title: Maximum tensile force of different suture techniques in reconstruction of the renal remnant after nephron-sparing surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In nephron-sparing surgery, the closure of the renal remnant is one of the major critical steps in preventing possible complications. Several suture techniques can be used for this purpose. The type of suture used depends on the discretion of the surgeon and not on validated experimental data.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an experimental setting, the renal remnant of a standardized defect in 20 porcine kidneys (with and without an intact renal capsule) was reconstructed using three different suture techniques (simple, vertical, and horizontal mattress suture). The maximum tensile force before the suture tears through the renal remnant was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The horizontal mattress suture attains the highest maximum tensile force by far. The values of the simple and vertical mattress sutures are surpassed, with a respective increase of 140 and 83% if the capsule is intact and 172 and 109% if the capsule is not intact. If an intact renal capsule is present, the maximum tensile force in each suture technique increases 43-63%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that of all tested suture techniques, the horizontal mattress suture provides the best adaptation strength before the suture tears through the renal parenchyma/capsule. Furthermore, it is recommended that the kidney capsule be included in the reconstructive suture because this significantly contributes to the safety of the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ortenau Klinikum, Ebertplatz 9, 77654, Offenburg, Germany. dr.j.simon@gmx.net
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Finter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ignatius
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meilinger
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dürselen
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D023421:Models, Animal; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D009399:Nephrons; D011897:Random Allocation; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013552:Swine; D013718:Tensile Strength