title: Gender differences in depression and anxiety among victims of intimate partner violence: the moderating effect of shame proneness.
abstract: The current study examined the moderating role of shame proneness on the association between physical, psychological, and sexual intimate partner violence victimization and depressive and anxious symptoms among male and female college students (N = 967). Students completed self-report measures of dating violence, depression, anxiety, and shame proneness. Results showed that shame proneness moderated the association between all forms of victimization and mental health symptoms. A three-way interaction revealed that sexual victimization predicted symptoms of anxiety to a greater extent for men than for women at high levels of shame proneness. Furthermore, results showed that gender moderated the association between physical and psychological victimization and health outcomes, such that victimization was related to increased depressive and anxious symptoms for men but not for women. Interpretations of these findings are discussed in relation to violence interventions, including primary prevention, and men's health.
authors.affiliation: University of Tennessee, Knoxville, USA. rshorey@utk.edu
authors.forename: Ryan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Shorey
authors.forename: Amanda E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Aaron J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kivisto
authors.forename: Sara R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Elkins
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Rhatigan
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000523:psychology; D012752:Shame; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D055815:Young Adult