title: Ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel in patients with acute coronary syndromes and diabetes: a substudy from the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have high platelet reactivity and are at increased risk of ischaemic events and bleeding post-acute coronary syndromes (ACS). In the PLATelet inhibition and patient Outcomes (PLATO) trial, ticagrelor reduced the primary composite endpoint of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, but with similar rates of major bleeding compared with clopidogrel. We aimed to investigate the outcome with ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel in patients with DM or poor glycaemic control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  we analysed patients with pre-existing DM (n = 4662), including 1036 patients on insulin, those without DM (n = 13 951), and subgroups based on admission levels of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c; n = 15 150). In patients with DM, the reduction in the primary composite endpoint (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.76-1.03), all-cause mortality (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.66-1.01), and stent thrombosis (HR: 0.65, 95% CI: 0.36-1.17) with no increase in major bleeding (HR: 0.95, 95% CI: 0.81-1.12) with ticagrelor was consistent with the overall cohort and without significant diabetes status-by-treatment interactions. There was no heterogeneity between patients with or without ongoing insulin treatment. ticagrelor reduced the primary endpoint, all-cause mortality, and stent thrombosis in patients with HbA1c above the median (HR: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70-0.91; HR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65-0.93; and HR: 0.62, 95% CI: 0.39-1.00, respectively) with similar bleeding rates (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.86-1.12).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ticagrelor, when compared with clopidogrel, reduced ischaemic events in ACS patients irrespective of diabetic status and glycaemic control, without an increase in major bleeding events.
authors.affiliation: Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarsköldsväg 14B, Science Park, Uppsala SE-751 85, Sweden. stefan.james@ucr.uu.se
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Dominick J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Angiolillo
authors.forename: Jan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cornel
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Erlinge
authors.forename: Steen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Husted
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kontny
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maya
authors.forename: Josë C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nicolau
authors.forename: Jindrich
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spinar
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Storey
authors.forename: Susanna R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wallentin
mesh_terms: D054058:Acute Coronary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077486:Ticagrelor; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000241:Adenosine; D001786:Blood Glucose; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077486:Ticagrelor; D013988:Ticlopidine
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