title: Expression of leukotriene receptors in the rat dorsal root ganglion and the effects on pain behaviors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leukotrienes (LTs) belong to the large family of lipid mediators implicated in various inflammatory conditions such as asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. Four distinct types (BLT1, BLT2, CysLT1 and CysLT2) of G-protein-coupled receptors for LTs have been identified. Several studies have reported that LTs are involved in inflammatory pain, but the mechanism and the expression of LT receptors in the nociceptive pathway are unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We investigated the precise expression of these four types of LT receptors in the adult rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) using reverse transcription-polymerase reaction (RT-PCR) and radioisotope-labeled in situ hybridization histochemistry (ISHH). We detected mRNAs for BLT1 and CysLT2 in the DRG, but not for BLT2 and CysLT1. CysLT2 mRNA was preferentially expressed by small sized DRG neurons (about 36% of total neurons), whereas BLT1 mRNA was expressed by non-neuronal cells. Double labeling analysis of CysLT2 with NF-200, calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), isolectin B4 (IB4), transient receptor potential vanilloid subfamily 1 (TRPV1) and P2X3 receptor revealed that many CysLT2-labeled neurons were localized with unmyelinated and non-peptidergic neurons, and interestingly, CysLT2 mRNA heavily co-localized with TRPV1 and P2X3-positive neurons. Intraplantar injection of LTC4, a CysLT2 receptor agonist, itself did not induce the thermal hyperalgesia, spontaneous pain behaviors or swelling of hind paw. However, pretreatment of LTC4 remarkably enhanced the painful behaviors produced by alpha, beta-methylene adenosine 5'-triphosphate (αβ-me-ATP), a P2X3 receptor agonist.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggests that CysLT2 expressed in DRG neurons may play a role as a modulator of P2X3, and contribute to a potentiation of the neuronal activity following peripheral inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuoka
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noguchi
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010146:Pain / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018077:Receptors, Leukotriene / Q000819:agonists / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018077:Receptors, Leukotriene; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C412375:cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 2; C002630:alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate