title: The emergence of phosphate as a specific signaling molecule in bone and other cell types in mammals.
abstract: Although considerable advances in our understanding of the mechanisms of phosphate homeostasis and skeleton mineralization have recently been made, little is known about the initial events involving the detection of changes in the phosphate serum concentrations and the subsequent downstream regulation cascade. Recent data has strengthened a long-established hypothesis that a phosphate-sensing mechanism may be present in various organs. Such a phosphate sensor would detect changes in serum or local phosphate concentration and would inform the body, the local environment, or the individual cell. This suggests that phosphate in itself could represent a signal regulating multiple factors necessary for diverse biological processes such as bone or vascular calcification. This review summarizes findings supporting the possibility that phosphate represents a signaling molecule, particularly in bone and cartilage, but also in other tissues. The involvement of various signaling pathways (ERK1/2), transcription factors (Fra-1, Runx2) and phosphate transporters (PiT1, PiT2) is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Osteoarticular and Dental Tissue Engineering, INSERM, U, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Solmaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khoshniat
authors.forename: Annabelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourgine
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guicheux
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D028061:Phosphate Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D028061:Phosphate Transport Proteins; D010710:Phosphates