title: Maternal blood mitochondrial DNA content during normal and intrauterine growth restricted (IUGR) pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content in the maternal circulation of normal pregnancies of different gestational ages and in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 70 maternal blood samples: 13 nonpregnant women; 45 normal pregnancies, divided into the 3 trimesters; and 12 pregnancies complicated by IUGR. MtDNA content was determined by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, using a genomic control and a target gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A highly significant progressive reduction in circulating mtDNA was observed in pregnant women of first, second, and third trimesters and compared to nonpregnant women (mean value: 237, 188, 144, and 283, respectively; P < .001). Moreover, mtDNA was significantly increased in women carrying IUGR fetuses compared to women with normal pregnancies (430 vs 144; P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MtDNA could provide new insight into the mechanisms that occur during physiological gestation. Furthermore, mtDNA content may help recognize the IUGR disease in pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Clinical Sciences L.Sacco and Center for Fetal Research Giorgio Pardi, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Colleoni
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lattuada
authors.forename: Ambra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garretto
authors.forename: Maddalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Massari
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mandò
authors.forename: Edgardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Somigliana
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cetin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000097:blood*; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial