title: Identification of differentially expressed genes in the kidneys of growth hormone transgenic mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bovine growth hormone (bGH) transgenic mice develop severe kidney damage. This damage may be due, at least in part, to changes in gene expression. Identification of genes with altered expression in the bGH kidney may identify mechanisms leading to damage in this system that may also be relevant to other models of kidney damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  cDNA subtraction libraries, northern blot analyses, microarray analyses and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT/PCR) assays were used to identify and verify specific genes exhibiting differential RNA expression between kidneys of bGH mice and their non-transgenic (NT) littermates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoglobulins were the vast majority of genes identified by the cDNA subtractions and the microarray analyses as being up-regulated in bGH. Several glycoprotein genes and inflammation-related genes also showed increased RNA expression in the bGH kidney. In contrast, only a few genes were identified as being significantly down-regulated in the bGH kidney. The most notable decrease in RNA expression was for the gene encoding kidney androgen-regulated protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A number of genes were identified as being differentially expressed in the bGH kidney. Inclusion of two groups, immunoglobulins and inflammation-related genes, suggests a role of the immune system in bGH kidney damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, 228 Irvine Hall, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA. coschigk@ohio.edu
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Coschigano
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Wetzel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Obichere
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rasch
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Guigneaux
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flyvbjerg
authors.forename: T G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kopchick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D007109:Immunity / Q000235:genetics*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000235:genetics; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C073294:growth hormone, bovine; D013006:Growth Hormone