title: Brief reports: a clinical evaluation of block characteristics using one milliliter 2% lidocaine in ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block.
abstract: We report onset and duration of ultrasound-guided axillary brachial plexus block using 1 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine per nerve (total local anesthetic volume 4 mL). Block performance time, block onset time, duration of surgery, and block duration were measured. Seventeen consecutive patients were recruited. The mean (SD) block performance and onset times were 271 (67.9) seconds and 9.7 (3.7) minutes, respectively. Block duration was 160.8 (30.7) minutes. All operations were performed using regional anesthesia alone. The duration of anesthesia obtained is sufficient for most ambulatory hand surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Cork University Hospital, Wilton Rd., Cork, Ireland. briodnl@gmail.co
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riordan
authors.forename: Ishtiaq
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iohom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001365:Axilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D015742:Propofol; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000601:surgery; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol; D004837:Epinephrine