title: [Diagnosis of peripheral lymph circulation disorders with contrast MR lymphangiography].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate anatomical and functional images of contrast MR lymphangiography in the diagnosis of limb lymphatic circulation disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  30 patients with limb lymphedema were enrolled in the study. There were 27 patients of primary lymphedema and 3 of secondary lymphedema. Contrast enhanced lymphangiography was performed with 3.0 T MR Unit after intracutaneous injection of gadobenate dimeglumine into the interdigital webs of the dorsal foot and hand. The kinetics of enhanced lymph flow within the lymphatics were calculated using the formula: Speed (cm) = total length of visualized lymph vessel (cm)/ inspection time (minutes) and by comparing dynamic nodal enhancement and time-signal intensity curves between edematous and contralateral limbs. Morphological abnormalities of the lymphatic system were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following injection of the contrast agent enhanced lymphatic channels were consistently visualized in all clinical lymphedematous limbs and five contralateral limbs of unilateral lymphedema cases. The speed of enhanced flow within the lymphatics of lymphedematous limbs ranged from 0.30 to 1.48 cm/min. The contrast enhancement in inguinal nodes of edematous limbs was significantly lower than that of contralateral limbs (P < 0.01). Dynamic measurement of contrast enhancement showed a remarkable lowering of peak time (P < 0.01) and peak enhancement (P < 0.01) and a delay in outflow in inguinal nodes of affected limbs compared with that of control limbs. Post-contrast MR imaging also depicted varied distribution patterns of lymphatics and abnormal lymph flow pathways within lymph nodes in the limbs with lymphatic circulation disorders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contrast MR lymphangiography with gadobenate dimeglumine was able to visualize the precise anatomy of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes in lymphedematous limbs. It also provided comprehensive information about the functional status of lymph flow transportation in lymphatics and lymph nodes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China. liuningfei@126.com
authors.forename: Ning-Fei
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zhao-Hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Chen-Guang
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008220:Lymphography / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult