title: Human skin retention and penetration of a copper tripeptide in vitro as function of skin layer towards anti-inflammatory therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The skin retention and penetration characteristics of copper applied as glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine cuprate diacetate were evaluated in vitro in order to assess the potential for its transdermal delivery as anti-inflammatory agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flow-through diffusion cells with 1 cm(2) exposure area were used under infinite dose conditions. 0.68% aq. Copper as a tripeptide was applied on isolated stratum corneum, on heat-separated epidermis and on dermatomed skin. Receptor fluid collected over 48 h in 4 h intervals was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for copper in tissues and receptor fluid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The permeability coefficient of the compound through dermatomed skin was 2.43 ± 0.51 × 10(-4) cm/h; 136.2 ± 17.5 μg/cm(2) copper permeated 1 cm(2) of that tissue over 48 h, while 82 ± 8.1 μg/cm(2) of copper were retained there as depot.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Applied tansdermally as the tripeptide on human skin ex vivo, copper permeated the skin and was also retained in skin tissue in amounts potentially effective for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
authors: Department of Dermatology, UCSF School of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA. jurij.hostynek65@gmail.com
authors: Jurij J
authors: JJ
authors: Hostynek
authors: Frank
authors: F
authors: Dreher
authors: Howard I
authors: HI
authors: Maibach
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002102:Cadaver; D003300:Copper / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004058:Diffusion; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010539:Permeability; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D009842:Oligopeptides; C020905:glycyl-histidyl-lysine; D003300:Copper