title: Zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein: a new biomarker of breast cancer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity increases the risk of breast cancer. It is established that adipocyte secretions, i.e. adipokines, may play a role in mammary carcinogenesis. We have shown that two major adipokines, leptin and adiponectin, were expressed in mammary adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here, we evaluated zinc-alpha2-glycoprotein (ZAG) expression in tumor (n=55) and healthy (n=6) breast tissue by immunohistochemistry and examined whether it was correlated with that of major adipokines, usual tumor biomarkers (sex steroids receptors, i.e. estrogen (ER) and progesterone; Ki-67; cErb2), or apoptosis markers (Bcl2 and Bax).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ZAG expression was detected in ductal carcinoma and normal epithelial adjacent tissue but not in normal tissue of healthy women. In cancer tissue, its expression was correlated positively to leptin receptor and negatively to adiponectin receptor and ER.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary results suggest both a relationship between ZAG expression and pathways involving adipokines or estrogen and that ZAG may be a potential breast cancer biomarker.
authors.affiliation: Faculté de Pharmacie, Laboratoire SVFp, 28 place Henri-Dunant, B.P. 38, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France. virginie.dubois@u-clermont1.fr
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dubois
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Delort
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mishellany
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jarde
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Billard
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lequeux
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Damour
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Penault-Llorca
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Vasson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caldefie-Chezet
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020738:Leptin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000090203:Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D020738:Leptin; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C499918:ADIPOQ protein, human; C488891:AZGP1 protein, human; D000090203:Zn-Alpha-2-Glycoprotein; C494826:BAX protein, human