title: Obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with risk factors comprising the metabolic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several features of OSA syndrome suggest that it is a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome (MS). In this study, we investigated the prevalence of the MS among male Japanese patients with OSA, as well as the relationship between OSA in non-obese patients and components of the MS other than obesity (hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 416 Japanese men who were diagnosed as having OSA by polysomnography. Among these, 101 non-obese patients were selected and the severity of OSA, as well as the prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance, was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MS was associated with OSA in 218/416 patients (52.4%). A significant increase in the prevalence of the MS was associated with increased severity of OSA, as categorized according to AHI. In the non-obese patients with OSA (mean age 57.6 years, BMI 22.7 kg/m(2), AHI 34.3 events/h), hypertension, dyslipidaemia and glucose intolerance were identified in 70 (69.3%), 43 (42.6%) and 20 patients (19.8%), respectively. At least two of these factors were identified in 40 patients (39.6%). Non-obese patients with severe OSA had a significantly higher prevalence of two or more of these factors (33/59 patients, 55.9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although Asians are generally less obese than Caucasians, the prevalence of the MS was high among Japanese patients with OSA, and even among non-obese patients, OSA was associated with risk factors for the MS.
authors: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. takahosh@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors: Toshiki
authors: T
authors: Akahoshi
authors: Akihito
authors: A
authors: Uematsu
authors: Tsuneto
authors: T
authors: Akashiba
authors: Kenichi
authors: K
authors: Nagaoka
authors: Kouji
authors: K
authors: Kiyofuji
authors: Seiji
authors: S
authors: Kawahara
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Hattori
authors: Yoshitaka
authors: Y
authors: Kaneita
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Yoshizawa
authors: Noriaki
authors: N
authors: Takahashi
authors: Makoto
authors: M
authors: Uchiyama
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology