title: Soft X-ray imaging of thick carbon-based materials using the normal incidence multilayer optics.
abstract: The high transparency of carbon-containing materials in the spectral region of "carbon window" (lambda approximately 4.5-5nm) introduces new opportunities for various soft X-ray microscopy applications. The development of efficient multilayer coated X-ray optics operating at the wavelengths of about 4.5nm has stimulated a series of our imaging experiments to study thick biological and synthetic objects. Our experimental set-up consisted of a laser plasma X-ray source generated with the 2nd harmonics of Nd-glass laser, scandium-based thin-film filters, Co/C multilayer mirror and X-ray film UF-4. All soft X-ray images were produced with a single nanosecond exposure and demonstrated appropriate absorption contrast and detector-limited spatial resolution. A special attention was paid to the 3D imaging of thick low-density foam materials to be used in design of laser fusion targets.
authors.affiliation: P.N.Lebedev Physical Institute, 53 Leninsky Prospekt, Moscow, Russia. iart@sci.lebedev.ru
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Artyukov
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Feschenko
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Vinogradov
authors.forename: Ye A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Bugayev
authors.forename: O Y
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Devizenko
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Kondratenko
authors.forename: Yu S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kasyanov
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Saveliev
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004175:Diptera / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000648:ultrastructure