title: Amperometric sensor for cyanide utilizing cyanidase and formate dehydrogenase.
abstract: An amperometric sensor for the detection of cyanide integrated in a flow injection analysis (FIA) system is presented. The specificity of the sensor for cyanide is achieved by a reaction cascade involving two enzymes, cyanidase (EC 3.5.5.1) and formate dehydrogenase (FDH, EC 1.2.1.2). The limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were determined to be in the low micromolar range. The sensor showed very good long term stability and the linear range of detection extends from 0.7 up to 800 microM. The sensor's ability to measure cyanide in complex matrices, such as plant extracts, is demonstrated. Although the sensor is susceptible to formate and to a lesser extent to thiocyanate, sulfide does not interfere significantly.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Marburg, Marbacher Weg 6, 35037 Marburg, Germany. ketterer@staff.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ketterer
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keusgen
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D003486:Cyanides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D004867:Equipment Design; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D005560:Formate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry*; D044223:Pseudomonas stutzeri / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D003486:Cyanides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005560:Formate Dehydrogenases; D006867:Hydrolases; C070397:cyanidase