title: Differential effects of Kv11.1 activators on Kv11.1a, Kv11.1b and Kv11.1a/Kv11.1b channels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  K(v)11.1 channels are involved in regulating cellular excitability in various tissues including brain, heart and smooth muscle. In these tissues, at least two isoforms, K(v)11.1a and K(v)11.1b, with different kinetics, are expressed. K(v)11.1 activators are potential therapeutic agents, but their effects have only been tested on the K(v)11.1a isoform. In this study, the effects of two different K(v)11.1 activators, NS1643 and RPR260243, were characterized on K(v)11.1a and K(v)11.1b channels.
  
  
  METHODS
  K(v)11.1a and K(v)11.1b channels were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and currents were measured using two-electrode voltage clamp. I/V curves and channel kinetics were measured before and after application of 30 µM NS1643 or 10 µM RPR260243.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NS1643 increased steady-state currents through Kv11.1b several fold more than through K(v)11.1a channels, without affecting EC(50) values. NS1643 increased activation rates and decreased rates of inactivation, recovery from inactivation and deactivation for both channels. Except for activation, where effect of NS1643 was comparable, relative changes were greater for Kv11.1b than for K(v)11.1a. RPR260243 increased steady-state currents only through Kv11.1a channels, but slowed the process of deactivation for both channels primarily by decreasing time constant of slow deactivation. This effect was greater on K(v)11.1b than on K(v)11.1a. Effects of both compounds on heteromeric K(v)11.1a/K(v)11.1b channels were similar to those on K(v)11.1a.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both NS1643 and RPR260243 displayed differential effects on K(v)11.1a and K(v)11.1b channels, the effects being relatively more pronounced on K(v)11.1b channels. This affirms the importance of testing the effect of K(v)11.1 activators on different channel isoforms.
authors.affiliation: The Danish National Research Foundation Centre for Cardiac Arrhythmia, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Bentzen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grunnet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003408:Cresols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000072237:ERG1 Potassium Channel; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / Q000819:agonists* / Q000235:genetics; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000819:agonists*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D003408:Cresols; D000072237:ERG1 Potassium Channel; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D010880:Piperidines; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011804:Quinolines; C499186:RPR260243; C507624:1,3-bis(2-hydroxy-5-trifluoromethylphenyl)urea