title: A test of the snowball theory for the rate of evolution of hybrid incompatibilities.
abstract: Hybrids between species are often sterile or inviable because the long-diverged genomes of their parents cause developmental problems when they come together in a single individual. According to the Dobzhansky-Muller (DM) model, the number of genes involved in these "intrinsic postzygotic incompatibilities" should increase faster than linearly with the divergence time between species. This straightforward prediction of the DM model has remained contentious owing to a lack of explicit tests. Examining two pairs of Drosophila species, we show that the number of genes involved in postzygotic isolation increases at least as fast as the square of the number of substitutions (an index of divergence time) between species. This observation verifies a key prediction of the DM model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ecology and Evolution, The University of Chicago, 1101 East 57th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. dmatute@uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Matute
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Turissini
authors.forename: Jerry A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coyne
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D017344:Genes, Insect; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D007246:Infertility; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D012098:Reproduction; D013045:Species Specificity