title: The effect of vestibular stimulation in a four-hour sleep phase advance model of transient insomnia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if vestibular stimulation is an effective therapy for transient insomnia in a sleep phase advance model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multi-site, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, sham-controlled trial
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out at 6 sites in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  198 healthy normal sleepers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral electrical stimulation of the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear via electrodes on the skin of the mastoid process at a frequency of 0.5 Hz vs. sham stimulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not find a significant effect of treatment on our primary outcome variable, latency to persistent sleep onset (LPS). However, our planned analysis identified that the mean latency to sleep onset on the multiple sleep latency test was a significant covariate. This led us to carry out post hoc analyses, which showed a significant effect of treatment on LPS in those subjects with a mean MSLT sleep onset latency > or = 14 minutes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vestibular stimulation did not have a therapeutic effect in a model of transient insomnia in the overall population studied. However, this study provides preliminary evidence that vestibular stimulation may shorten sleep onset latency compared with sham therapy in the subset of subjects with mean MSLT sleep onset latency > or = 14 minutes.
authors: Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA. kryst001@mc.duke.edu
authors: Andrew D
authors: AD
authors: Krystal
authors: Gary K
authors: GK
authors: Zammit
authors: James K
authors: JK
authors: Wyatt
authors: Stuart F
authors: SF
authors: Quan
authors: Jack D
authors: JD
authors: Edinger
authors: David P
authors: DP
authors: White
authors: Richard P
authors: RP
authors: Chiacchierini
authors: Atul
authors: A
authors: Malhotra
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007699:Kinesthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017286:Polysomnography; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D055865:Sleep Phase Chronotherapy; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000503:physiopathology*