title: Enhancing colposcopy with polarized light.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the potential utility of polarized light used during colposcopic examinations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Matched, polarized, and unpolarized colposcopic images and diagnostic annotations from 31 subjects receiving excisional treatment of cervical neoplasia were compared. Sensitivity, specificity, and mean Euclidean distances between the centroids of the gaussian ellipsoids for the different epithelial types were calculated for unpolarized and polarized images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivities of polarized colposcopic annotations for discriminating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2 or higher were greater for all 3 acetowhite categories when compared with unpolarized annotations (58% [44/76] vs 45% [34/76], 68% [50/74] vs 59% [45/76], and 68% [49/72] vs 66% [50/76], respectively). The average percent differences in Euclidean distances between the epithelial types for unpolarized and polarized cervical images were as follows: CIN 2/3 versus CIN 1 = 33% (10/30, p =.03), CIN 2/3 versus columnar epithelium = 22% (p =.004), CIN 2/3 versus immature metaplasia = 29% (14/47, p =.11), and CIN 1 versus immature metaplasia = 27% (4.4/16, p =.16).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of its ability to interrogate at a deeper plane and eliminate obscuring glare, polarized light colposcopy may enhance the evaluation and detection of cervical neoplasias.
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Cancer Prevention Center, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912, USA. dferris@mcg.edu
authors.forename: Daron G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Ferris
authors.forename: Wenjing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Lieberman
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Galdos
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003127:Colposcopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008027:Light; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis*