title: Factors influencing primary care physicians to prescribe antibiotics in Delhi India.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  it is necessary to understand physician's prescribing behaviour in order to develop interventions that will effectively improve the use of antibiotics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to explore the factors that influence primary care physicians to prescribe antibiotics and to investigate possible interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  focus group discussions (FGDs) were used to explore the perspectives of primary care physicians in the public and private sectors from five municipal wards (residential localities) of Delhi from where data on antibiotic use and resistance were collected. FGDs (n = 3 with 36 prescribers) were analysed through grounded theory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  three broad themes identified were as follows: behavioural characteristics of doctors and patients; laxity in regulation of prescribing and dispensing antibiotics and intervention strategies to decrease misuse of, and resistance to, antibiotics. Important factors identified for antibiotic prescriptions by doctors were diagnostic uncertainty, perceived demand and expectation from the patients, practice sustainability and financial considerations, influence from medical representatives and inadequate knowledge. For public sector doctors, besides the above, overstocked and near-expiry drugs and lack of time were the factors that promoted antibiotic overuse. Doctors also identified certain patient behaviour characteristics and laxity in regulation for prescribing and dispensing of antibiotics as aggravating the problem of antibiotic misuse. Interventions like Continuing Medical Educations for doctors, awareness raising of patients, shared decision making and stricter rules and regulations were suggested to promote rational use of antibiotics in the community.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  exploration of doctors' antibiotic use practices and possible interventions will be helpful in carrying out interventions to promote appropriate use of antibiotics in the community.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, V. P. Chest Institute, University of Delhi, New Delhi.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotwani
authors.forename: Chand
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wattal
authors.forename: Shashi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katewa
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holloway
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003657:Decision Making; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D058007:Physicians, Primary Care; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D035501:Uncertainty
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents