title: Rapid microsatellite isolation from a butterfly by de novo transcriptome sequencing: performance and a comparison with AFLP-derived distances.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The isolation of microsatellite markers remains laborious and expensive. For some taxa, such as Lepidoptera, development of microsatellite markers has been particularly difficult, as many markers appear to be located in repetitive DNA and have nearly identical flanking regions. We attempted to circumvent this problem by bioinformatic mining of microsatellite sequences from a de novo-sequenced transcriptome of a butterfly (Euphydryas editha).
  
  
  RESULTS
  By searching the assembled sequence data for perfect microsatellite repeats we found 10 polymorphic loci. Although, like many expressed sequence tag-derived microsatellites, our markers show strong deviations from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in many populations, and, in some cases, a high incidence of null alleles, we show that they nonetheless provide measures of population differentiation consistent with those obtained by amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis. Estimates of pairwise population differentiation between 23 populations were concordant between microsatellite-derived data and AFLP analysis of the same samples (r = 0.71, p<0.00001, 425 individuals from 23 populations).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  De novo transcriptional sequencing appears to be a rapid and cost-effective tool for developing microsatellite markers for difficult genomes.
authors.affiliation: Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna, Japan. alexander.mikheyev@oist.jp
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mikheyev
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wee
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parmesan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002080:Butterflies / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005819:Genetic Markers; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005819:Genetic Markers