title: Physical activity in women with ovarian cancer and its association with decreased distress and improved quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To document levels of and changes in physical activity before and after ovarian cancer diagnosis and explore associations with psychosocial outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 1207 eligible Australian Ovarian Cancer Study (AOCS) participants, 798 participated in an additional prospective Quality of Life (QoL) Study which measured anxiety, depression and QoL at 3-6 monthly intervals for 2 years beginning 3-48 months after diagnosis. AOCS asked about physical activity before diagnosis and 530 women also completed a one-off lifestyle questionnaire 7-64 months after diagnosis which assessed activity during their first and, if relevant, second-to-third and fourth-to-sixth years following diagnosis. Analysis of variance was used to relate physical activity to psychosocial outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost 40% of women decreased their physical activity in the first year after diagnosis. Approximately 25% still had lower levels after 2-3 and 4+years. Recent physical activity level was inversely associated with depression and positively associated with QoL (P<0.05). Also, women who maintained or increased their physical activity after diagnosis had better mean depression and QoL scores than women who decreased physical activity or remained inactive (P<0.05). Among women who received chemotherapy shortly prior to completing the lifestyle questionnaire, high versus low or medium physical activity was associated with significantly lower mean depression scores during both periods of treatment and non-treatment (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Many women did not regain their pre-morbid physical activity levels several years after ovarian cancer diagnosis. Low physical activity may simply be a consequence of poor well-being but, alternatively, physical activity may improve psychosocial health of this group.
authors.affiliation: Genetics and Population Health Division, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Qld., Australia. Vanessa.Beesley@qimr.edu.au
authors.forename: Vanessa L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Beesley
authors.forename: Melanie A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Phyllis N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Butow
authors.forename: Adèle C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Penelope M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult