title: Loxoprofen Sodium, a Non-Selective NSAID, Reduces Atherosclerosis in Mice by Reducing Inflammation.
abstract: Recently, it is suggested that the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) may contribute to the occurrence of cardiovascular events, while the formation of atherosclerotic lesions is related to inflammation. Loxoprofen sodium, a non-selective NSAID, becomes active after metabolism in the body and inhibits the activation of cyclooxygenase. We fed apoE(-/-) mice a western diet from 8 to 16 weeks of age and administered loxoprofen sodium. We measured atherosclerotic lesions at the aortic root. We examined serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides with HPLC, platelet aggregation, and urinary prostaglandin metabolites with enzyme immune assay. Atherosclerotic lesion formation was reduced to 63.5% and 41.5% as compared to the control in male and female apoE(-/-) mice treated with loxoprofen sodium respectively. Urinary metabolites of prostaglandin E(2), F(1α), and thromboxane B(2), and platelet aggregation were decreased in mice treated with loxoprofen sodium. Serum levels of cholesterol and triglycerides were not changed. We conclude that loxoprofen sodium reduced the formation of early to intermediate atherosclerotic lesions at the proximal aorta in mice mediated by an anti-inflammatory effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Inflammation and Immunology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: Aihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadoya
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishino
authors.forename: Eishi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ashihara
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsubakimoto
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Taira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maekawa
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawahito