title: A comparison of anesthetic complications between diabetic and nondiabetic dogs undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery: a retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the incidence of anesthetic complications in diabetic and nondiabetic dogs undergoing general anesthesia and phacoemulsification cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical and anesthetic records of all dogs undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery at Davies Veterinary Specialists between 2005 and 2008 were reviewed. Anesthetic records were evaluated by an ECVAA Diplomate. Dogs for which records were incomplete were excluded. The anesthetic technique, including all drugs administered in the perioperative period, was recorded. The anesthetic complications investigated included hypotension (MAP (mmHg): >or=55 none/mild; <or=54 moderate/severe), bradycardia (<60 bpm associated with hypotension) and hypothermia (esophageal temperature <36.7 degrees C). Where hypotension was present, the method of and response to treatment was recorded. The incidence of severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose >13.75 mmol/L (250 mg/dL)) in the diabetic group was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  66 diabetic and 64 nondiabetic dogs were included in the study. Diabetic dogs were more likely to develop moderate and severe intraoperative hypotension than nondiabetic dogs. Forty-four percent of diabetic dogs had at least one episode of severe hyperglycemia whilst anesthetized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetic dogs undergoing phacoemulsification are more likely to suffer the anesthetic complications of moderate and severe hypotension than nondiabetic dogs. The increased incidence and severity of hypotension in diabetic dogs may be explained by hypovolemia secondary to hyperglycemia and resultant osmotic diuresis.
authors.affiliation: Davies Veterinary Specialists, Manor Farm Business Park, Higham Gobion, Hertfordshire, SG5 3HR, UK. jaco@vetspecialists.co.uk
authors.forename: James A C
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Corletto
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gould
mesh_terms: D000075:Acepromazine / Q000009:adverse effects; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D002386:Cataract / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000009:adverse effects; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D000075:Acepromazine; D008691:Methadone; D015742:Propofol