title: Nanoparticle-induced pulmonary toxicity.
abstract: In recent decades, advances in nanotechnology engineering have given rise to the rapid development of many novel applications in the biomedical field. However, studies into the health and safety of these nanomaterials are still lacking. The main concerns are the adverse effects to health caused by acute or chronic exposure to nanoparticles (NPs), especially in the workplace environment. The lung is one of the main routes of entry for NPs into the body and, hence, a likely site for accumulation of NPs. Once NPs enter the interstitial air spaces and are quickly taken up by alveolar cells, they are likely to induce toxic effects. In this review, we highlight the different aspects of lung toxicity resulting from NP exposure, such as generation of oxidative stress, DNA damage and inflammation leading to fibrosis and pneumoconiosis, and the underlying mechanisms causing pulmonary toxicity.
authors: Department of Anatomy, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Drive, Blk MD10, Singapore 117597.
authors: Jasmine Jia'en
authors: JJ
authors: Li
authors: Sindu
authors: S
authors: Muralikrishnan
authors: Cheng-Teng
authors: CT
authors: Ng
authors: Lin-Yue Lanry
authors: LY
authors: Yung
authors: Boon-Huat
authors: BH
authors: Bay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D008168:Lung; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000633:toxicity; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects