title: Simultaneous detection of trisomies 13, 18, and 21 with multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification-based real-time PCR.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trisomies 13, 18, and 21 account for the majority of chromosomal aneuploidies detected in prenatal diagnosis. Diagnosis of these trisomies relies mainly on karyotype analysis. Several molecular methods have been developed for trisomy detection, but performance or throughput limitations of these methods currently constrain their use in routine testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification-based real-time PCR (MLPA/rtPCR) to simultaneously detect these 3 trisomy conditions with a single reaction. We applied the method to DNA isolated from 144 blinded clinical samples that included 32 cases of trisomy 21, 11 cases of trisomy 18, 1 case of trisomy 13, and 100 unaffected control samples; results were compared with karyotype analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As judged by the results of the karyotype analysis, MLPA/rtPCR correctly detected all 44 cases of trisomy in the analysis of the blinded clinical samples. The method was able to detect a change in chromosome dosage as low as 1.2-fold.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This novel PCR-based technology simultaneously identified 3 types of trisomy in a single reaction and accurately detected trisomy with mosaicism, while reducing assay times and costs compared with conventional methods. The MLPA/rtPCR approach may have applicability in noninvasive prenatal diagnosis with maternal blood samples.
authors.affiliation: Engineering Research Centre of Molecular Diagnostics, Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Sciences and the Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Cell Biology and Tumor Cell Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
authors.forename: Qiwei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qingge
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D002882:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 / Q000235:genetics; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 / Q000235:genetics; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014314:Trisomy / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes