title: Influence of Pluronic® F68 on ceftazidime biological activity in parenteral solutions.
abstract: β-Lactam antimicrobials are known to have a low concentration/therapeutic response. However, extending the period in which β-lactam are free in the plasma does directly influence therapeutic outcomes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Pluronic® F68 on the antimicrobial activity of ceftazidime when admixed with aminophylline in parenteral solutions by the evaluation of its minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) within 24 h. Ceftazidime, aminophylline, and Pluronics® F68 were evaluated using the MIC method against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, with these compounds individually and associated in the same parenteral solutions. When Pluronics® F68 was admixtured with ceftazidime alone or with ceftazidime and aminophylline, it was possible to observe lower MIC values not only at 24 h but also at 0 h for both microorganisms. This indicates that Pluronics® F68 may be able to enhance ceftazidime antimicrobial activity in the presence or absence of aminophylline. This fact suggests that Pluronics® F68 can be applied to allow the administration of ceftazidime under continuous infusion in parenteral solutions, beneficiating hospital pharmacotherapy. It may also be possible to reduce ceftazidime doses in formulations achieving the same therapeutic results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. carolinasantos@usp.br
authors.forename: Carolina Alves
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dos Santos
authors.forename: Gabriel Borghesan
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Marcos Camargo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Knirsch
authors.forename: Adalberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pessoa Junior
authors.forename: Thereza Christina Vessoni
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Penna
mesh_terms: D000628:Aminophylline / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D005079:Excipients / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D020442:Poloxamer / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D005079:Excipients; D020442:Poloxamer; D000628:Aminophylline; D002442:Ceftazidime