title: Schistosomiasis japonica control and research needs.
abstract: Schistosomiasis japonica, a chronic and debilitating disease caused by the blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum, is still of considerable economic and public health concern in the People's Republic of China, the Philippines, and Indonesia. Despite major progress made over the past several decades with the control of schistosomiasis japonica in the aforementioned countries, the disease is emerging in some areas. We review the epidemiological status and transmission patterns of schistosomiasis japonica, placing it into a historical context, and discuss experiences and lessons with national control efforts. Our analyses reveal that an integrated control approach, implemented through intersectoral collaboration, is essential to bring down the prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma japonicum infections and disease-related morbidity, and to sustain these parameters at low levels. The need for innovation and a sufficiently flexible control approach to adapt interventions in response to the changing nature and challenges of schistosomiasis control from the initial phase of morbidity control to the final state of elimination is emphasised. The aim of the presentation and the analyses is to inspire researchers and disease control managers elsewhere in Asia, Africa, and the Americas to harness the experiences gained and the lessons presented here to improve the control and eventual elimination of schistosomiasis and parasitic diseases.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Nong
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bergquist
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leonardo
authors.forename: Guo-Jing
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sudomo
authors.forename: Remigio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olveda
mesh_terms: D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000639:trends*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D010679:Philippines / Q000453:epidemiology; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission