The effects of acarbose treatment on intimal hyperplasia in a rat carotid endarterectomy model of diet-induced insulin resistance.
BACKGROUND
Increased carotid restenosis due to revascularization therapy is associated with insulin resistance. We hypothesize that glucose control using acarbose may attenuate intimal hyperplasia in rat carotid endarterectomy model of diet-induced insulin resistance.


METHODS
Rats were fed low-fat complex carbohydrate (control) or high-fat sucrose (insulin resistance) for 4 months. Three days preoperatively, some high-fat-sucrose rats were on acarbose, remainder of the rats received placebo. Rat carotids were assessed with duplex pre-and postoperatively. Acarbose and placebo continued for 2 weeks. Glucose, insulin, blood flow velocities and intimal hyperplasia were determined.


RESULTS
High-fat sucrose plus acarbose attenuated intimal hyperplasia. Post-drug high-fat sucrose glucose decreased. Blood flow velocities postoperatively elevated above baseline. High-fat sucrose increased blood flow velocities postoperatively, which was attenuated with acarbose.


CONCLUSIONS
Glucose control by acarbose in rat carotid endarterectomy model of diet-induced insulin resistance resulted in attenuation of intimal hyperplasia.
Nyalala
John O
JO
Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.
Luo
Shaoke
S
Campbell
Danielle N
DN
Brown
Aliza T
AT
Moursi
Mohammed M
MM
D020909:Acarbose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013997:Time Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed
D001786:Blood Glucose; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D020909:Acarbose