title: Association of interferon-gamma, interleukin-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene polymorphisms with occurrence and severity of Eales' disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Eales' disease (ED) is an idiopathic retinal vasculitis characterized by capillary nonperfusion and neovascularization. Previous reports on ED demonstrated that T-cell-mediated immunoresponse and differential cytokine production in inflammatory and angiogenic stage seem to influence the extent and severity of this disease. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the influence of cytokine gene polymorphisms on occurrence and severity of ED.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-one patients with ED were recruited from an Eastern Indian population and compared with 223 matched healthy control subjects. Genotyping of IFN-γ, IL-10, and TNF-α were performed by amplification refractory mutation system polymerase chain reaction (ARMS-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant association was found between the IL-10 -1082AA (P = 0.002), TNF-α -308AA (P = 0.0017) genotypes and the IL-10 ATA haplotype (P = 0.0123) and the occurrence of ED. In addition IL-10 -1082GG (P = 0.0005), TNF-α -308GG (P < 0.0001) genotype were found to be protective against disease occurrence. A synergistically low IL-10/high TNF-α genotype increased the risk of development (P < 0.0001) and the severity (P = 0.019) of ED.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that a low IL-10-expressing and high TNF-α-expressing genotype of the host can influence the occurrence and severity of outcome of ED.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, Dr. B. C. Roy Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Education and Research, Kolkata, India.
authors: Aditi
authors: A
authors: Sen
authors: Suman Kalyan
authors: SK
authors: Paine
authors: Imran Hussain
authors: IH
authors: Chowdhury
authors: Lakshmi Kanta
authors: LK
authors: Mondal
authors: Amrita
authors: A
authors: Mukherjee
authors: Atanu
authors: A
authors: Biswas
authors: Subhankar
authors: S
authors: Chowdhury
authors: Sujata
authors: S
authors: Bhattacharya
authors: Basudev
authors: B
authors: Bhattacharya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005784:Gene Amplification; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000145:classification / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000145:classification / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma