Multiple beneficial health effects of natural alkylglycerols from shark liver oil.
Alkylglycerols (alkyl-Gro) are ether lipids abundant in the liver of some elasmobranch fish species such as ratfishes and some sharks. Shark liver oil from Centrophorus squamosus (SLO), or alkyl-Gro mix from this source, have several in vivo biological activities including stimulation of hematopoiesis and immunological defences, sperm quality improvement, or anti-tumor and anti-metastasis activities. Several mechanisms are suggested for these multiple activities, resulting from incorporation of alkyl-Gro into membrane phospholipids, and lipid signaling interactions. Natural alkyl-Gro mix from SLO contains several alkyl-Gro, varying by chain length and unsaturation. Six prominent constituents of natural alkyl-Gro mix, namely 12:0, 14:0, 16:0, 18:0, 16:1 n-7, and 18:1 n-9 alkyl-Gro, were synthesized and tested for anti-tumor and anti-metastatic activities on a model of grafted tumor in mice (3LL cells). 16:1 and 18:1 alkyl-Gro showed strong activity in reducing lung metastasis number, while saturated alkyl- Gro had weaker (16:0) or no (12:0, 14:0, 18:0) effect. Multiple compounds and mechanisms are probably involved in the multiple activities of natural alkyl-Gro.
Deniau
Anne-Laure
AL
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie Moléculaire, Université de Rennes 1, France. anne-laure.deniau@chu-rennes.fr
Mosset
Paul
P
Pédrono
Frédérique
F
Mitre
Romain
R
Le Bot
Damien
D
Legrand
Alain B
AB
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D012754:Sharks
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005395:Fish Oils; D005990:Glycerol