title: Long-term LDL-c lowering in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia normalizes carotid intima-media thickness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effectiveness of statins in daily practice in reducing the arterial wall thicknesses by comparing the carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) between statin-treated familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) patients and their unaffected spouses.
  
  
  METHODS
  FH subjects treated with LDL-c lowering medication for at least 5 years and their unaffected spouses were included in this observational study. Clinical data and carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) as surrogate marker for atherosclerosis were acquired.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total 40 FH patients, age 48.4±4.2 years, and their 40 unaffected spouses, age 47.4±3.9 years, were included. Pre-treatment total cholesterol levels of FH patients were on average 9.3±2.0 mmol/L. Treated FH patients and unaffected spouses exhibited similar LDL-c (3.8±1.5 vs. 3.5±1.1 mmol/L; p=0.25) and total cholesterol levels (5.8±1.6 vs. 5.6±1.1 mmol/L; p=0.56). Also, in a multivariate model cIMT adjusted for age and sex did not differ between affected and spouses (95% CI: -0.032 to 0.092 mm; p=0.34).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term statin treatment normalizes cIMT in severe FH patients and therefore it is likely that the extreme risk of cardiovascular disease in FH patients is significantly reduced by this therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, F4-159.2, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. s.sivapalaratnam@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivapalaratnam
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: van Loendersloot
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Hutten
authors.forename: J J P
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kastelein
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Trip
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Groot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018454:Spouses; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL