Tailoring DNA structure to increase target hybridization kinetics on surfaces.
We report a method for increasing the rate of target hybridization on DNA-functionalized surfaces using a short internal complement DNA (sicDNA) strand. The sicDNA causes up to a 5-fold increase in association rate by inducing a conformational change that extends the DNA away from the surface, making it more available to bind target nucleic acids. The sicDNA-induced kinetic enhancement is a general phenomenon that occurred with all sequences and surfaces investigated. Additionally, the process is selective and can be used in multicomponent systems to controllably and orthogonally "turn on" specific sequences by the addition of the appropriate sicDNA. Finally, we show that sicDNA is compatible with systems used in gene regulation, intracellular detection, and microarrays, suggesting several potential therapeutic, diagnostic, and bioinformatic applications.
Prigodich
Andrew E
AE
Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, USA.
Lee
One-Sun
OS
Daniel
Weston L
WL
Seferos
Dwight S
DS
Schatz
George C
GC
Mirkin
Chad A
CA
D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D013499:Surface Properties
D006046:Gold; D004247:DNA