title: Staff radiation doses in a real-time display inside the angiography room.
abstract: METHODS
  The evaluation of a new occupational Dose Aware System (DAS) showing staff radiation doses in real time has been carried out in several angiography rooms in our hospital. The system uses electronic solid-state detectors with high-capacity memory storage. Every second, it archives the dose and dose rate measured and is wirelessly linked to a base-station screen mounted close to the diagnostic monitors. An easy transfer of the values to a data sheet permits further analysis of the scatter dose profile measured during the procedure, compares it with patient doses, and seeks to find the most effective actions to reduce operator exposure to radiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cumulative occupational doses measured per procedure (shoulder-over lead apron) ranged from 0.6 to 350 μSv when the ceiling-suspended screen was used, and DSA (Digital Subtraction Acquisition) runs were acquired while the personnel left the angiography room. When the suspended screen was not used and radiologists remained inside the angiography room during DSA acquisitions, the dose rates registered at the operator's position reached up to 1-5 mSv/h during fluoroscopy and 12-235 mSv/h during DSA acquisitions. In such case, the cumulative scatter dose could be more than 3 mSv per procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Real-time display of doses to staff members warns interventionists whenever the scatter dose rates are too high or the radiation protection tools are not being properly used, providing an opportunity to improve personal protection accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. rmsanchez.hcsc@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vano
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gallego
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation*