title: [Three-month course of rifampicin and isoniazid for the treatment of latent tuberculous infection].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Isoniazid (I) is the drug of choice for treating latent tuberculous infection (LTI). Duration of treatment with I and its liver toxicity represent a serious drawback for a correct enforceability. In several clinical guides, a 3-month course with rifampicin (Rif) and I is recommended as an acceptable alternative to the 6-9 month course with I. Here we present our experience with this new regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2001, the 3-month regimen with Rif and I was offered to patients older than 14 years, who were recruited in the contacts study. A good adherence was considered when the patient manifested so and he/she went to the scheduled monthly controls. We performed baseline liver analyses in those patients at risk of hepatotoxicity and in all patients older than 35 years. In all cases, a liver laboratory control was done at the first month of treatment and whenever patients had symptoms suggestive of intolerance. Databases of tuberculosis controls and contacts were crossed to evaluate the number of individuals who developed tuberculosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 2000 and 2008, treatment for LTI was indicated in 547 contacts (7.8% refused treatment, 34.1% with the 6-month I course, 63.5% with the 3-month Rif and I course and 2.3% with other regimens). A total of 84.97% (147/173) patients with the 6-month I regimen and 92.55% (302/322) with the 3-month Rif and I course fulfilled the treatment (p=0.024). 2.37% (4/169) and 1.6% (5/313) patients with the 6-month I course and 3-month Rif and I course, respectively, withdrew because of hepatotoxicity (p=0.33). There were no patients among those who fulfilled the treatment in any of the 2 study arms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a higher adherence (statistically significant) and lower hepatotoxicity with the 3-month Rif and I regimen. Both regimens showed a full effectivity.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Galdakao, Vizcaya, España. carlos.salinassolano@osakidetza.net
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salinas
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pascual Erquicia
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diez
authors.forename: Urko
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Aguirre
authors.forename: Mikel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Egurrola
authors.forename: Lander
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Altube
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Capelastegui
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D055985:Latent Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin