Enhanced cell fusion activity in porcine epidemic diarrhea virus adapted to suckling mice.
Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is the major causative agent of fatal diarrhea in piglets. To study the pathogenic features of PEDV using a mouse model, PEDV with virulence in mice is required. In pursuit of this, we adapted a tissue-culture-passed PEDV MK strain to suckling mouse brains. PEDV obtained after ten passages through the brains (MK-p10) had increased virulence for mice, and its fusion activity in cultured cells exceeded that of the original strain. However, the replication kinetics of MK and MK-p10 did not differ from each other in the brain and in cultured cells. The spike (S) protein of MK-p10 had four amino acid substitutions relative to the original strain. One of these (an H-to-R substitution at residue 1,381) was first detected in PEDV isolated after eight passages, and both this virus (MK-p8) and MK-p10 showed enhanced syncytium formation relative to the original MK strain and viruses isolated after two, four, and six passages, suggesting the possibility that the H-to-R mutation was responsible for this activity. This mutation could be also involved in the increased virulence of PEDV observed for MK-p10.
Shirato
Kazuya
K
Department of Virology III, Laboratory of Acute Respiratory Viral Diseases and Cytokines, Musashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan.
Maejima
Madoka
M
Hirai
Asuka
A
Ami
Yasushi
Y
Takeyama
Natsumi
N
Tsuchiya
Kotaro
K
Kusanagi
Kouich
K
Nunoya
Tetsuo
T
Taguchi
Fumihiro
F
D000220:Adaptation, Biological; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D053485:Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012692:Serial Passage; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014774:Virulence
D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C578557:spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV; C578553:spike protein, mouse hepatitis virus
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