title: Evaluation of a school-based program for diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in immigrant children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a 10-year school-based latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening program, targeting immigrant children in Montreal, Canada, and to identify predictive factors for refusal and, poor adherence to treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immigrant children were screened for LTBI with Tuberculin Skin Test (TST). Isoniazid was, given when LTBI was diagnosed. Predictors of LTBI, of refusal of follow-up and treatment and of poor, adherence to isoniazid were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four thousand three hundred and seventy-five children were offered screening, 82.3% consented to TST and 22.8% were positive. An, older age at migration (odds ratio (OR)=1 [95% CI: 1.0-1.01]), as well as migration from a none, established market economy country (OR varying from 2.41 to 4.23) were significantly associated with, positive TST. Among positive children, further evaluation was refused in 5.7%, mainly in migrants from, Eastern Europe (OR=4.05 [95% CI: 2.14-7.69]). Refusal of treatment (11.2%) was more frequent in, Eastern European when compared to South-eastern Asian (OR=6.91 [95% CI: 1.56-30.75]), in, blended families (OR=3.25 [95% CI: 1.25-8.46]) and when the first visit to hospital was delayed (OR=1.01 [95% CI: 1.0-1.02]). Adequate completion of treatment was noted in 61.3%. Age>16 years (OR=1.82 [95% CI: 1.82-2.99]), a delay between TST and first visit>15 days (OR=1.6 [95% CI: 1.12-2.28]), as well as the presence of relative>18 years in the household (OR=1.56 [95% CI: 1.0-2.43]), were associated with poor adherence to treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sociocultural and behavioural factors are involved in acceptance of LTBI treatment in, immigrant children. Adherence to treatment is challenging and requires comperhension of sociocultural beliefs and accessibility to TB clinic.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte Justine - Université de Montréal, 3175 Côte Sainte Catherine, Montréal, QC, Canada H3T 1C5.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Minodier
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lamarre
authors.forename: Marie-Eve
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Carle
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blais
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ovetchkine
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tapiero
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D004641:Emigration and Immigration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012572:School Health Services; D012574:Schools; D014374:Tuberculin Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid