title: Subcutaneous emphysema in a case of infective sinusitis: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subcutaneous emphysema with pneumomediastinum is a rare phenomenon with a high morbidity and may occur spontaneously.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 30-year-old Caucasian man presented with sudden onset of a painful, swollen neck and was found, via clinical and radiological examination to have subcutaneous emphysema. A swallow study showed no oesophageal perforation. Computed tomography of his neck and thorax demonstrated pneumomediastinum but no other pathology. Management was conservative with intravenous antibiotics, fluids and no oral intake. He had a history of a productive cough and a flexible nasoendoscopy found purulent sinusitis which was treated with topical nasal washes. The patient was discharged after 72 hours and will be followed up by the otolaryngology-head and neck service.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infective sinusitis is a rare cause of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. It may be managed conservatively provided there is early recognition and exclusion of more serious pathology, such as a ruptured trachea or oesophagus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chelsea & Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, 369 Fulham Road, London, SW10 9NH, UK. rzakaria@nhs.net.
authors.forename: Rasheed
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: Haris
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khwaja