title: Impact of traumatic brain injury on participation in leisure activities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how participation in leisure activities for people with traumatic brain injury (TBI) changes from before injury to 1 year after injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective evaluation of leisure participation at 1 year after TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level I trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rehabilitation inpatients (mean age, 35.3 years; 77% male; 77% white) with moderate to severe TBI (N=160).
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Functional Status Examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 1 year after injury, 81% had not returned to preinjury levels of leisure participation. Activities most frequently discontinued included partying, drug and alcohol use, and various sports. The activity most often reported as new after injury was watching television. Of the small fraction who returned to preinjury levels, 70% did so within 4 months of injury. Sixty percent of those who did not return to preinjury levels were moderately to severely bothered by the changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At 1 year after injury, many TBI survivors engage in a reduced number of leisure activities, which are more sedentary and less social, with a substantial fraction dissatisfied with these changes. While discontinuing some activities may be viewed as a positive change, there are few new ones to replace them.
authors.affiliation: Harborview Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. bwise@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Wise
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mathews-Dalton
authors.forename: Sureyya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dikmen
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Temkin
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machamer
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Janet M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011998:Recreation; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014861:Washington