title: Salivary osteocalcin levels are decreased in smoker chronic periodontitis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was planned to investigate whether smoker chronic periodontitis patients exhibit different salivary concentrations of C-telopeptide pyridinoline cross-links of type I collagen (ICTP) and osteocalcin (OC) compared to the non-smoker counterparts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole saliva samples, full-mouth clinical periodontal recordings were obtained from 33 otherwise healthy chronic periodontitis patients and 36 systemically, periodontally healthy control subjects. Chronic periodontitis patients and healthy control subjects were divided into smoker and non-smoker groups according to their self reports. Salivary ICTP, OC levels were determined by Enzyme-linked Immunoassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Healthy control groups exhibited significantly lower values in all clinical periodontal measurements (P < 0.001). Smoker periodontitis patients revealed similar clinical periodontal index values with non-smoker counterparts (P > 0.05). Chronic periodontitis patients exhibited significantly higher salivary OC levels than healthy controls (P < 0.05). Smoker periodontitis patients revealed lower salivary OC levels than non-smoker counterparts (P < 0.001). Log ICTP levels in non-smoker chronic periodontitis patients were higher than non-smoker controls (P < 0.05). Smoker healthy control group revealed higher log ICTP levels than non-smoker counterparts (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, it may be suggested that suppression of salivary osteocalcin level by smoking may at least partly explain the deleterious effects of smoking on periodontal status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozçaka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nalbantsoy
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buduneli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis*; D010455:Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin