title: Comparison of curing depth of a colored polyacid-modified composite resin with different light-curing units.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the depth of cure (DoC) of a colored polyacid-modified composite resin (PAM-C) with a traditional PAM-C and a fine hybrid composite resin using different light-curing units and different radiant energies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The DoC of the PAM-C Twinky Star (Voco, all shades), the PAM-C Glasiosite (Voco), and the composite resin Z100 (3M ESPE) shades A2 and A4 was determined using a penetrometer test method. The materials were cured in bulk using a halogen-based unit (Elipar Trilight, E = 18 J/cm2 and E = 32 J/cm2; 3M ESPE) and an LED curing unit (Elipar Freelight 2, E = 20 J/cm2; 3M ESPE) in split stainless steel molds. Immediately after curing, the height (mm) of the cured material was measured and taken as the DoC. Ranking of means was performed by Student-Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test, and statistically significant differences among mean values were detected with ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean DoC for all materials and shades varied as follows: 4.705 to 8.870 mm (E = 32 J/cm2); 3.672 to 8.050 mm (E = 20 J/cm2); and 4.090 to 7.357 mm (E = 18 J/cm2). Two-way ANOVA revealed that the DoC depended significantly (P < .001) on the shade of the material and the curing device. Moreover, there was a significant interaction (P < .001) between the latter, indicating that the effect of the energy densities differed quantitatively among the shades.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, DoC differed significantly among the materials and the shades. Twinky Star shade blue showed the highest DoC compared to Glasiosite and Z100 shades A2 and A4. The curing device with the highest energy density exhibited the highest curing depths.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Special Care, PaeCaMed, School of Dentistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. Jeroen.Vandenbulcke@ugent.be
authors.forename: Jeroen D E
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Vandenbulcke
authors.forename: Luc A M
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Luc C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Ronald M H
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Verbeeck
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D003116:Color; D020770:Compomers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D055117:Curing Lights, Dental / Q000145:classification*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D055668:Photochemical Processes; D058105:Polymerization; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D013499:Surface Properties; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D020770:Compomers; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; C515803:Glasiosite; D008689:Methacrylates; C083568:Z100 composite resin; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium