Norwalk virus does not replicate in human macrophages or dendritic cells derived from the peripheral blood of susceptible humans.
Human noroviruses are difficult to study due to the lack of an efficient in vitro cell culture system or small animal model. Murine norovirus replicates in murine macrophages (MPhi) and dendritic cells (DCs), raising the possibility that human NoVs might replicate in such human cell types. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated DCs and MPhi derived from monocyte subsets and CD11c(+) DCs isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals susceptible to Norwalk virus (NV) infection. These cells were exposed to NV and replication was evaluated by immunofluorescence and by quantitative RT-PCR. A few PBMC-derived DCs expressed NV proteins. However, NV RNA did not increase in any of the cells tested. These results demonstrate that NV does not replicate in human CD11c(+) DCs, monocyte-derived DCs and MPhi, but abortive infection may occur in a few DCs. These results suggest that NV tropism is distinct from that of murine noroviruses.
Lay
Margarita K
MK
Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Atmar
Robert L
RL
Guix
Susana
S
Bharadwaj
Uddalak
U
He
Hong
H
Neill
Frederick H
FH
Sastry
K Jagannadha
KJ
Yao
Qizhi
Q
Estes
Mary K
MK
D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D005647:Fucosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D009663:Norwalk virus / Q000145:classification / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D056189:Viral Tropism; D014779:Virus Replication; D000097631:Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase
D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D017931:DNA Primers; D005647:Fucosyltransferases; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D007370:Interferon Type I; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D000097631:Galactoside 2-alpha-L-fucosyltransferase; C095235:CX3CR1 protein, human; C428200:FCGR3B protein, human