title: Association between polymorphisms in Wnt signaling pathway genes and bone mineral density in postmenopausal Korean women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in Wnt signal pathway genes and circulating osteoprotegerin (OPG), soluble receptor activator of the nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL) levels, bone turnover markers, and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal Korean women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wnt9a c256G>A; low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5 c266A>G, c2245C>G, c3893C>T, and c4099G>A; secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP) 4 c1019G>A; axin II c148C>T and c1615G>A; glycogen synthase kinase binding protein (GBP) c455C>A; β-catenin c94G>T and c101G>T; T-cell factor 1 c663G>T, c734C>T, and c766G>A; and adenomatous polyposis coli c5465T>A polymorphisms were analyzed in 392 postmenopausal Korean women. Serum levels of OPG, sRANKL, and bone turnover markers were measured, and BMDs at the lumbar spine and femoral neck were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wnt9a c256G>A, LRP5 c2245C>G and c4099G>A, axin II c1615G>A, GBP c455C>A, β-catenin c94G>T and c101G>T, and T-cell factor 1 c663G>T and c734C>T single nucleotide polymorphisms were not observed. Among the genes showing polymorphisms, only the sFRP4 c1019G>A polymorphism was associated with BMD. The AA genotype in the sFRP4 c1019G>A polymorphism showed significantly lower lumbar spine BMD and a higher serum bone alkaline phosphatase level than did the GG genotype and showed a 6.39 times higher risk for osteoporosis at the lumbar spine compared with the GG genotype. No significant differences in bone turnover markers, OPG, and sRANKL were detected among the other single genotypes or the LRP haplotype genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the sFRP4 c1019G>A polymorphism may be one of the genetic factors affecting lumbar spine BMD in postmenopausal Korean women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong-Yun
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hoon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Yup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Seok Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jung Gu
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000368:Aged; D060466:Axin Protein; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D060492:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-5; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D056910:Republic of Korea; D051822:T Cell Transcription Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics; D000094742:Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins
chemical_list: D060466:Axin Protein; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; D060492:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-5; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051822:T Cell Transcription Factor 1; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; C491761:AXIN2 protein, human; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; C555482:LRP5 protein, human; C512806:NIN protein, human; C118723:SFRP4 protein, human; D000094742:Secreted Frizzled-Related Proteins; C110670:WNT9A protein, human