title: Description of the first acute bovine diarrhea virus-2 outbreak in Israel.
abstract: This is the first report of an acute and fatal outbreak of bovine diarrhea virus (BVDV)-2 infection in Israel. The clinical presentation varied with the age of the affected animals with a bovine-respiratory-complex-like syndrome in young stock, and diarrhea and dysentery only in the lactating stock. Enteritis first appeared in one shed of post-parturient cows; it spread for 6 weeks, until at least 30% of the lactating stock contracted enteritis or dysentery. At the same time, dairy calves aged 10-90 days exhibited severe respiratory disease. Of 79 animals that died, 13/350 (3.7%) were adult lactating cows, and 66/1100 (6%) were young feedlot calves. Phylogenetic analysis of the isolated virus revealed a 95% identity with the corresponding genome parts of various BVDV type 2 sequences. The route of introduction of BVDV-2 into Israel could not be elucidated.
authors.affiliation: Virology Division, Kimron Veterinary Institute, P.O. Box 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel.
authors.forename: Orly
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Friedgut
authors.forename: Ditza
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rotenberg
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Stram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yehuda
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paz
authors.forename: Nir
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Alpert
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: Hagay
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yadin
authors.forename: Beatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grummer
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002417:Cattle; D030242:Diarrhea Virus 2, Bovine Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male