title: MR carotid plaque imaging and contrast-enhanced MR angiography identifies lesions associated with recent ipsilateral thromboembolic symptoms: an in vivo study at 3T.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent research has suggested the importance of plaque composition to identify patients at risk for stroke. This study aims to identify specific plaque features on 3T carotid MR imaging and CE-MRA associated with recent carotid thromboembolic symptoms in patients with mild/moderate versus severe stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-seven consecutive patients (symptomatic, 13; asymptomatic, 84) with 50%-99% stenosis by sonography or CT angiography underwent carotid plaque imaging combined with MRA at 3T. The symptomatic carotid artery or the most stenotic asymptomatic carotid artery was chosen as the index vessel to be analyzed. Plaque features were compared by symptomatic status in patients with mild/moderate (30%-70%) versus severe (70%-99%) stenosis on MRA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety (92.8%) patients had sufficient image quality for interpretation. In 50 patients with mild/moderate stenosis, there were significant associations between the presence of the following plaque characteristics and symptoms: thin/ruptured fibrous cap (100% versus 36%, P = .006) and lipid-rich necrotic core (100% versus 39%, P = .022), with marginal association with hemorrhage (86% versus 33%, P = .055). In 40 patients with severe stenosis, only the angiographic presence of ulceration (86% versus 36%, P = .039) was associated with symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Several plaque components identified on 3T MR imaging are correlated with recent ipsilateral carotid thromboembolic symptoms. These preliminary results also suggest that associations between plaque characteristics and symptom history may vary by degree of stenosis. If confirmed in larger studies, carotid MR imaging may distinguish stable from unstable lesions, particularly in individuals with mild/moderate stenosis in whom the role of surgical intervention is currently unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. jkd@rad.msu.edu
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Demarco
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Potchen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majid
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collar
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Talsma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Potru
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Yarnykh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media