title: Oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters after an Ironman race.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate oxidative stress markers and inflammatory response in triathletes after an Ironman race (IR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen well-trained male triathletes (mean age, 34.7 +/- 2.15 years; weight, 69.3 +/- 1.9 kg; height, 1.81 +/- 0.58 cm) participated in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ironman Triathlon (3.8-km swim, 180-km cycle, 42.2-km run). Mean environmental conditions ranged from 20 to 25 degrees C and from 79% to 85% relative humidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before the race and up to 20 minutes after completing the full race, the weights and heights of volunteers were measured and a 10 mL blood sample was drawn from an antecubital vein. Aliquots of washed/lysed red blood cells and plasma/serum samples were stored at -80 degrees C. Lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and cytokines levels [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and IL-1ra] were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the IR, the results showed a significant increase in TBARS levels (prerace = 1.15 +/- 0.11; postrace = 1.98 +/- 0.27), lipid hydroperoxide content (prerace = 0.75 +/- 0.03; postrace = 1.46 +/- 0.18), protein carbonylation (prerace = 0.67 +/- 0.12; postrace = 2 0.15 +/- 0.60), superoxide dismutase (prerace = 2.67 +/- 0.62; postrace = 3.97 +/- 1.48), and catalase (prerace = 1.48 +/- 0.18; postrace = 2.84 +/- 0.39). TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 were not detected at basal conditions, but all markers were significantly increased after the IR (TNF-alpha: prerace = ND and postrace = 67.47 +/- 10.34; IL-6: prerace = ND and postrace = 55.41 +/- 3.45; IL-10: prerace = ND and postrace = 122.53 +/- 9.69; IL-1ra: prerace = 127.79 +/- 25.65 and postrace = 259.51 +/- 32.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An Ironman race provokes significant alterations in oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters. Thus, more studies with other markers and different designs are needed to elucidate the cellular alterations induced by an IR.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology Laboratory, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Criciúma, Santa Catarina, Brazil. pinho@unesc.net
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Pinho
authors.forename: Luciano A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Cleber A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Pinho
authors.forename: Débora L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Scheffer
authors.forename: Cláudio T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benetti
authors.forename: Tales
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal-Pizzol
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase