title: Amelioration of oxidative stress by dandelion extract through CYP2E1 suppression against acute liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: The protective effects of common dandelion leaf water extract (DLWE) were investigated by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced hepatitis in Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were divided into five groups: normal control, DLWE control, CCl4 control, and two DLWE groups (0.5 and 2 g/kg bw). After 1 week of administering corresponding vehicle or DLWE, a single dose of CCl4 (50% CCl4/olive oil; 0.5 mL/kg bw) was administered 24 h before killing in order to produce acute liver injury. The DLWE treatment significantly decreased CCl4-induced hepatic enzyme activities (AST, ALT and LDH) in a dose dependent manner. Also, the obstructed release of TG and cholesterol into the serum was repaired by DLWE administration. Hepatic lipid peroxidation was elevated while the GSH content and antioxidative enzyme activities were reduced in the liver as a result of CCl4 administration, which were counteracted by DLWE administration. Furthermore, the hepatocytotoxic effects of CCl4 were confirmed by significantly elevated Fas and TNF-α mRNA expression levels, but DLWE down-regulated these expressions to the levels of the normal control. Highly up-regulated cytochrome P450 2E1 was also lowered significantly in the DLWE groups. These results indicate that DLWE has a protective effect against CCl4-induced hepatic damage with at least part of its effect being attributable to the attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammatory processes resulting from cytochrome P450 activation by CCl4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Smart Foods and Drugs, Food Sciences Institute, Biohealth Products Research Center, Inje University, Gimhae, Gyeongnam, 621-749, Korea.
authors.forename: Chung Mu
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yeon Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Hyun Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.forename: Chung Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Young Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D065691:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D031205:Taraxacum; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D065691:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 Inhibitors; D004798:Enzymes; C491901:FAS protein, human; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D002784:Cholesterol; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride