title: WRN participates in translesion synthesis pathway through interaction with NBS1.
abstract: Werner syndrome (WS), caused by mutation of the WRN gene, is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with premature aging and predisposition to cancer. WRN belongs to the RecQ DNA helicase family, members of which play a role in maintaining genomic stability. Here, we demonstrate that WRN rapidly forms discrete nuclear foci in an NBS1-dependent manner following DNA damage. NBS1 physically interacts with WRN through its FHA domain, which interaction is important for the phosphorylation of WRN. WRN subsequently forms DNA damage-dependent foci during the S phase, but not in the G1 phase. WS cells exhibit an increase in spontaneous focus formation of poleta and Rad18, which are important for translesion synthesis (TLS). WRN also interacts with PCNA in the absence of DNA damage, but DNA damage induces the dissociation of PCNA from WRN, leading to the ubiquitination of PCNA, which is essential for TLS. This dissociation correlates with ATM/NBS1-dependent degradation of WRN. Moreover, WS cells show constitutive ubiquitination of PCNA and interaction between PCNA and Rad18 E3 ligase in the absence of DNA damage. Taken together, these results indicate that WRN participates in the TLS pathway to prevent genomic instability in an ATM/NBS1-dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genome Repair Dynamics, Radiation Biology Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan. jkobayashi@house.rbc.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Michiyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okui
authors.forename: Aroumougame
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asaithamby
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Burma
authors.forename: Benjamin P C
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D002453:Cell Cycle; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D004261:DNA Replication; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D053484:RecQ Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D054875:Ubiquitination; D014898:Werner Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071657:Werner Syndrome Helicase
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C112156:NBN protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C485954:RAD18 protein, human; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C576324:ATM protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; D053484:RecQ Helicases; C098785:WRN protein, human; D000071657:Werner Syndrome Helicase