title: The relationship between hope, housing type, and housing characteristics among individuals with dual diagnoses.
abstract: OBJECTIVES: The current study examined whether individuals with dual diagnoses in different types of housing experience different levels of hope and whether hope is related to certain housing characteristics. METHODS: A total of 87 participants (65 in residential programs and 22 in independent apartments) responded to questionnaires about hope and current housing arrangements. RESULTS: Hope did not vary by housing type or housing characteristics. CONCLUSIONS: Clients in group housing may have as much hope as clients in apartments. Replication and future study is needed to better understand the relationship between housing and hope.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, Connecticut VA Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06514.
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsai