title: Gynecologic symptoms and sexual function in female kidney allograft recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is little information in the literature about changing menstrual patterns, sexuality, and fertility after kidney transplantation. The purpose of this study was to describe gynecologic symptoms, menstrual characteristics, sexual functions, details of pregnancies and gynecologic care before and after women underwent renal transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A detailed Turkish questionnaire was prepared for gynecologic evaluation. Fifty women of reproductive age who underwent renal transplantation took part in this study. The questionnaires were filled out at the time of the postoperative follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age and body mass index of all study participants at the time of interview was 33.9 years (range, 18-52) and 23.5 kg/m(2) (range, 16.5-33.3), respectively. There were no differences between bleeding between periods, heavy period, painful period, and period duration before and after transplantation. Eight women left active working life after grafting on their own accord. Thirteen women ceased sexual activity after transplantation. None of the women reported pregnancy after grafting. A total of 98% of women reported that they were never instructed about regular gynecologic care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that restrictions in the lives of women with transplanted kidneys included ceasing sexual activity and leaving active working life and that these were due to fear of possible organ damage. Women with transplanted kidneys must be informed about posttransplant sex life and the requirement for regular examinations by a gynecologist. Hence, close collaborations should be formed between patients, primary care physicians, and gynecologists.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Turkey.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karayalcin
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Genc
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oztuna
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huseynova
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ersoz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008598:Menstruation / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D055815:Young Adult