title: Comparison of MTT assay, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR in the evaluation of cytotoxicity of five prosthodontic materials.
abstract: In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of five prosthodontic materials on the L929 cell line were assessed by flow cytometry (FCM), reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoli-umbromide) assay. The cells were treated with eluates resin (RE), pressable ceramics (PC), Co-Cr alloy-porcelain (CC), Ni-Cr alloy-porcelain (NC), and diatomite ceramics (DC). The cytotoxicity of all the materials tested by the MTT assay was grade 1. By FCM analysis, apoptosis rates of DC and PC were low, with no significant difference from the control (p > 0.05). The rest of the groups induced much higher apoptosis rates (p < 0.05), with the highest in the RE group. The necrotic cell levels of RE was also significantly increased (p < 0.05). Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expression were determined by RT-PCR, and the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the DC and PC groups were not significantly different from the control (p > 0.05), whereas CC, NC, and RE groups showed significant differences (p < 0.05). Taken together, the results suggest that FCM and RT-PCR analyses can supplement the traditional MTT assay in evaluating the cytotoxicity of prosthodontic materials for selecting highly biocompatible materials.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China.
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Laikui
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Hanbing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guang
authors.forename: Feimin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D051379:Mice; D011476:Prosthodontics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D003764:Dental Materials; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C022616:thiazolyl blue