title: Prostatic involution after intraprostatic injection of cobra toxin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the comparative effects of intraprostatic injection of cobra cardiotoxin D and botulinum toxin type A on prostate structure in the rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 18 Sprague-Dawley® rats weighing 500 to 600 gm received a single 0.1 ml injection of saline (6), botulinum toxin type A (6) or the cardiotoxin D (6) component of cobra (Naja naja atra) toxin in the right and left ventral lobes of the prostate. At 14 days the rats were sacrificed. The prostate glands were harvested, weighed and processed for immunohistochemical and morphological studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate glands injected with cardiotoxin D showed significantly decreased weight compared to that of prostates injected with botulinum toxin type A and the saline control. Prostatic atrophy in the glandular component with flattening of the epithelial lining was seen histologically in rats that received botulinum toxin and cardiotoxin D. Each group injected with cardiotoxin D and botulinum toxin showed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic cells compared with controls while only the botulinum toxin group showed a significant increase in the number of proliferating cells. Only rats injected with botulinum toxin had body weight loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that intraprostatic injection of cobra cardiotoxin D induces prostatic atrophy and leads to a decrease in prostatic weight greater than that of intraprostatic injection of botulinum toxin type A. No systemic effects, such as decreased body weight, were noted after cardiotoxin D injection. Further studies are warranted but the statistically significant decrease in the number of proliferating cells implies a prolonged effect of cardiotoxin D.
authors.affiliation: University of Toledo Health Sciences Campus, Toledo, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Adam M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Rick W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Keck
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Murtagh
authors.forename: Aaron B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Channing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hinman
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Selman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy / Q000139:chemically induced; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004179:Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004179:Cobra Cardiotoxin Proteins; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A