title: Mutation of Phe91 to Asn in human carbonic anhydrase I unexpectedly enhanced both catalytic activity and affinity for sulfonamide inhibitors.
abstract: Site-directed mutagenesis has been used to change one amino acid residue considered non essential (Phe91Asn) to catalysis in carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1) isozyme I (hCA I), but which is near the substrate binding pocket of the enzyme. This change led to a steady increase of 16% of the catalytic activity of the mutant hCA I over the wild type enzyme, which is a gain of 50% catalytic efficiency if one compares hCA I and hCA II as catalysts for CO(2) hydration. This effect may be due to the bigger hydrophobic pocket in the mutant enzyme compared to the wild type one, which probably leads to the reorganization of the solvent molecules present in the cavity and to a diverse proton transfer pathway in the mutant over the non mutated enzyme. To our surprise, the mutant CA I was not only a better catalyst for the physiologic reaction, but in many cases also showed higher affinity (2.6-15.9 times) for sulfonamide/sulfamate inhibitors compared to the wild type enzyme. As the residue in position 91 is highly variable among the 13 catalytically active CA isoforms, this study may shed a better understanding of catalysis/inhibition by this superfamily of enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Biology, Balikesir University, Balikesir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Feray
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kockar
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.forename: Meltem
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.forename: Sumeyye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turkoglu
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinan
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.forename: Ozen Ozensoy
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Güler
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Claudiu T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Supuran
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001216:Asparagine / Q000737:chemistry; D001665:Binding Sites; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000737:chemistry; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D013449:Sulfonamides; D010649:Phenylalanine; D001216:Asparagine; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II