title: PECAM-1 regulates proangiogenic properties of endothelial cells through modulation of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.
abstract: Platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31) is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell adhesion molecules with important roles in angiogenesis and inflammation. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms, and the role that specific PECAM-1 isoforms play in these processes, remain elusive. We recently showed attenuation of retinal vascular development and neovascularization in PECAM-1-deficient (PECAM-1-/-) mice. To gain further insight into the role of PECAM-1 in these processes, we isolated primary retinal endothelial cells (EC) from wild-type (PECAM-1+/+) and PECAM-1-/- mice. Lack of PECAM-1 had a significant impact on endothelial cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, resulting in attenuation of cell migration and capillary morphogenesis. Mechanistically these changes were associated with a significant decrease in expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability in PECAM-1-/- retinal EC. PECAM-1-/- retinal EC also exhibited a lower rate of apoptosis under basal and challenged conditions, consistent with their increased growth rate. Furthermore, reexpression of PECAM-1 was sufficient to restore migration and capillary morphogenesis of null cells in an isoform-specific manner. Thus PECAM-1 expression modulates proangiogenic properties of EC, and these activities are significantly influenced by alternative splicing of its cytoplasmic domain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-4673, USA.
authors.forename: SunYoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Terri A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: DiMaio
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Scheef
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sorenson
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sheibani
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002196:Capillaries / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002450:Cell Communication; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009024:Morphogenesis; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
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