title: In vitro activity of Cameroonian and Ghanaian medicinal plants on parasitic (Onchocerca ochengi) and free-living (Caenorhabditis elegans) nematodes.
abstract: Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of selected medicinal plants from Cameroon and Ghana were assessed for their in vitro anthelmintic activity by using the bovine filarial parasite Onchocerca ochengi and the free living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, a model organism for research on nematode parasites. Worms were incubated in the presence of different concentrations of extracts and inhibitory effects were monitored at different time points. Among the extracts used in this study, ethanolic extracts of Anogeissus leiocarpus, Khaya senegalensis, Euphorbia hirta and aqueous extracts from Annona senegalensis and Parquetina nigrescens affected the growth and survival of C. elegans and O. ochengi significantly. The mortality was concentration dependent with an LC50 ranging between 0.38 and 4.00 mg/ml for C. elegans (after 72 h) and between 0.08 and 0.55 mg/ml for O. ochengi after a 24 h incubation time. Preliminary phytochemical screenings on these extracts revealed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, carbohydrates and tannins in the extracts. Accordingly, application of A. leiocarpus, K. senegalensis, E. hirta and A. senegalensis extracts could provide alternatives in the control of helminthic infections.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundere, Cameroon. dede_ndjonka@yahoo.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ndjonka
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agyare
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lüersen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Djafsia
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Achukwi
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Nukenine
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hensel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liebau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002163:Cameroon; D005869:Ghana; D009854:Onchocerca / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts