title: Alternatives in cosmetics testing.
abstract: This paper represents a summary of presentations made during a round-table discussion at the ECVAM Opening Symposium. After introductory comments on the cosmetic industry's use of alternative methods in the safety assessment process, the use of alternative methods by L'Oréal and by the Japanese cosmetic industry is outlined, current validation studies in Japan are noted, and the involvement of COLIPA, the European Cosmetic, Toiletry and Perfumery Association, in promoting the use of alternative methods is discussed. Two final sections deal with the effect of data variability on the performance of alternative methods in validation studies and on the integrated use of quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis with other approaches in the safety assessment process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, 56123 Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Loprieno
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Bruner
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cottin
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: De Silva
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato