title: A case of recurrent giant cell tumor of bone with malignant transformation and benign pulmonary metastases.
abstract: Giant cell tumor (GCT) of bone is a locally destructive tumor that occurs predominantly in long bones of post-pubertal adolescents and young adults, where it occurs in the epiphysis. The majority are treated by aggressive curettage or resection. Vascular invasion outside the boundary of the tumor can be seen. Metastasis, with identical morphology to the primary tumor, occurs in a few percent of cases, usually to the lung. On occasion GCTs of bone undergo frank malignant transformation to undifferentiated sarcomas. Here we report a case of GCT of bone that at the time of recurrence was found to have undergone malignant transformation. Concurrent metastases were found in the lung, but these were non-transformed GCT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 W, Harrison #300 Chicago, IL, 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Ira J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blank
authors.forename: Suellen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McNickle
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gitelis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D001706:Biopsy; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003475:Curettage; D018212:Giant Cell Tumor of Bone / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012086:Reoperation; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D013977:Tibia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements