title: A C-type lectin collaborates with a CD45 phosphatase homolog to facilitate West Nile virus infection of mosquitoes.
abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) is the most common arthropod-borne flavivirus in the United States; however, the vector ligand(s) that participate in infection are not known. We now show that an Aedes aegypti C-type lectin, mosGCTL-1, is induced by WNV, interacts with WNV in a calcium-dependent manner, and facilitates infection in vivo and in vitro. A mosquito homolog of human CD45 in A. aegypti, designated mosPTP-1, recruits mosGCTL-1 to enable viral attachment to cells and to enhance viral entry. In vivo experiments show that mosGCTL-1 and mosPTP-1 function as part of the same pathway and are critical for WNV infection of mosquitoes. A similar phenomenon was also observed in Culex quinquefasciatus, a natural vector of WNV, further demonstrating that these genes participate in WNV infection. During the mosquito blood-feeding process, WNV infection was blocked in vivo with mosGCTL-1 antibodies. A molecular understanding of flaviviral-arthropod interactions may lead to strategies to control viral dissemination in nature.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Gong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Penghua
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Manoj N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Krishnan
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Erol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fikrig
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000821:virology*; D000818:Animals; D003465:Culex / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism*; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D053586:Virus Internalization; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; C516769:PTPRC protein, human
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