title: Influence of naloxone and methysergide on the analgesic effects of low-level laser in an experimental pain model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although the mechanism of action of laser phototherapy (LPT) is not known, it is a promising analgesic method. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the action of LPT depends on the activation of peripheral opioid or serotonergic receptors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inflammatory pain was induced through the injection of carrageenin in the left posterior paw of male Wistar rats. The InGaAIP visible laser diode (660 nm) with fluency of 2.5 J*cm(-2) was used. Von Frey filaments were used to analyze mechanical hyperalgesia. Animals were separated into five groups: Carrageenin; Laser (LPT); Non-coherent light; LPT + Naloxone; and LPT + Methysergide.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low-Level Laser phototherapy proved to be an effective analgesic method, while non-coherent light did not show a similar effect. The use of naloxone blocked the analgesic effect of LPT, while methysergide did not affect LPT-induced analgesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to the parameter used in this study, LPT produced analgesia. Analgesia induced by laser phototherapy is mediated by peripheral opioid receptors. Laser phototherapy does not seem to interact with peripheral serotonergic receptors.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), SP. serra88@uol.com.br
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peres e Serra
authors.forename: Hazem A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ashmawi
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008297:Male; D008784:Methysergide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010146:Pain / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D008784:Methysergide