The increasing burden of HIV-associated malignancies in resource-limited regions.
Cancer is increasingly recognized as a complication of HIV infection in both resource-rich and resource-limited areas. The traditional AIDS-defining cancers, including Kaposi sarcoma, cervical cancer, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, have become common comorbidities afflicting HIV-positive individuals and lack adequate prevention and management options. Additionally, several non-AIDS-defining cancers have increased in incidence in resource-limited regions, including Hodgkin lymphoma, hepatocellular carcinoma, and lung cancer. This review outlines the epidemiology of HIV-associated malignancies in resource-poor and resource-rich areas, including the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on the incidence of these cancers. The pathogenesis of HIV-associated cancers is considered in relation to potential strategies for their prevention and treatment.
Casper
Corey
C
Vaccine and Infectious Disease, Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA. ccasper@fhcrc.org
D017954:Africa South of the Sahara / Q000453:epidemiology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D015995:Prevalence; D015980:Public Health Practice; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents