title: GES extended-spectrum β-lactamases in Acinetobacter baumannii isolates in Belgium.
abstract: During a PCR-based surveillance study of β-lactam resistance, 125 multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were obtained from 18 hospitals in Belgium from January 2008 to December 2009. Nine GES-positive A. baumannii isolates were detected at 6 Belgian hospitals. DNA sequencing of the bla(GES) genes identified GES-11, GES-12, and a novel variant GES-14, which differs from GES-11 by a single amino acid substitution (Gly170Ser). All index isolates were travel associated and originated from patients transferred from Turkey (n = 2), Egypt (n = 2), and Palestinian territories (Gaza) (n = 2). A nosocomial outbreak involving three additional patients occurred in a burn unit at a single hospital. No clonal relatedness could be established between the 6 index isolates by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis. Three different alleles (the plasmid-located bla(GES-11) and bla(GES-12) and a likely chromosomally located novel variant bla(GES-14)) were detected as part of a class 1 integron, also including the aac6'Ib and dfrA7 genes. Restriction analysis of plasmids suggests a common origin for the plasmids bearing bla(GES-11) and bla(GES-12). Cloning of the bla(GES) genes in Escherichia coli identified GES-14 as hydrolyzing imipenem, while GES-12 showed the highest specific activity against ceftazidime. This report highlights the emergence of various bla(GES-like) genes, especially those conferring carbapenem resistance in A. baumannii and its importation in Western Europe from Middle Eastern countries.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Cliniques Universitaires UCL de Mont-Godinne, 1 Av. Dr. Gaston Therasse, Yvoir, Belgium. pierre.bogaerts@uclouvain.be
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bogaerts
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naas
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: El Garch
authors.forename: Gaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cuzon
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deplano
authors.forename: Tugba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Delaire
authors.forename: Te-Din
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Benedicte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lissoir
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nordmann
authors.forename: Youri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Glupczynski
mesh_terms: D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001530:Belgium; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; C405902:GES-1 beta-lactamase; D001618:beta-Lactamases
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