title: Impact of telepharmacy in a multihospital health system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The impact of telepharmacy in a multihospital health system was evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Telepharmacy services were implemented at five hospitals within a Catholic, nonprofit, integrated delivery network health system. Telepharmacy services were provided by seven pharmacists employed by the health system. Using a virtual private network or terminal server, pharmacists directly accessed hospital servers and information systems to conduct their work. Telephone calls were automatically routed to the telepharmacist so that handling of nursing and other calls would be transparent to staff. Hours of telepharmacy service were 5 p.m. to 2 a.m. Monday through Friday evenings at four of the hospitals and 8 p.m. to 10 p.m. at the rural hospital. Order-processing time for routine orders was reduced from 26.8 to 14 minutes (p < 0.0001), while stat order processing was shortened from 11.6 to 8.8 minutes (p = 0.007). For routine orders, turnaround times greater than 60 minutes became almost nonexistent after telepharmacy services were implemented. The number of clinical interventions documented increased by 42%, from 619 to 881, equivalent to a net annualized saving of $1,132,144. A significant improvement in nurses' global satisfaction with pharmacist availability for unit consultations was reported (3.0 versus 4.0 on a 5.0 Likert scale; p = 0.028).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of telepharmacy services in a multihospital health system expanded hours of service, improved the speed of processing of physician medication orders, and increased clinical pharmacy services and cost avoidance. Surveys of health care staff found that telepharmacy services were well received.
authors: Via Christi Hospitals, Wichita, KS, USA. jim_garrelts@via-christi.org
authors: James C
authors: JC
authors: Garrelts
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Gagnon
authors: Charlese
authors: C
authors: Eisenberg
authors: Janell
authors: J
authors: Moerer
authors: Joe
authors: J
authors: Carrithers
mesh_terms: D016303:Clinical Pharmacy Information Systems; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000458:organization & administration; D050316:Medical Order Entry Systems / Q000458:organization & administration; D009096:Multi-Institutional Systems / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D016730:Program Development; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods*; D057188:Workflow