title: Comparison of the BioRad Variant and Primus Ultra2 high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) instruments for the detection of variant hemoglobins.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemoglobin variants are a result of genetic changes resulting in abnormal or dys-synchronous hemoglobin chain production (thalassemia) or the generation of hemoglobin chain variants such as hemoglobin S. Automated high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) systems have become the method of choice for the evaluation of patients suspected with hemoglobinopathies.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we evaluated the performance of two HPLC methods used in the detection of common hemoglobin variants: Variant and Ultra2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 377 samples tested, 26% (99/377) with HbS, 8.5% (32/377) with HbC, 20.7% (78/377) with other hemoglobin variant or thalassemia, and 2.9% with increased hemoglobin A(1) c. The interpretations of each chromatograph were compared. There were no differences noted for hemoglobins A(0), S, or C. There were significant differences between HPLC methods for hemoglobins F, A(2), and A(1) c. However, there was good concordance between normal and abnormal interpretations (97.9% and 96.2%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both Variant and Ultra2 HPLC methods were able to detect most common hemoglobin variants. There was better discrimination for fast hemoglobins, between hemoglobins E and A(2), and between hemoglobins S and F using the Ultra2 HPLC method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Davis Health System, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gosselin
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Carlin
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dwyre
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006453:Hemoglobinopathies / Q000175:diagnosis; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins