title: Utility of placental growth factor for prediction of 30-day adverse event in emergency department population with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Placental growth factor (PIGF) belongs to the vascular endothelial growth factor family and seems to be an independent biomarker for plaque disruption, ischemia, and thrombosis. Plasma PIGF is rapidly produced in infarcted myocardial tissue during the acute phase of myocardial infarction. In this study, the relevance of PIGF was analyzed at the admission of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) without ST elevation for the prognosis of fatal outcome after 30 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected blood samples from 102 ACS patients admitted to the coronary unit with manifesting acute chest pain within the previous 12 hours and measured the levels of PIGF, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and cardiac markers: troponin T (cTnT), B-type natriuretic peptide, creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) and CK activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PIGF, troponin T, and hsCRP levels were significantly higher in non-survivors than in survivors. ROC analysis showed that PIGF had the highest area under ROC curve (AUC, 0.713), but it was not significantly different from AUCs for cTnT and hsCRP. Higher values of PIGF (>13.2 ng/L) pointed towards a higher risk of fatal outcome (HR 2.28; 95 % CI 1.21-4.76; P=0.0125). The multivariable proportional hazards analysis, which had involved other statistically significant markers of relative risk (age and gender), showed that PIGF was an independent prognostic marker (adjusted HR 2.14; 95 % CI 1.08-4.22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirmed that PIGF is an independent biomarker of short-term adverse outcome in patients with ACS without ST elevation and that plaque instability, represented by PIGF elevation, has an important role in the pathogenesis of future coronary events.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Biochemistry, University School of Pharmacy, Belgrade, Serbia. markovic12@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marković
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ignjatović
authors.forename: Marijana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dajak
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Majkić-Singh
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002423:Cause of Death; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D017741:Survivors; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D020107:Troponin T; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form