title: Cryopreserved amniotic membrane for modulation of periodontal soft tissue healing: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this randomized study is to evaluate cryopreserved amniotic membrane (CAM) for helping cicatrization and wound healing after dental implant surgery. Epithelialization, pain, infection, inflammation, and scarring were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  CAM was placed in surgical wounds related to implant surgery. The extent of healing was evaluated by a masked investigator for lesion size, epithelialization, pain, infection, inflammation, and scarring. A clinical evaluation occurred at baseline, 72 and 144 hours, 2 weeks, and 1, 1.5, and 3 months. The results were compared to conventionally managed, similar lesions that were treated the same day in the same patient allowing each patient to serve as their own control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This prospective randomized study showed statistically significant differences between experimental and control groups regarding cicatrization, wound healing, and pain. The effects of the membrane were statistically significant during the first 3 weeks of the study, and thereafter, the effects of the membrane for the two groups were equivalent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAM was effective in helping cicatrization and wound healing. CAM supported the growth of the epithelium and, thus, facilitated migration and reinforced adhesion. It also decreased the pain of subjects. Regarding dental implants, the use of CAM is not cost effective. New studies evaluating other oral conditions are encouraged.
authors.affiliation: Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33328, USA. ivelez@nova.edu
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Velez
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000637:transplantation*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000517:prevention & control; D015925:Cryopreservation; D015921:Dental Implants; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D010519:Periodontium / Q000601:surgery*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants