title: Invasive aspergillosis in acute leukemias: old and new risk factors and epidemiological trends.
abstract: In recent years, there has been increased interest in the development of prophylactic and diagnostic tools for patients at high risk for invasive aspergillosis (IA), resulting in a significant investment of human, technical, and economic resources. There are several classic risk factors for the development of IA, including neutropenia, graft-versus-host disease, and corticosteroid use. However, despite having similar risk profiles, only a subset of at-risk individuals will develop this fungal complication. At present, there is a significant expansion of the classically defined 'high-risk' group due to the ageing of the general population, the intensification of treatment strategies, and the introduction of new drugs into clinical practice (e.g., monoclonal antibodies, TNF inhibitors). Therefore, an improved categorization of patients would be useful in order to better target available resources and avoid the risk of potential overtreatment and toxicities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Francesco Vito 1, Rome, Italy. morenacaira@yahoo.it
authors.forename: Morena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caira
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mancinelli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Livio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pagano
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015897:Comorbidity; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D019190:Iron Overload / Q000150:complications; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors