Long Term Effects of Energy-Restricted Diets Differing in Glycemic Load on Metabolic Adaptation and Body Composition.
A randomized controlled trial of high glycemic load (HG) and low glycemic load (LG) diets with food provided for 6 months and self-administered for 6 additional months at 30% caloric restriction (CR) was performed in 29 overweight adults (mean+/-SD, age 35+/-5y; BMI 27.5+/-1.5 kg/m(2)). Total energy expenditure (TEE), resting metabolic rate (RMR), fat and fat free mass (FFM), were measured at 3, 6 and 12 months. Changes in TEE, but not changes in RMR, were greater than accounted for by the loss of FFM and fat mass (P=0.001-0.013) suggesting an adaptive response to long-term CR. There was no significant effect of diet group on change in RMR or TEE. However, in subjects who lost >5% body weight (n=26), the LG diet group had a higher percentage of weight loss as fat than the HG group (p<0.05), a finding that may have implications for dietary recommendations during weight reduction.
Das
Sai Krupa
SK
Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging at Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
Gilhooly
Cheryl H
CH
Golden
Julie K
JK
Pittas
Anastassios G
AG
Fuss
Paul J
PJ
Dallal
Gerard E
GE
McCrory
Megan A
MA
Saltzman
Edward
E
Roberts
Susan B
SB