Brain ingress of regulatory T cells in a murine model of HIV-1 encephalitis.
CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells (Treg) transform the HIV-1 infected macrophage from a neurotoxic to a neuroprotective phenotype. This was demonstrated previously in a murine model of HIV-1 encephalitis induced by intracranial injection of HIV-1/vesicular stomatitis virus-infected bone marrow macrophages. In this report, relationships between Treg ingress of end organ tissues, notably the brain, and neuroprotection were investigated. Treg from EGFP-transgenic donor mice were expanded, labeled with indium-111, and adoptively transferred. Treg distribution was assayed by single photon emission computed tomography and immunohistochemistry. Treg readily migrated across the blood brain barrier and were retained within virus-induced neuroinflammatory sites. In non-inflamed peripheral tissues (liver and spleen) Treg were depleted. These observations demonstrate that Treg migrate to sites of inflammation where they modulate immune responses.
Gong
Nan
N
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Liu
Jianuo
J
Reynolds
Ashley D
AD
Gorantla
Santhi
S
Mosley
R Lee
RL
Gendelman
Howard E
HE
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002469:Cell Separation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D015497:HIV-1; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon