Apolipoprotein B and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol are better risk markers for coronary artery disease than low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in hypertriglyceridemic metabolic syndrome patients.
BACKGROUND
Metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent in the general population. Small dense low-density lipoprotein (sd-LDL) particles have been considered as a risk marker in metabolic syndrome diagnosis. Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) concentration reflects the number of LDL particles and is closely associated with atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to compare the associations of ApoB, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (NHDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) with metabolic syndrome and its relationship with significant coronary stenosis (SCS) in a Tunisian population.


METHODS
We enrolled 192 patients, who underwent coronary angiography. The body mass index, blood lipids, fasting glucose, insulin concentration, and blood pressure of every patient were measured. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria.


RESULTS
The frequency of metabolic syndrome was 58.3%. The comparison of the lipidic parameters between subject with and without metabolic syndrome showed a significant increase in ApoB and NHDL-C but not in LDL-C. By considering triglyceride (TG) limits (TG ≤ 0.9 mmol/L and TG > 1.70 mmol/L), we noted no differences in ApoB, NHDL-C, and LDL-C between subjects with and without metabolic syndrome in triglyceridemia ≤0.9 mmol/L. In triglyceridemia >1.70 mmol/L, a significant increase in ApoB and NHDL-C, but not in LDL-C, was noted. These results seem to consolidate the probability of increased sd-LDL in hypertriglyceridemic metabolic syndrome subjects. Indeed, in our study the odds ratio (OR) of SCS associated with metabolic syndrome is 3.81 (P = 0.007) in the studied population. This risk increases to 8.70 (P = 0.026) in hypertriglyceridemic subjects and seems to be associated with ApoB and NHDL-C (OR = 1.87, P = 0.038; OR = 1.26, P = 0.048).


CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that ApoB and NHDL-C seem to be more correlated to SCS in metabolic syndrome with hypertriglyceridemia than LDL-C.
Boumaiza
Imen
I
Department of Biochemistry, University Hospital Shaloul, Sousse, Tunisia.
Omezzine
Asma
A
Rejeb
Jihene
J
Rebhi
Lamia
L
Kalboussi
Nesrine
N
Ben Rejeb
Nabila
N
Nabli
Naoufel
N
Ben Abdelaziz
Ahmed
A
Boughazala
Essia
E
Bouslama
Ali
A
D000368:Aged; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL