title: Validation of a fully automatic photoplethysmographic device for toe blood pressure measurement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to assess the accuracy and reliability of a new, portable, fully automated photoplethysmography (PPG) device for toe blood pressure (TBP) measurement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Within-subject comparison with conventional laser Doppler (LD) measurement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four TBP measurements were performed on both lower limbs, alternatively with LD and PPG in 200 patients recruited at the Nîmes University Hospital. Reproducibility was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The concordance between the two methods was evaluated by Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), in the whole population as well as in comorbidity subgroups. A potential bias was investigated with the Bland and Altman method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ICC was 0.887 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.852-0.913) and 0.893 (0.860-0.918) on the right side (n = 193), 0.905 (0.875-0.928) and 0.898 (0.866-0.922) on the left side (n = 188) for PPG and LD measurements, respectively. The CCC was 0.913 (0.885-0.934) on the right side and 0.915 (0.888-0.937) on the left side, and remained >0.8 regardless of co-morbidities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new, fully automatic, photoplethysmographic device yielded reliable TBP measurements and showed good agreement with the reference LD system over a wide range of values.
authors.affiliation: EA2992 Dynamics of Cardiovascular Incoherencies Laboratory, Montpellier I University, Nimes, France. antonia.perez.martin@chu-nimes.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Demattei
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Böge
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Laroche
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Quéré
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dauzat
mesh_terms: D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017156:Photoplethysmography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014034:Toes / Q000098:blood supply*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler