title: CXCR3-B can mediate growth-inhibitory signals in human renal cancer cells by down-regulating the expression of heme oxygenase-1.
abstract: The chemokine receptor CXCR3 may play a critical role in the growth and metastasis of tumor cells, including renal tumors. It has been shown that CXCR3 has two splice variants with completely opposite functions; CXCR3-A promotes cell proliferation, whereas CXCR3-B inhibits cell growth. We recently demonstrated that the expression of growth-promoting CXCR3-A is up-regulated, and the growth-inhibitory CXCR3-B is markedly down-regulated in human renal cancer tissues; and the overexpression of CXCR3-B in renal cancer cells can significantly inhibit cell proliferation. However, the growth-inhibitory signal(s) through CXCR3-B are not well characterized. Here, we investigated the effector molecule(s) involved in CXCR3-B-mediated signaling events. We found that the overexpression of CXCR3-B in human renal cancer cells (Caki-1) promoted cellular apoptosis as observed by FACS analysis through Annexin-V staining. To examine whether the overexpression of CXCR3-B could alter the expression of any apoptosis-related genes in renal cancer cells, we performed a protein array. We found that CXCR3-B overexpression significantly down-regulated the expression of antiapoptotic heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). By utilizing a HO-1 promoter-luciferase plasmid, we showed that CXCR3-B-mediated down-regulation of HO-1 was controlled at the transcriptional level as observed by luciferase assay. We also demonstrated that the inhibition of HO-1 expression using siRNA promoted apoptosis of renal cancer cells. Finally, we observed that human renal cancer tissues expressing low amounts of CXCR3-B significantly overexpress HO-1 at both mRNA and protein level. Together, we suggest that the overexpression of CXCR3-B may prevent the growth of renal tumors through the inhibition of antiapoptotic HO-1.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Dipak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: Pallavi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Waaga-Gasser
authors.forename: Soumitro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pal
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C515187:CXCR3 protein, human; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D008156:Luciferases; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1