Alterations to proteome and tissue recovery responses in fish liver caused by a short-term combination treatment with cadmium and benzo[a]pyrene.
The livers of soles (Solea senegalensis) injected with subacute doses of cadmium (Cd), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), or their combination, were screened for alterations to cytosolic protein expression patterns, complemented by cytological and histological analyses. Cadmium and B[a]P, but not combined, induced hepatocyte apoptosis and Kupfer cell hyperplasia. Proteomics, however, suggested that apoptosis was triggered through distinct pathways. Cadmium and B[a]P caused upregulation of different anti-oxidative enzymes (peroxiredoxin and glutathione peroxidase, respectively) although co-exposure impaired induction. Similarly, apoptosis was inhibited by co-exposure, to which may have contributed a synergistic upregulation of tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor, beta-actin and a lipid transport protein. The regulation factors of nine out of eleven identified proteins of different types revealed antagonistic or synergistic effects between Cd and B[a]P at the prospected doses after 24 h of exposure. The results indicate that co-exposure to Cd and B[a]P may enhance toxicity by impairing specific responses and not through cumulative damage.
Costa
P M
PM
IMAR-Instituto do Mar, Departamento de Ciências e Engenharia do Ambiente, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Monte de Caparica, Portugal. pmcosta@fct.unl.pt
Chicano-Gálvez
E
E
López Barea
J
J
DelValls
T A
TA
Costa
M H
MH
D000818:Animals; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000633:toxicity*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005412:Flatfishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
D029941:Fish Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene