title: Postoperative chylothorax in congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanisms responsible for postoperative chylothorax in Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) patients remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to examine the clinical features of CDH that may contribute to an association with postoperative chylothorax.
  
  
  METHODS
  198 neonates with CDH, in whom surgical repair of a diaphragmatic defect was performed between 1981 and 2008, were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into 2 groups; patients with postoperative chylothorax (group I, n=11) and patients without postoperative chylothorax (group II, n=187). The clinical findings were compared between group I and group II to investigate potential predictive parameters for an association with chylothorax. Moreover, the clinical findings and treatments were evaluated in patients with chylothorax.
  
  
  RESULTS
  11 of the 198 infants (5.5%) developed a chylothorax. Although the incidence of a prenatal diagnosis was slightly higher in group I, no relationship with other clinical features was found which would indicate the severity of CDH or the occurrence of postoperative chylothorax. Treatment for chylothorax was drainage alone in 2 cases, total parenteral nutrition with drainage in 8 infants and additional intrathoracic OK-432 infusion in 1 patient. No patients required surgical intervention for chylothorax. No recurrences were observed in this patient series.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that postoperative chylothorax is not rare in infants after CDH repair. However, no statistically significant predictive parameters for chylothorax were identified, except for the presence of a prenatal diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Suita, Japan. kamiyama@pedsurg.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
mesh_terms: D002916:Chylothorax / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006548:Hernia, Diaphragmatic / Q000601:surgery; D065630:Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies