title: The use of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in the reconstruction of complex head and neck defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare and contrast the use of the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in complex head and neck defects requiring major reconstructive surgery with respect to the other reconstruction techniques, and to emphasize the importance of this flap as an life and surgeon-saving reconstruction modality.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 20 cases (17 males, 3 females; mean age 58.5 years; range 48 to 72 years) of major head and neck operations reconstructed with a latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap in Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical Faculty, Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic between October 2004 and November 2006 were retrospectively examined. The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap was preferred as a primary reconstructive modality in eight of the cases and a secondary reconstructive modality in the remaining 12 cases. The reasons for choosing the latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap as the reconstructive modality were examined in this study and compared with other reconstruction techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Partial flap necrosis was observed in four of the 20 cases. In two of these unsuccessful cases, minor intervention was sufficient to achieve functionally satisfactory results. However, one case with partial flap necrosis was lost due to the uncontrollable primary disease. In the one remaining case who had undergone cranioplasty, partial necrosis of the flap developed after the completion of radiotherapy in the 4th postoperative month. No total flap necrosis was encountered in any of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap is a reconstructive modality with a high success rate and should be considered among reconstruction alternatives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Medicine Faculty of Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. ismetaslan@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Yusufhan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Süoğlu
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Başaran
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hafız
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000601:surgery; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007825:Laryngectomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery; D009333:Neck / Q000601:surgery; D009336:Necrosis; D010611:Pharyngectomy; D010614:Pharynx / Q000473:pathology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014059:Tongue / Q000473:pathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome