title: Effect of wheat bran and flaxseed on cadmium effects and retention in rats.
abstract: Dietary fiber can affect cadmium (Cd) absorption and toxicity, but the effect appears to depend on the type of dietary fiber. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of dietary sources containing distinct amounts of soluble and insoluble fiber on Cd absorption, accumulation and toxicity in growing rats. The absorption of essential macrominerals (Ca, P and Mg) was also evaluated. Animals received a nutritionally balanced diet with cellulose (cel - control), wheat bran or flaxseed as the fiber source with 0 or 50 mg Cd kg(-1) diet, during 30 days. Cd exposure reduced body weight gain, feed efficiency ratio, epididymal fat relative weight and liver relative weight, and increased plasma alanine aminotransferase activity in all fiber groups. The apparent Cd absorption was similar among Cd-groups, but the flax-Cd group had a higher hepatic and renal Cd concentration. Cd decreased the absorption of Ca and P, and increased Mg absorption in the wheat bran and flaxseed groups, but not in the cel group. Although the different fiber sources investigated had no effect on Cd toxicity, the major soluble fiber source, flaxseed, increased Cd retention. Thus, caution should be taken in the intake of flaxseed by Cd-exposed populations.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program on Toxicological Biochemistry, Center of Natural and Exact Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS Brazil. mariadagracakc@gmail.com
authors.forename: M G K
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Callegaro
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Milbradt
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Diettrich
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kemerich
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Hausen
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: E M M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Dressler
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning; D002105:Cadmium Poisoning / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning; D019597:Flax / Q000737:chemistry*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D028321:Plant Preparations; D019256:Cadmium Chloride