Synthesis of multivalent tuberculosis and Leishmania-associated capping carbohydrates reveals structure-dependent responses allowing immune evasion.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania are intracellular pathogens that can survive in macrophages--the very white blood cells of the immune system responsible for engulfing and ultimately clearing foreign invaders. The ability of these pathogens to hide within immune cells has made the design of effective therapies, including vaccines, to control tuberculosis and leishmaniasis particularly challenging. Herein we present the synthesis and development of carbohydrate-based probes to demonstrate that changes in pathogen-associated surface oligosaccharides are sufficient to alter cellular immune responses and thereby let a pathogen hide from immune surveillance.
Song
Eun-Ho
EH
Department of Chemistry and The Plant Science Institute, Gilman Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011-3111, USA.
Osanya
Alex O
AO
Petersen
Christine A
CA
Pohl
Nicola L B
NL
D006028:Glycosphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D007891:Leishmania / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D008358:Mannose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*
D006028:Glycosphingolipids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C050016:lipoarabinomannan; C008290:lipophosphonoglycan; D008358:Mannose