title: Characterized polysaccharides from black soybean induce granulocyte colony-stimulated factor gene expression in a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent manner.
abstract: Black soybean (Glycine max L. merr.) is an edible Chinese medicine for nourishment spleen. In the present study, effects of characterized polysaccharides from black soybean (PGM) on granulocyte colony-stimulated factor (G-CSF) production in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were determined and their action mechanisms were examined. The results indicated that PGM concentration-dependently enhanced G-CSF production in PBMC through modulation of mRNA expression. Data from Western blotting showed that PGM significantly induced the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) activation in PBMC. The nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation in PBMC was increased with PGM by modulation of IκB degradation and PKC θ activation. The levels of G-CSF mRNA in PGM-treated PBMC could be reduced by ERK inhibitor U0126 and NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, respectively. Furthermore, the data showed that PGM stimulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)-regulated Akt phosphorylation. The PI3K inhibitor, Ly294002, blocked ERK, NF-κB, and PKC θ activation and G-CSF mRNA expression in PBMC induced by PGM. Thus, we first proved that the enhancement mechanisms of PGM on G-CSF production, appeared to be mediated, at least in part, through activation of PI3K, ERK, PKC θ, and NF-κB signaling pathways in PBMC. We suggest that PGM from black soybean is a potential G-CSF stimulator.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ming-Hsi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yi-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wei-Jern
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Wen-Bin
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kai-An
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Jyh-Fei
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Chia-Chuan
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuh-Chi
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kuo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013025:Glycine max; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D002867:Chromones; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D009025:Morpholines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009570:Nitriles; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013859:Thiocarbamates; C113580:U 0126; C020972:pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one