title: Type II collagen-hyaluronan hydrogel--a step towards a scaffold for intervertebral disc tissue engineering.
abstract: Intervertebral disc regeneration strategies based on stem cell differentiation in combination with the design of functional scaffolds is an attractive approach towards repairing/regenerating the nucleus pulposus. The specific aim of this study was to optimise a composite hydrogel composed of type II collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA) as a carrier for mesenchymal stem cells. Hydrogel stabilisation was achieved by means of 1-ethyl-3(3-dimethyl aminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) cross-linking. Optimal hydrogel properties were determined by investigating different concentrations of EDC (8 mM, 24 mM and 48 mM). Stable hydrogels were obtained independent of the concentration of carbodiimide used. The hydrogels cross-linked by the lowest concentration of EDC (8 mM) demonstrated high swelling properties. Additionally, improved proliferation of seeded rat mesenchymal stem cells (rMSCs) and hydrogel stability levels in culture were observed with this 8 mM cross-linked hydrogel. Results from this study indicate that EDC/NHS (8 mM) cross-linked type II collagen/HA hydrogel was capable of supporting viability of rMSCs, and furthermore their differentiation into a chondrogenic lineage. Further investigations should be conducted to determine its potential as scaffold for nucleus pulposus regeneration/repair.
authors.affiliation: Network of Excellence in Functional Biomaterials, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calderon
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Collin
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velasco-Bayon
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Halloran
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002234:Carbodiimides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013388:Succinimides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: C518491:1-ethyl-3-(3-(diethylamino)propyl)carbodiimide; D002234:Carbodiimides; D024043:Collagen Type II; D013388:Succinimides; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; C001426:N-hydroxysuccinimide