title: Multiphoton microscopy with near infrared contrast agents.
abstract: While multiphoton microscopy (MPM) has been performed with a wide range of excitation wavelengths, fluorescence emission has been limited to the visible spectrum. We introduce a paradigm for MPM of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent molecular probes via nonlinear excitation at 1550 nm. This all-NIR system expands the range of available MPM fluorophores, virtually eliminates background autofluorescence, and allows for use of fiber-based, turnkey ultrafast lasers developed for telecommunications.
authors.forename: Siavash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yazdanfar
authors.forename: Chulmin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Mikhail Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Berezin
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Akers
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Achilefu
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000737:chemistry*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007834:Lasers; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes