Effect of calcium phosphate cements on growth and odontoblastic differentiation in human dental pulp cells.
OBJECTIVE
Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) are an interesting class of bone substitute materials. However, the biological effects of CPCs have not been well studied in human dental pulp cells (HDPCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CPCs on the mechanical properties, growth, and odontoblastic differentiation in HDPCs compared with Portland cement (PC) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).


METHODS
Experimental CPCs either containing chitosan (Ch-CPC) or without chitosan (CPC) were composed from the alpha-tricalcium phosphate powder. Setting time, compressive strength measurements, cell growth, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, the levels of messenger RNA for differentiation-related genes, and mineralization of the HDPCs on various cements were assessed.


RESULTS
The setting time for CPC-Ch was 7.5 minutes, which was significantly less than the 8.6 minutes for the CPC. On the seventh day of immersion, the compressive strength of CPC-CH reached 13.1 MPa, which was higher than 10.8 MPa of CPC. CPC and Ch-CPC-treated cells showed decreased cell proliferation but increased the levels of ALP activity, enhanced mineralized nodule formation, and upregulated odontoblastic markers messenger RNA including osteonectin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, dentin matrix protein-1, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein, and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), compared with untreated control. The response of CPC and CP-CPC were similar to that of PC and MTA. However, the adhesion, growth, and differentiation in Ch-CPC-treated cells were similar to that in the CPC.


CONCLUSIONS
CPC may be useful for pulp-capping applications based on its abilities to promote HDPC differentiation.
Lee
Sun-Kyung
SK
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Institute of Wonkwang Biomaterials Implant, School of Dentistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea.
Lee
Sang-Kwang
SK
Lee
Sang-Im
SI
Park
Jeong-Hui
JH
Jang
Jun-Hyeog
JH
Kim
Hae-Won
HW
Kim
Eun-Cheol
EC
D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003785:Dental Pulp Capping; D004338:Drug Combinations; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013499:Surface Properties
D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017640:Silicates; C472247:accelerated Portland cement; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D048271:Chitosan