Reviews for immune privilege in the year 2010: immune privilege and infection.
Advances in understanding host innate/adaptive immunity and abrogation of immune privilege in ocular viral and bacterial infections have been accomplished using animal models. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis, mouse models have shown that IL-12-driven IFN-gamma production in Th1 responder strains such as C57BL/6 contributes to corneal perforation, while IL-18-driven IFN-gamma production is associated with bacterial killing and less disease in Th2 responders (BALB/c). The role of neuropeptides, macrophages, and regulation of neutrophil apoptosis is discussed. The potentially blinding Th1 CD4 T-cell-mediated immunopathology referred to as herpes stromal keratitis (HSK) is characterized by breakdown of the normal barrier to blood and lymph angiogenesis in the cornea, a dramatic increase in mature professional antigen-presenting cells, and a heavy leukocytic infiltrate composed primarily of neutrophils. HSK is more frequent and severe in BALB/c than C57BL/6 mice, and varies in severity with the strain and dose of HSV-1 used to infect the cornea.
Hazlett
Linda D
LD
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. lhazlett@med.wayne.edu
Hendricks
Robert L
RL
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D057112:Corneal Perforation / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human; D006801:Humans; D007634:Keratitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016849:Keratitis, Herpetic / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice / Q000276:immunology*; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D009479:Neuropeptides; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors