title: Superior mediastinal syndrome due to intrathoracic tuberculosis.
abstract: A 5-year-old boy presented with fever, cough, breathlessness and facial swelling. He was pale with distended veins over neck and chest, cervical and axillary lymphadenopathy and bilateral expiratory wheeze. Chest radiographs showed superior mediastinal widening. A computed tomography scan of the chest revealed mediastinal lymph nodes compressing superior vena cava and trachea. Bronchoscopy revealed nodular lesions in trachea and bronchi and compression of trachea. Broncho-alveolar lavage revealed acid fast bacilli. Diagnosis of superior mediastinal syndrome (SMS) secondary to tuberculosis was made and child was treated with antitubercular treatment along with oral prednisolone with good response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors.forename: Jitendra K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.forename: Ramesh P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lodha
authors.forename: Sushil Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kabra
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001980:Bronchi / Q000503:physiopathology; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008477:Mediastinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013479:Superior Vena Cava Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents
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