title: Incidence of elevation of cardiac troponin I prior to and following routine general anaesthesia in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence of raised cTnI after general anaesthesia in dogs and to explore major risk factors influencing this.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical study. Animals A total of 107 (ASA physical status 1-2) dogs, 63% male and 37% female, median age 5 years (range 0.3-13.4), median weight 24.4 kg (range 4.2-66.5 kg) undergoing anaesthesia for clinical purposes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Venous blood samples were taken within 24 hours prior to induction and 24 hours after the termination of anaesthesia. Serum concentrations of cardiac troponin I were measured using a chemiluminescent enzyme immunometric assay with a lower level of detection of 0.20 ng mL(-1) (below this level <0.20 ng mL(-1)). Continuous data were assessed graphically for normality and paired and unpaired data compared with the Wilcoxon signed ranks and Mann-Whitney U-tests respectively. Categorical data were compared with the Chi squared or Fisher's exact test as appropriate (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 107 dogs recruited, 100 had pre- and post-anaesthetic cTnI measured. The median pre-anaesthesia cTnI was '<0.20' ng mL(-1) (range '<0.20'-0.43 ng mL(-1)) and the median increase from pre-anaesthesia level was 0.00 ng mL(-1) (range -0.12 to 0.61 ng mL(-1)). Fourteen dogs had increased cTnI after anaesthesia relative to pre-anaesthesia (14%, 95% CI 7.2-20.8%, range of increase 0.03-0.61 ng mL(-1)). Six animals had cTnI levels that decreased (range 0.02-0.12 ng mL(-1)). Older dogs were more likely to have increased cTnI prior to anaesthesia (OR = 5.32, 95% CI 1.35-21.0, p = 0.007) and dogs 8 years and over were 3.6 times as likely to have an increased cTnI after anaesthesia (95% CI 1.1-12.4, p = 0.028).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased cTnI after anaesthesia relative to pre-anaesthesia levels was observed in a number of apparently healthy dogs undergoing routine anaesthesia.
authors: Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Herts, UK. fcilli@rvc.ac.uk
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Cilli
authors: Hatim I K
authors: HI
authors: Alibhai
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Armitage-Chan
authors: Adrian
authors: A
authors: Boswood
authors: Richard A
authors: RA
authors: Hammond
authors: Shailen
authors: S
authors: Jasani
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: Brodbelt
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I