Pharmacological analyses of protein kinases regulating egg maturation in marine nemertean worms: a review and comparison with Mammalian eggs.
For development to proceed normally, animal eggs must undergo a maturation process that ultimately depends on phosphorylations of key regulatory proteins. To analyze the kinases that mediate these phosphorylations, eggs of marine nemertean worms have been treated with pharmacological modulators of intracellular signaling pathways and subsequently probed with immunoblots employing phospho-specific antibodies. This article both reviews such analyses and compares them with those conducted on mammals, while focusing on how egg maturation in nemerteans is affected by signaling pathways involving cAMP, mitogen-activated protein kinases, Src-family kinases, protein kinase C isotypes, AMP-activated kinase, and the Cdc2 kinase of maturation-promoting factor.
Department of Biology, University of New Mexico, MSC032020, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA. sstr@unm.edu
Stephen A
SA
Stricker
Jose R
JR
Escalona
Samuel
S
Abernathy
Alicia
A
Marquardt
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D045163:Antibodies, Phospho-Specific; D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007448:Invertebrates / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008322:Mammals; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010063:Ovum / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012623:Seawater; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
D045163:Antibodies, Phospho-Specific; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011494:Protein Kinases; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases