title: Transition of cytomegalovirus seropositivity in Japanese puerperal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the latest serological tendency of cytomegalovirus (CMV) in Japanese puerperal women and to estimate the sequential influence on child-bearing women in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 3966 puerperal women registered at a cord blood bank. Serum samples were obtained from umbilical cords at delivery and on the third day after delivery. CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) and CMV immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were determined using enzyme immunoassay kits. Scatter diagrams between seroprevalences and perinatal details were generated, and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients (r) and coefficients of determination (R(2)) were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall CMV seroprevalence was 68.4% for the IgG antibody and 3.9% for the IgM antibody. IgM seroconversion had occurred separately in 0.28% of the cases without IgG seroconversion. Including outliers on scatter plots, linear decreasing trends were observed for IgG seropositivity with measurement year (r = -0.72, P < 0.05, R(2) = 51.8%) and maternal birth year (r = -0.43, P < 0.05, R(2) = 18.2%). There was a linear increasing tendency for IgG seroprevalence with maternal age (r = 0.46, P < 0.05, R(2) = 21.4%). Without the outlier, a linear decreasing tendency was found for IgM seropositivity (r = -0.85, P < 0.01, R(2) = 71.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CMV seropositivity decreased with maternal youth in Japanese puerperal women. A possible contradiction was identified: decreasing tendencies in the seroprevalence of both IgG and IgM might coexist. We assume that actual CMV infections spread in a transient epidemic manner in which it may not be possible to observe a linear tendency and/or that the actual risk of maternal CMV infection might be decreasing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Nippon Medical School, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. inde@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inde
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Seiryu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamoi
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeshita
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D044466:Asian People; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007564:Japan; D016014:Linear Models; D008423:Maternal Age; D049590:Postpartum Period; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral