title: Magnetic resonance imaging of large chromophobe renal cell carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to clarify the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of large chromophobe renal cell carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients diagnosed pathologically with chromophobe renal cell carcinoma are included. MRI findings were retrospectively evaluated for the tumor contour, uniformity and hypointensity of the rim of the tumor on T2-weighted images, "microscopic fat," enhancement degree and pattern on dynamic study, and necrosis in the tumor, among other findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor size ranged from 4.8 to 13.7 cm (mean 7.9 cm). The tumor contour was well defined in four patients. All but one tumor showed a hypointensity rim, and all tumors had a heterogeneous appearance on T2-weighted images. "Microscopic fat" was detected in one case. All tumors demonstrated low enhancement compared to that of the renal cortex. All tumors showed heterogeneous enhancement on postcontrast images. Necrosis was seen in four. Hemorrhage and renal vein thrombosis was seen in one.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chromophobe renal cell carcinomas of large size tend to have a heterogeneous appearance on postcontrast and T2-weighted images, a well-defined tumor contour with a hypointensity rim on T2-wighted images, and lower enhancement than that of the renal cortex. Tumor necrosis is easily apparent, and "microscopic fat" may be observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga, 849-8501, Japan. k.sasaguri@gmail.com
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaguri
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamochi
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakazono
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uozumi
authors.forename: Sho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kudo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA