title: Temporal-spatial gait analysis by use of a portable walkway system in healthy Labrador Retrievers at a walk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a protocol to collect temporal-spatial gait analysis variables by use of a portable walkway system in Labrador Retrievers at a walk and to determine reference values.
  
  
  METHODS
  56 healthy Labrador Retrievers.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 passes across the walkway (3 passes in each direction) were recorded. Inclusion criteria for a pass were that the dog was at a walk (velocity, 60.0 to 90.0 cm/s) and had minimal head turning. The first 3 passes that met the inclusion criteria were analyzed for each dog.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean stride length was 88.4 cm. Mean stance time (ST) of forelimbs and hind limbs was 0.62 and 0.56 seconds, respectively. Mean stance time percentage (ST%; proportion of stance time to total gait cycle time) for forelimbs and hind limbs was 55.6% and 50.2%, respectively. Mean total pressure index (TPI) of forelimbs and hind limbs was 27.1 and 17.4, respectively. Mean number of sensors (NS) activated by each paw strike of forelimbs and hind limbs was 17 and 13, respectively. Mean forelimb-to-hind limb symmetry ratios were 1.11 (ST), 1.10 (ST%), 1.62 (TPI), and 1.37 (NS). Symmetry ratios for left limbs to right limbs, left forelimb to right forelimb, and left hind limb to right hind limb were 1.00.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A protocol for collection of temporal-spatial gait analysis variables with a portable walkway system in Labrador Retrievers at a walk was developed, and reference values for variables and symmetry ratios were reported. Further research will determine the extent to which symmetry ratios differ in dogs with orthopedic disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. lightva@auburn.edu
authors.forename: Victoria A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Light
authors.forename: Janet E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Steiss
authors.forename: Ron D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Rumph
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000502:physiology; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011187:Posture; D012016:Reference Values; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*