title: Oral lorazepam prevents seizure during high-dose busulfan in children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a prospective study.
abstract: High-dose Busulfan in combination chemotherapy has been used commonly for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. It crosses the blood-brain barrier and could cause seizure. Benzodiazepines have been used as anticonvulsant prophylaxis. This is a prospective study using oral lorazepam together with busulfan-based conditioning regimen in 30 children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. The dose of lorazepam used ranged from 0.017 to 0.039 mg/kg (median = 0.026 mg/kg) per dose. None of the patients developed seizure while receiving oral lorazepam or within 72 hours of the last dose of Busulfan. Oral lorazepam was tolerated by the patients, but all patients needed dose reduction due to some adverse effects. In the authors' experience, oral lorazepam is a useful anticonvulsant prophylaxis for children receiving high-dose busulfan.
authors.affiliation: Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hamidieh
authors.forename: Ravak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamedani
authors.forename: Molouk
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hadjibabaie
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sadrai
authors.forename: Ardeshir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghavamzadeh
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002066:Busulfan / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005199:Fanconi Anemia / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000628:therapy; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000628:therapy; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010022:Osteopetrosis / Q000628:therapy; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013789:Thalassemia
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002066:Busulfan; D008140:Lorazepam