title: Altered distributions of Gemini of coiled bodies and mitochondria in motor neurons of TDP-43 transgenic mice.
abstract: TAR DNA-binding protein-43 (TDP-43), a DNA/RNA-binding protein involved in RNA transcription and splicing, has been associated with the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases, including ALS. However, the function of TDP-43 in motor neurons remains undefined. Here we use both gain- and loss-of-function approaches to determine roles of TDP-43 in motor neurons. Mice expressing human TDP-43 in neurons exhibited growth retardation and premature death that are characterized by abnormal intranuclear inclusions composed of TDP-43 and fused in sarcoma/translocated in liposarcoma (FUS/TLS), and massive accumulation of mitochondria in TDP-43-negative cytoplasmic inclusions in motor neurons, lack of mitochondria in motor axon terminals, and immature neuromuscular junctions. Whereas an elevated level of TDP-43 disrupts the normal nuclear distribution of survival motor neuron (SMN)-associated Gemini of coiled bodies (GEMs) in motor neurons, its absence prevents the formation of GEMs in the nuclei of these cells. Moreover, transcriptome-wide deep sequencing analysis revealed that a decrease in abundance of neurofilament transcripts contributed to the reduction of caliber of motor axons in TDP-43 mice. In concert, our findings indicate that TDP-43 participates in pathways critical for motor neuron physiology, including those that regulate the normal distributions of SMN-associated GEMs in the nucleus and mitochondria in the cytoplasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Division of Neuropathology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205-2196, USA.
authors.forename: Xiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Po-Min
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D020541:Coiled Bodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins