title: Amino acid profile during exercise and training in Standardbreds.
abstract: The objective of this study is to assess the influence of acute exercise, training and intensified training on the plasma amino acid profile. In a 32-week longitudinal study using 10 Standardbred horses, training was divided into four phases, including a phase of intensified training for five horses. At the end of each phase, a standardized exercise test, SET, was performed. Plasma amino acid concentrations before and after each SET were measured. Training significantly reduced mean plasma aspartic acid concentration, whereas exercise significantly increased the plasma concentrations of alanine, taurine, methionine, leucine, tyrosine and phenylalanine and reduced the plasma concentrations of glycine, ornithine, glutamine, citrulline and serine. Normally and intensified trained horses differed not significantly. It is concluded that amino acids should not be regarded as limiting training performance in Standardbreds except for aspartic acid which is the most likely candidate for supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Equine Sciences, Medicine Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80152, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. Electronic address: C.M.Westermann@uu.nl.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Westermann
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dorland
authors.affiliation: Department of Equine Sciences, Medicine Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80152, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Wijnberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolic and Endocrine Diseases, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M G M
authors.initials: MGM
authors.lastname: de Sain-van der Velden
authors.affiliation: Department of Movement Sciences, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van Breda
authors.affiliation: Department of Equine Sciences, Medicine Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80152, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barneveld
authors.affiliation: Department of Equine Sciences, Medicine Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80152, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Graaf-Roelfsema
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Physiology and Sports Medicine, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Keizer
authors.affiliation: Department of Equine Sciences, Medicine Section, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80152, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van der Kolk
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids