title: Mitotic recombination in patients with ichthyosis causes reversion of dominant mutations in KRT10.
abstract: Somatic loss of wild-type alleles can produce disease traits such as neoplasia. Conversely, somatic loss of disease-causing mutations can revert phenotypes; however, these events are infrequently observed. Here we show that ichthyosis with confetti, a severe, sporadic skin disease in humans, is associated with thousands of revertant clones of normal skin that arise from loss of heterozygosity on chromosome 17q via mitotic recombination. This allowed us to map and identify disease-causing mutations in the gene encoding keratin 10 (KRT10); all result in frameshifts into the same alternative reading frame, producing an arginine-rich C-terminal peptide that redirects keratin 10 from the cytokeratin filament network to the nucleolus. The high frequency of somatic reversion in ichthyosis with confetti suggests that revertant stem cell clones are under strong positive selection and/or that the rate of mitotic recombination is elevated in individuals with this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Choate
authors.forename: Yin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Murim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farhi
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nelson-Williams
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crumrine
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nopper
authors.forename: Alanna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bree
authors.forename: Leonard M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Milstone
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lifton
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D016368:Frameshift Mutation; D006801:Humans; D016113:Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D053550:Keratin-10 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D008938:Mitosis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009030:Mosaicism; D050505:Mutant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C507493:KRT10 protein, human; D050505:Mutant Proteins; D053550:Keratin-10; D007633:Keratins
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