title: The ethics of using transgenic non-human primates to study what makes us human.
abstract: A flood of comparative genomic data is resulting in the identification of human lineage-specific (HLS) sequences. As apes are our closest evolutionary relatives, transgenic introduction of HLS sequences into these species has the greatest potential to produce 'humanized' phenotypes and also to illuminate the functions of these sequences. We argue that such transgenic apes would also be more likely than other species to experience harm from such research, which renders such studies ethically unacceptable in apes and justifies regulatory barriers between these species and other non-human primates for HLS transgenic research.
authors: Department of Psychiatry and Center for Bioethics and Humanities, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA. Marilyn.Coors@ucdenver.edu
authors: Marilyn E
authors: ME
authors: Coors
authors: Jacqueline J
authors: JJ
authors: Glover
authors: Eric T
authors: ET
authors: Juengst
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Sikela
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000941:ethics*; D005821:Genetic Techniques / Q000941:ethics*; D006801:Humans; D011323:Primates / Q000235:genetics*