title: Amaranthus leucocarpus lectin (ALL) enhances anti-CD3-dependent activation of murine T cells and promotes cell survival.
abstract: The Galβ1,3GalNAc-specific lectin from Amaranthus leucocarpus (ALL) shows a differential binding pattern on murine thymocytes, peripheral and activated CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. Although ALL detects activation-related changes in T cell surface carbohydrate moieties, no study has been performed to examine the effect of ALL on T cell activation. In this study, we analyzed the anti-CD3-dependent activation of murine T cells in the presence of ALL by measuring proliferation, surface activation marker expression, and IL-2 secretion using total cells from the lymph node. The results showed that ALL did not significantly induce T cell activation but did enhance anti-CD3-dependent activation of both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells. In addition, ALL protected T cells from spontaneous apoptosis and increased cell survival in serum-free culture conditions. Our findings indicate that ALL alone does not affect T cell activation, but do suggest that ALL has an anti-CD3-dependent co-stimulatory-like effect on T cell activation. Moreover, ALL promotes cell survival in regular and serum-free culture conditions. This study is the first report of a non-mitogenic T cell-binding lectin that can induce a possible costimulatory-like effect and provides a new tool for understanding how glycosylation impacts the T cell response.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael CosioVillegas, Calzada de Tlalpan 4502, 14080, Mexico.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Urrea
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zenteno
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Avila-Moreno
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Garcia
authors.forename: Joaquin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zuñiga
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lascurain
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Quintero
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D002241:Carbohydrates; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007376:Interleukin-2; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D037121:Plant Lectins; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C121359:Amaranthus leucocarpus lectin