title: Commentary on why laryngeal stroboscopy really works: clarifying misconceptions surrounding Talbot's law and the persistence of vision.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article is to clear up misconceptions that have propagated in the clinical voice literature that inappropriately cite Talbot's law (1834) and the theory of persistence of vision as the scientific principles that underlie laryngeal stroboscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  After initial research into Talbot's (1834) original studies, it became clear that his experiments were not designed to explain why stroboscopy works. Subsequently, a comprehensive literature search was conducted for the purpose of investigating the general principles of stroboscopic imaging from primary sources.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Talbot made no reference to stroboscopy in designing his experiments, and the notion of persistence of vision is not applicable to stroboscopic motion. Instead, two visual phenomena play critical roles: (a) the flicker-free perception of light and (b) the perception of apparent motion. In addition, the integration of stroboscopy with video-based technology in today's voice clinic requires additional complexities to include synchronization with camera frame rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  References to Talbot's law and the persistence of vision are not relevant to the generation of stroboscopic images. The critical visual phenomena are the flicker-free perception of light intensity and the perception of apparent motion from sampled images. A complete understanding of how laryngeal stroboscopy works will aid in better interpreting clinical findings during voice assessment.
authors.forename: Daryush D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Dimitar D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Deliyski
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hillman
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D007830:Larynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000473:pathology; D009039:Motion Perception; D010469:Perceptual Distortion; D049489:Stroboscopy; D014785:Vision, Ocular; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology