title: A Comparison of the QIDS-C16, QIDS-SR16, and the MADRS in an Adult Outpatient Clinical Sample.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study compared the 16-item Clinician and Self-Report versions of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology (QIDS-C16 and QIDS-SR16) and the 10-item Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) in adult outpatients. The comparison was based on psychometric features and their performance in identifying those in a major depressive episode as defined by the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 278 consecutive outpatients, 181 were depressed. Classical test theory, factor analysis, and item response theory were used to evaluate the psychometric features and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three measures were unidimensional. All had acceptable reliability (coefficient a=.87 for MADRS10, .82 for QIDS-C16, and .80 for QIDS-SR16). Test information function was higher for the MADRS (ie, it was most sensitive to individual differences in levels of depression). The MADRS and QIDS-C16 slightly but consistently outperformed the QIDS-SR16 in differentiating between depressed versus nondepressed patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All three measures have satisfactory psychometric properties and are valid screening tools for a major depressive episode.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center in Dallas.
authors.forename: Ira H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stegman
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Macleod
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: Madhukar H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Trivedi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D010045:Outpatients; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results