title: Neurodegenerative mutation in cytoplasmic dynein alters its organization and dynein-dynactin and dynein-kinesin interactions.
abstract: A single amino acid change, F580Y (Legs at odd angles (Loa), Dync1h1(Loa)), in the highly conserved and overlapping homodimerization, intermediate chain, and light intermediate chain binding domain of the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain can cause severe motor and sensory neuron loss in mice. The mechanism by which the Loa mutation impairs the neuron-specific functions of dynein is not understood. To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of neurodegeneration arising from this mutation, we applied a cohort of biochemical methods combined with in vivo assays to systemically study the effects of the mutation on the assembly of dynein and its interaction with dynactin. We found that the Loa mutation in the heavy chain leads to increased affinity of this subunit of cytoplasmic dynein to light intermediate and a population of intermediate chains and a suppressed association of dynactin to dynein. These data suggest that the Loa mutation drives the assembly of cytoplasmic dynein toward a complex with lower affinity to dynactin and thus impairing transport of cargos that tether to the complex via dynactin. In addition, we detected up-regulation of kinesin light chain 1 (KLC1) and its increased association with dynein but reduced microtubule-associated KLC1 in the Loa samples. We provide a model describing how up-regulation of KLC1 and its interaction with cytoplasmic dynein in Loa could play a regulatory role in restoring the retrograde and anterograde transport in the Loa neurons.
authors.affiliation: From School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9QG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Wenhan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garrett
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dombert
authors.forename: Violetta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soura
authors.forename: Gareth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Banks
authors.forename: Elizabeth M C
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Marcel P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: van der Brug
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hafezparast
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072159:Dynactin Complex; D016547:Kinesins; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000072159:Dynactin Complex; C516947:Dync1h1 protein, mouse; C000715695:Kns2 protein, mouse; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D056445:Cytoplasmic Dyneins; D016547:Kinesins