title: On "feeling right" in cultural contexts: how person-culture match affects self-esteem and subjective well-being.
abstract: Whether one is in one's native culture or abroad, one's personality can differ markedly from the personalities of the majority, thus failing to match the "cultural norm." Our studies examined how the interaction of individual- and cultural-level personality affects people's self-esteem and well-being. We propose a person-culture match hypothesis that predicts that when a person's personality matches the prevalent personalities of other people in a culture, culture functions as an important amplifier of the positive effect of personality on self-esteem and subjective well-being at the individual level. Across two studies, using data from more than 7,000 individuals from 28 societies, multilevel random-coefficient analyses showed that when a relation between a given personality trait and well-being or self-esteem exists at the individual level, the relation is stronger in cultures characterized by high levels of that personality dimension. Results were replicated across extraversion, promotion focus, and locomotive regulatory mode. Our research has practical implications for the well-being of both cultural natives and migrants.
authors.affiliation: University of Maryland, Department of Psychology, 1147 Biology-Psychology Building, College Park, MD 20742, USA. afulmer@psyc.umd.edu
authors.forename: C Ashley
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Fulmer
authors.forename: Michele J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gelfand
authors.forename: Arie W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Kruglanski
authors.forename: Chu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim-Prieto
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diener
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pierro
authors.forename: E Tory
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Higgins
mesh_terms: D002605:Character; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005120:Extraversion, Psychological; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D012649:Self Concept; D012931:Social Environment; D012933:Social Identification; D012945:Social Values