title: Resource loss, resource gain, and psychological resilience and dysfunction following cancer diagnosis: a growth mixture modeling approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated trajectories of psychological distress and their relationships with change in psychosocial resources in the year following cancer diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chinese colorectal cancer (CRC) patients (n = 234) were assessed within 12 weeks of diagnosis (T1) and again at 3-month (T2) and 12-month (T3) follow-ups. Growth mixture modeling was used to analyze the longitudinal data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Psychological distress was measured at the three time-points using Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Growth mixture models identified four classes: chronic distress (7-9%), delayed distress (10-13%), recovery (13-16%), and resilient (65-67%). People in chronic distress were more likely to demonstrate loss in physical functioning and social relational quality than those in delayed distress, and loss in physical functioning, optimism, and hope than those in recovery, but more likely to demonstrate stability/gain in optimistic personalities than those in delayed distress and resilient. People in resilient were more likely to report stability/gain in optimistic personalities than those in delayed distress but not those in recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Understanding differential outcome trajectories and associated change in coping resources has implications for developing ongoing psychological services for cancer patients during the diagnosis and treatment process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Studies, Hong Kong Institute of Education.
authors.forename: Wai Kai
authors.identifier: 0000-0003-1402-2318
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital.
authors.forename: Chi Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Law
authors.affiliation: Social Neuroscience Research Network, University of Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital.
authors.forename: Yiu Tung
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D010551:Personality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D055500:Resilience, Psychological; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D013997:Time Factors