title: Atlas of fluorescein angiographic findings in eyes undergoing laser for retinopathy of prematurity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to examine the clinical features of severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) using fluorescein angiography (FA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series of eyes with severe acute-phase ROP that underwent FA at the time of laser photocoagulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 22 eyes of 11 infants that developed ROP stage 3 in zone 1 with plus disease, 8 eyes of 4 infants classified as ROP stage 3 in zone 1 without plus disease, and 21 eyes of 11 infants that developed ROP stage 3 in zone 2 with plus disease. All eyes underwent laser photocoagulation. A total of 51 sets of digital images including FA were obtained immediately before treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  RetCam (Clarity, Pleasanton, CA) fundus images and video digital FAs were performed under general anesthesia right before laser treatment. A 10% solution of fluorescein was intravenously administered as a bolus at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg, followed by an isotonic saline flush.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fluorescein angiograms were examined retrospectively to catalog different retinal and choroidal findings
  
  
  RESULTS
  In eyes with severe ROP, FA clearly shows extreme variability in both retinal circulation and choroidal filling pattern. Different patterns of vessels branching at the junction between vascular and avascular retina (V-Av junction) are noted. Posterior to the V-Av junction, hypoperfused retinal areas with or without hyperfluorescent "cotton-wool-like" or "popcorn-like" lesions due to dye leakage are documented by FA. Focal dilatation of capillaries, capillary tufts formations, and rosary-bead-like hyperfluorescent lesions inside the vessels were seen; sometimes all 3 are noted. Various macular abnormalities are noted including absence of foveal avascular area and significant exudative component.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluorescein angiography was useful to distinguish the deceptively featureless zone 1 junction between the vascularized and nonvascularized retina. Further studies are needed to understand the role of vascular abnormalities observed in zone 1 vascularized retina.
authors: Department Ophthalmology and Dept Anesthesiology, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
authors: Domenico
authors: D
authors: Lepore
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Molle
authors: Monica M
authors: MM
authors: Pagliara
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Baldascino
authors: Carmine
authors: C
authors: Angora
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Sammartino
authors: Graham E
authors: GE
authors: Quinn
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies