title: Cowden syndrome and reconstructive breast surgery: case reports and review of the literature.
abstract: Cowden syndrome (CS) is a rare, autosomal dominant inherited disorder associated with multiple benign and malignant neoplasms, including breast cancer. Prophylactic resection of susceptible organs remains controversial. We briefly describe the syndrome and review management of the risk of CS-associated malignancies. Three cases of bilateral risk-reducing mastectomy and immediate breast reconstruction are described.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge Breast Unit, Addenbrooke's University Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Athanasopoulos
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Forouhi
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Malata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006223:Hamartoma Syndrome, Multiple / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
chemical_list: D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human