title: [Ginsenoside Rg1 protects rat hippocampal neurons from radiation injury by regulating NOS activity].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the protective effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on cultured rat hippocampal neurons against radiation injury and explore new therapies for preventing radiation encephalopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat hippocampal neurons cultured for 12 days were subjected to a single-dose X-ray exposure of 30 Gy. 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining was used to detect the neuronal apoptosis and NOS activity kit utilized to evaluate NOS activity in the cells after the exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nuclear condensation was detected in (25.3-/+3.57)% of the neurons 24 h after 30 Gy X-ray exposure, a rate significantly higher than that in the control cells [(1.95-/+0.78)%, P<0.01]. In the neurons pretreated with ginsenoside Rg1, only (7.43-/+1.51)% of the cells presented with nuclear condensation after the exposure, significantly different from the rates in the control cultures and the exposed cultures (P<0.01). The NOS activity of exposed cultures was 6.46-/+0.95 U/ml, significantly higher than that in the control cultures (3.20-/+0.70 U/ml, P<0.01). The NOS activity of the neurons pretreated with ginsenoside Rg1 was 3.85-/+0.69 U/ml, significantly different from that in the control cultures (P<0.05) and the exposed cultures (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ginsenoside Rg1 offers significant protective effect on rat hippocampal neurons from radiation-induced apoptosis by reducing the activity of NOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. poor9927@126.com
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ai-min
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhi-xian
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Long-hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ya-wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1