title: Perceptions among Swedish hospital physicians on prescribing of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore and describe perceptions of antibiotic prescribing among Swedish hospital physicians, with special reference to whether the perceptions included awareness of antibiotic resistance (AR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A phenomenographic approach was used and data were collected in face-to-face interviews.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospitals in seven different counties in central Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  A strategic sample of 20 hospital physicians specialising in internal medicine, surgery or urology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The variation of perceptions of antibiotic prescribing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five qualitative different perceptions were found. AR was considered in two of the perceptions. Reasons for not considering AR included a dominating focus on the care of the patient combined with lack of focus on restrictive antibiotic use, or uncertainty about how to manage infectious diseases or the pressure from the healthcare organisation. Parallels between the five perceptions and the stages in the transtheoretical model of health behaviour change were seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In three of the perceptions, AR was not considered when antibiotics were prescribed. Physicians who primarily express these three perceptions do not seem to be prepared to change to restrictive prescribing. Our findings can be useful in designing activities that encourage AR prevention. Organisational changes are also needed.
authors.affiliation: Division of International Health, IHCAR, Department of Public Health Sciences, Karolinska Institutet, SE 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. ingeborgbjorkman@hotmail.com
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Björkman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Röing
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erntell
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lundborg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents