title: Feasibility of (125)I brachytherapy combined with sorafenib treatment in patients with multiple lung metastases after liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate (125)I seed brachytherapy combined with sorafenib in the treatment of patients with multiple lung metastases after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 2006 to December 2009, eight patients with multiple lung metastases after OLT for HCC underwent (125)I brachytherapy combined with sorafenib, and laboratory and radiologic examinations were performed before and after the treatment. Changes in symptoms and survival time were noted at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up time ranged from 14 to 37 months. The local control rates of multiple lung metastases after OLT for HCC after 4, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months were 92.2, 82.4, 76.2, 73.3 and 72.2%, respectively. Four patients died (survival time 14, 15, 25 and 37 months, respectively), and four patients are alive at the time of this writing (follow-up time 18, 21, 26 and 30 months, respectively). The overall 1-, 2- and 3-year survival rates were 100, 50 and 12.5%, respectively. The median survival time was 21 months. Procedure-related complications were minimal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (125)I brachytherapy combined with sorafenib is safe, feasible and promising approach in the treatment of patients with multiple lung metastases after OLT for HCC, but large-scale randomized clinical trials are necessary for confirmation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging and Interventional Radiology, Cancer Center and State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University, 651 Dongfeng Road, East, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. lichuanh@mail.sysu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Chuanxing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zilin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Peihong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000601:surgery*; D002423:Cause of Death; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077157:Sorafenib; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D009536:Niacinamide; D000077157:Sorafenib