title: Total ankle arthroplasty in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  More than half of patients with hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) have painful arthritis, often including hindfoot osteoarthritis. Total ankle arthroplasty (TAA) is increasingly recommended for patients with painful ankle osteoarthritis. However, the pain relief and function experienced by patients continues to be debated particularly as compared with ankle fusion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We asked whether (1) the complication rates were low; (2) the components were stable; (3) the patients achieved pain relief; and (4) the patients had satisfactory midterm function, ROM, and quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed all 16 prospectively followed patients (21 implants) with HH who underwent ankle arthroplasty. They had an average age of 59.5 years at the time of surgery. We obtained a visual analog scale for pain, the SF-36, and the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hindfoot score. Component stability was assessed using weightbearing radiographs. The minimum followup was 3.1 years (average, 5.3 years; range, 3.1-8.6 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperatively, one patient had débridement of a painful cyst on the tibial side and one patient had a subfibular débridement with a lateral ligament reconstruction. The tibial and talar components were stable in all ankles. The average pain score decreased from 6.7 (range, 3-10) to 1.9 (range, 0-4). All eight categories of SF-36 score showed improvement. The hindfoot score increased from 46 (range, 22-67) to 84 (range, 74-94).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest TAA in patients with ankle osteoarthritis secondary to HH is associated with a low risk of postoperative complications and produces pain relief and good function.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kantonsspital Liestal, Rheinstrasse 26, CH-4410 Liestal, Switzerland. alexejbarg@mail.ru
authors.forename: Alexej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barg
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elsner
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hefti
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hintermann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D058737:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Ankle / Q000009:adverse effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006432:Hemochromatosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics; D040941:Heredity; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers