title: Gender difference of clinical characteristics in Chinese patients with spontaneous variant angina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spontaneous attack of variant angina (VA) is a unique component of coronary artery disease (CAD), and associated with severe cardiac events. However, no data are available regarding sex differences in Chinese patients with spontaneous attacks of VA. Accordingly, the present retrospective study was initiated to evaluate the Clinical characteristics of Chinese female patients with spontaneous attacks of VA.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2003 to January 2008, a total of 209 patients were diagnosed to have had a spontaneous attack of VA at Fu Wai Hospital. Of them, 27 were female, and their clinical findings were collected and compared with male patients for aspects of risk factors, clinical features and angiographical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spontaneous attacks of VA was relatively uncommon in female (12.9%) compared with male patients. The female patients were less likely to have a history of smoking (14.8% vs. 79.7%, P < 0.001), more likely to have a family history of CAD (33.3% vs. 11.0%, P < 0.01), and to have had a greater incidence of ventricular fibrillation during attack (11.1% vs. 2.2%, P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in other characteristics between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chinese female patients who experienced a spontaneous attack of VA had the characteristics of less smoking history, more family history of CAD and higher occurrence of ventricular fibrillation than male patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Fu Wai Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, China.
authors.forename: Cheng-gang
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jian-jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan-lu
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jin-qing
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Xue-wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Yue-jin
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Shu-bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Ji-lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zai-jia
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuan-lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000788:Angina Pectoris, Variant / Q000473:pathology*; D044466:Asian People; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors