Cell-directed integration into three-dimensional lipid-silica nanostructured matrices.
We report a unique approach in which living cells direct their integration into 3D solid-state nanostructures. Yeast cells deposited on a weakly condensed lipid/silica thin film mesophase actively reconstruct the surface to create a fully 3D bio/nano interface, composed of localized lipid bilayers enveloped by a lipid/silica mesophase, through a self-catalyzed silica condensation process. Remarkably, this integration process selects exclusively for living cells over the corresponding apoptotic cells (those undergoing programmed cell death), via the development of a pH gradient, which catalyzes silica deposition and the formation of a coherent interface between the cell and surrounding silica matrix. Added long-chain lipids or auxiliary nanocomponents are localized within the pH gradient, allowing the development of complex active and accessible bio/nano interfaces not achievable by other synthetic methods. Overall, this approach provides the first demonstration of active cell-directed integration into a nominally solid-state three-dimensional architecture. It promises a new means to integrate "bio" with "nano" into platforms useful to study and manipulate cellular behavior at the individual cell level and to interface living organisms with electronics, photonics, and fluidics.
Harper
Jason C
JC
Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA.
Khripin
Constantine Y
CY
Khirpin
Constantine Y
CY
Carnes
Eric C
EC
Ashley
Carlee E
CE
Lopez
DeAnna M
DM
Savage
Travis
T
Jones
Howland D T
HD
Davis
Ryan W
RW
Nunez
Dominique E
DE
Brinker
Lina M
LM
Kaehr
Bryan
B
Brozik
Susan M
SM
Brinker
C Jeffrey
CJ
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008055:Lipids; D012822:Silicon Dioxide