BMP signaling in vascular development and disease.
Genetic and functional studies indicate that common components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway play critical roles in regulating vascular development in the embryo and in promoting vascular homeostasis and disease in the adult. However, discrepancies between in vitro and in vivo findings and distinct functional properties of the BMP signaling pathway in different vascular beds, have led to controversies in the field that have been difficult to reconcile. This review attempts to clarify some of these issues by providing an up to date overview of the biology and genetics of BMP signaling relevant to the intact vasculature.
Lowery
Jonathan W
JW
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
de Caestecker
Mark P
MP
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000196:embryology*; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D047108:Embryonic Development; D065627:Familial Primary Pulmonary Hypertension; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*
D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D051785:Smad Proteins; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors