title: Polymorphisms in the caspase genes and the risk of lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caspases (CASPs) are important regulators and executioners in apoptosis pathway and play a crucial role in the development and progression of cancer. On the basis of the interactions of CASPs in the apoptotic pathway, we evaluated the association between 11 polymorphisms of CASP3, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 genes and the risk of lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypes were determined in 720 patients with lung cancer and 720 healthy controls frequency matched for age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In individual polymorphism analysis, the CASP7 rs2227310C>G and CASP9 rs4645981C>T were associated with 1.40-fold and 1.28-fold increased risk of lung cancer under recessive and dominant models for the variant allele of each polymorphism, respectively. In the case of the CASP3 77G>A, subjects with the GG genotype were at a 1.19-fold increased risk of lung cancer compared with those with at least one variant allele. When the three polymorphisms were combined, the risk of lung cancer increased in a dose-dependent manner as the number of risk genotypes increased (ptrend <0.001). Subjects with two and three risk genotypes carried a significantly increased risk of lung cancer compared with those with zero risk genotype (adjusted odds ratio = 1.56, 95% confidence interval = 1.14-2.13, p = 0.005 and adjusted odds ratio = 2.54, 95% confidence interval = 1.28-5.02, p = 0.008, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that a combined analysis of these three CASP gene polymorphisms might better predict the risk of lung cancer than analysis of a single polymorphism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Samduk 2Ga 50, Daegu 700-412, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Shin Yup
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yi Young
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jin Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Min Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deuk Kju
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyo-Gyoung
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyo-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Won Kee
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Guang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Seung Ick
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Chang Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tae Hoon
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jae Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000235:genetics*; D053179:Caspase 7 / Q000235:genetics*; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505520:CASP7 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053179:Caspase 7; D053453:Caspase 9