In vitro antiophidian properties of Dipteryx alata Vogel bark extracts.
Extracts from Dipteryx alata bark obtained with different solvents (hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and methanol) were mixed in vitro with Bothrops jararacussu (Bjssu, 40 μg/mL) and Crotalus durissus terrificus (Cdt, 15 μg/mL) snake venoms, and applied to a mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation to evaluate the possible neutralization of venom effects. Cdt venom neurotoxic effect was not inhibited by any of the extracts, while the neurotoxic and myotoxic actions of Bjssu venom were decreased by the methanolic extract. This inhibition appears to be augmented by tannins. Dichloromethane bark extract inhibited ~40% of Bjssu venom effects and delayed blockade induced by Cdt. The methodology used to determine which extract was active allows inferring that: (i) phenolic acids and flavonoids contained in the methanolic extract plus tannins were responsible mostly for neutralization of Bjssu effects; (ii) terpenoids from the dichloromethane extract may participate in the anti-Cdt and anti-Bjssu venom effects; (iii) a given extract could not inhibit venoms from different species even if those belong to the same family, so it is improper to generalize a certain plant as antiophidian; (iv) different polarity extracts do not present the same inhibitory capability, thus demonstrating the need for characterizing both venom pharmacology and the phytochemistry of medicinal plant compounds.
Nazato
Virgínia Sbrugnera
VS
Universidade de Sorocaba, UNISO, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, SP, Brazil. yofranco@terra.com.br
Rubem-Mauro
Leandro
L
Vieira
Nathalia Aparecida Gatto
NA
Rocha-Junior
Dimas dos Santos
Ddos S
Silva
Magali Glauzer
MG
Lopes
Patricia Santos
PS
Dal-Belo
Cháriston André
CA
Cogo
Jose Carlos
JC
dos Santos
Marcio Galdino
MG
da Cruz-Höfling
Maria Alice
MA
Oshima-Franco
Yoko
Y
D000818:Animals; D000997:Antivenins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017837:Bothrops; D017839:Crotalus; D046914:Dipteryx / Q000737:chemistry*; D000432:Methanol; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D051379:Mice; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D013045:Species Specificity; D014688:Venoms / Q000633:toxicity
D000997:Antivenins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014688:Venoms; D008752:Methylene Chloride; D000432:Methanol