title: Growth kinetics of biopigment production by Thai isolated Monascus purpureus in a stirred tank bioreactor.
abstract: Monascus purpureus is a biopigment-producing fungi whose pigments can be used in many biotechnological and food industries. The growth kinetics of biopigment production were investigated in a liquid fermentation medium in a 5-l stirred tank bioreactor at 30°C, pH 7, for 8 days with 100 rpm agitation and 1.38 × 10(5) N/m(2) aeration. Thai Monascus purpureus strains TISTR 3002, 3180, 3090 and 3385 were studied for color production, growth kinetics and productivity. Citrinin as a toxic metabolite was measured from the Monascus fermentation broth. The biopigment productions were detected from fermentation broth by scanning spectra of each strain produced. Results showed a mixture of yellow, orange and red pigments with absorption peaks of pigments occurring at different wavelengths for the four strains. It was found that for each pigment color, the color production from the strains increased in the order TISTR 3002, 3180, 3090, 3385 with 3385 production being approximately 10 times that of 3002. Similar results were found for growth kinetics and productivity. HPLC results showed that citrinin was not produced under the culture conditions of this study. The L*, a* and b* values of the CIELAB color system were also obtained for the yellow, orange and red pigments produced from the TISTR 3002, 3180, 3090 and 3385 strains. The colors of the pigments ranged from burnt umber to deep red.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Piboonsongkram Road, Bangsue, Bangkok, 10800, Thailand. stk@kmutnb.ac.th
authors.forename: Sasithorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kongruang
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002953:Citrinin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D032741:Monascus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010860:Pigments, Biological; D002953:Citrinin
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 2000 Mar;66(3):1120-5
references.pmid: 10698780
references.citation: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Oct;72(6):1254-62
references.pmid: 16568313
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2007 Aug 8;55(16):6493-502
references.pmid: 17636932
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Feb 9;53(3):562-5
references.pmid: 15686402
references.citation: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Apr;70(4):488-96
references.pmid: 16151799
references.citation: Appl Environ Microbiol. 1999 Jan;65(1):311-4
references.pmid: 9872798
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 1990 Apr 25;35(10):1011-23
references.pmid: 18588247
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 1996 Dec 20;52(6):672-84
references.pmid: 18629946
references.citation: Mycologia. 1965 Mar-Apr;57:149-97
references.pmid: 14261924
references.citation: Mutat Res. 1999 Jul 21;444(1):7-16
references.pmid: 10477335
references.citation: J AOAC Int. 2006 May-Jun;89(3):669-77
references.pmid: 16792066
references.citation: Biotechnol Bioeng. 1998 Feb 20;57(4):409-19
references.pmid: 10099217
references.citation: World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 1993 Jan;9(1):85-90
references.pmid: 24419847
references.citation: J Agric Food Chem. 2003 Feb 26;51(5):1302-6
references.pmid: 12590473
references.citation: Bioresour Technol. 2007 May;98(8):1554-60
references.pmid: 16919934
references.citation: Curr Opin Biotechnol. 2005 Apr;16(2):231-8
references.pmid: 15831392