title: Pediatric ophthalmic indications for examination under anesthesia in Ilorin, Nigeria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the ophthalmic indications and challenges for pediatric ocular examination under anesthesia (EUA).
  
  
  METHODS
  The surgical register and patients' records of children who underwent EUA between 1990 and 2007 were examined to document patients' bio data, diagnoses and details of procedures and anesthesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine children underwent EUA during the 18-year period. The indications included congenital glaucoma (20 cases, 21.3%) and congenital cataract (5 cases, 12.8%). There were two cases each (5.1%) of microphthalmia, megalocornea, and squint. A case each of other indications constituted the remaining 10.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The commonest ophthalmic indication for EUA among children is congenital glaucoma. Most of the children (36, 92.3%) had inhalational anesthesia administered by anesthetists at great cost to their parents. We recommend the use of ketamine anesthesia administered by nonanesthetist with some training in anesthetic resuscitation procedure, for short pediatric procedure such as EUA in resource-challenged settings.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. mahmoud_ao@yahoo.com
authors: Abdulraheem Olarongbe
authors: AO
authors: Mahmoud
authors: Abdulkabir Ayansiji
authors: AA
authors: Ayanniyi
authors: Olanrewaju Olubukola
authors: OO
authors: Oyedepo
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D009549:Nigeria; D010808:Physical Examination; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D007649:Ketamine