title: Ethnic differences in the effect of asthma on pulmonary function in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of asthma on chronic lung function deficits is well known. However, there has been little study of ethnic differences in these asthma-associated deficits.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether there are ethnic differences in the effects of asthma on children's lung function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the impact of asthma on lung function in 3,245 Hispanic and non-Hispanic white school children (age 10-18 yr) in a longitudinal analysis of the Southern California Children's Health Study. Sex-specific mixed-effects regression spline models were fitted separately for each ethnic group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Large deficits in flows were observed among children with asthma diagnosed before age 4 years regardless of ethnicity. Hispanic girls with asthma had greater deficits in flows than non-Hispanic girls and were largest for maximal midexpiratory flow (-5.13% compared with -0.58%, respectively). A bigger impact of asthma in Hispanic girls was also found for FEV(1), FEF(75), and PEF (P value 0.04, 0.07, and 0.005, respectively). These ethnic differences were limited to girls diagnosed after age 4 years. In boys, asthma was also associated with greater deficits in flows among Hispanic than in non-Hispanic white children (differences that were not statistically significant). Ethnic differences in prevalence of pets and pests in the home, health insurance coverage, parental education, and smoking did not explain the pattern of lung function differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Larger asthma-associated lung function deficits in Hispanics, especially among girls, merit further investigation to determine public health implications and to identify causes amenable to intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gilliland
authors.forename: Kiros
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berhane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D001249:Asthma / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002140:California; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D017678:Sex Distribution; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*