The role of intercalated water in multilayered graphene oxide.
A detailed in situ infrared spectroscopy analysis of single layer and multilayered graphene oxide (GO) thin films reveals that the normalized infrared absorption in the carbonyl region is substantially higher in multilayered GO upon mild annealing. These results highlight the fact that the reduction chemistry of multilayered GO is dramatically different from the single layer GO due to the presence of water molecules confined in the ∼1 nm spacing between sheets. IR spectroscopy, XPS analysis, and DFT calculations all confirm that the water molecules play a significant role interacting with basal plane etch holes through passivation, via evolution of CO(2) leading to the formation of ketone and ester carbonyl groups. Displacement of water from intersheet spacing with alcohol significantly changes the chemistry of carbonyl formation with temperature.
Acik
Muge
M
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States.
Mattevi
Cecilia
C
Gong
Cheng
C
Lee
Geunsik
G
Cho
Kyeongjae
K
Chhowalla
Manish
M
Chabal
Yves J
YJ
D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000379:methods; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
D004952:Esters; D007659:Ketones; D010087:Oxides; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D006108:Graphite