title: An oxygen-consuming phantom simulating perfused tissue to explore oxygen dynamics and (19)F MRI oximetry.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study presents a reproducible phantom which mimics oxygen-consuming tissue and can be used for the validation of (19)F MRI oximetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  The phantom consists of a haemodialysis filter of which the outer compartment is filled with a gelatin matrix containing viable yeast cells. Perfluorocarbon emulsions can be added to the gelatin matrix to simulate sequestered perfluorocarbons. A blood-substituting perfluorocarbon fluid is pumped through the lumen of the fibres in the filter. (19)F relaxometry MRI is performed with a fast 2D Look-Locker imaging sequence on a clinical 3T scanner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acute and perfusion-related hypoxia were simulated and imaged spatially and temporally using the phantom.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presented experimental setup can be used to simulate oxygen consumption by somatic cells in vivo and for validating computational biophysical models of hypoxia, as measured with (19)F MRI oximetry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology and Experimental Cancer Research, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium. steven.baete@ugent.be
authors.forename: Steven H Ubert
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Baete
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vandecasteele
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Colman
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: De Neve
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: De Deene
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005461:Fluorine; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010092:Oximetry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D005461:Fluorine; D010100:Oxygen