title: Clinical significance of GPR56, transglutaminase 2, and NF-κB in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Proteins do not operate as individual units, and components of intracellular canonical pathways often cross talk in tumor genesis. We hypothesized that G-protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56), transglutaminase (TG2), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) may collaborate in interconnected pathways and contribute to the aggressive behavior of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Immunohistochemical analysis of GPR56, TG2, and NF-κB was carried out using ESCC tissue microarrays. Immunostaining of all the three proteins revealed a significant increase in their expression in ESCCs as compared with normal epithelia and correlated with their concomitant expression. A significant correlation between GPR56, TG2, and NF-κB was observed that correlated with nodal metastasis and tumor invasion in ESCCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Tasneem
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kausar
authors.forename: Rinu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Md Raghibul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Satyendra Chandra
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: Anoop
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saraya
authors.forename: Tushar K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: Siddartha Datta
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Ranju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ralhan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007194:India; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000032:analysis*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000032:analysis*; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000032:analysis*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C118925:ADGRG1 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016328:NF-kappa B; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins