title: Multifunctional hybrid three-dimensionally woven scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering.
abstract: The successful replacement of large-scale cartilage defects or osteoarthritic lesions using tissue-engineering approaches will likely require composite biomaterial scaffolds that have biomimetic mechanical properties and can provide cell-instructive cues to control the growth and differentiation of embedded stem or progenitor cells. This study describes a novel method of constructing multifunctional scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering that can provide both mechanical support and biological stimulation to seeded progenitor cells. 3-D woven PCL scaffolds were infiltrated with a slurry of homogenized CDM of porcine origin, seeded with human ASCs, and cultured for up to 42 d under standard growth conditions. These constructs were compared to scaffolds derived solely from CDM as well as 3-D woven PCL fabric without CDM. While all scaffolds promoted a chondrogenic phenotype of the ASCs, CDM scaffolds showed low compressive and shear moduli and contracted significantly during culture. Fiber-reinforced CDM scaffolds and 3-D woven PCL scaffolds maintained their mechanical properties throughout the culture period, while supporting the accumulation of a cartilaginous extracellular matrix. These findings show that fiber-reinforced hybrid scaffolds can be produced with biomimetic mechanical properties as well as the ability to promote ASC differentiation and chondrogenesis in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Biomedical Engineering, Duke University Medical Center, 375 MSRB, Box 3093, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Franklin T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Moutos
authors.forename: Bradley T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Estes
authors.forename: Farshid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guilak
mesh_terms: D052436:Adipose Tissue, White / Q000166:cytology; D000328:Adult; D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002356:Cartilage / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017276:Friction; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010539:Permeability; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D034421:Sus scrofa; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024043:Collagen Type II; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; C013786:A73025; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003094:Collagen; D004247:DNA