Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury: a molecular and clinical view on a complex pathophysiological process.
Lung ischemia-reperfusion injury remains one of the major complications after cardiac bypass surgery and lung transplantation. Due to its dual blood supply system and the availability of oxygen from alveolar ventilation, the pathogenetic mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion injury in the lungs are more complicated than in other organs, where loss of blood flow automatically leads to hypoxia. In this review, an extensive overview is given of the molecular and cellular mechanisms that are involved in the pathogenesis of lung ischemia-reperfusion injury and the possible therapeutic strategies to reduce or prevent it. In addition, the roles of neutrophils, alveolar macrophages, cytokines, and chemokines, as well as the alterations in the cell-death related pathways, are described in detail.
den Hengst
Willem A
WA
Department of Thorax and Vascular Surgery, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Gielis
Jan F
JF
Lin
Judy Y
JY
Van Schil
Paul E
PE
De Windt
Leon J
LJ
Moens
An L
AL
D000818:Animals; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D023421:Models, Animal; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy