title: Salvianolic acid B inhibits low-density lipoprotein oxidation and neointimal hyperplasia in endothelium-denuded hypercholesterolaemic rabbits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atherosclerosis and restenosis are inflammatory responses involving free radicals and lipid peroxidation and may be prevented/cured by antioxidant-mediated lipid peroxidation inhibition. Salvianolic acid (Sal B), a water-soluble antioxidant obtained from a Chinese medicinal herb, is believed to have multiple preventive and therapeutic effects against human vascular diseases. In this study the in vitro and in vivo inhibitory effects of Sal B on oxidative stress were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), Sal B reduced oxidative stress, inhibited low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and reduced oxidised LDL-induced cytotoxicity. Sal B inhibited Cu(2+) -induced LDL oxidation in vitro (with a potency 16.3 times that of probucol) and attenuated HAEC-mediated LDL oxidation as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits (with probucol as positive control), Sal B intake reduced Cu(2+) -induced LDL oxidation, lipid deposition in the thoracic aorta, intimal thickness of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta and neointimal formation in the abdominal aorta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data obtained in this study suggest that Sal B protects HAECs from oxidative injury-mediated cell death via inhibition of ROS production. The antioxidant activity of Sal B may help explain its efficacy in the treatment of vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tung-Lin
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Fen-Yen
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yung-Hsiang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jeng-Jiann
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Ming-Shi
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shiao
authors.forename: Chien-Sung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Shing-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yuh-Lien
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003300:Copper; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000517:prevention & control; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D011817:Rabbits; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D053630:Depsides
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001572:Benzofurans; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D003300:Copper; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C076944:salvianolic acid B; D053630:Depsides