title: The seed of abundance and misery Peruvian living standards from the early republican period to the end of the guano era (1820-1880).
abstract: This paper examines 19th-century Peruvian heights from the early republican period to the end of the guano era (1820-1880). Analyzing male and female prisoner heights from the Lima penitentiary, we find that the physical stature of the lower classes stagnated throughout the period. In spite of the substantial profits generated by Peru's chief export product, guano, these revenues apparently did not filter down to benefit ordinary laborers.
authors.affiliation: University of Tuebingen, Mohlstrasse 36, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany. linda.twrdek@uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Twrdek
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Manzel
mesh_terms: D001827:Body Height; D003132:Commerce / Q000266:history; D057217:Economic Development / Q000266:history*; D004651:Employment / Q000191:economics / Q000266:history; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000208:ethnology / Q000266:history / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010568:Peru; D011329:Prisoners / Q000266:history / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class / Q000266:history*