The development of human functional brain networks.
Recent advances in MRI technology have enabled precise measurements of correlated activity throughout the brain, leading to the first comprehensive descriptions of functional brain networks in humans. This article reviews the growing literature on the development of functional networks, from infancy through adolescence, as measured by resting-state functional connectivity MRI. We note several limitations of traditional approaches to describing brain networks and describe a powerful framework for analyzing networks, called graph theory. We argue that characterization of the development of brain systems (e.g., the default mode network) should be comprehensive, considering not only relationships within a given system, but also how these relationships are situated within wider network contexts. We note that, despite substantial reorganization of functional connectivity, several large-scale network properties appear to be preserved across development, suggesting that functional brain networks, even in children, are organized in manners similar to other complex systems.
Power
Jonathan D
JD
Department of Neurology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. powerj@wusm.wustl.edu
Fair
Damien A
DA
Schlaggar
Bradley L
BL
Petersen
Steven E
SE
D000367:Age Factors; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development*
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 10;106(6):2035-40
19188601
Cereb Cortex. 1991 Jan-Feb;1(1):1-47
1822724
Trends Neurosci. 2006 Jun;29(6):323-9
16697057
Brain Res. 1979 Mar 16;163(2):195-205
427544
PLoS Comput Biol. 2005 Sep;1(4):e42
16201007
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Jul 5;102(27):9673-8
15976020
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Aug 14;104(33):13507-12
17679691
Brain. 2009 Jan;132(Pt 1):225-38
18952678
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 13;106(41):17558-63
19805061
Trends Cogn Sci. 2010 Apr;14(4):180-90
20206576
J Cogn Neurosci. 1997 Fall;9(5):648-63
23965122
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Nov 13;104(46):18265-9
17991778
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2001 Aug;22(7):1326-33
11498421
Nature. 1998 Jun 4;393(6684):440-2
9623998
Annu Rev Psychol. 2005;56:57-87
15709929
Neuroimage. 2008 May 15;41(1):45-57
18367410
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 26;104(26):11073-8
17576922
Neuron. 2006 Jun 1;50(5):799-812
16731517
J Neurosci. 2009 Oct 7;29(40):12558-67
19812330
Brain Res. 2008 Aug 5;1223:42-9
18599026
PLoS Biol. 2009 Jul;7(7):e1000157
19621066
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2002 Mar;3(3):201-15
11994752
J Neurosci. 2008 Jun 18;28(25):6453-8
18562616
Neuron. 2007 Oct 25;56(2):252-69
17964244
Science. 2005 Nov 4;310(5749):805-10
16272112
J Neurosci. 2007 Feb 28;27(9):2349-56
17329432
Pediatr Res. 2009 Sep;66(3):301-5
19531974
Hum Brain Mapp. 2009 Aug;30(8):2356-66
19172655
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Mar 9;107(10):4734-9
20176931
Magn Reson Med. 2000 Sep;44(3):373-8
10975887
Nature. 2000 Jul 27;406(6794):378-82
10935628
Nature. 1999 Oct 21;401(6755):792-6
10548104
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Apr 21;106(16):6790-5
19351894
Science. 1995 Nov 3;270(5237):802-5
7481770
Neuron. 2007 Mar 15;53(6):905-18
17359924
Neuroimage. 2007 Mar;35(1):396-405
17239622
Cereb Cortex. 2009 Mar;19(3):640-57
18653667
J Neurosci. 2009 Feb 11;29(6):1860-73
19211893
Phys Rev Lett. 2005 Jan 14;94(1):018102
15698136
PLoS Biol. 2008 Jul 1;6(7):e159
18597554
Cereb Cortex. 2005 Sep;15(9):1332-42
15635061
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2009 Mar;10(3):186-98
19190637
Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys. 2004 Feb;69(2 Pt 2):026113
14995526
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Sep 25;104(39):15531-6
17878310
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001 Jan 16;98(2):676-82
11209064
Neuroimage. 2010 Aug 1;52(1):290-301
20385244
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Sep 12;103(37):13848-53
16945915
Magn Reson Med. 1995 Oct;34(4):537-41
8524021
Brain Res Bull. 2001 Feb;54(3):255-66
11287130
Nature. 2004 Sep 30;431(7008):573-8
15457262
Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):509-12
10521342
Neuroimage. 2010 Sep;52(3):1059-69
19819337
Nature. 2007 May 3;447(7140):83-6
17476267
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Jun 12;104(24):10240-5
17548818
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2008 Nov;29(10):1883-9
18784212
Science. 1996 Nov 15;274(5290):1133-8
8895456
Neuroimage. 2007 Dec;38(4):696-707
17904385
Nat Rev Neurosci. 2001 Apr;2(4):229-39
11283746
Neuroimage. 2008 Jul 15;41(4):1493-503
18482851
Neuron. 2010 Jul 15;67(1):156-70
20624599
J Neurosci. 2006 Jan 4;26(1):63-72
16399673
Neuroimage. 2003 Jun;19(2 Pt 1):466-70
12814595
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Mar 17;106(11):4489-94
19255447
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Oct 14;105(41):16039-44
18843113
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jul 7;106(27):11376-81
19549821
Neuroimage. 1998 Feb;7(2):119-32
9558644
Science. 1984 Sep 21;225(4668):1258-65
6474175
J Neurosci. 2009 Jun 10;29(23):7619-24
19515930
PLoS One. 2009;4(4):e5226
19381298
Proc Biol Sci. 2006 Feb 22;273(1585):503-11
16615219
J Comp Neurol. 1996 Jul 22;371(2):179-207
8835726
Neuroimage. 2009 Feb 1;44(3):715-23
19027073
Nature. 1999 Feb 4;397(6718):434-6
9989409
PLoS Comput Biol. 2009 May;5(5):e1000381
19412534
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Mar 11;105(10):4028-32
18322013
J Neurophysiol. 2010 Jan;103(1):297-321
19889849
Cereb Cortex. 2010 Dec;20(12):2852-62
20237243
Cereb Cortex. 2011 Jan;21(1):145-54
20421249
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Jan 7;100(1):253-8
12506194
J Neuropathol Exp Neurol. 1987 May;46(3):283-301
3559630
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010 Jun 1;107(22):10238-43
20439733
Science. 1965 Jul 30;149(3683):510-5
14325149
Phys Rev Lett. 2001 Nov 5;87(19):198701
11690461