title: Tissue engineered human tracheas for in vivo implantation.
abstract: Two years ago we performed the first clinical successful transplantation of a fully tissue engineered trachea. Despite the clinically positive outcome, the graft production took almost 3 months, a not feasible period of time for patients with the need of an urgent transplantation. We have then improved decellularization process and herein, for the first time, we completely describe and characterize the obtainment of human tracheal bioactive supports. Histological and molecular biology analysis demonstrated that all cellular components and nuclear material were removed and quantitative PCR confirmed it. SEM analysis revealed that the decellularized matrices retained the hierarchical structures of native trachea, and biomechanical tests showed that decellularization approach did not led to any influence on tracheal morphological and mechanical properties. Moreover immunohistological staining showed the preservation of angiogenic factors and angiogenic assays demonstrated that acellular human tracheal scaffolds exert an in vitro chemo-active action and induce strong in vivo angiogenic response (CAM analysis). We are now able to obtained, in a short and clinically useful time (approximately 3 weeks), a bioengineered trachea that is structurally and mechanically similar to native trachea, which exert chemotactive and pro-angiogenic properties and which could be successfully used for clinical tissue engineered airway clinical replacements.
authors.affiliation: BIOAIR Lab, Department of General Thoracic and Regenerative Surgery and Intrathoracic Biotransplantation University Hospital Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, I-50134 Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baiguera
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jungebluth
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mavilia
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Coppi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Macchiarini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D057005:Bioengineering; D001681:Biological Assay; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002465:Cell Movement; D002645:Chickens; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014132:Trachea / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2