title: Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate induces a broad spectrum of DNA damage in human lymphocytes.
abstract: Bisphenol A-glycidyl methacrylate (BisGMA) is monomer of dental filling composites, which can be released from these materials and cause adverse biologic effects in human cells. In the present work, we investigated genotoxic effect of BisGMA on human lymphocytes and human acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (CCRF-CEM) cells. Our results indicate that BisGMA is genotoxic for human lymphocytes. The compound induced DNA damage evaluated by the alkaline, neutral, and pH 12.1 version of the comet assay. This damage included oxidative modifications of the DNA bases, as checked by DNA repair enzymes EndoIII and Fpg, alkali-labile sites and DNA double-strand breaks. BisGMA induced DNA-strand breaks in the isolated plasmid. Lymphocytes incubated with BisGMA at 1 mM were able to remove about 50% of DNA damage during 120-min repair incubation. The monomer at 1 mM evoked a delay of the cell cycle in the S phase in CCRF-CEM cells. The experiment with spin trap-DMPO demonstrated that BisGMA induced reactive oxygen species, which were able to damage DNA. BisGMA is able to induce a broad spectrum of DNA damage including severe DNA double-strand breaks, which can be responsible for a delay of the cell cycle in the S phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Drozdz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wysokinski
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krupa
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wozniak
mesh_terms: D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000633:toxicity*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020552:Comet Assay; D053903:DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects*; D004260:DNA Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010957:Plasmids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes