[Diagnosis of delayed cerebral ischaemia and cerebral vasospasm in subarachnoid haemorrhage].
OBJECTIVE
A review of current foundations for the medical diagnosis of vasospam and delayed cerebral ischaemia due to spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage.


METHODS
A review of available tests for the investigation of vasospasm (transcraneal Doppler, angiographic methods) and delayed cerebral ischaemia (clinical exam, computerised tomography by X rays, magnetic resonance, emission computerised tomography, electroencephalography, microdialysis) based on type and quality of information, advantages and limitations. Grading and trends for application were also considered for differential diagnosis.


CONCLUSIONS
In current clinical practice the most advisable guideline for screening and diagnosis monitoring of vasospasm and delayed cerebral ischaemia is in the first place, based on clinical examination and transcraneal Doppler. The electroencephalographic monitoring, computerised tomography techniques and multi-modal magnetic resonance are justified in specific situations. Digital subtraction angiography is the current gold standard for diagnosis of cerebral vasospasm. There is a need for more and higher quality articles about the utility of diagnostic tests in this context.
Rodríguez García
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PL
Hospital General Docente Dr. Ernesto Guevara de la Serna, Las Tunas, Cuba. lrpupo@cucalambe.ltu.sld.cu
Rodríguez Pupo
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LR
Rodríguez García
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D
D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D017551:Microdialysis; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial / Q000379:methods; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology