Landscape and children's health: old natures and new challenges for the preventorium.
Preventoria were established in the early part of the twentieth century at fresh air sites away from cities for the purposes of rest cures for children, usually for those who were at risk of contracting tuberculosis. This paper discusses preventoria in relation to their general landscapes, and outlines the types of landscapes in which preventoria are found, namely woods and forests, ocean, rivers and lakes, and agricultural settings. The preventorium movement is placed in historical landscape context, with urban planning, national parks, and other nineteenth century trends. Fresh air was the driving force of both treatment and locations of preventoria and sanatoria. Current movements in child health to combat obesity and 'nature-deficit-disorder' also call for greater engagement with fresh air, and stress the therapeutic value of natural landscape. Australia's oldest preventorium is examined as a case study of preventoria and the challenges which old preventoria are facing today to re-invent themselves in predominantly rural landscapes.
Grose
Margaret J
MJ
Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia. mgrose@unimelb.edu.au
D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D004777:Environment; D004779:Environment Design / Q000639:trends; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D005544:Forecasting; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006798:Housing / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000266:history / Q000628:therapy; D014904:Western Australia