title: Systemic hemodynamics in young adults with the metabolic syndrome: the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted the present study to examine associations of three different metabolic syndrome (MetS) definitions and their components to arterial stiffness, systemic vascular resistance, and left ventricular function at population level. In addition, the objective of the study was to examine associations of spontaneous recovery from MetS over 6 years' follow-up to systemic hemodynamics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 1,741 Finnish young adults (aged 30-45 years) who had complete MetS risk factor and hemodynamic data available at 2007. Associations of spontaneous recovery from MetS to systemic hemodynamics was studied on a subpopulation of 1,391 subjects who had also complete MetS risk factor data available at 2001. Hemodynamic measurements were performed using a whole-body impedance cardiography device.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MetS and increasing number of MetS components were associated with lower stroke index (P < 0.001) and higher systemic vascular resistance index (P < 0.005) and arterial pulse wave velocity (P < 0.005). In MetS persistent group, stroke index was lower (P = 0.024), and pulse wave velocity was higher (P = 0.003) compared to MetS recovery group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All current MetS definitions identify young adults with altered systemic hemodynamics, and recovery from MetS is associated with a favorable hemodynamic profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology, University of Tampere and Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Teemu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koivistoinen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aatola
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hutri-Kähönen
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juonala
authors.forename: Jorma S A
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Viikari
authors.forename: Tomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Taittonen
authors.forename: Terho
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehtimäki
authors.forename: Tiit
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kööbi
authors.forename: Olli T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Raitakari
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kähönen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001830:Body Surface Area; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D002307:Cardiography, Impedance; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000502:physiology