title: Prothrombotic state, cardiovascular, and metabolic syndrome risk factors in prepubertal children born large for gestational age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease risk factors in prepubertal children born large for gestational age (LGA) to nondiabetic, nonobese mothers.
  
  
  METHODS
  At 6-7 years of age, the comparison of various factors was made between 31 LGA and 34 appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) children: fibrinogen, antithrombin III, protein C and S, fasting insulin, glucose, homeostasis assessment model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index, adiponectin, leptin, visfatin, IGF-1, IGF-binding protein (IGFBP)-1, IGFBP-3, lipids, and the genetic factors V Leiden G1691A mutation, prothrombin 20210A/G polymorphism, and mutation in the enzyme 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate-reductase gene (MTHFR-C677T).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LGA children had higher levels of leptin (P<0.01), fasting insulin (P<0.01), and HOMA-IR (P<0.01), but lower IGFBP-3 (P=0.0001), fibrinogen (P=0.0001), and lipoprotein(a) (P<0.001) than AGA children. Significantly more LGA children were homozygous for the MTHFR-C677T mutation (P=0.0016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Being born LGA to nondiabetic, nonobese mothers is associated with diverse effects on cardiometabolic risk factors at prepuberty.
authors: Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Ioannina, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors: Eleni N
authors: EN
authors: Evagelidou
authors: Vasileios I
authors: VI
authors: Giapros
authors: Anna S
authors: AS
authors: Challa
authors: Vasileios K
authors: VK
authors: Cholevas
authors: Georgios A
authors: GA
authors: Vartholomatos
authors: Ekaterini C
authors: EC
authors: Siomou
authors: Nikolaos I
authors: NI
authors: Kolaitis
authors: Eleni T
authors: ET
authors: Bairaktari
authors: Styliani K
authors: SK
authors: Andronikou
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology*