title: Broad detection of diverse H5 and H7 hemagglutinin genes of avian influenza viruses by real-time reverse transcription-PCR using primer and probe sets containing mixed bases.
abstract: Real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) was developed for broad detection of diverse H5 and H7 genes in Eurasian and American lineages of avian influenza viruses by using primer and probe sets containing mixed bases. Optimal use of the mixed bases enabled us to minimize sequence mismatches and to broaden the gene detection spectrum without decreasing sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Research Team for Zoonotic Diseases, National Institute of Animal Health, 3-1-5 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0856, Japan. ktsukamo@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Daigo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Koutaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shishido
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ashizawa
authors.forename: Min-Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Youn-Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral; C109963:hemagglutinin, avian influenza A virus