title: Levels of physical activity and relationship with markers of diabetes and cardiovascular disease risk in 5474 white European and South Asian adults screened for type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Investigate levels of physical activity and their association with health in a white European (WE) and South Asian (SA) population.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study reports data from a diabetes screening programme, 2004-2007, Leicester, UK. Physical activity was measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire; additional outcomes included fasting and 2-h post-challenge glucose, lipid profile, body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1164 SA (female=48%) and 4310 WE (female=53%) were included. SAs were more likely fall below the minimum physical activity recommendations for health compared to WEs (age-adjusted OR for SA men=2.35; 95% CI=1.89-2.93, age adjusted OR for SA women=2.25; 95% CI=1.81-2.80). There were significant associations between levels of physical activity and BMI (men and women), waist circumference (men and women), 2-h glucose (women), HDL-cholesterol (men) and triglycerides (men) in WEs and waist circumference (women) and HDL-cholesterol (men) in SAs. Significant interactions between ethnicity and physical activity existed in the relationship with BMI and waist circumference in men.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SAs are substantially less physically active than WEs. There may also be differences between SAs and WEs in the health benefits associated with higher physical activity that warrant further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, LE3 9QP, UK. ty20@le.ac.uk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Henson
authors.forename: J M R
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sattar
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khunti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001211:Asia, Western / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides