Recent advances in non-invasive axillary staging for breast cancer.
Nodal staging in breast cancer is a key predictor of prognosis and directs subsequent adjuvant therapy. This article addresses current modalities of nodal staging in breast cancer but focuses on promising non-invasive alternatives for staging the axilla.
Iwuchukwu
O C
OC
Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, Sunderland University Hospital, Kayll Road, Sunderland, Tyne & Wear, UK SR4 7TP, UK. Obiukwu.Iwuchukwu@chs.northy.uk
Wahed
S
S
Wozniak
A
A
Dordea
M
M
Rich
A
A
D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging