title: "Iatrogenic" parasitic myomas: unusual late complication of laparoscopic morcellation procedures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe our experience in diagnosing and managing parasitic myomas developing as an unexpected late complication of laparoscopic morcellation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review of all patients found to have parasitic myomas that developed after previous morcellation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laparoscopic morcellation. Review of the recent literature correlated with clinical, surgical, and pathologic features of our cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients had heterogeneous pelvic masses after morcellation. In 3 patients, symptoms developed between 2 and 16 years after the primary surgery. One patient had no symptoms, and was referred because of a suspect pelvic mass. Vaginal examination revealed painful pelvic masses in the pouch of Douglas in 2 patients, and painless masses fixed to the vaginal vault and anterior vaginal wall, respectively, in the other 2 patients. Laparoscopic examination confirmed the presence of parasitic masses in 3 patients. In 1 patient, the mass was excised vaginally. Histologic analysis confirmed leiomyoma fragments in all patients. A well-differentiated endometrial carcinoma was incidentally found in 1 patient after hysterectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These masses probably resulted from growth of missed fragments of uterine tissue after previous morcellation, culminating in development of symptomatic iatrogenic parasitic myomas. If morcellation is anticipated or required, exclusion of malignancy is mandatory. Meticulous inspection of the abdominal cavity is necessary after morcellation. In patients with a history of morcellation who have pelvic masses, iatrogenic parasitic myomas should be considered in the differential diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: CHU Clermont-Ferrand, CHU Estaing, Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, University of Auvergne, Clermont I, Clermont-Ferrand, France. dlarraind@gmail.com
authors.forename: Demetrio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Larraín
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rabischong
authors.forename: Chong Kiat
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Khoo
authors.forename: Revaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Botchorishvili
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canis
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mage
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018231:Leiomyomatosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*