title: Postconditioning and remote postconditioning of ischemic rat cardiac grafts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Global warm ischemia of transplanted cardiac grafts is associated with apoptosis and subsequent tissue necrosis. It is suggested that postconditioning (PostC) may ameliorate the early outcome of cardiac grafts after ischemia-reperfusion. We investigated whether PostC and remote postconditioning (RPostC) have a histopathologic impact after transplantation of warm ischemic rat cardiac grafts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen rats were randomized to undergo either PostC or RPostC after heterotopic transplantation of ischemic cardiac grafts. Six rats without intervention besides transplantation served as controls (control). The recipient rats were sacrificed 24 h after transplantation to evaluate histopathology and apoptotic index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences were observed between the study groups in terms of graft heat shock protein 70 and oxygen radical absorbing capacity, an indicator of antioxidant capacity. While apoptosis and PCARB, a marker of protein oxidation and oxidative stress, decreased after RPostC (p < 0.05), contraction band necrosis was less prominent in both PostC and RPostC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both PostC and RPostC have a histopathologic impact after 24 h of reperfusion of warm ischemic rat cardiac grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanchang University Hospital, Jiangxi, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mennander
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oksala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Syvala
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lagerstedt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuuslahti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nieminen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Anas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moilanen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarkka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D057775:Ischemic Postconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D009336:Necrosis; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins