title: Systematic preservation of the ossicular chain in cholesteatoma surgery using a fiber-guided laser.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  1. To investigate whether systematic preservation of the intact ossicular chain in cholesteatoma surgery provides better hearing than dismantling the chain and reconstructing it. 2. To determine whether systematic preservation of the ossicular chain in cholesteatoma surgery can be performed safely.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal parallel group study.
  
  
  METHODS
  District general hospital and private hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults and children who underwent primary intact canal wall cholesteatoma surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group A: Laser-assisted cholesteatoma surgery resulting in an intact ossicular chain. Group B: Laser-assisted cholesteatoma surgery resulting in a disrupted chain and an ossiculoplasty onto an intact stapes superstructure.
  
  
  METHODS
  1a. Conductive hearing loss (four frequency air-bone gap). 1b. Patient-orientated outcome (Belfast Rules of Thumb). 2a. Change in bone conduction threshold (four frequencies). 2b. Residual cholesteatoma rate. 2c. Rate of facial palsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were eighty ears in Group A and sixty-nine in group B.The median hearing loss for Group A is 11.44 dB HL.The median hearing loss for Group B is 15.63 dB HL. (p = 0.001). Seventy out of eighty ears in Group A and forty-six out of sixty-nine ears in Group B fulfilled the Belfast Rule of Thumb. (p = 0.002). The null hypothesis is rejected for both of the hearing outcome measures.The two groups did not significantly differ in respect of any of the risk assessment measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fibre-guided laser allows the cholesteatoma surgeon to preserve the ossicular chain in a systematic manner which is both safe and of benefit to the patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Trust, Gloucester, England, United Kingdom. john.hamilton@glos.nhs.uk
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hamilton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000601:surgery*; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000601:surgery; D004429:Ear Ossicles / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006314:Hearing Loss, Conductive / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055100:Optical Fibers; D013506:Otologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012308:Risk Management; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult