title: Preventive effects of black tea theaflavins against mouse type IV allergy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tea (Camellia sinensis L.), one of the most popular beverages, contains various beneficial constituents. We investigated the preventive effects of black tea theaflavins, theaflavin-3-gallate (3-TF) and theaflavin-3,3'-digallate (TFDG), on oxazolone-induced type IV allergy in male ICR mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Percutaneous administration of both 3-TF and TFDG at 0.2 mg ear(-1) showed significant preventive effects against mouse type IV allergy. Oral administration of these agents at 50 mg kg(-1) body weight also showed significant preventive effects against mouse type IV allergy. Oral administration of 3-TF and TFDG at a dose of 50 mg kg(-1) body weight prevented the increases in levels of some proinflammatory cytokines, interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), in the sera and/or ears of mice with type IV allergy. Lowering of serum antioxidant activity in mice with allergic symptoms was also prevented by oral administration of these theaflavins at a dose of 50 mg kg(-1) body weight. The anti-allergic mechanisms of action of theaflavins involve inhibition of the fluctuations of cytokines and maintenance of antioxidant status in allergic mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the theaflavins as well as catechins contribute to the anti-allergic effects of black tea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Numazu National College of Technology, Shizuoka 410-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Katsuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002392:Catechin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010081:Oxazolone; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D044946:Biflavonoids; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010081:Oxazolone; C056068:theaflavin; D002392:Catechin