Investigation of trihalomethanes formation potential in Karoon River water, Iran.
Organic matters in raw water have a potential to generate harmful disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes (THMs) during the chlorination process. The objectives of this study were to investigate the trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) in Karoon River water and to determine the effect of several factors including total organic carbon (TOC), pH, chlorine dosage, water temperature, and seasonal variation. The results showed that, among all factors, TOC and water temperature have a remarkable effect on THMFP. The experimental results from batch studies indicated that increasing of pH value yielded a greater THMFP concentration for Karoon River water. THMFP levels of Karoon River water in summer times, when water temperature exceeded 26°C, were 1.2-1.6 times higher than in the spring and fall seasons, when water temperature was below 15°C. It was found that the measured THMFP at Karoon River water in the spring and fall seasons were very rarely higher than 100 μg/L.
Fooladvand
Moradali
M
The Persian Gulf, Tropical and Infectious Diseases, Research Center, Boushehr University of Medical Sciences, Boushehr, Iran.
Ramavandi
Bahman
B
Zandi
Keyvan
K
Ardestani
Mojtaba
M
D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004203:Disinfection; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007492:Iran; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012621:Seasons; D013696:Temperature; D022882:Trihalomethanes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
D022882:Trihalomethanes; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D002713:Chlorine
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