title: Noninvasive probing of inhibitory effects of cylindrospermopsin and microcystin-LR using cell-based impedance spectroscopy.
abstract: In an effort to develop a noninvasive method for assessment of cyanobacterial toxins in drinking water, plausible cytotoxicity/inhibition of microcystin-LR and cylindrospermopsin was evaluated by cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) using three different cell lines. Sf9 insect cells were attached to concanavalin A coated gold electrodes, whereas Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and human embryo kidney (HEK) cells were attached to a fibronectin or laminin coated gold surface. Cytotoxic or inhibitory effects were dependent upon the cell line and the extracellular matrix (ECM) coating. Neither toxin exhibited any appreciable effect on the insect cells. In contrast, cytotoxicity of cylindrospermopsin on CHO cells was attested by both ECIS and viability tests. The half-inhibition concentration (ECIS50) of cylindrospermopsin for CHO cells was approximately 2 microg/mL (ppm) after 20 h of exposure and 4 microg/mL (ppm) after 30 h of exposure for a laminin or fibronectin coated surface. ECIS confirmed no significant effect of cylindrospermopsin on HEK cells. Microcystin-LR was also tested with CHO cells, resulting in an ECIS50 value of approximately 12 microg/mL (ppm) after 25 h of exposure for a laminin coated gold surface. The effect of microcystin-LR on CHO cells probed by ECIS was inhibitory rather than cytotoxic, as confirmed by cell viability assays.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H4P 2R2.
authors.forename: Keith B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Male
authors.forename: Roseanne
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tom
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Durocher
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Greer
authors.forename: John H T
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Luong
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids; D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D000087522:Cyanobacteria Toxins; D058266:Dielectric Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004566:Electrodes; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006046:Gold / Q000494:pharmacology; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000166:cytology; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D014498:Uracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D000087522:Cyanobacteria Toxins; D005353:Fibronectins; D007797:Laminin; D008387:Marine Toxins; D052998:Microcystins; C089595:cylindrospermopsin; D014498:Uracil; D006046:Gold; C057862:cyanoginosin LR