Odor representations in the mammalian olfactory bulb.
A first key step in studying a sensory modality is to define how the brain represents the features of the sensory stimulus. This has proven to be a challenge in olfaction, where even the stimulus features have been a matter of considerable debate. In this review, we focus on olfactory representations in the first stage of the olfactory pathway, the olfactory bulb (OB). We examine the diverging viewpoints on spatially organized versus distributed representations. We then consider how odor sampling through respiration is a key part of the odorant code. Finally, we ask how the bulb handles the challenging task of representing mixtures. We suggest that current evidence points toward a representation that is spatially organized at the inputs but later distributed, with the spatial organization not being used for much computation. Nevertheless, this is a simple representation that effectively represents multiple individual odorants, as well as odor mixtures.
Khan
Adil Ghani
AG
National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India.
Parthasarathy
K
K
National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India.
Bhalla
Upinder Singh
US
National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bangalore 560065, Karnataka, India.
D000818:Animals; D008322:Mammals / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009812:Odorants; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D049490:Systems Biology