[Mesenchymal stem cells for bone tissue engineering].
Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) represent an attractive option for cell replacement strategies (tissue engineering, TE). TE applications require stability of a stem cell/biomaterial-hybrid via cell migration, matrix-remodelling and differentiation. We focus on these mechanisms in organotypic culture systems for bone TE using MSC from the umbilical cord (UC-MSC) and from bone marrow (BM-MSC). For the organotypic differentiation of MSC into functional osteoblasts, MSC were embedded in a collagenous matrix and subjected to osteogenic differentiation. Under these culture conditions, UC-MSC exceeded BM-MSC in the expression and synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, while BM-MSC show enhanced osteogenic gene upregulation. In both cell types the biosynthetic activity was accompanied by the ultrastructural appearance of hydroxyapatite/calcium crystals. Following secretion of matrix metalloproteinases, both MSC types migrated into and colonised the collagenous matrix causing matrix strengthening and contraction. In conclusion, MSC promise a broad therapeutical application for a variety of connective tissues requiring ECM synthesis and remodelling.
Schneider
R K
RK
Institut für Pathologie, RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen. reschneider@ukaachen.de
Neuss
S
S
Knüchel
R
R
Perez-Bouza
A
A
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010011:Osteocytes; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014496:Urachal Cyst
D001672:Biocompatible Materials