title: Impact of exercise intensity and duration on insulin sensitivity in women with T2D.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical guidelines seldom provide in depth information about the most suitable type and intensity of exercise to obtain optimal benefit in different subgroups of T2D individuals. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of group exercise training on exercise capacity, insulin sensitivity and HbA1c in women with diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two women with T2D participated in a supervised group exercise program for six months. The program combined endurance and resistance exercise. The duration and intensity of exercise for each subject was recorded. The volume of exercise was calculated as the product of exercise duration and intensity. Exercise capacity, insulin sensitivity and HbA1c were measured at baseline and after six months of training. The subjects were dichotomized with respect to training volume in a high training volume group and a low training volume group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise capacity did not change significantly during the training period. Insulin sensitivity increased significantly and HbA1c decreased significantly from baseline in the high volume group but not in the low volume group. The increase in insulin sensitivity was explained with the intensity of exercise by 30%. The reduction in HbA1c was explained with exercise by 25%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvement in insulin sensitivity after six months combined supervised group training in female diabetic subjects is related to exercise intensity, whereas the reduction in HbA1c is related mainly to training volume. Metabolic effects of training may be seen in the absence of improved exercise capacity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Division of Physiotherapy, Lund University, Lund, Sweden. asa.segerstrom@med.lu.se
authors.forename: Asa B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Segerström
authors.forename: Forouzan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Glans
authors.forename: Karl-Fredrik
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Holmbäck
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Groop
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Thorsson
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wollmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D057185:Sedentary Behavior
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human