title: Effects of GSM signals during exposure to event related potentials (ERPs).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary aim of this work was to assess the effect of electromagnetic field (EMF) from the GSM mobile phone system on human brain function. The assessment was based on the assay of event related potentials (ERPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 15 volunteers, including 7 men and 8 women. The test protocol comprised determination of P300 wave in each volunteer during exposure to the EMF. To eliminate possible effects of the applied test procedure on the final result, the test was repeated without EMF exposure. P300 latency, amplitude, and latency of the N1, N2, P2 waves were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The statistical analysis revealed an effect of EMF on P300 amplitude. In the experiment with EMF exposure, lower P300 amplitudes were observed only at the time in which the volunteers were exposed to EMF; when the exposure was discontinued, the values of the amplitude were the same as those observed before EMF application. No such change was observed when the experiment was repeated with sham exposure, which may be considered as an indirect proof that lower P300 amplitude values were due to EMF exposure. No statistically significant changes were noted in the latencies of the N1, N2, P2 waves that precede the P300 wave, nor in the latency of the P300 itself.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that exposure to GSM EMF exerts some effects on CNS, including effects on long latency ERPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Diseases and Toxicology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland. bm@imp.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dudarewicz
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zmyślony
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sliwinska-Kowalska
mesh_terms: D040421:Cell Phone; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018913:Event-Related Potentials, P300 / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male