Alzheimer's disease, a multifactorial disorder seeking multitherapies.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is multifactorial and apparently involves several different etiopathogenic mechanisms. There are at least five subgroups of AD based on cerebrospinal fluid levels of Abeta(1-42), a marker of beta-amyloid (Abeta) plaques, and tau and ubiquitin, two markers of neurofibrillary tangles. These different AD subgroups may respond differently to a given disease-modifying drug, and hence, different therapeutic drugs for different disease subgroups might be required. Stratification of AD patients by disease subgroups in clinical trials is critical to the successful development of potent disease-modifying drugs. Levels of disease markers in the cerebrospinal fluid are promising, both in identifying various subgroups of AD and in monitoring the response to therapeutic drugs.
Iqbal
Khalid
K
New York State Institute for Basic Research In Developmental Disabilities, Staten Island, NY, USA. khalid.iqbal.ibr@gmail.com
Grundke-Iqbal
Inge
I
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000473:pathology; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D025801:Ubiquitin; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins
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