title: Relationship of age to body weight, scrotal circumference, testicular ultrasonograms, and semen quality in Sahiwal bulls.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship of age to body weight (BW), scrotal circumference (SC), number of pixels of testicular ultrasonograms (NP), and semen quality in Sahiwal bulls. The study was based on 128 Sahiwal bulls of different age groups (from 0 to >100 months of age). Bulls were evaluated for SC, BW, and NP. Semen was evaluated once a week for five consecutive weeks from regularly collected donor bulls (n = 86) ranging in age from 25-30 to >100 months. Ejaculate volume, sperm motility, sperm concentration, sperm morphology, percent live sperms, sperm plasma membrane integrity, and normal acrosome were compared among different age groups. Mean SC and BW increased (P < 0.05) in a curvilinear manner from birth to >100 months of age. Mean NP of testicular ultrasonograms increased (P < 0.05) from 0 to 24 months and then plateaued until >100 months of age. Body weight, SC, and NP were positively correlated with age from birth until >100 months (r = 0.91, 0.87, and 0.40, respectively). Ejaculate volume (5.7 ± 0.2 vs. 4.6 ± 0.09 ml) and sperm concentration (1,281.6 ± 17.7 vs. 1,115.8 ± 55.9 × 10(6)/ml) increased (P < 0.05) in mature bulls compared to younger ones. However, motility (68.6 ± 0.3%), plasma membrane integrity (50.8 ± 1.0%), and normal acrosome (74.8 ± 0.5%) remained insignificant due to age. In six of eight age groups studied, morphological abnormalities were well within the range (18.1 ± 0.3%). In conclusion, the BW, SC, and NP of testicular ultrasonograms, ejaculate volume, and concentration increased with age. Moreover, semen quality is fairly independent of age except volume and concentration in Sahiwal bulls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Theriogenology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ejaz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Nasim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Zahid
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Naseer
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aleem
authors.forename: Muhammad Sarwar
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashiq
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Younis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010154:Pakistan; D012611:Scrotum / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D055101:Semen Analysis; D013737:Testis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography