title: Osseointegration of titanium implants with a roughened surface containing hydride ion in a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydride ion on bone formation and bone-bonding strength at the early stage of implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implants and plates were treated in 2 ways: test implant (implant surface with hydride ion) and control implant (implant surface without hydride ion). Crystal structure of plate surfaces was analyzed by low angle x-ray diffractometry (XRD). Sixty implants (30 test implants and 30 control implants) were inserted into tibias of 10 rabbits. At 2 and 8 weeks postimplantation, tibias were retrieved and prepared for removal torque tests (RTQ) and histomorphometric evaluation, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TiH(2) diffractions appeared on the XRD pattern of the test surface whereas TiH(2) did not appear on the control surface. The test implants showed 51.28% and 64.63% greater RTQ values than did the control implants at 2 and 8 weeks (P = .010, .011, respectively). Histomorphometric evaluation demonstrated the test implants significantly increased bone-implant contact and peri-implant bone formation at 2 and 8 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest the presence of hydride ion in the implant surface may improve bone integration with implant surfaces at the early stage of implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Implantology, Stomatology Hospital, School of Medical, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Zhipeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fuming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Caihong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Shifang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Guoli
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D003461:Crystallography; D045662:Dental Etching; D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003775:Dental Polishing; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D023421:Models, Animal; D017942:Nitric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013977:Tibia / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D019415:Torque; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D003764:Dental Materials; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D017942:Nitric Acid; D006859:Hydrogen; D014025:Titanium; C033158:sulfuric acid; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid