PROKR2 is associated with methamphetamine dependence in the Japanese population.
BACKGROUND
Many patients with drug addiction are reported to have comorbid mood disorders. One of the suggested pathophysiological mechanisms for mood disorders is disruption of circadian rhythms. Several animal studies have shown that methamphetamine altered the expression of circadian clock molecules in the brain. Therefore, it is possible that mood disorders and drug addiction have common susceptibility genes. Recently, we reported that the prokineticin 2 receptor gene (PROKR2) was associated with mood disorders including major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder in the Japanese population. In the present study, therefore, we conducted an association analysis of tagging SNPs in PROKR2 with Japanese methamphetamine dependence patients.


METHODS
Using five tagging SNPs in PROKR2, we conducted a genetic association analysis of case-control samples (199 methamphetamine dependence patients and 337 healthy controls). The age and sex of the control subjects did not differ from those of the methamphetamine dependence patients.


RESULTS
We detected a significant association between PROKR2 and methamphetamine dependence patients in allele/genotype-wise and haplotype-wise analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest that PROKR2 may play a role in the pathophysiology of methamphetamine dependence in the Japanese population. However, because we did not perform a mutation scan of PROKR2, a replication study using a larger sample may be required for conclusive results.
Kishi
Taro
T
Department of Psychiatry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan. tarok@fujita-hu.ac.jp
Kitajima
Tsuyoshi
T
Tsunoka
Tomoko
T
Okumura
Takenori
T
Okochi
Tomo
T
Kawashima
Kunihiro
K
Inada
Toshiya
T
Ujike
Hiroshi
H
Yamada
Mitsuhiko
M
Uchimura
Naohisa
N
Sora
Ichiro
I
Iyo
Masaomi
M
Ozaki
Norio
N
Iwata
Nakao
N
D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics*; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000235:genetics*
C470838:PROKR2 protein, human; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D008694:Methamphetamine