title: Chloroplasts divide by contraction of a bundle of nanofilaments consisting of polyglucan.
abstract: In chloroplast division, the plastid-dividing (PD) ring is a main structure of the PD machinery and is a universal structure in the plant kingdom. However, the components and formation of the PD ring have been enigmatic. By proteomic analysis of PD machineries isolated from Cyanidioschyzon merolae, we identified the glycosyltransferase protein plastid-dividing ring 1 (PDR1), which constructs the PD ring and is widely conserved from red alga to land plants. Electron microscopy showed that the PDR1 protein forms a ring with carbohydrates at the chloroplast-division site. Fluorometric saccharide ingredient analysis of purified PD ring filaments showed that only glucose was included, and down-regulation of PDR1 impaired chloroplast division. Thus, the chloroplasts are divided by the PD ring, which is a bundle of PDR1-mediated polyglucan filaments.
authors: Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Life Science, College of Science, Research Information Center for Extremophile, Rikkyo University, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
authors: Yamato
authors: Y
authors: Yoshida
authors: Haruko
authors: H
authors: Kuroiwa
authors: Osami
authors: O
authors: Misumi
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Yoshida
authors: Mio
authors: M
authors: Ohnuma
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Fujiwara
authors: Fumi
authors: F
authors: Yagisawa
authors: Shunsuke
authors: S
authors: Hirooka
authors: Yuuta
authors: Y
authors: Imoto
authors: Kazunobu
authors: K
authors: Matsushita
authors: Shigeyuki
authors: S
authors: Kawano
authors: Tsuneyoshi
authors: T
authors: Kuroiwa
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005936:Glucans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D040901:Proteomics; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins; D005936:Glucans; D016695:Glycosyltransferases