title: "Can laparoscopy really complete full surgical staging?" A case of early recurrence and malignant transformation of borderline ovarian tumor.
abstract: Ovarian borderline tumor (BOT) with noninvasive implants traditionally is considered to be non-aggressive. Recurrences are delayed and transformations to high-grade carcinoma are rarely documented. We report on a patient with BOT with early recurrence and high-grade carcinoma transformation in a short interval after complete laparoscopic staging. A 27-year-old unmarried woman presented with a 26 cm in size ruptured left ovarian mass. Laparoscopic left salpingo-oophorectomy with right ovarian biopsies, multiple peritoneal biopsies, omental biopsy and washing cytology were performed. FIGO Stage I ovarian serous borderline tumor with microinvasion was confirmed. About ten months later, a 15 cm in size left BOT recurred and was resected by laparoscopic cystectomy including staging surgery. Seven months after the second surgery, we found a pelvic mass by sonogram and elevated CA125. A third diagnostic laparoscopy revealed invasive serous carcinoma with multiple peritoneal implants. In spite of radical surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy, the patient died of a progressive metastatic liver tumor. A case of early recurrence with malignant transformation of BOT is presented together with a brief review.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: E Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kwack
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012008:Recurrence