N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids early supplementation improves ultrasound indices of endothelial function, but not through NO inhibitors in patients with acute myocardial infarction: N-3 PUFA supplementation in acute myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE
Our aim was to evaluate early initiated one month n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation effects on ultrasound indices of endothelial function and serum asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).


METHODS
Forty patients with AMI and successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were recruited into the study and randomized to the study group (group P; n = 20; standard therapy + n-3 PUFA 1 g daily) or the control group (group C; n = 20; standard therapy). Ultrasound indices of endothelial function: flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), nitroglycerin-mediated dilatation (NMD) and serum ADMA concentrations (ELISA) were obtained before and after one month (30 ± 1 days) therapy (presented as means ± standard deviations).


RESULTS
There was a significant difference between both groups in mean delta (baseline/after one month) FMD (P: 8.1 ± 12.6% vs C: -2.2 ± 11.8%; p = 0.02) with no difference in mean delta NMD (P: 3.3 ± 11.9% vs 0.66 ± 14.3%; p = 0.53). We found also a significant increase in mean FMD (7.4 ± 6.4 to 15.5 ± 10.5%; p = 0.02) with a nonsignificant change in mean NMD values (26.9 ± 12.1 to 30.2 ± 14.0%; p = 0.24) after 1-month therapy with n-3 PUFA. FMD and NMD mean values did not change in control patients (FMD: 11.6 ± 6.1% to 9.4 ± 8.0%; p = 0.5 NMD: 25.1 ± 11.4% to 25.8 ± 14.0%; p = 0.84). The comparison of mean delta ADMA values for both groups revealed no differences (P: 6.2 ± 9.7 μmol/l vs C: 3.6 ± 9.5 μmol/l; p = 0.43). Mean serum ADMA concentrations were significantly increased after 1-month therapy in the group P (P: 2.1 ± 1.8 to 8.3 ± 9.7 μmol/l; p = 0.001; C: 4.5 ± 7.1 to 8.1 ± 9.5 μmol/l; p = 0.09). However, there was a nonsignificant difference in mean baseline serum ADMA levels between both groups (P: 2.1 ± 1.8 μmol/l vs C: 4.5 ± 7.1 μmol/l; p = 0.32). There were no significant correlations between FMD, NMD, ADMA levels and demographic, clinical or biochemical parameters.


CONCLUSIONS
Early and short-term n-3 PUFA supplementation improved ultrasound indices of endothelial function without affecting serum ADMA levels in patients with AMI and successful primary PCI.
Haberka
Maciej
M
Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Silesia, Ziołowa 45/47, 40-635 Katowice, Poland. mhaberka@op.pl
Mizia-Stec
Katarzyna
K
Mizia
Magdalena
M
Janowska
Joanna
J
Gieszczyk
Klaudia
K
Chmiel
Artur
A
Zahorska-Markiewicz
Barbara
B
Gąsior
Zbigniew
Z
D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine