Enhancement of HIV-1 Tat fusion protein transduction efficiency by bog blueberry anthocyanins.
Though protein transduction domains (PTDs) are well known for the delivery of exogenous therapeutic proteins into living cells, the overall low efficiency of transduction is a serious obstacle. We investigated the effect of bog blueberry anthocyanins (BBA) on protein transduction efficiency and found that BBA enhanced the transduction efficiencies of Tat-SOD fusion protein into HeLa cells and mice skin. The enzymatic activities in the cells and skin tissue in the presence of BBA were markedly increased compared to controls. Further, BBA did not demonstrate any cell toxicity at various concentrations. Although the mechanism is not fully understood, we suggest that BBA might alter the conformation of the membrane, which would indicate that BBA can be used as a protein transduction enhancer for the efficient delivery of therapeutic proteins for a variety of disorders.
Lee
Sun Hwa
SH
Department of Biomedical Science & Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea.
Jeong
Hoon Jae
HJ
Kim
Dae Won
DW
Sohn
Eun Jeong
EJ
Kim
Mi Jin
MJ
Kim
Duk Soo
DS
Kang
Tae Cheon
TC
Lim
Soon Sung
SS
Kang
Il Jun
IJ
Cho
Sung Woo
SW
Lee
Kil Soo
KS
Park
Jinseu
J
Eum
Won Sik
WS
Choi
Soo Young
SY
D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D029798:Blueberry Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D015497:HIV-1; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D000872:Anthocyanins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus