title: Associations of red meat, fat, and protein intake with distal colorectal cancer risk.
abstract: Studies have suggested that red and processed meat consumption elevate the risk of colon cancer; however, the relationship between red meat, as well as fat and protein, and distal colorectal cancer (CRC) specifically is not clear. We determined the risk of distal CRC associated with red and processed meat, fat, and protein intakes in Whites and African Americans. There were 945 cases (720 White, 225 African American) of distal CRC and 959 controls (800 White, 159 African American). We assessed dietary intake in the previous 12 mo. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). There was no association between total, saturated, or monounsaturated fat and distal CRC risk. In African Americans, the OR of distal CRC for the highest category of polyunsaturated fat intake was 0.28 (95% CI = 0.08-0.96). The percent of energy from protein was associated with a 47% risk reduction in Whites (Q4 OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.37-0.77). Red meat consumption in Whites was associated with a marginally significant risk reduction (Q4 OR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.43-1.00). Our results do not support the hypotheses that fat, protein, and red meat increase the risk of distal CRC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. cdpayne@email.unc.edu
authors.forename: Christina Dawn
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Jessie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Satia
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Adair
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galanko
authors.forename: Temitope O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Keku
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sandler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins