title: Will there be a role for genotyping in warfarin therapy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In North America warfarin is the current standard for oral anticoagulation therapy in the treatment and/or prophylaxis of different thrombotic conditions. In daily clinical practice a significant proportion of patients on long-term warfarin therapy fail to stabilize within their target therapeutic range leading to a resultant increased risk of thromboembolism or bleeding. Various authors and agencies advocate the role of genetic testing to guide warfarin dosing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evidence regarding the clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness of genotype-based warfarin dosing has been conflicting, although some recent studies have suggested a potential benefit in certain subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More evidence is needed before the wide adoption of genotype-based warfarin dosing. Future studies should be designed to address outcomes such as major bleeding or recurrent thrombosis, and allow economic evaluations.
authors.affiliation: Thrombosis Program, Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gandara
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D064417:Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases; D014859:Warfarin / Q000191:economics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D064417:Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases