title: Prospective clinical trial comparing sphincterotomy, nitroglycerin ointment and xylocaine/lactulose combination for the treatment of anal fissure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to compare the ability of three treatments in patients with anal fissure, sphincterotomy, nitroglycerin ointment and combination of gel xylocaine and lactulose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety adults divided in three groups of 30 patients each group, received one of the three treatments in a 3-year interval (2007-2009) and the follow-up was for 2 months. Group A received nitroglycerin ointment, Group B underwent sphincterotomy and Group C received gel xylocaine and lactulose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concerning pain, after treatment 60% of patients in Group A did not complain of pain, 20% had transient pain, another 10% moderate pain and the remaining 10% had severe pain. In Group B, 95% of the patients had no pain and only 5% had mild, transient pain. In Group C 60% of the patients had moderate pain and the other 40% suffered from severe pain. Concerning fissure healing, in 60% of the patients of Group A, the fissure was healed. In Group B fissure healed in 93.3% and in Group C only in 16.6% of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The "gold standard" for anal fissure treatment is the lateral internal sphincterotomy and that each one of the three methods has its advantages and disadvantages.
authors.affiliation: 1st Propedeutic Surgical Clinic, AHEPA Hospital, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karamanlis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michalopoulos
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mekras
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Panagiotou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basdanis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fahantidis
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005401:Fissure in Ano / Q000628:therapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007792:Lactulose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009824:Ointments; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D009824:Ointments; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D007792:Lactulose; D008012:Lidocaine; D005996:Nitroglycerin