title: [Diagnosis and treatment of the primary cricopharyngeal achalasia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the diagnostic and therapeutic experience of primary cricopharyngeal achalasia and introduce new operandi modus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Report the two cases we treated in 2008 and integrate published literature, and approach its diagnostic and therapeutic experience and make use of new operandi modus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diagnosis of primary cricopharyngeal achalasia is difficult, and we must apply exclusive diagnosis according to the examinations of fibrolaryngoscopy, esophagoscopy and barium meal et al.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical treatment is the best option. Partial resection of cricopharyngeal muscle and upper esophageal ring-shaped muscle is superior to simple cricopharyngeal myotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China. xiufen.tian@126.com
authors.forename: Xiufen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Jianchuang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Mingshuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lv
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D010609:Pharyngeal Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*