title: Adding exercise to rosuvastatin treatment: influence on C-reactive protein, monocyte toll-like receptor 4 expression, and inflammatory monocyte (CD14+CD16+) population.
abstract: Statin treatment and exercise training can reduce markers of inflammation when administered separately. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of rosuvastatin treatment and the addition of exercise training on circulating markers of inflammation including C-reactive protein (CRP), monocyte toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) expression, and CD14+CD16+ monocyte population size. Thirty-three hypercholesterolemic and physically inactive subjects were randomly assigned to rosuvastatin (R) or rosuvastatin/exercise (RE) groups. A third group of physically active hypercholesterolemic subjects served as a control (AC). The R and RE groups received rosuvastatin treatment (10 mg/d) for 20 weeks. From week 10 to week 20, the RE group also participated in an exercise training program (3d/wk). Measurements were made at baseline (Pre), week 10 (Mid), and week 20 (Post), and included TLR4 expression on CD14+ monocytes and CD14+CD16+ monocyte population size as determined by 3-color flow cytometry. Serum CRP was quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. TLR4 expression on CD14+ monocytes was higher in the R group at week 20. When treatment groups (R and RE) were combined, serum CRP was lower across time. Furthermore, serum CRP and inflammatory monocyte population size were lower in the RE group compared with the R group at the Post time point. When all groups (R, RE, and AC) were combined, TLR4 expression was greater on inflammatory monocytes (CD14+CD16+) compared with classic monocytes (CD14+CD16⁻) at all time points. In conclusion, rosuvastatin may influence monocyte inflammatory response by increasing TLR4 expression on circulating monocytes. The addition of exercise training to rosuvastatin treatment further lowered CRP and reduced the size of the inflammatory monocyte population, suggesting an additive anti-inflammatory effect of exercise.
authors.affiliation: Wastl Human Performance Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA. pmc17@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Coen
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: Melissa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Markofski
authors.forename: Brandt D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Pence
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hannemann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015444:Exercise; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000378:metabolism*; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D013449:Sulfonamides; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D002097:C-Reactive Protein