Fetal neurobehavioral effects of exposure to methadone or buprenorphine.
As part of a double-blind study of medication treatment for opioid dependence during pregnancy, 17 opioid-dependent pregnant women maintained on either buprenorphine or methadone underwent fetal monitoring at 24, 28, 32, and 36 weeks gestation. Maternal demographic information and infant outcomes did not significantly differ by medication group. Earlier in gestation (24 and 28 weeks), buprenorphine-exposed fetuses had higher levels of fetal heart rate variability, more accelerations in fetal heart rate and greater coupling between fetal heart rate and fetal movement than the methadone-exposed group (all ps < .05). Later in gestation (32 and 36 weeks), buprenorphine-exposed fetuses displayed less suppression of motor activity and longer duration of movements than the methadone-exposed group (all ps < .05). These results may have implications for the optimal treatment of the opioid-dependent pregnant woman.
Jansson
Lauren M
LM
Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore MD 21224, USA. ljansson@jhmi.edu
Dipietro
Janet A
JA
Velez
Martha
M
Elko
Andrea
A
Williams
Erica
E
Milio
Lorraine
L
O'Grady
Kevin
K
Jones
Hendrée E
HE
D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002047:Buprenorphine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring; D005324:Fetal Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008691:Methadone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D055815:Young Adult
D002047:Buprenorphine; D008691:Methadone