Suppression of density fluctuations in a quantum degenerate Fermi gas.
We study density profiles of an ideal Fermi gas and observe Pauli suppression of density fluctuations (atom shot noise) for cold clouds deep in the quantum degenerate regime. Strong suppression is observed for probe volumes containing more than 10 000 atoms. Measuring the level of suppression provides sensitive thermometry at low temperatures. After this method of sensitive noise measurements has been validated with an ideal Fermi gas, it can now be applied to characterize phase transitions in strongly correlated many-body systems.
Sanner
Christian
C
MIT-Harvard Center for Ultracold Atoms, Research Laboratory of Electronics, and Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Su
Edward J
EJ
Keshet
Aviv
A
Gommers
Ralf
R
Shin
Yong-Il
YI
Huang
Wujie
W
Ketterle
Wolfgang
W