title: Effects of sesquiterpenes isolated from largehead atractylodes rhizome on growth, migration, and differentiation of B16 melanoma cells.
abstract: The aims of this study were to isolate sesquiterpene compounds from the largehead atractylodes rhizome (LAR) and to investigate their effects on B16 cancer cells. A total of 8 sesquiterpenes from LAR were identified, of which eudesm-4 (15), 7-diene-9α, 11-diol (7) was isolated for the first time. All 8 compounds inhibited growth of B16 cells, and atractylenolide I (AT-I), atractylenolide II (AT-II), and atractylenolactam (ATR) were the most potent, with IC(50) values of 76.46, 84.02, and 54.88 μΜ, respectively. Monomer lactone or lactam structures in the 8 compounds appeared to be critical for their antiproliferative activities. In addition, AT-I, AT-II, and ATR could induce cell differentiation and inhibit cell migration. Western blot analysis indicated that 2 of the compounds, AT-I and AT-II, could inactivate ERK, where all 3 inhibited AKT activation, suggesting that Ras/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways are involved in the action mechanisms of the LAR sesquiterpene compounds.
authors: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhangjiang, Shanghai, China.
authors: Yan Ye
authors: Gui-Xin
authors: GX
authors: Chou
authors: Hui Wang
authors: Jian-Hong
authors: JH
authors: Chu
authors: Wang-fun
authors: WF
authors: Fong
authors: Zhi-Ling
authors: ZL
authors: Yu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031174:Atractylodes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D007769:Lactams / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D028321:Plant Preparations; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007769:Lactams; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D028321:Plant Preparations; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C424804:atractylenolide I; C458582:atractylenolide II; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases