title: Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient with severe uremic encephalopathy.
abstract: A 59-year-old male presented at our hospital with disturbance of consciousness. He had severe neurological disturbances associated with uremia caused by severe renal insufficiency. Cranial computed tomography (CT) was normal on admission. FLAIR-weighted MRI showed increased signal intensities bilaterally in the cortical and subcortical areas of the occipital lobe. Repeated hemodialysis resulted in improvement of the clinical symptoms and blood chemistry, and normalization of the MRI findings. Although the patient was discharged without neurological deficit, he had to be maintained on regular intermittent hemodialysis due to persistent renal failure. These reversible neuroradiological abnormalities may have been caused by reversible brain edema, but other pathoetiological factors should be also considered, such as abnormalities of cerebral metabolism and effects of uremic toxins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tatsumoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujisaki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagae
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ono-Fujisaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kura-Nakamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masutani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuruya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iida
mesh_terms: D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014511:Uremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy