title: FTO genotype and adiposity in children: physical activity levels influence the effect of the risk genotype in adolescent males.
abstract: Studies of the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene provide compelling evidence of genetic variation in the general population that influences fat levels and obesity risk. Studies of the interaction between genetic and environmental factors such as physical activity (PA) will promote the understanding of how lifestyle can modulate genetic contributions to obesity. In this study, we investigated the effect of FTO genotype, and interactions with PA or energy intake, in young children and adolescents. In all, 1-5-year-old children from the Growth, Exercise and Nutrition Epidemiological Study in preSchoolers (GENESIS) study (N=1980) and 11-18-year-old Greek adolescents (N=949) were measured for adiposity-related phenotypes and genotyped at the FTO single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) marker, rs17817449. Adolescents were classified as physically active or inactive based on self-reported levels of PA. In adolescents, FTO genotype influenced weight (P=0.001) and BMI (P=0.007). There was also a significant SNP(*)PA(*)gender interaction (P=0.028) on BMI, which reflected the association between FTO genotype and BMI in males (P=0.016), but not females (P=0.15), and significant SNP(*)PA interaction in males (P=0.007), but not females (P=0.74). The FTO genotype effect was more pronounced in inactive than active males. Inactive males homozygous for the G allele had a mean BMI 3 kg/m(2) higher than T carriers (P=0.008). In the GENESIS study, no significant association between FTO genotype and adiposity was found. The present findings highlight PA as an important factor modifying the effect of FTO genotype.
authors: Integrative and Systems Biology, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
authors: Robert A
authors: RA
authors: Scott
authors: Mark E S
authors: ME
authors: Bailey
authors: Colin N
authors: CN
authors: Moran
authors: Richard H
authors: RH
authors: Wilson
authors: Noriyuki
authors: N
authors: Fuku
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Tanaka
authors: Athanasios
authors: A
authors: Tsiokanos
authors: Athanasios Z
authors: AZ
authors: Jamurtas
authors: Evangelia
authors: E
authors: Grammatikaki
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Moschonis
authors: Yannis
authors: Y
authors: Manios
authors: Yannis P
authors: YP
authors: Pitsiladis
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D000071516:Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO; C526492:FTO protein, human