title: Social and non-social cueing of visuospatial attention in autism and typical development.
abstract: Three experiments explored attention to eye gaze, which is incompletely understood in typical development and is hypothesized to be disrupted in autism. Experiment 1 (n = 26 typical adults) involved covert orienting to box, arrow, and gaze cues at two probabilities and cue-target times to test whether reorienting for gaze is endogenous, exogenous, or unique; experiment 2 (total n = 80: male and female children and adults) studied age and sex effects on gaze cueing. Gaze cueing appears endogenous and may strengthen in typical development. Experiment 3 tested exogenous, endogenous, and gaze-based orienting in 25 typical and 27 Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children. ASD children made more saccades, slowing their reaction times; however, exogenous and endogenous orienting, including gaze cueing, appear intact in ASD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry (Child Division), Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8134, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. pruettj@psychiatry.wustl.edu
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pruett
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: LaMacchia
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoertel
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Squire
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McVey
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Constantino
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001288:Attention; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D003463:Cues; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D012438:Saccades; D012737:Sex Factors; D012938:Social Perception; D013028:Space Perception
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