title: A technique for capturing migratory periocular worms: a case series and review of literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical presentation of migratory nematodes and to outline a simple strategy to ensure capture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two consecutive patients with suspected migratory nematodes were treated promptly by strategic placement of a pharmacological barrier in the forniceal conjunctiva using 1% lidocaine with epinephrine to block the routes of retreat and to immobilize the worms for controlled retrieval. Two live nematode worms, one subcutaneous dirofilaria and one subconjunctival Loa loa, were successfully removed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A sense of urgency is conveyed to isolate the migratory worm while it is still visible and residing in a location for easy surgical removal. The retreat of the worm to the deeper, inaccessible orbit is prevented by strategic placement of a perimeter of anesthetic.
authors.affiliation: University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Brian C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Rhea
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siatkowski
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Tse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D003229:Conjunctival Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery; D004182:Dirofilaria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004184:Dirofilariasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005129:Eye Foreign Bodies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery*; D015822:Eye Infections, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery*; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008117:Loa / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008118:Loiasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012876:Skin Diseases, Parasitic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D008012:Lidocaine; D004837:Epinephrine