title: Dual functions of yeast tRNA ligase in the unfolded protein response: unconventional cytoplasmic splicing of HAC1 pre-mRNA is not sufficient to release translational attenuation.
abstract: The unfolded protein response (UPR) is an essential signal transduction to cope with protein-folding stress in the endoplasmic reticulum. In the yeast UPR, the unconventional splicing of HAC1 mRNA is a key step. Translation of HAC1 pre-mRNA (HAC1(u) mRNA) is attenuated on polysomes and restarted only after splicing upon the UPR. However, the precise mechanism of this restart remained unclear. Here we show that yeast tRNA ligase (Rlg1p/Trl1p) acting on HAC1 ligation has an unexpected role in HAC1 translation. An RLG1 homologue from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtRLG1) substitutes for yeast RLG1 in tRNA splicing but not in the UPR. Surprisingly, AtRlg1p ligates HAC1 exons, but the spliced mRNA (HAC1(i) mRNA) is not translated efficiently. In the AtRLG1 cells, the HAC1 intron is circularized after splicing and remains associated on polysomes, impairing relief of the translational repression of HAC1(i) mRNA. Furthermore, the HAC1 5' UTR itself enables yeast Rlg1p to regulate translation of the following ORF. RNA IP revealed that yeast Rlg1p is integrated in HAC1 mRNP, before Ire1p cleaves HAC1(u) mRNA. These results indicate that the splicing and the release of translational attenuation of HAC1 mRNA are separable steps and that Rlg1p has pivotal roles in both of these steps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, and Research Center for Materials Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Englert
authors.forename: Hildburg
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beier
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takezawa
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshihisa
mesh_terms: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D007438:Introns; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011116:Polynucleotide 5'-Hydroxyl-Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011118:Polynucleotide Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012322:RNA Precursors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012326:RNA Splicing; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D056811:Unfolded Protein Response
chemical_list: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; C091341:HAC1 protein, S cerevisiae; D012322:RNA Precursors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C059150:tRNA ligase, yeast; D011116:Polynucleotide 5'-Hydroxyl-Kinase; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D011118:Polynucleotide Ligases