Nanoscale enzyme reactors in mesoporous carbon for improved performance and lifetime of biosensors and biofuel cells.
Nanoscale enzyme reactors (NERs) of glucose oxidase in conductive mesoporous carbons were prepared in a two-step process of enzyme adsorption and follow-up enzyme crosslinking. MSU-F-C, a mesoprous carbon, has a bottleneck pore structure with mesocellular pores of 26 nm connected with window mesopores of 17 nm. This structure enables the ship-in-a-bottle mechanism of NERs, which effectively prevents the crosslinked enzymes in mesocellular pores from leaching through the smaller window mesopores. This NER approach not only stabilized the enzyme but also expedited electron transfer between the enzyme and the conductive MSU-F-C by maintaining a short distance between them. In a comparative study with GOx that was simply adsorbed without crosslinking, the NER approach was proven to be effective in improving the sensitivity of glucose biosensors and the power density of biofuel cells. The power density of biofuel cells could be further improved by manipulating several factors, such as by adding a mediator, changing the order of adsorption and crosslinking, and inserting a gold mesh as an electron collector.
Kwon
Ki Young
KY
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejon 305-701, South Korea.
Youn
Jongkyu
J
Kim
Jae Hyun
JH
Park
Yongjin
Y
Jeon
Chulmin
C
Kim
Byoung Chan
BC
Kwon
Yongchai
Y
Zhao
Xueyan
X
Wang
Ping
P
Sang
Byoung In
BI
Lee
Jinwoo
J
Park
Hyun Gyu
HG
Chang
Ho Nam
HN
Hyeon
Taeghwan
T
Ha
Su
S
Jung
Hee-Tae
HT
Kim
Jungbae
J
D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D019149:Bioreactors; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016062:Porosity
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D002244:Carbon; D005949:Glucose Oxidase