title: Plasma glucose levels and white blood cell count are related with ankle brachial index in type 2 diabetic subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). A simple, noninvasive method for the estimation of PAD is ankle brachial index (ABI). The aim of the present study was to determine whether there is an association between ABI and cardiovascular risk factors in T2DM subjects without apparent macrovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 125 T2DM subjects (84 males, 41 females, mean age ± standard deviation 62.2 ± 9.1 years) who had no apparent macrovascular disease and who attended the Health Center of Erymantheia between January 2008 and June 2009 were recruited to the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the study subjects 20% (n=25) had ABI <0.90. Univariate linear regression analysis showed that ABI was significantly associated with history of hypertension (p=0.02), fasting serum glucose levels (p=0.02), serum urea levels (p=0.005), serum uric acid levels (p=0.007) and white blood cell (WBC) count (p=0.04). Multivariate linear regression analysis demonstrated significant independent associations between ABI and fasting serum glucose levels (p=0.03) as well as WBC count (p=0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated plasma glucose and WBC count increase the risk of PAD in asymptomatic diabetics.
authors.affiliation: 3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Center of Diabetes, General Hospital of Nikaia Ag. Panteleimon, Piraeus, Greece. pathan@ath.forthnet.gr
authors.forename: Athanasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papazafiropoulou
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kardara
authors.forename: Alexios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sotiropoulos
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bousboulas
authors.forename: Petroula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stamataki
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pappas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058729:Peripheral Arterial Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose