Are endocrine disruptors among the causes of the deterioration of aquatic biodiversity?
Exposure to environmental pollutants such as endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) is now taken into account to explain partially the biodiversity decline of aquatic ecosystems. Much research has demonstrated that EDCs can adversely affect the endocrine system, reproductive health, and immune function in aquatic species. These toxicological effects include 1) interference with normal hormonal synthesis, release, and transport, 2) impairment of growth, development, and gonadal maturation, and 3) increased sensitivity to environmental stressors. Recent studies also have confirmed that EDCs have carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. In essence, these changes in physiological and biochemical parameters reflect, to some extent, some phenotypic characteristics of the deterioration of aquatic biodiversity. At present, evidence at the molecular level shows that exposure to EDCs can trigger genotoxicity, such as DNA damage, and can reduce genetic diversity. Field studies have also provided more direct evidence that EDCs contribute to the population decrease and biodiversity decline. Evolutionary toxicology and multigenerational toxicity tests have further demonstrated that EDCs can damage an organism's offspring and eventually likely lead to loss of evolutionary potential. Taken together, these results provide some basis for understanding the relationship between variety deterioration and EDC exposure. It is conceivable that there is a causal association between EDC exposure and variety deterioration of aquatic organisms.
Zhou
Jin
J
Marine Biology Laboratory of Life Sciences Division, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen City, People's Republic of China.
Cai
Zhong-Hua
ZH
Zhu
Xiao-Shan
XS
D000818:Animals; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000187:drug effects*; D044822:Biodiversity; D054750:Ecotoxicology; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*
D052244:Endocrine Disruptors