Dizygotic twin pregnancy after transfer of one embryo.
OBJECTIVE
To consider the risk of intercourse without contraception during infertility treatment.


METHODS
Case report.


METHODS
Leiden University Medical Center.


METHODS
An infertile couple underwent IVF for tubal pathology.


METHODS
Transfer of one embryo during a natural cycle.


METHODS
Human leukocyte antigen typing, histochemical analysis of the fetal membranes, neonatal and maternal clinical outcomes.


RESULTS
A dizygotic twin pregnancy was confirmed after birth by human leukocyte antigen typing of both fetuses and mother and by histochemical analysis of the dividing fetal membranes. This suggests a pregnancy of concurrent IVF and spontaneous conception. Pregnancy was complicated by preeclampsia and intrauterine growth retardation of both fetuses.


CONCLUSIONS
We state that couples should abstain from intercourse without contraception during infertility treatment to prevent multiple gestation and its related complications for mother and fetuses.
van der Hoorn
Marie-Louise
ML
Department of Obstetrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. m.l.p.van_der_hoorn@lumc.nl
Helmerhorst
Frans
F
Claas
Frans
F
Scherjon
Sicco
S
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011272:Pregnancy, Multiple; D056826:Single Embryo Transfer; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic