title: Laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer: a case-matched study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The field of laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery is expanding. We compare short-term and early oncological outcomes after laparoscopic versus open resection in carefully matched rectal cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  All consecutive patients undergoing elective laparoscopic resection for rectal cancer were reviewed. Laparoscopic resections were matched 1:1 to open resections by age, gender, American Society of Anesthesiologists class, body mass index, neoadjuvant chemoradiation, and type of surgery. Data were analyzed using Fisher's exact, chi-square, Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, and Kaplan-Meier estimates. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-one rectal cancer patients with laparoscopic resection were included, 59% were male, and median age was 62 years. Conversion rate was 18.7%. Laparoscopic and open surgery had similar 30-day morbidity and mortality except wound infection, which was lower for the laparoscopic group (p = 0.02). Laparoscopic surgery had similar 30-day readmissions but shorter total length of hospital stay (5 versus 7 days, p < 0.01), time to first flatus (3 versus 4.5 days, p = 0.001), and time to first bowel movement (4 versus 5 days, p = 0.05) when compared with open surgery. The 3-year disease-free survival, local recurrence, and distant recurrence rates were also similar between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic surgery can be safely performed for rectal cancer, with better postoperative recovery and acceptable early oncological outcomes. Results from large ongoing randomized trials with longer follow-up time are pending to better define oncologic outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Digestive Disease Institute, Cleveland Clinic, A30, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. andreluzmoreira@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: da Luz Moreira
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Geisler
authors.forename: Feza H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Remzi
authors.forename: Ravi P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kiran
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007813:Laparotomy; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome