title: Persistent diarrhea: risk factors and outcome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors associated with Persistent diarrhea (PD) and deaths due to PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective case control study included 60 children with PD (cases) and 60 children (controls) with acute diarrhoea (AD). Detailed history, examination and appropriate investigations were done for all children. Crude Odds ratio was calculated for each risk factor by univariate analysis and adjusted odds ratio was calculated by multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prior antibiotic use, steroid use, anemia, vitamin A deficiency, malnutrition, LRI, UTI, oral candidiasis, and hyponatremia, were statistically significant risk factors by univariate analysis. Prior antibiotic use, vitamin A deficiency, malnutrition and LRI were independently associated with PD by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The risk factors for mortality were stool frequency more than 10 times per day, severe malnutrition, oral candidiasis, hypoalbuminemia and HIV positivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of these risk factors should alert the clinician to take appropriate measures, to decrease the mortality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Pondicherry, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Umamaheswari
authors.forename: Niranjan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Biswal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adhisivam
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Parija
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000150:complications*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000209:etiology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections; D012307:Risk Factors; D014802:Vitamin A Deficiency / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents
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