title: Use of aspirin and other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications in relation to prostate cancer risk.
abstract: Recent interest has focused on the role that inflammation may play in the development of prostate cancer and whether use of aspirin or other nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) affects risk. In a population-based case-control study designed to investigate the relation between these medications and prostate cancer risk, detailed exposure data were analyzed from 1,001 cases diagnosed with prostate cancer between January 1, 2002, and December 31, 2005, and 942 age-matched controls from King County, Washington. A significant 21% reduction in the risk of prostate cancer was observed among current users of aspirin compared with nonusers (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65, 0.96). Long-term use of aspirin (>5 years: odds ratio = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.61, 0.96) and daily use of low-dose aspirin (odds ratio = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.56, 0.90) were also associated with decreased risk. There was no evidence that the association with aspirin use varied by disease aggressiveness, but there was effect modification (P(interaction) = 0.02) with a genetic variant in prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2) (rs12042763). Prostate cancer risk was not related to use of either nonaspirin NSAIDs or acetaminophen. These results contribute further evidence that aspirin may have chemopreventive activity against prostate cancer and highlight the need for additional research.
authors.affiliation: Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. jstanfor@fhcrc.org
authors.forename: Claudia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Salinas
authors.forename: Erika M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Liesel M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: FitzGerald
authors.forename: Ziding
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Elaine A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Ostrander
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Janet L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stanford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D001241:Aspirin