title: Recommendations for the validation of flow cytometric testing during drug development: I instrumentation.
abstract: Flow cytometry is a powerful and flexible analytical tool used during all stages of drug development. While substantial effort is invested in development and validation of analytical methods, instrument validation is often neglected. Flow cytometers are evolving at a pace that surpasses the protracted timeline of drug discovery and development. Therefore, it becomes fundamentally important to the success of the study to document the validated state of the flow cytometer and verify data integrity at the time of study conduct. It is important to bear in mind that validation strategies are critical components of the entire process involved in bringing new therapeutic options to the medical community; drugs which eventually manifest as successful new treatments for those individuals afflicted with disease. Formal industry guidance is provided through Good Laboratory Practices [GLP], which require validation of all computerized systems and equipment used to support pre-clinical studies for regulatory submissions. Key elements of instrument validation processes have been delineated through guidance documents published by regulatory agencies and industry working groups to support the rigorous compliance needs of GLP. However, most testing to support drug development is conducted in less strict regulatory environments. Such comprehensive validation efforts may not be appropriate for laboratories supporting early discovery or basic research, however, laboratories involved in regulated stages of development, such as pre-clinical and clinical phases, should consider these recommendations. This paper presents a consensus methodological approach that the authors have used successfully to ensure data integrity in flow cytometric studies conducted during drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA 9132, USA. cherieg@amgen.com
authors.forename: Cherie L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Lynette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Yuanxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Litwin
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mc Closkey
mesh_terms: D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D057170:Translational Research, Biomedical