title: Activation of adenosine A2A receptors by polydeoxyribonucleotide increases vascular endothelial growth factor and protects against testicular damage induced by experimental varicocele in rats.
abstract: In rat experimental varicocele, polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) induces vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production, thereby enhancing testicular function. This may point to a new therapeutic approach in human varicocele.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Letteria
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Minutoli
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bonvissuto
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bitto
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Polito
authors.forename: Natasha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Irrera
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fragalà
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.forename: Piero Antonio
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Nicotina
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fazzari
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Implatini
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grimaldi
authors.forename: Noemi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cantone
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Squadrito
authors.forename: Domenica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Altavilla
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D011089:Polydeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000378:metabolism*; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D014646:Varicocele / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D011089:Polydeoxyribonucleotides; D020011:Protective Agents; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A