Sarcoidosis--moving to the new standard of diagnosis?
In this article, the most recent literature data regarding the diagnosis of sarcoidosis have been reviewed. The diagnosis of sarcoidosis can be reliably established when there is a compatible clinical/radiological picture together with pathologic evidence of noncaseating epithelioid cell granulomas. Pathologic specimens can be obtained by conventional bronchoscopy with endobronchial, transbronchial lung biopsy, bronchoalveolar lavage, and recently introduced endoscopic ultrasound techniques (endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration, EUS-FNA, and endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration, EBUS-TBNA) or surgical procedures such as thoracotomy, thoracoscopy, and mediastinoscopy. The place and value of EBUS-TBNA or EUS-FNA in diagnosis of sarcoidosis are discussed.
Department of Pulmonology and Immunology, Kaunas University of Medicine, Eivenių 2, 50028 Kaunas, Lithuania. skaidrius.miliauskas@kmuk.lt
Skaidrius
S
Miliauskas
Marius
M
Zemaitis
Raimundas
R
Sakalauskas
D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008481:Mediastinoscopy; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D013908:Thoracotomy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed