title: Serum magnesium and risk of sudden cardiac death in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesized that serum magnesium (Mg) is associated with increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study assessed risk factors and levels of serum Mg in a cohort of 45- to 64-year-old subjects in 1987-1989 (n = 14,232). After an average of 12 years of follow-up, we observed 264 cases of SCD, as determined by physician review of all suspected cases. We used proportional hazards regression to evaluate the association of serum Mg with risk of SCD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals in the highest quartile of serum Mg were at significantly lower risk of SCD in all models. This association persisted after adjustment for potential confounding variables, with an almost 40% reduced risk of SCD (hazard ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.42-0.93) in quartile 4 versus 1 of serum Mg observed in the fully adjusted model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that low levels of serum Mg may be an important predictor of SCD. Further research into the effectiveness of Mg supplementation for those considered to be at high risk for SCD is warranted.
authors.affiliation: University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, 55454, USA.
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peacock
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: Nona
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sotoodehnia
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rosamond
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Folsom
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015987:Effect Modifier, Epidemiologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium
references.citation: Ann Epidemiol. 1999 Apr;9(3):159-65
references.pmid: 10192647
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1989 Apr;129(4):687-702
references.pmid: 2646917
references.citation: Circulation. 1999 Apr 20;99(15):1978-83
references.pmid: 10209001
references.citation: Lancet. 1992 Jun 27;339(8809):1553-8
references.pmid: 1351547
references.citation: Arch Intern Med. 1999 Oct 11;159(18):2151-9
references.pmid: 10527292
references.citation: Lancet. 1995 Mar 18;345(8951):669-85
references.pmid: 7661937
references.citation: Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2001;61(5):401-5
references.pmid: 11569488
references.citation: J Clin Epidemiol. 1995 Jul;48(7):927-40
references.pmid: 7782801
references.citation: Lancet. 2002 Oct 19;360(9341):1189-96
references.pmid: 12401244
references.citation: Am J Clin Nutr. 1982 Nov;36(5):936-42
references.pmid: 7137077
references.citation: Methods Inf Med. 1990 Sep;29(4):362-74
references.pmid: 2233384
references.citation: J Hypertens. 1995 Dec;13(12 Pt 2):1539-45
references.pmid: 8903607
references.citation: Am Heart J. 1998 Sep;136(3):480-90
references.pmid: 9736141
references.citation: Am Heart J. 1992 Aug;124(2):544-9
references.pmid: 1636608
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2003 Feb 13;348(7):583-92
references.pmid: 12584366
references.citation: Circulation. 2006 Apr 4;113(13):1675-82
references.pmid: 16567569
references.citation: Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1993;19(4-5):314-22
references.pmid: 8264519
references.citation: J Clin Epidemiol. 1999 Jul;52(7):601-7
references.pmid: 10391652
references.citation: Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1994 May;118(5):496-500
references.pmid: 8192558
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 1999 Jan;20(2):111-20
references.pmid: 10099907
references.citation: Am Heart J. 1991 Jan;121(1 Pt 1):105-10
references.pmid: 1670740
references.citation: Circulation. 1992 Jan;85(1 Suppl):I70-6
references.pmid: 1728508
references.citation: Anesth Analg. 1995 Jun;80(6):1083-7
references.pmid: 7762833
references.citation: Mol Cell Biochem. 2002 Sep;238(1-2):163-79
references.pmid: 12349904
references.citation: Ann Intern Med. 1995 Oct 1;123(7):481-7
references.pmid: 7661490
references.citation: JAMA. 2002 Dec 18;288(23):2981-97
references.pmid: 12479763
references.citation: Am J Epidemiol. 1985 Jul;122(1):51-65
references.pmid: 4014201
references.citation: Circulation. 1997 Nov 18;96(10):3799
references.pmid: 9396503
references.citation: Circulation. 2006 May 16;113(19):2285-92
references.pmid: 16682616
references.citation: Circulation. 2004 Aug 3;110(5):522-7
references.pmid: 15262842
references.citation: Circulation. 2003 Apr 29;107(16):2096-101
references.pmid: 12695299
references.citation: Lancet. 1994 Apr 2;343(8901):816-9
references.pmid: 7908076
references.citation: Circulation. 2001 Oct 30;104(18):2158-63
references.pmid: 11684624
references.citation: Am J Hypertens. 2002 Aug;15(8):691-6
references.pmid: 12160191