title: Milliliter-scale stirred tank reactors for the cultivation of microorganisms.
abstract: This review focuses on recent developments in the field of miniaturized stirred tank bioreactors for application in high-throughput bioprocess development. Different reactor concepts and their potential for parallel bioprocess development are discussed. A detailed description of important engineering state variables, their measurement at small-scale and their implication for scale-up and scale-down of bioprocesses are given. Examples of two different parallel cultivations at small-scale are presented: one with Escherichia coli and the other one with the filamentous microorganism Streptomyces tendae. It is shown that results obtained in parallelized milliliter-scale stirred tank reactors can be scaled up to the laboratory- and/or pilot-scale in a highly reliable manner. This helps to reduce development times for bioprocesses significantly. Finally, directions for future research are presented.
authors.affiliation: Institute Biochemical Engineering, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hortsch
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weuster-Botz
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development*; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008828:Microbiological Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen