title: Babesia gibsoni: detection in blood smears and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues using deoxyribonucleic acid in situ hybridization analysis.
abstract: In this study, we attempted to detect Babesia gibsoni in blood smears and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues obtained from B. gibsoni-infected dogs using in situ hybridization. Using a digoxigenin-conjugated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) probe, both intraerythrocytic and exoerythrocytic parasites in the culture could be specifically stained in blood smears fixed with 4% phosphate-buffered paraformaldehyde. This indicated that genomic DNA extracted from the parasites could be detected using in situ hybridization. Moreover, the parasite could be specifically stained in paraffin-embedded spleen, lymph node, and kidney sections using in situ hybridization. Infected erythrocytes in blood vessels in the spleen and kidney, hemosiderin-laden macrophages in the spleen, and phagocytized erythrocytes, which seemed to be infected with the parasites, in lymph nodes were also specifically stained. This suggests that in situ hybridization can be utilized to investigate both the life cycle of B. gibsoni and the pathological condition of canine babesiosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Internal Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. masayama@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Bandula Kumara Wickramasekara
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Rajapakshage
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maede
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001403:Babesia / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D001483:Base Sequence; D015342:DNA Probes / Q000737:chemistry; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry; D004076:Digoxigenin; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology; D004285:Dogs; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000662:veterinary*; D007668:Kidney / Q000469:parasitology; D008099:Liver / Q000469:parasitology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000469:parasitology; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013154:Spleen / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; D004076:Digoxigenin