title: Proteomic analyses lead to a better understanding of celiac disease: focus on epitope recognition and autoantibodies.
abstract: Proteomic technologies are being used with increasing frequency in the scientific community. In this review, we have highlighted their use in celiac disease (CD). The available techniques, which include two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry, and antibody and tissue arrays, have been used to identify proteins or changes in protein expression specific to gut tissue from patients with CD. A number of studies have employed proteomic methodologies to determine the diagnostic biomarkers in body fluids or to examine changes in protein expression and posttranslational modifications during signaling. A fast technological development of these methods, along with the combination of classic techniques with proteomics, will lead to new discoveries, which will consent a better understanding of the pathogenesis of CD.
authors.affiliation: Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Molecular Oncology and Translational Medicine, Domert, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCCS National Cancer Institute, via F. Gallini 2, Aviano, PN, Italy. vdere@cro.it
authors.forename: Valli
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Re
authors.forename: Maria Paola
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Simula
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Canzonieri
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cannizzaro
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000502:physiology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D018604:Epitope Mapping; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins