title: Targeting parathyroid hormone level in diabetic patients with stage 3 to 5 chronic kidney disease: does metabolic syndrome matter?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with type 2 diabetes have lower intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels when compared with non-diabetics. Patients with metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) have increased iPTH levels than normal subjects. We hypothesized that patients with type 2 diabetes and MetSyn might have higher iPTH levels as compared with those without MetSyn.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study had an observational design. A total of 84 patients with type 2 diabetes and stage 3 to stage 5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) were recruited (male/female, 40/44).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 59 (70.2%) patients had MetSyn. Progress from stage 3 to stage 5 CKD lead to a significant increase in iPTH levels (P-trend = .018). Patients with diabetes and MetSyn had lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P = .018) and higher waist circumference (P = .019), systolic blood pressure (P = .036), fasting plasma glucose (P = .005), HbA1c levels (P = .012), triglyceride (P < .0001), and iPTH (P = .009) as compared with patients without MetSyn. Serum iPTH was negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate, as measured by Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula (r = -0.339, P = .002), serum calcium (r = -0.232, P = .037), glucose (r = -0.240, P = .03), and HbA1c (r = -0.301, P = .04) and was positively correlated with urinary albumin excretion rate (r = +0.225, P = .044). After adjusting for potential confounders, logPTH was higher in patients with MetSyn as compared with those without among type 2 diabetic patients with CKD (P = .039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MetSyn might influence iPTH levels in type 2 diabetic patients with stage 3 to 5 CKD. However, it is still debatable whether MetSyn should be taken into account in determining target iPTH levels in type 2 diabetic patients with CKD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Zonguldak Ataturk State Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey. renginels@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rengin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elsurer
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Afsar
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guner
authors.forename: Idris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yildiz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone