[Etiology and risk factors for a first episode of cerebral isquemia in young adults].
BACKGROUND
To determinate the etiology and risk factors for a first episode of cerebral ischemia in young adults at three hospitals of Lima and Callao-Peru.


METHODS
Multicentric study carried out at three national hospitals in Lima. The sample included 30 patients with a first episode of stroke and 60 controls matched by age and sex 2:1 with the patients. Serum biochemistry studies, EKGs and echocardiograms were done. Etiologies were classified based on the classification of Baltimore-Washington Cooperative Young Stroke Study.


RESULTS
The most frequent etiologies were cardiac embolism and atherosclerotic valvular heart disease, which were 30% of the cases (9 patients) each one. Hypertriglyceridemia (p=0.014), valvular heart disease (p=0.001) and hormonal contraception/replacement therapy (p=0.002) were independent risk factors for a first episode of cerebral ischemia in peruvian young adults. Motor deficiency was the most frequent presentation (50.0%). Intracraneal hypertension and urinary tract infection were the most frequent complications during acute ischemia and mortality was raised up to 10%.


CONCLUSIONS
The hypertriglyceridemia, valvular heart disease and the use of oral contraceptives are independent risk factors for a first episode of ischemia in young adults from three hospitals of Lima and Callao. The most frequent etiologies were cardiac embolism and atheroesclerotic valvular heart disease.
Tarazona
B
B
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. belimed22@hotmail.com
Ramos
W
W
Arce
J
J
Yarinsueca
J
J
Morales
S
S
Ronceros
G
G
Galarza
C
C
Pérez
J
J
D000328:Adult; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004617:Embolism / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010568:Peru; D012307:Risk Factors