title: Clopidogrel pretreatment in ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients transferred for percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pretreatment with clopidogrel reduces ischemic complications before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Limited data exist regarding the effect of pretreatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary PCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective data were analyzed from a regional STEMI system using rapid transfer for primary PCI in 30 community hospitals. Zone 1 community hospitals are <60 miles and Zone 2 hospitals are 60 to 210 miles away from the PCI hospital. Compared with 63 minutes in the PCI hospital, median door-to-balloon times were 94 minutes in Zone 1 and 123 minutes in Zone 2 hospitals. All patients received aspirin, unfractionated heparin, and clopidogrel 600 mg in the emergency department of the presenting hospital within 15 minutes of diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From April 2003 through December 2008, 2,014 consecutive STEMI patients were pretreated with clopidogrel before PCI, with a median (25th-75th percentile) duration from pretreatment to PCI of 75 (58-93) minutes. Patients with longer pretreatment duration had significantly reduced reinfarction/reischemia at 30 days (Zone 1: 0.85%, Zone 2: 0.9%) compared with nontransferred patients (3.2%, P = .001) as well as reduced stent thrombosis (Zone 1: 0.6%, Zone 2: 0.6% vs Abbott Northwestern: 2.0%; P = .04). Similarly, pretreatment duration of >60 minutes before PCI had reduced 30-day reinfarction/reischemia (1.0% vs 2.9%, P = .003). There were no significant differences in mortality or major bleeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary PCI in a regional STEMI network who received earlier pretreatment with a 600-mg loading dose of clopidogrel had less ischemic complications without increased bleeding or mortality.
authors.affiliation: Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, MN 55407, USA. dlarsonmd@visi.com
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Scott S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sharkey
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Solie
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tschautscher
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Lips
authors.forename: M Nicholas
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steinhubl
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Henry
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine