title: Mannose-binding lectin genotype and phenotype in patients with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction: a report from the DIGAMI 2 trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study characterizes mannose-binding lectin (MBL), an activator of the complement system and thereby important for inflammatory activation, in patients with diabetes and myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum (S)-MBL was determined at hospital admission in 387 patients with type 2 diabetes (median age 70 years; 68% male) with myocardial infarction, and genotyping was performed in 287 patients. Cardiovascular events (cardiovascular mortality and nonfatal myocardial infarction or stroke) were recorded during 2.5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median S-MBL was 1,212 μg/l (interquartile range [IQR] 346-2,681 μg/l). Of the subjects, 54% in the geno- and phenotype subgroup had a high-coding MBL genotype (median S-MBL=2,658 μg/l [IQR 1,715-3,829]) and 46% a low-coding MBL genotype (373 μg/l [100-765]). S-MBL did not correlate with age, BMI, creatinine clearance, glucose, or A1C. Cardiovascular events occurred in 136 (35%) patients. S-MBL did not predict events in univariable analyses (hazard ratio 0.93 [95% CI 0.85-1.01]; P=0.09). In unadjusted analyses, the risk of events was lower in patients with a high genotype and S-MBL above the median for their genotype (0.49 [0.26-0.92]; P=0.026) than for patients with a low genotype and S-MBL below the median for their genotype. The prediction capacity of the geno- and phenotype model was of borderline significance in adjusted Cox regression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with type 2 diabetes and myocardial infarction have MBL genotypes that are similar to those known in the general population. The combination of a low-coding MBL genotype with a low S-MBL appears to be prognostically unfavorable, but the association is blunted by traditional risk markers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. linda.mellbin@karolinska.se
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Mellbin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamsten
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malmberg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steffensen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rydén
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ohrvik
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models
chemical_list: D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin