title: Foreskin management: Survey of Canadian pediatric urologists.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the approaches to foreskin management of pediatric urologists in Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  An online questionnaire comprising several survey questions and clinical vignettes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  All members of the Pediatric Urologists of Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnoses and management strategies for common foreskin conditions seen in consultation, including how many pediatric urologists perform neonatal circumcisions, patient costs, and the reasons for performing the surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 32 members surveyed, 24 (75%) responded. By far most respondents do not perform neonatal circumcisions; however, many perform circumcisions under general anesthesia for religious and cultural purposes. Typically, patient costs for circumcision range from $500 to $1000. Management of asymptomatic physiologic phimosis is very conservative, with surgeons unlikely to intervene. Neither the presence of ballooning of the foreskin during voiding nor the child's age affects physicians' tendency toward conservative management. Balanitis xerotica obliterans was the only scenario in which most respondents believed there was a need to intervene with either topical steroids or circumcision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data support the hypothesis that pediatric urologists across Canada are very similar in their conservative approach to the management of common foreskin issues. Our goal is to improve the knowledge base among primary care providers and subsequently decrease patient and family anxieties.
authors: Stollery Children's Hospital in Edmonton, Alta. pmetcalf@ualberta.ca
authors: Peter D
authors: PD
authors: Metcalfe
authors: Remon
authors: R
authors: Elyas
mesh_terms: D002170:Canada; D002944:Circumcision, Male / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D052816:Foreskin; D005832:Genital Diseases, Male / Q000601:surgery*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014572:Urology / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data