title: In vitro evaluation of a targeted and sustained release system for retinoblastoma cells using Doxorubicin as a model drug.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to develop a novel folate receptor-targeted drug delivery system for retinoblastoma cells using doxorubicin (DOX) as a model drug.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biodegradable DOX-loaded poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide)-poly(ethylene glycol)-folate (PLGA-PEG-FOL) micelles (DOXM) were prepared with various solvents (dimethylsulfoxide, acetone, and dimethylformamide). The effects of solvents on entrapment efficiency, particle size, and polydispersity were examined. The effects of thermosensitive gel structure on the release of DOX from the DOXM were also studied. Qualitative and quantitative uptake studies of DOX and DOXM were carried out in Y-79 cell line. Cytotoxicity studies of DOXM were performed on Y-79 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on size, polydispersity, and entrapment efficiency, dimethylformamide was found to be the most suitable solvent for the preparation of DOXM. Dispersion of DOXM in PLGA-PEG-PLGA gel sustained drug release for a period of 2 weeks. Uptake of DOX was ∼4 times higher with DOXM than DOX in Y-79 cells overexpressing folate receptors. This was further confirmed from the quantitative uptake studies. DOXM exhibited higher cytotoxicity in Y-79 cells when compared with pure DOX.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These polymeric micellar systems suspended in thermosensitive gels may provide sustained and targeted delivery of anticancer agents to retinoblastoma cells following intravitreal administration.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, MO 64108-2718, USA.
authors.forename: Sai H S
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Boddu
authors.forename: Jwala
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jwala
authors.forename: Monica R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Chowdhury
authors.forename: Ashim K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Mitra
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008823:Micelles; D058990:Molecular Targeted Therapy; D010316:Particle Size; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005782:Gels; D008823:Micelles; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D004317:Doxorubicin; D005492:Folic Acid