title: Effect of a neonatal low-protein diet on the morphology of myotubes in culture and the expression of key proteins that regulate myogenesis in young and adult rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of a neonatal low-protein diet on the morphology of myotubes in culture and the expression of key proteins that regulate myogenesis in young and adult rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats (n = 18) were suckled by mothers fed diets containing 17% protein (controls, C) or 8% protein (undernourished, UN). All rats were fed a normal protein diet after weaning. Muscles were removed from the legs of 42-, 60- and 90-day-old rats. Muscle cells were cultured to assess cell number, morphology and the expression of major proteins involved in myogenesis (Pax7, cadherins, β1 integrin, IL-4Rα and myogenin) by western blotting. IL-4 levels in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Offspring from mothers fed a low-protein diet showed a lower body weight gain. Cell number and myotube expansion were reduced in cultured muscle cells from UN, but the expression of myogenic marker proteins was unaltered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary restriction during lactation had no impact on the synthesis of myogenic marker proteins, and myocyte differentiation occurred normally in the muscles of offspring aged 42, 60 or 90 days. Nevertheless, the number and morphology of the myotubes are altered.
authors.affiliation: Université de Technologie de Compiègne, UMR CNRS 6600, Compiègne, France. julemelo@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Juliana Félix
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: de Melo
authors.forename: Nijez
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aloulou
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Pascale
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vigneron
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bourgoin
authors.forename: Carol Góis
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Leandro
authors.forename: Celia M M B
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: Marie-Danielle
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nagel
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count; D048430:Cell Shape; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018753:Diet, Protein-Restricted / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D024510:Muscle Development; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D015847:Interleukin-4
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