title: Successful treatment of Schnitzler's syndrome with anakinra after failure of rituximab trial.
abstract: We report a 50-year-old man who presented with a 5-year history of an intermittent widespread pruritic urticarioid rash and fever, fatigue, arthralgia and a monoclonal immunoglobulin-M paraprotein. The patient was initially treated with antihistamines and corticosteroids without the disappearance of symptoms. A skin biopsy from the urticarial rash on the thorax was performed, revealing dermal mononuclear and polymorphonuclear cell infiltrate and normal epidermis. A diagnosis of Schnitzler's syndrome (SS), a rare disorder in which the simultaneous occurrence of monoclonal gammopathy and chronic urticaria is usually observed, was made. After an unsuccessful trial with rituximab at a dosage of 375 mg/sqm weekly for 4 consecutive weeks, the patient was treated with anakinra, an inhibitor of interleukin-1alpha that is thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, at a dose of 100 mg daily given subcutaneously. He showed a prompt response to the drug and he is still well and symptom-free after 12 months of follow-up. On the basis of both this experience and the review of the literature we conclude that anakinra may be a promising option for the treatment of SS. However, these results need to be confirmed on a larger number of patients.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cascavilla
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bisceglia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Arena
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000069283:Rituximab; D019873:Schnitzler Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D000069283:Rituximab