title: New protective battle-dress impregnated against mosquito vector bites.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mixing repellent and organophosphate (OP) insecticides to better control pyrethroid resistant mosquito vectors is a promising strategy developed for bed net impregnation. Here, we investigated the opportunity to adapt this strategy to personal protection in the form of impregnated clothes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared standard permethrin impregnated uniforms with uniforms manually impregnated with the repellent KBR3023 alone and in combination with an organophosphate, Pirimiphos-Methyl (PM). Tests were carried out with Aedes aegypti, the dengue fever vector, at dusk in experimental huts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed that the personal protection provided by repellent KBR3023-impregnated uniforms is equal to permethrin treated uniforms and that KBR3023/PM-impregnated uniforms are more protective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of repellents alone or combined with OP on clothes could be promising for personal protection of military troops and travellers if residual activity of the repellents is extended and safety is verified.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), UR016 CCPV/UMR MIVEGEC, and Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin. cedric.pennetier@ird.fr.
authors.forename: Cédric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pennetier
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chabi
authors.forename: Thibaud
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chandre
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rogier
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hougard
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pages
references.citation: Biometrics. 1986 Mar;42(1):121-30
references.pmid: 3719049
references.citation: Med Vet Entomol. 2000 Mar;14(1):81-8
references.pmid: 10759316
references.citation: PLoS One. 2009 Nov 19;4(11):e7896
references.pmid: 19936249
references.citation: Ciba Found Symp. 1996;200:89-100; discussion 101-8
references.pmid: 8894292
references.citation: Medicine (Baltimore). 2007 May;86(3):123-137
references.pmid: 17505252
references.citation: J Med Entomol. 1986 Jul 28;23(4):396-9
references.pmid: 3735345
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1983 Jan;32(1):185-8
references.pmid: 6824123
references.citation: Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(5):324-33
references.pmid: 12856050
references.citation: Malar J. 2009 Oct 20;8:233
references.pmid: 19843332
references.citation: J Econ Entomol. 2009 Dec;102(6):2061-71
references.pmid: 20069832
references.citation: East Afr Med J. 1975 May;52(5):277-83
references.pmid: 1157732
references.citation: Int J Med Microbiol. 2006 May;296 Suppl 40:225-9
references.pmid: 16524779
references.citation: Mil Med. 2006 Feb;171(2):122-7
references.pmid: 16578980
references.citation: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1989 Mar;5(1):52-5
references.pmid: 2565368
references.citation: Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2008 Mar;102(3):259-62
references.pmid: 18082862
references.citation: J Toxicol Environ Health. 1992 Feb;35(2):91-105
references.pmid: 1542137
references.citation: J Med Entomol. 1990 Sep;27(5):829-34
references.pmid: 2231620
references.citation: Lancet. 2007 Dec 1;370(9602):1840-6
references.pmid: 18061059
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1984 Jul;33(4):725-30
references.pmid: 6148024
references.citation: Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2005 Jun;72(6):739-44
references.pmid: 15964959
references.citation: J Econ Entomol. 1983 Jun;76(3):529-31
references.pmid: 6875081
references.citation: J Am Mosq Control Assoc. 1987 Dec;3(4):556-60
references.pmid: 2904965
references.citation: J Med Entomol. 2004 Sep;41(5):914-21
references.pmid: 15535621
references.citation: Malar J. 2007 Mar 29;6:38
references.pmid: 17394646
references.citation: Clin Microbiol Infect. 2010 Mar;16(3):209-24
references.pmid: 20222896
references.citation: J Econ Entomol. 2009 Dec;102(6):2056-60
references.pmid: 20069831
references.citation: J Econ Entomol. 1968 Dec;61(6):1765
references.pmid: 5723774
references.citation: Med Trop (Mars). 2001;61(1):87-90
references.pmid: 11584664
references.citation: Mil Med. 2006 Jun;171(6):472-7
references.pmid: 16808123
references.citation: Euro Surveill. 2009 Jun 25;14(25):
references.pmid: 19555595
references.citation: Emerg Infect Dis. 2008 Nov;14(11):1707-14
references.pmid: 18976553
references.citation: Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2008 Mar;211(1-2):88-104
references.pmid: 18222725
references.citation: Med Vet Entomol. 2001 Mar;15(1):97-104
references.pmid: 11297108
references.citation: Emerg Infect Dis. 2007 Feb;13(2):199-206
references.pmid: 17479880
references.citation: Travel Med Infect Dis. 2009 Jul;7(4):212-4
references.pmid: 19717102