title: MYB suppresses differentiation and apoptosis of human breast cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  MYB is highly expressed in estrogen receptor positive (ER + ve) breast tumours and tumour cell lines. We recently demonstrated that MYB is essential for the proliferation of ER + ve breast cancer cells, and have now investigated its role in mammary epithelial differentiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  MCF-7 breast cancer cells were treated with sodium butyrate, vitamin E succinate or 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate to induce differentiation as measured by Nile Red staining of lipid droplets and β-casein expression. The non-tumorigenic murine mammary epithelial cell (MEC) line, HC11, was induced to differentiate with lactogenic hormones. MYB levels were manipulated by inducible lentiviral shRNA-mediated knockdown and retroviral overexpression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that MYB expression decreases following chemically-induced differentiation of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, and hormonally-induced differentiation of a non-tumorigenic murine mammary epithelial cell (MEC) line, HC11. We also found that shRNA-mediated MYB knockdown initiated differentiation of breast cancer cells, and greatly sensitised them to the differentiative and pro-apoptotic effects of differentiation-inducing agents (DIAs). Sensitisation to the pro-apoptotic effects DIAs is mediated by decreased expression of BCL2, which we show here is a direct MYB target in breast cancer cells. Conversely, enforced expression of MYB resulted in the cells remaining in an undifferentiated state, with concomitant suppression of apoptosis, in the presence of DIAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, these data imply that MYB function is critical in regulating the balance between proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in MECs. Moreover, our findings suggest MYB may be a viable therapeutic target in breast cancer and suggest specific approaches for exploiting this possibility.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland, Ipswich Road, Brisbane, Queensland, 4102, Australia.
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Drabsch
authors.forename: Ramsay G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Gonda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020598:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D020598:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb; D014815:Vitamins; D014810:Vitamin E; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D004958:Estradiol; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate