title: Lessons learned from 1,000 neobladders: the 90-day complication rate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the 90-day morbidity of the ileal neobladder in a large, contemporary, homogenous series of patients who underwent radical cystectomy at a tertiary academic referral center using a standard approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1986 and September 2008 we performed 1,540 radical cystectomies. A total of 281 patients had an absolute contraindication for orthotopic reconstruction. The remaining 1,259 patients were candidates for a neobladder. Of these patients 1,013 (66%) finally received a neobladder and form the basis of this report. All patients had a thorough followup until December 2008 or until death. All complications within 90 days of surgery were defined, categorized and classified by an established 5 grade and 11 domain modification of the original Clavien system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1,013 patients 587 (58%) experienced at least 1 complication within 90 days of surgery. Infectious complications were most common (24%) followed by genitourinary (17%), gastrointestinal (15%) and wound related complications (9%). The 90-day mortality rate was 2.3%. Of the patients 36% had minor (grade 1 to 2) and 22% had major (grade 3 to 5) complications. On univariate analysis the incidence and severity of the 90-day complications rate correlate highly significantly with age, tumor stage, American Society of Anesthesiologists score and preoperative comorbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radical cystectomy and ileal neobladder formation represent a major surgery with potential relevant early complications even in the most experienced hands. The rate of severe and lethal complications is acceptably low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hautmann
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: de Petriconi
authors.forename: Bjoern G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Volkmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000009:adverse effects*