title: T but not N stage predicts survival for patients with tonsillar carcinoma treated with external radiotherapy and brachytherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our aim was to determine the efficacy of a therapeutic schedule including external radiation and brachytherapy in a consecutive and retrospective series of tonsillar carcinoma patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six patients with tonsillar carcinoma were treated between 1988 and 2000 and were followed up for at least for three years. All patients were treated with accelerated hyperfractionated external radiotherapy, 68 patients had additional brachytherapy and 69 patients with advanced stages also received chemotherapy. There was no planned surgery even though 73% had N+ disease. Eleven patients with persistent neck nodes underwent ultimate salvage surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall three-year survival (OS) was 70%. OS for the T stage was T1 90%, T2 89%, T3 54% and T4 60%. The corresponding numbers for the N stage were N0 61.5%, N1 73%, N2 78% and N3 66%. Accordingly OS was influenced by the T stage (p>0.001) rather than by N stage. Only four patients with salvage surgery had viable tumour cells in the specimen, their survival was not inferior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The primary tumour stage is an essential determinant for survival in patients with irradiated tonsillar carcinoma. Neck dissection should be confined only as a salvage procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. luaay.aziz@vgregion.se
authors.forename: Luaay
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nyman
authors.forename: Staffan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods; D014067:Tonsillar Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery