title: The nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase Duox1 mediates a positive feedback loop during T cell receptor signaling.
abstract: Production of reactive oxygen species, often by NADPH (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) oxidases, plays a role in the signaling responses of cells to many receptor stimuli. Here, we describe the function of the calcium-dependent, nonphagocytic NADPH oxidase Duox1 in primary human CD4(+) T cells and cultured T cell lines. Duox1 bound to inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1 and was required for early T cell receptor (TCR)-stimulated production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) through a pathway that was dependent on TCR-proximal kinases. Transient or stable knockdown of Duox1 inhibited TCR signaling, especially phosphorylation of tyrosine-319 of zeta chain-associated protein kinase of 70 kilodaltons (ZAP-70), store-operated entry of calcium ions (Ca(2+)), and activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase. The production of cytokines was also inhibited by knockdown of Duox1. Duox1-mediated inactivation of Src homology 2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 promoted the phosphorylation of ZAP-70 and its association with the Src family tyrosine kinase Lck and the CD3zeta chain of the TCR complex. Thus, we suggest that activation of Duox1, downstream of proximal TCR signals, generates H(2)O(2) that acts in a positive feedback loop to enhance and sustain further TCR signaling.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 800 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. kwonja@niaid.nih.gov
authors.forename: Jaeyul
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Kristen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Shatynski
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Stanislas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morand
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: de Deken
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miot
authors.forename: Thomas L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Leto
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000276:immunology*; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C431513:DUOX1 protein, human; D002118:Calcium