In vitro alterations in dental enamel exposed to acidic medicines.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of acidic medicines (Klaricid(®), Claritin(®), and Dimetapp(®)) on surface enamel in vitro.


METHODS
Enamel blocks (n=104) were randomly distributed into two groups: G1 (pH-cycling simulating physiological oral conditions) and G2 (erosive conditions). Each group was divided into four subgroups, three to be immersed in the medicines and the control in deionized water. Specimen surfaces were evaluated for roughness and hardness at baseline and again after the in vitro experimental phase, which included 30 min immersions in the medicines twice daily for 12 days. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was also performed after the in vitro experimental phase.


RESULTS
All medicines produced a significant reduction in hardness in G1 after 12 days (P<0.05). The three medicines promoted greater roughness after both pH-regimens - G1 and G2 (P<0.01), except for Claritin in G1. Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed erosive patterns in all subgroups. Dimetapp(®) showed the most erosion and Klaricid(®) the least, in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Dimetapp(®) (lowest pH and viscosity) and deionized water (control) showed the most pronounced erosive patterns. Klaricid(®) (highest pH and viscosity) presented an in vitro protective effect against acid attacks perhaps due to its mineral content and viscosity.
Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Ana Carolina
AC
Valinoti
Viviane Santos Da Silva
VS
Pierro
Eduardo Moreira
EM
Da Silva
Lucianne Cople
LC
Maia
D000818:Animals; D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001977:Brompheniramine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry; D006244:Hardness; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D017336:Loratadine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000737:chemistry; D054199:Pseudoephedrine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D019141:Respiratory System Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014783:Viscosity
D018926:Anti-Allergic Agents; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019141:Respiratory System Agents; D012996:Solutions; C007484:brompheniramine, pseudoephedrine drug combination; D010758:Phosphorus; D019343:Citric Acid; D017336:Loratadine; D054199:Pseudoephedrine; D017291:Clarithromycin; D001977:Brompheniramine; D005459:Fluorides; D002118:Calcium