title: Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) pediatric patients in Lima, Peru.
abstract: We conducted a prospective study in three hospitals in Lima in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) children to determine the frequency of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Five E. coli colonies/patients were studied by a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction to identify the six currently recognized groups of diarrhea-associated E. coli. We have analyzed 70 HIV-associated diarrheal and 70 control samples from HIV-infected children without diarrhea. Among the diarrheal episodes 19% were persistent, 3% dysenteric, and 33% were associated with moderate or severe dehydration. The diarrheagenic E. coli were the most commonly isolated pathogens in diarrhea (19%) and control samples (26%) (P = 0.42), including enteroaggregative (6% versus 10%), enteropathogenic (6% versus 10%), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (4% versus 3%), respectively. The HIV-infected children with diarrhea had the worse age-related immunosuppression, higher viral loads, and were on highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) less often than HIV-infected children without diarrhea. Diarrheagenic E. coli were highly resistant to ampicillin (74%) and cotrimoxazole (70%).
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Anicia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Fulton P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Liliana M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Lenka A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kolevic
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verne
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Yovanna E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Mayor
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barletta
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mercado
authors.forename: Theresa J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ochoa
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017677:Age Distribution; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002648:Child; D054307:Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D037521:Virulence Factors
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors