title: Low-income African American and non-Hispanic White mothers' self-efficacy, "picky eater" perception, and toddler fruit and vegetable consumption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether and how toddlers' vegetable and fruit consumption is associated with maternal vegetable and fruit consumption, mothers' perceptions of toddlers as "picky eaters," maternal efficacy, and sociodemographic characteristics of the family.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey. One hundred and ninety-nine African American and 200 Non-Hispanic White low-income, mother-toddler dyads enrolled in 8 Early Head Start programs in a Midwestern state.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers completed the Feeding Self-Efficacy Scale, Toddler-Parent Mealtime Behavior Questionnaire, and Mothers' and Toddlers' Food Frequency Questionnaires. Data were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Toddlers were less likely to consume vegetables 4 or more times a week if their mothers: viewed them as "picky eaters" (OR: 2.5), did not consume vegetables 4 or more times a week themselves (OR: 10.1), and were African American (OR: 2.2). Toddlers were less likely to consume fruits 4 or more times a week if their mothers: viewed them as "picky eaters" (OR: 1.6) and did not consume fruit 4 or more times a week (OR: 9.9) themselves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Health professionals need to consider mothers' own consumption of fruits and vegetables when developing strategies to increase toddler consumption of fruits and vegetables.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA. millie@msu.edu
authors.forename: Mildred A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Horodynski
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stommel
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brophy-Herb
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Lorraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weatherspoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012938:Social Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States; D014675:Vegetables; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*