Human ocular carotenoid-binding proteins.
Two dietary carotenoids, lutein and zeaxanthin, are specifically delivered to the human macula at the highest concentration anywhere in the body. Whenever a tissue exhibits highly selective uptake of a compound, it is likely that one or more specific binding proteins are involved in the process. Over the past decade, our laboratory has identified and characterized several carotenoid-binding proteins from human retina including a pi isoform of glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) as a zeaxanthin-binding protein, a member of the steroidogenic acute regulatory domain (StARD) family as a lutein-binding protein, and tubulin as a less specific, but higher capacity site for carotenoid deposition. In this article, we review the purification and characterization of these carotenoid-binding proteins, and we relate these ocular carotenoid-binding proteins to the transport and uptake role of serum lipoproteins and scavenger receptor proteins in a proposed pathway for macular pigment carotenoid delivery to the human retina.
Li
Binxing
B
Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, 65 Mario Capecchi Drive, Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
Vachali
Preejith
P
Bernstein
Paul S
PS
D001692:Biological Transport; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000378:metabolism*; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*
D008074:Lipoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D002338:Carotenoids; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi
J Biol Chem. 2007 Mar 2;282(9):6364-71
17197702
J Neuroendocrinol. 2004 Sep;16(9):787-93
15344917
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2007 Feb 15;458(2):121-7
17188641
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997 Aug;38(9):1802-11
9286269
Arch Ophthalmol. 1995 Dec;113(12):1518-23
7487619
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Jan 1;385(1):28-40
11361022
J Biol Chem. 1997 May 16;272(20):13242-9
9148942
Vision Res. 1984;24(2):103-8
6546825
Arch Ophthalmol. 1993 Jan;111(1):104-9
7678730
Circulation. 1999 Oct 26;100(17):1816-22
10534470
Biochem J. 1997 Nov 1;327 ( Pt 3):721-6
9581548
Exp Eye Res. 2002 Nov;75(5):529-42
12457865
J Biol Chem. 1995 Jul 7;270(27):16221-4
7541795
PLoS One. 2009 Oct 05;4(10):e7341
19806217
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2002 Aug 6;99(16):10581-6
12136129
Science. 1945 Jun 29;101(2635):653-8
17777531
Exp Eye Res. 1997 Jul;65(1):57-62
9237865
Biochemistry. 2009 Jun 9;48(22):4798-807
19402606
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2001 Jan 1;385(1):41-6
11361024
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005 Nov 4;336(4):1125-35
16169523
J Biol Chem. 2002 Aug 30;277(35):32133-40
12052833
Br J Ophthalmol. 1999 Jul;83(7):867-77
10381676
Mol Vis. 2006 Oct 27;12:1319-33
17110915
Cell. 1989 Jul 14;58(1):95-101
2473841
Vision Res. 1985;25(11):1531-5
3832576
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1984 Jun;25(6):674-85
6724837
J Cell Sci. 2005 Jul 1;118(Pt 13):2791-801
15976441
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Sep;48(9):4226-31
17724211
Anal Chem. 1997 May 15;69(10):1873-81
9164160
J Opt Soc Am. 1974 Feb;64(2):231-4
4815100
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2006 May;26(5):1144-9
16528007
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Feb;46(2):692-702
15671301
J Lipid Res. 2009 Apr;50 Suppl:S195-200
19033213
Oncogene. 2003 Oct 20;22(47):7369-75
14576844
Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Mar;85(3):762-9
17344498
J Biol Chem. 2009 Jan 2;284(1):436-445
18990698
Exp Eye Res. 1997 Feb;64(2):211-8
9176055
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Aug 3;96(16):9322-7
10430941
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1997 Jan;38(1):167-75
9008641
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Nov;43(11):3538-49
12407166
J Biol Chem. 2004 Nov 19;279(47):49447-54
15355982
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1988 Jun;29(6):850-5
3372162
J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 15;267(26):18940-5
1527021
Vision Res. 1993 Mar-Apr;33(5-6):571-8
8351832
J Lipid Res. 1984 Dec 1;25(12):1277-94
6099394
Exp Eye Res. 2009 Jun 15;89(1):25-31
19233170
J Nutr. 2005 Oct;135(10):2305-12
16177187
Science. 1996 Jan 26;271(5248):518-20
8560269
Annu Rev Biochem. 1999;68:523-58
10872459
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Apr;43(4):1210-21
11923268
Endocr Rev. 2003 Jun;24(3):357-87
12788804
N Engl J Med. 1999 Dec 23;341(26):2011-3
10607822
JAMA. 1994 Nov 9;272(18):1413-20
7933422
Annu Rev Nutr. 2003;23:171-201
12626691
J Biol Chem. 1997 Dec 26;272(52):32743-9
9407047
Curr Opin Lipidol. 1999 Dec;10(6):491-7
10680042
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2006 Jan - Feb;16(1):105-110
28221473
J Histochem Cytochem. 2005 Nov;53(11):1403-12
15983114
Z Lebensm Unters Forsch. 1993 May;196(5):423-9
8511974
J Biol Chem. 2006 Apr 21;281(16):11193-204
16488891
Ophthalmology. 2002 Oct;109(10):1780-7
12359594
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1993 May;34(6):2033-40
8491553
J Lipid Res. 2008 Aug;49(8):1715-24
18424859
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 May 30;1740(2):116-21
15949677
Bioorg Med Chem. 2001 Aug;9(8):1967-76
11504633
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2002 Nov;43(11):3383-92
12407147
J Biol Chem. 1992 Sep 15;267(26):18946-52
1527022
Biochem J. 1998 May 15;332 ( Pt 1):57-65
9576851
Arch Ophthalmol. 2006 Jul;124(7):1038-45
16832030
Surv Ophthalmol. 2008 Jan-Feb;53(1):68-81
18191658
Biochem J. 1990 Oct 15;271(2):481-5
2241927
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Jul;41(8):2262-7
10892871
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2000 Dec 15;1529(1-3):276-86
11111095
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001 Jan;42(1):235-40
11133874
J Biol Chem. 2010 Mar 5;285(10):7739-51
20053988
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1980 Aug;19(8):857-63
7409981
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Apr;41(5):1200-9
10752961
J Biol Chem. 1997 Apr 11;272(15):10004-12
9092542