title: Foregut duplication cysts in the head and neck: presentation, diagnosis, and management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the presentation, diagnosis, and management of foregut duplication cysts of the head and neck in our institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  An institutional review board-approved retrospective review of all patients treated for foregut duplication cysts of the head and neck over an 18-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pediatric otolaryngology tertiary referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients with 23 pathologically confirmed foregut duplication cysts of the head and neck were identified. Fourteen patients (64%) were male. The median age at diagnosis was 1.5 years (age range, 5 days to 7 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data, including age, presenting symptoms, anatomical site(s), evaluation, treatment, and complication, were recorded and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Presentation varied depending on anatomical site of involvement, with 12 patients (55%) being asymptomatic. The cysts were found in the oral cavity (n = 12), oropharynx (n = 6), supraglottis (n = 2), and neck (n = 3). Imaging, which was performed in 13 patients and consisted of magnetic resonance imaging (n = 8), computed tomography (n = 5), and ultrasonography (n = 1), demonstrated the cystic nature of the lesions. All patients underwent surgical excision, which focused on excising the cyst, while preserving surrounding normal tissues. No patient demonstrated recurrence at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Foregut duplication cysts of the head and neck, although uncommon, should be included in the differential diagnosis of cystic head and neck lesions. Preoperative imaging is recommended to differentiate these lesions from other congenital head and neck masses. Surgical excision biopsy with complete removal of the mucosal lining is curative, with no instances of recurrence in our series.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Disorders, Children's Hospital Boston, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA. skieran@rcsi.ie
authors: Stephen M
authors: SM
authors: Kieran
authors: Caroline D
authors: CD
authors: Robson
authors: Vânia
authors: V
authors: Nosé
authors: Reza
authors: R
authors: Rahbar
mesh_terms: D001994:Bronchogenic Cyst / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002828:Choristoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D004064:Digestive System; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies