title: Beneficial effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor on small-diameter heparin immobilized decellularized vascular graft.
abstract: Autologous recellularization of decellularized scaffolds is a promising challenge in the field of tissue-engineered vascular graft and could be boosted by endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) treatment on this process. Heparin immobilized decellularized grafts were fabricated and implanted into 48 rats, of which 25 rats received G-CSF (50 ug/kg/day) for 14 days after operation (G-CSF group) and other 23 received saline serving as control. Five animals of each group were euthanized at 2 weeks for analysis of early graft endothelialization; whereas the rest were investigated by Doppler ultrasound to monitor the graft patency rate up to 6 months. After 14 days of G-CSF administration, the number of CD(34) (+)/CD(133) (+) progenitor cells was increased by 16.2 folds, and endothelial cell-specific immunostaining revealed an enhancement of early endothelialization in G-CSF group. After 6 months of implantation, the G-CSF treated grafts exhibited a significantly smaller hyperplastic neointima area compared with the controls, not only at midportion (0.38 ± 0.02 vs. 0.47 ± 0.07 mm(2), p < 0.0001), but also at distal anastomosis (0.42 ± 0.04 vs. 0.70 ± 0.13 mm(2), p < 0.0001). Moreover, G-CSF treated grafts had a higher patency rate compared with the control animals (19/20 vs. 12/18, p = 0.005). In conclusion, G-CSF-induced mobilization of circulating EPCs regenerated endothelium and inhibited neointimal hyperplasia of small-diameter heparinized decellularized vascular graft. This cytokine therapy may be a feasible strategy for the improvement of patency rate of the novel allogeneic graft.
authors: Department of Vascular Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, People's Republic of China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Zhou
authors: Zhao
authors: Z
authors: Liu
authors: Kun
authors: K
authors: Li
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Qiao
authors: Xuefeng
authors: X
authors: Jiang
authors: Feng
authors: F
authors: Ran
authors: Tong
authors: T
authors: Qiao
authors: Changjian
authors: C
authors: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008422:Materials Testing; D010973:Platelet Adhesiveness; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D006493:Heparin