Oxidized purine nucleotides, genome instability and neurodegeneration.
Oxidative DNA damage can be the consequence of endogenous metabolic processes and exogenous insults and several DNA repair enzymes provide protection against the toxic effects of oxidized DNA bases. Here we review the increasing knowledge on the relationship between an oxidized dNTPs pool and genome instability. The review also describes some important progress toward understanding the role of oxidative DNA damage and its repair in neurodegenerative diseases. In particular the hMTH1 hydrolase destroys oxidized nucleic acid precursors to prevent their harmful incorporation into DNA and RNA. Based on results obtained in our transgenic mouse overexpressing hMTH1 in the brain we discussed the mechanisms by which this hydrolase protects against neurodegeneration in Huntington disease models.
Ventura
Ilenia
I
Department of Environment and Primary Prevention, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Russo
Maria Teresa
MT
De Luca
Gabriele
G
Bignami
Margherita
M
D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D003848:Deoxyguanine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D011685:Purine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
D003848:Deoxyguanine Nucleotides; D011685:Purine Nucleotides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C078206:8-oxodeoxyguanosine triphosphate; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; C078207:8-oxodGTPase; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes