title: Protective immune responses induced by in ovo immunization with recombinant adenoviruses expressing spike (S1) glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus fused/co-administered with granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor.
abstract: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) causes tremendous economic losses associated with production inefficiencies and mortality in poultry industry worldwide. In the present report, the recombinant adenoviruses expressing chicken granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and S1 gene of nephropathogenic IBV were constructed and characterized. Then, the immunological efficacy and protection against homologous IBV challenge were assessed in specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens. The results showed that the chickens vaccinated in ovo with rAd-S1, rAd-GM-S1 (GM-CSF fused with S1 using glycine linkers) and rAd-GM-CSF plus rAd-S1 (co-administered) developed specific anti-IBV HI antibodies. Moreover, the fusion of the GM-CSF markedly increased spleen cell proliferation and IFN-γ production while mild increased in IL-4 production, which demonstrated the enhancement of cell-mediated immune responses. Following challenge with IBV, the chickens in the group vaccinated with rAd-S1 fused or co-administered with GM-CSF had fewer nephropathic lesions and showed 100% protection as compared to that of rAd-S1 alone which showed 70% protection. It indicated that the single dose in ovo vaccination of the GM-CSF fused or co-administered with S1 of IBV could enhance significantly the humoral, cellular immune responses and provide complete protection against nephropathogenic IBV challenge. This finding may provide basic information for effective in ovo vaccines design against IBV.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Diseases Diagnostic and Immunology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
authors.forename: Basit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zeshan
authors.forename: Muhammad Hassan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mushtaq
authors.forename: Xinglong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenliang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor