title: Inhibitory effect of aqueous and ethanolic garlic (Allium sativum L., Lilliaceae) extracts on the rat atria.
abstract: The acute negative inotropic and chronotrophic effects of aqueous and alcoholic garlic extracts (Allium sativum L.) on spontaneous and adrenalin-stimulated contractions of the Wistar rat atria were investigated. The addition of garlic extracts to isolated rat atria evoked negative inotropic and chronotropic effects. Ethanolic garlic extract exerts much stronger negative inotropic (58.33 +/- 14.76%) effects than aqueous extract (43.66 +/- 16.32%). The difference in frequency reduction is especially conspicuous. Aqueous garlic extract very slightly affects the frequency, while ethanolic extract reduces it by more than 40%. In addition to these effects, the positive inotropism and chronotropism induced by the addition of noradrenaline, were much more antagonized by ethanolic garlic extract than by aqueous extract. Moreover, ethanolic garlic extract establishes sinus rhythm in the atria with extrasystoles induced by noradrenaline.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical Faculty, University of Nis, Serbia. mirjanakos@medfak.ni.ac.rs
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Radenkovic
authors.forename: Suzana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brankovic
authors.forename: Dusanka
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kitic
authors.forename: Slavimir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veljkovic
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ivetic
authors.forename: Milkica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nesić
authors.forename: Bojana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Miladinovic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D005737:Garlic; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; D009638:Norepinephrine