title: Sumoylation and regulation of cardiac gene expression.
abstract: Sumoylation is a posttranslational modification process in which SUMO proteins are covalently and reversibly conjugated to their targets via enzymatic cascade reactions. Since the discovery of SUMO-1 in 1996, the SUMO pathway has garnered increased attention due to its role in a number of important biological activities such as cell cycle progression, epigenetic modulation, signal transduction, and DNA replication/repair, as well as its potential implication in human pathogenesis such as in cancer development and metastasis, neurodegenerative disorders and craniofacial defects. The role of the SUMO pathway in regulating cardiogenic gene activity, development and/or disorders is just emerging. Our review is based on recent advances that highlight the regulation of cardiac gene activity in cardiac development and disease by the SUMO conjugation pathway.
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell Engineering, Department of Basic Research Laboratories, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, Tex., USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017510:Protein Folding; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins