title: Aorta movement in patients with scoliosis after posterior surgery.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate movement of the aorta in patients with scoliosis who have undergone the posterior correction and fusion.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Surgeons check preoperative imaging for pedicle screw placement, but past analyses indicated that the aorta shifts after scoliosis surgery. Few studies, however, evaluated the aorta movement in detail.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 22 patients with a right thoracic curve underwent posterior instrumentation and fusion. The average age at surgery was 17.2 years. The average of the preoperative Cobb angle was 65.2° which decreased to 20.0°.Computed-tomographic data were analyzed by multiplanar reconstruction. In our coordinate system, the middle of the base of the left superior facet was set as the origin and a line connecting the middle points of both bases of the superior facets was defined as the X-axis. We defined the angle and the distance to describe the aorta position and analyzed the movement of the aorta relative to the spine. Deformity parameters were examined to determine their correlation with the aorta parameters.We simulated variable pedicle screw placement and defined a warning pedicle when the aorta enters the expected area of the screw and examined them in 24 scenarios.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The aorta moved 4.7 ± 3.0 mm on an average. The aorta had a tendency to migrate in the anteromedial direction and this movement correlated with preoperative apical vertebral translation, preoperative sagittal alignment, and change of sagittal alignment. The ratio of warning pedicles at the middle thoracic level (T7-T9) increased after deformity correction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aorta moved anteromedially relative to the spine after the posterior correction and the risk of the aorta by a pedicle screw increased by correction of the deformity at the middle thoracic spine. Surgeons are recommended to anticipate the aorta movement in the surgical planning.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, the University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Takeshita-ort@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors: Katsushi
authors: K
authors: Takeshita
authors: Toru
authors: T
authors: Maruyama
authors: Yusuke
authors: Y
authors: Nakao
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Ono
authors: Yuki
authors: Y
authors: Taniguchi
authors: Hirotaka
authors: H
authors: Chikuda
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Shoda
authors: Yasushi
authors: Y
authors: Oshima
authors: Akiro
authors: A
authors: Higashikawa
authors: Kozo
authors: K
authors: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001011:Aorta / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001863:Bone Screws; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000379:methods*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult