title: A multicenter, case-control study on risk factors for antepartum stillbirth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the influence of socio-demographic variables, lifestyle and medical conditions on the epidemiology of stillbirth (SB) is modified by population features, we aimed at investigating the role played by these factors on the incidence of SB in a developed country.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multivariate logistic regression analysis (OR with 95% CI) was utilized in a prospective multicentre nested case-control study to compare in a 1:2 ratio stillborn of >22 weeks gestation with matched for gestational age live-born (LB) infants. Intrapartum SB were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred fifty-four consecutive SBs and 497 LBs were enrolled. Socio-demographic variables were equally distributed. Fetal malformations (7.96, 2.69-23.55), severe intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (birthweight ≤ 5(th) %ile) (4.32, 2.27?8.24), BMI > 25 (2.87, 1.90-4.33), and preeclampsia (PE, 0.40, 0.21-0.77) were recognized as independent predictors for SB. At term, only BMI > 25 was associated with SB (7.70, 2.9-20.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal malformations, severe IUGR and maternal BMI > 25 were associated with a significant increase in the risk of SB; PE presented instead a protective role. Maternal BMI > 25 was the only risk factor for SB identified in term pregnancies.
authors.affiliation: Mother-Infant Department, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. Facchi@unimore.it
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Facchinetti
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alberico
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Benedetto
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cozzolino
authors.forename: Gian Carlo
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Di Renzo
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Del Giovane
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mecacci
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menato
authors.forename: Andrea L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tranquilli
authors.forename: Dante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baronciani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002423:Cause of Death; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors; D050497:Stillbirth / Q000453:epidemiology*; D055815:Young Adult