title: Distribution of amyloid precursor protein and amyloid-beta in ocular hypertensive C57BL/6 mouse eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Amyloid precursor protein (APP) and amyloid-beta (Abeta) appear to participate in the pathophysiology of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in glaucoma. We, therefore, determined the distribution of APP and Abeta in the retinas of C57BL/6 mice after induction of chronic ocular hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ocular hypertension was induced in one eye of three-month-old C57BL/6 mice by injection of hypertonic saline into episcleral veins. After 6 weeks of documented elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), retinas were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and processed for immunohistochemistry with antibodies including a polyclonal antibody to the C-terminus of Abeta 40 (Novartis 17-40/23) and a polyclonal antibody to the APP ectodomain (Novartis 474). Distribution and semiquantitative expression of APP and Abeta immunolabeling in ocular hypertensive and control retinas were graded in a masked fashion and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  APP and Abeta immunoreactivity was found in the pia/dura, optic nerve (ON), and RGC layer of ocular hypertensive retinas, whereas APP and Abeta immunoreactivity in the contralateral control eyes was detected only in the pia/dura. Comparison of ocular hypertensive and control eyes for Abeta immunolabeling was significant in the ON and RGC layer (p < 0.05) whereas no significant difference was found when compared for APP staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High Abeta and APP levels were seen in ocular hypertensive retinas, probably due to abnormal APP-splicing in the presence of elevated IOP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kipfer-Kauer
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.forename: Beatrice E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Frueh
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goldblum
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000378:metabolism*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000378:metabolism*; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000378:metabolism; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor
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