title: Effect of interpregnancy interval on outcomes of pregnancy after miscarriage: retrospective analysis of hospital episode statistics in Scotland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the optimum interpregnancy interval after miscarriage in a first recorded pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population based retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Scottish hospitals between 1981 and 2000.
  
  
  METHODS
  30,937 women who had a miscarriage in their first recorded pregnancy and subsequently became pregnant.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary end point was miscarriage, live birth, termination, stillbirth, or ectopic pregnancy in the second pregnancy. Secondary outcomes were rates of caesarean section and preterm delivery, low birthweight infants, pre-eclampsia, placenta praevia, placental abruption, and induced labour in the second pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with women with an interpregnancy interval of 6-12 months, those who conceived again within six months were less likely to have another miscarriage (adjusted odds ratio 0.66, 95% confidence interval 0.57 to 0.77), termination (0.43, 0.33 to 0.57), or ectopic pregnancy (0.48, 0.34 to 0.69). Women with an interpregnancy interval of more than 24 months were more likely to have an ectopic second pregnancy (1.97, 1.42 to 2.72) or termination (2.40, 1.91 to 3.01). Compared with women with an interpregnancy interval of 6-12 months, women who conceived again within six months and went on to have a live birth in the second pregnancy were less likely to have a caesarean section (0.90, 0.83 to 0.98), preterm delivery (0.89, 0.81 to 0.98), or infant of low birth weight (0.84, 0.71 to 0.89) but were more likely to have an induced labour (1.08, 1.02 to 1.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women who conceive within six months of an initial miscarriage have the best reproductive outcomes and lowest complication rates in a subsequent pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen.
authors.forename: Eleanor R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Love
authors.forename: Siladitya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: Norman C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Sohinee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000328:Adult; D001721:Birth Intervals / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology