title: Enhancing ablation: synergies with regional and systemic therapies.
abstract: Ablative therapies often achieve complete response in solid tumors smaller than 3 cm, but local control becomes rapidly less common with increasing tumor diameter. Combining treatment modalities can increase the local control rate for larger tumors. Demonstrating the value of this is not straightforward. The prognosis of patients with higher-stage disease may not be improved by better control of their index tumor if their natural history is progression of disease at other sites. Combination therapies will need prospective evaluation for each tumor type and stage in randomized trials to elucidate the role of integrated therapies in global cancer care.
authors.affiliation: Division of Interventional Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, 1 Silverstein, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kadivar
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Soulen
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003452:Cryosurgery; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000431:Ethanol; D019342:Acetic Acid