title: Map of the spirit: Diagnosis and treatment of spiritual disease.
abstract: Holistic medicine presupposes that the body, mind, and spirit all influence health. At present, however, we lack any overarching paradigm for assessing and treating the spiritual aspect of disease. Map of the Spirit presents a potentially universal framework of human spiritual development. In this framework, spiritual progress is determined by the balance between 2 forces-Seeking (forward-tending force) and Resistance (force opposing Seeking). Greater Seeking and lower Spiritual Satisfaction predispose toward greater Spiritual Stress, which adds to patients' overall stress and, thereby, influences their health. Addressing Spiritual Stress may improve patients' physical and psychological symptoms. This framework also proposes 4 universal and sequential stages of human spiritual development-Pre-awareness, Awareness, Commitment, and Union. Spiritual experiences, classified into 3 distinct types-Awareness, Commitment, and Union Experiences-are the principal markers between these spiritual stages. Map of the Spirit presents a potentially universal and easy-to-apply framework for assessing (1) how important spirituality is to patients' health, (2) where patients are spiritually, and (3) when and how best to intervene to facilitate their spiritual development and potentially improve their overall health.
authors.affiliation: Health and Healing Clinic, Institute for Health and Healing, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Cantwell
mesh_terms: D006694:Holistic Health; D006801:Humans; D019222:Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical; D012068:Religion and Medicine; D029181:Spirituality