title: Increased cysteinyl-leukotrienes and 8-isoprostane in exhaled breath condensate from systemic sclerosis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  SSc is a systemic CTD characterized by fibrosis in skin and internal organs. Interstitial lung disease is a frequent complication with fibrosis in the lung parenchyma. The fibrotic process is believed to be influenced by leukotrienes (LTs) and also by oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate the amount of LTs and 8-isoprostane, a marker of oxidative stress, in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) from SSc patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two SSc patients with median disease duration of 2.1 years were investigated. Fifteen patients had lcSSc, four patients had dcSSc and three patients only fulfilled criteria for limited SSc. Sixteen healthy controls were enrolled. Cysteinyl-LTs (CysLTs), LTB4 and 8-isoprostane were measured in EBC with EIA and related to the radiologic extent of pulmonary fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with controls, SSc patients displayed higher median (interquartile range) CysLT [6.1 (5.3-6.8) vs 4.9 (3.7-6.3) pg/ml; P=0.040], 8-isoprostane [0.23 (0.20-0.46) vs 0.19 (0.12-0.20) pg/ml; P=0.0020], but similar levels of LTB4 [0.70 (0.50-0.83) vs 0.60 (0.42-0.70) pg/ml]. CysLT correlated to LTB4, while 8-isoprostane did not correlate to any of the LTs. None of the biomarkers measured in EBC correlated to radiologic findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased levels of CysLT and 8-isoprostane in EBC from patients with SSc reflect the inflammatory pattern involving LTs as well as oxidative stress. These findings may indicate a possible non-invasive assessment of pulmonary involvement in SSc with a potential value for assessment of disease progress and therapy evaluation.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Division of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, BMC, D12, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden. ellen.tufvesson@med.lu.se
authors: Ellen
authors: E
authors: Tufvesson
authors: Gracijela
authors: G
authors: Bozovic
authors: Roger
authors: R
authors: Hesselstrand
authors: Leif
authors: L
authors: Bjermer
authors: Agneta
authors: A
authors: Scheja
authors: Dirk M
authors: DM
authors: Wuttge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001944:Breath Tests; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D045853:Exhalation / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D028421:Isoprostanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D028421:Isoprostanes; D015289:Leukotrienes; C112381:cysteinyl-leukotriene; D003545:Cysteine