title: Phenolic compounds in leaves of Alchornea triplinervia: anatomical localization, mutagenicity, and antibacterial activity.
abstract: Phenolic compounds are produced by secretory idioblasts and hypodermis, and by specialized cells of the epidermis and chlorenchyma of leaves of Alchornea triplinervia. Phytochemical investigation of these leaves led to the isolation of the known substances quercetin, quercetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside, quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside, amentoflavone, brevifolin carboxylic acid, gallic acid, and methyl gallate from the methanolic extract, and stigmasterol, campesterol, sitosterol, lupeol, friedelan-3-ol, and friedelan-3-one from the chloroform extract. In studies of antibacterial activity and mutagenicity, the methanolic extract showed promising activity against Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 62.5 microg/mL) and was slightly mutagenic in vitro and in vivo at the highest concentrations tested (1335 mg/kg b.w.).
authors.affiliation: UNESP - São Paulo State University, Instituto de Química de Araraquara, Departamento de Química Orgânica, c.p. 355, CEP 14800-900, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Tamara R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Demarco
authors.forename: Fabio V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Helen P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Taís M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bauab
authors.forename: Eliana A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Varanda
authors.forename: Ilce M S
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Cólus
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vilegas
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D010636:Phenols