title: Progesterone increases manganese superoxide dismutase expression via a cAMP-dependent signaling mediated by noncanonical Wnt5a pathway in human endometrial stromal cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), an antioxidant enzyme in the mitochondria, protects cells by scavenging superoxide radicals in human endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). Mn-SOD increases in ESCs during decidualization induced by progesterone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated the molecular mechanism for Mn-SOD expression induced by progesterone in human ESCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  ESCs were incubated with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA; 10(-6) m) or dibutyryl-cAMP (0.5 mm) for 17 d. To determine whether a cAMP-dependent signaling pathway is involved in the MPA-induced Mn-SOD expression, ESCs were treated with H89, an inhibitor of cAMP-dependent protein kinase A. A chromatin immunoprecipitation assay was performed to examine the binding of cAMP-binding protein to the cAMP-response element on the Mn-SOD gene promoter. To examine the involvement of Wnt5a signaling, anti-Wnt5a antibodies were used to neutralize the Wnt5a activities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mn-SOD and Wnt5a mRNA levels and intracellular cAMP concentrations were significantly increased by MPA. These increases were accompanied by an increase in the mRNA expression of IGF-binding protein-1, a marker of decidualization. The increase in Mn-SOD mRNA levels by MPA or dibutyryl-cAMP was completely inhibited by H89. The chromatin immunoprecipitation assay revealed that MPA induced cAMP-binding protein binding with cAMP-response element on the Mn-SOD gene promoter. The increase in intracellular cAMP concentrations by MPA was completely inhibited by treatment with anti-Wnt5a antibodies. MPA treatment had no effects on β-catenin expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progesterone increased Mn-SOD expression via a cAMP-dependent pathway in ESCs during decidualization. cAMP-dependent signaling stimulated by progesterone is mediated by noncanonical Wnt5a pathways that signal independently of β-catenin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Minamikogushi, Ube, Japan.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Fumie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kizuka
authors.forename: Lifa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taketani
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein
chemical_list: C032231:IGFBP1 protein, human; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C085389:WNT5A protein, human; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D003994:Bucladesine; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase