title: TIPS creation in patients with persistent left superior vena cava.
abstract: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is a minimally invasive endovascular procedure that has played an important role in the treatment of acute or repeated variceal bleeding or refractory ascites. The standard venous access route for this procedure is the right jugular vein. Sometimes it is better to use the left jugular vein because of lower probability of life threatening complication or technical failure. In this case reports the authors have described their experience with TIPS creation in two patients with persistent left and absent right superior vena cava and recommend using the left jugular vein as an access route in this rare anatomical variant.
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and Department of Radiology, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. chovanec.v@seznam.cz
authors.forename: Vendelín
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chovanec
authors.forename: Antonín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krajina
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hůlek
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mest'an
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Renc
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic / Q000379:methods*; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery