title: Preventive effect of iron gel with or without fluoride on bovine enamel erosion in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the preventive effect in vitro of experimental gel containing iron and/or fluoride on the erosion of bovine enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  To standardize the blocks (n = 80), specimens (4 x 4 mm) were previously selected to measure the initial microhardness. The blocks were randomly allocated into four groups of 20 samples each: C (control, placebo gel); F (fluoride gel, 1.23% NaF); Fe (iron gel, 10 mmol/L FeSO(4)) and F + Fe (fluoride + iron gel). The gels were applied and removed after 1 minute. The blocks were then submitted to six alternating remineralization and demineralization cycles. The beverage Coca-Cola (10 minutes, 30 mL) was used for demineralization, and artificial saliva (1 hour) for remineralization. The effect of erosion was measured by wear analysis (profilometry). Data were analysed by ANOVA and the Tukey test for individual comparisons (p <0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean wear (+/- SD, microm) was C: 0.94 +/- 0.22; F: 0.55 +/- 0.12; Fe: 0.49 +/- 0.11 and F + Fe: 0.55 +/- 0.13. When the experimental gels were used, there was statistically significant reduction in enamel wear in comparison with the control (p <0.001). However, the experimental gels did not differ significantly among them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gels containing iron with or without fluoride are capable of interfering with the dissolution dental enamel in the presence of erosive challenge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Orthodontics and Public Health, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Marsicano
authors.forename: S H C
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sales-Peres
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D003747:Dental Enamel Solubility / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005782:Gels; D006244:Hardness; D008422:Materials Testing; D010919:Placebos; D011897:Random Allocation; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D005782:Gels; D010919:Placebos; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; C020748:ferrous sulfate; D012969:Sodium Fluoride