Cell adhesion: integrating cytoskeletal dynamics and cellular tension.
Cell migration affects all morphogenetic processes and contributes to numerous diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. For most cells in most environments, movement begins with protrusion of the cell membrane followed by the formation of new adhesions at the cell front that link the actin cytoskeleton to the substratum, generation of traction forces that move the cell forwards and disassembly of adhesions at the cell rear. Adhesion formation and disassembly drive the migration cycle by activating Rho GTPases, which in turn regulate actin polymerization and myosin II activity, and therefore adhesion dynamics.
Parsons
J Thomas
JT
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. jtp@virginia.edu
Horwitz
Alan Rick
AR
Schwartz
Martin A
MA
D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism*; D024462:Myosin Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D024462:Myosin Type II; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins