title: Evaluation of EBT-2 model GAFCHROMIC film performance in water.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors present results of the measurements on the impact of radiochromic film immersion in water. The impact of film piece size, initial optical density, postimmersion waiting time prior to scanning, and the time film was kept in water has been investigated. The authors also investigated the pathways of water penetration into the film during the film immersion in water.
  
  
  METHODS
  To study the impact of water immersion on change in optical density, the authors used various sizes of the latest EBT-2 model GAFCHROMICTM film: 2 x 2, 4 x 4, and 8 x 8 in.2. In addition, to test any existing dependence of the film's optical density on water diffusion, the authors used two sets of films: Unexposed (0 Gy) and film pieces exposed to a dose of 3 Gy. Times that film pieces were left in water ranged from 30 min to 24 h, and once the film was permanently removed from water, the authors also studied the impact of the scanning time (deltat) that ranged from 0 (films scanned right after removal from water) to 72 h postimmersion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While the penetration depth can reach as much as 9 mm around the edges of the EBT-2 GAFCHROMIC film, the anticipated dose error due to the change in optical density due to the water immersion appears to be negligible for the short immersions of the order of 30 min. However, as the immersion time increases, the anticipated dose error may reach 22 cGy on a 2 x 2 in.2 piece of film, which corresponds to 7% dose error at 3 Gy of measured dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this work, the authors report on an undoubted impact of radiochromic film immersion in water on the measured change in optical density, which may lead to systematic errors in dose measurements if the film is kept in water for longer periods of time. The magnitude of the impact depends on many parameters: Size of the film piece, initial optical density, postimmersion waiting time prior to scanning (defined by the current radiochromic film dosimetry protocol in. place), and the time film was kept in water. The authors also suggested various approaches in correcting for the change in netOD due to water penetration into the film, but the authors believe that the use of the control film piece would be the most appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Medical Physics Unit, McGill University, Montrial, Quebec H3G 1A4, Canada. saad.aldelaijan@mail.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Saad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aldelaijan
authors.forename: Slobodan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Devic
authors.forename: Huriyyah
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mohammed
authors.forename: Nada
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomic
authors.forename: Li-Heng
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: DeBlois
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seuntjens
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D007101:Immersion; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water