title: Variability of sediment-contact tests in freshwater sediments with low-level anthropogenic contamination--determination of toxicity thresholds.
abstract: Freshwater sediments with low levels of anthropogenic contamination and a broad range of geochemical properties were investigated using various sediment-contact tests in order to study the natural variability and to define toxicity thresholds for the various toxicity endpoints. Tests were performed with bacteria (Arthrobacter globiformis), yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans), oligochaetes (Lumbriculus variegatus), higher plants (Myriophyllum aquaticum), and the eggs of zebrafish (Danio rerio). The variability in the response of some of the contact tests could be explained by particle size distribution and organic content. Only for two native sediments could a pollution effect not be excluded. Based on the minimal detectable difference (MDD) and the maximal tolerable inhibition (MTI), toxicity thresholds (% inhibition compared to the control) were derived for each toxicity parameter: >20% for plant growth and fish-egg survival, >25% for nematode growth and oligochaete reproduction, >50% for nematode reproduction and >60% for bacterial enzyme activity.
authors.affiliation: Ecossa, Giselastr. 6, 82319 Starnberg, Germany. hoess@ecossa.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Höss
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ahlf
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fahnenstich
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gilberg
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hollert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Melbye
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammers-Wirtz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heininger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Neumann-Hensel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ottermanns
authors.forename: H-T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Ratte
authors.forename: T-B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Seiler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spira
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Feiler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001173:Arthrobacter / Q000187:drug effects; D002107:Caenorhabditis / Q000187:drug effects; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D029624:Ferns / Q000187:drug effects; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants