title: Effects of feed-borne Fusarium mycotoxins and an organic mycotoxin adsorbent on immune cell dynamics in the jejunum of chickens infected with Eimeria maxima.
abstract: An experiment was conducted to explore the effects of Fusarium mycotoxins, common animal feed contaminants, on intestinal immune responses to coccidia (Eimeria) in chickens. Effects of feed-borne Fusarium mycotoxins and a polymeric glucomannan mycotoxin adsorbent (GMA) on immune cell populations were studied in the jejunum of broiler breeder pullets using an Eimeria maxima infection model. Birds were fed a control diet, a diet naturally contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins, contaminated diet plus 0.2% GMA, or control diet plus 0.2% GMA. Contaminated diets contained up to 6.5μg/g deoxynivalenol (DON), 0.47μg/g 15-acetyl-DON and 0.73μg/g zearalenone. Birds received a primary oral inoculation (1000 oocysts/bird) with E. maxima USDA strain 68 at 2 weeks of age and a secondary oral inoculation (30,000 oocysts/bird) with the same strain at 4 weeks of age. Diet-related differences in CD4(+) cell, CD8(+) cell and macrophage recruitment pattern into the jejunum were observed following both the primary and secondary infections. It was concluded that feed-borne Fusarium mycotoxins and GMA have the potential to modulate immune response to coccidial infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1.
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Girgis
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Barta
authors.forename: Channarayapatna K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Girish
authors.forename: Niel A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Karrow
authors.forename: Herman J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Boermans
authors.forename: Trevor K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D003048:Coccidiosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004539:Eimeria; D005260:Female; D005506:Food Contamination; D005670:Fusarium / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D008351:Mannans; D009183:Mycotoxins; C022901:(1-6)-alpha-glucomannan