Regulatory T cells (TREG) and their roles in immune system with respect to immunopathological disorders.
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) are a specialized subpopulation of T cells that act to suppress immune response, thereby maintaining homeostasis and self-tolerance. It has been shown that Tregs are able to inhibit T cell proliferation and cytokine production and play a critical role in preventing autoimmunity. Different subsets with various functions of Treg cells exist. Tregs can be usually identified by flow cytometry. The most specific marker for these cells is FoxP3, which is localized intracellulary. Selected surface markers such as CD25high (high molecular density) and CD127low (low molecular density) could serve as surrogate markers to detect Tregs in a routine clinical practice. Dysregulation in Treg cell frequency or functions may lead to the development of autoimmune disease. Therapeutical Treg modulation is considered to be a promising therapeutical approach to treat some selected disorders, such as allergies, and to prevent allograft rejection.
Kondĕlková
Katerina
K
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Immunology and Allergology and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. katerina.kondelkova@seznam.cz
Vokurková
Doris
D
Krejsek
Jan
J
Borská
Lenka
L
Fiala
Zdenĕk
Z
Ctirad
Andrýs
A
D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets; D017634:Self Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*