title: Heterogeneous graphene nanostructures: ZnO nanostructures grown on large-area graphene layers.
abstract: In this work, the synthesis and characterization of three-dimensional hetergeneous graphene nanostructures (HGN) comprising continuous large-area graphene layers and ZnO nanostructures, fabricated via chemical vapor deposition, are reported. Characterization of large-area HGN demonstrates that it consists of 1-5 layers of graphene, and exhibits high optical transmittance and enhanced electrical conductivity. Electron microscopy investigation of the three-dimensional heterostructures shows that the morphology of ZnO nanostructures is highly dependent on the growth temperature. It is observed that ordered crystalline ZnO nanostructures are preferably grown along the <0001> direction. Ultraviolet spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy indicates that the CVD-grown HGN layers has excellent optical properties. A combination of electrical and optical properties of graphene and ZnO building blocks in ZnO-based HGN provides unique characteristics for opportunities in future optoelectronic devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Miroslav
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Penchev
authors.forename: Guoping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rajat K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Jiebin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Xiaoye
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Mihri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: Cengiz S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D006108:Graphite; D015034:Zinc Oxide