title: UNSUSPECTED FATAL DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN A CLOSELY MONITORED CHILD: A PLEA FOR IMPROVED SOURCE-CASE TRACING AND DRUG SUSCEPTIBILITY TESTING.
abstract: We report a case of rapidly progressive miliary tuberculosis in a 21-month old HIV-infected girl exposed to tuberculosis, despite early access to highly active antiretroviral therapy and proven adherence to isoniazid chemoprophylaxis. Post mortem revealed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. This case report illustrates the consequences of inadequate programmatic management of children exposed to an adult case of sputum smear-positive multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. Drug susceptibility testing of the adult source case should become standard of care for all children who have been in close contact with a case of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis, and the choice of chemoprophylactic agents should be based on the sensitivities of the source case organism.
authors: KID-CRU (Children's Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Unit), Tygerberg Children's Hospital and Stellenbosch University.
authors: Steve
authors: S
authors: Innes
authors: H Simon
authors: HS
authors: Schaaf
authors: Kim Gp
authors: KG
authors: Hoek
authors: Helena
authors: H
authors: Rabie
authors: Mf
authors: M
authors: Cotton