title: Off-hours admission and mortality in two pediatric intensive care units without 24-h in-house senior staff attendance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare risk-adjusted mortality of children non-electively admitted during off-hours with risk-adjusted mortality of children admitted during office hours to two pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) without 24-h in-house attendance of senior staff.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study, performed between January 2003 and December 2007, in two PICUs without 24-h in-house attendance of senior staff, located in tertiary referral children's hospitals in the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized mortality rates (SMRs) of patients admitted during off-hours were compared to SMRs of patients admitted during office hours using Pediatric Index of Mortality (PIM1) and Pediatric Risk of Mortality (PRISM2) scores. Office hours were defined as week days between 8:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m., with in-house attendance of senior staff, and off-hours as week days between 6:00 p.m. and 8:00 a.m., Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays, with one resident covering the PICU and senior staff directly available on-call.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 3,212 non-elective patients admitted to the PICUs, 2,122 (66%) were admitted during off-hours. SMRs calculated according to PIM1 and PRISM2 did not show a significant difference with those of patients admitted during office hours. There was no significant effect of admission time on mortality in multivariate logistic regression with odds ratios of death in off-hours of 0.95 (PIM1, 95% CI 0.71-1.27, p = 0.73) and 1.03 (PRISM2, 95% CI 0.76-1.39, p = 0.82).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Off-hours admission to our PICUs without 24-h in-house attendance of senior staff was not associated with higher SMRs than admission during office hours when senior staff were available in-house.
authors: Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors: Babette
authors: B
authors: Peeters
authors: Nicolaas J G
authors: NJ
authors: Jansen
authors: Casper W
authors: CW
authors: Bollen
authors: Adrianus J
authors: AJ
authors: van Vught
authors: Douwe
authors: D
authors: van der Heide
authors: Marcel J I J
authors: MJ
authors: Albers
mesh_terms: D039602:After-Hours Care; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010343:Patient Admission; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling; D011446:Prospective Studies