title: Instant coffee with high chlorogenic acid levels protects humans against oxidative damage of macromolecules.
abstract: METHODS
  Coffee is among the most frequently consumed beverages. Its consumption is inversely associated to the incidence of diseases related to reactive oxygen species; the phenomenon may be due to its antioxidant properties. Our primary objective was to investigate the impact of consumption of a coffee containing high levels of chlorogenic acids on the oxidation of proteins, DNA and membrane lipids; additionally, other redox biomarkers were monitored in an intervention trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment group (n=36) consumed instant coffee co-extracted from green and roasted beans, whereas the control consumed water (800 mL/P/day, 5 days). A global statistical analysis of four main biomarkers selected as primary outcomes showed that the overall changes are significant. 8-Isoprostaglandin F2α in urine declined by 15.3%, 3-nitrotyrosine was decreased by 16.1%, DNA migration due to oxidized purines and pyrimidines was (not significantly) reduced in lymphocytes by 12.5 and 14.1%. Other markers such as the total antioxidant capacity were moderately increased; e.g. LDL and malondialdehyde were shifted towards a non-significant reduction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The oxidation of DNA, lipids and proteins associated with the incidence of various diseases and the protection against their oxidative damage may be indicative for beneficial health effects of coffee.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, Institute of Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoelzl
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knasmüller
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Leonilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Elbling
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kager
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferk
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.forename: Armen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nersesyan
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Neubauer
authors.forename: Aurélien
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Desmarchelier
authors.forename: Maricel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marin-Kuan
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Delatour
authors.forename: Clotilde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verguet
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bezençon
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Besson
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grathwohl
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Simic
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kundi
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schilter
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D003069:Coffee / Q000737:chemistry*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D003069:Coffee; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D015237:Dinoprost