The postprandial use of dietary amino acids as an energy substrate is delayed after the deamination process in rats adapted for 2 weeks to a high protein diet.
The aim of this study was to determine the contribution of dietary amino acids (AA) to energy metabolism under high protein (HP) diets, using a double tracer method to follow simultaneously the metabolic fate of α-amino groups and carbon skeletons. Sixty-seven male Wistar rats were fed a normal (NP) or HP diet for 14 days. Fifteen of them were equipped with a permanent catheter. On day 15, after fasting overnight, they received a 4-g meal extrinsically labeled with a mixture of 20 U-[(15)N]-[(13)C] AA. Energy metabolism, dietary AA deamination and oxidation and their transfer to plasma glucose were measured kinetically for 4 h in the catheterized rats. The transfer of dietary AA to liver glycogen was determined at 4 h. The digestive kinetics of dietary AA, their transfer into liver AA and proteins and the liver glycogen content were measured in the 52 other rats that were killed sequentially hourly over a 4-h period. [(15)N] and [(13)C] kinetics in the splanchnic protein pools were perfectly similar. Deamination increased fivefold in HP rats compared to NP rats. In the latter, all deaminated AA were oxidized. In HP rats, the oxidation rate was slower than deamination, so that half of the deaminated AA was non-oxidized within 4 h. Non-oxidized carbon skeletons were poorly sequestrated in glycogen, although there was a significant postprandial production of hepatic glycogen. Our results strongly suggest that excess dietary AA-derived carbon skeletons above the ATP production capacity, are temporarily retained in intermediate metabolic pools until the oxidative capacities of the liver are no longer overwhelmed by an excess of substrates.
Fromentin
Claire
C
USC914 Nutrition Physiology and Ingestive Behavior, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Paris, France.
Azzout-Marniche
Dalila
D
Tomé
Daniel
D
Even
Patrick
P
Luengo
Catherine
C
Piedcoq
Julien
J
Fromentin
Gilles
G
Gaudichon
Claire
C
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D003641:Deamination; D003653:Decarboxylation; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate