title: RNA interference of timeless gene does not disrupt circadian locomotor rhythms in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.
abstract: Molecular studies revealed that autoregulatory negative feedback loops consisting of so-called "clock genes" constitute the circadian clock in Drosophila. However, this hypothesis is not fully supported in other insects and is thus to be examined. In the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus, we have previously shown that period (per) plays an essential role in the rhythm generation. In the present study, we cloned cDNA of the clock gene timeless (tim) and investigated its role in the cricket circadian oscillatory mechanism using RNA interference. Molecular structure of the cricket tim has rather high similarity to those of other insect species. Real-time RT-PCR analysis revealed that tim mRNA showed rhythmic expression in both LD and DD similar to that of per, peaking during the (subjective) night. When injected with tim double-stranded RNA (dstim), tim mRNA levels were significantly reduced and its circadian expression rhythm was eliminated. After the dstim treatment, however, adult crickets showed a clear locomotor rhythm in DD, with a free-running period significantly shorter than that of control crickets injected with Discosoma sp. Red2 (DsRed2) dsRNA. These results suggest that in the cricket, tim plays some role in fine-tuning of the free-running period but may not be essential for oscillation of the circadian clock.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Danbara
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Outa
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Uryu
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomioka
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006135:Gryllidae / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D012313:RNA