title: Inhibitory Smad proteins promote the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into ependymal-like ciliated cells.
abstract: Motile cilia play crucial roles in the maintenance of homeostasis in vivo. Defects in the biosynthesis of cilia cause immotile cilia syndrome, also known as primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), which is associated with a variety of complex diseases. In this study, we found that inhibitory Smad proteins, Smad7 and Smad6, significantly promoted the differentiation of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells into ciliated cells. Moreover, these Smad proteins specifically induced morphologically distinct Musashi1-positive ciliated cells. These results suggest that inhibitory Smad proteins could be important regulators not only for the regulation of ciliated cell differentiation, but also for the subtype specification of ciliated cells during differentiation from mouse ES cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurisaki
authors.forename: Mio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnuma
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komazaki
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishiura
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D004805:Ependyma / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D051905:Smad6 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051905:Smad6 Protein; C497803:Smad6 protein, mouse; D051906:Smad7 Protein; C497807:Smad7 protein, mouse