title: Maternal human leukocyte antigen A*2301 is associated with increased mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission.
abstract: We examined associations between maternal human leukocyte antigen (HLA) and vertical human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission in a perinatal cohort of 277 HIV-infected women in Nairobi. HLA class I genes were amplified by using sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes, and analyses were performed using logistic regression. Maternal HLA-A*2301 was associated with increased transmission risk before and after adjusting for maternal viral load (unadjusted: odds ratio [OR], 3.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.42-7.27; P = .005; Pcorr = 0.04; adjusted: OR, 3.07; 95% CI, 1.26-7.51; P =.01; Pcorr is not significant). That maternal HLA-A*2301 was associated with transmission independent of plasma HIV-1 RNA levels suggests that HLA may alter infectivity through mechanisms other than influencing HIV-1 load.
authors.affiliation: Departments of 1Epidemiology, 2Medicine, 3Global Health, and 4Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington; 5Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Maryland; and 6Department of Paediatrics, University of Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Romel D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Mackelprang
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrington
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: John-Stewart
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lohman-Payne
authors.forename: Barbra A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Dalton
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wamalwa
authors.forename: Xiaojiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Maxwel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Majiwa
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mbori-Ngacha
authors.forename: Carey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Farquhar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens
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