title: The use of microRNAs as reference genes for quantitative polymerase chain reaction in soybean.
abstract: Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) is a robust and widely applied technique used to investigate gene expression. However, for correct analysis and interpretation of results, the choice of a suitable gene to use as an internal control is a crucial factor. These genes, such as housekeeping genes, should have a constant expression level in different tissues and across different conditions. The advances in genome sequencing have provided high-throughput gene expression analysis and have contributed to the identification of new genes, including microRNAs (miRNAs). The miRNAs are fundamental regulatory genes of eukaryotic genomes, acting on several biological functions. In this study, miRNA expression stability was investigated in different soybean tissues and genotypes as well as after abiotic or biotic stress treatments. The present study represents the first investigation into the suitability of miRNAs as housekeeping genes in plants. The transcript stability of 10 miRNAs was compared to those of six previously reported housekeeping genes for the soybean. In this study, we provide evidence that the expression stabilities of miR156b and miR1520d were the highest across the soybean experiments. Furthermore, these miRNAs genes were more stable than the most commonly protein-coding genes used in soybean gene expression studies involving RT-qPCR.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Biotechnology, Laboratory of Genomes and Plant Population, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Franceli Rodrigues
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Kulcheski
authors.forename: Francismar Correa
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Marcelino-Guimaraes
authors.forename: Alexandre Lima
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Nepomuceno
authors.forename: Ricardo Vilela
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Abdelnoor
authors.forename: Rogério
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Margis
mesh_terms: D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D020871:RNA Stability / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012984:Software; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018749:RNA, Plant