title: Cereal consumption and indicators of cardiovascular risk in adolescent girls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between cereal consumption and cardiovascular risk factors including waist, height, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol in a sample of adolescent girls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted from 1987 to 1997 and data were collected at three study sites (University of California at Berkeley, University of Cincinnati and Westat Inc., Rockville, MD, USA). Mixed models were used to estimate the association between the number of days of eating cereal and these four outcome variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Girls (n 2371) who participated in the 10-year National Heart, Lung, and Blood Growth and Health Study (NGHS) and completed a 3 d food diary in years 1-5 and 7, 8 and 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adolescent girls who ate cereal more often had lower waist-to-height ratio (P<0.005), lower total cholesterol (P<0.05) and lower LDL cholesterol (P<0.05), taking into account sociodemographic variables, physical activity levels and total energy intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that cereal consumption is associated with markers of cardiovascular risk and that childhood patterns of consumption may influence the development of risk factors later in adolescence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling and Applied Educational Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Franko
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Albertson
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Barton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001827:Body Height; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015930:Diet Records; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol