title: Dual-emissive quantum dots for multispectral intraoperative fluorescence imaging.
abstract: Fluorescence molecular imaging is rapidly increasing its popularity in image guided surgery applications. To help develop its full surgical potential it remains a challenge to generate dual-emissive imaging agents that allow for combined visible assessment and sensitive camera based imaging. To this end, we now describe multispectral InP/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) that exhibit a bright visible green/yellow exciton emission combined with a long-lived far red defect emission. The intensity of the latter emission was enhanced by X-ray irradiation and allows for: 1) inverted QD density dependent defect emission intensity, showing improved efficacies at lower QD densities, and 2) detection without direct illumination and interference from autofluorescence.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Division of Diagnostic Oncology at The Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Patrick T K
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Tessa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buckle
authors.forename: Arantxa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguirre de Miguel
authors.forename: Stefan C J
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Meskers
authors.forename: René A J
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: Fijs W B
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D057054:Molecular Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D045663:Quantum Dots; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014965:X-Rays; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D013440:Sulfides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C031238:zinc sulfide