title: Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-targeted chemoprevention of murine lung tumors.
abstract: No clinically effective chemoprevention for lung cancer has been found. Angiogenesis is an early feature of both adenocarcinoma and squamous cell lung cancer. We investigated the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-2 (VEGFR-2) inhibition on lung carcinogenesis in a murine model of adenocarcinoma. The VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor, vandetanib, was given to FVB/N mice in chow for 7 days at varying doses to show pharmacologic activity by inhibition of VEGF-mediated VEFGR-2 and ERK phosphorylation. Plasma levels corroborated adequate dosage. For chemoprevention experiments, mice were injected i.p. with 1 mg/g of urethane, a carcinogen found in tobacco smoke. Chow containing vandetanib, 75 mg/kg/d, or control chow was given to mice, starting 7 days after urethane administration. Sixteen weeks after urethane injection, mice were sacrificed, tumors enumerated and measured. Vandetanib resulted in reductions in tumor multiplicity (6.5 +/- 0.86 versus 1.0 +/- 0.30, P = 0.001) and average tumor volume (0.85 +/- 0.10 versus 0.15 +/- 0.09 mm(3), P = 0.001), but not incidence (71% versus 100%, P = ns), compared with control. As vandetanib has other activities besides VEGFR-2 tyrosine kinase inhibition, we gave the anti-VEGFR-2 monoclonal antibody, DC101, for weeks 11 to 15 of a urethane carcinogenesis protocol with an arrest in tumor volume increase, but no change in multiplicity or incidence. Further investigation of the chemopreventive effect of vandetanib and other VEGF signaling inhibitors is needed.
authors.affiliation: Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Colorado Cancer Center, Pulmonary 111A, 1055 Clermont Street, Denver, CO 80220, USA.
authors.forename: Vijaya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Karoor
authors.forename: Mysan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Merrick
authors.forename: Edward C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Dempsey
authors.forename: York E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000077192:Adenocarcinoma of Lung; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002273:Carcinogens; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014520:Urethane; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D010880:Piperidines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011799:Quinazolines; D014520:Urethane; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; C452423:vandetanib