title: Epigallocatechin-3 gallate, a green tea catechin, attenuated the downregulation of the cardiac gap junction induced by high glucose in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The remodeling of cardiac gap junctions has been postulated to contribute to the arrhythmias in a diabetic heart. Epigallocatechin-3 gallate (EGCG), a green tea catechin, has recently been recognized for its protection in cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the effect of EGCG on the possible remodeling of gap junctions under high glucose in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiomyocytes pre-incubated with high glucose (30mM) were co-treated by EGCG. The expression of Connexin43 (Cx43), Cx40 and Cx45 were determined by Western blot and real-time RT-PCR. The function of cells coupling was evaluated by scrape loading dye transfer study. The Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) were quantified by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The protein expression of Cx43 was reduced by high glucose (30mM, 72h). Addition of EGCG to high glucose treated cardiomyocytes attenuated the Cx43 reduction in a dose- and time-dependent manner and also recovered the reduced function of cells coupling. The mRNA or protein level of Cx40 and Cx45 showed no significant change by high glucose (30mM, 72h) or EGCG co-treatment (40microM, 24h). Nor did the Cx43 mRNA level. EGCG (40muM) activated the time-dependent phosphorylated Erk, JNK and p38 MAPK. The p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (10microM), however, attenuated the protective effect of EGCG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGCG could attenuate the downregulation of gap junction induced by high glucose in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. The p38 MAPK pathway was partly involved in this effect of EGCG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yanbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Youqi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shengjie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Guosheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000378:metabolism; D017630:Connexins / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000097003:Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein
chemical_list: D002392:Catechin; D018031:Connexin 43; D017630:Connexins; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D005947:Glucose; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D013662:Tea; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000097003:Gap Junction alpha-5 Protein; C082920:connexin 45; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate