Relative actin nucleation promotion efficiency by WASP and WAVE proteins in endothelial cells.
The mammalian genome encodes multiple Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP)/WASP-family Verprolin homologous (WAVE) proteins. Members of this family interact with the actin related protein (Arp) 2/3 complex to promote growth of a branched actin network near the plasma membrane or the surface of moving cargos. Arp2/3 mediated branching can further lead to formation of comet tails (actin rockets). Despite their similar domain structure, different WASP/WAVE family members fulfill unique functions that depend on their subcellular location and activity levels. We measured the relative efficiency of actin nucleation promotion of full-length WASP/WAVE proteins in a cytoplasmic extract from primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). In this assay WAVE2 and WAVE3 complexes showed higher nucleation efficiency than WAVE1 and N-WASP, indicating distinct cellular controls for different family members. Previously, WASP and N-WASP were the only members that were known to stimulate comet formation. We observed that in addition to N-WASP, WAVE3 also induced short actin tails, and the other WAVEs induced formation of asymmetric actin shells. Differences in shape and structure of actin-based growth may reflect varying ability of WASP/WAVE proteins to break symmetry of the actin shell, possibly by differential recruitment of actin bundling or severing (pruning or debranching) factors.
Kang
Hyeran
H
Department of Physics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Wang
Jingjing
J
Longley
Sarah J
SJ
Tang
Jay X
JX
Shaw
Sunil K
SK
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051316:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D051300:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family / Q000378:metabolism*
D000199:Actins; D051316:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein; D051300:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein Family
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