title: What do research ethics committees say about applications to conduct research involving children?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify issues raised by research ethics committees (RECs) in letters about applications to conduct research involving children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of 80 provisional and unfavourable opinion decision letters written by RECs in response to applications to conduct research involving child participants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RECs were most likely to be concerned about issues relating to consent, recruitment, care and protection of participants, scientific design and confidentiality. RECs focused on children's status as "vulnerable". They sought to ensure that children would be protected, that appropriate written language would be used to communicate with children and that an appropriate person would give consent for children to participate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Researchers should be attentive to issues of potential vulnerability when preparing applications. REC letters may be improved by giving clear and explicit reasons for their opinions.
authors.affiliation: Social Sciences Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. elj1@le.ac.uk
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Angell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Biggs
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gahleitner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dixon-Woods
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare / Q000941:ethics; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003219:Confidentiality / Q000941:ethics; D003657:Decision Making; D028744:Ethics Committees, Research; D032984:Ethics, Research; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000941:ethics; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000941:ethics*; D006113:United Kingdom