Evolutionary development and expression pattern of the myeloid lectin-like receptor gene family encoded within the NK gene complex.
The myeloid cluster within the natural killer (NK) gene complex comprises several C-type lectin-like receptor genes of diverse and highly important functions in the immune system such as LOX-1 and DECTIN-1. Based on sequences that have become available by whole genome sequencing, we conducted a comparison of the human, chimpanzee, mouse and rat NK gene complex to better characterize this gene family and additional genes of this region in regard of their phylogenetic relationship and evolution within the complex. We found that the arrangement of genes within the primate cluster differs from the order and orientation of the corresponding genes in the rodent complex which can be explained by evolutionary duplication and inversion events. Analysis of individual genes revealed a high sequence conservation supporting the prime importance of the encoded proteins. Expression analyses of the more recently described CLEC12B and CLEC9A genes displayed not only mRNA expression in monocytic and dendritic cells, but in contrast to other members of the family also in lymphocytes. Further, two additional genes were identified, which do not encode proteins with lectin-like domain structure and seem to be widely expressed.
Sattler
S
S
Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. s.sattler@imperial.ac.uk
Ghadially
H
H
Reiche
D
D
Karas
I
I
Hofer
E
E
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D020014:K562 Cells; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000235:genetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family / Q000235:genetics*; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D051381:Rats; D011975:Receptors, Mitogen / Q000235:genetics; D055630:Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E / Q000235:genetics; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D020298:U937 Cells
C522578:CLEC12B protein, human; C104778:CLEC2B protein, human; C530206:CLEC9a protein, human; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C495137:OLR1 protein, human; D011975:Receptors, Mitogen; D055630:Receptors, NK Cell Lectin-Like; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E