title: Multiple primary malignant tumors of upper gastrointestinal tract: a novel role of 18F-FDG PET/CT.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the capacity of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) for detecting multiple primary cancer of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients (12 without cancer histories and 3 with histories of upper GI tract cancer) were investigated due to the suspicion of primary cancer of UGI tract on X-ray barium meal and CT scan. Subsequent whole body (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan was carried out for initial staging or restaging. All the patients were finally confirmed by endoscopic biopsy or surgery. The detection rate of multiple primary malignant cancers was calculated based on (18)F-FDG PET/CT and endoscopic examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan was positive in 32 suspicious lesions, 30/32 were true positive primary lesions, and 2/32 were false positive. In 15 suspicious lesions with negative (18)F-FDG PET/CT scan, 12/15 were true negative and 3/15 were false negative. Among the 15 patients, 12 patients had 29 primary synchronous tumors confirmed by pathology, including 8 cases of esophageal cancers accompanied with gastric cancer and 4 of hypopharynx cancers with esophageal cancer. The other 3 patients had 4 new primary metachronous tumors, which were multiple primary esophageal cancers. PET/CT imaging detected local lymph node metastases in 11 patients. Both local lymph node metastases and distant metastases were detected in 4 patients. On a per-primary lesion basis, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, negative predictive value and positive predictive value of (18)F-FDG PET/CT for detecting multiple primary cancer of UGI tract were 90.9%, 85.7%, 89.4%, 80% and 93.7%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The whole body (18)F-FDG PET/CT may play an important role in evaluating the multiple primary malignant tumors of UGI tract cancer.
authors: Minnan PET Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian Province, China.
authors: Long
authors: L
authors: Sun
authors: Ying
authors: Y
authors: Wan
authors: Qin
authors: Q
authors: Lin
authors: Yong-Hong
authors: YH
authors: Sun
authors: Long
authors: L
authors: Zhao
authors: Zuo-Ming
authors: ZM
authors: Luo
authors: Hua
authors: H
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002681:China; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D051598:Whole Body Imaging
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18