Genome sequence of the model mushroom Schizophyllum commune.
Much remains to be learned about the biology of mushroom-forming fungi, which are an important source of food, secondary metabolites and industrial enzymes. The wood-degrading fungus Schizophyllum commune is both a genetically tractable model for studying mushroom development and a likely source of enzymes capable of efficient degradation of lignocellulosic biomass. Comparative analyses of its 38.5-megabase genome, which encodes 13,210 predicted genes, reveal the species's unique wood-degrading machinery. One-third of the 471 genes predicted to encode transcription factors are differentially expressed during sexual development of S. commune. Whereas inactivation of one of these, fst4, prevented mushroom formation, inactivation of another, fst3, resulted in more, albeit smaller, mushrooms than in the wild-type fungus. Antisense transcripts may also have a role in the formation of fruiting bodies. Better insight into the mechanisms underlying mushroom formation should affect commercial production of mushrooms and their industrial use for producing enzymes and pharmaceuticals.
Ohm
Robin A
RA
Department of Microbiology and Kluyver Centre for Genomics of Industrial Fermentation, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
de Jong
Jan F
JF
Lugones
Luis G
LG
Aerts
Andrea
A
Kothe
Erika
E
Stajich
Jason E
JE
de Vries
Ronald P
RP
Record
Eric
E
Levasseur
Anthony
A
Baker
Scott E
SE
Bartholomew
Kirk A
KA
Coutinho
Pedro M
PM
Erdmann
Susann
S
Fowler
Thomas J
TJ
Gathman
Allen C
AC
Lombard
Vincent
V
Henrissat
Bernard
B
Knabe
Nicole
N
Kües
Ursula
U
Lilly
Walt W
WW
Lindquist
Erika
E
Lucas
Susan
S
Magnuson
Jon K
JK
Piumi
François
F
Raudaskoski
Marjatta
M
Salamov
Asaf
A
Schmutz
Jeremy
J
Schwarze
Francis W M R
FW
vanKuyk
Patricia A
PA
Horton
J Stephen
JS
Grigoriev
Igor V
IV
Wösten
Han A B
HA
D001483:Base Sequence; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D049770:Genes, Mating Type, Fungal; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D016681:Genome, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D008954:Models, Biological; D012567:Schizophyllum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014934:Wood / Q000382:microbiology
D005656:Fungal Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors