title: ABCD matrix for apertured spherical waves.
abstract: An ABCD matrix for describing the hard aperture under a large Fresnel number is defined in this Technical Note based on Li and Wolf's formula. It is useful for analyzing focal shifts of complicated optical systems with hard apertures.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bernabeu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alda