title: Undifferentiated liver embryonal sarcoma in adults: a report of four cases and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the undifferentiated embryonal sarcoma of liver (UESL) in adults in order to improve its diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four primary and one recurrent cases of UESL were clinicopathologically evaluated and immunohistochemically investigated with a panel of antibodies using the EnVision+ system. Relevant literature about UESL in adults was reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three males and one female were enrolled in this study. Their chief complaints were abdominal pain, weight loss, or fever. Laboratory tests, imaging and pathological features of UESL in adults were similar to those in children. Immunohistochemistry showed evidence of widely divergent differentiation into mesenchymal and epithelial phenotypes. The survival time of patients who underwent complete tumor resection followed by adjuvant transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) was significantly longer than that of those who underwent surgical treatment alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UESL in adults may undergo pluripotential differentiation and its diagnosis should be made based on its morphological and immunohistochemical features. Complete tumor resection after adjuvant TACE may improve the survival time of such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intervention Radiotherapy, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, 225 Changhai Road, Shanghai 200438, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shao-Juan
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Wei-Hua
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jun-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chun-Hua
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Meng-Chao
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ai-Min
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor