[Leukocyte synapse: structure, function and significance].
Neuronal synapse is the critical structure of neuronal network. Immune system is mainly consisted of invisible network. Recently, evidence showed that leukocyte synapses between immune cells named as immunological synapses (IS), were formed under some functional conditions to form temporal local network. In fact, they are dynamic structures, which can be classified into synapse and kinase. Different leukocytes have different synapses. Inflammatory and leukemic cells showed special patterns of IS. Similar structure is also observed in some viral infected lymphocytes, which is called virological synapse (VS). This is one of the mechanisms for viral transmission, not only enhancing the transmission efficiency but also mediating the escape from antibody neutralization, leading persistent infection. Recently the flower-like poly synapses was reported by French scientists. This is a multi-tunneling nanotube flower-like structure on cell surface. We had observed this kind of structure in EB virus infected human leukemic cell line J6-2. In this paper, the structure and function of leukocyte synapses are reviewed combined with authors' own work. Their significance is discussed.
Wu
Ke-Fu
KF
State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology & Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China. hiwukefu@yahoo.com.cn
Zheng
Guo-Guang
GG
Ma
Xiao-Tong
XT
Song
Yu-Hua
YH
D006801:Humans; D054992:Immunological Synapses / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology