Decennial administration of a reduced antigen content diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine in young adults.
BACKGROUND
Booster vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria at 10-year intervals is commonly recommended. Reduced antigen content diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (dTpa) vaccines developed for booster vaccination of preschool children, adolescents, and adults are licensed for once-in-a-lifetime use in most countries. Objective. To evaluate decennial administration of a dTpa vaccine. Methods. Young adults vaccinated with dTpa or diphtheria and tetanus toxoids followed by acellular pertussis (DT+ap) 1 month later in a clinical trial 10 years previously received 1 dTpa dose. Blood samples were taken before and 1 month after vaccination. Antibody concentrations against vaccine antigens were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Solicited and unsolicited symptoms and serious adverse events were recorded.


RESULTS
Eighty-two individuals were enrolled in the study. In the 75 individuals who had received the dTpa vaccine 10 years previously, prevaccination seroprotection or seropositivity rates were 98.8% (diphtheria), 97.5% (tetanus), 64.6% (pertussis toxoid), 100% (filamentous hemagglutinin), and 96.3% (pertactin). One month after the second booster, all study participants were seroprotected or seropositive against all vaccine antigens. Antibody concentrations increased by a similar magnitude as 10 years previously. During the 4-day follow-up, 9.9% of participants recorded grade 3 pain; 17.3% and 18.5% recorded redness and swelling of 50 mm or larger, respectively; and 8.6% recorded fever (temperature, 37.5 degrees C). No serious adverse events were considered causally related to the vaccine.


CONCLUSIONS
A second dTpa booster was highly immunogenic and well tolerated in this population of young adults. This study supports the use of this vaccine as a decennial booster.


BACKGROUND
ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00610168 .
Mertsola
Jussi
J
Department of Pediatrics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. jussi.mertsola@utu.fi
Van Der Meeren
Olivier
O
He
Qiushui
Q
Linko-Parvinen
Anna
A
Ramakrishnan
Gunasekaran
G
Mannermaa
Leni
L
Soila
Maaria
M
Pulkkinen
Markku
M
Jacquet
Jeanne-Marie
JM
D000293:Adolescent; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000517:prevention & control; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D013742:Tetanus / Q000517:prevention & control; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000517:prevention & control; D055815:Young Adult
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines