title: Social determinants of physical inactivity in the Northern Manhattan Study (NOMAS).
abstract: Physical inactivity is an important and modifiable cardiovascular disease risk factor. Little is known about the social determinants of physical inactivity in older, urban-dwelling populations. We collected socio-demographic and medical risk factor information and physical activity questionnaires in the Northern Manhattan Study. Logistic regression models were constructed to examine whether measures of social isolation, race-ethnicity, and sex were associated with physical inactivity. Physical inactivity was present in 40.5% of the cohort. In multivariable models adjusted for medical comorbidities, Hispanic race-ethnicity (compared to non-Hispanic white) was associated with higher odds of physical inactivity (OR 2.18, 95% CI 1.78, 2.67), while women were more likely to be inactive than men (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.15, 1.54). Having Medicaid/being uninsured (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.02, 1.42), and having fewer than 3 friends (1.41, 95% CI 1.15, 1.72) were also associated with physical inactivity. Physical inactivity is common, particularly in Hispanics, women, and those who are socially isolated. Public health interventions aimed at increasing physical activity in these more sedentary groups are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Columbia University, 710 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. jzw2@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Joshua Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Willey
authors.forename: Myunghee C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: Mitchell S V
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Elkind
authors.forename: Bernadette
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boden-Albala
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D044383:Black People / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D033062:Friends / Q000208:ethnology; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017057:Medically Uninsured / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D057185:Sedentary Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012934:Social Isolation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001741:Black or African American