title: Anti-thrombotic activity and chemical characterization of steroidal saponins from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright.
abstract: Steroidal saponins have long attracted scientific attention, due to their structural diversity and significant biological activities. Total steroidal saponins (TSS) extracted from the rhizomes of Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright (DZW) constitute an effective treatment for cardiovascular disease. However, the active constituents contained in DZW rhizomes and their pharmacological properties are not fully understood. The aim of this work is to determine and quantify the active constituents in DZW rhizomes using fingerprint technique, and evaluate its anti-thrombotic activity using inferior vena cava ligation thrombosis rat model and pulmonary thrombosis mice model after being gavaged with TSS for 1 or 2weeks. In the study, a chemical fingerprint method was firstly established and validated to quantify and standardize TSS from DZW rhizomes including parvifloside, protodeltonin, protodioscin, protogracillin, zingiberensis saponin, deltonin, dioscin and trillin. TSS extracted from DZW rhizomes were showed to have the inhibitions on platelet aggregation (PAG) and thrombosis, and prolong activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), and prothrombin time (PT) in a dose-dependent manner in rats. TSS also prolonged the bleeding time and clotting time in a dose-dependent manner in mice. The results indicate that TSS could inhibit thrombosis by both improving the anticoagulation activity and inhibiting PAG action, suggesting that TSS from DZW rhizomes have the potential to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases by anti-thrombotic action.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology, Laboratory of Ethnopharmacology, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, No 1, Keyuan 4lu, Gaopeng Avenue, Gaoxinqu, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yanqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Guohua
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Qingbing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D027742:Dioscorea / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D012503:Saponins; D013256:Steroids