title: Glu298Asp polymorphism of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene and plasma concentrations of asymmetric dimethylarginine in Turkish pre-eclamptic women without fetal growth retardation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of maternal death worldwide, affecting 3 to 5% of all pregnancies. We analyzed the Glu298Asp polymorphism of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) in 55 Turkish patients with PE without fetal growth retardation (FGR) and in 54 healthy pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of Glu298Asp of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene was evaluated by amplification of genomic DNA isolated from whole blood followed by digestion with the restriction enzyme Frio. PE was defined according to the Working Group(2000) criteria as high blood pressure (>or=140/90 mmHg after 20 weeks of gestation) and proteinuria (>300 mg/24 h). We excluded the women with FGR Serum arginine, with only ADMA and symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA) levels measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotypes were defined as GG, GT and TT according to the presence of the G and T alleles. In this case-control study, we did not find any significant difference in either the genotypic distribution or allelic frequency of Glu298Asp gene polymorphism between the pre-eclamptic patients and healthy pregnant women. Serum ADMA, arginine and SDMA levels were higher in patients with PE compared with healthy pregnant women (respectively, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggested a lack of association between the Glu298Asp gene polymorphism and pre-eclampsia without FGR in the Turkish population. But elevated ADMA and SDMA levels suggest that ADMA has a role in the pathogenesis of PE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Fahri
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Necip
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ilhan
authors.forename: Dilara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaman
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ateş
authors.forename: Ayşe
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kafkasli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III