title: Biochemical markers of particle induced osteolysis in C57BL/6 mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Micro-structural changes associated with ultra high molecular weight polyethylene particle (UHMWPE) induced osteolysis, the most frequent cause of aseptic loosening, have been intensively investigated in the mammalian calvarian model by histomorphometry and micro-computed tomography. However, little is known regarding the serological changes that occur during this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serological parameters for bone metabolism [calcium, phosphate, osteocalcin (OCN), deoxypyridinoline (DPD)/creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, osteoprotegerin and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB] were analyzed in this animal model for particle induced osteolysis. Ten C57BL/6 mice were divided at random into sham operated and UHM-WPE implanted groups. Blood and urine samples were collected prior to and at 14 days after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Implantation of UHMWPE lead to a significant decrease in bone volume (p=0.027). Both groups (sham/UHMWPE) showed a significant increase in calcium (p=0.004/p=0.027) and phosphate (p=0.001/p=0.001), without correlation to particle implantation. Significantly higher concentrations of DPD/creatinine (p=0.034) and OCN (p=0.022) were found after implantation of UHM-WPE. In addition, parameters could not be correlated to particle induced osteolysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DPD can be regarded as a valuable parameter for detecting UHMWPE induced osteolysis in the calvarian model. Further studies of serum parameters should focus on the clinical relevance in aseptic prosthetic loosening.
authors: Department of Trauma Surgery, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. maxdaniel.kauther@uk-essen.de
authors: Max D
authors: MD
authors: Kauther
authors: Christina
authors: C
authors: Zimmermann
authors: Hagen
authors: H
authors: Bachmann
authors: Martina
authors: M
authors: Broecker-Preuss
authors: Gero
authors: G
authors: Hilken
authors: Marius
authors: M
authors: von Knoch
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Wedemeyer
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000097:blood* / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000652:urine*; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D057234:Preoperative Period; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D013997:Time Factors; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D015415:Biomarkers; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010710:Phosphates; D053245:RANK Ligand; D015675:Osteocalcin; D020959:Polyethylene; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium