title: Axolotl Nanog activity in mouse embryonic stem cells demonstrates that ground state pluripotency is conserved from urodele amphibians to mammals.
abstract: Cells in the pluripotent ground state can give rise to somatic cells and germ cells, and the acquisition of pluripotency is dependent on the expression of Nanog. Pluripotency is conserved in the primitive ectoderm of embryos from mammals and urodele amphibians, and here we report the isolation of a Nanog ortholog from axolotls (axNanog). axNanog does not contain a tryptophan repeat domain and is expressed as a monomer in the axolotl animal cap. The monomeric form is sufficient to regulate pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells, but axNanog dimers are required to rescue LIF-independent self-renewal. Our results show that protein interactions mediated by Nanog dimerization promote proliferation. More importantly, they demonstrate that the mechanisms governing pluripotency are conserved from urodele amphibians to mammals.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics, School of Biology, University of Nottingham, Queens Medical Centre, Nottingham NG2 2UH, UK.
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Allegrucci
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Redwood
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kump
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Jodie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chatfield
authors.forename: Yi-Hsien
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sottile
authors.forename: S Randal
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Voss
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alberio
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000558:Ambystoma mexicanum; D000663:Amphibians; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D051379:Mice; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C494174:Pou5f1 protein, mouse