title: Genome-wide distribution of transposed Dissociation elements in maize.
abstract: The maize (Zea mays) transposable element Dissociation (Ds) was mobilized for large-scale genome mutagenesis and to study its endogenous biology. Starting from a single donor locus on chromosome 10, over 1500 elements were distributed throughout the genome and positioned on the maize physical map. Genetic strategies to enrich for both local and unlinked insertions were used to distribute Ds insertions. Global, regional, and local insertion site trends were examined. We show that Ds transposed to both linked and unlinked sites and displayed a nonuniform distribution on the genetic map around the donor r1-sc:m3 locus. Comparison of Ds and Mutator insertions reveals distinct target preferences, which provide functional complementarity of the two elements for gene tagging in maize. In particular, Ds displays a stronger preference for insertions within exons and introns, whereas Mutator insertions are more enriched in promoters and 5'-untranslated regions. Ds has no strong target site consensus sequence, but we identified properties of the DNA molecule inherent to its local structure that may influence Ds target site selection. We discuss the utility of Ds for forward and reverse genetics in maize and provide evidence that genes within a 2- to 3-centimorgan region flanking Ds insertions will serve as optimal targets for regional mutagenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA. vollbrec@iastate.edu
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vollbrecht
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duvick
authors.forename: Justin P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schares
authors.forename: Kevin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Ahern
authors.forename: Prasit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deewatthanawong
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Liza J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Tammy A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kubinec
authors.forename: Bradford D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weeks
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Unger-Wallace
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muszynski
authors.forename: Volker P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Brendel
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Brutnell
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018745:Genome, Plant; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D003313:Zea mays / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D018744:DNA, Plant