title: Determination of unconjugated aromatic acids in urine by capillary electrophoresis with dual electrochemical detection--potential application in fast diagnosis of phenylketonuria.
abstract: A novel method of CE coupled with dual electrochemical detection has been developed for the determination of pathological metabolites of phenylalanine in urine samples. Factors influencing the separation and detection were examined and optimized. Five aromatic acid metabolites and a major coexisting interfering compound uric acid could be well separated within 23 min at a separation voltage of 16 kV using a 35 mmol/L SDS/60 mmol/L H(3)BO(3)-Na(2)B(4)O(7) running buffer (pH 8.2). Highly linear response was obtained for these five biomarker compounds over three orders of magnitude with detection limits ranging from 6.6 to 0.064 μg/mL (S/N=3). The average recovery and RSD were within the range of 92.6-121.0 and 1.0-12.0%, respectively. The proposed method has been used to detect the unconjugated aromatic acids simultaneously in urine samples with the advantages of obtaining more information about target analytes and avoiding redundant measurements and high assay cost, thus could find potential applications involving assays of biomarker compounds for the purpose of fast diagnose of some metabolic diseases including phenylketonuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, East China Normal University, Shanghai, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Dong-li
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wen-li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun-bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wan-rong
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xiao-fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kai-wen
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Qing-cui
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Jian-nong
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D004566:Electrodes; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007223:Infant; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000652:urine*; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000378:metabolism; D010661:Phenylketonurias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000652:urine; D010667:Phenylpyruvic Acids / Q000652:urine*; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010648:Phenylacetates; D010667:Phenylpyruvic Acids; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D010649:Phenylalanine