title: Dose escalation and pharmacokinetic study of AEZS-108 (AN-152), an LHRH agonist linked to doxorubicin, in women with LHRH receptor-positive tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Receptors for luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) can be utilized for targeted chemotherapy of cytotoxic LHRH analogs. The compound AEZS-108 (previously AN-152) consists of [D-Lys⁶]LHRH linked to doxorubicin. The objectives of this first study in humans with AESZ-108 were to determine the maximum tolerated dose and to characterize the dose-limiting toxicity, pharmacokinetics, preliminary efficacy, and hormonal effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 17 women with histologically confirmed epithelial cancer of the ovary, endometrium, or breast that was metastatic or unresectable and for which standard curative or palliative measures could not be used or were no longer effective or tolerated. In each patient, immunohistochemistry of primary tumor or metastatic lesion confirmed that the tumors expressed LHRH receptors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient each received intravenous doses of 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg/m² of AEZS-108, six received 160 mg/m² and seven 267 mg/m² at 3 week intervals. Dose-limiting leukopenia and neutropenia were observed at the highest dose. A total of 6 patients, 3 patients each in both upper dose groups, showed responses to AEZS-108. The half-life of AESZ-108 was estimated to be about 2h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The maximum tolerated dose of AESZ-108 in the absence of supportive medication is 267 mg/m² and this dose is recommended as starting dose for therapeutic Phase II studies.
authors.affiliation: University Clinic Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany. Emons@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emons
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: Grigor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gorchev
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tsekova
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gründker
authors.forename: Andreas R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Günthert
authors.forename: Lars C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Hanker
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velikova
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sindermann
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: Andrew V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000819:agonists* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000187:drug effects; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; C080883:LHRH, lysine(6)-doxorubicin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004317:Doxorubicin; D006854:Hydrocortisone