title: Identification of an effective siRNA target site and functional regulatory elements, within the hepatitis B virus posttranscriptional regulatory element.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is major public health concern. The limitations of available antiviral drugs require development of novel approaches to inhibit HBV replication. This study was conducted to identify functional elements and new siRNA target sites within the highly conserved regions of the 533 base post-transcriptional regulatory element (PRE) of HBV RNAs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Computational analysis of the PRE sequence revealed several conserved regulatory elements that are predicted to form local secondary structures some of these within known regulatory regions. A deletion analysis showed that sub-elements of the PRE have different effects on the reporter activity suggesting that the PRE contains multiple regulatory elements. Conserved siRNA targets at nucleotide position 1317-1337 and 1329-1349 were predicted. Although the siRNA at the position 1329-1349 had no effect on the expression of reporter gene, the siRNA target site at the position 1317-1337 was observed to significantly decrease expression of the reporter protein. This siRNA also specifically reduced the level of cccDNA in transiently HBV infected cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The HBV PRE is likely to contain multiple regulatory elements. A conserved target within this region at 1317-1337 is an effective siRNA target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Nattanan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Panjaworayan
authors.forename: Sunchai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Payungporn
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Poovorawan
authors.forename: Chris M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012367:RNA, Viral; D038621:Regulatory Sequences, Ribonucleic Acid
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