title: Cisplatin-induced renal salt wasting syndrome.
abstract: Cisplatin was the first platinum compound to be introduced as a chemotherapeutic agent with antineoplastic activity against a wide variety of solid tumors. Renal impairment with a decline in glomerular filtration has been the classical nephrotoxicity of cisplatin. Renal salt wasting syndrome is yet another, though it is not common. Previous studies were identified by searching the Pubmed database using the following keywords: cisplatin, cisplatin nephrotoxicity, renal salt wasting, and salt loosing nephropathy. Renal salt wasting syndrome has been described in 17 case reports since 1984. It is a rare side effect of cisplatin that manifests with polyuria, hypovolemia, and hyponatremia, and, because of similarities in clinical settings and laboratory values, it is frequently misdiagnosed as a syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone. Other causes of polyuria and hyponatremia should be excluded. Treatment aims at restoring the lost water and salt. Substituting cisplatin with carboplatin depends on individual clinical settings. Prognosis is excellent, as recovery was the rule in all the reported cases.
authors.affiliation: St Joseph Hospital-University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA. tamimos@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Tamim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamdi
authors.forename: Shadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Latta
authors.forename: Bassel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jallad
authors.forename: Fayez
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kheir
authors.forename: Mohamad N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Alhosaini
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D007177:Inappropriate ADH Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002945:Cisplatin