title: The effect of texture differences on satiation in 3 pairs of solid foods.
abstract: This study explored the effect of texture differences on satiation (ad libitum food intake) in 3 pairs of solid foods. Test products were specially developed luncheon meat, meat replacers and sweets. Each food consisted of a "hard" and "soft" version, expected to lead to different eating rates and consequently to differences in oral sensory exposure time. One hundred and six subjects participated in 7 sessions. During the first sessions, subjects consumed the products ad libitum while watching a movie in a cinema. During the last session, eating rate of all products was measured. Mean intake did not differ significantly between the hard and soft version for any of the products, but subjects who ate more of the soft luncheon meat significantly outnumbered subjects who ate more of the hard version. Eating rate was significantly slower for the hard than for the soft luncheon meat (21 ± 10 vs. 25 ± 13 g/min); no differences were found for the other food types. Ad libitum intake was twice as high in the highest versus the lowest quartile of eating rate (p < 0.001). Texture differences between the hard and soft versions may have been too subtle to lead to differences in eating rate for meat replacers and sweets and consequently to differences in food intake.
authors.affiliation: Top Institute Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Nicolien
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mars
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stafleu
authors.forename: Cees
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Graaf
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D005524:Food Technology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008460:Meat; D009055:Mouth; D012528:Satiety Response; D013499:Surface Properties; D014110:Touch; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019422:Dietary Sucrose