title: Modulating effect of Leptadenia reticulata (Retz) Wight & arn against chromate (VI)-induced immunosuppression and oxidative stress on mouse splenic lymphocytes and bone marrow derived macrophages.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leptadenia reticulata (Retz) Wight & arn is mentioned in the ancient ayurvedic literature as an immune booster and rejuvenator.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate, the effects of different forms of the extract of Leptadenia reticulata [Aqueous extract (JAE), Padavashesha kashaya (JPK) and Tarpana kashaya (JTK)] to alleviate the experimental immunosuppression induced by the immunotoxicant chromate (VI) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard cell proliferation and cytotoxicity assays like MTT assay, trypan blue dye exclusion test, neutral red dye uptake test, NBT reduction test, determination of percentage cell survival and estimation of markers of oxidative stress were performed in the study. The study was conducted on primary cultures of mouse splenic lymphocytes and bone marrow derived macrophages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with all the three forms of the extract used in the study offered protection against chromate (VI)-induced immunosuppression and the overall protective effect was found to be superior in the case of the aqueous extract of Leptadenia reticulata (JAE). These results confirm that Leptadenia reticulata acts as a modulator and alleviates the immunosuppressive conditions induced by chromate (VI).
authors.affiliation: Department of PG Studies in Dravyaguna, Government Ayurveda Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Girishkumar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sreepriya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Praveenkumar
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bali
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jagadeesh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029062:Apocynaceae; D001853:Bone Marrow; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002840:Chromates; D007109:Immunity / Q000187:drug effects; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D035261:Plant Components, Aerial; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002840:Chromates; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts