title: Can exposure to noise affect the 24 h blood pressure profile? Results from the HYENA study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE; To study the association between exposure to transportation noise and blood pressure (BP) reduction during nighttime sleep.
  
  
  METHODS
  24-h ambulatory BP measurements at 15-min intervals were carried out on 149 persons living near four major European airports. Noise indicators included total and source-specific equivalent indoor noise, total number of noise events, annoyance scores for aircraft and road traffic nighttime noise. Long-term noise exposure was also determined. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pooled estimates show that the only noise indicator associated consistently with a decrease in BP dipping is road traffic noise. The effect shows that a 5 dB increase in measured road traffic noise during the study night is associated with 0.8% (-1.55, -0.05) less dipping in diastolic BP. Noise from aircraft was not associated with a decrease in dipping, except for a non-significant decrease noted in Athens, where the aircraft noise was higher. Noise from indoor sources did not affect BP dipping.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Road traffic noise exposure may be associated with a decrease in dipping. Noise from aircraft was not found to affect dipping in a consistent way across centres and indoor noise was not associated with dipping.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Alexandros S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Haralabidis
authors.forename: Konstantina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dimakopoulou
authors.forename: Venetia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Velonaki
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barbaglia
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mussin
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giampaolo
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Selander
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pershagen
authors.forename: Marie-Louise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dudley
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Babisch
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Swart
authors.forename: Klea
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katsouyanni
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jarup
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000401:Aircraft; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009624:Noise, Transportation / Q000009:adverse effects*