title: [Distribution and expression of TGF-ß2 in the capsule of children with developmental dysplasia of the hip].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the distribution and expression of transforming growth factor-ß₂ (TGF-ß₂) in the hip capsule of children with developmental dysplasia (dislocation) of the hip (DDH) and non-DDH children in order to investigate the roles of TGF-ß₂ in hip joint laxity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight children with DDH and eight age- and gender-matched non-DDH children (control group) were enrolled. The immunohistochemical technique (S-P method) was used to examine the distribution and content of TGF-ß₂ in the hip capsule. Semiquantitative RT-PCR method was used to detect mRNA expression of TGF-ß₂ in the hip capsule. The quantitative analysis of TGF-ß₂ was performed by professional image software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A high expression of TGF-ß₂ was observed in the synovial layer with fibroblast regularly arranged parallel to the joint surface. There was decreased expression of TGF-ß₂ in the fibrous layer of the capsule. The percentage of positive fibroblasts and the gray-scale density in the fibrous layer in the DDH group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). TGF-ß₂ mRNA expression in the DDH group decreased compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decreased TGF-ß₂ in distribution, content and mRNA expression in the hip capsule might contribute to hip joint laxity in children with DDH.
authors: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang 110004, China.
authors: Li-Wei
authors: LW
authors: Shi
authors: Qun
authors: Q
authors: Zhao
authors: Li-Jun
authors: LJ
authors: Zhang
authors: Lian-Yong
authors: LY
authors: Li
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Gao
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006618:Hip Dislocation, Congenital / Q000378:metabolism*; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2