title: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) for rectal tumor: the first French single-center experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) allows complete local excision of rectal tumor, especially in the middle and upper part of the rectum, and provides an alternative to conventional surgery. This is a report of the first French single-center experience to assess the feasibility and postoperative results for rectal tumor excised by TEM.
  
  
  METHODS
  From October 2007 to December 2008, 27 patients underwent TEM for excision of either rectal adenoma (n=19) or carcinoma (n=8). The median distance from the anal verge was 60mm (range: 10-140).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TEM excision was performed in 26/27 patients. Intraoperative technical difficulties were recorded in two patients (peritoneal perforation and gas leakage, respectively). The morbidity rate was 22% (n=6), including two patients (7%) with major complications (delayed rectal bleeding) requiring readmission to hospital for both, and surgical hemostasis for one. R0 resection rates for adenoma and carcinoma were 84% and 75%, respectively. Immediate salvage surgery was performed in one patient because of a T2R1 carcinoma. At the time of the median follow-up at nine months (range: 2.5-17.5), no patient had experienced a recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TEM is a safe and effective procedure with low morbidity for local rectal tumor resection. It allows local excision of benign tumors, especially those that are inaccessible to conventional local surgery resection, thereby avoiding radical surgery. In cases of carcinoma, its role in local surgery remains controversial and is yet to be defined.
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie colorectale, pôle des maladies de l'appareil digestif (PMAD), hôpital Beaujon (AP-HP), 100 boulevard du Général-Leclerc, Clichy, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seman
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bretagnol
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guedj
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maggiori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferron
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Panis
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*; D055815:Young Adult