Neurotoxicity of toluene.
Chemical susceptibility is triggered by a large range of chemicals present both indoors and outdoors including pesticides, cleaning products, perfumes, scented products and cigarette smoke. Health risk after chemical exposure depends on age, sex, genetic factors, socioeconomic status, nutritional status, and environmental factors. Toluene is one of volatile organic chemicals that causes different sensitivity in individuals. Although neurotoxic and immunotoxic effects of toluene have been studied extensively, the underlying mechanism remains obscure. This review highlights the possible neuroimmune factors influencing toluene sensitivity and neurotoxicity in a mouse model.
Win-Shwe
Tin-Tin
TT
Research Center for Environmental Risk, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
Fujimaki
Hidekazu
H
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000187:drug effects; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D014050:Toluene / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D014050:Toluene