title: Quantification of myocardial perfusion using CMR with a radial data acquisition: comparison with a dual-bolus method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quantitative estimates of myocardial perfusion generally require accurate measurement of the arterial input function (AIF). The saturation of signal intensity in the blood that occurs with most doses of contrast agent makes obtaining an accurate AIF challenging. This work seeks to evaluate the performance of a method that uses a radial k-space perfusion sequence and multiple saturation recovery times (SRT) to quantify myocardial perfusion with cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Perfusion CMR was performed at 3 Tesla with a saturation recovery radial turboFLASH sequence with 72 rays. Fourteen subjects were given a low dose (0.004 mmol/kg) of dilute (1/5 concentration) contrast agent (Gd-BOPTA) and then a higher non-dilute dose of the same volume (0.02 mmol/kg). AIFs were calculated from the blood signal in three sub-images with differing effective saturation recovery times. The full and sub-images were reconstructed iteratively with a total variation constraint. The images from the full 72 ray data were processed to obtain six tissue enhancement curves in two slices of the left ventricle in each subject. A 2-compartment model was used to determine absolute flows
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proposed multi-SRT method resulted in AIFs that were similar to those obtained with the dual-bolus method. Myocardial blood flow (MBF) estimates from the dual-bolus and the multi-SRT methods were related by MBFmulti-SRT = 0.85MBFdual-bolus + 0.18 (r = 0.91).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The multi-SRT method, which uses a radial k-space perfusion sequence, can be used to obtain an accurate AIF and thus quantify myocardial perfusion for doses of contrast agent that result in a relatively saturated AIF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah Center for Advanced Imaging Research, Utah 84108, USA.
authors.forename: Tae Ho
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Pack
authors.forename: Liyong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Edward V R
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: DiBella
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D055414:Myocardial Perfusion Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009206:Myocardium