title: Salmonella Typhimurium and Salmonella Enteritidis in England: costs to patients, their families, and primary and community health services of the NHS.
abstract: This is the first study comparing societal costs of acute illness with Salmonella Typhimurium (ST) and Salmonella Enteritidis (SE) in the UK. It included the cost and severity of the illness and explored the impact of each Salmonella serovar on the patients, their families, the NHS, and the wider economy. The study ascertained confirmed cases of ST and SE between July and November 2008. The mean costs per case were £1282 (ST) and £993 (SE). The indirect costs associated with the work-time lost by the case, parents, or carers were £409 (ST) and £228 (SE); this difference was statistically significant. The aggregate cost of ST and SE identified using laboratory test results for the UK as a whole was estimated as £6.5 million. Work-time lost and caring activities are cost categories that are not frequently investigated within the infectious intestinal disease literature, although they represent an important societal cost.
authors.affiliation: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. andreia.santos@lshtm.ac.uk
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: A J C
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sheehan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Adak
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Clifton-Hadley
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003153:Community Health Services; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005102:Health Expenditures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult