title: Serum TGF-beta2 and TGF-beta3 are increased and positively correlated to pain, functionality, and radiographic staging in osteoarthritis.
abstract: The goal of this study was to verify or reject the hypothesis that systematic differences exist in various profibrotic or antifibrotic factors between osteoarthritic patients and controls, as well as between different stages of osteoarthritis. The study group comprised 63 patients with knee osteoarthritis and 18 controls. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)1, -2, -3; tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 protein levels; and gelatinolytic activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1, -2, -3, -9 activities were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and gelatin zymography, respectively. Visual analog scale scores, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC) scores, Lequesne clinical osteoarthritis scales, and Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grading were recorded for each patient.Transforming growth factor-beta2 and -3 (in contrast to TGF-beta1 and TIMP-1) serum protein levels were significantly higher in osteoarthritic patients compared to controls (210%+/-14% [P<.001] and 232%+/-7% [P<10(-7)], respectively). Additionally, TGF-beta2 and -3 were strongly positively correlated to Kellgren-Lawrence radiographic grading of the disease (P<10(-5) and P<10(-7), respectively). Moreover, TGF-beta2 correlated positively with the WOMAC scale (P=.007). However, TIMP-1 decreased as osteoarthritis progressed clinically, but remained irrelevant to radiographic staging. Furthermore, activities of MMP-2 and -9, but not MMP-1+/-3, were lower in patients with osteoarthritis.
authors: Department of Orthopedics, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Heraklion, Greece.
authors: Stilianos
authors: S
authors: Kapetanakis
authors: Ioannis
authors: I
authors: Drygiannakis
authors: Kostantinos
authors: K
authors: Kazakos
authors: Nikolaos
authors: N
authors: Papanas
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Kolios
authors: Elias
authors: E
authors: Kouroumalis
authors: Dionysios-Alexandros
authors: DA
authors: Verettas
mesh_terms: D018771:Arthralgia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001175:Arthrography / Q000379:methods*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011379:Prognosis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2 / Q000097:blood*; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3