title: Swearing: its prevalence in healthcare settings and impact on nursing practice.
abstract: Despite its prevalence there has been little academic research into swearing, and certainly none on its impact on nurses and nursing practice. Nurses are, of all health workers, most likely to be targets of verbal aggression, and up to 100% of nurses in mental health settings report verbal abuse. The literature contains no reference to the effects on nurses of exposure to swearing. This paper reports the findings of a questionnaire study of 107 nurses working in three clinical settings, which used a mixed methods approach. Participants reported high levels of swearing by patients, 32% citing its occurrence from one to five times per week and 7% 'continuously'; a similar incidence arose across the nursing teams at all sites, but being sworn at in anger by another staff member happened rarely. The study failed to show significant differences in the frequency of swearing between mental health and paediatric settings, but did find gender-based differences in both frequency of use and offendedness. High degrees of distress among nurses subjected to swearing were evident; moreover, respondents appeared to have only a limited range of interventions to draw upon in dealing with exposure to such treatment.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing and Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. teresa.stone@newcastle.edu.au
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hazelton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D001315:Australia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000451:nursing*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013609:Taboo; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult