title: Experimental femtosecond laser-assisted nanosurgery of anterior lens capsule.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate femtosecond laser-assisted nanosurgery of the anterior lens capsule in a prospective in vitro study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight anterior lens capsules obtained during conventional phaco surgery were irradiated with a nonamplified 80-MHz near-infrared 800-nm titanium:sapphire femtosecond laser. Line intratissue laser cuts were examined by femtosecond multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MLSM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Speed parameters of the laser beam, laser ablation time, and pulse power determined the width of the lesions, which ranged from 220±40 nm (SD) to 1.49±0.15 µm. Both MLSM and TEM revealed minimal collateral alterations in the tissue surrounding the laser cuts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonamplified near-infrared femtosecond laser pulses at low pulse energies may be a promising strategy for precise noncontact nanosurgery of the anterior lens capsule with minimal collateral damage to surrounding tissue. High-resolution MLSM offers 3-dimensional, noninvasive, nondestructive imaging at submicrometer resolution within seconds before and after ablation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Hospital, University of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany. doctorop@mail.ru
authors.forename: Sergey G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Toropygin
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Asim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akkaya
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riemann
authors.forename: Berthold
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seitz
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mestres
authors.forename: Klaus W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Ruprecht
authors.forename: Leonie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Troeber
authors.forename: Zisis
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gatzioufas
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: König
mesh_terms: D057866:Anterior Capsule of the Lens / Q000601:surgery* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies