title: Doublecortin (DCX) immunoreactivity in hippocampus of chronic refractory temporal lobe epilepsy patients with hippocampal sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Status epilepticus increases the production of new neurons (hippocampal neurogenesis) and promotes aberrant migration. However chronic experimental models of epilepsy and studies performed in human epilepsy showed controversial results suggesting a reduction in hippocampal neurogenesis in late stages of the disease. Doublecortin (DCX) has been validated to determine alterations in the production of new neurons in the human hippocampus.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Determine DCX expression in human hippocampal sclerosis (HS) from patients who underwent epilepsy surgery for refractory temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Hippocampal sections of 9 patients with HS and TLE who underwent surgery, were processed using immunoperoxidase for DCX. Archival material from 5 normal post-mortem hippocampus were simultaneously processed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly lower staining intensity was observed in DCX-positive neurons localized in dentate gyrus (DG) and in CA1 of epileptic hippocampus; lower DCX reactive area was observed in pyramidal layers of CA1; and a reduced in the mean number of DCX-positive neurons were determined in DG compared to normal hippocampus (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study found a decrease in DCX expression in hippocampus of patients with HS and chronic and refractory TLE suggesting alterations in NG and hippocampal synaptogenesis with potential cognitive and emotional repercussion.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias, E de Robertis, UBA-CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina. ldalessio@intramed.net.ar
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: D'Alessio
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Konopka
authors.forename: Ester María
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seoane
authors.forename: Damián
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Consalvo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oddo
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kochen
authors.forename: Juan José
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: López-Costa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018891:Dentate Gyrus / Q000473:pathology; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D012598:Sclerosis
chemical_list: C000714328:DCX protein, human; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides