title: Synthesis and utilization of E. coli-encapsulated PEG-based microdroplet using a microfluidic chip for biological application.
abstract: We report herein an effective strategy for encapsulating Escherichia coli in polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) microdroplets using a microfluidic device and chemical polymerization. PEGDA was employed as a reactant due to the biocompatibility, high porosity, and hydrophilic property. The uniform size and shape of microdroplets are obtained in a single-step process using microfluidic device. The size of microdroplets can be controlled through the changing continuous flow rate. The combination of microdroplet generation and chemical polymerization techniques provide unique environment to produce non-toxic ways of fabricating microorganism-encapsulated hydrogel microbeads. Due to these unique properties of micro-sized hydrogel microbeads, the encapsulated E. coli can maintain viability inside of microbeads and green fluorescent protein (GFP) and red fluorescent protein (RFP) genes are efficiently expressed inside of microbeads after isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside induction, suggesting that there is no low-molecular weight substrate transfer limitation inside of microbeads. Furthermore, non-toxic, gentle, and outstanding biocompatibility of microbeads, the encapsulated E. coli can be used in various applications including biotransformation, biosensing, bioremediation, and engineering of artificial cells.
authors.affiliation: 1NEMS-Bio Team, National NanoFab Center, 335 Gwahangno, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae Jung
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Song Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Soo
authors.forename: Kye Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Byeong I I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chang-Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Do Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D001711:Biotransformation; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050296:Microbial Viability; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein; C437167:poly(ethylene glycol)diacrylate