title: Rosuvastatin restored adrenergic and nitrergic function in mesenteric arteries from obese rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity was associated with changed function of components of the mesenteric innervation (adrenergic, sensory and nitrergic), the mechanisms involved and the possible effects of rosuvastatin on these changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. (i) rats fed a standard diet (control group); (ii) rats fed a HFD (33.5% fat) for 7 weeks; and (iii) rats fed a HFD and treated with rosuvastatin (15 mg·kg(-1) ·day(-1) ) for 7 weeks. Segments of isolated mesenteric arteries were exposed to electric field stimulation (EFS) with or without tetrodotoxin, phentolamine, 7-nitroindazole (7NI) or N(ω) nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Noradrenaline, ATP and NO release, and nNOS expression were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EFS induced a greater frequency-dependent contraction in obese than in control rats. In HFD rats, phentolamine reduced contractions elicited by EFS, but noradrenaline release was greater and ATP release decreased. L-NAME and 7NI increased contractions to EFS in segments from control rats, but not in those from HFD rats. NO release and nNOS expression were lower in arterial segments from HFD rats than in control rats. All these changes in HFD rats were reversed by treatment with rosuvastatin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neural control of mesenteric vasomotor tone was altered in HFD rats. Enhanced adrenergic and diminished nitrergic components both contributed to increased vasoconstrictor responses to EFS. All these changes were reversed by rosuvastatin, indicating novel mechanisms of statins in neural regulation of vascular tone.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blanco-Rivero
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: de las Heras
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martín-Fernández
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cachofeiro
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lahera
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balfagón
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D009638:Norepinephrine