Multicenter epidemiological studies of atherosclerosis imaging.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading course of death and disability. Conventional cardiac risk factors do not fully explain the level of cardiovascular risk, incidence of coronary artery disease, and coronary events. Risk stratification and therapy based solely on these conventional risk factors may overlook a population who would benefit from lifestyle and risk factor modification. Thus, research has recently focused on improving risk assessment with new tools in an effort to better identify subjects at highest risk and in need of aggressive management. Cardiovascular imaging, both in coronary and extracoronary arterial beds, has proven to be very helpful in this regard. In this article, we review the current literature from multicenter epidemiology studies on the utility of noninvasive imaging modalities for risk stratification in the context of conventional risk factor evaluation.
Liu
Songtao
S
Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health/Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Bluemke
David A
DA
D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
Eur Heart J. 1990 Aug;11 Suppl E:3-19
1699762
N Engl J Med. 2008 Mar 27;358(13):1336-45
18367736
Circulation. 2007 May 29;115(21):2722-30
17502571
JAMA. 2004 Nov 17;292(19):2350-6
15547162
Atherosclerosis. 2008 Apr;197(2):777-83
17920067
Radiology. 2002 Jun;223(3):789-97
12034951
N Engl J Med. 2007 Jun 7;356(23):2388-98
17554120
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Oct 1;42(7):1199-205
14522480
Circulation. 2002 Jul 16;106(3):296-9
12119242
Circulation. 2008 Feb 12;117(6):743-53
18212285
Radiology. 1993 Apr;187(1):261-8
8451425
Am J Cardiol. 2006 Dec 15;98(12):1660-4
17145230
Circulation. 1995 Aug 1;92(3):380-7
7634452
Radiology. 1989 Aug;172(2):349-50
2748813
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2000;2:431-56
11701519
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 Sep 1;44(5):1011-7
15337212
JAMA. 2004 Nov 17;292(19):2396-8
15547168
Circulation. 2006 Feb 14;113(6):791-8
16461820
Ann Intern Med. 1989 Jan 15;110(2):101-7
2521199
Circulation. 2000 Jan 25;101(3):244-51
10645919
Int Heart J. 2005 May;46(3):419-31
16043938
Circulation. 2007 Jan 23;115(3):402-26
17220398
Eur Heart J. 2005 Nov;26(21):2320-4
15972291
JAMA. 2004 Jan 14;291(2):210-5
14722147
N Engl J Med. 1990 May 31;322(22):1561-6
2139921
JAMA. 2002 Sep 25;288(12):1491-8
12243636
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Jan 1;41(1):39-44
12570942
Radiology. 2001 Apr;219(1):264-9
11274568
Ann Intern Med. 1970 Jun;72(6):813-22
4247338
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Sep 5;48(5):1018-26
16949496
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Mar 21;47(6):1159-60
16545645
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 Jun;186(6 Suppl 2):S401-6
16714616
Radiology. 2006 Nov;241(2):338-54
17057063
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Nov;28(5):1108-15
18837001
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Dec 5;48(11):2285-92
17161261
Am J Cardiol. 2001 May 1;87(9):1051-7
11348601
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006 Mar 21;47(6):1150-8
16545644
Radiology. 1988 Oct;169(1):59-63
3420283
Stroke. 2006 Jan;37(1):87-92
16339465
J Comput Assist Tomogr. 2009 Jan-Feb;33(1):1-7
19188777
Circulation. 2006 Oct 17;114(16):1761-91
17015792
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2006 Jun;186(6 Suppl 2):S357-65
16714609
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Sep 6;46(5):807-14
16139129
N Engl J Med. 1999 Jan 7;340(1):14-22
9878640
Am J Epidemiol. 2002 Nov 1;156(9):871-81
12397006
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008 Feb;190(2):W87-92
18212206
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000 May;35(6):1628-37
10807470
Circulation. 1986 Dec;74(6):1399-406
3536154
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004 Aug 18;44(4):923-30
15312881
Circulation. 2005 Mar 15;111(10):1313-20
15769774
Eur Heart J. 2008 Sep;29(18):2244-51
18573867
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1992 Nov 1;20(5):1118-26
1401612
Circulation. 2007 Jan 16;115(2):180-7
17200444
Int J Cardiol. 2007 Apr 25;117(2):227-31
16875746
Magn Reson Med. 2001 Nov;46(5):848-54
11675634
Circulation. 2006 Jan 3;113(1):30-7
16365194
Am J Cardiol. 2007 Feb 1;99(3):310-4
17261388
Am J Epidemiol. 2005 Sep 1;162(5):421-9
16076829
N Engl J Med. 1987 May 28;316(22):1371-5
3574413
Am Heart J. 2007 Apr;153(4):545-51
17383292
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Jul;28(1):60-6
18581356
Circulation. 2004 Sep 14;110(11):1456-62
15326072
Atherosclerosis. 2000 Jun;150(2):321-9
10856524
Circulation. 1993 Mar;87(3 Suppl):II56-65
8443925
Am J Cardiol. 2002 Jul 1;90(1):29-34
12088775
Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Feb;19(1):3-13
18690156
Semin Roentgenol. 2009 Apr;44(2):67-83
19233083
JAMA. 2004 Nov 17;292(19):2343-9
15547161
Am J Epidemiol. 1997 Sep 15;146(6):483-94
9290509
Circulation. 2001 Nov 27;104(22):2679-84
11723018
Am J Cardiol. 1992 Nov 1;70(13):1180-4
1414943
J Med Screen. 2004;11(1):3-7
15006106
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008 Dec 16;52(25):2148-55
19095132
Eur Heart J. 2003 Sep;24(17):1601-10
12964575
J Cardiovasc Magn Reson. 2005;7(2):409-13
15881522
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005 Jul 5;46(1):158-65
15992651
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003 Jun 4;41(11):1863-74
12798553
Herz. 2000 Jun;25(4):392-9
10948775
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007 Feb 6;49(5):594-600
17276184
Eur Heart J. 2000 Aug;21(16):1387-96
10952828
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009 May 5;53(18):1708-15
19406347
Hypertension. 1997 May;29(5):1095-103
9149672
Circulation. 2005 Jul 26;112(4):572-7
16009800
Radiology. 2003 Sep;228(3):826-33
12869688