Evaluation of fumonisin biomarkers in a cross-sectional study with two high-risk populations in China.
Levels of serum and urinary sphinganine (Sa) and sphingosine (So), the Sa/So ratio, and urinary-free fumonisin B(1) (FB(1)) were determined in a cross-sectional study consisting of 43 adults in Huaian and 34 adults in Fusui, China. Home-produced corn had 100% contamination with FB(1). There were 93.0% (40/43) of Huaian subjects and 52.9% (18/34) of Fusui subjects with daily FB(1) intakes greater than 2 microg kg(-1) body weight, which showed a significant difference (p < 0.01). Levels of sphinganine and sphingosine and the Sa/So ratio were not correlated with levels of dietary exposure. The median level of the serum Sa/So ratio in Huaian subjects (0.41, range = 0.14-0.85) was significantly lower than that in Fusui subjects (0.78, range = 0.57-1.08) (p < 0.01). The median level of the urinary Sa/So ratio was also significantly lower in Huaian subjects (0.31, range = 0.08-1.33) than in Fusui subjects (0.57, range = 0.03-2.52) (p < 0.01). Urinary-free FB(1) was detected in 83.7% (36/43) of Huaian samples and in 82.4% (28/34) of Fusui urine samples (p > 0.05). However, the median level of urinary-free FB(1) in Huaian subjects, 3.91 (range = 0.06-253.61) ng mg(-1) creatinine, was significantly higher than 0.39 (range = 0.01-3.72) ng mg(-1) creatinine found in Fusui subjects (p < 0.01). These results suggest that urinary-free FB(1) may be a potential biomarker for human fumonisin exposure, while further validation is needed in human epidemiological and intervention studies.
Xu
L
L
Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
Cai
Q
Q
Tang
L
L
Wang
S
S
Hu
X
X
Su
J
J
Sun
G
G
Wang
J-S
JS
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005506:Food Contamination; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry
D015415:Biomarkers; D037341:Fumonisins; C056933:fumonisin B1; D013110:Sphingosine; C005682:safingol