title: Motor activation in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson disease: a PET study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple system atrophy (MSA) is an atypical parkinsonian syndrome including cerebellar impairment and poor response to levodopa. We assessed right hand motor activation in patients with MSA before and after an acute levodopa challenge in comparison with patients with PD and healthy volunteers (HVs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients with MSA, 8 patients with PD, and 10 age-matched HVs were included. Regional cerebral blood flow measurements with H(2)(15)O PET were performed at rest and during a right hand movement. Statistical parametric mapping was used to analyze motor vs rest in OFF and ON conditions and the effect of levodopa on motor activation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before levodopa, patients with MSA activated most known cerebral motor areas. Compared with HVs, patients with MSA exhibited less bilateral cerebellar activation and greater left superior parietal activation. They also had less bilateral cerebellar and greater supplementary motor and left superior parietal activation than patients with PD. Conversely, patients with PD had greater activation than HVs in the right cerebellum and less in the supplementary motor cortex. After levodopa, patients with MSA exhibited reduced activation in anterior cingulate, whereas patients with PD had greater activation in the right cerebellum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with MSA and patients with PD recruited different motor networks. Patients with PD preferentially activated cerebellar pathways, possibly to compensate for basal ganglia dysfunction. This was not observed in patients with MSA, probably because of cerebellar dysfunction; other frontoparietal cortical areas were recruited.
authors.affiliation: Inserm, Imagerie cérébrale et handicaps neurologiques UMR 825, Toulouse, France. payoux.p@chu-toulouse.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Payoux
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brefel-Courbon
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ory-Magne
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Regragui
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thalamas
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balduyck
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Durif
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Azulay
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tison
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Blin
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Esquerre
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rascol
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017666:Deuterium Oxide; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019578:Multiple System Atrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D015259:Dopamine Agents; D007980:Levodopa; D017666:Deuterium Oxide