title: Effects of noise and speech intelligibility on listener comprehension and processing time of Korean-accented English.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effects of noise and speech intelligibility on the processing of speech produced from native English; high-intelligibility, Korean-accented English; and moderate-intelligibility, Korean-accented English speakers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both listener comprehension, determined by accuracy judgment on true/false sentences, and processing time, estimated from response latency, were assessed under the following 3 conditions: quiet, +10 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and +5 dB SNR. Fifty-four monolingual, English-speaking adults served as the listeners for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While noise did not affect the time it took to process foreign-accented speech, it decreased the comprehension of the foreign-accented speech more so than the native speech. Decreasing English intelligibility also resulted in reduced listener comprehension. In addition, the processing time needed to comprehend the intended message depended on the intelligibility of the foreign-accented speaker. Listener comprehension negatively correlated with processing time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that decreased speech intelligibility and adverse listening conditions can be major challenges for effective communication between foreign-accented speakers and native listeners. The results also indicate that foreign-accented speech requires more effortful processing relative to native speech under certain conditions, affecting both comprehension and processing efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication Sciences, University of Connecticut, 850 Bolton Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Erin O'Brien
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Tammie J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Spaulding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019303:Multilingualism; D009622:Noise; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D013065:Speech Intelligibility / Q000502:physiology*; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*