Oxidative folding in the endoplasmic reticulum: towards a multiple oxidant hypothesis?
Oxidative protein folding in the luminal compartment of the endoplasmic reticulum is thought to be mediated by a proteinaceous electron relay system composed by PDI and ER oxidoreductin 1 (Ero1), transferring electrons from the cysteinyl residues of substrate proteins to oxygen. However, recent observations revealed that Ero1 isoforms are dispensable. Endoplasmic reticulum is known as a generator and accumulator of low molecular weight oxidants; some of them have already been shown to promote oxidative folding. On the basis of these observations a new theory of oxidative folding is proposed where the oxidative power is provided by the stochastic contribution of prooxidants.
Margittai
Eva
E
Università Vita-Salute, Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milano, Italy.
Bánhegyi
Gábor
G
D000818:Animals; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010087:Oxides / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D017510:Protein Folding; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D016877:Oxidants; D010087:Oxides; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010100:Oxygen