title: The Nrf2-Keap1 cellular defense pathway and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) response. Role in protection against oxidative stress in early neonatal unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO).
abstract: Perturbation of renal tubular antioxidants and overproduction of reactive oxygen species may amplify the proinflammatory state of renal obstruction, culminating in oxidative stress and tubular loss. Here, we analyzed the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) response and the function and signal transduction of NF-E2-related protein 2 (Nrf2) transcription factor on oxidative stress modulation in obstruction. Rats were subjected to unilateral ureteral obstruction or sham operation and kidneys harvested at 5, 7, 10, and 14 days after obstruction. Hsp70 expression and Nrf2 activity and its downstream target gene products were assessed. After 10 and 14 days of obstruction, enhanced lipid peroxidation through higher thiobarbituric acid reactive substances levels and increased oxidative stress resulted in reduced total antioxidant activity and enhanced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced (NADPH) oxidase activity were demonstrated. This was accompanied by decreased inducible Hsp70 expression and a progressive reduction of nuclear Nrf2 and its target gene products glutathione S-transferase A2 (GSTA2) and NADPH/quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), whereas the Nrf2 repressor Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1) was upregulated. By contrast, on early obstruction for 7 days, lack of increased oxidative markers associated with higher inducible Hsp70 protein levels and a rapid nuclear accumulation of Nrf2, Keap1 downregulation, and mRNA induction of the identified Nrf2-dependent genes, NQO1 and GSTA2, were shown. For these results, we suggest that the magnitude of cytoprotection in early obstruction depends on the combined contribution of induced activation of Nrf2 upregulating its downstream gene products and Hsp70 response. Impaired ability to mount the biological response to the prevailing oxidative stress leading to renal injury was shown in prolonged obstruction.
authors: Área de Farmacología y Toxicología, Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, San Luis, Argentina.
authors: Martin E
authors: ME
authors: Rinaldi Tosi
authors: Victoria
authors: V
authors: Bocanegra
authors: Walter
authors: W
authors: Manucha
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Gil Lorenzo
authors: Patricia G
authors: PG
authors: Vallés
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D019610:Cytoprotection / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072019:Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013858:Thiobarbiturates / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007527:Isoenzymes; C486610:KEAP1 protein, rat; D000072019:Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D011506:Proteins; D013858:Thiobarbiturates; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C507703:NQO1 protein, rat; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C119995:glutathione S-transferase alpha; C029684:thiobarbituric acid