title: Phase-contrast MRI and 3D-CISS versus contrast-enhanced MR cisternography for the detection of spontaneous third ventriculostomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the diagnostic efficacies of phase-contrast MRI (PC-MRI) and three-dimensional constructive interference in steady-state (3D-CISS) sequence for the detection of spontaneous third ventriculostomy (STV) on the basis of contrast-enhanced MR cisternography (MRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven obstructive hydrocephalus patients with clinically-radiologically suspected STV and ten controls were examined by PC-MRI, 3D-CISS and MRC. PC-MRI and 3D-CISS sequence were applied to view the third ventricle and basal cisterns. Following injection of 0.5-1ml intrathecal Gd-DTPA injection, postcontrast MRC images were obtained in three planes. Presence of STV was scored as follows: grade 0, no existence of STV; grade 1, STV present. Results of PC-MRI and 3D-CISS were compared with the MRC findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In PC-MRI, five patients were assessed as grade 0 and six cases grade 1. As a result of 3D-CISS sequence, eight cases were evaluated as grade 0 and three cases grade 1. Based on MRC, nine cases were assessed as grade 0 and two cases grade 1. False positivity was found in four cases by PC-MRI and in one case by 3D-CISS. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of PC-MRI and 3D-CISS sequence regarding demonstration of STV, were 100, 100, 56, 89, 64, and 91% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PC-MRI and 3D-CISS are helpful in confirming the STV. PC-MRI and 3D-CISS should be the first preference. If PC-MRI and 3D-CISS give negative results, then MRC is not required. MRC should be performed on patients who demonstrate suspected STV findings on PC-MRI and 3D-CISS sequences. MRC may prevent false positive results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey. Electronic address: droktayalgin@gmail.com.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Algin
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hakyemez
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, Uludag University Medical Faculty, Gorukle, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parlak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002946:Cisterna Magna / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020542:Third Ventricle / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult