title: Efficacy and safety of drug-eluting stent implantation for the treatment of in-stent restenosis occurring within bare-metal stent and drug-eluting stent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is the primary treatment modality for bare-metal stent (BMS) in-stent restenosis (ISR), little is known about the efficacy and safety profile of DES in the treatment of DES-ISR. The goal of this study was to compare the clinical outcomes following DES treatment for BMS-ISR and DES-ISR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rates of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were compared in 97 consecutive patients who underwent DES implantation for the treatment of ISR (56 BMS-ISR and 41 DES-ISR) from January 2004 to December 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline clinical and procedural characteristics were comparable, except that the DES used in the BMS-ISR group was longer and had a larger diameter. The length of follow-up was (28.60+/-1.96) and (20.34+/-1.54) months for the BMS-ISR and DES-ISR groups, respectively. One patient (1.8%) experienced non-cardiac mortality and one (1.8%) had target-vessel revascularization (TVR) in the BMS-ISR group. In the DES-ISR group, three patients (7.3%) died of sudden death with a documented acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, and three suffered TVR (7.3%). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that cumulative survival probability and MACE-free probability were both significantly lower for the DES-ISR group (log rank test P=0.047 and P=0.005, respectively). In Cox regression analysis, DES-ISR remained an independent predictor for future MACE occurrence after adjustment for other factors (compared with BMS-ISR, risk ratio (RR)=8.743, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.54-49.54, P=0.014). Switching to a different type of DES to treat DES-ISR did not improve the prognosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DES-ISR patients had a poorer prognosis than BMS-ISR patients after DES therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China.
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zhi-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D023903:Coronary Restenosis; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008670:Metals