title: The collagen-breakdown product N-acetyl-Proline-Glycine-Proline (N-alpha-PGP) does not interact directly with human CXCR1 and CXCR2.
abstract: Neutrophils transmigrate from the blood into inflamed tissue via the interaction of chemokines produced in this tissue with chemokine receptors, such as CXCR1 and CXCR2, that are expressed on the membranes of neutrophils. Subsequently, activation of neutrophils will in turn lead to increased tissue damage and thereby enhanced clinical symptoms of inflammatory diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis. Besides chemokines, also the collagen-breakdown product N-acetyl-Proline-Glycine-Proline (N-alpha-PGP) attracts neutrophils. In a recent article (Weathington et al., 2006) it was suggested that N-alpha-PGP exerts its effect via CXCR1 and CXCR2. In this study, we show that N-alpha-PGP, in contrast to CXCL8, does not directly activate or interact with CXCR1 or CXCR2. N-alpha-PGP was not able to displace the radioligand [(125)I]CXCL8 from CXCR1 and CXCR2 expressing HEK293T cells or neutrophils. In addition, N-alpha-PGP did not displace the radioligand [(3)H]-SB265610, a CXCR2 antagonist, from CXCR2 expressing cells. Furthermore, N-alpha-PGP was not able to activate G protein signalling in cells expressing CXCR1 and CXCR2. N-alpha-PGP was also not able to recruit beta-arrestin2, an intracellular scaffolding protein involved in G protein-independent signalling, in cells expressing CXCR2. These studies indicate that N-alpha-PGP is not a ligand of CXCR1 or CXCR2.
authors.affiliation: Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Kruijf
authors.forename: Herman D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Saskia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Overbeek
authors.forename: Guido J R
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: Aletta D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kraneveld
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Folkerts
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leurs
authors.forename: Martine J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smit
mesh_terms: D001667:Binding, Competitive; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; C428643:N-acetyl-proline-glycine-proline; D009842:Oligopeptides; D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B; D003094:Collagen