title: A high prevalence of resistance in new tuberculosis cases of midwestern Brazil.
abstract: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious worldwide public health problem, and drug resistance, particularly multidrug resistance (MDR), is a critical factor involved in TB control. We analyzed Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from 132 new TB cases of treatment-naïve patients in Goiás, Brazil by drug susceptibility tests, partial sequencing of the rpoB and katG genes, inhA(C-15T) mutation analysis by PCR, and RFLP-IS6110 genotyping. A high frequency of drug resistance was observed in previously untreated patients (13.6% to at least one antibiotic and 6.1% MDR-TB), and a high rate DNA polymorphism was detected in these strains. These results suggest that the prevalence of resistant TB is underestimated and that resistance in new TB cases was not associated with an outbreak in this region. We recommend routine culture and susceptibility testing for all new TB cases in Goiás for the appropriate treatment and control of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia, Parasitologia e Patologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Rua 235 esq./1a Avenida, S/N, Setor Universitário, CEP 74605-050 Goiânia, Brazil. lorenacsantos@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Lorena Cristina
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Hesther de Macedo
authors.initials: Hde M
authors.lastname: Bousquet
authors.forename: Alyne Melo
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Junqueira-Kipnis
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kipnis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D054908:Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents