Local warming at injection site helps alleviate pain after rocuronium administration.
OBJECTIVE
Various strategies have been proposed to reduce discomfort of pain after rocuronium injection. These studies have shown pretreatment of drugs such as fentanyl and lidocaine to be effective. In a prospective randomized study, we evaluated whether pretreatment with local warming at injection site using an air-warming device could effectively alleviate pain induced by rocuronium.


METHODS
Ninety patients undergoing spinal surgeries were randomly divided into two groups: group C (control) and group T (treatment). Patients in group T were subjected to warming at 40°C for 1 min prior to injecting 1 ml (10 mg) of rocuronium at the site of venous access. Patients were then assessed for any discomfort and to quantify their discomfort on a 5-point scale.


RESULTS
Age, sex, and weight were comparable between the two groups. Pain on rocuronium administration was reported by 88.9% patient in group C versus 66.7% in group T (p < 0.05). Severe pain was significantly less in group T (35.6% vs. 8.9%).


CONCLUSIONS
Application of warmth over the vascular access prior to rocuronium administration effectively reduces injection-related pain.
Mahajan
Charu
C
Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Neurosciences Center, Room No. 711, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
Rath
Girija Prasad
GP
Bithal
Parmod Kumar
PK
Prabhakar
Hemanshu
H
Yadav
Rahul
R
Dube
Surya Kumar
SK
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000732:Androstanols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077123:Rocuronium; D055815:Young Adult
D000732:Androstanols; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D000077123:Rocuronium