title: Quantifying sensory eye dominance in the normal visual system: a new technique and insights into variation across traditional tests.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although eye dominance assessment is used to assist clinical decision-making, current understanding is limited by inconsistencies across the range of available tests. A new psychophysical test of sensory eye dominance has been developed that objectively measures the relative contribution of each eye to a fused suprathreshold binocular percept.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six standard tests and the newly developed test were used to measure motor and sensory dominance in a group of 44 binocularly normal individuals (mean age, 29.5 ± 9.10 years). The new test required observers to perform a motion coherence task under dichoptic viewing conditions, wherein a population of moving, luminance-defined signal (coherently moving) and noise (randomly moving) dots were presented separately to each eye. The observers judged the motion direction of the signal dots. Motion coherence thresholds were measured by varying the ratio of signal-to-noise dots, in a staircase procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The new dichoptic motion coherence threshold test revealed a clear bimodal distribution of sensory eye dominance strength, wherein the majority of the participants (61%) showed weak dominance, but a significant minority (39%) showed strong dominance. Subsequent analysis revealed that the strong-dominance group showed greater consistency across the range of traditional eye dominance tests used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new quantitative dichoptic motion coherence threshold technique suggests that there are two separate sensory eye dominance strength distributions among observers with normal binocular vision: weak and strong eye dominance. This finding may provide a basis for clinical decision-making by indicating whether eye dominance is likely to be an important consideration in a particular patient.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Jingrong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Carly S Y
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Minbin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Lily Y L
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: George C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D023882:Dominance, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult