title: GP practice variation in hospitalisation rates: a study of partnership health-enrolled patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This project aims to provide information to support the planning and implementation of strategies to reduce hospitalisation. It examines variations in hospital discharge rates between practice populations and the use of special general practice access funding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Practice enrolment data for 345 254 patients enrolled with 102 Partnership Health Primary Health Organisation (PHO) general practices were sent to New Zealand Health Information Service. Data linked to the patient National Health Index (NHI) relating to hospital discharges were attached to the practice enrolment data for the two years ending June 2007 and returned to the researchers with the NHI numbers encrypted. Total discharges were 127426. The data were analysed for rates of hospital discharges for different population groups and by general practice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There is a substantial variation in hospital discharge rates between general practices, but this is only partly accounted for by practice population characteristics. Furthermore while there is a strong social gradient in European admissions, this is much less true for Maori. There was also a wide variation between practices in the uptake of High Use Health Cards, special funding for frequent attenders at general practices and 'Care Plus' funding for patients with chronic conditions. Practice deprivation, ethnicity and age only explained a minor part of this variation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high rate of unexplained practice variation in chronic care management and hospitalisation rates, especially for Maori, is of concern. Further investigation of the causes of such variability is needed as afirst step in reducing hospitalisation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Malcolm
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007345:Insurance Claim Review; D008297:Male; D010346:Patient Care Management; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011203:Poverty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017678:Sex Distribution