title: Increased spontaneous production of VEGF by CD4+ T cells in type 1 diabetes.
abstract: In the present study we report that CD4(+) T cells from patients with type 1 diabetes produce significantly higher amounts of VEGF than respective cells from the healthy individuals. Among CD4(+) T cells memory subsets were the main source of VEGF. In addition, memory CD4(+) T subsets were the most numerous in patients with diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR was also characterized by significant increase of VEGF concentration in serum and culture supernatants. Hence, these data indicate that there is a sustained spontaneous production of VEGF by CD4(+) T cells in type 1 diabetes, which is additionally exacerbated in DR. In our opinion alterations in the proportions of CD4(+) T cell subsets and their VEGF production may be a useful tool for early assessment of the risk of DR onset and progression.
authors: Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Poland. natalia.marek@gumed.edu.pl
authors: Natalia
authors: N
authors: Marek
authors: Małgorzata
authors: M
authors: Myśliwiec
authors: Krystyna
authors: K
authors: Raczyńska
authors: Katarzyna
authors: K
authors: Zorena
authors: Jolanta
authors: J
authors: Myśliwska
authors: Piotr
authors: P
authors: Trzonkowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human