title: The prognostic value of combined fractional flow reserve and TIMI frame count measurements in patients with stable angina pectoris and acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of different fractional flow reserve (FFR) cutoff values and corrected thrombolysis in myocardial infarction frame (TIMI) count (CTFC) measurements in a series of consecutive patients with moderate coronary lesions, including patients with unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and/or positive noninvasive functional test findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 162 consecutive coronary patients in whom revascularization of a moderate coronary lesion was deferred based on a FFR value ≥0.75. Patients were divided according to the results of the intracoronary pressure and flow measurements into four groups: group A: 0.75 ≤ FFR ≤ 0.85 and CTFC > 28 (n=22), group B: 0.75 ≤ FFR ≤ 0.85 and CTFC ≤ 28 (n = 55), group C: 0.85 < FFR and CTFC > 28 (n = 19), and group D: 0.85 < FFR and CTFC ≤ 28 (n = 66). Adverse cardiac events and the presence of angina were evaluated at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At a mean follow-up of 18 ± 10 months, cardiac event rate in patients with 0.75 ≤ FFR ≤ 0.85 and FFR > 0.85 were 22% and 9%, respectively (P = 0.026) and also, a trend was observed toward a higher cardiac event rate in case of an abnormal CTFC (CTFC > 28) compared to a normal CTFC (24% vs 12%, P = 0.066). Furthermore, a significantly higher cardiac event rate was observed when group A was compared to group D (31.8% vs 7.6%, respectively, P = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with potential microvascular dysfunction and borderline FFR values should be interpreted with caution, and management strategies should be guided not only by pressure measurement, but also by possibly supplementary clinical risk stratification and noninvasive tests.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Heart-Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ali M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Esen
authors.forename: Goksel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Esen
authors.forename: Yunus
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Emiroglu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akcakoyun
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.forename: Hekim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karapinar
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kargin
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barutcu
authors.forename: Muhsin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turkmen
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D053805:Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial / Q000502:physiology*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D055806:Microvessels; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires