title: Neuro-ophthalmologic complications and manifestations of upper and lower motor neuron facial paresis.
abstract: The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) courses a long pathway beginning in the precentral gyrus and ending at the facial muscles, lacrimal and salivary glands, and structures of the inner ear. Lesions along this pathway, clinically divided into upper and lower motor neuron lesions, present with unique characteristics that assist the physician in identifying the lesion site. The sequelae particularly of peripheral CN VII palsies, may result in significant and chronic damage to the cornea that may be challenging for the physician and patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology (Division of Neurology), Duke University Eye Center and Duke University Medical Center, DUMC 3802, Durham, NC 27710-3802, USA. tariq.bhatti@duke.edu
authors.forename: M Tariq
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.forename: Jade S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Schiffman
authors.forename: Anastas F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Pass
authors.forename: Rosa A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020330:Bell Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000473:pathology*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000998:Antiviral Agents