title: A peri-trigonal giant tumefactive cavernous malformation: case report and review of literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Giant cavernous malformations (GCMs) constitute an uncommon entity in the diagnostic armamentarium of the neurosurgeon. We report a 3-year-old boy with a GCM in the peri-trigonal region and review 13 other paediatric cases previously reported in literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3-year-old boy presented with right-sided hemiparesis and features of raised intracranial pressure of short duration. Computed tomography showed a large left peri-trigonal mass with a bleed. Magnetic resonance imaging showed associated perilesional edema and mass effect, rendering the lesion a tumefactive appearance. He underwent total excision of the lesion, with subsequent recovery of hemiparesis. Histopathology was reported as a cavernoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinico-radiological presentation of GCM is discussed based on a case report and relevant cases in literature. Good surgical outcome can be expected with total microsurgical excision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A giant cavernous malformation should be one of the differentials of a lesion with a tumefactive clinico-radiological presentation in children. There should be a high index of suspicion for such a diagnosis, especially when the lesion does not enhance with contrast. This is the third case report in paediatric literature describing a periventricular location of this unusual lesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Medical Sciences, Whitefield, Bangalore, 560066, India. sumit.thakar@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sumit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thakar
authors.forename: Sunil V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Furtado
authors.forename: Nandita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghosal
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hegde
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020786:Hemangioma, Cavernous, Central Nervous System / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010291:Paresis / Q000209:etiology