Periodontal regeneration using engineered bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.
Regeneration of lost periodontium is a challenge in that both hard (alveolar bone, cementum) and soft (periodontal ligament) connective tissues need to be restored to their original architecture. Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) appear to be an attractive candidate for connective tissue regeneration. We hypothesized that BM-MSCs are able to sense biological cues from the local microenvironment and organize appropriately to contribute to the regeneration of both soft and hard periodontal connective tissues. To test this hypothesis, we transplanted GFP(+) rat BM-MSCs expanded ex vivo on microcarrier gelatin beads into a surgically created rat periodontal defect. After three weeks, evidence of regeneration of bone, cementum and periodontal ligament was observed in both transplanted and control animals. However, the animals that received BM-MSCs regenerated significantly greater new bone. In addition, the animals that had received the cells and beads transplant had significantly more appropriately orientated periodontal ligament fibers, indicative of functional restoration. Finally, donor-derived BM-MSCs were found integrated in newly formed bone, cementum and periodontal ligament, suggesting that they can directly contribute to the regeneration of cells of these tissues.
Yang
Yi
Y
Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of British Columbia, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z3.
Rossi
Fabio M V
FM
Putnins
Edward E
EE
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D025021:Cementogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D008863:Microspheres; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010519:Periodontium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
D007527:Isoenzymes; D015675:Osteocalcin; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D005780:Gelatin; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase