Postprandial lipid-related metabolites are altered in dogs fed dietary diacylglycerol and low glycemic index starch during weight loss.
In this study, we investigated a combination of a low glycemic index starch (LGIS) and diacylglycerol (DAG) on lipid, lipoprotein (LP) metabolism, and weight management. Obese, intact female adult Beagle dogs were assigned to 1 of 4 starch/oil combination diets [LGIS/DAG (LD); LGIS/triacylglycerol (TAG); high glycemic index starch (HGIS)/DAG; and HGIS/TAG (HT)] and fed for 9 wk (n = 6/group) using an incomplete 4 × 4 Latin square design. Each dog was fed 1 of 2 opposite starch/oil combination diets (e.g. LD and HT). At wk 1 and 8, postprandial blood was collected for plasma triacylglycerol (TG), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), total cholesterol (TC), and LP analyses. During the same week, dogs were overnight feed-deprived and post-heparin blood was collected for LP lipase and hepatic lipase activity determinations. At wk 1, 4, and 8, blood was drawn from overnight feed-deprived dogs for plasma TG, BHB, TC, LP, leptin, and adiponectin measurements. Feces were collected at wk 3 for digestibility calculations. The LGIS diets resulted in lower carbohydrate, protein, total tract dry matter digestibilities, and metabolizable energy compared with the HGIS diet groups (P < 0.05). Thus, the LGIS groups lost more body weight (P = 0.001), which was positively correlated with plasma leptin concentrations (r(2) = 0.427; P < 0.001). Moreover, the LGIS diet lowered TC concentrations in combination with DAG. The DAG diet groups decreased postprandial TG and increased BHB concentrations (P < 0.05). Starch/oil types did not alter lipase activities or adiponectin concentrations. In conclusion, the LGIS diet demonstrated potential as a weight management tool in dogs by decreasing postprandial TG and increasing BHB in combination with DAG.
Mitsuhashi
Yuka
Y
Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Companion Animal Nutrition Research Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
Nagaoka
Daisuke
D
Ishioka
Katsumi
K
Bigley
Karen E
KE
Okawa
Masayuki
M
Otsuji
Kazuya
K
Bauer
John E
JE
D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D038321:Glycemic Index; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D015431:Weight Loss
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004075:Diglycerides; D008074:Lipoproteins; D014280:Triglycerides; D013213:Starch; D002784:Cholesterol; D008049:Lipase; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid