title: Acquisition of HIV-1 resistance in T lymphocytes using an ACA-specific E. coli mRNA interferase.
abstract: Transcriptional activation of gene expression directed by the long terminal repeat (LTR) of HIV-1 requires both the transactivation response element (TAR) and Tat protein. HIV-1 mutants lacking a functional tat gene are not able to proliferate. Here we take a genetic approach to suppress HIV-1 replication based on Tat-dependent production of MazF, an ACA-specific endoribonuclease (mRNA interferase) from Escherichia coli. When induced, MazF is known to cause Bak- and NBK-dependent apoptotic cell death in mammalian cells. We first constructed a retroviral vector, in which the mazF (ACA-less) gene was inserted under the control of the HIV-1 LTR, which was then transduced into CD4+ T-lymphoid CEM-SS cells in such a way that, upon HIV-1 infection, the mazF gene is induced to destroy the infecting HIV-1 mRNA, preventing HIV-1 replication. Indeed, when the transduced cells were infected with HIV-1 IIIB, the viral replication was effectively inhibited, as HIV-1 IIIB p24 could not be detected in the culture medium. Consistently, not only cell growth but also the CD4 level was not affected by the infection. These results suggest that the HIV-1-LTR-regulated mazF gene was effectively induced upon HIV-1 IIIB infection, which is sufficient enough to destroy the viral mRNA from the infected HIV-1 IIIB to completely block viral proliferation in the cells, but not to affect normal cell growth. These results indicate that the T cells transduced with the HIV-1-LTR-regulated mazF gene acquire HIV-1 resistance, providing an intriguing potential for the use of the HIV-1-LTR-regulated mazF gene in anti-HIV gene therapy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Takara Bio Inc., Otsu, Shiga, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chono
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sujeong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ageyama
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terao
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasutomi
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mineno
authors.forename: Sunyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Masayori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inouye
authors.forename: Ikunoshin
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020218:Response Elements; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D014779:Virus Replication; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C422955:MazF protein, E coli; D012367:RNA, Viral; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D004722:Endoribonucleases