[Anabolic androgenic steroids in amateur sports in the Netherlands].
In the Netherlands an estimated 20,000 people use anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS). The use of AAS is particularly common in regular visitors to gyms and fitness centres. AAS are usually synthetic derivatives of testosterone with both an anabolic and an androgenic effect. AAS have many side effects like liver damage (oral use) or infections (intramuscular use), which can be explained partly by the androgenic effect and partly by the manner of use. Many of these side effects are only reported in case studies and have not been systematically investigated.
Woerdeman
Jorn
J
VU Medisch Centrum, Amsterdam, afd. Endocrinologie, the Netherlands. jorn.woerdeman@gmail.com
de Hon
Olivier
O
Levi
Marcel
M
de Ronde
W Pim
WP
D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000728:Androgens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000453:epidemiology; D004300:Doping in Sports; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects*; D009426:Netherlands; D012307:Risk Factors; D013177:Sports; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
D045930:Anabolic Agents; D000728:Androgens; D013256:Steroids