title: Extremely efficient catalysis of carbon-carbon bond formation using "click" dendrimer-stabilized palladium nanoparticles.
abstract: This article is an account of the work carried out in the authors' laboratory illustrating the usefulness of dendrimer design for nanoparticle palladium catalysis. The "click" synthesis of dendrimers constructed generation by generation by 1-->3 C connectivity, introduces 1,2,3-triazolyl ligands insides the dendrimers at each generation. Complexation of the ligands by Pd(II) followed by reduction to Pd(0) forms dendrimer-stabilized Pd nanoparticles (PdNPs) that are extremely reactive in the catalysis of olefin hydrogenation and C-C bond coupling reactions. The stabilization can be outer-dendritic for the small zeroth-generation dendrimer or intra-dendritic for the larger first- and second-generation dendrimers. The example of the Miyaura-Suzuki reaction that can be catalyzed by down to 1 ppm of PdNPs with a "homeopathic" mechanism (the less, the better) is illustrated here, including catalysis in aqueous solvents.
authors.affiliation: ISM, UMR CNRS N degrees 5255, Université Bordeaux 1, 3305 Talence Cedex, France. d.astruc@ism.u-bordeaux1.fr
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Astruc
authors.forename: Cátia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ornelas
authors.forename: Abdou K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Diallo
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D050091:Dendrimers; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry*; D055601:Organic Chemistry Phenomena; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers; D010165:Palladium