title: Development of novel measurement assay for calcium in serum by the chlorophosphonazo-III vanadate method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chlorophosphonazo-III (2,7-bis[4-chloro-2-phosphonophenylazo]-1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-naphthalenedisulphonic acid, disodium salt; CPZ-III) reacts with calcium and magnesium in a sample under acidic to neutral conditions. However, the specific method of measuring calcium in serum using CPZ-III has not been established because of the difficulty of avoiding the interaction between CPZ-III and albumin.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we found that the non-specific reaction between CPZ-III and albumin could be controlled and calcium in serum could be specifically detected using CPZ-III combined with vanadate. On the basis of this finding, we evaluated a novel method of serum calcium determination using CPZ-III.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This CPZ-III vanadate method gave linear results from 0 to 7.0 mmol/L. The coefficient of variation was 0.63-0.76%. There was no interference except with Omniscan. There was no change in control performance during 60 d under open-air conditions. The assay results correlated well with those of the Arsenazo-III (2,7-bis(2-arsonophenylazo)-1,8-dihydroxy-3,6-naphthalenedisulphonic acid) method (slope = 1.067; intercept = -0.120; r = 0.989; Sy/x = 0.036 mmol/L), o-cresolphthalein complexone method (slope = 0.911; intercept = 0.186; r = 0.988; Sy/x = 0.035 mmol/L), amylase enzymatic method (slope = 0.981; intercept = 0.072; r = 0.989; Sy/x = 0.036 mmol/L) and inductively coupled plasma emission spectroscopy method (slope = 0.955; intercept = -0.001; r = 0.979; Sy/x = 0.048 mmol/L).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that the present method has great clinical potential for measuring calcium.
authors.affiliation: R&D Department, Nittobo Medical Co, Ltd, 1, Shiojima, Fukuhara, Fukuyama, Koriyama, Fukusima-Pre, Japan 963-8061.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kojima
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D057230:Limit of Detection; D016014:Linear Models; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009282:Naphthalenesulfonates; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D002118:Calcium