title: First-trimester prediction of macrosomia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if combinations of maternal characteristics and measurements of parameters used in screening for aneuploidies at 11-13 weeks provide significant prediction of macrosomia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal characteristics, fetal nuchal translucency (NT), free β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-hCG) and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) were recorded at 11(+0)-13(+6) weeks in 36,743 singleton pregnancies. Regression analysis was used to determine if in predicting macrosomia significant contributions are provided by maternal factors, fetal NT, free β-hCG and PAPP-A.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk for macrosomia increased with maternal weight and height and was higher in parous women with previous delivery of a macrosomic baby and in those with diabetes mellitus; the risk was lower in women of African and South Asian racial origins, in cigarette smokers and in those with chronic hypertension. In the macrosomic group compared to the unaffected group there were higher Δ-NT (0.167 vs. 0.116 mm), free β-hCG (1.010 vs. 0.964 MoM) and PAPP-A (1.103 vs. 1.003 MoM). Prediction of macrosomia provided by maternal factors was significantly improved by fetal NT, free β-hCG and PAPP-A (34.4 vs. 33.1% at a false-positive rate of 10%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prediction of macrosomia is provided in the first trimester of pregnancy by a combination of maternal characteristics and measurements of parameters used in screening for aneuploidies.
authors.affiliation: Harris Birthright Research Centre for Fetal Medicine, King's College Hospital, University College Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Leona C Y
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Poon
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karagiannis
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stratieva
authors.forename: Argyro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Syngelaki
authors.forename: Kypros H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nicolaides
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005320:Fetal Macrosomia / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D048208:Nuchal Translucency Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A