title: The analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect of WIN-34B, a new herbal formula for osteoarthritis composed of Lonicera japonica Thunb and Anemarrhena asphodeloides BUNGE in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lonicera japonica Thunb and Anemarrhena asphodeloides BUNGE have been used for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory diseases, cold and infective diseases in many countries, including Korea and China.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to assess the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of n-butanol fraction (WIN-34B) prepared from dried flowers of Lonicera japonica and dried roots of Anemarrhena asphodeloides as potential novel treatment of osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-nociceptive activities of WIN-34B (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) were measured using acetic acid-induced writhing response, formalin-induced paw licking, hot plate, radiant heat tail-flick, carrageenan-induced paw pressure, and Hargreaves tests, respectively. Anti-inflammatory activities of WIN-34B (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg, p.o.) were assessed using acetic acid-induced vascular permeability, carrageenan-induced paw edema, and croton oil-induced ear edema. Anti-osteoarthritis effect of WIN-34B was analyzed using monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced osteoarthritis animal model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WIN-34B exhibited better anti-inflammatory activity than that of celecoxib in carrageenan at the dose of 200 mg/kg and croton oil-induced paw edema and ear edema at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg. WIN-34B exhibited significant anti-inflammatory effects on vascular permeability. WIN-34B also exhibited significant anti-nociceptive activities in the late phase of formalin-induced paw licking and writhing response model in mice. In radiant heat tail-flick and carrageenan-induced paw pressure tests, WIN-34B at the dose of 400 mg/kg and at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg presented similar activities to indomethacin and celecoxib. Compared to indomethacin WIN-34B at 400mg/kg showed similar or better anti-nociceptive activities after 1 and 2h of theraphy in the hot plate test and better anti-nociceptive activity than that of celecoxib in Hargreves test. In the MIA-induced osteoarthritis animal models, WIN-34B at 400 mg/kg exhibited similar or better anti-nociceptive property than that of celecoxib throughout the pain measurement periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When compared to celecoxib, WIN-34B exhibited similar or better anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in osteoarthritic animal models, which may become a potential novel treatment for osteoarthritis.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Institute, WhanIn Pharm. Co., Ltd, Yeongtong-Gu, Suwon-si, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Moonkyu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Inho
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Jonghyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Soon Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeong Hun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji-Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kyoung Chul
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kyoung Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myung Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Dong-Suk
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jae-Dong
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong-Baik
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031403:Anemarrhena; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D002351:Carrageenan; D000068579:Celecoxib; D003436:Croton Oil; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D035264:Flowers; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007461:Iodoacetates; D031239:Lonicera; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018517:Plant Roots; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007461:Iodoacetates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; C569023:WIN 34B; D003436:Croton Oil; D002351:Carrageenan; D000068579:Celecoxib; D007213:Indomethacin