title: The effect of monotherapy and combined therapy with NSC-631570 (ukrain) on growth of low- and high-metastasizing B16 melanoma in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  NSC-631570 (ukrain) is a semisynthetic derivative of the Chelidonium majus alcaloids and the alkylans thiotepa. It exerts a selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells in vitro and in vivo and shows the ability to modulate immunocyte functions. Purpose. The aim of our work was to carry out a comparative investigation of the effects of NSC-631570 alone or in combination with pathogen-associated molecules (PAM) on the growth of low- and high-metastasizing melanoma B16 in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  NSC-631570 was administered intravenously and PAM intramuscularly to tumor-bearing mice seven times every third day, starting from the second day after the transplantation of tumor cells. The effect of monotherapy and combined therapy on tumor growth was evaluated by the indices of tumor growth inhibition in experimental animals. Cell cycle distribution of cancer cells was determined by flow cytometry. TAP1 and TAP2 expression was evaluated by RT-PCR. The metabolic activity of phagocytes was determined by NBT-test, phagocytosis was tested by flow cytometry, and arginase activity was estimated by colorimetric determination of urea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combined therapy and monotherapy with NSC-631570 resulted in significant inhibition of tumor growth in melanoma-bearing mice. Monotherapy with Ukrain was more effective in mice with high-metastasizing tumors. The therapeutic efficacy of NSC-631570 used in combination with PAM was more expressed in mice with low-metastasizing melanoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effectiveness of monotherapy and combined therapy with NSC-631570 in the treatment of melanoma B16 depends on the biological properties of the tumor and the immune state of the organism.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and General Immunology (sub)department, Biological Department, Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University, Kyiv, Ukraine. realmed@i.com.ua
authors.forename: Lm
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skivka
authors.forename: Yam
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Susak
authors.forename: Oo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Trompak
authors.forename: Yui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudryavets
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bezdeneznikh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Semesiuk
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lykhova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010617:Phenanthridines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011897:Random Allocation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D010617:Phenanthridines; C060921:ukrain