title: Transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site ureterolithotomy for large impacted ureteral stones: initial experiences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We presented our initial clinical experiences with transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site (LESS) ureterolithotomy for large, impacted ureteral stones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 2009 and November 2009, seven LESS ureterolithotomies were performed at our institute. During the operation, we made a single 2 cm incision at the umbilicus and a homemade port by using a small wound retractor (Alexis(R), Applied Medical, Rancho Santa Margarita, USA), a surgical glove, and conventional trocars. The operation was performed in the same manner as conventional laparoscopic surgery. The mean maximal stone diameter was 21.9 mm (range, 16.0-27.0 mm). There were six cases of upper ureteral stones and one case of a mid-ureteral stone. Perioperative and postoperative parameters were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean operative time was 197.1 min (range, 150-270 min). No transfusions were required. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.3 days (range, 2-6 days). The mean pain intensity on a visual analogue scale (VAS) on postoperative day 2 was 26 mm (range, 0-80 mm), and the mean cosmetic VAS at 6 weeks after the operation was 0 mm. The mean time for patients to return to their baseline activities was 4.0 days (range, 3-7 days). In six cases, all stones were completely removed on the basis of postoperative radiologic evaluation. There were no cases of major complications, including internal organ injury, urinary leakage, or urinary tract infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transumbilical LESS ureterolithotomy can be considered as an alternative treatment option with minimal invasiveness and good effectiveness for large, impacted ureteral stones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Tae Heon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byong Chang
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Seong Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Seong Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Deok Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Han