title: Cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery for severely obese adults with diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the cost-effectiveness of bariatric surgery in severely obese (BMI >or=35 kg/m(2)) adults who have diabetes, using a validated diabetes cost-effectiveness model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We expanded the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-RTI Diabetes Cost-Effectiveness Model to incorporate bariatric surgery. In this simulation model, bariatric surgery may lead to diabetes remission and reductions in other risk factors, which then lead to fewer diabetes complications and increased quality of life (QoL). Surgery is also associated with perioperative mortality and subsequent complications, and patients in remission may relapse to diabetes. We separately estimate the costs, quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs), and cost-effectiveness of gastric bypass surgery relative to usual diabetes care and of gastric banding surgery relative to usual diabetes care. We examine the cost-effectiveness of each type of surgery for severely obese individuals who are newly diagnosed with diabetes and for severely obese individuals with established diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all analyses, bariatric surgery increased QALYs and increased costs. Bypass surgery had cost-effectiveness ratios of $7,000/QALY and $12,000/QALY for severely obese patients with newly diagnosed and established diabetes, respectively. Banding surgery had cost-effectiveness ratios of $11,000/QALY and $13,000/QALY for the respective groups. In sensitivity analyses, the cost-effectiveness ratios were most affected by assumptions about the direct gain in QoL from BMI loss following surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our analysis indicates that gastric bypass and gastric banding are cost-effective methods of reducing mortality and diabetes complications in severely obese adults with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: RTI-UNC Center of Excellence in Health Promotion Economics, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA. tjh@rti.org
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hoerger
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Joel E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Segel
authors.forename: Henry S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Lawrence E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Couper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D050110:Bariatric Surgery / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000601:surgery*; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years
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