[Adherence to a medical nutrition therapy program in pregnant women with diabetes, measured by three methods, and its association with glycemic control].
BACKGROUND
The measurement of adherence to nutrition therapy is essential to evaluate if the outcomes are related to given recommendations.


METHODS
The aim of this study was to describe adherence to a Medical Nutrition Therapy Program in Mexican pregnant women with diabetes, using three different methods; and evaluate its association with glycemic control. Adherence was measured with a questionnaire (0-100%), women's self-perception (0-100%) and energy intake adequacy by multiple pass 24 hour recall (85-115% of recommendation). Women were randomly assigned to two different dietary strategies. Glycemic control was determined by capillary glucose self-monitoring.


RESULTS
Women analyzed in this study (n=69) had an age range of 22-42 years; 47.8% had type 2 diabetes (DM2) and 52.2% had gestational diabetes (GDM). Energy intake adequacy was higher in women with GDM (41.9% vs. 37.7%, p = 0.001). Average adherence measured with the questionnaire was 55%; no differences were found by type of diabetes. Self-perception was higher in women with DM2 (84%) when compared to women with GDM (70%) (p = 0.039). No differences were found in the three methods by study group. Optimal glycemic control was observed in 50% of women; no association was found with adherence measured with any of the three methods studied.


CONCLUSIONS
The observed differences in adherences suggest that it may be recommendable to combine different measurement methods and include social and psychological factors that affect behavioral change.
Balas-Nakash
Margie
M
Instituto Nacional de Perinatología Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, Lomas de Virreyes, DF México.
Rodríguez-Cano
Ameyalli
A
Muñoz-Manrique
Cinthya
C
Vásquez-Peña
Paulina
P
Perichart-Perera
Otilia
O
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood* / Q000178:diet therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D044623:Nutrition Therapy; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
D001786:Blood Glucose