title: Tumor necrosis factor alpha gene polymorphism is associated with the outcome of trauma patients in Chinese Han population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays a major role in the sepsis and multiple organ dysfunction secondary to major trauma. The purpose of this article was to research the clinical relevance of the TNF gene polymorphism in patients with major trauma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred six patients with major trauma were prospectively recruited. The TNF gene polymorphisms were genotyped using restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Plasma TNF-α levels were determined with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Sepsis morbidity rate and multiple organ dysfunction scores were accessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TNF-α/-308 polymorphism was shown to be well associated with increased capacity of peripheral leukocytes to produce TNF-α in response to ex vivo lipopolysaccharide stimulation in trauma patients at admission. Results from association study indicated that trauma patients carrying the TNF-α/-308/A allele were more likely complicated with sepsis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TNF-α/-308 polymorphism might be used as a biomarker for the assessment of outcome of trauma patients, but the TNF-β/252 gene polymorphism might not influence the development of complications in patients with major trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department 6 of Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
authors.forename: Zhao-Xia
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Lian-Yang
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dong-Po
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ding-Yuan
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zen
authors.forename: Ke-Hong
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian-Xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004247:DNA