title: Strontium hexaferrite nanomagnets suspended in a cosmetic preparation: a convenient tool to evaluate the biological effects of surface magnetism on human skin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Magnetic therapy has been popular for ages, but its therapeutic abilities remain to be demonstrated. We aimed to develop a homogeneous, stable dispersion of magnetic nanoparticles in a skin-care preparation, as a tool to analyze the biological and physiological effects of superficial magnetism in skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  SrFe(12)O(19) nanoparticles were generated by ultrasound, dispersed in glycerol, stabilized in Dermud cream and permanently magnetized. The magnetic cream was applied on the epidermis of human skin organ cultures. The effects on UV-induced cell toxicity, apoptosis and inflammatory cytokine expression were analyzed. A clinical test was performed to check skin moisturization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nanomagnets were found to be homogenously and stably dispersed. After magnetization, the preparation generated a magnetic field of 1-2 G. Upon cream application, no cytotoxicity and no impairment of cellular vitality were found after 24 and 48 h, respectively. The anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties of Dermud were not modified, but its long-term effect on moisturization in vivo was slightly increased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nanomagnetic Dermud cream can be used as a tool to analyze the biological effects of nanomagnets dispersed on the skin surface at the cellular and molecular levels, thus allowing to explore the possible therapeutic uses of superficial magnetism for skin care.
authors.affiliation: Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Dead Sea, Israel.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zioni
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Perkas
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wolfus
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Soroka
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Popov
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oron
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Perelshtein
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bruckental
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Brégégère
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma'or
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gedanken
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yeshurun
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Neuman
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Milner
mesh_terms: D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D025802:Electric Capacitance; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004643:Emollients / Q000494:pharmacology; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013324:Strontium
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D004643:Emollients; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C001215:ferrite; D013324:Strontium