title: Long-term results with the Rion E-type semi-implantable hearing aid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Rion implantable hearing aid (IHA) Ehime (E)-type was developed for ears with middle ear diseases. This study focused on the current status of the patients, device problems, postoperative difficulties, and preventive measures against them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series with chart review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 30 patients who were implanted with the IHA E-type between 1984 and 1997 and followed up for more than 10 years. Current status of IHA implantees, incidents of device problems, and postoperative troubles and hearing outcomes were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven patients (36.7%) still use the original device. The average period of use was 16.6 +/- 3.3 years (21 years at most). The incidence of problems was lower with the second version of the device compared to the first version. Frequencies of the troubles were related to the types of original ear diseases: seven of 17 cases with chronic otitis media (41.2%), two of seven cases with cholesteatoma (28.6%), and two of six cases with tympanosclerosis (33.3%). No cholesteatoma occurred after surgical procedures (i.e., external ear canal closure and tympanic membrane lateralized) (P = 0.06). The device was exposed through a retroauricular skin fistula where the internal coil had been implanted. Significantly fewer infections were observed when the two-stage operation was used (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For long-term success in implantation of the IHA, careful control of middle ear inflammation and measures against eustachian tube dysfunction are required in addition to technological advancements.
authors: Department of Otolaryngology, Takanoko Hospital, Matsuyama, Ehime, Japan. komori@kochi-u.ac.jp
authors: Masahiro
authors: M
authors: Komori
authors: Naoaki
authors: N
authors: Yanagihara
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Hinohira
authors: Naohito
authors: N
authors: Hato
authors: Kiyofumi
authors: K
authors: Gyo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006310:Hearing Aids; D046089:Hearing Loss, Mixed Conductive-Sensorineural / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D010040:Otosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome