title: Long-term results of 28 esthesioneuroblastomas managed over 35 years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of our study was to assess the long-term results in the management of patients with esthesioneuroblastoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 28 patients were retrospectively reviewed to analyze their clinical features, treatment outcomes, pattern of failures, and course of the disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients were classified as 2 patients with T1, 10 patients with T2, 10 patients with T3, and 6 patients with T4; the results of all were included in this study. Twenty-six patients underwent surgery and 23 had postoperative radiotherapy over the tumor bed, only 9 had radiotherapy over the nodes. The average follow-up was 99.11 months. Fifteen-year and 20-year disease-specific and disease-free survival rates were 88.6% to 66.4% and 59.6% to 29.8%, respectively. Six patients had recurrences and 60% of them occurred more than 10 years after treatment. In the first decade, nodal recurrences appeared earlier than local ones when patients with N0 did not undergo neck irradiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgery on patients with T presentations and adjuvant radiotherapy on T and N0 neck presentations seem to be essential to treat esthesioneuroblastoma. A follow-up for a minimum of 20 years is necessary to ensure complete cure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Skull Base Surgery, Pellegrin University Hospital, Centre F-X Michelet, place A. Raba-Léon F-33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France. ludovic.de-gabory@chu-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: Ludovic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Gabory
authors.forename: Habib Merza
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Abdulkhaleq
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Darrouzet
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bébéar
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stoll
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult