title: Sunitinib in metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients with brain metastases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a broad patient population with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (RCC), enrolled in an open-label, expanded access program (EAP), the safety profile of sunitinib was manageable, and efficacy results were encouraging. Here, the authors report results for patients with baseline brain metastases participating in this global EAP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Previously treated and treatment-naive metastatic RCC patients ≥18 years received sunitinib 50 mg orally, once daily, on Schedule 4/2. Safety was assessed regularly, tumor measurements done per local practice, and survival data collected where possible. Analyses were done in the modified intention-to-treat (ITT) population, consisting of all patients who received ≥1 dose of sunitinib.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As of December 2007, 4564 patients had enrolled in 52 countries. Of these enrollees, 4371 were included in the modified ITT population, of whom 321 (7%) had baseline brain metastases and had received a median of 3 treatment cycles (range 1-25). Reasons for their discontinuation included lack of efficacy (32%) and adverse events (8%). The most common grade 3-4 treatment-related adverse events were fatigue and asthenia (both 7%), thrombocytopenia (6%), and neutropenia (5%), the incidence of which were comparable to that for the overall EAP population. Of 213 evaluable patients, 26 (12%) had an objective response. Median progression-free survival and overall survival were 5.6 months (95% CI, 5.2-6.1) and 9.2 months (95% CI, 7.8-10.9), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with brain metastases from RCC, the safety profile of sunitinib was comparable to that in the general metastatic RCC population, and sunitinib showed evidence of antitumor activity.
authors.affiliation: Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom. martin.gore@rmh.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Martin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: Subramanian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hariharan
authors.forename: Camillo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Porta
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bracarda
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Georg A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Bjarnason
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oudard
authors.forename: Se-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carteni
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Jinyu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Cezary
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szczylik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077210:Sunitinib
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D000077210:Sunitinib