title: Gene limiting cadmium accumulation in rice.
abstract: Intake of toxic cadmium (Cd) from rice caused Itai-itai disease in the past and it is still a threat for human health. Therefore, control of the accumulation of Cd from soil is an important food-safety issue, but the molecular mechanism for the control is unknown. Herein, we report a gene (OsHMA3) responsible for low Cd accumulation in rice that was isolated from a mapping population derived from a cross between a high and low Cd-accumulating cultivar. The gene encodes a transporter belonging to the P(1B)-type ATPase family, but shares low similarity with other members. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that the transporter from the low-Cd cultivar is functional, but the transporter from the high-Cd cultivar had lost its function, probably because of the single amino acid mutation. The transporter is mainly expressed in the tonoplast of root cells at a similar level in both the low and high Cd-accumulating cultivars. Overexpression of the functional gene from the low Cd-accumulating cultivar selectively decreased accumulation of Cd, but not other micronutrients in the grain. Our results indicated that OsHMA3 from the low Cd-accumulating cultivar limits translocation of Cd from the roots to the above-ground tissues by selectively sequestrating Cd into the root vacuoles.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki 710-0046, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Chao Feng
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Tsuyu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Jian Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005506:Food Contamination; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006801:Humans; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases
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