[Long-term course of patients in neurological rehabilitation Phase B. Results of the 6-year follow-up in a multicenter study].
BACKGROUND
After conclusion of emergency care for severe neurological diseases patients in Germany are admitted at an early stage to so-called Phase B rehabilitation. No studies have been carried out on the long-term course of these patients.


METHODS
In a prospective study in 2002 patients in Phase B from 9 centers were included and follow-up investigations were carried out after 5 and 6 years. Assessment instruments used were the Barthel index, the Rankin scale and the EQ-5D. Factors for the risk of a poor outcome and the chances for a good outcome were evaluated using multivariate logistic regression.


RESULTS
A total of 1,280 patients were included in the study. A high age increased the risk of dying with a hazard quotient (HQ) of 1.05 (95% CI: 1.04-1.06) and high point counts in the coma remission scale (HQ 0.93; 95% CI: 0.92-0.96) and Barthel index (HQ 0.97; 95% CI: 0.97-0.98) on discharge reduced the risk of dying after 5 years. The factors swallowing impairment (OR 3.1; 95% CI: 1.7-5.5) and obligatory surveillance at the end of rehabilitation (OR 3.2; 95% CI: 1.2-8.6) increased the risk of a poor result in the Rankin scale 2-4 and the factors communication disorder (OR 5.0; 95% CI: 2.0-12.8) and PEG (percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy) (OR 19.7; 95% CI: 2.7-144.4) on discharge increased the risk of a reduced health-related quality of life (defined as EQ-5D VAS <70) after 6 years.


CONCLUSIONS
If support for bodily functions can be successfully reduced during Phase B rehabilitation, the patients will have a good outcome with respect to 5-year survival. If this is not successful the outcome is unfavorable with respect to survival and with respect to achieving self-sufficiency and health-related quality of life after 6 years.
Pohl
M
M
Abteilung Neurologie und Fachübergreifende Rehabilitation, Klinik Bavaria, Kreischa. marcus.pohl@klinik-bavaria.de
Berger
K
K
Ketter
G
G
Krusch
C
C
Pause
M
M
Puschendorf
W
W
Schaupp
M
M
Schleep
J
J
Spranger
M
M
Steube
D
D
Scheidtmann
K
K
Mehrholz
J
J
D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome