The influence of influenza A (H1N1) virus on creatinine and cystatin C.
BACKGROUND
In March 2009, the novel 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus was first reported in the southwestern USA and Mexico. It rapidly spread to China and worldwide. We investigated possible kidney injury in patients with the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus in China.


METHODS
This study was a retrospective cohort investigation of the potential renal injury in patients of influenza. One hundred and seventy-two patients confirmed to have the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus but who had different levels of severity (non-severe, severe, and critically severe) and 21 cases who were influenza A (H1N1)-negative but who had an influenza-like illness were investigated. Blood samples were obtained for the measurement of creatinine (Cr) and cystatin C (Cy-C).


RESULTS
The influenza A (H1N1) virus caused more illness in middle-aged people in all groups. The patients in the non-severe group were younger than those in the severe group (p<0.05) and the non-influenza A (H1N1) group (p<0.01). Four subjects in the critically severe group died (3 due to respiratory failure, 1 heart injury). A significant difference in the levels of Cr and Cy-C between the groups was not observed (p>0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus did not cause severe kidney injury in the acute phase in adult patients.
Guo
Zhidong
Z
Department of Emergency, First People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.
Wang
Qiqi
Q
Wu
Zhangying
Z
Zhu
Jianhua
J
Qiu
Yuangang
Y
Zheng
Liangrong
L
Qiu
Lifeng
L
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D003404:Creatinine / Q000378:metabolism*; D055316:Cystatin C / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000502:physiology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D055316:Cystatin C; D003404:Creatinine