title: The Necdin-Wnt pathway causes epigenetic peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma repression in hepatic stellate cells.
abstract: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), vitamin A-storing liver pericytes, undergo myofibroblastic trans-differentiation or "activation" to participate in liver wound healing. This cellular process involves loss of regulation by adipogenic transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ). Necdin, a melanoma antigen family protein, promotes neuronal and myogenic differentiation while inhibiting adipogenesis. The present study demonstrates that necdin is selectively expressed in HSCs among different liver cell types and induced during their activation in vitro and in vivo. Silencing of necdin with adenovirally expressed shRNA, reverses activated HSCs to quiescent cells in a manner dependent on PPARγ and suppressed canonical Wnt signaling. Promoter analysis, site-directed mutagenesis, and chromatin immunoprecipitation demonstrate that Wnt10b, a canonical Wnt induced in activated HSCs, is a direct target of necdin. Necdin silencing abrogates three epigenetic signatures implicated in repression of PPARγ: increased MeCP2 (methyl CpG binding protein 2) and HP-1α co-repressor recruitments to Pparγ promoter and enhanced H3K27 dimethylation at the exon 5 locus, again in a manner dependent on suppressed canonical Wnt. These epigenetic effects are reproduced by antagonism of canonical Wnt signaling with Dikkopf-1. Our results demonstrate a novel necdin-Wnt pathway, which serves to mediate antiadipogenic HSC trans-differentiation via epigenetic repression of PPARγ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Southern California Research Center for ALPD and Cirrhosis, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Nian-Ling
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jiaohong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
mesh_terms: D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020868:Gene Silencing; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051783:Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C531384:Dkk1 protein, rat; D006657:Histones; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C497394:Mecp2 protein, rat; D051783:Methyl-CpG-Binding Protein 2; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D051153:Wnt Proteins; C501228:Wnt10b protein, rat; C069766:necdin