Detection of bacterial and viral organisms from the conjunctiva of cats with conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract disease.
A variety of pathogens are involved in conjunctivitis in cats. In this study, the prevalence of feline herpesvirus (FHV), Chlamydophila felis, mycoplasmas, and aerobic bacteria on the conjunctival surface of cats with conjunctivitis and upper respiratory tract disease was investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunofluorescent assay (IFA), and aerobic bacterial culture of ocular swabs. Forty-one cats were included of which 37 were found to be infected with an ocular organism. Single and multiple infections were present in 15 and 22 cats, respectively. FHV, mycoplasmas, and C felis were detected by PCR in 11 (27%), 20 (49%), and 23 (56%) cats, respectively. IFA detected 10 cats as positive for C felis. Mycoplasma felis, Mycoplasma canadense, Mycoplasma cynos, Mycoplasma gateae, Mycoplasma lipophilum, and Mycoplasma hyopharyngis were identified by genetic sequencing. The most common aerobic bacteria cultured included Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus species and Micrococcus species. The prevalence of mycoplasmas in cats with conjunctivitis was higher than previously reported, and four of the Mycoplasma species have not been described in cats so far.
Hartmann
Anja D
AD
Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig Maximilian University, Veterinaerstrasse 13, 80539 Munich, Germany.
Hawley
Jennifer
J
Werckenthin
Christiane
C
Lappin
Michael R
MR
Hartmann
Katrin
K
D000818:Animals; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D002415:Cats; D023501:Chlamydophila / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000382:microbiology; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003236:Conjunctivitis, Viral / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D004279:DNA, Viral
Am J Vet Res. 1997 Apr;58(4):338-42
9099374
Res Vet Sci. 1974 Jan;16(1):27-34
4206697
J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Dec;30(12):3200-5
1452703
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1996 Oct;46(4):1093-8
8863441
Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. 1977 Dec;85B(6):462-5
605806
Aust Vet J. 1977 Nov;53(11):515-8
612330
J Vet Diagn Invest. 1999 Mar;11(2):122-6
10098682
Vet Rec. 1983 Jan 22;112(4):87
6829152
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2001 Mar;51(Pt 2):633-43
11321109
Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2007 Mar-Apr;120(3-4):120-5
17416134
J Small Anim Pract. 1996 Aug;37(8):364-6
8872935
Vet Rec. 2006 Feb 25;158(8):269-70
16501159
J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Jun;32(6):1470-4
8077391
Vet Ophthalmol. 2005 Jan-Feb;8(1):25-32
15644097
J Mol Biol. 1990 Oct 5;215(3):403-10
2231712
Am J Vet Res. 1969 Apr;30(4):615-22
4975239
J Vet Intern Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;22(1):44-52
18289288
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1996 Oct;46(4):1181-2
8863455
Vet Ophthalmol. 2005 Sep-Oct;8(5):305-10
16178840
J Vet Intern Med. 2003 Nov-Dec;17(6):799-807
14658715
Vet Microbiol. 2001 Jul 26;81(2):95-108
11376956
Vet Microbiol. 2004 May 20;100(1-2):77-82
15135515
J Vet Diagn Invest. 1999 Sep;11(5):432-5
12968756
Int J Syst Bacteriol. 1995 Jul;45(3):560-4
8590684
Res Vet Sci. 1979 Sep;27(2):233-7
523812
J Clin Microbiol. 2001 Jul;39(7):2675-6
11427593
J Vet Med Sci. 2002 Mar;64(3):215-9
11999440
Acta Vet Scand. 2003;44(1-2):103-4
14650549
Vet Rec. 1984 Apr 7;114(14):344-6
6719790
J Bacteriol. 1989 Dec;171(12):6455-67
2592342
J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1993 Sep 15;203(6):834-7
8226238
J Vet Intern Med. 1999 May-Jun;13(3):153-62
10357102
Vet Microbiol. 1991 Jan;26(1-2):95-101
2024442
Am J Vet Res. 2007 Jun;68(6):643-8
17542698
J Feline Med Surg. 2008 Dec;10(6):551-7
18539065
Vet Rec. 1986 Jan 18;118(3):72-3
3952945
Vet Rec. 1997 Mar 22;140(12):310-3
9106964
Acta Vet Scand. 1983;24(3):315-7
6660166
Vet Rec. 2006 Oct 28;159(18):591-4
17071671
Vet Rec. 2005 May 21;156(21):669-73
15908495
J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1990 Mar;61(1):41-3
2269990
Can Vet J. 1980 Aug;21(8):231-3
7427854