title: The EC/HO international validation study on alternatives to the draize eye irritation test.
abstract: This is the final report of the Management Team for a European Commission/British Home Office (EC/HO) validation study on alternatives to the Draize eye irritation test. The principal goal of the study was to establish whether one or more of nine non-animal tests could be used to replace the Draize test for all severely irritating materials (or those belonging to specific classes) or the animal test completely for chemicals with or without regard to chemical class. Sixty chemicals were independently selected, coded and supplied, then the data obtained in 37 laboratories were analysed independently. The results of comparisons between 27 alternative test index scores and the Modified Maximum Average Scores (MMASs) obtained in the Draize eye test were compared. Tables of results showing Pearson's product moment correlation coefficients and Spearman's rank coefficients for each laboratory are provided, and correlation matrices of alternative test index scores among the different groups of laboratories are shown for each endpoint. Scatterplots are provided, in which the alternative test scores obtained by the lead laboratories for the nine tests are plotted against the MMAS for the full set of chemicals and 12 surfactants. It is concluded that, with the possible exception of predicting the irritancy of surfactants, none of the nine tests met any of the four performance targets. Possible reasons for this outcome are discussed.
authors.affiliation: ECVAM, JRC Environment Institute, 21020 Ispra (VA, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balls
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Botham
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Bruner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Spielmann