title: Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in the cabbage looper (Trichoplusia ni) increases susceptibility to a nucleopolyhedrovirus.
abstract: Cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni, are pests in many agricultural settings including vegetable greenhouses in British Columbia (Canada), where microbial insecticides based on Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins are commonly used. Frequent use of these insecticides has led to resistance in some populations. An alternative microbial control is the multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus of the alfalfa looper (Autographa californica), AcMNPV which occurs naturally, but at low frequencies in T. ni populations. Bioassays show that T. ni resistant to Bt were twice as susceptible to AcMNPV as were individuals from the Bt-susceptible strain and AcMNPV could be complementary in a resistance management program for T. ni.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Land and Food Systems, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4.
authors.forename: Rana M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Sarfraz
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cervantes
authors.forename: Judith H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Myers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D056265:Microbial Interactions; D009036:Moths / Q000382:microbiology*; D017924:Nucleopolyhedroviruses / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*