The impact of intraocular pressure reduction on retinal ganglion cell function measured using pattern electroretinogram in eyes receiving latanoprost 0.005% versus placebo.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of intraocular (IOP) reduction on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function measured using pattern electroretinogram optimized for glaucoma (PERGLA) in glaucoma suspect and glaucomatous eyes receiving latanoprost 0.005% versus placebo.


METHODS
This was a prospective, placebo-controlled, double masked, cross-over clinical trial. One randomly selected eye of each subject meeting eligibility criteria was enrolled. At each visit, subjects underwent five diurnal measurements between 8:00 am and 4:00 pm consisting of Goldmann IOP, and PERGLA measurements. A baseline examination was performed following a 4-week washout period, and repeat examination after randomly receiving latanoprost or placebo for 4-weeks. Subjects were then crossed over to receive the alternative therapy for 4 weeks following a second washout period, and underwent repeat examination. Linear mixed-effect models were used for the analysis.


RESULTS
Sixty-eight eyes (35 glaucoma, 33 glaucoma suspect) of 68 patients (mean age 67.4 ± 10.6 years) were enrolled. The mean IOP (mmHg) after latanoprost 0.005% therapy (14.9 ± 3.8) was significantly lower than baseline (18.8 ± 4.7, p<0.001) or placebo (18.0 ± 4.3), with a mean reduction of -20 ± 13%. Mean PERGLA amplitude (μV) and phase (π-radian) using latanoprost (0.49 ± 0.22 and 1.71 ± 0.22, respectively) were similar (p > 0.05) to baseline (0.49 ± 0.24 and 1.69 ± 0.19) and placebo (0.50 ± 0.24 and 1.72 ± 0.23). No significant (p > 0.05) diurnal variation in PERGLA amplitude was observed at baseline, or using latanoprost or placebo. Treatment with latanoprost, time of day, and IOP were not significantly (p > 0.05) associated with PERGLA amplitude or phase.


CONCLUSIONS
Twenty percent IOP reduction using latanoprost monotherapy is not associated with improvement in RGC function measured with PERGLA.
Sehi
Mitra
M
Department of Ophthalmology, Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Palm Beach Gardens, FL 33418, USA.
Grewal
Dilraj S
DS
Feuer
William J
WJ
Greenfield
David S
DS
D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000502:physiology*
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):216-28
16406535
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2004 Oct;45(10):3662-8
15452074
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2004 Aug;242(8):654-60
15241610
Ophthalmology. 2005 Jan;112(1):10-9
15629814
Lancet. 2004 May 22;363(9422):1711-20
15158634
Am J Ophthalmol. 2000 Nov;130(5):597-605
11078838
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Nov;47(11):4881-7
17065502
J Glaucoma. 2009 Oct-Nov;18(8):608-17
19826390
Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1993;37(3):270-4
8295364
Br J Ophthalmol. 1995 Jan;79(1):12-6
7880782
Ophthalmologica. 1986;192(3):171-5
3725315
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2010 Apr;248(4):485-95
19865823
Doc Ophthalmol. 1989 Oct;73(2):173-81
2638626
Arch Ophthalmol. 1993 Oct;111(10):1351-8
8216015
Ophthalmology. 2007 Apr;114(4):671-9
17398319
Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2001;99:319-43
11797317
Am J Manag Care. 2008 Feb;14(1 Suppl):S15-9
18284311
J Glaucoma. 2009 Jun-Jul;18(5):341-53
19525723
Ophthalmology. 2008 Jun;115(6):957-63
17976726
Ophthalmology. 2010 Dec;117(12):2329-36
20920827
Exp Eye Res. 2010 Mar;90(3):452-60
20036238
J Glaucoma. 2009 Aug;18(6):437-42
19680050
Exp Eye Res. 2005 Sep;81(3):340-9
16129101
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2006 Sep;47(9):3904-11
16936103
Arch Ophthalmol. 1993 May;111(5):662-5
8489450
Doc Ophthalmol. 1990 Sep;75(2):101-9
2276311
Ophthalmology. 1996 Jan;103(1):138-47
8628544
Ophthalmology. 1993 Sep;100(9):1305-11
8371916
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 2008 Aug;246(8):1153-62
18386035
Optom Vis Sci. 2008 Jun;85(6):386-95
18521020
Ophthalmology. 2009 Mar;116(3):437-43
19167080
Eye (Lond). 2004 Oct;18(10):984-9
15037889
Surv Ophthalmol. 1997 Feb;41 Suppl 2:S139-44
9154290
Ophthalmology. 1996 Aug;103(8):1276-82
8764799
Am J Ophthalmol. 1998 May;125(5):585-92
9625541
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Apr;46(4):1296-302
15790894
J Physiol. 2008 Sep 15;586(18):4377-84
18617564
J Med Chem. 1993 Jan 22;36(2):243-8
8423596
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2001 Feb;42(2):514-22
11157891
Ophthalmology. 2009 Jul;116(7):1243-9
19450880
Ophthalmology. 1990 Jan;97(1):36-43
2314840
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2000 Aug;41(9):2797-810
10937600
Doc Ophthalmol. 1987 Mar;65(3):349-55
3678006
Br J Ophthalmol. 1992 Apr;76(4):214-7
1390487
Surv Ophthalmol. 1997 Feb;41 Suppl 2:S47-52
9154276
Ophthalmology. 2005 Jan;112(1):20-7
15629815
Ophthalmology. 2004 Jan;111(1):161-8
14711729
Exp Eye Res. 1988 Feb;46(2):173-84
3350063
Ophthalmology. 1996 Jan;103(1):126-37
8628543
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1989 May;30(5):897-907
2722446
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1999 May;40(6):1124-36
10235545
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Jul;46(7):2411-8
15980229
J Lipid Mediat. 1993 Mar-Apr;6(1-3):535-43
8358014
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1988;226(6):542-7
3209081