title: Effect of interrupted endogenous BMP/Smad signaling on growth and steroidogenesis of porcine granulosa cells.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) play a critical role in the growth and steroidogenesis of granulosa cells (GCs). BMP signals act through membrane-bound heteromeric serine/threonine kinase receptors. Upon ligand binding, BMPs activate intracellular Smad proteins and regulate growth and apoptosis in various cell types. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effects of BMP/Smad signal on growth and steroidogenesis of porcine GCs. A strategy of RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated 'gene silencing' of Smad4, a core molecule mediating the intracellular BMP/Smad signal transduction pathways, was used to interrupt endogenous BMP/Smad signaling. Results indicate that Smad4-small interfering RNA (siRNA) caused specific inhibition of Smad4 mRNA and protein expression after transfection. Interrupted endogenous BMP/Smad signaling significantly inhibited growth, and induced apoptosis of porcine GCs, while decreasing estradiol production. In addition, interrupted BMP/Smad signaling significantly (P<0.05) changed the expression of Cyclin D2, CDK4, Bcl-2, and Cyp19a1. These findings provide new insights into how BMP/Smad signaling regulates the growth and steroidogenesis of porcine GCs.
authors.affiliation: College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xin-xiu
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hai-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jing-jing
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yong-yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bao-le
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yin-xue
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D051901:Smad4 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D012313:RNA
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