title: Effects of sex hormones in oral contraceptives on the female sexual function score: a study in German female medical students.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The survey was conducted to compare the influence of sex hormones in oral contraceptives (OCs) on female sexual function.
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand eighty-six female German medical students completed an online-based questionnaire incorporating the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Oral contraceptives used were classified into those containing androgenic or antiandrogenic progestins and by ethinylestradiol (EE) dosage (20 mcg, 30 mcg and >30 mcg). Female Sexual Function Index scores in women using OCs were compared to those in nonusers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven hundred fifty-two of 1086 participating women used OCs. No statistically significant differences in FSFI scores were found among women using OCs containing androgenic or antiandrogenic progestins, nor were any seen between different EE dosages. In general, OC users had lower FSFI scores than nonusers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Female Sexual Function Index scores were negatively influenced by the use of OCs. However, the impact of an androgenic or antiandrogenic progestin content or different dosages of EE as modulating factors of female sexual function seems negligible.
authors.affiliation: Department of OB/GYN, University Hospital Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. cwallwiener@gmail.com
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wallwiener
authors.forename: Lisa-Maria
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wallwiener
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seeger
authors.forename: Alfred O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Mueck
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zipfel
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bitzer
authors.forename: Christian W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wallwiener
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007989:Libido / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011372:Progestins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013337:Students, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011372:Progestins; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol