title: The relationship between perceived stress, acupuncture, and pregnancy rates among IVF patients: a pilot study.
abstract: The aim of this paper was to determine the effect of acupuncture on perceived stress levels in women on the day of embryo transfer (ET), and to determine if perceived stress levels at embryo transfer correlated with pregnancy rates. The study was an observational, prospective, cohort study based at the University IVF center.
  
  
  METHODS
  57 infertile patients undergoing IVF or IVF/ICSI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were undergoing Embryo Transfer with or without acupuncture as part of their standard clinical care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Perceive Stress Scale scores, pregnancy rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  women who received this acupuncture regimen achieved pregnancy 64.7%, whereas those without acupuncture achieved pregnancy 42.5%. When stratified by donor recipient status, only non-donor recipients potentially had an improvement with acupuncture (35.5% without acupuncture vs. 55.6% with acupuncture). Those who received this acupuncture regimen had lower stress scores both pre-ET and post-ET compared to those who did not. Those with decreased their perceived stress scores compared to baseline had higher pregnancy rates than those who did not demonstrate this decrease, regardless of acupuncture status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The acupuncture regimen was associated with less stress both before and after embryo transfer, and it possibly improved pregnancy rates. Lower perceived stress at the time of embryo transfer may play a role in an improved pregnancy rate.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Electronic address: jbalk@magee.edu.
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balk
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Catov
authors.affiliation: Eastern Center for Complementary Medicine, PC, Los Angeles, CA 90042, USA.
authors.forename: Brandon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.affiliation: University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gecsi
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh, Magee-Womens Hospital, 300 Halket Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wakim
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy; D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012649:Self Concept; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome