title: Insulin-like growth factors II exon 9 and E-cadherin-Pml I but not myeloperoxidase promoter-463, urokinase-ApaL I nor xeroderma pigmentosum polymorphisms are associated with higher susceptibility to leiomyoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the roles of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2), myeloperoxidase (MPO), E-cadherin (CDH1), urokinase and xeroderma pigmentosum group A and D (XPA, XPD) polymorphisms upon leiomyoma susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women were divided into: group 1, leiomyoma (n=158); group 2, non-leiomyoma (n=156). Polymorphisms (IGF2 exon 9*A/G, MPO-463*A/G, CDH1-Pml I, urokinase-ApaL, XPA*A-23G, XPD*Lys751Gln) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and detected by electrophoresis after restriction enzyme digestion. Genotype and allelic frequencies were compared between both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Associations between leiomyoma with IGF2 and CDH1 polymorphism exist. Proportions of IGF2 exon 9*AA/AG/GG in and CDH1* CC/CT/TT in the groups were: group 1, 38/39.2/22.8% and 27.8/66.5/5.7%; group 2, 22.4/53.9/23.7% and 21.2/64.1/14.7. MPO, urokinase, XPA and XPD in both groups were non-significantly different. Proportions of MPO*AA/AG/GG, urokinase*CC/CT/TT, XPA*AA/AG/GG and XPD*AA/AC/CC were: group 1: 1.9/23.4/74.7%, 0.6/7/92.4%, 20.9/55.1/24%, 85.4/14.6/0%; group 2: 3.8/24.4/71.8%, 1.3/4.5/94.2%, 22.4/53.9/23.7%, 84.6/15.4/0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IGF2*A allele and CDH1*C allele were correlated with leiomyoma susceptibility, which may be associated with leiomyoma development. MPO, urokinase, XPA and XPD polymorphisms are not related to leiomyoma susceptibilities.
authors.affiliation: School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yao-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Chi-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yu-Kuo
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kung-Hao
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chih-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chin-Mu
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Fuu-Jen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics*; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D051760:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein / Q000235:genetics*; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; C497314:XPA protein, human; D051760:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group A Protein; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D009195:Peroxidase; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein; C497292:ERCC2 protein, human