title: Assessment of coronary veins in patients with isolated coronary artery ectasia by antegrade coronary venous angiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is characterized by an abnormal dilatation of the coronary arteries. The most common cause of CAE is atherosclerosis but other possible etiologies include congenital abnormalities and inflammatory and connective tissue disease. Earlier studies have documented the association of CAE with the presence of aneurysms in other vascular beds. However, cardiac venous system in patients with isolated CAE has not been studied earlier. In this study, we aimed to assess coronary venous vessels by antegrade coronary venous angiography in patients with isolated CAE.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with isolated CAE without significant stenosis and 21 age-matched and sex-matched controls without CAE were included in this study. The anatomy of the coronary venous system was imaged in a left anterior oblique view at an angle of 45° by antegrade coronary angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with isolated CAE had significantly larger coronary veins compared with control individuals with angiographically normal coronary arteries (coronary sinus ostium: 10.1 ± 1.0 vs. 8.5 ± 2.2 mm, respectively, P=0.003; coronary sinus mid level: 7.9 ± 1.4 vs. 6.5 ± 1.6, respectively, P=0.003; great cardiac vein: 5.6 ± 1.0 vs. 4.3 ± 0.8, respectively, P=0.001; middle cardiac vein: 3.9 ± 1.3 vs. 3.7 ± 1.4, respectively, P=0.52; posterior or lateral vein: 3.2 ± 1.1 vs. 2.4 ± 0.7, respectively, P=0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have shown for the first time a significant dilatation in the coronary veins in patients with isolated CAE, suggesting the presence of a more extensive vascular destruction in the coronary circulation.
authors.affiliation: Ankara Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Bilkent, Turkey. eminebilen35@gmail.com
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bilen
authors.forename: Ayse Saatci
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Yasar
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bilge
authors.forename: Isa Oner
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tolunay
authors.forename: Emrah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ipek
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karakas
authors.forename: Gokturk
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ipek
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Aslantas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology*; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014421:Turkey; D014680:Veins / Q000473:pathology*