title: Direct evidence that stomatogastric (Panulirus interruptus) muscle passive responses are not due to background actomyosin cross-bridges.
abstract: Muscles respond to imposed length changes with rapid, large force changes followed by slow relaxations to new steady-state forces. These responses were originally believed to arise from background levels of actomyosin binding. Discovery of giant sarcomere-spanning proteins suggested muscle passive responses could arise from length changes of elastic domains present in these proteins. However, direct evidence that actomyosin plays little role in passive muscle force responses to imposed length changes has not been provided. We show here that a poison of actomyosin interaction, thiourea, does not alter initial force changes or subsequent relaxations of lobster stomatogastric muscles. These data provide direct evidence that background actomyosin cross-bridge formation likely plays, at most, a small role in muscle passive responses to length changes. Thiourea does not alter lobster muscle electrical responses to motor nerve stimulation, although in this species it does cause tonic motor nerve firing. This firing limits the utility of thiourea to study lobster muscle electrical responses to motor nerve stimulation. However, it is unclear whether thiourea induces such motor nerve firing in other animals. Thiourea may therefore provide a convenient technique to measure muscle electrical responses to motor nerve input without the confounding difficulties caused by muscle contraction.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Department of Biological Sciences, Irvine Hall, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA. thuma@ohio.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Thuma
authors.forename: Scott L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hooper
mesh_terms: D000205:Actomyosin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004576:Electromyography; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D033521:Palinuridae; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013890:Thiourea / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000205:Actomyosin; D013890:Thiourea