Influence of glycemic control on the development of diabetic cardiovascular and kidney disease.
Diabetes mellitus leads to the development of a host of micro- and macrovascular complications, which collectively lead to substantial morbidity and mortality. Among the microvascular complications of diabetes, diabetic kidney disease is the most common. Macrovascular complications from diabetes lead to a 2- to 4-fold increase in the incidence of cardiovascular disease and up to twice the mortality from cardiovascular causes as compared with nondiabetic individuals. This article discusses the various drug classes used to treat diabetes mellitus, and reviews the current clinical evidence linking glycemic control using these drug classes on diabetic kidney and cardiovascular disease.
Saha
Sandeep A
SA
Providence Medical Research Center, Spokane, WA 99204, USA. sahas@uw.edu
Tuttle
Katherine R
KR
D020909:Acarbose / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001645:Biguanides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D000075202:Contraindications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
D001645:Biguanides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D020909:Acarbose