title: Lipopolysaccharide-induced impairment of nitric oxide-mediated vasorelaxation and protective effects of nitric oxide synthesis inhibitors in isolated rat mesenteric arteries.
abstract: Isolated rat mesenteric arteries were incubated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 h and then mounted in an organ bath to investigate their responses to various relaxants. Exposure to LPS moderately reduced acetylcholine (ACh)-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR), and markedly reduced sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-induced endothelium-independent relaxation (EIR). It did not affect ACh-induced EDR under treatment with a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, which is mediated by an endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF), and forskolin-induced EIR. N-(3-(Aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine (1400 W), an inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor, actinomycin D, an RNA polymerase inhibitor, cycloheximide, a protein synthesis inhibitor, and dexamethazone reduced the nitric oxide (NO) production and reversed the reduced ACh-induced EDR and SNP-induced EIR. In LPS-treated mesenteric artery, L-arginine-induced relaxation was not affected by removal of endothelium, indicating muscular inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) induction. Pre-exposure to SNP (NO donor) also moderately reduced ACh-induced EDR and markedly reduced SNP-induced EIR with little effect on ACh-induced EDHF-mediated EDR. In conclusion, in vitro exposure to LPS desensitized vascular smooth muscle cells to endogenous and exogenous NO by overproduction of muscular iNOS-derived NO, and an iNOS inhibitor and iNOS induction inhibitors prevented the LPS-induced desensitization.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratories, Kyoto Pharmaceutical Industries, Ltd., Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miike
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kunishiro
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirahase
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001596:Benzylamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000578:Amidines; D001596:Benzylamines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C104820:N-(3-(aminomethyl)benzyl)acetamidine; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D003609:Dactinomycin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003513:Cycloheximide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase