title: Caspase cascade pathways in apoptosis of oral lichen planus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Apoptosis is frequently found in oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions, but the pathways leading to apoptosis are unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study focused on analysis of caspase expression which is essential for apoptosis. Expression of caspases 2, 3, 8, 9, and 12 was studied in 70 biopsy samples from atrophic OLP to identify which cascade pathway, extrinsic or intrinsic, is of importance in apoptosis in OLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caspase-2 expression was present in every sample, and >70% of the epithelial cells were positive in 33% of the lesions. More than 70% of the epithelial cells expressed caspase-12 in 84% of the specimens. Caspase-8 expression was shown totally in 87% of the specimens. No caspase-3 expression was found in 57% of the samples, and caspase-9 expression was absent in the entire OLP specimen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high frequency of intrinsic apoptotic pathway markers caspases 2 and 12 indicates intracellular stress in atrophic OLP epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology and Radiology, Institute of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku, Finland. riikka.mattila@utu.fi
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mattila
authors.forename: Stina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syrjänen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001706:Biopsy; D053454:Caspase 12 / Q000032:analysis; D053143:Caspase 2 / Q000032:analysis; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000032:analysis; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000032:analysis; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000032:analysis; D053470:Caspases, Effector / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D053471:Caspases, Initiator / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053218:Receptors, Death Domain / Q000032:analysis; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D053218:Receptors, Death Domain; C506444:CASP12 protein, human; C490360:CASP2 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; D053454:Caspase 12; D053143:Caspase 2; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D053470:Caspases, Effector; D053471:Caspases, Initiator; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases