title: A model for calcium permeation into small intestine.
abstract: An in vitro model was used to simulate the intestinal permeation of calcium ions depending on the type of salt (carbonate, fumarate, citrate, or gluconate), its concentration (1.0, 2.5, 5.0, or 10 mM/l), and pH (1.3, 4.2, 6.2, or 7.5). To simulate the conditions for calcium permeation in a patient in a fasting state, the solutions were placed in contact with segments of small intestine of pig: stomach, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The percent permeation, its rate, and half-time were measured in each case. In all cases, the maximum permeation was seen at 1 mM concentration, depending on pH: 100% for carbonate at pH 1.3; 82% for fumarate, pH 6.2; 79.5% for citrate at pH 4.2, and 81% for gluconate at pH 7.4. The maximum rate of permeation (% h(-1)) was also observed at 1 mM: 2.16 for carbonate at pH 1.3, 0.29 for fumarate at pH 6.2, 0.26 for citrate at pH 4.2, and 0.28 for gluconate at pH 7.4. The shortest half-time permeation (t (1/2), h) for 1 mM solutions depended also on pH (in parentheses): carbonate 0.3 (1.3), fumarate 2.4 (6.2), citrate 2.6 (4.2), and gluconate 2.5 (7.4). The results suggest that calcium carbonate and citrate can be recommended to patients with normal gastric acidity and hyperacidity while fumarate and gluconate to patients with hypoacidity.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research and Production Plant, Biochefa, Kasztanowa 3, 41-205 Sosnowiec, Poland. b.dolinska@biochefa.pl
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dolinska
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikulska
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caban
authors.forename: Aneta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ostrozka-Cieslik
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ryszka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000378:metabolism; D019355:Calcium Citrate / Q000378:metabolism; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D019355:Calcium Citrate; D002125:Calcium Gluconate; D002118:Calcium
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