title: The effect of deproteinized bovine bone on osteoblast growth factors and proinflammatory cytokine production.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the ability of Bio-Oss in inducing growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines that may have a role in inflammation after grafting, bone resorption, remodeling and in the homeostasis of osteoblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normal human osteoblasts were seeded in Petri dishes containing granules of Bio-Oss, cells were harvested after confluency and RNA was extracted. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed using specific primers for osteonectin, bone sialoprotein (BSP), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 and BMP-7, platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), interleukin 6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and integrin beta1. Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was used as the housekeeping gene and normal human osteoblasts grown on Petri dishes without Bio-Oss granules were used as negative controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Osteoblast grown on Bio-Oss showed a normal RNA expression of osteonectin, integrin beta1 and PDGF. However, compared with control osteoblasts it showed a reduced expression of BSP, BMP-2 and BMP-7, IL-6 and TNF-alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings further support the evidence that Bio-Oss is an excellent biomaterial that does not enhance the production of proinflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology and Neuroscience, University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy. p.amerio@unich.it
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amerio
authors.forename: Giovina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vianale
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reale
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Muraro
authors.forename: Antonello
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tulli
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008903:Minerals; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015676:Osteonectin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; C546871:IBSP protein, human; D019012:Integrin beta1; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008903:Minerals; D015676:Osteonectin; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha