title: Randomized controlled trial of laparoscopic anterior versus posterior fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to compare the effect of laparoscopic anterior and posterior fundoplication on gastro-oesophageal reflux disease by means of a prospective randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and three patients were randomised to undergo either anterior (53) or posterior (50) fundoplication. Initial enrollment and subsequent clinical appointments were undertaken 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the procedure using a standardized questionnaire. Ambulatory pH monitoring and manometry were undertaken both preoperatively and at approximately 3 months post-procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean operating time was similar in both groups (48 versus 52 min). Two operations in each group were converted to open surgery. Post-operative dysphagia in the first month was higher in the posterior fundoplication group compared with the anterior group (at 1 month, P= 0.002; and at 3 months, P= 0.014). The number of individuals suffering from post-operative heartburn was greater in the anterior fundoplication group (at 1 month, P= 0.008; at 3 months, P < 0.001; and at 6 months, P= 0.002). Eight individuals required reoperation in the anterior group and two individuals in the posterior group (P= 0.057).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anterior and posterior fundoplication each have their advantages and disadvantages. There is an increased risk of early post-operative dysphagia after posterior fundoplication. Anterior fundoplication carries a greater risk of persistent or recurrent reflux. Overall, a posterior fundoplication produces a better management option for controlling gastro-oesophageal reflux disease when compared with an anterior fundoplication technique which utilizes unilateral fixation of the gastric fundus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.
authors.forename: Mansoor
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smythe
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Globe
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Stoddard
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ackroyd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D011187:Posture; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012016:Reference Values; D012086:Reoperation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom; D055815:Young Adult