title: Effect of rinsing with water immediately after neutral gel and foam fluoride topical application on enamel remineralization: An in situ study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate, in situ, the effect of rinsing with water immediately after neutral fluoride foam application (Foam) or fluoride gel application (Gel).
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten volunteers wore acrylic palatal appliances containing 4 enamel blocks selected by surface hardness with artificial caries. Five experimental regimes of 3 days each were set according to treatment: placebo; Gel and Foam followed by no rinsing or consuming of liquids or solids for the next 30min; Gel and Foam followed by immediately washing with water jet. After each phase, surface hardness was again measured for analysis of mineral gain, evaluated through percentage of surface hardness recovery (%SHR) and integrated loss of subsurface hardness (ΔKHN). The concentration of loosely bound fluoride (CaF2) and firmly bound fluoride (FA-like) formed and retained were also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fluoride treatments produced greater remineralization (%SHR and ΔKHN) compared to placebo group (p<0.05). There was no difference in the ability to promote remineralization and in the concentration of fluoride formed and retained, in each analysis, between Gel and Foam (p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that rinsing with water immediately after topical application does not seem to have an influence on the ability of fluoride to promote remineralization.
authors.affiliation: Univ Estadual Paulista, Araçatuba, SP, Brazil. adelbem@foa.unesp.br
authors.forename: A C B
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Delbem
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Danelon
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Sassaki
authors.forename: A E M
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Brighenti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005782:Gels; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes; D013499:Surface Properties; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D005782:Gels; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014867:Water; D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride