title: Insertion/insertion genotype of α(2B)-adrenergic receptor gene polymorphism is associated with silent myocardial ischemia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether α(2)-adrenergic receptor (AR) polymorphisms (α(2A)-AR, α(2B)-AR and α(2C)-AR gene) affected silent myocardial ischemia (SMI) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Genetic polymorphisms were determined in 321 patients with T2DM and coronary artery disease (CAD). Among them, 129 patients experienced transient asymptomatic ST-depression during 24-hour ambulatory electrocardiogram (SMI group), and the remaining 192 patients who had ambulatory electrocardiogram-symptom matching angina were categorized as angina group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotype distribution and allele frequencies of α(2B)-AR gene polymorphism (insertion [I]/deletion[D]) exhibited significant difference between SMI group and angina group (both P < 0.05), with genotype II (34.9%) being higher in SMI group than in angina group (19.8%) (P < 0.01). Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that duration of diabetes and genotype II of α(2B)-AR gene polymorphism were independently associated with SMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Homozygote for I allele of α(2B)-AR gene polymorphism is associated with SMI in T2DM patients with CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Qiu Jing
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Cao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Ling Jie
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rui Yan
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhen Kun
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei Feng
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional / Q000235:genetics*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: C547771:ADRA2B protein, human; D016207:Cytokines; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2