title: Clarke's column neurons as the focus of a corticospinal corollary circuit.
abstract: Proprioceptive sensory signals inform the CNS of the consequences of motor acts, but effective motor planning involves internal neural systems capable of anticipating actual sensory feedback. Just where and how predictive systems exert their influence remains poorly understood. We explored the possibility that spinocerebellar neurons that convey proprioceptive sensory information also integrate information from cortical command systems. Analysis of the circuitry and physiology of identified dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons in mouse spinal cord revealed distinct populations of Clarke's column neurons that received direct excitatory and/or indirect inhibitory inputs from descending corticospinal axons. The convergence of these descending inhibitory and excitatory inputs to Clarke's column neurons established local spinal circuits with the capacity to mark or modulate incoming proprioceptive input. Together, our genetic, anatomical and physiological results indicate that Clarke's column spinocerebellar neurons nucleate local spinal corollary circuits that are relevant to motor planning and evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Kavli Institute for Brain Science, Departments of Neuroscience and Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Adam W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hantman
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Jessell
mesh_terms: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001640:Bicuculline / Q000494:pharmacology; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000378:metabolism; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D056228:Feedback, Sensory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018756:GABA Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics; D018684:Glycine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D050487:Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000378:metabolism; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000235:genetics; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology*; D013266:Stilbamidines / Q000378:metabolism; D013331:Strychnine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000099260:Empty Spiracles Homeobox Proteins
chemical_list: D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; D001640:Bicuculline; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018756:GABA Antagonists; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D018684:Glycine Agents; D050487:Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D008239:Lysine; D010320:Parvalbumins; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013266:Stilbamidines; D013331:Strychnine; D013629:Tamoxifen; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D016875:tau Proteins; D000099260:Empty Spiracles Homeobox Proteins; C049774:2-hydroxy-4,4'-diamidinostilbene, methanesulfonate salt; C493465:Slc17a7 protein, mouse; C493270:Slc6a5 protein, mouse; C013411:biocytin