title: Carboxymethyl chitin-glucan (CM-CG) protects human HepG2 and HeLa cells against oxidative DNA lesions and stimulates DNA repair of lesions induced by alkylating agents.
abstract: A large number of functional foods, including those that contain β-d-glucans, have been shown to prevent human DNA against genotoxic effects and associated development of cancer and other chronic diseases. In this paper, carboxymethyl chitin-glucan (CM-CG) isolated from Aspergillus niger was investigated from two standpoints: (1) DNA-protective effects against oxidative DNA damage induced by H(2)O(2) and alkylating DNA damage induced by MMS and MNNG, and (2) a potential effect on rejoining of MMS- and MNNG-induced single strand DNA breaks. The results obtained by the comet assay in human cells cultured in vitro showed that CM-CG reduced significantly the level of oxidative DNA lesions induced by H(2)O(2) but did not change the level of alkylating DNA lesions induced by MMS or MNNG. On the other side, the efficiency of DNA-rejoining of single strand DNA breaks induced by MMS and MNNG was significantly higher in HepG2 cells pre-treated with CM-CG. The antioxidative activity of carboxymethyl chitin-glucan was confirmed by the DPPH assay.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 833 91 Bratislava, Slovakia. darina.slamenova@savba.sk
authors.forename: Darina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Slamenová
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kováciková
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horváthová
authors.forename: Ladislava
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wsólová
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Navarová
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000737:chemistry; D002686:Chitin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D020552:Comet Assay; D053904:DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000187:drug effects; D005936:Glucans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate / Q000633:toxicity*; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D005936:Glucans; C091649:carboxymethyl-chitin-glucan; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D002686:Chitin; D008741:Methyl Methanesulfonate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide