title: The cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4 polymorphisms affect response to hepatitis C virus-specific therapy in HIV(+) patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C virus co-infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cytotoxic lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), a co-receptor expressed on T lymphocytes, is involved in the regulation of T-cell functions. Here, we analyzed the potential impact of the CTLA4 polymorphisms on response to hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific treatment in HIV(+) patients co-infected with HCV.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 184 HIV/HCV co-infected Caucasian patients were enrolled into this study, including 109 patients with chronic and 75 patients with acute hepatitis C. CTLA4 genotypes were determined by LightCycler PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found the CTLA4 -318 C/C genotype to be associated with sustained virological response in HCV/HIV co-infection (P = 0.035). Moreover, response rates were significantly higher in patients with a +49G/G genotype [23/29 (79.3%)] than in carriers of other +49 genotypes [59/155 (38.1%); OR 6.2; P = 0.00005]. Of note, the CTLA4 +49G/G genotype was confirmed as an independent predictor for treatment response in both patients with acute and chronic hepatitis C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CTLA4 polymorphisms are associated with treatment-induced resolution of HCV infection in HIV co-infected patients. These findings underline the impact of genetic host factors for successful treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans Dieter
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Nischalke
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mauss
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baumgarten
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lutz
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Danta
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coenen
authors.forename: Tilman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sauerbruch
authors.forename: Jürgen K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Rockstroh
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Spengler
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nattermann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents