title: Increased levels of CRP and MCP-1 are associated with previously unknown abnormal glucose regulation in patients with acute STEMI: a cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of both atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes and some inflammatory markers may also predict the risk of developing type 2 diabetes. The aims of the present study were to assess a potential association between circulating levels of inflammatory markers and hyperglycaemia measured during an acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in patients without known diabetes, and to determine whether circulating levels of inflammatory markers measured early after an acute STEMI, were associated with the presence of abnormal glucose regulation classified by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at three-month follow-up in the same cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inflammatory markers were measured in fasting blood samples from 201 stable patients at a median time of 16.5 hours after a primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Three months later the patients performed a standardised OGTT. The term abnormal glucose regulation was defined as the sum of the three pathological glucose categories classified according to the WHO criteria (patients with abnormal glucose regulation, n = 50).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No association was found between inflammatory markers and hyperglycaemia measured during the acute STEMI. However, the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) measured in-hospital were higher in patients classified three months later as having abnormal compared to normal glucose regulation (p = 0.031 and p = 0.016, respectively). High levels of CRP (≥ 75 percentiles (33.13 mg/L)) and MCP-1 (≥ 25 percentiles (190 ug/mL)) were associated with abnormal glucose regulation with an adjusted OR of 3.2 (95% CI 1.5, 6.8) and 7.6 (95% CI 1.7, 34.2), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated levels of CRP and MCP-1 measured in patients early after an acute STEMI were associated with abnormal glucose regulation classified by an OGTT at three-month follow-up. No significant associations were observed between inflammatory markers and hyperglycaemia measured during the acute STEMI.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Heart Research, Oslo University Hospital, Ullevål, Oslo, Norway. evacecilie.knudsen@ulleval.no
authors.forename: Eva C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Knudsen
authors.forename: Ingebjørg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Seljeflot
authors.forename: Abdelnoor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eritsland
authors.forename: Arild
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangschau
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arnesen
authors.forename: Geir Ø
authors.initials: GØ
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D002097:C-Reactive Protein
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