title: Effect of Tianhuang Granule on intracranial pressure and serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 in patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect and mechanism of Tianhuang Granule (, THG) on: hydrocephalus in the patients with acute cerebral hemorrhage (ACH) through intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring, serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) level observation, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scoring (for nerve function de ficit).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients with ACH were equally randomized: into two groups by lottery, the control group and the THG group; all were treated with conventional therapy, but to the patients in the THG group, THG was given orally in addition for 28 days. Changes of ICP, MMP-9 expression, and NIHSS scores, as well as the degree of cerebral hematoma and hydrocephalus (by cranial CT scanning) in the patients, were estimated and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) ICP was lowered more significantly in the: THG group, showing a significant difference between groups on day 7 (P<0.05). (2) MMP-9 expression was down-regulated in the THG group more significantly and earlier than that in the control group. (3) The degrees of cerebral hematoma and hydrocephalus in the THG group on day 7 were reduced significantly as compared with those on day 3 (P<0.05), but in the control group, the day of significant reduction was delayed to day 14, and the degrees on day 7 and day 14 in the two groups were significantly different (P<0.05 and P<0.01). (4) NIHSS score was significantly lower in the THG group than that in the control group on day 14 and day 28 (P<0.05 and P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  THG can effectively lower ICP, down-regulate MMP-9 expression, promote the absorption: of cerebral hematoma and hydrocephalus, and improve the nerve function, showing a clinical effectiveness than conventional therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Chinese and Western Medicine, the Forth Central Hospital of Tianjin City, Tianjin 300140, China. liaohui_z@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhan-zeng
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jia-yue
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008517:Phytotherapy
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C553676:tianhuang; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9