title: Anti-angiogenic effect of siphonaxanthin from green alga, Codium fragile.
abstract: Since anti-angiogenic therapy has becoming a promising approach in the prevention of cancer and related diseases, the present study was aimed to examine the anti-angiogenic effect of siphonaxanthin from green alga (Codium fragile) in cell culture model systems and ex vivo approaches using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat aortic ring, respectively. Siphonaxanthin significantly suppressed HUVEC proliferation (p<0.05) at the concentration of 2.5 μM (50% as compared with control) and above, while the effect on chemotaxis was not significant. Siphonaxanthin exhibited strong inhibitory effect on HUVEC tube formation. It suppressed the formation of tube length by 44% at the concentration of 10 μM, while no tube formation was observed at 25 μM, suggesting that it could be due to the suppression of angiogenic mediators. The ex vivo angiogenesis assay exhibited reduced microvessel outgrowth in a dose dependent manner and the reduction was significant at more than 2.5 μM. Our results imply a new insight on the novel function of siphonaxanthin in preventing angiogenesis related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Ponesakki
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ganesan
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Yukihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugawara
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D055806:Microvessels / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D014471:Umbilical Veins; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D024341:Xanthophylls; C003314:siphonaxanthin