title: Phase I, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study of NI-0401 (a fully human anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody) in patients with moderate to severe active Crohn's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  NI-0401 is a fully human monoclonal antibody, which binds to the CD3 subunit of the T-cell receptor, causing modulation of T-cell activity. We investigated the safety and the ability to modulate the TCR-CD3 complex of NI-0401 in patients with active Crohn's disease (CD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, multicenter, dose-escalating trial was conducted in CD patients age 18-70 years, a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of 220-450, and detectable levels of C-reactive protein. The primary outcome was safety and the ability of NI-0401 to modulate the TCR-CD3 complex on T cells. Efficacy parameters included the proportion of patients achieving remission (CDAI <150), clinical response (CDAI fall ≥100), and change from baseline in the CD Endoscopy Index of Severity (CDEIS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty patients received placebo (n = 7) or NI-0401 (n = 33) 0.05-10 mg daily for 5 days. NI-0401 doses ≤1 mg were well tolerated. Infusion reactions occurred at doses ≥2 mg. The extent and duration of TCR-CD3 modulation increased with dose. No differences between groups were observed in the proportions of patients achieving clinical remission or response. The mean CDEIS at week 6 differed significantly between the 1-mg and placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NI-0401 was tolerated at doses ≤1 mg with manageable side effects. NI-0401 induced a dose-dependent modulation of the TCR-CD3 complex. No significant improvement of CDAI was observed but 1 mg NI-0401 demonstrated an improvement in CDEIS.
authors.affiliation: Erasmus Medical Centre Rotterdam, Netherlands. c. vanderwoude@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: C Janneke
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: van der Woude
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stokkers
authors.forename: Ad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van Bodegraven
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Assche
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hebzda
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paradowski
authors.forename: Geert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Haens
authors.forename: Subrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feagan
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rutgeerts
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.forename: Dirk J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Bas
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oldenburg
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farhan
authors.forename: Tristan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hommes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology*; D012074:Remission Induction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017260:Receptor-CD3 Complex, Antigen, T-Cell