title: Hand surgery on anticoagulated patients: a prospective study of 121 operations.
abstract: The management of anticoagulated patients requiring surgery presents a challenge to hand surgeons. The risk of bleeding related complications needs to be weighed up against the increased risk of thrombotic events if anticoagulants are altered or ceased. There is literature reporting the safety of hand, skin, eye and dental surgery on patients taking anticoagulants, and there is literature highlighting the risks associated with altering regular anticoagulant medication. However, it is common practice to cease or alter patients' anticoagulants peri-operatively for hand surgery. We report a prospective study of 107 patients taking anticoagulants who underwent 121 hand operations from December 2005 to August 2009. There was only one significant complication, that being a haematoma which occurred in a patient taking clopidogrel. We conclude that interruption to therapy with warfarin (provided the INR is not greater than 3.0), clopidogrel or clopidogrel with aspirin is unnecessary for patients undergoing hand surgery.
authors.affiliation: Hornsby Hand Centre, Hornsby, NSW, Australia. ianed@bigpond.com
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Edmunds
authors.forename: Zorik
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Avakian
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery*; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D019934:International Normalized Ratio; D019990:Perioperative Care; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014111:Tourniquets; D014859:Warfarin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine; D001241:Aspirin