Chloroplasts divide by contraction of a bundle of nanofilaments consisting of polyglucan.
In chloroplast division, the plastid-dividing (PD) ring is a main structure of the PD machinery and is a universal structure in the plant kingdom. However, the components and formation of the PD ring have been enigmatic. By proteomic analysis of PD machineries isolated from Cyanidioschyzon merolae, we identified the glycosyltransferase protein plastid-dividing ring 1 (PDR1), which constructs the PD ring and is widely conserved from red alga to land plants. Electron microscopy showed that the PDR1 protein forms a ring with carbohydrates at the chloroplast-division site. Fluorometric saccharide ingredient analysis of purified PD ring filaments showed that only glucose was included, and down-regulation of PDR1 impaired chloroplast division. Thus, the chloroplasts are divided by the PD ring, which is a bundle of PDR1-mediated polyglucan filaments.
Yoshida
Yamato
Y
Laboratory of Cell Biology, Department of Life Science, College of Science, Research Information Center for Extremophile, Rikkyo University, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan.
Kuroiwa
Haruko
H
Misumi
Osami
O
Yoshida
Masaki
M
Ohnuma
Mio
M
Fujiwara
Takayuki
T
Yagisawa
Fumi
F
Hirooka
Shunsuke
S
Imoto
Yuuta
Y
Matsushita
Kazunobu
K
Kawano
Shigeyuki
S
Kuroiwa
Tsuneyoshi
T
D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005936:Glucans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D040901:Proteomics; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
D020418:Algal Proteins; D005936:Glucans; D016695:Glycosyltransferases