Malaria incidence and prevalence among children living in a peri-urban area on the coast of benin, west Africa: a longitudinal study.
Clinical malaria incidence was determined over 18 months in a cohort of 553 children living in a peri-urban area near Cotonou. Three cross-sectional surveys were also carried out. Malaria incidence showed a marked seasonal distribution with two peaks: the first corresponding to the long rainy season, and the second corresponding to the overflowing of Lake Nokoue. The overall Plasmodium falciparum incidence rate was estimated at 84/1,000 person-months, and its prevalence was estimated at over 40% in the two first surveys and 68.9% in the third survey. Multivariate analysis showed that girls and people living in closed houses had a lower risk of clinical malaria. Bed net use was associated with a lower risk of malaria infection. Conversely, children of families owing a pirogue were at higher risk of clinical malaria. Considering the high pyrethroids resistance, indoor residual spraying with either a carbamate or an organophospate insecticide may have a major impact on the malaria burden.
Nahum
Alain
A
Centre de Recherches Entomologiques de Cotonou, Cotonou, Bénin. nahum_alain@yahoo.fr
Erhart
Annette
A
Mayé
Ambroisine
A
Ahounou
Daniel
D
van Overmeir
Chantal
C
Menten
Joris
J
van Loen
Harry
H
Akogbeto
Martin
M
Coosemans
Marc
M
Massougbodji
Achille
A
D'Alessandro
Umberto
U
D001541:Benin; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D013383:Suburban Population
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