Attraction of Chrysoperla carnea complex and Chrysopa spp. lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) to aphid sex pheromone components and a synthetic blend of floral compounds in Hungary.
BACKGROUND
The deployment of synthetic attractants for the manipulation of lacewing populations as aphid predators is currently used in integrated pest management. This study investigates a synthetic bait comprising floral compounds previously found to attract the Chrysoperla carnea complex, and, for the first time, the aphid sex pheromone components (1R,4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactol and (4aS,7S,7aR)-nepetalactone, in field experiments in Hungary, for their ability to manipulate lacewing populations.


RESULTS
The synthetic floral bait attracted both sexes of the Chrysoperla carnea complex, and Chrysopa formosa Brauer showed minimal attraction. The aphid sex pheromone compounds alone attracted males of C. formosa and C. pallens (Rambur). When the two baits were combined, Chrysopa catches were similar to those with aphid sex pheromone baits alone, but carnea complex catches decreased significantly (by 85-88%).


CONCLUSIONS
As the floral bait alone attracted both sexes of the carnea complex, it showed potential to manipulate the location of larval density via altering the site of oviposition. Aphid sex pheromone compounds alone attracted predatory males of Chrysopa spp. and can potentially be used to enhance biological control of aphids. For the carnea complex, however, a combination of both baits is not advantageous because of the decrease in adults attracted. Assumptions of intraguild avoidance underlying this phenomenon are discussed.
Koczor
Sándor
S
Plant Protection Institute, Budapest, Hungary. koczor@julia-nki.hu
Szentkirályi
Ferenc
F
Birkett
Michael A
MA
Pickett
John A
JA
Voigt
Erzsébet
E
Tóth
Miklós
M
D000818:Animals; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000081004:Cyclopentane Monoterpenes; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006814:Hungary; D007300:Insect Control; D007313:Insecta / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D027521:Nepeta / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011753:Pyrones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*
D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D000081004:Cyclopentane Monoterpenes; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011753:Pyrones; D012724:Sex Attractants; C497341:nepetalactol; C115644:nepetalactone