title: Certain antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) as early warning biomarkers of soil copper exposure.
abstract: Copper (Cu) is a major heavy metal contaminant with various anthropogenic and natural sources. Recently, using biomarkers to monitor the effects of pollutants has attracted increased interest. Pot culture experiments using radish (Raphanus sativus L.) was performed to investigate Cu phytotoxic effects on antioxidant enzymes and other early warning biomarkers of soil Cu exposure. Under low dose Cu stress (lower than the EC10, Cu concentration reducing root length by 10%), activity and isozyme expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidases (POD) increased significantly; no significant variations in chlorophyll, carotenoid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content in leaves and toxic symptoms were observed. Under a slightly higher Cu stress (close to the EC10), activity and isozyme expression of SOD and MDA content were enhanced significantly; those of CAT and POD decreased due to an inverted U-shape dose response. Chlorophyll content remained unchanged. Thus, antioxidant enzymes and MDA content are more sensitive to Cu stress, showing significant variations ahead of chlorophyll and toxic symptoms under Cu stress (lower than about 200 mg kg(-1) soil). Thus, the joint monitoring of antioxidant enzymes and MDA content of R. sativus can be used as biomarkers of soil Cu contamination.
authors: Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-Environmental Engineering, College of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Sichuan, Ya'an 625014, People's Republic of China.
authors: Bai-Ye
authors: BY
authors: Sun
authors: Shi-Hong
authors: SH
authors: Kan
authors: Yan-Zong
authors: YZ
authors: Zhang
authors: Shi-Huai
authors: SH
authors: Deng
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Yuan
authors: Hui
authors: H
authors: Qi
authors: Gang
authors: G
authors: Yang
authors: Li
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Xiao-Hong
authors: XH
authors: Zhang
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Xiao
authors: Ying-Jun
authors: YJ
authors: Wang
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Peng
authors: Yuan-Wei
authors: YW
authors: Li
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000032:analysis*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D031224:Raphanus / Q000378:metabolism*; D012989:Soil Pollutants
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002338:Carotenoids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D003300:Copper; D010088:Oxidoreductases