title: [High expression of TCF-4 positively correlated with lung cancer progression.].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  TCF-4 is an important downstream molecule of Wnt signaling pathway, but studies on the expression level and significance of TCF-4 in lung cancer were still limited. The aim of this study is to examine the expression level of TCF-4 in lung cancer tissues and cell lines, and analyze its relationship with clinicopathologic characteristics and biological behavior of lung cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  TCF-4 expression was examined in 120 lung cancer specimens and 10 corresponding normal lung specimens using immunohistochemistry (S-P method). Immunofluorescence was used to examine the TCF-4 protein expression level and subcellular localization in lung cancer cells and HBE (human normal bronchi epithelium) cells. Expression levels of TCF-4 mRNA were examined using transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 9 lung cancer cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 120 lung cancer specimens, 96 samples showed high expression of TCF-4 (80.0%), including 37 samples showed TCF-4 expression both in cytoplasm and nuclei (30.8%),TCF-4 were not detected in 10 corresponding normal lung specimens. TCF-4 expression level was positively correlated with TNM stages (P =0.022). The fluorescence signal of TCF-4 protein was conspicuous in lung cancer cells, primarily in cell nuclei, but extremely low in HBE. TCF-4 mRNA expression levels were incompatible in different histology types, the expression level of TCF-4 was relatively high in giant cell carcinoma cells, but low in lung adencarcinoma cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High expression of TCF-4 positively correlated with lung cancer progression.
authors: Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University; Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China.
authors: Lianhe
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Hongtao
authors: H
authors: Xu
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Liu
authors: Yue
authors: Y
authors: Zhao
authors: Shundong
authors: S
authors: Dai
authors: Qiang
authors: Q
authors: Wei
authors: Yuan
authors: Y
authors: Miao
authors: Yang
authors: Y
authors: Han
authors: Zhiqiang
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: Nan
authors: N
authors: Liu
authors: Enhua
authors: E
authors: Wang