Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation in children with refractory or relapsed lymphoma: results of Children's Oncology Group study A5962.
This prospective study was designed to determine the safety and efficacy of cyclophosphamide, BCNU, and etoposide (CBV) conditioning and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplant (PBSCT) in children with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (HL and NHL). Patients achieving complete remission (CR) or partial remission (PR) after 2 to 4 courses of reinduction underwent a granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilized PBSC apheresis with a target collection dose of 5 × 10⁶ CD34(+)/kg. Those eligible to proceed received autologous PBSCT after CBV (7200 mg/m², 450-300 mg/m², 2400 mg/m²). Forty-three of 69 patients (30/39 HL, 13/30 NHL) achieved a CR/PR after reinduction. Thirty-eight patients (28 HL, 10 NHL) underwent PBSCT. All initial 6 patients who received BCNU at 450 mg/m² experienced grade III or IV pulmonary toxicity compared to none of the subsequent 32 receiving 300 mg/m² (P < .0001). The probability of overall survival (OS) at 3 years for all patients is 51% and for transplanted patients is 64%. The 3-year event-free survival (EFS) is 38% (45% for HL; 30% NHL). The 3-year EFS in transplanted patients is 66% (65% HL; 70% NHL). Initial duration of remission of ≥12 versus <12 months was associated with a significant increase in OS (3 years OS 70% versus 34%) (P = .003). BCNU at 300 mg/m(2) in a CBV regimen prior to PBSCT is well tolerated in relapsed or refractory pediatric lymphoma patients. A short duration (<12 months) of initial remission is associated with a poorer prognosis. Last, a high percentage of patients achieving a CR/PR after reinduction therapy can be salvaged with CBV and autologlous PBSCT.
Harris
Richard E
RE
Division of Bone Marrow Transplant and Immune Deficiency, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. Richard.Harris@CCHMC.org
Termuhlen
Amanda M
AM
Smith
Lynette M
LM
Lynch
James
J
Henry
Michael M
MM
Perkins
Sherrie L
SL
Gross
Thomas G
TG
Warkentin
Phyllis
P
Vlachos
Adrianna
A
Harrison
Lauren
L
Cairo
Mitchell S
MS
D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002330:Carmustine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005047:Etoposide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D055815:Young Adult
D005047:Etoposide; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002330:Carmustine