title: Does it matter where you go for breast surgery?: attending surgeon's influence on variation in receipt of mastectomy for breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Concerns about the use of mastectomy and breast reconstruction for breast cancer have motivated interest in surgeon's influence on the variation in receipt of these procedures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of surgeons on variations in the receipt of mastectomy and breast reconstruction for patients recently diagnosed with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Attending surgeons (n = 419) of a population-based sample of breast cancer patients diagnosed in Detroit and Los Angeles during June 2005 to February 2007 (n = 2290) were surveyed. Respondent surgeons (n = 291) and patients (n = 1780) were linked. Random-effects models examined the amount of variation due to surgeon for surgical treatment. Covariates included patient clinical and demographic factors and surgeon demographics, breast cancer specialization, patient management process measures, and attitudes about treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surgeons explained a modest amount of the variation in receipt of mastectomy (4%) after controlling for patient clinical and sociodemographic factors but a greater amount for reconstruction (16%). Variation in treatment rates across surgeons for a common patient case was much wider for reconstruction (median, 29%; 5th-95th percentile, 9%-65%) then for mastectomy (median, 18%; 5th-95th percentile, 8% and 35%). Surgeon factors did not explain between-surgeon variation in receipt of treatment. For reconstruction, 1 surgeon factor (tendency to discuss treatment plans with a plastic surgeon prior to surgery) explained a substantial amount of the between-surgeon variation (31%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgeons have largely adopted a consistent approach to the initial surgery options. By contrast, the wider between-surgeon variation in receipt of breast reconstruction suggests more variation in how these decisions are made in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. skatz@umich.edu
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Sarah T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abrahamse
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Friese
authors.forename: Amy K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Alderman
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Griggs
authors.forename: Ann S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Graff
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Hofer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010819:Physician's Role; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D055815:Young Adult
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