title: Platelet P2Y₁₂ receptor inhibition: an update on clinical drug development.
abstract: Antiplatelet therapy is the cornerstone of treatment for patients with coronary artery disease. Since adenosine diphosphate (ADP) represents one of the most important mediators of thrombosis, the inhibition of the platelet ADP receptor, in particular the P2Y₁₂ subtype, plays a pivotal role in secondary prevention of recurrent atherothrombotic events in high-risk settings. Numerous clinical trials have shown the efficacy of clopidogrel, an inhibitor of the ADP P2Y₁₂ receptor, in patients presenting with an acute coronary syndrome and undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. However, laboratory and clinical experience with clopidogrel have led to understanding some of the limitations of this drug, the most important of which is its broad range in interindividual response variability, resulting in the development of novel ADP P2Y₁₂ receptor-inhibiting strategies. This article provides an overview of ADP P2Y₁₂ receptor-inhibiting strategies, including high clopidogrel dosing regimens and novel agents under advanced clinical development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville, Florida 32209, USA.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vivas
authors.forename: Dominick J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Angiolillo
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D058925:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C548576:P2RY12 protein, human; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D011725:Pyridines; D058925:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; C446540:thienopyridine; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine