title: Prevalence of deep venous thrombosis in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is always associated with a high incidence and mortality. Because of the presence of some concomitant risk factors such as immobilization, bronchial superinfection, patients who are admitted for acute exacerbations of COPD are generally considered to be at moderate risk for the development of venous thromboembolism. In this study, we investigated the prevalence and the clinical manifestations of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  From March 2007 to March 2009, 520 consecutive patients were included in this study. On admission, color Doppler ultrasound of lower extremities in all cases was performed for diagnosing DVT. Patients with DVT were compared with those without DVT from such aspects as demographics, symptoms, physical signs and risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 520 patients, DVT was found in 46 cases (9.7%). In patients with DVT, the duration of hospitalization was longer (P = 0.01), and the mechanical ventilation requirement increased (P < 0.001). Other indicators for patients with more possibility of DVT were immobility exceeding 3 days (P < 0.001); pneumonia as concomitance (P = 0.01); respiratory failure type II (P = 0.013); current smoking (P = 0.001). Lower extremity pain was more common in DVT cases in comparison to those without DVT (34.8% vs. 15.2%, P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The acute exacerbation of COPD patients, who were immobilized for over 3 days, complicated by pneumonia and had respiratory failure type II, had a higher risk of DVT. In addition, DVT detection awareness should be increased in cases that had a lower extremity pain.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Sheng-chen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Yuan-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xu-yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xiao-ning
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Rui-jun
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Wan-mu
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Tu-guang
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kuang
authors.forename: Hua-ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology