title: Risk and resilience factors in coping with daily stress in adulthood: the role of age, self-concept incoherence, and personal control.
abstract: This study observed young, middle-aged, and older adults (N = 239; Mage = 49.6 years; range = 18-89 years) for 30 consecutive days to examine the association between daily stress and negative affect, taking into account potential risk (i.e., self-concept incoherence) and resilience (i.e., age, perceived personal control) factors. Results indicated that younger individuals and individuals with a more incoherent self-concept showed higher average negative affect across the study. As well, individuals reported higher negative affect on days that they experienced more stress than usual and on days that they reported less control than usual. These main effects were qualified by significant interactions. In particular, the association between daily stress and negative affect was stronger on days on which adults reported low control compared with days on which they reported high control (i.e., perceptions of control buffered stress). Reactivity to daily stress did not differ for individuals of different ages or for individuals with different levels of self-concept incoherence. Although all individuals reported higher negative affect on days on which they reported less control than usual, this association was more pronounced among younger adults. The current study helps to elucidate the role of risk and resilience factors when adults are faced with daily stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1570, USA. manfred.diehl@colostate.edu
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diehl
authors.forename: Elizabeth L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hay
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010551:Personality; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D012931:Social Environment; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
references.citation: J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2007 Jul;62(4):P216-25
references.pmid: 17673531
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Dec;75(6):1572-85
references.pmid: 9914667
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1996 Dec;71(6):1062-83
references.pmid: 8979379
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2006 Mar;90(3):512-27
references.pmid: 16594835
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Mar;54(3):486-95
references.pmid: 3361420
references.citation: J Pers. 1991 Sep;59(3):507-38
references.pmid: 1960641
references.citation: J Pers. 2007 Dec;75(6):1181-204
references.pmid: 17995462
references.citation: Psychosom Med. 1997 Jul-Aug;59(4):447-57
references.pmid: 9251165
references.citation: J Pers. 1991 Sep;59(3):355-86
references.pmid: 1960637
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 2006 Jun;21(2):231-9
references.pmid: 16768571
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993 Jun;64(6):1053-63
references.pmid: 8326468
references.citation: J Pers. 2005 Dec;73(6):1485-509
references.pmid: 16274443
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2007 Sep;93(3):478-90
references.pmid: 17723061
references.citation: J Consult Psychol. 1961 Oct;25:392-7
references.pmid: 13870048
references.citation: Rev Gen Psychol. 1998 Sep;2(3):300-319
references.pmid: 21850154
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 1997 Sep;12(3):489-502
references.pmid: 9308096
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 2005 Sep;20(3):476-85
references.pmid: 16248706
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988 Jun;54(6):1063-70
references.pmid: 3397865
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 1996 Mar;11(1):127-39
references.pmid: 8726378
references.citation: Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2007 Feb;33(2):143-59
references.pmid: 17259577
references.citation: J Pers. 1999 Apr;67(2):265-94
references.pmid: 10202805
references.citation: Int J Behav Med. 1996;3(1):1-13
references.pmid: 16250763
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 2007 Dec;22(4):765-80
references.pmid: 18179296
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 2007 Dec;22(4):738-51
references.pmid: 18179294
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 2008 Mar;23(1):52-61
references.pmid: 18361654
references.citation: J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1999 Jan;54(1):P55-67
references.pmid: 9934396
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2001 Jan;80(1):136-51
references.pmid: 11195886
references.citation: J Pers. 2004 Apr;72(2):355-78
references.pmid: 15016068
references.citation: Assessment. 2002 Mar;9(1):41-55
references.pmid: 11911234
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 2002;53:133-60
references.pmid: 11752482
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 2001 Dec;16(4):643-54
references.pmid: 11766918
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2000 Oct;79(4):644-55
references.pmid: 11045744
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 2002 Dec;83(6):1378-91
references.pmid: 12500819
references.citation: J Pers. 2007 Dec;75(6):1255-83
references.pmid: 17995465
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Aug;75(2):478-93
references.pmid: 9731320
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1998 Nov;75(5):1333-49
references.pmid: 9866191
references.citation: J Pers Soc Psychol. 1993 May;64(5):834-46
references.pmid: 8505712
references.citation: Psychol Bull. 2005 Nov;131(6):925-971
references.pmid: 16351329
references.citation: Psychol Aging. 1997 Mar;12(1):162-9
references.pmid: 9100277
references.citation: Annu Rev Psychol. 2003;54:579-616
references.pmid: 12499517