title: Investigation into the physicochemical stability and rheological properties of beta-carotene emulsion stabilized by soybean soluble polysaccharides and chitosan.
abstract: In this study, the possibility of producing stable O/W emulsions incorporating beta-carotene in oil droplets surrounded by multiple-layer interfacial membranes has been demonstrated. Emulsions were prepared using a two-stage process by homogenization, which relied on the adsorption of chitosan to anionic droplets coated with soybean soluble polysaccharides (SSPS). Results showed that the zeta-potential, particle size, and rheological properties of emulsions were greatly dependent on the chitosan concentration. The electrical charge on the droplets increased from -34 to 58.2 mV as the chitosan concentration was increased from 0 to 2 wt %, which indicated that chitosan adsorbed to the droplet surfaces. The mean particle diameter of the emulsions increased dramatically with the rise of chitosan concentration from 0 to 0.33 wt %, indicating the formation of large aggregated structures. At chitosan concentrations above 0.33 wt %, the mean particle diameter of emulsions decreased and reached a minimum value of 0.79 mum at a chitosan concentration of 0.5 wt %. Dynamic oscillatory shear tests indicated that the viscoelastic behavior could be enhanced by the adsorption of chitosan onto the SSPS-coated droplet surfaces. Chitosan concentration had a significant (p < 0.05) impact on the stability of beta-carotene. The least degradation occurred in the emulsion with chitosan concentration of 0.5%. These results implied that the physicochemical stability of beta-carotene emulsions has been improved by the adsorption of chitosan.
authors.affiliation: College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhanqun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Yanxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Yuwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chunlin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Duoxia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012212:Rheology; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D005079:Excipients; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D019207:beta Carotene; D048271:Chitosan