Clinical features of a Dutch cohort of critically ill children due to the 2009 new influenza A H1N1 pandemic.
OBJECTIVE
This study describes the clinical course, treatment, and outcome of 13 critically ill children due to infection with new influenza A H1N1, admitted to 2 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) in the northwestern part of the Netherlands.


METHODS
Retrospective case series, conducted in 2 PICUs in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.


RESULTS
A total of 13 children with a new influenza A H1N1 infection were admitted at 2 Dutch PICUs. The majority of these children were 12 to 16 years old and had an underlying disease. All children required mechanical ventilatory support. Shock was present in 7 of 13 (54%) children. Two children were transferred to a supraregional PICU with facilities for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.


CONCLUSIONS
In a Dutch cohort of 13 critically ill children due to infection with new influenza (H1N1), respiratory (100%) and circulatory (54%) failure characterized the course of this infection in most of these children. All children survived.
van Zwol
Annelies
A
Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands. a.vanzwol@vumc.nl
Witteveen
Ralph
R
Markhorst
Dick
D
Geukers
Vincent G M
VG
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012769:Shock / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology; D016896:Treatment Outcome