title: Mercury concentrations in water resources potentially impacted by coal-fired power stations and artisanal gold mining in Mpumalanga, South Africa.
abstract: Total mercury (TotHg) and methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations were determined in various environmental compartments collected from water resources of three Water Management Areas (WMAs) - viz. Olifants, Upper Vaal and Inkomati WMAs, potentially impacted by major anthropogenic mercury (Hg) sources (i.e coal-fired power stations and artisanal gold mining activities). Aqueous TotHg concentrations were found to be elevated above the global average (5.0 ng/L) in 38% of all aqueous samples, while aqueous MeHg concentrations ranged from below the detection limit (0.02 ng/L) to 2.73 +/- 0.10 ng/L. Total Hg concentrations in surface sediment (0-4 cm) ranged from 0.75 +/- 0.01 to 358.23 +/- 76.83 ng/g wet weight (ww). Methylmercury accounted for, on average, 24% of TotHg concentrations in sediment. Methylmercury concentrations were not correlated with TotHg concentrations or organic content in sediment. The concentration of MeHg in invertebrates and fish were highest in the Inkomati WMA and, furthermore, measured just below the US EPA guideline for MeHg in fish.
authors.affiliation: Natural Resources and the Environment, CSIR, Stellenbosch, South Africa. cwilliams@csir.co.za
authors.forename: Chavon R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Joy J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Leaner
authors.forename: Jaco M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nel
authors.forename: Vernon S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Somerset
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004777:Environment; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000378:metabolism; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D008906:Mining; D011210:Power Plants; D013019:South Africa; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D006046:Gold; D008628:Mercury