Evaluation of the effects of Astragalus mongholicus Bunge saponin extract on central nervous system functions.
BACKGROUND
In traditional medicine, Astragalus mongholicus (AM) has been used for the treatment of general weakness, chronic illness, and to increase overall vitality.


OBJECTIVE
The present study investigated possible effects of the saponin fraction of AM on the central nervous system. Moreover, its effects on locomotor activity, anxiety, and hippocampal morphology were studied.


METHODS
AM extract was tested for its effects on locomotor activity using the Moti-Test, for situational anxiety in the elevated plus maze, and for anticonvulsant activity against acute pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures and in the PTZ kindling model.


RESULTS
It was shown that AM (50, 100, 200mg/kg) did not interfere with locomotor activity and situational anxiety as measured in the elevated plus maze. In these doses, AM significantly suppressed pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced seizures (p<0.05). Its anticonvulsant efficacy was also evident against repeated PTZ seizures (p<0.05). This suggests potential therapeutic usefulness. After subchronic application, the number of cells in hippocampal CA1 was reduced, whilst the cell number in CA3 and hilus remained unaffected.


CONCLUSIONS
Doses of AM extract which did not interfere with locomotor activity and situational anxiety appear to be useful in the treatment of convulsive disorders. The mechanisms underlying this effect on hippocampal morphology are not yet understood.
Jalsrai
Aldarmaa
A
Centre of Traditional Medicine, Mongolian Academy of Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
Grecksch
Gisela
G
Becker
Axel
A
D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy; D027883:Astragalus Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins