title: Evaluation of Qualidem: a dementia-specific quality of life instrument for persons with dementia in residential settings; scalability and reliability of subscales in four Dutch field surveys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the scalability and reliability of Qualidem, a quality of life observation instrument rated by professional caregivers of persons with mild to very severe dementia living in residential settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from four field surveys in the Netherlands were used. The instrument consists of nine subscales for mild to severe dementia; of which six can be applied in very severe dementia. The Mokken scaling model was used to compute scalability and reliability coefficients for each subscale and dementia group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven hundred fifty nine persons with mild to severe dementia and 214 persons with very severe dementia residing in 36 nursing homes and 4 homes for the elderly were included. In general, the subscales for the mild to severely demented group were scalable and (moderate) sufficiently reliable; the results confirmed the results of previous research to develop Qualidem. For the very severe demented group, four out of six subscales were scalable (Care relationship, H = 0.56; Positive affect, H = 0.55; Restless tense behavior, H = 0.42; and Social isolation, H = 0.34); they were also sufficiently reliable to measure quality of life (0.57 ≤ ρ ≤ 0.82). From the other two measured subscales, Social relations was considered not scalable (H = 0.26) and Negative affect was scalable (H = 0.36), but insufficiently reliable (ρ = 0.40).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Qualidem is an easy to administer and overall moderately sufficient reliable rating scale that provides a quality of life profile of persons with mild to even very severe dementia living in residential settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A I E
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Bouman
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Ettema
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Wetzels
authors.forename: A P A
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: van Beek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Lange
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dröes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D009735:Nursing Homes; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results