title: Nonpreserved amniotic membrane transplantation for bilateral toxic keratopathy caused by topical anesthetic abuse: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Corneal damage associated with abuse of topical anesthetics is a rare clinic entity. Topical anesthetic abuse is one of the causes of ring keratitis. Ring keratitis is easily overlooked because it can mimic acanthamoeba keratitis or other infectious keratitis. The outcome is often poor, leading to persistent epithelial defects, corneal scarring, and perforations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of a 65-year-old Caucasian man, who worked as a health care worker, with bilateral toxic keratopathy caused by topical anesthetic abuse. Nonpreserved amniotic membrane transplantation was performed for both eyes of the patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to identify and treat patients who abuse topical anesthetics before permanent vision loss ensues. Nonpreserved amniotic membrane transplantation may be useful in relieving pain and improving corneal surface in anesthetic agent abusers.
authors.affiliation: Eye Clinic I, Ulucanlar Eye Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. ayse_altinok@yahoo.com.tr.
authors.forename: Ayse Asyali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Altinok
authors.forename: Melike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balikoglu
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Kurtulus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Serdar