[GADA persistence and detectable C peptide in patients with long standing diabetes mellitus type 1].
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate if GADA+ and detectable CP had any influence in other autoimmune diseases, glycemic control, and risks of retinopathy in diabetes mellitus type 1 (T1DM) lasting longer than 3 years of duration.


METHODS
Fifty T1DM subjects were interviewed, performed fundoscopic examination, and measured CP before and after glucagon, HbA1C, and GADA.


RESULTS
GADA+ (n = 17) had a higher frequency of other autoimmune diseases when compared to GADA (p = 0.02). Detectable CP was also associated with a higher prevalence of these diseases (p = 0.03), although, retinopathy was not influenced by either one. Detectable CP had no influence in the glycemic control (mean HbA1C) (p = 0.28). However, insulin daily doses were lower in this group (0.62 vs. 0.91 U/kg/day; p = 0.004).


CONCLUSIONS
Although not recommend as a marker of other autoimmune diseases, GADA+ seems to be not only a pancreatic autoimmunity signal. Detectable CP may also have some promising influence in detecting these diseases. Neither influenced the presence of retinopathy, but insulin daily requirements were smaller when CP was present.
Serfaty
Fabiano Marcel
FM
Instituto Estadual de Diabetes e Endocrinologia Luiz Capriglione, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. fmserfaty@hotmail.com
Dantas
Joana R
JR
Almeida
Mirella H
MH
Duarte
Juliana Domingues G
JD
Kupfer
Rosane
R
Campos
Felipe
F
Zajdenverg
Lenita
L
Milech
Adolpho
A
Rodacki
Melanie
M
Oliveira
José Egídio Paulo de
JE
D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000097:blood*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male
D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D002096:C-Peptide; D005934:Glucagon; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human