title: Critical role of the disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM17 for intestinal inflammation and regeneration in mice.
abstract: The protease a disintegrin and metalloprotease (ADAM) 17 cleaves tumor necrosis factor (TNF), L-selectin, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) ligands from the plasma membrane. ADAM17 is expressed in most tissues and is up-regulated during inflammation and cancer. ADAM17-deficient mice are not viable. Conditional ADAM17 knockout models demonstrated proinflammatory activities of ADAM17 in septic shock via shedding of TNF. We used a novel gene targeting strategy to generate mice with dramatically reduced ADAM17 levels in all tissues. The resulting mice called ADAM17(ex/ex) were viable, showed compromised shedding of ADAM17 substrates from the cell surface, and developed eye, heart, and skin defects as a consequence of impaired EGF-R signaling caused by failure of shedding of EGF-R ligands. Unexpectedly, although the intestine of unchallenged homozygous ADAM17(ex/ex) mice was normal, ADAM17(ex/ex) mice showed substantially increased susceptibility to inflammation in dextran sulfate sodium colitis. This was a result of impaired shedding of EGF-R ligands resulting in failure to phosphorylate STAT3 via the EGF-R and, consequently, in defective regeneration of epithelial cells and breakdown of the intestinal barrier. Besides regulating the systemic availability of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF, our results demonstrate that ADAM17 is needed for vital regenerative activities during the immune response. Thus, our mouse model will help investigate ADAM17 as a potential drug target.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, D-24098 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Athena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chalaris
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sina
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rosenstiel
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lehmann-Koch
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schirmacher
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cichy
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gavrilova
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jostock
authors.forename: Vance
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Häsler
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Markus F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Neurath
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reiss
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Saftig
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scheller
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rose-John
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000254:growth & development; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010539:Permeability; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000097:blood; D012038:Regeneration; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C530105:Ccnd1 protein, mouse; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494087:Stat3 protein, mouse; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019041:L-Selectin; D019938:Cyclin D1; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D009195:Peroxidase; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; C000606463:Adam17 protein, mouse