title: Telomeres are shorter in placental trophoblasts of pregnancies complicated with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Telomeres are nucleoprotein structures located at the termini of chromosomes, and protect them from fusion and degradation. Telomeres are progressively shortened with each mitotic cycle and by environmental factors. We hypothesized that antepartum stress can lead to accelerated telomere shortening in placental trophoblasts, and plays a role in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Placental biopsies were derived from 16 pregnancies complicated with IUGR and from 13 uncomplicated pregnancies. Fluorescence-in-situ protocol was used to determine telomere length. Immunohistochemistry for hTERT was performed to assess telomerase activity. Clinical and histopathological characteristics were collected to ensure that IUGR was secondary to placental insufficiency. Fluorescence-in-situ-hybridization was used to rule out aneuploidy as a reason for shortened telomeres.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number and intensity of telomeres staining and telomerase activity were significantly lower in the IUGR placentas. No aneuploidy was detected for the chromosomes checked in the placental biopsies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Telomeres are shorter in trophoblasts of IUGR placentas.
authors.affiliation: Department of OBGYN, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel.
authors.forename: Tal
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Biron-Shental
authors.forename: Rivka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sukenik Halevy
authors.forename: Lilach
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goldberg-Bittman
authors.forename: Dvora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kidron
authors.forename: Moshe D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fejgin
authors.forename: Aliza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amiel
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D010927:Placental Insufficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D016615:Telomere / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000648:ultrastructure*