title: Up-regulation of licochalcone A biosynthesis and secretion by Tween 80 in hairy root cultures of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.
abstract: We evaluated the effect of Tween 80 as elicitor on licochalcone A from hairy root cultures of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. After a 15-days treatment with 2% Tween 80, hairy roots still grew well and produced higher levels of licochalcone A and total flavonoids than the control (without treatment). Licochalcone A content and total flavonoid content were 3.103 and 127.095 mg per flask (9- and 11-fold higher), respectively, compared with controls. Secretion of licochalcone A and total flavonoids into the culture medium was remarkably high, up to 98 and 94% of the total production, respectively. The enhanced flavonoid production was associated with elevated mRNA levels and enzyme activities of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), 4-coumarate:coenzyme A ligase (4CL), and cinnamate-4-hydroxylase (C4H). These results clearly demonstrated that Tween 80 treatment permeabilized the roots to enhance secretion, but also acted as an efficient elicitor of licochalcone A and total flavonoid production in hairy roots of G. uralensis Fisch.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breeding and Genetics, China Pharmaceutical University, 210038, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Chao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing-Mei
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chun-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Hong-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shan-Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D047188:Chalcones / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003066:Coenzyme A Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D029882:Glycyrrhiza uralensis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000737:chemistry*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D047188:Chalcones; D003470:Culture Media; D011136:Polysorbates; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase; D003066:Coenzyme A Ligases; C070840:licochalcone A