title: Endophthalmitis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors investigate clinical settings, antibiotic susceptibility and resistance patterns, and visual outcomes associated with endophthalmitis caused by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of six patients with S. maltophilia endophthalmitis between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2007, were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical settings included post-trauma (2 eyes), post-cataract extraction (2 eyes), post-keratoplasty with keratitis (1 eye), and post-vitreous lavage (1 eye). Presenting visual acuity ranged from counting fingers to no light perception. Final visual acuity ranged from 10/20 to no light perception. Initial treatment included pars plana vitrectomy in 4 eyes and tap in 2 eyes. Most isolates were susceptible to fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, or moxifloxacin) and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim; however, they were resistant to ceftazidime and aminoglycosides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S. maltophilia is an uncommon causative agent of endophthalmitis and is resistant to commonly used antibiotics, such as ceftazidime and aminoglycosides. Based on in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and new-generation fluoroquinolones may be preferable in the treatment of endophthalmitis caused by S. maltophilia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan, Taiwan. cgr999chiayi@yahoo.com.tw
authors.forename: Kuan-Jen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Nan-Kai
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Hui
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Tun-Lu
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chi-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Wei-Chi
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Hsin-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination