title: Confirmation of Bacillus anthracis from flesh-eating flies collected during a West Texas anthrax season.
abstract: This case study confirms the interaction between necrophilic flies and white-tailed deer, Odocoileus virginianus, during an anthrax outbreak in West Texas (summer 2005). Bacillus anthracis was identified by culture and PCR from one of eight pooled fly collections from deer carcasses on a deer ranch with a well-documented history of anthrax. These results provide the first known isolation of B. anthracis from flesh-eating flies associated with a wildlife anthrax outbreak in North America and are discussed in the context of wildlife ecology and anthrax epizootics.
authors.affiliation: Emerging Pathogens Institute and the Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. jkblackburn@ufl.edu
authors.forename: Jason K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Ted L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Hadfield
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: O'Shea
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Martin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hugh-Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000382:microbiology; D000881:Anthrax / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003670:Deer / Q000382:microbiology*; D004175:Diptera / Q000382:microbiology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D012621:Seasons; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology