title: Approaching archetypes: reconsidering innateness.
abstract: The question of innateness has hounded Jungian psychology since Jung originally postulated the archetype as an a priori structure within the psyche. During his life and after his death he was continually accused of Lamarckianism and criticized for his theory that the archetypes existed as prior structures. More recently, with the advent of genetic research and the human genome project, the idea that psychological structures can be innate has come under even harsher criticism even within Jungian thought. There appears to be a growing consensus that Jung's idea of innate psychological structures was misguided, and that perhaps the archetype-as-such should be abandoned for more developmental and 'emergent' theories of the psyche. The purpose of this essay is to question this conclusion, and introduce some literature on psychological innateness that appears relevant to this discussion.
authors.affiliation: Minot Air Force Base, U.S. Air Force, USA. Erik.Goodwyn@minot.af.mil
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goodwyn
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007602:Jungian Theory; D012931:Social Environment; D014473:Unconscious, Psychology