ω-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids prevent pressure overload-induced ventricular dilation and decrease in mitochondrial enzymes despite no change in adiponectin.
BACKGROUND
Pathological left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy frequently progresses to dilated heart failure with suppressed mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Dietary marine ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA) up-regulate adiponectin and prevent LV dilation in rats subjected to pressure overload. This study 1) assessed the effects of ω-3 PUFA on LV dilation and down-regulation of mitochondrial enzymes in response to pressure overload; and 2) evaluated the role of adiponectin in mediating the effects of ω-3 PUFA in heart.


METHODS
Wild type (WT) and adiponectin-/- mice underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and were fed standard chow ± ω-3 PUFA for 6 weeks. At 6 weeks, echocardiography was performed to assess LV function, mice were terminated, and mitochondrial enzyme activities were evaluated.


RESULTS
TAC induced similar pathological LV hypertrophy compared to sham mice in both strains on both diets. In WT mice TAC increased LV systolic and diastolic volumes and reduced mitochondrial enzyme activities, which were attenuated by ω-3 PUFA without increasing adiponectin. In contrast, adiponectin-/- mice displayed no increase in LV end diastolic and systolic volumes or decrease in mitochondrial enzymes with TAC, and did not respond to ω-3 PUFA.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest ω-3 PUFA attenuates cardiac pathology in response to pressure overload independent of an elevation in adiponectin.
O'Shea
Karen M
KM
Division of Cardiology and Department of Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Chess
David J
DJ
Khairallah
Ramzi J
RJ
Hecker
Peter A
PA
Lei
Biao
B
Walsh
Kenneth
K
Des Rosiers
Christine
C
Stanley
William C
WC
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005326:Fetal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014463:Ultrasonography
D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005326:Fetal Proteins; D005395:Fish Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger
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