title: Population pharmacokinetics study of azithromycin oral formulations using NONMEM.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A population pharmacokinetic study of orally dosed azithromycin was conducted in order to determine if the antibiotic usage in clinical practice is reasonable and individualized.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nonlinear mixed effect model with various oral azithromycin formulations was constructed using the NONMEM program. Based on a dataset of 160 healthy volunteers, the pharmacokinetic parameters and the relationship between the inter-individual effects and fixed effects were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A two compartment model with first-order absorption and elimination was established. The values for Cl1/F, Cl2/F, V1/F, V2/F and Ka were 121 ml/h, 282 ml/h, 1,939 ml, 5,650 ml and 1.05 h-1, respectively. The results provided evidence that the body weight affects the Cl1/F and Cl2/F and age affects the V1/F.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A nonlinear mixed effect model for oral azithromycin formulations was developed for a Chinese healthy population.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China.
authors.forename: X-Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y-R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017963:Azithromycin