title: Serum inflammatory markers in overweight children and adolescents with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity, a worldwide pandemia, is associated with a large variety of comorbidities, among which is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. NAFLD is a complex disease that may eventually lead to cirrhosis, posing a high risk for the patient and thus necessitating early diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between ultrasonographically diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and the levels of serum inflammatory markers in obese children and adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective cohort study was conducted in children and adolescents attending the endocrine obesity clinic in a tertiary care children's hospital in 2001-2003. Blood tests and ultrasound were performed to detect the presence of fatty liver. The severity of fatty liver was determined by measuring the liver/kidney echogenicity ratio (hepatorenal index). Blood tests included complete blood count, liver enzymes, lipid profile, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A, and the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation as measured in peripheral blood slides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 30 boys and 34 girls, age 9-21 years, who participated in the study were divided into those who evidenced NAFLD on ultrasound (Group 1, n=37) and those whose liver appeared normal on ultrasound (Group 2, n=24). ESR, hs-CRP, SAA and the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation were compared between the groups. There was no significant association between elevated ESR, the levels of CRP, SAA and/or the degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/aggregation and the hepatorenal index and NAFLD. The degree of erythrocyte adhesiveness/ aggregation correlated with body mass index-standard deviation score in both genders (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fatty liver itself may not be a cofactor in stimulating inflammatory markers in obese patients. Obese children diagnosed with NAFLD may have simple steatosis and their increased inflammatory markers are therefore compatible with those expected in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's Hospital, Rambam Health Care Campus, affiliated with Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-lsrael Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. g_neuman@rambam.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Gal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neuman
authors.forename: Rami
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sagi
authors.forename: Shlomit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shalitin
authors.forename: Shimon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reif
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002648:Child; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D002097:C-Reactive Protein