IL-15 in HIV infection: pathogenic or therapeutic potential?
Recent studies have shown that interleukin-15 (IL-15) is produced during acute HIV and SIV infection, and may impact viremia and viral set point. This is further supported by the findings that administration of IL-15 during acute SIV infection dramatically increases viral set point. Although the role of intrinsic IL-15 during chronic infection is much less defined, in vivo administration of IL-15 does not increase viral replication in SIV-infected animals. Recent data also suggest that IL-15 acts, not only on CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells, but also on effector memory CD4+ T cells. IL-15 clearly expands very different CD4+ T cell subpopulations than IL-2 in SIV-infected animals, and may be useful for the restoration of effector memory CD4+ T cells that are depleted early in HIV and SIV infection. Understanding IL-15's role in SIV infection may help us to design novel therapeutic approaches to HIV infection.
Mueller
Yvonne M
YM
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, and Center for Immunology and Vaccine Sciences, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Katsikis
Peter D
PD
D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000502:physiology*
D019409:Interleukin-15