title: Differential influence of anticancer treatments and angiogenesis on the seric titer of autoantibody used as tumor and metastasis biomarker.
abstract: Early detection of tumor-specific autoantibodies (auto-Abs) has the potential to be used for cancer screening and diagnosis. Whether auto-Ab may be useful to track metastatic progression or response to treatment is, however, largely unknown. To address these issues, the serological proteome was analyzed in an invasive but treatment-responsive mouse tumor model. Among 40 serum-reactive proteins identified by multiplex analysis, we chose to focus on glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), a chaperone protein involved in the endoplasmic reticulum stress response. We first validated GRP78 as a protein overexpressed and mislocalized in tumor cells. We then documented that an increase in GRP78 auto-Ab titer preceded the detection of a palpable tumor mass, correlated with metastatic progression, and was influenced by the onset of tumor neovascularization. We also found that chemotherapy and radiotherapy, both leading to inhibition of tumor growth, oppositely influenced the anti-GRP78 immune response. Whereas radiation increased the concentration of GRP78 auto-Ab by three-fold, the auto-Ab titer was reduced in response to bolus or metronomic administration of cyclophosphamide. Finally, we established a decrease in auto-Ab-producing B lymphocytes in response to chemotherapy and the overexpression of GRP78 together with a strong immunoglobulin response in irradiated tumors. In conclusion, we identified GRP78 auto-Ab as an early marker of tumor and metastatic progressions. However, the multiple influences of anticancer treatments on the humoral immune system calls for caution when exploiting such auto-Ab as markers of the tumor response.
authors.affiliation: Angiogenesis and Cancer Research Laboratory, Pole of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Defresne
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouzin
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guilbaud
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dieu
authors.forename: Edouard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delaive
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Michiels
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raes
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Feron
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018450:Disease Progression; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis; D017186:Titrimetry
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001323:Autoantibodies; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001798:Blood Proteins; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse; D020543:Proteome