title: Microorganisms associated with Maari, a Baobab seed fermented product.
abstract: A microbiological study was carried out on Baobab fermented seeds (Maari) obtained from 4 different production sites in Burkina Faso (Mansila, Toulfé, Ouagadougou and Gorgadji). A total of 390 representative isolates comprising 251 aerobic mesophilic bacteria (AMB) and 139 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) were isolated and identified to species level using a combination of pheno- and genotypic methods including conventional morphological analysis, carbohydrate fermentation profiling, rep-PCR ((GTG)(5)-fingerprinting) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The fermentation of Baobab seeds was initiated by the AMB identified as Bacillus subtilis (82% of AMB isolates) and Staphylococcus sciuri (18% of AMB isolates). No lactic acid bacteria were isolated at the beginning of the process. After 24h fermentation time, Enterococcus faecium appeared in the fermenting seeds and remained until the end of the fermentation, as the predominant LAB. In Maari collected from retail outlets the AMB count ranged from 6.7log10CFU/g to 10log10CFU/g while the LAB load ranged from 4.4log10CFU/g to 9.9log10CFU/g. The AMB were identified as belonging to genus Bacillus (12 species), Staphylococcus (3 species) and one species of Aerococcus, Macrococcus, Leifsonia, Kurthia, Proteus, Acinetobacter and Globicatella, respectively. A putatively novel, previously undescribed Corynebacterium sp. was also found. E. faecium was the dominant LAB in all investigated retail samples except one sample dominated by Pediococcus acidilactici.
authors.affiliation: Département Technologie Alimentaire/IRSAT/CNRST 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parkouda
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thorsen
authors.forename: Clarisse S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Compaoré
authors.forename: Dennis S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Kwaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tano-Debrah
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Bréhima
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Diawara
authors.forename: Mogens
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
mesh_terms: D035162:Adansonia / Q000382:microbiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D044822:Biodiversity; D002050:Burkina Faso; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007777:Lactobacillaceae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012639:Seeds
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S