title: CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms increase lung cancer risk in a high-incidence region of Spain: a case control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A rural region in south-west Spain has one of the highest lung cancer incidence rates of the country, as revealed by a previous epidemiological 10-year follow-up study. The present work was undertaken to ascertain the role of CYP1A1 gene polymorphisms and their interaction with tobacco smoking in the development of the disease in this location.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-hundred-and-three cases of lung cancer and 265 controls participated in the study. The participants were screened for the presence of four CYP1A1 polymorphisms, namely MspI, Ile462Val, T3205C, and Thr461Asn. Lung cancer risk was estimated as odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) using unconditional logistic regression models adjusting for age, sex, and smoking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of the variant CYP1A1 alleles was different from that described for other Caucasian populations, with CYP1A1*2A showing an uncommonly high frequency (p < 0.01). The CYP1A1*2B allele (carrying MspI and Ile462Val mutations) was strongly associated with high lung cancer risk (OR = 4.59, CI:1.4-12.6, p <0.01). The Ile462Val polymorphism was also shown to increase the risk for the disease (OR = 4.51, CI:1.8-11.9; p <0.01) and particularly for squamous-cell (OR = 5.01; CI: 1.6-14.3, p < 0.01) and small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) (OR = 6.97, CI: 1.2-81.3; p = 0.04). Moreover, the Thr461Asn polymorphism was found to be associated with SCLC in a Caucasian population for the first time to our knowledge (OR = 8.33, CI: 1.3-15.2, p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that CYP1A1 polymorphisms contribute to increase lung cancer susceptibility in an area with an uncommon high incidence rate.
authors.affiliation: Merida Hospital, Research Unit, 06008 Merida, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: San Jose
authors.forename: Agustin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabanillas
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benitez
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Carrillo
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gervasini
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1
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