Background bisphenol A in experimental materials and its implication to low-dose in vitro study.
In vitro low-dose studies are important to understand the mechanisms of bisphenol A (BPA) action. BPA doses used in current in vitro studies varied considerably, and doses as low as 10(-15)M have been reported. The actual doses of BPA used in the in vitro low-dose studies were rarely checked analytically, and the background BPA levels in experimental materials, which will determine the lowest BPA dose to be used, should be investigated or considered. In this study, the background BPA levels in various materials typically used in in vitro low-dose studies for BPA were investigated. Background BPA levels from the use of disposable pipettes and pipette tips were low (<0.20 ng mL(-1) or 0.88 nM). BPA was also detected in several commercial buffer solutions at levels close to the method limit of quantification (LOQ) (0.02 ng mL(-1); 0.088 nM). However, BPA was detected in all cell culture media obtained from various sources at levels ranging from 0.080 to 4.26 ng mL(-1) (or 0.35 to 19 nM) with an average of 0.83 ng mL(-1) (3.5 nM). We suggest that culture media used for low-dose BPA studies should be analysed for background BPA levels prior to use, and the medium with the lowest BPA levels should be used.
Cao
Xu-Liang
XL
Food Research Division, Bureau of Chemical Safety, Food Directorate, Health Canada, 251 Sir Frederick Banting Driveway, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Xu-Liang.Cao@hc-sc.gc.ca
Corriveau
Jeannette
J
Popovic
Svetlana
S
Coughlan
Melanie C
MC
Chepelev
Nikolai
N
Willmore
William
W
Schrader
Timothy
T
Jin
Xiaolei
X
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D011126:Polypropylenes / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010636:Phenols; D011126:Polypropylenes; D011137:Polystyrenes; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds