title: Urinary ultrasonography in screening incidental renal cell carcinoma: is it obligatory?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the rate of incidental renal carcinoma in patients with no upper urinary tract symptoms (UUTS) or hematuria depending on the sonography reports and medical records of the patients and to determine whether there is a need for routine US screening for RCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the reports of 18.686 consecutive urinary US examinations performed in our department between March 1995 and February 2008. A total of 18.203 urinary US examinations formed the study group. Patients with UUTS, patients with presumed diagnosis of or previously diagnosed renal masses, and patients with hematuria were excluded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 11,654 male and 6,549 female patients with a mean age of 55 years. Ultrasonography revealed incidental solid renal masses in 0.44% of the patients. Seven of the 81 patients with incidentally detected renal masses could not be followed up. Thirty-eight of the remaining 74 patients had masses that were proved to be benign with other imaging techniques. Thirty-six of the 74 patients with preoperative diagnosis of renal tumor underwent surgery, and the histopathological diagnosis was renal cell carcinoma in all patients. One patient expired in the postoperative 18th month due to the progression of the metastatic disease. The rest of the patients with malignant renal tumor are disease free and are still under follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of incidental renal cancer in patients without UUTS is found to be 0.20%. We believe that scanning for incidental renal masses is not obligatory except for the patients with symptoms suggestive of renal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Ufuk University, Mevlana Bulvari No 86-88, Ankara, Balgat, Turkey. ahmethakan75@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Ahmet Hakan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Haliloglu
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gulpinar
authors.forename: Eriz
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: Yasar
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Beduk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography