title: Lamotrigine and hemodialysis in bipolar disorder: case analysis of dosing strategy with literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Medical conditions and associated procedures/treatments may impact therapeutic blood levels of pharmacologic agents in the illnesses we treat. The use of anti-epileptic drugs in the treatment of psychiatric disorders, most commonly bipolar disorders, and epilepsy is a case in point. This report addresses the impact of hemodialysis on lamotrigine efficacy in bipolar disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case analysis with literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A bipolar disorder patient stabilized on lamotrigine 200 mg total daily dose was admitted to the hospital with end-stage renal disease. With three consecutive days of hemodialysis, treatment-emergent hypomanic features were noted by the patient and confirmed in psychiatric consultation. When lamotrigine was increased to 250 mg total daily dose, the bipolar features remitted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lamotrigine titration may be required in bipolar disorder patients undergoing hemodialysis secondary to the associated hemodialysis extraction factor. Therapeutic drug monitoring is recommended in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Psychiatry, Neurology, and Anesthesiology, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA. kaufmakr@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kaufman
mesh_terms: D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D014227:Triazines; D000077213:Lamotrigine