title: The novel pyrrolidine nor-lobelane analog UKCP-110 [cis-2,5-di-(2-phenethyl)-pyrrolidine hydrochloride] inhibits VMAT2 function, methamphetamine-evoked dopamine release, and methamphetamine self-administration in rats.
abstract: Both lobeline and lobelane attenuate methamphetamine self-administration in rats by decreasing methamphetamine-induced dopamine release via interaction with vesicular monoamine transporter-2 (VMAT2). A novel derivative of nor-lobelane, cis-2,5-di-(2-phenethyl)-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (UKCP-110), and its trans-isomers, (2R,5R)-trans-di-(2-phenethyl)-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (UKCP-111) and (2S,5S)-trans-di-(2-phenethyl)-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (UKCP-112), were evaluated for inhibition of [(3)H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding and [(3)H]dopamine uptake by using a rat synaptic vesicle preparation to assess VMAT2 interaction. Compounds were evaluated for inhibition of [(3)H]nicotine and [(3)H]methyllycaconitine binding to assess interaction with the major nicotinic receptor subtypes. In addition, compounds were evaluated for inhibition of methamphetamine-evoked endogenous dopamine release by using striatal slices. The most promising compound, UKCP-110, was evaluated for its ability to decrease methamphetamine self-administration and methamphetamine discriminative stimulus cues and for its effect on food-maintained operant responding. UKCP-110, UKCP-111, and UKCP-112 inhibited [(3)H]dihydrotetrabenazine binding (K(i) = 2.66 ± 0.37, 1.05 ± 0.10, and 3.80 ± 0.31 μM, respectively) and had high potency inhibiting [(3)H]dopamine uptake (K(i) = 0.028 ± 0.001, 0.046 ± 0.008, 0.043 ± 0.004 μM, respectively), but lacked affinity at nicotinic receptors. Although the trans-isomers did not alter methamphetamine-evoked dopamine release, UKCP-110 inhibited (IC(50) = 1.8 ± 0.2 μM; I(max) = 67.18 ± 6.11 μM) methamphetamine-evoked dopamine release. At high concentrations, UKCP-110 also increased extracellular dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. It is noteworthy that UKCP-110 decreased the number of methamphetamine self-infusions, while having no effect on food-reinforced behavior or the methamphetamine stimulus cue. Thus, UKCP-110 represents a new lead in the development of novel pharmacotherapies for the treatment of methamphetamine abuse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40536-0082, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Beckmann
authors.forename: Kiran B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Siripurapu
authors.forename: Justin R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nickell
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.forename: Emily D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Denehy
authors.forename: Ashish
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vartak
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Crooks
authors.forename: Linda P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Dwoskin
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bardo
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000157:Aconitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D008120:Lobeline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000378:metabolism; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012646:Self Administration; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013747:Tetrabenazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D050493:Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C555559:2,5-di-(2-phenethyl)pyrrolidine; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C493454:Slc18a2 protein, rat; D050493:Vesicular Monoamine Transport Proteins; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; C054634:methyllycaconitine; D008694:Methamphetamine; D009538:Nicotine; D008120:Lobeline; D004298:Dopamine; D000157:Aconitine; D013747:Tetrabenazine
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