title: Practical scoring system for the identification of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage at highest risk of harboring an underlying vascular etiology: the Secondary Intracerebral Hemorrhage Score.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An ICH patient's risk of harboring an underlying vascular etiology varies according to baseline clinical and NCCT characteristics. Our aim was to develop a practical scoring system to stratify patients with ICH according to their risk of harboring a vascular etiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a data base of 623 patients with ICH evaluated with MDCTA during a 9-year period, we developed a scoring system based on baseline clinical characteristics (age group [0-2 points], sex [0-1 point], neither known HTN nor impaired coagulation [0-1 point]), and NCCT categorization (0-2 points) to predict the risk of harboring a vascular lesion as the ICH etiology (SICH score). We subsequently applied the SICH score to a prospective cohort of 222 patients with ICH who presented to our emergency department during a 13-month period. Using ROC analysis, we calculated the AUC and MOP for the SICH score in both the retrospective and prospective patient cohorts separately and the entire patient population. Patients with SAH in the basal cisterns were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A vascular etiology was found in 120 of 845 patients with ICH evaluated with MDCTA (14.2%), most commonly AVMs (45.8%), aneurysms with purely intraparenchymal rupture (21.7%), and DVSTs (16.7%). The MOP was reached at a SICH score of >2, with the highest incidence of vascular ICH etiologies in patients with SICH scores of 3 (18.5%), 4 (39%), 5 (84.2%), and 6 (100%). There was no significant difference in the AUC between both patient cohorts (0.86-0.87).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SICH score successfully predicts a given ICH patient's risk of harboring an underlying vascular etiology and could be used as a guide to select patients with ICH for neurovascular evaluation to exclude the presence of a vascular abnormality.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. delgadoj@mir.wustl.edu
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Delgado Almandoz
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rosand
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lev
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D015984:Causality; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult