title: Quantitative analysis of interferon alpha receptor subunit 1 and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 gene transcription in blood cells of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interferon (IFN)-α receptor 1 (ifnar1) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (socs1) transcription levels were quantified in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of 59 patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 17 non-infected individuals. Samples were obtained from patients infected with HCV that were either untreated or treated with IFN-α2 plus ribavirin for 1 year and divided into responders and non-responders based on viral load reduction 6 months after treatment. Ifnar1 and socs1 transcription was quantified by real-time RT-PCR, and the fold difference (2(⁻ΔΔCT)) with respect to hprt housekeeping gene was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ifnar1 transcription increased significantly in HCV-infected patients either untreated (3.26 ± 0.31), responders (3.1 ± 0.23) and non-responders (2.18 ± 0.23) with respect to non-infected individuals (1 ± 0.34; P = 0.005). Ifnar1 transcription increased significantly (P = 0.003) in patients infected with HCV genotypes 1a (4.74 ± 0.25) and 1b (2.81 ± 0.25) but not in 1a1b (1.58 ± 0.21). No association was found of Ifnar1 transcription with disease progress, initial viral load or other clinical factors. With respect to socs1 transcription, values were similar for non-infected individuals (1 ± 0.28) and untreated patients (0.99 ± 0.41) but increased in responders (2.81 ± 0.17) and non-responder patients (1.67 ± 0.41). Difference between responder and non-responder patients was not statistically significant. Socs1 transcription increased in patients infected with HCV genotypes 1a and 1b (2.87 ± 0.45 and 2.22 ± 0.17, respectively) but not in 1a1b (1.28 ± 0.40). Socs1 transcript was absent in three patients infected with HCV genotype 1b. A weak correlation between ifnar1 and socs1 transcription was found, when Spearman's correlation coefficient was calculated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that HCV infection may up-regulate ifnar1 transcription. HCV genotypes differ in their capacity to affect ifnar1 and socs1 transcription, as well as in the ability to evade the antiviral response.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Virología, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Km 4.5 Carretera Atlixco-Metepec, CP 74360 Metepec, Puebla, México.
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sedeño-Monge
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santos-López
authors.forename: Rosa C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Rocha-Gracia
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meléndez-Mena
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Mata
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vallejo-Ruiz
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Reyes-Leyva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000071222:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C108944:SOCS1 protein, human; D000071222:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling 1 Protein; D050826:Suppressor of Cytokine Signaling Proteins; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D012254:Ribavirin