title: Impact of culture on commitment, satisfaction, and extra-role behaviors among Canadian ER physicians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of hospital emergency department culture on the job satisfaction, patient commitment, and extra-role performance of Canadian emergency physicians. The conceptual model related four cultural archetypes from the competing valued model to the three outcome variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 428 Canadian emergency physicians responded to a national survey. The conceptual model was tested via structural equation modeling via LISREL 8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Culture had a relatively weak impact on the outcomes. Human resources culture related positively to job satisfaction while bureaucratic culture related positively to patient commitment. Patient commitment, but not job satisfaction strongly and positively related to extra-role behavior. A direct relationship between entrepreneurial culture and extra-role behavior emerged from an extended analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Organizational culture seems to have more distal relationships with outcome variables and its influence is likely to be mediated by more proximal workplace variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of value by showing that a key modern leadership challenge is to create the kind of work culture that can become a source of competitive advantage through generating particular organizational outcomes valued by stakeholders.
authors.affiliation: Management and Marketing Department, Culverhouse College of Commerce and Business Administration, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA. ewilliam@cba.ua.edu
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: K V
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rondeau
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Francescutti
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D015279:Organizational Culture; D010820:Physicians; D024382:Professional Role