title: Estimates of interethnic admixture in the Brazilian population using a panel of 24 X-linked insertion/deletion markers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we aimed to identify ancestry informative haplotypes and make interethnic admixture estimates using X-chromosome markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A significant sample (461 individuals) of European, African, and Native American populations was analyzed, and four linkage groups were identified. The data obtained were used to describe the ancestral contribution of populations from four different geographical regions of Brazil (745 individuals).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The global interethnic admixture estimates of the four mixed populations under investigation were calculated applying all the 24 insertion/deletion (INDEL) markers. In the North region, a larger Native Americans ancestry was observed (42%). The Northeast and Southeast regions had smaller Native American contribution (27% in both of them). In the South region, there was a large European contribution (46%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The estimates obtained are compatible with expectations for a colonization model with biased admixture between European men (one X chromosome) and Native American and African women (two X chromosomes), so the 24 X-INDEL panel described here can be a useful to make admixture interethnic estimates in Brazilian populations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, Para, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael Lima
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Resque
authors.forename: Natalle Do Socorro Da Costa
authors.initials: Ndo S
authors.lastname: Freitas
authors.forename: Elzemar Martins Ribeiro
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: João Farias
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Guerreiro
authors.forename: Ney Pereira Carneiro Dos
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ribeiro dos Santos
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zago
authors.forename: Sidney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D051456:Gene Flow; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D054643:INDEL Mutation; D008297:Male; D044469:Racial Groups
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers