title: Performance and energy metabolism in restrictively fed weanling pigs are not affected by feeding either fermented cereals or their end-products.
abstract: To study the effects of feeding fermented cereals or just fermentation end-products on performance and energy metabolism, 18 restrictedly fed groups of eight pigs each were assigned to one of three dietary treatments: (i) a liquid control diet (C) containing 40% of a mixture of barley and wheat; or (ii) a liquid diet (F) containing 40% fermented barley and wheat; or (iii) a liquid diet as C with the addition of some important fermentation end-products (FP; organic acids and ethanol) in concentrations similar to those in the fermented F-diet. Energy and nitrogen balances, heat production, and performance traits were measured during two consecutive periods (days 1-5 and days 6-14). There was a considerable increase in average dry matter intake that tended (p = 0.06) to be higher in the FP-group than in the other groups. Apparent fecal digestibility of dry matter, ash, nitrogen and energy during period 2 were not affected (p > 0.1). Averaged over both periods, none of the energy metabolism parameters were affected by the diets (p > 0.1). However, there were diet × period interactions for metabolizable energy-intake (p = 0.07), energy retention (p < 0.05), the respiratory quotient (RQ; p < 0.01) and activity-related heat production (H(ACT,) p = 0.05). Additionally, there were some differences between the diets in the average hourly patterns in RQ and H(ACT). In conclusion, restricted feeding of either 40% fermented cereals nor their fermentation end-products affected performance and energy metabolism traits in weanling pigs. Nevertheless, lower postprandial activity-related heat production by pigs given the fermented cereals suggest a stimulating effect of fermented cereals on short term satiety that was not seen in pigs given fermentation end-products only.
authors.affiliation: Animal Nutrition Group, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. erik.bruininx@wur.nl
authors.forename: E M A M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bruininx
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Binnendijk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zandstra
authors.forename: M J W
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Heetkamp
authors.forename: C M C
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Van Der Peet-Schwering
authors.forename: W J J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gerrits
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D002523:Edible Grain; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D008297:Male; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*