title: Anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects of tectorigenin on hepatic stellate cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of tectorigenin on proliferation and apoptosis of hepatic stellate cells (HSC)-T6 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  HSC-T6 cells were incubated with tectorigenin at different concentrations, and their proliferation was assessed by bromodeoxyuridine incorporation assay. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry assay with Hoechst 33342 staining. Also, generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), intracellular [Ca(2+)](i), potential of mitochondrial membrane, activities of cytochrome c and caspase-9 and -3 were investigated to explore a conceivable apoptotic pathway.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tectorigenin suppressed the proliferation of HSC-T6 cells and induced apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Tectorigenin at the concentration of 100 microg/mL greatly inhibited the viability of HSC-T6 cells and induced the condensation of chromatin and fragmentation of nuclei. When treated for 48 h, the percentage of cell growth and apoptosis reached 46.3% +/- 2.37% (P = 0.004) and 50.67% +/- 3.24% (P = 0.003), respectively. Furthermore, tectorigenin-induced apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells was associated with the generation of ROS, increased intracellular [Ca(2+)](i), loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, translocation of cytochrome c, and activation of caspase-9 and -3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tectorigenin inhibits proliferation of HSC-T6 cells and induces apoptosis of HSC-T6 cells.
authors: Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
authors: Jun-Hua
authors: JH
authors: Wu
authors: Yu-Rong
authors: YR
authors: Wang
authors: Wu-Yang
authors: WY
authors: Huang
authors: Ren-Xiang
authors: RX
authors: Tan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D055166:Hepatic Stellate Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007529:Isoflavones; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C120039:tectorigenin; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; C506435:Casp9 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D002118:Calcium