title: Family incidence of endometriosis in first-, second-, and third-degree relatives: case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Initial publications examining the hereditary aspects of endometriosis appeared in the early seventies and demonstrated an up to seven-fold risk for endometriosis in first-degree relatives of endometriosis patients. The aim was to evaluate the influence of hereditary aspects on the endometriosis risk in our patient collective.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective cohort study we evaluated the incidence of endometriosis among first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of endometriosis patients and compare it with its incidence among first-, second-, and third-degree relatives of patients without endometriosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty patients in whom endometriosis had been confirmed laparoscopically and histologically by biopsy and 60 patients in whom no endometriosis had been found during laparoscopy were given a questionnaire about the presence of symptoms associated with endometriosis and its family incidence. Patients of both the endometriosis and the control group were 37.7 +/- 6.2 and 45.9 +/- 12.0 years of age at the time of the interview, respectively (p < 0.05). Information about the presence of endometriosis was more readily available for relatives of those in the endometriosis group than for those in the control group (325/749 [43.4%] vs. 239/425 [56.2%], p < 0.05). In 5/136 (3.7%) and 8/134 (6.0%) first-degree relatives of endometriosis patients and the control group, respectively, information about the presence of endometriosis was not available (p = 0.554). Endometriosis was found in 8/136 (5.9%) first-degree relatives of patients and in 4/134 (3.0%) first-degree relatives of controls in the real-case analysis (p = 0.248). When comparing endometriosis characteristics between endometriosis patients with and without a history of familial endometriosis, no significant differences were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a trend toward an increased familial incidence of endometriosis. In contrast to the literature, we found a less dramatic increase in familial risk for the development of endometriosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. kazem.nouri@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Kazem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nouri
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ott
authors.forename: Birgitt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krupitz
authors.forename: Johannes C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wenzl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005190:Family; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies