title: Multimodality treatment of pancreatic cancer with liver metastases using chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or Chinese herbal medicine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the utility of multidisciplinary approaches in the treatment of patients with pancreatic cancer with liver metastases (PCLM).
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2002 to 2007, a total of 164 consecutive patients with PCLM treated with chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and/or Chinese herbal medicine were included in this study. Clinical parameters, treatments received, and survival time from initial diagnosis were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 164 patients, 113 (69%) were men and 51 (31%) were women, with median age of 58 years. One hundred thirty-two patients (80%) had synchronous liver metastases, and 57 patients (35%) had extrahepatic metastases. Overall median survival time of the 164 patients was 4.7 months; 23 (14%) were alive at least 12 months after initial diagnosis of liver metastases. Karnofsky performance status of less than 80, weight loss (>10% within 6 months), ascites, and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 of 1000 U/mL or greater were the most relevant predictors of poor survival. Multivariate analysis showed that chemotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine were protective factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multimodality treatment is well tolerated by patients with PCLM and may be effective in prolonging their survival. Awareness of the implications of these prognostic factors may assist in evaluating the survival potential of patients and selecting the most appropriate treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Oncology, Cancer Hospital, and Department of Biostatistics and Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Huaqiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhiqiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Er'xin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: David Z
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Zhongxing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Luming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal