title: The timing of perinatal hypoxia/ischemia events in term neonates: a retrospective autopsy study. HSPs, ORP-150 and COX2 are reliable markers to classify acute, perinatal events.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The understanding of the cellular responses implicated in perinatal brain damages and the characterization of the various mechanisms involved might open new horizons for understanding the time of onset of a brain hypoxic-ischemic lesion and for effective therapeutic strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed an immunohistochemical investigation on brain and brainstem sections of 47 peripartum deaths. The gradation and localization of the expression of antibodies such as TNFalpha, IL-1beta, IL-6, HSPs, beta APP, anti-TrypH, GAP43, GFAP, COX2, ORP-150, could be correlated with an hypoxic-ischemic damage to document a significant correlation between response and the time of onset acute (</=8 hs) or non-acute (>/=8 hs </=48 hs).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In non-acute cases HSP70 reaction was prominent in the neuron cytoplasm, while in acute cases a mild reaction was evident in sporadic fields. HSP90 exhibited a similar pattern of positivity as HSP70. In acute group, ORP150 expressed an intense reaction showing a granular pattern in the cytoplasm of the neurons in the cortex of the infarcted areas. In non-acute group the positive reaction was more intense in astrocytes and less extended in neurons. COX2 reaction exhibited the strongest positive reaction in the neuronal cell bodies of acute cases, while a immunolabeling was prominent in the glial cytoplasm in the non-acute cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chaperones HSP70 and 90, ORP-150 reaction, and COX2 protein, have provided very interesting results. These results would suggest to the clinicians to extend the differential diagnosis of a too large perinatal hypoxic-ischemic insult category to delineate a more accurate chronological judgement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Pathology, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riezzo
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Stefano
authors.forename: Ezio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fulcheri
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: Cristoforo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pomara
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabozzi
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Turillazzi
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fineschi
mesh_terms: D001344:Autopsy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000032:analysis*; D005865:Gestational Age; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D011506:Proteins; C050087:oxygen-regulated proteins; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human