Enzymatic AND logic gates operated under conditions characteristic of biomedical applications.
Experimental and theoretical analyses of the lactate dehydrogenase and glutathione reductase based enzymatic AND logic gates in which the enzymes and their substrates serve as logic inputs are performed. These two systems are examples of the novel, previously unexplored class of biochemical logic gates that illustrate potential biomedical applications of biochemical logic. They are characterized by input concentrations at logic 0 and 1 states corresponding to normal and pathophysiological conditions. Our analysis shows that the logic gates under investigation have similar noise characteristics. Both significantly amplify random noise present in inputs; however, we establish that for realistic widths of the input noise distributions, it is still possible to differentiate between the logic 0 and 1 states of the output. This indicates that reliable detection of pathophysiological conditions is indeed possible with such enzyme logic systems.
Melnikov
Dmitriy
D
Department of Physics, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13676, USA.
Strack
Guinevere
G
Zhou
Jian
J
Windmiller
Joshua Ray
JR
Halámek
Jan
J
Bocharova
Vera
V
Chuang
Min-Chieh
MC
Santhosh
Padmanabhan
P
Privman
Vladimir
V
Wang
Joseph
J
Katz
Evgeny
E
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D035843:Biomedical Research; D039301:Computers, Molecular; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D008128:Logic; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology
D015415:Biomarkers; D007773:Lactates; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide