title: The softer and more hydrophobic the better: influence of the side chain of polymethacrylate nanoparticles for cellular uptake.
abstract: Intracellular uptake of nanoparticles is highly interesting for labeling of cells, drug delivery, or non-viral gene delivery. In this study we have synthesized a wide variety of poly(alkyl methacrylate) nanoparticles with the same size and investigated their uptake into cells. The nanoparticles were prepared from alkylmethacrylates with different linear and branched ester chains as well as from benzylmethacrylate using the miniemulsion polymerizaiton technique. By adding a fluorescent dye as a marker, the internalization of the nanoparticles could be investigated quantitatively with flow cytometry and qualitatively with confocal laser scanning microscopy. With increasing side chain of the ester and therefore increasing hydrophobicity and at glass transition temperature (T(g)), below the incubation temperature of 37 degrees C the uptake of the nanoparticles into cells is favored.
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55123 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Christoph P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Autenrieth
authors.forename: Clemens K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Landfester
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mailänder
mesh_terms: D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C030613:polymethacrylic acid