title: Comparison of flap and flapless procedures for the stability of chemically modified SLA titanium implants: an experimental study in a canine model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Flapless implant surgery has been shown to accelerate recovery and increase the vascularity of the peri-implant mucosa after implant placement.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare dental implant stabilization patterns between flap and flapless implant surgeries over the first 8 weeks after implant placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 6 mongrel dogs, bilateral, edentulated, and flat alveolar ridges were created in the mandible. After 3 months of healing, 2 implants (Straumann SLA-active) were placed in each side of the mandible using either a flap or flapless procedure. The implant stability quotient (ISQ) that was obtained from Osstell Mentor was measured at the time of implantation and weekly over the first 8 weeks after implant placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implants stabilized more quickly without flap elevation than with flap elevation. For flapless implants, an increase in stability occurred after 2 weeks without a period of decreasing stability. However, for flap implants, a shift in implant stability from decreasing stability to increasing stability occurred after 2 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the canine model, flapless surgical placement of implants may increase the initial stability of implants compared with implants placed after the reflection of the mucoperiosteal flap.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Seung-Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Byung-Ho
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jihun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Du-Hyeong
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xuan
authors.forename: Dong-Yub
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Chun-Ui
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000601:surgery*; D000818:Animals; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000601:surgery*; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*; D016348:Osseointegration; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants