title: Utility of immediate cytologic diagnosis of lung masses using ultrafast Papanicolaou stain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  At Kagawa University Hospital we conduct immediate cytology using ultrafast Papanicolaou (U-Pap) stain when collecting cytology specimens by bronchoscopy or CT-guided needle aspiration, and report here an investigation of its utility.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 503 patients for whom a final histopathological diagnosis could be made, taken from among 568 immediate cytology patients between July 2000 and June 2008. In immediate cytology at our hospital, a cytotechnologist goes to the bronchoscopy room just before tissue is collected. U-Pap stain is done immediately and examined microscopically. A tentative report is made orally on the spot as to the specimen adequacy, whether it is benign or malignant, and the presumed histopathological type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 503 patients, the sample was inadequate in only two cases and there were no false positives. With respect to diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity was 82.9%, specificity was 100%, and the correct diagnosis rate was 85.6%. For lesions ≤3 cm, sensitivity was 77.2%, specificity was 100%, and the correct diagnosis rate was 81.3%, and for lesions ≤2 cm sensitivity was 74.7%, specificity was 100%, and the correct diagnosis rate was 81.3%. Diagnostic accuracy was thus maintained even for small lesions. No false positive case was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because immediate cytology enables more precise sample collection, it is thought to be a useful technique that leads to improved diagnostic accuracy, while also improving the technical skill of the doctor collecting samples through immediate feedback.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1 Ikenobe, Miki-Cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa prefecture, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bando
authors.forename: Reiji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haba
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kushida
authors.forename: Kyuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katsuki
authors.forename: Kiyomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohmichi
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kouno
authors.forename: Toshitetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D014621:Vagina / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents