title: The influence of Adh function on ethanol preference and tolerance in adult Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: Preference determines behavioral choices such as choosing among food sources and mates. One preference-affecting chemical is ethanol, which guides insects to fermenting fruits or leaves. Here, we show that adult Drosophila melanogaster prefer food containing up to 5% ethanol over food without ethanol and avoid food with high levels (23%) of ethanol. Although female and male flies behaved differently at ethanol-containing food sources, there was no sexual dimorphism in the preference for food containing modest ethanol levels. We also investigated whether Drosophila preference, sensitivity and tolerance to ethanol was related to the activity of alcohol dehydrogenase (Adh), the primary ethanol-metabolizing enzyme in D. melanogaster. Impaired Adh function reduced ethanol preference in both D. melanogaster and a related species, D. sechellia. Adh-impaired flies also displayed reduced aversion to high ethanol concentrations, increased sensitivity to the effects of ethanol on postural control, and negative tolerance/sensitization (i.e., a reduction of the increased resistance to ethanol's effects that normally occurs upon repeated exposure). These data strongly indicate a linkage between ethanol-induced behavior and ethanol metabolism in adult fruit flies: Adh deficiency resulted in reduced preference to low ethanol concentrations and reduced aversion to high ones, despite recovery from ethanol being strongly impaired.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Neurobiology, Biozentrum, Am Hubland, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Maite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogueta
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cibik
authors.forename: Rouven
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eltrop
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Henrike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scholz
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000438:Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004361:Drug Tolerance / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000431:Ethanol; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase