title: PPARγ activation normalizes resolution of acute sterile inflammation in murine chronic granulomatous disease.
abstract: Absence of a functional nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase predisposes chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) patients to infection, and also to unexplained, exaggerated inflammation. The impaired recognition and removal (efferocytosis) of apoptotic neutrophils by CGD macrophages may contribute to this effect. We hypothesized that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) activation during CGD inflammation is deficient, leading to altered macrophage programming and decreased efferocytosis, and that PPARγ agonism would enhance resolution. using the gp91(phox-/-) murine model of X-linked CGD in a well-characterized model of sterile, zymosan-induced peritonitis, it was demonstrated that PPARγ expression and activation in CGD macrophages were significantly deficient at baseline, and acquisition was delayed over the course of inflammation relative to that of wild-type. Efferocytosis by macrophages reflected PPARγ activation during peritonitis and was impaired in CGD mice (versus wild-type), leading to accumulation of apoptotic neutrophils. Importantly, provision of the PPARγ agonist, pioglitazone, either prophylactically or during inflammation, significantly enhanced macrophage PPARγ-mediated programming and efferocytosis, reduced accumulation of apoptotic neutrophils, and normalized the course of peritonitis in CGD mice. As such, PPARγ may be a therapeutic target for CGD, and possibly other inflammatory conditions where aberrant macrophage programming and impaired efferocytosis delay resolution of inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO, USA.
authors.forename: Ruby
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Boyanapalli
authors.forename: S Courtney
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Frasch
authors.forename: David W H
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Riches
authors.forename: R William
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Vandivier
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Henson
authors.forename: Donna L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bratton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006105:Granulomatous Disease, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000235:genetics; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000819:agonists* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D047495:PPAR gamma; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D015054:Zymosan; C488842:Cybb protein, mouse; D000074662:NADPH Oxidase 2; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D000077205:Pioglitazone