title: Inactivation effects of UV irradiation and ozone treatment on the yeast and the mold in mineral water.
abstract: In recent years, bottled mineral water has undergone inactivation by methods other than the traditional heat treatment during the production process; there are fewer reports of the effectiveness of these inactivation methods on yeasts and molds in mineral water than on bacteria and protozoan oocysts. In this study, we evaluated the effects of UV irradiation and ozone treatment compared with heat treatment at 85 degrees C on yeast cells and mold spores inoculated into mineral water. A 5-log reduction occurred at a UV radiation dose of 31,433 microJ/cm2 for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and at 588,285 microJ/cm2 for Penicillium pinophilum. The treatment time for 5-log reduction estimated for UV irradiation was about 0.6 min for S. cerevisiae and about 10.7 min for P. pinophilum; at an ozone concentration of 0.1 ppm, it was 1.75 min for S. cerevisiae and 2.70 min for P. pinophilum, and at a concentration of 0.6 ppm, it was 0.32 min for S. cerevisiae and 0.57 min for P. pinophilum. Comparison of the inactivation effects among the three methods showed that UV irradiation and ozone treatment were less effective than heat treatment at 85 degrees C. Thus, when UV irradiation and ozone treatment are used for inactivation of mineral water, it seems that they need to be combined with heat treatment to achieve a definite effect. Yeast cells are more sensitive to all three inactivation methods than are mold spores, and the sensitivity of yeast cells and mold spores to these inactivation methods may vary among genera.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology, National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1 Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konuma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara-Kudo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takatori
mesh_terms: D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005514:Food Irradiation; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014871:Water Microbiology; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D010126:Ozone