title: Synthesis of a novel amphiphilic quaternized chitosan and its distribution in rats.
abstract: A novel amphiphilic chitosan derivative, N-[(2-hydroxy-3-N,N-dimethylhexadecyl ammonium)propyl]chitosan chloride (N-CQCs), was prepared with a degree of substitution (DS) of 15.58%. N-CQCs was positively charged and its zeta potential was +28.4 mV. The introduction of a long carbon chain with a quaternary ammonium salt group into the chitosan backbone enabled N-CQCs to be lipotropic and hydrophilic. According to the hypothesis of the hypocholesterolemic effect of N-CQCs, its organ distribution in rats was investigated 48 h after administration via gavage using fluorescein isothiocyanate labeling. N-CQCs showed lower cytotoxicity. The plasma half-life of N-CQCs in rats was 48 h and the plasma AUC0-48 h (P) was 371.70 μg/ml per h, suggesting that N-CQCs remained in body for a long time. The results also showed that the accumulation in adipose tissue and gastrointestinal tract was higher than in thymus, kidney, liver and spleen at 48 h after administration. It could be presumed that N-CQCs play an important part in the metabolic process of body fat. Adipose tissue and gastrointestinal tract were the probable interaction sites of N-CQCs and body fat.
authors.affiliation: a Department of Polymer Materials Science and Engineering, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Xiaofei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Anrong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D013696:Temperature; D013817:Thermography; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: C569571:N-((2-hydroxy-3-N,N-dimethylhexadecylammonium)propyl)chitosan chloride; D012997:Solvents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D014867:Water; D048271:Chitosan