title: Pseudomonas aeruginosa outbreak linked to mineral water bottles in a neonatal intensive care unit: fast typing by use of high-resolution melting analysis of a variable-number tandem-repeat locus.
abstract: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes nosocomial infections in intensive care units. Determining a system of typing that is discriminatory is essential for epidemiological surveillance of P. aeruginosa. We developed a method for the typing of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, namely, multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) typing with high-resolution melting analysis (HRMA). The technology was used to genotype a collection of 43 environmental and clinical strains isolated during an outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) that we report. Nineteen strains isolated in other departments or outside the hospital were also tested. The genetic diversity of this collection was determined using VNTR-HRMA, with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis as a reference. Twenty-five and 28 genotypes were identified, respectively, and both techniques produced congruent data. VNTR-HRMA established clonal relationships between the strains of P. aeruginosa isolated during the outbreak in the NICU and proved, for the first time, the role of mineral water as the inoculum source. VNTR typing with one primer pair in association with HRMA is highly reproducible and discriminative, easily portable among laboratories, fast, and inexpensive, and it demonstrated excellent typeability in this study. VNTR-HRMA represents a promising tool for the molecular surveillance of P. aeruginosa and perhaps for molecular epidemiologic analysis of other hospital infections.
authors.affiliation: Service de Bactériologie-Parasitologie-Virologie et Hygiène, Groupe Hospitalier Sud Réunion, BP350, Saint Pierre Cedex 97448, La Réunion, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Naze
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jouen
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Randriamahazo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simac
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blériot
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiroleu
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gagnevin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pruvost
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michault
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000382:microbiology*; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D008900:Mineral Waters