title: Organophosphorus pesticide residues in raw milk and infant formulas from Spanish northwest.
abstract: Residue levels of seven organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs), widely used as dairy cattle ectoparasiticides or in crops used for animal feed, were determined in raw milk and infant formulas. A total of 312 samples were collected (70 from infant formulas and 242 from raw milk) biweekly during a 24-month period. Pesticides were extracted by means of a solid phase system into acetone. An extract aliquot of acetone was injected into a gas chromatograph (GC) with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector. Recoveries of pesticides spiked in milk samples were 62.2 - 97.2 %. The frequency of total samples containing detectable levels of OPP residues was 6.73 % in total milk and 8.67 % in raw milk. The highest percentage incidence measured was for dichlorvos (5.78 %), followed by coumaphos (2.06 %), and parathion methyl (0.83 %). The range of positive results was calculated to be between 0.005 and 0.220 mg kg(- 1). No residue was detected in the final product (infant formulas), so any risk to consumer health, especially to children's health, would be limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Melgar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Santaeufemia
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Garcia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues