title: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever presenting as epididymo-orchitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a potentially fatal disease caused by a tick-borne virus.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A 53-year-old man presented with fever and acute painful scrotal swelling simulating acute epididymo-orchitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on the clinical and epidemiological findings, CCHF virus infection and epididymo-orchitis were suspected. This symptom, rarely reported in viral haemorrhagic fevers, was observed in this case.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnosis was confirmed by detection of the IgM antibody to CCHF virus and positive RT-PCR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report the first case of imported CCHF presenting as epididymo-orchitis. This symptom is a rare complication of CCHF, and the clinician should consider this entity in the differential diagnosis of adults with epididymo-orchitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Fatih Government Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey. hamitzaferaksoy@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hamit Zafer
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: Gurdal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Firdevs
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: Iftihar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Koksal
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004823:Epididymitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D003225:Hemorrhagic Fever Virus, Crimean-Congo / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006479:Hemorrhagic Fever, Crimean / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009920:Orchitis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012367:RNA, Viral