title: Pediatric acquired brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although pediatric patients are sometimes included in studies about visual problems in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI), few studies deal solely with children. Unlike studies dealing with adult patients, in which mechanisms of brain injury are divided into cerebral vascular accident (CVA) and traumatic brain injury (TBI), studies on pediatric patients deal almost exclusively with traumatic brain injury, specifically caused by accidents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Here we report on the vision problems of 4 pediatric patients, ages 3 to 18 years, who were examined in the ophthalmology/optometry clinic at a children's hospital. All patients had an internally caused brain injury and after the initial insult manifested problems in at least one of the following areas: acuity, binocularity, motility (tracking or saccades), accommodation, visual fields, and visual perceptual skills.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatric patients can suffer from a variety of oculo-visual problems after the onset of head injury. These patients may or may not be symptomatic and can benefit from optometric intervention.
authors: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229-3039, USA. marie.bodack@cchmc.org
authors: Marie I
authors: MI
authors: Bodack
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000098:blood supply; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000150:complications; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006423:Hemianopsia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000628:therapy*; D014794:Visual Fields