title: Perceived Racial Discrimination and Self-Esteem in African American Youth: Racial Socialization as a Protective Factor.
abstract: Racial socialization was examined as a protective factor that might buffer African American youth from the negative effects of perceived racial discrimination. Two types of racial socialization were examined: messages about race pride and preparation for bias. One hundred twenty-eight eighth-grade African American students participated in the study. As anticipated, both types of socialization moderated the relationship between discrimination and self-esteem. The negative relationship between perceived discrimination and self-esteem was mitigated for youth who reported more messages about race pride and a moderate amount of preparation for bias from their parents. In contrast, low race pride socialization and both high and low preparation for bias were associated with a negative relationship between perceived discrimination and self-esteem.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina.
authors.forename: April
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harris-Britt
authors.forename: Cecelia R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Valrie
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kurtz-Costes
authors.forename: Stephanie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Rowley