title: Myostatin expression, lymphocyte population, and potential cytokine production correlate with predisposition to high-fat diet induced obesity in mice.
abstract: A strong relationship exists between increased inflammatory cytokines and muscle insulin resistance in obesity. This study focused on identifying a relationship between metabolic propensity and myostatin expression in muscle and spleen cells in response to high-fat diet intake. Using a comparative approach, we analyzed the effects of high-fat diet intake on myostatin and follistatin expression, spleen cell composition, and potential cytokine expression in high-fat diet induced obesity (HFDIO) resistant (SWR/J) and susceptible (C57BL/6) mice models. Results demonstrated overall increased myostatin expression in muscle following high-fat diet intake in HFDIO-susceptible mice, while myostatin expression levels decreased initially in muscle from high-fat diet fed resistant mice. In HFDIO-resistant mice, myostatin expression decreased in spleen, while myostatin increased in spleen tissue from HFDIO-susceptible mice. Proinflammatory cytokine (IL-17, IL-1β, and IFNγ) potential increased in splenocytes from HFDIO-susceptible mice. In comparison, C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet exhibited higher frequencies of CD4(+)/CD44(hi) and CD8(+)/CD44(hi) cells in the spleen compared to control fed mice. Together, these results suggest that susceptibility to high-fat diet induced obesity could be influenced by local myostatin activity in a tissue-specific manner and that splenocytes exhibit differential cytokine production in a strain-dependent manner. This study sets the stage for future investigations into the interactions between growth, inflammation, and metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Jeri-Anne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: Jodie S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Haring
authors.forename: Peggy R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Biga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D055435:Myostatin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004041:Dietary Fats; D020381:Interleukin-17; D055435:Myostatin