Continuous-relief diffractive optical elements for two-dimensional array generation.
Continuous surface-relief diffractive optical elements for two-dimensional array generation (fan-out) are designed and fabricated. Separable and nonseparable solutions for the two-dimensional element design are compared. The phase-grating microstructures are generated by laser-beam writing lithography in a single exposure step and converted to nickel shims by electroplating, enabling low-cost replicas to be produced by using laboratory and commercial replication processes. Results are presented for a 9 x 9 fan-out diffractive optical element with a measured efficiency of 94% and an overall uniformity within +/-8%; replicas in epoxy have the same efficiency and a uniformity of +/-15%.
Gale
M T
MT
Rossi
M
M
Schütz
H
H
Ehbets
P
P
Herzig
H P
HP
Prongué
D
D