title: Comparison of 18F-Fluoroerythronitroimidazole and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and prognostic value in locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare glucose metabolism and hypoxia using 18F- fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) and 18F-fluoroerythronitroimidazole (18F-FETNIM) positron emission tomography (PET) and investigate their prognostic role on survival in patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with NSCLC were imaged with 18F-FETNIM PET/computed tomography (CT), and 11 cases also with 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging among those with significant 18F-FETNIM uptake, a few days before any chemo/adiation therapy. The maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) was used to depict 18F-FDG uptake, and hypoxic volume (HV) and tumor:blood ratio (T/Bmax) were used to quantify hypoxia. Overall survival (OS) after treatment was selected as the endpoint of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two patients (84.6%) had significant 18F-FETNIM uptake in the primary tumor. The correlations between the overall tumor SUVmax of 18F-FDG and HV, T/Bmax ratio of 18F-FENTIM in 11 patients were small and without significant difference. In univariate analyses, log-rank tests were used to compare Kaplan-Meier survival curves. 18F-FETNIM T/Bmax ratio and HV were strong predictors for OS, and 18F-FDG uptake of the primary lesions did not have a significant relationship with survival. In multivariate survival analysis, only 18F-FETNIM T/Bmax ratio was found to be an independent prognostic factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Imaging using both 18F-FETNIM and 18F-FDG appears to be beneficial in the evaluation of solid tumors. 18F-FETNIM imaging provides us with a valuable method to detect tumor hypoxia and predict OS. These preliminary results warrant validation in larger trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China.
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Guoren
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jinming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D010865:Pilot Projects; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D009593:Nitroimidazoles; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C092114:fluoroerythronitroimidazole; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose