title: Glanzmann thrombasthenia detected because of knee hemarthrosis: a case report.
abstract: Glanzmann thrombasthenia (GT) is a rare bleeding syndrome, which is characterized by a lack of platelet aggregation. We report a case of GT that was first detected because of the presence of hemarthrosis of the knee. The patient was an 8-year-old boy who presented with a sudden, painful left knee after outdoor games. Till the first visit to our hospital, he had not been diagnosed with GT despite a history of bleeding tendency, notably purpura in areas of easy bruising and prolonged bleeding time after abrasions and insect stings. Gross blood was found at arthrocentesis of the left knee, and GT was diagnosed on the basis of prolonged bleeding time, lack of platelet aggregation with ADP and collagen, and absence of platelet surface glycoprotein IIb/IIIa. Although hemarthrosis of GT is rare, this disease should be considered in a patient with bleeding tendency and prolonged bleeding time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School and School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. urakawa@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Urakawa
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsukushi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katsumi
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
mesh_terms: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D001760:Bleeding Time; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006395:Hemarthrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D035583:Rare Diseases; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013915:Thrombasthenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D014148:Tranexamic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D014148:Tranexamic Acid