Malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adduct formation in workers of pathology wards: the role of air formaldehyde exposure.
Formaldehyde is an ubiquitous pollutant to which humans are exposed. Pathologists can experience high formaldehyde exposure levels. Formaldehyde-among other properties-induce oxidative stress and free radicals, which react with DNA and lipids, leading to oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation, respectively. We measured the levels of air-formaldehyde exposure in a group of Italian pathologists and controls. We analyzed the effect of formaldehyde exposure on leukocyte malondialdehyde-deoxyguanosine adducts (M(1)-dG), a biomarker of oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. We studied the relationship between air-formaldehyde and M(1)-dG adducts. Air-formaldehyde levels were measured by personal air samplers. M(1)-dG adducts were analyzed by a (32)P-postlabeling assay. Reduction room pathologists were significantly exposed to air-formaldehyde with respect to controls and to the pathologists working in other laboratory areas (p < 0.001). A significant difference for M(1)-dG adducts between exposed pathologists and controls was found (p = 0.045). The effect becomes stronger when the evaluation of air-formaldehyde exposure was based on personal samplers (p = 0.018). Increased M(1)dG adduct levels were only found in individuals exposed to air-formaldehyde concentrations higher than 66 microg/m(3). When the exposed workers and controls were subgrouped according to smoking, M(1)-dG tended to increase in all of the subjects, but a significant association between M(1)-dG and air-formaldehyde was only found in nonsmokers (p = 0.009). Air-formaldehyde played a role positive but not significant (r = 0.355, p = 0.075, Pearson correlation) in the formation of M(1)-dG, only in nonsmokers. Working in the reduction rooms and exposure to air-formaldehyde concentrations higher than 66 microg/m(3) are associated with increased levels of M(1)-dG adducts.
Bono
Roberto
R
Department Of Public Health and Microbiology, University of Turin, Italy, Via Santena 5 bis, Turin, Italy. roberto.bono@unito.it
Romanazzi
Valeria
V
Munnia
Armelle
A
Piro
Sara
S
Allione
Alessandra
A
Ricceri
Fulvio
F
Guarrera
Simonetta
S
Pignata
Cristina
C
Matullo
Giuseppe
G
Wang
Poguang
P
Giese
Roger W
RW
Peluso
Marco
M
D000328:Adult; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D015415:Biomarkers; D018736:DNA Adducts; D005557:Formaldehyde; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003849:Deoxyguanosine