title: HE4 and mesothelin: novel biomarkers of ovarian carcinoma in patients with pelvic masses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the utility of novel serum tumor markers, HE4 and mesothelin either alone or in combination with CA125 in diagnosis and early detection of ovarian carcinoma in patients with pelvic masses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sera were obtained preoperatively from 65 women underwent surgery for a pelvic mass and 25 age- and menopausal status-matched healthy women. All samples were analyzed for levels of CA125, HE4, and mesothelin by serum based immunoassays and patients results were compared to final pathology findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 65 patients with pelvic masses; 41 had histologically diagnosed ovarian cancer, and 24 had benign ovarian diseases. The studied tumor markers were significantly increased in malignant compared to benign cases and healthy subjects, and in benign cases compared to healthy subjects (p<0.001). Based upon Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves analysis, HE4 had the highest sensitivity as a single marker in detecting ovarian malignancy (82.9%) and early stage malignancy (76.9%), followed by CA125, then mesothelin. The combination of HE4 and CA125 gave the highest sensitivity in detecting ovarian carcinoma and early stage disease (90.2%, 84.6% respectively). Addition of mesothelin to this combination did not show any improvement in the sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a single marker, HE4 had the highest sensitivity for detecting ovarian carcinoma specially early stage disease. Combined CA125 and HE4 was a more accurate predictor of ovarian malignancy than either alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Egypt. halahameed66@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hala A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Abdel-Azeez
authors.forename: Hany A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Labib
authors.forename: Samar M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sharaf
authors.forename: Ashraf N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Refai
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D018394:CA-125 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018284:Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D030501:Epididymal Secretory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D000090204:Mesothelin; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D010386:Pelvic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D023083:beta-Defensins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018394:CA-125 Antigen; C426184:DEFB126 protein, human; D030501:Epididymal Secretory Proteins; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D023083:beta-Defensins; D000090204:Mesothelin