title: Distinct basal ganglia hyperechogenicity in idiopathic basal ganglia calcification.
abstract: We report a 67-year-old patient with idiopathic basal ganglia calcification (IBGC). He presented with progressive cognitive impairment, frontal lobe dysfunction, mild leg spasticity, and levodopa (L-dopa)-responsive parkinsonism. Transcranial sonography (TCS) revealed marked hyperechogenicity of the basal ganglia and periventricular spaces bilaterally. The detected signal alterations showed a fairly symmetric distribution and corresponded to the hyperintense calcifications depicted on the computer tomography brain scan. The combination of symmetric hyperechogenic areas adjacent to the lateral ventricles and of the basal ganglia may serve as an imaging marker characteristic of IBGC. Hyperechogenicity due to extended basal ganglia calcification as presented here is distinct from the pattern of hyperechogenicity caused by heavy metal accumulation, which is described to be less striking. In addition to atypical parkinsonian syndromes such as progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy, IBGC is thus another differential diagnosis of parkinsonism with basal ganglia hyperechogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Schilling Section of Clinical and Molecular Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brüggemann
authors.forename: Susanne A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Thurid
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagenah
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial