title: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum after kidney transplantation: case report.
abstract: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum is a rare condition with nonspecific signs and symptoms. A 39-year-old underwent cadaver kidney transplantation. After an uncomplicated operation, progressive dyspnea of unknown origin developed. Findings at chest radiography suggested pneumomediastinum, which was confirmed at computed tomography. Esophageal or tracheal injury was ruled out. The rapidly developing atelectasis of the left lung necessitated urgent bronchoscopy, which revealed occlusion of the left main bronchus. After removal of the occluding mucus plug, the clinical symptoms immediately improved, and the spontaneous pneumomediastinum resolved within 3 days. Asymptomatic increase in airway secretions in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis may result in mucus plug formation during general anesthesia, which can cause spontaneous pneumomediastinum.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kis
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sutto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tamasi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eszes
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Losonczy
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mathe
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Langer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nemeth
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002102:Cadaver; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome