title: Responses of tabanids to Nzi traps baited with octenol, cow urine and phenols in Canada.
abstract: Cow urine and the two phenols responsible for the attraction of biting flies to cow urine (4-methylphenol, 3-n-propylphenol) were compared with octenol (1-octen-3-ol) as baits for Tabanidae. Relative to an unbaited Nzi trap, catches of the horseflies Hybomitra lasiophthalma (Macquart), Tabanus similis Macquart and Tabanus quinquevittatus Wiedemann (Diptera: Tabanidae) were increased by 1.5-2.6, 1.4-2.0 and 1.4-1.9 times, respectively, whenever a bait included octenol released at either 0.13 mg/h or 1.5 mg/h, regardless of the presence of phenols or urine. Catches were not affected when traps were baited with phenols alone at evaporation rates of 0.38 mg/h (4-methylphenol) and 0.022 mg/h (3-n-propylphenol). Catches of Hybomitra horseflies were increased by 1.5-1.9 times with cow urine and 2.6 times with cow urine + octenol. This bait combination could prove to be particularly useful for Hybomitra horseflies, the common tabanids of northern environments.
authors.affiliation: smihok@rogers.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mihok
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mulye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D002417:Cattle / Q000652:urine; D003408:Cresols; D004175:Diptera / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D000442:Octanols; D010636:Phenols; D010675:Pheromones; D014556:Urine
chemical_list: D003408:Cresols; D000442:Octanols; D010636:Phenols; D010675:Pheromones; C010411:insect attractants; C032538:4-cresol; C077057:3-propylphenol; C038844:1-octen-3-ol