title: Successful HCV eradication and inhibition of HIV replication by intravenous silibinin in an HIV-HCV coinfected patient.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of antiviral therapy with pegylated interferon (PEGIFN) plus ribavirin (RBV) in patients with HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV) coinfection is limited. Intravenous silibinin (ivSIL), a milk thistle extract with proven antiviral effects represents a novel therapeutic strategy for virological nonresponders.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of an HIV-HCV coinfected patient, who has not responded to a prior course of PEGIFN-α2a (180 μg/week/s.c.) and RBV (1000 mg/day/p.o.). Testing for IL-28β small nucleotid polymorphism revealed the nonfavourable genotype T/T. Antiretroviral therapy was not prescribed because the patients presented with well-preserved CD4+ cell counts and low HIV-RNA levels. She received retreatment with ivSIL for two weeks followed by PEGIFN/RBV combination therapy starting at week 1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 2 weeks of ivSIL therapy both HCV-RNA and HIV-RNA become undetectable. On ivSIL monotherapy we noticed a trend towards an increase of CD4+ cell counts and a decrease of HIV-RNA. After 16 weeks PEGIFN+RBV was discontinued due to patients wish because of adverse events. HCV-RNA was still negative 24 weeks after cessation of therapy, while HIV-RNA returned to baseline levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ivSIL may represent a potential treatment option for retreatment of HIV-HCV coinfected patients nonresponding to PEGIFN+RBV combination therapy. Further investigations on the possible beneficial effects of ivSIL on CD4+ cell counts and HIV-RNA levels are necessary.
authors: Medical University of Vienna, Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors: B A
authors: BA
authors: Payer
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Reiberger
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Rutter
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Beinhardt
authors: A F
authors: AF
authors: Staettermayer
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Peck-Radosavljevic
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Ferenci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077385:Silybin; D012838:Silymarin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012838:Silymarin; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; D000077385:Silybin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a