title: Effect of slow-release fluoride devices and casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplexes on enamel remineralization in vitro.
abstract: To investigate the remineralization effect of slow-release fluoride glass devices (SFGD), casein phosphopeptide/amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplexes (CPP-ACP) and SFGD and CPP-ACP together on enamel pH cycling in vitro. Eighty bovine enamel slabs were allocated to each of 4 groups (20/group): SFGD; CPP-ACP; SFGD + CPP-ACP; control. Baseline surface microhardness (SMH; Knoop number) was measured for all slabs which were then subjected to a pH cycling regime for 10 days, and SMH was then remeasured. The pH cycling regime involved immersion 5 times daily (each for 5 min) in demineralization solution with the slabs immersed in artificial saliva between dipping. The treatment for the enamel slabs in the SFGD group involved exposure all the time to 2 SFGD devices per group during the cycling regime. In contrast, slabs in the CPP-ACP group were exposed to CPP-ACP slurry once daily for 30 min after the last demineralization challenge of the day. The slabs in the SFGD + CPP-ACP group received both treatments as the SFGD and CPP-ACP groups. The control group received no treatment during the cycling. There was a statistically significant difference in enamel SMH change among the groups (one-way ANOVA; p < 0.0001). Enamel SMH values in the SFGD, CPP-ACP and SFGD + CPP-ACP groups were all significantly higher than in the control group (Bonferroni; p < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in enamel SMH between the SFGD and CPP-ACP groups (p > 0.05). The use of both SFGD + CPP-ACP showed a non-significant trend for improvement in enamel SMH in comparison to SFGD or CPP-ACP alone.
authors.affiliation: Oral Health Department, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. mullahi@squ.edu.om
authors.forename: Ali M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Mullahi
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Toumba
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids / Q000009:adverse effects; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002364:Caseins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006244:Hardness; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex