title: Gingival overgrowth in subjects under immunosuppressive regimens based on cyclosporine, tacrolimus, or sirolimus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence and variables associated with gingival overgrowth (GO) in renal transplant recipients medicated with cyclosporine (CsA), tacrolimus (Tcr), or sirolimus (Sir).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-five eligible subjects were divided in CsA, Tcr, and Sir groups comprising 45 subjects each. GO was visually assessed and subjects were assigned as GO+ or GO- in a post hoc definition. Saliva samples were collected and the presence of periodontal pathogens was assessed through polymerase chain reaction. Variables of interest were compared between GO+ and GO- subjects through univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of GO was of 60.0% for CsA, 28.9% for Tcr, and 15.6% for Sir groups. Within the CsA group, GO was associated with papillary bleeding index (p=0.001); within the Tcr group, GO was associated with CsA previous use (p=0.013), and calcium channel blockers (CCB) use (p=0.003); within the Sir group, GO was associated with papillary bleeding index (p=0.018), and CCB use (p=0.020). A higher frequency of Tannerella forsythia was observed among GO+ subjects medicated with Tcr.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacological and periodontal variables were associated with GO in different immunosuppressive regimens. Integration between the medical and the dental team may be an important approach in the post-transplant maintenance routine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luís Otávio Miranda
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Cota
authors.forename: Davi Romeiro
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Aquino
authors.forename: Gilson César Nobre
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: José Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cortelli
authors.forename: Sheila Cavalca
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cortelli
authors.forename: Fernando Oliveira
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000009:adverse effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D020123:Sirolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus