title: Association between amygdala response to emotional faces and social anxiety in autism spectrum disorders.
abstract: Difficulty interpreting facial expressions has been reported in autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and is thought to be associated with amygdala abnormalities. To further explore the neural basis of abnormal emotional face processing in ASD, we conducted an fMRI study of emotional face matching in high-functioning adults with ASD and age, IQ, and gender matched controls. In addition, we investigated whether there was a relationship between self-reported social anxiety and fMRI activation. During fMRI scanning, study participants were instructed to match facial expressions depicting fear or anger. The control condition was a comparable shape-matching task. The control group evidenced significantly increased left prefrontal activation and decreased activation in the occipital lobes compared to the ASD group during emotional face matching. Further, within the ASD group, greater social anxiety was associated with increased activation in right amygdala and left middle temporal gyrus, and decreased activation in the fusiform face area. These results indicate that level of social anxiety mediates the neural response to emotional face perception in ASD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. nkleinha@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Natalia M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Kleinhans
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: L Clark
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenson
authors.forename: Geraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aylward
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000150:complications*; D004644:Emotions; D005145:Face; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D012938:Social Perception; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen