title: Effect of hepatic or renal impairment on eltrombopag pharmacokinetics.
abstract: Eltrombopag, an oral, small-molecule, nonpeptide thrombopoietin receptor agonist for the treatment of thrombocytopenia, is highly protein bound and primarily eliminated via metabolism in the liver and gastrointestinal tract. Single-dose eltrombopag pharmacokinetics were evaluated in participants with hepatic or renal impairment given possible changes in systemic exposure due to reduced plasma protein binding or reduced metabolism. All participants received a single 50-mg dose of eltrombopag. The adverse event profile was similar across groups, with headache, nausea, and back pain most frequently reported. Compared with healthy participants, participants with mild, moderate, or severe hepatic impairment had mean increases in AUC(0-∞) of 41%, 93%, and 80%, and participants with mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment had mean decreases in AUC(0-∞) of 32%, 36%, and 60%. There was high pharmacokinetic variability and significant overlap in exposures between participants with hepatic or renal impairment and healthy participants. Results suggest that patients with renal impairment may initiate eltrombopag with the standard 50-mg once-daily starting regimen, whereas patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment should consider a lower 25-mg once-daily regimen. Patients with hepatic or renal impairment should be closely monitored for platelet response and safety, and eltrombopag doses should be adjusted accordingly.
authors.affiliation: GlaxoSmithKline, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. John.W.Bauman@gsk.com
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.forename: Carolyn T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Wire
authors.forename: Daphne D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Jung Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001315:Australia; D001565:Benzoates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D054796:Drug Dosage Calculations; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009520:New Zealand; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D053628:Receptors, Thrombopoietin / Q000819:agonists; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D006834:Hydrazines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D053628:Receptors, Thrombopoietin; C082218:MPL protein, human; C520809:eltrombopag