Weight gain induced by an isocaloric pair-fed high fat diet: a nutriepigenetic study on FASN and NDUFB6 gene promoters.
Experimental studies have demonstrated that dietary macronutrient distribution plays an important role in insulin regulation, a risk factor associated to obesity, diabetes and other metabolic disorders. To assess whether the macronutrient composition of the diet could be related to obesity onset by affecting the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, we investigated in rats the metabolic effects of two pair-fed isocaloric diets: control (rich in carbohydrates) and high fat diet (rich in fat; HFD). Compared to controls, HFD induced higher weight gain and adiposity and impaired glucose tolerance, which was accompanied by a slight increase in adiponectin levels and liver steatosis. Epididymal adipose tissue expression of the fatty acid synthase (FASN) gene and NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1β-subcomplex 6 (NDUFB6) were significantly reduced in HFD group. These variations in mRNA levels were accompanied by changes in the methylation patterns of several CpG islands located in the promoter region of these genes. However, no correlations were found between gene expression and the methylation status. These results suggest that high fat intake produces overweighted rats independently of total energy intake. These diets could also induce some epigenetic changes in the promoters of key genes that could influence gene expression and may be behind metabolic alterations.
Lomba
Almudena
A
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Physiology and Toxicology. University of Navarra, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
Martínez
J Alfredo
JA
García-Díaz
Diego F
DF
Paternain
Laura
L
Marti
Amelia
A
Campión
Javier
J
Milagro
Fermín I
FI
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057890:Epigenomics; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
D004041:Dietary Fats; C553870:NDUFB6 protein, rat; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases