title: Assisted exercise improves bone strength in very low birthweight infants by bone quantitative ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether assisted exercise could prevent the development of osteopenia of prematurity, we performed assisted exercise in the study group of very low birthweight (VLBW) premature infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen premature infants with birthweight below 1500 g were enrolled in this study and randomly assigned into the exercise (n = 8) and control (n = 8) groups. Assisted exercise involved full extension and flexion range of motion of the upper and lower extremities by a trained nurse with a schedule of 5 days a week for a total of 4 weeks. Bone strength was determined by quantitative ultrasound measurement of tibial bone speed of sound every 2 weeks during the study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference in gender, birthweight, and gestation age between the exercise and control groups was noted. There was statistically significant less tibial bone speed of sound decrease in the exercise group on the sixth and eighth week of life. During the study period, there were no statistically significant differences in blood biochemistry data, including calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin, between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed that early assisted exercise could improve bone strength in very low birthweight infants. The biochemical markers of bone metabolism, osteocalcin and osteoprotegerin, could not be the indicators for early diagnosis of osteopenia of prematurity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiu-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chia-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hsing-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: San-Nan
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rei-Cheng
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hsiao-Ching
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Jao
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D013624:Taiwan; D014463:Ultrasonography