title: Electrocorticographic correlates of cognitive control in a Stroop task-intracranial recording in epileptic patients.
abstract: The human brain executes cognitive control, such as selection of relevant information in the presence of competing irrelevant information, and cognitive control is essential for us to yield a series of optimal behaviors in our daily life. This study assessed electrocorticographic γ-oscillations elicited by cognitive control in the context of the Stroop color-naming paradigm, with a temporal resolution of 10 msec and spatial resolution of 1 cm. Subjects were instructed to overtly read a color word printed in an incongruent color in the reading task, and to overtly name the ink color of a color word printed in an incongruent color in the Stroop color-naming task. The latter task specifically elicited larger γ-augmentations in the dorsolateral-premotor, dorsolateral-prefrontal and supplementary motor areas with considerable inter-subject spatial variability. Such Stroop color-naming-specific γ-augmentations occurred 500 to 200 msec prior to overt responses. Electrical stimulation of the sites showing Stroop color-naming-specific γ-augmentations resulted in temporary naming impairment more frequently than that of the remaining sites. This study has provided direct evidence that a critical process of cognitive control in the context of Stroop color-naming paradigm consists of recruitment of neurons essential for naming located in variable portions of the dorsolateral premotor and prefrontal areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rothermel
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Juhász
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sood
authors.forename: Eishi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Asano
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D058256:Brain Waves / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009275:Names; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011932:Reading; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D057190:Stroop Test; D013997:Time Factors; D014741:Video Recording