title: Interaction between Schwann cells and osteoblasts in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given the well-known properties of Schwann cells in promoting nerve regeneration, transplanting Schwann cells into implant sockets might be an effective method to promote sensory responses of osseointegrated implants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interaction between Schwann cells and osteoblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Schwann cells derived from the sciatic nerves of neonatal rat were co-culured with osteoblasts using Transwell inserts. The proliferation of Schwann cells in the co-culture system was evaluated using methylthiazol tetrazolium (MTT) colorimetric method. Moreover, the secretions and mRNA levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time PCR, respectively. In order to test the effect of Schwann cells on osteoblasts, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizerin red staining were performed as well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Schwann cells, which were co-cultured with the osteoblasts, showed an intact proliferation during the observation period. Moreover, the gene expression and synthesis of BDNF and NGF were not impaired by the osteoblasts. Meanwhile, co-cultured osteoblasts exhibited a significant increase in the proliferation on day 3 and 6 (P< 0.05). Co-culture of these two types of cells also led to a more intense staining of ALP and an elevated number of calcified nodules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that, in the in vitro indirect co-culture environment, Schwann cells can maintain their normal ability to synthesize neurotrophins, which then enhance the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts.
authors.affiliation: Bone Biology Research Laboratory, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
authors.forename: Xiao-xiao
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: En
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D015870:Gene Expression; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor