title: Optimization of enzyme extractions for total folate in cereals using response surface methodology.
abstract: The trienzyme digestion including protease, α-amylase, and conjugase (γ-glutamyl hydrolase) for the extraction of total folate from cereal grain products used in AOAC Official Method 2004.05 was optimized using response surface methodology. Digestion times of α-amylase (p < 0.05) and conjugase (p < 0.01) showed significant effects on the response (total folate). Digestion time for Pronase digestion was not significant (p > 0.1). Ridge analysis showed that total times required for the trienzyme digestions ranged from 6.1 h for buckwheat to 8.7 h for CRM 121 (wholemeal flour). The predicted maximal value for CRM 121 (51 μg/100 g) was close to the certified value (50 ± 7 μg/100 g). The optimized extractions for the four cereals suggest that a generalized trienzyme extraction for cereals of 1, 2.5, and 6 h for Pronase, α-amylase, and conjugase, respectively, could be used to approximate total folate in cereals and cereal products. These conditions provide data comparable to AOAC Official Method 2004.05 for the cereals included in this study and would be suitable to approximate total folate in most cereals and cereal products. Compared to the official method, the shortened digestion provides cost savings and minimizes the folate loss possible with prolonged digestions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, The University of Georgia, 100 Cedar Street, Athens, Georgia 30602-7610, USA.
authors.forename: Sungeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Youngmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Junsoo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ronald R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Eitenmiller
mesh_terms: D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011623:gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D011623:gamma-Glutamyl Hydrolase