title: Auscultation of the fetal heart in early pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Auscultation of the fetal heart is a common event in antenatal care, in early pregnancy it may be associated with false negative results, which require ultrasound scan to confirm fetal viability.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 197 women in early pregnancy to determine the gestational age at which the fetal heart can be reliably identified and the factors which determined the accuracy of the test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of successful auscultations increased with advancing gestation (p < 0.001). There was no effect of maternal body mass index or the level of midwifery experience.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For a sensitivity of 90%, the fetal heart should be auscultated after 13 week gestation. If a sensitivity of 80% is acceptable the fetal heart can be auscultated after 12 + 1 week gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Blackburn Hospital, East Lancashire Hospitals NHS Trust, Haslingden Road, Blackburn, BB2 3HH, UK. james_s_rowland@hotmail.com
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heazell
authors.forename: Cathie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Melvin
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart; D005865:Gestational Age; D006326:Heart Auscultation; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D055815:Young Adult