title: Chronic rhinosinusitis in the setting of other chronic inflammatory diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objectives of the study were to determine the prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) overall and its 2 phenotypic variants, CRS with and without polyposis (NP), in patients with chronic inflammatory comorbidities including autoimmune disorders, inflammatory bowel disease, and atopic dermatitis. These findings were compared with data in patients with asthma. Patients with hypertension were also used as a reference group to estimate the incidence of CRS in a group with regular medical follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, cross-sectional query of a large tertiary care electronic medical record database was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electronic medical record database prevalence of CRS in patients with hypertension was 4.4%. The prevalence of CRS was 18% in asthma (P < .0001), 7% in atopic dermatitis, 3.5% in inflammatory bowel disease, and ranged from 1.4% to 5.9% in autoimmune disorders. The frequency of CRS patients exhibiting the NP phenotype was similarly low in patients with autoimmune disease and hypertension, but was significantly greater in patients with asthma (P < .0001), inflammatory bowel disease (P = .033), and atopic dermatitis (P = .049),
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest similar prevalence of overall CRS in patients with autoimmune disease and inflammatory bowel disease, and background rates as estimated by observations in hypertension patients. Inflammatory bowel disease and atopic dermatitis patients with CRS exhibit some skewing toward the NP phenotype, as do asthmatics, where this association is well known.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern Sinus and Allergy Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA. RickChandra@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Rakesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Robin Smolak
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tudor
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Conley
authors.forename: Anju T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Leslie C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Grammer
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Schleimer
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kern
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D015551:Autoimmunity; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007087:Illinois / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology