title: Antiaggregation potential of berry fractions against pairs of Streptococcus mutans with Fusobacterium nucleatum or Actinomyces naeslundii.
abstract: Coaggregation is an interspecies adhesion process, which is essential to the development of dental plaque. This is an in vitro study of the composition of the soluble solids in the berry juice molecular size fractions (<10 kDa, FI; 10-100 kDa, FII; >100 kDa, FIII) derived from apple, bilberry, blackcurrant, cloudberry, crowberry and lingonberry and their ability to inhibit and reverse coaggregation of the pairs of common species in dental plaque: Streptococcus mutans with Fusobacterium nucleatum or Actinomyces naeslundii. Inhibitory and reversal activity was found in the molecular size fractions FII and FIII of bilberry, blackcurrant, crowberry and lingonberry. The active fractions contained higher amounts of polyphenols (5-12% of soluble solids) than those without activity (<2% of soluble solids). Proanthocyanidins dominated in the active lingonberry juice fractions FII and FIII and also small amounts of anthocyanins were detected. Anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins and flavonol glycosides were prevalent in FII and FIII fractions of bilberry, blackcurrant and crowberry juices. Comparable amounts of sugars and titratable acids were present in the latter three berry juice fractions of different size. The results indicate that the high molecular size fractions of lingonberry, bilberry, blackcurrant and crowberry juices have antiaggregation potential on common oral bacteria, the potential being associated with their polyphenolic content.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland. Kaisu.Riihinen@uef.fi
authors.forename: Kaisu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riihinen
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ryynänen
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toivanen
authors.forename: Eija
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Könönen
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Törrönen
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tikkanen-Kaukanen
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D005591:Chemical Fractionation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D044948:Flavonols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D044948:Flavonols; D006027:Glycosides; D010636:Phenols; D028321:Plant Preparations; D059808:Polyphenols; D044945:Proanthocyanidins