title: Modified repair in patients with Ebstein's anomaly.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since 1988, a modified repair technique has been used at the authors' institution to treat patients with Ebstein's anomaly. This technique restructures the valve mechanism at the level of the true tricuspid annulus by using the most mobile leaflet for valve closure, without plication of the atrialized chamber. A total of 19 patients had additional attachment of the anterior right ventricular wall to the interventricular septum (Sebening's stitch) and reconstruction of the tricuspid valve as a double-orifice valve. The long-term results of the study are presented.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1988 and 2008, tricuspid valve repair was performed in 50 patients with Ebstein's anomaly (33 females, 17 males; median age 22 years; range: 0.6 to 60 years), at the authors' institution. The median follow up was 68 months (range: 5 to 238) months. Details of the survival rate, reoperations, NYHA class, maximal VO2, right ventricular function (velocity-time integral pulmonary artery (VTI-PA)), and tricuspid valve insufficiency were documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patient deaths occurred during surgery; the early mortality was 7.1%, and late mortality 2.4%. Those patients who died were all aged > 50 years, and in NYHA class III or IV. No additional patient deaths have occurred since 2004. Four reoperations were necessary. Both, the NYHA class and tricuspid valve insufficiency were improved significantly (from 3.1 to 1.8; p < 0.001 and from 3.2 to 1.9; p < 0.001, respectively). The VTI-PA was increased significantly, with a stable heart rate (p = 0.01). No aneurysm of the right ventricle was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term follow up demonstrated good clinical results in tricuspid repair, without plication of the right ventricle, even in cases where tricuspid valve replacement was discussed. Modifications seemed to support these results. Surgery in older patients with a progressive NYHA class seemed to carry a higher operative mortality.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Congenital Heart Defects and Pediatric Cardiology, Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany. nagdyman@dhzb.de
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagdyman
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ewert
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komoda
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alexi-Meskisvili
authors.forename: Yuguo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hetzer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004437:Ebstein Anomaly / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right; D055815:Young Adult