title: Meropenem monotherapy as an empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia in childhood cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chemotherapy related neutropenia developing in oncologic patients is a significant condition and major cause of morbidity and mortality. Febrile neutropenic attacks without complications can be successfully treated with wide-spectrum anti-pseudomonal cephalosporins or carbapenems.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the efficacy and safety of meropenem in the treatment of febrile neutropenia (FN) in children with cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty four patients who had a febrile neutropenic episodes followed by initiation of empirical meropenem therapy were included in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all the patients, 13 (54.2%) had solid tumors, while 11 (45.8%) were diagnosed to have acute leukemia. Among all, 7 (29.2%) and 15 (62.5%) infections were identified microbiologically and clinically, respectively. Fever of unknown origin was observed in 2 (8.3%) patients. The mean duration of neutropenia was 7.2 +/- 3.1 (4-14) days in patients with solid tumors, and 9.3 +/- 4.7 (2-17) days in the group with leukemia. This difference was not statistically significant (log rank, p=0.063). Average time of stay in hospital was 10.1 +/- 6.4 (4-21) days for patients with solid tumors, and 15.9 +/- 11.7 (5-37) days for patients with leukemia (log rank, p=0.041). FN duration was observed to be significantly longer in patients with an absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of less than 100/mm3 and even those with an ANC of less than 200/mm3, and in children who were not in remission for the underlying malign disease (p<0.05). While 22 (91.7%) of the patients were discharged from the hospital, 2 (8.3%) died. The success rate of empirical therapy started with meropenem was 87.5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meropenem is effective and safe for treatment of FN in pediatric cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Cukurova University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Oncology and Pediatric BMT Unit, Balcali Hospital, Adana, Turkey. erbeyfa@gmail.com
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Erbey
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.forename: Sema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Atila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanyeli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D000077731:Meropenem; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D013845:Thienamycins; D000077731:Meropenem