title: c9t11-Conjugated linoleic acid-rich oil fails to attenuate wasting in colon-26 tumor-induced late-stage cancer cachexia in male CD2F1 mice.
abstract: METHODS
  Cancer cachexia is characterized by muscle and adipose tissue wasting caused partly by chronic, systemic inflammation. Conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) are a group of fatty acids with various properties including anti-inflammatory cis9, trans11 (c9t11)-CLA and lipid-mobilizing trans10, cis12 (t10c12)-CLA. The purpose of this study was to test whether dietary supplementation of a c9t11-CLA-rich oil (6:1 c9t11:t10c12) could attenuate wasting of muscle and adipose tissue in colon-26 adenocarcinoma-induced cachexia in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Loss of body weight, muscle and adipose tissue mass caused by tumors were not rescued by supplementation with the c9t11-CLA-rich oil. In quadriceps muscle, c9t11-CLA-rich oil exacerbated tumor-induced gene expression of inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-6 receptor and the E3 ligase MuRF-1 involved in muscle proteolysis. In epididymal adipose tissue, tumor-driven delipidation and atrophy was aggravated by the c9,t11-CLA-rich oil, demonstrated by further reduced adipocyte size and lower adiponectin expression. However, expression of inflammatory cytokines and macrophage markers were not altered by tumors, or CLA supplementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that addition of c9t11-CLA-rich oil (0.6% c9t11, 0.1% t10c12) in diet did not ameliorate wasting in mice with cancer cachexia. Instead, it increased expression of inflammatory markers in the muscle and increased adipose delipidation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Kara L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Kliewer
authors.forename: Michelle L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Asp
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.forename: Martha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Belury
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy / Q000378:metabolism; D002100:Cachexia / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D048429:Cell Size; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004032:Diet; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D052097:Quadriceps Muscle / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; C499919:Adipoq protein, mouse; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000070584:Tripartite Motif Proteins; C503589:cis-9, trans-11-conjugated linoleic acid; C499084:Trim63 protein, mouse; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases