The global context for public health nutrition taxation.
OBJECTIVE
To assess critically the scope for public health nutrition taxation within the framework of the global tax reform agenda.


METHODS
Review of the tax policy literature for global policy priorities relevant to public health nutrition taxation; critical analysis of proposals for public health nutrition taxation judged against the global agenda for tax reform.


METHODS
The global tax reform agenda shapes decisions of tax policy makers in all countries. By understanding this agenda, public health nutritionists can make feasible taxation proposals and thus improve the development, uptake and implementation of recommendations for nutrition-related taxation.


RESULTS
The priorities of the global tax reform agenda relevant to public health nutrition taxation are streamlining of taxes, adoption of value-added tax (VAT), minimisation of excise taxes (except to correct for externalities) and removal of import taxes in line with trade liberalisation policies. Proposals consistent with the global tax reform agenda have included excise taxes, extension of VAT to currently exempted (unhealthy) foods and tariff reductions for healthy foods.


CONCLUSIONS
Proposals for public health nutrition taxation should (i) use existing types and rates of taxes where possible, (ii) use excise taxes that specifically address externalities, (iii) avoid differential VAT on foods and (iv) use import taxes in ways that comply with trade liberalisation priorities.
Thow
Anne Marie
AM
Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. annemarie.thow@sydney.edu.au
Heywood
Peter
P
Leeder
Stephen
S
Burns
Lee
L
D001315:Australia; D005502:Food / Q000191:economics*; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009042:Motivation; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D011634:Public Health / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D011640:Public Policy; D013660:Taxes / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*