Xanthine oxidase/tyrosinase inhibiting, antioxidant, and antifungal oxindole alkaloids from Isatis costata.
Phytochemical investigations on the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of the whole plant of Isatis costata Linn. (Brassicaseae) led to the isolation of the oxindole alkaloids costinones A (1), B (2), isatinones A (3), B (4), indirubin (5), and trisindoline (6). Compounds 1-6 displayed significant to moderate inhibition against xanthine oxidase enzyme with IC50 values ranging from 90.3+/-0.06 to 179.6+/-0.04 microM, whereas the standard inhibitor of xanthine oxidase (allopurinol) had an IC(50) value of 7.4+/-0.07 microM. Compounds 1 (IC50 7.21+/-0.05 microM), 2 (IC50 9.40+/-0.03 microM), 3 (IC50 11.51+/-0.07 microM), 4 (IC50 12.53+/-0.06 microM), 5 (IC50 14.29+/-0.09 microM), and 6 (IC50 17.34+/-0.04 microM) exhibited pronounced activities when compared with the standard tyrosinase inhibitor L-mimosine (IC50 3.70+/-0.03 microM), along with DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 226, 270, 300, 320, 401, and 431 microM, respectively. The crude extract and compounds 1, 2, 5, and 6 showed significant antifungal activity against Trichophyton schoen leinii, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Trichophyton simii, and Macrophomina phaseolina.
Ahmad
Ijaz
I
Department of Chemistry, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, N.W.F.P., Pakistan. drijaz_chem@yahoo.com
Ijaz
Fozia
F
Fatima
Itrat
I
Ahmad
Nisar
N
Chen
Shilin
S
Afza
Nighat
N
Malik
Abdul
A
D000493:Allopurinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D026121:Indole Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D031219:Isatis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008898:Mimosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D026121:Indole Alkaloids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008898:Mimosine; D000493:Allopurinol; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase