title: Exposure to TMT odor affects adrenal sympathetic nerve activity and behavioral consequences in rats.
abstract: The odor of 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT), a synthetic compound isolated from fox feces, induces various emotional behavioral and stress responses. Here we examined the effect of TMT on behavioral responses and adrenal sympathetic nerve activity (ASNA) in rats. TMT increased freezing behavior, defensive-burying and defensive-attack, and decreased exploration, grooming and approach behaviors. On the other hand, butyric acid (BA), a pungent but non-predatory odor, increased defensive-burying only. TMT increased ASNA strongly, whereas the effects of BA increased ASNA extremely weakly. Furthermore, pre-treatment with the histaminergic H1-receptor antagonist diphenhydramine eliminated the effects of TMT on ASNA. These findings suggest that TMT odor affects autonomic neurotransmission via histaminergic neurons. Exposure to TMT odor likely regulates the controlling autonomic function and output to a motor system simultaneously, evoking behavioral stress responses.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Institute of Technology, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nikaido
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000294:innervation*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004155:Diphenhydramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C411827:2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline; D013844:Thiazoles; D020148:Butyric Acid; D004155:Diphenhydramine