title: Comparative evaluation of tensile bond strengths of total-etch adhesives and self-etch adhesives with single and multiple consecutive applications: An in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates the effect of single and multiple consecutive applications of adhesives on the tensile bond strength. The currently available adhesives follow either the total-etch or the self-etch concept. However, in both techniques the uniformity and thickness of the adhesive layer plays a significant role in the development of a good bond.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty composite-dentin bonded specimens were prepared using a total-etch adhesive (Gluma) and another 60 using a self-etch adhesive (AdheSE). Each group was further divided into six subgroups based on the number of applications, i.e., single application and multiple (2, 3, 4, 6, and 8) applications. The tensile bond strength was tested with the Instron universal testing machine. The values were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and multiple range tests by Tukey's HSD procedure to identify those subgroups that had significantly higher bond strength.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results indicate that with total-etch adhesive the bond strength increases significantly as the number of applications are increased from one to two or from two to three", for self-etch adhesive the bond strength obtained with two applications is significantly higher than that with one application. However, for both adhesive systems, there was a decrease in the tensile bond strength values with further applications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that, in the clinical setting, the application of multiple coats of total etch adhesive improves bonding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Narayana Dental College, Nellore Dist., Andhra Pradesh, India.
authors.forename: Deepthi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mandava
authors.forename: Ajitha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: P
authors.forename: L Lakshmi
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Narayanan