title: Risk factor differences for aortic versus coronary calcified atherosclerosis: the multiethnic study of atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to compare and contrast coronary artery calcium (CAC) with abdominal aortic calcium (AAC) in terms of their associations with traditional and novel cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We measured both AAC and CAC using computed tomography scans in 1974 men and women aged 45 to 84 years from a multiethnic cohort. Traditional and novel CVD risk factors were examined separately in relation to AAC and CAC, using logistic regression for qualitative categorical comparisons and multiple linear regression for quantitative continuous comparisons. AAC was significantly associated with cigarette smoking and dyslipidemia and showed no gender difference. In contrast, CAC showed much weaker associations with smoking and dyslipidemia and a strong male predominance. Age and hypertension were associated similarly and significantly with AAC and CAC. Novel risk factors generally showed no independent association with either calcium measure, although in subset analyses, phosphorus, but not calcium, was related to CAC. The receiver operating characteristic curves for the qualitative results and the r(2) values for the quantitative analyses were both much higher for AAC than for CAC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AAC showed stronger correlations with most CVD risk factors than did CAC. The predictive value of AAC compared with CAC for incident CVD events remains to be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0607, USA. mcriqui@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Criqui
authors.forename: Aruna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamineni
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.forename: Joachim H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ix
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cushman
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Detrano
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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