title: Factors influencing cellulosome activity in consolidated bioprocessing of cellulosic ethanol.
abstract: The cellulosome, a multi-subunit protein complex catalyzing cellulose degradation in cellulolytic Clostridium thermocellum, plays a crucial role in Consolidated Bioprocessing (CBP) of lignocellulose into ethanol. Here, activity of cellulosome was tested under varying concentrations of chemical compounds derived from lignocellulose pretreatment and fermentation. We found that, firstly, the cellulolytic activity of cellulosome was actually promoted by formate, acetate and lactate; secondly, cellulosome was tolerant up to 5mM furfural, 50mM p-hydroxybenzoic acid and 1mM catechol. Furthermore, the cellulosome exhibited higher ethanol tolerance and thermostability than commercialized fungal (Trichoderma reesei) cellulase. To probe the implication of these unique enzyme-features, C. thermocellum JYT01 was cultured under conditions optimal for cellulosome activity. This CBP system yielded 491 mM ethanol, the highest level reported thus far for C. thermocellum monocultures. These findings demonstrate the potential advantages of bacterial cellulosome, and provide a novel strategy for design, selection and optimization of the cellulosome-ethanologen partnership.
authors.affiliation: Qingdao Institute of BioEnergy and BioProcess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 189 Songling Rd., Qingdao, Shandong 266101, PR China.
authors.forename: Chenggang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yudong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuetong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Houhui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000838:Anions / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D002480:Cellulase / Q000378:metabolism; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D044603:Cellulosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D048013:Acetivibrio thermocellus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004795:Enzyme Stability / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D013696:Temperature; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D010636:Phenols; D000431:Ethanol; D002482:Cellulose; D005662:Furaldehyde; D002480:Cellulase