title: Banana peel extract mediated synthesis of gold nanoparticles.
abstract: Gold nanoparticles were synthesized by using banana peel extract (BPE) as a simple, non-toxic, eco-friendly 'green material'. The boiled, crushed, acetone precipitated, air-dried peel powder was used to reduce chloroauric acid. A variety of nanoparticles were formed when the reaction conditions were altered with respect to pH, BPE content, chloroauric acid concentration and temperature of incubation. The reaction mixtures displayed vivid colors and UV-vis spectra characteristic of gold nanoparticles. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) studies revealed that the average size of the nanoparticles under standard synthetic conditions was around 300nm. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) confirmed these results. A coffee ring phenomenon, led to the aggregation of the nanoparticles into microcubes and microwire networks towards the periphery of the air-dried samples. X-ray diffraction studies of the samples revealed spectra that were characteristic for gold. Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy indicated the involvement of carboxyl, amine and hydroxyl groups in the synthetic process. The BPE mediated nanoparticles displayed efficient antimicrobial activity towards most of the tested fungal and bacterial cultures.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, University of Pune, Ganeshkhind Road, Pune 411 007, India.
authors.forename: Ashok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bankar
authors.forename: Bhagyashree
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Ameeta Ravi
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zinjarde
mesh_terms: D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry; D021902:Enterobacter aerogenes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D017612:Gold Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010316:Particle Size; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders; D019163:Reducing Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002712:Chlorides; D017612:Gold Compounds; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011208:Powders; D019163:Reducing Agents; D006046:Gold; C024568:gold tetrachloride, acid