New guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of insomnia.
The Brazilian Sleep Association brought together specialists in sleep medicine, in order to develop new guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of insomnias. The following subjects were discussed: concepts, clinical and psychosocial evaluations, recommendations for polysomnography, pharmacological treatment, behavioral and cognitive therapy, comorbidities and insomnia in children. Four levels of evidence were envisaged: standard, recommended, optional and not recommended. For diagnosing of insomnia, psychosocial and polysomnographic investigation were recommended. For non-pharmacological treatment, cognitive behavioral treatment was considered to be standard, while for pharmacological treatment, zolpidem was indicated as the standard drug because of its hypnotic profile, while zopiclone, trazodone and doxepin were recommended.
Pinto
Luciano Ribeiro
LR
Brazilian Sleep Association, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. luciano@psicobio.epm.br
Alves
Rosana Cardoso
RC
Caixeta
Eliazor
E
Fontenelle
John Araujo
JA
Bacellar
Andrea
A
Poyares
Dalva
D
Aloe
Flavio
F
Rizzo
Geraldo
G
Minhoto
Gisele
G
Bittencourt
Lia Rita
LR
Ataide
Luiz
L
Assis
Márcia
M
Pradella-Hallinan
Márcia
M
Pinto
Maria Christina Ribeiro
MC
Rodrigues
Raimundo Nonato D
RN
Hasan
Rosa
R
Fonseca
Ronaldo
R
Tavares
Stella
S
D000208:Acute Disease; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D012955:Societies, Medical
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives