Lipopolysaccharide stress induces cell-type specific production of murine leukemia virus type-endogenous retroviral virions in primary lymphoid cells.
Some murine-endogenous retroviruses, making up ∼10 % of the mouse genome, are induced during the course of experimental sepsis in which lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogenic component of gram-negative bacteria, often plays a critical role. In this study, we investigated whether LPS stress induces the production of murine leukemia virus type-endogenous retrovirus (MuLV-ERV) virions in primary lymphoid cells. LPS treatment of cells (single-cell suspensions and sorted B- and T-cells) isolated from seven lymphoid organs of C57BL/6J mice resulted in a differential increase in the production of MuLV-ERV virions in most cells examined. Interestingly, among the 34 unique MuLV-ERV U3 sequences cloned from the viral genomic RNAs, the nuclear respiratory factor 1 (transcription factor) element was present only in the 20 U3 sequences that were derived from the LPS-induced MuLV-ERV U3 bands. Using the U3 sequences as a probe, 55 putative MuLV-ERV loci were mapped onto the C57BL/6J mouse genome and 15 of them retained full coding potential. Furthermore, one full-length recombinant MuLV-ERV originating from a locus on chromosome 13 was determined to be responsive to LPS stress. The findings from this study suggest that LPS stress differentially activates MuLV-ERV virion production in lymphoid organs in a cell type- and MuLV-ERV-specific manner. Further investigation is needed to define the role of MuLV-ERVs in the LPS signalling pathway(s) in general, as well as in the pathogenesis of sepsis.
Kwon
Deug-Nam
DN
Burn Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California and Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Lee
Young-Kwan
YK
Greenhalgh
David G
DG
Cho
Kiho
K
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012367:RNA, Viral