title: Altered fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin levels in patients with liver failure are normalized after liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anorexia is a problem of paramount importance in patients with advanced liver failure. Ghrelin has important actions on feeding and weight homeostasis. Experimental data exist, which suggest that ghrelin could protect hepatic tissue. Both fasting and post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) ghrelin concentrations are controversial in liver cirrhosis and are unknown after liver transplantation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to study fasting ghrelin concentrations and their response to an OGTT in liver failure patients before and after liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 21 patients with severe liver failure studied before (pretransplantation, PreT) and 6 months after liver transplantation (posttransplantation, PostT), and 10 age- and body mass index-matched healthy or overweight subjects as the control group (Cont). After an overnight fast, 75 g of oral glucose were administered; glucose, insulin, and ghrelin were obtained at baseline and at times 30, 60, 90, and 120 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting ghrelin (median and range, pg/ml) levels were lower in PreT: 539 (309-1262) than in Cont: 643 (523-2163), P=0.045. Fasting ghrelin levels increased after liver transplantation, 539 (309-1262) vs 910 (426-3305), for PreT and PostT respectively, P=0.001. The area under the curve (AUC) of ghrelin (pg/ml min) was lower in PreT: 63,900 (37,260-148,410) than in Cont: 76,560 (56,160-206,385), P=0.027. The AUC of ghrelin increased in PostT, 63,900 (37,260-148,410) vs 107,595 (59,535-357,465), for PreT and PostT respectively, P=0.001. Fasting levels and the AUC of ghrelin were similar in PosT and Cont.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Decreased fasting and post-OGTT ghrelin levels in liver failure patients were normalized after liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital A Coruña. Xubias de Arriba 84, Coruña, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Diz-Lois
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Buela
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sangiao-Alvarellos
authors.forename: Ovidio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cordido
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin