Update on botulinum toxin and dermal fillers.
OBJECTIVE
The art and science of facial rejuvenation is an ever-evolving field of medicine, as evidenced by the continual development of new surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities. Over the past 10 years, the use of botulinum toxin and dermal fillers for aesthetic purposes has risen sharply. Herein, we discuss properties of several commonly used injectable products and provide basic instruction for their use toward the goal of achieving facial rejuvenation.


RESULTS
The demand for nonsurgical injection-based facial rejuvenation products has risen enormously in recent years. Used independently or concurrently, botulinum toxin and dermal filler agents offer an affordable, minimally invasive approach to facial rejuvenation.


CONCLUSIONS
Botulinum toxin and dermal fillers can be used to diminish facial rhytides, restore facial volume, and sculpt facial contours, thereby achieving an aesthetically pleasing, youthful facial appearance.
Berbos
Zachary J
ZJ
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Lipham
William J
WJ
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging; D055682:Viscoelastic Substances / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D055682:Viscoelastic Substances; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A