title: Stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth--isolation, long term cultivation and phenotypical analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aims were to isolate stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), to cultivate them in vitro and to investigate their basic biological properties, phenotype and to compare our findings with dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) isolated from permanent teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dental pulp was gently evacuated from exfoliated teeth. After enzymatic dissociation of dental pulp, SHED were cultivated in modified cultivation media for mesenchymal adult progenitor cells containing 2% FCS and supplemented with growth factors and insulin, transferrin, sodium (ITS) supplement. Cell viability and other biological properties were examined using a Vi-Cell analyzer and a Z2-Counter. DNA analyses and phenotyping were performed with flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We were able to cultivate SHED over 45 population doublings. Our results showed that SHED cultivated under same conditions as DPSC had longer average population doubling time (41.3 hrs for SHED vs. 24.5 hrs for DPSC). Phenotypic comparison of cultivated SHED to that of cultivated DPSC showed differential expression CD29, CD44, CD71, CD117, CD 166. During long-term cultivation, SHED did not showed any signs of degeneration or spontaneous differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We isolated stem cells from exfoliated teeth. In comparison to DPSC, SHED proliferation rate was about 50% slower, and SHED showed slightly different phenotype. These cells may be extremely useful for stem cell tissue banking, further stem cell research and future therapeutic applications.
authors.affiliation: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Dentistry and University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. suchanekj@lfhk.cuni.cz
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suchánek
authors.forename: Benjamín
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Visek
authors.forename: Tomdi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soukup
authors.forename: Sally Kamal
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: El-Din Mohamed
authors.forename: Romana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ivancaková
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mokrỳ
authors.forename: Eman H A
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Aboul-Ezz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Omran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000166:cytology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D014080:Tooth Exfoliation; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD