Genetic variability among Anopheles species belonging to the Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles subgenera in the Amazon region.
BACKGROUND
Isoenzymatic analyses were performed involving species of the Nyssorhynchus and Anopheles subgenera in order to estimate the intra and interspecies genetic variability.


METHODS
Mosquitoes were caught at different localities in the Amazon region. The collection and rearing of mosquitoes in the laboratory followed specific protocols. For the genetic variability analyses, the technique of horizontal electrophoresis on starch and starch-agarose gel with appropriate buffer systems was used. The alloenzyme variation was estimated using the Biosys-1 software.


RESULTS
Out of the 13 loci, eight were polymorphic. Anopheles nuneztovari presented the largest number of alleles per locus, while the smallest number was detected in Anopheles marajoara from Macapá. The largest number of polymorphic loci was found for Anopheles marajoara from Maruanum and the smallest for Anopheles benarrochi (Guayará Mirim). Anopheles darlingi (Macapá) presented the greatest heterozygosity (Ho = 0.167 +/- 0.071), while the lowest heterozygosity (Ho = 0.045 +/- 0.019) was observed in Anopheles intermedius (Pacoval) of the subgenus Anopheles. Wright's F coefficient revealed considerable genetic structuring between the populations of Anopheles darlingi (Fst = 0.110) and between the populations of Anopheles marajoara (Fst = 0.082).


CONCLUSIONS
Considering all the species studied, the genetic distance ranged from 0.008 to 1.114. The greatest distance was between Anopheles mattogrossensis and Anopheles oswaldoi, while the smallest was between the Anopheles benarrochi populations.
Moroni
Raquel Borges
RB
Department of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Amazon, Manaus, AM, Brazil. borgesraquel@hotmail.com
Maia
Juracy de Freitas
Jde F
Tadei
Wanderli Pedro
WP
Santos
Joselita Maria Mendes dos
JM
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil; D004586:Electrophoresis; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation / Q000235:genetics*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
D007527:Isoenzymes