title: [Analysis of risk factors related to mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical features of reported cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and to evaluate the risk factors related to outcome.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic search of databases from January 1995 to December 2009 was performed. Baseline characteristics of survivors and non-survivors in the hospital were compared with the chi2 test for categorical variables. Variables with P<0.2 were entered in Logistic regression. Survival analysis was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method according to use of antimicrobials inhibiting toxin production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-two articles were identified reporting data on 74 patients, with 41.1% of total mortality, short duration of symptom onset to death [(6.1+/-11.0) days], and prolonged hospital admissions [(28.6+/-29.1) days]. Logistic regression analysis showed that influenza like symptoms (P=0.04), hemoptysis (P<0.01), leucopenia (P<0.01) were the risk factors associated with death, and using clindamycin or linezolid which could inhibit the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PLV, P<0.01) was the factor associated with survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the antibiotic therapies inhibiting toxin production were associated with improved outcome in these cases (chi2=21.59, P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAP due to MRSA is a severe disease with significant lethality. Empiric therapy of severe CAP with flu-like symptoms, hemoptysis and leucopenia should include coverage for MRSA. Targeted treatment with antimicrobials inhibiting toxin production appear to be more appropriate selection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, Guangdong, Chin.
authors.forename: Hong-tao
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tian-tuo
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jia-xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yu-qi
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ben-quan
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; D008875:Middle Aged; D011023:Pneumonia, Staphylococcal / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000401:mortality*; D055815:Young Adult