title: Association of interleukin-4 promoter polymorphisms in Taiwanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: Many factors have been implicated in the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Recently, immune response and inflammation were suggested to play certain roles in the development and complications of T2DM. The aim of this study is to investigate the putative correlation between the promoter polymorphisms of interleukin-4 (IL-4), one of the immune-regulatory type 2 helper T-cell cytokines, and T2DM. Genomic DNA from 425 Taiwanese T2DM patients and 148 nondiabetic control study subjects were extracted, and their IL-4 promoter polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Both of the distribution of IL-4 C-589T (P = .013) and C-34T (P = .05) genotypes were significantly different between T2DM patients and control subjects. Significant association between IL-4 C-589T alleles (P = .002) and T2DM, as well as C-34T alleles and T2DM (P =.024), was also identified. In addition, a statistically significant association between homologous IL-4 -589 C/C genotype and lower circulatory high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels was observed. Our results suggested that IL-4 promoter polymorphisms are associated with T2DM. A significant association between IL-4 -589 C/C genotype and lower circulatory high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level was observed as well. The above results suggested that IL-4 may participate in lipid metabolism and diabetic susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Kuo-Ting
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Ming-Yuh
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Shiau
authors.forename: Yih-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chuan-Mu
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shun-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chien-Ning
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D017931:DNA Primers; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D017931:DNA Primers