title: Jugular venous hemodynamic changes with aging.
abstract: Cerebral venous outflow insufficiency via the internal jugular vein (IJV) is associated with several neurological disorders. However, a normal reference set of IJV hemodynamic parameters derived from a large, healthy population over a wide range of age has, until now, been lacking. Color-coded duplex sonography was performed on the IJVs of 349 subjects (55.60 ± 17.49,16 to 89 y; 167 M/182 F). With increasing age, increased lumen area and decreased time-averaged mean velocity of bilateral IJV and a decreased proportion of total flow volume, drainage in the left IJV were found. The frequency of left jugular venous reflux (JVR) also increased with aging. We report IJV hemodynamic parameters across a large population, which could be used as a normal reference for clinical and research purposes. Furthermore, we found a decreased proportion of venous drainage, increased JVR prevalence, dilated lumen and slowed flow velocity in the left IJV, all of which suggest increased left IJV outflow impedance with aging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Ya-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: A-Ching
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Shing-Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yen-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuh-Jen
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Han-Hwa
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013624:Taiwan; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*