title: Etiological agents of community-acquired pneumonia in adult patients in Turkey; a multicentric, cross-sectional study.
abstract: This cross-sectional study was intended to investigate the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adult patients receiving no prior antibiotic therapy. Etiological agents were identified in 137 (62.8%) of 218 patients, the most frequent being Streptococcus pneumoniae (14.7%), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (13.8%) and respiratory syncytial virus (10.1%). A single pathogen was detected in 50.9% of cases and mixed pathogens in 11.9%. Typical pathogens were determined in 35.8% of cases, atypical pathogens in 20.2% and viral pathogens in 20.6%. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease was a common (42.7%) comorbidity. S. pneumoniae was the most common pathogen in adult patients with CAP. Atypical pathogens were more common in patients < 65 years old, M. pneumoniae being the most common in this age group. Our results suggest that initial empiric antibiotic treatment in patients with CAP should cover S. pneumoniae and M. pneumoniae in Turkey.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. iftihar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Iftihar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Köksal
authors.forename: Tevfik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozlü
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bayraktar
authors.forename: Gürdal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Yılmaz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bülbül
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Oztuna
authors.forename: Rahmet
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caylan
authors.forename: Kemalettin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aydın
authors.forename: Nurgün
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sucu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009177:Mycoplasma pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012307:Risk Factors; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology