Chlorination by-products of fenitrothion.
The mutagens produced through chemical reaction between chlorine and the insecticide fenitrothion were studied by using a quadrupole GC-MS. The mutagenicity and the mutagen formation potential (MFP) of the identified by-products were evaluated by the Ames assay (preincubation method) using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 without exogenous activation by S9 mix (TA100-S9). Before conducting GC/MS analyses, six compounds were presumed to be produced in chlorinated fenitrothion. These compounds were confirmed to be produced by the GC/MS analyses, but none of them were mutagenic. One of the chlorination by-products, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, has 19 times greater MFP than that of fenitrothion. This result suggests that a major mutagen in chlorinated fenitrothion will be produced via a chemical reaction between chlorine and 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol.
Kishida
M
M
Department of Bioengineering, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
Kumabe
T
T
Takanashi
H
H
Nakajima
T
T
Ohki
A
A
Miyake
Y
Y
Kameya
T
T
D005278:Fenitrothion / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D054879:Halogenation; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry*
D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D005278:Fenitrothion