title: Accumulation of nitrogen and changes in assimilation pigments of lichens transplanted in an agricultural area.
abstract: The results of a survey aimed at testing the hypothesis that the lichen Evernia prunastri, when transplanted in an agricultural area with high atmospheric NH(3) concentrations, would respond to NH(3) air pollution accumulating nitrogen in its thalli and showing changes in the concentration of assimilation pigments are presented. The results confirmed the hypothesis and showed that all lichen transplants accumulated nitrogen, suggesting that besides the release of atmospheric ammonia by animal stockfarms, the use of N-based fertilizers and the deposition of N-rich dust also may contribute to the high nitrogen availability to lichens in the study area. The result indicated that in the study area both the critical level of NH(3) and the critical load of N for lichens are exceeded and physiological damage is to be expected in sensitive species. The results of assimilation pigments in E. prunastri, with a decrease in the concentration of chlorophylls a and b and carotenoids, as well as chlorophyll degradation to phaeophytin, confirmed this hypothesis. However, owing to the limited data set and pending further studies, these conclusions should be considered as limited to the study area.
authors.affiliation: TerraData environmetrics, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. frati@terradata.it
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frati
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brunialti
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gaudino
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pati
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosamilia
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loppi
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D058458:Nitrogen Cycle; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D002734:Chlorophyll; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen
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