title: The oldest old and GP end-of-life care in the Dutch community: a nationwide study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Provision of adequate care for the oldest old is increasingly crucial, given the current ageing trends. This study explores differences in end-of-life care of the oldest (≥85 years) versus the younger (65-84 years) old; testing the hypothesis that age could be an independent correlate of receiving specialised palliative care services (SPCS), having palliative-centred treatment and dying in a preferred place.
  
  
  METHODS
  general practitioners (GPs) participating in the nation-wide representative network in the Netherlands were asked to fill in patient, illness and care characteristics of all registered patients ≥65 years, who died non-suddenly in their practices between 2005 and 2008, using standardised forms. Associations with the palliative care variables were tested using multiple logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  nine hundred and ninety patients were registered. Among the oldest old, there were more women than men, more patients with heart failure than cancer, less hospital and home deaths and more residential care home deaths compared with the younger old. Of the oldest old, fewer received SPCS and more preferred to die in a residential care home than the younger old. Age was independently associated with palliative care provided: compared with the younger group, the oldest old received SPCS less often (OR = 0.7) and were treated with a palliative-centred goal more often (OR = 2.4); but age was not related to dying in a preferred place, i.e. independent of other characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  this study shows age to be independently associated with receiving SPCS in the Dutch community. Although the GPs do recognise the 'palliative phase' in the oldest old, involvement of specialist teams is somewhat less.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public and Occupational Health, The EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ebun.abarshi@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Ebun
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abarshi
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Echteld
authors.forename: Lieve
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van den Block
authors.forename: Gé
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Donker
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deliens
authors.forename: Bregje
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Onwuteaka-Philipsen
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D058006:General Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D057240:Patient Preference / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*