title: Cyclosporine is safe and effective in patients with severe ulcerative colitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclosporine (CSA) is effective in the short-term for severe, steroid refractory ulcerative colitis; but its use has been limited by concerns about safety and colectomy-sparing rates. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term colectomy-sparing effects and safety of CSA in patients hospitalized for ulcerative colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of the patients who underwent intravenous CSA for ulcerative colitis between 1989 and 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 71 patients with severe ulcerative colitis were treated with IV CSA. The median length of follow-up was 1.5 years (mean=3 y) (range 1 mo to 14 y) (IQR 0.6 to 4.6). Eighty-five percent (60/71) of patients responded to IV CSA and were discharged on oral CSA. Of these 60 patients, 26 were transitioned from CSA to 6MP. Of the 26 patients who were transitioned from CSA to 6MP, only 1 patient (4%) ultimately required colectomy; whereas colectomy was carried out in 76% (26/34) of the patients who were not transitioned from CSA to 6MP. Only concomitant 6MP therapy was associated with a reduced risk of colectomy (OR 0.01, 95% CI 0.001, 0.09, P<0.0001) on long-term follow-up in this group. Cumulative colectomy rates for the entire cohort were 39% (28/71) at 1 year, 42% (30/71) at 2 years, and 46% (33/71) at 5 years. Side effects were noted in two-thirds of the patients, the majority of which were mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CSA is an effective therapy for severe ulcerative colitis. Long-term efficacy is improved with transition to 6MP. Adverse events with CSA are frequent, but most are mild.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. acheifet@bidmc.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cheifetz
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: Sagar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garud
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malter
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Present
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003082:Colectomy; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D015122:Mercaptopurine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D015122:Mercaptopurine