Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase CPK10 functions in abscisic acid- and Ca2+-mediated stomatal regulation in response to drought stress.
Plant calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) may function as calcium sensors and play important roles in the regulation of plant growth and development and in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome encodes 34 CDPKs, and most of them have not been functionally characterized. Here, we report the functional characterization of CPK10 in Arabidopsis response to drought stress. The cpk10 mutant, a T-DNA insertion mutant for the Arabidopsis CPK10 gene, showed a much more sensitive phenotype to drought stress compared with wild-type plants, while the CPK10 overexpression lines displayed enhanced tolerance to drought stress. Induction of stomatal closure and inhibition of stomatal opening by abscisic acid (ABA) and Ca(2+) were impaired in the cpk10 mutants. Using yeast two-hybrid methods, a heat shock protein, HSP1, was identified as a CPK10-interacting protein. The interaction between CPK10 and HSP1 was further confirmed by pull-down and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. The HSP1 knockout mutant (hsp1) plants showed a similar sensitive phenotype under drought stress as the cpk10 mutant plants and were similarly less sensitive to ABA and Ca(2+) in regulation of stomatal movements. Electrophysiological experiments showed that ABA and Ca(2+) inhibition of the inward K(+) currents in stomatal guard cells were impaired in the cpk10 and hsp1 mutants. All presented data demonstrate that CPK10, possibly by interacting with HSP1, plays important roles in ABA- and Ca(2+)-mediated regulation of stomatal movements.
Zou
Jun-Jie
JJ
State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, National Plant Gene Research Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.
Wei
Feng-Ju
FJ
Wang
Cun
C
Wu
Juan-Juan
JJ
Ratnasekera
Disna
D
Liu
Wen-Xin
WX
Wu
Wei-Hua
WH
D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D055864:Droughts; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009154:Mutation; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000502:physiology*; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018749:RNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
D000040:Abscisic Acid; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D011494:Protein Kinases; D018749:RNA, Plant; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases
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