title: [Diagnosis and surgical treatment of parathyroid carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnosis and surgical treatment of parathyroid carcinoma (PTC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data of 4 PTC cases were analyzed retrospectively. Four patients all had palpable neck mass. Calcium level was (3.25 +/- 0.53) mmol/L, and PTH level was (1210.25 +/- 528.72) ng/L. Frozen section established diagnosis in only one case. Routine histopathology combined with immunohistochemistry established the diagnosis in 3 patients. Parathyroidectomy and ipsilateral subtotal thyroidectomy was performed in 3 patients; endoscopic parathyroidectomy was performed in one patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  They were followed up for 8-60 months, Calcium level and PTH level were normal. No tumor recurrence and metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The diagnosis of PTC is difficult before operation. Routine blood examinations: blood calcium, blood PTH; Imaging examinations: ultrasonography, CT are helpful to diagnosis. Frozen biopsy is not satisfactory. An initial en bloc resection of tumor and adjacent structures contributes most to the prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Renji Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University, China.
authors.forename: Jiarui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jiadong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome