title: Nanoelectromechanical resonator arrays for ultrafast, gas-phase chromatographic chemical analysis.
abstract: Miniaturized gas chromatography (GC) systems can provide fast, quantitative analysis of chemical vapors in an ultrasmall package. We describe a chemical sensor technology based on resonant nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS) mass detectors that provides the speed, sensitivity, specificity, and size required by the microscale GC paradigm. Such NEMS sensors have demonstrated detection of subparts per billion (ppb) concentrations of a phosphonate analyte. By combining two channels of NEMS detection with an ultrafast GC front-end, chromatographic analysis of 13 chemicals was performed within a 5 s time window.
authors.affiliation: Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, MS 114-36, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: Mo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.affiliation: Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, MS 114-36, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.affiliation: Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, MS 114-36, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: H X
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.affiliation: Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, MS 114-36, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Aldridge
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: McCaig
authors.affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123.
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Whiting
authors.affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87123.
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Simonson
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.affiliation: Kavli Nanoscience Institute, California Institute of Technology, MS 114-36, Pasadena, California 91125.
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Roukes
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2007 Feb;2(2):114-20
references.pmid: 18654230
references.citation: Anal Chem. 2007 Jan 1;79(1):364-70
references.pmid: 17194162
references.citation: Lab Chip. 2005 Oct;5(10):1123-31
references.pmid: 16175269
references.citation: Science. 2005 Mar 25;307(5717):1942-5
references.pmid: 15790850
references.citation: Nat Nanotechnol. 2008 Sep;3(9):533-7
references.pmid: 18772913
references.citation: Chem Rev. 2000 Jul 12;100(7):2627-48
references.pmid: 11749298
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2008 Dec;8(12):4342-6
references.pmid: 19053791
references.citation: Chem Rev. 2000 Jul 12;100(7):2595-626
references.pmid: 11749297
references.citation: Nano Lett. 2006 Apr;6(4):583-6
references.pmid: 16608248
references.citation: Nature. 2006 Jul 27;442(7101):374-80
references.pmid: 16871204