg) into the auris dextra vein 15 min after intragastric administration of borneol and the danshensu concentrations in plasma, aqueous humor, and vitreous humor were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Draize test was used to examine the eye irritation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the administration of danshensu alone, danshensu concentrations co-administrated with borneol in plasma were between 60.99 and 722.90 microg/ml. Peak times (T(max)) in both groups appeared at 0 min; however, compared with the control group, the values were not statistically significant although they differ (P > 0.05). The concentrations of danshensu in aqueous humor and vitreous humor in test group are higher than that in control group. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). T(max) in both groups appeared at 25 min. Neither irritation nor inflammatory reaction was found during the examinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that the promoting effect of borneol on the permeability of drugs through the blood-ocular barrier in vivo is obvious, which indicates that borneol has the potential to be used as an ocular penetration enhancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Zhijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dianjun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xueqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luan
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism; D001682:Biological Availability; D001692:Biological Transport; D018916:Blood-Aqueous Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D001813:Blood-Retinal Barrier / Q000187:drug effects; D001892:Camphanes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003315:Cornea / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D007773:Lactates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001892:Camphanes; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007773:Lactates; C035055:3,4-dihydroxyphenyllactic acid; C022871:isoborneol