title: Intensity-dependent facial emotion recognition and cognitive functions in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) frequently display non-motor symptoms. In this study, we investigated intensity-dependent facial emotion recognition in patients with PD and healthy controls (HC), matched for age, gender, and education, and its relationship to individual cognitive domains. Seventy patients with PD and 70 HC were submitted to a clinical, neuropsychological, and psychopathological evaluation. Facial emotion recognition performance was assessed using the Penn Emotion Recognition Test (PERT). The patients with PD recognized fewer low- and high-intensity facial expressions of disgust than HC. This effect was selective, because their global ability to recognize emotions was intact. Both patients with PD and HC recognized high-intensity better than low-intensity emotions, except for disgust, which was recognized better at low intensity. In the patients with PD, overall facial emotion recognition and selective disgust recognition performances were related to deficits in many neuropsychological domains (verbal and visuo-spatial memory, attention, praxis, and verbal fluency). The ability to recognize emotions is a complex cognitive process requiring the integrity of several functions. Therefore, it is likely that structural or functional derangement of the discrete neural pathways involved in these cognitive functions in patients with PD makes it difficult for them to recognize emotions expressed by others.
authors.affiliation: I.R.C.C.S. Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Assogna
authors.forename: Francesco E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Pontieri
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cravello
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peppe
authors.forename: Mariangela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierantozzi
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stefani
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stanzione
authors.forename: Clelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pellicano
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caltagirone
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spalletta
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011601:Psychophysics / Q000379:methods; D021641:Recognition, Psychology / Q000502:physiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology