Functional relationships for determining similarities and differences in comparative cognition.
Pigeons, capuchin monkeys and rhesus monkeys were trained in nearly identical same/different tasks with an expanding 8-item training set and showed qualitatively similar functional relationships: increasing novel-stimulus transfer (i.e., concept learning) as a function of the training-set size and the level of transfer eventually becoming equivalent to baseline training performance. There were also some quantitative functional differences: pigeon transfer increases were more gradual and baseline-equivalent transfer occurred at a larger set size (256 items) than for monkeys (128 items). Other pigeon groups trained at 32 and 64-item initial set sizes showed improved transfer (relative to expanding the 8-item training set), equivalent to the monkey species' transfer at these same training set sizes. This finding of equivalent concept learning over a portion of the functional range (8, 32, and 64 items or 64-4096 training pairs) is discussed in terms of species differences: carryover effects from smaller-set training, evolved neural systems, cognitive and cortical modules, and general distributed learning systems for "higher-order" cognitive abilities.
Wright
Anthony A
AA
Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical School, University of Texas Health Center at Houston, P.O. Box 20708, Houston, TX 77225, USA. anthony.a.wright@uth.tmc.edu
D000818:Animals; D002428:Cebus; D003071:Cognition; D010856:Columbidae; D003210:Concept Formation; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005793:Generalization, Psychological; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D013045:Species Specificity; D014163:Transfer, Psychology