title: Continuing utilisation of specialised health services in extremely preterm infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare healthcare use from neonatal discharge to 18 months corrected age (CA) of two groups of extremely preterm neonates (23-25 vs 26-28 weeks).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infants born at < or =28 weeks and admitted in three hospital centres in Quebec, Canada (n=254).
  
  
  METHODS
  Neurodevelopmental outcomes and healthcare use from neonatal discharge to 18 months CA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Re-hospitalisation rates occurred in 57% of children born at 23-25 weeks and in 49% of those born at 26-28 weeks. In these two age groups, by 18 months, 61% vs 59% were followed in physical or occupational therapy, 29% vs 17% were enrolled in a long-term rehabilitation program, 38% vs 28% used prescribed medication, and 59% vs 33% required medical assistive devices, respectively. Risk of re-hospitalisation was related to bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), severe brain injury, use of home oxygen or an apnoea monitor and older age at neonatal discharge. Multiple births, BPD, severe brain injury, older age at neonatal discharge and single parenthood were associated with risk of using out-patient health services above average (>2 services).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extremely preterm children are frequently re-hospitalised during infancy and use a substantial amount of healthcare resources. These results highlight the importance of resource allocation to preterm infants for medical and rehabilitation services after discharge from the neonatal intensive care unit.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada. thuy.mai.luu@umontreal.ca
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Luu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lefebvre
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Infante-Rivard
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011792:Quebec / Q000453:epidemiology