title: Permeability profiles in granular aquifers using flowmeters in direct-push wells.
abstract: Numerical hydrogeological models should ideally be based on the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity (K), a property rarely defined on the basis of sufficient data due to the lack of efficient characterization methods. Electromagnetic borehole flowmeter measurements during pumping in uncased wells can effectively provide a continuous vertical distribution of K in consolidated rocks. However, relatively few studies have used the flowmeter in screened wells penetrating unconsolidated aquifers, and tests conducted in gravel-packed wells have shown that flowmeter data may yield misleading results. This paper describes the practical application of flowmeter profiles in direct-push wells to measure K and delineate hydrofacies in heterogeneous unconsolidated aquifers having low-to-moderate K (10(-6) to 10(-4) m/s). The effect of direct-push well installation on K measurements in unconsolidated deposits is first assessed based on the previous work indicating that such installations minimize disturbance to the aquifer fabric. The installation and development of long-screen wells are then used in a case study validating K profiles from flowmeter tests at high-resolution intervals (15 cm) with K profiles derived from multilevel slug tests between packers at identical intervals. For 119 intervals tested in five different wells, the difference in log K values obtained from the two methods is consistently below 10%. Finally, a graphical approach to the interpretation of flowmeter profiles is proposed to delineate intervals corresponding to distinct hydrofacies, thus providing a method whereby both the scale and magnitude of K contrasts in heterogeneous unconsolidated aquifers may be represented.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Centre Eau Terre Environnement, Québec, Canada. Daniel.Paradis@RNCan-NRCan.gc.ca
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paradis
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lefebvre
authors.forename: Roger H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: Erwan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gloaguen
mesh_terms: D045268:Flowmeters; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D010539:Permeability; D058438:Water Cycle; D014872:Water Movements