title: The effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy on the prognostic value of lymph nodes after rectal cancer surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neoadjuvant therapy may affect the prognostic impact of total lymph node harvests and lymph node positivity after surgery for rectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of 390 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed rectal cancer. Postoperative follow-up evaluation and survival were confirmed via medical record review. The impacts of lymph node positivity and total lymph node harvest on survival and recurrence are reflected as proportional hazard ratios (HRs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 221 patients underwent neoadjuvant therapy, of whom 75 had positive nodes. Node-positive patients showed a significantly shorter survival time (HR, 2.89; P = .002) and time to local recurrence (HR, 6.36; P = .031) compared with patients without positive nodes. Survival and recurrence were not significantly different between patients with a total harvest of fewer than 12 nodes and patients with a higher lymph node harvest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After neoadjuvant treatment and total mesorectal excision, lymph node positivity is associated with significantly shorter survival and time to local recurrence in rectal cancer patients, whereas absolute total lymph node harvests likely have little impact on prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of General and Gastrointestinal Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, 15 Parkman St., WAC 460, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Coen L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Klos
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Shellito
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Rattner
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hodin
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cusack
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bordeianou
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sylla
authors.forename: Theodore S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blaszkowsky
authors.forename: Davis P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Gregory Y
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lauwers
authors.forename: Yuchiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003082:Colectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents