title: Stressful negative life events and amalgam-related complaints.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of stressful life events in the onset of self-reported amalgam-related complaints is unclear. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between life events and amalgam-related complaints.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were selected from a longitudinal population-based study. One-to-one matching of 337 participants with amalgam-related complaints to 337 participants without such complaints was performed. For 81 of the participants with amalgam-related complaints and their matched controls, data was also available approximately 5 years before the onset of complaints, making longitudinal analysis possible. All participants completed questionnaires assessing the occurrence of 55 life events.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that many participants with amalgam-related complaints experienced negative life events before and at the onset of amalgam-related complaints. They also reported more unexpected and uncontrollable events difficult to adjust to in comparison with controls. The groups did not differ on positive or neutral life events. Somatic illness or surgical operation was the most common life event. Death of a very close family member and a major change in financial situation were also commonly reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that adverse negative life events could play a vital role in understanding and explaining amalgam-related complaints.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Population Studies/Ageing and Living Conditions Programme, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. anna.sundstrom@ddb.umu.se
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sundström
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergdahl
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nyberg
authors.forename: Maud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bergdahl
authors.forename: Lars-Göran
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003723:Dental Amalgam