title: Xanthones, biflavanones and triterpenes from Pentadesma grandifolia (Clusiaceae): structural determination and bioactivity.
abstract: Stem bark, roots, leaves and fruits of Pentadesma grandifolia Baker f. (Clusiaceae) have been analyzed for the presence of xanthones, biflavonoids and triterpenoids. Isolated and identified structures include the xanthones cowagarcinone B (1) and alpha-mangostin (2), further the two biflavanones 3,8"-binaringenin (3) and the corresponding 3,6"-binaringenin (4), which is here reported as natural constituent for the first time. Structures were determined by NMR and mass spectrometry, as well as by 13C-NMR CSEARCH and SPECINFO database systems. The triterpenes lupeol (5), beta-amyrin (6) and betulin (7) were also encountered. Compounds 2 - 4 exhibited antifungal activity against Cladosporium sphaerospermum. Results are discussed in context to organ-specific accumulation and to other bioactivities that may relate to the ethnomedicinal uses of this species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany - Chemodiversity Research Group, Faculty Center of Biodiversity, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Wien, Austria.
authors.forename: Grace Leontine Nwabouloun
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Djoufack
authors.forename: Karin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Valant-Vetschera
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schinnerl
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brecker
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorbeer
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Robien
mesh_terms: D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002963:Cladosporium / Q000187:drug effects; D028084:Clusiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044004:Xanthones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D044946:Biflavonoids; D014315:Triterpenes; D044004:Xanthones