title: Contribution of olive seed to the phenolic profile and related quality parameters of virgin olive oil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Conflicting results have been reported about the effect of fruit de-stoning on the virgin olive oil (VOO) phenolic profile. The aim of the present study was to determine whether olive seed plays any role in the synthesis of this oil phenolic fraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increases of around 25% of total phenolic compounds were observed in oils obtained from de-stoned olive fruits in three main Spanish cultivars. To investigate the involvement of olive seed in determining the phenolic profile of VOO, whole intact olive fruits were added with up to 400% olive stones. Excellent regression coefficients were found in general for the decrease of total phenolic compounds and, particularly, of o-diphenolics in the resulting oils. On the other hand, it was found that olive seed contains a high level of peroxidase (POX) activity (72.4 U g(-1) FW), accounting for more than 98% of total POX activity in the whole fruit. This activity is able to modify VOO phenolics in vitro, similar to the effect of adding stones during VOO extraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Olive seed plays an important role in determining VOO phenolic profile during the process to obtain an oil that seems to be associated with a high level of POX activity. Copyright © 2007 Society of Chemical Industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Technology of Plant Products, Instituto de la Grasa, C.S.I.C., Padre García Tejero 4, 41012 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Luaces
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Ana G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Pérez