title: Iatrogenic vesicovaginal fistula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find the frequency of iatrogenic VVF in patients admitted for repair of VVF in Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lady Willingdon Hospital, Lahore, from January 2007 to December 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  All cases of VVF treated at the centre during the study period were included in the study. The patients were admitted and evaluated through detailed history, physical examination, relevant investigations and evaluation under general anaesthesia (EUA). Iatrogenic VVF was defined as the one following gynaecological procedure. Repair was done through abdominal or vaginal route based on the findings of EUA. RESULTS of repair were noted and analyzed using SPSS version 12.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Iatrogenic cases of VVF made more than half of the total cases (54%) while 46% were due to obstructed labour. Women under the age of 40 years, made up 77% of the total cases. The success rate for repair of VVF was 87%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that iatrogenic injuries in women under 40 years of age form a major share in the etiology of VVF requiring a check on the experience of surgeons doing the gynaecological and obstetrical surgeries in a developing country.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King Edward Medical University, Lahore.
authors.forename: Yasmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Raashid
authors.forename: Tayyaba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tmajeed
authors.forename: Naeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Majeed
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shahzad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D014719:Vesicovaginal Fistula / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult