title: High-dose conformal radiotherapy for patients with stage III non-small-cell lung carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of high-dose conformal radiotherapy to the involved field for patients with Stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 1999 and April 2006, a total of 100 consecutive patients with inoperable Stage IIIA or IIIB NSCLC with a performance score of 0 to 2 and treatment by radical radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy were included. Up to August 2002, 33 patients underwent conventional radiotherapy of 56 Gy to 66 Gy using anteroposterior opposite ports to the primary tumor and elective lymph nodes (conventional group). After September 2002, the remaining 67 patients underwent high-dose radiotherapy of 66 Gy to 84 Gy to the involved volume with three-dimensional (3-D) conformal radiotherapy (conformal group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median survival was 13.2 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.5-18.5 months) in the conventional group and 17.3 months (95% CI, 10.7- 24.0 months) in the conformal group. The overall survival at 3 years were 9.1% (95% CI, -0.7-18.9%) in the conventional group and 31.0% (95% CI, 18.9-43.1%) in the conformal group; the conformal group had a significantly better overall survival (p < 0.05). The radiotherapy method (hazard ratio = 0.55, p < 0.05) and performance status (hazard ratio = 1.48, p < 0.05) were shown to be statistically significant independent prognostic factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on the practical experience reported here, 3-D conformal radiotherapy allowed dose escalation without excessive toxicity, and may improve overall survival rates for patients with Stage III NSCLC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Tsukuba Medical Center, Ibaraki, Japan. hnakayam@tmch.or.jp
authors.forename: Hidetsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurishima
authors.forename: Hiroichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuuye
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D015182:Lymphatic Irradiation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis; D047368:Tumor Burden