title: RARγ is required for correct deposition and removal of Suz12 and H2A.Z in embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Retinoic acid (RA) induces embryonic stem cell differentiation. The effects of RA are mediated by retinoic acid receptors (RARs) that promote epigenetic changes controlling gene transcription. We show here that RARγ, in the absence of the ligand RA, is required for deposition of the histone variant H2A.Z and the polycomb group protein Suz12 at RA target genes, and that in embryonic stem cells both RARγ and Suz12 exist in a multi-protein complex in the absence of ligand. Addition of RA causes removal of H2A.Z and Suz12 from RARγ target genes when the genes are transcriptionally activated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amat
authors.forename: Lorraine J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gudas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000097768:Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006657:Histones; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase; D014212:Tretinoin; D000097768:Retinoic Acid Receptor gamma; C530718:CEBPA protein, mouse; C494163:Suz12 protein, mouse; C077020:histone H2A.F-Z