title: Multifunctional nature of UV-irradiated nanocrystalline anatase thin films for biomedical applications.
abstract: Anatase is known to decompose organic material by photocatalysis and to enhance surface wettability once irradiated by ultraviolet (UV) light. In this study, pulse magnetron-sputtered anatase thin films were investigated for their suitability with respect to specific biomedical applications, namely superhydrophilic and biofilm degrading implant surfaces. UV-induced hydrophilicity was quantified by static and dynamic contact angle analysis. Photocatalytic protein decomposition was analyzed by quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation. The surfaces were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The radical formation on anatase, responsible for photocatalytic effects, was analyzed by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Results have shown that the nanocrystalline anatase films, in contrast to reference titanium surfaces, were sensitive to UV irradiation and showed rapid switching towards superhydrophilicity. The observed decrease in carbon adsorbents and the increase in the fraction of surface hydroxyl groups upon UV irradiation might contribute to this hydrophilic behavior. UV irradiation of anatase pre-conditioned with albumin protein layers induces the photocatalytic decomposition of these model biofilms. The observed degradation is mainly caused by hydroxyl radicals. It is concluded that nanocrystalline anatase films offer different functions at implant interfaces, e.g. bedside hydrophilization of anatase-coated implants for improved osseointegration or the in situ decomposition of conditioning films forming the basal layer of biofilms in the oral cavity.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Tübingen, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Section Medical Materials and Technology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany. frank.rupp@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rupp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haupt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klostermann
authors.forename: H-S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peetsch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scheideler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Doering
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oehr
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wendel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: von Ohle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geis-Gerstorfer
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008422:Materials Testing; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy; D058525:Quartz Crystal Microbalance Techniques; D012996:Solutions; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D012996:Solutions; C009495:titanium dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D014025:Titanium