title: Cryopreservation impact on blood progenitor cells: influence of diagnoses, mobilization treatments, and cell concentration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of cryopreservation in series of peripheral blood progenitor cells stratified by diagnosis, mobilization treatments, and cell concentration, as well as the accuracy of the control aliquots.
  
  
  METHODS
  Viability and colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage (CFU-GM), CD34+ cell, lymphocyte, monocyte, and granulocyte counts and recovery were analyzed in 397 leukapheresis procedures before freezing and after thawing. Data from control cryotubes were compared to those from infusing bags.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cell viability decreased after thawing. Viability recovery was lower in cryotubes than in bags in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), in cyclophosphamide plus granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (Cy+G-CSF) mobilization, and in cell concentration of median or greater. Viability recovery in cryotube was higher in NHL (92.1%) than in Hodgkin's disease (HD; 87.3%) and in G-CSF (95.9%) than Cy+G-CSF mobilization (91.3%). The number of CD34+ cells decreased after thawing in total group, Cy+G-CSF mobilization, and cell concentration less than median subgroups. CD34+ cell recovery was higher in cryotubes (111.3%) than in bags (99.6%) in multiple myeloma (MM; p = 0.015). CFU-GM decreased after thawing in all groups. CFU-GM recovery was lower in cryotubes than in bags in MM (26.0% vs. 59.3%) and in Cy+G-CSF mobilization (49.8% vs. 76.3%). CFU-GM recovery in cryotubes was lower in MM compared with NHL (61.5%), HD (45.1%), and breast cancer (84.0%). Lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes showed differences in the subgroups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cryopreservation negatively impacts in cell viability, CD34+ cell recovery, granulocytes, and CFU-GM, although slight differences between the groups were observed. Cryotubes satisfactorily reflected the quality of the infused cells.
authors.affiliation: Hospital V. Arrixaca, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain. juliana.majado@carm.es
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Majado
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salgado-Cecilia
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanquer
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Funes
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González-García
authors.forename: Carmen L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Insausti
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parrado
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minguela
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moraleda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D055014:Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007937:Leukapheresis; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult