title: Regional cerebral blood flow in patients with orally localized somatoform pain disorder: a single photon emission computed tomography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Somatoform pain disorder is characterized by persistent and chronic pain at one or more sites without an associated general medical condition and in which psychological factors are thought to play a role. This study aimed to investigate the pathological features of somatoform pain disorder localized to the oral region by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients (nine females and one male; average age 55.0 ± 14.4 years) having somatoform pain disorder with oral symptoms participated. SPECT was performed using N-isopropyl-4-[(123) I] iodoamphetamine intravenous injections, and regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was assessed by three-dimensional stereotactic surface projections. We also selected 12 healthy individuals (seven females and five males; average age 61.8 ± 13.2 years) to act as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the patient and control groups showed no atrophy or infarction on CT or magnetic resonance imaging. The patient group showed higher rCBF in the subcortical area, especially in the thalamus and cingulate gyri, than the control group. In contrast, the patient group showed lower rCBF in the bilateral frontal and occipital lobes as well as in the left temporal lobe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the biological process involved in somatoform pain disorder of the oral region is characterized by changes in limbic and cortical functions. The finding that somatoform pain disorder with oral symptoms is associated with brain functional changes will help to develop treatment regimes for this disorder and clarify the underlying pathology.
authors: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Life Dentistry, Nippon Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. h-karibe@tky.ndu.ac.jp
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Karibe
authors: Ryosuke
authors: R
authors: Arakawa
authors: Amane
authors: A
authors: Tateno
authors: Sunao
authors: S
authors: Mizumura
authors: Tomoo
authors: T
authors: Okada
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Ishii
authors: Katsuo
authors: K
authors: Oshima
authors: Mitsuhiro
authors: M
authors: Ohtsu
authors: Isao
authors: I
authors: Hasegawa
authors: Yoshiro
authors: Y
authors: Okubo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020367:Iofetamine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010146:Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D020367:Iofetamine