title: Onset and duration of symptoms and timing of disease transmission of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) in an outbreak in Fukuoka, Japan, June 2009.
abstract: The first confirmed case of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) in Fukuoka, Japan was reported in early-June 2009. The disease rapidly spread through this area, mainly in schools, until there were no new cases detected 3 weeks later. We describe herein the clinical characteristics of this novel infection that came to light through the investigation of this outbreak. The patient records at hospitals and local public health centers were reviewed, and we defined laboratory-confirmed cases as those of a person who had influenza-like symptoms, such as a fever of 37C or more, cough, sore throat, rhinorrhea, or headache. From May 19 to June 31, 2009, a total of 71 cases were identified. The median age was 11 years, and all the patient took neuraminidase inhibitors and fully recovered. The fevers lasted for 1 to 5 days (median, 2). Cough lasted for 2 to 11 days (median, 7), and in 10 cases (34.5%) cough started before the fever. The incubation period was 2 to 3 days. Infectors transmitted the disease to another person on the day of or the day before fever onset. The findings regarding the onset and duration of symptoms and the timing of disease transmission of 2009 influenza A (H1N1) may be useful for future response.
authors.affiliation: Field Epidemiology Training Program, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. tack-8@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Tamano
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Kiyosu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Tomonobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okabe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012574:Schools; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents