The effects of metabolic conditions on prostate cancer incidence over 15 years of follow-up: results from the Olmsted County Study.
OBJECTIVE
• To determine if combinations of obesity, hypertension and diabetes influence the development of prostate cancer over 15 years of follow-up.


METHODS
• In 1990, a randomly selected cohort of Caucasian men from Olmsted County, MN, USA, aged 40-79 years, was recruited; 2445 completed a questionnaire that included physician-diagnosed diabetes and hypertension. • Anthropometric measures were collected during clinical examination. Biopsy-confirmed prostate cancer was identified from medical records. • Proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the effects of these metabolic conditions, both individually and in combination, on the incidence rate of prostate cancer.


RESULTS
• Men with hypertension alone or in combination with diabetes were more likely to develop prostate cancer than were men without any of the metabolic conditions. • The metabolic syndrome - the presence of all three conditions compared with men with no metabolic components - was only minimally and inversely associated with prostate cancer [hazard ratio (HR): 0.81; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.20, 3.3] and no monotonic association between the number of metabolic components and prostate cancer was observed.


CONCLUSIONS
• Our results suggest that it may not be sufficient to treat metabolic conditions as one variable when investigating the aetiology of prostate cancer in Caucasian men. • Further research should focus on the separate and combined effects of these metabolic conditions in large samples.
Wallner
Lauren P
LP
Department of Urology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. lwallner@umich.edu
Morgenstern
Hal
H
McGree
Michaela E
ME
Jacobson
Debra J
DJ
St Sauver
Jennifer L
JL
Jacobsen
Steven J
SJ
Sarma
Aruna V
AV
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*