title: Leptomeningeal collateral and cerebral hemodynamics in patients with ICA and MCA steno-occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to evaluate the correlation between fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images of hyperintense vessel (HV), a representative of leptomeningeal vessels (LMVs), and cerebral vascular hemodynamic status in patients with steno-occlusive disease of the internal carotid artery (ICA) and middle cerebral artery (MCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-eight patients with unilateral ICA or MCA stenosis or occlusion were enrolled. Correlations between hyperintense vessel (HV) on FLAIR images and hemodynamic status measured by quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography data were evaluated in four groups: affected (A) and non-affected (B) hemispheres in HV-positive patients, and affected (C) and non-affected (D) hemispheres in HV-negative patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of HV was most frequently seen on affected hemispheres in patients with MCA and ICA occlusions. HV was significantly higher in the anterior communicating artery (AcomA) (-), posterior communicating artery (PcomA) (-) group than in other groups, which included either or both AcomA and PcomA (P = 0.008). The presence of HV had a significant correlation with transdural anastomosis (P = 0.046) and LMV (P = 1.64×10(-9)). No significant difference was observed in resting regional cerebral blood flow among the four groups. Vascular reserve in group A was significantly less compared to other groups (P = 0·021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HV is related to the hemisphere with severe ICA and MCA steno-occlusion when the circle of Willis is insufficient. The HV-positive hemisphere on the steno-occlusive side shows a lower vascular reserve than that in the contralateral hemisphere or HV-negative hemispheres.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan. m996kawa@cc.saga-u.ac.jp
authors: Masatou
authors: M
authors: Kawashima
authors: Tomoyuki
authors: T
authors: Noguchi
authors: Yusuke
authors: Y
authors: Yakushiji
authors: Yukinori
authors: Y
authors: Takase
authors: Toshio
authors: T
authors: Matsushima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008578:Meninges / Q000098:blood supply*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020768:Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods