title: Human mucosal in vivo transcriptome responses to three lactobacilli indicate how probiotics may modulate human cellular pathways.
abstract: Probiotic bacteria, specific representatives of bacterial species that are a common part of the human microbiota, are proposed to deliver health benefits to the consumer by modulation of intestinal function through largely unknown molecular mechanisms. To explore in vivo mucosal responses of healthy adults to probiotics, we obtained transcriptomes in an intervention study after a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design. In the mucosa of the proximal small intestine of healthy volunteers, probiotic strains from the species Lactobacillus acidophilus, L. casei, and L. rhamnosus each induced differential gene-regulatory networks and pathways in the human mucosa. Comprehensive analyses revealed that these transcriptional networks regulate major basal mucosal processes and uncovered remarkable similarity to response profiles obtained for specific bioactive molecules and drugs. This study elucidates how intestinal mucosa of healthy humans perceives different probiotics and provides avenues for rationally designed tests of clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition, 6700 AN Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: van Baarlen
authors.forename: Freddy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Troost
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Meer
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hooiveld
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boekschoten
authors.forename: Robert J M
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Brummer
authors.forename: Michiel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kleerebezem
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus; D009426:Netherlands; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: Pediatrics. 2002 Apr;109(4):678-84
references.pmid: 11927715
references.citation: J Food Prot. 2008 Apr;71(4):796-801
references.pmid: 18468035
references.citation: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Jun;121(6):1448-54
references.pmid: 18436293
references.citation: Nat Biotechnol. 2009 Apr;27(4):344-6
references.pmid: 19352371
references.citation: Nat Med. 2007 Feb;13(2):139-45
references.pmid: 17290272
references.citation: Nat Rev Genet. 2003 Apr;4(4):315-22
references.pmid: 12671662
references.citation: Trends Plant Sci. 2008 Jan;13(1):44-50
references.pmid: 18155635
references.citation: Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Oct 16;4(4):337-49
references.pmid: 18854238
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2004 Jun;4(6):478-85
references.pmid: 15173836
references.citation: Lancet Infect Dis. 2006 Jun;6(6):374-82
references.pmid: 16728323
references.citation: BMJ. 2002 Jun 8;324(7350):1361
references.pmid: 12052801
references.citation: Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2008 Sep;8(5):398-403
references.pmid: 18682104
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Feb;71(2):405-11
references.pmid: 10648252
references.citation: J Pediatr. 2006 Sep;149(3):367-372
references.pmid: 16939749
references.citation: Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2005 Apr;16(2):204-11
references.pmid: 15831388
references.citation: Lancet. 2001 Apr 7;357(9262):1076-9
references.pmid: 11297958
references.citation: Nat Rev Cancer. 2007 Jan;7(1):54-60
references.pmid: 17186018
references.citation: Clin Exp Allergy. 2006 Aug;36(8):1049-62
references.pmid: 16911361
references.citation: Immunol Lett. 2003 Jul 3;88(1):57-62
references.pmid: 12853163
references.citation: J Dairy Res. 2003 May;70(2):165-73
references.pmid: 12800870
references.citation: Nature. 2008 Jul 17;454(7202):350-2
references.pmid: 18469800
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2007 Jun;132(7):2359-70
references.pmid: 17570211
references.citation: Blood. 2003 Jun 15;101(12):4887-93
references.pmid: 12586624
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2007 Feb;132(2):562-75
references.pmid: 17258729
references.citation: FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2007 Aug;50(3):281-3
references.pmid: 17651124
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 17;106(7):2371-6
references.pmid: 19190178
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000 Jan 18;97(2):773-8
references.pmid: 10639155
references.citation: Can J Gastroenterol. 2007 Nov;21(11):732-6
references.pmid: 18026577
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 2002 Dec 27;277(52):50959-65
references.pmid: 12393915
references.citation: Oncogene. 2004 Dec 2;23(56):9062-9
references.pmid: 15489897
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Jun;8(6):458-66
references.pmid: 18500230
references.citation: Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006 Feb;13(2):219-26
references.pmid: 16467329
references.citation: Am J Physiol Cell Physiol. 2006 Apr;290(4):C1018-30
references.pmid: 16306130
references.citation: Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Jun 12;3(6):417-27
references.pmid: 18541218
references.citation: J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008 Jan;121(1):116-121.e11
references.pmid: 18206506
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Jan 15;176(2):1228-37
references.pmid: 16394013
references.citation: Lancet. 2003 May 31;361(9372):1869-71
references.pmid: 12788576
references.citation: Oncogene. 2007 May 3;26(20):2885-93
references.pmid: 17146445
references.citation: Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 2003 Feb;3(1):15-20
references.pmid: 12582309
references.citation: Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Apr 18;(2):CD004827
references.pmid: 17443557
references.citation: Dig Liver Dis. 2005 May;37(5):320-9
references.pmid: 15843081
references.citation: Trends Biochem Sci. 2007 Jul;32(7):311-9
references.pmid: 17561400
references.citation: J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Apr;106(4):569-76
references.pmid: 16567153
references.citation: Immunity. 2008 Dec 19;29(6):958-70
references.pmid: 19084435
references.citation: Nat Rev Immunol. 2007 Jan;7(1):52-63
references.pmid: 17186031
references.citation: Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2008 Feb;7(2):123-9
references.pmid: 18239669
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1997 Oct;113(4):1214-23
references.pmid: 9322516
references.citation: BMJ. 2007 Aug 18;335(7615):340
references.pmid: 17690340
references.citation: Science. 2006 Sep 29;313(5795):1929-35
references.pmid: 17008526
references.citation: J Immunol. 2004 Feb 15;172(4):2048-58
references.pmid: 14764669