title: Doctors and romance: not only of interest to Mills and Boon readers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Internationally there is a growing demand for health services. Skilled health workers, including doctors, have a high degree of international mobility and New Zealand (NZ) stands out internationally in terms of the significant flows of doctors in and out of the country. Through changes in training of doctors in NZ and migration flows, there have been major shifts in the composition of the medical workforce in NZ since the mid-1980s.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Studies of the changing nature of the medical workforce often focus on gender and migration separately as well as only considering doctors as individuals. The aim of this exploratory study is to examine the living arrangements of doctors, the composition of migrant doctors who are coming to NZ, and to understand the educational and employment status of the partners of doctors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study is a descriptive analysis primarily using census data from 1986 through to 2006 and immigration data collected by the Department of Labour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Half of the female medical doctors approved for residence through the Skilled/Business stream migrated independently, while for male doctors less than athird came to NZ independently. Male migrant doctors were more likely to be partnered. Census data showed that people with medical backgrounds tend to partner with each other. However, these relationships are changing, as more women become doctors. In 1986 about 14% of male doctors had a nurse or midwife as a partner and nearly 9% had a doctor partner. By 2006 the proportion of partners of male doctors who were also doctors had risen to 16%, higher than the 9% who were nurses. For female doctors the changes are more dramatic. In 1986, 42% of female doctors in relationships had a doctor as a partner. By 2006, female doctors had increased substantially, but the percentage with a doctor partner had dropped to under athird. Well-qualified couples where one or both are doctors, have a greater propensityto live in main urban areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through official reports and extensive media coverage, the NZ public is well aware of local and national doctor shortages. There is also awareness, often through personal visits to a GP or hospital, of the significant rise in number of female and of foreign-born doctors. The choices doctors are making in living arrangements need to be taken into account when considering both national and international recruitment of medical staff. Researchers and policy makers may need to consider family migration issues more than they have in the past for doctors as well as for other migrant groups.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Policy Studies, Victoria University of Wellington, New Zealand. paul.callister@vuw.ac.nz
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Callister
authors.forename: Juthika
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Badkar
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Didham
mesh_terms: D019352:Censuses; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000600:supply & distribution*