title: Novel brain model for training of deep microvascular anastomosis.
abstract: Models of the brain and skull were developed using a selective laser sintering method for training in the procedures of deep microvascular anastomosis. Model A has an artificial skull with two craniotomies, providing fronto-temporal-subtemporal and suboccipital windows. The brain in Model A is soft and elastic, and consists of the brainstem and a hemispheric part with a detailed surface. Rehearsals or training for anastomosis to the insular part of the middle cerebral artery, superior cerebellar artery, posterior cerebral artery, and posterior inferior cerebellar artery can be performed through the craniotomies. Model B has an artificial skull with a bifrontal craniotomy and an artificial brain consisting of the bilateral frontal lobes with an interhemispheric fissure and corpus callosum. Rehearsals or training for anastomosis of the callosal segment of the anterior cerebral artery can be practiced through this craniotomy. These realistic models will help to develop skills for deep vascular anastomosis, which remains a challenging neurosurgical procedure, even for experienced neurosurgeons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Research Institute for Brain and Blood Vessels-Akita, Akita, Japan. teddyish@akita-noken.go.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ono
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D002548:Cerebral Revascularization / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods; D003399:Craniotomy; D006801:Humans; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000601:surgery*; D007564:Japan; D055806:Microvessels / Q000601:surgery*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D012886:Skull; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods