title: Mortality in red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) associated with exudative dermatitis.
abstract: Red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) found dead or dying on the Isle of Wight and the island of Jersey were suffering from exudative, ulcerative dermatitis and superficial staphylococcal pyoderma. The principal gross lesions were on the lips, eyelids and feet and showed similarities to those of squirrelpox. The histopathological lesions were also similar and, although there was no ballooning degeneration of epidermal cells, intracytoplasmic inclusions resembling those seen in poxvirus infections were present. Examination of lesions by electron microscopy failed to identify any virions, and PCR analysis for squirrelpox virus proved negative. The skin lesions also resembled those of mange, but although numerous mites were present in the fur these were mostly Dermacarus sciurinus with small numbers of Metalistrophorus pagenstecheri. The occurrence of these species on red squirrels in Britain is confirmed, but neither is pathogenic and they were not considered to have been involved in the pathogenesis of the dermatitis, the primary cause of which was not established.
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Veterinary Investigation Centre, Chacewater, Truro, Cornwall TR4 8PB. wildlife.vic@rmplc.co.uk
authors.forename: V R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hargreaves
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Everest
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Booth
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Blackett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D008047:Lip Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000662:veterinary; D008925:Mites; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011711:Pyoderma / Q000662:veterinary; D012589:Sciuridae / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology