title: Intranasal administration of adjuvant-combined vaccine protects monkeys from challenge with the highly pathogenic influenza A H5N1 virus.
abstract: The effectiveness in cynomolgus macaques of intranasal administration of an influenza A H5N1 pre-pandemic vaccine combined with synthetic double-stranded RNA (polyI/polyC12U) as an adjuvant was examined. The monkeys were immunized with the adjuvant-combined vaccine on weeks 0, 3, and 5, and challenged with the homologous virus 2 weeks after the third immunization. After the second immunization, the immunization induced vaccine-specific salivary IgA and serum IgG antibodies, as detected by ELISA. The serum IgG antibodies present 2 weeks after the third immunization not only had high neutralizing activity against the homologous virus, they also neutralized significantly heterologous influenza A H5N1 viruses. The vaccinated animals were protected completely from the challenge infection with the homologous virus. These results suggest that intranasal immunization with the Double stranded RNA-combined influenza A H5N1 vaccine induce mucosal IgA and serum IgG antibodies which could protect humans from homologous influenza A H5N1 viruses which have a pandemic potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichinohe
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ainai
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ami
authors.forename: Noriyo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Yuriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzaki
authors.forename: Takato
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Odagiri
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Strayer
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Tetsutaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sata
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000379:methods; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded