title: Synthesis of transition metal-modified carbon nitride polymers for selective hydrocarbon oxidation.
abstract: Modification of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C(3)N(4)) photocatalyst with transition metals was achieved with a simple soft-chemical approach using dicyandiamide monomer and metal chloride as precursors, in combination with a thermal-induced polycondensation at 600 °C under nitrogen atmosphere. The resultant organic-inorganic hybrid materials were thoroughly characterized by a variety of techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV/Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), N(2)-sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), and FTIR. Benzene hydroxylation and styrene epoxidation reactions were employed to evaluate the catalytic/photocatalytic activity of the synthesized g-C(3)N(4)-based catalysts. Results showed that Fe- and Cu-modified g-C(3)N(4) were active for the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol using H(2)O(2) under mild conditions. It was also found that g-C(3)N(4) could promote the catalytic epoxidation of styrene using molecular oxygen as the primary oxidant; after modification with Co and Fe, the catalytic performance for styrene epoxidation with O(2) could be significantly improved, especially when coupled with visible-light irradiation.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Photocatalysis, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Photocatalysis, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350002, China.
authors.forename: Zhengxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Xiufang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonietti
authors.forename: Xinchen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001554:Benzene / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D006900:Hydroxylation; D008027:Light; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D020058:Styrene / Q000737:chemistry; D028561:Transition Elements / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds; D016877:Oxidants; D011108:Polymers; D028561:Transition Elements; D020058:Styrene; D002244:Carbon; D001554:Benzene