title: [Epidemiological and molecular biological analysis of causes of rise of hepatitis A incidence in Republic of Tuva in 2008].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Analysis of hepatitis A (HA) incidence in Tyva Republic in 2008 exploiting traditional epidemiological and molecular methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidemiological analysis of HA cases and contact persons in Erzinsky and Kyzyl regions of Tyva Republic was performed. Class M and G antibodies to HAV were determined in serum samples (n = 28), and HAV RNA--in stool samples (n = 16). Phylogenetic analysis of HAV RNA sequence was performed for VP1/2A region of the HAV genome with length 394 nucleotides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cases of HA were registered during 3.5 months. Water supply sources did not have deviations from established standards. According to results of interviews, common food factor, which was able to cause the rise of HA incidence, was not determined. Signs of fecal contamination were revealed on environmental objects in preschool institutions and schools that demonstrate the low level of hygienic behaviour. It was shown that all cases of HA are related with different variants of the virus belonged to genotype IA that points to the absence of common source of infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of epidemiological and genetic analysis of HAV demonstrate that observed rise in HA incidence in Tyva Republic are connected with phase of seasonal rise of HA incidence, which is characteristic for its perennial dynamics with active realization of contact route of virus transmission.
authors.forename: O E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Popova
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kiuregian
authors.forename: L Iu
authors.initials: LIu
authors.lastname: Il'chenko
authors.forename: O V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Isaeva
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Kozhanova
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Dmitriev
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Salchak
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Glushko
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Saryglar
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Oorzhak
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Oorzhak
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Mikhaĭlov
mesh_terms: D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000453:epidemiology*; D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D030041:Hepatitis A virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006920:Hygiene; D015994:Incidence; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012621:Seasons; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral; C096539:VP1 protein, hepatitis A virus; D014764:Viral Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C057400:picornain 2A, Picornavirus