title: Chronic shedders as reservoir for nosocomial transmission of norovirus.
abstract: Norovirus (NoV) infection in immunocompromised patients may lead to prolonged norovirus shedding. Here, we demonstrate the involvement of three chronic shedders in hospital outbreaks. Combined epidemiological and molecular evidence suggests that in one case, NoV transmission occurred at least 17 days after the first diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Infectious Diseases and Perinatal Screening, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, Netherlands. faizel.sukhrie@rivm.nl
authors.forename: Faizel H A
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Sukhrie
authors.forename: J Joukje
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Siebenga
authors.forename: Matthias F C
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Beersma
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koopmans
mesh_terms: D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017201:Virus Shedding
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