title: Heat stress adaptation of Escherichia coli under dynamic conditions: effect of inoculum size.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  When subjected to dynamic temperatures surpassing the expected maximum growth temperature, Escherichia coli K12 MG1655 shows disturbed growth curves. These irregular population dynamics were explained by considering two subpopulations, i.e. a thermoresistant and a thermosensitive one (Van Derlinden et al. 2010a). In this paper, the influence of the initial cell concentration on the subpopulations' dynamics is evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Experiments were performed in a bioreactor with the temperature increasing from 42 to 65.2 °C (1 and 4 °C h(-1)) with varying initial cell concentrations [6, 12 and 18 ln(CFU ml(-1))]. When started from the highest cell concentration, the population was characterized by a higher overall maximum growth temperature and a higher inactivation temperature. For all experimental set-ups, resistant cells were still growing at the final temperature of 65.2 °C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initial cell concentration had no effect on temperature resistance. The increase in temperature resistance of the sensitive subpopulation was because of the change of the physiological state to the stationary phase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A higher initial cell concentration leads to higher heat stress adaptation when cultures reach a maximum cell concentration. The observed growth at a temperature of 65.2 °C is very important for food safety and the temperature treatment of micro-organisms.
authors.affiliation: BioTeC - Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology and Control, Department of Chemical Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cornet
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Derlinden
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cappuyns
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Van Impe
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D019149:Bioreactors; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003470:Culture Media; D048168:Escherichia coli K12 / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D019649:Food Industry / Q000379:methods; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D006358:Hot Temperature; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media