Angiogenesis as a therapeutic target in urothelial carcinoma.
In the last few years, angiogenesis has confirmed its critical role in the development of malignant neoplasms. Antiangiogenic drugs, mainly bevacizumab, sorafenib, or sunitinib, are currently approved in a wide number of tumor types, such as breast, colorectal, liver, or kidney cancer, and have changed dramatically the evolution of our patients. Unfortunately, in urothelial carcinoma, which is a very common neoplasm, antiangiogenic agents are still in a very preliminary phase of clinical research. In this study, we focus on the biological basis of angiogenesis in urothelial tumors, its influence in the prognosis of these malignancies, and the available evidence about the use of antiangiogenic drugs in urothelial carcinoma.
Pinto
Alvaro
A
Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain. alvaropintomarin@gmail.com
Redondo
Andrés
A
Zamora
Pilar
P
Castelo
Beatriz
B
Espinosa
Enrique
E
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000502:physiology; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D000077157:Sorafenib; D000077210:Sunitinib; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy; D019459:Urothelium / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 / Q000502:physiology; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D007211:Indoles; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D011758:Pyrroles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009536:Niacinamide; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D000077157:Sorafenib; D040281:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D000077210:Sunitinib