title: Mind your salts: when the inactive constituent isn't.
abstract: Many pharmacological agents include "inactive" constituents that are used to alter the solubility, stability, or pharmaceutical properties of a drug. These "salts" are often ignored, and the "active ingredient" gets all of the attention. Pamoic acid (4-[(3-carboxy-2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)methyl]-3-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid) has been used in formulations of several drugs as pamoate salts. This Perspective highlights an Accelerated Communication in this issue (p. 560) that identifies pamoic acid as a potent activator of the orphan G protein-coupled receptor GPR35. This effect may contribute to the pharmacological actions of some agents that are prepared as pamoate salts. Thus, pharmacologists, regulators, and clinicians should "mind their salts" in considering differences among supposedly equivalent agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0632, USA. rneubig@umich.edu
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Neubig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009284:Naphthols / Q000494:pharmacology; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: C111379:GPR35 protein, human; D009284:Naphthols; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D012492:Salts; C004368:pamoic acid