title: Anti-scratching behavioral effects of N-stearoyl-phytosphingosine and 4-hydroxysphinganine in mice.
abstract: N-Stearoyl-phytosphingosine (SPS) and 4-hydroxysphinganine (phytosphingosine, PS), which are sphingolipids frequently found in mammalian skin, plants, and yeast, have been used as ingredients in cosmetics. In mice, treatment with SPS and PS inhibited histamine-induced scratching behavior and vascular permeability. These agents inhibited the expression of the allergic cytokines, IL-4 and TNF-alpha, and the activation of the transcription factors, NF-kappaB and c-jun, in histamine-stimulated skin tissues. These agents also showed potent anti-histamine effects in the Magnus test using guinea pig ileum. Based on these results, SPS and PS may improve scratching behavioral reactions in skin by regulating the action of histamine and the activation of the transcription factors NF-kappaB and c-jun.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 1, Hoegi, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul, 130-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwon-Ryeol
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Bomi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In-Ah
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sekwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Dong-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000982:Antipruritics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002518:Ceramides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011537:Pruritus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000982:Antipruritics; D002518:Ceramides; C553174:N-stearoylphytosphingosine; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D006632:Histamine; C012491:phytosphingosine; D013110:Sphingosine