title: Distinct changes in cAMP and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase signalling in L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In rodents, the development of dyskinesia produced by L-DOPA in the dopamine-depleted striatum occurs in response to increased dopamine D1 receptor-mediated activation of the cAMP - protein kinase A and of the Ras-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathways. However, very little is known, in non-human primates, about the regulation of these signalling cascades and their association with the induction, manifestation and/or maintenance of dyskinesia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We here studied, in the gold-standard non-human primate model of Parkinson's disease, the changes in PKA-dependent phosphorylation of DARPP-32 and GluR1 AMPA receptor, as well as in ERK and ribosomal protein S6 (S6) phosphorylation, associated to acute and chronic administration of L-DOPA. Increased phosphorylation of DARPP-32 and GluR1 was observed in both L-DOPA first-ever exposed and chronically-treated dyskinetic parkinsonian monkeys. In contrast, phosphorylation of ERK and S6 was enhanced preferentially after acute L-DOPA administration and decreased during the course of chronic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dysregulation of cAMP signalling is maintained during the course of chronic L-DOPA administration, while abnormal ERK signalling peaks during the initial phase of L-DOPA treatment and decreases following prolonged exposure. While cAMP signalling enhancement is associated with dyskinesia, abnormal ERK signalling is associated with priming.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sgambato-Faure
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savasta
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dovero
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fisone
authors.forename: Erwan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bezard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32 / Q000378:metabolism; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007980:Levodopa / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D007980:Levodopa; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins
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