title: In vivo imaging of tumor transduced with bimodal lentiviral vector encoding human ferritin and green fluorescent protein on a 1.5T clinical magnetic resonance scanner.
abstract: A combination of reporter genes for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optical imaging can provide an additional level of noninvasive and quantitative information about biological processes occurring in deep tissues. We developed a bimodal lentiviral vector to monitor deep tissue events using MRI to detect myc-tagged human ferritin heavy chain (myc-hFTH) expression and fluorescence imaging to detect green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression. The transgene construct was stably transfected into MCF-7 and F-98 cells. After transplantation of the cells expressing myc-hFTH and GFP into mice or rats, serial MRI and fluorescence imaging were performed with a human wrist coil on a 1.5T MR scanner and optical imaging analyzer for 4 weeks. No cellular toxicity due to overexpression of myc-hFTH and GFP was observed in MTT and trypan blue exclusion assays. Iron accumulation was observed in myc-hFTH cells and tumors by Prussian blue staining and iron binding assays. The myc-hFTH cells and tumors had significantly lower signal intensities in T(2)-weighted MRI than mock-transfected controls (P ≤ 0.05). This is direct evidence that myc-hFTH expression can be visualized noninvasively with a 1.5T clinical MR scanner. This study shows that MRI and fluorescence imaging of transplanted cells at molecular and cellular levels can be performed simultaneously using our bimodal lentiviral vector system. Our techniques can be used to monitor tumor growth, metastasis, and regression during cell and gene-based therapy in deep tissues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and Institute of Radiation Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hoe Suk
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hye Rim
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Seung Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Ji Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Woo Kyung
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001052:Apoferritins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014161:Transduction, Genetic
chemical_list: C489427:MYC protein, human; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D001052:Apoferritins