title: Afferent neurourology: an epidemiological perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple urological conditions are characterized by bothersome sensations such as pain or urinary urgency. There is significant confusion about the etiology and pattern of these symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The term afferent neurourology is introduced to describe the study of sensory processing related to the genitourinary tract. Epidemiological studies related to afferent neurourology are reviewed and unique challenges to our understanding of these disorders are described.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Afferent urological disorders are characterized by urological pain or urinary urgency. Conceptually these afferent disorders can be differentiated from efferent urological disorders and structural urological abnormalities. Afferent urological disorders are common in men and women, although symptom severity is variable. Study of the entire disease spectrum may provide insight into pathogenesis and prevention. The natural history of these symptoms is poorly understood. Afferent urological disorders commonly co-occur with other poorly understood somatic symptoms, suggesting that symptoms may be due to a systemic disorder in certain individuals. Mechanisms responsible for these sensory abnormalities are poorly understood and may arise from central and peripheral abnormalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary pain and urgency are common, bothersome symptoms that are currently understood poorly and managed ineffectively. Intentional recognition of sensory urological abnormalities as a separate field of study may enhance research efforts into these conditions and improve treatment outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-5330, USA. qclemens@umich.edu
authors.forename: J Quentin
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Clemens
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology