title: Second-line treatment for non-small-cell lung cancer: one size does not fit all.
abstract: After progression following first-line treatment, many patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still have a good performance status and can be considered for further treatments. Based on 2 randomized phase III trials, docetaxel was the first approved second-line therapy associated with longer survival and better quality of life compared with best supportive care alone and vinorelbine or ifosfamide. Since then, other agents have been approved for the second-line treatment of NSCLC (ie, pemetrexed, erlotinib, and gefitinib). Recently, new molecular-targeted agents are being increasingly considered in this setting, above all, bevacizumab and vandetanib. The discovery and validation of predictive markers of efficacy for both chemotherapy drugs and the new targeted therapies is of primary importance for the selection of second-line treatment for all patients with advanced NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: U.O. Oncologia 2 Universitaria, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Polo Oncologico Area Vasta Nord-Ovest, Istituto Toscano Tumori, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caponi
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vasile
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ginocchi
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tibaldi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borghi
authors.forename: Armida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Incecco
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucchesi
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Caparello
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andreuccetti
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falcone
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D018450:Disease Progression; D000077143:Docetaxel; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D000077156:Gefitinib; D005971:Glutamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006147:Guanine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D000068437:Pemetrexed; D011379:Prognosis; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005971:Glutamates; D011799:Quinazolines; D043823:Taxoids; D000068437:Pemetrexed; D000077143:Docetaxel; D006147:Guanine; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D000077156:Gefitinib