title: The influence of ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member -1 (ABCB1) genetic polymorphisms on acute and chronic pain after intrathecal morphine for caesarean section: a prospective cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms of the ATP-binding cassette sub-family B member -1 (ABCB1) gene that codes for P-glycoprotein could influence the efflux of morphine from the central nervous system affecting its analgesic action. We investigated the effect of ABCB1 gene polymorphisms on analgesia and the development of persistent pain in post caesarean patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women of Chinese descent who received spinal anaesthesia with intrathecal morphine for elective caesarean section were recruited. They were given intravenous morphine via a patient-controlled analgesia pump for postoperative analgesia. Blood samples were collected and analysed for the presence of C1236T, G2677T/A and C3435T single nucleotide polymorphisms of the ABCB1 gene. We primarily investigated the association between ABCB1 polymorphisms and the effect of morphine. In a postpartum phone survey of the subjects six months after surgery, the occurrence of persistent abdominal wound scar pain was established.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant statistical difference in total morphine consumption, pain scores and side effects among the various genotypes. For C3435T polymorphism, there was a trend towards the association of the T allele and persistent pain for three months after surgery but this did not reach statistical significance (P=0.07). The TT genotype had the longest mean survival time of wound pain in comparison with CT and CC genotypes (P=0.004 and P=0.014, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms of ABCB1 were not associated with differences in morphine use in the first 24h after surgery. Women with the T allele of C3435T polymorphism showed a trend towards a higher risk of developing persistent postoperative pain.
authors.affiliation: KK Research Centre, Department of Women's Anaesthesia, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore. Alex.Sia.TH@kkh.com.sg
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Sia
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Sng
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011537:Pruritus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology; D012846:Singapore
chemical_list: C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1