title: Aortic and iliac fixation of seven endografts for abdominal-aortic aneurysm repair in an experimental model using human cadaveric aortas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the proximal and distal (iliac) fixation of seven self-expanding endografts, used in the endovascular treatment (EVAR) of abdominal-aortic aneurysm (AAA), by measuring the displacement force (DF) necessary to dislocate the devices from their fixation sites.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 20 human cadaveric aortas were exposed, left in situ and transected to serve as fixation zones. The Anaconda, EndoFit aorto-uni-iliac, Endurant, Powerlink, Excluder, Talent and Zenith stent grafts were deployed and caudal force was applied at the flow divider, through a force gauge. The DF needed to dislocate each device ≥ 20 mm from the infrarenal neck was recorded before and after moulding-balloon dilatation. Cephalad force was similarly applied to each iliac limb to assess distal fixation before and after moulding-balloon dilatation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endografts with fixation hooks or barbs displayed a significantly higher DF necessary to dislocate the proximal portion compared with devices with no such fixation modalities (p < 0.001). Balloon dilatation produced a significant increase in DF in both devices with (p < 0.001) or without (p = 0.003) hooks or barbs. Suprarenal support did not enhance proximal fixation (p = 0.90). Balloon dilatation significantly increased the DF necessary to dislodge the iliac limbs (p = 0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Devices with fixation hooks displayed higher proximal fixation. Moulding-balloon dilatation increased proximal and distal fixation. Suprarenal support did not affect proximal fixation.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Surgery, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Melas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saratzis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saratzis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lazaridis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Psaroulis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trygonis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kiskinis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002102:Cadaver; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015607:Stents; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation