T(2)-weighted 3D fast spin echo imaging with water-fat separation in a single acquisition.
OBJECTIVE
To develop a robust 3D fast spin echo (FSE) T(2)-weighted imaging method with uniform water and fat separation in a single acquisition, amenable to high-quality multiplanar reformations.


METHODS
The Iterative Decomposition of water and fat with Echo Asymmetry and Least squares estimation (IDEAL) method was integrated with modulated refocusing flip angle 3D-FSE. Echoes required for IDEAL processing were acquired by shifting the readout gradient with respect to the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill echo. To reduce the scan time, an alternative data acquisition using two gradient echoes per repetition was implemented. Using the latter approach, a total of four gradient echoes were acquired in two repetitions and used in the modified IDEAL reconstruction.


RESULTS
3D-FSE T(2)-weighted images with uniform water-fat separation were successfully acquired in various anatomies including breast, abdomen, knee, and ankle in clinically feasible scan times, ranging from 5:30-8:30 minutes. Using water-only and fat-only images, in-phase and out-of-phase images were reconstructed.


CONCLUSIONS
3D-FSE-IDEAL provides volumetric T(2)-weighted images with uniform water and fat separation in a single acquisition. High-resolution images with multiple contrasts can be reformatted to any orientation from a single acquisition. This could potentially replace 2D-FSE acquisitions with and without fat suppression and in multiple planes, thus improving overall imaging efficiency.
Madhuranthakam
Ananth J
AJ
Applied Science Lab, GE Healthcare, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Ananth.Madhuranthakam@ge.com
Yu
Huanzhou
H
Shimakawa
Ann
A
Busse
Reed F
RF
Smith
Martin P
MP
Reeder
Scott B
SB
Rofsky
Neil M
NM
Brittain
Jean H
JH
McKenzie
Charles A
CA
D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001834:Body Water; D001940:Breast / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008297:Male; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D021281:Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; D012016:Reference Values; D013113:Spin Labels
D013113:Spin Labels
Magn Reson Med. 2003 Mar;49(3):527-35
12594756
Magn Reson Med. 2004 Aug;52(2):415-9
15282827
Magn Reson Med. 2008 Sep;60(3):640-9
18727082
Magn Reson Med. 2002 Dec;48(6):1021-7
12465112
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006 Jan;23(1):36-41
16315212
Radiology. 1999 Sep;212(3):876-84
10478260
Magn Reson Med. 2007 Jun;57(6):1047-57
17534901
Magn Reson Med. 2005 Sep;54(3):636-44
16092103
J Magn Reson Imaging. 1993 Nov-Dec;3(6):894-9
8280980
Magn Reson Med. 2005 Oct;54(4):1032-9
16142718
J Magn Reson Imaging. 1997 Nov-Dec;7(6):1002-15
9400843
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2006 Oct;24(4):825-32
16969792
Magn Reson Med. 1991 Apr;18(2):371-83
2046518
Magn Reson Med. 2008 Nov;60(5):1122-34
18956464
Magn Reson Med. 2008 Jul;60(1):198-209
18581362
Acad Radiol. 2010 Mar;17(3):368-74
20042352
AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2008 Jan;190(1):W19-27
18094268
Radiology. 1984 Oct;153(1):189-94
6089263
Magn Reson Med. 2006 May;55(5):1030-7
16598719
Magn Reson Med. 1986 Dec;3(6):823-33
3821461
Radiology. 1994 Aug;192(2):555-61
8029431
Magn Reson Med. 2005 Sep;54(3):586-93
16086311
Phys Med Biol. 1985 Apr;30(4):341-4
4001160
J Magn Reson Imaging. 1995 Mar-Apr;5(2):181-5
7766980
J Comput Assist Tomogr. 1985 Nov-Dec;9(6):1084-9
4056142
Magn Reson Med. 1997 Feb;37(2):176-84
9001140
Invest Radiol. 2005 Dec;40(12):754-60
16304477
Magn Reson Med. 2005 Sep;54(3):625-35
16092102
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2007 Mar;25(3):644-52
17326087
Magn Reson Med. 1990 Aug;15(2):287-304
2392053