title: 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid potentiates apoptotic effect of trichostatin A on human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cell lines.
abstract: The licorice-derived compounds glycyrrhizin and 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid have been shown to induce apoptosis in various cancer cells. However, the effect of these licorice compounds on the apoptotic effect of histone deacetylase inhibitors in epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells has not been determined. We assessed the effect of 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid on trichostatin A-induced apoptosis in the human epithelial carcinoma cell lines OVCAR-3 and SK-OV-3. Trichostatin A induced nuclear damage, decreased Bid and Bcl-2 protein levels, increased in Bax levels, induced cytochrome c release, activated caspase-8, -9 and -3, and increased tumor suppressor p53 levels. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid potentiated the trichostatin A-induced apoptosis-related protein activation and cell death. Unlike 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid, up to 25 μM of the pro-compound glycyrrhizin did not induce cell death and did not affect trichostatin A-induced apoptosis. The results suggest that 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid may potentiate the apoptotic effects of trichostatin A against ovarian carcinoma cell lines by increasing the activation of the caspase-8-dependent pathway as well as the activation of the mitochondria-mediated cell death pathway, leading to activation of caspases. 18β-Glycyrrhetinic acid may enhance the therapeutic effect of trichostatin A against epithelial ovarian adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, South Korea. leecs@cau.ac.kr
authors.forename: Chung Soo
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae Chon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yun Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun-Ra
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Wonyong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soon Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Myung
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000494:pharmacology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D011355:Prodrugs; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C119129:18alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid; C012589:trichostatin A; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid