title: A role for the histone deacetylase HDAC4 in the life-cycle of HIV-1-based vectors.
abstract: HIV-1 integration is mediated by the HIV-1 integrase protein, which joins 3'-ends of viral DNA to host cell DNA. To complete the integration process, HIV-1 DNA has to be joined to host cell DNA also at the 5'-ends. This process is called post-integration repair (PIR). Integration and PIR involve a number of cellular co-factors. These proteins exhibit different degrees of involvement in integration and/or PIR. Some are required for efficient integration or PIR. On the other hand, some reduce the efficiency of integration. Finally, some are involved in integration site selection. We have studied the role of the histone deacetylase HDAC4 in these processes. HDAC4 was demonstrated to play a role in both cellular double-strand DNA break repair and transcriptional regulation. We observed that HDAC4 associates with viral DNA in an integrase-dependent manner. Moreover, infection with HIV-1-based vectors induces foci of the HDAC4 protein. The related histone deacetylases, HDAC2 and HDAC6, failed to associate with viral DNA after infection. These data suggest that HDAC4 accumulates at integration sites. Finally, overexpression studies with HDAC4 mutants suggest that HDAC4 may be required for efficient transduction by HIV-1-based vectors in cells that are deficient in other DNA repair proteins. We conclude that HDAC4 is likely involved in PIR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases-Center for Human Virology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Johanna A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Daniel
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000073864:Histone Deacetylase 6; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D011485:Protein Binding; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D019427:HIV Integrase; C533423:HDAC2 protein, human; C400300:HDAC4 protein, human; C433811:HDAC6 protein, human; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2; D000073864:Histone Deacetylase 6; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; C514801:p31 integrase protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1