title: Low-fluoride toothpaste and deciduous enamel demineralization under biofilm accumulation and sucrose exposure.
abstract: Because low-fluoride toothpaste (500 p.p.m. F) has not clearly been shown to be effective for controlling caries in caries-active children, this experimental in situ study was conducted to evaluate whether its effect, when compared with a conventional toothpaste (1,000-1,500 p.p.m. F), would depend on the cariogenic challenge. During four phases of 14 d each, 14 volunteers used 500 or 1,100 p.p.m. F toothpaste and wore palatal appliances containing deciduous enamel slabs, on which biofilm was accumulated and exposed to 20% sucrose solution at frequencies increasing from two to eight times per day. The F concentration was determined in the biofilm formed, and enamel demineralization was assessed by surface hardness loss (% SHL) and integrated area of hardness x lesion depth (DeltaS). The F uptake by enamel was also determined. Fluoride in biofilm fluid and solids was statistically higher when conventional F toothpaste was used. The toothpastes did not differ statistically in terms of % SHL, DeltaS, and F in enamel, but only the conventional F toothpaste significantly reduced caries-lesion progression according to the frequency of sucrose exposure. The findings suggest that the high-F availability in biofilm, resulting from the use of conventional toothpaste compared with low-F toothpaste, may be important for reducing caries-lesion progression in conjunction with a high frequency of sucrose exposure.
authors.affiliation: Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Piracicaba, Brazil. jcury@fop.unicamp.br
authors.forename: Jaime A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
authors.forename: Regiane C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: do Amaral
authors.forename: Livia M A
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Tenuta
authors.forename: Altair A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Del Bel Cury
authors.forename: Cínthia P M
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tabchoury
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018441:Biofilms; D001682:Biological Availability; D002326:Cariogenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000473:pathology*; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000032:analysis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002326:Cariogenic Agents; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides