title: Mediterranean mussel gene expression profile induced by okadaic acid exposure.
abstract: Seasonal seawater temperature increases define optimal growth conditions for Dinoflagellate species which can reach high concentrations in water column and also in filter-feeding organisms like Mytilus galloprovincialis. Commonly produced by Dinophysis and Prorocentrum spp., okadaic acid (OA) and its analogues are responsible for the Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) syndrome in humans. Closure of shellfishing grounds is therefore recommended by the EU when DSP toxin levels in shellfish exceed 16 μg OA 100 g(-1) flesh. Despite not being responsible for casualties either in humans or mussels, DSP outbreaks are considered natural events causing health and economic issues due to the frequency of their occurrence. Since gene expression studies offer a wide range of different solutions, we used a mussel cDNA microarray to evaluate gene expression changes in the digestive gland of mussels fed for five weeks with OA-contaminated nutrient. Among the differentially expressed genes we observed a general up-regulation of transcripts coding for stress proteins, proteins involved in cellular synthesis, and a few not annotated proteins. Overall, at the first time point analyzed we identified 58 candidate transcripts for OA-induced stress in mussels, half of which have unknown function. In this paper we present the first gene expression analysis performed on Mediterranean mussels exposed to okadaic acid. The characterization of these transcripts could be useful for the identification of an early physiological response to OA exposure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Sciences, Università di Trieste, P.le Valmaura, 9, Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Manfrin
authors.forename: Rene'
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dreos
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Battistella
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beran
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerdol
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Varotto
authors.forename: Gerolamo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lanfranchi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Venier
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pallavicini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D049878:Mytilus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D057096:Shellfish Poisoning / Q000209:etiology; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008387:Marine Toxins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D019319:Okadaic Acid