title: Comparative analysis of direct fluorescence, Zenon labeling, and quantum dot nanocrystal technology in immunofluorescence staining.
abstract: A comparative analysis was performed to determine the sensitivity and efficiency of three fluorescent labeling techniques, including direct fluorescent-antibody staining (FA), Zenon labeling, and quantum dot (QD) nanocrystal technology. Two varicella-zoster virus immunoglobin (Ig) G forms, mAb 4F9 and mAb g62, were selected for these studies. The results indicated that: (1) All three methods demonstrated similar brightness and photostability; (2) the time required to conjugate the antibody varied, with Zenon labeling being the quickest; and (3) the stability of each conjugated complex was different, with FITC/rhodamine-conjugated antibody being the most stable.
authors.affiliation: Biologics Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Preparedness, Detection and Control of Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Partin
authors.forename: Abbas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vafai
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D005453:Fluorescence; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D045663:Quantum Dots; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000737:chemistry; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D012235:Rhodamines; C037152:isothiocyanic acid