title: Heterosis.
abstract: Heterosis refers to the phenomenon that progeny of diverse varieties of a species or crosses between species exhibit greater biomass, speed of development, and fertility than both parents. Various models have been posited to explain heterosis, including dominance, overdominance, and pseudo-overdominance. In this Perspective, we consider that it might be useful to the field to abandon these terms that by their nature constrain data interpretation and instead attempt a progression to a quantitative genetic framework involving interactions in hierarchical networks. While we do not provide a comprehensive model to explain the phenomenology of heterosis, we provide the details of what needs to be explained and a direction of pursuit that we feel should be fruitful.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA. birchlerj@missouri.edu
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Birchler
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Sivanandan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chudalayandi
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vaiman
authors.forename: Reiner A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Veitia
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D015870:Gene Expression; D006823:Hybrid Vigor; D008954:Models, Biological