title: Effect of Arctium lappa L. in the dextran sulfate sodium colitis mouse model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the possible protective role of Arctium lappa L. (AL) in a murine model of ulcerative colitis (UC).
  
  
  METHODS
  BALB/c mice were administered 100 mg/kg AL powder orally each day. After 7 d, colitis was induced by administration of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) (5% W/V) in drinking water for a further 8 consecutive days. Diarrhea and bloody stools as well as colonic histology were observed. The level of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in colonic sections were detected by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in mean body weight values and disease activity indices between controls and AL-treated animals. Moreover, the histological findings showed that AL treatment can prevent mucosal edema, submucosal erosions, ulceration, inflammatory cell infiltration and colon damage. In addition, immunohistochemistry analysis showed that the levels of the inflammatory cytokines, IL-6 and TNF-alpha were also decreased in AL-treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that AL can prevent intestinal damage and decrease inflammatory cytokines in mice with DSS-induced colitis. Thus, AL could prove to be a useful food for UC.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Animal Vaccine Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 912 Pingtung, Taiwan, China.
authors.forename: Tzou-Chi
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Shinn-Shyong
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Li-Fang
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu Lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hung-Jen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kuo Pin
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D031170:Arctium; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000517:prevention & control; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014456:Ulcer / Q000517:prevention & control; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D028321:Plant Preparations; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016264:Dextran Sulfate
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