title: Disability status at 1 month is a reliable proxy for final ischemic stroke outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Three months is the standard timepoint for assessing final functional status after acute ischemic stroke in phase 3 clinical trials. Earlier reliable timepoints for outcome ascertainment would facilitate care quality improvement programs that employ administrative datasets and reduce the loss to follow-up observed in many stroke clinical trials. We assessed whether day 30 global disability status reliably predicts final 3-month disability outcome among acute stroke patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data of 5,997 subjects in acute stroke trials conducted between 1998 and 2006 from the Virtual International Stroke Trials Archive dataset were partitioned into a derivation cohort (n = 4,051) and a validation cohort (n = 1,946). Global disability was assessed with modified Rankin Scale (mRS). To evaluate the association of day 30 vs day 90 mRS, weighted kappa agreement was computed and then adjusted using multivariable ordinal logistic modeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, mean age was 67.6 +/- 12.4 years; 2,541 (45.2%) were women. Day 30 mRS score correlated strongly with day 90 (r = 0.87, p < 0.001); weighted kappa agreement was 0.86 (95% confidence interval 0.85-0.87, p < 0.001). In multivariable logistic regression analysis, day 30 mRS was the dominant variable associated with day 90 mRS, accounting for 65.6% of the variance. Nine other baseline variables were associated with outcome, but collectively explained only an additional 1.8% of the variance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After an index ischemic stroke, global disability status at 1 month reliably estimates final 3-month disability outcomes. One-month disability status alone may be dependable and efficient as an outcome measure in stroke quality improvement programs and select clinical trials.
authors: Stroke Center and Department of Neurology, University of California at Los Angeles, 710 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. Ovibes@mednet.ucla.edu
authors: Bruce
authors: B
authors: Ovbiagele
authors: Patrick D
authors: PD
authors: Lyden
authors: Jeffrey L
authors: JL
authors: Saver
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D055815:Young Adult