title: Conservative treatment of stage IA1 adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix with a long-term follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix tends to arise in women of childbearing age. Conservative treatment by conization is an alternative to a hysterectomy that allows future pregnancy; however, much less is known about the management of adenocarcinoma because of its rarity and relatively short time frame of follow-up. The purpose of this study was to determine the long-term outcome of patients treated by conization alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients diagnosed to have FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) stage IA1 cervical adenocarcinoma between 1990 and 2004 with more than 5 years' follow-up at 2 institutions were reviewed. Information was abstracted on clinical data including margin status of conization and recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven patients were identified, and 10 patients who expressed a strong desire to preserve fertility were offered a conization and careful surveillance without hysterectomy. The median age was 35 years, and 40% were nulliparous. All tumors were endocervical-type adenocarcinoma, and all tumors were grade 1. None had lymphovascular space invasion. Two patients had a repeated conization because of a positive margin. No recurrence was observed during an average follow-up of 75 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although further studies on the management of microinvasive cervical adenocarcinoma are desirable, conization seems to be acceptable treatment modality for patients with stage IA1 cervical adenocarcinoma who desire to preserve their fertility. A careful and long-term follow-up is needed because of lack of sufficient evidence for the safety of this treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Niigata University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. yahatat@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yahata
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kashima
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekine
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Motoi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasagawa
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honma
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019092:Conization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*