Antiplatelet aggregation and platelet activating factor (PAF) receptor antagonistic activities of the essential oils of five Goniothalamus species.
Nine essential oils, hydrodistilled from different parts of five Goniothalamus species (G. velutinus Airy-Shaw, G. woodii Merr., G. clemensii Ban, G. tapis Miq. and G. tapisoides Mat Salleh) were evaluated for their ability to inhibit platelet aggregation in human whole blood using an electrical impedance method and their inhibitory effects on platelet activating factor (PAF) receptor binding with rabbit platelets using 3H-PAF as a ligand. The chemical composition of the oils was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The bark oil of G. velutinus was the most effective sample as it inhibited both arachidonic acid (AA) and ADP-induced platelet aggregation with IC(50) values of 93.6 and 87.7 microg/mL, respectively. Among the studied oils, the bark oils of G. clemensii, G. woodii, G. velutinus and the root oil of G. tapis showed significant inhibitory effects on PAF receptor binding, with IC(50 )values ranging from 3.5 to 10.5 microg/mL. The strong PAF antagonistic activity of the active oils is related to their high contents of sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpenoids, and the individual components in the oils could possibly produce a synergistic effect in the overall antiplatelet activity of the oils.
Moharam
Bushra Abdulkarim
BA
Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jantan
Ibrahim
I
Ahmad
Fasihuddin bin
Fb
Jalil
Juriyati
J
D000818:Animals; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D054335:Goniothalamus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012015:Reference Standards; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology
D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D013729:Terpenes; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; C078669:cedrol; D001241:Aspirin