title: Convergent integration of animal model and human studies of bipolar disorder (manic-depressive illness).
abstract: Animal models and human studies of bipolar disorder and other psychiatric disorders are becoming increasingly integrated, prompted by recent successes. Particularly for genomics, the convergence and integration of data across species, experimental modalities and technical platforms is providing a fit-to-disease way of extracting reproducible and biologically important signal, in sharp contrast to the fit-to-cohort effect, disappointing findings to date, and limited reproducibility of human genetic analyses alone. Such work in psychiatry can provide an example of how to address other genetically complex disorders, and in turn will benefit by incorporating concepts from other areas, such as cancer biology and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Le-Niculescu
authors.forename: Sagar D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Alexander B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Niculescu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans