title: Elr-type proteins protect Xenopus Dead end mRNA from miR-18-mediated clearance in the soma.
abstract: Segregation of the future germ line defines a crucial cell fate decision during animal development. In Xenopus, germ cells are specified by inheritance of vegetally localized maternal determinants, including a group of specific mRNAs. Here, we show that the vegetal localization elements (LE) of Xenopus Dead end (XDE) and of several other germ-line-specific, vegetally localized transcripts mediate germ cell-specific stabilization and somatic clearance of microinjected reporter mRNA in Xenopus embryos. The part of XDE-LE critical for somatic RNA clearance exhibits homology to zebrafish nanos1 and appears to be targeted by Xenopus miR-18 for somatic mRNA clearance. Xenopus Elr-type proteins of the vegetal localization complex can alleviate somatic RNA clearance of microinjected XDE-LE and endogenous XDE mRNA. ElrB1 synergizes with Xenopus Dead end protein in the stabilization of XDE-LE mRNA. Taken together, our findings unveil a functional link of vegetal mRNA localization and the protection of germ-line mRNAs from somatic clearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biochemistry, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Göttingen, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koebernick
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Loeber
authors.forename: Patrick Kobina
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: Katsiaryna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tarbashevich
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pieler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D000067777:ELAV-Like Protein 2; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C000624414:Dnd1 protein, Xenopus; D000067777:ELAV-Like Protein 2; C480172:ELAVL1 protein, Xenopus; D035683:MicroRNAs; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C000593999:elavl2 protein, Xenopus
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