Theory of image formation using the Talbot effect.
The information inside each subcell of a two-dimensional periodic object is replicated throughout all the subcells of the unit cell at certain planes. An explicit expression describing the relative phase relationship among the replicated information is derived. From this expression, the wave amplitude at all the subcells caused by the interaction among the information coming from different subcells in the original object is obtained. A computer simulation of gray-level image synthesis using binary substructures and image differentiation is also given.
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