title: Human cardiac explant-conditioned medium: soluble factors and cardiomyogenic effect on mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: The use of conditioned medium (CM) from human cardiac explants (HCEs) as a potential source of paracrine factors for adult stem cell signaling has never been evaluated. We hypothesized that HCEs might provide a source of soluble factors triggering the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into cardiomyocyte-like cells. By using two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) gels/mass spectrometry and antibody macroarray assays, we found that HCEs release macromolecules, including cytokines, growth factors and myocardial and metabolism-related proteins into the culture medium. We identified a total of 20 proteins in the HCE-CM. However, as shown by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and 2-DE, these 20 proteins account for only a fraction of the total number of proteins present in the HCE-CM. We also found that CM increased the proliferation of bone marrow-derived-MSCs (BM-MSCs) in vitro. Unlike the other effects, this effect was most evident after 48 h of culture. Moreover, we examined the effect of HCE-CM on levels of mRNA and protein for specific cardiac markers. We showed that a surprisingly big fraction of BM-MSCs (3.4-5.0%) treated in vitro with HCE-CM became elongated and began to express cardiac markers, consistent with their possible differentiation into cardiomyocyte-like cells. Our in vitro model may be useful not only per se, but also for studies of the mechanisms of action of soluble factors involved in cell differentiation, paving the way for possible new protein-based treatments in the future.
authors.affiliation: Carlos Chagas Institute, R Prof Algacyr Munhoz Mader, FIOCRUZ, Curitiba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Andressa V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schittini
authors.forename: Paola F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Celedon
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stimamiglio
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Francisco Diniz Affonso
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: da Costa
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dallagiovanna
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Correa
mesh_terms: D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger