title: High-resolution imaging of resolved central serous chorioretinopathy using adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare pathologic changes in photoreceptors in eyes with resolved central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) seen on high-resolution images obtained by adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AO SLO) with visual acuity (VA) and findings on spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five eyes of 38 patients with resolved CSC and 20 normal eyes of 20 volunteer subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients underwent a full ophthalmologic examination, SD OCT, and imaging with an original prototype AO SLO system fabricated using liquid crystal-on-silicon technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cone mosaic patterns and cone density on AO SLO images and VA in eyes with CSC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal eyes, AO SLO images showed a regular photoreceptor mosaic pattern and average cone densities 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 mm from the central fovea of 67,900, 33,320, and 14,450 cones/mm(2). In eyes with CSC, cone densities were significantly lower at each distance from the central fovea (P = 0.009 at 0.2 mm, P = 0.007 at 0.5 mm, and P = 0.004 at 1.0 mm), and 2 distinct cone mosaic patterns were seen. Group 1 CSC eyes had regular cone mosaic patterns with small dark regions. Group 2 CSC eyes had irregular mosaic patterns with large dark regions. Compared with group 1, group 2 had significantly lower average cone density and worse average logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) VA (P<0.001). Mean cone density in eyes with disruptions in the photoreceptor inner and outer segment (IS/OS) junction or in the intermediate line on SD OCT images was significantly lower than that in eyes with an intact IS/OS junction or intermediate line (P<0.001 for both). Cone density 0.2 mm from the central fovea correlated with logMAR VA and mean foveal thickness (1-mm diameter area) measured on SD OCT images (P<0.001 for both).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adaptive optics SLO images showed abnormal cone mosaic patterns and reduced cone densities in eyes with resolved CSC, and these abnormalities were associated with VA loss, suggesting that AO SLO is a useful means to detect and measure cone abnormalities associated with VA loss in these eyes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan. ohoto@kuhp.kyotou.ac.jp
authors.forename: Sotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ooto
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hangai
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Akitaka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsujikawa
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Nagahisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002452:Cell Count; D056833:Central Serous Chorioretinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green