title: Information transfer and communication in surgery: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a systematic review of published literature to gain a better understanding of interprofessional information transfer and communication (ITC) in hospital setting in the field of surgical and anesthetic care.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Communication breakdowns are a common cause of surgical errors and adverse events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medline, Embase, PsycINFO, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and hand search of articles bibliography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 4027 citations identified through the initial electronic search and screened for possible inclusion, 110 articles were retained following title and abstract reviews. Of these, 38 were accepted for this review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were extracted from the studies about objectives, clinical domain, methodology including study design, sample population, tools for assessing communication, results, and limitations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Information transfer failures are common in surgical care and are distributed across the continuum of care. They not only lead to errors in care provision but also lead to patient harm. Most of the articles have focused on ITC process in different phases especially in operating room. None of the studies have looked at whole of the surgical care process. No standard tool has been developed to capture the ITC process in different teams and to evaluate the effect of various communication interventions. Uses of standardized communication through checklist, proformas, and technology innovations have improved the ITC process, with an effect on clinical and patient outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ITC deficits adversely affect patient care. There is a need for standard measures to evaluate this process. Effective and standardized communication among healthcare professionals during the perioperative process facilitates surgical safety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosurgery and Surgical Technology, Centre for Patient Safety and Service Quality, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. k.nagpal@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: Kamal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagpal
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vats
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: Hutan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ashrafian
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sevdalis
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moorthy
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods; D003142:Communication; D003144:Communication Barriers; D006801:Humans; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009873:Operating Rooms; D010348:Patient Care Team; D017751:Safety Management; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative