title: Interactive effects of metal contamination and pathogenic organisms on the introduced marine bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum in European populations.
abstract: In natural environment, marine organisms are concomitantly exposed to pollutants and multiple disease agents resulting in detrimental interactions. The present study evaluated interactive effects of metal contamination (cadmium) and pathogenic organisms (trematode parasites Himasthla elongata and pathogenic bacteria Vibrio tapetis) singularly and in combination on the bivalve Ruditapes philippinarum, an introduced species to Europe, under laboratory controlled conditions. After 7 days, metal bioaccumulation and pathogen load were analyzed as well as metallothionein (MT) response and hemocyte concentrations and activities. Results showed that infection by opportunistic pathogens affects metal accumulation, leading to maximal Cd accumulation in co-infected clams. Among stressors only V. tapetis induced significant effects on immune parameters whereas a particular interaction "trematode-bacteria" was shown on MT responses. Despite low trematode infection in agreement with the resistant status of R. philippinarum to these macroparasites, significant interaction with bacteria and metal occurred. Such results highlight the necessity of taking pathogens into account in ecotoxicological studies.
authors.affiliation: Université Bordeaux, UMR CNRS, Arcachon, France. i.paulpont@epoc.u-bordeaux1.fr
authors.forename: Ika
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paul-Pont
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: de Montaudouin
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jude
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paillard
authors.forename: Magalie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baudrimont
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005060:Europe; D058865:Introduced Species; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism; D014200:Trematoda / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014733:Vibrio / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002104:Cadmium; D008668:Metallothionein