title: Programmable diagnostic devices made from paper and tape.
abstract: This paper describes three-dimensional microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (3-D microPADs) that can be programmed (postfabrication) by the user to generate multiple patterns of flow through them. These devices are programmed by pressing single-use 'on' buttons, using a stylus or a ballpoint pen. Pressing a button closes a small space (gap) between two vertically aligned microfluidic channels, and allows fluids to wick from one channel to the other. These devices are simple to fabricate, and are made entirely out of paper and double-sided adhesive tape. Programmable devices expand the capabilities of microPADs and provide a simple method for controlling the movement of fluids in paper-based channels. They are the conceptual equivalent of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) widely used in electronics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
authors.forename: Andres W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Scott T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Chao-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Emanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carrilho
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wiley
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Whitesides
mesh_terms: D004209:Disposable Equipment; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010209:Paper; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic