title: Effect of crude extract of Solanum xanthocarpum against snails and mosquito larvae.
abstract: The ethanolic crude extract from Solanum xanthocarpum was investigated for its molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata, the snail vector of Schistosoma mansoni, and Indoplanorbis exustus, the snail vector of intestinal echinostomiasis and Schistosoma spindale, together with the larvicidal activity against the larvae of Aedes aegypti, mosquito vector of dengue hemorrhagic fever and Culex quinquefasciatus, the mosquito vector of urban bancroftian filariasis. The bioassays were carried out following the methods recommended by the World Health Organization. For molluscicidal activity, the LC50 against Bi. glabrata and I. exustus were reported at 163.85 and 198.00 mg/l while the LC90 were 219.33 and 236.80 mg/l, respectively. Regarding mosquito larvicidal activity, the LC50 against the larvae of Ae. aegypti and Cx. quinquefasciatus were 788.10 and 573.20 mg/l, while the LC90 were 1288.91 and 1066.93 mg/l, respectively. These results suggest a preparation of ingredients from this plant may be used as a biological larvicide for these vectors in the field.
authors.affiliation: The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Disease in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand. g4837556@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Tanasak
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Changbunjong
authors.forename: Waranya
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wongwit
authors.forename: Somjai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leemingsawat
authors.forename: Yuwadee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tongtokit
authors.forename: Vanida
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deesin
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D003465:Culex / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D012908:Snails / Q000187:drug effects*; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts