title: The detection of Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity islands (PAIs) and expression of matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) in gastric epithelial dysplasia and intramucosal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cag pathogenicity island (PAI), a Helicobacter pylori virulence factor, is associated with the pathogenesis of gastric cancer. Matrix metalloproteinase-7(MMP-7) is upregulated in the epithelial cells of gastric cancer. To date, there is limited information available on the role of cag PAI and MMP-7 in precursor lesions. In this study, we aimed to identify virulent H. pylori strains and the expression of MMP-7 in samples of gastric epithelial dysplasia and intramucosal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twelve tissues excised by endoscopic mucosal resection, 76 specimens with gastric epithelial dysplasia and 36 with intramucosal cancer, were examined. All tissue samples were paired with surrounding normal epithelial tissue samples. We performed polymerase chain reaction for cagA and cagL in neoplasia and paired normal specimens, and assessed the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-7 expression by immunohistochemical staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference in the frequencies of cagA or cagL between specimens with gastric dysplasia and those with intramucosal cancer. We confirmed greater expression of MMP-7 immunoreactivity in intramucosal cancers infected with a virulent H. pylori strain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that infection with a virulent H. pylori strain was associated with early-stage gastric cancer and that carcinogenesis was associated with cag PAI-dependent MMP-7 upregulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Chul
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Sung Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kang-Moon
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang Nyol
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Jea Wuk
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kawk
authors.forename: Ji Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Min Kyoung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005773:Gastroscopy; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D044404:Genomic Islands; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7
references.citation: N Engl J Med. 2001 Sep 13;345(11):784-9
references.pmid: 11556297
references.citation: Hum Pathol. 2008 Dec;39(12):1802-8
references.pmid: 18715618
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2000 Jul;119(1):7-14
references.pmid: 10889149
references.citation: Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2007 Sep;59(1):7-16
references.pmid: 17521839
references.citation: Br J Surg. 2005 Apr;92(4):454-62
references.pmid: 15609380
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2006 May;130(6):1754-63
references.pmid: 16697739
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1995 May 15;55(10):2111-5
references.pmid: 7743510
references.citation: Lab Invest. 1995 Dec;73(6):760-70
references.pmid: 8558837
references.citation: J Pathol. 2006 Jan;208(2):233-48
references.pmid: 16362989
references.citation: World J Gastroenterol. 2005 Nov 21;11(43):6815-22
references.pmid: 16425389
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1995 May;63(5):1681-87
references.pmid: 7729872
references.citation: Dig Dis Sci. 1997 Aug;42(8):1652-9
references.pmid: 9286230
references.citation: Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 Oct;20(10):1161-81
references.pmid: 8827022
references.citation: Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 2006 Jan;231(1):20-7
references.pmid: 16380641
references.citation: Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2008;40(6-7):1362-78
references.pmid: 18258475
references.citation: Gut. 1997 Mar;40(3):297-301
references.pmid: 9135515
references.citation: Gut. 1996 Sep;39(3):444-8
references.pmid: 8949652
references.citation: J Natl Cancer Inst. 1995 Dec 6;87(23):1777-80
references.pmid: 7473834
references.citation: Int J Oncol. 1998 Nov;13(5):1031-5
references.pmid: 9772296
references.citation: JAMA. 2004 Jan 14;291(2):187-94
references.pmid: 14722144
references.citation: Helicobacter. 2005 Dec;10(6):601-8
references.pmid: 16302986
references.citation: Matrix Biol. 2008 Apr;27(3):267-71
references.pmid: 18023162
references.citation: Clin Diagn Lab Immunol. 2001 Jan;8(1):181-6
references.pmid: 11139216
references.citation: Virchows Arch. 2003 Feb;442(2):99-106
references.pmid: 12596058
references.citation: J Formos Med Assoc. 2002 Jan;101(1):18-23
references.pmid: 11911033
references.citation: J Gastroenterol. 2004;39(5):434-40
references.pmid: 15175941
references.citation: Gut. 2003 Oct;52(10):1408-13
references.pmid: 12970131
references.citation: Eur Surg Res. 2007;39(4):208-15
references.pmid: 17396032
references.citation: J Cell Sci. 2003 Jul 15;116(Pt 14):3017-26
references.pmid: 12808021
references.citation: Nature. 2007 Oct 18;449(7164):862-6
references.pmid: 17943123
references.citation: Br J Surg. 1997 Feb;84(2):160-6
references.pmid: 9052425
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2005 Jun;128(7):1937-52
references.pmid: 15940628
references.citation: Gut. 2004 Sep;53(9):1244-9
references.pmid: 15306578
references.citation: Cancer Sci. 2004 Nov;95(11):872-7
references.pmid: 15546504
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 1998 Apr 17;79(2):187-94
references.pmid: 9583735
references.citation: J Clin Oncol. 2000 Mar;18(5):1135-49
references.pmid: 10694567
references.citation: Nature. 2002 Dec 19-26;420(6917):860-7
references.pmid: 12490959
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2003 Oct;125(4):1125-36
references.pmid: 14517796
references.citation: Mol Carcinog. 1991;4(6):527-33
references.pmid: 1793490
references.citation: Rev Esp Enferm Dig. 2001 Jul;93(7):471-80
references.pmid: 11685943
references.citation: Am J Surg Pathol. 1995;19 Suppl 1:S37-43
references.pmid: 7762738
references.citation: Mol Biol Cell. 2008 Oct;19(10):4110-21
references.pmid: 18653469
references.citation: J Formos Med Assoc. 2008 Aug;107(8):591-9
references.pmid: 18678542
references.citation: J Surg Oncol. 2006 May 1;93(6):491-7
references.pmid: 16615152
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 2004 Feb;113(3):321-33
references.pmid: 14755326
references.citation: J Clin Pathol. 1994 Oct;47(10):945-50
references.pmid: 7962609