title: Antioxidant and antibacterial activities on foodborne pathogens of Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam. (Moraceae) leaves extracts.
abstract: Total water extract, ethyl acetate, and aqueous fractions from the leaves of Artocarpus heterophyllus were evaluated for phenolic content, antioxidant, and antibacterial activities against some foodborne pathogens such as E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enterica, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) of extract and fractions determined by the agar dilution method were ranged from 221.9 microg/mL for ethyl acetate fraction to 488.1 microg/mL for total extract. In the agar diffusion method the diameters of inhibition were 12.2 for the total extract, 10.7 and 11.5 for ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions, respectively. A. heterophyllus showed significant antioxidant activity tested in different in vitro systems (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and Fe(2+) chelating activity assay). In particular, in DPPH assay A. heterophyllus total extract exhibited a strong antiradical activity with an IC(50) value of 73.5 microg/mL while aqueous fraction exerted the highest activity in FRAP assay (IC(50) value of 72.0 microg/mL). The total phenols content by Folin-Ciocalteau method was determined with the purpose of testing its relationship with the antioxidant and antibacterial activities.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nutrition and Health Sciences, Univ. of Calabria, 87036 Rende (CS), Italy. mr.loizzo@unical.it
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loizzo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tundis
authors.forename: U G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Chandrika
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abeysekera
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menichini
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Frega
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031622:Artocarpus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; C007650:ethyl acetate