title: Beyond sugar daddies: intergenerational sex and AIDS in urban Zimbabwe.
abstract: In a survey of 1,313 men reporting on 2,465 partnerships recruited at beer halls in Harare, Zimbabwe, 2.5% met a definition of "sugar daddy": men with a non-marital partner at least 10 years younger and under 20 years old, and exchanged cash or goods for sex. Men engaging in intergenerational sex with a teenage woman had similar HIV prevalence, incomes, and condom use as men in other partnerships. Most men (62.3%) had partners 5 or more years younger, with wider age gaps in longer-term relationships. Condom use was less common within married and steady partnerships compared to casual and more common with younger women. The most common form of intergenerational sex, with the widest age gap and lowest condom use, occurs within marriages and steady partnerships. Such "conventional" intergenerational sex may play the pivotal role in sustaining a generalized epidemic across generations and present the most difficult challenge to prevention.
authors.affiliation: Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wyrod
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: Godfrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Woelk
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kellogg
authors.forename: Admire
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chirowodza
authors.forename: Knox
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makumbe
authors.forename: Willi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: McFarland
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult; D015030:Zimbabwe / Q000453:epidemiology