title: Using synthesized onion lachrymatory factor to measure age-related decreases in reflex-tear secretion and ocular-surface sensation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use synthesized onion lachrymatory factor (SOLF) to investigate age-related changes in reflex-tear secretion and ocular-surface sensation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We separated 91 healthy volunteers into four groups: groups A, age 20-29 years; B, 30-39; C, 40-49; and D, older than 50 years. We exposed one eye of each subject to SOLF and measured the elapsed time until the subject's limit of irritation tolerance (TLI) was reached and an increase in the tear meniscus radius (DeltaR). After the SOLF stimulus, corneal sensitivity was examined by Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry (CB), and reflex-tear secretion was examined by the Schirmer I-test (ST).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TLI was significantly shorter in group A than in the other groups (P < 0.0001), and the groups B and D also differed significantly from each other (P = 0.0013). The increase in DeltaR was significantly greater in group A than in group C (P = 0.0306) or D (P < 0.0001), and groups B (P = 0.0002) and C (P = 0.0308) also differed significantly from group D. There were no significant intergroup differences in the CB and ST results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An age-related decrease in reflex-tear secretion and ocular-surface sensation was revealed by the SOLF test but could not be detected by either CB or the ST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisayo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higashihara
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: Morihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoyagi
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuge
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000294:innervation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology*; D019697:Onions; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D013454:Sulfoxides; C012059:thiopropanal S-oxide