title: Assessment of ascending aorta wall stiffness in hypertensive patients by tissue Doppler imaging and strain Doppler echocardiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aortic stiffness may be associated with an increased incidence of cardiovascular events and has been reported to be related to arterial wall motion velocities as measured by tissue Doppler imaging.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the potential clinical application of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) for assessment of aortic function parameters in healthy and hypertensive adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  110 hypertensive and 80 healthy adults were examined. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (Aix) were measured as standard parameters of arterial stiffness by an oscillometric system. Aortic M-mode and TDI parameters were measured. Aortic distensibility (D) and aortic stiffness index (SI) were calculated using accepted formulae. Anterior wall aortic expansion velocity (S(Ao)), acceleration time (AT(Ao)), early (E(Ao)) and late (A(Ao)) diastolic retraction velocity and peak systolic radial strain (epsilon(Ao)) were determined. Comprehensive echocardiography was performed for the assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic/diastolic function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S(Ao), E(Ao) and e(Ao) were significantly lower in hypertensive subjects (p<.001, p<.001, and p<.0001, respectively). Reduced D (p<.05 vs controls) and increased PWV (p<.05 vs controls) and SI (p<.01 vs controls) were consistent with evidence of increased aortic stiffness in both male and female hypertensive patients. PWV and Aix increased and D decreased with increasing age or systolic blood pressure. Multivariate analysis showed epsilon(Ao) to be independently related (R2 = 0.63) to pulse pressure, LV mass index and diastolic function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ascending aorta TDI provides wall velocity and strain data differentiating hypertensive from healthy adults and reflecting aortic compliance changes related to age and sex and LV diastolic function.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac and Medical Departments, Sapienza Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. vitar@tiscali.it
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitarelli
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Germanò
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pergolini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cicconetti
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tomei
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sancini
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dettori
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Capotosto
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Cicco
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Maio
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vitarelli
authors.forename: Pasqualina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bruno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001011:Aorta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009991:Oscillometry / Q000379:methods; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology