title: Integrated Raman and angular scattering microscopy reveals chemical and morphological differences between activated and nonactivated CD8+ T lymphocytes.
abstract: Integrated Raman and angular-scattering microscopy (IRAM) is a multimodal platform capable of noninvasively probing both the chemistry and morphology of a single cell without prior labeling. Using this system, we are able to detect activation-dependent changes in the Raman and elastic-scattering signals from CD8+ T cells stimulated with either Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) or phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). In both cases, results obtained from the IRAM instrument correlate well with results obtained from traditional fluorescence-based flow cytometry for paired samples. SEB-mediated activation was distinguished from resting state in CD8+ T cells by an increase in the number and mean size of small ( approximately 500-nm) elastic scatterers as well as a decrease in Raman bands, indicating changes in nuclear content. PMA-mediated activation induced a different profile in CD8+ T cells from SEB, showing a similar increase in small elastic scatterers but a different Raman change, with elevation of cellular protein and lipid bands. These results suggest the potential of this multimodal, label-free optical technique for studying processes in single cells.
authors.affiliation: University of Rochester, The Institute of Optics, 275 Hutchison Road, Rochester, New York 14627, USA.
authors.forename: Zachary J
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Jyh-Chiang E
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sally A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Quataert
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D004548:Elasticity; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate