title: Electrospun nanofibrous matrix improves the regeneration of dense cortical bone.
abstract: Numerous in vitro studies have indicated the potential of using electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds for tissue regeneration. However, few reports have demonstrated their utility in real tissue repair models. The present investigation tested the hypothesis that electrospun poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) nanofibrous membrane leads to dense cortical bone regeneration and improves the efficacy of currently-used collagenous guided bone regeneration (GBR) membrane. In vitro, the function of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) on nanofibrous scaffolds was evaluated. In an in vivo experiment, large bony defects were created in rabbit tibia and treated with a nanofiber-reinforced bilayer membrane, nanofibrous membrane, or collagenous membrane alone. Three and six weeks after operation, bone defect healing was assessed radiologically and histologically. In vitro differentiation studies showed that BMSCs had much higher expression of Runx2 and collagen type I, alpha 1 mRNAs, when cultured on nanofibrous scaffolds. The radiographic and histological data both showed that the group treated with bilayer membrane had more bony tissue formation at 3 weeks. Moreover, at 6 weeks, only the bilayer membrane-treated bone defects displayed better regeneration of cortical bone tissue, whereas in the other groups the defects were filled with spongy bone-like tissue. The results demonstrated that electrospun nanofibrous membrane improves the regeneration of cortical bone, suggesting that this type of membrane can be combined with current collagenous GBR membrane to improve guided bone regeneration technology.
authors.affiliation: Center for Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: You Zhi
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Lin Lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong Xin
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Yi Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Xiao Hui
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Hong Wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ouyang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D003094:Collagen