title: Effect of Emblica officinalis (fruit) against UVB-induced photo-aging in human skin fibroblasts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Emblica officinalis fruit (EO), commonly known as Amla is a reputed traditional medicine and functional food used in Indian subcontinent. It has long been used in Indian folk medicine to treat liver diseases, stomach ulcers, inflammatory diseases, metabolic disorders, geriatric complaints, skin disorders and beauty care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Recently, it has been shown to promote pro-collagen content and inhibit matrix metalloproteinase levels in skin fibroblast. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of EO to inhibit UVB-induced photo-aging in human skin fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mitochondrial activity of human skin fibroblasts was measured by MTT-assay. Quantifications of pro-collagen 1 and matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1) release were performed by immunoassay techniques. Hyaluronidase inhibition assay was studied in vitro using bovine testicular hyaluronidase and human umbilical cord hyaluronic acid. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flowcytometry using propidium iodide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EO stimulated, the otherwise UVB inhibited cellular proliferation and protected pro-collagen 1 against UVB-induced depletion via inhibition of UVB-induced MMP-1 in skin fibroblasts (10-40 μg/mL, p>0.001). EO exhibited inhibitory activity of hyaluronidase (10-40 μg/mL, p>0.001). Treatment with EO also prevented UVB disturbed cell cycle to normal phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the present study suggests that EO effectively inhibits UVB-induced photo-aging in human skin fibroblast via its strong ROS scavenging ability and its therapeutic and cosmetic applications remain to be explored.
authors.affiliation: Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Canal Road, Jammu Tawi 180001, Jammu and Kashmir India.
authors.forename: Mushtaq D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Adil
authors.forename: Peerzada
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Naresh K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Satti
authors.forename: Afzal M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zargar
authors.forename: Ram A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Vishwakarma
authors.forename: Sheikh A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Tasduq
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D029842:Phyllanthus emblica / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011347:Procollagen / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011347:Procollagen; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1