The effect of GH and IGF1 on linear growth and skeletal development and their modulation by SOCS proteins.
Circulating signalling proteins have often been divided into hormones and cytokines, but it is increasingly being recognised that these substances have a number of common characteristics and mechanisms of action. This is clearly illustrated by the suppressor of cytokine signalling (SOCS) proteins which are increasingly seen as a central component of the regulation of the action of hormones and cytokines that signal through the cytokine receptor complex. The SOCS protein family is probably more extensive than currently recognised; its members may have differential tissue expression and their potency for suppressing cytokine signalling may vary. Recent knockout and transgenic studies in mice have highlighted the role that these proteins play in growth and skeletal development as well as in inflammation. Chronic inflammation is associated with altered growth and skeletal development, and it is possible that SOCS proteins may have an important role to play in mediating these effects.
Ahmed
S F
SF
Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, Division of Developmental Medicine, Department of Child Health, Royal Hospital For Sick Children, University of Glasgow, Yorkhill, Glasgow G3 8SJ, UK. s.f.ahmed@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
Farquharson
C
C
D000818:Animals; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology*; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D013006:Growth Hormone