title: AT(1) receptor Gαq protein-independent signalling transcriptionally activates only a few genes directly, but robustly potentiates gene regulation from the β2-adrenergic receptor.
abstract: The angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT(1)R) is known to signal through heterotrimeric G proteins, and Gαq protein-independent signalling has only recently gained appreciation for profound impact on a diverse range of biological functions. β-Arrestins, among other central mediators of Gαq protein-independent signalling from the AT(1)R interact with transcriptional regulators and promote phosphorylation of nuclear proteins. However, the relative contribution of Gαq protein-independent signalling in AT(1)R mediated transcriptional regulation remains elusive. We here present a comprehensive comparative analysis of Gαq protein-dependent and -independent regulation of AT(1)R mediated gene expression. We found angiotensin II to regulate 212 genes, whereas Gαq-independent signalling obtained with the biased agonist, SII angiotensin II only regulated few genes. Interestingly, SII angiotensin II, like Ang II vastly potentiated β2-adrenergic receptor-stimulated gene expression. These novel findings indicate that the Gαq protein-independent signalling mainly modifies the transcriptional response governed by other signalling pathways, while direct induction of gene expression by the AT(1)R is dependent on classical Gαq protein activation.
authors: Laboratory for Molecular Cardiology, Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3b, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors: Gitte L
authors: GL
authors: Christensen
authors: Steen
authors: S
authors: Knudsen
authors: Mikael
authors: M
authors: Schneider
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Aplin
authors: Steen
authors: S
authors: Gammeltoft
authors: Søren P
authors: SP
authors: Sheikh
authors: Jakob L
authors: JL
authors: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000804:Angiotensin II; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11