Evaluation of compressive strength index of the femoral neck in Caucasians and chinese.
Compressive strength index (CSI) of the femoral neck is a parameter that integrates the information of bone mineral density (BMD), femoral neck width (FNW), and body weight. CSI is considered to have the potential to improve the performance of assessment for hip fracture risk. However, studies on CSI have been rare. In particular, few studies have evaluated the performance of CSI, in comparison with BMD, FNW, and bending geometry, for assessment of hip fracture risk. We studied two large populations, including 1683 unrelated U.S. Caucasians and 2758 unrelated Chinese adults. For all the study subjects, CSI, femoral neck BMD (FN_BMD), FNW, and bending geometry (section modulus [Z]) of the samples were obtained from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. We investigated the age-related trends of these bone phenotypes and potential sex and ethnic differences. We further evaluated the performance of these four phenotypes for assessment of hip fracture risk by logistic regression models. Chinese had significantly lower FN_BMD, FNW, and Z, but higher CSI than sex-matched Caucasians. Logistic regression analysis showed that higher CSI was significantly associated with lower risk of hip fracture, and the significance remained after adjusting for covariates of age, sex, and height. Each standard deviation (SD) increment in CSI was associated with odds ratios of 0.765 (95% confidence interval, 0.634, 0.992) and 0.724 (95% confidence interval, 0.569, 0.921) for hip fracture risk in Caucasians and Chinese, respectively. The higher CSI in Chinese may partially help explain the lower incidence of hip fractures in this population compared to Caucasians. Further studies in larger cohorts and/or longitudinal observations are necessary to confirm our findings.
Yu
Na
N
Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.
Liu
Yong-Jun
YJ
Pei
Yufang
Y
Zhang
Lei
L
Lei
Shufeng
S
Kothari
Niraj R
NR
Li
Ding-You
DY
Papasian
Christopher J
CJ
Hamilton
James
J
Cai
Ji-Qun
JQ
Deng
Hong-Wen
HW
D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D019245:Compressive Strength / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D044465:White People
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2003 Apr;15(2):131-5
12889844
J Bone Miner Res. 1996 Oct;11(10):1545-56
8889856
J Community Health. 2006 Feb;31(1):7-23
16482763
Arch Intern Med. 2004 May 24;164(10):1108-12
15159268
Ann Hum Biol. 2002 May-Jun;29(3):256-70
12031136
Bone. 2008 Mar;42(3):467-75
18180210
Osteoporos Int. 2009 Dec;20(12):2009-16
19271095
J Bone Miner Res. 2002 Apr;17(4):678-86
11918225
Am J Epidemiol. 2008 Aug 15;168(4):454-60
18599490
Am J Med. 2002 Mar;112(4):281-9
11893367
Dan Med Bull. 1997 Apr;44(2):155-68
9151010
Osteoporos Int. 2004 Feb;15(2):103-7
14605802
J Bone Miner Res. 2008 Dec;23(12):1892-904
18684092
J Bone Miner Res. 2006 Nov;21(11):1678-95
17002564
Osteoporos Int. 2003 Jul;14(7):583-8
12827221
J Bone Miner Res. 1995 Mar;10(3):368-73
7785457
Calcif Tissue Int. 2003 Aug;73(2):122-32
14565593
J Bone Miner Res. 1999 Oct;14(10):1714-20
10491219
Osteoporos Int. 2004 Jan;15(1):62-70
14605798
J Bone Miner Res. 2007 Nov;22(11):1781-90
17638578
J Bone Miner Res. 2006 Oct;21(10):1536-44
16995807
Osteoporos Int. 2000;11(8):714-20
11095176
Osteoporos Int. 2001;12(8):630-8
11580076
Osteoporos Int. 2002 Jul;13(7):542-50
12111014
Yonsei Med J. 2004 Oct 31;45(5):901-7
15515202
J Bone Miner Res. 1994 Oct;9(10):1503-14
7817795
Curr Osteoporos Rep. 2003 Jun;1(1):25-31
16036062
J Bone Miner Res. 2003 Oct;18(10):1766-74
14584886
Bone. 1996 Apr;18(4):327-30
8726389
J Bone Miner Res. 2001 Jan;16(1):120-7
11149475
J Bone Miner Res. 2008 Aug;23(8):1326-33
18348697
J Bone Miner Res. 1993 Oct;8(10):1211-7
8256658
J Bone Miner Res. 2004 Aug;19(8):1280-90
15231015
J Bone Miner Res. 2003 Nov;18(11):1947-54
14606506
Osteoporos Int. 2005 Oct;16(10):1254-62
15702264