Theoretic, experimental, clinical bases of the water oscillator hypothesis in near-infrared photobiomodulation.
The objective of this review is to propose and document a role for the water oscillator in near-infrared (NIR) photobiomodulation. Greater understanding of the role of the water oscillator may add to a more-coherent description of central effects of NIR light on redox centers and key transmembrane enzymes such as cytochrome c oxidase (CcO). In addition, water provides a complementary pathway for absorption and transportation of NIR energy in photobiomodulation. Because of its unexpected potential, we propose terming it the "water oscillator paradox." Photobiologic mechanisms involved in the treatment of complex diseases are discussed in light of the present state of the art.
Santana-Blank
Luis
L
Fundalas, Foundation Interdisciplinary for Research and Development, Caracas, Venezuela. luissantanablank@msn.com
Rodríguez-Santana
Elizabeth
E
Santana-Rodríguez
Karin
K
D000042:Absorption; D004735:Energy Transfer / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D011827:Radiation; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism
D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D014867:Water