title: Skin graft take rates, granulation, and epithelialization: dependence on myeloid cell hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the "take" rates of skin grafts between myeloid-selective hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) 1alpha knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice. Production of the alpha subunit of HIF-1alpha is increased in healing wounds, which stimulates expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote angiogenesis. Therefore, the take rate of skin grafts may be closely associated with the presence or absence of HIF-1alpha production in the recipient bed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The percentage of healthy graft areas obtained by planimetry and scores for epithelialization and granulation tissue formation obtained by histopathologic analysis were compared in 12 KO and 12 WT mice following skin grafting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The graft take rate was significantly impaired in the KO group (P = .009), whereas epithelialization (P = .46) or granulation (P = .41) tissue formation scores did not reveal any significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha in myeloid cells may be an important molecule for revascularization of avascular tissues such as skin grafts, probably owing to its stimulating effect on angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W Markham, Slot 543, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA. vuralemrea@uams.edu
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vural
authors.forename: Maaike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berbée
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Acott
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blagg
authors.forename: Chun-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hauer-Jensen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011336:Probability; D011897:Random Allocation; D012867:Skin / Q000254:growth & development / Q000473:pathology; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit