title: Modified plantar plate tenodesis for correction of claw toe deformity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the modified plantar plate tenodesis for correction of claw toe deformity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Modified plantar plate tenodesis was performed in ten fresh frozen cadaveric feet with claw toe deformity of the second toe. The plantar plate of the second metatarsophalangeal joint was anchored to the extensor digitorum longus tendon by a figure-of-eight suture. The figure-of-eight construct and the relationship of the digital nerve and the suture were studied. A clinical study was conducted to study the operative times, degree of correction and the improvement of AOFAS score between groups with the original plantar plate tenodesis (Group 1) and modified technique (Group 2). Any neural injury if present was also noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the cadaveric study, the claw toe deformity was corrected and no nerve injury occurred in any specimen. There was flexor tendon tethering by the suture in 2 specimens. In the clinical study, the average operative time was 51 minutes for Group 1 and 31 minutes for Group 2. The improvement in AOFAS score averaged 44 in Group 1 and 43 in Group 2. The corrective power of the sagittal plane deformity at the metatarsophalangeal joint averaged 25 degrees in Group 1 and 23 degrees in Group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plantar plate tenodesis was effective in correction of flexible claw second toe deformity by stabilization of the attenuated plantar plate. The modified technique allowed easier retrieval of the suture and shorter operative time. However, it may result in tethering of the flexor tendon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, North District Hospital, 9 Po Kin Road, Sheung Shui, NT, Hong Kong SAR, China. luithderek@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lui
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001182:Arthroscopy; D002102:Cadaver; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D037801:Hammer Toe Syndrome / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020127:Recovery of Function; D053656:Tenodesis / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016474:Weight-Bearing