title: Edaravone: a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of acute stroke.
abstract: Acute stroke, including acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and acute hemorrhagic stroke, (AHS) is a common medical problem with particular relevance to the demographic changes in industrialized societies. In recent years, treatments for AIS have emerged, including thrombolysis with tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA). Although t-PA is the most effective currently available therapy, it is limited by a narrow therapeutic time window and side effects, and only 3% of all AIS patients receive thrombolysis. Edaravone was originally developed as a potent free radical scavenger and, since 2001, has been widely used to treat AIS in Japan. It was shown that edaravone extended the narrow therapeutic time window of t-PA in rats. The therapeutic time window is very important for the treatment of AIS, and early edaravone treatment is more effective. Thus, more AIS patients might be rescued by administering edaravone with t-PA. Meanwhile, edaravone attenuates AHS-induced brain edema, neurologic deficits and oxidative injury in rats. Although edaravone treatment is currently only indicated for AIS, it does offer neuroprotective effects against AHS in rats. Therefore, we hypothesize that early administration of edaravone can rescue AHS patients as well as AIS patients. Taken together, our findings suggest that edaravone should be immediately administered on suspicion of acute stroke, including AIS and AHS.
authors: Department of Neurosurgery, Yame Public General Hospital, 540-2 Takatsuka, Yame 834-0034, Japan. kkikuchi@m2.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors: Kiyoshi
authors: K
authors: Kikuchi
authors: Ko-ichi
authors: K
authors: Kawahara
authors: Naohisa
authors: N
authors: Miyagi
authors: Hisaaki
authors: H
authors: Uchikado
authors: Terukazu
authors: T
authors: Kuramoto
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Morimoto
authors: Salunya
authors: S
authors: Tancharoen
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Miura
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Takenouchi
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Oyama
authors: Binita
authors: B
authors: Shrestha
authors: Fumiyo
authors: F
authors: Matsuda
authors: Yoshihiro
authors: Y
authors: Yoshida
authors: Shinichiro
authors: S
authors: Arimura
authors: Kentaro
authors: K
authors: Mera
authors: Ko-ichi
authors: K
authors: Tada
authors: Narimasa
authors: N
authors: Yoshinaga
authors: Ryuichi
authors: R
authors: Maenosono
authors: Yoshiko
authors: Y
authors: Ohno
authors: Teruto
authors: T
authors: Hashiguchi
authors: Ikuro
authors: I
authors: Maruyama
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Shigemori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000983:Antipyrine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077553:Edaravone; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D000077553:Edaravone; D000983:Antipyrine