title: Consolidation of an olfactory memory trace in the olfactory bulb is required for learning-induced survival of adult-born neurons and long-term memory.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has recently been proposed that adult-born neurons in the olfactory bulb, whose survival is modulated by learning, support long-term olfactory memory. However, the mechanism used to select which adult-born neurons following learning will participate in the long-term retention of olfactory information is unknown. We addressed this question by investigating the effect of bulbar consolidation of olfactory learning on memory and neurogenesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initially, we used a behavioral ecological approach using adult mice to assess the impact of consolidation on neurogenesis. Using learning paradigms in which consolidation time was varied, we showed that a spaced (across days), but not a massed (within day), learning paradigm increased survival of adult-born neurons and allowed long-term retention of the task. Subsequently, we used a pharmacological approach to block consolidation in the olfactory bulb, consisting in intrabulbar infusion of the protein synthesis inhibitor anisomycin, and found impaired learning and no increase in neurogenesis, while basic olfactory processing and the basal rate of adult-born neuron survival remained unaffected. Taken together these data indicate that survival of adult-born neurons during learning depends on consolidation processes taking place in the olfactory bulb.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We can thus propose a model in which consolidation processes in the olfactory bulb determine both survival of adult-born neurons and long-term olfactory memory. The finding that adult-born neuron survival during olfactory learning is governed by consolidation in the olfactory bulb strongly argues in favor of a role for bulbar adult-born neurons in supporting olfactory memory.
authors: Université Lyon 1, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5020 Neurosciences Sensorielles, Comportement, Cognition, Lyon, France. fkermen@olfac.univ-lyon1.fr
authors: Florence
authors: F
authors: Kermen
authors: Sébastien
authors: S
authors: Sultan
authors: Joëlle
authors: J
authors: Sacquet
authors: Nathalie
authors: N
authors: Mandairon
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Didier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002470:Cell Survival; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D013997:Time Factors