title: Use of a fully covered self-expandable metal stent for the treatment of benign esophageal diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMSs) have been proposed for the treatment of benign esophageal diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review our experience with FCSEMSs in patients with benign esophageal diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case review of patients who underwent FCSEMS placement for benign esophageal diseases, including (1) benign strictures from GERD--caustic and idiopathic causes, (2) radiation-induced strictures, (3) anastomotic strictures, (4) esophageal fistulae/leaks, and (5) esophageal perforations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary-care medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 37 male and 19 female patients (average age 60 years, range 25-94 years) who underwent FCSEMS placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  FCSEMS placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Technical success with stent placement and removal, stent migration, long-term and short-term complications, and treatment success according to clinical symptoms, follow-up endoscopy, or imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stent placement was successful in 100 of 107 (93%) procedures, with a total of 104 stents placed. Migration was noted in 37 of 104 (35.6%) stents and was seen more frequently with proximal stents and stents placed for anastomotic strictures. Initial treatment success was seen in 56% of patients with any stricture and in 38% of patients with a fistula/leak or perforation, although data to document long-term resolution were lacking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This was a retrospective review with patients selected from a tertiary-care medical center. Two endoscopists performed the majority of procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temporary placement of FCSEMSs for benign esophageal diseases has moderate clinical efficacy and is limited by stent migration. Removability was easily demonstrated. Newer developments in stent design may improve clinical outcomes for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Johan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bakken
authors.forename: Louis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wong Kee Song
authors.forename: Piet C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: de Groen
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Baron
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004937:Esophageal Fistula / Q000628:therapy; D004939:Esophageal Perforation / Q000209:etiology; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005548:Foreign-Body Migration / Q000628:therapy; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D057194:Intention to Treat Analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome