title: Providing and receiving self-management support for chronic illness: patients' and health practitioners' assessments.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Providing care for people with chronic illness is a major issue for health practitioners around the world, especially as populations age. Encouraging self-management is beneficial in terms of relieving the burden on the health system and promoting better health and adherence to medication and advice amongst this group.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the level of self-management support being provided to and received by people living with chronic illness in a District Health Board (DHB) region.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-report questionnaires (PACIC) were completed by 341 people living with chronic illness to measure the self-management support they receive from general practitioners and nurses. A modified version of the PACIC was used with 12 GPs and 77 primary health nurses in the same region to assess the provision of self-management support.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients' assessments suggest that they are receiving intermittent self-management support for their chronic illness. A comparison of ratings of different health practitioners revealed that nurses were reported to be providing support more consistently than GPs. The health practitioners rated themselves as providing self-management support more often than the patients reported receiving it. Many clinicians also suggested that not all forms of support are appropriate for everyone, suggesting the need to tailor support to the individual.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic illness support needs to be considered within the context ofthe individual and to be embedded in an ongoing relationship between the person and the provider. Findings highlightthe benefits of a multidisciplinaryteam approach to self-management support and education in chronic illness care.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Social Services, Massey University, PB 11222 Palmerston North, New Zealand. J.B.Carryer@massey.ac.nz
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carryer
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Budge
authors.forename: Chiquita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gibbs
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009726:Nurses / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010361:Patients; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires