Proteomic analysis of urine in rats chronically exposed to fluoride.
Urine is an ideal source of materials to search for potential disease-related biomarkers as it is produced by the affected tissues and can be easily obtained by noninvasive methods. 2-DE-based proteomic approach was used to better understand the molecular mechanisms of injury induced by fluoride (F(-)) and define potential biomarkers of dental fluorosis. Three groups of weanling male Wistar rats were treated with drinking water containing 0 (control), 5, or 50 ppm F(-) for 60 days (n = 15/group). During the experimental period, the animals were kept individually in metabolic cages, to analyze the water and food consumption, as well as fecal and urinary F(-) excretion. Urinary proteome profiles were examined using 2-DE and Colloidal Coomassie Brilliant Blue staining. A dose-response regarding F(-) intake and excretion was detected. Quantitative intensity analysis revealed 8, 11, and 8 significantly altered proteins between control vs. 5 ppm F(-), control vs. 50 ppm F(-) and 5 ppm F(-) vs. 50 ppm F(-) groups, respectively. Two proteins regulated by androgens (androgen-regulated 20-KDa protein and α-2μ-globulin) and one related to detoxification (aflatoxin-B1-aldehyde-reductase) were identified by MALDI-TOF-TOF MS/MS. Thus, proteomic analysis can help to better understand the mechanisms underlying F(-) toxicity, even in low doses.
Kobayashi
Claudia Ayumi Nakai
CA
Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.
Leite
Aline de Lima
Ade L
da Silva
Thelma Lopes
TL
dos Santos
Lucilene Delazari
LD
Nogueira
Fábio César Sousa
FC
Santos
Keity Souza
KS
de Oliveira
Rodrigo Cardoso
RC
Palma
Mario Sérgio
MS
Domont
Gilberto Barbosa
GB
Buzalaf
Marília Afonso Rabelo
MA
D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000652:urine*; D000510:Alpha-Globulins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D015891:Cystatins; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
D000510:Alpha-Globulins; C079958:Andpro protein, rat; D015415:Biomarkers; D015891:Cystatins; D011506:Proteins; C013803:alpha 2u globulin; C082765:aflatoxin B1 aldehyde reductase; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; D005459:Fluorides