Cytokine dysregulation in early- and late-term placentas from feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)-infected cats.
OBJECTIVE
Experimental infection of cats with FIV-B-2542 produces high rates of fetal infection and reproductive failure. We hypothesized that dysregulation of placental cytokine expression occurs in FIV-infected queens, and aberrant expression potentiates inflammation and impacts pregnancy outcome. Our purpose was to quantify expression of representative pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12p35, and IL-1β), IL-10 (anti-inflammatory), and the chemokine SDF-1α in early- and late-term placental tissues.


METHODS
Real-time reverse transcriptase PCR was used to measure gene expression in placental tissues.


RESULTS
Increased expression of IL-6 and IL-12p35 and decreased expression of IL-10 occurred in FIV-infected tissues at early pregnancy; at late gestation, IL-6 expression increased and IL-1β and SDF-1α decreased. At late pregnancy, IL-6 expression positively correlated with FIV load. IL-12:IL-10 ratios were higher in infected tissues at early, but not late pregnancy. Fetal non-viability accompanied decreased IL-12p35 and SDF-1α expression at both stages and decreased IL-12:IL-10 ratio at late pregnancy.


CONCLUSIONS
FIV infection caused a pro-inflammatory placental microenvironment at early, but not late pregnancy.
Scott
Veronica L
VL
Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, MS 39762, USA.
Boudreaux
Crystal E
CE
Lockett
Nikki N
NN
Clay
Brittany T
BT
Coats
Karen S
KS
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016181:Feline Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007249:Inflammation; D010920:Placenta / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D016207:Cytokines
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