title: Response rate of lorazepam in catatonia: a developing country's perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Catatonia is a syndrome characterized by concurrent motor, emotional, and behavioral symptoms. Short-term benzodiazepine administration and electroconvulsive therapy have proven to be safe and useful for treatment of this syndrome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to explore the evidence of effectiveness of lorazepam as a first line treatment for catatonia in a tertiary psychiatry centre in India given the lack of facilities for ECT in primary care centers of developing countries. We examined the response rate of lorazepam in Catatonia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical charts of 107 inpatients, admitted over a duration of two years, with a primary diagnosis of catatonia were examined for response with lorazepam trial. Trial was considered as having received 3-6 mg per day of lorazepam for at least 3 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the patients who were given lorazepam treatment, 32 out of 99 (32.3%) showed response (with complete resolution of catatonic symptoms). Improvement in catatonic symptoms was seen in 68 out of 99 (68.7%) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lorazepam is cost effective and could rapidly relieve catatonic signs, even without the use of ECT in a significant proportion of catatonic patients. Its early use can prevent disease progression and complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Deemed University, Bangalore, 560 029, India.
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tibrewal
authors.forename: Janardhanan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Narayanaswamy
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zutshi
authors.forename: Ravindra
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Srinivasaraju
authors.forename: Suresh Bada
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Math
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002389:Catatonia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008140:Lorazepam / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008140:Lorazepam