title: Current managements and outcomes of peptic and artificial ulcer bleeding in Japan.
abstract: The recent trend of gastroduodenal ulcer bleeding in Japan has not been elucidated in detail and the data for a new categorized type, artificial ulcer bleeding, is completely lacking. The purpose of this paper is to elucidate current managements and outcomes of peptic and artificial ulcer bleeding in Japan. A retrospective multicenter study of consecutive case series was carried out during one year at nine departments of high-volume hospitals in Japan. The study included 325 consecutive patients (239 with peptic ulcers and 86 with artificial ulcers) with bleeding nonmalignant gastroduodenal ulcers that were revealed by emergency endoscopy between January 2008 and December 2008. Hemostasis was carried out mainly using endoscopic treatments. Rates of successful initial hemostasis, rebleeding, transfer to surgery, and death were recorded according to peptic and artificial ulcer bleeding. Additionally, preferred endoscopic methods, concomitant use of antisecretory drugs, and timing of second-look endoscopy were also measured. A total of 227 (99.1%) of 229 peptic ulcer patients with endoscopic treatment and all (100%) 84 artificial ulcer patients underwent successful tentative hemostasis. Rebleeding occurred in 23 peptic ulcer patients (10.1%) and 10 artificial ulcer patients (11.9%). One peptic ulcer patient and two artificial ulcer patients had final surgical rescue due to rebleeding. No death was observed. Monotherapy was predominant (around 65% of cases) in both types of ulcers. The coagulation forceps method was more frequently applied in artificial ulcers (P < 0.05). A per oral proton pump inhibitor was more frequently used in artificial ulcers (P < 0.05), although an intravenous proton pump inhibitor was used in the majority of patients in both types of ulcers. The frequency of second-look endoscopy in peptic ulcers (88%) was significantly higher than that in artificial ulcers (71%) (P < 0.05). There seemed to be no rule as to the timing of second-look endoscopy, although it was most frequently performed on the day after hemostasis. The recent outcomes of endoscopic treatment for nonmalignant gastroduodenal bleeding in Japan were excellent in both peptic and artificial ulcers with similar efficacies. Although they were minor findings, some differences in applied endoscopic methods, concomitant use of antisecretory drugs, and presence of second-look endoscopy were observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. mtfujish-kkr@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujishiro
authors.forename: Nobutsugu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Kiyoaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Noriya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uedo
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013276:Stomach Ulcer; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors