Endovascular techniques and procedures, methods for removal of intravascular foreign bodies.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of intravascular embolization of venous catheters reported in the world medical literature corresponds to 1% of all the described complications. However, its mortality rate may vary between 24 to 60%. Catheter malfunction is the most likely signal of embolization, since patients are usually asymptomatic.


OBJECTIVE
To report the method of removing intravascular foreign bodies, catheters with the use of various endovascular techniques and procedures.


METHODS
This is a two-year retrospective study of 12 patients: seven women and five men. The average age was 29 years (ranging from two months to 65 years).


RESULTS
Technical performance was 100% successful. Ten port-a-caths, one intra-cath and one PICC were extracted. The most common sites for the lodging of one of the ends of the intravascular foreign bodies were the right atrium (41.6%) and the right ventricle (33.3%). In 100% of the cases, only one venous access was used for extraction of foreign bodies, and in 91.6% of the cases (11 catheters) the femoral access was used. The loop-snare was used in 10 cases (83.3%). The most common cause of intravascular foreign body insertion was a catheter fracture, which occurred in 66.6% of the cases (eight cases). One major complication, the atrial fibrillation, occurred (8.3%), which was related to the intravascular foreign body extraction. The mortality rate in 30 days was zero.


CONCLUSIONS
Percutaneous retrieval of intravascular foreign bodies is considered gold standard treatment because it is a minimally invasive, relatively simple, safe procedure, with low complication rates compared to conventional surgical treatment.
Motta Leal Filho
Joaquim Maurício da
JM
Sociedade Brasileira de Radiologia Intervencionista e Cirurgia Endovascular, ICHC-FMUSP/InCor/ICESP. jotamauf@yahoo.com.br
Carnevale
Francisco Cesar
FC
Nasser
Felipe
F
Santos
Aline Cristine Barbosa
AC
Sousa Junior
Wilson de Oliveira
Wde O
Zurstrassen
Charles Edouard
CE
Affonso
Breno Boueri
BB
Moreira
Airton Mota
AM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods*; D057510:Endovascular Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005268:Femoral Vein / Q000601:surgery; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult