Using the Teamlet Model to improve chronic care in an academic primary care practice.
BACKGROUND
Team care can improve management of chronic conditions, but implementing a team approach in an academic primary care clinic presents unique challenges.


OBJECTIVE
To implement and evaluate the Teamlet Model, which uses health coaches working with primary care physicians to improve care for patients with diabetes and/or hypertension in an academic practice.


METHODS
Process and outcome measures were compared before and during the intervention in patients seen with the Teamlet Model and in a comparison patient group.


METHODS
First year family medicine residents, medical assistants, health workers, and adult patients with either type 2 diabetes or hypertension in a large public health clinic.


METHODS
Health coaches, in coordination with resident primary care physicians, met with patients before and after clinic visits and called patients between visits.


METHODS
Measurement of body mass index, assessment of smoking status, and formulation of a self-management plan prior to and during the intervention period for patients in the Teamlet Model group. Testing for LDL and HbA1C and the proportion of patients at goal for blood pressure, LDL, and HbA1C in the Teamlet Model and comparison groups in the year prior to and during implementation.


RESULTS
Teamlet patients showed improvement in all measures, though improvement was significant only for smoking, BMI, and self-management plan documentation and testing for LDL (p = 0.02), with a trend towards significance for LDL at goal (p = 0.07). Teamlet patients showed a greater, but non-significant, increase in the proportion of patients tested for HbA1C and proportion reaching goal for blood pressure, HgbA1C, and LDL compared to the comparison group patients. The difference for blood pressure was marginally significant (p = 0.06). In contrast, patients in the comparison group were significantly more likely to have had testing for LDL (P = 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
The Teamlet Model may improve chronic care in academic primary care practices.
Chen
Ellen H
EH
Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94110, USA. elchen@fcm.ucsf.edu
Thom
David H
DH
Hessler
Danielle M
DM
Phengrasamy
La
L
Hammer
Hali
H
Saba
George
G
Bodenheimer
Thomas
T
D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control; D037001:Directive Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017145:Models, Educational; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D011320:Primary Health Care; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012907:Smoking
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin