title: Health economic evaluation of a vaccine for the prevention of herpes zoster (shingles) and post-herpetic neuralgia in adults in Belgium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the cost-effectiveness of vaccination against herpes zoster (HZ) and post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) in individuals aged 60 years and older in Belgium.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Markov model was developed to compare the cost-effectiveness of vaccination with that of a policy of no vaccination. The model estimated the lifetime incidence and consequences of HZ and PHN using inputs derived from Belgian data, literature sources, and expert opinion. Cost-effectiveness was measured by the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER), expressed as cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vaccination in individuals aged 60 years and older resulted in ICERs of €6,799 (third party payer perspective), €7,168 (healthcare perspective), and €7,137 (societal perspective). The number needed to vaccinate to prevent one case was 12 for HZ, and 35 or 36 for PHN depending on the definition used. Univariate sensitivity analyses produced ICERs of €4,959-19,052/QALY; duration of vaccine efficacy had the greatest impact on cost-effectiveness. Probabilistic sensitivity analysis showed at least a 94% probability of ICERs remaining below the unofficial €30,000 threshold.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Key strengths of the model are the combination of efficacy data from a pivotal clinical trial with country-specific epidemiological data and complete sensitivity analysis performed. Main limitations are the use of non country-specific PHN proportion and non Belgian disease-specific utilities. Results are comparable with those recently published.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HZ vaccination in individuals aged 60 years and older would represent a cost-effective strategy in Belgium.
authors: Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Annemans
authors: X
authors: X
authors: Bresse
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Gobbo
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Papageorgiou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053061:Herpes Zoster Vaccine / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008390:Markov Chains; D008875:Middle Aged; D018803:Models, Economic; D051474:Neuralgia, Postherpetic / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D053061:Herpes Zoster Vaccine