Gluten-free breads and cookies of raw and popped amaranth flours with attractive technological and nutritional qualities.
Gluten-free bakery foodstuffs are a challenge for technologists and nutritionists since alternative ingredients used in their formulations have poor functional and nutritional properties. Therefore, gluten-free bread and cookies using raw and popped amaranth, a grain with high quality nutrients and promising functional properties, were formulated looking for the best combinations. The best formulation for bread included 60-70% popped amaranth flour and 30-40% raw amaranth flour which produced loaves with homogeneous crumb and higher specific volume (3.5 ml/g) than with other gluten-free breads. The best cookies recipe had 20% of popped amaranth flour and 13% of whole-grain popped amaranth. The expansion factor was similar to starch-based controls and the hardness was similar (10.88 N) to other gluten-free cookies. Gluten content of the final products was around 12 ppm. The functionality of amaranth-based doughs was acceptable although hydrocolloids were not added and the final gluten-free products had a high nutritional value.
de la Barca
Ana María Calderón
AM
Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A. C., Carretera a la Victoria Km 0.6, P. O. Box 1735, Hermosillo 83000, Mexico. amc@ciad.mx
Rojas-Martínez
María Elvira
ME
Islas-Rubio
Alma Rosa
AR
Cabrera-Chávez
Francisco
F
D027721:Amaranthus; D001939:Bread / Q000032:analysis; D055050:Diet, Gluten-Free; D002523:Edible Grain; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005524:Food Technology; D005983:Glutens / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D009753:Nutritive Value; D013213:Starch / Q000032:analysis*
D005983:Glutens; D013213:Starch