title: Ethylene is involved in stress responses induced by fusicoccin in sycamore cultured cells.
abstract: The phytohormone ethylene is involved in many physiological and developmental processes of plants, as well as in stress responses and in the development of disease resistance. Fusicoccin (FC) is a well-known phytotoxin, that in sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cultured cells, induces a set of stress responses, including synthesis of ethylene. In this study, we investigated the possible involvement of ethylene in the FC-induced stress responses of sycamore cells by means of Co(2+), a well-known specific inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis. Co(2+) inhibited the accumulation of dead cells in the culture, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and of the molecular chaperone Binding Protein (BiP) in the endoplasmic reticulum induced by FC. By contrast, Co(2+) was ineffective on the FC-induced accumulation of cells with fragmented DNA, production of H(2)O(2) and release of cytochrome c from the mitochondrion, and only partially reduced the accumulation of regulative 14-3-3 proteins in the cytosol. In addition, we compared the effect of FC on the above parameters with that of the ethylene-releasing compound ethephon (2-chloroethane phosphonic acid). The results suggest that ethylene is involved in several stress responses induced by FC in sycamore cells, including a form of cell death that does not show apoptotic features and possibly involves NO as a signaling molecule.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biotecnologie e Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy. massimo.malerba@unimib.it
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malerba
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Crosti
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cerana
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D031002:Acer / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003035:Cobalt / Q000633:toxicity; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000633:toxicity*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D005030:Ethylenes; D006027:Glycosides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010940:Plant Proteins; C007808:fusicoccin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D003035:Cobalt; D045304:Cytochromes c; C036216:ethylene; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C005073:ethephon