title: Pharmacy students' perceptions and emotional responses to aggressive incidents in pharmacy practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore pharmacy students' experiences with and perceptions of aggressive incidents in pharmacy practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were taken from a survey completed by second-year pharmacy (P2) students and analyzed using a retrospective, cross-sectional design. Survey items were adapted using the following scales: Perception of Aggression Survey (POAS), List of Aggressive Incidents experienced by mental health staff, and List of Emotions experienced by nurses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of respondents did not identify aggression as normal, instead perceiving it as a violent reaction and functional. The 3 most frequent aggressive incidents experienced were: verbal abuse to face (40%); verbal abuse on the phone (39%); and refusal to cooperate with instructions (34%). The 3 most frequent emotions reported were: frustration (70%), empathy (65%), and no pride in their profession (70% rarely-never).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacy students reported experiencing aggressive incidents with patients in person and on the phone, and with patients not following instructions. Preparing future pharmacists in techniques to address and resolve patients' aggression must become a priority for pharmacy academia and further research in this area is needed.
authors.affiliation: Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA. hrahim@liu.edu
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rahim
authors.forename: Bupendra
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D004644:Emotions; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009726:Nurses; D010594:Pharmacies; D010595:Pharmacists; D011364:Professional Practice; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013339:Students, Pharmacy / Q000523:psychology*; D013689:Telephone; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014754:Violence; D055815:Young Adult