title: In vivo experimental models of epilepsy.
abstract: This study reviews the different in vivo experimental models that have been used for the study of epileptogenesis. In this review we will focus on how to replicate the different models that have led to the study of partial seizures, as well as generalized seizures and the status epilepticus. The main characteristics that participate in the processes that generate and modulate the manifestations of different models of epileptogenesis are described. The development of several models of experimental epilepsy in animals has clearly helped the study of specific brain areas capable of causing convulsions. The experimental models of epilepsy also have helped in the study the mechanisms and actions of epilepsy drugs. In order to develop experimental animal models of epilepsy, animals are generally chosen according to the kind of epilepsy that can be developed and studied. It is currently known that animal species can have epileptic seizures similar to those in humans. However, it is important to keep in mind that it has not been possible to entirely evaluate all manifestations of human epilepsy. Notwithstanding, these experimental models of epilepsy have allowed a partial understanding of most of the underlying mechanisms of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurofisiología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía M. V. S., Av. Insurgentes sur 3867, México 14269 D.F., México.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Moises
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rubio-Osornio
authors.forename: Socorro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Retana-Márquez
authors.forename: Marisol López
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Verónica Custodio
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paz
mesh_terms: D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D000818:Animals; D001640:Bicuculline; D003035:Cobalt; D003292:Convulsants; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004597:Electroshock; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020195:Epilepsy, Reflex / Q000503:physiopathology; D005481:Flurothyl; D006801:Humans; D007608:Kainic Acid; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000502:physiology; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D010215:Papio; D010406:Penicillins; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D010862:Pilocarpine; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003292:Convulsants; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D010406:Penicillins; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D017967:Zinc Compounds; D010862:Pilocarpine; D003035:Cobalt; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D005481:Flurothyl; D007608:Kainic Acid; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D001640:Bicuculline