title: A novel mechanism of cell growth regulation by Cell Cycle and Apoptosis Regulatory Protein (CARP)-1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CARP-1/CCAR1, a perinuclear phospho-protein, regulates signaling by adriamycin, steroids, or growth factors. However, intracellular events that regulate CARP-1-dependent cell growth are not fully understood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Here we investigated whether CARP-1 is involved in signaling induced by the protein kinase A inhibitor H89. Treatments of human breast cancer cells with H89 resulted in apoptosis that involved enhanced CARP-1 threonine phosphorylation and expression. Depletion of CARP-1, on the other hand, abrogates apoptosis induced by H89. CARP-1 binds with signal transducer TAZ and over-expression of TAZ inhibits apoptosis by CARP-1. CARP-1 (651-759) interacts with a novel, N-terminal epitope of TAZ. H89 treatment stimulates threonine phosphorylation of CARP-1 (651-759), while substitution of threonine667 to alanine interferes with its binding with TAZ and apoptosis by H89. In addition, expression of wild type or CARP-1 (651-759) causes loss of c-myc expression due, in part, to suppression of c-myc transcription.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CARP-1 threonine667 regulates H89-dependent signaling by a novel pathway that involves modulation of CARP-1 interaction with TAZ and transcriptional down-regulation of c-myc.
authors.affiliation: Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University and John D, Dingell VA Medical Center, Room B4325, 4646 John R, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. Rishia@Karmanos.org.
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Vineshkumar T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Puliyappadamba
authors.forename: Liyue
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wali
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Yaffe
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: Arun K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Rishi