title: Freehand MRI-guided preoperative needle localization of breast lesions after MRI-guided vacuum-assisted core needle biopsy without marker placement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided preoperative needle localization (PNL) of breast lesions previously sampled by MRI-guided vacuum-assisted core needle biopsy (VACNB) without marker placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 15 women with 16 breast lesions undergoing MRI-guided VACNB without marker placement who subsequently underwent MRI-guided PNL, both on an open 0.5T magnet using freehand techniques. Mammograms and specimen radiographs were rated for lesion visibility; MRI images were rated for lesion visibility and hematoma formation. Imaging findings were correlated with pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average prebiopsy lesion size was 16 mm (range 4-50 mm) with 13/16 lesions located in mammographically dense breasts. Eight hematomas formed during VACNB (average size 13 mm, range 8-19 mm). PNL was performed for VACNB pathologies of cancer (5), high-risk lesions (5), or benign but discordant findings (6) at 2-78 days following VACNB. PNL targeted the lesion (2), hematoma (4), or surrounding breast architecture (10). Wire placement was successful in all 16 lesions. Final pathology showed six cancers, five high-risk lesions, and five benign findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRI-guided PNL is successful in removing lesions that have previously undergone VACNB without marker placement by targeting the residual lesion, hematoma, or surrounding breast architecture, even in mammographically dense breasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA.
authors.forename: Stephanie M W Y
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: van de Ven
authors.forename: Margaret C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Bruce L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sareen
authors.forename: Jafi A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lipson
authors.forename: Sunita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Frederick M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Dirbas
authors.forename: Debra M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ikeda
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA