title: A pilot efficacy and tolerability trial of memantine for essential tremor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the potential efficacy and tolerance of memantine for essential tremor in an open-treatment trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants with upper-limb tremor were titrated to no more than 40 mg/d memantine, as monotherapy or as adjunct to stable antitremor medication, followed by a 12-week extension phase. Tremor was assessed in study 1 with accelerometry and in study 2 by blinded ratings of videotaped Washington Heights Inwood Genetic Essential Tremor (WHIGET) rating scale items. Subjects also rated their tremor treatment response and tremor-associated impairment on the Functional Disabilities scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In study 1, average accelerometry-measured tremor at last titration visit (average dose, 30.3 mg/d) did not change from baseline, but 2 of 9 subjects, taking 40 mg/d, had greater than 70% accelerometry tremor reduction. In study 2, 13 of 16 provided evaluable data. Average blinded rater-evaluated WHIGET scores were significantly different from baseline scores among those taking 20 mg/d (-12.7%; P < 0.05), but not at last titration visit (-8.4%; average dose, 30.4 mg/d), 40 mg/d (-14.1%), or at end-of-extension visit (-18.2%). Raters judged WHIGET scores as greater than 30% improved in 2 subjects. Unblinded subjects rated Functional Disabilities significantly improved at 30 to 40 but not at 10 to 20 mg/d, and tremor treatment response was positive at all doses. Adverse events were more common at higher doses and included dizziness, somnolence, and poor energy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These pilot results with small samples indicate that the average effect of memantine on tremor is mild or not significant. However, in a small subset of patients, memantine may confer meaningful tremor benefit.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Department, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Handforth
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bordelon
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Frucht
authors.forename: Arnulfo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quesada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D020329:Essential Tremor / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008559:Memantine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D008559:Memantine