title: Is non-invasive testing for sexually transmitted infections an efficient and acceptable alternative for patients? A randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A randomised controlled trial was conducted to assess and quantify the efficacy and acceptability of non-invasive testing (NIT) for sexually transmitted infections (STI) in asymptomatic patients within a genitourinary medicine clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to either standard of care (SOC-STI testing with genital examination) or NIT. The length of time patients spent in the clinic was recorded and patients were asked to complete a satisfaction survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  391 participants were randomly assigned. The length of time male and female patients spent in the clinic was significantly shorter with NIT (men 26 min; women 23 min) compared with SOC (men 41 min; women 45 min, p<0.0001), but most of this decrease was due to reduced patient waiting time within the clinic, rather than less time spent with medical or nursing staff. Those randomly assigned to NIT were significantly more likely to state they were in clinic for less time than expected (p<0.01) and report that the tests were less uncomfortable than expected (p≤0.04). For both men and women, more patients in the SOC group declined testing for syphilis (14%) and HIV (20%) compared with NIT (7% and 13%, respectively), but this was only significantly different between treatments for female patients (p≤0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NIT for STI in asymptomatic patients can reduce the time patients spend in the clinic when combined with appropriate patient care pathways, and is an acceptable alternative to physician-taken genital swabs.
authors.affiliation: Whittall Street GUM Clinic,Birmingham, UK. louise.brown@hobtpct.nhs.uk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Ives
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: J D C
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013997:Time Factors; D014850:Waiting Lists; D055815:Young Adult