title: Regulation of human dendritic cells by a novel specific nuclear factor-kappaB inhibitor, dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin.
abstract: Regulation of antigen-presenting cells (APC) is crucial in controlling allograft rejection. Dendritic cells (DC) are the most potent APC and must mature to present antigens to T-cell receptors. During DC maturation, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) is a key transcriptional factor. We synthesized dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin (DHMEQ), which specifically inhibits the final step of nuclear translocation of activated NF-kappaB proteins and examined its immunoregulatory effects on human monocyte-derived DC (Mo-DC). Regulatory Mo-DC were generated by pretreatment with DHMEQ before LPS stimulation, which were termed dl-DC. DHMEQ pretreatment (5 microg/ml) completely inhibited nuclear translocation of activated NF-kappaB. DHMEQ significantly inhibited DC production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IL-12 p70) in a dose-dependent manner. IL-12 was most potently inhibited. However, IL-10 production by dl-DC was only moderately affected by DHMEQ. Although CD40 and the expression of HLA-DR (HLA-DR) expression on dl-DC was downregulated, CD80 and CD86 expression was moderately upregulated. Induction of T helper 1 cell responses was efficiently impaired by dl-DC. This confirmed that DHMEQ-treated Mo-DC exhibited immunoregulatory effects. These findings suggest that DHMEQ has potential as an immunosuppressive drug for human immune cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Keio University, School of Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan. kshino49@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinoda
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosaka
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Hidaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyajima
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umezawa
authors.forename: Mototsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oya
mesh_terms: D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003512:Cyclohexanones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D001549:Benzamides; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D003512:Cyclohexanones; D016207:Cytokines; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; C464444:dehydroxymethylepoxyquinomicin; D016753:Interleukin-10; D004247:DNA