title: The Microbiology of Community-acquired Peritonitis in Children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  microbiologic data are lacking regarding pediatric community-acquired peritonitis (CAP).
  
  
  METHODS
  we conducted a 2-year retrospective single center study. Consecutive children undergoing CAP surgery were included. Microbiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of peritoneal isolates were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  a total of 70 children from 3 months to 14 years of age were included. A total of 123 bacterial isolates were analyzed. Escherichia coli was the predominant aerobic organism (51% of isolates); 54.8% were susceptible to amoxicillin whereas 90.3% were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate. Anaerobes accounted for 29% of isolates, and 94.3% of strains were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanate and 68.5% were susceptible to clindamycin. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was present in 6% of isolates and in 10% of children. The presence of E. coli resistant to amoxicillin or to amoxicillin-clavulanate was the only independent risk factor associated with postoperative peritonitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  microbiology of pediatric CAP is similar to adult CAP with a predominancy of E. coli and anaerobes. P. aeruginosa in peritoneal samples had no apparent influence on the outcome.
authors.affiliation: CHU Nantes, Pôle Anesthésie-Réanimation, Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Romain
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cinotti
authors.forename: Corinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lejus
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Caillon
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boutoille
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roquilly
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Podevin
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gras-Le Guen
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asehnoune
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents