title: Dietary effect of lactoferrin-enriched fermented milk on skin surface lipid and clinical improvement of acne vulgaris.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lactoferrin, a whey milk protein after removing precipitated casein, has a prominent activity against inflammation in vitro and systemic effects on various inflammatory diseases have been suggested. The objective was to determine dietary effects of lactoferrin-enriched fermented milk on patients with acne vulgaris, an inflammatory skin condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients 18 to 30 y of age were randomly assigned to ingest fermented milk with 200 mg of lactoferrin daily (n = 18, lactoferrin group) or fermented milk only (n = 18, placebo group) in a 12-wk, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Acne lesion counts and grade were assessed at monthly visits. The condition of the skin by hydration, sebum and pH, and skin surface lipids was assessed at baseline and 12 wk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Acne showed improvement in the lactoferrin group by significant decreases in inflammatory lesion count by 38.6%, total lesion count by 23.1%, and acne grade by 20.3% compared with the placebo group at 12 wk. Furthermore, sebum content in the lactoferrin group was decreased by 31.1% compared with the placebo group. The amount of total skin surface lipids decreased in both groups. However, of the major lipids, amounts of triacylglycerols and free fatty acids decreased in the lactoferrin group, whereas the amount of free fatty acids decreased only in the placebo group. The decreased amount of triacylglycerols in the lactoferrin group was significantly correlated with decreases in serum content, acne lesion counts, and acne grade. No alterations in skin hydration or pH were noted in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lactoferrin-enriched fermented milk ameliorates acne vulgaris with a selective decrease of triacylglycerols in skin surface lipids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Nutrition, Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.
authors.forename: Jungmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeonjeong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Yu-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Nack-In
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woel-Kyu
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Yunhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D043302:Cultured Milk Products; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis*; D012629:Sebum / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D007781:Lactoferrin