title: Heterogeneity of radiation- and TNF-alpha-induced programmed cell death in carcinoma, sarcoma and lymphoma cell lines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the interaction of tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and ionising radiation in six sarcoma, lymphoma and carcinoma cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells were characterized regarding annexin V/propiduim iodine affinity and caspase-3 status after application of TNF-alpha, radiation, or combined treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three cell lines showed similar results with additive effects of TNF-alpha and radiation in both assays. The other three cell lines significantly differed regarding the detection of apoptotic cells between treatment conditions (radiation and/or TNF application) and between the two apoptosis assays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The interaction between TNF-alpha and radiation differs between tumour entities and cannot be described by using only one parameter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, University Hospital Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Münster, Germany. Tobias.Boelling@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Tobias
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bölling
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kolkmeyer
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Greve
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: Normann
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Willich
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Könemann
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D053148:Caspase 3