Friedelane triterpenes from Celastrus vulcanicola as photosynthetic inhibitors.
Five friedelane triterpenoids, epifriedelinol (1), friedelin (2), canophyllol (3), pulpononic acid (4) and 3-oxo-29-hydroxyfriedelane (5), were isolated from Celastrus vulcanicola (Celastraceae), and were identified by spectroscopic methods, comparison with authentic samples and reported data. In the search for potential herbicides, compounds 1-5 were evaluated for their photosynthetic inhibitory activity. Compound 1 acts as an energy transfer inhibitor, interacting and enhancing the light-activated Mg(2+)-ATPase, while 3 behaves as a Hill reaction inhibitor. The in vivo assays indicated that 1 and 3 act as selective postemergence herbicides at 100 μM by reducing biomass production in the weed Physalis ixocarpa. Moreover, results from Chl a fluorescence transients in leaves of Lolium perenne and P. ixocarpa suggest that both compounds affect photosynthesis efficiency of the chloroplasts as a response to a process of detoxification and repair. Thus, 1 and 3 reduce biomass by more complex mechanisms than only the damaging of the photosynthetic apparatus.
Torres-Romero
David
D
Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
King-Díaz
Beatriz
B
Strasser
Reto J
RJ
Jiménez
Ignacio A
IA
Lotina-Hennsen
Blas
B
Bazzocchi
Isabel L
IL
D031247:Celastrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008129:Lolium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D057685:Plant Weeds / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
D006540:Herbicides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; C421805:friedelane