title: ATP confers tumorigenic properties to dendritic cells by inducing amphiregulin secretion.
abstract: ATP, which has an important proinflammatory action as danger signal, induces the semimaturation of dendritic cells (DCs) that can be associated with immune tolerance. We identified epidermal growth factor receptor ligands as target genes of ATPγS, a slowly hydrolyzed ATP derivative, by a gene profiling approach in DCs. Amphiregulin was the most highly up-regulated gene in response to ATPγS. Human monocyte-derived DCs and mouse bone marrow-derived DCs released amphiregulin (AREG) after purinergic receptor activation, with a contribution of P2Y(11) and A(2B) receptor, respectively. Supernatants of LPS+ATPγS-stimulated DCs induced smooth muscle cell and Lewis Lung Carcinoma (LLC) cell growth in vitro. The coinjection of LPS+ATPγS-stimulated DCs or their supernatants with LLC cells increased tumor weight in mice compared with LPS-treated DCs. The preincubation of LPS+ATPγS-treated DC supernatants with an anti-AREG blocking antibody inhibited their positive effect on smooth muscle cell density and tumor growth. The present study demonstrates for the first time that DCs can be a source of AREG. ATP released from tumor cells might exert a tumorigenic action by stimulating the secretion of AREG from DCs. Antagonists of purinergic receptors expressed on DCs and anti-AREG blocking antibodies could have a therapeutic potential as antitumor agents.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire en Biologie Humaine et Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 Route de Lennik, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bles
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Pietrantonio
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boeynaems
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Communi
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology*; D066258:Amphiregulin; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C587848:AREG protein, human; D066258:Amphiregulin; C587849:Areg protein, mouse; D066255:EGF Family of Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C022571:adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate); D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate