Strain-induced pseudo-magnetic fields greater than 300 tesla in graphene nanobubbles.
Recent theoretical proposals suggest that strain can be used to engineer graphene electronic states through the creation of a pseudo-magnetic field. This effect is unique to graphene because of its massless Dirac fermion-like band structure and particular lattice symmetry (C3v). Here, we present experimental spectroscopic measurements by scanning tunneling microscopy of highly strained nanobubbles that form when graphene is grown on a platinum (111) surface. The nanobubbles exhibit Landau levels that form in the presence of strain-induced pseudo-magnetic fields greater than 300 tesla. This demonstration of enormous pseudo-magnetic fields opens the door to both the study of charge carriers in previously inaccessible high magnetic field regimes and deliberate mechanical control over electronic structure in graphene or so-called "strain engineering."
Levy
N
N
Department of Physics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Burke
S A
SA
Meaker
K L
KL
Panlasigui
M
M
Zettl
A
A
Guinea
F
F
Castro Neto
A H
AH
Crommie
M F
MF