title: Inflammasomes and anti-viral immunity.
abstract: Type I Interferons are the hallmark cytokines deployed during infection to combat invading viruses. However, inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin (IL)-1beta and IL-18 also play important roles in anti-viral defenses. The activity of IL-1beta and IL18 are regulated at the level of expression, processing, and secretion. Several classes of innate immune receptors control the expression of these cytokines, which must then be proteolytically processed via caspase-1. In this review, we provide an overview of how caspase-1-activating inflammasomes participate during viral infections and their role in regulating anti-viral immunity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 364 Plantation Street, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
authors.forename: Vijay A K
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Rathinam
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020170:Caspase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000276:immunology*; D007372:Interferons / Q000276:immunology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000819:agonists / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: C410167:AIM2 protein, human; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D058847:Inflammasomes; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D007372:Interferons; D020170:Caspase 1