title: Protective effect of quercetin against paraquat-induced lung injury in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Paraquat (PQ) is known to induce pulmonary injury via a redox cyclic reaction. The present study was aimed to determine the protective effects of quercetin against PQ-induced pulmonary injury in association with its antioxidant activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male rats were challenged acutely by PQ (50 mg/kg, i.p.) with or without quercetin post-treatment. Pulmonary heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and the total oxyradical scavenging capacity (TOSC) toward hydroxyl, peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite were measured 24 h after PQ treatment. Different groups of rats were instilled with PQ (0.5 mg/kg) directly into the right lung. Quercetin was administered to the rats daily for 14 days after PQ instillation. Serum NO, pulmonary glutathione (GSH) and 4-hydroxyproline (4-HP) concentrations were quantified in conjunction with histopathological examination to determine the fibrotic changes in lung.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary MDA level and HO-1 expression were elevated and the TOSC was reduced rapidly by an intraperitoneal dose of PQ. These changes were inhibited by quercetin post-treatment. In rat lungs instilled with PQ 14 days before, NO, MDA and 4-HP were elevated, and GSH was reduced, which were all inhibited significantly by daily quercetin treatment. Histopathological examination also revealed that quercetin ameliorated the increase in fibroblast distribution and collagen deposition in the lungs instilled with PQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results demonstrate that quercetin administration to rats effectively inhibits the development of PQ-induced pulmonary injury most probably via its antioxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hee K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sun J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Do Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jae H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Young C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006909:Hydroxyproline / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D055370:Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010269:Paraquat / Q000633:toxicity*; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003094:Collagen; D011794:Quercetin; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D005978:Glutathione; D010269:Paraquat; D006909:Hydroxyproline