title: Comparison between the antiproteinuric effects of the calcium channel blockers benidipine and cilnidipine in combination with angiotensin receptor blockers in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Benidipine, an L-/T-type calcium channel blocker, dilates renal efferent and afferent arterioles and reduces glomerular pressure; therefore, it may exert renoprotective effects. We conducted an open-labeled randomized trial to compare the effects of benidipine with cilnidipine in hypertensive patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients who were already being treated with angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) received one of the following treatment regimens: benidipine at a dose of 2 mg/day that was increased up to a dose of 8 mg/day (benidipine group; n=118) or cilnidipine at a dose of 5 mg/day that was increased up to a dose of 20 mg/day (cilnidipine group; n=115).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 months of treatment, we observed a significant and comparable reduction in the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in both groups. The urinary protein:creatinine ratio was significantly decreased in both groups after 3 months of treatment and thereafter; however, the difference between both groups was not significant after 12 months of treatment. Benidipine exerted an antiproteinuric effect to a greater extent than cilnidipine in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of benidipine as well as cilnidipine reduces urinary protein excretion in hypertensive patients with CKD who are already being administered ARBs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, and Nihon Universiyt Nerima Hikarigaoka Hospital, 30-1, Oyaguchi Kami-chou, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8610, Japan. mabe@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soma
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000378:metabolism; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D004095:Dihydropyridines; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; C061004:benidipine; C065927:cilnidipine; D003404:Creatinine