title: On the losses of dissolved CO(2) during champagne serving.
abstract: Pouring champagne into a glass is far from being consequenceless with regard to its dissolved CO(2) concentration. Measurements of losses of dissolved CO(2) during champagne serving were done from a bottled Champagne wine initially holding 11.4 +/- 0.1 g L(-1) of dissolved CO(2). Measurements were done at three champagne temperatures (i.e., 4, 12, and 18 degrees C) and for two different ways of serving (i.e., a champagne-like and a beer-like way of serving). The beer-like way of serving champagne was found to impact its concentration of dissolved CO(2) significantly less. Moreover, the higher the champagne temperature is, the higher its loss of dissolved CO(2) during the pouring process, which finally constitutes the first analytical proof that low temperatures prolong the drink's chill and helps it to retain its effervescence during the pouring process. The diffusion coefficient of CO(2) molecules in champagne and champagne viscosity (both strongly temperature-dependent) are suspected to be the two main parameters responsible for such differences. Besides, a recently developed dynamic-tracking technique using IR thermography was also used in order to visualize the cloud of gaseous CO(2) which flows down from champagne during the pouring process, thus visually confirming the strong influence of champagne temperature on its loss of dissolved CO(2).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Oenologie et Chimie Appliquée, UPRES EA 2069, URVVC-SE, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Reims, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France. gerard.liger-belair@univ-reims.fr
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liger-Belair
authors.forename: Marielle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourget
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Villaume
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jeandet
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pron
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Polidori
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D004058:Diffusion; D012995:Solubility; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide