Electronegative low-density lipoprotein is associated with dense low-density lipoprotein in subjects with different levels of cardiovascular risk.
Dyslipidemias and physicochemical changes in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are very important factors for the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, pathophysiological properties of electronegative low-density lipoprotein [LDL(-)] remain a controversial issue. Our objective was to investigate LDL(-) content in LDL and its subfractions (phenotypes A and B) of subjects with different cardiovascular risk. Seventy-three subjects were randomized into three groups: normolipidemic (N; n = 30) and hypercholesterolemic (HC; n = 33) subjects and patients with CAD (n = 10). After fasting, blood samples were collected and total, dense and light LDL were isolated. LDL(-) content in total LDL and its subfractions was determined by ELISA. LDL(-) content in total LDL was lower in the N group as compared to the HC (P < 0.001) and CAD (P = 0.006) groups. In the total sample and in those of the N, HC, and CAD groups, LDL(-) content in dense LDL was higher than in light LDL (P = 0.001, 0.001, 0.001, and 0.033, respectively) The impact of LDL(-) on cardiovascular risk was reinforced when LDL(-) content in LDL showed itself to have a positive association with total cholesterol (beta = 0.003; P < 0.001), LDL-C (beta = 0.003; p < 0.001), and non-HDL-C (beta = 0.003; P < 0.001) and a negative association with HDL-C (beta = -0.32; P = 0.04). Therefore, LDL(-) is an important biomarker that showed association with the lipid profile and the level of cardiovascular risk.
de Queiroz Mello
Ana Paula
AP
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, University of Sao Paulo, Av Dr Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP, 01246-904, Brazil.
da Silva
Isis Tande
IT
Oliveira
Aline Silva
AS
Nunes
Valéria Sutti
VS
Abdalla
Dulcineia Saes Parra
DS
Gidlund
Magnus
M
Damasceno
Nágila Raquel Teixeira
NR
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL