title: Incidental findings are frequent in young healthy individuals undergoing magnetic resonance imaging in brain research imaging studies: a prospective single-center study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is an ongoing debate about how to handle incidental findings (IF) detected in healthy individuals who participate in research-driven magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. There are currently no established guidelines regarding their management.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively assessed the frequency of IF in 206 young healthy volunteers who additionally underwent structural MRIs of the whole brain as part of a scientific MRI protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Assessment of the structural MRI by 2 board-certified neuroradiologists revealed IF in 19% of the subjects (n = 39). In approximately half of these subjects (n = 21), these findings were of potential clinical relevance (eg, arteriovenous malformations, cavernomas, pituitary abnormalities) and required further diagnostic investigations. None of these potentially relevant IF prompted immediate active medical treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incidental findings are very frequent in young healthy volunteers. Because many of the IF require further diagnostic workup, standardized procedures for MRI and the handling of these images are mandatory to ensure competent clinical management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Gesa
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hartwigsen
authors.forename: Hartwig R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Siebner
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deuschl
authors.forename: Olav
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulmer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D055815:Young Adult