title: Educational interventions for implementation of arthritis clinical practice guidelines in primary care: effects on health professional behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The dissemination and adoption of clinical practice guidelines (CPG) has been suggested as one method for improving arthritis care delivery. This article provides a review and synthesis of studies evaluating the influence of educational programs designed to implement CPG for osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in primary care.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant educational interventions that reported behavioral outcomes that ensured actual knowledge utilization in primary care. A standardized approach was used to assess the quality of the individual studies and a modified version of the Philadelphia Panel methodology allowed for grading of studies based on strength of design, clinical relevance, and statistical significance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The search identified 485 articles; 7 studies were selected for review. In OA, peer facilitated workshops with nurse case-management support for patients decreased the number of referrals to orthopedics by 23%, and educational outreach by trained physicians improved prescribing of analgesics. Interprofessional peer facilitated workshops were successful in increasing referrals to rehabilitation services for people with OA and RA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was sparse literature on educational programs for the implementation of arthritis CPG in the primary care environment. Future studies are needed to evaluate which specific organizational, provider, patient, and system level factors influence the uptake of arthritis CPG in primary care.
authors.affiliation: The Arthritis Society, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Sydney C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lineker
authors.forename: Janice A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Husted
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000628:therapy*; D016206:Databases, Bibliographic; D006281:Health Occupations; D006801:Humans; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000628:therapy*; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000193:education*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011364:Professional Practice; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000193:education*