Evaluation of muscle fatigue during 100-m front crawl.
The aim of this study was to evaluate muscle fatigue in upper body muscles during 100-m all-out front crawl. Surface electromyogram (EMG) was collected from the pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi and triceps brachii muscles of 11 experienced swimmers. Blood lactate concentration level increased to 14.1 ± 2.9 mmol l(-1) 5 min after the swim. The velocity, stroke length and stroke rate calculated based on video analysis decreased by 15.0, 5.8 and 7.4%, respectively, during the swim. EMG amplitude of the triceps and the lower part of the latissimus muscles increased, whilst the mean power frequency (MNF) of all muscles significantly decreased by 20-25%. No significant differences in the relative MNF decrease were observed amongst the muscles; however, the differences in the rate of the MNF decrease between the lower part of the latissimus and the triceps brachii muscles were found (P < 0.05). The time of rest between the muscle activation of the two consecutive arm strokes at the end of swimming was extended (P < 0.05). It was concluded that 100-m all-out crawl induced significant fatigue with no evident differences amongst the analysed muscles.
Stirn
Igor
I
Faculty of Sport, University of Ljubljana, Gortanova 22, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia. igor.stirn@fsp.uni-lj.si
Jarm
Tomaz
T
Kapus
Venceslav
V
Strojnik
Vojko
V
D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood*; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming; D055815:Young Adult
D007773:Lactates
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1996 Dec;24(6):342-53
8938600
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1990 Nov;69(5):1810-20
2272975
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1991;1(1):20-33
20719592
J Sci Med Sport. 2009 Jul;12(4):495-9
18547862
Crit Rev Biomed Eng. 1984;11(4):251-79
6391814
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2006 Sep;38(9):1635-42
16960525
Int J Sports Med. 2005 Jan-Feb;26(1):53-8
15643535
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1988;57(4):404-8
3396553
Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2006 Apr;31(2):150-8
16604133
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1993 Mar;33(1):13-8
8350602
J Biomech. 2008;41(1):86-92
17714719
J Biomech. 1987;20(5):543-6
3611128
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1983 May;55(5):594-600
6187554
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2000 Oct;10(5):337-49
11018443
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2001 Jul;48(7):745-53
11442286
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1977 Sep 16;37(2):111-21
902652
J Neurosci Methods. 2004 Jul 30;136(2):165-77
15183268
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2001 Dec;11(6):439-49
11738956
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 1979 Jun;26(6):313-25
468280
J Sports Sci. 2004 Jul;22(7):651-60
15370496
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2003 Feb;13(1):13-36
12488084
Int J Sports Med. 2005 Jul-Aug;26(6):471-5
16037890
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1979 Sep;42(1):41-50
499196
Ergonomics. 1996 Feb;39(2):267-77
8851531
Muscle Nerve. 1984 Nov-Dec;7(9):691-9
6100456
IEEE Trans Biomed Eng. 2000 Feb;47(2):228-38
10721630
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1992;2(1):15-25
20870523
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1997 Dec;7(4):241-250
11369267
J Appl Physiol (1985). 1991 Nov;71(5):1878-85
1761486
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2009 Jun;19(3):437-48
18083563
Arch Physiol Biochem. 1997 Dec;105(7):655-62
9693712
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2003 Jun;13(3):281-7
12706607
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1999 Oct;9(5):337-50
10527215
Physiol Rev. 2008 Jan;88(1):287-332
18195089
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2006 Sep;46(3):373-80
16998440
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2002 Jan;92(1):235-47
11744666
Int J Sports Med. 2005 May;26(4):286-93
15795813
Am J Sports Med. 1986 Jan-Feb;14(1):7-11
3752349
Physiol Rev. 1994 Jan;74(1):49-94
8295935
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1999 Feb;9(1):39-46
10022560
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2002 Apr;12(2):111-8
11955983
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1995 Mar;5(1):27-36
20719634
J Sports Sci Med. 2009 Sep 01;8(3):357-65
24149998
J Strength Cond Res. 2006 Aug;20(3):547-54
16937967
Brain. 1990 Dec;113 ( Pt 6):1779-93
2276044
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2000 Jan;81(1-2):2-10
10552260
Am J Sports Med. 1991 Nov-Dec;19(6):577-82
1781493
J Sports Sci. 2008 Sep;26(11):1191-200
18608844
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2007 Oct;39(10):1784-93
17909406
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1999 Aug;80(3):192-9
10453920
J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 1995 Sep;5(3):177-83
20719649