title: Effects of extensor synovectomy and excision of the distal ulna in rheumatoid arthritis on long-term function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Objective outcomes data after excision of the distal ulna in rheumatoid arthritis are lacking. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional results of this surgery in the long term.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively collected data on range of motion (22 wrists), visual analog pain scores (14 wrists), and grip strength measured using a Jamar dynamometer (20 hands) in a group of 23 patients (26 wrists) preoperatively and at 3 months, 12 months, and a minimum of 5 years postoperatively (range, 5.3-10.4 y). The Jebsen-Taylor hand function test was administered to 9 patients at the same time points. A subgroup of patients also underwent extensor carpi radialis longus to extensor carpi ulnaris tendon transfer (11 wrists).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At one year, there were improvements in wrist pronation and supination, which were maintained at final follow-up. Active radial deviation decreased significantly at 3 months (p = .01) and one year (p = .02); this remained reduced at final follow-up (not significant). Wrist extension and active ulnar deviation showed slight improvements by one year, but reduced to levels below that measured preoperatively by final follow-up. Wrist flexion was significantly reduced at all time points postoperatively. Grip strength showed improvement from 10.0 kg (standard deviation [SD] 4.1 kg) preoperatively to 12.5 kg (SD 4.6 kg) 1 year after surgery and returned to preoperative levels (9.5 kg, SD 5.6 kg) by final follow-up. Wrist pain was significantly reduced from a mean score of 5 (SD 4) preoperatively to 2 (SD 2) postoperatively (p = .01). The Jebsen-Taylor hand function test showed improvements in writing and card turning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the long term, excision of the distal ulna in rheumatoid patients results in an improvement in some aspects of hand function. There is a significant (p = .01) reduction in wrist pain but a reduction of wrist flexion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Therapeutic IV.
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom. Ajainuk@aol.com
authors.forename: Abhilash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Freidin
authors.forename: Jagdeep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nanchahal
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D000074402:Synovectomy; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014457:Ulna / Q000601:surgery*; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery