title: Scedosporium apiospermum infection presenting as a pneumothorax and cavitary lung lesions in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
abstract: The Scedosporium genus consists of filamentous fungi that inhabit soil, sewage, manure, and polluted waters, and contains two medically important species: Scedosporium apiospermum and Scedosporium prolificans. Scedosporiosis is caused by inhalation or traumatic subcutaneous implantation of the organism, and may have varied clinical presentations. A variety of pulmonary manifestations can occur, but to our knowledge, pneumothorax as initial presentation has not been reported. Treatment may be difficult, as the disease occurs more commonly in immunocompromised patients, and the organism may demonstrate resistance to various antifungal agents. We describe successful treatment of extensive pulmonary disease due to S apiospermum in a patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA. sam7301@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Shirin A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mazumder
authors.forename: Kerry O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Cleveland
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norwood
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology*; D008271:Mycetoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011030:Pneumothorax / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D021681:Scedosporium; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D017964:Itraconazole; D065819:Voriconazole