Effects of annual mass treatment with ivermectin for onchocerciasis on the prevalence of intestinal helminths.
We evaluated the effect of annual ivermectin (IV) distribution for onchocerciasis on the prevalence of soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections in school-aged (SAC) and preschool-aged (PAC) children by comparing children in villages that had received treatment for 13 years to those from socioeconomically similar villages in untreated areas. We enrolled 1,031 SAC and 211 PAC for Kato Katz examinations. Treated areas had a lower prevalence of Ascaris (SAC: 3% versus 12%, P < 0.0001; PAC: 3% versus 10%, P < 0.051) and Trichuris (SAC: 6% versus 10%, P = 0.012; PAC: 1% versus 8%, P = 0.019), but not hookworm (SAC: 38% versus 42%, P = 0.20; PAC: 21% versus 27%, P = 0.30). The prevalence of Ascaris or Trichuris in treated areas was below the WHO threshold for mass antihelminthic treatment (MDA), but not for hookworm. We conclude that benzimidazole MDA in IV treatment areas is indicated to effectively control hookworm.
Gutman
Julie
J
Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. gutmanjr@gmail.com
Emukah
Emmanuel
E
Okpala
Njideka
N
Okoro
Chinyere
C
Obasi
Andrew
A
Miri
Emmanuel S
ES
Richards
Frank O
FO
D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006376:Helminths / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009855:Onchocerciasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015995:Prevalence
D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D007559:Ivermectin
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 Nov;39(5):480-3
3195695
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Nov-Dec;90(6):630-3
9015498
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008 Sep 10;2(9):e293
18820741
Annu Rev Nutr. 2002;22:35-59
12055337
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Apr;58(4):470-5
9574794
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Jul;51(1):36-9
8059913
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1991 Mar-Apr;85(2):232-4
1909471
Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health. 2006 Sep;37(5):865-74
17333727
JAMA. 2008 Apr 23;299(16):1937-48
18430913
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1989 Mar;40(3):304-9
2929853
J Nutr. 2004 Feb;134(2):348-56
14747671
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Nov-Dec;96(6):600-4
12625131
BMC Infect Dis. 2009 Feb 19;9:20
19228385
Bull World Health Organ. 2004 Aug;82(8):563-71
15375445
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Nov;55(5):477-81
8940976
Parasitol Today. 1997 Nov;13(11):438-43
15275146
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Sep;67(3):266-72
12408665
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2009 Mar;103(3):237-41
18814894
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2009;3(3):e402
19333371
J Helminthol. 2009 Sep;83(3):261-6
19356265
Parasitology. 2000;121 Suppl:S23-38
11386688
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1998 Apr;92 Suppl 1:S79-83
9861272
Curr Opin Infect Dis. 2006 Dec;19(6):588-93
17075336
Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(1):35-42
12640474
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Feb;104(2):129-32
19926104
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2004 May;70(5):556-61
15155991
BMJ. 2001 Dec 15;323(7326):1389-93
11744561
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980 Mar;29(2):217-9
7369441
Ethiop Med J. 1994 Jan;32(1):7-15
8187782
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2008 Mar 26;2(3):e126
18365031
Int J Epidemiol. 2001 Dec;30(6):1457-64
11821364
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 2001 Jun;95(4):389-93
11454248
World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser. 2002;912:i-vi, 1-57, back cover
12592987
Wkly Epidemiol Rec. 2008 Aug 22;83(34):307-12
18720576