title: Venous cerebral infarction in a patient with peripheral hemodialysis shunt and occlusion of the left brachiocephalic vein.
abstract: Intracranial venous congestion is a rare condition in hemodialysis patients with central venous occlusion. We report a patient with cerebral venous infarction resulting from high reflex flow into the cranium induced by an arteriovenous hemodialysis shunt in the arm and occlusion of the brachiocephalic vein. This case illustrates that abnormal extracranial venous circulation should be considered when cerebral venous congestion is assumed to produce neurologic symptoms in patients with an arteriovenous shunt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Aomori Prefectural Central Hospital, Aomori City, Japan. hnishijima-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishijima
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomiyama
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Tamaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Jin-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nunomura
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakehata
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baba
mesh_terms: D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008026:Ligation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012086:Reoperation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014690:Venous Pressure