title: Fosfomycin suppresses RS-virus-induced Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae adhesion to respiratory epithelial cells via the platelet-activating factor receptor.
abstract: Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) sometimes causes acute and severe lower respiratory tract illness in infants and young children. The platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptor, which is a receptor for Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, is upregulated by RSV infection in the pulmonary epithelial cell line A549. Fosfomycin, an antimicrobial agent, significantly suppressed PAF receptor induction by RSV infection at the mRNA and cell surface expression levels. Fosfomycin also suppressed RSV-induced adhesion of fluorescence-labeled S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae cells, as determined by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. The RSV-induced bacterial adhesion was suggested to be host-PAF-receptor and bacterial-phosphocholine mediated. Fosfomycin, which has been shown to exhibit antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, was found here to suppress adhesion by disease-causing bacteria. Thus, fosfomycin might prevent secondary bacterial infection during RSV infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okabayashi
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoto
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D005578:Fosfomycin