title: Three-dimensional computed tomography in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the feasibility of fusion of a 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D CT) dataset to the routine fluoroscopic image in the cardiac catheterization laboratory.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Routine fluoroscopic imaging in the cardiac catheterization laboratory often does not provide adequate anatomic detail for structural cardiac interventions. The modern C-arm is capable of acquiring CT-like 3D images (Syngo DynaCT), and the overlay of CT-acquired details on the fluoroscopic image may be useful. The feasibility of this new technology has not yet been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients (presenting with three different clinical indications) were selected, all of whom had previously undergone contrast-enhanced chest CT. Anatomic details of interest were marked on the preprocedural CT, and the CT was registered to a DynaCT acquired in the catheterization laboratory. The CT:CT registration was then fused to the "real-time" fluoroscopic image.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fusion of the CT to the fluoroscopic image was successful in these three patients and provided a substantial degree of anatomic guidance for catheter and device manipulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have demonstrated the ability to delineate cardiovascular structures of interest on the "real-time" fluoroscopic image using CT fusion. Future studies should address whether this technology can reduce overall contrast administration and radiation dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Amar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krishnaswamy
authors.forename: E Murat
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tuzcu
authors.forename: Samir R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kapadia
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D003287:Contrast Media; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007753:Laboratories; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media