title: PTEN loss accelerates KrasG12D-induced pancreatic cancer development.
abstract: KRAS mutations are found in ∼90% of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). However, mice genetically engineered to express Kras(G12D) from its endogenous locus develop PDACs only after a prolonged latency, indicating that other genetic events or pathway alterations are necessary for PDAC progression. The PTEN-controlled phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling axis is dysregulated in later stages of PDAC. To better elucidate the role of PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling in Kras(G12D)-induced PDAC development, we crossed Pten conditional knockout mice (Pten(lox/lox)) to mice with conditional activation of Kras(G12D). The resulting compound heterozygous mutant mice showed significantly accelerated development of acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM), malignant pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (mPanIN), and PDAC within a year. Moreover, all mice with Kras(G12D) activation and Pten homozygous deletion succumbed to cancer by 3 weeks of age. Our data support a dosage-dependent role for PTEN, and the resulting dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT signaling axis, in both PDAC initiation and progression, and shed additional light on the signaling mechanisms that lead to the development of ADM and subsequent mPanIN and pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles School of Medicine, CHS 23-214, 650 CE Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Reginald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Joseph Hargan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Calvopina
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Donahue
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dry
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000172:deficiency*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins; C117307:KRAS protein, human; C494929:PTEN protein, human; C487757:Pten protein, mouse; C495971:Hras protein, mouse
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