title: Multilineage differentiation of dental pulp stem cells from green fluorescent protein transgenic mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to confirm the multilineage differentiation ability of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice. The expression of GFP in DPSCs was also observed during differentiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  DPSCs were harvested from the dental pulp tissue of transgenic nude mice, and then transferred to osteogenic, adipogenic, and chondrogenic media. The morphological characterization of induced cells was observed by microscopy and histological staining. The expression of marker genes was measured by RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The endogenous GFP and multilineage potential of transgenic DPSCs had no influence on each other. Moreover, the results of fluorescence microscopic imaging suggest that there was no significant decline of GFP expression during DPSCs differentiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As the population of GFP labeled DPSCs can be easily identified, this will be a promising method for tracking DPSCs in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mass General Hospital for Children and the Pediatric Orthopaedic Laboratory for Tissue Engineering, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Grottkau
authors.forename: P Prasad
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Purudappa
authors.forename: Yun-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000880:Anthraquinones; D001391:Azo Compounds; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology*; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014048:Tolonium Chloride
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D005819:Genetic Markers; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D014048:Tolonium Chloride; C004468:Alizarin Red S; D012313:RNA; C011049:oil red O