title: Endoscopic management of biliary complications after liver transplantation.
abstract: Complications of the biliary tract are an important cause of morbidity and mortality after liver transplantation. The most frequent complications are anastomotic biliary tract strictures, bile leaks, and bile duct stones. The estimated incidence of these complications ranges between 5% and 25%, although rates have been decreasing in recent years. Most complications can be managed successfully with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. This article reviews the various biliary complications after liver transplantation (both deceased donor and living-related donor) and their endoscopic management.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Krok
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cárdenas
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thuluvath
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D001660:Biliary Tract Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality; D019520:Living Donors; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy