Regional muscle and whole-body composition factors related to mobility in older individuals: a review.
OBJECTIVE
To describe previously reported locomotor muscle and whole-body composition factors related to mobility in older individuals.


METHODS
A narrative review of the literature, including a combination of search terms related to muscle and whole-body composition factors and to mobility in older individuals, was carried out. Statistical measures of association and risk were consolidated to summarize the common effects between studies.


RESULTS
Fifty-three studies were reviewed. Muscle and whole-body factors accounted for a substantial amount of the variability in walking speed, with coefficients of determination ranging from 0.30 to 0.47. Muscle power consistently accounted for a greater percentage of the variance in mobility than did strength. Risks associated with high fat mass presented a minimum odds ratio (OR) of 0.70 and a maximum OR of 4.07, while the minimum and maximum ORs associated with low lean mass were 0.87 and 2.30 respectively. Whole-body and regional fat deposits accounted for significant amounts of the variance in mobility.


CONCLUSIONS
Muscle power accounts for a greater amount of the variance in the level of mobility in older individuals than does muscle strength. Whole-body fat accounts for a greater amount of the variance in level of mobility than does whole-body lean tissue. Fat stored within muscle also appears to increase the risk of a mobility limitation in older individuals.
Kidde
Jason
J
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Marcus
Robin
R
Dibble
Lee
L
Smith
Sheldon
S
Lastayo
Paul
P
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