title: Increased expression of DNA methyltransferase-1 in non-neoplastic epithelium helps predict colorectal neoplasia risk in ulcerative colitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the possible significance of increased expression of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT)-1 in the tumorigenesis of colorectal neoplasia in ulcerative colitis (UC) and to clarify whether analysis of DNMT1 expression in non-neoplastic epithelium can contribute to the prediction of increased risk for UC-associated neoplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two patients with long-standing and extensive UC were included in this study: 31 with colorectal neoplasia (dysplasia in 11 and invasive cancer in 20) and 31 without. Immunohistochemical analysis and quantitative RT-PCR were performed to determine the expression of DNMT1 in rectal epithelium of UC patients without neoplasia, and in non-neoplastic rectal epithelium and colorectal neoplasia of UC patients with neoplasia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The immunoreactive DNMT1 expression gradually increased from rectal epithelium of UC patients without neoplasia (0.13 +/- 0.07) to non-neoplastic rectal epithelium of UC patients with neoplasia (0.32 +/- 0.12, p < 0.001), and to colorectal neoplasia (0.54 +/- 0.20, p < 0.001). Among 31 neoplasias, there was no difference in the immunoreactive DNMT1 expressions between dysplasia and invasive cancer (0.47 +/- 0.52 vs. 0.58 +/- 0.63). The expression level of DNMT1 mRNA tended to increase gradually from rectal epithelium of UC patients without neoplasia (0.53 +/- 0.34) to non-neoplastic rectal epithelium of UC patients with neoplasia (0.88 +/- 0.57, p = 0.06), and to colorectal neoplasia (1.38 +/- 0.64, p = 0.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased expression of DNMT1 in non-neoplastic epithelium may precede or be a relatively early event in UC-associated tumorigenesis, and may help predict the risk of colorectal neoplasia in UC.
authors.affiliation: Center for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, Kyoto-Katsura Hospital, Kyoto 615-8256, Japan. sfujii@katsura.com
authors.forename: Shigehiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katake
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012007:Rectum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; C000619380:DNMT1 protein, human