title: Comparison of enhancement patterns of histologically confirmed hepatocellular carcinoma between gadoxetate- and ferucarbotran-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare enhancenent patterns of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and dysplastic nodule (DN) between gadoxetate- and ferucarbotran-enhanced MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients recruited from ultrasound surveillance for HCC in chronic liver diseases were enrolled in this prospective study approved by institutional review board. Thirty-six patients with 37 histologically proven HCC, including 22 well-differentiated HCCs (wHCC), 15 moderately to poorly differentiated HCCs (mpHCCs), and 4 DNs, underwent gadoxetate-enhanced and ferucarbotran-enhanced MRI. We compared hepatobiliary phase image of gadoxetate-enhanced MRI with ferucarbotran-enhanced MR image regarding signal intensity of HCC and DN relative to surrounding liver parenchyma. We calculated contrast ratios between tumor and liver on pre-enhancement, hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetate-enhanced MRI and ferucarbotran-enhanced MRI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On ferucarbotran-enhanced MRI, all mpHCCs showed hyper-intensity, while 14 wHCCs (14/22;63%) showed iso-intensity. On hepatobiliary phase of gadoxetate-enhanced MRI, 13 mpHCCs (13/15;86%) and 20 wHCCs (20/22;91%) showed hypo-intensity. Two DNs and the other two showed iso- and hypo-intensity, respectively, on gadoxetate-enhanced MRI, whereas all DNs revealed iso-intensity on ferucarbotran-enhanced MRI. Gadoxetate-postcontrast ratio was significantly lower than ferucarbotran-postcontrast ratio in wHCC (P = 0.015).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The uptake function of hepatocytes that are targeted by gadoxetate is more sensitive than that of Kupffer cells targeted by ferucarbotran in stepwise hepatocarcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Tonsok
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sachiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kogita
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: Seishi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumano
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakasa
authors.forename: Michiie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Takamichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C073590:gadolinium ethoxybenzyl DTPA; C065507:ferumoxides; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA