title: The influence of gender and of AIDS on the immunity of autopsied patients' esophagus.
abstract: Previous studies have shown that males who have AIDS are more frequently affected by infectious diseases than females. The esophagus is the organ in the digestive tube that is more commonly affected by opportunistic infections during the syndrome. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of AIDS and of gender on local immunity of the esophageal epithelium. Fragments of the esophagus from 29 autopsied women and 37 autopsied men were collected at a university hospital from 1980 to 2009 and were divided in groups with and without AIDS. The IgA-, IgG-, and IgM-positive cells and Langerhans cells (LCs) were immunostained, respectively, with anti-IgA, anti-IgG, anti-IgM, and anti-S100. The software Image J was used to measure the esophageal epithelium and to count the epithelium cellular layers. Patients with AIDS, apart from gender, showed an increase in IgA-, IgG-, and IgM-positive cells and a reduction of Langerhans cells, in thickness and in number of cellular layers in the esophageal epithelium. However, among individuals with AIDS, men presented lower secretory expression of IgA-, IgG-, and IgM-positive cells than women and more intense reduction of LCs. Women have naturally presented better local esophageal immunity than men. Although AIDS possibly causes immunological and morphological alterations in the esophageal epithelium in both genders, women have better esophageal immunity, which may explain a greater frequency of hospital admissions due to infection of men with AIDS when compared with women.
authors.affiliation: General Pathology Division, Triangulo Mineiro Federal University , Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil .
authors.forename: Laura Penna
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Ana Teresa
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: de Melo E Silva
authors.forename: Nayara Cândida
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: Humberto Aparecido
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: Renata Beatriz
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Janaínna Grazielle Pacheco
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Olegário
authors.forename: Rosana Rosa Miranda
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Paula Antunes Teixeira
authors.forename: Camila Lourencini
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Cavellani
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001344:Autopsy; D004848:Epithelium / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000276:immunology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D009418:S100 Proteins