title: Chromium and manganese levels in biological samples of normal and night blindness children of age groups (3-7) and (8-12) years.
abstract: This study was designed to compare the levels of chromium (Cr) and manganese (Mn) in scalp hair, blood, and urine of night blindness in children age ranged (3-7) and (8-12) years of both genders, comparing them to sex- and age-matched controls. A microwave-assisted wet acid digestion procedure, was developed as a sample pretreatment, for the determination of Cr and Mn in biological samples of night blindness children. The proposed method was validated by using conventional wet digestion and certified reference samples of hair, blood and urine. The digests of all biological samples were analyzed for Cr and Mn by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry. The results indicated significantly higher levels of Cr, whilst low level of Mn in the biological samples (blood and scalp hair) of male and female night blindness children, compared with control subjects of both genders. These data present guidance to clinicians and other professional investigating deficiency of Mn and excessive level of Cr in biological samples (scalp hair and blood) of night blindness children.
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. hassanimranafridi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hassan Imran
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Afridi
authors.forename: Tasneem Gul
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.forename: Ghulam Abbas
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kandhro
authors.forename: Abdul Qadir
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Jameel Ahmed
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Baig
authors.forename: Sham Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
authors.forename: Sumaira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Nida Fatima
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Kolachi
authors.forename: Faheem
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Mohammad Khan
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Jamali
authors.forename: Mohammad Balal
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Arain
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002857:Chromium / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D009755:Night Blindness / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium; D008345:Manganese