title: AS1907417, a novel GPR119 agonist, as an insulinotropic and β-cell preservative agent for the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
abstract: G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR) 119 is involved in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) and represents a promising target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes as it is highly expressed in pancreatic β-cells. Although a number of oral GPR119 agonists have been developed, their inability to adequately directly preserve β-cell function limits their effectiveness. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of a novel small-molecule GPR119 agonist, AS1907417, which represents a modified form of a 2,4,6-tri-substituted pyrimidine core agonist, AS1269574, we previously identified. The exposure of HEK293 cells expressing human GPR119, NIT-1 cells expressing human insulin promoter, and the pancreatic β-cell line MIN-6-B1 to AS1907417, enhanced intracellular cAMP, GSIS, and human insulin promoter activity, respectively. In in vivo experiments involving fasted normal mice, a single dose of AS1907417 improved glucose tolerance, but did not affect plasma glucose or insulin levels. Twice-daily doses of AS1907417 for 4weeks in diabetic db/db, aged db/db mice, ob/ob mice, and Zucker diabetic fatty rats reduced hemoglobin A1c levels by 1.6%, 0.8%, 1.5%, and 0.9%, respectively. In db/db mice, AS1907417 improved plasma glucose, plasma insulin, pancreatic insulin content, lipid profiles, and increased pancreatic insulin and pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX-1) mRNA levels. These data demonstrate that novel GPR119 agonist AS1907417 not only effectively controls glucose levels, but also preserves pancreatic β-cell function. We therefore propose that AS1907417 represents a new type of antihyperglycemic agent with promising potential for the effective treatment of type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan. shigeru.yoshida@jp.astellas.com
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yonetoku
authors.forename: Takahide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003499:Cyclic S-Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019610:Cytoprotection; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists*
chemical_list: C553501:AS 1907417; D003499:Cyclic S-Oxides; C519854:GPR119 protein, human; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D011743:Pyrimidines; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled