Multiplexed fluorescence lifetime measurements by frequency-sweeping Fourier spectroscopy.
We report simultaneous measurements of fluorescence lifetimes at multiple excitation wavelengths with a Fourier transform frequency domain fluorescence lifetime spectrometer. The spectrometer uses a Michelson interferometer with its differential optical path length scanning at a 22,000 Hz scan rate. The scan speed of the optical delay varies linearly during each scan and creates interference modulations that sweep from -150 to 150 MHz in 45.5 micros. The frequency-sweeping modulation allows nanosecond fluorescence lifetime measurements within 45.5 micros. Because the interference modulation frequency is wavelength dependent, under the Fourier multiplexing principle, the spectrometer can perform lifetime measurements on multiple excitation wavelengths simultaneously.
Zhao
Ming
M
College of Optical Sciences, The University of Arizona, 1630 East University Boulevard, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0094, USA.
Peng
Leilei
L
D007368:Interferometry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors
Appl Opt. 2003 Aug 1;42(22):4606-11
12916629
J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis. 2008 Feb;25(2):452-62
18246179
Photochem Photobiol Sci. 2005 Jan;4(1):13-22
15616687
Biophys J. 2005 Apr;88(4):2939-53
15653725
Curr Opin Chem Biol. 2003 Oct;7(5):635-40
14580569
Anal Chem. 2007 Mar 1;79(5):2137-49
17269654
Opt Lett. 2007 Feb 15;32(4):421-3
17356673
Opt Express. 2008 Jul 7;16(14):10493-500
18607462
Histochem Cell Biol. 2008 Nov;130(5):833-43
18830616
Opt Lett. 2007 Dec 1;32(23):3408-10
18059949