title: Inter-chromosomal variation in aberration frequencies in human lymphocytes exposed to charged particles of LET between 0.5 and 55 keV/μm.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the distribution of chromosomal aberrations in chromosomes 2, 8 and 14 induced by charged particles, using the fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Irradiation of peripheral blood from six healthy volunteers (four male and two female) was performed at the accelerators of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna (Russia). Whole blood samples were irradiated with 2 and 3 Gy of protons (170 MeV/nucleon (n), linear energy transfer (LET) ≈ 0.5 keV/μm), 3.5 Gy of (12)C ions (480 MeV/n, LET = 10.6 keV/μm), 3 Gy of (12)C ions 500 MeV/n, LET = 12 keV/μm), 4 Gy of (7)Li ions (30 MeV/n, LET ≈ 20 keV/μm) and 3 Gy of (11)B ions (32 MeV/n, LET ≈ 55 keV/μm). Chromosomal aberrations were analysed in metaphase and prematurely condensed chromosomes (PCC) induced in G(2)-cells using calyculin A. Chromosomes 2, 8 and 14 were painted in different colours and aberrations scored with the help of an image-analysis system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chromosome 2 was generally less sensitive than expected on the basis of its DNA content. A higher than expected frequency of exchanges was found in chromosomes 8 and 14. On average, the dicentric frequency in chromosome 2 was higher than the translocation frequency, whereas variable dicentric to translocation ratios were observed in chromosomes 8 and 14. When aberrations in all painted chromosomes were summed up the ratio was close to 1. The frequency of complex aberrations correlated with LET.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In lymphocytes of donors studied in this work chromosome 2 appears to be consistently less sensitive to protons and heavy ions than chromosomes 8 and 14. Complex aberrations appear to be a potential marker of radiation quality.
authors.affiliation: Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deperas-Kaminska
authors.forename: Ekaterina M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Zaytseva
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deperas-Standylo
authors.forename: Gennady V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Mitsyn
authors.forename: Alexander G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Molokanov
authors.forename: Gennady N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Timoshenko
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wojcik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D063193:Heavy Ion Radiotherapy; D020450:Heavy Ions / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008297:Male; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013997:Time Factors