title: [German gynecologist and obstetrician Christian Gerhard Leopold (1846-1911)].
abstract: Christian Gerhard Leopold was one of the most important gynecologists and obstetricians at the end of the 19th century. He is mainly remembered for the eponymous "Leopold's grips" (Leopold-Handgriffe) which are used to determine the position of the fetus within the uterus. He was a student of Carl Siegmund Franz Credé, taught midwifery at the Frauenklinik in Leipzig, and was appointed as an associate professor at Leipzig University in 1883. Afterwards, he succeeded Franz von Winckel as the director of the Royal Gynecological Infirmary in Dresden. In the journal "Archiv für Gynäkologie" he published the four classic "Leopold's grips". A third grip or maneuver known as "Pawlik's grip" is still used by obstetricians today, though some, especially abroad, favored and recommended the two-handed approach. Leopold himself oriented strictly on the external investigation of the pregnant to reduce the danger of infection. His main domain was the prevention of the puerperal fever.
authors: Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Kästner
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Kachlík
mesh_terms: D005858:Germany; D006176:Gynecology / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000266:history*