title: Low doses of bone morphogenetic protein 4 increase the survival of human adipose-derived stem cells maintaining their stemness and multipotency.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have emerged as important tools for cell therapy; therefore, identification of factors capable of governing their ex vivo expansion become essential. In this study we demonstrate that human adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) express all components of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/BMP receptor signaling pathway and respond to BMP4 inducing upregulated expression of its specific target genes Id1-Id4. Moreover, ASCs grown in a medium reduced in serum produce endogenous BMP4 that could affect autocrinely ASC growth. On the contrary, dorsomorphin, an inhibitor of BMP signaling pathway, decreases cell numbers yielded from ASC cultures in correlation with increased apoptosis and decreased cycling cells. Therefore, BMP4 emerges as a possible factor for ex vivo expanding human ASCs. Our results demonstrate that, as other morphogens, BMP4 effects on human MSCs are dose dependent. High doses significantly increased apoptosis and drastically reduced cell proliferation, whereas low doses of BMP4 (0.01-0.1 ng/mL) significantly increase culture cell content, reduce the number of apoptotic cells, and increase that of cycling cells. Further, treatment of human ASCs with low doses of BMP4 does not modify expression of Nanog and Oct4, two transcription factors involved in self-renewal and pluripotency of stem cells or avoid their osteogenic or osteoblastic differentiation capacities when cultured in adequate inducing media, as shown by the induction of specific gene expression (CEBP, PPARγ, and RUNX2). Our results therefore support BMP4 as a promising factor for expanding human adipose tissue-derived MSCs maintaining their properties of stemness and multipotency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain. avicente@bio.ucm.es
authors.forename: María A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vicente López
authors.forename: Miriam N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Vázquez García
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Entrena
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olmedillas Lopez
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Arranz
authors.forename: Damián
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: García-Olmo
authors.forename: Agustin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zapata
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000328:Adult; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D014157:Transcription Factors