title: Nutrition, mental health and violence: from pregnancy to postpartum Cohort of women attending primary care units in Southern Brazil--ECCAGE study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Woman's nutritional status, before and during pregnancy, is a strong determinant of health outcomes in the mother and newborn. Gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention increases risk of overweight or obesity in the future and they depend on the pregestational nutritional status and on food consumption and eating behavior during pregnancy. Eating behavior during pregnancy may be the cause or consequence of mood changes during pregnancy, especially depression, which increases likelihood of postpartum depression. In Brazil, a study carried out in the immediate postpartum period found that one in three women experienced some type of violence during pregnancy. Violence and depression are strongly associated and both exposures during pregnancy are associated with increased maternal stress and subsequent harm to the infant. The main objectives of this study are: to identify food intake and eating behaviors patterns; to estimate the prevalence of common mental disorders and the experience of violence during and after pregnancy; and to estimate the association between these exposures and infant's health and development.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cohort study of 780 pregnant women receiving care in 18 primary care units in two cities in Southern Brazil. Pregnant women were first evaluated between the 16th and 36th week of pregnancy at a prenatal visit. Follow-up included immediate postpartum assessment and around the fifth month postpartum. Information was obtained on sociodemographic characteristics, living circumstances, food intake, eating behaviors, mental health and exposure to violence, and on infant's development and anthropometrics measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This project will bring relevant information for a better understanding of the relationship between exposures during pregnancy and how they might affect child development, which can be useful for a better planning of health actions aiming to enhance available resources in primary health care.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, Porto Alegre/RS, Brazil. maanunes@gmail.com
authors.forename: Maria A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Cleusa P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manzolli
authors.forename: Rafael M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Drehmer
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buss
authors.forename: Andressa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacomello
authors.forename: Juliana F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozcariz
authors.forename: Cristiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Melere
authors.forename: Carlo N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Manenti
authors.forename: Suzi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Camey
authors.forename: Bruce B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Maria I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002657:Child Development; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
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