title: [Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in women].
abstract: The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is increasing worldwide, mainly due to the increase in women. In developed countries, COPD in women is mainly a result of exposure to tobacco smoke and in developing countries to inhalation of biomass combustion products. Underdiagnosis of COPD is more common in women since this disease has classically been associated with men. Moreover, COPD in women shows certain differential features, such as a greater expression of aspects related to perception (dyspnea and health-related quality of life), a high prevalence of malnutrition, anxiety and depression, and a distinct distribution of emphysema from that in men. Better phenotypical characterization of COPD in women would allow its impact on the health system to be more accurately evaluated and more individualized therapeutic strategies to be designed.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, España. Jupa65@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: de Torres Tajes
authors.forename: Ciro Casanova
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Macario
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors