title: Activity in vitro of fungal conidia of Duddingtonia flagrans and Monacrosporium thaumasium on Haemonchus contortus infective larvae.
abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the predatory activity of the fungi Duddingtonia flagrans (AC001) and Monacrosporium thaumasium (NF34a) on Haemonchus contortus infective larvae (L3) in two experimental assays (A and B). In assay A, two treatments and one control were formed and kept for 7 days in Petri dishes with 2% water-agar. Each treatment consisted of 1000 H. contortus L3 and 1000 conidia of only one fungal isolate, and the control group consisted of 1000 L3, without fungus, with 10 repetitions per group. In assay B, 1000 conidia of one of the fungal isolates, AC001 or NF34a, were added to coprocultures made from 20 g of faeces collected from sheep naturally infected with H. contortus. At the end of the experiment, the Baermann method was used to count the non-predated larvae of all Petri dishes from treatment and control groups. In assay A, no difference was observed (P>0.05) between the groups treated with AC001 and NF34a fungi. A difference was observed (P < 0.05) between the treated and control groups. The L3 reduction percentages at the end of the experiment were 87.75 and 85.57%, respectively, for the fungal isolates compared to the control group. In assay B, the reduction percentages for conidia of these isolates were 85.82 and 87.32%, respectively. The results obtained show that D. flagrans (AC001) and M. thaumasium (NF34a) were effective in the in vitro control of sheep H. contortus L3 and could be used in the biological control of this nematode.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brasil.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brasil.
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brasil.
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brasil.
authors.forename: C D F
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais 36570-000, Brasil.
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Frassy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000898:Antibiosis; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000254:growth & development*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology; D059208:Parasite Load; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D012756:Sheep; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development*; D016019:Survival Analysis