title: Emergence of fluoroquinolone-resistant clonal group A: clonal analysis of Norwegian and Russian E. coli isolates.
abstract: We describe a study of urinary tract and intestinal isolates of Escherichia coli from Norway and Russia using automated ribotyping, single nucleotide polymorphism analysis for clonal group A (CgA) supplemented with phylogrouping, virulence gene profiling and resistance profiling. CgA comprised 19% of the Norwegian UTI isolates from 2001. Two highly multiresistant fluoroquinolone-resistant CgA isolates were found. Ribotypes clustered into four major and six minor groups (ribogroups). Fluoroquinolone-resistant isolates and phylogroups A and B1 were associated with ribogroup (R)A. Ribogroup (R)B predominated among Russian UTI isolates and was predominantly phylogroup A and depleted in P-fimbriae. Ribogroup (R)C predominated among Norwegian UTI isolates and was rich in virulence factors (S-fimbriae, haemagglutinin and haemolysin) and predominantly phylogroup B2 and D. Ribogroup (R)G was associated with CgA and predominantly phylogroup D. Ribogroups (R)D, (R)E and (R)F had too few members for statistical analysis. The correlation between ribotype and phylogenetic group was not as strong as reported in other studies.
authors.affiliation: Unilabs Telelab, Skien, Norway. linda.strand@sthf.no
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Strand
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grude
authors.forename: Anne-Gry
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Allum
authors.forename: Hilde-Christine
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Mykland
authors.forename: Fourough L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Nowrouzian
authors.forename: Bjørn-Erik
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D021521:Ribotyping; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000382:microbiology; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D037521:Virulence Factors