title: Advantages of video questionnaire in estimating asthma prevalence and risk factors for school children: findings from an asthma survey in American Indian youth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of the present study were to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of asthma among a sample of American Indian youth and to evaluate survey instruments used in determining asthma prevalence and risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and fifty-two adolescents aged 9 to 21 years enrolled in an Indian boarding school completed an asthma screening. The survey instruments were a written questionnaire and a video-illustrated questionnaire prepared from the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), school health records, and a health questionnaire. Participants also underwent spirometry testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of self-reported asthma varied from 12.7% to 13.4% depending upon the instrument used and the questions asked. A history of hay fever, respiratory infections, and family history of asthma were found to be risk factors for asthma by all instruments. Female gender and living on a reservation were significantly associated with asthma by some, but not all, instruments. Airway obstruction was highly associated with one asthma symptom (wheeze) shown in the video questionnaire. Associations for most risk factors with asthma were strongest for the video questionnaire.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of self-reported asthma among these American Indian youth was similar to rates reported for other ethnic groups. The video-based questionnaire may be the most sensitive tool for identifying individuals at risk for asthma.
authors.affiliation: Center for American Indian Health Research, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, College of Public Health, 801 N.E. 13th Street, Oklahoma City, OK 73190, U.S.A. fyeh@ouhsc.edu
authors.forename: Fawn
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Everett R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Rhoades
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarpay
authors.forename: June E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Eichner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult