title: Immunohistochemical detection of autotaxin (ATX)/lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) in submucosal invasive colorectal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autotaxin (ATX) is molecularly identical to lysophospholipase D (lysoPLD) and is a main enzyme producing lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), which mediates a broad range of cellular responses including stimulation of cell motility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using immunohistochemical staining, we examined the expression of ATX/lysoPLD in 98 cases of early colorectal cancer with submucosal invasion. ATX/lysoPLD was highly expressed in infiltrating cells in tumor tissue in the submucosal layer, which were characterized as mast cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of ATX/lysoPLD-positive cells was significantly greater in tumors with a macroscopically depressed lesion than in tumors without depression. The density of ATX/lysoPLD-positive cells tended to have a positive correlation with microvessel vascular density (MVD), while it was not correlated with vessel invasion and nodal metastases as well as lymphovascular vessel density (LVD).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that local production of LPA through ATX/lysoPLD may weakly correlate with formation of a depressive lesion and tumor angiogenesis in the early stage of colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan. kaz-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kazama
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kitayama
authors.forename: Junken
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagawa
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D000099189:Lysophospholipase D
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D000099189:Lysophospholipase D