title: Phase 1 clinical trials in 83 patients with pancreatic cancer: The M. D. Anderson Cancer Center experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The outcomes of patients with pancreatic cancer treated on early phase clinical trials have not been systematically analyzed. The purpose of this study was to report the presenting characteristics and outcomes of patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer treated on phase 1 clinical trials at a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors reviewed the records of consecutive patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who were treated in the Phase I Clinical Trials Program at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center from November 2004 to March 2009. Data recorded and analyzed included survival, response, and disease characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-three patients were identified. The median age was 62 years (range, 39-81 years). Of 78 patients evaluable for response, 2 (3%) had a partial response (PR), and 10 (13%) had stable disease (SD) for ≥ 4 months. With a median follow-up for survivors of 3.7 months, the median survival from presentation in the phase 1 clinic was 5.0 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.3-6.2). The median overall survival from diagnosis was 22.1 months (95% CI, 17.9-26.5). The median time to treatment failure was 1.5 months (95% CI, 1.3-1.8). Independent factors associated with lower rates of PR/SD were liver metastases (P = .001) and performance status >0 (P = .01). Independent factors associated with shorter survival were liver metastases (P = .007), low calcium level (P = .015), and elevated CEA level (>6 ng/mL) (P = .005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that phase 1 clinical trials offer a reasonable therapeutic approach for patients with advanced pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Investigational Cancer Therapeutics, Phase I Clinical Trials Program, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vaklavas
authors.forename: Apostolia-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tsimberidou
authors.forename: Sijin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wheler
authors.forename: Chaan S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Aung
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naing
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: Razelle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurzrock
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents