title: The classical drug discovery approach to defining bioactive constituents of botanicals.
abstract: In this review, several recently identified biologically active principles of selected botanical dietary supplement ingredients are described, and were isolated using classical phytochemical chromatographic methods, with various spectroscopic procedures used for their isolation and structure elucidation. A central component of such an approach is "activity-guided fractionation" to monitor the compound purification process. In vitro assays germane to cancer chemoprevention were used to facilitate the work performed. Bioactive compounds, including several new substances, were characterized from açai (Euterpe oleracea), baobab (Adansonia digitata), licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra), mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana), and noni (Morinda citrifolia). Many of these compounds exhibited quite potent biological activity, but tended to be present in their plant of origin only at low concentration levels.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. kinghorn.4@osu.edu
authors.forename: A Douglas
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kinghorn
authors.forename: Hee-byung
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Chung Ki
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D035162:Adansonia / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D028023:Arecaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D029760:Garcinia / Q000737:chemistry; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D032066:Morinda / Q000737:chemistry; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000975:Antioxidants; D028321:Plant Preparations