title: Unsuitability and high perforation rate of latex-free gloves in arthroplasty: a cause for concern.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Any increase in perforations in surgical gloves is a concern. We conducted a prospective study to find a clinically acceptable brand of latex-free gloves suitable for orthopaedic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five different brands of gloves approved for use were selected. Two of the latex-free gloves were rejected as their clinical usability in arthroplasty was poor. The Cardinal Esteem latex-free glove has a smooth surface and was slippery, especially in total knee arthroplasty. The Biogel Skin Sense under glove was found to be unacceptably thick, affecting both surgical dexterity and tactility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three remaining gloves were Biogel latex (control), Synthesis Polyco (latex-free) and Cardinal Esteem SMT (latex-free). Gloves were then collected for testing from 241 arthroplasties. Gloves used for primary knee/hip replacements were tested using a validated water distension test. Latex-free gloves were found to have higher perforation rates compared to latex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrates that currently available latex-free gloves have inferior clinical performance and are not recommended for use in arthroplasty surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Wansbeck Hospital, Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Woodhorn Lane, Ashington, Northumberland, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. thomassuresh@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aldlyami
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: P F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Partington
mesh_terms: D000181:Acrylonitrile / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005932:Gloves, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012408:Rubber; D013343:Styrenes
chemical_list: C530802:2-(benzylaminocarbonyl)-3-(3,4-dihydroxystyryl)acrylonitrile; C095810:Biogel D; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D013343:Styrenes; D012408:Rubber; D000181:Acrylonitrile