title: Isolation of immunomodulatory triterpene acids from a standardized rose hip powder (Rosa canina L.).
abstract: A previously published systematic review and a metaanalysis have concluded that the consumption of standardized rose hip powder (Rosa canina L.) can reduce pain in osteoarthritis patients. Synovial inflammation has been suggested to play an important role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis and mainly to involve infiltration of the synovial membrane by macrophages. Therefore, the immunomodulatory effect of standardized rose hip powder of Rosa canina L. was investigated and active principles isolated using the Mono Mac 6 cell line as a model for human macrophages. Treatment of Mono Mac 6 cells with the residue of a crude dichloromethane extract of rose hip powder significantly and concentration dependently inhibited the lipopolysaccharide induced interleukin-6 release. Through bioassay-guided fractionation the immunomodulatory effect of the dichloromethane extract was correlated to a mixture of three triterpene acids; oleanolic acid, betulinic acid and ursolic acid (IC(50) 21 ± 6 µm). Further studies revealed that only oleanolic acid and ursolic acid, but not betulinic acid, could inhibit the lipopolysaccharide induced interleukin-6 release from Mono Mac 6 cells when tested separately. Combination of either oleanolic acid or ursolic acid with betulinic acid enhanced the immunomodulatory effect of the two triterpene acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. las@farma.ku.dk
authors.forename: Lasse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saaby
authors.forename: Anna Katharina
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Jäger
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moesby
authors.forename: Erik Wind
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Søren Brøgger
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Christensen
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027826:Rosa / Q000737:chemistry*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000094062:Betulinic Acid; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D015850:Interleukin-6; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D053978:Pentacyclic Triterpenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D000094062:Betulinic Acid; D000097245:Ursolic Acid; C508600:IL6 protein, human