title: The role of fluoride and casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calcium phosphate in the prevention of erosive/abrasive wear in an in vitro model using hydrochloric acid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of various fluoride compounds and casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) on the reduction of erosive/abrasive tooth wear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty enamel samples were prepared from bovine lower incisors, stratified and allocated to 4 groups (1-4). Samples in group 1 remained untreated and served as negative controls. The test samples were treated for 2 min/day as follows: group 2 amine/sodium fluoride gel (pH 4.8; 12,500 ppm), group 3 sodium fluoride gel (pH 7.1; 12,500 ppm) and group 4 CPP-ACP-containing mousse. De- and remineralization cycling was performed for 20 days with 6 erosive attacks for 20 s with HCl (pH 3.0) per day. Samples were stored in artificial saliva between cycles and overnight. Toothbrushing (15 s; 60 strokes/min; load 2.5 N) with a toothpaste slurry was performed each day before the first and 1 h after the last erosive exposure. Tooth wear was measured by comparing baseline surface profiles with the corresponding posttreatment profiles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tooth wear was significantly reduced in groups 2 and 3 compared with group 1, while the enamel loss of group 4 was not significantly lower compared to the negative control group 1. Between the fluoride groups 2 and 3, no significant difference in tooth wear was recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Erosive/abrasive tooth wear under the conditions used could be reduced significantly by the daily application of fluoride gels, irrespective of the fluoride compound, while the application of CPP-ACP-containing mousse was less effective.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland. florian.wegehaupt@zzmk.uzh.ch
authors.forename: Florian J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Wegehaupt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Attin
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000009:adverse effects; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D057085:Tooth Wear / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex