title: Performances of toluene removal by activated carbon derived from durian shell.
abstract: In the effort to find alternative low cost adsorbent for volatile organic vapors has prompted this research in assessing the effectiveness of activated carbon produced from durian shell in removing toluene vapors. Durian shells were impregnated with different concentrations of H3PO4 followed by carbonization at 500 °C for 20 min under nitrogen atmosphere. The prepared durian shell activated carbon (DSAC) was characterized for its physical and chemical properties. The removal efficiency of toluene by DSAC was performed using different toluene concentrations. Results showed that the highest BET surface area of the produced DSAC was 1404 m2/g. Highest removal efficiency of toluene vapors was achieved by using DSAC impregnated with 30% of acid concentration heated at 500 °C for 20 min heating duration. However, there is insignificant difference between removal efficiency of toluene by DSAC and different toluene concentrations. The toluene adsorption by DSAC was better fitted into Freundlich model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tham
authors.forename: Puziah Abdul
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Latif
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shamala-Devi
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Taufiq-Yap
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D035161:Bombacaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D007700:Kinetics; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008956:Models, Chemical; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016062:Porosity; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties; D014050:Toluene / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D002606:Charcoal; D014050:Toluene