Comparison of the incidence of influenza in relation to climate factors during 2000-2007 in five countries.
Relatively few international comparisons of the incidence of influenza related to climate parameters have been performed, particularly in the Eastern hemisphere. In this study, the incidence of influenza and climate data such as temperature, relative humidity, and rainfall, from cities at different latitudes with contrasting climates: Singapore, Hong Kong (China), Ulaanbaatar (Mongolia), Vancouver (Canada), and three Australian cities (Brisbane, Melbourne and Sydney) were examined to determine whether there was any overall relationship between the incidence of influenza and climate. Applying time-series analyses to the more comprehensive datasets, it was found that relative humidity was associated with the incidence of influenza A in Singapore, Hong Kong, Brisbane, and Vancouver. In the case of influenza B, the mean temperature was the key climate variable associated with the incidence of influenza in Hong Kong, Brisbane, Melbourne, and Vancouver. Rainfall was not significantly correlated with the incidence of influenza A or B in any of these cities.
Tang
Julian W
JW
Department of Laboratory Medicine, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. jwtang49@hotmail.com
Lai
Florence Y L
FY
Nymadawa
P
P
Deng
Yi-Mo
YM
Ratnamohan
Mala
M
Petric
Martin
M
Loh
Tze Ping
TP
Tee
Nancy W S
NW
Dwyer
Dominic E
DE
Barr
Ian G
IG
Wong
Felix Y W
FY
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002947:Cities / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002980:Climate; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009980:Influenza A virus; D009981:Influenza B virus; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D008986:Mongolia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011891:Rain; D012621:Seasons; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D013696:Temperature