title: Expression of thrombin and its associated protein in cerebellum of human and rat after intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) can cause brain damage through a number of pathways. The purpose of the study was to explore the effect of thrombin, protease nexin-1 (PN-1) and protease activated receptor-1 (PAR-1) in rat and human cerebellum after ICH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A model of ICH was produced in adult Sprague-Dawley rats by direct injection of autologous blood (50 microl) into caudate nucleus. Patients with injured hemorrhage were also enrolled in this study. Different expressions of thrombin, PAR-1, PN-1 were detected in rat and human cerebellum by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In rat cerebellum, thrombin protein significantly increased at 6 hours and reached the maximum 2 days after ICH. The expression of PAR-1 protein reached the maximum at 24 - 48 hours, and then began to decrease. The expression of PN-1 protein reached the maximum at 3 hours, decreased somewhat after that and increased a little at 5 days after ICH. While in human cerebellum, the changing tendency of thrombin, PAR-1 and PN-1 was almost conform to the rat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In cerebellum, thrombin can activate PAR-1 expression after ICH, and PN-1 appears quickly after ICH in order to control the deleterious effect of thrombin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, First Clinical Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ji-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yue-jia
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Guang-mei
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044463:Receptor, PAR-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D058258:Serpin E2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044463:Receptor, PAR-1; D058258:Serpin E2; C541127:Serpine2 protein, rat; D013917:Thrombin