title: Television viewing time and risk of chronic kidney disease in adults: the AusDiab Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Television viewing time independent of physical activity is associated with a number of chronic diseases and related risk factors; however, its relationship with chronic kidney disease is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-sectional and prospective relationships of television viewing time with biomarkers of chronic kidney disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants of the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study attended the baseline (n = 10,847) and 5-year follow-up (n = 6,293) examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Television viewing was significantly associated with increased odds of prevalent albuminuria and low estimated glomerular filtration rate. In the gender-stratified analyses this pattern was seen for men, but not for women. In the longitudinal analyses, odds of de novo albuminuria and low estimated glomerular filtration rate were increased only in unadjusted models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Television viewing time may be directly related to markers of chronic kidney disease and through intertwined associated risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
authors.affiliation: The University of Queensland, School of Population Health, Cancer Prevention Research Centre, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Brigid M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Neville
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: Genevieve N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chadban
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dunstan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001315:Australia; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012306:Risk; D057185:Sedentary Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013690:Television
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers