title: Association of bone morphogenetic proteins with spinal fusion in ankylosing spondylitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure serum concentrations of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP) in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), and to investigate the relationship between BMP and clinical manifestations and radiographic changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 60 consecutive AS patients with and 60 patients without spinal fusion. Spinal radiographs were assessed using the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index (BASRI) and the modified Stoke Ankylosing Spondylitis Spinal Score (mSASSS). Spinal fusion was defined as the presence of total bony bridging between 2 adjacent vertebral bodies in either the lumbar or cervical spine. Serum levels of BMP were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with spinal fusion had higher serum levels of BMP-2 and BMP-4 than either the healthy controls or patients without spinal fusion (p < 0.001), but there was no difference between the latter 2 groups. Serum BMP-7, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were elevated in patients with spinal fusion compared with those without (p < 0.05). Serum BMP-4 and BMP-7 levels were higher in patients with hip involvement than in those without (p < 0.05). BMP-2 and BMP-4 levels had a significant correlation with spinal radiograph scores, especially for BASRI of the lumbar spine (r = 0.356 and 0.348, respectively, p < 0.001). CRP showed a significant correlation with spine BASRI and mSASSS scores (r = 0.261 and 0.260, respectively, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rising levels of BMP in AS patients with spinal fusion and the positive correlation between BMP and spinal radiograph scores indicate that BMP may play a role in the process of spinal ankylosis. Serum levels of BMP may reflect radiographic progression of the spine and hip joints.
authors.affiliation: Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hung-An
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chun-Hsiung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yeong-Jang
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Pei-Chih
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei-Sheng
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chin-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chung-Tei
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000097:blood*; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000097:blood*; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D011859:Radiography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7