title: Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14 to prevent or cure bacterial vaginosis among women with HIV.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess, among women with HIV, whether long-term oral Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 supplementation can prevent bacterial vaginosis (BV) and enhance the cure rate of metronidazole among those with BV.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted among 65 HIV-infected women with an aberrant microbiota (Nugent score 4-10) who were randomized to receive daily probiotics or placebo for 6 months. Those with BV (Nugent score 7-10) additionally received metronidazole for 10 days (400 mg twice daily).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We did not find an enhanced cure rate of BV among women with HIV treated with adjuvant probiotics to metronidazole treatment. Among women with an intermediate vaginal flora, probiotics tended to increase the probability of a normal vaginal flora (odds ratio 2.4; P=0.1) and significantly increased the probability of a beneficial vaginal pH (odds ratio 3.8; P=0.02) at follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation of probiotic L. rhamnosus GR-1 and L. reuteri RC-14 did not enhance the cure of BV among women living with HIV, but may prevent the condition among this population.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT00536848.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, University Medical Centre Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. rubenhummelen@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hummelen
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Changalucha
authors.forename: Nicodemus L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Butamanya
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: J Dik F
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Habbema
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Reid
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D052200:Limosilactobacillus reuteri; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013636:Tanzania; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology; D016585:Vaginosis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole