title: Age-dependent chromosomal distribution of male-biased genes in Drosophila.
abstract: We investigated the correlation between the chromosomal location and age distribution of new male-biased genes formed by duplications via DNA intermediates (DNA-level) or by de novo origination in Drosophila. Our genome-wide analysis revealed an excess of young X-linked male-biased genes. The proportion of X-linked male-biased genes then diminishes through time, leading to an autosomal excess of male-biased genes. The switch between X-linked and autosomal enrichment of male-biased genes was also present in the distribution of both protein-coding genes on the D. pseudoobscura neo-X chromosome and microRNA genes of D. melanogaster. These observations revealed that the evolution of male-biased genes is more complicated than the previously detected one-step X→A gene traffic and the enrichment of the male-biased genes on autosomes. The pattern we detected suggests that the interaction of various evolutionary forces such as the meiotic sex chromosome inactivation (MSCI), faster-X effect, and sexual antagonism in the male germline might have shaped the chromosomal distribution of male-biased genes on different evolutionary time scales.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Yong E
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Maria D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Vibranovski
authors.forename: Benjamin H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Krinsky
authors.forename: Manyuan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017344:Genes, Insect; D050172:Genes, X-Linked / Q000235:genetics*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D010802:Phylogeny; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D035683:MicroRNAs
references.citation: Nature. 1991 Jun 20;351(6328):652-4
references.pmid: 1904993
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Jun 27;103(26):9935-9
references.pmid: 16777968
references.citation: Genome Res. 2007 May;17(5):618-24
references.pmid: 17416747
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2010 Mar 16;8(3):e1000335
references.pmid: 20305719
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2007 Jul;3(7):e107
references.pmid: 17616977
references.citation: Genome Res. 2005 Jan;15(1):1-18
references.pmid: 15632085
references.citation: Genome Res. 2004 May;14(5):929-33
references.pmid: 15123588
references.citation: Genome Biol Evol. 2009 Jul 07;1:176-88
references.pmid: 20333188
references.citation: Nat Biotechnol. 2007 May;25(5):576-83
references.pmid: 17450130
references.citation: Gene. 2006 Dec 30;385:96-102
references.pmid: 17101240
references.citation: Evolution. 1984 Jul;38(4):735-742
references.pmid: 28555827
references.citation: Genetics. 2004 Jun;167(2):747-60
references.pmid: 15238526
references.citation: Nature. 2007 Nov 8;450(7167):233-7
references.pmid: 17994089
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2004 Jan;21(1):36-44
references.pmid: 12949132
references.citation: Genetics. 2010 Sep;186(1):431-3
references.pmid: 20610406
references.citation: Science. 2003 Jan 31;299(5607):697-700
references.pmid: 12511656
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2007 Oct;5(10):e273
references.pmid: 17927450
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2007 Nov 6;5(11):e310
references.pmid: 17988176
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2010 Oct 05;8(10):
references.pmid: 20957185
references.citation: Science. 2003 Jun 13;300(5626):1742-5
references.pmid: 12805547
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2006 Aug;7(8):645-53
references.pmid: 16847464
references.citation: Genome Res. 2002 Oct;12(10):1611-8
references.pmid: 12368254
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2006 May;2(5):e77
references.pmid: 16715176
references.citation: Trends Genet. 2005 Sep;21(9):495-9
references.pmid: 16039005
references.citation: Evolution. 2009 Nov;63(11):2888-95
references.pmid: 19573084
references.citation: Science. 2004 Jan 23;303(5657):537-40
references.pmid: 14739461
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2008 Aug;25(8):1639-50
references.pmid: 18477586
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2004 Jun;36(6):642-6
references.pmid: 15156144
references.citation: Genome Res. 2008 Sep;18(9):1446-55
references.pmid: 18550802
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2002 Jun;19(6):918-25
references.pmid: 12032248
references.citation: Genome Biol. 2004;5(10):R80
references.pmid: 15461798
references.citation: Nucleic Acids Res. 2007 Jan;35(Database issue):D668-73
references.pmid: 17142222
references.citation: Genome Res. 2007 Dec;17(12):1850-64
references.pmid: 17989254
references.citation: PLoS Genet. 2009 Nov;5(11):e1000731
references.pmid: 19936020
references.citation: Genome Res. 2007 Dec;17(12):1880-7
references.pmid: 17989252
references.citation: Science. 2008 Jun 20;320(5883):1629-31
references.pmid: 18535209
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2007 Sep;8(9):689-98
references.pmid: 17680007
references.citation: Genetics. 2007 Jun;176(2):1131-7
references.pmid: 17435230
references.citation: J Mol Evol. 2009 May;68(5):576-83
references.pmid: 19407921
references.citation: Evolution. 2009 Jun;63(6):1464-72
references.pmid: 19154378
references.citation: PLoS Biol. 2008 Apr 1;6(4):e80
references.pmid: 18384235
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2010 Mar;27(3):661-70
references.pmid: 19926635
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jun 5;453(7196):798-802
references.pmid: 18463631
references.citation: Nat Genet. 2007 Jun;39(6):715-20
references.pmid: 17534367
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Jan;69(1):182-6
references.pmid: 4621547
references.citation: Genome Res. 2006 Apr;16(4):498-504
references.pmid: 16520459
references.citation: Nature. 2007 Nov 8;450(7167):238-41
references.pmid: 17994090
references.citation: Genome Res. 2009 May;19(5):897-903
references.pmid: 19251740
references.citation: Genome Biol. 2007;8(1):R11
references.pmid: 17233920
references.citation: Stat Appl Genet Mol Biol. 2004;3:Article3
references.pmid: 16646809
references.citation: Mol Biol Evol. 2004 Jul;21(7):1350-60
references.pmid: 15044594
references.citation: Genome Res. 2002 Dec;12(12):1854-9
references.pmid: 12466289