title: Cutting edge: all-trans retinoic acid sustains the stability and function of natural regulatory T cells in an inflammatory milieu.
abstract: Recent studies have demonstrated that plasticity of naturally occurring CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (nTregs) may account for their inability to control chronic inflammation in established autoimmune diseases. All-trans retinoic acid (atRA), the active derivative of vitamin A, has been demonstrated to promote Foxp3(+) Treg differentiation and suppress Th17 development. In this study, we report a vital role of atRA in sustaining the stability and functionality of nTregs in the presence of IL-6. We found that nTregs treated with atRA were resistant to Th17 and other Th cell conversion and maintained Foxp3 expression and suppressive activity in the presence of IL-6 in vitro. atRA decreased IL-6R expression and signaling by nTregs. Of interest, adoptive transfer of nTregs even from arthritic mice treated with atRA suppressed progression of established collagen-induced arthritis. We suggest that nTregs treated with atRA may represent a novel treatment strategy to control established chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, University of South California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Huiming
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Hejian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Horwitz
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Zhongmin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Song Guo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D055879:Gene Knock-In Techniques; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020381:Interleukin-17; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014212:Tretinoin