title: A binocular approach to treating amblyopia: antisuppression therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We developed a binocular treatment for amblyopia based on antisuppression therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A novel procedure is outlined for measuring the extent to which the fixing eye suppresses the fellow amblyopic eye. We hypothesize that suppression renders a structurally binocular system, functionally monocular.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrate using three strabismic amblyopes that information can be combined normally between their eyes under viewing conditions where suppression is reduced. Also, we show that prolonged periods of viewing (under the artificial conditions of stimuli of different contrast in each eye) during which information from the two eyes is combined leads to a strengthening of binocular vision in such cases and eventual combination of binocular information under natural viewing conditions (stimuli of the same contrast in each eye). Concomitant improvement in monocular acuity of the amblyopic eye occurs with this reduction in suppression and strengthening of binocular fusion. Furthermore, in each of the three cases, stereoscopic function is established.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This provides the basis for a new treatment of amblyopia, one that is purely binocular and aimed at reducing suppression as a first step.
authors.affiliation: McGill Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. robert.hess@mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mansouri
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000550:Amblyopia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity; D003867:Depth Perception; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000379:methods*; D013285:Strabismus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity