title: Systematics of the subfamily Haplorchiinae (Trematoda: Heterphyidae), based on nuclear ribosomal DNA genes and ITS2 region.
abstract: Phylogenetic relationships of 6 species in the trematode subfamily Haplorchiinae were analyzed using small and large subunit of ribosomal DNA genes (18S rDNA and 28S rDNA) and internal transcribed spacer subunit II (ITS2) region as molecular markers. Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses of combined rDNAs and ITS2 indicated a close relationship between the genera Haplorchis and Procerovum, while these two genera were distinct from Stellantchasmus falcatus. These phylogenetic relationships were consistent with the number of testes but not with the characters of the modification of the seminal vesicle or of the ventral sucker. Although three Haplorchis spp. were, together with Procerovum, in the same cluster, their mutual topology was incongruent between rDNA and ITS2 trees. Phylogenetic analyses using other molecular markers with more species are necessary to work out solid phylogenetic relationships among the species in this subfamily.
authors.affiliation: Department of Helminthology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Urusa
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Thaenkham
authors.forename: Paron
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dekumyoy
authors.forename: Chalit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Komalamisra
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Do Trung
authors.initials: do T
authors.lastname: Dung
authors.forename: Jitra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waikagul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000032:analysis; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014200:Trematoda / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S