title: Demonstration of intraluminal thrombus in the carotid artery by optical coherence tomography: technical case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intraluminal thrombus in the carotid artery is often misdiagnosed because clinical imaging, such as angiography and duplex ultrasonography, fails to accurately identify it. Recently, it was reported that optical coherence tomography (OCT), a new imaging modality, can visualize intravascular thrombus in the coronary artery.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 83-year old male was admitted due to newly developed motor weakness of the left hand. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging showed multiple high intensity spots in the territory of the right middle cerebral artery, and magnetic resonance angiography revealed significant stenosis at the origin of the right internal carotid artery. Because of an apparent change in plaque shape on the angiogram just before carotid artery stenting, further examinations such as intravascular ultrasonography (IVUS) and OCT were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After IVUS examination, both the common carotid and external carotid arteries were occluded by an occlusion balloon system prepared for carotid artery stenting. Then the stenotic site was imaged by OCT from the distal section at 1 mm/sec using a built-in pull-back system with continuous injection of saline through the guiding catheter to remove blood from the field of view. Since intraluminal thrombus was clearly demonstrated by an OCT, carotid endarterectomy was performed instead of stenting, and thrombus was confirmed by surgical specimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OCT may provide useful information for diagnosis of an intraluminal thrombus in the carotid artery, which is important for the appropriate selection of therapeutic strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan. shinichiyoshimura@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Arihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishigaki
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minatoguchi
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwama
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D057785:Catheters; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors