Biomarkers with predictive and prognostic function in non-small cell lung cancer: ready for prime time?
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the United States. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of all lung cancers. Most patients with NSCLC present with locoregionally advanced or metastatic disease, for which response rates and median overall survival remain poor. Platinum-based chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment for NSCLC in both adjuvant and metastatic disease. Personalized chemotherapy and targeted biologic therapy based on a tumor's histologic and molecular profile have already shown promise in optimizing efficacy. Various markers are currently being investigated for their ability to guide treatment decision-making and management. This article describes these predictive and prognostic markers and details their current role, benefit, and potential future use in the management of patients with NSCLC.
Aggarwal
Charu
C
Thoracic Oncology Program, Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
Somaiah
Neeta
N
Simon
George R
GR
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000032:analysis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009154:Mutation; D011379:Prognosis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D012262:Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase; D014404:Tubulin / Q000032:analysis; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014404:Tubulin; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C475286:RRM1 protein, human; D012262:Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; D004720:Endonucleases; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins