In vitro evaluation of acellular dermal matrix as a three-dimensional scaffold for gingival fibroblasts seeding.
BACKGROUND
Tissue engineering principles could improve the incorporation of acellular dermal matrix (ADM). The aim of this study is to verify if ADM is a suitable three-dimensional matrix for gingival fibroblasts and cancerous cells ingrowth, and also if cultured medium conditioned in ADM affect cellular behavior.


METHODS
Canine gingival fibroblasts (CGF), human gingival fibroblasts (HGF), and murine melanoma cell line (B16F10) were seeded on ADM for up to 14 days. The following parameters were assessed: morphology and distribution of CGF, HGF, and B16F10; CGF and HGF viability; and the effect of ADM conditioned medium (CM) on CGF viability.


RESULTS
Epifluorescence revealed that CGF were unevenly distributed on the ADM surface, showing no increase in cell number over the periods of study; HGF formed a monolayer on the ADM surface in a higher number at 14 days (P <0.05); B16F10 exhibited an increase in cell number within 7 days (P <0.05), and were mainly arranged in cell aggregates on the ADM, forming a continuous layer at 14 days. A higher percentage of cells on the ADM surface (P <0.05) compared to inside was observed for all cell types. 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) values indicated higher cell viability in samples cultured with HGF compared to CGF (P = 0.024). A significantly lower cell viability for CGF grown in CM compared to cells grown in non-CM was observed at 48 and 72 hours (P <0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
ADM is not suitable as a three-dimensional matrix for gingival fibroblasts ingrowth. Gingival fibroblasts and highly proliferative cells as B16F10 can only be superficially located on ADM, and CGF are negatively affected by culture medium conditioned in ADM, reducing its viability.
Maia
Luciana P
LP
Department of Bucco-Maxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
Novaes
Arthur B
AB
Souza
Sérgio L S
SL
Grisi
Márcio F M
MF
Taba
Mário
M
Palioto
Daniela B
DB
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
C440568:Alloderm; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003094:Collagen