title: Repairing large radial nerve defects by acellular nerve allografts seeded with autologous bone marrow stromal cells in a monkey model.
abstract: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential of tissue-engineered nerve grafts created from acellular allogenic nerve tissues combined with autologous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) for repairing large peripheral nerve lesions. In a rhesus monkey model, a 2.5-cm-long gap was created in the radial nerve, followed by implantation of either autografts or acellular allografts seeded with autologous BMSCs, Schwann cells (SCs), or no cells. Five months after surgery nerve regeneration was assessed functionally, electrophysiologically, and histomorphometrically. Compared to non-cell-laden allografts, BMSC-laden allografts remarkably facilitated the recovery of the grasping functions of the animals. This functional improvement was coupled with increased nerve conduction velocities and peak amplitudes of compound motor action potentials, and greater axon growth, as well as higher target muscle weight. Moreover, the intensities of nerve regeneration in the BMSC-laden group were comparable to those achieved with SC-laden allografts and autografts. Our data highlight the potential of BMSC-seed allografts for the repair of long peripheral nerve lesions, and reveal comparable regeneration intensities achieved by BMSC-, and SC-laden allografts, as well as autografts. Given their wide availability, BMSCs may represent a promising cell source for tissue-engineered nerve grafts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic and Microsurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jia-Kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hong-Gang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing-Tang
authors.initials: QT
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jian-Hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Ting-Fei
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Xi
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D004594:Electrophysiology; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008297:Male; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D011826:Radial Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous