title: GD₃ synthase expression enhances proliferation and tumor growth of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through c-Met activation.
abstract: The disialoganglioside G(D3) is overexpressed in ∼50% of invasive ductal breast carcinoma, and the G(D3) synthase gene (ST8SIA1) displays higher expression among estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer tumors, associated with a decreased overall survival of breast cancer patients. However, no relationship between ganglioside expression and breast cancer development and aggressiveness has been reported. We have previously shown that overexpression of G(D3) synthase induces the accumulation of b- and c-series gangliosides (G(D3), G(D2), and G(T3)) at the cell surface of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells together with the acquisition of a proliferative phenotype in the absence of serum. Here, we show that phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathways are constitutively activated in G(D3) synthase-expressing cells. Analysis of phosphorylation of tyrosine kinase receptors shows a specific c-Met constitutive activation in G(D3) synthase-expressing cells, in the absence of its ligand, hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor. In addition, inhibition of c-Met or downstream signaling pathways reverses the proliferative phenotype. We also show that G(D3) synthase expression enhances tumor growth in severe combined immunodeficient mice. Finally, a higher expression of ST8SIA1 and MET in the basal subtype of human breast tumors are observed. Altogether, our results show that G(D3) synthase expression is sufficient to enhance the tumorigenicity of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells through a ganglioside-dependent activation of the c-Met receptor.
authors.affiliation: Univ. Lille Nord de France, France.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cazet
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lefebvre
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adriaenssens
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Julien
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bobowski
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grigoriadis
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tutt
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tulasne
authors.forename: Xuefen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Le Bourhis
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delannoy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000378:metabolism*; D012799:Sialyltransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides; D012799:Sialyltransferases; C043662:alpha-N-acetylneuraminate alpha-2,8-sialyltransferase; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases