Regulators of TLR4 signaling by endotoxins.
The stimulation of TLR4 by LPS activates two distinct signaling pathways leading to the expression of diverse inflammatory genes. Intensive studies over the past decade have revealed the components involved in these signaling pathways, however, more recently the focus has shifted somewhat towards the components that regulate these pathways. Several regulatory mechanisms, including localisation of components, splice variants and inhibitory molecules will be discussed in this review.
McGettrick
Anne F
AF
School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland. mcgettra@tcd.ie
O'Neill
Luke A J
LA
D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D004731:Endotoxins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4