title: Exposure assessment of dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs in pasteurised bovine milk using probabilistic modelling.
abstract: Quantitative exposure assessment is a useful technique to investigate the risk from contaminants in the food chain. The objective of this study was to develop a probabilistic exposure assessment model for dioxins (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like PCBs (DL-PCBs) in pasteurised bovine milk. Mean dioxins and DL-PCBs (non-ortho and mono-ortho PCBs) concentrations (pg WHO-TEQ g(-1)) in bovine milk were estimated as 0.06 ± 0.07 pg WHO-TEQ g(-1) for dioxins and 0.08 ± 0.07 pg WHO-TEQ g(-1) for DL-PCBs using Monte Carlo simulation. The simulated model estimated mean exposure for dioxins was 0.19 ± 0.29 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1)bw d(-1) and 0.14 ± 0.22 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw d(-1) and for DL-PCBs was 0.25 ± 0.30 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw d(-1) and 0.19 ± 0.22 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw d(-1) for men and women, respectively. This study showed that the mean dioxins and DL-PCBs exposure from consumption of pasteurised bovine milk is below the provisional maximum tolerable monthly intake of 70 pg TEQ kg(-1) bw month(-1) (equivalent of 2.3 pg TEQ kg(-1) bw d(-1)) recommended by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives and Contaminants (JECFA). Results from this study also showed that the estimated dioxins and DL-PCBs concentration in pasteurised bovine milk is comparable to those reported in previous studies.
authors.affiliation: Biosystems Engineering, UCD School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Adefunke O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Adekunte
authors.forename: Brijesh K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Colm P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004147:Dioxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004326:Drinking; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk / Q000378:metabolism*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls