title: Antibacterial activity of Thai herbal extracts on acne involved microorganism.
abstract: Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of 18 Thai medicinal plants were investigated for their antibacterial activity against Propionibacterium acnes, Stapylococcus aureus, and S. epidermidis. Thirteen plant extracts were capable of inhibiting the growth of P. acnes and S. epidermidis, while 14 plant extracts exhibited an inhibitory effect on S. aureus. Based on the broth dilution method, the ethyl acetate extract of Alpinia galanga (L.) Wild. (Zingiberaceae) rhizome showed the strongest antibacterial effect against P. acnes, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values of 156.0 and 312.0 microg/mL, respectively. On the basis of bioassay-guided purification, the ethyl acetate extract was isolated to afford the antibacterial active compound, which was identified as 1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (1'-ACA). 1'-ACA had a strong inhibitory effect on P. acnes with MIC and MBC values of 62.0 and 250.0 microg/mL, respectively. Thus, 1'-ACA was used as an indicative marker for standardization of A. galanga extract using high performance liquid chromatography. These results suggest that A. galanga extract could be an interesting agent for further studies on an alternative treatment of acne.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, Thailand.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niyomkam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaewbumrung
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaewnpparat
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panichayupakaranant
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D032429:Alpinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts