title: In vitro and in vivo efficacy of Acorus calamus extract against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.
abstract: To develop a environment friendly control measure against cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, medicinally important plants were identified and extracts were prepared. Twelve 95% ethanolic, thirteen 50% hydroethanolic and nine hot water extracts were prepared and tested against laboratory reared homogenous colony of R. (B.) microplus. Amongst the 34 extracts, 26 extracts showed no mortality within 72 h of application while 12.0 ± 4.9% to 35.0 ± 9.6% mortality of treated ticks was recorded in other extracts. Of the effective extracts, the extract prepared from rhizome of Acorus calamus proved highly efficacious and 100% final mortality within 14 DPT was recorded. The LC85 value of the extract was determined as 11.26. In vivo experiments confirmed the efficacy of the extract up to 42%, and repeat application was required after 7 DPT. The extract was found safe and no reaction was observed when animals were treated with 50% of the concentration, which was five times of the concentration used for in vivo studies. The possibility of using the extract for the control of cattle tick is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Entomology Laboratory, Parasitology Division, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, 243122, Bareilly, UP, India. sghoshp@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Srikanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghosh
authors.forename: Anil Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Sachin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Shashi Shankar
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Tiwari
authors.forename: Subha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rastogi
authors.forename: Sharad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Mahima
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rinesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Souvik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Ajay Kumar Singh
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Rawat
mesh_terms: D056810:Acaricides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D029023:Acorus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D048494:Rhipicephalus / Q000187:drug effects*; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013984:Tick Infestations / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D056810:Acaricides; D010936:Plant Extracts