title: Push-out strength of methacrylate resin-based sealers to root canal walls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the push-out strength of Epiphany SE, Epiphany and Hybrid Root SEAL to the dentine walls of root canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty roots of canines were prepared and distributed to six groups (n = 10) according to the filling material: GI - Epiphany SE, GII - Epiphany primer and sealer, GIII - Epiphany primer, sealer and resinous solvent, GIV - Clearfil DC Bond and Epiphany sealer, GV - Clearfil, Epiphany sealer and solvent and GVI - Hybrid Root SEAL. Resilon cones were used in all groups. Roots were sectioned transversally to obtain three slices from each third. One slice was subjected to the push-out test (MPa), and results were analysed by anova and Tukey's test (P < 0.05). The other two slices were prepared for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Failure mode was also analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant difference (P <0.05) occurred between Hybrid Root SEAL (5.27 +/- 2.07) and the other materials, GI (0.40 +/- 0.23), GII (0.78 +/- 0.45), GIII (0.57 +/- 0.28), GIV (0.40 +/- 0.24) and GV (0.50 +/- 0.41), which did not differ significantly from each other (P > 0.05). Adhesive failures predominated in groups I, II, IV and V, whilst mixed and cohesive failures were the most frequent in groups III and VI, respectively. There were gaps in the adhesive interface of GI and GII, continuity areas of the filling material with dentine in GIV and GV and good adaptation of the interface of GVI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hybrid Root SEAL had greater push-out strength to root canal dentine than Epiphany SE and Epiphany. The use of primer, solvent and adhesive system did not influence the adhesion of Epiphany.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rached-Júnior
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Souza-Gabriel
authors.forename: Y T C
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Silva-Sousa
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sousa-Neto
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003481:Cuspid; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D019279:Resin Cements; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012389:Root Canal Obturation; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D019279:Resin Cements; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials