title: Identifying and classifying problem areas in laparoscopic skills acquisition: can simulators help?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Independent learning with simulators might be improved if simulators could "diagnose the learner" by identifying common novice problems, thereby directing self-guided learning. Our goal was to determine if data collected by a virtual reality simulator could be used to predict the problem areas in novice trainees' laparoscopic performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen expert laparoscopists were interviewed to identify common problem areas experienced by novices as they learn laparoscopy. Two expert laparoscopists rated 20 novices' simulator performances regarding the extent of each problem area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Moderate interrater reliability and high "interproblem" correlations suggest that experts did not reliably distinguish between the five identified problem areas as expected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The process by which expert teachers "diagnose" student difficulties did not reduce well to numeric assessments using linear independent scales in the simulated context. This finding raises challenges for our ability to identify such difficulties using the data collected by simulators.
authors.affiliation: The Wilson Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. elisa.greco@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Elisa F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Regehr
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okrainec
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D014584:User-Computer Interface