title: [Etiology and sensitivity of uropathogens identified in uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in women (ARESC Study): implications on empiric therapy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the etiology and susceptibility of uropathogens identified in women with uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections (UTI).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a multicenter study (ARESC) in 9 Spanish hospitals, 803 female patients with uncomplicated cystitis were consecutively enrolled and evaluated to identify the uropathogens and their susceptibility to 9 antimicrobials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 803 patients with uncomplicated cystitis, 784 patients were included. A positive urine culture was found in 87.7% of the samples. Of the 650 pathogens isolated, Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most frequent (79.2%) followed by Staphylococcus saprophyticus (4.4%), Proteus mirabilis (4.3%), Enterococcus faecalis (3.2%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (2.3%). E. coli showed a high rate of susceptibility to phosphomycin (97.2%), nitrofurantoin (94.1%) and somewhat lower to ciprofloxacin (88.1%). Fluorquinolone resistance rates were higher among postmenopausal women (17 versus 10%). E. coli was highly resistant to ampicillin (65%) and cotrimoxazole (34%) and 25% of the strains were resistant to amoxicillin/clavulanalic acid and cefuroxime.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Spain, E. coli shows high resistance rates to widely used antimicrobial antibiotics. Phosphomycin and nitrofurantoin have a high in vitro activity. Taking into account practical aspects such as convenience (only one dose), and the influence of the amount of fluorquinolone use on enterobacteriaceae and other microorganisms resistance levels, phosphomycin trometamol represents the option of first choice for the empirical treatment of uncomplicated cystitis in women.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Urología, Fundació Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palou
authors.forename: Carles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pigrau
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: José Ma
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ledesma
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Angulo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003556:Cystitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011513:Proteus mirabilis / Q000187:drug effects*; D057790:Staphylococcus saprophyticus / Q000187:drug effects*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D056689:Uropathogenic Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents