title: The wash-out technique in the management of delayed presentations of extravasation injuries.
abstract: Late presentation of extravasation injuries from chemotherapeutic agents is not uncommon. Twenty-four patients with extravasation injuries presented with upper limb extravasation but without any skin necrosis between the second and the fourteenth day following injury day. We flushed out the infiltrated area with 300-500 ml of normal saline through multiple stab incisions. All 24 patients responded well to the procedure and no further complications occurred. The average time for the complete healing of the wounds was 15 days. All the patients were able to continue their chemotherapy treatment without delay. Patients were followed up for a mean period of 13 months. They all recovered with no functional deficit and only mild scarring. Early recognition and immediate treatment of extravasation injuries are of paramount importance. In cases with no evidence of skin necrosis, a delayed wash-out procedure appears to be very effective in removing the extravasated drug and minimizing further tissue damage.
authors.affiliation: Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Department of Plastic Surgery, Papageorgiou Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dionyssiou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chantes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gravvanis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Demiri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001132:Arm; D057210:Delayed Diagnosis; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000633:toxicity; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D015251:Epirubicin; D004317:Doxorubicin