title: Results of dynamic treatment of fractures of the proximal phalanx of the hand.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of fractures of the proximal phalanx in three-phalanx fingers has for a long time been the domain of conservative static treatment in a plaster cast. After removal of the plaster, there was usually limitation of mobility of the interphalangeal joints. Fractures of the proximal phalanx are managed with conservative functional treatment in our clinic. The aim of this method is to achieve bony healing and free mobility at the same time and not in succession. We evaluated our treatment outcomes in a follow-up study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dressing consists of a dorsopalmar plaster splint and a so-called finger splint. The wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints are immobilized with the plaster cast. The wrist is dorsiflexed 30 degrees, and the metacarpophalangeal joints are flexed 70 degrees to 90 degrees. In this intrinsic plus position, the extensor aponeurosis is taut and covers two-thirds of the proximal phalanx, thus leading to firm splinting of the fracture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-five patients (46 men and 19 women) with 78 proximal phalanx fractures were followed up after an average of 23 months (12-69 months). The average age of the patients was 41 years (18-93 years). Among our patients, the ring finger was affected most often, with transverse fractures predominating. As regards the location, fractures in the proximal third were most frequent (51%). All fractures consolidated. Delayed fracture healing or pseudarthrosis was not observed. Sixty-seven fingers (86%) showed full range of motion at follow-up. In 11 cases (14%), there was limitation of finger joint movements, with inhibition of extension of the proximal interphalangeal joint in nine patients up to a maximum of 20 degrees. Two patients had limitation of flexion with a fingertip-palm distance of 1.1 cm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aim of functional treatment of proximal phalanx fractures is to achieve bony healing and free mobility at the same time and not in succession. Active exercises in the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints prevent limitations of mobility and the subsequent occurrence of rotational and axial deformities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology, Trauma Hospital Lorenz Boehler, Vienna, Austria. m.figl@gmx.at
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Figl
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weninger
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hofbauer
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pezzei
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leixnering
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002370:Casts, Surgical; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D050278:Finger Phalanges / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D017102:Fracture Healing; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult