title: Cochlear implantation in patients with prelingual hearing loss.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The average age at the time of cochlear implantation is progressively being reduced. While cochlear obstruction and perilymph/cerebello-spinal fluid gusher were found in some cases, preoperative MRI and CT scans were predictive of such occurrences. The preoperative developmental quotient in the Cognitive-Adaptive Area was strongly correlated to the postoperative development in the Language-Social Area.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To summarize the background, implant devices, intraoperative findings, and postoperative developmental quotients of prelingually deafened patients who underwent cochlear implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective chart review of 134 prelingually deafened cochlear implant recipients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age at implantation was 3 years and 5 months. Most patients were born deaf without any known etiologies. In most cases, the transmastoid facial recess approach was utilized. Cochlear obstruction was identified in four patients, all of whom lost their hearing as a result of meningitis. Perilymph/cerebello-spinal fluid gusher was observed in six patients with inner ear anomalies. The preoperative developmental quotient for the Cognitive-Adaptive Area showed significant correlation with the postoperative developmental quotient in the Language-Social Area with a correlation coefficient of 0.71.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. hhiraumi@ent.kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Harukazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiraumi
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tatsunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Juichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003638:Deafness / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult