The use of signalling pathway inhibitors and chromatin modifiers for enhancing pluripotency.
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells have been isolated from a limited number of species. The new advances with inducing pluripotency in somatic cells have resulted in the generation of pluripotent stem cells while circumventing the need for embryos. In this review we describe the main signalling pathways involved in maintaining pluripotency and inducing differentiation. Inhibition of the signalling pathways involved in differentiation enhances the derivation and cultivation of pluripotent stem cells. Furthermore, we discuss the use of chromatin modifiers to maintain an open chromatin state which is characteristic of pluripotent stem cells, to facilitate the derivation of pluripotent cell lines.
Sumer
H
H
Centre for Reproduction and Development, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton VIC 3168, Australia.
Liu
J
J
Verma
P J
PJ
D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002843:Chromatin / Q000187:drug effects; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D051379:Mice; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
D002843:Chromatin