title: Cranial reconstruction using bioabsorbable calcified triglyceride bone cement.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report our experience on 6 cases of cranial reconstruction using bioabsorbable calcified triglyceride KRYPTONITE Bone Cement (Doctors Research Group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients underwent cranial reconstruction during the surgical removal of a supratentorial tumor between September 2008 and November 2009 at our department. In 5 patients, we performed the cranial reconstruction using KRYPTONITE Bone Cement and cranial fixations; in the remaining patient, we avoided cranial fixation systems or other bone sutures to obtain good aesthetic results in the frontal supraorbital region. Preoperatively and 7 days and 12 months after surgery, patients were assessed using craniocerebral magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography (CT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed that this bone cement was an injectable liquid for up to 8 minutes after mixing, it became adhesive at 8 to 15 minutes, and it was then shaped for use. Brain and dural reconstructions were not protected when this bone cement was being poured into the craniotomy site because of the minimal exothermal reaction. After 8 minutes, additional expansion is limited to 10%; therefore, we took heightened awareness of the amount of cement needed to fill the bone defect. In all patients, postoperative craniocerebral CT scanning, at 7 days, showed perfect alignment of the craniotomical bone and optimal filling of bone defects. No complications occurred, and aesthetic result was good. Twelve months after surgery, craniocerebral CT scanning showed bioabsorbability and osteoconductivity of this cement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KRYPTONITE Bone Cement is a nonthermal conducting, radiopaque, nonmagnetic, lightweight, simple to prepare, and easily applicable and molded material. Moreover, it has adhesive, bioabsorbable, and osteoconductive properties. To our knowledge, we present the first case of cranial reconstruction using this cement without cranial fixation systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Seconda Università di Napoli, Naples, Italy. giuseppe.dinuzzo@unina2.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: di Nuzzo
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luongo
authors.forename: Ciro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parlato
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moraci
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002368:Castor Oil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011108:Polymers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D015173:Supratentorial Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; C552291:Kryptonite bone cement; D011108:Polymers; D002368:Castor Oil