Evidence-based interventions for preventing substance use disorders in adolescents.
Substantial progress has been made in developing prevention programs for adolescent drug abuse. The most effective interventions target salient risk and protective factors at the individual, family, and community levels and are guided by relevant psychosocial theories regarding the etiology of substance use and abuse. This article reviews the epidemiology, etiologic risk and protective factors, and evidence-based approaches that have been found to be most effective in preventing adolescent substance use and abuse. Exemplary school- and family-based prevention programs for universal (everyone in population), selected (members of at-risk groups), and indicated (at-risk individuals) target populations are reviewed, along with model community-based prevention approaches. Challenges remain in widely disseminating evidence-based prevention programs into schools, families, and communities.
Griffin
Kenneth W
KW
Division of Prevention and Health Behavior, Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell University, 402 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065, USA. kgriffin@med.cornell.edu
Botvin
Gilbert J
GJ
D000293:Adolescent; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012574:Schools / Q000458:organization & administration; D012931:Social Environment; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology