title: Minimal ovarian stimulation (mini-IVF) for IVF utilizing vitrification and cryopreserved embryo transfer.
abstract: Gentle ovarian stimulation protocols, such as 'mini-IVF', have several potential advantages over conventional IVF protocols, including less medication and fewer injections, producing fewer eggs, but eggs of higher quality. The particular 'mild' stimulation protocol called 'mini-IVF' is described. This protocol requires a reliable and cheap method for embryo cryopreservation such as vitrification, because of the negative impact of clomiphene citrate on the endometrium and since cryopreserved embryo transfers with this protocol have yielded much higher pregnancy rates than fresh transfers. In this series, patients were not denied treatment based on their day-3 FSH value or ovarian reserve. Yet very acceptable pregnancy rates were achieved (20% for fresh embryo transfers and 41% for cryopreserved embryo transfers). These results strengthen the argument for a mini-IVF protocol and vitrification as an alternative to standard conventional IVF stimulation protocols. Now a randomized control trial with cryopreserved single-embryo transfer is required.
authors.affiliation: New Hope Fertility Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. soneyoshie@hotmail.com
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lyndon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: Sherman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D058989:Vitrification
chemical_list: D002996:Clomiphene