title: A reliable, non-invasive measurement tool for anisotropy in normal skin and scar tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anisotropy of the skin varies depending on different locations and pathological conditions. Currently, no reliable non-invasive measurement tool is available for tissue anisotropy. The Reviscometer is an anisotropy measurement tool that measures the resonance running time (RRT) of a shock wave. This study was initiated to establish the reliability of the Reviscometer on normal skin and scars, and to provide basic information on tissue alignment in normal skin and scars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty volunteers and 50 patients underwent measurements on normal skin and scars, respectively. All measurements were performed by the same two observers. Measurements on normal skin were performed on the forearm, upper arm, and abdomen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the intraclass correlation coefficient of the inter-observer reliability was > or =0.79 on normal skin and > or =0.86 on scars. In normal skin, the highest mean RRT was found on the abdomen (156.4+/-48.8), followed by the upper arm (123.2+/-33.6) and the forearm (112.5+/-24.3). A significantly lower mean RRT was found in scars (52.3+/-21.9) compared with normal skin (91.6+/-37.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reviscometer measurements were reliable for normal skin and scars. In addition, clear differences between scars and normal skin but also within different locations on normal skin were identified. The Reviscometer can be considered for the evaluation of the efficacy of different treatments.
authors.affiliation: Association of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pauline D H M
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Verhaegen
authors.forename: Evelien M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Res
authors.forename: Arna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Engelen
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Middelkoop
authors.forename: Paul P M
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: van Zuijlen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016880:Anisotropy; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000473:pathology*; D003880:Dermatology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*