title: Comparison of morphology, orientation, and migration of tendon derived fibroblasts and bone marrow stromal cells on electrochemically aligned collagen constructs.
abstract: There are approximately 33 million injuries involving musculoskeletal tissues (including tendons and ligaments) every year in the United States. In certain cases the tendons and ligaments are damaged irreversibly and require replacements that possess the natural functional properties of these tissues. As a biomaterial, collagen has been a key ingredient in tissue engineering scaffolds. The application range of collagen in tissue engineering would be greatly broadened if the assembly process could be better controlled to facilitate the synthesis of dense, oriented tissue-like constructs. An electrochemical method has recently been developed in our laboratory to form highly oriented and densely packed collagen bundles with mechanical strength approaching that of tendons. However, there is limited information whether this electrochemically aligned collagen bundle (ELAC) presents advantages over randomly oriented bundles in terms of cell response. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the biocompatibility of the collagen bundles in vitro, and compare tendon-derived fibroblasts (TDFs) and bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) in terms of their ability to populate and migrate on the single and braided ELAC bundles. The results indicated that the ELAC was not cytotoxic; both cell types were able to populate and migrate on the ELAC bundles more efficiently than that observed for random collagen bundles. The braided ELAC constructs were efficiently populated by both TDFs and MSCs in vitro. Therefore, both TDFs and MSCs can be used with the ELAC bundles for tissue engineering purposes.
authors.affiliation: Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2032, USA.
authors.forename: Umut Atakan
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Gurkan
authors.forename: Xingguo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Vipuil
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kishore
authors.forename: Jorge Alfredo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Uquillas
authors.forename: Ozan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akkus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects*; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013710:Tendons / Q000166:cytology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003094:Collagen; D017364:Collagenases