Factors of risk and maintenance for eating disorders: psychometric exploration of the cross-cultural questionnaire (CCQ) across five European countries.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the psychometric properties of the Cross-Cultural Questionnaire (CCQ), a new self-report tool for assessing factors of risk and maintenance for eating disorders (ED).


METHODS
Data was collected during a multi-centre case-control study. The sample included 854 ED patients and 784 healthy participants from the UK, Spain, Austria, Slovenia and Italy. Exploratory factor analyses examined the factor structure of each section of the CCQ, and Cronbach's alpha coefficients valued the internal consistency of each derived scale score. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve procedure assessed the screening accuracy and predictive validity of the empirical factors.


RESULTS
Based on a total of 127 items, nine dimensions emerged, with satisfactory internal consistency and high congruence between countries. CCQ scores demonstrated satisfactory accuracy for discriminating between ED cases and controls (area under the ROC curve = 0.88). Most of the items achieved discriminative accuracy.


CONCLUSIONS
This study offers preliminary evidence that the CCQ, available in five languages, is a useful and valid tool to assess factors of risk and maintenance for EDs.
Penelo
Eva
E
Laboratori d'Estadística Aplicada, Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Spain.
Granero
Roser
R
Krug
Isabel
I
Treasure
Janet
J
Karwautz
Andreas
A
Anderluh
Marija
M
Bellodi
Laura
L
Cellini
Elena
E
di Bernardo
Milena
M
Nacmias
Benedetta
B
Ricca
Valdo
V
Sorbi
Sandro
S
Tchanturia
Kate
K
Wagner
Gudrun
G
Collier
David
D
Bonillo
Albert
A
Fernández-Aranda
Fernando
F
D000328:Adult; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D001828:Body Image; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D017524:Slovenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult