title: Prognosis and surgical treatment of gastric cancer invading adjacent organs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognostic factors and surgical management of gastric cancer invading adjacent organs remains controversial. The aim was to provide valuable prognostic and surgical information on patients with gastric cancer invading adjacent organs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The retrospectively study included 367 patients who underwent gastric resection for gastric cancer invading adjacent organs. Clinicopathologic variables were evaluated as predictors of long-term survival by univariate and multivariate analyses. Multivariate analysis was performed using Cox's proportional hazards model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The five-year survival rate was 10.1%, and median survival period was 14 months. The five-year survival rate was influenced by histologic type, lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, peritoneal dissemination, extent of lymph node dissection and curability of operation. Of these, independent prognostic factors were lymph node metastasis (N2, N3 versus N0, N1, relative risk 2.028, P < 0.001), liver metastasis (present versus absent, relative risk 1.582, P= 0.023) and curative resection (no versus yes, relative risk 1.719, P < 0.001). A significant survival benefit for curative resection was observed with a five-year survival rate of 21.5% compared with non-curatively resected cases (5.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with gastric cancer invading adjacent organs, three independent prognostic factors were lymph node metastasis, liver metastasis, and curative resection. For patients with gastric cancer invading adjacent organs, we recommend performing combined organ resection in patients with locally advanced gastric carcinoma regardless of curability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterologic Surgery, Tumor Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hongfeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Guanyu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yingwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002423:Cause of Death; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome