title: Immunogenic profiling in mice of a HIV/AIDS vaccine candidate (MVA-B) expressing four HIV-1 antigens and potentiation by specific gene deletions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The immune parameters of HIV/AIDS vaccine candidates that might be relevant in protection against HIV-1 infection are still undefined. The highly attenuated poxvirus strain MVA is one of the most promising vectors to be use as HIV-1 vaccine. We have previously described a recombinant MVA expressing HIV-1 Env, Gag, Pol and Nef antigens from clade B (referred as MVA-B), that induced HIV-1-specific immune responses in different animal models and gene signatures in human dendritic cells (DCs) with immunoregulatory function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In an effort to characterize in more detail the immunogenic profile of MVA-B and to improve its immunogenicity we have generated a new vector lacking two genes (A41L and B16R), known to counteract host immune responses by blocking the action of CC-chemokines and of interleukin 1beta, respectively (referred as MVA-B DeltaA41L/DeltaB16R). A DNA prime/MVA boost immunization protocol was used to compare the adaptive and memory HIV-1 specific immune responses induced in mice by the parental MVA-B and by the double deletion mutant MVA-B DeltaA41L/DeltaB16R. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that both vectors triggered HIV-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, with the CD8(+) T-cell compartment responsible for >91.9% of the total HIV-1 responses in both immunization groups. However, MVA-B DeltaA41L/DeltaB16R enhanced the magnitude and polyfunctionality of the HIV-1-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cell immune responses. HIV-1-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses were polyfunctional and preferentially Env-specific in both immunization groups. Significantly, while MVA-B induced preferentially Env-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses, MVA-B DeltaA41L/DeltaB16R induced more GPN-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses, with an enhanced polyfunctional pattern. Both vectors were capable of producing similar levels of antibodies against Env.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings revealed that MVA-B and MVA-B DeltaA41L/DeltaB16R induced in mice robust, polyfunctional and durable T-cell responses to HIV-1 antigens, but the double deletion mutant showed enhanced magnitude and quality of HIV-1 adaptive and memory responses. Our observations are relevant in the immune evaluation of MVA-B and on improvements of MVA vectors as HIV-1 vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Arriaza
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nájera
authors.forename: Carmen E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Carlos Oscar S
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Sorzano
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteban
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015870:Gene Expression; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D011212:Poxviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C514793:gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
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