title: Effect of casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate added to acidic beverages on enamel erosion in vitro.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate, in vitro, the effect on enamel erosion of the addition of 0.2% w/v casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) to four commercially-available soft drinks, two of which were carbonated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enamel specimens (n=27) were sectioned from sound extracted human third molar teeth and polished to a mirror finish. Exposed enamel windows of 1 mm2 were created by painting the surface with acid-resistant nail varnish. Four citric flavoured soft drinks (pH range 2.2 to 2.4) and distilled deionized water (DDW) were tested. Each drink was tested with and without 0.2% CPP-ACP w/v. The specimens were placed into 50 mL of solution at 37 °C for 30 minutes, rinsed and varnish removed. The samples were profiled with a white light profilometer and erosive depths recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All soft drinks tested caused enamel erosion but adding 0.2% w/v CPP-ACP significantly reduced (p<.05) erosive depth in all test solutions in comparison with the solutions without CPP-ACP. The erosive depths for all solutions with 0.2% CPP-ACP did not differ significantly from those of DDW.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding CPP-ACP at 0.2% w/v significantly decreased the erosivity of all four soft drinks. The erosivity of the soft drinks with 0.2% CPP-ACP added did not differ significantly from that of distilled water.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Research Centre for Oral Health Science, Melbourne Dental School and the Bio21 Institute of Molecular Science and Biotechnology, The University of Melbourne, Victoria.
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Manton
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cochrane
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Brearley-Messer
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000032:analysis; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002364:Caseins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002957:Citrus; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000032:analysis; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002364:Caseins; D002614:Chelating Agents; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005421:Flavoring Agents; C447032:casein phosphopeptide-amorphous calcium phosphate nanocomplex; D014867:Water