First evidence of high knockdown resistance frequency in Anopheles arabiensis (Diptera: Culicidae) from Ethiopia.
The status of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation was investigated in the major malaria vector Anopheles arabiensis Patton (Diptera: Culicidae) from Ethiopia. Among 240 mosquito samples from 15 villages of southwestern Ethiopia that were screened by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction for kdr mutations, the West African kdr mutation (L1014F) was detected in almost all specimens (98.5%), whereas the East African kdr mutation (L1014S) was absent. Moreover, the mortality of An. gambiae s.l. to diagnostic dosages of 4% DDT, 0.75% permethrin, and 0.05% deltamethrin from bioassay results was 1.0%, 18.1%, and 82.2%, respectively. We report here the highest kdr allele frequency ever observed in An. arabiensis and its implications in malaria vector control in Ethiopia are discussed.
Yewhalaw
Delenasaw
D
Department of Biology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.
Bortel
Wim Van
WV
Denis
Leen
L
Coosemans
Marc
M
Duchateau
Luc
L
Speybroeck
Niko
N
D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D003634:DDT / Q000494:pharmacology; D004175:Diptera / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005002:Ethiopia; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D007300:Insect Control; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000187:drug effects*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000517:prevention & control*; D057147:Mosquito Nets; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D026023:Permethrin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology
D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin; D026023:Permethrin; D003634:DDT