title: [Manufacturing waste of hemodialyzers decreases oxidative phosphorylation of mitochondria isolated from rats].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The persistence of manufacturing waste in hemodialysers is a neglected aspect of lack of hemodialysis biocompatibility. The effect of waste was tested on mitochondria isolated from rat liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  After throwing the first two liters of the rinse solution of hemodialysers, the third liter is lyophilized. The waste is placed in the presence of mitochondria. The parameter V3 is the synthesis of ATP, the respiratory control (RC) is the ability to activate phosphorylation in the presence of ADP, ADP/O is the ratio of ADP used on oxygen consumption. The study was conducted on two hemodialyzers sterilized with gamma rays (Tricea and APS) and one hemodialyzer sterilized with flowing steam (FX60).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The respiratory parameters in the presence of waste are expressed as percentage of values obtained in the presence of control (sterile water). The respective values with Tricea, APS and the FX are for V3: 67±14, 79±10, and 81±8% (T vs A p=0.02; T vs F p=0.01; A vs F p=0.68) ; for CR : 44±6, 63±7, and 74±9% (T vs A p<0.001; T vs X p<0.001; A vs F p=0.004) ; for ADP/O : 75±11, 90±19, 91±11% (T vs A p=0.16; T vs F p=0.01; A vs F p=0.68). The dose-response curves confirm the differences concerning V3 and RC but not concerning ADP/O.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hemodialyzers contain waste which has toxic effects on isolated mitochondria. This waste impairs the oxidative phosphorylation. The fact that this waste is still present in the dialyzers despite rinsing with two liters should alert users about the importance of extensive rinsing and manufacturers about the importance of effective procedures in order to eliminate manufacturing waste.
authors.affiliation: Centre de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, hôpital de la Conception, université de la Méditerranée Aix-Marseille-2, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France. philippe.brunet@ap-hm.fr
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roubicek
authors.forename: Kassim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Papa
authors.forename: Yvon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Berland
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bruguerolle
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D014866:Waste Products