title: No associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms in corticoid receptor genes and heart rate and cortisol responses to a standardized social stress test in adolescents: the TRAILS study.
abstract: Previously, sequence variation in the glucocorticoid (GR) and mineralocorticoid (MR) receptor genes (NR3C1 and NR3C2, respectively) have been found to be associated with physiological stress responses to social stress tests in small samples of adult men and oral contraceptives (OC) using women. Associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the GR (23EK-rs6190, 9beta-rs6198, BclI-rs4142324) and the MR gene (I180V-rs5522 and -2G/C (rs2070951) with cortisol and heart rate responses to a performance-related social stress task (public speaking and mental arithmetic) were examined in a large sample (n = 553) of adolescents (15-17 years). To make comparisons with previous findings, associations were tested in boys (n = 277), free-cycling (FC) girls (n = 183) and OC users (n = 93). None of the previously reported associations in adults could be replicated in this large adolescent sample. Explanations for non-replication are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Interdisciplinary Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Groningen Graduate School Medical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. e.m.c.bouma@med.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Esther M C
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bouma
authors.forename: Harriëtte
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riese
authors.forename: Ilja M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Nolte
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oosterom
authors.forename: Frank C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Verhulst
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ormel
authors.forename: Albertine J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Oldehinkel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics*; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / Q000235:genetics*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; C497713:NR3C1 protein, human; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; D006854:Hydrocortisone