Insulin resistance predicts re-treatment failure in an efficacy study of peginterferon-α-2a and ribavirin in HIV/HCV co-infected patients.
OBJECTIVE
Few studies evaluated the efficacy of HCV re-treatment and the predictors of response in HIV/HCV co-infected patients. The role of insulin resistance as a predictor of response in this population is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of pegylated interferon-α-2a and ribavirin in re-treatment of HIV/HCV co-infected patients, predictors of sustained virological response, including insulin resistance, and the relationship between insulin resistance and liver histology.


METHODS
This prospective, multi-centered study included HIV/HCV co-infected patients with prior interferon-based treatment failure. Patients received pegylated interferon-α-2a and ribavirin for 48 weeks. Serum HCV RNA was measured 24 weeks post treatment to assess sustained virological response. Insulin resistance was defined as HOMA-IR >2. Correlations between baseline insulin resistance and steatosis, and/or cirrhosis were determined.


RESULTS
Sustained virological response was achieved in 14/96 (15%) patients. 35% of patients with HOMA-IR < 2 (6/17) achieved sustained virological response vs 14% (5/36) of those with HOMA-IR between 2-4, and 7% (3/41) of those with HOMA-IR > 4 (p = 0.01). In multivariable analysis, insulin resistance and log₁₀ HCV RNA were negatively associated with sustained virological response [AOR 0.17; 95% CI 0.05-0.64, p = 0.009, and AOR 0.36; 95% CI 0.14-0.93, p = 0.04, respectively]. Steatosis and cirrhosis correlated with insulin resistance (p = 0.02 and 0.03, respectively) but neither independently predicted sustained virological response. Discontinuations due to severe adverse events occurred in 8% of cases, and 2 patients died of unrelated causes.


CONCLUSIONS
In HIV/HCV co-infected patients undergoing re-treatment, sustained virological response rate is low; those patients without insulin resistance are significantly more likely to achieve sustained virological response.
Vachon
Marie-Louise C
ML
Division of Liver Diseases, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, NY, USA. marie-louise.vachon@mountsinai.org
Factor
Stephanie H
SH
Branch
Andrea D
AD
Fiel
Maria-Isabel
MI
Rodriguez-Torres
Maribel
M
Bräu
Norbert
N
Sterling
Richard K
RK
Slim
Jihad
J
Talal
Andrew H
AH
Dieterich
Douglas T
DT
Sulkowski
Mark S
MS
D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017211:Treatment Failure
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a