title: Long-term stability of anterior open-bite treatment by intrusion of maxillary posterior teeth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anterior open bite results from the combined influences of skeletal, dental, functional, and habitual factors. The long-term stability of anterior open bite corrected with absolute anchorage has not been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of this study was to examine the long-term stability of anterior open-bite correction with intrusion of the maxillary posterior teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine adults with anterior open bite were treated by intrusion of the maxillary posterior teeth. Lateral cephalographs were taken immediately before and after treatment, 1 year posttreatment, and 3 years posttreatment to evaluate the postintrusion stability of the maxillary posterior teeth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On average, the maxillary first molars were intruded by 2.39 mm (P<0.01) during treatment and erupted by 0.45 mm (P<0.05) at the 3-year follow-up, for a relapse rate of 22.88%. Eighty percent of the total relapse of the intruded maxillary first molars occurred during the first year of retention. Incisal overbite increased by a mean of 5.56 mm (P<0.001) during treatment and decreased by a mean of 1.20 mm (P<0.05) by the end of the 3-year follow-up period, for a relapse rate of 17.00%. Incisal overbite significantly relapsed during the first year of retention (P<0.05) but did not exhibit significant recurrence between the 1-year and 3-year follow-ups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most relapse occurred during the first year of retention. Thus, it is reasonable to conclude that the application of an appropriate retention method during this period clearly enhances the long-term stability of the treatment.
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Instititute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Man-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.affiliation: Clincial and research assistant professor, Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Instititute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon-Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Instititute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Seog
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.affiliation: Associate professor, Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Instititute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kee-Joon
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.affiliation: Graduate student, Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Instititute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jinny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.affiliation: Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Oral Science Research Center, Instititute of Craniofacial Deformity, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address: ypark@yuhs.ac.
authors.forename: Young-Chel
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws; D002508:Cephalometry; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D008963:Molar; D024343:Open Bite / Q000628:therapy*; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018704:Orthodontic Retainers; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D055815:Young Adult