Virus-enabled silicon anode for lithium-ion batteries.
A novel three-dimensional Tobacco mosaic virus assembled silicon anode is reported. This electrode combines genetically modified virus templates for the production of high aspect ratio nanofeatured surfaces with electroless deposition to produce an integrated nickel current collector followed by physical vapor deposition of a silicon layer to form a high capacity silicon anode. This composite silicon anode produced high capacities (3300 mAh/g), excellent charge-discharge cycling stability (0.20% loss per cycle at 1C), and consistent rate capabilities (46.4% at 4C) between 0 and 1.5 V. The biological templated nanocomposite electrode architecture displays a nearly 10-fold increase in capacity over currently available graphite anodes with remarkable cycling stability.
Chen
Xilin
X
Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Gerasopoulos
Konstantinos
K
Guo
Juchen
J
Brown
Adam
A
Wang
Chunsheng
C
Ghodssi
Reza
R
Culver
James N
JN
D017097:Electric Impedance; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D008094:Lithium / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*; D014027:Tobacco Mosaic Virus / Q000378:metabolism*
D009532:Nickel; D008094:Lithium; D012825:Silicon