Type I interferon modulates the battle of host immune system against viruses.
Type I interferon (IFN), as its name implies, 'interferes' with virus replication by activating numerous genes. Further, virus-induced type I IFN regulates the magnitude and functions of cells directing the host immune system. Importantly, recent exploration into how type I IFN operates following virus infection has advanced our understanding of its role with respect to modulation of host innate and adaptive immune responses. Such activities include the activation of antigen-presenting dendritic cells and the localization, expansion or differentiation of virus-specific T lymphocytes and antibody-producing B lymphocytes. However, type I IFN not only benefits the host but can also induce unnecessary or extremely pathogenic immune responses. This review focuses on such interactions and the manner in which type I IFN induces dynamic changes in the host immune network, particularly adaptive immune responses to viral invasion. Manipulating the type I IFN-mediated host immune response during virus infections could provide new immunotherapeutic interventions to remedy viral diseases and implement more effective and sustainable type I IFN therapy.
Seo
Young-Jin
YJ
Department of Surgery, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Virology Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri, USA.
Hahm
Bumsuk
B
D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*
D007371:Interferon-gamma
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