title: Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder after liver transplantation: report of 5 cases among more than 550 liver transplants in Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a spectrum of diseases defined as polyclonal or monoclonal proliferations of lymphocytes which occur after solid organ transplants. In this study, we report our first experiences with PTLD following liver transplantation in Iran.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed five cases of PTLD which followed liver transplantation among more than 550 liver transplants in our center. Of these, three were pediatric cases and two were adults. The underlying causes were tyrosinemia, autoimmune hepatitis, and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) in the three pediatric cases. HCV hepatitis was the primary cause for cirrhosis in one of the adults and the other adult was labeled as cryptogenic cirrhosis. All cases, except for one, developed PTLD during the first year following liver transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were diagnosed as PTLD, B-cell, MALT and Hodgkin-like (according to the WHO classification of PTLD). The three pediatric patients died despite discontinuation of immunosuppressive drugs and chemotherapy. Fortunately both adult patients, until now, are still alive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of PTLD in our center is lower than previous reports from other centers (0.9%), with a 60% mortality rate and worse prognosis in the pediatric age group.
authors.affiliation: Transplant Center, Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. geramib@sums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Bita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Geramizadeh
authors.forename: Seyed-Ali
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Malek-Hosseini
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahador
authors.forename: Heshmatollah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Salahi
authors.forename: Saman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikeghbalian
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharifian
authors.forename: Kamran B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Lankarani
authors.forename: Mohammad-Hadi
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Imanieh
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dehghani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014750:Vincristine; D016572:Cyclosporine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011239:Prednisolone; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D016559:Tacrolimus