title: Rat ovarian follicle bioassay reveals adverse effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) exposure on follicle development and oocyte maturation.
abstract: Rat ovarian follicle culture, as a novel bioassay, is adopted in this study to explore the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCL(2)) on folliculogenesis and oocyte maturation in vitro; the feasibility for its application on detection of possible effects of chemicals on reproduction is discussed and evaluated as well. The results showed that follicle growth, differentiation, and steroidogenesis were significantly disturbed by ≥ 1.2 μg/mL CdCl(2). The germinal vesicle breakdown of oocyte was also disturbed dose-dependently after the culture follicles were exposed to ≥ 1.6 μg/mL CdCl(2). Exposure to CdCl(2) with concentrations of 1.6 μg/mL on day 2 had caused significant reduced (p < 0.05) survival rate and rate of antral follicles, and increased abnormal follicle rate significantly, compared to the group exposed on day 6. Rat preantral follicle culture is a potential tool to assess the hazards of chemical compounds on female fertility and can be used to elucidate their mechanisms of actions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Toxicology, Faculty of Basic Medicine Science, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Xuying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Jiangbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yongfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yuping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xili
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yiwen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Tianbao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D019256:Cadmium Chloride