Knowledge of and attitudes towards depression and adherence to treatment: the Antidepressant Adherence Scale (AAS).
BACKGROUND
Non-adherence to treatment can result from forgetting, carelessness, stopping the drug when feeling worse, or stopping the drug when feeling better.


OBJECTIVE
To develop and psychometrically assess a brief instrument that can be easily used in clinical practice to measure adherence to antidepressants.


METHODS
We developed the Antidepressants Adherence Scale (AAS); a self report rating scale including four items to assess the degree to which forgetting, carelessness, and stopping due to feeling worse or feeling better interfere with adherence in the last 4 weeks. Our proposed four-item adherence instrument was developed based on previous research and theory.


METHODS
Experts in mood disorders (n=12) participated in the formal validity assessment of the instrument, and the developed instrument was administered to patients who were prescribed antidepressants (n=63). All patients also completed a multiple choice question instrument to measure knowledge of depression, and a Likert self report questionnaire to assess attitudes towards depression and its treatment.


RESULTS
There was 90% agreement among experts that the items were highly relevant providing strong evidence for content validity. Also, there was empirical evidence for validity. There were significant correlations (p<0.05) between knowledge and attitude subscales and adherence items. The internal consistency reliability (Cronbach's alpha) was 0.66 for the instrument.


CONCLUSIONS
Knowledge of and attitudes to depression and its treatment may have significant impact on the adherence to antidepressants. The AAS can be used in clinical settings (2-3 min to administer) to evaluate patients' adherence to antidepressants.
Gabriel
Adel
A
University of Calgary And Calgary Health region, Canada. gabriel@ucalgary.ca
Violato
Claudio
C
D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D019263:Dysthymic Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055118:Medication Adherence / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires