title: Association of target organ damage with three arterial stiffness indexes according to blood pressure dipping status in untreated hypertensive patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subclinical organ damage represents an intermediate stage in the continuum of vascular disease and a determinant of overall cardiovascular risk. We investigated the associations of pulse wave velocity (PWV), ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI), and office pulse pressure (PP) with several target organ damages (TODs) in newly diagnosed and never-treated patients with essential hypertension with respect to their dipping profile.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred sixty-eight hypertensive patients with recently diagnosed and never-treated stage I-II essential hypertension were evaluated with respect to the relationship of PWV, AASI, and office PP with TOD including microalbumin (MAU) levels, cognitive function, intima-media thickness (IMT), coronary flow reserve (CFR), left ventricular mass (LVM), left ventricular filling pressures, diastolic dysfunction, and left atrium (LA) enlargement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Simultaneous estimation of AASI, PWV, and office PP independently associated with the following: (i) CFR (P < 0.01), 24-h urine albumin excretion rates (P < 0.05), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (P < 0.01), and LA enlargement (P < 0.01) in never-treated hypertensive patients; (ii) CFR (P < 0.05), IMT (P < 0.01), left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (P < 0.05), and LA enlargement (P < 0.05) in dippers; and (iii) CFR (P < 0.05) and LA enlargement (P < 0.01) in nondippers. Nonindependent relationships revealed between (i) AASI and left ventricular filling pressures and (ii) PWV and cognitive dysfunction in never-treated hypertensive patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The simultaneous estimation of three noninvasive indexes of arterial stiffness leads to valuable information regarding their association with TOD including CFR, MAU levels, IMT, left ventricular diastolic dysfunction, and LA enlargement in never-treated hypertensive patients regarding their dipping status.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Cardiology, Attikon Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece. seliani@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Triantafyllidi
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tzortzis
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lekakis
authors.forename: Ignatios
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ikonomidis
authors.forename: Chrysa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arvaniti
authors.forename: Paraskevi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Trivilou
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kontsas
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siafakas
authors.forename: Loukia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zerva
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stamboulis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kremastinos
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anastasiou-Nana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D011674:Pulse; D012306:Risk; D014655:Vascular Resistance