title: Developmental myosin heavy chain mRNA in masseter after orthognathic surgery: a preliminary study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A microarray study showed an increase of developmental myosin heavy chain (MyHC) mRNA in the masseter muscle after surgery. The aim of the study was to determine the expression of the embryonic MYH3 and perinatal MYH8 for use as potential marker for muscle adaptation after orthognathic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 adult patients with a prognathic (11) or retrognathic (13) mandible were involved in the study. 192 biopsies were taken from two parts of the muscles presurgically and 6 months following. The expression of MYH3 and MYH8 were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Absolute quantification was done by CT-values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MYH3 was up-regulated in prognathia (8.5, P<0.001) and in retrognathia (2.8, P<0.043). MYH8 was up-regulated in retrognathia only (4.0, P<0.063) and down-regulated in prognathia (-1.6). MYH3 values correlated in retrognathic patients (P<0.005) before and after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MYH3 and MYH8 could play a role in functional adaptation after orthognathic surgery and orofacial orthopaedics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University of Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Khemais
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oukhai
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maricic
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Harzer
authors.forename: Eve
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tausche
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000601:surgery; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000601:surgery; D008334:Mandible / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D008406:Masseter Muscle / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C510594:MYH3 polypeptide, human; C488292:MYH8 protein, human; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains