title: In vitro alternatives for the detection of photoirritant chemicals: The EEC/COLIPA trial.
abstract: The effects of UV irradiation on the cytotoxicities of selected chemicals were investigated in cultures of Balb/c 3T3 cells, normal human keratinocytes and Jurkat cells. The chemicals were chosen according to their reported photoirritancy, or lack thereof, and the abilities of the in vitro tests to distinguish between these photoirritants and non-photoirritants were assessed. The data obtained suggest that the neutral red uptake assay with Balb/c 3T3 cells can be used to provide some indication of the potential photoirritancy of these particular chemicals. However, similar results were also obtained using the human keratinocytes and these should provide a more relevant in vitro model for investigating mechanisms of chemical-induced photoirritation.
authors.affiliation: FRAME Alternatives Laboratory, Department of Human Morphology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Willshaw
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balls