title: Protective effects of a gastrointestinal agent containing Korean red ginseng on gastric ulcer models in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Korean red ginseng (KRG) is a ginseng that has been cultivated and aged for 4-6 years or more, and goes through an extensive cleaning, steaming and drying process. KRG contains more than 30 kinds of saponin components and has been reported as having various biological properties, such as anti-fatigue action, immune restoration, and neurovegetative effect. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a KRG-containing drug (KRGCD) on gastric ulcer models in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stomach ulcers were induced by oral ingestion of hydrochloride (HCl)/ethanol or indomethacin. Treatment with KRGCD (30, 100, and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) occurred 1 hr before the ulcer induction. Effect of KRGCD on anti-oxidant activity and gastric mucosal blood flow with a laser Doppler flowmeter in mice stomach tissue was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  KRGCD (100 and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly decreased ethanol- and indomethacin-induced gastric ulcer compared with the vehicle-treated (control) group. KRGCD (100 and 300 mg/kg) also decreased the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) and increased gastric mucosal blood flow compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the gastroprotective effects of KRGCD on mice ulcer models can be attributed to its ameliorating effect on oxidative damage and improving effect of gastric mucosal blood flow.
authors: Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Gifu Pharmaceutical University, 1-25-4 Daigaku-nishi, Gifu 501-1196, Japan.
authors: Atsushi
authors: A
authors: Oyagi
authors: Kenjirou
authors: K
authors: Ogawa
authors: Mamoru
authors: M
authors: Kakino
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Hara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000431:Ethanol; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects*; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D007213:Indomethacin; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D012503:Saponins; D000431:Ethanol; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid; D007213:Indomethacin