title: Inhibitory effects of the transgenic Panax ginsengs on phorbol ester plus A23187-induced IL-6 production and cyclooxygenase-2 via suppression of NF-κB and MAPKs in HMC-1.
abstract: Our previous studies have that demonstrated the overexpression of the squalene synthase gene enhances the biosynthesis of triterpene and phytosterol in Panax ginseng. The total ginsenoside contents in adventitious roots of transgenic P. ginseng were about 1.6-3-fold higher than those in the wild-type. In the present work, we have evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of two types of transgenic P. ginseng (BS and SS) and the wild-type P. ginseng (GS) in a stimulated human mast cell line 1 (HMC-1). GS, BS, and SS inhibited not only the production of interleukin 6 (IL-6), but also the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187 (PMACI)-stimulated HMC-1. Additionally, GS, BS, and SS suppressed the expression of the nuclear transcription factor κB and mitogen-activated protein kinases induced by PMACI. The anti-inflammatory effects of BS and SS were higher than that of GS. These results provide new insights into the pharmacological actions of transgenic P. ginseng as a potential molecule for use in therapy in mast cell-mediated inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Oriental Medicine, Institute of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: In-Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min-Cheol
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hye-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Tae-Hee
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Ju-Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Ju-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deok-Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Um
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000737:chemistry*; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000001:Calcimycin; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D036145:Ginsenosides; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors