title: Calcinosis cutis complicated by compartment syndrome following extravasation of calcium gluconate in a neonate: a case report.
abstract: Hypocalcemia most frequently occurs in premature neonates. It is usually treated by intravenous (iv) calcium supplementation. However, complications caused by extravasation of iv calcium gluconate include localized soft tissue calcification, necrosis, cellulitis, osteomyelitis, and even compartment syndrome. We present a rare case of iatrogenic calcinosis cutis complicated by compartment syndrome secondary to extravasation of iv calcium gluconate in a neonate. Emergent fasciotomy was performed twice for decompression of compartment syndrome. Histologic findings revealed necrosis and calcification. Appropriate antibiotics were administered to control secondary infection. To the best of our knowledge, there were no previous case reports of calcinosis cutis with compartment syndrome in infants. Although iatrogenic calcinosis cutis is generally a benign entity, the early recognition of the presentation of extravasation of calcium gluconate is important to avoid severe complications and possible medical malpractice disputes. This report aims to raise doctors' awareness of the presentation, course, and management of this relatively rare iatrogenic complication.
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Keelung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Keelung, Taiwan.
authors: Tuo-Kang
authors: TK
authors: Chen
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Keelung Hospital, Department of Health, Executive Yuan, Keelung, Taiwan. Electronic address: kln0424@mail.kln.doh.gov.tw.
authors: Chueh-Yuan
authors: CY
authors: Yang
authors: Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Shu-Jen
authors: SJ
authors: Chen
mesh_terms: D002114:Calcinosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases; D008297:Male; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D002125:Calcium Gluconate