title: A new thread guide instrument for endoscopic arytenoid lateropexy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The varied etiology of bilateral vocal cord immobility (BVCI) requires a wide range of surgical approaches. A new endolaryngeal thread guide instrument (ETGI) is presented here for a minimally invasive endoscopic lateropexy of the arytenoid cartilage, which might serve as a basis for a simple solution for the main types of BVCI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of BVCI patients who underwent surgery, including 22 bilateral vocal cord paralyses (BVCP), 12 mechanical fixations (MF), 10 posterior glottic stenoses, and two rheumatoid ankyloses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ETGI is based on a built-in movable curved blade with a hole at its tip to guide a thread in and out again between the skin and the laryngeal cavity. The loops formed around the arytenoid cartilage cause abduction. In cases of fixations, the cricoarytenoid joints were properly mobilized as a first step with a combination of cold technique and CO(2) laser.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As spirometric tests proved, 32 patients achieved improved breathing ability. One temporary tracheostomy was necessary and one patient with ongoing radiotherapy could not be decannulated. Subjectively, twelve patients' voices improved or approximated normal quality due to complete vocal cord recoveries on at least one side after lateropexy was ceased. Incomplete recovery with more or less impaired voice was observed in 16 cases. Three MF patients and two BVCP patients with poor overall health condition had severe dysphonia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined with simple and readily available methods, endoscopic arytenoid lateropexy is an effective solution for BVCIs with various etiologies. The ETGI facilitates this procedure with rapid and safe creation of fixating loops at the proper position.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery , Faculty of Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. office@orl.szote.u-szeged.hu
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rovó
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Madani
authors.forename: Balázs
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sztanó
authors.forename: Valéria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Majoros
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smehák
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szakács
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jóri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001193:Arytenoid Cartilage / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D020704:Laryngoscopes; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D007829:Laryngostenosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013147:Spirometry; D014139:Tracheostomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000601:surgery*