title: Dietary glycosaminoglycans interfere in bacterial adhesion and gliadin-induced pro-inflammatory response in intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells.
abstract: Dietary components may have an important role in maintaining a balanced gut microbiota composition. Celiac disease is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by gliadins, and has been associated with a reduced proportion of Bifidobacterium in gut microbiota. This study evaluates the influence of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) on bacterial adhesion and their contribution in the gliadins-induced inflammatory response. The adhesion of potential probiotic (Bifidobacterium longum CECT 7347 and Bifidobacterium bifidum CECT 7365), commensal (Escherichia coli and Bacteroides fragilis) and pathogenic (Salmonella enterica CECT 443 and Listeria monocytogenes CECT 935) bacteria to mucin and Caco-2 cell cultures was determined. Gliadins were subjected to in vitro digestion (pepsin/pancreatin-bile), with/out GAGs, and the presence or not of cell suspensions of B. longum (10(8) CFU/ml). B. longum, E. coli, and L. monocytogenes, markedly interact with the high-sulphur-containing fraction of GAGs. The GAGs reduced the gliadins-mediated production of interleukin-1β, but not tumour necrosis factor-α. The results suggest that GAGs may ameliorate gliadin-induced inflammatory response, though they also slightly interfere with the action of B. longum.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), PO Box 73, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain. mlaparra@iata.csic.es
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Laparra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Rubio
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lagaron
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sanz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D056148:Chromatography, Reverse-Phase; D004032:Diet; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D005399:Fishes; D005903:Gliadin; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins
chemical_list: D005903:Gliadin; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D037121:Plant Lectins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C028824:soybean lectin; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins