Statin-associated myopathy and its exacerbation with exercise.
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) are a common and effective treatment for hypercholesterolemia, with a low overall rate of side-effects. The most common complication is some degree of skeletal muscle myopathy, ranging from painless serum creatine kinase elevations to rhabdomyolysis. Unfortunately, the likelihood and/or severity of complications increases with the combination of statin treatment and physical activity. The specific pathways that mediate statin-associated myopathy are unclear, and research directly addressing the exacerbation with exercise is limited. Potential mechanisms include the induction of skeletal muscle fiber apoptosis, alterations in ubiquitin-proteasome pathway activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, and terpenoid depletion. In this review we provide an overview of research that specifically addresses the combination of statin-associated myopathy and physical activity and highlight some deficiencies in the available literature, as well as future directions for this important subset of statin-associated myopathy.
Meador
Benjamin M
BM
Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
Huey
Kimberly A
KA
D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D006003:Glycogen; D003402:Creatine Kinase