title: Determinants of fruit and vegetable availability in Hispanic head start families with preschool-aged children living in an urban midwestern area.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine relationships between self-efficacy, decisional balance, and processes of change and Stages of Change (SOC) related to fruit and vegetable (FV) availability among Hispanic Head Start parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-phase descriptive study with mixed methodology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two Head Start sites in a city in the midwestern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Convenience sample of Hispanic Head Start parents/guardians recruited to complete a FV survey and focus groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Amount of FV served; distribution of participants between SOC; level of self-efficacy, decisional balance, and use of cognitive and behavioral processes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of variance was conducted using the SOC as the independent variable and Transtheoretical Model construct scales as dependent variables. Significance was set at P < .05. Focus groups were analyzed using content analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 113 participants, 60% were in pre-action stages. Compared to those of parents in higher stages, intentions of parents in lower stages to serve more FV were impeded by cost and preparation time (P = .028). Focus groups confirmed low self-efficacy as the common barrier to serving more FV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nutrition education for low-income Hispanic parents should include components focused on increasing self-efficacy and minimizing perceived barriers; quick and tasty FV recipes; shopping for economical FV; and promoting parental role modeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, USA. lenka.humenikova@okstate.edu
authors.forename: Lenka H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Shriver
authors.forename: Deana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Austin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004034:Diet Surveys; D018479:Early Intervention, Educational; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D005523:Food Supply / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005638:Fruit; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education*; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D011203:Poverty; D020377:Self Efficacy; D014675:Vegetables