title: Comparative immunological effect of anticoagulant and antioxidant therapy in the prevention of abortion in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Considering the potential adverse effects of anticoagulation in abortion treatment, we investigate whether antioxidants might exert the same immunoprotection. Although the fertility properties of Vitamin E have been associated with its antioxidant capacity, its effect on cytokine balance during pregnancy is still unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant females from CBA/J × DBA/2 abortion model were orally supplemented with Vitamin E or inoculated intraperitoneally with enoxaparin. Foeto-placental units were scored at 14.5 days of pregnancy, and abortion rate was calculated. Cytokine placental levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitamin E (15 mg/day) has been able to decrease abortion rate and to increase IL-6 placental levels, while both treatments increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) placental levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin E and enoxaparin are able not only to prevent foetal wastage but also to balance IL-6 and VEGF placental levels, presenting a new potential therapeutic alternative for patients with recurrent abortion not associated with thrombophilias.
authors.affiliation: IDEHU (CONICET)/Department of Immunology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina Halitus Medical Institute, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Junovich
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dubinsky
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sarto
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pasqualini
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D000975:Antioxidants; D017984:Enoxaparin; D015850:Interleukin-6; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014810:Vitamin E