title: [Contact allergy to metals and bone cement components in patients with intolerance of arthroplasty].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Complications in arthroplasty are mostly attributed to wear particle related loosening, infections or mechanical failure. There is no investigation in a large patient series giving data about the frequency of allergic reactions to metals or bone cement components in arthroplasty with complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 92 patients with cemented hip or knee arthroplasty (66 patients with complications, 26 without symptoms) patch testing and medical history were evaluated. Contact allergy rates to metals and potential bone cement components were analyzed as well as type of complaints and allergy history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Main complaints were pain (81.8%), reduced range of motion (54.5%) and local swelling (56.1%). Contact allergy to nickel was shown in 16/66 patients (24.2%), 6.1% were allergic to cobalt and 3.0% to chromium. 21/66 patients (31.8%) showed an allergic reaction to bone cement components (gentamicin 23.8%, benzoyl peroxide 10.6%, hydroquinone 4.5%). Sensitization rates in patients without symptoms were 3.8% to nickel as well as to cobalt and chromium, and 15.4% to gentamicin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contact allergy rates to metals and potential bone cement components are higher in arthroplasty patients with complications than in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie und Allergologie der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Ricarda.Eben@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eben
authors.forename: K-A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nerz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuh
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Banke
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mazoochian
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002857:Chromium / Q000009:adverse effects; D003035:Cobalt / Q000009:adverse effects; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000009:adverse effects; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000009:adverse effects; D007720:Knee Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009532:Nickel / Q000009:adverse effects; D010328:Patch Tests; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011475:Prosthesis Failure
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D005839:Gentamicins; D006873:Hydroquinones; D008670:Metals; D002857:Chromium; D003035:Cobalt; D009532:Nickel; D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide; C031927:hydroquinone