title: In vivo trial of a driving system for a self-propelling capsule endoscope using a magnetic field (with video).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A capsule endoscope does not allow the examiner to observe a lesion from the desired direction in real time.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a driving system for a self-propelling capsule endoscope (SPCE) by using a magnetic field.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental endoscopic study in a live dog model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A microactuator was developed with the aim of remote-control operation. We developed a driving system for SPCE by attaching a capsule endoscope to this medical microactuator and performed the following experiments. (1) We operated this SPCE by remote control in the stomach of a dog under sedation and obtained endoscopic images using a real-time monitoring system only. (2) We placed a hemostatic clip on the gastric mucosa and recorded images of this clip with the SPCE. (3) We also placed clips at 2 other sites in the stomach and asked the SPCE operator, who was unaware of the location of the clips, to identify the site, number, and color of the clips.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evaluation of performance of a driving system for SPCE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operator was able to obtain endoscopic images with the SPCE in the stomach of a dog in vivo, in any desired direction, by remote control. SPCE produced clear images of the clips placed in the stomach. The operator was able to easily identify the site, number, and color of the clips.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Animal model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our trial suggests the possibility of clinical application of the driving system for an SPCE using a magnetic field.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Eijiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Naotake
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: Sadaharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nouda
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuramoto
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Mitsuyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murano
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Umegaki
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053704:Capsule Endoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004285:Dogs; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D023421:Models, Animal