ESVS Guidelines: Section B - diagnosis and investigation of patients with carotid stenosis.
Herein, we present the European Society for Vascular Surgery Guidelines pertinent to the secondary prevention of cerebrovascular events in patients with carotid artery stenosis including lipid lowering therapy, antiplatelet therapy and other risk factor modification. These recommendations are based on current evidence from clinical trials. There is a need for aggressive prevention treatment in patients with carotid artery disease. We also discuss the diagnosis and grading of carotid artery stenosis.
Liapis
Christos D
CD
Department of Vascular Surgery, Athens University Medical School, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece. liapis@med.uoa.gr
Bell
Peter F
PF
Mikhailidis
Dimitri P
DP
Sivenius
Juhani
J
Nicolaides
Andrew
A
Fernandes e Fernandes
Jose
J
Biasi
Giorgio
G
Norgren
Lars
L
D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004620:Embolism, Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D058226:Plaque, Atherosclerotic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D012107:Research Design; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial