title: Crystallographic studies on the binding of selectively deuterated LLD- and LLL-substrate epimers by isopenicillin N synthase.
abstract: Isopenicillin N synthase (IPNS) is a non-heme iron(II) oxidase which catalyses the biosynthesis of isopenicillin N (IPN) from the tripeptide delta-l-alpha-aminoadipoyl-l-cysteinyl-d-valine (lld-ACV). Herein we report crystallographic studies to investigate the binding of a truncated lll-substrate in the active site of IPNS. Two epimeric tripeptides have been prepared by solution phase peptide synthesis and crystallised with the enzyme. delta-l-alpha-Aminoadipoyl-l-cysteinyl-d-2-amino-3,3-dideuteriobutyrate (lld-ACd(2)Ab) has the same configuration as the natural substrate lld-ACV at each of its three stereocentres; its epimer delta-l-alpha-aminoadipoyl-l-cysteinyl-l-2-amino-3,3-dideuteriobutyrate (lll-ACd(2)Ab) has the opposite configuration at its third amino acid. lll-ACV has previously been shown to inhibit IPNS turnover of its substrate lld-ACV; the all-protiated tripeptide delta-l-alpha-aminoadipoyl-l-cysteinyl-d-2-aminobutyrate (lld-ACAb) is a substrate for IPNS, being turned over to a mixture of penam and cepham products. Comparisons between the crystal structures of the IPNS:Fe(II):lld-ACd(2)Ab and IPNS:Fe(II):lll-ACd(2)Ab complexes offer a possible rationale for the previously observed inhibitory effects of lll-ACV on IPNS activity.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Rd., Oxford OX1 3TA, UK.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Clifton
authors.forename: Jeanette E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Stok
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Adlington
authors.forename: Jack E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rutledge
mesh_terms: D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003903:Deuterium / Q000737:chemistry; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009842:Oligopeptides; C011638:5-(2-aminoadipyl)cysteinylvaline; D003903:Deuterium; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C038370:isopenicillin N synthetase