title: Current management of bloodstream infections.
abstract: Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a frequent complication of invasive infections. The presence of bacteremia has therapeutic and prognostic implications. Here we review recent changes in the epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of BSI (excluding candidemia). The evidence of the impact of healthcare-association in many community-onset episodes and the increase in drug-resistant pathogens causing BSI in the community and hospitals is reviewed. The emergence of molecular methods as an alternative tool for the diagnosis of BSI and novel aspects of clinical management, particularly of some multidrug-resistant organisms. Several quality indicators related to the diagnosis and management of bacteremia in hospitals are proposed.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, Avda Dr Fedriani 3, 41009 Sevilla, Spain. jesusrb@us.es
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Baño
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Cueto
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Retamar
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gálvez-Acebal
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016469:Fungemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005658:Fungi / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors