title: Appropriate electrode placement site for electric pulp testing of anterior teeth in Nigerian adults: a clinical study.
abstract: Electric pulp testing is one of the pulp vitality tests which aid dentists in diagnosis of the pulp status. This test is technique sensitive and hence may elicit false responses. There are some concerns regarding the optimal placement of the probe tip. The threshold value (the lowest electric current at which sensation is perceived) is reached when an adequate number of nerve fibers are stimulated, so the sensation would be greatest where the density of neural distribution is the highest. The purpose of this study was to identify the optimum site for electrode placement in anterior teeth of adults, the threshold values of these teeth using an electric pulp test, and to determine the influence of sex, age, and arch on the outcome. The optimum electrode placement sites and threshold values varied with type of tooth and arch. The maxillary teeth, canines, male gender and increasing age required higher electric current to evoke a sensation, while incisal edges required lower current to evoke a sensation.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Christopher I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Udoye
authors.forename: Hamid
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jafarzadeh
authors.forename: Uche C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Okechi
authors.forename: Emmanuel N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Aguwa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003481:Cuspid / Q000502:physiology; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D003791:Dental Pulp Test / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology; D009549:Nigeria; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000502:physiology; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult