Comparison of ondansetron and metoclopramide antiemetic prophylaxis in maxillofacial surgery patients.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of ondansetron and metoclopramide, administered for the prophylaxis of vomiting in patients undergoing oral and maxillofacial surgery under general anesthesia.


METHODS
One hundred patients undergoing mandibular osteotomy surgery were studied. Patients were allocated randomly to receive 1 of 2 treatment regimens: 0.15 mg/kg ondansetron or 0.5 mg/kg metoclopramide intravenously 30 minutes before extubation. All were adults and were treated by one surgeon and all operations were the same and lasted 2.5 to 3.0 hours. The patients were assessed at 3 time periods: 0 to 3 hours, 3 to 12 hours, and 12 to 24 hours postoperatively for emesis.


RESULTS
The data from this study showed that during the first 24-hour postoperative period, patients receiving ondansetron following general anesthesia had an 11% (11 patients) incidence of emesis compared with 28% (22 patients) in the group that received metoclopramide.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study, ondansetron (0.1 mg/kg) was twice as effective in preventing postoperative vomiting compared with metoclopramide.
Talesh
Koroush Taheri
KT
Tabriz Medical Sciences University (TMSU), Tabriz, Iran.
Motamedi
Mohammad Hosein Kalantar
MH
Kahnamouii
Shiva
S
D000328:Adult; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010027:Osteotomy; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control; D011292:Premedication; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000932:Antiemetics; D017294:Ondansetron; D008787:Metoclopramide