Neolitsea sericea essential oil attenuates LPS-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages by suppressing NF-kappaB and MAPK activation.
The chemical composition and anti-inflammatory activities of hydrodistilled essential oil from Neolitsea sericea leaves (NSE) have been investigated for the first time. The chemical constituents of NSE were analysed by GC-MS and found to include sericenine (32.3%), sabinene (21.0%), trans-beta-ocimene (13.3%), beta-caryophyllene (4.8%), and 4-terpineol (4.2%). The effects of NSE on nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and IL-6 production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW 264.7 macrophages were also examined. Pro-inflammatory cytokine and mediator tests indicated that NSE has excellent dose-dependent inhibitory activities. To further examine the mechanism responsible for the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression by NSE, we examined the effect of NSE on nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation and the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). NSE inhibited NF-kappaB activation by LPS, and this was associated with the abrogation of IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation and subsequent decreases in nuclear p50 and p65 protein levels. Further, the phosphorylation of p38, ERK and JNK was suppressed by NSE in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that NSE exerts anti-inflammatory effects in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages by inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MAPK phosphorylation, and, therefore, may be useful for treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Yoon
Weon-Jong
WJ
Jeju High-Tech Development Institute (HiDI), Jeju 699-943, Korea.
Moon
Ji-Young
JY
Kang
Ji-Yong
JY
Kim
Gi-Ok
GO
Lee
Nam Ho
NH
Hyun
Chang-Gu
CG
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019770:Lauraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D015232:Dinoprostone