title: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) increases gene expression of FSH receptor and aromatase and decreases gene expression of LH receptor and StAR in human granulosa cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A growing body of evidence indicates that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) cytokines play a key role in female fertility in mammals. BMP-2 is known to be expressed in the ovary of many species. In the present study, we examined the expression and function of BMP-2 in the human ovary.
  
  
  METHODS
  BMP-2 mRNA expression in the human ovary was evaluated by in situ hybridization. Human granulosa cells were obtained from in vitro fertilization patients. Human granulosa cells were cultured with recombinant BMP-2 or human chorionic gonadotrophin (HCG), followed by RNA extraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMP-2 expression was detected in granulosa cells of antral follicles but not of corpus luteum. The in vitro study showed that BMP-2 induced follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) receptor and aromatase expression, while decreasing luteinizing hormone (LH) receptor and steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in human granulosa cells. HCG decreased gene expression of BMP-2 and increased BMP and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI), an antagonist of BMP-2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression and disappearance of BMP-2 might contribute to folliculogenesis and luteinization by regulating gonadotropin receptor expression in human granulosa cells. HCG can modulate BMP-2 function by controlling BMP-2 and BAMBI expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osuga
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nishii
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taketani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D034461:Luteinization; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein
chemical_list: C485671:BAMBI protein, human; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011962:Receptors, FSH; D011974:Receptors, LH; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein; D001141:Aromatase