Intrauterine growth restriction and postnatal high-protein diet affect the kidneys in adult rats.
OBJECTIVE
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease in adulthood. Postnatal overnutrition after IUGR may be of pathogenic importance for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This study was to identify the effects of IUGR and a postnatal high-protein diet on the kidneys in adult rats.


METHODS
Intrauterine growth restriction was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by isocaloric protein restriction in pregnant dams. IUGR pups were divided into two groups that were a standard-protein diet (IUGR group) or a high-protein diet (HP group). A comparative proteomic method was used to study the differences of protein expression profiles between normal adult rats and adult rats with IUGR and the effects of a postnatal high-protein diet on the protein expression profiles of the kidneys.


RESULTS
The IUGR adults had higher urinary excretion of protein and blood pressure than controls and the HP diet caused more severe hypertension and proteinuria than IUGR itself. The differential proteomic expression analysis found 12 proteins that had significantly differential expression between the IUGR and control groups, which were transcription regulators and structural molecules. The differential proteomic expression analysis between the HP and control groups found 13 proteins that had significantly differential expression and were involved primarily in body metabolism, oxidation reduction, and apoptosis regulation.


CONCLUSIONS
An HP diet intervention after IUGR worsens the severity of hypertension and proteinuria, and this study may provide valuable experimental evidence of proteins involved in the pathogenesis of kidney disease in IUGR and the effect of postnatal overnutrition.
Shen
Qian
Q
Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Xu
Hong
H
Wei
Li-Ming
LM
Chen
Jing
J
Liu
Hai-Mei
HM
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors