title: Tyrosine hydroxylase polymorphism (C-824T) and hypertension: a population-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sympathetic nervous system (SNS) overactivity is present in a large proportion of the hypertensive population and precedes the development of established hypertension. Variations in the proximal promoter of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene have been shown to influence biochemical and physiological traits in the SNS as well as hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the relationship between a common single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the proximal TH promoter (C-824T) and blood pressure (BP) in a large general population sample, characterized by 24-h ambulatory BP (ABP) monitoring and office BP measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population consisted of 1,221 women and 1,182 men, ages 41-71 years, without major cardiovascular diseases. Regarding the C-824T SNP, 32.4% had the C/C genotype, 50.0% the C/T genotype, and 17.6% the T/T genotype. The T/T genotype conferred an ~45% increase in relative risk of hypertension, defined by conventional criteria, compared with the C/C genotype, and participants with the T/T genotype had significantly higher mean (95% confidence interval (CI)) systolic BP (SBP) (138 (136-140) mm Hg vs. 135 (133-136)), diastolic BP (DBP) (88 (86-89) mm Hg vs. 85 (84-86)), and heart rate (68 (67-69) beats/min vs. 66 (65-67)) than participants with the C/C genotype (P < 0.05). BP, heart rate, and prevalence of hypertension were intermediate in participants with the C/T genotype. These effects were the same in women and men and whether BP was measured in the office or by 24-h ambulatory monitoring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The C-824T SNP in the proximal TH promoter influences BP and prevalence of hypertension in the general population.
authors: Department of Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.
authors: Søren J
authors: SJ
authors: Nielsen
authors: Jørgen
authors: J
authors: Jeppesen
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Torp-Pedersen
authors: Tine W
authors: TW
authors: Hansen
authors: Allan
authors: A
authors: Linneberg
authors: Mogens
authors: M
authors: Fenger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D015995:Prevalence; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase