title: [Objective evaluation of nasal ventilation function in healthy adults in Tianjin area].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish reference values of acoustic rhinometry, rhinomanometry and rhinospirometer in healthy adults in Tianjin area, analyze the effects of age,sex and side on the value, investigate the correlation of the measure values, offer the diagnosis date for test nasal ventilation function in Tianjin area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and sixty-six healthy adults in Tianjin area were tested. A1 acoustic rhinometry was used to measure the minimum cross-sectional area (MCA), distance of the minimal cross-sectional area to the nostril (DCAN) and the nasal volume from 0-5 cm, 2-5 cm (V5, V2-5); At 150 Pa, 75 Pa and broms, NR6 Rhinomanometry was used to measure unilateral nasal inspiratory resistance (IR)and expiratory resistance (ER), bilateral nasal inspiratory and expiratory resistance (TIR and TER), and differences of the bilateral nasal resistance can be calculated; NV1 Rhinospirometer was used to measure unilateral inspiratory capacity (IC) and expiration capacity (EC), and the nasal partitioning ratio (NPR) can be calculated. Practical measure the distance of nostril to ahead of the inferior turbinate and compare with DCAN. Make the correlational analysis on different index of three exam.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reference values of acoustic rhinometry: MCA was (0.45 +/- 0. 16) cm2 for male, (0.44 +/- 0.16) cm2 for female; V2-5 was (3.52 +/- 1.38) cm3 for male, (3.36 +/- 1.22) cm3 for female, V5 was (5.10 +/- 1.47) cm3 for male, (4.86 +/- 1.12) cm3 for female; DCAN have two distance, (2.22 +/- 0.398, 0.53 +/- 0.625) cm was for male, (2.10 +/- 0.37, 0.67 +/- 0.15) cm was for female. No significant gender, side and age differences were shown in MCA, V5, V2-5. Significant gender differences were shown in DCAN but no side and age differences. Reference values of rhinomanometry: Significant gender but no side and age differences were shown in IR, ER, TIR, TER. Reference values of rhinospirometer: IC was (2.06 +/- 1.10) L/20 s for male, (1.37 +/- 0.34) L/20 s for female, EC was (2.15 +/- 1.23) L/20 s for male (1.39 +/- 0.58) L/20 s for female. NPRi was 0.11 [0.05, 0.23],NPRe was 0.11 [0.05, 0.19]. Significant gender but no side and age differences were shown in IC and EC. No gender and age differences were shown in NPRi and NPRe. There was significant correlation found between MCA and IR/ER/IC/EC, IR and IC, ER and EC, Rlr and NPRi/ NPRe.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acoustic rhinometry,rhinomanometry and rhinospirometer can be useful reference values to evaluate nasal ventilation function, more value will be found if use the three together.
authors.affiliation: First Center Clinic College,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300192, China.
authors.forename: Xuejie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Peiyong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jinmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xianfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yugeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000502:physiology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000502:physiology; D009666:Nose / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012119:Respiration; D025363:Rhinomanometry / Q000592:standards*; D023842:Rhinometry, Acoustic / Q000592:standards*; D055815:Young Adult