title: Association of advanced vasculopathy and transforming growth factor-beta1 gene expression with immunoglobulin A nephropathy progression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanism of IgA nephropathy (IgAN) progression remains ill-defined. In this prospective study, the prognostic role of clinical, histological and molecular markers over a 2-year follow-up was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one patients with biopsy-proven IgAN were followed for 24 months. Besides routine histology, the intrarenal gene expressions of cytokines and chemokines were quantified by reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the presence of lymphocytes and macrophages were immunohistochemically examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher transforming growth factor-β1 and severe chronic vasculopathy (but not glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis or lymphocyte infiltrate) were associated with the IgAN progression 24 months after biopsy. The gene expression of chemokine (C-C motif) ligands 2 and 5, hepatocyte growth factor, bone morphogenic protein-7 and transforming growth factor-β1 and the interstitial infiltrate of T and B lymphocytes and macrophages were significantly associated with serum creatinine and glomerular filtration rate at the time of biopsy. The intrarenal chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 and hepatocyte growth factor gene expression were associated with the proteinuria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Besides the known risk factors for chronic kidney disease, advanced vasculopathy and molecular signatures of fibrogenesis were associated with the IgAN progression.
authors.affiliation: Transplant Laboratory, Department of Nephrology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brabcova
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tesar
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Honsova
authors.forename: Alena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lodererova
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Novotna
authors.forename: Dita
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maixnerova
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merta
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bürgelova
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hribova
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Skibova
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zadrazil
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maly
authors.forename: Ondrej
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Viklicky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015870:Gene Expression; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1