[Physical activity of schoolchildren in France. The paradox of a public health priority!].
BACKGROUND
For their health and an appropriate development, it is recommended that schoolchildren get on a daily basis a minimum of 60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). With only about 11% of girls and 25% of boys completing these recommendations, French children are among the least active in the world. In addition, most of them spend almost 3h/day in front of a screen while it is generally suggested to limit children's screen time to less than 2h/day.


METHODS
An inspection of available opportunities in the French context reveals many occasions for sufficient physical activity at school, at home, in the neighbourhood, and during commuting to and from school.


RESULTS
Available opportunities which encompass about 245 min/day, could contribute to at least 100 min/day of MVPA to all children, considering sport as a subsidiary and economically constraint opportunity. Moreover, in France there is an interesting legal background and political willpower to promote physical activity in the general population, and especially among children. Several factors may explain the high level of physical inactivity among French children, including the lack of investments for strategies aiming to uphold physical activity when compared to other major risks of diseases such as smoking or alcoholism. Furthermore, there may be a failure of the main actors (e.g., parents, teachers, health, sport and physical activity professionals) directly involved in the promotion of physical activity in children. Given its influence on many dimensions of a child's health, it is necessary that adults' attitudes towards physical activity and sedentary lifestyles change more quickly.


CONCLUSIONS
It is important to increase awareness of the adult population, in that education/knowledge, role modelling, encouragement and counselling in physical activity undertaken by trained professionals are of paramount value for the integration of physical activity as part of the children's routine. These actions should be based on an accurate assessment/surveillance system and an adequate characterization of physical activity profiles of children.
Guinhouya
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BC
EA 2694, laboratoire de santé publique, faculté d'ingénierie et de management de la santé, UDSL/ILIS université Lille Nord de France, 42, rue Ambroise-Paré, 59120 Loos, France. benjamin.guinhouya@univ-lille2.fr
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010809:Physical Fitness; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011634:Public Health; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013177:Sports; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013690:Television