title: The impacts of the rise of Paragraph IV challenges on startup alliance formation and firm value in the pharmaceutical industry.
abstract: Court decisions in 1998 encouraged generic producers to pursue Paragraph IV patent challenges. A follow-up decision in 2000 marked the first successful challenge involving a blockbuster and brought further attention to this pathway for generic entry. We consider the impacts of these decisions on R&D-based startups, and we focus on the propensity to form alliances as a primary channel of impact. We find substantial negative impacts on alliance formation and firm value, and only the first event's impacts are restricted to small molecules. The results suggest that policy analyses in settings with R&D-based startups should consider impacts on alliance formation.
authors.affiliation: Robert Day School of Economics and Finance, Claremont McKenna College, Bauer Center 325, Claremont, CA 91711, USA. Darren.Filson@cmc.edu
authors.forename: Darren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Filson
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oweis
mesh_terms: D004345:Drug Industry / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016568:Drugs, Generic / Q000737:chemistry; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007603:Jurisprudence; D010330:Patents as Topic / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012106:Research / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000639:trends; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D016568:Drugs, Generic