title: Predicting individual differences in reading comprehension: a twin study.
abstract: We examined the Simple View of reading from a behavioral genetic perspective. Two aspects of word decoding (phonological decoding and word recognition), two aspects of oral language skill (listening comprehension and vocabulary), and reading comprehension were assessed in a twin sample at age 9. Using latent factor models, we found that overlap among phonological decoding, word recognition, listening comprehension, vocabulary, and reading comprehension was primarily due to genetic influences. Shared environmental influences accounted for associations among word recognition, listening comprehension, vocabulary, and reading comprehension. Independent of phonological decoding and word recognition, there was a separate genetic link between listening comprehension, vocabulary, and reading comprehension and a specific shared environmental link between vocabulary and reading comprehension. There were no residual genetic or environmental influences on reading comprehension. The findings provide evidence for a genetic basis to the "Simple View" of reading.
authors.affiliation: The Mind Research Network, Albuquerque, NM, USA. nicoleharlaar@gmail.com
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harlaar
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cutting
authors.forename: Kirby
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Deater-Deckard
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Dethorne
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Justice
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schatschneider
authors.forename: Lee A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Petrill
mesh_terms: D001364:Awareness; D002648:Child; D032882:Comprehension; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D010700:Phonetics; D011932:Reading; D012931:Social Environment; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000235:genetics; D014481:United States; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014706:Verbal Learning; D014825:Vocabulary
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