title: Impact of bivalirudin therapy in high-risk patients with acute myocardial infarction: 1-year results from the HORIZONS-AMI (Harmonizing Outcomes with RevasculariZatiON and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to assess the relationship between 1-year mortality and baseline patient risk in the HORIZONS-AMI (Harmonizing Outcomes with RevasculariZatiON and Stents in Acute Myocardial Infarction) trial.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The HORIZONS-AMI trial showed that bivalirudin compared with unfractionated heparin (UFH) plus glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) decreased major bleeding and 30-day and 1-year mortality in patients undergoing primary percutaneous intervention for acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients in the HORIZONS-AMI trial were classified as low, intermediate, and high risk according to the CADILLAC (Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications) risk score based on 7 clinical variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 2,530 CADILLAC-score evaluable HORIZONS-AMI trial patients, 1,522 (60%) were classified as low risk, 531 (21%) as intermediate risk, and 477 (19%) as high risk. The mortality rates in the bivalirudin and UFH plus GPI arms, respectively, were 0.4% and 1.2% (p = 0.09) in the low-risk group, 4.2% and 4.1% (p = 0.99) in the intermediate-risk group, and 8.4% and 15.9% (p = 0.01) in the high-risk group. Among high-risk patients, there was also a decreased rate of recurrent myocardial infarction in patients randomized to bivalirudin as compared to UFH plus GPI (3.6% vs. 7.9%, p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In high-risk patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction, bivalirudin compared with UFH plus GPI reduces 1-year mortality and recurrent myocardial infarction. (HORIZONS-AMI trial; NCT00433966).
authors: Division of Cardiology Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy.
authors: Guido
authors: G
authors: Parodi
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Antoniucci
authors: Eugenia
authors: E
authors: Nikolsky
authors: Bernhard
authors: B
authors: Witzenbichler
authors: Giulio
authors: G
authors: Guagliumi
authors: Jan Z
authors: JZ
authors: Peruga
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Stuckey
authors: Darius
authors: D
authors: Dudek
authors: Ran
authors: R
authors: Kornowski
authors: Franz
authors: F
authors: Hartmann
authors: Alexandra J
authors: AJ
authors: Lansky
authors: Roxana
authors: R
authors: Mehran
authors: Gregg W
authors: GW
authors: Stone
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D000077542:Eptifibatide; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006629:Hirudins / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007557:Israel; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D018579:Patient Selection; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000991:Antithrombins; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006629:Hirudins; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006493:Heparin; D000077542:Eptifibatide; C074619:bivalirudin; D000077284:Abciximab