title: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Mre11/Rad50/Xrs2 and Ku proteins regulate association of Exo1 and Dna2 with DNA breaks.
abstract: Single-stranded DNA constitutes an important early intermediate for homologous recombination and damage-induced cell cycle checkpoint activation. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, efficient double-strand break (DSB) end resection requires several enzymes; Mre11/Rad50/Xrs2 (MRX) and Sae2 are implicated in the onset of 5'-strand resection, whereas Sgs1/Top3/Rmi1 with Dna2 and Exo1 are involved in extensive resection. However, the molecular events leading to a switch from the MRX/Sae2-dependent initiation to the Exo1- and Dna2-dependent resection remain unclear. Here, we show that MRX recruits Dna2 nuclease to DSB ends. MRX also stimulates recruitment of Exo1 and antagonizes excess binding of the Ku complex to DSB ends. Using resection assay with purified enzymes in vitro, we found that Ku and MRX regulate the nuclease activity of Exo1 in an opposite way. Efficient loading of Dna2 and Exo1 requires neither Sae2 nor Mre11 nuclease activities. However, Mre11 nuclease activity is essential for resection in the absence of extensive resection enzymes. The results provide new insights into how MRX catalyses end resection and recombination initiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Eun Yong
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Woo-Hyun
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nicolette
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Melody
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Zhu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Tanya T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Paull
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ira
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; C086930:RAD50 protein, S cerevisiae; C107849:SAE2 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C086929:XRS2 protein, S cerevisiae; C081647:high affinity DNA-binding factor, S cerevisiae; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D004720:Endonucleases; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; C094191:MRE11 protein, S cerevisiae; C028450:exodeoxyribonuclease I; D004265:DNA Helicases; C410222:DNA2 protein, S cerevisiae