Zeeman laser interferometer errors for high-precision measurements.
We present a theoretical analysis of the errors of a Zeeman laser interferometer due to the nonorthogonally elliptic polarizations of laser modes. The polarizations make the measured Doppler frequency-shift signal become a modulated and nonharmonic signal and make the phase shift unstable and nonrepeatable when the signal is measured by a phasemeter. If the orthogonality error between two major axes of the laser polarizations is 6 degrees , the relative errors of the phasemeter output will exceed 200% when the measured phase shift is changed from -16.2 degrees to +3.5 degrees . We also introduce a way to eliminate the errors.
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