Targeting the prostate-specific membrane antigen for prostate cancer therapy.
Prostate cancer remains a leading cause of death for men in Western civilization. Despite the effectiveness of surgical prostatectomy, radiotherapy and hormonal therapy, a significant proportion of patients progress to advanced metastatic disease for which there are currently no curative treatment options. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches need to be considered. The prostate-specific membrane antigen is a cell-surface glycoprotein that is highly and specifically expressed on prostate epithelial cells and strongly upregulated in prostate cancer at all stages. These characteristics make it an attractive target for antibody-based imaging and therapies and the first anti-prostate-specific membrane antigen agents have already entered clinical trials. The proposed strategies include targeted toxins and radiotherapeutics as well as immunotherapeutic agents and vaccines.
Bühler
Patrick
P
Department of Urology, Experimental Urology, University of Freiburg, Breisacher Strasse 117, Freiburg, Germany.
Wolf
Philipp
P
Elsässer-Beile
Ursula
U
D000818:Animals; D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016719:Radioimmunodetection; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000954:Antigens, Surface; C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II