title: Myosin IIb regulates actin dynamics during synaptic plasticity and memory formation.
abstract: Reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton is essential for synaptic plasticity and memory formation. Presently, the mechanisms that trigger actin dynamics during these brain processes are poorly understood. In this study, we show that myosin II motor activity is downstream of LTP induction and is necessary for the emergence of specialized actin structures that stabilize an early phase of LTP. We also demonstrate that myosin II activity contributes importantly to an actin-dependent process that underlies memory consolidation. Pharmacological treatments that promote actin polymerization reversed the effects of a myosin II inhibitor on LTP and memory. We conclude that myosin II motors regulate plasticity by imparting mechanical forces onto the spine actin cytoskeleton in response to synaptic stimulation. These cytoskeletal forces trigger the emergence of actin structures that stabilize synaptic plasticity. Our studies provide a mechanical framework for understanding cytoskeletal dynamics associated with synaptic plasticity and memory formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Rex
authors.forename: Cristin F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Gavin
authors.forename: Maria D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Eniko A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kramar
authors.forename: Lulu Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yousheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Huganir
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muzyczka
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gall
authors.forename: Courtney A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rumbaugh
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D049229:Dendritic Spines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB; D009218:Myosins
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