title: Genetic heterogeneity in colorectal cancer associations between African and European americans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genome-wide association studies of colorectal cancer (CRC) have identified risk variants in 10 genomic regions. None of these studies included African Americans, who have the highest incidence and mortality from CRC in the United States. For the 10 genomic regions, we performed an association study of Americans of African and European descent.
  
  
  METHODS
  We genotyped 22 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA samples from 1194 patients with CRC (795 African Americans and 399 European Americans) and 1352 controls (985 African Americans and 367 European Americans). At chromosome 8q24.21 region 3, we analyzed 6 SNPs from 1000 African American cases and 1393 controls. Association testing was done using multivariate logistic regression controlling for ancestry, age, and sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among African Americans, the SNP rs6983267 at 8q24.21 was not associated with CRC (odds ratio, 1.18; P = .12); instead, the 8q24.21 SNP rs7014346 (odds ratio, 1.15; P = .03) was associated with CRC in this population. At 15q13.3, rs10318 was associated with CRC in both populations. At 11q23.1, rs3802842 was significantly associated with rectal cancer risk only among African Americans (odds ratio, 1.34; P = .01); this observation was made in previous studies. Among European Americans, SNPs at 8q24.21, 11q23.1, and 16q22.1 were significantly associated with CRC, and the odds ratios were of the same magnitude and direction for all SNPs tested, consistent with previously published studies. In contrast, in African Americans, the opposite allele of rs10795668 at 10p14 was associated with colorectal cancer (odds ratio, 1.35; P = .04), and altogether the odds ratios were in the opposite direction for 9 of the 22 SNPs tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is genetic heterogeneity in CRC associations in Americans of African versus European descent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Section of Gastroenterology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Sonia S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kupfer
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hooker
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skol
authors.forename: Rick A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kittles
authors.forename: Temitope O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Keku
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005060:Europe / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study / Q000379:methods*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm