Cytogenetic findings in adult secondary acute myeloid leukemia (AML): frequency of favorable and adverse chromosomal aberrations do not differ from adult de novo AML.
During a 15-year period, 161 adult patients were diagnosed with secondary acute myeloid leukemia (s-AML) in the region of Southern Denmark. In 73 patients, the AML diagnosis was preceded by myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS-AML), in 31 patients by an antecedent hematologic disease, and in 57 patients by treatment with chemotherapy and/or irradiation (t-AML). Cytogenetic analysis was carried out in 93%, of which 61% had clonal chromosome aberrations. MDS-AML correlated to a normal karyotype (P < 0.001). t-AML correlated to abnormal clones with numerical and structural aberrations (P = 0.03), five or more unrelated aberrations (P = 0.03), marker chromosomes (P = 0.006), abnormal mitoses only (P = 0.01), female sex (P < 0.001), and -7 (P = 0.006). Centromeric breakage correlated to a complex karyotype (P = 0.01). The frequencies of aberrations in s-AML patients were compared with an age-matched group of de novo AML patients diagnosed in the same area and period. In this comparison, s-AML only correlated to -7 (P = 0.02). In 42 patients, we found that MDS patients with an abnormal karyotype were more likely to show cytogenetic evolution during progression to AML than MDS patients with a normal karyotype (P = 0.01). We conclude that population-based cytogenetic studies of adult s-AML and age- and sex-matched de novo AML show comparable distributions of chromosome abnormalities.
Preiss
Birgitte S
BS
Department of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Odense C, Denmark. birgitte.preiss@ouh.regionsyddanmark.dk
Bergmann
Olav J
OJ
Bergman
Olav J
OJ
Friis
Lone S
LS
Sørensen
Anne G
AG
Frederiksen
Michael
M
Gadeberg
Ole V
OV
Mourits-Andersen
Torben
T
Oestergaard
Birthe
B
Kerndrup
Gitte B
GB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D019457:Chromosome Breakage; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007621:Karyotyping; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D011003:Ploidies; D055815:Young Adult