title: The potential of microelectrode arrays and microelectronics for biomedical research and diagnostics.
abstract: Planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are devices that can be used in biomedical and basic in vitro research to provide extracellular electrophysiological information about biological systems at high spatial and temporal resolution. Complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) is a technology with which MEAs can be produced on a microscale featuring high spatial resolution and excellent signal-to-noise characteristics. CMOS MEAs are specialized for the analysis of complete electrogenic cellular networks at the cellular or subcellular level in dissociated cultures, organotypic cultures, and acute tissue slices; they can also function as biosensors to detect biochemical events. Models of disease or the response of cellular networks to pharmacological compounds can be studied in vitro, allowing one to investigate pathologies, such as cardiac arrhythmias, memory impairment due to Alzheimer's disease, or vision impairment caused by ganglion cell degeneration in the retina.
authors.affiliation: Department Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich, Basel, Switzerland. ian.jones@bsse.ethz.ch
authors.forename: Ian L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Livi
authors.forename: Marta K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lewandowska
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiscella
authors.forename: Branka
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roscic
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hierlemann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D004347:Drug Interactions; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000639:trends; D055724:Electrophysiological Phenomena; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D008839:Microelectrodes; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000502:physiology; D012666:Semiconductors / Q000295:instrumentation*