The effects of small sized rice bowl on carbohydrate intake and dietary patterns in women with type 2 diabetes.
BACKGROUND
The main source of carbohydrate in the Korean diet is rice, which is usually served in a rice bowl. This study investigated the impact of a meal plan using smaller rice bowls on dietary energy intake and macronutrient composition in overweight or obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.


METHODS
A total of 67 women with type 2 diabetes were enrolled in our study. We divided these participants into three groups: a normal-weight group (NW; body mass index [BMI] < 23 kg/m(2); n = 17), an overweight group (OW; 23 </= BMI < 25 kg/m(2); n = 24) and an obese group (OB; BMI >/= 25 kg/m(2); n = 26). Three-day dietary records were analyzed for total energy intake (TEI) and macronutrient composition both before enrollment and two weeks after patients received instruction in a dietary plan based on using a small (200 mL) rice bowl.


RESULTS
After the intervention, TEI decreased in the OW and OB groups. Decreased carbohydrate (NW, -4 +/- 5%; OW, -4 +/- 5%; OB, -3 +/- 6%) and increased fat intakes were found in all three groups, which complies with Korean Diabetes Association recommendations. The protein proportion of TEI significantly increased only in the OW group. Body weight decreased both in the OW and OB groups.


CONCLUSIONS
A short-term, small-rice-bowl-based meal plan was effective for body weight control and macronutrient balance in overweight or obese women in Korea with type 2 diabetes.
Ahn
Hee-Jung
HJ
Diabetes Center, Eulji Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Eom
Yu-Kyung
YK
Han
Kyung-Ah
KA
Kwon
Hwi-Ryun
HR
Kim
Hyun Jin
HJ
Park
Kang Seo
KS
Min
Kyung-Wan
KW