title: Impact of physical activity and body composition on heart function and morphology in middle-aged, abdominally obese women.
abstract: Several studies have shown training induced morphological changes in the heart. Our aim was to assess how frequent, low-intensity exercise (walking and cycling) influences heart function and morphology in abdominally obese women. Fifty women with abdominal obesity (mean age 47.0 +/- 7.5 years, waist circumference (WC) 103.2 +/- 7.8 cm), free of cardiovascular problems were recruited. They were equipped with a bicycle and pedometers and instructed to start commuting in a physically active way for 6 months. Evaluation of cardiac function and morphology was performed using echocardiography (ECHO) before and after 6 months of training. The subjects increased significantly their daily physical activity. After 6 months, there was a significant decrease in WC (from 103.3 +/- 7.9 to 100.8 +/- 8.4 cm, P = 0.0003), in systolic and diastolic blood pressure (126.8 +/- 15.2 to 120.4 +/- 14.5 mmHg, P = 0.0001, and 79.8 +/- 7.8 to 77.8 +/- 8.4 mmHg, P = 0.0006, respectively). ECHO showed an increase in the right ventricular (RV) systolic longitudinal function expressed as tricuspid annular motion from 22.00 +/- 3.30 to 23.05 +/- 3.59 mm, P = 0.015; and a similar trend in left ventricular (LV) mitral annular motion, which increased from 13.09 +/- 1.53 to 13.39 +/- 1.47 mm, P = 0.070. Cycling was associated with reductions in LV systolic and RV diastolic dimensions, whereas walking was not associated with any changes in the ECHO-variables. A reduction in WC by frequent, low-intensity exercise in abdominally obese women is associated with decrease in blood pressure and improved longitudinal RV systolic function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Obesity Unit Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uddén
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Obesity Unit Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hemmingsson
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology, Aker University Hospital and Oslo University, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agewall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D056128:Obesity, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right; D055105:Waist Circumference; D016138:Walking