title: Real-time PCR assays for the specific detection of monkeypox virus West African and Congo Basin strain DNA.
abstract: Orthopoxvirus monkeypox (MPXV) forms two distinct clades: the MPXV Congo Basin clade viruses are endemic in the Congo Basin, human illness typically presents with symptoms similar to discrete, ordinary smallpox and has a case fatality rate of approximately 10% in unvaccinated populations; the MPXV West African clade viruses have been isolated in West Africa and appear to cause a less severe, and less inter-human transmissible disease. Recently, monkeypox outbreaks were reported in US and Sudan caused by MPXV West African and Congo Basin strains respectively. These events demonstrated the ability and trend of the virus to exploit new hosts and emerge globally; it also emphasizes the need for the diagnosis of MPXV, especially the ability to distinguish between Congo Basin and West African monkeypox strains. In this study, three new real-time PCR assays based on TaqMan probe technology were reported: the MPXV West African specific, Congo Basin strain specific and MPXV generic assays. The new assays demonstrated good specificity and sensitivity in the validation study with multiple platforms and various PCR reagent kits, and will improve the rapid detection and differentiation of monkeypox infections from other rash illness.
authors.affiliation: Poxvirus and Rabies Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (Proposed), National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (Proposed), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, United States. yuli@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Inger K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Damon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D045908:Mpox, Monkeypox / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D008993:Monkeypox virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral