title: Isolation of quiescent human pancreatic stellate cells: a promising in vitro tool for studies of human pancreatic stellate cell biology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play a critical role in pancreatic fibrosis. To date, human PSC biology has been studied using cancer- or inflammation-associated (pre-activated) PSCs, but an in vitro model of quiescent normal human PSCs (NhPSCs) has been lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To (i) isolate and characterize quiescent NhPSCs, and (ii) evaluate the response of culture-activated NhPSCs to cytokines and LPS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quiescent NhPSCs were isolated from normal pancreatic tissue using density gradient centrifugation. PSC markers, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), desmin, α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) and the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) receptors TLR4 and CD14 were identified by immunoblotting and immunocytochemistry. The effect of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) and LPS on NhPSC activation was also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Freshly isolated NhPSCs displayed a polygonal appearance with refringent cytoplasmic lipid droplets. Culture-activated NhPSCs expressed GFAP, desmin, αSMA, TLR4 and CD14, and were responsive to PDGF, TGFβ and LPS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated NhPSCs expressed the same markers as rat PSCs and human cancer-associated PSCs and responded to PDGF and TGFβ similarly to rat PSCs. NhPSC preparations provide a useful in vitro tool to study the biology of PSCs in their physiological, non-activated state. and IAP.
authors: Pancreatic Research Group, South Western Sydney Clinical School and School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Vonlaufen
authors: Phoebe A
authors: PA
authors: Phillips
authors: Lu
authors: L
authors: Yang
authors: Zhihong
authors: Z
authors: Xu
authors: Eva
authors: E
authors: Fiala-Beer
authors: Xuguo
authors: X
authors: Zhang
authors: Romano C
authors: RC
authors: Pirola
authors: Jeremy S
authors: JS
authors: Wilson
authors: Minoti V
authors: MV
authors: Apte
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002469:Cell Separation; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D003893:Desmin / Q000378:metabolism; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D058954:Pancreatic Stellate Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D015415:Biomarkers; D003893:Desmin; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta