title: Insulin-resistance and metabolic syndrome are related to executive function in women in a large family-based study.
abstract: While type 2 diabetes is well-known to be associated with poorer cognitive performance, few studies have reported on the association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and contributing factors, such as insulin-resistance (HOMA-IR), low adiponectin-, and high C-reactive protein (CRP)-levels. We studied whether these factors are related to cognitive function and which of the MetS components are independently associated. The study was embedded in an ongoing family-based cohort study in a Dutch population. All participants underwent physical examinations, biomedical measurements, and neuropsychological testing. Linear regression models were used to determine the association between MetS, HOMA-IR, adiponectin levels, CRP, and cognitive test scores. Cross-sectional analyses were performed in 1,898 subjects (mean age 48 years, 43% men). People with MetS had significantly higher HOMA-IR scores, lower adiponectin levels, and higher CRP levels. MetS and high HOMA-IR were associated with poorer executive function in women (P = 0.03 and P = 0.009). MetS and HOMA-IR are associated with poorer executive function in women.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Epidemiology Unit Ee2173, Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. m.schuur@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuur
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henneman
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van Swieten
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zillikens
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Koning
authors.forename: A C J W
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Janssens
authors.forename: J C M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Witteman
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Aulchenko
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Frants
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Oostra
authors.forename: K Willems
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van Duijn
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D056344:Executive Function / Q000502:physiology*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein