title: Retinal fractals and acute lacunar stroke.
abstract: This study aimed to determine whether retinal fractal dimension, a quantitative measure of microvascular branching complexity and density, is associated with lacunar stroke. A total of 392 patients presenting with acute ischemic stroke had retinal fractal dimension measured from digital photographs, and lacunar infarct ascertained from brain imaging. After adjusting for age, gender, and vascular risk factors, higher retinal fractal dimension (highest vs lowest quartile and per standard deviation increase) was independently and positively associated with lacunar stroke (odds ratio [OR], 4.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.49-12.17 and OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.20-2.84, respectively). Increased retinal microvascular complexity and density is associated with lacunar stroke.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liew
authors.forename: Richard I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Lindley
authors.forename: Erica Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jie Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hand
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Tien Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017709:Fractals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels / Q000473:pathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012160:Retina / Q000473:pathology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*