title: Mitotic trafficking of silicon microparticles.
abstract: Multistage carriers were recently introduced by our laboratory, with the concurrent objectives of co-localized delivery of multiple therapeutic agents, the "theranostic" integration of bioactive moieties with imaging contrast, and the selective, potentially personalized bypassing of the multiplicity of biological barriers that adversely impact biodistribution of vascularly injected particulates. Mesoporous ("nanoporous") silicon microparticles were selected as primary carriers in multi-stage devices, with targets including vascular endothelia at pathological lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate biocompatibility of mesoporous silicon microparticles with endothelial cells using in vitro assays with an emphasis on microparticle compatibility with mitotic events. We observed that vascular endothelial cells, following internalization of silicon microparticles, maintain cellular integrity, as demonstrated by cellular morphology, viability and intact mitotic trafficking of vesicles bearing silicon microparticles. The presence of gold or iron oxide nanoparticles within the porous matrix did not alter the cellular uptake of particles or the viability of endothelial cells subsequent to engulfment of microparticles. Endothelial cells maintained basal levels of IL-6 and IL-8 release in the presence of silicon microparticles. This is the first study that demonstrates polarized, ordered partitioning of endosomes based on tracking microparticles. The finding that mitotic sorting of endosomes is unencumbered by the presence of nanoporous silicon microparticles advocates the use of silicon microparticles for biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center, Department of Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering, 1825 Pressler, Suite 537, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Rita E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Serda
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrati
authors.forename: Biana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Godin
authors.forename: Ennio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tasciotti
authors.forename: XueWu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D049329:Nanostructures; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D010587:Phagocytosis; D016062:Porosity; D011554:Pseudopodia; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012825:Silicon