Safety of proton pump inhibitor exposure.
Proton pump (H(+)/K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase) inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used to treat patients with acid-related disorders because they are generally perceived to be safe and effective. However, as with any pharmacologic agent, they have the potential for side effects. Many studies have examined the side effects of long-term or short-term PPI exposure. We review the mechanism of action of PPIs, focusing on recently released products that might have greater risks of adverse effects than older products because of increased potency and/or duration of action. We summarize the data available on the putative adverse effects of PPI therapy and propose guidelines for clinicians who prescribe these agents to limit the potential for adverse outcomes in users of these effective therapeutic agents.
Yang
Yu-Xiao
YX
Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. yangy@mail.med.upenn.edu
Metz
David C
DC
D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000378:metabolism
D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D007501:Iron; D008274:Magnesium; D013988:Ticlopidine; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D002118:Calcium