title: Two distinct FSGS lesions caused by distinct etiology confirmed in a single patient in pre- and post-transplantation.
abstract: At the age of three yr, a male patient had surgical treatment for bilateral vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and at the age of 19 yr, he developed nephrotic syndrome because of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). His renal function deteriorated despite treatment with temocapril and aspirin, and dialysis treatment was started when he was 19. After nine yr of dialysis, he received a living kidney transplantation from his 58-yr-old father, who had a long history of hypertension. A graft biopsy before perfusion showed moderate arteriolosclerosis. As urine protein increased to 2.15 g/d at 16 months after kidney transplantation, the graft biopsy was performed again. FSGS lesion with severe arteriosclerosis was recognized under light microscope, while the effacement of podocyte foot processes was seldom observed. The alteration of calcineurin inhibitor from cyclosporine to tacrolimus, combined with the new administration of angiotensin receptor antagonist (valsartan) and aldosterone receptor blocker, successfully decreased the amount of urine protein to 0.8 g/d within two wk. We considered that the present case showed two distinct types of FSGS lesions--one because of VUR and the other because of cyclosporine arteriolopathy--in each native kidney and transplanted kidney.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Clinical Nephrology and Rheumatology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. yumiboston@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.forename: Naofumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Ichiei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Fumitake
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gejyo
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tasaki
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine