title: New parameters of diploid histogram of image DNA cytometry and newly characterized types of nucleolar organizer region structures in defining the proliferative-kinetic index in chronic leukemic lymphoproliferative disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce new parameters of diploid histogram of image DNA cytometry and new types of silver-stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) and to validate resulting proliferative-kinetic index (PKI) in a prognostic study of patients with chronic leukemic lymphoproliferative disorders (CLLPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 413 smears of from various tumor mass compartments-bone marrow, peripheral blood and lymph node-were analyzed in CLLPD as a whole, as well as separately in the B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia with variants (B-CLL+V). The analysis of the diploid histogram included percentage of cells at the peak of the DNA histogram and percentage of cells with lower and higher contents of DNA than cells at the peak. The new types of AgNORs were described as homogeneous, inhomogeneous and annular.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The newly introduced parameters of DNA and AgNOR are significant predictors of survival. Based on the most representative AgNOR and DNA characteristics related to survival, the PKI score was calculated. The CLLPD and B-CLL+V patients had a statistically significantly better prognosis when PKI was < 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PKIs have confirmed the hypothesis that different prognostic subgroups could be identified within the homogeneous groups of neoplasms with relatively low malignancy (CLLPD and B-CLL+V).
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Merkur University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. ika.kardum-skelin@zg.t-com.hr
authors.forename: Ika
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kardum-Skelin
authors.forename: Ozren
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jaksic
authors.forename: Slobodanka Ostojic
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kolonic
authors.forename: Radovan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vrhovac
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fabijanic
authors.forename: Biljana
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jelic-Puskaric
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milas
authors.forename: Branimir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jaksic
mesh_terms: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D004171:Diploidy; D006801:Humans; D019044:Image Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C051963:nucleolar organizer region associated proteins