title: Ras-related protein Rab10 facilitates TLR4 signaling by promoting replenishment of TLR4 onto the plasma membrane.
abstract: The Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 receptor complex, TLR4/MD-2, plays an important role in the inflammatory response against lipopolysaccharide, a ubiquitous membrane component in Gram-negative bacteria. Ligand recognition by TLR4 initiates multiple intracellular signaling pathways, leading to production of proinflammatory mediators and type I IFN. Ligand interaction also leads to internalization of the surface receptor complex into lysosomes, leading to the degradation of TLR4 and the termination of LPS response. However, surface level of TLR4 receptor complex is maintained via continuous replenishment of TLR4 from intracellular compartments like Golgi and endosomes. Here we show that continuous replenishment of TLR4 from Golgi to plasma membrane is regulated by the small GTPase Rab10, which is essential for optimal macrophage activation following LPS stimulation. Expression of Rab10 is inducible by LPS. Blockade of Rab10 function leads to decreased membrane TLR4 expression and diminished production of inflammatory cytokines and interferons upon LPS stimulation. These findings suggest that Rab10 expression provides a mechanism to refine TLR4 signaling by regulating the trafficking rate of TLR4 onto the plasma membrane. In addition, we show that altered Rab10 expression in macrophages influences disease severity in an in vivo model of LPS-induced acute lung injury, suggesting Rab10 as a possible therapeutic target for human acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology and Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Weilin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yiqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xinyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xuetao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jianli
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Linrong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D055371:Acute Lung Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D011485:Protein Binding; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C493487:Tlr4 protein, mouse; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; C520736:Rab10 protein, mouse; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins