title: A protein phosphorylation-based assay for screening and monitoring of drugs modulating cyclic nucleotide pathways.
abstract: Cyclic nucleotide regulation is an important target for drug development, particularly for treatment and prophylaxis of cardiovascular diseases. Determination of cyclic nucleotide levels for screening and monitoring of cyclic nucleotide modulating drug action is necessary, yet the techniques available are cumbersome and not sufficiently accurate. Here we present an approach based on the detection of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein phosphorylation. By use of a common substrate of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases, the protein vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) featuring two phosphorylation sites specifically phosphorylated by these kinases, an assay was developed for the monitoring of intracellular cyclic nucleotide levels. The assay was tested with human platelets ex vivo treated with stimulants of nucleotide cyclases, kinases, and phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Phosphorylation of the protein VASP correlates with intracellular cyclic nucleotide concentration (R(2)>0.90 for cGMP and cAMP); however, VASP phosphorylation is more sensitive to elevated cyclic nucleotide levels and significantly more stable over time. Quantification of VASP phosphorylation offers a reliable and robust tool for fast and easy monitoring of cyclic nucleotide levels and is also applicable to unprocessed biological matrices. Owing to these properties, VASP is a promising biomarker for screening and monitoring of cyclic nucleotide modulating drugs.
authors: Institute for Clinical Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, University of Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany. j.geiger@klin-biochem.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Geiger
authors: Tobias
authors: T
authors: Brandmann
authors: Katharina
authors: K
authors: Hubertus
authors: Budy
authors: B
authors: Tjahjadi
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Schinzel
authors: Ulrich
authors: U
authors: Walter
mesh_terms: D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000201:enzymology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000098662:Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D000098662:Vasodilator-Stimulated Phosphoprotein; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP