title: Mycobacterium shinjukuense sp. nov., a slowly growing, non-chromogenic species isolated from human clinical specimens.
abstract: Seven isolates of a slowly growing, non-chromogenic Mycobacterium species were obtained from sputum and bronchial lavage fluid samples from elderly patients in different regions of Japan. These isolates were distinguished from related non-tuberculous species by colony morphology, positive results for Tween hydrolysis, catalase at 68 °C, nitrate reductase and pyrazinamidase and negative results for semi-quantitative catalase, urease and arylsulfatase. The mycolic acid pattern obtained by HPLC revealed a single cluster of late-eluting mycolic acids similar to but different from those of Mycobacterium malmoense ATCC 29571(T). The 16S rRNA gene, 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS), rpoB and hsp65 sequences were unique in comparison with those of other mycobacteria. Comparison of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolates were most closely related to Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv(T) (21 base differences in 1508 bp; 98.6 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). A representative strain, GTC 2738(T), showed 91.9 % rpoB sequence similarity with Mycobacterium marinum strain M, 95 % hsp65 sequence similarity with Mycobacterium kansasii CIP 104589(T) and 81.1 % 16S-23S ITS sequence similarity with Mycobacterium gordonae ATCC 14470(T). Phylogenetic analysis of concatenated sequences of the 16S rRNA, rpoB and hsp65 genes showed that strain GTC 2738(T) was located on a distinct clade adjacent to M. tuberculosis, M. ulcerans and M. marinum, with bootstrap values of 81 %. DNA-DNA hybridization demonstrated less than 70 % reassociation with type strains of genetically related species and supported the novel species status of the isolates. On the basis of this evidence, a novel species with the name Mycobacterium shinjukuense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain, isolated from a sputum sample, is strain GTC 2738(T)( = JCM 14233(T) = CCUG 53584(T)).
authors.affiliation: Hiroshima Environment & Health Association, Health Science Center, Hiroshima City, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Kobe Institute of Health, Kobe City, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomotada
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyofumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohkusu
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kameda Medical Center, Chiba City, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.affiliation: Center for Respiratory Diseases, Hokkaido Social Insurance Hospital, Sapporo City, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Nagoya City University Hospital, Nagoya City, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Mie University, Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, Chikugo City Hospital, Chikugo City, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sueyasu
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, National Hospital Organization, Tokyo National Hospital, Kiyose City, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawabe
authors.affiliation: Kumamoto Onjaku Hospital, Misato Town, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Regeneration and Advanced Medical Science, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu City, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ezaki
authors.affiliation: Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S