title: Redox-active radical scavenging nanomaterials.
abstract: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species play a critical role in many degenerative diseases and in aging. Nanomaterials, especially modified fullerenes and cerium oxide nanoparticles, have been shown to effectively protect mammalian cells against damage caused by increased reactive oxygen or nitrogen species, likely through their direct reaction with superoxide radical, since each of these materials has been shown to act as effective superoxide dismutase mimetics in vitro. This critical review discusses the chemistry of these nanomaterials and the context in which their radical scavenging activities have been studied in biological model systems. Current studies are focused on determining the uptake, metabolism, distribution, toxicity and fate of these nanomaterials in cell and animal model systems. Ultimately if shown to be safe, these nanomaterials have the potential to be used to reduce the damaging effects of radicals in biological systems (101 references).
authors: Applied Materials Processing and Analysis Center, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd., Engineering I, Orlando, Florida, USA.
authors: Ajay
authors: A
authors: Karakoti
authors: Sanjay
authors: S
authors: Singh
authors: Janet M
authors: JM
authors: Dowding
authors: Sudipta
authors: S
authors: Seal
authors: William T
authors: WT
authors: Self
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers