title: Long-term exposure to biomass fuel and its relation to systolic and diastolic biventricular performance in addition to obstructive and restrictive lung diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies have demonstrated an increased risk for cardiovascular events and pulmonary disease in patients with biomass fuel exposure (BFE). However, biventricular heart function has yet to be investigated in these patients. Left ventricular (LV) myocardial performance index (LVMPI), which is an index of global ventricular function, incorporates ejection, isovolumic relaxation, and contraction times. In this study, pulmonary function and biventricular heart function were investigated in nonsmoking female patients with BFE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our study population consisted of 46 female patients with BFE (group 1) and 31 control subjects (group 2). Pulmonary function tests and transthoracic echocardiographic examination were performed. Right ventricular myocardial performance index (RVMPI) and LVMPI were obtained by tissue Doppler imaging echocardiography (TDI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  BFE caused obstructive and restrictive spirometric impairments. RVMPI was higher in group 1 (0.55 ± 0.07) than group 2 (0.46 ± 0.06) (P = 0.042) and LVMPI was higher in group 1 (0.54 ± 0.08) than group 2 (0.47 ± 0.05) (P = 0.032). Also, pulmonary artery systolic pressure was higher in group 1 than group 2 (P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BFE causes both obstructive and/or restrictive lung disease and systolic and diastolic biventricular dysfunction. Nonetheless, long-term studies are needed to understand on BFE-related ventricular dysfunctions and to document subsequent cardiovascular events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kartal Kosuyolu Yuksek Ihtisas Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. ramazankargin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kargin
authors.forename: Feyza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kargin
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mutlu
authors.forename: Yunus
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Emiroglu
authors.forename: Selcuk
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pala
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akcakoyun
authors.forename: Soe Moe
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Aung
authors.forename: Reha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D056804:Biofuels / Q000633:toxicity*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013997:Time Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D056804:Biofuels