Pituitary hCG production and cerebral tuberculosis mimicking disease progression during chemotherapy for an advanced ovarian germ cell tumour.
BACKGROUND
Ovarian germ cell tumours (OGCT) are rare but are usually curable with chemotherapy, even when presenting with advanced disease. The majority of OGCT produce the tumour markers, hCG and/or AFP which can be helpful in the diagnosis and monitoring the response to treatment.


METHODS
In this case of a 36 year old woman, the elevated hCG level at presentation was helpful in making a clinical diagnosis of OGCT in a patient too unwell to permit a tissue diagnosis. Cisplatin based combination chemotherapy produced an initial normalisation of the hCG level, but later in treatment the patient developed new cerebral lesions and a rising serum hCG suggestive of disease progression. Further investigations suggested that the CNS lesions were cerebral TB and that the low levels of hCG elevations was likely to be pituitary in origin. Chemotherapy treatment was continued along with anti-tuberculous therapy and 24 months after successful completion of therapy the patient remains disease free.


CONCLUSIONS
In the treatment of cancer patients it may be helpful to consider the potential non-malignant causes of new CNS lesions and that low hCG elevations may result from physiology rather than pathology in selected cases.
Rakha
Serena
S
Department of Medical Oncology Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust Charing Cross Hospital London, UK.
Bayliss
Clare
C
Sanderson
Frances
F
Smith
Richard
R
Seckl
Michael
M
Savage
Philip
P
D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D020306:Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin