title: Ruptured tuboovarian abscess and septic shock with Clostridium perfringens in a postmenopausal woman: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clostridium perfringens is the most common causative organism of gas gangrene, a necrotizing infection of soft tissue classically associated with traumatic injuries. Recently, awareness of its occurrence in spontaneous nontraumatic contexts has been increasing. The authors report an unusual case of nontraumatic/spontaneous C perfringens gas gangrene localized to the adnexae.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 55-year-old woman presented with abdominal complaints and had surgery because the computed tomographic finding of air in the abdomen led to a preoperative diagnosis of perforated bowel. An infected, draining, right tuboovarian complex and infected left tube were removed. The patient had a stormy postoperative course and was ultimately diagnosed with C perfringens infection/sepsis; she had to be readmitted over a month after discharge for drainage of a pelvic abscess, also due to clostridial infection. The patient ultimately underwent hysterectomy with removal of remaining adnexa. The hysterectomy specimen revealed endometrial carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  C perfringens can cause adnexal infection in the absence of trauma. Diagnosis may be difficult. Timely, aggressive surgical and medical therapy is imperative. When such cases occur, malignancy should be suspected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Richmond University Medical Center, 355 Bard Avenue, Staten Island, NY 10310, USA. awagner328@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Jane M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ponterio
authors.forename: Joanna C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pessolano
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D003016:Clostridium perfringens; D004322:Drainage; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005738:Gas Gangrene / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D017698:Postmenopause; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology*