title: Racial variation in tubal sterilization rates: role of patient-level factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess racial differences in attitudes and knowledge about sterilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaires were mailed to participants' home addresses.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-three women, aged 18-45, who had undergone tubal sterilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Attitudes and knowledge about tubal sterilization and awareness of contraceptive alternatives.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We received 193 completed surveys (64% response rate). African American (AA) woman were more likely to have a family member who had undergone tubal sterilization, to report that their mothers influenced their sterilization decisions, and to report that prior unintended pregnancy and desire to avoid insertion of a foreign object were very important factors in their decision to choose sterilization over other methods. Compared with white women, AA women more often thought that sterilization reversal could easily restore fertility (62% vs. 36%); that a woman's sterilization would reverse itself after 5 years (60% vs. 23%); and that a man cannot ejaculate after vasectomy (38% vs. 13%). Fewer AA women had ever heard of intrauterine contraception (90% vs. 98%). Racial differences in knowledge remained statistically significant after adjusting for socioeconomic confounders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Misinformation about sterilization and limited awareness of contraceptive alternatives among AA women may contribute to racial disparities in tubal sterilization rates.
authors.affiliation: Divison of General Internal Medicine, Center for Research on Health Care, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. borrerosp@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Sonya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borrero
authors.forename: Kaleab
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abebe
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dehlendorf
authors.forename: Eleanor Bimla
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Mitchell D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Creinin
authors.forename: Cara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nikolajski
authors.forename: Said
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult