Fever--an update.
Fever is an active yet nonspecific response of the body to infections and other insults that cause immune cells to release cytokines, resulting in a brain prostanoid-mediated rise in body temperature. The causes, types, clinical management, and postoperative consequences of fever are reviewed in this article. Physicians use fever as a clinical sign for diagnoses and prognoses, but "fevers of unknown origin" continue to be problematic. Fevers that arise 1 or 2 days after surgery are usually due to stress and trauma, but later postoperative fevers often have more serious causes and consequences, such as wound infection. Fever is commonly encountered by podiatric physicians and surgeons, and certain procedures with the lower extremity are more likely to eventuate in fever.
Becker
John H
JH
Basic Biomedical Sciences, Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. john.becker@rosalindfranklin.edu
Wu
Stephanie C
SC
D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000502:physiology; D058633:Antipyretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D005334:Fever / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005528:Foot / Q000601:surgery; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications; D008305:Malignant Hyperthermia / Q000150:complications; D011032:Podiatry; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012016:Reference Values
D058633:Antipyretics; D016207:Cytokines