title: Are Australian smokers interested in using low-nitrosamine smokeless tobacco for harm reduction?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine (1) whether Australian smokers are aware of low-nitrosamine smokeless tobacco (LNSLT) products and (2) whether they would be interested in using LNSLT either as a long-term substitute for smoking or as an aid to quitting, if these products were to become legally available.
  
  
  METHODS
  401 daily smokers were recruited by a market research company to complete an internet questionnaire about their smoking history, knowledge of smokeless tobacco and intentions to purchase LNSLT under different scenarios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Just under half (48%) indicated they were willing to buy an LNSLT product. Predictors of an interest in purchasing LNSLT were low income, poorer health, prior SLT use, belief that SLT is less harmful than cigarettes, switching to a lower tar cigarette in the past year, ever using nicotine replacement therapy products for quitting or other reasons, having made a failed cessation attempt in the previous year and not planning to quit smoking. Analysis of quitting and LNSLT purchasing intentions under different scenarios suggest that making LNSLT available at a much lower cost than smoked cigarettes while increasing taxes on cigarettes could provide a greater reduction in the number of smokers than the same tax increase alone. These results support further examination of the potential for LNSLT to reduce smoking-related harm in Australia.
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Herston, Queensland, Australia. c.gartner@sph.uq.edu.au
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gartner
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Soto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borland
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia; D003132:Commerce; D005260:Female; D040261:Harm Reduction; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013638:Tars; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009602:Nitrosamines; D013638:Tars