title: Induction of early Purkinje cell dendritic differentiation by thyroid hormone requires RORα.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The active form (T3) of thyroid hormone (TH) controls critical aspects of cerebellar development, such as migration of postmitotic neurons and terminal dendritic differentiation of Purkinje cells. The effects of T3 on early dendritic differentiation are poorly understood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we have analyzed the influence of T3 on the progression of the early steps of Purkinje cell dendritic differentiation in postnatal day 0 organotypic cerebellar cultures. These steps include, successively, regression of immature neuritic processes, a stellate cell stage, and the extension of several long and mature perisomatic protrusions before the growth of the ultimate dendritic tree. We also studied the involvement of RORalpha, a nuclear receptor controlling early Purkinje cell dendritic differentiation. We show that T3 treatment leads to an accelerated progression of the early steps of dendritic differentiation in culture, together with an increased expression of RORalpha (mRNA and protein) in both Purkinje cells and interneurons. Finally, we show that T3 failed to promote early dendritic differentiation in staggerer RORalpha-deficient Purkinje cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that T3 action on the early Purkinje cell dendritic differentiation process is mediated by RORalpha.
authors.affiliation: UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 7102 NPA, Paris, France. fatiha.boukhtouche@gmail.com
authors.forename: Fatiha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boukhtouche
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brugg
authors.forename: Rosine
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wehrlé
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bois-Joyeux
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Danan
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dusart
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mariani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D003712:Dendrites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007395:Interneurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D057094:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D057094:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1; D014284:Triiodothyronine