title: [A prospective comparison between surgery alone and postoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) as a multimodality treatment option for locally advanced thoracic esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) by a prospective comparison between surgery alone and postoperative CRT.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using preoperative computed tomography (CT)-based staging criteria, 158 patients with ESCC (stage II-III) were enrolled in this prospective study. With informed consent, the patients were randomized into two groups: postoperative CRT (78 cases) and surgery alone (S, 80 cases). After a few minor adjustments to the enrolled patients, the actual patients of postoperative CRT group and S group were 74 cases and 77 cases, respectively. Comparison of the complications, local recurrence rate, distant metastasis rate, survival rate and progression-free survival in the two groups was carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a median follow-up of 37.5 months, the 1-, 3-, 5-, 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 91.0%, 62.8%, 42.3%, 24.4% and 87.5%, 51.3%, 33.8%, 12.5% for the postoperative CRT and S arm, respectively. A significant difference in OS was detected between the two arms (P = 0.0276). There was a significant difference of progression-free survival (PFS) between the two arms (P = 0.0136). The local recurrence rates in the postoperative CRT group and S group were 14.9% and 36.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). No significant difference was detected between the complications of the two groups (P > 0.05). Toxicities of chemoradiotherapy in the postoperative CRT arm were moderate, which can be relieved rapidly by adequate therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rational application of postoperative chemoradiotherapy can provide a benefit in progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Oncology Center of Nanjing First Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China. cxf551101@sina.com
authors.forename: Xiu-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hong-Yin
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bi-Chao
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lü
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Dong-Dong
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin