title: Detection of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in body fluids from HCV monoinfected and HCV/HIV coinfected patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The possibility of the non-parenteral Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) transmission is supported by the demonstration that the actual virus is present in several body fluids. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the detection of HCV RNA in body fluids (saliva, cervical smears, seminal fluid and peripheral blood mononuclear cells) from chronically HCV-infected patients and several viral and host factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study comprised 16 HIV/ HCV coinfected and 21 HCV monoinfected patients with a median age of 38 and 45 years, respectively. HCV-RNA was detected in serum and fluids samples by reverse transcription-nested polymerase chain reaction. Genotypes were determined by using RFLP and direct nucleotide sequencing of the PCR products and plasma viral loads by using NASBA HCV-QT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When compared on the basis of the results of the detection of HCV-RNA in fluids, patients did not differ significantly in relation to viral load, genotype, HCV/HIV coinfection, and epidemiological host factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that HCV can be detected in body fluids of chronically HCV-infected patients independent of these cofactors, including circulating HCV load and HCV/HIV coinfection. Studies on HCV dynamics are needed to gain insights into nonparenteral transmission of HCV.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Virología "Dr. J. M. Vanella", Facultad de Ciencias Médicas - Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. tordo1974@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Adrián
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farías
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ré
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mengarelli
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kremer
authors.forename: Maria Belén
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Pisano
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Allende
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nicolás
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Elbarcha
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Contigiani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000821:virology*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000821:virology; D012661:Semen / Q000821:virology; D014626:Vaginal Smears
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral