title: Potential advantages and limitations of the Leo stent in endovascular treatment of complex cerebral aneurysms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Leo self-expandable stent is a new retractable stent that is delivered via a conventional catheter. The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of this stent for endovascular treatment of complex aneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight complex cerebral aneurysms (27 saccular and 1 fusiform) in 28 patients were treated electively. They were located at the internal carotid artery (17), basilar trunk (3), anterior cerebral artery (1), anterior communicating artery (3), vertebral artery (2) and middle cerebral artery (2). One aneurysm exhibited recanalization after primary endovascular treatment without stent. Clinical outcome was assessed with the modified Glasgow Outcome Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Deployment of Leo stent was successful in 26 lesions, and difficulties in stent positioning due to tortuous cerebral circulation in 2 cases, which were treated with Neuroform stent. Additional coil embolization was performed in 26 lesions. No permanent neurological deficits were encountered consequent to endovascular procedure. Complete or partial occlusion immediately after stent deployment was achieved in all aneurysms. There was no immediate coil embolization was chosen in 3 cases because of subsequent reduced filling of the aneurysms with contrast agent on angiograms. There were 3 asymptomatic parent artery occlusion related to the deployment of the Leo stent, one stent migration. Follow-up revealed patent stents in the remaining cases. No angiographic recurrences arose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Leo stent is very useful for endovascular treatment of complex cerebral aneurysms because it is easy to navigate and place precisely. A drawback is that in-stent thrombosis caused by stent placement and stiffer delivery catheters to place larger stents.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, 6, Tiantan Xili, 100050 Hebei, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Xianli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lv
authors.forename: Youxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chuhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xinjian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhongxue
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome