Chronic alcohol consumption decreases the percentage and number of NK cells in the peripheral lymph nodes and exacerbates B16BL6 melanoma metastasis into the draining lymph nodes.
NK cells in the lymph nodes play important roles in inhibiting tumor metastasis into draining lymph nodes. Previously, we reported that chronic alcohol consumption interferes with NK cell trafficking from the bone marrow to the spleen. Herein, we found that alcohol consumption decreases the numbers of NK cells in lymph nodes. Adoptive transfer experiments indicated that continued exposure of donor splenocytes to alcohol inhibits NK but not T cell trafficking to lymph nodes. Alcohol did not negatively affect CCR7(+) and CXCR3(+) NK cells, but decreased the percentage and number of CD62L(+) NK cells in the spleen, which are an important source of NK cell trafficking into the lymph nodes. These data suggest that modulation of the microenvironment associated with alcohol consumption impairs the trafficking of NK cells to lymph nodes. The decreased number of NK cells in the lymph nodes was associated with increased melanoma metastasis into the draining lymph nodes.
Zhang
Hui
H
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6534, United States.
Zhu
Zhaohui
Z
Meadows
Gary G
GG
D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology