title: MicroRNA-221 and microRNA-222 regulate gastric carcinoma cell proliferation and radioresistance by targeting PTEN.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MicroRNAs (miRNAs) can function as either oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes via regulation of cell proliferation and/or apoptosis. MiR-221 and miR-222 were discovered to induce cell growth and cell cycle progression via direct targeting of p27 and p57 in various human malignancies. However, the roles of miR-221 and miR-222 have not been reported in human gastric cancer. In this study, we examined the impact of miR-221 and miR-222 on human gastric cancer cells, and identified target genes for miR-221 and miR-222 that might mediate their biology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 was transfected with AS-miR-221/222 or transduced with pMSCV-miR-221/222 to knockdown or restore expression of miR-221 and miR-222, respectively. The effects of miR-221 and miR-222 were then assessed by cell viability, cell cycle analysis, apoptosis, transwell, and clonogenic assay. Potential target genes were identified by Western blot and luciferase reporter assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Upregulation of miR-221 and miR-222 induced the malignant phenotype of SGC7901 cells, whereas knockdown of miR-221 and miR-222 reversed this phenotype via induction of PTEN expression. In addition, knockdonwn of miR-221 and miR-222 inhibited cell growth and invasion and increased the radiosensitivity of SGC7901 cells. Notably, the seed sequence of miR-221 and miR-222 matched the 3'UTR of PTEN, and introducing a PTEN cDNA without the 3'UTR into SGC7901 cells abrogated the miR-221 and miR-222-induced malignant phenotype. PTEN-3'UTR luciferase reporter assay confirmed PTEN as a direct target of miR-221 and miR-222.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that miR-221 and miR-222 regulate radiosensitivity, and cell growth and invasion of SGC7901 cells, possibly via direct modulation of PTEN expression. Our study suggests that inhibition of miR-221 and miR-222 might form a novel therapeutic strategy for human gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital and Lab of Neuro-oncology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin 300052, China.
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chun-Zhi
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: An-Ling
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yan-Chao
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Wang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Guang-Xiu
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhi-Fan
authors.forename: Pu
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pei-Yu
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Qing-Yu
authors.forename: Kang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chun-Sheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005720:Gamma Rays; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000502:physiology*; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C525709:MIR221, human; C525710:MIR222, human; C494929:PTEN protein, human