title: Scintigraphic evaluation of intrapulmonary shunt in normoxemic cirrhotic patients and effects of terlipressin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The magnitude of intrapulmonary shunt (IPS) in cirrhotic patients without hypoxemia remains undefined. We evaluated the severity and clinical correlations of IPS in normoxemic cirrhotics, and possible IPS alterations after terlipressin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with alcoholic cirrhosis without hypoxemia were studied at baseline and after the administration of 2 mg of terlipressin. The IPS fraction was evaluated by lung perfusion scan after the i.v. injection of technetium-99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin ((99m) Tc-MAA) and calculation of brain uptake (positive value ≥6%). Cardiac output (CO), pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) were evaluated by Doppler echocardiography. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured and the ratio MAP/CO was calculated as an index of systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Portal vein velocity (PVV) and portal venous flow (PVF) were also assessed by Doppler ultrasonography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients (20%) had an IPS fraction of more than 6%. A significant inverse correlation with platelet count (P = 0.001) and a direct correlation with Child-Pugh score (P = 0.06), PVV (P = 0.07) and PVF (P = 0.07) were noted. IPS fractions decreased significantly after terlipressin administration (P = 0.00001); the IPS fraction fell below 6% in all three patients with positive baseline values. Terlipressin treatment induced a significant decrease in CO (P = 0.003) and significant increases in MAP (P = 0.0003), SVR (P = 0.0003), SPAP (P = 0.001) and PVR (P = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IPS fractions detected by (99m) Tc-MAA lung scan were inversely correlated with platelet count and directly with liver disease severity, and found abnormal in 20% of normoxemic cirrhotic patients. Terlipressin reduced significantly the magnitude of the shunt.
authors.affiliation: First Division of Internal Medicine Hepato-Gastroenterology Unit Department of Nuclear Medicine Department of Cardiology Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kalambokis
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baltayiannis
authors.forename: Spyridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsiouris
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Panorea
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kokkinou
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fotopoulos
authors.forename: Epameinondas V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Tsianos