Cardiac and peripheral adjustments induced by early exercise training intervention were associated with autonomic improvement in infarcted rats: role in functional capacity and mortality.
OBJECTIVE
To test the effects of early exercise training (ET) on left ventricular (LV) and autonomic functions, haemodynamics, tissues blood flows (BFs), maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2) max), and mortality after myocardial infarction (MI) in rats.


RESULTS
Male Wistar rats were divided into: control (C), sedentary-infarcted (SI), and trained-infarcted (TI). One week after MI, TI group underwent an ET protocol (90 days, 50-70% VO(2) max). Left ventricular function was evaluated non-invasively and invasively. Baroreflex sensitivity, heart rate variability, and pulse interval were measured. Cardiac output (CO) and regional BFs were determined using coloured microspheres. Infarcted area was reduced in TI (19 ± 6%) compared with SI (34 ± 5%) after ET. Exercise training improved the LV and autonomic functions, the CO and regional BF changes induced by MI, as well as increased SERCA2 expression and mRNA vascular endothelial growth factor levels. These changes brought about by ET resulted in mortality rate reduction in the TI (13%) group compared with the SI (54%) group.


CONCLUSIONS
Early aerobic ET reduced cardiac and peripheral dysfunctions and preserved cardiovascular autonomic control after MI in trained rats. Consequently, these ET-induced changes resulted in improved functional capacity and survival after MI.
Jorge
Luciana
L
Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (InCor), Medical School of University of São Paulo, Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar 44-Subsolo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Rodrigues
Bruno
B
Rosa
Kaleizu Teodoro
KT
Malfitano
Christiane
C
Loureiro
Tatiana Carolina Alba
TC
Medeiros
Alessandra
A
Curi
Rui
R
Brum
Patricia Chakur
PC
Lacchini
Silvia
S
Montano
Nicola
N
De Angelis
Kátia
K
Irigoyen
Maria-Cláudia
MC
D000818:Animals; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology
C506948:Atp2a2 protein, rat; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases