title: Lymphocyte depletion and repopulation in peripheral blood and small intestine of cynomolgus monkeys after alemtuzumab treatment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alemtuzumab has been used as an induction agent in organ transplantation over 10 years, but the effect of alemtuzumab on lymphocytes in small intestine was not clear. We investigate lymphocyte depletion and repopulation phenomena both in peripheral blood and small intestine of cynomolgus monkeys, to assess the model using in preclinical transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Monkeys without CD52 antigen on erythrocytes were selected. Lymphocyte depletion and repopulation was documented by flow cytometry. Sections of ileum were obtained for isolation of intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), and also for immunofluorescence examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Powerful depletion of lymphocytes (>80%) from blood followed by gradual repopulation was observed. CD20(+) B cells, CD8(+) T cells, CD4(+) T cells returned to pretreatment levels by d 21, 35, 56. IEL, LPL reduced by 70%, 72% on d 9, recovered to 59%, 57% of pretreatment levels by d 35, and were completed by d 56. Depletion and repopulation of IEL and LPL were confirmed by immunofluorescence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depletion of lymphocytes in peripheral blood was less powerful and repopulation occurred faster than in patients. The lymphocyte depletion and repopulation occurred in small intestine. This model can be used in preclinical transplantation.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Linlin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Jingbin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiurong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jieshou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007082:Ileum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000637:transplantation; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000074323:Alemtuzumab