title: [Drug-resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Castilla y León, Spain, 2001-2005: third collaborative study].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During 2001-2005, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey was conducted in Castilla y León, Spain, in newly treated HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 918 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied (one strain per patient) from six hospitals corresponding to 46.7% of the total population of Castilla y León, using the proportion method on solid medium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary drug resistance was 4.2% (streptomycin 1.2%, isoniazid 3.2%, rifampin 0.3%, ethambutol 0.1% and pyrazinamide 0.5%). Mono-resistance was observed in 24 (2.6%) and resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin (multi-drug resistance) was detected in one case (0.1%). These results were not statistically significant compared to previous studies in the same Community.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of primary drug resistance in the surveyed area was low, including isoniazid, allowing new anti-tuberculosis treatment with the standardised three-drug regimen to be started. Regular surveillance of drug resistance is recommended by the TB control programme in representative patient populations to optimize treatment regimens.
authors.affiliation: Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Valladolid, España. aalberteca@saludcastillayleon.es
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alberte-Castiñeiras
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campos-Bueno
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: López-Urrutia
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Alonso
authors.forename: Gregoria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Megías
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ojeda-Fernández
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López-Medrano
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iglesias-García
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García-Carbajosa
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Pascual
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D018023:HIV Seronegativity; D006801:Humans; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents