title: Effects of Celox and TraumaDEX on hemorrhage control in a porcine model.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 2 hemostatic agents, chitosan-based Celox and the biopolymeric, microporous particles TraumaDEX, with a control group in a porcine model of hemorrhage. The animals were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups: Celox (n = 5), TraumaDEX (n = 5), or a standard pressure dressing alone (n = 5). To simulate a battlefield injury, the investigators generated a compound groin injury with transection of the femoral artery and vein in 15 pigs. After 1 minute of uncontrolled hemorrhage, Celox or TraumaDEX was poured into the wound, followed by standard wound packing. The control group underwent the same procedures with the exception of the hemostatic agents. In all groups, 5 minutes of direct manual pressure was applied to the wound, followed by a standard pressure dressing (3M Coban). After 30 minutes, dressings were removed, and the amount of bleeding was measured. There were statistically significant differences in bleeding between Celox and control (P = .01) and between TraumaDEX and control (P = .038), but no statistically significant difference in bleeding between Celox and TraumaDEX (P = .478). Celox and TraumaDEX may be effective hemostatic agents for use in civilian and military trauma.
authors.affiliation: Brooke Army Medical Center, US Army Graduate Program in Anesthesia Nursing, Fort Sam Houston, Texas, USA. Brian.Gegel@amedd.army.mil
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Gegel
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Burgert
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lockhart
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Austin
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Davila
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deeds
authors.forename: Lonnie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hover
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001458:Bandages; D001704:Biopolymers / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006119:Groin / Q000293:injuries; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000494:pharmacology; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D001704:Biopolymers; C540163:Celox; D006490:Hemostatics