Pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution of doxycycline in broiler chickens pretreated with either: diclazuril or halofuginone.
Following IV injection of doxycycline in a dose of 20 mg kg(-1) b.wt., its serum concentration was best fitted in two-compartment open model in chickens fed either on control or on anticoccidials-containing rations. Diclazuril and halofuginone resulted in a significant short distribution half-life (t(½α)) (7.17±0.39 and 11.88±1.05 min, respectively) and increased total body clearance (Cl(tot)) 0.37±0.024 and 0.295±0.034 L/kg/h, respectively. Following oral dosing the tested drug absorbed with t(½ab) of 41.38±1.6, 17.48±0.86 and 41.83±1.8 min, respectively and their C(max) values (3.18±0.18, 5.425±0.48 and 0.986±0.037 μg/ml) were attained at 2.07±0.097, 1.403±0.074 and 2.55±0.106 h. For doxycycline alone and in presence of diclazuril and halofuginone, respectively. Systemic bioavailability was 22.64±3.46, 86.74±9.23 and 22.38±3.09%, respectively. Following IM injection t(½ab) were 9.096±1.34 for doxycycline alone, 16.24±2.21 and 15.6±1.7 min in the presence of diclazuril and halofuginone, respectively. C(max) was 3.10±0.28, 4.63±0.57 and 0.55±0.07 μg/ml reached at 0.8±0.083, 1.13±0.126 and 1.21±0.105 h. For the antibiotic alone, and in presence of either diclazuril and halofuginone, respectively. Systemic bioavailability was 22.41±3.86, 88.97±12.9 and 12.31±0.99% in chickens fed on anticoccidial-free, diclazuril- and halofuginone-containing rations, respectively. Both the tested anticoccidials induced higher doxycycline tissue residues in all tested tissue samples.
El-Gendi
A Y I
AY
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt. drabobakrpharma@yahoo.com
Atef
M
M
Amer
Aziza M M
AM
Kamel
Gehan M
GM
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D003049:Coccidiostats / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D052999:Quinazolinones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014227:Triazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003049:Coccidiostats; D009570:Nitriles; D010880:Piperidines; D052999:Quinazolinones; D014227:Triazines; C057884:diclazuril; C010176:halofuginone; D004318:Doxycycline