title: Calf production from vitrified bovine sexed embryos following in-straw dilution.
abstract: The objective of this study was to develop an in-straw dilution method suitable for direct transfer of vitrified bovine sexed embryos. Embryo sexing was performed by molecular diagnosis. Several sexed and vitrified-warmed embryos were transferred after evaluation of morphologically embryonic survival at warming and in-straw dilution (Evaluation group). The other embryos were immediately directly transferred to recipients without first being expelled from the straws after in-straw dilution (Non-evaluation group). The pregnancy rates of vitrified sexed embryos were 38.7% and 34.8% in the Evaluation group and Non-evaluation group, respectively, which were not significantly different. The viability of lower quality embryos before vitrification tended to be lower (P = 0.087) than that of the higher quality embryos regardless of evaluating embryos after warming and in-straw dilution. The abortion rates were similar, and there was no difference between the two groups (13.9% and 12.5%, respectively). These results demonstrate that vitrified bovine sexed embryos can be vitrified and diluted by the in-straw method and that the vitrified and warmed sexed embryos can develop to term.
authors.affiliation: Kanagawa Prefectural Livestock Industry Technical Center, Ebina, Kanagawa. akiyama.xqnm@pref.kanagawa.jp
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sata
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Yorimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nabenishi
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matoba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis; D058989:Vitrification