title: Brain-natriuretic peptide and cyclic guanosine monophosphate as biomarkers of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs.
abstract: Elevations in the plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptides correlate with increased severity of myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) in dogs. This study correlates the severity of MMVD with the plasma concentrations of the biomarkers N-terminal fragment of the pro-brain-natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and its second messenger, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP). Furthermore, the L-arginine:asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) ratio was measured as an index of nitric oxide availability. The study included 75 dogs sub-divided into five groups based on severity of MMVD as assessed by clinical examination and echocardiography. Plasma NT-proBNP and cGMP concentrations increased with increasing valve dysfunction and were significantly elevated in dogs with heart failure. The cGMP:NT-proBNP ratio decreased significantly in dogs with heart failure, suggesting the development of natriuretic peptide resistance. Although the l-arginine:ADMA ratio decreased with increasingly severe MMVD, this was largely due to the older age of the dogs with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark. som@life.ku.dk
authors.forename: Sophia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Moesgaard
authors.forename: Torkel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teerlink
authors.forename: Halldóra H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Guðmundsdóttir
authors.forename: Sif
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sigurðardóttir
authors.forename: Caroline E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
authors.forename: Lisbeth H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Olsen
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000097:blood*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000662:veterinary; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C487735:dimethylarginine; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D001120:Arginine; D006152:Cyclic GMP