title: Cardiovascular prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in a Portuguese hypertensive population followed up for 8.2 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the cardiovascular (CV) prognostic value of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and blood pressure (BP) during the six 4-h periods of the 24-h ABP length in a cohort of 1200 Portuguese hypertensive patients (aged 51±12 years) without earlier CV events.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of CV events were followed for 9.833 patient years and analyzed using a cox hazard model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 15.2 (mean 8.2) years follow-up, there were 152 CV events (11% fatal) including 79 strokes and 52 coronary events. After adjustment for risk factors and office BP (OBP), a 1-standard deviation increment of 24-h, daytime and night-time systolic BP (SBP) significantly predicted any CV event with hazard ratios (HR) 1.41, 1.33 and 1.57, respectively, and stroke with HR 1.67, 1.58, 1.67, respectively (all P<0.01), but not coronary events. Prognostic significance of these SBP values and of night-time ABP persisted after adjustment for diastolic BP and daytime ABP, respectively, whereas the opposite did not occur. SBP night-time fall (%) inversely predicted total CV events after adjustment for diastolic BP night-time fall. Among all six 4-h periods of 24-h, increment of SBP during the first 4 h of night-time was the most powerful predictor of any CV event (HR 1.64) and stroke (HR 2.02) (both P<0.01) even after adjustment for daytime and 24-h BP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In predicting CV events and stroke, ABP is superior to office BP, ABP systolic is superior to ABP diastolic, and night-time BP is superior to daytime BP particularly during the first 4 h of sleep.
authors.affiliation: Escola Superior de Saúde da Universidade de Aveiro, EPE, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mesquita-Bastos
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertoquini
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Polónia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits; D011174:Portugal; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies