title: Gender-dependent expression of murine Irf5 gene: implications for sex bias in autoimmunity.
abstract: Molecular mechanisms that contribute to sex bias in the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease, remain unknown. We found that the expression levels of interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5), a lupus susceptibility factor, depend on gender of mice. We found that steady-state levels of the Irf5 mRNA were relatively higher in splenic cells from certain autoimmune-prone mice (for example, NZB and NZB/W F(1)) than in non-autoimmune C57BL/6 mice. Additionally, levels of Irf5 mRNA and protein were higher in females than in strain and age-matched males. Accordingly, splenic cells from estrogen receptor-alpha (ERα) knockout, when compared with the wild-type (ERα(+/+)), female mice expressed relatively lower levels of Irf5 mRNA and the treatment of splenic cells with 17β-estradiol increased the levels. Furthermore, splenic B cells from the female mice had relatively more IRF5 protein in the nucleus than the male mice. Collectively, our observations demonstrate a gender bias in the expression and sub-cellular localization of the murine IRF5.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ravichandran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Panchanathan
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rajavelu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Duan
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: Divaker
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choubey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008814:Mice, Inbred NZB; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D050835:Interferon Regulatory Factors; C498178:Irf5 protein, mouse
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