title: Effect of hydraulic retention time on continuous biocatalytic calcification reactor.
abstract: High calcium concentrations in the wastewaters are problematic, because they lead to clogging of pipelines, boilers and heat exchangers through scaling (as carbonate, sulfate or phosphate precipitates), or malfunctioning of aerobic and anaerobic reactors. As a remedy to this problem, the industry typically uses chemical crystallization reactors which are efficient but often require complex monitoring and control and, as a drawback, can give rise to highly alkaline effluents. Biomineralization are emerging as alternative mechanisms for the removal of calcium from aqueous environments. Biocatalytic calcification reactors (BCR) utilize microbial urea hydrolysis by bacteria for the removal of calcium, as calcite, from industrial wastewater. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) effect on calcium removal was studied with a continuous feed BCR reactor treating a simulated pulp paper wastewater. Study showed that HRT is important parameter and HRT of 5-6 h is optimum for calcium removal from calcium-rich wastewaters.
authors.affiliation: Aksaray University Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Aksaray, Turkey. misik@aksaray.edu.tr
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Altaş
authors.forename: Yakup
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurmaç
authors.forename: Samet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Ozcan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oruç
mesh_terms: D055162:Biocatalysis; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D002118:Calcium