title: Supplemental barley protein and casein similarly affect serum lipids in hypercholesterolemic women and men.
abstract: High-protein diets have been advocated for weight loss and the treatment of diabetes. Yet animal protein sources are often high in saturated fat and cholesterol. Vegetable protein sources, by contrast, are low in saturated fat and without associated cholesterol. We have therefore assessed the effect on serum lipids of raising the protein intake by 5% using a cereal protein, barley protein, as part of a standard therapeutic diet. Twenty-three hypercholesterolemic men and postmenopausal women completed a randomized crossover study comparing a bread enriched with either barley protein or calcium caseinate [30 g protein, 8374 kJ (2000 kcal)] taken separately as two 1-mo treatment phases with a minimum 2-wk washout. Body weight and diet history were collected weekly during each treatment. Fasting blood samples were obtained at wk 0, 2, and 4. Palatability, satiety, and compliance were similar for both the barley protein- and casein-enriched breads, with no differences between the treatments in effects on serum LDL cholesterol or C-reactive protein, measures of oxidative stress, or blood pressure. Nevertheless, because no adverse effects were observed on cardiovascular risk factors, barley protein remains an additional option for raising the protein content of the diet.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Nutrition and Risk Factor Modification Center, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: David J A
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Korbua
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Srichaikul
authors.forename: Julia M W
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Cyril W C
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: Balachandran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bashyam
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vidgen
authors.forename: Benoicirct
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamarche
authors.forename: A Venketeshwer
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Peter J H
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Josse
authors.forename: Chung-Ja C
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Lawrence A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Leiter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis; D002364:Caseins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000178:diet therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D010940:Plant Proteins