title: Why are antiretroviral treatment patients lost to follow-up? A qualitative study from South Africa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To better understand the reasons why patients default from antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes to help design interventions that improve treatment retention and ultimately, patient outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study at two treatment sites in South Africa followed by qualitative interviews with patients that had defaulted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respondents overwhelmingly reported that ART improved their health status and quality of life. Nevertheless, despite improved health from taking ART and worse health when treatment is stopped, serious barriers to treatment remained: transport costs, time needed for treatment, and logistical challenges were barriers to treatment, whereas stigma around HIV/AIDS, and side effects associated with ART were less influential.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With a better understanding of the reasons for defaulting, interventions can be designed that improve treatment retention and ultimately, patient outcomes. This study argues for realistic interventions and policy changes designed to reduce the financial and time burden of ART and to reduce logistical barriers, such as simplifying the referral and transfer process, employing patient advocates, and adopting extended and weekend clinic hours.
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Development, Boston University, Boston, MA 02118, USA. Candace@bu.edu
authors.forename: Candace M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Mpefe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ketlhapile
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rybasack-Smith
authors.forename: Sydney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D059012:Lost to Follow-Up; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013019:South Africa; D016903:Drug Monitoring
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents