title: Cognitive profile of patients with burning mouth syndrome in the Japanese population.
abstract: The present study investigated which cognitive characteristics, including cancer phobia, self-efficacy, pain-related catastrophizing, and anxiety sensitivity, affect burning mouth syndrome (BMS) symptoms in the Japanese population. A total of 46 BMS patients (44 women and 2 men; mean age, 59.98 +/- 9.57 years; range, 30-79 years) completed a battery of questionnaires, including measures of pain severity, oral-related quality of life (QOL), stress-response, pain-related catastrophizing, self-efficacy, anxiety sensitivity, and tongue cancer phobia. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) scores in the BMS patients were compared with the scores of Japanese healthy participants (PCS, n = 449; GSES, n = 278; ASI, n = 9603) reported in previous studies. Catastrophizing and anxiety sensitivity were significantly higher in the BMS patients than in the healthy subjects (P < 0.001). In BMS patients, catastrophizing was significantly correlated with pain severity, stress-response, psychological disability, social disability, and handicap. Cancer phobia was significantly correlated with psychological disability and handicap. Since catastrophizing showed a higher correlation with BMS symptoms than cancer phobia, catastrophizing might be a more significant cognitive factor affecting symptoms than cancer phobia in BMS patients in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Health Sciences University of Hokkaido Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Himachi
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Shiho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shoki
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Motoya
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abiko
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D002054:Burning Mouth Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D002388:Catastrophic Illness / Q000523:psychology; D003071:Cognition / Q000145:classification*; D005239:Fear / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011788:Quality of Life; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology