title: Unexploited therapies in breast and prostate cancer: blockade of the prolactin receptor.
abstract: Breast and prostate cancers are hormone-sensitive malignancies that afflict millions of women and men. Although prolactin (PRL) is known as a survival factor that supports tumor growth and confers chemoresistance in both cancers, its precise role in these tumors has not been studied extensively. Growth hormone and placental lactogen also bind PRL receptor (PRLR) and mimic some of the actions of PRL. Blockade of the PRLR represents a novel treatment for patients with advanced breast or prostate cancer with limited therapeutic options. This review discusses different approaches for generating PRLR antagonists. Emphasis is placed on technological advances which enable high-throughput screening for small molecule inhibitors of PRLR signaling that could serve as oral medications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0567, USA.
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Hugo
authors.forename: Traci R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Tuttle
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Papoian
authors.forename: Nira
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ben-Jonathan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D057166:High-Throughput Screening Assays / Q000379:methods; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D035703:Therapies, Investigational / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin