title: Dual inhibitory effect of Glycyrrhiza glabra (GutGard™) on COX and LOX products.
abstract: Glycyrrhiza glabra and its phytoconstituents have been known to possess widespread pharmacological properties as an anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, antitumour and hepatoprotective drug. In this study, we examined the inhibitory potential of extract of G. glabra (GutGard™) root and its phytoconstituents (glabridin, glycyrrhizin, and isoliquiritigenin) on both cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) products in order to understand the mechanism of its anti-inflammatory action. Inhibitory effect of GutGard™ and its phytoconstituents on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), calcimycin (A23187) induced thromboxane (TXB(2)), and leukotriene (LTB(4)) release was studied using murine macrophages (J774A.1) and human neutrophil (HL-60) cells. Results revealed that, G. glabra and glabridin significantly inhibited PGE(2), TXB(2) (COX) and LTB(4) (LOX), while, isoliquiritigenin exerted inhibitory effect only against COX products but failed to suppress LOX product. However, glycyrrhizin at the tested concentrations failed to exhibit inhibitory effect on both COX and LOX products. Here, we report for the first time that G. glabra (almost devoid of glycyrrhizin) exhibits anti-inflammatory property likely through the inhibition of PGE(2), TXB(2) and LTB(4) in mammalian cell assay system, which could be influenced in part by glabridin and isoliquiritigenin.
authors.affiliation: R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Pvt. Ltd., Bangalore, India. cvc@naturalremedy.com
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Chandrasekaran
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Deepak
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thiyagarajan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kathiresan
authors.forename: Gopal Krishna
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Sangli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deepak
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D047188:Chalcones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000187:drug effects*; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D047188:Chalcones; C554040:GutGard; D007529:Isoflavones; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D000001:Calcimycin; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C040920:isoliquiritigenin; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C107601:glabridin; D015232:Dinoprostone