title: Continuous interscalene analgesia with ropivacaine 0.2% versus ropivacaine 0.3% after open rotator cuff repair: the effects on postoperative analgesia and motor function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interscalene analgesia is a recognized technique for the management of postoperative pain after major shoulder surgery. The most effective local anesthetic concentration in this setting is still controversial. In this study, we compared the analgesia and side effects of a continuous infusion of ropivacaine 0.2% and 0.3% administered through an interscalene catheter for the first 48 hours after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty consecutive patients scheduled for elective open rotator cuff repair were randomized into 2 groups to receive a continuous infusion of either ropivacaine 0.2% or ropivacaine 0.3% for 48 hours at a rate of 14 mL/h through an interscalene catheter after a preoperative bolus of 40 mL ropivacaine 0.5% in all patients. Pain score (visual analog scale 0-100), intensity of motor block, quality of sleep during the first postoperative night, morphine consumption, side effects, and patient satisfaction were assessed by an anesthesiologist masked to treatment group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total morphine consumption was significantly reduced in group 0.3% (12 vs 30 mg). Quality of sleep was significantly better in group 0.3% (4% vs 27% of awakening during the first postoperative night). Handgrip strength, visual analog scale scores, and side effects were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of ropivacaine 0.3% through an interscalene catheter for the first 48 hours after open rotator cuff repair provided a significant reduction of morphine consumption and a better sleep quality for the first postoperative night without increasing the intensity of motor block or side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Orthopedic University Hospital Balgrist, Forchstrasse 340, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland. alain.borgeat@balgrist.ch
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borgeat
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aguirre
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marquardt
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mrdjen
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000698:Analgesia / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002404:Catheterization; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000009:adverse effects; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D020127:Recovery of Function; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009020:Morphine; D000077212:Ropivacaine