title: Bond strengths of different orthodontic adhesives after enamel conditioning with the same self-etching primer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the shear bond strengths (SBS) of stainless steel brackets bonded with seven light-cured orthodontic adhesives after the enamel was conditioned with the same self-etching primer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 140 extracted human molars were randomly divided into seven groups (N = 20). In all the groups, the enamel was conditioned with Transbond Plus SEP (TPSEP). Stainless steel brackets were bonded with the following orthodontic adhesives: Group I, Transbond XT; Group II, Blūgloo; Group III, BeautyOrtho Bond; Group IV, Enlight; Group V, Light Bond; Group VI, Transbond CC; Group VII, Xeno Ortho. The teeth were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours and debonded with a universal testing machine. The modified adhesive remnant index (ARI) was also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in the SBS values among the groups: I (18.0 +/- 7.4 MPa); II (18.3 +/- 5.1 MPa); III (14.8 +/- 4.3 MPa); IV (18.3 +/- 7.0 MPa); V (16.4 +/- 4.3 MPa); VI (20.3 +/- 5.3 MPa); VII (15.9 +/- 6.4 MPa), but significant differences in ARI were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The seven orthodontic adhesives evaluated in this study can be successfully used for bonding stainless steel brackets when the enamel is conditioned with TPSEP, however, the differences among some groups might influence the clinical bond strengths. In addition, the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the teeth after debonding differed among the adhesives. Further studies are required to better understand the differences in SBS and ARI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Autonomous University State of Mexico, Toluca City, Mexico. rogelio_scougall@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Rogelio J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Scougall-Vilchis
authors.forename: Chrisel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zárate-Díaz
authors.forename: Shusuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusakabe
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C519484:Beauty Ortho Bond; C522883:Blugloo; D003722:Dental Alloys; C418867:Enlight; D019279:Resin Cements; C429625:Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer; C477790:Transbond XT; D014867:Water; D013193:Stainless Steel; C065742:Transbond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate