title: In vitro evaluation of marginal adaptation in five ceramic restoration fabricating techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare in vitro the marginal adaptation of crowns manufactured using ceramic restoration fabricating techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty standardized master steel dies simulating molars were produced and divided into five groups, each containing 10 specimens. Test specimens were fabricated with CAD/CAM, heat-press, glass-infiltration, and conventional lost-wax techniques according to manufacturer instructions. Marginal adaptation of the test specimens was measured vertically before and after cementation using SEM. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey HSD tests (a = .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Marginal adaptation of ceramic crowns was affected by fabrication technique and cementation process (P < .001). The lowest marginal opening values were obtained with Cerec-3 crowns before and after cementation (P < .001). The highest marginal discrepancy values were obtained with PFM crowns before and after cementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Marginal adaptation values obtained in the compared systems were within clinically acceptable limits. Cementation causes a significant increase in the vertical marginal discrepancies of the test specimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ondokuz Mayis, Samsun, Turkey. cagriural@omu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Cağri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ural
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Burgaz
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saraç
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D002484:Cementation; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003442:Crowns; D003735:Dental Casting Technique; D003761:Dental Impression Technique; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design / Q000379:methods*; D005898:Glass / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D018020:Lithium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D014885:Waxes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C118557:Empress 2; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; C438843:Panavia-Fluoro; D019279:Resin Cements; D014885:Waxes; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C074543:Cerec; C070870:In-Ceram; D000537:Aluminum Oxide