Adherence to international guidelines for the treatment of invasive aspergillosis in acute myeloid leukaemia: feasibility and utility (SEIFEM-2008B study).
OBJECTIVE
In order to assess physicians' compliance with international guidelines for the targeted treatment of invasive aspergillosis, 136 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia and proven/probable invasive aspergillosis were analysed.


RESULTS
Compliance with Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and European Conference on Infections in Leukaemia (ECIL) guidelines was found to be relatively low (28% for ECIL and 55% for IDSA), although no significant differences were found between the two groups (adherence versus non-adherence). In both subgroup analyses (IDSA and ECIL), compliance with the guidelines did not impact the 120 day survival rate. Instead, adherence to guidelines led to a higher response rate to first-line antifungal treatment (76% in the IDSA group and 84% in the ECIL group).


CONCLUSIONS
Guidelines establish categories of patients with homogeneous characteristics, and suggest optimal diagnostic and therapeutic options for them. Acquisition of good results through adherence to guidelines is confirmed by our series. Unfortunately, there are frequently reasons to deviate from these general recommendations, particularly in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia. Despite evidence-based recommendations, adherence to the guidelines does not constitute the best therapeutic choice in each and every patient. Subjects' clinical conditions and co-morbidities vary widely, and sometimes render the 'recommended' drug a non-applicable strategy.
Pagano
Livio
L
Istituto di Ematologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy. lpagano@rm.unicatt.it
Caira
Morena
M
Offidani
Massimo
M
Martino
Bruno
B
Candoni
Anna
A
Valentini
Caterina Giovanna
CG
Specchia
Giorgina
G
Nosari
Annamaria
A
Tosti
Maria Elena
ME
Leone
Giuseppe
G
Luppi
Mario
M
Aversa
Franco
F
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D000077336:Caspofungin; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications*; D055666:Lipopeptides; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065819:Voriconazole
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D000666:Amphotericin B; D000077336:Caspofungin; D065819:Voriconazole