title: Phaeochromocytoma in the Hong Kong Chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the clinical manifestations of phaeochromocytoma in a Hong Kong Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review. SETTING. Five public hospitals in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with operated phaeochromocytoma between 1994 and 2003 were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients (35%) were men, 11 (65%) were women. The mean age at presentation was 47 (range, 17-72) years. The diagnosis post-presentation was delayed by 1 to 132 months. Over 70% of the patients had hypertension. The most frequent symptoms were headache (53%), palpitations (53%), and sweating (41%); all these symptoms were present in 24% of the patients. Four (24%) had hereditary phaeochromocytoma/paraganglioma syndrome. The sensitivity of 24-hour urinary catecholamine measurements was 82%. Mean urinary adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were respectively 7- and 8-fold greater than the upper reference limits. Computed tomography and metaiodobenzylguanidine scintigraphy were the most widely used means for tumour localisation (sensitivity, 100% and 87% respectively). Approximately 65% of the patients had intra-adrenal tumours; 53% were on right side, 18% were bilateral. All the patients were prescribed phenoxybenzamine (dosage range, 20-120 mg/day) preoperatively. Two thirds of the patients had improved blood pressure 1 year after the operation. No malignancy was reported after a mean follow-up period of 7 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our series of patients with phaeochromocytomas commonly had a high frequency of normotension and extra-adrenal tumours. A high index of clinical suspicion and appropriate biochemical investigations are necessary to make the diagnosis, especially for patients manifesting adrenal incidentaloma and extra-adrenal lesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Yan Chai Hospital, Hong Kong. yauseeyun@yahoo.com.hk
authors.forename: Joyce S Y
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yau
authors.forename: June K Y
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Vicki H K
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Vincent T F
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kwan
mesh_terms: D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine; D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D010643:Phenoxybenzamine; D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine