title: A Comparison of white and African American outcomes from a three-arm, randomized, phase III multicenter trial of advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of race on the efficacy and safety of standard chemotherapy doublet regimens in African American patients, we conducted a subgroup analysis of a phase III randomized trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chemonaïve patients with a performance status of 0 or 1 and stage IIIB or IV non-small cell lung cancer were randomized to arm A: gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 plus carboplatin area under the curve 5.5 on day 1; arm B: the same schedule of gemcitabine plus paclitaxel 200 mg/m2 on day 1; or arm C: paclitaxel 225 mg/m2 on day 1 plus carboplatin area under the curve 6.0 on day 1. Cycles were repeated every 21 days up to 6. A site selection tool identified institutions with potential to recruit a minority population. Outcome and toxicity data of white and African American patients were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1135 total patients, 972 were white (85.6%) and 138 were African American (12.2%). Median survival was 8.3 months for white patients (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.7-9.3) and 9.1 months for African American patients (95% CI: 8.2-11.1). Response rates were 29.1 and 29.0%, respectively. Rates of grade 3 or 4 toxicities were comparable. Among African Americans, median survival was 7.2 months (95% CI: 5.1-10.1) for gemcitabine-carboplatin (n = 47), 10.5 months (95% CI: 7.1-15.4) for gemcitabine-paclitaxel (n = 42), and 10.2 months (95% CI: 8.5-13.2) for paclitaxel-carboplatin (n = 49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whites and African Americans had similar outcomes, although there was some variability in survival among African Americans across the three treatment groups.
authors.affiliation: Lilly USA, LLC, Indianapolis, IN 46285, USA. cobasaju@lilly.com
authors.forename: Coleman K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Obasaju
authors.forename: Rafat H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Socinski
authors.forename: Ruqin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Monberg
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: Donna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Marinucci
authors.forename: Darla K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Liles
authors.forename: Maria-Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Comis
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Treat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology*; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel; D000093542:Gemcitabine