title: A comprehensive analysis of microRNA expression during human keratinocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Here, we report a comprehensive investigation of changes in microRNA (miRNA) expression profiles on human keratinocyte (HK) differentiation in vitro and in vivo. We have monitored expression patterns of 377 miRNAs during calcium-induced differentiation of primary HKs, and have compared these patterns with miRNA expression profiles of epidermal stem cells, transient amplifying cells, and terminally differentiated HKs from human skin. Apart from the previously described miR-203, we found an additional nine miRNAs (miR-23b, miR-95, miR-210, miR-224, miR-26a, miR-200a, miR-27b, miR-328, and miR-376a) that are associated with HK differentiation in vitro and in vivo. In situ hybridization experiments confirmed miR-23b as a marker of HK differentiation in vivo. Additionally, gene ontology analysis and functional validation of predicted miRNA targets using 3'-untranslated region-luciferase assays suggest that multiple miRNAs that are upregulated on HK differentiation cooperate to regulate gene expression during skin development. Our results thus provide the basis for further analysis of miRNA functions during epidermal differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Beiersdorf AG, R&D, Skin Research Center, Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Janosch
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rütze
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallinat
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wenck
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deppert
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grundhoff
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knott
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000378:metabolism*; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C117736:EYA4 protein, human; D005819:Genetic Markers; D035683:MicroRNAs; D044022:Receptor, Endothelin A; D015534:Trans-Activators; D002118:Calcium