title: Effect of hypothyroidism on postnatal conjunctival development in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the conjunctival development in hypothyroid genetically epilepsy-prone rats (GEPRs) with serum T3 and T4 significantly lower than in normal rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A structural, ultrastructural and histochemical study on the conjunctival epithelium of GEPRs and of control Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats before and after eyelid opening, with particular regard to goblet cell differentiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From birth to day 12, no goblet cells were demonstrated on the conjunctival surface of both strains, so that the epithelium was formed only by a cuboidal basal layer and by a superficial layer of roundish or flattened cells. On day 16, after the eyelid opening, Alcian blue (AB)-positive goblet cells filled with homogeneous granules were demonstrated isolated, in GEPRs, or clustered, in SD rats, in both the fornices and palpebral conjunctiva. The epithelium showed a basal layer and many layers of flattened cells and was taller in SD rats (8-10 layers) than in GEPRs (6-7 layers). At 3 months, the epithelium in SD rats was higher with generally clustered goblet cells, whilst in GEPRs goblet cells were both isolated or clustered. In both strains, the goblet cells showed a marked AB/periodic acid-Schiff positivity all over the conjunctival surface and were filled with granules of different density. In both strains, goblet cells were absent at birth and their appearance, as AB-positive cells, was concomitant with eyelid opening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypothyroid rats showed a conjunctival development different than that of normothyroid rats for both epithelial and goblet cells. It appears that thyroid hormone imbalance may influence conjunctival development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomorphology and Biotechnologies, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Micali
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pisani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puzzolo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spinella
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roszkowska
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aragona
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002452:Cell Count; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics; D004848:Epithelium / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000166:cytology; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011922:Rats, Mutant Strains; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D013963:Thyroid Hormones