title: Comparison of recovery patterns and prognostic indicators for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in China: the ChinaQUEST (QUality Evaluation of Stroke Care and Treatment) Registry study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Limited data exist on the comparative recovery patterns and outcomes of patients with ischemic stroke and intracerebral hemorrhage in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on baseline characteristics and outcomes of 6354 patients at 3 and 12 months poststroke are from ChinaQUEST (QUality Evaluation of Stroke Care and Treatment), a multicenter, prospective, 62-hospital registry study in China. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with a poor outcome defined by death/dependency (modified Rankin Scale score of 3 to 5) on follow-up. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess variations in recovery pattern by stroke type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline severity and rate of functional recovery in the early phase were significantly greater for intracerebral hemorrhage. However, patients with ischemic stroke were on average twice as likely to experience a good outcome (modified Rankin Scale score <3) by 12 months poststroke (OR: 1.98, CI: 1.76 to 2.24). In patients with ischemic stroke, diabetes and atrial fibrillation were strongly associated with a poor outcome at 12 months poststroke even after adjustment for confounding factors such as age, prior stroke/dependency, time to presentation, and stroke severity, whereas use of antiplatelets and lipid-lowering therapy after stroke were associated with improved outcome. For patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, low education and atrial fibrillation were associated with a poor outcome after adjustment for potential confounders and antihypertensive use was strongly associated with improved outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with intracerebral hemorrhage and ischemic stroke have different recovery patterns in China. However, they share similar prognostic factors and in the use of evidence-based secondary prevention therapies to maximize chances of a good outcome.
authors.affiliation: BPharm, The George Institute for International Health, PO Box M201, Missenden Road, Camperdown NSW 2050, Australia. jwei@george.org.au.
authors.forename: Jade W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Emma L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Heeley
authors.forename: Ji-Guang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yining
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Lawrence K S
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Zhengyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heritier
authors.forename: Hisatomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012042:Registries; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome