title: RGS16 and FosB underexpressed in pancreatic cancer with lymph node metastasis promote tumor progression.
abstract: Lymph node (LN) metastasis is one of the most important adverse prognostic factors for pancreatic cancer. The aim of this study was to identify novel lymphatic metastasis-associated markers for pancreatic cancer. DNA microarray analysis was used to determine and compare the expression profiles of 17 pancreatic cancer tissues with LN metastasis and 17 pancreatic cancer tissues without LN metastasis. The microarray results were validated by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Only 58 genes were differentially expressed between the two groups with a difference in signal intensity ratio greater than a 1.5-fold change. Of these genes, 30 were significantly down-regulated in the LN metastasis group. Among five selected down-regulated genes for validation using real-time PCR, the expression of DST, FosB, RGS16, and CXCL12 was significantly lower in the LN metastasis group. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed RGS16 and FosB underexpression in pancreatic cancer tissues with LN metastasis. RGS16 and FosB underexpression was associated with poor patient survival. Our findings show that RGS16 and FosB are underexpressed in pancreatic cancer with lymph node metastasis and associated with reduced survival, suggesting that RGS16 and FosB might be prognostic markers for pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Health Promotion Center, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ji Hyang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyu Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong Kyoon
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kwang Hyuck
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kee-Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Jin Seok
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Seong Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jong Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D020710:RGS Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C064269:FOSB protein, human; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D020710:RGS Proteins; C107413:RGS16 protein