Molecular identification of the causative agent of human strongyloidiasis acquired in Tanzania: dispersal and diversity of Strongyloides spp. and their hosts.
In order to identify the causative agent of imported strongyloidiasis found in a Japanese mammalogist, who participated in a field survey in Tanzania, the hyper-variable region IV (HVR-IV) of 18S ribosomal DNA and partial mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) were analyzed and compared with Strongyloides fuelleborni collected from apes and monkeys of Africa and Japan, and S. stercoralis from humans, apes and dogs. The HVR-IV and cox1 of the patient's worms were identical to or only slightly differed from those of worms parasitic in Tanzanian chimpanzees and yellow baboons, demonstrating that the patient acquired the infection during her field survey in Tanzania. Phylogenetic analysis with the maximum-likelihood method largely divided isolates of S. fuelleborni into three groups, which corresponded to geographical localities but not to host species. Meanwhile, isolates of S. stercoralis were grouped by the phylogenetic analysis into dog-parasitic and primate-parasitic clades, and not to geographical regions. It is surmised that subspeciation has occurred in S. fuelleborni during the dispersal of primates in Africa and Asia, while worldwide dispersal of S. stercoralis seems to have occurred more recently by migration and the activities of modern humans.
Hasegawa
Hideo
H
Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan. hasegawa@oita-u.ac.jp
Sato
Hiroshi
H
Fujita
Shiho
S
Nguema
Pierre Philippe Mbehang
PP
Nobusue
Kenichi
K
Miyagi
Kei
K
Kooriyama
Takanori
T
Takenoshita
Yuji
Y
Noda
Shohei
S
Sato
Akiko
A
Morimoto
Azusa
A
Ikeda
Yatsukaho
Y
Nishida
Toshisada
T
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D018420:Ape Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000032:analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D013321:Strongyloides / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D013322:Strongyloidiasis / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000662:veterinary; D013636:Tanzania
D018509:DNA, Helminth; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1