title: The calmodulin inhibitor N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulphonamide directly blocks human ether à-go-go-related gene potassium channels stably expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulphonamide (W-7) is a well-known calmodulin inhibitor used to study calmodulin regulation of intracellular Ca(2+) signalling-related process. Here, we have determined whether W-7 would inhibit human ether gene (hERG or K(v) 11.1) potassium channels, hK(v) 1.5 channels or hK(IR) 2.1 channels expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The hERG channel current, hK(v) 1.5 channel current or hK(IR) 2.1 channel current was recorded with a whole-cell patch clamp technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that the calmodulin inhibitor W-7 blocked hERG, hK(v) 1.5 and hK(IR) 2.1 channels. W-7 decreased the hERG current (I(hERG) ) in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50) : 3.5 µM), and the inhibition was more significant at depolarization potentials between +10 and +60 mV. The hERG mutations in the S6 region Y652A and F656V, and in the pore helix S631A, had the IC(50) s of 5.5, 9.8 and 25.4 µM respectively. In addition, the compound inhibited hK(v) 1.5 and hK(IR) 2.1 channels with IC(50) s of 6.5 and 13.4 µM respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the calmodulin inhibitor W-7 exerts a direct channel-blocking effect on hERG, hK(v) 1.5 and hK(IR) 2.1 channels stably expressed in HEK 293 cells. Caution should be taken in the interpretation of calmodulin regulation of ion channels with W-7.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Man-Wen
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hai-Ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Shetuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gui-Rong
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000072237:ERG1 Potassium Channel; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D051666:Kv1.5 Potassium Channel / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D009154:Mutation; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000072237:ERG1 Potassium Channel; D051638:Ether-A-Go-Go Potassium Channels; C000606913:KCNH2 protein, human; C489457:KCNJ2 protein, human; D051666:Kv1.5 Potassium Channel; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D013449:Sulfonamides; C017967:W 7; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases