title: Simulated microgravity maintains the undifferentiated state and enhances the neural repair potential of bone marrow stromal cells.
abstract: Recently, regenerative medicine with bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) has gained significant attention for the treatment of central nervous system diseases. Here, we investigated the activity of BMSCs under simulated microgravity conditions. Mouse BMSCs (mBMSCs) were isolated from C57BL/6 mice and harvested in 1G condition. Subjects were divided into 4 groups: cultured under simulated microgravity and 1G condition in growth medium and neural differentiation medium. After 7 days of culture, the mBMSCs were used for morphological analysis, reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction, immunostaining analysis, and grafting. Neural-induced mBMSCs cultured under 1G conditions exhibited neural differentiation, whereas those cultured under simulated microgravity did not. Moreover, under simulated microgravity conditions, mBMSCs could be cultured in an undifferentiated state. Next, we intravenously injected cells into a mouse model of cerebral contusion. Graft mBMSCs cultured under simulated microgravity exhibited greater survival in the damaged region, and the motor function of the grafted mice improved significantly. mBMSCs cultured under simulated microgravity expressed CXCR4 on their cell membrane. Our study indicates that culturing cells under simulated microgravity enhances their survival rate by maintaining an undifferentiated state of cells, making this a potentially attractive method for culturing donor cells to be used in grafting.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bio-Environmental Adaptation Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan. ryuge@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuge
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Shu-liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Tomotaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Teruyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kajiume
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Magaki
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurisu
authors.forename: Masayasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D001930:Brain Injuries; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D023421:Models, Animal; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D044968:Regenerative Medicine; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014893:Weightlessness
chemical_list: C514936:CXCR4 protein, mouse; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4