title: The addition of pravastatin to chemotherapy in advanced gastric carcinoma: a randomised phase II trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Statins have for long been considered to play a potential role in anticancer treatment based upon their ability to inhibit the mevalonate synthesis pathway. This randomised phase II trial compared the efficacy and safety of pravastatin added to epirubicin, cisplatin and capecitabine (ECC versus ECC+P) in patients with advanced gastric carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomised to receive up to six cycles of 3-weekly ECC with or without pravastatin (40 mg, once daily from day 1 of the first cycle until day 21 of the last cycle). Primary end-point was progression-free rate at 6 months (PFR(6 months)). Secondary end-points were response rate (RR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and safety. For early termination in case of futility, a two-stage design was applied (P(0) = 50%; P(1) = 70%; α = 0.05; β = 0.10).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients were enrolled. PFR(6 months) was 6/14 patients (42.8%) in the ECC+P arm, and 7/15 patients (46.7%) in the control arm, and therefore the study was terminated after the first stage. In the ECC and ECC+P arm, RR was 7/15 (46.7%) and 5/15 (33.3%), median PFS was 5 and 6 months and median OS was 6 and 8 months, respectively. Toxicity data showed no significant differences, although there was a trend towards more gastrointestinal side-effects such as diarrhoea and stomatitis in the ECC+P arm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this randomised phase II trial the addition of pravastatin to ECC did not improve outcome in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Therefore, further testing of this combination in a randomised phase III trial cannot be recommended.
authors: Erasmus University Medical Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. i.konings@erasmusmc.nl
authors: Inge R H M
authors: IR
authors: Konings
authors: A
authors: A
authors: van der Gaast
authors: Lidemarie J
authors: LJ
authors: van der Wijk
authors: Felix E
authors: FE
authors: de Jongh
authors: Ferry A L M
authors: FA
authors: Eskens
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Sleijfer
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D015251:Epirubicin; D000069287:Capecitabine; D017035:Pravastatin; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil