title: Social intervention for British Pakistani women with depression: randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  British Pakistani women have a high prevalence of depression. There are no reported psychosocial interventions for depression in ethnic minorities in the UK.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of a social group intervention compared with antidepressants, and whether the combination of the two is more efficacious than either alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 123 women with depression participated in the primary care-based cluster randomised controlled trial (ISRCTN19172148). Outcome measures were severity of depression (Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression), social functioning and satisfaction at 3 and 9 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Greater improvement in depression in the social intervention group and the combined treatment group compared with those receiving antidepressants alone fell short of significance. There was significantly greater improvement in social functioning in the social intervention and combined treatment groups than in the antidepressant group at both 3 and 9 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pakistani women with depression found the social groups acceptable and their social function and satisfaction improved if they received social treatment compared with the receipt of antidepressants alone.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gater
authors.forename: Waquas
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Waheed
authors.forename: Nusrat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tomenson
authors.forename: Saadia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aseem
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Creed
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000208:ethnology / Q000628:therapy*; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010154:Pakistan / Q000208:ethnology; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D012944:Social Support; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents