title: Osteoinductive silk-silica composite biomaterials for bone regeneration.
abstract: Osteoinductive and biodegradable composite biomaterials for bone regeneration were prepared by combining silk fibroin with silica particles. The influence of these composite systems on osteogenesis was evaluated with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) subjected to osteogenic differentiation. hMSCs adhered, proliferated, and differentiated towards osteogenic lineages on silk/silica films. The addition of the silica to the silk films influenced gene expression leading to upregulation of bone sialoprotein (BSP) and collagen type 1 (Col 1) osteogenic markers. Evidence for early bone formation in the form of collagen fibers and apatite nodules was obtained on the silk/silica films. Collagen fibers were closely associated with apatite deposits and overall collagen content was higher for the silica containing samples. Also, smaller sized silica particles (24 nm-2 μm) with large surface area facilitated silica biodegradation in vitro through particle dissolution, leading to ∼5-fold decrease in silica content over 10 weeks. These results indicate the suitability of silk/silica composite system towards bone regeneration, where degradation/remodeling rates of the organic and inorganic components can be controlled.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, 4 Colby Street, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
authors.forename: Aneta J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mieszawska
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fourligas
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Georgakoudi
authors.forename: Nadia M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Ouhib
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Belton
authors.forename: Carole C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047011:Silk / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D047011:Silk; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D003094:Collagen
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