Plant hormone signaling lightens up: integrators of light and hormones.
Light is an important environmental signal that regulates diverse growth and developmental processes in plants. In these light-regulated processes, multiple hormonal pathways are often modulated by light to mediate the developmental changes. Conversely, hormone levels in plants also serve as endogenous cues in influencing light responsiveness. Although interactions between light and hormone signaling pathways have long been observed, recent studies have advanced our understanding by identifying signaling integrators that connect the pathways. These integrators, namely PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTOR 3 (PIF3), PIF4, PIF3-LIKE 5 (PIL5)/PIF1 and LONG HYPOCOTYL 5 (HY5), are key light signaling components and they link light signals to the signaling of phytohormones, such as gibberellin (GA), abscisic acid (ABA), auxin and cytokinin, in regulating seedling photomorphogenesis and seed germination. This review focuses on these integrators in illustrating how light and hormone interact.
Lau
On Sun
OS
Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8104, USA.
Deng
Xing Wang
XW
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D018525:Germination; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism*; D036226:Seedlings / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D005875:Gibberellins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C109254:HY5 protein, Arabidopsis; C116162:PIF3 protein, Arabidopsis; C459466:PIF4 protein, Arabidopsis; C497729:PIF5 protein, Arabidopsis; C508068:At2g20180 protein, Arabidopsis