title: Minimally invasive per-catheter occlusion and dilation procedures for congenital cardiovascular abnormalities in dogs.
abstract: With ever-increasing sophistication of veterinary cardiology, minimally invasive per-catheter occlusion and dilation procedures for the treatment of various congenital cardiovascular abnormalities in dogs have become not only available, but mainstream. Much new information about minimally invasive per-catheter patent ductus arteriosus occlusion has been published and presented during the past few years. Consequently, patent ductus arteriosus occlusion is the primary focus of this article. Occlusion of other less common congenital cardiac defects is also briefly reviewed. Balloon dilation of pulmonic stenosis, as well as other congenital obstructive cardiovascular abnormalities is discussed in the latter part of the article.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA. tobia004@umn.edu
authors.forename: Anthony H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Tobias
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Stauthammer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000662:veterinary*; D018376:Cardiovascular Abnormalities / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000662:veterinary*; D016896:Treatment Outcome