title: Histology of the healing tympanic membrane following perforation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to provide a detailed cytological account on the healing tympanic membrane (TM) over 14 days and to complement existing research into TM wound healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study is a prospective cohort study of 19 male Sprague-Dawley (Rattus norvegicus) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat TMs were perforated using a sterile needle and sacrificed at time points during the 14 days following perforation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The healing of the TM resembles cutaneous wound healing except that the TM is unique in the lack of a supportive matrix beneath the regenerating epithelia. This prevents the influx of reparative cells and nutrients and the in growth of the usual fibroblastic reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TM wound healing contrasts with cutaneous wound healing in that keratinocytes are the first cells to close the wound and not the last. A keratin scaffold may not be important in the healing process. The malleus plays a crucial role in the healing of the TM and is the site of significant mitotic activity during the healing process. Migration across layers of the TM appears to account for the closure of the perforation.
authors.affiliation: Ear Sciences Centre, School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia. petersantamaria@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Peter Luke
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Santa Maria
authors.forename: Sharon Leanne
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Redmond
authors.forename: Marcus David
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Atlas
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghassemifar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology*