title: Inhibitory effects of nitrative stress on the sulfation of 17β-estradiol and 4-methoxyestradiol by human MCF 10A mammary epithelial cells.
abstract: Prolonged exposure to high level of estrogen is a known risk factor for breast carcinogenesis. It has been suggested recently that nitrative stress may be an etiologic factor for breast carcinogenesis. Since sulfation plays a major role in the homeostasis of estrogens and their metabolites, we attempted in the present study to find out whether nitrative stress may affect the homeostasis of estrogens through sulfation. Metabolic labeling experiments revealed that the amount of sulfated 17beta-estradiol or 4-methoxyestradiol decreased dramatically in MCF-10A mammary epithelial cells incubated in the presence of 3-morpholinosydnonimine (SIN-1) or diethylenetriamine NONOate (DETA NONOate), two nitric oxide donors commonly used to simulate nitrative stress conditions. In searching for the mechanism underlying the decrease of the sulfation of 17beta-estradiol and 4-methoxyestradiol, we demonstrated in an in vitro nitration experiment, that the human cytosolic sulfotransferase isoform 1E1 (SULT1E1), a major estrogen-sulfating enzyme, lost its estrogen-sulfating activity proportionately to the degree of nitration on tyrosine residues. Moreover, cell lysates prepared from MCF-10A cells treated with SIN-1 or DETA NONOate also showed much lower 4-methoxyestradiol-sulfating activities, compared with those determined with cell lysate prepared from control MCF-10A cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, The University of Toledo, Toledo, OH 43606, USA.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Ming-Yih
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suiko
authors.forename: Katherine Ann
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: Ming-Cheh
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D042361:Mammary Glands, Human / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C045018:4-methoxyestradiol; D004958:Estradiol; D015238:Sulfotransferases; C020122:estrone sulfotransferase