title: Is tonic sympathetic vasoconstriction increased in the skeletal muscle vasculature of aged canines?
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that tonic adrenergic and nonadrenergic receptor-mediated sympathetic vasoconstriction would increase at rest and during exercise with advancing age. Young (n = 6; 22 ± 1 mo; means ± SE) and old (n = 6; 118 ± 9 mo) beagles were studied. Selective antagonists for alpha-1, alpha-2, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and purinergic (P(2x)) receptors were infused at rest and during treadmill running at 2.5 mph and 4 mph with 2.5% grade. Prazosin produced similar increases in vascular conductance in young and old beagles at rest (Young: 158 ± 34%; Old: 98 ± 19%) and during exercise at 2.5 mph (Young: 80 ± 10%; Old: 58 ± 12%) and 4 mph and 2.5% grade (Young: 57 ± 5%; Old: 26 ± 4%). Rauwolscine caused similar (P > 0.05) increases in vascular conductance in old compared with young dogs at rest (Young: 119 ± 25%; Old: 64 ± 22%) and at 2.5 mph (Young: 86 ± 13%; Old: 60 ± 7%) and 4 mph with 2.5% grade (Young: 61 ± 5%; Old: 43 ± 7%). N2-(diphenylacetyl)-N-[4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-d-arginine amide (BIBP) caused a smaller increase (P < 0.05) in vascular conductance in old compared with young dogs at rest (Young: 179 ± 44%; Old: 91 ± 22%), whereas similar increases (P > 0.05) of experimental limb vascular conductance in young and old dogs occurred following BIBP during exercise at 2.5 mph (Young: 56 ± 16%; Old: 50 ± 12%) and 4 mph and 2.5% grade (Young: 45 ± 10%; Old: 25 ± 7%). Pyridoxal-phosphate-6-azophenyl-2'-4'-disulfonic acid infusion produced a larger increase in vascular conductance in old compared with young beagles at rest (Young: 88 ± 14%; Old: 191 ± 58%), whereas similar increases were observed at 2.5 mph (Young: 47 ± 18%; Old: 31 ± 11%) and 4 mph with 2.5% grade (Young: 26 ± 13%; Old: -18 ± 8%). At rest, NPY receptor-mediated restraint of skeletal muscle blood flow was reduced with advancing age, whereas P(2x) receptor-mediated restraint of skeletal muscle blood flow was increased. During exercise, the magnitude of adrenergic and nonadrenergic sympathetic vasoconstriction was not different between young and old dogs. Overall, these data demonstrate that adrenergic receptor-mediated vasoconstriction was not elevated at rest, but nonadrenergic sympathetic vasoconstriction was altered under basal conditions in aged beagles.
authors: Faculty of Physical Education and Recreation, Univ. of Alberta, P-320-P Van Vliet Centre, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H9 Canada. darren.delorey@ualberta.ca
authors: D S
authors: DS
authors: DeLorey
authors: J B
authors: JB
authors: Buckwalter
authors: S W
authors: SW
authors: Mittelstadt
authors: M M
authors: MM
authors: Anton
authors: H A
authors: HA
authors: Kluess
authors: P S
authors: PS
authors: Clifford
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D058669:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation*; D004285:Dogs; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D005082:Physical Exertion; D058920:Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D017476:Receptors, Neuropeptide Y / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D058669:Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; D058920:Purinergic P2X Receptor Antagonists; D017476:Receptors, Neuropeptide Y; C097212:neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptor; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine