title: [Sonographic diagnostics of proximal humerus fractures in juveniles].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The exact determination of the extent of deformities in juvenile proximal humerus fractures is difficult with plain x-rays. The aim of this study was to find out whether proximal humerus fractures can be diagnosed and the extent of the deformity can be detected by ultrasonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective, multicentre trial children aged 0-12 years with suspected proximal humerus fractures were examined. Initially a standardized sonographic evaluation was performed and the extent and the direction of the deformity were determined. The recommended treatment was noted. Afterwards standard x-rays were taken and the results of both diagnostic procedures were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 33 children were examined, 14 male and 19 female, with a mean age of 7.6 years. In the ultrasound examination 17 out of 18 proximal humerus fractures were detected. In comparison to x-ray diagnostics ultrasonography proved to have a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 100%. In 16 cases ultrasonography gave a better result than x-ray imaging and x-ray was better in 5 cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonography is suitable for detection and exclusion of fractures and better than x-ray diagnosis for evaluation of the type and direction of deformations of proximal humerus fractures.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Orthopädie und Unfallchirurgie, Klinikum Duisburg, Zu den Rehwiesen 9, 47055 Duisburg. ole.ackermann@gmx.de [corrected]
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ackermann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sesia
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berberich
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liedgens
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grosser
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roessler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rülander
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vogel
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012784:Shoulder Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography