title: Analysis of ERKs' dimerization by electrophoresis.
abstract: Signals transmitted by ERK MAP Kinases regulate the functions of multiple substrates present in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Once phosphorylated, ERKs dimerize. The functions of these dimers had remained elusive until recently when we demonstrated that ERK dimers are assembled using scaffolds proteins as platforms. Dimerization is critical for connecting the scaffolded ERK complex to cognate cytoplasmic substrates. Contrarily, nuclear substrates associate to ERK monomers. These results identify dimerization as a key determinant of the spatial specificity of ERK signals. Moreover, we showed that preventing ERK dimerization, without affecting ERK phosphorylation, is sufficient for attenuating cellular proliferation, transformation, and tumor development. Thus, analyzing ERK dimerization will be an important factor in the future for determining, for example, the real impact on the ERK pathway of some drugs that do not affect ERK phosphorylation. Herein, we describe user-friendly methods for such purpose.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), IDICAN, Departamento de Biología Molecular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Cantabria, Spain.
authors.forename: Adán
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Crespo
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary
chemical_list: D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases