title: [Inhaled anesthesia through a device for noninvasive continuous positive airway pressure ventilation for upper digestive endoscopy in pediatric patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The demand for sedation for pediatric diagnostic procedures performed outside operating rooms has increased considerably, but the ideal method to choose has been the subject of debate. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of using a device for continuous positive airway pressure, connected to a Mapleson D circuit and a nasopharyngeal tube as the interface, in order to ventilate and administer sevoflurane for upper digestive tract endoscopy in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study of children undergoing upper digestive tract endoscopy. We recorded epidemiologic variables, heart rate, mean arterial pressure, arterial oxygen saturation and procedure-related adverse events before, during and 10 minutes after the procedure. Time spent in the recovery room was also recorded. The endoscopist asked the patients about their level of satisfaction and whether they had noticed any irritating smell or gas smell.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data was collected on 29 patients (17 boys, 12 girls) with a mean (SD) age of 4.2 (3.9) years. The mean duration of endoscopy was 15 (7) minutes. Arterial oxygen saturation below 92% during the procedure did not occur and the endoscopic exploration was completed satisfactorily with this technique in 28 patients (96%). All were discharged from the recovery room within 30 minutes. The endoscopist reported that the technique was considered satisfactory in all cases, although 2 children noted an anesthetic "gas" smell.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A modified Mapleson D circuit and nasopharyngeal tube can be used effectively as an interface for noninvasive ventilation and administration of sevoflurane during upper digestive endoscopy in pediatric patients.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesia-Cuidados Críticos Quirúrrgicos y Unidad del Dolor Pediátrico, Hospital Infantil Universitario La Paz, Madrid. mapalomero@gmail.com
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Palomero Rodríguez
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanabria Carretero
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Laporta Báez
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sánchez Conde
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Melo Villalba
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbero Reinoso
mesh_terms: D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000295:instrumentation; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies