title: Patterns of antidepressant medication use among pregnant women in a United States population.
abstract: This article describes the pattern of reported antidepressant use around the time of pregnancy in a population-based sample of women who delivered live-born babies without birth defects. Data were used from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, an ongoing case-control study of risk factors for birth defects covering 10 US states. Mothers of live-born infants without birth defects (controls) born between 1998 and 2005 were randomly selected from each site. Information on the mother's characteristics and exposure to antidepressants was collected via a standardized telephone interview. Among 6582 mothers included in the study, 298 (4.5%) reported use of an antidepressant in the period of 3 months before through the end of pregnancy. Use of selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors was reported most often (3.8%), followed by bupropion (0.7%). A statistically significant decline was observed, from 3.1% to 2.3% (P < .001), in reported use of antidepressants between the first and second month after conception. The frequency of reported antidepressant use at any time during pregnancy increased from 2.5% in 1998 to 8.1% in 2005 (P < .001) in 4 states. The findings show an increase in reported antidepressant use over a 9-year period and a substantial decrease in use around the usual time of pregnancy recognition.
authors.affiliation: National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Sura
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alwan
authors.forename: Jennita
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reefhuis
authors.forename: Sonja A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D016642:Bupropion; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors