title: Diurnal and nocturnal effects of brimonidine monotherapy on intraocular pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of brimonidine monotherapy on intraocular pressure (IOP) during the nocturnal/sleep period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, open-label experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension (ages, 46-72 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data of 24-hour IOP in untreated patients were collected in a sleep laboratory. Measurements of IOP were taken using a pneumatonometer every 2 hours in the sitting and supine body positions during the 16-hour diurnal/wake period and in the supine position during the 8-hour nocturnal/sleep period. Patients were treated afterward with 0.1% brimonidine 3 times per day for 4 weeks, and 24-hour IOP data were collected under the same laboratory conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diurnal and nocturnal IOP means under the brimonidine treatment were compared with the baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diurnal IOP mean was significantly lower under the brimonidine treatment than the baseline IOP in both the sitting and supine positions. There was no statistically significant change in IOP under the brimonidine treatment from the baseline during the nocturnal period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although 0.1% brimonidine monotherapy significantly lowered IOP during the diurnal/wake period, it did not significantly lower IOP during the nocturnal/sleep period.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.
authors.affiliation: Hamilton Glaucoma Center and Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. joliu@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: John H K
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Felipe A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: J Rigby
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Slight
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Weinreb
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011810:Quinoxalines; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate