title: Ischemic stroke subtypes in a Japanese population: Takashima Stroke Registry, 1988-2004.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Population-based information on the epidemiology of ischemic stroke (IS) subtypes is scant. In this study, we characterized IS subtypes in terms of incidence, time trend, and risk factor profiles in a community-based population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained data from the Takashima Stroke Registry on approximately 55 000 residents of Takashima County in central Japan and calculated age-adjusted stroke incidence rates for different IS subtypes. We determined the incidence time trend by calculating the average annual change across years and also compared risk factors between subtypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 1389 first-ever ischemic strokes registered during 1988 to 2004. Lacunar infarction was the most frequent etiology (54.1%) followed by cardioembolic infarction (22.9%). Age-adjusted incidence rates for different IS subtypes were lacunar, 77.1; cardioembolic, 31.5; and nonlacunar, 29.7/10(5) person-years. The average annual change was not significant for the IS subtypes except for nonlacunar infarction, which showed a decreasing trend. Risk factor analysis showed that patients with lacunar infarctions were younger and less likely to have a history of transient ischemic attack or a drinking habit than patients with nonlacunar infarctions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lacunar infarct was the most common IS subtype in our population. We found no significant change in the incidence of subtypes during the study, except a decrease in nonlacunar infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Klinikum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen, Germany. dr.turin@gmail.com
authors.forename: Tanvir Chowdhury
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Turin
authors.forename: Yoshikuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rumana
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugihara
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueshima
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000145:classification* / Q000453:epidemiology*