title: Combination therapy with sorafenib and S-1 for renal cell carcinoma producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
abstract: We present the first case report of the use of sorafenib and S-1 for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). This entity is clinically rare and has a poor outcome. A 78-year-old Japanese man presented with macrohematuria, left flank pain, and a palpable mass. Laboratory data showed marked leukocytosis with increased serum and urinary G-CSF. The histopathological diagnosis was unclassified RCC. New combination therapy with sorafenib and S-1 exerted a therapeutic effect and apparently decreased serum and urinary G-CSF levels, although the patient died of gastrointestinal perforation. The use of combined sorafenib and S-1 may be worthy of consideration in the treatment of RCC producing G-CSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Higashi-ku, Handayama, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kyono
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Mana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mugiya
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozono
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007964:Leukocytosis; D008297:Male; D018447:Medical Futility; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077157:Sorafenib; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D009536:Niacinamide; D010094:Oxonic Acid; D000077157:Sorafenib