title: Segregation of myoblast fusion and muscle-specific gene expression by distinct ligand-dependent inactivation of GSK-3β.
abstract: Myogenic differentiation involves myoblast fusion and induction of muscle-specific gene expression, which are both stimulated by pharmacological (LiCl), genetic, or IGF-I-mediated GSK-3β inactivation. To assess whether stimulation of myogenic differentiation is common to ligand-mediated GSK-3β inactivation, myoblast fusion and muscle-specific gene expression were investigated in response to Wnt-3a. Moreover, crosstalk between IGF-I/GSK-3β/NFATc3 and Wnt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling was assessed. While both Wnt-3a and LiCl promoted myoblast fusion, muscle-specific gene expression was increased by LiCl, but not by Wnt-3a or β-catenin over-expression. Furthermore, LiCl and IGF-I, but not Wnt-3a, increased NFATc3 transcriptional activity. In contrast, β-catenin-dependent transcriptional activity was increased by Wnt-3a and LiCl, but not IGF-I. These results for the first time reveal a segregated regulation of myoblast fusion and muscle-specific gene expression following stimulation of myogenic differentiation in response to distinct ligand-specific signaling routes of GSK-3β inactivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, NUTRIM School for Nutrition, Toxicology and Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Centre, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: N A M
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Pansters
authors.forename: J L J
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: van der Velden
authors.forename: M C J M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kelders
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Laeremans
authors.forename: A M W J
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schols
authors.forename: R C J
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Langen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009132:Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D055550:Protein Stability / Q000187:drug effects; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D060509:Wnt3A Protein; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051153:Wnt Proteins; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D060509:Wnt3A Protein; C555511:Wnt3a protein, mouse; D051176:beta Catenin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D018021:Lithium Chloride