title: Phase 1-2 trial of PTK787/ZK222584 combined with intravenous doxorubicin for treatment of patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: implication for antiangiogenic approach to hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This phase 1-2 trial assessed the efficacy and tolerability of an oral angiogenesis inhibitor-PTK787/ZK222584 (PTK)-in combination with intravenous doxorubicin for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In phase 1, advanced HCC patients received PTK at escalating doses together with doxorubicin 60 mg/m2 given as an intravenous bolus every 3 weeks to establish the maximum tolerated dose (MTD). Subsequently, in phase 2, all patients received the same regimen with oral PTK at the MTD dose every 3 weeks for a maximum of 6 cycles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients were recruited in phase 1, with the MTD established as 750 mg daily. Overall, 27 patients received the regimen with PTK at 750 mg daily. The median age was 52 years (range, 23-73 years), and 63 percent of patients were chronic hepatitis B carriers. Notably, the majority of patients had Child-Pugh B cirrhosis. The overall response rate was 26.0%, with all the responding patients having partial response. Another 20% of patients achieved stable disease for at least 12 weeks. The median progression-free survival was 5.4 months (range, 0.27-23.6 months), and overall survival was 7.3 months (range, 0.8-23.6 months). The commonest grade 3 or 4 nonhematological toxicities were mucositis (11%) and alopecia (7%), respectively. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was observed in 7 (26%) patients; 2 had neutropenic sepsis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of PTK with intravenous doxorubicin shows encouraging activity in treating advanced HCC patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yau
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Kelvin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ronnie T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Poon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010793:Phthalazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D010793:Phthalazines; D011725:Pyridines; C404768:vatalanib; D004317:Doxorubicin