title: Ridge bone maintenance in human after extraction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate, clinically and histologically, the tissues formed in human alveolar sockets filled with bovine morphogenetic protein/bovine organic matrix (BOM) and absorbable membrane (AM) immediately after extraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-six human alveolar sockets, exhibiting buccal bone defects were selected for this study. Group 1 received no biomaterial to serve as control. Sockets from group 2 were filled with bovine bone morphogenetic protein (bBMP) associated with bOM. The association of bBMP/bOM/AM filled the alveolar defects from group 3. AM was placed over the defects from group 4. Clinical evaluation analyzed ridge width before biomaterial filling and 4 months after filling. Fifteen specimens were collected from groups 2, 3, and 4 for histologic analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical results showed no significant augmentation on the control group (-0.16 +/- 0.28 mm). All test sites, groups 2, 3, and 4, showed relevant ridge width augmentation (3.0 +/- 0.5 mm, 2.4 +/- 0.3 mm, and 2.9 +/- 0.6 mm, respectively) and no resorption. Histologically, all experimental alveolar sockets showed active bone formation with osteoid, osteoblasts, and cell differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of this study, we concluded that bBMP/bOM with or without AM could preserve the ridge showing viable bone formation for future implant placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Master Course in Dentistry, Veiga de Almeida University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. priscilalcasado@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Priscila Ladeira
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: Maria Eugênia Leite
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Waldimir
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Licinio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Esmeraldo da Silva
authors.forename: Eliane Porto
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Barboza
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000473:pathology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D014081:Tooth Extraction; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial