title: Incidence and spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis-associated infection among Aba Federal prison inmates in Nigeria.
abstract: The study was undertaken to determine transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within the prison environment. In total, 168 Aba Federal prison inmates in Nigeria were evaluated for tuberculosis (TB) by sputum-smear microscopy and sputum culture, simultaneously, and for HIV status by serology. They were subsequently followed up for one year for fresh Mycobacterium-associated infection by tuberculin skin testing or for development of TB and for HIV infection or AIDS. Ninety-one (54.2%) of the 168 prison inmates had infection due to Mycobacterium, and three (3.3%) of them were sputum-smear- and culture-positive while 41 (24.4%), including one (2.4%) with concomitant TB, were HIV-infected. In a one-year follow-up study, 11 (19.3%) of 57 tuberculin skin test (TST)- and HIV-negative inmates became TST-positive and one (1.8%) HIV-positive, eight (13.8%) of the 58 TST-positive but HIV-negative inmates developed TB, and one (1.7%) became HIV-infected: six (24.0%) of 25 TST- and HIV-positive inmates developed TB while five (33.3%) of 15 TST-negative but HIV-positive inmates became TST-positive, and one (6.7%) progressed to AIDS. The duration of imprisonment did not influence the rates of infection, and the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis did not necessarily require sharing a cell with a TB case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Abia State University, Aba, Abia state, Nigeria.
authors.forename: Lawrence N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Chigbu
authors.forename: Christian U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Iroegbu
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission; D000328:Adult; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D011329:Prisoners; D011330:Prisons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D055815:Young Adult
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