title: Analysis of genetic variations in the human melatonin receptor (MTNR1A, MTNR1B) genes and antipsychotics-induced tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antipsychotics-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD) has been suggested to be related to altered dopaminergic neurotransmission in the striatum. Melatonin has a modulating effect on dopaminergic neurotransmission in the brain; therefore, the hypothesis of an association between the melatonin receptor genes (MTNR1A, MTNR1B) and antipsychotics-induced TD was examined in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Schizophrenic inpatients receiving long-term antipsychotic treatment were assessed using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, and only patients who were either free of any abnormal involuntary movement (non-TD group) or who demonstrated persistent TD (TD group) were enrolled. Genotyping of six tagging single nucleus polymorphisms (SNPs) in the melatonin receptor genes (MRNR1A, MTNR1B) was then performed for each subject.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred and eighteen inpatients (TD=256, non-TD=162) fitted the study criteria and underwent TD assessment and genotyping. Individual haplotype analysis showed that the haplotype ATG was significantly associated with non-TD (permutation P=0.037), and the association was also found to be significant by global haplotype analyses (permutation P=0.045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicated a significant association between the haplotype ATG in the MTNR1A gene and non-TD. Further replication in other countries or other populations is indicated.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors: I-Ching
authors: IC
authors: Lai
authors: Mao-Liang
authors: ML
authors: Chen
authors: Ying-Chieh
authors: YC
authors: Wang
authors: Jen-Yeu
authors: JY
authors: Chen
authors: Ding-Lieh
authors: DL
authors: Liao
authors: Ya-Mei
authors: YM
authors: Bai
authors: Chao-Cheng
authors: CC
authors: Lin
authors: Tzu-Ting
authors: TT
authors: Chen
authors: Ying-Jay
authors: YJ
authors: Liou
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D044094:Receptors, Melatonin / Q000235:genetics*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D044094:Receptors, Melatonin