The persistent challenge of lupus nephritis.
Systemic lupus erythematosus has long been considered the prototypic autoimmune disease. Although the etiology remains enigmatic, there has been vigorous definition of the clinical features and the natural history. In this issue, we review the persistent challenge of lupus nephritis and, in particular, features of diagnosis as well as treatment options. It is clear that major therapeutic advances have occurred but there is still a considerable unmet need in the population. This issue does not review all the clinical problems of lupus nephritis, but rather attempts to place the most recent data in perspective for the clinician.
Valesini
Guido
G
Reumatologia, Dipartimento di Clinica e Terapia Medica, Sezione di Reumatologia, Sapienza Università di Roma, V.le del Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy. guido.valesini@uniroma1.it
Conti
Fabrizio
F
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015551:Autoimmunity; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000639:trends; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019653:Myeloablative Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012074:Remission Induction; D000069283:Rituximab; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000276:immunology
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D015415:Biomarkers; D019653:Myeloablative Agonists; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D000069283:Rituximab; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid
Lancet. 1992 Sep 26;340(8822):741-5
1356175
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J307-13
20056533
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A247-50
20144744
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A305-10
19903539
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J234-46
19995678
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A400-5
20035901
Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Aug;48(8):944-52
19494179
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J314-21
20034760
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A271-6
19931651
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A372-8
19903540
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A366-71
19906361
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J226-33
20096538
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J287-99
20031371
Semin Immunol. 2004 Feb;16(1):23-6
14751760
J Rheumatol. 2009 Jan;36(1):63-7
19004042
Cell Death Differ. 2009 Jul;16(7):976-83
19444282
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J178-206
20031372
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A387-94
19932200
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J300-6
20036105
J Rheumatol. 2006 Aug;33(8):1563-9
16881113
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J327-38
20018478
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J207-19
20053532
Medicine (Baltimore). 2003 Sep;82(5):299-308
14530779
Arthritis Rheum. 2006 Feb;54(2):421-32
16453282
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A319-24
19932890
Lupus. 2009 Aug;18(9):767-76
19578100
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J322-6
20022216
Arthritis Rheum. 2002 Aug;46(8):2121-31
12209517
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A325-9
20026258
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A259-66
19963079
J Rheumatol. 1994 Nov;21(11):2046-51
7869308
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A277-87
20036343
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J266-75
20015613
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A355-65
19969107
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A311-8
19906362
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A299-304
19932199
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2006 May;117(5):979-87; quiz 988
16675322
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A330-4
19906360
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A395-9
20035902
J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999 Feb;10(2):413-24
10215343
Lupus. 2009 Mar;18(3):257-63
19213865
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J247-57
20018479
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A267-70
19969106
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A293-8
19892038
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A342-9
19945546
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A335-41
19914405
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J163-7
20056534
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J276-86
20005073
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A251-8
19883799
N Engl J Med. 1986 Mar 6;314(10):614-9
3511372
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A350-4
19932202
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J168-77
20034761
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J220-5
19963349
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A288-92
19944780
J Autoimmun. 2010 May;34(3):J258-65
20042314
Autoimmun Rev. 2010 Mar;9(5):A383-6
19922815