title: Apparent diffusion coefficient of line scan diffusion image in normal prostate and prostate cancer--comparison with single-shot echo planner image.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of line scan diffusion images (LSDI) in normal prostate and prostate cancer. Single-shot echo planner images (SS-EPI) were used for comparison.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty prostate tumors were examined by conventional MRI in 14 patients prior to radical prostatectomy. All patients were examined with a 1.5-T MR imager (Signa CV/i ver. 9.1 GE Medical System Milwaukee, WI, USA). Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) using LSDI was performed with a pelvic phased-array coil, with b values of 5 and 800 s/mm². DWI using SS-EPI was performed with a body coil, with b values of 0 and 800 s/mm². The ADCs of each sequence for 14 normal prostate and 20 prostate cancers were histopathologically assessed. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) on DWI was estimated and compared for each sequence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ADCs (±S.D.) of normal peripheral zones (PZ), transition zones (TZ) and cancer (in 10⁻³ mm²/s) that used LSDI were 1.42±0.12, 1.23±0.10 and 0.79±0.19, respectively. Those that used SS-EPI were 1.76±0.26, 1.38±0.20 and 1.05±0.27, respectively. Using unpaired t test (P<.05), we found a significant difference in each sequence between normal tissue (both PZ and TZ) and the cancer. Paired t test (P<.05) also registered a significant difference between LSDI and SS-EPI. Mean SNR for DWI using LSDI was 16.49±5.03, while the DWI using SS-EPI was 18.85±9.26. The difference between the SNR of each sequence was not statistically significant by paired t test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that ADCs using LSDI and SS-EPI showed similar tendencies in the same patients. However, in all regions, LSDI ADCs had smaller standard deviations than SS-EPI ADCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 00693-8501, 89-1 Enya Izumo, Japan. yosizako@med.shimane-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshizako
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagaki
authors.forename: Stephan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Maier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity