title: Studying the relation between temporal reward discounting tasks used in populations with ADHD: a factor analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed at investigating the relationship between tasks that have been used in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to measure choices between smaller immediate and larger delayed rewards: real and hypothetical temporal discounting tasks, and single-choice paradigms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 55 undergraduate psychology students. Tasks included a real and hypothetical version of a temporal discounting (TD) task with choices between a large reward (10 cents) after delays up to 60 seconds, and smaller immediate rewards (2-8 cents); two versions of a hypothetical temporal discounting task with choices between a large reward ($100) after delays up to 120 months, and smaller immediate rewards ($1-$95); a Choice Delay Task with choices between one point now and two points after 30 seconds (one point is worth five cents).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Correlation analyses showed that the real and the hypothetical TD tasks with 10 cents were very strongly associated. However, the hypothetical TD tasks with $100 did not correlate with either the real or the hypothetical TD task with 10 cents. Principal component analysis extracted two components: one for small amounts and short delays, and a second one for large rewards and long delays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temporal reward discounting is not a uniform construct. Functional brain imaging research could shed more light on unique brain activation patterns associated with different forms of temporal reward discounting.
authors.affiliation: Psychology Department, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. A.Scheres@psych.ru.nl
authors.forename: Anouk
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scheres
authors.forename: Motofumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumiya
authors.forename: Allison Lee
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Thoeny
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D018672:Community Health Planning; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012201:Reward; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
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