title: The role of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphisms in bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a multifactorial disease of preterm infants that is characterized by airway injury, inflammation, and parencymal remodeling. Activation of the coagulation cascade leads to intraalveolar fibrin deposition in many inflammatory pulmonary disorders. Increased fibrin formation or decreased fibrinolysis may cause extravascular fibrin deposition. Extravascular fibrin deposits in septae and alveoli due to the altered fibrin turnover are the pathological hallmarks of BPD, which strongly indicate the importance of the imbalance in the competing activities of coagulation and fibrinolysis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the predictive value of variations in plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) genes as molecular determinants for BPD in neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 98 preterm infants with BPD and a control group including 94 preterm infants without BPD. Restriction fragment size analyses were performed by visualizing digested polymerase chain reaction products for ACE and PAI-1 genotypes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant associations were found between ACE, PAI-1 gene polymorphisms, and BPD phenotype in our population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two gene polymorphisms (PAI-1 and ACE) had no role in the development of BPD in our study. Further studies with other genes are required for the identification of molecular predisposing factors for BPD that may help in the development of new treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Baskent University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. denizanuk@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Deniz Anuk
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ince
authors.forename: Fatma Belgin
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Atac
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkiraz
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dilmen
authors.forename: Hande
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gulcan
authors.forename: Aylin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarcan
authors.forename: Namik
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozbek
mesh_terms: D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008168:Lung / Q000196:embryology; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C051321:SERPINE1 protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
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