Electrochemistry-on-chip for on-line conversions in drug metabolism studies.
We have designed an integrated 3-electrode electrochemical cell on-chip with high analyte conversion rates for use in drug metabolism studies. The electrochemical cell contains platinum working and counter electrodes and an iridium oxide pseudo-reference electrode. The pseudo-reference electrode has a pH sensitivity of -52 mV/s, and thus will provide a constant potential in solutions with known and constant pH. The average drift of the iridium oxide electrode is below 5 mV for a typical 15 min conversion experiment. We have been able to mimic the oxidative drug metabolism reactions catalysed by enzymes of the cytochrome P-450 family, normally occurring in the human body. With the chip, the different reaction products of both rat liver cell microsome and human liver cell microsome incubations have been observed.
Odijk
M
M
BIOS--the Lab-on-a-Chip group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. m.odijk@utwente.nl
Baumann
A
A
Olthuis
W
W
van den Berg
A
A
Karst
U
U
D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007495:Iridium; D056656:Lab-On-A-Chip Devices; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D010984:Platinum; D011342:Procainamide / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; C044458:iridium oxide; D007495:Iridium; D010984:Platinum; D011342:Procainamide