title: [Beyond the photodynamic diagnosis: Searching for excellence in the diagnosis of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer].
abstract: Cystoscopy is gold-standard method in non muscule invasive bladder cancer diagnosis. In the cistoscopic exploratión 30% of tumors could be overlooked: it is due to a flat forms, little size tumours or difficult visualization. Photodynamic diagnosis reduces overlooked tumours rate, and has improved diagnosis on flat forms, with the consequence of increasing lap time to recurrence and decreasing the number of iterative cistoscopy; nevertheless the false positive rate is high. In the last years developed new optical devices who try to improve alone or associated diagnostic sensibility in cistoscopy without reduction of specificity. Among new devices we must emphasize some like Narrow Band Imaging, Optical Coherence Tomography or Laser Confocal Endomicroscopy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Hospital Royo Villanova, Zaragoza, España. jolivaencina@ono.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oliva Encina
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marco Valdenebro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pelegrí Gabarró
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rioja Sanz
mesh_terms: D053705:Capsule Endoscopes; D020684:Cystoscopes; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*