title: Adaptation of airline crew resource management principles to dentistry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aviation industry uses crew resource management (CRM) to address the human aspect of error. Dentistry can incorporate these concepts to reduce dental error. The authors provide a checklist to help clinicians mitigate error.
  
  
  METHODS
  Health care systems have begun to focus on medical error. During the past 30 years, the airline industry has developed mitigation strategies that are being adapted for medicine. CRM involves the use of information, equipment and people to increase safety by targeting early identification of errors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To enhance safety, practitioners must implement forward-thinking strategies. Because human error is inevitable, threat and error management (TEM) techniques are needed to help identify and trap error before it develops into unexpected outcomes. Risk analysis increases situational awareness (SA) of potential dental error. Efficiency increases with early error detection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors provide a dental checklist that is divided into "appointment review," "before procedure," "procedure," "before dismissal" and "after dismissal" to organize dental activities in a manner that enhances error detection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The dental checklist is a tool to incorporate CRM and TEM techniques into the dental care environment to increase SA, safety and efficiency.
authors.affiliation: hmpinsky@comcast.net
authors.forename: Harold M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Pinsky
authors.forename: Russell S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Taichman
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Sarment
mesh_terms: D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001359:Aviation / Q000458:organization & administration; D001364:Awareness; D057189:Checklist; D003727:Dental Auxiliaries; D003729:Dental Care; D003813:Dentistry / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003815:Dentists; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods*