[Fate of children born to HIV positive mothers followed in the context of preventing mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Togo. Study of 1042 infants].
The purpose of this study is to analyze the fate of children born to HIV-positive mothers and to determine the impact of feeding options on the HIV status of the children in preventing mother-to-child transmission sites (PMTCT) in Togo. It was a retrospective and descriptive study, focused on medical files of 1042 children of both sexes aged from 0 to 59 months born to HIV-positive mothers and registered in the PMTCT sites between January 2004 and December 2008. Our study was conducted in seven PMTCT sites located in four of the six health regions in the country. We analyzed a total of 1042 medical files in seven PMTCT sites selected. The majority of children were born vaginally (77.4%). Antiretroviral prophylaxis most used in the mothers and/or the children was nevirapine in 86% of the cases. Breastfeeding (49%) was dominated by milk substitutes (50%). Globally, dropout rate was 52.2% (525), with 44.9% (408) at six months and 65.09% (483) at 12 months. At 12 months, 196 of 742 children (26.4%) had their retroviral serology. Among them, we have 5.6% overall rate of HIV infection. The transmission rate in the group of children breastfed was 5.9% (six children infected out of 102) and 8.5% in the group of children fed by formula milk (seven children out of 82). Death occurred in half of the cases (8 of 16) during the first two months of life. Follow-up was the major issue in monitoring children born to HIV-infected mothers. The HIV transmission rate is very high, irrespective of the feeding method.
Lawson-Evi
K
K
Service de pédiatrie CHU de Tokoin, université de Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
Mouhari-Toure
A
A
Tchama
R
R
Akakpo
S A
SA
Atakouma
D Y
DY
Beauvais
L
L
Pitche
P
P
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014037:Togo
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019829:Nevirapine