title: A new twist in cellular resistance to the anticancer drug bleomycin-A5.
abstract: Bleomycin is a potent chemotherapeutic agent that can mediate cell killing by attacking the DNA. It is used in combination with other antineoplastic agents to effectively treat lymphomas, testicular carcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix, head and neck. However, resistance to bleomycin remains a persistent limitation in exploiting the full therapeutic benefit of the drug for other types of cancers. Herein, we review recent findings from both yeast and human cells showing that uptake of bleomycin-A5 is a key mechanism that limits toxicity of the drug. We also discuss how the mammalian transporter hCT2 (SLC22A16) could be used to predict the outcome of tumor responses towards bleomycin therapy, and highlight the importance of further exploring this permease with respect to its regulation and pharmacological substrates for treating a wide range of cancers.
authors.affiliation: University of Montreal, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Research Center, 5415, Boul. de l'Assomption, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H1T 2M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Mustapha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aouida
authors.forename: Dindial
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramotar
mesh_terms: D026905:Amino Acid Transport Systems / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D002331:Carnitine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C402286:Agp2 protein, S cerevisiae; D026905:Amino Acid Transport Systems; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins; C467737:SLC22A16 protein, human; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D027981:Symporters; D001761:Bleomycin; C025703:bleomycetin; D002331:Carnitine