Synthesis of ester prodrugs of 9-(S)-[3-hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) as anti-poxvirus agents.
9-(S)-[3-Hydroxy-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]-2,6-diaminopurine (HPMPDAP) and its cyclic form were selected for further evaluation as potential drug candidates against poxvirus infections. To increase bioavailability of these compounds, synthesis of their structurally diverse ester prodrugs was carried out: alkoxyalkyl (hexadecyloxypropyl, octadecyloxyethyl, hexadecyloxyethyl), pivaloyloxymethyl (POM), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, butylsalicylyl, and prodrugs based on peptidomimetics. Most HPMPDAP prodrugs were synthesized in the form of monoesters as well as the corresponding cyclic phosphonate esters. The activity was evaluated not only against vaccinia virus but also against different herpes viruses. The most potent and active prodrugs against vaccinia virus were the alkoxyalkyl ester derivatives of HPMPDAP, with 50% effective concentrations 400-600-fold lower than those of the parent compound. Prodrugs based on peptidomimetics, the 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, the POM, and the butylsalicylyl derivatives, were able to inhibit vaccinia virus replication at 50% effective concentrations that were equivalent or ∼10-fold lower than those observed for the parent compounds.
Krecmerová
Marcela
M
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. marcela@uochb.cas.cz
Holý
Antoín
A
Andrei
Graciela
G
Pomeisl
Karel
K
Tichý
Tomás
T
Brehová
Petra
P
Masojídková
Milena
M
Dracínský
Martin
M
Pohl
Radek
R
Laflamme
Genevieve
G
Naesens
Lieve
L
Hui
Hon
H
Cihlar
Tomas
T
Neyts
Johan
J
De Clercq
Erik
E
Balzarini
Jan
J
Snoeck
Robert
R
D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004952:Esters; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011212:Poxviridae / Q000187:drug effects*; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000187:drug effects; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004952:Esters; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011355:Prodrugs; C091173:9-(3-hydroxy-2-phosphonomethoxypropyl)-2,6-diaminopurine; D000225:Adenine