A natural history of weight change in men with prostate cancer on androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT): results from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database.
OBJECTIVE
• To better understand the natural history of weight change with androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT), we investigated the effect of ADT on body weight among men from the Shared Equal Access Regional Cancer Hospital (SEARCH) database. • Men undergoing ADT lose lean muscle but gain fat mass, contributing to an overall gain in weight.


METHODS
• We identified 132 men in SEARCH who received ADT after radical prostatectomy. • 'Weight change' was defined as the difference in weight before starting ADT (6 months before ADT) and the on-ADT weight (between 6 and 18 months after starting ADT). • In a subanalysis, baseline characteristics of weight-gainers and -losers were analysed using univariate and multivariate analysis to test association with weight change.


RESULTS
• In all, 92 men (70%) gained weight, and 40 (30%) either lost or maintained a stable weight. • On average, weight on ADT was 2.2 kg higher than the weight before ADT, with the mean change for weight-gainers and -losers being +4.2 kg and -2.4 kg, respectively. • This compared with no significant weight change in the year before starting ADT (paired t-test, change -0.7 kg, P= 0.19) or in the second year on ADT (paired t-test, change -0.5 kg, P= 0.46) for 84 men in whom these additional weight values were recorded. • There was no significant association between any of the features examined and weight change on univariate and multivariate analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
• In this longitudinal study, ADT was accompanied by significant weight gain (+2.2 kg). This change occurred primarily in the first year of therapy, with men neither losing nor gaining additional weight thereafter.
Kim
Howard S
HS
Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and the Duke Prostate Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Moreira
Daniel M
DM
Smith
Matthew R
MR
Presti
Joseph C
JC
Aronson
William J
WJ
Terris
Martha K
MK
Kane
Christopher J
CJ
Amling
Christopher L
CL
Freedland
Stephen J
SJ
D000368:Aged; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015430:Weight Gain
D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000728:Androgens