title: Correlation of putative iron content as represented by changes in R2* and phase with age in deep gray matter of healthy adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a correlation between putative iron content using susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) phase and T2* weighted magnitude values in the basal ganglia and the thalamus as a function of age in healthy human brains.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred healthy adults (range, 20-69 years; mean, 43 years) were evaluated for this study using a gradient echo sequence. The original magnitude and high pass filtered phase data were analyzed as proxy variables for iron content in the substantia nigra, red nucleus, globus pallidus, putamen, caudate nucleus, thalamus, and pulvinar thalamus. Each structure was broken into two parts, a high iron content region and a low iron content region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both magnitude and phase data showed an increase in putative iron content with age. However, the high iron content region revealed two new pieces of information: both the average iron content per pixel and the area of high iron increased with age. Furthermore, significant increase in iron uptake as a function of age was found past the age of 40.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A two region of interest analysis of iron is a much more sensitive means to evaluate iron content change over time. Contrary to the current belief that iron content increases level off with age, the putative iron deposition in the high iron content region is seen to increase with age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA. nmrimaging@aol.com
authors.forename: E Mark
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Haacke
authors.forename: Yanwei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Manju
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Charbel A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Habib
authors.forename: Yashwanth
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katkuri
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhihong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhijin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Jiani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005917:Globus Pallidus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011699:Putamen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012012:Red Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007501:Iron
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