Engineering bone formation from human dental pulp- and periodontal ligament-derived cells.
A robust method for inducing bone formation from cultured dental mesenchymal cells has not been established. In this study, a method for generating bone tissue in vivo from cultured human dental pulp- and periodontal ligament-derived cells (DPCs and PDLCs, respectively) was designed using exogenous bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2). DPCs and PDLCs showed enhanced alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcified nodule formation in medium containing dexamethasone, β-glycerophosphate, and ascorbic acid (osteogenic medium). However, the addition of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP2) to osteogenic medium remarkably increased ALP activity and in vitro calcification above the increases observed with osteogenic medium alone. rhBMP2 also significantly upregulated the expression of osteocalcin, osteopontin, and dentin matrix protein 1 mRNA in both cell types cultured in osteogenic medium. Finally, we detected prominent bone-like tissue formation in vivo when cells had been exposed to rhBMP2 in osteogenic medium. In contrast, treatments with osteogenic medium or rhBMP2 alone could not induce abundant mineralized tissue formation. We propose here that treatment with rhBMP2 in osteogenic medium can make dental mesenchymal tissues a highly useful source of cells for bone tissue engineering. In addition, both DPCs and PDLCs showed similar and remarkable osteo-inducibility.
Ikeda
Hideyoshi
H
Department of Regenerative Oral Surgery, Unit of Translational Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8588, Japan.
Sumita
Yoshinori
Y
Ikeda
Mihoko
M
Ikeda
Hisazumi
H
Okumura
Teruhito
T
Sakai
Eiko
E
Nishimura
Masahiro
M
Asahina
Izumi
I
D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2