Application of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells in periodontal tissue regeneration.
Tissue engineering provides a new paradigm for periodontal tissue regeneration in which proper stem cells and effective cellular factors are very important. The objective of this study was, for the first time, to investigate the capabilities and advantages of periodontal tissue regeneration using induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells and enamel matrix derivatives (EMD). In this study the effect of EMD gel on iPS cells in vitro was first determined, and then tissue engineering technique was performed to repair periodontal defects in three groups: silk scaffold only; silk scaffold + EMD; and silk scaffold + EMD + iPS cells. EMD greatly enhanced the mRNA expression of Runx2 but inhibited the mRNA expression of OC and mineralization nodule formation in vitro. Transplantation of iPS cells showed higher expression levels of OC, Osx, and Runx2 genes, both 12 and 24 days postsurgery. At 24 days postsurgery in the iPS cell group, histological analysis showed much more new alveolar bone and cementum formation with regenerated periodontal ligament between them. The results showed the commitment role that EMD contributes in mesenchymal progenitors to early cells in the osteogenic lineage. iPS cells combined with EMD provide a valuable tool for periodontal tissue engineering, by promoting the formation of new cementum, alveolar bone, and normal periodontal ligament.
Duan
Xuejing
X
Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
Tu
Qisheng
Q
Zhang
Jin
J
Ye
Jinhai
J
Sommer
Cesar
C
Mostoslavsky
Gustavo
G
Kaplan
David
D
Yang
Pishan
P
Chen
Jake
J
D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000378:metabolism; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000502:physiology; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; C109069:enamel matrix proteins