title: A low-fidelity simulation curriculum addresses needs identified by faculty and improves the comfort level of senior internal medicine resident physicians with inhospital resuscitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to describe the essential elements of in hospital resuscitation knowledge and skills for senior internal medicine resident physicians and to evaluate a low-fidelity simulation course that incorporates these elements.
  
  
  METHODS
  In part 1, attending physicians were electronically surveyed using a modified Dillman method. A broad list of knowledge skills sets was gathered from recent resuscitation guidelines. In part 2, a 2-day, low-fidelity simulation, case-based curriculum was designed based on the results of part 1. Course participants were surveyed 1 month before and 1 month after the course.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four academic teaching hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Attending physicians in cardiology, critical care, and internal medicine responded to the needs assessment survey. A convenience sample of internal medicine residents responded to the surveys before and after the course.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents ranked items on a 6-point Likert scale for all surveys. Responses were collated using descriptive statistics. This study met the requirements of the Research Ethics Board.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In part 1, the response rate was 75% (n = 93), with the majority (52%) of respondents being internal medicine attending physicians. The top five knowledge sets were cardiac rhythm assessment, discussion of code status, delivery of bad news, management of wide complex tachycardia, and management of bradycardia. The top five skills were defibrillation, airway assessment, bag-mask ventilation, central venous access, and cardioversion. In part 2, the response rate was 93% (n = 27) before and 85% (n = 23) after course. Only 28% of residents felt prepared to lead resuscitations before the course. After the course, 45% of participants reporting using the knowledge and skills during a resuscitation. Significant changes in median confidence scores before to after the course occurred in important domains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the needs assessment should be used to tailor resuscitation education for residents. An educational need exists for resident physicians. This low-fidelity simulation course improves self-reported confidence in resuscitation knowledge and skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. ahealey@sympatico.ca
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Healey
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sherbino
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mensour
authors.forename: Suneel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Upadhye
authors.forename: Parveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wasi
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D020380:Needs Assessment; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012151:Resuscitation; D000078329:Workforce