title: Computer-aided detection system applied to full-field digital mammograms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  although mammography remains the mainstay for breast cancer screening, it is an imperfect examination with a sensitivity of 75-92% for breast cancer. Computer-aided detection (CAD) has been developed to improve mammographic detection of breast cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  to retrospectively estimate CAD sensitivity and false-positive rate with full-field digital mammograms (FFDMs).
  
  
  METHODS
  CAD was used to evaluate 151 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) (n=48) and invasive breast cancer (n=103) detected with FFDM. Retrospectively, CAD sensitivity was estimated based on breast density, mammographic presentation, histopathology type, and lesion size. CAD false-positive rate was estimated with screening FFDMs from 200 women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CAD detected 93% (141/151) of cancer cases: 97% (28/29) in fatty breasts, 94% (81/86) in breasts containing scattered fibroglandular densities, 90% (28/31) in heterogeneously dense breasts, and 80% (4/5) in extremely dense breasts. CAD detected 98% (54/55) of cancers manifesting as calcifications, 89% (74/83) as masses, and 100% (13/13) as mixed masses and calcifications. CAD detected 92% (73/79) of invasive ductal carcinomas, 89% (8/9) of invasive lobular carcinomas, 93% (14/15) of other invasive carcinomas, and 96% (46/48) of DCIS. CAD sensitivity for cancers 1-10 mm was 87% (47/54); 11-20 mm, 99% (70/71); 21-30 mm, 86% (12/14); and larger than 30 mm, 100% (12/12). The CAD false-positive rate was 2.5 marks per case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CAD with FFDM showed a high sensitivity in identifying cancers manifesting as calcifications or masses. CAD sensitivity was maintained in small lesions (1-20 mm) and invasive lobular carcinomas, which have lower mammographic sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Universitary Marqu é s of Valdecilla Hospital, Santander, Spain. avegab@telefonica.ne
authors.forename: Alfonso Vega
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Bolivar
authors.forename: Sonia Sánchez
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Merino
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alonso-Bartolomé
authors.forename: Estrella Ortega
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Pedro Muñoz
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cacho
authors.forename: Jeffrey W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hoffmeister
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity