title: Psychological trauma and substance abuse: the need for an integrated approach.
abstract: There is consensus that an integrated approach which addresses the clinical needs of individuals who have histories of substance abuse and psychological trauma concurrently is an acceptable and preferred approach to treatment. Several integrated models have emerged in recent years. In this paper we first define the concepts of substance abuse and psychological trauma, investigate the relationship between both and proceed to discuss why an integrated approach is most compelling. Finally, we review and critically examine the different integrated models that have been developed in terms of efficacy, effectiveness and empirical evidence. The paper concludes with suggestions on how the field can be improved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007, USA. pd227@georgetown.edu
authors.forename: Priscilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dass-Brailsford
authors.forename: Amie C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Myrick
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D003156:Community Mental Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015897:Comorbidity; D019033:Delivery of Health Care, Integrated / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017831:Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); D006801:Humans; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000628:therapy*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000458:organization & administration; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*