title: Cryptotanshinione upregulates alpha-secretase by activation PI3K pathway in cortical neurons.
abstract: The amyloid precursor protein (APP) is cleaved enzymatically by nonamyloidogenic and amyloidogenic pathways. alpha-Secretase cleaves APP within beta amyloid protein (Abeta) sequence, resulting in the release of a secreted fragment of APP (sAPPalpha) and precluding Abeta generation. Cryptotanshinone (CTS), an active component of the medicinal herb Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to improve learning and memory in several pharmacological models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have shown previously that CTS modulated APP metabolism by elevation alpha-secretase activity. However, the molecular mechanisms involved were unclear. Here we reported that CTS increased alpha-secretase activity and sAPPalpha release. To gain insight into the molecular mechanism whereby CTS modulates alpha-secretase, we evaluated the involvement of three candidate alpha-secretase enzymes, a-disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 9, 10, or 17, in CTS-induced non-amyloidogenic APP metabolism. Results showed that CTS treatment of cortical neurons overexpressing Swedish mutant human APP695 markedly elevated ADAM10 protein, and the inhibitor of ADAM10 inhibited the CTS-induced increase in alpha-secretase activity, suggesting CTS modulated alpha-secretase activity by upregulation ADAM10 protein. By using several specific protein kinase inhibitors, we showed that phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) mediated the CTS-induced alpha-secretase activation.
authors.affiliation: The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangdong Province 510150, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhengrong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mei
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Situ
authors.forename: Xiangping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Shiming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Fangyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pengke
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Peiqing
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010616:Phenanthrenes; C037886:cryptotanshinone; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; C542371:ADAM10 protein, rat