title: Shoulder height labeling of child restraints to minimize premature graduation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We hypothesized that parents and caregivers would make better judgments about child restraint fit if shoulder height labeling was used to communicate appropriate child restraint transition times.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were recruited at a shopping center in New South Wales, Australia, and were observed choosing restraints, with and without shoulder height labels indicating appropriate restraint fit, for each of 2 test mannequins (representing a 3-year-old child and a 5-year-old child). Demographic and child restraint use experience data also were collected. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine associations between labeling condition and participant's judgment of restraint appropriateness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants (N=86) made significantly fewer errors in judging restraint appropriateness for the test mannequins when the restraints included shoulder height labels (P<.001). Depending on label format, the odds that a participant would always make the correct decision were 5.2 (95% confidence interval: 2.7-9.8) to 3.7 (95% confidence interval: 2.0-6.9) times greater when shoulder height labels were included than when they were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of shoulder height labels on child safety seats and booster seats is an effective means of communicating child restraint fit to parents and caregivers.
authors: Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, University of New South Wales, Barker Street, Randwick, NSW 2131, Australia. j.brown@powmri.edu.au
authors: Julie
authors: J
authors: Brown
authors: Dallas
authors: D
authors: Fell
authors: Lynne E
authors: LE
authors: Bilston
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D057207:Child Restraint Systems / Q000592:standards*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011356:Product Labeling; D012782:Shoulder; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires