title: Prevalence of medication-related risk factors among retirement village residents: a cross-sectional survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  information on medication use and risk factors among older people residing in retirement villages and their uptake of medication reviews are scant.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to identify medication use issues and risk factors for medication-related problems among retirement village residents and to evaluate the uptake of government-subsidised Home Medicines Review (HMR) services in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  cross-sectional, mail survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  retirement villages in Victoria, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  members of the Residents of Retirement Villages of Victoria residing in retirement villages (2,116, aged 54-100 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  a questionnaire was developed incorporating validated scales and items to measure medication risk, medication adherence, co-morbidity, disability, information on medication use, health and the uptake of HMR services. Questionnaires were mailed to participants for self-completion and returned using reply-paid envelopes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  of the 2,116 respondents (70.7% response rate), 2,006 (94.8%; 95% confidence interval (CI) 93.9-95.7%) reported using prescribed medications. Three or more health conditions were present in 993 (46.9%; 95% CI 44.8-49.0%) respondents. Five or more regular medications were used by 988 (46.7%; 95% CI 44.6-48.8%) respondents. Twelve or more tablets/capsules per day were used by 229 (10.8%; 95% CI 9.5-12.1%) respondents. The use of narrow therapeutic index medications was reported by 264 (12.5%; 95% CI 11.1-13.9%) respondents. Changes to medication regimens in the previous 3 months were reported by 356 (16.8%; 95% CI 15.2-18.4%) respondents. One or more medication-related risk factors were seen in 1,374 (64.9%; 95% CI 62.9-66.9%) respondents. Of these at-risk residents, 76 (5.5%; 95% CI 4.5-6.5%) reported receiving an HMR in the previous 12 months, who were older (P < 0.001), were using more medicines (P < 0.001) and had greater disability (P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  reasons for the low uptake of medication reviews in retirement village residents despite the high prevalence of medication risk require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University (Parkville Campus), 381 Royal Parade, Parkville VIC 3052, Australia.
authors.forename: Cik Yin
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Johnson
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Rohan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D057187:Independent Living / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012179:Retirement / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology; D016903:Drug Monitoring