title: The effect of therapeutic touch on postoperative patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Therapeutic Touch (TT) is a complementary modality that has been demonstrated to reduce psychological distress and help patients to relax. It is unclear if there is an impact of TT on biobehavioral markers such as cortisol and natural killer cells (NKCs). There is some preliminary evidence that suggests relaxation may have positive effects on the immune system.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the efficacy of TT on pain and biobehavioral markers in patients recovering from vascular surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was grounded in a psychoneuroimmunology framework to address how complementary therapies affect pain and biobehavioral markers associated with recovery in surgical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a between-subjects intervention study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one postoperative surgical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measures of level of pain and levels of cortisol and NKCs were obtained before and after a TT treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with those who received usual care, participants who received TT had significantly lower level of pain, lower cortisol level, and higher NKC level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence supports TT as a beneficial intervention with patients. Future research on TT is still needed to learn more about how it functions. However, there is evidence to support incorporating TT into nursing practice.
authors.affiliation: Yvonne L. Munn Center for Nursing Research, USA. abcoakley@partners.org
authors.forename: Amanda Bulette
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Coakley
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Duffy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006694:Holistic Health; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000451:nursing* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000451:nursing* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D019124:Therapeutic Touch / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000534:rehabilitation*
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone