title: Effects of high-intensity curing lights on microleakage under orthodontic bands.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective was to compare the effects of 3 light-curing units (LCUs) (quartz-tungsten-halogen [QTH], light-emitting diode [LED], and plasma-arc curing [PAC]) on the microleakage patterns of a polyacid-modified composite (PAMC) for band cementation between the cement-enamel and the cement-band interfaces from the buccal, lingual, occlusal, and gingival margins.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty freshly extracted third molars were randomly divided into 3 groups of 20 teeth each. Microetched molar bands were cemented in all groups with the PAMC (Ultra Band-Lok, Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Ill) and cured for 30 seconds with the QTH (Hilux 350, Express Dental Products, Toronto, Ontario, Canada), for 20 seconds with the LED (Elipar Freelight 2, 3M Espe, Seefeld, Germany), or for 6 seconds with the PAC (Power-Pac, American Medical Technologies, Hannover, Germany). A dye penetration method was used for microleakage evaluation. Microleakage was determined with a stereomicroscope for the cement-band and cement-enamel interfaces from the buccal and lingual sides at the occlusal and gingival margins. Statistical analyses were performed with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. The level of significance was set at P <0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gingival sides in the LED and PAC groups had higher microleakage scores compared with those observed on the occlusal sides at both the cement-band and cement-enamel interfaces. The buccal sides had similar microleakage values compared with those on the lingual sides for the cement-enamel and cement-band interfaces in all LCU types. Statistical comparisons showed that there were statistically significant differences among the investigated LCUs at the cement-enamel interface (P <0.05). Post hoc comparisons showed statistically significant microleakage differences between the PAC (median, 0.950 mm), the QTH (median, 0.383 mm) (P <0.01), and the PAC and the LED (median, 0.558 mm) (P <0.05) LCUs at the cement-enamel interfaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high-intensity curing device PAC is associated with more microleakage than the LED and QTH at the cement-enamel interface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey. tancanuysal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tancan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Sabri Ilhan
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Ramoglu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ulker
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ertas
mesh_terms: D020770:Compomers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D055115:Light-Curing of Dental Adhesives / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D020770:Compomers; D019279:Resin Cements