title: Cardiac magnetic resonance predicts outcome in patients with premature ventricular complexes of left bundle branch block morphology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether the presence of right ventricular (RV) abnormalities detected by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) predict adverse outcome in patients presenting with frequent premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) of left bundle branch block (LBBB) morphology.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  CMR is a component of the diagnostic workup for the differential diagnosis between arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) and idiopathic RV tachycardia. RV abnormalities evaluated by CMR could have prognostic importance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred forty consecutive patients with >1,000 PVCs of LBBB morphology (minor diagnostic criterion of ARVC/D) and no other pre-existing criteria were prospectively enrolled. RV wall motion (WM), signal abnormalities, dilation, and reduced ejection fraction evaluated by CMR were considered imaging criteria of ARVC/D. Follow-up was performed evaluating an index composite end point of 3 cardiac events: cardiac death, resuscitated cardiac arrest, and appropriate implantable cardiac-defibrillator shock.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with multiple RV abnormalities (RVA-2 group) had worse outcome than the no-RVA group (hazard ratio [HR]: 48.6; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 6.1 to 384.8; p < 0.001). Of the 61 patients in the RVA-2 group, only 6 had a definite diagnosis of ARVC/D applying the Task Force Criteria. Also, subjects with a single imaging criterion (RVA-1 group) had worse outcome than the no-RVA group (HR: 18.2; 95% CI: 2.0 to 162.6; p = 0.01). Patients with only WM abnormalities had higher prevalence of cardiac events than no-RVA (HR: 27.2; 95% CI: 3.0 to 244.0; p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In subjects with frequent PVC of LBBB morphology, CMR allows risk stratification. RV abnormalities were associated with worse outcome.
authors.affiliation: Gabriele Monasterio CNR-Tuscany Foundation, Via Donato 1, Pisa, Italy. aquaro@ifc.cnr.it
authors.forename: Giovanni Donato
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Aquaro
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pingitore
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Strata
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Bella
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Molinaro
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lombardi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D018879:Ventricular Premature Complexes / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult