Purified canola lutein selectively inhibits specific isoforms of mammalian DNA polymerases and reduces inflammatory response.
In the screening of DNA polymerase (pol) inhibitor, we isolated lutein, a carotenoid, from the crude (unrefined) pressed oil of canola (low erucic acid rapeseed, Brassica napus L.). Commercially prepared carotenoids such as lutein (1), zeaxanthin (2), beta-cryptoxanthin (3), astaxanthin (4), canthaxanthin (5), beta-carotene (6), lycopene (7), capsanthin (8), fucoxanthin (9) and fucoxanthinol (10), were investigated for the inhibitory activities of pols. Compounds 1, 2 and 8 exhibited strong inhibition of the activities of mammalian pols beta and lambda, which are DNA repair- and/or recombination-related pols. On the other hand, all carotenoids tested had no influence on the activity of a mammalian pol alpha, which is a DNA replicative pol. Lutein (1) was the strongest pol inhibitor of mammalian pols beta and lambda in the prepared ten carotenoids tested, but did not influence of the activities of mammalian pols alpha, gamma, delta and epsilon. The tendency for pols beta and lambda inhibition by these carotenoids showed a positive correlation with the suppression of TPA (12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate)-induced inflammation. These results suggest that cold pressed unrefined canola/rapeseed oil, or other oils with high levels of lutein and other carotenoids, may be useful for their anti-inflammatory properties.
Horie
Sho
S
Laboratory of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Nutritional Science, Kobe-Gakuin University, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 651-2180, Japan.
Okuda
Chiaki
C
Yamashita
Takatoshi
T
Watanabe
Kenichi
K
Kuramochi
Kouji
K
Hosokawa
Masashi
M
Takeuchi
Toshifumi
T
Kakuda
Makiko
M
Miyashita
Kazuo
K
Sugawara
Fumio
F
Yoshida
Hiromi
H
Mizushina
Yoshiyuki
Y
D000818:Animals; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D014975:Lutein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077276:Lycopene; D008322:Mammals; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D024341:Xanthophylls; D065146:Zeaxanthins; D019207:beta Carotene; C025164:fucoxanthin; D002338:Carotenoids; C006889:capsanthin; C483031:fucoxanthinol; C005948:astaxanthine; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D000077276:Lycopene; D014975:Lutein