title: Microvascular reconstruction of mandibular defects in paediatric patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During mandibular reconstruction in paediatric patients special consideration must be given to the issues related to growth when restoration of the mandibular and maxillary relationship is essential for correct development of the facial skeleton, a dynamic process whereby mandibular and maxillary growth are strongly correlated. Wide resections, irradiated fields, infection at the recipient site, and scars are strong indications for using revascularized bone-containing free flaps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients were reviewed, with a follow-up ranging from 5 to 11 years. Measurements were performed on frontal and lateral views to assess mandibular angle symmetry, midline deviation and facial angle. Measurements were also made on orthopantomograms to assess differences in growth between the normal and reconstructed sides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optimal functional and aesthetic results were obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that the reconstructed mandible undergoes growth, and that even if this process is unpredictable, it can be sufficient to allow appropriate development of the face.
authors.affiliation: Maxillo-Facial Surgery Division, Head and Neck Department, University and Hospital of Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Copelli
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Multinu
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Blasio
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sesenna
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D058752:Free Tissue Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000601:surgery*; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D055806:Microvessels / Q000601:surgery*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies