title: [Risk assessment of renal dysfunction caused by occupational lead exposure].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the risk of renal dysfunction caused by occupational lead exposure through epidemiological investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The workers in a battery factory were selected as the subjects for the exposure and effect assessment. The occupational environmental monitoring data was collected and used to calculate the total external dose of lead. The relationship between external dose and internal dose of lead was analyzed. The external dose, blood lead (BPb) and urinary lead (UPb) were used as exposure biomarkers while the urinary N-acetyl-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG), and urinary albumin (UALB) were used as the effect biomarkers for the renal dysfunction caused by lead. Software of BMDS (BMDS 11311) was used to calculate BMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The external and internal does of lead was positively correlated (BPb: r = 0.466, P < 0.01; UPb: r = 0.383, P < 0.01). The levels of BPb, UPb in exposure group (654.03 microg/L, 143.45 microg/g Cr) were significantly higher than those in the control group (57.12 microg/L, 7.20 microg/g Cr), so were UALB, UNAG; in addition, all of them presented significant dose-response relationship. The BPb BMD of UALB, UNAG were 607.76, 362.56 microg/L respectively and the UPb BMD of UALB, UNAG were 117.79, 78.79 microg/gCr respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Occupational lead exposure can cause renal dysfunction, which presents dose-response relationship; the risk assessment of renal dysfunction caused by occupational lead exposure is performed by BMD calculation of BPb and UPb.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Li-ting
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Li-jian
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Xiu-li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Tai-yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Wei-jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Hui-qi
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-hai
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007854:Lead