title: Impact of early childhood air pollution on respiratory status of school children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In previous papers we analysed the incidence of wheezing in young children living near the iron and steel factory in Călăraşi, and in a control region (Roseţi) without industrial air pollution.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Is industrial air pollution exposure during the first years of life a risk factor for the presence of asthmatic symptoms in children at school age?
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the prevalence of asthma symptoms using the ISAAC short form questionnaire for children aged 6-7 years, and measured the FEV1 and PEF in the children of both municipalities (297 children in Călăraşi, i.e. the exposed cohort, and 237 in Roseţi, i.e. the non-exposed cohort).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found an OR of 7.2 (95% CI: 3.6-14.3) for affirmative answers to at least one of ISAAC questions for children living in Călăraşi compared to the children in Roseţi. The numbers of affirmative answers to all but one of the ISAAC questions were significantly higher in Călăraşi. The main result remained robust after adjusting for a series of co-variables using multiple logistic regression analysis (OR 14.8; 95% CI: 4.8-46.1). There was a strong relation between early life wheezing and asthma symptoms at school age (OR 9.0; 95%CI: 3.4-23.5).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children, who had been living near an iron and steel factory during their early years, are still at increased risk for asthma symptoms at school age.
authors: Bdul Nicolae Titulescu No. 9, Cãlãrasi, Romania.
authors: Alexandra C
authors: AC
authors: Câra
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Degryse
authors: Marjan
authors: M
authors: van den Akker
authors: Geert-Jan
authors: GJ
authors: Dinant
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Manolovici
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Buntinx
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012383:Romania / Q000453:epidemiology; D013232:Steel; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D013232:Steel; D007501:Iron