title: The ultrastructural study of tumorigenic cells using nanobiomarkers.
abstract: Despite recent advances, patients with malignant brain tumors still have a poor prognosis. Glioblastoma (WHO grade 4 astrocytoma), the most malignant brain tumor, represents 50% of all astrocytomas, with a median survival rate of <1 year. It is, therefore, extremely important to search for new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for patients with glioblastoma. This study describes the application of superparamagnetic nanoparticles of iron oxide, as well as monoclonal antibodies, of immunophenotypic significance, conjoined to quantum dots for the ultrastructural assessment of glioblastoma cells. For this proposal, an immunophenotypic study by flow cytometry was carried out, followed by transmission electron microscopy analysis. The process of tumor cell labeling using nanoparticles can successfully contribute to the identification of tumorigenic cells and consequently for better understanding of glioblastoma genesis and recurrence. In addition, this method may help further studies in tumor imaging, diagnosis, and prognostic markers detection.
authors.affiliation: Instituto do Cérebro, Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein, São Paulo, Brazil. lorenap@einstein.br
authors.forename: Lorena Favaro
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Pavon
authors.forename: Luciana Cavalheiro
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Marti
authors.forename: Tatiana Tais
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Sibov
authors.forename: Suzana M F
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Malheiros
authors.forename: Daniela Mara
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Daiane Donna
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Guilhen
authors.forename: Maria Izabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Camargo-Mathias
authors.forename: Edson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amaro Junior
authors.forename: Lionel Fernel
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Gamarra
mesh_terms: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D000071063:Endoglin; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D045663:Quantum Dots; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000071916:AC133 Antigen; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015415:Biomarkers; C497483:CD44 protein, human; C064206:ENG protein, human; D000071063:Endoglin; C107585:FOXM1 protein, human; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D019012:Integrin beta1; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010455:Peptides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface