title: [Development of delivery system of bisphosphonates for the treatment of osteoporosis].
abstract: Bisphosphonates are carbon-substituted pyrophosphate (PCP) analogues that exhibit high affinity to hydroxylapatite and inhibit bone resorption after their administration. They are widely used as the first-choice drug for the treatment and prevention of bone diseases, including Paget's disease, hypercalcemia of malignancy, and osteoporosis. However, the oral bioavailability of bisphosphonates is quite low (1-2%). In addition, the oral administration of bisphosphonates has been associated with mucosal damage, including gastritis, gastric ulcer, and erosive esophagitis. Therefore, it is highly desirable to develop new delivery systems that improve their bioavailability and safety. In this review, recent challenges in the developments of novel delivery system of bisphosphonates are summarized. Then, future developments of delivery system of bisphosphonates are also discussed in order to improve their therapeutic efficacy and safety in the treatment of bone diseases.
authors.affiliation: Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto, Japan. hkatsumi@mb.kyoto-phu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hidemasa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katsumi
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusamori
authors.forename: Toshiyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakane
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D001682:Biological Availability; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004304:Dosage Forms; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015195:Drug Design; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D009297:Nasal Mucosa; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012869:Skin Absorption; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D004304:Dosage Forms