title: Bacillus thermolactis sp. nov., isolated from dairy farms, and emended description of Bacillus thermoamylovorans.
abstract: A polyphasic taxonomic study was performed on 22 thermotolerant, aerobic, endospore-forming bacteria from dairy environments. Seventeen isolates were retrieved from raw milk, one from a filter cloth and four from grass, straw or milking equipment. These latter four isolates (R-6546, R-7499, R-7764 and R-7440) were identified as Bacillus thermoamylovorans based on DNA-DNA hybridizations (values above 70 % with Bacillus thermoamylovorans LMG 18084(T)) but showed discrepancies in characteristics with the original species description, so an emended description of this species is given. According to 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, the remaining 18 isolates (R-6488(T), R-28193, R-6491, R-6492, R-7336, R-33367, R-6486, R-6770, R-31288, R-28160, R-26358, R-7632, R-26955, R-26950, R-33520, R-6484, R-26954 and R-7165) represented one single species, most closely related to Bacillus thermoamylovorans (93.9 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), for which the name Bacillus thermolactis is proposed. Cells were Gram-stain-positive, facultatively anaerobic, endospore-forming rods that grew optimally at 40-50 °C. The cell wall peptidoglycan type of strain R-6488(T), the proposed type strain, was A1γ based on meso-diaminopimelic acid. Major fatty acids of the strains were C(16 : 0) (28.0 %), iso-C(16 : 0) (12.1 %) and iso-C(15 : 0) (12.0 %). MK-7 was the predominant menaquinone, and major polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and some unidentified phospholipids. DNA G+C content was 35.0 mol%. Phenotypic properties allowed discrimination from other thermotolerant species of the genus Bacillus and supported the description of the novel species Bacillus thermolactis, with strain R-6488(T) ( = LMG 25569(T)  = DSM 23332(T)) as the proposed type strain.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology (LM-UGent), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.|Laboratory of Biochemistry and Brewing, Faculty of Applied Engineering Sciences, University College Ghent, Schoonmeerstraat 52, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: An
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coorevits
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
authors.forename: Niall A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Logan
authors.affiliation: Campden BRI, Chipping Campden, Gloucestershire GL55 6LD, UK.
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Dinsdale
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow G4 0BA, UK.
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Halket
authors.affiliation: Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Technology and Food Unit, Food Safety, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
authors.forename: Patsy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheldeman
authors.affiliation: Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research, Technology and Food Unit, Food Safety, Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heyndrickx
authors.affiliation: DSMZ German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, Inhoffenstr. 7B, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schumann
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology (LM-UGent), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.|Laboratory of Biochemistry and Brewing, Faculty of Applied Engineering Sciences, University College Ghent, Schoonmeerstraat 52, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Landschoot
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbiology (LM-UGent), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, K.L. Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Vos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S