title: The influence of silane evaporation procedures on microtensile bond strength between a dental ceramic and a resin cement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of silane evaporation procedures on bond strength between a dental ceramic and a chemically activated resin cement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen blocks (6 mm Chi 14 mm Chi 14 mm) of ceramic IPS Empress 2 were cemented (C and B) to composite resin (InTen-S) blocks using a chemical adhesive system (Lok). Six groups were analyzed, each with three blocks divided according to ceramic surface treatment: two control groups (no treatment, NT; 10% hydrofluoric acid plus silane Monobond-S dried at room temperature, HFS); the other four groups comprised different evaporation patterns (silane rinsed and dried at room temperature, SRT; silane rinsed in boiling water and dried as before, SBRT; silane rinsed with boiling water and heat dried at 50 degrees C, SBH; silane dried at 50 +/- 5 degrees C, rinsed in boiling water and dried at room temperature, SHBRT). The cemented blocks were sectioned to obtain specimens for microtensile test 7 days after cementation and were stored in water for 30 days prior to testing. Fracture patterns were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Statistics and
  
  
  RESULTS
  All blocks of NT debonded during sectioning. One way ANOVA tests showed higher bond strengths for HFS than for the other groups. SBRT and SBH were statistically similar, with higher bond strengths than SRT and SHBRT. Failures were 100% adhesive in SRT and SHBRT. Cohesive failures within the "adhesive zone" were detected in HFS (30%), SBRT (24%) and SBH (40%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Silane treatment enhanced bond strength in all conditions evaluated, showing best results with HF etching.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, School of Engineering, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carolina Nemesio de Barros
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Vicente Tadeu Lopes
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Buono
authors.forename: Joao Mauricio Lima de Figueiredo
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mota
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements; D055116:Self-Curing of Dental Resins; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; C118557:Empress 2; C485362:InTen-S composite; D018020:Lithium Compounds; C076808:Monobond S; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid