title: Long-term results of sacral neuromodulation with the tined lead procedure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present long-term followup data on the outcome of sacral neuromodulation using the tined lead procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a single center study including all patients who received an implantable neurostimulator between 2002 and 2005 using the tined lead technique. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by comparing the data of a 3-day voiding diary filled out in May 2009 to the data before the onset of sacral neuromodulation treatment (baseline). Clinical success was defined as more than 50% improvement in at least 1 of the relevant voiding diary parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 64 patients underwent implantation with an implantable neurostimulator using the tined lead procedure. Mean followup was 53 months (range 35 to 77). Five patients died of causes unrelated to sacral neuromodulation and they were not included in analysis. The implantable neurostimulator was removed from 7 patients and 3 stopped using the neurostimulator. Voiding diary analysis showed that 38 of 59 patients (64%) were successfully treated. There were 21 patients (33%) who underwent a surgical revision due to an adverse event and 1 (1.6%) who underwent lead revision because of suspected lead migration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sacral neuromodulation with the tined lead procedure is a safe and effective treatment for patients with overactive bladder symptoms or urinary retention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Tom A T
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Marcelissen
authors.forename: Randall K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: Rob A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: de Bie
authors.forename: Philip E V
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: van Kerrebroeck
authors.forename: Stefan G G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: de Wachter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000628:therapy*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000628:therapy*; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000628:therapy*; D055815:Young Adult