title: Drug-mediated and cellular immunotherapy in multiple myeloma.
abstract: Multiple myeloma is an immunologically relevant disease, which subverts and suppresses immunity, but that may also be amenable to immunological control. Novel drug and cell-based therapies provide an opportunity for the design of antimyeloma immunotherapy. Reversing the immunosuppression associated myeloma remains a substantial challenge. The minimal residual disease setting achieved by autologous stem cell transplant or highly efficacious induction therapy may reverse this immunoparesis and provide a setting for induction of antimyeloma T-cell responses. Adoptive cytotoxic T-lymphocyte/NK therapy and comprehensive treatment with immunomodulatory drug therapy represent means by which antimyeloma immune responses may be promoted. In addition, apoptosis-inducing therapies may prime endogenous antigen presentation via immunogenic cell death, which again may be enhanced by the addition of immunomodulatory drug therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology & Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, VIC, Australia. david.ritchie@petermac.org
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Quach
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fielding
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Neeson
mesh_terms: D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069286:Bortezomib; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005544:Forecasting; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D000077269:Lenalidomide; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology; D013792:Thalidomide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019139:Tumor Escape
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001897:Boronic Acids; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D011719:Pyrazines; D013792:Thalidomide; D000069286:Bortezomib; D000077269:Lenalidomide