title: Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in 875 patients with bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Relatively little is known about the co-occurrence of bipolar and eating disorders. We therefore assessed the prevalence and clinical correlates of eating disorders in 875 patients with bipolar disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  875 outpatients with DSM-IV bipolar I or II disorder were evaluated with structured diagnostic interviews and clinician- and self-administered questionnaires to determine bipolar and eating disorder diagnoses, other comorbid Axis I disorder diagnoses, and demographic and historical illness characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  125 (14.3%) patients met DSM-IV criteria for at least one comorbid lifetime Axis I eating disorder, with binge eating disorder (N=77) being more common than bulimia nervosa (n=42) and anorexia nervosa (N=27). There were no significant eating disorder comorbidity differences between bipolar I and bipolar II patients. Presence of a lifetime comorbid eating disorder was associated with female gender, younger age, earlier age of onset of mood symptoms and of bipolar disorder, presentation in a mixed episode, greater number of prior mood episodes, history of rapid cycling and suicide attempts, greater mean BMI, obesity and severe obesity, and family history of depression, bipolar disorder, alcoholism, and drug abuse. When the three eating disorder groups were compared, lifetime anorexia nervosa was associated with normal weight and a lifetime anxiety disorder, lifetime bulimia nervosa was associated with overweight, and lifetime binge eating disorder was associated with obesity and severe obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with bipolar disorder, especially women, not infrequently have comorbid eating disorders, and this comorbidity is associated with an earlier age of onset and more severe course of bipolar illness.
authors.affiliation: Craig and Frances Lindner Center of HOPE, Mason, OH 45040, USA. susan.mcelroy@lindnercenter.org
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: McElroy
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hellemann
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Altshuler
authors.forename: Gabriele S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Leverich
authors.forename: Trisha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suppes
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Keck
authors.forename: Willem A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Nolen
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kupka
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Post
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000856:Anorexia Nervosa / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D056912:Binge-Eating Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult