title: Disappearance of chorion proteins from Bombyx mori eggs treated with HCl solution to prevent diapause.
abstract: Bombyx mori eggs enter diapause immediately after completion of mesoderm segregation. HCl treatment of approximately 24-hour-old eggs (germband formation stage) is well known to be the most effective procedure to prevent entry into diapause, although the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the protein composition of diapausing and nondiapausing eggs after various HCl treatments known to prevent or break diapause and found that proteins of approximately 11 and 8 kDa disappeared immediately after HCl treatment. Partial amino acid sequences of these proteins indicated that they were members of the chorion class A protein L12 family synthesized in follicle cells. Under the hypothesis that the chorion provides a barrier to oxygen, dechorionation of diapausing eggs induces resumption of embryonic development. Hence, to test this and other hypotheses about the function of these proteins, we used 20% SDS-PAGE with Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining to trace their disappearance from embryos and eggshells after treatment with HCl under different conditions and on polyvoltine, univoltine, and bivoltine silkworm races. Even when 10-day-old diapausing eggs were treated with HCl, which did not break diapause, the 11 and 8 kDa proteins disappeared. Our results suggest that disappearance of these proteins is not directly associated with preventing entry into or breaking a diapause state. Nevertheless, our results cannot completely rule out the possibility that the 11 and 8 kDa proteins function to block permeability of O(2) during the period when HCl treatment is physiologically effective to prevent diapause so that after the diapause system is established within the egg, even removing the 11 and 8 kDa proteins may not affect to prevent diapause. We also discuss the role of these proteins in choriogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Sericulture & Entomoresources, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsurumaru
authors.forename: Akihito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawamori
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsumasu
authors.forename: Teruyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Okitsugu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Toshinobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yaginuma
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000502:physiology*; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008675:Metamorphosis, Biological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000502:physiology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein
chemical_list: D004527:Egg Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; C015753:chorion proteins; C075027:diapause hormone; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid