Tumor interactions with soluble factors and the nervous system.
In the genomic era of cancer research, the development of metastases has been attributed to mutations in the tumor that enable the cells to migrate. However, gene analyses revealed that primary tumors and metastases were in some cases genetically identical and the question was raised whether metastasis formation might be an inherent feature of certain tumor cells. In contradiction to this view, the last decade of cancer research has brought to light, that tumor cell migration, similar to leukocyte and fibroblast migration, is a highly regulated process. The nervous system plays an important role in this regulation, at least in two respects: firstly, neurotransmitters are known to regulate the migratory activity of tumor cells, and secondly, nerve fibers are used as routes for perineural invasion. We also summarize here the current knowledge on the innervation of tumors. Such a process might establish a neuro-neoplastic synapse, with the close interaction of tumor cells and nerve cells supporting metastasis formation.
Voss
Melanie J
MJ
Institute of Immunology, ZBAF, Witten/Herdecke University, Stockumer Str, 10, 58448 Witten, Germany. entschladen@uni-wh.de.
Entschladen
Frank
F
Psychol Med. 2000 May;30(3):669-78
10883721
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Nov;1144:61-73
19076365
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Apr 15;15(8):2695-702
19351748
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2003 Apr;24(4):151-4
12706998
Cell. 2000 Jan 7;100(1):57-70
10647931
Curr Pharm Des. 2007;13(33):3440-4
18045197
J Neurochem. 2008 Sep;106(6):2476-88
18673452
Rev Neurosci. 2004;15(4):293-307
15526553
Psychol Bull. 2007 Nov;133(6):1007-37
17967092
Immunol Lett. 2003 Dec 15;90(2-3):165-72
14687720
Oncology. 1992;49(3):241-5
1323090
Brain Behav Immun. 2009 Feb;23(2):267-75
18996182
Cancer. 2009 Aug 1;115(15):3379-91
19484787
Prostate. 2001 Nov 1;49(3):213-23
11746267
J Urol. 2001 Jan;165(1):259-62
11125421
Nat Med. 2009 Jan;15(1):59-67
19098908
Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Dec 1;14(23):7593-603
19047084
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2007 Aug;293(2):C696-704
17494633
Microvasc Res. 2008 Mar;75(2):135-41
17764704
J Med Life. 2010 Jan-Mar;3(1):10-8
20302192
Cancer. 2005 Jul 15;104(2):305-13
15954082
Curr Med Chem. 2010;17(6):504-16
20015033
Cancer Res. 2003 May 1;63(9):2037-41
12727816
World J Surg. 2006 Sep;30(9):1672-9; discussion 1680-1
16850143
J Surg Oncol. 1993 Jun;53(2):78-83
8501910
Cells Tissues Organs. 2007;185(1-3):123-30
17587818
Prostate. 2006 Feb 15;66(3):266-72
16245277
Lancet Oncol. 2004 Apr;5(4):254-8
15050959
Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2220-1
11188701
Prog Exp Tumor Res. 2007;39:154-161
17314507
Cell. 1990 Jun 1;61(5):759-67
2188735
Mod Pathol. 2006 Jan;19(1):149-59
16258517
Cancer Biother Radiopharm. 2003 Dec;18(6):895-902
14969602
J Oral Pathol Med. 2004 Apr;33(4):230-6
15061711
Cancer Res. 2001 Apr 1;61(7):2866-9
11306460
Nat Med. 2006 Aug;12(8):939-44
16862152
Laryngoscope. 1999 May;109(5):821-6
10334238
Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique. 2004 Feb;52(1):53-65
15107693
Jpn J Cancer Res. 2002 Jul;93(7):729-35
12149137
Nature. 2008 Jul 24;454(7203):436-44
18650914
Int J Cancer. 2006 Jun 1;118(11):2744-9
16381019
J Cell Biochem. 2010 Jan 1;109(1):82-92
19885862
Lancet. 2001 Feb 17;357(9255):539-45
11229684
Oncogene. 1999 May 20;18(20):3098-103
10340381
Carcinogenesis. 1996 Feb;17(2):293-6
8625453
J Clin Pathol. 2007 Jul;60(7):749-55
17172475
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Sep 15;15(18):5615-20
19723648
Curr Pharm Des. 2006;12(21):2609-22
16842161
Schizophr Bull. 2001;27(3):431-42
11596845
Lancet. 1996 May 18;347(9012):1377-81
8637346
Cancer Res. 2002 Nov 15;62(22):6467-9
12438237
Prog Exp Tumor Res. 2007;39:78-90
17314502
Hum Pathol. 2003 May;34(5):457-61
12792919
World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Mar;9(3):399-403
12632484
Pharmacotherapy. 2001 Sep;21(9):1061-9
11560196
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 1999 Mar;20(3):100-4
10203864
Cell Cycle. 2006 Apr;5(8):812-7
16627996
Oncol Rep. 2009 Oct;22(4):825-30
19724861
Cancer Lett. 1997 Oct 28;119(1):125-30
18372531
Blood. 2007 Nov 1;110(9):3158-67
17625067
J Cell Biol. 1990 Apr;110(4):1211-5
2182646
Int J Urol. 2001 Feb;8(2):65-70
11240828
Breast Cancer Res Treat. 2003 Jul;80(1):63-70
12889599
Nature. 2001 Mar 1;410(6824):50-6
11242036
Lancet Oncol. 2005 May;6(5):265
15889500
Cancer. 2008 Feb 15;112(4):767-78
18098271
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2008 Apr-Jun;22(2):93-8
18597700
Curr Pharm Des. 2009;15(29):3396-416
19860687
J Pharmacol Sci. 2008 Feb;106(2):208-18
18296861
BMC Immunol. 2009 Dec 08;10:62
19968887
Cancer Causes Control. 2004 Aug;15(6):535-41
15280632
Nature. 2002 Aug 22;418(6900):823
12192390
Int J Cancer. 2004 Nov 1;112(2):231-8
15352035
Brain Behav Immun. 2003 Feb;17 Suppl 1:S109-11
12615195