title: A kinetic and isotope effect investigation of the urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of hydroxyurea.
abstract: The urease-catalyzed hydrolysis of hydroxyurea is known to exhibit biphasic kinetics, showing a rapid burst phase followed by a slow plateau phase. Kinetic isotope effects for both phases of this reaction were measured at pH 6.0 and 25 °C. The observed nitrogen isotope effects for the ammonia leaving group [(15)(V/K)(NH(3))] were 1.0016 ± 0.0005 during the burst phase and 1.0019 ± 0.0007 during the plateau phase, while those for the hydroxylamine leaving group [(15)(V/K)(NH(2)OH)] were 1.0013 ± 0.0005 for the burst phase and 1.0022 ± 0.0003 for the plateau phase. These isotope effects are consistent with a rate-determining step that occurs prior to breaking either of the two possible C-N bonds. The observed carbonyl carbon isotope effects [(13)(V/K)] were 1.0135 ± 0.0003 during the burst phase and 1.0178 ± 0.0003 during the plateau phase. The similarity of the magnitude of the carbon isotope effects argues for formation of a common intermediate during both phases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California 93407, USA. jmarlier@calpoly.edu
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Marlier
authors.forename: Lori I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Robins
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rawlings
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: W W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Cleland
mesh_terms: D032449:Canavalia / Q000201:enzymology; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D002384:Catalysis; D006868:Hydrolysis; D006918:Hydroxyurea; D007554:Isotopes / Q000032:analysis*; D007700:Kinetics; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D014510:Urease / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D007554:Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D014510:Urease; D006918:Hydroxyurea