Latitudinal variation in photoperiodic response of the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus in western North America.
Reproductive maturation in both male and female three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus was strongly photoperiodic in a northern population (Alaska, 61 degrees N) but not in a southern population (Oregon, 43 degrees N) from western North America. Increasing reliance on photoperiod with increasing latitude is a general phenomenon among vertebrates, and is probably due to the anticipation of a narrower window of opportunity for reproduction and development at higher latitudes.
Yeates-Burghart
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QS
Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403-5289, USA.
O'Brien
C
C
Cresko
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WA
Holzapfel
C M
CM
Bradshaw
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WE
D000413:Alaska; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D008297:Male; D009922:Oregon; D017440:Photoperiod; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000502:physiology*; D023701:Smegmamorpha / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*