title: Inhibitory effect of Elephantopus mollis H.B. and K. extract on melanogenesis in B16 murine melanoma cells by downregulating microphthalmia-associated transcription factor expression.
abstract: In this study, the inhibitory effect of Elephantopus mollis H.B. and K. extract on melanogenesis in B16 murine melanoma cells was examined and possible mechanisms were elucidated. The melanin content in B16 cells decreased when they were treated with E. mollis extract. Inhibition was accompanied by reduced expression of tyrosinase (TYR) and tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1). Furthermore, the expression level of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a major transcriptional regulator of genes encoding melanogenic enzymes such as Tyr and Trp1, decreased as assessed by western blotting and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). These results suggest that E. mollis extract reduces melanogenesis by downregulating Mitf expression, leading to reduced expression of Tyr and Trp1. In addition, melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) expression was downregulated by E. mollis extract, suggesting desensitization to α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) of cells treated with the extract.
authors.affiliation: Shiseido Research Center, Kanagawa, Japan. kiyotaka.hasegawa@to.shiseido.co.jp
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Rikako
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umishio
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suetsugu
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008543:Melanins / Q000032:analysis; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1; D000521:alpha-MSH
chemical_list: D008543:Melanins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051739:Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044102:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1; D000521:alpha-MSH; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C489799:TYRP1 protein, human; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase