title: Cancer-associated fibroblasts enhance the gland-forming capability of prostate cancer stem cells.
abstract: Signals originating from cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) may positively regulate proliferation and tumorigenicity in prostate cancer. In this study, we investigated whether CAFs may regulate the biology of prostate cancer stem cells (CSC) by using a conditional Pten deletion mouse model of prostate adenocarcinoma to isolate both CAF cultures and CSC-enriched cell fractions from the tumors. CSCs that were isolated possessed self-renewal, spheroid-forming, and multipotential differentiation activities in tissue culture, segregating with a cell fraction exhibiting a signature expression phenotype, including SCA-1 (high), CD49f (high), CK5 (high), p63 (high), Survivin (high), RUNX2 (high), CD44 (low), CD133 (low), CK18 (low), and Androgen Receptor (low). CSC spheroid-forming efficiency was differentially influenced by the nature of fibroblasts in a coculture system: Compared with mouse urogenital sinus mesenchyme or normal prostate fibroblasts, CAFs enhanced spheroid formation, with the spheroids displaying generally larger sizes and more complex histology. Graft experiments showed that CSCs admixed with CAFs produced prostatic glandular structures with more numerous lesions, high proliferative index, and tumor-like histopathologies, compared with those formed in the presence of normal prostate fibroblasts. Together, our findings underscore a significant role of CAFs in CSC biology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Genetic, Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Chun-Peng
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Helty
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adisetiyo
authors.forename: Mengmeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Pradip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roy-Burman
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000473:pathology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015870:Gene Expression; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C487757:Pten protein, mouse
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