Ionic contrast media induced more apoptosis in diabetic kidney than nonionic contrast media.
BACKGROUND
Contrast-induced nephropathy is a major cause of hospital-acquired acute renal failure, and its risk is significantly increased in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to examine both the role of apoptosis in low-osmolar contrast media-induced kidney injury in normal and diabetic rats and the difference in the induced kidney injury between ionic and nonionic contrast media.


METHODS
Normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats were administered with ionic low-osmolar ioxaglate, nonionic low-osmolar iopromide or normal saline injection. Apoptosis in kidney tubular cells was determined by the presence of positive terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP in situ nick end-labeling (TUNEL) stain.


RESULTS
At 24 hours after administration, both ioxaglate and iopromide injections induced more apoptosis in diabetic (49.7% vs. 25.3% for ioxaglate; 37.7% vs. 25.3% for iopromide; both p<0.001) and normal (36.2% vs. 27.4%, p=0.002, for ioxaglate; 33.6% vs. 27.4%, p=0.029, for iopromide) kidney tubular cells than normal saline injections. Additionally, ioxaglate induced more apoptotic tubular cells in diabetic kidneys than in normal kidneys (p<0.001). Moreover, ioxaglate significantly induced more apoptotic cells than iopromide in diabetic kidneys, but not in normal kidneys (p<0.001, for diabetic rats; p=0.345, for normal rats).


CONCLUSIONS
Ionic low-osmolar contrast media induced more apoptosis in tubular cells in diabetic kidneys than in normal kidneys. Notably, ionic contrast media induced more apoptosis than nonionic contrast media in diabetic kidneys.
Lee
Hsiang-Chun
HC
Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung - Taiwan.
Chang
Jan-Gowth
JG
Yen
Hsueh-Wei
HW
Liu
I-Hsin
IH
Lai
Wen-Ter
WT
Sheu
Sheng-Hsiung
SH
D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007477:Ions; D007485:Ioxaglic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000009:adverse effects
D051698:Activating Transcription Factor 2; C497107:Atf2 protein, rat; D003287:Contrast Media; D007477:Ions; D007472:Iohexol; D013311:Streptozocin; C038192:iopromide; D007485:Ioxaglic Acid