title: Activity investigation of pinostrobin towards herpes simplex virus-1 as determined by atomic force microscopy.
abstract: In the present study, the antiviral activity of pinostrobin towards herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) was investigated by MTT assay and atomic force microscopy. Pinostrobin can inhibit HSV-1 replication with 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) of 22.71 ± 1.72 μg/ml. MTT assay showed HSV-1 was significantly inhibited when pretreated with pinostrobin, with the inhibition of 85.69 ± 2.59%. Significant changes in morphology and size of HSV-1 were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) in response to pinostrobin treatment. AFM topography and phase images showed that with increasing time, the envelope was shedded and damaged, finally leading to virus inactivation. With increasing concentration, pinostrobin caused a gradual leakage, also contributing to breakage of the envelope and virus inactivation. Treatment effect of oral pinostrobin in vivo showed that pinostrobin (50mg/kg/dose) possesses definite therapeutical effect in the development of lesion score. In general, the results showed that AFM represents a powerful technique for the investigation of morphology and size of HSV-1 treated by antiviral agents. AFM is applicable to study chemically induced morphological changes at the nanometer level.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Yuangang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zu
authors.forename: Yujie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Zhiguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ronghua
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Efferth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D044950:Flavanones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D044950:Flavanones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C411294:pinostrobin