title: Detection and characterization of bovine-like coronaviruses from four species of zoo ruminants.
abstract: Five coronaviruses (CoVs) were detected in diarrheal feces from four zoo ruminant species: one wisent (Bison bonasus), two Himalayan tahr (Hemitragus jemlahicus), one sitatunga (Tragelaphus spekii), and one nyala (Tragelaphus angasii). We sequenced and analyzed the spike (S) and hemagglutinin/esterase (HE) genes of these viruses and compared the nucleotide (nt) and deduced amino acid (aa) sequences with those of other bovine CoV (BcoV) strains. Comparison of the entire deduced aa sequences of the S and HE glycoproteins revealed no specific differences that would account for discrimination between bovine-like CoV strains from zoo ruminants and BcoVs strains. In addition, the 99.9% aa identity among the five CoV strains revealed that the ruminants were infected by the same strain. Phylogenetically, bovine-like CoVs belong to group 2a CoVs, which are related most closely to the BcoV strains recently isolated in Korea. These data suggest that cattle are potential reservoirs for CoVs that are capable of infecting zoo ruminants.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary Research and Quarantine Service, Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Anyang, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Yee
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hye-Ryoung
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: You-Chan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: O-Soo
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Ku
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Oem
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000821:virology*; D002417:Cattle; D017934:Coronavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D004403:Dysentery / Q000662:veterinary / Q000821:virology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D056910:Republic of Korea; D012418:Ruminants / Q000821:virology*; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012367:RNA, Viral; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; C060814:hemagglutinin esterase