title: Trace elements and vitamin E status in Nigerian patients with prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer among men.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the trace elements (Se, Zn, Cu and Cd) and vitamin E status of some Nigerian prostate cancer (PCa) patients relative to their prostate-specific antigen (PSA) values.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prostate cancer patients were assigned into groups 1, 2 and 3 with PSA of 5-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml and > 20 ng/ml, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the levels of whole blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) and serum Se and Zn were significantly lower (p< 0.05) in the PCa patients. Specifically, levels of SOD, Se and Zn decreased by 67%, 30% and 35%; 70%, 52% and 41%; 81%, 58% and 47%, in subjects with PSA of 5-10 ng/ml, 11-20 ng/ml and > 20 ng/ml, respectively. There were no significant differences (p> 0.05) in levels of Cu and Cd. Serum Cu/ Zn ratio were significantly higher in PCa patients. The Cu/ Zn ratios were 1: 1.2: 1.3 for subjects in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Vitamin E levels in PCa patients were significantly lower and followed the order; normal > PSA (5-10) > PSA (11-20) > PSA (> 20).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deficiency of vitamin E, Zn and Se may be risk factors for development of PCa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. aoadaramoye@yahoo.com
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adaramoye
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akinloye
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Olatunji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003300:Copper / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria; D009752:Nutritional Status; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D014810:Vitamin E; D003300:Copper; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D015032:Zinc
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