title: Mutation in Wilted Dwarf and Lethal 1 (WDL1) causes abnormal cuticle formation and rapid water loss in rice.
abstract: Epidermal cell layers play important roles in plant defenses against various environmental stresses. Here we report the identification of a cuticle membrane mutant, wilted dwarf and lethal 1 (wdl1), from a rice T-DNA insertional population. The mutant is dwarf and die at seedling stage due to increased rates of water loss. Stomatal cells and pavement cells are smaller in the mutant, suggesting that WDL1 affects epidermal cell differentiation. T-DNA was inserted into a gene that encodes a protein belonging to the SGNH subfamily, within the GDSL lipase superfamily. The WDL1-sGFP signal coincided with the RFP signal driven by AtBIP-mRFP, indicating that WDL1 is an ER protein. SEM analyses showed that their leaves have a disorganized crystal wax layer. Cross-sectioning reveals loose packing of the cuticle and irregular thickness of cell wall. Detailed analyses of the epicuticular wax showed no significant changes either in the total amount and amounts of each monomer or in the levels of lipid polymers, including cutin and other covalently bound lipids, attached to the cell wall. We propose that WDL1 is involved in cutin organization, affecting depolymerizable components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Jinmi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jung-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hee Joong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Kosala
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ranathunge
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: Rochus
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: In-Jung
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gynheung
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010539:Permeability; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; C036483:T-DNA; D014867:Water