title: The effect of CO2 pneumovesicum on upper urinary tract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pneumovesicum allows minimal invasive intravesical surgeries. The possible deleterious effect of intravesical CO(2) pressure is not known. We assessed the effect of CO(2) pneumovesicum on the urinary tract and renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pneumovesicum was established and maintained with CO(2) at 10 mm Hg in 10 sows. Cohen cross-trigonal reimplantation was carried out on the left ureter by a vesicoscopic approach. The right ureter was cannulated and served as control. CO(2) pneumovesicum was maintained for 2 hours. Color Doppler measurements of the upper urinary tract and blood sampling were carried out 30 minutes before and 2 hours after establishing pneumovesicum, and 30 minutes after releasing the pneumovesicum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the preoperative values, the bilateral anteroposterior diameters of the renal pelves increased significantly after 2 hours of the pneumovesicum (P < .05). Thirty minutes after release of the pneumovesicum, the anteroposterior diameters decreased and showed no statistically significant difference compared with the preoperative values. No air embolus was detected in the ureters, renal pelves, renal veins, or renal arteries on either side 2 hours after establishing the pneumovesicum. There was no statistically significant change in arterial or venous blood flow. There was no significant change in the urea and creatinine levels 2 hours after establishing the pneumovesicum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CO(2) pneumovesicum at a pressure of 10 mm Hg for 2 hours did not result in any demonstrable deleterious effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Si-chuan University, China.
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Ju-xian
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hai-bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D003558:Cystoscopy; D003949:Diagnostic Techniques, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis*; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D023421:Models, Animal; D012092:Replantation; D013552:Swine; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014513:Ureter / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D002245:Carbon Dioxide