title: Real-Time Decision Making and Aggressive Behavior in Youth: A Heuristic Model of Response Evaluation and Decision (RED).
abstract: Considerable scientific and intervention attention has been paid to judgment and decision-making systems associated with aggressive behavior in youth. However, most empirical studies have investigated social-cognitive correlates of stable child and adolescent aggressiveness, and less is known about real-time decision making to engage in aggressive behavior. A model of real-time decision making must incorporate both impulsive actions and rational thought. The present paper advances a process model (response evaluation and decision; RED) of real-time behavioral judgments and decision making in aggressive youths with mathematic representations that may be used to quantify response strength. These components are a heuristic to describe decision making, though it is doubtful that individuals always mentally complete these steps. RED represents an organization of social-cognitive operations believed to be active during the response decision step of social information processing. The model posits that RED processes can be circumvented through impulsive responding. This article provides a description and integration of thoughtful, rational decision making and nonrational impulsivity in aggressive behavioral interactions.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.
authors.forename: Reid Griffith
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Fontaine
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Dodge
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 1995 Nov;104(4):632-43
references.pmid: 8530766
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 1997 Feb;106(1):37-51
references.pmid: 9103716
references.citation: Child Dev. 1996 Aug;67(4):1329-44
references.pmid: 8890486
references.citation: Dev Psychopathol. 2002 Winter;14(1):107-22
references.pmid: 11893088
references.citation: Child Dev. 1977 Jun;48(2):653-7
references.pmid: 880838
references.citation: J Consult Clin Psychol. 1979 Dec;47(6):1020-9
references.pmid: 512157
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1997 Feb;72(2):408-19
references.pmid: 9107008
references.citation: Child Dev. 1986 Jun;57(3):700-11
references.pmid: 3720399
references.citation: Science. 1990 Dec 21;250(4988):1678-83
references.pmid: 2270481
references.citation: Child Dev. 2003 Mar-Apr;74(2):374-93
references.pmid: 12705561
references.citation: Psychol Rev. 1967 Jan;74(1):29-39
references.pmid: 5341441
references.citation: J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1989 Jun;17(3):277-89
references.pmid: 2754113
references.citation: Child Dev. 1996 Jun;67(3):993-1002
references.pmid: 8706540
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987 Dec;53(6):1146-58
references.pmid: 3694454
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 1993;44:559-84
references.pmid: 8434896
references.citation: Psychol Rev. 1977 Mar;84(2):191-215
references.pmid: 847061
references.citation: Clin Psychol Rev. 2006 Dec;26(8):956-67
references.pmid: 16920240
references.citation: Psychol Rev. 1953 Jan;60(1):55-63
references.pmid: 13037938
references.citation: J Abnorm Psychol. 1981 Aug;90(4):375-9
references.pmid: 7264069
references.citation: Child Dev. 1996 Jun;67(3):1015-33
references.pmid: 8706507
references.citation: Child Dev. 1974 Mar;45(1):55-62
references.pmid: 4820286