title: Visfatin is related to lipid dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to test the hypothesis that visfatin is associated with atherosclerosis in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In the study, we measured serum triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and the following blood markers of endothelial function and inflammation: endothelin-1 (ET-1), nitric oxide (NO), thrombomodulin and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in 117 patients with CKD stage 4 or 5 and in 50 normal controls. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was assessed by high-resolution brachial ultrasonography, and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) was determined by vascular ultrasound. Plasma visfatin concentrations were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with healthy controls, endothelial dysfunction was observed in all CKD patients. Visfatin levels were strongly correlated with hsCRP levels, serum triglyceride levels and LDL cholesterol levels, and negatively correlated with HDL cholesterol, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and FMD levels in the CKD patients (p<0.05, for all). Moreover, carotid IMT was found to be significantly related to visfatin levels (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, the study showed that in CKD patients, higher visfatin levels are associated with decreased GFR, increased serum triglyceride and LDL cholesterol levels and impaired endothelial function. Moreover, visfatin levels also correlated with hsCRP levels and carotid IMT, suggesting that visfatin may play an important role in uremia-related atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nephrology of Chongqing and Department of Nephrology, Xinqiao Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiao
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Zilin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Fahuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Zhifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019332:Endothelin-1; D014280:Triglycerides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase