title: Summary of invasive pneumococcal disease burden among children in the Asia-Pacific region.
abstract: Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) burden is significant in the Asia-Pacific region. This review describes the epidemiology and Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) serotype distribution of IPD in children in the Asia-Pacific region from studies published from 1999 to 2010. IPD incidence varies widely in Asia-Pacific countries depending on the method of surveillance, the population studied, and the time period. Incidences are highest for younger children, with rates near 100-200 cases per 100,000 children aged <1 or 2 years. Incidences of preventable disease are estimated to be 6-200 cases per 100,000. Heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) serotype coverage shows a very wide range over the Asia-Pacific region. Ten countries have high vaccine serotype coverage (>70%), and six countries have low vaccine serotype coverage (<50%). The majority of SP serotypes in children with IPD in most countries in the Asia-Pacific region are susceptible to penicillin (intermediate and resistant <50%); a few countries have SP serotypes with high level resistance to penicillin (intermediate and resistant >50%). Japan, Taiwan, and Thailand have high PCV7 serotype coverage. Countries with low pneumococcal resistance to antimicrobials have shown increasingly higher nonsusceptibility with time. National vaccination programmes that include PCV7, 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), or 13-valent PCV would significantly affect IPD burden in children aged <5 years in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as the burden of penicillin-nonsusceptible IPD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children's Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsin Street, Kwei-Shan Hsiang, Taoyuan, Taiwan. pidlin@adm.cgmh.org.tw
authors.forename: Tzou-Yien
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Nitin K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Carmen S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D044362:Australasia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D010139:Pacific Islands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification*
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines