title: Detection of gastric cancer cells in the blue lymph node and lymphaticus under sentinel lymph node biopsy using dye technique alone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether or not there are cancer cells in the blue node (BN) and the sentinel lymphaticus (SL), which is detected using sentinel node biopsy (SNB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patent blue (1%) is injected submucosally into 4 to 5 different sites at 1 mL per site around the primary tumor. Blue-stained lymphatics and lymph nodes can be seen by turning over the greater omentum and lesser omentum extraperitoneally. If blue nodes or lymphaticus are found, biopsy is performed at this point. The study was conducted in 14 patients (11 males and 3 females, mean age 65.7 y/o) with a preoperative diagnosis of T1 tumor invasion and NO that there is no lymph node metastasis. Informed consent was obtained from the patients for SNB after patent blue staining and investigation of CEAmRNA and CK20mRNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 14 patients in whom BN and SL were identified, 1 (7.1%) had positive CEAmRNA and positive CK20mRNA of SL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our present study shows the possibility for the existence of cancer cells in the lymphaticus from the tumor to BN. We should avoid the cut of lymphaticus when we perform gastrectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Yokohama City University, School of Medicine, 3-9, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan. rino@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rino
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yukawa
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugano
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Tetsukan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Munetaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C008769:sulfan blue