title: Effect of preconditioned hyperbaric oxygen and ozone on ischemia-reperfusion induced tourniquet in skeletal bone of rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to investigate effect of I/R injury on bone tissue and protective role of hyperbaric oxygen precondition (HBO-PC) and ozone precondition (O(3)-PC) on I/R injury by using biochemical analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two rats were included in study. The animals were divided into four equal groups: sham operation, I/R, I/R+HBO and I/R+O(3). One session of 60 min, 3 ATA, 3-4 L/min, 100% oxygenation was defined as one dose of HBO. First dose of HBO was administrated 72 h before ischemia. Subsequent, one-dose of HBO administrated per 12 hours until ischemia time (total seven doses); 0.7 mg/kg ozone/oxygen mixture intraperitoneally was defined as one dose of ozone. First dose of O(3) was administered 72 h before ischemia (total four doses). I/R model was induced in anesthetized rats by unilateral (right) femoral artery clipping for 2 h followed by 22 h of reperfusion. The right tibia and were harvested. Tissue was assayed for levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein carbonyl (PCO), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px).
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDA and PCO levels were increased in I/R group. SOD activity was increased; GSH-Px activity was decreased in I/R group. MDA and PCO levels were decreased, SOD and GSH-Px activities were increased in both HBO+I/R and O(3)+I/R groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It has been shown that levels of MDA and PCO in bone were increased followed by 2 h of ischemia and 22 h of reperfusion period. Ozone-PC and HBO-PC has protective effect against skeletal bone I/R injury by decreasing levels of MDA and PCO, increasing activities of SOD and GSH-Px in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik-Ankara, Turkey. drkenankoca@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kenan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koca
authors.forename: Yuksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yurttas
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bilgic
authors.forename: Tuncer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cayci
authors.forename: Turgut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Topal
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durusu
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kaldirim
authors.forename: Emin Ozgur
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Akgul
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yanmis
authors.forename: Erbil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oguz
authors.forename: Servet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tunay
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basbozkurt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning / Q000379:methods*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010126:Ozone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013977:Tibia / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014111:Tourniquets
chemical_list: D010083:Oxidants, Photochemical; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D010126:Ozone; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase