title: Chronic dialysis-associated anaemia in end-stage renal disease: analysis of management in two French centres.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Treatment of anaemia in renal-insufficient patients relies on the use of an erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA). This study aimed to compare the impact of two different strategies of ESA prescribing on variation in haemoglobin (Hb) concentration in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with ESRD, on haemodialysis, and who had received ESA for >3 months were recruited. Different parameters were analysed: demographics, Hb level the last day of the year before dialysis, the most recent weekly ESA dose, risk factors for resistance and cost. Each institution continued its local practice for achieving the desired Hb level: increasing the ESA dose to overcome resistance in one centre and defining an upper ESA-dose limit in the other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 185 patients were recruited. No significant differences in the biological parameters were found between the two populations. In both centres, Hb levels were comparable and mean levels exceeded 11 g/dL, despite the higher ESA doses given in one centre to achieve this target. This finding also held true for the subgroups with greater than or equal to two resistance factors. These two strategies led to large between-centre differences in treatment costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ESA-use strategy difference probably indicates that erythropoietin-resistance was not overcome with increased dosing. The Hb concentrations remained stable even when ESA doses were increased. On current evidence, the cheaper ESA-dose limitation strategy is preferable but randomized controlled studies, including comparisons of alternative ESA formulations are necessary.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacy, Dunkerque General Hospital, Dunkerque, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perrinet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Décaudin
authors.forename: B Bro-des
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Champs
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Heran
authors.forename: M-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Urbina
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lemaitre
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Odou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology; D000068256:Darbepoetin alfa; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006397:Hematinics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006397:Hematinics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C103998:epoetin beta; D004921:Erythropoietin; D000068256:Darbepoetin alfa; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa