title: Kosmotoga arenicorallina sp. nov. a thermophilic and obligately anaerobic heterotroph isolated from a shallow hydrothermal system occurring within a coral reef, southern part of the Yaeyama Archipelago, Japan, reclassification of Thermococcoides shengliensis as Kosmotoga shengliensis comb. nov., and emended description of the genus Kosmotoga.
abstract: A novel thermophilic and sulfur-reducing bacterium, strain S304(T), was isolated from the Taketomi submarine hot spring shallow hydrothermal field located at southern part of the Yaeyama Archipelago, Japan. The cells were non-motile short thick rods or oval cocci 1.1-2.7 μm in length and 1.1-1.9 μm in width. Strain S304(T) was an obligately anaerobic heterotroph and sulfur reduction stimulates growth. Growth was observed between 50-65°C (optimum 60°C), pH 6.2-8.0 (optimum pH 7.1), 1.0-6.0% NaCl concentration (optimum 3.0%). The fatty acid composition was C(16:0) (71.4%), C(18:0) (20.9%) and C(18:1) (7.7%). The G + C content of genomic DNA was 40.8 mol%. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that strain S304(T) belonged to the genus Kosmotoga. Based on physiological and phylogenetic features of a new isolate, we propose new species in the genus Kosmotoga: the type strain of Kosmotoga arenicorallina sp. nov is S304(T) (=JCM 15790(T) = DSM22549(T)). Thermococcoides shengliensis 2SM-2(T) is phylogenetically associated with Kosmotoga olearia 14.5.1(T). Based on the phylogenetic relationship between Thermococcoides shengliensis 2SM-2(T) and Kosmotoga olearia 14.5.1(T), we propose the reclassification of Thermococcoides shengliensis as Kosmotoga shengliensis comb. nov. (type strain 2SM-2(T)). In addition, an emended description of the genus Kosmotoga is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biogeosciences, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science & Technology, Yokosuka, Japan. takuron@jamstec.go.jp
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nunoura
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imachi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.forename: Hisako
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furushima
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takai
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D057894:Coral Reefs; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007564:Japan; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity; D016999:Sulfur-Reducing Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S