title: Sensitivity of Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica), Common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus), and White Leghorn chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) embryos to in ovo exposure to TCDD, PeCDF, and TCDF.
abstract: Egg injection studies were performed to confirm a proposed model of relative sensitivity of birds to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). In this model, species are classified as belonging to one of three categories of sensitivity based on amino acid substitutions in the ligand-binding domain of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Embryo lethality and relative potencies of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran (TCDF) and 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (PeCDF) were compared with TCDD for Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica; least sensitive), Common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus; moderately sensitive), and White Leghorn chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus; most sensitive). Doses ranging from 0.044 to 37 pmol/g egg (0.015-12 ng/g egg) were injected into the air cell of eggs prior to incubation. LD(50) (95% confidence intervals) values, based on rate of hatching for TCDD, PeCDF, and TCDF, were 30 (25-36), 4.9 (2.3-9.2), and 15 (11-24) pmol/g egg for the quail, 3.5 (2.3-6.3), 0.61 (0.28-1.2), and 1.2 (0.62-2.2) pmol/g egg for pheasant, and 0.66 (0.47-0.90), 0.75 (0.64-0.87), and 0.33 (0.23-0.45) pmol/g egg for chicken, respectively. LD(50)-based relative potencies of PeCDF and TCDF were 6.1 and 2.0 for quail, 5.7 and 2.9 for pheasant, and 0.88 and 2.0 for chicken, respectively. TCDD was not the most potent compound among the species tested, with PeCDF and TCDF being more potent than TCDD in the quail and pheasant. TCDF was the most potent in chicken. Species sensitivity was as expected for TCDD and TCDF, whereas for PeCDF, the chicken and pheasant were similar in sensitivity and both were more sensitive than the quail. Results from companion in vitro studies are generally similar to those reported here with a few exceptions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cohen-Barnhouse
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zwiernik
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Link
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Sean W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Jessica C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hervé
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Giesy
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiseman
authors.forename: Yinfei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Newsted
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bursian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000633:toxicity*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development; D003370:Coturnix / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D046094:Galliformes / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008954:Models, Biological; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; C038890:2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran; C014211:2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzofuran