Patterns of relationships between background characteristics, coping, and stroke caregiver outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
Little is known about mediators of stroke caregiver outcomes or patterns of relationships of outcome predictors. We examined relationships between the variable sets of caregiver and stroke survivor characteristics, coping (proposed mediators), and caregiver outcomes.


METHODS
We assessed 253 dyads prior to discharge from acute rehabilitation. Outcomes were depression, anxiety, preparedness, life change, and family functioning. Coping included problem solving, caregiver appraisal, and unmet resource needs. Multivariate canonical correlation analyses were computed between the sets of variables to identify unique patterns of relationships.


RESULTS
Six patterns of significant relationships were found (R =.30 to .84, Ps <.01 to .02). The strongest relationship was that between greater threat appraisal and negative life change, greater anxiety, and lower caregiving preparedness (P < .01). Caregiver characteristics (nonwhite, spousal caregivers) were related significantly to several outcomes (positive life change, lower anxiety, and less healthy family functioning) (R = .43, P <.01) and remained significant after controlling for the effect of mediators (R = .32, P < .02).


CONCLUSIONS
Findings suggest various patterns of relationships that provide guidance for individualizing early caregiver intervention. Clinicians can build on caregivers' strengths while identifying threats to adaptation to tailor interventions that promote healthy outcomes.
King
Rosemarie B
RB
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
Hartke
Robert J
RJ
Houle
Timothy T
TT
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D020521:Stroke / Q000451:nursing* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D055815:Young Adult
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