title: Perioperative surgical findings in congenital and acquired undescended testis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Perioperative surgical findings in congenital and acquired undescended testis (UDT) were prospectively assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included all boys with congenital or acquired UDT who underwent orchidopexy at our hospital between January 2006 and August 2009. Perioperatively, we scored the position and volume of the testis, the insertion of the gubernaculum, the patency of the processus vaginalis, and the obtained position.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 69 boys (aged 0.9-14.6 years) with 76 congenital UDT and 28 boys (aged 2.2-18.5 years) with 30 acquired UDT. In the congenital group, the testis was in intracanalicular position in 55 cases (72%), whereas in the acquired UDT group, this was in 11 cases (37%; P < .001). The insertion of the gubernaculum was at the bottom of the scrotum in 13 cases (17%) of the congenital UDT group and in 12 cases (40%) of the acquired UDT group (P < .05). The processus vaginalis was open in 63 cases (83%) of the congenital and in 9 cases (30%) of the acquired UDT group (P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to congenital UDT, acquired UDT are more likely to be situated in the superficial inguinal pouch, to have a normal insertion of the gubernaculums, and to have a closed processus vaginalis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Medical Center Alkmaar, Alkmaar 1815 JD, The Netherlands. adevries@mca.nl
authors.forename: Annebeth
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meij-de Vries
authors.forename: Wilfried W M
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.forename: Hugo A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Heij
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Meijer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies