title: Risk factors affecting visual-motor coordination deficit among children residing near a petrochemical industrial estate.
abstract: Thailand has been changed to rapid urbanization and industrialization since 1980s. During 1992 through 1996, the number of industrial factories in Rayong province increased very sharply. The major types of industries are petrol-chemical and plastic production. However, after the petrochemical industry boomed, the higher demand led to an industrial area expansion. The establishment of factories in this area leads to serious environmental and health impacts. The study aims to investigate the factors that affect visual-motor coordination deficit among children, 6-13 years of age, residing near the Petrochemical Industrial Estate, Map Ta Phut, Rayong province. A population-based cross-sectional study was employed for collecting data on neurobehavioral effects using the Digit Symbol Test. The study found one-third of 2,956 children presented with visual-motor coordination deficits. Three factors were identified that caused children to have a higher risk of visual-motor coordination deficits: gender (adjusted OR 1.934), monthly parental income (range of adjusted OR 1.977 - 2.612), and household environmental tobacco smoke (adjusted OR 1.284), while age (adjusted OR 0.874) and living period (adjusted OR 0.954) in study areas were reversed effects on visual-motor coordination deficit among children. The finding indicated that children with visual-motor coordination deficit were affected by gender, monthly parental income, age of children, length of living period, and household environmental tobacco smoke.
authors.affiliation: College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. janchai_a@hotmail.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aungudornpukdee
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vichit-Vadakan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002617:Chemical Industry; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013785:Thailand; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution