title: Adipogenic differentiation of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells obtained from cryopreserved adipose aspirates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although frozen adipose tissue is frequently used for soft tissue augmentation, the viability of frozen fat remains a controversy. The cryopreservation of adipose tissue is important for the future use of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) and adipocytes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether optimal cryopreservation techniques with regard to the addition of cryopreservative agents and preservation temperature is essential for the long-term storage of adipose tissue and whether ASCs from cryopreserved adipose aspirates are reliable for use in adipogenic differentiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adipose tissue was frozen directly or with cryoprotectant at -20 degrees C or -80 degrees C for 1 year. The viability of adipose aspirates and the differentiation of ASCs isolated from adipose tissue were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The viability of adipose aspirates frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide at -80 degrees C was approximately 87% after 2 months of storage. Moreover, ASCs from adipose tissue stored with cryoprotectant survived successfully for 1 year and differentiated into adipocytes, although ASCs were not detected in the directly frozen adipose tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adipose tissue cryopreserved with cryoprotectant and stored at optimal temperature might prove to be a reliable source of human ASCs and adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Anterogen Co. Ltd., Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Inok
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mihyung
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; D005615:Freezing; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000166:cytology*; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014022:Tissue Survival
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide