title: Second-tier natural antidepressants: review and critique.
abstract: The use of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) for physical and mental problems has increased significantly in the US over the past two decades, and depression is one of the leading indications for the use of CAM. This article reviews some of the lesser-known natural products with potential psychiatric applications that are starting to emerge with some scientific and clinical evidence and may constitute a next wave of natural antidepressants: Rhodiola rosea, chromium, 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and inositol. Background information, efficacy data, proposed mechanisms of action, recommended doses, side effects, and precautions are reviewed. We found some encouraging data for the use of these natural products in specific populations of depressed patients. R. rosea is an adaptogen plant that can be especially helpful in treating asthenic or lethargic depression, and may be combined with conventional antidepressants to alleviate some of their common side effects. Chromium has a beneficial effect on eating-related atypical symptoms of depression, and may be a valuable agent in treating atypical depression and seasonal affective disorder. Inositol may be useful in the treatment of bipolar depression when combined with mood stabilizers. Evidence for the clinical efficacy of 5-HTP is also promising but still preliminary. Although more well-designed and larger controlled studies are needed before any substantive conclusions can be drawn, the available evidence is compelling and these natural products deserve further investigation as a possibly significant addition to the antidepressant armamentarium.
authors.affiliation: Depression Clinical and Research Program at Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA. niovieno@partners.org
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iovieno
authors.forename: Elizabeth D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fava
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mischoulon
mesh_terms: D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002857:Chromium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000379:methods*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology; D029771:Rhodiola / Q000737:chemistry; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D028321:Plant Preparations; D002857:Chromium; D007294:Inositol; D006916:5-Hydroxytryptophan