title: Evidence for the changes of antitumor immune response during lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to elucidate the differences in antitumor immune responses between primary tumors and metastatic regional lymph nodes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clonality of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in tissue specimens from 17 HNSCC patients was examined regarding their T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires and their complementary determining region 3 (CDR3) size spectratyping. Cytokine expression profiles and T-cell phenotypes also were measured by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The host immune responses to HNSCC cells, reflected by the TCR repertoire, differed between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. CD8+-T cells and T helper type 1 (TH1)/T cytotoxic 1 (TC1) cell cytokine production in metastatic and nonmetastatic lymph nodes were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The antitumor immune response to HNSCC cells changes during lymph node metastasis, and HNSCC cells can escape the cytotoxic immune responses mediated by CD8+-T cells and TH1/TC1 cells. These results suggest that lymph node metastasis might be associated with changes in the nature of the primary tumor antigens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama Rosai Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Satsuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D022801:Complementarity Determining Regions / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000276:immunology*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D022801:Complementarity Determining Regions; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell