title: Outcome and long-term follow-up of 20 horses undergoing surgery for caecal impaction: a retrospective study (2000-2008).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  If untreated, caecal impaction may progress to rupture of the caecum and reports of long-term outcome for horses undergoing surgery for caecal impaction are required.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe short- and long-term complication rates for horses undergoing surgery for caecal impaction in an otherwise life-threatening gastrointestinal condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case records were reviewed for horses undergoing surgery for caecal impaction. Horses were included in the study if an abnormally large, fluid-distended or feed-impacted caecum was the primary diagnosis at surgery and excluded if the caecum had already ruptured upon opening the abdomen, necessitating euthanasia. Short-term follow-up data were obtained from clinical records; and included complications, repeat celiotomy and survival to discharge. Long-term survival was defined as survival for >1 year post operatively. Long-term follow-up data were obtained through telephone interviews with owners and referring veterinary surgeons. Survival, occurrence of post operative colic and subsequent use of the horse were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty horses underwent surgery for caecal impaction: 16 horses underwent caecal bypass (typhlotomy and removal of caecal contents, ileal transection followed by ileocolostomy); 3 underwent typhlotomy alone; and one horse underwent typhlotomy followed by a second procedure where caecal bypass was performed. Five horses (25%) were admitted for colic evaluation with primary caecal impactions, in 10/20 (50%) of cases the impaction was secondary to previous orthopaedic surgery and in 5/20 (25%) caecal impaction was identified at repeat celiotomy following a previous colic surgery. Sixty-five percent (13/20) of horses survived to discharge; 11/13 (85%) of horses discharged survived long term; 100% (3/3) horses that received typhlotomy alone were discharged and survived long term.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognosis following caecal impaction surgery is fair, if the horse survives to discharge then prognosis for long-term survival is good.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgery for caecal impaction carries a fair prognosis for a potentially life threatening disease, in particular where caecal dysfunction is suspected.
authors.affiliation: Rossdales Equine Hospital, Cotton End Road, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK. lewis.smith@rossdales.com
authors.forename: L C R
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Boys Smith
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bathe
authors.forename: T R C
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Greet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005244:Fecal Impaction / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome