title: Oxidative stress and nutritional factors in hepatitis C virus-positive liver recipients, controls, and hepatitis C virus-positive nontransplant patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is the most common indication for liver transplantation, but HCV recurrence is frequent after 1 year and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress (OxS) is involved in the pathogenesis of HCV, but little is known about its presence prior to disease recurrence.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if at 6 months HCV-positive liver recipients (HCV-OLT) without recurrence were oxidatively stressed.
  
  
  METHODS
  33 HCV-OLTs, 12 controls, and 39 HCV-positive nontransplant patients (HCV-NTs). OxS was assessed by using commercial kits to measure liver lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant potential (AOP). Plasma vitamin E, retinol (HPLC), and vitamin C (spectrophotometry) were assessed. We collected Anthropometry and 3-day food records. We performed analysis by the Kruskal-Wallis test expressing data as mean values +/- standard errors of the mean.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Waist-hip ratio was higher in both HCV-OLTs and HCV-NTs compared to the controls. HCV-OLTs showed higher hepatic LPO (mumol malondialdehyde/g tissue) versus controls (1.4 +/- 0.20 vs 0.54 +/- 0.10; P = .010) and compared to HCV-NTs (0.98 +/- 0.17; P = .030). No significant differences were found among the groups regarding hepatic AOP. However, lower plasma AOP (micromols UEA) were observed in HCV-OLTs (0.07 +/- 0.008) versus controls (0.17 +/- .040; P = .021) or HCV-NTs (0.08 +/- 0.009; P = .015) versus controls. Plasma gamma-tocopherol was higher in HCV-OLTs and HCV-NTs compared to controls (P = .001). We observed lower vitamin A intake in HCV-OLTs compared with the other two groups (P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCV-OLTs without disease recurrence are oxidatively stressed compared with control and HCV-NTs. Future research is needed to determine the impact of this increased oxidative stress on HCV disease recurrence.
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto, Lung Transplant Program, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. janet.madill@uhn.on.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Madill
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arendt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aghdassi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guindi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Therapondos
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lilly
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Allard
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D012008:Recurrence; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid