title: Expression of p27, p21(WAF/Cip1), and p16(INK4a) in normal oral epithelium, oral squamous papilloma, and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the immunohistochemical expression of p27, p21(WAF/Cip1) and p16(INK4a) in normal oral epithelium, oral squamous papilloma and oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical staining for p27, p21(WAF/Cip1) and p16(INK4a) was evaluated in 32 samples of normal oral squamous epithelium, 30 samples of oral squamous papilloma, and 34 samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were found in p27 expression when comparing ordinary mucosa and oral squamous papilloma with the oral squamous cell carcinoma samples. Regarding p21(WAF/Cip1) expression, no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were noticed. In the same way, no significant statistically differences (p>0.05) were observed for p16(INK4a) among groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together, these findings indicate that p27 is closely involved in malignant transformation of oral mucosa cells, and may be a reliable biomarker for this purpose.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologida, Universidade Federal de São Paulo - UNIFESP, Av. Ana Costa, 95, Vila Mathias, Santos - SP, 11060-001, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Beatriz
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Focchi
authors.forename: Cristine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dobo
authors.forename: Thiago S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Celina T F
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Oshima
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D010212:Papilloma / Q000378:metabolism*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27