title: Cytotoxic effects of resin-modified orthodontic band adhesives. Are they safe?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the cytotoxic effects of three different resin-modified orthodontic band adhesives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three resin-modified orthodontic band adhesives (Bisco Ortho Band Paste LC, Multi-Cure Glass Ionomer Band Cement, and Transbond Plus Light Cure Band Adhesive) were prepared and the samples were extracted in 3 mL of Basal Medium Eagle with 10% newborn calf serum for 24 hours. The L929 cells were plated (25,000 cells/mL) in wells of 96-well dishes and maintained in a humidified incubator for 24 hours at 37 degrees C, 5% CO(2), and 95% air. After 24-hour incubation of the cells, the incubation medium was replaced by the immersed medium in which the samples were stored. Then L929 cells were incubated in contact with eluates for 24 hours. The cell mitochondrial activity was evaluated by the methyltetrazolium test. Twelve wells were used for each specimen, and methyltetrazolium tests were applied two times. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey Honestly Significantly Different tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results with L929 fibroblasts demonstrated that all freshly prepared resin-modified orthodontic band adhesive materials reduced vital cell numbers (P > .05), in comparison to the control group. Our data demonstrate that all materials showed significant cytotoxicity compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that all materials showed significant cytotoxicity compared to the control group, and further studies using different test methods are needed for all resin-modified orthodontic band adhesives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inönü University, Malatya, Turkey. siddikmalkoc@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Siddik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malkoc
authors.forename: Bayram
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Corekci
authors.forename: Hayriye Esra
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Botsali
authors.forename: Muhammet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yalçin
authors.forename: Abdülkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sengun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D002452:Cell Count; D002460:Cell Line; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012449:Safety; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C516145:Multicure cement; D019279:Resin Cements; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C516047:Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive Primer; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase; C022616:thiazolyl blue