Isolation and characterization of karlotoxin 1, a new amphipathic toxin from Karlodinium veneficum.
The karlotoxins (KmTxs) are a family of compounds produced by the dinoflagellate Karlodinium veneficum that cause membrane permeabilization. The structure of KmTx 1, determined using extensive 2D NMR spectroscopy, is very similar to the amphidinols and related compounds, though KmTx 1 features unique structural modifications of the conserved core region. The structure of KmTx 1 differs from that reported for KmTx 2, the only other reported karlotoxin to date, in lacking chlorination at its terminal alkene and possessing a hydrophobic arm that is two carbons longer.
Van Wagoner
Ryan M
RM
Center for Marine Science, University of North Carolina at Wilmington, 5600 Marvin K Moss Lane, Wilmington, NC 28409, USA.
Deeds
Jonathan R
JR
Satake
Masayuki
M
Ribeiro
Anthony A
AA
Place
Allen R
AR
Wright
Jeffrey L C
JL
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