title: Favorable outcomes with machine perfusion and longer pump times in kidney transplantation: a single-center, observational study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypothermic machine perfusion (MP) preservation is used for all deceased donor kidney transplants at our center. Kidneys are placed in cold storage at retrieval, then transferred to MP on arrival. Because a lack of consensus regarding optimal use of MP still exists, we evaluated the overall impact of using MP at our center and the prognostic value of MP (Pump) time.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed 339 adult, primary deceased donor kidney transplant recipients who were pooled across three prospective, randomized immunosuppression trials (since 2000) at our center. In addition to providing overall results for delayed graft function (DGF) (requirement for dialysis in the first week), slow graft function (SGF), first biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR), and graft failure, stepwise logistic and Cox regression analyses were used to determine the prognostic value of pump time, particularly after controlling for other significant prognosticators.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean cold storage and pump times were 6.6 and 26.7 hr, consistent across immunosuppression protocols. Overall DGF and SGF rates were 4.4% (15/339) and 12.1% (41/339). DGF was equally low for pump time less than 24 vs. more than or equal to 24 hr, 5.2% (6/116) vs. 4.0% (9/223) (P=0.63), with similar results after adjusting for known DGF predictors. A significantly lower first BPAR rate was observed for longer pump time (as a continuous variable) among more immunologically active recipients (those having more risk factors: DGF, age <50 yr, and non-white) (univariable P=0.005; multivariable P=0.009), with an estimated hazard ratio of 0.43 (P=0.006) favoring pump time more than or equal to 24 hr among those with more than or equal to two risk factors. CONCLUSIONS.: In this single-center, observational study, MP with prolonged pump times was associated with low DGF/SGF and first BPAR rates, supporting continued use of MP.
authors: Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
authors: Gaetano
authors: G
authors: Ciancio
authors: Jeffrey J
authors: JJ
authors: Gaynor
authors: Junichiro
authors: J
authors: Sageshima
authors: Linda
authors: L
authors: Chen
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Roth
authors: Warren
authors: W
authors: Kupin
authors: Giselle
authors: G
authors: Guerra
authors: Lissett
authors: L
authors: Tueros
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: Zarak
authors: Lois
authors: L
authors: Hanson
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Ganz
authors: Phillip
authors: P
authors: Ruiz
authors: William W
authors: WW
authors: O'Neill
authors: Alan S
authors: AS
authors: Livingstone
authors: George W
authors: GW
authors: Burke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051799:Delayed Graft Function / Q000453:epidemiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome