title: Psychometric properties of the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology in adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The clinician-rated (QIDS-C₁₆) and self-report (QIDS-SR₁₆) versions of the 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology have been extensively examined in adult populations. This study evaluated both versions of the QIDS and the 17-item Children's Depressive Rating Scale - Revised (CDRS-R) in an adolescent outpatient sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both the QIDS-C₁₆ and QIDS-SR₁₆ were completed for the adolescents. Three different methods were used to complete the QIDS-C₁₆: (a) adolescents' responses to clinician interviews; (b) parents' responses to clinician interview; and (c) a composite score using the most pathological response from the two interviews. Both classical and item response theory methods were used. Factor analyses evaluated the dimensionality of each scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample included 140 adolescent outpatients. All versions of the QIDS, save the parent interview, and the CDRS-R were very reliable (α ≥ 0.8). All four versions of the QIDS are reasonably effective and unidimensional. The CDRS-R was clearly at least two-dimensional. The CDRS-R was the most discriminating among low and extremely high levels of depression. The QIDS-SR₁₆ was the most discriminating at moderate levels of depression. There was no relation between the QIDS scores and concurrent Axis III comorbidities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The QIDS-C₁₆ and the QIDS-SR₁₆ are suitable for use in adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9066, USA. Ira.Bernstein@utsouthwestern.edu
authors.forename: Ira H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: Madhukar H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: Carroll W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Macleod
authors.forename: Bradley P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Witte
authors.forename: Shailesh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Taryn L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Mayes
authors.forename: Graham J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Emslie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology; D010290:Parents; D010552:Personality Assessment / Q000592:standards*; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000592:standards*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index