title: Acetogenic fibers reduce fasting glucose turnover but not peripheral insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The acute ingestion of an acetogenic indigestible carbohydrate (lactulose) increased acetate turnover associated with decreased lipolysis (glycerol turnover) in insulin-resistant patients. It is not known whether a decreased lipolysis by chronic ingestion of acetogenic indigestible carbohydrates or fibers improves glucose turnover and insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one men with metabolic syndrome ingested daily standardized drinks, with or without 28 g acetogenic fibers (acacia gum and pectin), for 5 weeks in a randomized double-blind crossover controlled study design. Euglycaemic-hyperinsulinaemic (EH) clamps coupled with kinetic studies were performed in the fasting state after treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flatulence was more frequent with fiber treatment. Body weight, lipids as well as acetate and glycerol turnovers were unchanged. Fasting endogenous glucose turnover was improved after fiber treatment (7.9 ± 1.3 μmol kg(-1) min(-1)) compared with control (8.6 ± 1.6 μmol kg(-1) min(-1), P < 0.05). But insulin sensitivity (glucose infusion rate) during the EH clamp was not different at the end of fiber and control treatments, 3.7 ± 1.8 and 3.8 ± 1.5 mg kg(-1) min(-1), respectively, nor fasting plasma glucose and insulin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The chronic ingestion of acacia gum and pectin fibers did not decrease lipolysis but improved fasting endogenous glucose turnover with no effect on peripheral insulin resistance in metabolic syndrome patients.
authors.affiliation: Nestlé Research Centre, P.O. Box 44, Vers-Chez-Les-Blanc, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland. etienne.pouteau@rdls.nestle.com
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pouteau
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ferchaud-Roucher
authors.forename: Yassine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zair
authors.forename: Morine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paintin
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enslen
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Auriou
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Macé
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Godin
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ballèvre
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krempf
mesh_terms: D054378:Acetogenins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005215:Fasting; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D006170:Gum Arabic / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008066:Lipolysis; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054378:Acetogenins; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D006170:Gum Arabic