Deep, big, simple neural nets for handwritten digit recognition.
Good old online backpropagation for plain multilayer perceptrons yields a very low 0.35% error rate on the MNIST handwritten digits benchmark. All we need to achieve this best result so far are many hidden layers, many neurons per layer, numerous deformed training images to avoid overfitting, and graphics cards to greatly speed up learning.
Cireşan
Dan Claudiu
DC
IDSIA, 6928 Manno-Lugano, Switzerland. dan@idsia.ch
Meier
Ueli
U
Gambardella
Luca Maria
LM
Schmidhuber
Jürgen
J
D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D006236:Handwriting; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*