title: Effect of black-currant extract on negative lens-induced ocular growth in chicks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of orally administered black-currant (BC) extract on the enlargement of globe component dimensions induced in chicks by wearing negative lenses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Negative lenses (-8 D) were worn on the right eyes by 8-day-old chicks, and their fellow eyes acted as controls. BC extract and distilled water (vehicle control) were orally administered once a day for 3 days. To confirm the effect of BC anthocyanins (BCAs), they were intravenously administered once a day for 3 days. Dimensions of globe components of right eyes and fellow eyes were measured with an A-scan ultrasound instrument on the third day (day 4) after placement of the negative lenses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Orally administered BC extract significantly inhibited enlargement of vitreous-chamber depth, axial and ocular lengths in a dose-dependent manner when compared to controls. Intravenously administered BCAs also inhibited elongation of vitreous-chamber depth and axial length when compared to controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first evidence that BC extract and BCAs could inhibit enlargement of globe component dimensions in a negative lens-induced chick myopia model.
authors.affiliation: Food and Health R&D Laboratories, Meiji Seika Kaisha Ltd., Sakado, Japan. hiroyuki_iida@meiji.co.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Shokichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harano
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Katsumi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D058452:Axial Length, Eye / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D002645:Chickens; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D009216:Myopia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D057972:Posterior Eye Segment / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D031965:Ribes; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts