title: Relationship between estimated finishing-pig space allowance and in-transit loss in a retrospective survey of 3 packing plants in Ontario in 2003.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the association between space allowance and in-transit loss of finishing pigs going to select abattoirs in Ontario during summer weather conditions. The study included data from 2- or 3-tiered trailers transporting ≥ 130 pigs in June, July, and August 2003 to 3 packers that processed 76% of Ontario market pigs. Daily in-transit loss data were merged with packer data to determine the number of pigs on each trailer. Space allowance (in square meters per pig) was estimated from the percentage of each trailer's capacity that was filled by the load size. Actual pig weights were not available. Hourly temperature and relative humidity were obtained from 2 local Ontario weather stations. In-transit loss increased with environmental temperature, by 6.6 times at temperatures between 28°C and 34.2°C compared with < 17°C. At space allowances between 0.44 and 0.43 m(2)/pig compared with ≥ 0.515 m(2)/pig, in-transit losses increased 2.12 times when environmental temperatures were < 21°C. Temperature is likely a more important determinant of in-transit loss than space allowance. However, in-transit losses in hot weather are likely to be reduced by increasing space allowance or by adding a cooling device.
authors.affiliation: USDA APHIS VS Centers for Epidemiology and Animal Health, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA. Charles.A.Haley@aphis.usda.gov
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haley
authors.forename: Catherine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Widowski
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Friendship
mesh_terms: D000003:Abattoirs / Q000592:standards*; D000827:Animal Welfare / Q000592:standards*; D000818:Animals; D006799:Housing, Animal; D009864:Ontario; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature; D014186:Transportation / Q000592:standards*