title: Reduction of immune activation with chloroquine therapy during chronic HIV infection.
abstract: Increased levels of activated T cells are a hallmark of the chronic stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and are highly correlated with HIV disease progression. We evaluated chloroquine (CQ) as a potential therapy to reduce immune activation during HIV infection. We found that the frequency of CD38(+) HLA-DR(+) CD8 T cells, as well as Ki-67 expression in CD8 and CD4 T cells, was significantly reduced during CQ treatment. Our data indicate that treatment with CQ reduces systemic T-cell immune activation and, thus, that its use may be beneficial for certain groups of HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: Human Immunology Section, NIH Vaccine Research Center, Bethesda, MD 20892-3005, USA.
authors.forename: Shannon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Carrie M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Down
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Boulware
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.forename: Winston P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Cavert
authors.forename: Timothy W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Schacker
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brenchley
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Douek
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000628:therapy; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D002738:Chloroquine