title: The insulin sensitivity response is determined by the interaction between the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene and dietary fat.
abstract: METHODS
  Insulin resistance, a condition associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus, results from the interaction of environmental and genetic factors. The aim of this study was to explore the influence of the G972R polymorphism at the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene on insulin sensitivity in a healthy young population. Furthermore, we examined whether the presence of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP; GR or GG) interacts with dietary fat to modulate insulin sensitivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine healthy volunteers consumed three diets during 4 wk each following a randomized crossover design: a saturated fatty acid diet, a low-fat and high carbohydrate (CHO) diet or a MUFA diet. For each diet, we investigated peripheral insulin sensitivity with the insulin suppression test. Steady-state plasma glucose and plasma-free fatty acids concentrations were significantly lower in GR subjects after the intake of a CHO diet, than did homozygous GG subjects (p<0.05). However, no differences were observed after consuming the two other diets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin sensitivity increased in GR subjects for the G972R polymorphism at the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene locus, after intake of a CHO diet. Increased knowledge of how these and other genes influence insulin sensitivity should increase the understanding of personalized nutrition.
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Atherosclerosis Unit, Instituto Maimónides de Investigación Biomédica de Córdoba (IMIBIC)/Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía/Universidad de Córdoba and Ciber Fisiopatologia Obesidad y Nutricion, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martínez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delgado-Lista
authors.forename: Purificación
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Elena María
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Yubero-Serrano
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Ríos
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jiménez
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Miranda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D056726:Genetic Association Studies; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D013030:Spain; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; C526292:IRS1 protein, human; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; C030104:lipoprotein cholesterol; D002784:Cholesterol