title: Cannabinoids increase conditioned ultrasonic vocalisations and cat odour avoidance in rats: strain differences in drug-induced anxiety.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genetic disposition modulates the psychoactive effects of cannabis. Cannabinoids have a greater impact on brain regions that subserve anxiety in Wistar compared to Lewis strain rats. Here we aim to show that this correlates with strain differences in cannabinoid-induced anxiety-related behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lewis and Wistar rats were administered vehicle or the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonist, CP 55,940 (10, 25 and 50μg/kg) before testing in the conditioned ultrasonic vocalization (USV), cat odour avoidance or open area avoidance models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals were placed in a chamber in which they had previously received footshock. Wistar but not Lewis rats re-exposed under the influence of all CP 55,940 doses emitted significantly more USVs than vehicle-treated rats. In the cat odour avoidance model, rats were exposed to cat odour and given the opportunity to hide in a small box. In Wistar but not Lewis rats, 50μg/kg of CP 55,940 magnified hiding behaviour promoted by cat odour exposure. Animals were also tested in the open area avoidance model which occurred in the same arena as the predatory avoidance model but without cat odour. In Wistar, but not Lewis rats, 25 and 50μg/kg of CP 55,940 increased the avoidance of the open space.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CP 55,940 increased anxiety-related behaviour in Wistar rats but not Lewis rats providing a model to dissect the genetic basis of cannabinoid-induced anxiety. We show for the first time that cannabinoids magnify conditioned USVs and cat odour avoidance behaviour dependent on the strain being tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences and Bosch Institute, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia. jonathon.arnold@sydney.edu.au
authors.forename: Jonathon C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dielenberg
authors.forename: Iain S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: McGregor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002415:Cats; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013045:Species Specificity; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014828:Vocalization, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids; D003511:Cyclohexanols; C054649:3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol