title: Isolation of cell-free bacterial inclusion bodies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bacterial inclusion bodies are submicron protein clusters usually found in recombinant bacteria that have been traditionally considered as undesirable products from protein production processes. However, being fully biocompatible, they have been recently characterized as nanoparticulate inert materials useful as scaffolds for tissue engineering, with potentially wider applicability in biomedicine and material sciences. Current protocols for inclusion body isolation from Escherichia coli usually offer between 95 to 99% of protein recovery, what in practical terms, might imply extensive bacterial cell contamination, not compatible with the use of inclusion bodies in biological interfaces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using an appropriate combination of chemical and mechanical cell disruption methods we have established a convenient procedure for the recovery of bacterial inclusion bodies with undetectable levels of viable cell contamination, below 10⁻¹ cfu/ml, keeping the particulate organization of these aggregates regarding size and protein folding features.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The application of the developed protocol allows obtaining bacterial free inclusion bodies suitable for use in mammalian cell cultures and other biological interfaces.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biotecnologia i de Biomedicina and Departament de Genètica i de Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Escarlata
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Carmona
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cano-Garrido
authors.forename: Joaquin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seras-Franzoso
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villaverde
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Fruitós
mesh_terms: D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D009113:Muramidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011312:Pressure; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013010:Sonication; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D009113:Muramidase