title: Insular cortex activity is associated with effects of negative expectation on nociceptive long-term habituation.
abstract: It is generally accepted that acute painful experience is influenced by context information shaping expectation and modulating attention, arousal, stress, and mood. However, little is known about the nature, duration, and extent of this effect, particularly regarding the negative expectation. We used a standardized longitudinal pain paradigm and painful heat test stimuli in healthy participants over a time course of 8 consecutive days, inducing nociceptive habituation over time. Thirty-eight healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to two different groups. One group received the information that the investigators expected the pain intensity to increase over time (context group). The other group was not given any information (control group). All participants rated the pain intensity of the daily standardized pain paradigm on a visual analog scale. In agreement with previous studies the pain ratings in the control group habituated over time. However, the context group reported no change of pain ratings over time. Functional imaging data showed a difference between the two groups in the right parietal operculum. These data suggest that a negative context not only has an effect on immediate pain but can modulate perception of pain in the future even without experience/conditioning. Neuronally, this process is mediated by the right opercular region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Rea
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Raecke
authors.forename: Beril
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Doganci
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Breimhorst
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stankewitz
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Büchel
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Birklein
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: May
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D055815:Young Adult