Social and non-social cueing of visuospatial attention in autism and typical development.
Three experiments explored attention to eye gaze, which is incompletely understood in typical development and is hypothesized to be disrupted in autism. Experiment 1 (n = 26 typical adults) involved covert orienting to box, arrow, and gaze cues at two probabilities and cue-target times to test whether reorienting for gaze is endogenous, exogenous, or unique; experiment 2 (total n = 80: male and female children and adults) studied age and sex effects on gaze cueing. Gaze cueing appears endogenous and may strengthen in typical development. Experiment 3 tested exogenous, endogenous, and gaze-based orienting in 25 typical and 27 Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) children. ASD children made more saccades, slowing their reaction times; however, exogenous and endogenous orienting, including gaze cueing, appear intact in ASD.
Pruett
John R
JR
Department of Psychiatry (Child Division), Washington University School of Medicine, Box 8134, 660 S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. pruettj@psychiatry.wustl.edu
LaMacchia
Angela
A
Hoertel
Sarah
S
Squire
Emma
E
McVey
Kelly
K
Todd
Richard D
RD
Constantino
John N
JN
Petersen
Steven E
SE
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001288:Attention; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D003463:Cues; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D012438:Saccades; D012737:Sex Factors; D012938:Social Perception; D013028:Space Perception
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