Secular trend in age at menarche in indigenous and nonindigenous women in Chile.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the secular trend in age at menarche, comparing indigenous and nonindigenous women, and its relationship with socio-demographic, family and nutritional factors.


METHODS
A study (historical cohorts) of 688 indigenous and nonindigenous women, divided into four birth cohorts (1960-69, 1970-79, 1980-89, and 1990-96) in an area in central southern Chile was carried out. Data and measurements were collected by health professionals using a previously validated questionnaire. Age at menarche was self-reported (recall). Adjusted differences among cohorts were estimated using a multivariate regression model.


RESULTS
A secular trend (P < 0.001) in age at menarche was found in both ethnic groups, with no significant differences between them (P > 0.05). In an adjusted model, a reduction in age at menarche was estimated at 3.7 months per decade between 1960 and 1990. This trend was moderated by higher socio-economic level, smaller number of siblings, and cohabitation with a single parent during infancy.


CONCLUSIONS
The trend has occurred in a steady progression over time in indigenous women, whereas in nonindigenous women, it was slow initially but has accelerated in recent years. Nonindigenous women have maintained a slightly lower age of menarche than their indigenous counterparts.
Ossa
X M
XM
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, La Frontera University, Temuco, Chile. xossa@ufro.cl
Munoz
S
S
Amigo
H
H
Bangdiwala
S I
SI
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002677:Chile; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005191:Family Characteristics / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008572:Menarche / Q000208:ethnology*; D009752:Nutritional Status / Q000208:ethnology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires