The role of deubiquitinating enzymes in apoptosis.
It has become apparent that ubiquitination plays a critical role in cell survival and cell death. In addition, deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have been determined to be highly important regulators of these processes. Cells can be subjected to various stresses and respond in a variety of different ways ranging from activation of survival pathways to the promotion of cell death, which eventually eliminates damaged cells. The regulatory mechanisms of apoptosis depend on the balanced action between ubiquitination and deubiquitination systems. There is a growing recognition that DUBs play essential roles in regulating several binding partners to modulate the process of apoptosis. Thus, the interplay between the timing of DUB activity and the specificity of ubiquitin attachment and removal from its substrates during apoptosis is important to ensure cellular homeostasis. This review discusses the role of a few ubiquitin-specific DUBs that are involved in either promoting or suppressing the process of apoptosis.
Ramakrishna
Suresh
S
Department of Biomedical Science, CHA General Hospital, CHA University, 606-16 Yeoksam 1-Dong, Gangnam-Gu, Seoul, 135-081, Republic of Korea.
Suresh
Bharathi
B
Baek
Kwang-Hyun
KH
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D000067699:Ataxin-3; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D064570:Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases; D054875:Ubiquitination
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D010450:Endopeptidases; C092341:ATXN3 protein, human; D000067699:Ataxin-3; D064570:Ubiquitin-Specific Proteases