title: The inflammation-based Glasgow Prognostic Score predicts survival in patients with cervical cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Glasgow Prognostic Score (GPS) is known to reflect the degree of tumor-associated cachexia and inflammation and is associated with survival in various malignancies. We investigated the value of the GPS in patients with cervical cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 244 consecutive patients with cervical cancer in our study. The pretherapeutic GPS was calculated as follows: patients with elevated C-reactive protein serum levels (>10 mg/L) and hypoalbuminemia (<35 g/L) were allocated a score of 2, and patients with 1 or no abnormal value were allocated a score of 1 or 0, respectively. The association between GPS and survival was evaluated by univariate log-rank tests and multivariate Cox regression models. The GPS was correlated with clinicopathologic parameters as shown by performing chi2 tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analyses, GPS (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), and lymph node involvement (P < 0.001, P < 0.001), but not patients' age (P = 0.2, P = 0.07), histological grade (P = 0.08, P = 0.1), and histological type (P = 0.8, P = 0.9), were associated with disease-free and overall survival, respectively. In a multivariate analysis GPS (P = 0.03, P = 0.04), FIGO stage (P = 0.006, P = 0.006), and lymph node involvement (P = 0.003, P = 0.002), but not patients' age (P = 0.5, P = 0.5), histological grade (P = 0.7, P = 0.6), and histological type (P = 0.4, P = 0.6) were associated with disease-free and overall survival, respectively. The GPS was associated with FIGO stage (P < 0.001) and histological grade (P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GPS can be used as an inflammation-based predictor for survival in patients with cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. stephan.polterauer@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polterauer
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Seebacher
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rahhal
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tempfer
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reinthaller
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hefler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002100:Cachexia / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D034141:Hypoalbuminemia / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012709:Serum Albumin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein