The effect of daily-activity patterns on crash involvement.
The main purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of daily-activity and travel patterns on the risk of crash involvement. To this end, we develop a model that integrates daily-activity and travel choices in a single framework, recognizing that these variables affect the risk of crashes. This model can therefore provide predictions of the expected changes in risk levels from the implementation of measures that affect the daily-activity patterns and the socio-economic characteristics of the population. The empirical analysis makes use of data collected during a household survey that includes crash information and trip diaries. The model is applied in a case study of an Arab town in Israel to analyze various transportation policies. The results of this research show that in addition to individuals' demographic and socio-economic characteristics, their daily-activity and travel patterns also have an impact on the risk of being involved in car crashes. The case study showed the potential of this framework for analyzing the effect of various social and transportation policies on road safety. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time such relationships have been tested by using a disaggregate model and the first time activity-based models have been used to analyze exposure to the risk of road crashes.
Elias
Wafa
W
Transportation Research Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel.
Toledo
Tomer
T
Shiftan
Yoram
Y
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018912:Arabs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003625:Data Collection; D004522:Educational Status; D004779:Environment Design / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008004:Licensure / Q000639:trends; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011640:Public Policy / Q000639:trends; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D012449:Safety / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012737:Sex Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014195:Travel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D055815:Young Adult