title: The hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype and the risk of coronary artery disease: results from the EPIC-Norfolk prospective population study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening for increased waist circumference and hypertriglyceridemia (the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype) has been proposed as an inexpensive approach to identify patients with excess intra-abdominal adiposity and associated metabolic abnormalities. We examined the relationship between the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype to the risk of coronary artery disease in apparently healthy individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 21,787 participants aged 45-79 years were followed for a mean of 9.8 (standard deviation 1.7) years. Coronary artery disease developed in 2109 of them during follow-up. The hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype was defined as a waist circumference of 90 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 2.0 mmol/L or more in men, and a waist circumference of 85 cm or more and a triglyceride level of 1.5 mmol/L or more in women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with participants who had a waist circumference and triglyceride level below the threshold, those with the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype had higher blood pressure indices, higher levels of apolipoprotein B and C-reactive protein, lower levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I, and smaller low-density lipoprotein particles. Among men, those with the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype had an unadjusted hazard ratio for future coronary artery disease of 2.40 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02-2.87) compared with men who did not have the phenotype. Women with the phenotype had an unadjusted hazard ratio of 3.84 (95% CI 3.20-4.62) compared with women who did not have the phenotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among participants from a European cohort representative of a contemporary Western population, the hypertriglyceridemic-waist phenotype was associated with a deteriorated cardiometabolic risk profile and an increased risk for coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Québec.
authors.forename: Benoit J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Arsenault
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lemieux
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Després
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Wareham
authors.forename: John J P
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kastelein
authors.forename: Kay-Tee
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Khaw
authors.forename: S Matthijs
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Boekholdt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids