title: Impact of escitalopram on nocturnal sleep, day-time sleepiness and performance compared to amitriptyline: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study in healthy male subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antidepressant drugs vary in their effects on sleep, day-time sedation and performance. Up to now, no data are available for either escitalopram (ESCIT) or amitriptyline (AMI), measuring these by an objective test, such as the MULTIPLE SLEEP LATENCY TEST (MSLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We therefore investigated the impact of a single evening dose of 10 mg ESCIT on polysomnographically recorded nocturnal sleep, day-time sleepiness and performance in comparison to 75 mg AMI and placebo (PLAC) in healthy male subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both antidepressants significantly suppressed REM sleep (p<0.001). Although polysomnographically measured sleep continuity was impaired after ESCIT (p=0.006), subjective estimates of sleep parameters did not differ. Periodic limb movements (PLMS) were increased after AMI (p<0.001) but not after ESCIT. Processing speed and performance were enhanced after ESCIT compared with AMI (p=0.011), but not with PLAC. Next-day alertness was significantly impaired by AMI (p=0.012), but not by ESCIT. Mean day-time sleep onset latencies increased significantly after evening ESCIT (p<0.001). In contrast, AMI led to a pronounced increase of day-time sleepiness (p=0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that single evening doses of either AMI or ESCIT exhibit different effects on next-day vigilance and alertness in terms of a slightly stimulating effect of ESCIT and a significant reduction after AMI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany. john-peter.doerr@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Doerr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spiegelhalder
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petzold
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feige
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hirscher
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riemann
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Voderholzer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects*; D015283:Citalopram / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000187:drug effects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000639:Amitriptyline; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D015283:Citalopram; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors