title: Transcriptional profiling of ErbB signalling in mammary luminal epithelial cells--interplay of ErbB and IGF1 signalling through IGFBP3 regulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Members of the ErbB family of growth factor receptors are intricately linked with epithelial cell biology, development and tumourigenesis; however, the mechanisms involved in their downstream signalling are poorly understood. Indeed, it is unclear how signal specificity is achieved and the relative contribution each receptor has to specific gene expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene expression profiling of a human mammary luminal epithelial cell model of ErbB2-overexpression was carried out using cDNA microarrays with a common RNA reference approach to examine long-term overlapping and differential responses to EGF and heregulin beta1 treatment in the context of ErbB2 overexpression. Altered gene expression was validated using quantitative real time PCR and/or immunoblotting. One gene of interest was targeted for further characterisation, where the effects of siRNA-mediated silencing on IGF1-dependent signalling and cellular phenotype were examined and compared to the effects of loss of ErbB2 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  775 genes were differentially expressed and clustered in terms of their growth factor responsiveness. As well as identifying uncharacterized genes as novel targets of ErbB2-dependent signalling, ErbB2 overexpression augmented the induction of multiple genes involved in proliferation (e.g. MYC, MAP2K1, MAP2K3), autocrine growth factor signalling (VEGF, PDGF) and adhesion/cytoskeletal regulation (ZYX, THBS1, VCL, CNN3, ITGA2, ITGA3, NEDD9, TAGLN), linking them to the hyper-poliferative and altered adhesive phenotype of the ErbB2-overexpressing cells. We also report ErbB2-dependent down-regulation of multiple interferon-stimulated genes that may permit ErbB2-overexpressing cells to resist the anti-proliferative action of interferons. Finally, IGFBP3 was unique in its pattern of regulation and we further investigated a possible role for IGFBP3 down-regulation in ErbB2-dependent transformation through suppressed IGF1 signalling. We show that IGF1-dependent signalling and proliferation were enhanced in ErbB2-overexpressing cells, whilst loss of ErbB2 expression by siRNA silencing reduced IGF1 signalling. Furthermore, IGFBP3 knockdown resulted in basal ERK and Akt activation in luminal epithelial cells and increased invasiveness and anchorage-independent colony formation in SKBR3 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data show IGFBP3 as a negative regulator of transformation and that its down-regulation enhances IGF1-dependent signalling. They also show that ErbB2 can up-regulate IGF1-dependent signalling, possibly via the regulated expression of IGFBP3.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Proteomics Laboratory, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, Cruciform Building, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Worthington
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertani
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Bertran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gerrits
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Timms
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020890:Neuregulin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D020890:Neuregulin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C515497:IGFBP3 protein, human; C087230:heregulin beta1