title: Expectations, acceptance, and preferences regarding microimplant treatment in orthodontic patients: A randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this study, we evaluated the pain and discomfort experienced by orthodontic patients by comparing how they rated pain associated with had microimplant placement, tooth extraction, and gingival tissue removal in preparation for implant placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six microimplants were placed in 28 consecutive orthodontic patients for anchorage reinforcement in the maxilla for en-masse retraction. For all patients, extractions of maxillary, or maxillary and mandibular, premolars had been planned. The recruited patients were randomized into 2 groups according to the timing of the extractions. In group A, at least 1 extraction was performed during the evaluation period; the extractions in group B were after the evaluations. Furthermore, all patients had 2 different surgical procedures for placement. On 1 side, the gingival tissue was removed before placement. On the contralateral side, the implant was placed transgingivally. Each patient's perception of pain and discomfort was evaluated by a questionnaire before, immediately after, and 1 week after the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The discomfort experienced during the extractions was described as very painful by 50% of the patients. It was significantly greater than during tissue removal and microimplant placement (P <0.05). Microimplant placement produced no pain in 30% of the patients and was described as the least painful procedure (P <0.05). Transgingival microimplant placement was significantly preferred by all patients (P <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microimplant surgery seems to be a well-accepted treatment option in orthodontic patients, with significantly lower pain levels than for tooth extractions. Furthermore, transgingival placement is clearly favored by patients who do not need tissue removed before placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics & Paedeatric Dentistry, King's College London, United Kingdom. info@praxis-baxmann.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baxmann
authors.forename: Fraser
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bourauel
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jäger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000601:surgery; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005890:Gingivectomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D057240:Patient Preference; D011677:Punctures / Q000295:instrumentation; D012690:Serial Extraction
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants