title: Time of sampling is crucial for measurement of cell-free plasma DNA following acute aseptic inflammation induced by exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the time-course changes of cell-free plasma DNA (cfDNA) following heavy exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  cfDNA concentration, C-reactive protein levels (hs-CRP), uric acid concentration (UA), creatine kinase activity (CK) were measured before and post-exercise (immediately post, 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 8h, 10h, 24h).
  
  
  RESULTS
  cfDNA increased (15-fold) 30-min post-exercise and normalized thereafter. hs-CRP increased (56%, p<0.001) 1h post-exercise, remained elevated throughout recovery (52-142%, p<0.0001), and peaked (200% rise, p<0.0001) at 24h post-exercise. UA and CK increased (p<0.05), immediately post-exercise, remained elevated throughout recovery (p<0.0001), and peaked (p<0.0001) at 24h of post-exercise recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  cfDNA sampling timing is crucial and a potential source of error following aseptic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini 69100, Greece. ifatouro@phyed.duth.gr
authors.forename: Ioannis G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Fatouros
authors.forename: Athanasios Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Jamurtas
authors.forename: Michalis G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.forename: Aspasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Destouni
authors.forename: Yiannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Michailidis
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vrettou
authors.forename: Ioannis I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Douroudos
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avloniti
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chatzinikolaou
authors.forename: Kiriakos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taxildaris
authors.forename: Emmanouel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kanavakis
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Papassotiriou
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kouretas
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001207:Asepsis; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D004247:DNA; D003402:Creatine Kinase