title: Crystallographic structure of porcine adenovirus type 4 fiber head and galectin domains.
abstract: Adenovirus isolate NADC-1, a strain of porcine adenovirus type 4, has a fiber containing an N-terminal virus attachment region, shaft and head domains, and a C-terminal galectin domain connected to the head by an RGD-containing sequence. The crystal structure of the head domain is similar to previously solved adenovirus fiber head domains, but specific residues for binding the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR), CD46, or sialic acid are not conserved. The structure of the galectin domain reveals an interaction interface between its two carbohydrate recognition domains, locating both sugar binding sites face to face. Sequence evidence suggests other tandem-repeat galectins have the same arrangement. We show that the galectin domain binds carbohydrates containing lactose and N-acetyl-lactosamine units, and we present structures of the galectin domain with lactose, N-acetyl-lactosamine, 3-aminopropyl-lacto-N-neotetraose, and 2-aminoethyl-tri(N-acetyl-lactosamine), confirming the domain as a bona fide galectin domain.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guardado-Calvo
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Antonio L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Llamas-Saiz
authors.forename: Gavin C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Curiel
authors.forename: Joel N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Glasgow
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van Raaij
mesh_terms: D025662:Adenoviruses, Porcine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D037161:Galectins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D055672:Static Electricity; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D013552:Swine; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D037161:Galectins; D008024:Ligands; D009844:Oligosaccharides; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus