title: HIV protease inhibitors alter innate immune response signaling to double-stranded RNA in oral epithelial cells: implications for immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome?
abstract: In this investigation, several HIV protease inhibitors altered the virally associated, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-stimulated, innate immune response. Lopinavir, the most potent inducer of interleukin (IL)-8 expression, also inhibited dsRNA-induced monocyte chemotactic protein 1 expression. Further analyses demonstrated that nuclear factor-κB is required for lopinavir's induction of IL-8. These findings demonstrate that protease inhibitors, such as lopinavir, differentially dysregulate innate immune signaling in a manner that could affect immune (reconstitution) inflammatory responses in oral epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health Practice, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Danaher
authors.forename: Charlotte S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Kaetzel
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Maria E C
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface