title: Internal mammary artery grafting for coronary hypoperfusion in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pediatric coronary artery bypass is performed for ischemic complications of Kawasaki disease, congenital coronary anomalies, and iatrogenic pediatric coronary artery problems.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed myocardial revascularization using the internal mammary artery in 6 children. A review of outcomes is presented here. Patient ages ranged from 7 days to 10 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no operative mortality. All coronary bypass grafts were patent at 3 months to 3 years postoperatively. No patient had recurrent angina or showed signs of myocardial ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Internal mammary artery bypass grafting can be successfully performed in infants and children with good results. Long-term patency and growth of the anastomosis of the distal vessel are not clear, but good clinical and angiographic results have been reported even after 25 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Baskent University, Istanbul, Turkey. canvuran@hotmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vuran
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wollenek
mesh_terms: D001317:Austria; D002648:Child; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency