The effects of IL-32 on the inflammatory activation of cultured rat primary astrocytes.
A new family of cytokine IL-32 has been implicated in pro-inflammatory immune responses several human diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases and vasculitis. In this study, we investigated the role of IL-32 in the inflammatory activation of cultured rat primary astrocytes. Treatment of IL-32 increased ROS production and augmented lipopolysaccharide-induced increased production of nitric oxide as well as the expression of iNOS. IL-32 also induced the expression of MMP-9 but not MMP-2 in rat primary astrocytes. The increased expression of these inflammatory mediators was accompanied by the increased mRNA expression encoding iNOS, MMP-9 and TNF-α. ERK1/2 and p38, two essential regulators of pro-inflammatory signaling in rat primary astrocytes were activated by IL-32 as evidenced by increased phosphorylation. The results from the present study suggest that IL-32 may play a role in the regulation of neuroinflammatory responses in several neurological disease conditions such as ischemia and Alzheimer's disease.
Cho
Kyu Suk
KS
Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and IBST, Konkuk University, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
Park
Seung Hwa
SH
Joo
So Hyun
SH
Kim
Soo-Hyun
SH
Shin
Chan Young
CY
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
C496971:IL32 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; C535150:MAPK1 protein, human; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9