title: [Bone morphogenetic protein expression in distraction osteogenesis correction for cleft palate in Rhesus monkeys].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the expression and distribution of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in newly formed bone by distraction osteogenesis (DO), and to explore the mechanism of the DO bone formation and remodeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cleft palate (CP) experimental animal models (23 Rhesus monkeys) were established surgically. In experimental group (21 Rhesus monkeys), the palatal defects were corrected by means of DO at the rhythm of 0.4 mm twice per day. The specimens were retrieved under euthanasia at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 weeks intervals respectively in retention period. BMP immunohistochemical study was then performed. The blank control and experimental group (each of 2 animals) were set for comparison study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The immunohistochemical study showed that BMP existed mainly in cytoplasma of osteoblasts, during the process of new bone formation. In early stage of 1 or 2 weeks, abundant osteoblasts aggregating on surfaces of the new bone trabeculae with positive DAB dye were observed. Through 4 to 6 weeks, the proliferative osteoblasts with very strong positive DAB dye indicating BMP expression were recorded. From 8 to 12 weeks, the expression of BMP and quantity of osteoblasts decreased gradually while more matured new bone structures were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During the whole retention period, the expression of BMP showed a tendency from weak to strong and then to final cessation, this indicated a process of formation, remodeling and maturation of osteogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hong-jie
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan-shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhi-qi
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins