title: Prior health care utilization patterns and suicide among U.S. Army soldiers.
abstract: Suicides among U.S. Army soldiers are increasing and, in January 2009, outpaced deaths due to combat. For this study, 1,873 army suicides identified through death, inpatient, and emergency room records were matched with 5,619 controls. In multivariate models, older, male, White, single, and enlisted soldiers with a prior injury (OR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.64-2.54), alcohol (OR = 3.41, 95% CI = 2.32-4.99), or mental health hospitalization (OR = 6.62, 95% CI = 4.77-9.20) were at increased risk for suicide. Risk was greatest immediately following diagnoses, but remained elevated even after 5 or more years of follow-up. Most injury hospitalizations were unintentional but, nonetheless, significantly associated with suicide. Interactions indicate soldiers with both mental health and injury history are particularly vulnerable.
authors.affiliation: Social Sectors Development Strategies, Boston, MA, USA. nbell@ssds.net
authors.forename: Nicole S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Harford
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Amoroso
authors.forename: Ilyssa E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: Ashley B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Kay
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008485:Medical Audit; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D012306:Risk; D013405:Suicide / Q000639:trends*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology