title: Percutaneous ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma: current status.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an increasingly common disease with dismal long-term survival. Percutaneous ablation has gained popularity as a minimally invasive, potentially curative therapy for HCC in nonoperative candidates. The seminal technique of percutaneous ethanol injection has been largely supplanted by newer modalities, including radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, cryoablation, and high-intensity focused ultrasound ablation. A review of these modalities, including technical success, survival rates, and complications, will be presented, as well as considerations for treatment planning and follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Radiology, University of California Los Angeles Medical Center, 757 Westwood Plaza, Suite 2125C, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. jumcwilliams@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Justin P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McWilliams
authors.forename: Shota
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Steven S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Stephen T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Kee
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D003452:Cryosurgery; D004867:Equipment Design; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D057086:High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D018579:Patient Selection; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol