title: Follistatin-like 1 regulates renal IL-1β expression in cisplatin nephrotoxicity.
abstract: Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is a secreted protein with homology to both Follistatin and the SPARC/BM40 family of matricellular proteins. In this study, we sought to determine the expression patterns of Fstl1 and its cognate receptor Dip2a in the adult, and to assess the consequences of Fstl1 inactivation on development and homeostasis of the kidney. We find that FSTL1 circulates at high levels in both the human and the mouse and that it is also locally expressed in the loop of Henle in the kidney. To begin to understand the in vivo functions of Fstl1, we generated a mouse mutant using a genetrap approach. The hypomorphic Fstl1 genetrap strain displays a strong reduction in FSTL1 expression at the protein level, but it does not show overt developmental defects. FSTL1 has previously been implicated in diverse disease processes as a regulator of inflammatory cytokine expression, and we therefore evaluated the response of the genetrap strain to cisplatin-mediated acute kidney injury, a disease model with highly cytokine-dependent pathology. We find that although TNF-α and Il6 levels are unchanged relative to wild-type, renal Il-1β expression is increased in genetrap mice following cisplatin treatment. Furthermore, histopatological analysis, expression of the tissue injury marker Havcr1, and measurement of serum creatinine demonstrate that reduction of Fstl1 expression sensitizes the kidney to acute cisplatin nephrotoxicity, suggesting a role for FSTL1-mediated Il-1β suppression in protection of the kidney from acute nephrotoxic injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, Maine 04074, USA.
authors.forename: Derek C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Michele J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Karolak
authors.forename: Barry W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Larman
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Nolin
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oxburgh
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000633:toxicity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D038702:Follistatin-Related Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D006801:Humans; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C554848:Dip2a protein, mouse; D038702:Follistatin-Related Proteins; C448720:Fstl1 protein, mouse; C442240:Havcr1 protein, mouse; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C465508:disco-interacting protein 2, mouse; D003404:Creatinine; D002945:Cisplatin