title: Palladium/zirconium oxide nanocomposite as a highly recyclable catalyst for C-C coupling reactions in water.
abstract: Palladium nanoparticles have been electrochemically supported on zirconium oxide nanostructured powders and all the nanomaterials have been characterized by several analytical techniques. The Pd/ZrO(2) nanocatalyst is demonstrated to be a very efficient catalyst in Heck, Ullmann, and Suzuki reactions of aryl halides in water. The catalyst efficiency is attributed to the stabilization of Pd nanophases provided by tetra(alkyl)- ammonium hydroxide, which behaves both as base and PTC (phase transfer catalyst) agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Università degli Studi Aldo Moro, Via Orabona 4, 70126-Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Monopoli
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nacci
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calò
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciminale
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cotugno
authors.forename: Annarosa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangone
authors.forename: Lorena Carla
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Giannossa
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Azzone
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cioffi
mesh_terms: D064753:Ammonium Hydroxide; D002384:Catalysis; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000737:chemistry*; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D053761:Nanocomposites / Q000737:chemistry*; D055601:Organic Chemistry Phenomena; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D059027:Recycling; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D006878:Hydroxides; D014867:Water; D064753:Ammonium Hydroxide; D010165:Palladium; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide