Early origin of adult renal disease.
Observational studies in humans and experimental studies in animals have clearly shown that renal failure may start early in life. 'Fetal programming' is regulated by adaptations occurring in uterus including maternal nutrition, placental blood supply, and epigenetic changes. Low birth weight predisposes to hypertension and renal insufficiency. Congenital abnormalities of the kidney and urinary tract, adverse postnatal events, wrong nutritional habits may produce renal damage that will become clinically relevant in adulthood. Prevention should start early in children at risk of renal disease.
Maringhini
Silvio
S
Paediatric Nephrology Unit, G. Di Cristina Children's Hospital, A.R.N.A.S. Civico, Di Cristina, Fatebenefratelli, Palermo, Italy. s.maringhini@ospedalecivicopa.org
Corrado
Ciro
C
Maringhini
Guido
G
Cusumano
Rosa
R
Azzolina
Vitalba
V
Leone
Francesco
F
D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D004198:Disease Susceptibility / Q000151:congenital / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000196:embryology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000517:prevention & control; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics