title: Novel corticosteroid-binding globulin variant that lacks steroid binding activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) is the principal carrier for glucocorticoids in the circulation and a regulator of their bioavailability. Inherited CBG deficiencies are rarely reported, and only three causative mutations in four families have been described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In a 26-yr-old female with hypotension, fatigue, and undetectable total serum cortisol at presentation, we have identified a novel homozygous c.776g>t transversion in exon 3 of the CBG (SERPINA6) gene. This results in a p.Gly237Val substitution that is predicted to influence the positioning of two β-sheets that constitute part of the CBG steroid-binding site. Two siblings were also homozygous for the variant, whereas her mother and an unaffected sibling were heterozygous. No other symptomatic family members were identified apart from the proband. Individuals homozygous for the variant had serum CBG levels below the reference range when measured by RIA, but CBG was unmeasurable in cortisol-binding capacity assays. In the same individuals, we observed very low baseline and stimulated total serum cortisol levels but normal free serum and salivary cortisol and plasma ACTH. In a study of ultradian cortisol pulsatility, increased pulse frequency was only observed in the proband.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We describe a novel CBG variant that lacks steroid binding activity. All mutant homozygotes have very low total serum cortisol, but normal free serum cortisol levels. The only biochemical feature to distinguish the symptomatic subject was increased cortisol pulsatility, and we suggest that this may influence glucocorticoid signaling and contribute to symptoms previously associated with CBG deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Perogamvros
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Henley
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hadfield
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lightman
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Trainer
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D054730:Protein Interaction Domains and Motifs / Q000235:genetics; D014156:Transcortin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D014156:Transcortin