title: Urinary proteomics evaluation in interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) is characterized by chronic pain, pressure and discomfort felt in the pelvis or bladder. An in-depth shotgun proteomics study was carried out to profile the urinary proteome of women with IC/PBS to identify possible specific proteins and networks associated with IC%PBS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urine samples from ten female IC/PBS patients and ten female asymptomatic, healthy control subjects were analyzed in quadruplicate by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) on a hybrid linear ion trap-orbitrap mass spectrometer. Gas-phase fractionation (GPF) was used to enhance protein identification. Differences in protein quantity were determined by peptide spectral counting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  alpha-1B-glycoprotein (A1BG) and orosomucoid-1 (ORM1) were detected in all IC%PBS patients, and > or = 60% of these patients had elevated expression of these two proteins compared to control subjects. Transthyretin (TTR) and hemopexin (HPX) were detected in all control individuals, but > or = 60% of the IC/PBS patients had decreased expression levels of these two proteins. Enrichment functional analysis showed cell adhesion and response to stimuli were down-regulated whereas response to inflammation, wounding, and tissue degradation were up-regulated in IC/PBS. Activation of neurophysiological processes in synaptic inhibition, and lack of DNA damage repair may also be key components of IC%PBS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are qualitative and quantitative differences between the urinary proteomes of women with and without IC%PBS. We identified a number of proteins as well as pathways%networks that might contribute to the pathology of IC%PBS or result from perturbations induced by this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Young Ah
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Goo
authors.forename: Yihsuan S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Alvin Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Goodlett
authors.forename: Claire C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D011506:Proteins