title: Significantly higher percentage of circulating CD27(high) plasma cells in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with infection than with disease flare-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To distinguish lupus flare-up from infection in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), we analyze the expression of circulating CD27(high) plasma cells in SLE patients with and without infection, in comparison to non-SLE patients with infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The percentage of circulating CD27(high) plasma cells was measured by flow cytometry in the following four groups: 36 SLE patients without infection, 23 SLE patients with infection, eight non-SLE patients with infection, and 26 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of CD27(high) plasma cells had a correlation with the SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (r = 0.866, p < 0.05), level of anti-dsDNA (r = 0.886, p < 0.05), C3 (r = - 0.392, p < 0.05), and C4 (r = - 0.337, p < 0.05) in SLE patients without infection, but there was no correlation with disease activity in SLE patients with infection. Among three groups in particular-SLE without infection, SLE with infection, and non-SLE with infection- the percentages of CD27(high) plasma cells were elevated. The percentage of CD27(high) plasma cells was higher in SLE patients with infection, when compared to SLE patients without infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentage of CD27(high) plasma cells is a biomarker for disease activity of SLE without infection, under correlation with SLEDAI, anti-dsDNA, and C3 and C4 level. However, when the SLE patients have an infection, the percentage of CD27(high) plasma cells is not an adequate biomarker for the survey of disease activity. The percentage of CD27(high) plasma cells may serve as a potential parameter to distinguish a lupus flare-up from infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Armed-Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan. Republic of China. deng6263@ms71.hinet.net
authors.forename: Deng-Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Deh-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jenn-Haung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Fu-Huang
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chen-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7