title: SIRT1 suppresses beta-amyloid production by activating the alpha-secretase gene ADAM10.
abstract: A hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the accumulation of plaques of Abeta 1-40 and 1-42 peptides, which result from the sequential cleavage of APP by the beta and gamma-secretases. The production of Abeta peptides is avoided by alternate cleavage of APP by the alpha and gamma-secretases. Here we show that production of beta-amyloid and plaques in a mouse model of AD are reduced by overexpressing the NAD-dependent deacetylase SIRT1 in brain, and are increased by knocking out SIRT1 in brain. SIRT1 directly activates the transcription of the gene encoding the alpha-secretase, ADAM10. SIRT1 deacetylates and coactivates the retinoic acid receptor beta, a known regulator of ADAM10 transcription. ADAM10 activation by SIRT1 also induces the Notch pathway, which is known to repair neuronal damage in the brain. Our findings indicate SIRT1 activation is a viable strategy to combat AD and perhaps other neurodegenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Paul F. Glenn Laboratory and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Gizem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Donmez
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dena E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guarente
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D055495:Neurogenesis; D051880:Receptors, Notch / Q000378:metabolism; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta; D014212:Tretinoin; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; C491234:Adam10 protein, mouse; C470545:Sirt1 protein, mouse; D056564:Sirtuin 1