Carnosic acid: a potent chemopreventive agent against oral carcinogenesis.
The present study was aimed to investigate the chemopreventive potential of carnosic acid in 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The chemopreventive potential was assessed by analyzing the tumor incidence, tumor volume and burden as well as by measuring the status of lipid peroxidation, non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants and phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was developed in the buccal pouch of golden Syrian hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. In the present study, 100% tumor formation was observed in hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Also, the status of lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and phase I and phase II detoxification enzymes were significantly altered during DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis. Oral administration of carnosic acid at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight/day to DMBA-treated animals completely prevented the tumor formation in the hamsters' buccal pouches. Also, carnosic acid exerted potent anti-lipid peroxidative function and stimulated the detoxification cascade during DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis. The results of the present study suggest that the chemopreventive potential of carnosic acid is probably due to its anti-lipid peroxidative potential and modulating effect on carcinogen detoxification enzymes during DMBA-induced oral carcinogenesis.
Manoharan
Shanmugam
S
Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Cuddalore, Tamil Nadu, India. sakshiman@rediffmail.com
Vasanthaselvan
Muthamizhselvan
M
Silvan
Simon
S
Baskaran
Nagarethinam
N
Kumar Singh
Arjun
A
Vinoth Kumar
Veerasamy
V
D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity; D045784:Abietanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D050216:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; D050217:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000187:drug effects
D045784:Abietanes; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; C018381:salvin