title: Patient characteristics correlated with quality indicator outcomes in diabetes care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quality indicators were adopted to compare quality of care across health systems.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether patient characteristics influence primary care physicians' diabetes quality indicators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in the Central District of Clalit Health Service in Israel. The five measures of diabetes follow-up were: the percentage of patients with diabetes for whom glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA(1c)), microalbumin, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, and blood pressure were measured at least once, and the percentage of patients who were seen by an ophthalmologist, during 2005. Three outcome measures were chosen: the percentage of patients with diabetes and HbA(1c) <7 mg%, the percentage of patients with diabetes and blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, and the percentage of patients with diabetes and LDL-cholesterol <100 mg/dl in 2005. Sociodemographic information was retrieved about all the physicians' patients with diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-hundred and seventy primary care physicians took care of 18 316 patients with diabetes. The average number of patients with diabetes per physician was 107 (range 10-203). A lower quality indicator score for HbA(1c) <7 mg% was correlated with a higher percentage of patients of low socioeconomic status (P<0.001) and new immigrants (P = 0.002), and correlated with borderline significance with higher mean patients' body mass index (P = 0.024); lower quality indicator score for blood pressure <130/80 mmHg was related to higher patients' age (P = 0.006). None of the diabetes follow-up measures were related to patients' characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Achieving good glycaemic control is dependent on patient characteristics. New immigrants, patients of low socioeconomic status, and older patients need special attention to avoid disparities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Clalit Health Service, Israel. michal.shani@gmail.com
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shani
authors.forename: Sasson
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakar
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lustman
authors.forename: Tuvia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Baievsky
authors.forename: Reena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: Shlomo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vinker
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000175:diagnosis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D058006:General Practice / Q000592:standards*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin