title: Maternal antioxidant supplementation prevents adiposity in the offspring of Western diet-fed rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obesity in pregnancy significantly increases the risk of the offspring developing obesity after birth. The aims of this study were to test the hypothesis that maternal obesity increases oxidative stress during fetal development, and to determine whether administration of an antioxidant supplement to pregnant Western diet-fed rats would prevent the development of adiposity in the offspring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female Sprague Dawley rats were started on the designated diet at 4 weeks of age. Four groups of animals were studied: control chow (control); control + antioxidants (control+Aox); Western diet (Western); and Western diet + antioxidants (Western+Aox). The rats were mated at 12 to 14 weeks of age, and all pups were weaned onto control diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Offspring from dams fed the Western diet had significantly increased adiposity as early as 2 weeks of age as well as impaired glucose tolerance compared with offspring of dams fed a control diet. Inflammation and oxidative stress were increased in preimplantation embryos, fetuses, and newborns of Western diet-fed rats. Gene expression of proadipogenic and lipogenic genes was altered in fat tissue of rats at 2 weeks and 2 months of age. The addition of an antioxidant supplement decreased adiposity and normalized glucose tolerance. CONCLUSIONS; Inflammation and oxidative stress appear to play a key role in the development of increased adiposity in the offspring of Western diet-fed pregnant dams. Restoration of the antioxidant balance during pregnancy in the Western diet-fed dam is associated with decreased adiposity in offspring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Sarbattama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019366:Western World
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants
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