title: Early versus late MRI in asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this feasibility study were to assess: (1) the potential utility of early brain MRI in asphyxiated newborns treated with hypothermia; (2) whether early MRI predicts later brain injury observed in these newborns after hypothermia has been completed; and (3) whether early MRI indicators of brain injury in these newborns represent reversible changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  All consecutive asphyxiated term newborns meeting the criteria for therapeutic hypothermia were enrolled prospectively. Each newborn underwent one or two early MRI scans while receiving hypothermia, on day of life (DOL) 1 and DOL 2-3 and also one or two late MRI scans on DOL 8-13 and at 1 month of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  37 MRI scans were obtained in 12 asphyxiated neonates treated with induced hypothermia. Four newborns developed MRI evidence of brain injury, already visible on early MRI scans. The remaining eight newborns did not develop significant MRI evidence of brain injury on any of the MRI scans. In addition, two patients displayed unexpected findings on early MRIs, leading to early termination of hypothermia treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRI scans obtained on DOL 2-3 during hypothermia seem to predict later brain injuries in asphyxiated newborns. Brain injuries identified during this early time appear to represent irreversible changes. Early MRI scans might also be useful to demonstrate unexpected findings not related to hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy, which could potentially be exacerbated by induced hypothermia. Additional studies with larger numbers of patients will be useful to confirm these results.
authors.affiliation: Division of Newborn Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA. pia.wintermark@bluemail.ch
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wintermark
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soul
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Labrecque
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Simon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Warfield
mesh_terms: D001238:Asphyxia Neonatorum / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D001724:Birth Weight; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome