title: Intervention taxonomy (ITAX): describing essential features of interventions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify key features of interventions that need to be considered in the design, execution, and reporting of interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on prior work on decomposing psychosocial and clinical interventions, current guidelines for describing interventions, and a review of a broad range of intervention studies, we developed a comprehensive intervention taxonomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specific recommendations, rationales, and definitions of intervention delivery and content characteristics including mode, materials, location, schedule, scripting, and sensitivity to participant characteristics, interventionist characteristics, adaptability, implementation, content strategies, and mechanisms of action are provided.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Applying this taxonomy will advance intervention science by (a) improving intervention designs, (b) enhancing replication and follow-up of intervention studies, (c) facilitating systematic exploration of the efficacy and effectiveness of intervention components through cross-study analysis, and (d) informing decisions about the feasibility of implementation in broader community settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, 121 University Place, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. schulz@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Sara J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Czaja
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Marcia G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ory
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Belle
mesh_terms: D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D010346:Patient Care Management; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000145:classification* / Q000379:methods*; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards*; D009626:Terminology as Topic