title: Targeted mutagenesis in the silkworm Bombyx mori using zinc finger nuclease mRNA injection.
abstract: Targeted mutagenesis is one of the key methods for functional gene analysis. A simplified variant of gene targeting uses direct microinjection of custom-designed Zinc Finger Nuclease (ZFN) mRNAs into Drosophila embryos. To evaluate the applicability of this method to gene targeting in another insect, we mutagenized the Bombyx mori epidermal color marker gene BmBLOS2, which controls the formation of uric acid granules in the larval epidermis. Our results revealed that ZFN mRNA injection is effective to induce somatic, as well as germline, mutations in a targeted gene by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). The ZFN-induced NHEJ mutations lack end-filling and blunt ligation products, and include mainly 7 bp or longer deletions, as well as single nucleotide insertions. These observations suggest that the B. mori double-strand break repair system relies on microhomologies rather than on a canonical ligase IV-dependent mechanism. The frequency of germline mutants in G(1) was sufficient to be used for gene targeting relying on a screen based solely on molecular methods.
authors.affiliation: Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences and the Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beumer
authors.forename: Keiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchino
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sezutsu
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sajwan
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zurovec
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D004260:DNA Repair; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018390:Gene Targeting / Q000379:methods*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016296:Mutagenesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases