title: Simultaneous versus delayed treatment of tobacco dependence in alcohol-dependent outpatients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a high prevalence of smoking among heavy drinkers, which is often forgotten even though it has important health consequences.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects that providing an intensive tobacco cessation treatment simultaneously with alcohol dependence treatment versus delayed treatment (first alcohol and 6 months later tobacco) has on alcohol and tobacco consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-two alcohol-dependent smokers were randomized into either a simultaneous group, in which treatment was given concurrently for quitting both alcohol and tobacco, or a delayed group, in which help to quit smoking was given after 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were found in alcohol abstinence rates in time-to-first relapse or in cumulative abstinence at 6 months. Smoking cessation rates were low overall, but better at 3 months in the simultaneous group, although differences later disappeared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Participation in a smoking cessation program does not impair alcohol outcomes, at least during the first 6 months.
authors.affiliation: Unitat d'Alcohologia, Hospital Clínic, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. gnieva@vhebron.net
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nieva
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mondon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballbè
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gual
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult