title: Mesenteric vascular thromboembolism in inflammatory bowel disease: a single center experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vascular thrombotic complications in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are well recognized, although mesenteric vascular thrombotic disease is rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe nine patients in a tertiary care center with IBD that developed thrombosis of the mesenteric arterial or venous vasculature (e.g., mesenteric thrombosis, MT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight subjects developed mesenteric venous thrombosis (five located in the superior mesenteric vein and three located in a branch of the portal vein) and one had a mesenteric arterial embolus, located in the splenic artery. Five subjects had Crohn's disease (CD), and four had ulcerative colitis. The one subject diagnosed with an arterial thrombosis had CD. Mean time from diagnosis of IBD to diagnosis of thrombosis was 24.6 ± 13.5 years. Five of the nine subjects developed mesenteric venous thrombosis while their IBD was clinically in remission. Seven of nine subjects were symptomatic from the development of MT, including bowel infarction that led to development of short bowel syndrome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mesenteric thrombosis is a rare complication of IBD and may develop during clinical remission, suggesting a potential role for factors other than clinically significant inflammation in its pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Loma Linda VA Healthcare System, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Christian S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fryer
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Danese
authors.forename: Aryvdas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanagunas
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Polensky
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Buchman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein
references.citation: Thromb Haemost. 2001 Mar;85(3):430-4
references.pmid: 11307809
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Apr;20(4):283-9
references.pmid: 18334871
references.citation: Gut. 2003 Oct;52(10):1435-41
references.pmid: 12970136
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jan;99(1):97-101
references.pmid: 14687149
references.citation: J Clin Gastroenterol. 2005 Jan;39(1):27-31
references.pmid: 15599206
references.citation: Gut. 1993 Feb;34(2):247-51
references.pmid: 8432482
references.citation: J Immunol. 1999 Oct 1;163(7):4049-57
references.pmid: 10491009
references.citation: Can J Surg. 1992 Dec;35(6):613-23
references.pmid: 1458387
references.citation: Cardiovasc Surg. 1995 Jun;3(3):247-60
references.pmid: 7655837
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2009 Jun;104(6):1445-51
references.pmid: 19491858
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 1999 Nov;94(11):3279-84
references.pmid: 10566730
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Oct;95(10):2825-30
references.pmid: 11051355
references.citation: Mayo Clin Proc. 1986 Feb;61(2):140-5
references.pmid: 3080643
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1997 Dec;9(12):1213-7
references.pmid: 9471028
references.citation: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Jul;3(7):617-28
references.pmid: 16206491
references.citation: Am J Gastroenterol. 2007 Jan;102(1):174-86
references.pmid: 17100967
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2003 May;124(5):1249-64
references.pmid: 12730866
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2004 Jan;126(1):63-80
references.pmid: 14699489
references.citation: Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 Dec;17(12):1429-32
references.pmid: 16292102
references.citation: J Immunol. 2006 Feb 15;176(4):2617-24
references.pmid: 16456024
references.citation: Gut. 2004 Apr;53(4):542-8
references.pmid: 15016749
references.citation: Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2008 Jan;6(1):41-5
references.pmid: 18063423
references.citation: Dis Colon Rectum. 2003 May;46(5):643-8
references.pmid: 12792441