title: Characterization of polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flame retardants in sediments from riverine and coastal waters of Surabaya, Indonesia.
abstract: A total of 33 surficial sediments from riverine and coastal waters from Surabaya, Indonesia were analyzed for PCBs and BFRs. Concentrations of PCBs (62 congeners), PBDEs (14 congeners) and HBCDs (3 isomers) varied from <DL-420, <DL-35 and <DL-5.4 ng g(-1)dw, respectively. Higher concentrations of these compounds were found in riverine than coastal sediments. Their levels and distribution were influenced by proximity to the point sources and TOC. The predominant congeners were CB-153, -28, -138, -149, -180, -33 and BDE-209, -207, -206, -197, -196, -183, -99, -47 for PCBs and PBDEs, respectively, and γ-isomer for HBCDs. Debromination of BDE-209 might be taking place producing lower toxic congeners in sediment. Levels of PCBs in riverine sediments were comparable with some polluted areas worldwide, but PBDEs and HBCDs were lower. Hazard assessment of PCBs indicated possible toxic potential, particularly in areas close to point sources.
authors.affiliation: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilyas
authors.forename: Agus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sudaryanto
authors.forename: Iwan Eka
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Setiawan
authors.forename: Adi Slamet
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Riyadi
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis*; D007214:Indonesia; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls