title: Characterization of a potential nutraceutical ingredient: pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) seed oil unsaponifiable fraction.
abstract: The chemical fingerprinting of the unsaponifiable fraction of different Punica granatum seed oils was performed in order to evaluate their potential as a functional food ingredient. Qualitative and quantitative determinations of tocopherol, aliphatic alcohol (including policosanol), squalene, phytosterols and triterpene contents were performed by GC-MS. A high yield (3.1-4.2%) of unsaponifiable matter was obtained and consistent levels of squalene (up to 800 mg/kg) and policosanol (118-185 mg/kg) were noticed. β-sitosterol (up to 8069 mg/kg) and cycloartenol (5916-7766 mg/kg) were predominant in phytosterol and triterpene fractions, while β- and δ-tocopherol were the most abundant vitamin E forms. Some minor variations were noticed between samples. From the results obtained, it can be suggested that the seed oil of P. granatum can be considered an interesting alimentary source of substances of nutraceutical value involved in the modulation of cholesterol metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Industriale, Università degli Studi di Parma, Viale G. Usberti 17A, 43100 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Augusta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caligiani
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonzanini
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palla
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cirlini
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruni
mesh_terms: D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000032:analysis; D055951:Functional Food; D029561:Lythraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000032:analysis; D013185:Squalene / Q000032:analysis; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000032:analysis; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D024503:beta-Tocopherol / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D012855:Sitosterols; D014315:Triterpenes; C080710:policosanol; C025473:gamma-sitosterol; D013185:Squalene; D024503:beta-Tocopherol; C479072:delta-tocopherol; D024505:Tocopherols; C100089:cycloartenol