title: [Effects of a protein kinase C inhibitor combined with cisplatin on non-small cell lung cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects and possible mechanisms of the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor chelerythrine chloride (CH), combined with cisplatin (DDP) on human non-small cell lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of CH, DDP and the combination on proliferation and apoptosis of human lung cancer cell line A549 were evaluated by MTT assay and flow cytometry respectively. The inhibitory effects of CH and DDP on neoplasia were verified on subcutaneous implanted tumor of nude mice. Implanted tumor models were constructed in nude mice using human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549. Twenty-four BALB/c nude mice with implanted tumors were divided into 4 groups randomly: group CH, group DDP, group CH + DDP, and normal saline group (group NS), each with 5 mice. CH, DDP or NS were intraperitoneally injected into nude mice for 3 weeks (DDP or NS was injected once a week, CH was injected twice a week).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CH inhibited A549 cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent pattern. When CH and DDP were combined, the inhibitory effect was enhanced in a synergistic or additive pattern. Both CH and DDP significantly increased the apoptosis of A549 cells, and this action was remarkably increased when DDP was combined with CH. CH and DDP inhibited the growth of subcutaneous implanted tumor in nude mice and the inhibitory rate of group CH + DDP (80.5%) was significantly higher than that of group CH (72.4%) or group DDP (64.3%) (t = 11.34, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CH combined with DDP shows significantly synergistic anti-tumor effects on non-small cell lung cancer cell line A549 and subcutaneous implanted tumor in nude mice, possibly by enhancement of growth inhibition and apoptosis induction on tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Chest Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-qiang
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Bao-hui
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hui-fang
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.forename: Zhen-yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Xiao-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jiu-xian
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; C016299:chelerythrine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002945:Cisplatin