Human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial cells reendothelialize vein grafts and prevent thrombosis.
OBJECTIVE
To accelerate vein graft reendothelialization and reduce vein graft thrombosis by infusing human umbilical cord blood-derived endothelial cells (hCB-ECs) because loss of endothelium contributes to vein graft thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia.


RESULTS
Under steady flow conditions in vitro, hCB-ECs adhered to smooth muscle cells 2.5 to 13 times more than ECs derived from peripheral blood or human aorta (P<0.05). Compared with peripheral blood and human aorta ECs, hCB-ECs had 1.4-fold more cell surface α(5)β(1) integrin heterodimers per cell (P<0.05) and proliferated on fibronectin 4- to 10-fold more rapidly (P<0.05). Therefore, we used hCB-ECs to enhance reendothelialization of carotid interposition vein grafts implanted in NOD.CB17-Prkdc(scid)/J mice. Two weeks postoperatively, vein grafts from hCB-EC-treated mice demonstrated approximately 55% reendothelialization and no luminal thrombosis. In contrast, vein grafts from sham-treated mice demonstrated luminal thrombosis in 75% of specimens (P<0.05) and only approximately 14% reendothelialization. In vein grafts from hCB-EC-treated mice, 33±10% of the endothelium was of human origin, as judged by human major histocompatibility class I expression.


CONCLUSIONS
The hCB-ECs adhere to smooth muscle cells under flow conditions in vitro, accelerate vein graft reendothelialization in vivo, and prevent vein graft thrombosis. Thus, hCB-ECs offer novel therapeutic possibilities for vein graft disease.
Brown
Melissa A
MA
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Zhang
Lisheng
L
Levering
Vrad W
VW
Wu
Jiao-Hui
JH
Satterwhite
Lisa L
LL
Brian
Leigh
L
Freedman
Neil J
NJ
Truskey
George A
GA
D000818:Animals; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014680:Veins / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
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