Genome-wide gene expression analysis in response to organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos and diazinon in C. elegans.
Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) were originally designed to affect the nervous system by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase, an important regulator of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Over the past years evidence is mounting that these compounds affect many other processes. Little is known, however, about gene expression responses against OPs in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. This is surprising because C. elegans is extensively used as a model species in toxicity studies. To address this question we performed a microarray study in C. elegans which was exposed for 72 hrs to two widely used Ops, chlorpyrifos and diazinon, and a low dose mixture of these two compounds. Our analysis revealed transcriptional responses related to detoxification, stress, innate immunity, and transport and metabolism of lipids in all treatments. We found that for both compounds as well as in the mixture, these processes were regulated by different gene transcripts. Our results illustrate intense, and unexpected crosstalk between gene pathways in response to chlorpyrifos and diazinon in C. elegans.
Viñuela
Ana
A
Laboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Snoek
L Basten
LB
Riksen
Joost A G
JA
Kammenga
Jan E
JE
D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D003976:Diazinon / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D023281:Genomics; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000235:genetics; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D010575:Pesticides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; C108831:daf-16 protein, C elegans; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; D003976:Diazinon
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 1999 Apr-Jun;2(2):161-81
10230392
Brain Res Bull. 2008 Jul 1;76(4):424-38
18502319
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Nov 8;102(45):16275-80
16251270
PLoS Pathog. 2008 Oct;4(10):e1000175
18927620
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2005 May;19(3):433-46
21783509
Neurotoxicology. 2008 May;29(3):428-43
18394709
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 19;103(38):14086-91
16968778
Toxicol Sci. 2006 Jul;92(1):235-45
16611628
Toxicol Sci. 2003 Apr;72(2):193-200
12655035
Genome Res. 2006 Aug;16(8):1005-16
16809667
Methods. 2003 Dec;31(4):265-73
14597310
Nature. 2003 Jul 17;424(6946):277-83
12845331
Dev Biol. 2007 May 15;305(2):714-25
17397820
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2010 Jan-Feb;32(1):68-73
19166924
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2008 Oct;71(2):483-9
18187192
J Nippon Med Sch. 2007 Apr;74(2):92-105
17507786
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2004 Feb 1;194(3):248-56
14761681
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2009 Jan;28(1):97-104
18700808
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2006 Nov;25(11):2946-56
17089718
J Immunotoxicol. 2009 Jun;6(2):136-45
19589100
Bioinformatics. 2008 Feb 1;24(3):374-82
18204063
Toxicol Sci. 2002 Mar;66(1):34-53
11861971
PLoS Genet. 2008 Feb 29;4(2):e1000021
18454197
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2009;72(11-12):746-51
19492238
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2001 Nov;299(2):528-35
11602663
Biochim Biophys Acta. 2005 Jan 21;1727(1):16-26
15652154
Aging Cell. 2003 Apr;2(2):111-21
12882324
Bioinformatics. 2006 Nov 15;22(22):2825-7
16982708
PLoS Genet. 2006 Nov 10;2(11):e183
17096597
Genome Biol. 2007;8(6):R122
17592649
Arch Biochem Biophys. 2005 Jun 1;438(1):93-102
15910738
Bioinformatics. 2005 Aug 15;21(16):3439-40
16082012
Neurotoxicology. 2004 Dec;25(6):1013-30
15474619
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 2005 May 15;205(1):31-42
15885262
J Exp Zool A Comp Exp Biol. 2006 Sep 1;305(9):720-30
16902959
BMC Genomics. 2009 Apr 29;10:202
19402892
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2010 May;29(5):1182-91
20821556