Influence of spring and autumn phenological transitions on forest ecosystem productivity.
We use eddy covariance measurements of net ecosystem productivity (NEP) from 21 FLUXNET sites (153 site-years of data) to investigate relationships between phenology and productivity (in terms of both NEP and gross ecosystem photosynthesis, GEP) in temperate and boreal forests. Results are used to evaluate the plausibility of four different conceptual models. Phenological indicators were derived from the eddy covariance time series, and from remote sensing and models. We examine spatial patterns (across sites) and temporal patterns (across years); an important conclusion is that it is likely that neither of these accurately represents how productivity will respond to future phenological shifts resulting from ongoing climate change. In spring and autumn, increased GEP resulting from an 'extra' day tends to be offset by concurrent, but smaller, increases in ecosystem respiration, and thus the effect on NEP is still positive. Spring productivity anomalies appear to have carry-over effects that translate to productivity anomalies in the following autumn, but it is not clear that these result directly from phenological anomalies. Finally, the productivity of evergreen needleleaf forests is less sensitive to phenology than is productivity of deciduous broadleaf forests. This has implications for how climate change may drive shifts in competition within mixed-species stands.
Richardson
Andrew D
AD
Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA. arichardson@oeb.harvard.edu
Black
T Andy
TA
Ciais
Philippe
P
Delbart
Nicolas
N
Friedl
Mark A
MA
Gobron
Nadine
N
Hollinger
David Y
DY
Kutsch
Werner L
WL
Longdoz
Bernard
B
Luyssaert
Sebastiaan
S
Migliavacca
Mirco
M
Montagnani
Leonardo
L
Munger
J William
JW
Moors
Eddy
E
Piao
Shilong
S
Rebmann
Corinna
C
Reichstein
Markus
M
Saigusa
Nobuko
N
Tomelleri
Enrico
E
Vargas
Rodrigo
R
Varlagin
Andrej
A
D002170:Canada; D057231:Climate Change; D017753:Ecosystem; D008954:Models, Biological; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D012621:Seasons; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014197:Trees / Q000254:growth & development*
Tree Physiol. 2009 Mar;29(3):321-31
19203967
Oecologia. 2009 Oct;161(4):729-45
19653008
Int J Biometeorol. 2004 Feb;48(3):109-18
14564495
Tree Physiol. 2005 Jun;25(6):641-50
15805084
Ecol Appl. 2009 Sep;19(6):1417-28
19769091
Trends Ecol Evol. 2007 Jul;22(7):357-65
17478009
New Phytol. 2001 Mar;149(3):369-399
33873342
Science. 2009 May 15;324(5929):887-8
19443770
Oecologia. 2005 Nov;146(1):130-47
16091970
Int J Biometeorol. 1999 Feb;42(3):139-45
10083835
Oecologia. 2007 Feb;151(1):54-68
17013598
Tree Physiol. 2004 Sep;24(9):1069-71
15234905
Ecol Appl. 1992 Nov;2(4):397-403
27759270
Tree Physiol. 2005 Jul;25(7):813-23
15870051
Oecologia. 1977 Sep;30(3):239-248
28309344
Int J Biometeorol. 2000 Aug;44(2):67-75
10993560
Nature. 2008 Jan 3;451(7174):49-52
18172494