title: Mycobacterium bovis-BCG vaccination induces specific pulmonary transcriptome biosignatures in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the present study, we applied microarray technology to define biosignatures by microarray transcriptome analysis in lung and spleen samples after BCG vaccination and M. bovis infection of BALB/c mice. The aims were two-fold, namely to define biosignatures that could predict vaccine success before challenge, and biomarker patterns that correlated with anamnestic protective responses following exposure to virulent M. bovis. Further, these biosignatures should be detectable without in vitro antigenic challenge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After BCG vaccination, we defined a specific pulmonary gene expression signature related to the connective tissue development and function network that predicted vaccine success before M. bovis challenge. In addition, a Th17-related cytokine profile was found that correlated with vaccine-induced protective immunity following infection with virulent M. bovis in the lung as well as additional genes that were up-regulated in the spleens of vaccinated animals post-infection related to neutrophil biology and inflammation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has therefore prioritized both biomarkers predicting vaccination success before challenge and bio-signatures that are potentially associated with protective immune responses that will be useful to evaluate future vaccine candidates.
authors.affiliation: TB Research Group, Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Addlestone, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Elihu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aranday Cortes
authors.forename: Daryan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaveh
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nunez-Garcia
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hogarth
authors.forename: H Martin
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Vordermeier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine