title: A health insurance company-initiated multifaceted intervention for optimizing acid-suppressing drug prescriptions in primary care: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of a health insurance company-initiated intervention strategy aimed at optimizing acid-suppressing drug (ASD) prescriptions in primary care.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cluster randomized controlled trial design, 112 primary care physician (PCP) peer review groups (993 PCPs) in the central region of the Netherlands were randomized. The PCPs in the intervention group received an ASD prescription optimization protocol, a list of their patients taking ASDs frequently on a long-term basis, and financial compensation for additional consultations with these patients. The PCPs in the control group did not receive any of these interventions. Prescription data on 23 433 patients were extracted from the database of the regional health insurance company. The main outcome measures were the proportion of patients who reduced ASD consumption by more than 50% and changes in annual volume and costs of ASD prescriptions. Differences in ASD reduction and in volume were analyzed applying multilevel regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 2.4% of the patients (n = 967 506) of the participating practices used ASDs frequently on a long-term basis (>180 daily defined doses [DDDs] annually). During the 6-month intervention, 14.1% of the patients in the intervention group reduced ASD consumption compared with 13.7% in the control group (adjusted relative risk, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.11). Changes in intervention and control group in mean volume of ASD prescription per patient were similar (beta = 0.33 for DDD; 95% CI -3.00 to 3.60).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A health insurance company-initiated multifaceted intervention, including practical tools and financial incentives, did not alter ASD prescription practice in primary care. More tailored interventions, including patient-targeted initiatives, are required to optimize ASD prescription.
authors.affiliation: Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. h.m.smeets@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Hugo M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Smeets
authors.forename: Niek J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.forename: Nicolaas P A
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Zuithoff
authors.forename: Paul C M
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: van Dijk
authors.forename: Arnold P M
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: van der Lee
authors.forename: Arno W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hoes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005756:Gastritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000188:drug therapy; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011320:Primary Health Care; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists