title: Effectiveness of integrative and instrumental reminiscence therapies on depression symptoms reduction in institutionalized older adults: an empirical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reminiscence therapy is a psychological intervention which is specifically designed to address issues of particular relevance to older adults, such as depression. The latest approach to the research on therapeutic utility of reminiscence is gaining popularity among researchers and practitioners, and has yielded promising results. Specifying different types of reminiscence is a crucial component of the approach. The aim of this study was to examine the therapeutic effectiveness of integrative and instrumental types of reminiscence for the treatment of depression in institutionalized older adults dwelling in a nursing home.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study employed a three-group pre-post-test design with random allocation to instrumental or integrative reminiscence or an active social discussion control condition. Twenty-nine institutionalized older adults (12 men and 17 women) with depressive symptoms varying from mild to severe constituted the sample. The interventions were implemented in a short-form group format.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of changes from pre-test to post-test revealed that integrative reminiscence therapy led to statistically significant reduction in symptoms of depression in contrast with the control group. Although instrumental reminiscence therapy also reduced depressive symptoms, this improvement was not statistically significant compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides additional support for the effectiveness of integrative reminiscence therapy as an intervention for depressed older adults living in residential care settings. This study also provides support for the hypothesis that certain types of reminiscence produce their own specific effects.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Psychology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran. akmkarimi@gmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dolatshahee
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Momeni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khodabakhshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kamrani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054521:Cultural Competency / Q000523:psychology; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome