title: A1C and diabetes diagnosis among Filipino Americans, Japanese Americans, and Native Hawaiians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the sensitivity and specificity of A1C ≥ 6.5% to diagnose diabetes among Filipino Americans, Japanese Americans, and Native Hawaiians.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional study among middle-aged adults without prior diagnosis of type 2 diabetes who completed a 2-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and A1C measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 933 participants had a mean age of 54.2 years, and 73% were women. A total of 425 (45.5%) subjects had impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance, 145 (15.5%) had type 2 diabetes (by OGTT), and 83 (8.9%) had A1C ≥ 6.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of A1C ≥ 6.5% to define diabetes (by OGTT) was 40.0 and 96.8% and 68.9 and 95.3%, respectively (by fasting plasma glucose only). However, (64.8%) of Filipino and Japanese subjects with diabetes had isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia; AIC ≥ 6.5% sensitivity and specificity was 19.1 and 92.1%, respectively, to define isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia in the total sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A1C ≥ 6.5% had low sensitivity and may delay diagnosis of type 2 diabetes without OGTT. This limitation is exacerbated by isolated postchallenge hyperglycemia in Asian Americans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA. haraneta@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Maria Rosario G
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Araneta
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grandinetti
authors.forename: Healani K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001213:Asian; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044468:Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin