title: Role of H3K27 methylation in the regulation of lncRNA expression.
abstract: Once thought to be transcriptional noise, large non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently been demonstrated to be functional molecules. The cell-type-specific expression patterns of lncRNAs suggest that their transcription may be regulated epigenetically. Using a custom-designed microarray, here we examine the expression profile of lncRNAs in embryonic stem (ES) cells, lineage-restricted neuronal progenitor cells, and terminally differentiated fibroblasts. In addition, we also analyze the relationship between their expression and their promoter H3K4 and H3K27 methylation patterns. We find that numerous lncRNAs in these cell types undergo changes in the levels of expression and promoter H3K4me3 and H3K27me3. Interestingly, lncRNAs that are expressed at lower levels in ES cells exhibit higher levels of H3K27me3 at their promoters. Consistent with this result, knockdown of the H3K27me3 methyltransferase Ezh2 results in derepression of these lncRNAs in ES cells. Thus, our results establish a role for Ezh2-mediated H3K27 methylation in lncRNA silencing in ES cells and reveal that lncRNAs are subject to epigenetic regulation in a similar manner to that of the protein-coding genes.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7295, USA.
authors.forename: Susan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kallin
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000071221:Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; D020868:Gene Silencing; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D063146:Polycomb-Group Proteins; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000071221:Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; C498410:Ezh2 protein, mouse; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2