Incidence, mortality and five-year relative survival ratio of prostate cancer among Chinese residents in Singapore from 1968 to 2002 by metastatic staging.
BACKGROUND
This paper examines the incidence, mortality and survival patterns among all Chinese residents with prostate cancer reported to the Singapore Cancer Registry in Singapore from 1968 to 2002 by metastatic staging.


METHODS
This is a retrospective population-based study including all prostate cancer cases aged over 20 reported to the Singapore Cancer Registry (SCR) from 1968 to 2002 who are Singapore Chinese residents. Follow-up was ascertained by matching with the National Death Register until 2002. Metastatic status was obtained from the SCR. Age-standardised incidence and mortality rates, as well as the 5-year relative survival ratios (RSRs), were obtained for each 5-year period and grouped by metastatic stage. A weighted linear regression was performed on the log-transformed age-standardised incidence and mortality rates over the study period.


RESULTS
In the most recent period of 1998 to 2002, the age-standardised incidence and mortality rates (per 100,000) for prostate cancer among the Chinese were 30.9 (95% CI, 29.1 to 32.8) and 9.6 (95% CI, 8.6 to 10.7), respectively. The percentage increase in the age-standardised incidence and age-standardised mortality rates per year were 5.6% and 6.0%, respectively, for all Chinese Singapore residents. There was an improvement in the 5-year RSRs for Chinese diagnosed with non-metastatic cases from 51.3% in 1973 to 1977, to 76.1% in 1998 to 2002. However, the RSR remains poor (range, 11.1% to 49.7%) for Chinese diagnosed with metastatic prostate cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
Both age-standardised incidence and mortality rates for prostate cancer among Chinese Singapore residents are still on the rise especially since the 1990s. Since the 1990s, the improvement in RSRs was substantial for the Chinese non-metastatic cases.
Chia
Sin Eng
SE
Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore. ephcse@nus.edu.sg
Tan
Chuen Seng
CS
Lim
Gek Hsiang
GH
Sim
Xueling
X
Lau
Weber
W
Chia
Kee Seng
KS
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality*; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D055815:Young Adult