title: Relative association of treatment-emergent adverse events with quality of life of patients with schizophrenia: post hoc analysis from a 3-year observational study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relative association of adverse events with health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients (N = 16 091) with schizophrenia, treated with antipsychotic medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this post hoc analysis of data from two 3-year observational studies, a mixed effects model with repeated measures was used to evaluate the association between HRQL (EuroQoL visual analogue scale (EQ-VAS)) and pre-specified covariates including: severity of illness, extrapyramidal symptoms, tardive dyskinesia, sexual dysfunction, and clinically significant weight gain (> 7% increase from baseline after > or = 3 months of treatment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean EQ-VAS increased from 47.8 +/- 21.7 at baseline to 72.4 +/- 18.4 after 36 months. The rank order of the negative association of adverse events with HRQL was: sexual dysfunction (effect estimate -4.04; 95% CI -4.30 to -3.79), extrapyramidal symptoms (effect estimate -2.09; 95% CI -2.43 to -1.75), and tardive dyskinesia (effect estimate -0.89; 95% CI -1.46 to -0.32).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences were observed in the direction and magnitude of the association between each adverse event and HRQL. Recognition of the relative association of adverse events with HRQL may contribute to improved adherence of patients with schizophrenia to antipsychotic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly Perú, Lima, Perú. cadrianzen@lilly.com
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adrianzén
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arango-Dávila
authors.forename: Danilo Martínez
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ruíz
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Walton
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dossenbach
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Karagianis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011788:Quality of Life; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents