title: HPLC and anti-inflammatory studies of the flavonoid rich chloroform extract fraction of Orthosiphon stamineus leaves.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to verify the anti-inflammatory activity of Orthosiphon stamineus leaf extracts and to identify the active compound(s) contributing to its anti-inflammatory activity using a developed HPLC method. Active chloroform extract of O. stamineus was fractionated into three fractions using a dry flash column chromatography method. These three fractions were investigated for anti-peritoneal capillary permeability, in vitro nitric oxide scavenging activity, anti-inflammatory and nitric oxide (NO) inhibition using carrageenan-induced hind paw edema method. The flavonoid rich chloroform extract fraction (CF2) [containing sinensetin (2.86% w/w), eupatorin (5.05% w/w) and 3'-hydroxy-5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone (1.101% w/w)], significantly reduced rat hind paw edema, NO and decreased dye leakage to peritoneal cavity at p < 0.05. IC(50) of in vitro NO scavenging of CF2 was 0.3 mg/mL. These results suggest that the anti-inflammatory properties of these CF2 may possibly be due to the presence of flavonoid compounds capable of affecting the NO pathway.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia. yammunfei@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mun Fei
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yam
authors.forename: Vuanghao
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ibrahim Muhammad
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: Omar Ziad
authors.initials: OZ
authors.lastname: Ameer
authors.forename: Lee Fung
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.forename: Noersal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rosidah
authors.forename: Muthanna Fawzy
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Abdulkarim
authors.forename: Ghassan Zuhair
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Rusliza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Basir
authors.forename: Amirin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sadikun
authors.forename: Mohd Zaini
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Asmawi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity; D002725:Chloroform / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D031342:Orthosiphon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002725:Chloroform; D002351:Carrageenan