title: A polyphenol extract modifies quantity but not quality of liver fatty acid content in high-fat-high-sucrose diet-fed rats: possible implication of the sirtuin pathway.
abstract: High-fat or high-fat-high-sucrose diets are known to induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and this is emerging as one of the most common liver diseases worldwide. Some polyphenols have been reported to decrease rat hepatic lipid accumulation, in particular those extracted from red grapes such as resveratrol. The present study was designed to determine whether a polyphenol extract (PPE), from red grapes, modulates liver fatty acid composition and desaturase activity indexes in rats fed a high-fat-high-sucrose (HFHS) diet, and to explore whether sirtuin-1 deacetylase activation was implicated in the effect of the PPE against liver steatosis. The effect of this PPE on mitochondriogenesis and mitochondrial activity was also explored. The PPE decreased liver TAG content in HFHS+PPE diet-fed rats in comparison with HFHS diet-fed rats. The PPE had no effect on liver fatty acid composition, desaturase activity indexes and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) gene expression. Sirtuin-1 deacetylase protein expression was significantly increased with the PPE; AMP kinase protein expression was higher with the PPE in comparison with the HFHS rats, but no modification of phosphorylated AMP kinase was observed. Protein expression of phospho-acetyl-CoA carboxylase was decreased in HFHS rats and returned to basal values with the PPE. Finally, the PPE modulated PPARγ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) but did not modify mitochondriogenesis and mitochondrial activity. In conclusion, the PPE partially prevented the accumulation of TAG in the liver by regulating acetyl-CoA carboxylase phosphorylation, a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, probably via sirtuin-1 deacetylase activation. However, the PPE had no effect on the qualitative composition of liver fatty acids.
authors.affiliation: INRA UMR, Différentiation Cellulaire et Croissance, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Manar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoun
authors.forename: Francoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fouret
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jullien
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wrutniak-Cabello
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cristol
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coudray
authors.forename: Marie-Annette
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Carbonneau
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feillet-Coudray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000139:chemically induced; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D056564:Sirtuin 1 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D056564:Sirtuin 1