title: Disability burden due to stroke in Western Australia: new insights from linked data sources.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The disability-adjusted life year index is used extensively to compare disease burden among diseases and locations, but difficulties remain in accurately estimating the nonfatal stroke burden in years lived with disability.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To improve stroke-related years lived with disability estimates in Western Australia for 2000, by improving the accuracy of component inputs: nonfatal (28-day survivor) incidence, disease duration and disability (severity) weights.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonfatal stroke incidence and the mortality difference between prevalent cases and the general population were estimated from linked hospital and mortality data using the Western Australian Data Linkage System. dismod software used these inputs to model disease duration. Disability weights were estimated from population-based stroke survey data, using indirect health valuation methods and adjusting for prestroke disability. Years lived with disability were calculated from the three components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The annual age-standardised nonfatal incidence (n=1985) was higher in males (121/100,000) than females (96/100,000). The duration varied between 35.8 (females 15-24 years) and 3.4 years (males 85+ years). The mean pre-stroke-adjusted disability weight was higher at 4-months (0.38) than at 12-months (0.31). The age-standardised rate of nonfatal burden in males (302/100,000; 95% CI 290-314) was significantly higher than that in females (250/100,000; 95% CI 240-260). The nonfatal proportion of stroke burden (males 45%; females 37%) was higher than estimated in previous studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study illustrates that previous reports most likely underestimated disability burden as a contributor to the total stroke burden in Australia. Methodological refinements will contribute to burden of disease studies elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: Centre for International Health, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA, Australia. j.katzenellenbogen@curtin.edu.au
authors.forename: Judith M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Katzenellenbogen
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Begg
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Somerford
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: James B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Semmens
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Codde
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D014904:Western Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult