title: Cystoid macular edema secondary to fluconazole toxicity.
abstract: Fluconazole is an antifungal commonly used to treat Coccidioides immitis, but this medication has a number of side effects including fatigue, rash, headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and elevated liver enzymes. We are unaware of any cases of retinal toxicity related to fluconazole. In this case we present a 76 year old woman with longstanding Coccidioides treated with high dose fluconazole. She becomes symptomatic with fluconazole toxicity and subsequently develops bilateral cystoid macular edema. As her dose of fluconazole is decreased and she is transitioned to voriconazole the edema resolves and her visual acuity improves. This patient's clinical course illustrates retinal toxicity may present with high and prolonged doses of fluconazole.
authors.affiliation: Storm Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Magrath
authors.forename: Jose S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pulido
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montero
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003047:Coccidioidomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019233:Retreatment; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D015725:Fluconazole; D065819:Voriconazole