Regulation of TGF-beta signalling by protein phosphatases.
Tight regulation of TGF-beta (transforming growth factor-beta) superfamily signalling is important for normal cellular functions and tissue homoeostasis. Since TGF-beta superfamily signalling pathways are activated by a short phosphorylation cascade, from receptor phosphorylation to subsequent phosphorylation and activation of downstream signal transducer R-Smads (receptor-activated Smads), reversible phosphorylation serves as a critical step to assure proper TGF-beta signalling. The present article will review the current progress on the understanding of dynamic phosphorylation in TGF-beta signalling and the essential role of protein phosphatases in this process.
Liu
Ting
T
Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Feng
Xin-Hua
XH
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051785:Smad Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases