title: High-intensity interval training improves VO(2peak), maximal lactate accumulation, time trial and competition performance in 9-11-year-old swimmers.
abstract: Training volume in swimming is usually very high when compared to the relatively short competition time. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been demonstrated to improve performance in a relatively short training period. The main purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of a 5-week HIIT versus high-volume training (HVT) in 9-11-year-old swimmers on competition performance, 100 and 2,000 m time (T(100 m) and T(2,000 m)), VO(2peak) and rate of maximal lactate accumulation (Lac(max)). In a 5-week crossover study, 26 competitive swimmers with a mean (SD) age of 11.5 ± 1.4 years performed a training period of HIIT and HVT. Competition (P < 0.01; effect size = 0.48) and T(2,000 m) (P = 0.04; effect size = 0.21) performance increased following HIIT. No changes were found in T(100 m) (P = 0.20). Lac(max) increased following HIIT (P < 0.01; effect size = 0.43) and decreased after HVT (P < 0.01; effect size = 0.51). VO(2peak) increased following both interventions (P < 0.05; effect sizes = 0.46-0.57). The increases in competition performance, T(2,000 m), Lac(max) and VO(2peak) following HIIT were achieved in significantly less training time (~2 h/week).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Training Science and Sport Informatics, German Sport University Cologne, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf, Cologne, Germany. sperlich@dshs-koeln.de
authors.forename: Billy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sperlich
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zinner
authors.forename: Ilka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Heilemann
authors.forename: Per-Ludvik
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Kjendlie
authors.forename: Hans-Christer
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mester
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D056352:Athletes; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid