title: Nutrition assessment: the reproducibility of subjective global assessment in patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The detection of malnutrition in the intensive care unit (ICU) is critical to appropriately address its contribution on outcomes. The primary objective of this investigation was to determine if nutritional status could be reliably classified using subjective global assessment (SGA) in mechanically ventilated (MV) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven patients requiring MV >48 h in a university-affiliated medical ICU were evaluated in this cross-sectional study over a 3-month period. Nutritional status was categorized independently by two registered dietitians using SGA. Frequencies, means (+ s.d.), χ (2) and t-tests were used to describe the population characteristics; agreement between raters was evaluated using the κ statistic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On admission, the average patient was 50.4 (±14.2) years of age, overweight (body mass index: 29.0±9.2kg/m(2)), had an acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score of 24 (±10) and respiratory failure. Fifty percent (n=29) of patients were categorized as malnourished. Agreement between raters was 95% before consensus, reflecting near perfect agreement (κ=0.90) and excellent reliability. Patients categorized as malnourished were more often admitted to the hospital floor before the ICU (n=32; 56%), reported decreased dietary intake (69 vs 46%, P=0.02) and exhibited signs of muscle wasting (45 vs 7%, P<0.001, respectively) and fat loss (52 vs 7%, P<0.001, respectively) on physical exam when compared with normally nourished individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SGA can serve as a reliable nutrition assessment technique for detecting malnutrition in patients requiring MV. Its routine use should be incorporated into future studies and clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. p-sheean@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sheean
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Gurka
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Braunschweig
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D019282:Wasting Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology