Powerful usage of phylogenetically diverse Staphylococcus aureus control strains for detecting multidrug resistance genes in transcriptomics studies.
Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen responsible for life-threatening septicemia, endocarditis, and toxic shock syndrome. Although positive (MRSA; ATCC 33591) and negative (MSSA; ATCC 25923) control strains have been used for various pathogenesis or assay studies, little is known about the genomic structure of the strains, and there has been little genome-wide expression analysis. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that ATCC 33591 and ATCC 25923 are the most genetically diverse strains of the 15 S. aureus genomes studied. Microarray analysis showed that the most significantly upregulated group of MRSA genes was the transport group, which includes ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, the two-component system, and the phosphotransferase system. Analysis of the KEGG pathway showed that ABC transporters and the two-component system were the most significantly altered in MRSA. Transcriptional profiling showed a clear difference in gene expression between MRSA and MSSA due to the great genetic distance between the two control strains. Therefore, we suggest that use of the two control strains in comparative genomics or transcriptomics studies would facilitate the identification of major genes for drug resistance in S. aureus.
Ham
Jun-Sang
JS
National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-706, Korea.
Lee
Seung-Gyu
SG
Jeong
Seok-Geun
SG
Oh
Mi-Hwa
MH
Kim
Dong-Hun
DH
Lee
Taeheon
T
Lee
Bo-Young
BY
Yoon
Sook Hee
SH
Kim
Heebal
H
D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D019450:Genes, MDR; D006801:Humans; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation