title: Human papillomavirus-mediated carcinogenesis and HPV-associated oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Part 1: human papillomavirus-mediated carcinogenesis.
abstract: High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncoproteins are essential factors for HPV-induced carcinogenesis, and for the maintenance of the consequent neoplastic growth. Cellular transformation is achieved by complex interaction of these oncogenes with several cellular factors of cell cycle regulation including p53, Rb, cyclin-CDK complexes, p21 and p27. Both persistent infection with high-risk HPV genotypes and immune dysregulation are associated with increased risk of HPV-induced squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, University of Limpopo, Medunsa Campus, South Africa. lfeller@ul.ac.za
authors.forename: Liviu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feller
authors.forename: Neil H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Razia A G
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Khammissa
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lemmer
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology*; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000821:virology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*