title: Prevalence and correlates of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in Tianjin, China: a population-based cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Data on latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) from population-based studies are sparse. We sought to investigate the prevalence and correlates of LADA.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 8,109 participants, who were aged ≥15 years and living in Tianjin, China, were assessed to identify individuals with type 2 diabetes (American Diabetes Association Criteria, 1997) and further to detect patients with LADA. LADA was ascertained by 1) the presence of type 2 diabetes and age ≥35 years, 2) the lack of a requirement for insulin at least 6 months after the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, and 3) serum GAD antibody positivity. Data were analyzed using multinomial logistic regression with adjustment for potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all participants, 498 (6.1%) were patients with type 2 diabetes. Of them, 46 (9.2%) were found to have LADA. The prevalence of LADA was 0.6% (46 of 8,109), and tended to increase with age up to 50-59 years in all participants. The odds ratios (95% CI) of LADA related to hypertension, family history of diabetes, waist-to-hip ratio ≥0.85, and major stressful events were 1.93 (1.02-3.65), 17.59 (9.08-34.06), 5.37 (2.31-12.49), and 4.09 (1.75-9.52), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of LADA is ∼9% in patients with type 2 diabetes. Hypertension, family history of diabetes, central obesity, and major stressful events may be associated with the occurrence of LADA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Public Health School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. qixiuying@tijmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xiuying
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Peizhong Peter
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhongliang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Madonna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Junting
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Weili
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio