title: Do differences in dialysis prescription impact on KDOQI bone mineral targets? The Pan Thames Renal Audit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients achieving the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) bone mineral clinical practice guidelines have been reported to have improved survival. Many factors affecting calcium and phosphate control are not modifiable; however, we wished to determine whether differences in dialysis treatment could affect achievement of KDOQI clinical guideline targets.
  
  
  METHODS
  We audited pre-mid-week session calcium and phosphate levels in 5,324 adult patients receiving thrice weekly dialysis in the 14 Pan Thames centres: 60% male, mean age 62 ± 16 years, median dialysis vintage 29 months (14-58), 84% treated by haemodialysis, 16% by online haemodiafiltration, median session time 4.0 h (3.5-4.0).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients achieving the KDOQI guidelines varied between the centres: 23.4-60% for calcium, 31.7-56.7% for phosphate, 60-87.3% for calcium-phosphate product, 17.1-46.8% for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and 1.8-10.8% for all 4 targets. Those centres which used the highest dialysate calcium concentrations (1.5 mmol/l, 3 mEq/l) had more patients above the KDOQI serum calcium and more below the PTH target, than those centres using the lowest calcium dialysates (1 mmol/l, 2 mEq/l), with χ(2) = 85.1 and χ(2) = 52.4, p < 0.001, respectively. On logistic regression analysis, serum phosphate was negatively associated with duration of dialysis session time (F = 21.4, p = 0.000) and haemodiafiltration (F = 9.6, p = 0.000), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although many of the factors determining calcium and phosphate control in haemodialysis patients are unmodifiable, dialysate calcium concentration, the duration of the dialysis session and haemodiafiltration all had an impact on calcium, phosphate and PTH.
authors: UCL Center for Nephrology, Royal Free Campus, University College London Medical School, London, UK. andrew.davenport@royalfree.nhs.uk
authors: Andrew
authors: A
authors: Davenport
authors: Carrie
authors: C
authors: Gardner
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Delaney
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D017583:Hemodiafiltration; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium