title: Circulating glycolaldehyde induces oxidative damage in the kidney of rats.
abstract: Renal failure is a key pathological issue in diabetic patients. Increased levels of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) have been associated to diabetic complications, including diabetic nephropathy. Models of AGE-treated animals have been applied to evaluate the effect of such molecules on oxidative parameters involved in the pathogenesis and evolution of diabetes disease. However, little is known about the effect of glycating agents other than glucose. Here we investigate the effect of intravenously administrated glycolaldehyde (GA) on oxidative stress parameters of the kidney. Male Wistar rats received a single injection of GA in different doses (10, 50 or 100mg/kg) and were sacrificed after 6, 12 or 24h. Activities of antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and glyoxalase I were assayed. Damage to proteins and lipids were also assayed. The content of N(epsilon)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML) was quantified. Glycolaldehyde induced a decrease in the activity of all enzymes studied. Lipoperoxidation and protein carbonylation raised, accompanied by a decrease in sulfhydryl groups. Despite the oxidative stress generated by GA, no change was found in the content of CML, suggesting that accumulation of AGEs in the kidney might occur at later steps in the development of diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos em Estresse Oxidativo, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. lorenzi_rodrigo@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lorenzi
authors.forename: Michael Everton
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Andrades
authors.forename: Rafael Calixto
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bortolin
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dal-Pizzol
authors.forename: José Cláudio Fonseca
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Moreira
mesh_terms: D000079:Acetaldehyde / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D007668:Kidney; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D050050:Protein Carbonylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D007791:Lactoylglutathione Lyase; D000079:Acetaldehyde; D008239:Lysine; C010972:glycolaldehyde