title: Laparoendoscopic single-site and natural orifice surgery in gynecology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the current literature on the use of single port and natural orifice surgery in gynecology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Appraisal of articles published on the use of this technology in gynecology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most reports on single port and natural orifice surgery are case reports or case series. However, most have reported successful outcomes such as diagnostic or extirpative gynecologic procedures. The main limitation is the availability of instrumentation to successfully accomplish the task.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single port and natural orifice surgery offers the potential for advancing the minimally invasive approach to gynecologic surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Pedro F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Starks
authors.forename: Amanda Nickles
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Fader
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catenacci
authors.forename: Tommaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Falcone
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008954:Models, Biological; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods