title: Using biological effects tools to define Good Environmental Status under the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive.
abstract: The use of biological effects tools offer enormous potential to meet the challenges outlined by the European Union Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) whereby Member States are required to develop a robust set of tools for defining 11 qualitative descriptors of Good Environmental Status (GES), such as demonstrating that "Concentrations of contaminants are at levels not giving rise to pollution effects" (GES Descriptor 8). This paper discusses the combined approach of monitoring chemical contaminant levels, along side biological effect measurements relating to the effect of pollutants, for undertaking assessments of GES across European marine regions. We outline the minimum standards that biological effects tools should meet if they are to be used for defining GES in relation to Descriptor 8 and describe the current international initiatives underway to develop assessment criteria for these biological effects techniques.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environment, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth Laboratory, Barrack Road, The Nothe, Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8UB, United Kingdom. brett.lyons@cefas.co.uk
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Thain
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Stentiford
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hylland
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Vethaak
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005062:European Union / Q000458:organization & administration*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D008954:Models, Biological; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants