Quality of marital relationship and depression: results of a 10-year prospective follow-up study.
BACKGROUND
Although the long-term course of depression has been intensively examined, there are only few studies on the long-term development of depressed patients' spousal relationships. The aim of the study was to assess the quality and stability of depressed patients' spousal relationships in the long-term course of depression and to identify predictors of relationship outcome.


METHODS
In the study, 50 inpatients with Major Depression were followed-up one, two and ten years after discharge from hospital and compared to a healthy control group matched by age and sex. Marital satisfaction was measured by the Terman item. Expressed Emotion (EE) was assessed with the Five-Minute Speech Sample (FMSS) and the Perceived Criticism Index (PC).


RESULTS
In the follow-up period of ten years, 26 patients (56.5%) had a recurrence. Ten years after discharge from hospital 8 couples were separated, 11 were unhappy and 26 couples were happy with their spousal relationship. The quality of marital relationship decreased over the follow-up period. In comparison to a healthy control group, patients showed a significantly worse quality of marital relationship at follow-up. Besides age and course of depression, the spousal EE status was a prognostic factor for the quality of the relationship after 10 years.


CONCLUSIONS
The results confirm the decrease of marital satisfaction over time in the long-term course of depression. Identified interpersonal predictors of the quality of spousal relationship in major depression could be used as indication criteria for couple therapy.
Kronmüller
Klaus-Thomas
KT
Department of Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany. klaus_kronmueller@med.uni-heidelberg.de
Backenstrass
Matthias
M
Victor
Daniela
D
Postelnicu
Ilinca
I
Schenkenbach
Caroline
C
Joest
Katharina
K
Fiedler
Peter
P
Mundt
Christoph
C
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors