title: The first teleautomatic low-voltage prosthesis with multiple therapeutic applications: a new version of the German artificial sphincter system.
abstract: To date, there are no artificial sphincter prostheses for urinary or fecal incontinence that may be implemented elsewhere instead, for example, in the upper gastrointestinal tract. Conventional systems are conceptually similar but are constructed specifically for distinct applications and are manual in operation. The German Artificial Sphincter System (GASS) II is the evolution of a highly integrative, modular, telemetric sphincter prosthesis with more than one application. Redesigning and integrating multilayer actuators into the pump allows us to reduce the input voltage to -10 to +20 V (V(PP) = 30 V). This provides for a flow rate of 2.23 mL/min and a counterpressure stability of 260 mbar. Furthermore, multiple applications have become feasible due to our standardized connection system, therapy-specific compression units, and application-specific software. These innovations allow us to integrate not only severe fecal and urinary incontinence, erectile dysfunction, and therapy-resistant reflux disease, but also morbid adiposity into the gamut of therapeutic GASS applications.
authors.affiliation: Department General and Visceral Surgery, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, University Clinic, Freiburg, Germany. olaf.ruthmann@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ruthmann
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Seifert
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Karcz
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Goldschmidboing
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lemke
authors.forename: Gionvanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Biancuzzi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Woias
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwarzbqch
authors.forename: Bernahard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vodermayer
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hopt
authors.forename: Hans-Jurgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schrag
mesh_terms: D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D049630:Esophageal Sphincter, Lower; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D013686:Telemetry