Doing 'organizational work': expanding the conception of professional practice in ergonomics.
Literature on ergonomic practice contains many discussions of how ergonomists should work but far less attention has been paid to how they do work and the factors that influence their practice. In an effort to improve our understanding of ergonomic practice as it occurs and how it is conditioned by broader contexts, we conducted an interview study with 21 ergonomists in Canada. We were particularly interested to understand the different kinds of activities study participants engaged in during the course of their work, the challenges they faced and the strategies they employed for facing these challenges. Findings indicate that in the course of their professional practice ergonomists engage in a variety of types of activities. This includes consulting on risk factors as well as a proactive role of fostering the application of ergonomics in organizations. The process of advocating for ergonomics brought study participants into a variety of interactions and collaborations with workplace parties in a type of activity we have called "organizational work". In the course of doing organizational work, ergonomists utilize different strategies, including "political manoeuvring", tailoring data collection and report presentations to clients' concerns and 'goal hooking' in order to make the case for implementing ergonomics in workplaces. The article concludes with a list of "tips" for practicing ergonomists that are suggested by the analysis.
Theberge
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Departments of Kinesiology and Sociology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1. theberge@uwaterloo.ca
Neumann
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WP
D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada; D003210:Concept Formation; D006804:Ergonomics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D011364:Professional Practice