title: Microarray analysis of the effect of dexamethasone on murine cochlear explants.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The microarray analysis identified 39 genes up- or down-regulated by dexamethasone in the cultured tissue of mice cochlea. Of the eight genes most highly affected, several are suggested to have protective effects in the traumatized inner ear (Fkbp5, Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (Gilz), glutathione peroxidase 3) and for others, a plausible mechanism of action can be offered (claudin 10, glutamate-ammonia ligase). The present data may support the use of dexamethasone to treat acute sensorineural hearing loss. It is warrantable to test these results in the in vivo cochlea.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify genes whose expression is markedly up- or down-regulated by dexamethasone in the cochlear tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine cochlear tissue was cultured with or without dexamethasone for 48 h in vitro. The gene expression profiles were compared between the dexamethasone-treated and untreated cochlear tissue using a microarray that covers 33 696 transcripts (24 878 genes) of mice and quantitative real-time RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microarray analysis identified 39 genes that are up- or down-regulated by more than twofold in the presence of dexamethasone in the cochlear culture. Genes up- or down-regulated by at least threefold include Fkbp5, Gilz, glutathione peroxidase 3, claudin 10, glutamate-ammonia ligase, proteoglycan 1, integrin beta-like 1, and alpha subunit of glycoprotein hormone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan. maedayj@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Yukihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Misato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.forename: Richard J H
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003051:Cochlea / Q000187:drug effects*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003907:Dexamethasone