title: [Expressions of D2-40 and CD34 in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and the clinical implications].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of D2-40 and CD34 in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and the clinical significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  D2-40 and CD34 expressions were detected immunohistochemically in 108 cases of invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and 30 cases of breast fibroadenoma. The lymphatic microvessel density (LMD) and the microvessel density (MD), marked by D2-40 and CD34, respectively, were calculated and their relationship with the clinicopathological factors was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LMD and MD for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast were significantly higher than those of breast fibroadenoma (P<0.01). One-way ANOVA indicated that the LMD differed significantly between tumors of different histological grades, status of lymph node metastasis and TNM stages; the MD also varied significantly with the tumor size, histological grade, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage. The LMD and MD showed a positive correlation to the tumor size (r=0.335, 0.337), histological grade (r=0.580, 0.671), lymph node metastasis (r=0.690, 0.721) and TNM stage (r=0.623, 0.634), but not to ER, PR or Her-2 status (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  D2-40 can specifically mark the lymphatic endothelial cells in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. The LMD and MD are positively correlated to the clinicopathological factors of the malignancy. D2-40 and CD34 has the potential for use as the predictors to evaluate the tumor progression and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. lok_zhen@163.com
authors.forename: Le-feng
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Chang-sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Min-feng
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gui-po
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jia-jian
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels; D055806:Microvessels; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor