title: A one-year trial of tiotropium Respimat plus usual therapy in COPD patients.
abstract: In this randomised double-blind study, patients >or=40 years old with COPD, a smoking history of >or=10 pack-years, a pre-bronchodilator FEV(1) of <or=60% predicted and an FEV(1)/FVC of <or=70% received tiotropium 5 microg or placebo via Respimat inhaler once daily for 48 weeks. Other medications were permitted except inhaled anticholinergics. Co-primary endpoints were trough FEV(1) and the time to first exacerbation. Adverse events were followed and vital status regularly assessed. In all, 3991 patients (mean age, 65 years [SD, 9 years]) were evaluable. Mean baseline FEV(1) was 1.11 L (0.40 L) or 40% (12%) of predicted normal. Adjusted mean differences in trough FEV(1) and trough FVC at Week 48 (tiotropium minus placebo) were 102 and 168 ml respectively (p < 0.0001, both). Tiotropium delayed time to first exacerbation relative to placebo (hazard ratio [HR], 0.69 [95% CI, 0.63-0.77]) and time to first hospital-treated exacerbation (HR, 0.73 [0.59-0.90]). SGRQ score at Week 48 was 2.9 units lower with tiotropium (p < 0.0001). Adverse and serious adverse events were balanced across treatment groups and similar in profile to previous tiotropium trials. The rate ratio for a major adverse cardiovascular event during the treatment period + 30 days was 1.12 (0.67-1.86). By the end of planned treatment (Day 337) 52 patients on tiotropium (incidence rate per 100 years, 2.94) and 38 on placebo (2.13) had died (HR = 1.38 [0.91-2.10]; p = 0.13). Lung function, exacerbations and quality of life were improved by tiotropium 5 microg Respimat but a numerical imbalance was seen in all-cause mortality. The protocol is registered on the European Clinical Trials Database as trial number 2006-001009-27 and in the ClinicalTrials.gov database as NCT00387088.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Mowbray, Cape Town, South Africa. eric.bateman@uct.ac.za
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tashkin
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siafakas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dahl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Towse
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Massey
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pavia
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010349:Patient Compliance; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide