title: Isolation and characterization of true mesenchymal stem cells derived from human term decidua capable of multilineage differentiation into all 3 embryonic layers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the study was to isolate and characterize a population of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human term placental membranes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We isolated an adherent cell population from extraembryonic membranes. Morphology, phenotype, growth characteristics, karyotype, and immunological and differentiation properties were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The isolated placental MSCs were from maternal origin and named as decidua-derived mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs). DMSCs differentiated into derivatives of all germ layers. It is the first report about placental MSC differentiation into alveolar type II cells. Clonally expanded DMSCs differentiated into all embryonic layers, including pulmonary cells. DMSCs showed higher life span than placental cells from fetal origin and proliferated without genomic instability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that DMSCs are true multipotent MSCs, distinguishing them from other placental MSCs. DMSCs could be safely used in the mother as a potential source of MSCs for pelvic floor dysfunctions and immunological diseases. Additionally, frozen DMSCs can be stored for both autologous and allogeneic tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Avda Cordoba s/n, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Macias
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grande
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bornstein
authors.forename: Ana I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Flores
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003656:Decidua / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019098:Telomerase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D019098:Telomerase