Antibacterial, antioxidant and fibroblast growth stimulation activity of crude extracts of Bridelia ferruginea leaf, a wound-healing plant of Nigeria.
OBJECTIVE
Determination of pharmacological activity relevant to wound healing of Bridelia ferruginea leaf, a traditional medicine used to treat wounds in rural Nigeria.


METHODS
Aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts were tested against bacterial species of relevance to wound infections: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The ethanolic extracts were assessed for their ability to stimulate the growth of human dermal fibroblasts (FS5) and protect against damage induced by hydrogen peroxide. Antioxidant activity was also assessed using the DPPH assay.


RESULTS
Both aqueous and ethanolic extracts had weak antibacterial activity (MIC>470 μg/ml). A significant effect (p<0.001) on the growth of FS5 fibroblasts was observed only at a concentration of 5 μg/ml (28% increase), above which the extracts appeared toxic to the cells. The ethanolic extract offered the highest protection against H(2)O(2) damage to FS5 cells, comparable with catalase (82% at 250 μg/ml). The DPPH assay revealed antioxidant activity of the ethanolic leaf extract with IC(50) 12.5±0.3 μg/ml comparable to l-ascorbic acid (7.3±0.1 μg/ml).


CONCLUSIONS
The antibacterial, modest fibroblast stimulation activity and relatively strong antioxidant activity lend some support to the topical use of Bridelia ferruginea leaf for wound-healing in the traditional medicine of South-western Nigeria.
Adetutu
Adewale
A
School of Health and Bioscience, University of East London, London, United Kingdom. wale_836@hotmail.com
Morgan
Winston A
WA
Corcoran
Olivia
O
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D019665:Euphorbiaceae; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009549:Nigeria; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl