title: Expression of neuropeptide Y, omentin and visfatin in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues in humans: relation to endocrine and clinical parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed at exploring the expression of neuropeptide Y (NPY), omentin and visfatin in adipose tissues of adults along with clinical parameters and hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 168 adult patients (31 surgical obese patients and 31 surgical controls, 76 non-surgical obese patients, 30 non-surgical controls). We measured plasma NPY (by radioimmunoassay), cortisol (with an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay) and urinary cortisol metabolites (by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry). Expression of NPY, omentin and visfatin in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue specimens of the surgical patients was quantified using real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NPY was detectable in adipose tissue specimens and, like plasma NPY concentrations, comparable between groups. Omentin gene expression was higher in visceral than in subcutaneous adipose tissues (p < 0.0001). Visfatin expression was lower in the subcutaneous tissue of obese patients compared with controls (p < 0.05). Cortisol was lower in obese adults compared with controls (136.5 +/- 74.1 vs. 162.2 +/- 56.1 ng/ml; p < 0.05), cortisol metabolites were comparable between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our obese adults, plasma NPY levels and the glucocorticoid measures were not elevated. Even though the expression of NPY, omentin and visfatin was comparable between obese individuals and controls, we have to consider differences in the total production rate of adipose tissue-derived factors.
authors.affiliation: Children's and Adolescents' Hospital, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horbach
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dötsch
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rauh
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rascher
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Knerr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000502:physiology*; D037102:Lectins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C432397:ITLN1 protein, human; D037102:Lectins; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human; D006854:Hydrocortisone
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