title: The integration of prosodic speech in high functioning autism: a preliminary FMRI study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by a specific triad of symptoms such as abnormalities in social interaction, abnormalities in communication and restricted activities and interests. While verbal autistic subjects may present a correct mastery of the formal aspects of speech, they have difficulties in prosody (music of speech), leading to communication disorders. Few behavioural studies have revealed a prosodic impairment in children with autism, and among the few fMRI studies aiming at assessing the neural network involved in language, none has specifically studied prosodic speech. The aim of the present study was to characterize specific prosodic components such as linguistic prosody (intonation, rhythm and emphasis) and emotional prosody and to correlate them with the neural network underlying them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We used a behavioural test (Profiling Elements of the Prosodic System, PEPS) and fMRI to characterize prosodic deficits and investigate the neural network underlying prosodic processing. Results revealed the existence of a link between perceptive and productive prosodic deficits for some prosodic components (rhythm, emphasis and affect) in HFA and also revealed that the neural network involved in prosodic speech perception exhibits abnormal activation in the left SMG as compared to controls (activation positively correlated with intonation and emphasis) and an absence of deactivation patterns in regions involved in the default mode.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These prosodic impairments could not only result from activation patterns abnormalities but also from an inability to adequately use the strategy of the default network inhibition, both mechanisms that have to be considered for decreasing task performance in High Functioning Autism.
authors.affiliation: UMR-CNRS 5231, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Moléculaire et Fonctionnelle, Université Victor Segalen, Bordeaux, France. isabelle.hesling@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hesling
authors.forename: Bixente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dilharreguy
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peppé
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amirault
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouvard
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult