title: Does surfactant type cause a differential proinflammatory response in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objective of this study was to compare the pulmonary inflammatory response of premature infants with respiratory distress following instillation of one of two commonly available surfactant preparations.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, randomized investigation of preterm infants who were less than 30 weeks of gestational age, weighed less than 1 kg at birth, and who qualified to receive surfactant. Infants with multiple congenital anomalies or whose mothers were taking anti-inflammatory medications were ineligible. Tracheal aspirates (TAs) were collected on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 and airway cytokines from TAs were assayed for interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infants were evenly matched by gestation (26+/-2 days and 26+/-1 days [mean+/-SD], Surfactant A and B, respectively) and birth weight (730+/-141 g and 732+/-167 g). TA cytokine levels were not different between or within groups. Ventilator requirements and clinical outcomes were similar between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The postnatal airway inflammatory response observed in preterm infants is not altered by the instillation of either surfactant preparation.
authors.affiliation: Maria Fareri Children's Hospital, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA. vanessa_mercado@nymc.edu
authors.forename: Vanessa V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Mercado
authors.forename: Ioana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cristea
authors.forename: Noorjahan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Chau Chau
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buescher
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Joie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Hima
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maramreddy
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calo
authors.forename: Sonya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Strassberg
authors.forename: Lance A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Parton
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D014132:Trachea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants