The StrataTest® human skin model, a consistent in vitro alternative for toxicological testing.
Three-dimensional in vitro skin models provide an alternative to animal testing for assessing tissue damage caused by chemical or physical agents and for the identification and characterization of agents formulated to mitigate this damage. The StrataTest® human skin model made with pathogen-free NIKS® keratinocyte progenitors is a fully-stratified tissue containing epidermal and dermal components that possesses barrier function as determined by measurements of electrical impedance. Independent batches of skin tissues responded consistently to known chemical irritants even after refrigerated storage for up to 7 days. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were detected after exposure of skin tissues to ozone, cigarette smoke or ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Pretreatment with the antioxidant parthenolide-depleted (PD)-Feverfew extract prevented cigarette smoke-induced or UV irradiation-mediated increases in ROS. Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) secretion increased in a dose dependent manner following UV irradiation but cytokine release was abrogated by pretreatment with a UVA/UVB sunscreen. Similarly, immunohistochemical detection showed increased thymidine dimer formation in UV-irradiated skin tissue that was prevented with sunscreen pretreatment. These results demonstrate that the StrataTest® human skin model is broadly applicable to a wide range of in vitro toxicological assays.
Rasmussen
Cathy
C
Stratatech Corporation, 505 S. Rosa Rd. Madison, WI 53719, USA.
Gratz
Ken
K
Liebel
Frank
F
Southall
Michael
M
Garay
Michelle
M
Bhattacharyya
Surjya
S
Simon
Nick
N
Vander Zanden
Marie
M
Van Winkle
Kelly
K
Pirnstill
John
J
Pirnstill
Sara
S
Comer
Allen
A
Allen-Hoffmann
B Lynn
BL
D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives / Q000379:methods; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D010126:Ozone / Q000633:toxicity; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012034:Refrigeration; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D010126:Ozone