title: The use of autologous dermis grafts for the reconstruction of the anophthalmic socket.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The main objectives of enucleation, evisceration or secondary orbital implants are to replace orbital volume and obtain good motility and adaptation of the implant and the external prosthesis. We describe our experience using autologous dermis graft sutured to Tenon and conjunctiva following evisceration, enucleation and any reconstruction requiring either a primary or secondary orbital implant, even those with large tissue loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case series of patients who received an autologous dermis graft to assist in closure of a Tenon's capsule and conjunctiva at the time of placement of secondary orbital implants or evisceration or enucleation with fornices retraction or tension in tissues. We also describe how and from where to take the dermis graft.
  
  
  RESULTS
  72 patients were included and all received orbital porous polyethylene implants: 28 patients had secondary orbital implants, 36 patients had evisceration and 8 patients had enucleation. Implant size was 20 mm in most cases, but went to 22 mm. Follow-up ranged from 3 to 36 months. No intraoperative complications were observed in donor or receptor area. 8 cases had incipient ischemia of the dermis graft, but were treated and resolved with autologous serum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implant exposure is due to bad surgical technique, an inadequate implant size or excessive tension on the suture. Dermis autologous graft allows moving the orbital implant anteriorly because it replaces surface to suture Tenon and conjunctiva without tension, so a good adaptation of a thinner external prosthesis is possible, resulting in better motility.
authors.affiliation: Hospital 12 de Octubre, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bengoa-González
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dolores Lago-Llinás
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín-Clavijo
authors.forename: See
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ling-Tan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000853:Anophthalmos / Q000601:surgery; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004954:Esthetics; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D017234:Eye Evisceration; D005137:Eye, Artificial; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery*; D020273:Orbital Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult