title: Antimicrobial peptide hCAP-18/LL-37 protein and mRNA expressions in different periodontal diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the levels of antimicrobial peptide hCAP-18/LL-37 protein and mRNA expression in gingival tissues with different periodontal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis, 10 patients with chronic periodontitis, and 10 healthy controls were included in this study. Periodontal parameters including probing depth, clinical attachment level, plaque index, and papilla bleeding index were assessed in study subjects. hCAP-18/LL-37 mRNA analysis by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were performed in 19 samples provided enough RNA in terms of concentration and integrity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study demonstrated that hCAP-18/LL-37 was a product of neutrophils. Tissue samples of chronic periodontitis patients had significantly higher immunostaining of hCAP-18/LL-37 on neutrophils infiltrating in both epithelium and connective tissue compared with controls. hCAP-18/LL-37 mRNA expression levels in tissue samples of chronic periodontitis patients seemed to be upregulated compared with controls. While two generalized aggressive periodontitis patients showed downregulated hCAP-18/LL-37 mRNA expression levels, one generalized aggressive periodontitis patient showed slightly increased hCAP-18/LL-37 mRNA level compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  hCAP-18/LL-37 has an important role in innate response during periodontal inflammation. Local deficiency in hCAP-18/LL-37 might be a confounding effect in the pathogenesis of generalized aggressive periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. oya_t@yahoo.com
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Türkoğlu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kandiloğlu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berdeli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emingil
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Atilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D054804:Cathelicidins
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054804:Cathelicidins