NF-κB and innate immunity.
Members of the NF-κB transcription factor family play a critical role in the development of innate immunity. Upon recognition of pathogen infections or tissue damage, the NF-κB pathway is strongly activated by cellular pattern recognition receptors, including Toll-like receptors and multiple cytosolic receptors such as RIG-I-like helicases and NOD family proteins. NF-κB is required not only for the expression, but also for subsequent signal transduction of numerous downstream cytokines. NF-κB-responsive genes affect a diverse array of cellular processes including apoptosis and cell survival, and often directly control the course of a pathogen infection. In this review, we will examine signaling pathways leading to NF-κB activation during the innate immune response and mechanisms of pathogen-modulation of these pathways; the specifics of NF-κB-dependent gene programs, and the physiological consequences for the immune system caused by the absence of individual NF-κB subunits.
Dev
Anurupa
A
Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, 615 Charles Young Dr S., 210A BSRB, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Iyer
Shankar
S
Razani
Bahram
B
Cheng
Genhong
G
D000818:Animals; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40 / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D055503:Protein Multimerization; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000502:physiology
D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D016328:NF-kappa B; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D016899:Interferon-beta