Studies on the phenolic profiling, anti-oxidant and cytotoxic activity of Indian honey: in vitro evaluation.
Commercial honey types were screened for phenolic profile and anti-oxidant capacity. Phenolic profiling was done using high performance liquid chromatography, which was further corroborated with electro spray ionisation-mass spectroscopy. Dihydroxy benzoic acid, caffeic acid, ferulic acid and cinnamic acid were the major phenolic constituents found in the honey samples. The anti-oxidant content and free-radical scavenging effect of honey were established using various assays. Total anti-oxidant potential and free-radical scavenging ability varied among the honey varieties and exhibited significant correlation with their phenolic content. Further, honey samples with richly abundant phenolic content were found to limit oxidant-induced cell death more effectively. Cytotoxic studies of a selected sample on a breast cancer cell displayed growth inhibition, depending on the concentration used. Cell cycle analysis indicated increasing accumulation of cells at the sub-G(1) phase. These results summarise the phenolic profile and anti-oxidant and cytotoxic potential of Indian honey samples for the first time.
Jaganathan
Saravana Kumar
SK
School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.
Mandal
Santi Mohan
SM
Jana
Saikat Kumar
SK
Das
Soumen
S
Mandal
Mahitosh
M
D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006722:Honey / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl