Predictors of family caregivers' life satisfaction after traumatic brain injury at one and two years post-injury: a longitudinal multi-center investigation.
OBJECTIVE
To determine predictors of family caregiver life satisfaction at one and two years after traumatic brain injury (TBI).


METHODS
Prospective collaborative longitudinal study of 336 family members caring for individuals with TBI participating in the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research (NIDRR) designated TBI Model Systems of Care (TBIMS). Survivors' medical and demographic information was obtained from the TBIMS database. Follow-up interviews were completed with both survivors and family caregivers at 1 year and 2 years post injury. The primary outcome variable, caregiver life satisfaction, was measured with the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS).


RESULTS
Repeated measures ordinal logistic regression showed that survivors' functional status at discharge, drug use, and neurobehavioral problems were significant predictors of family caregivers' life satisfaction at 1 and 2 years post injury.


CONCLUSIONS
Family members of individuals with TBI often experience reduced life satisfaction in the first 2 years following their relatives' TBI. Psychiatric and neurobehavioral problems, such as drug use and depression, as well as motor dysfunction in survivors may be important contributors to decreased life satisfaction among their caregivers.
Livingston
Lee A
LA
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Kennedy
Richard E
RE
Marwitz
Jennifer H
JH
Arango-Lasprilla
Juan C
JC
Rapport
Lisa J
LJ
Bushnik
Tamara
T
Gary
Kelli W
KW
D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult