title: Prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesions by O-carboxymethyl chitosan in a rat cecal abrasion model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Post-surgical adhesion formation can result in significant morbidity and mortality. N,O-carboxymethyl chitosan (N,O-CMC) has been previously shown to be effective in the prevention of postsurgical adhesion formation. In this study, we evaluated the ability of O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC), another chitosan derivative generated by carboxymethylation of chitosan's oxygen centers, to reduce postsurgical adhesion development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats (250 +/- 20 g) were divided into two equal groups: O-CMC group and saline (control) group. All rats underwent a midline laparotomy and the cecum was abraded to cause petechial hemorrhages. Following peritoneal injections of either saline or O-CMC, the incisions were closed. Seven days after surgery, the animals were killed and adhesion formation was scored. Tissue samples from the adhesions were examined histochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adhesion formation was significantly decreased in the O-CMC group (P < .001) in comparison with the control group. Furthermore, significantly less collagen (P < .001) and fewer inflammatory cells and fibroblasts were detected in the O-CMC-treated animals. Additionally, a significantly (P < .05) lower level of TGF-beta1 expression was found in the O-CMC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  O-CMC appears to be effective in the prevention of postoperative peritoneal adhesion formation, which may be attributed to decreased accumulation of inflammatory cells and fibroblasts and reduced collagen synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Dejuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jiacong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Shirong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Haofan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huanglin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002432:Cecum / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D048271:Chitosan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C504164:O-carboxymethylchitosan; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D048271:Chitosan