title: Pneumococcal bacteremia in febrile infants presenting to the emergency department 8 years after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in the Basque Country of Spain.
abstract: We included 3088 well-appearing infants aged between 3 and 36 months with fever without a source with a blood culture done as part of their study of fever. Rate of positive blood cultures for Streptococcus pneumoniae occult bacteremia (OB) was 0.58%. Rate of OB caused by PCV7-serotypes and nonvaccine serotypes were 0.16% and 0.42%, respectively. A total of 18 cases of S. pneumoniae OB were identified between January 1, 2006 and December 31, 2009. None of the 5 infants who had S. pneumoniae OB caused by vaccine serotypes had received PCV7. The decline in pneumococcal OB rates observed after PCV7 introduction in our area (Basque Country, Spain) continues 8 years later. There is no evidence of an OB rate increase caused by non-PCV7 serotypes.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Emergency Department, Hospital de Cruces, Bizkaia, Spain. JAVIER.BENITOF@osakidetza.net
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benito-Fernández
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mintegi
authors.forename: Itziar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pocheville-Gurutzeta
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sánchez Etxaniz
authors.forename: Borja
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gómez Cortés
authors.forename: Jose Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hernández Almaraz
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines