Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association.
The aim of this updated statement is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of ischemic stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Evidence-based recommendations are included for the control of risk factors, interventional approaches for atherosclerotic disease, antithrombotic treatments for cardioembolism, and the use of antiplatelet agents for noncardioembolic stroke. Further recommendations are provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of other specific circumstances, including arterial dissections; patent foramen ovale; hyperhomocysteinemia; hypercoagulable states; sickle cell disease; cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; stroke among women, particularly with regard to pregnancy and the use of postmenopausal hormones; the use of anticoagulation after cerebral hemorrhage; and special approaches to the implementation of guidelines and their use in high-risk populations.
Karen L
KL
Furie
Scott E
SE
Kasner
Robert J
RJ
Adams
Gregory W
GW
Albers
Ruth L
RL
Bush
Susan C
SC
Fagan
Jonathan L
JL
Halperin
S Claiborne
SC
Johnston
Irene
I
Katzan
Walter N
WN
Kernan
Pamela H
PH
Mitchell
Bruce
B
Ovbiagele
Yuko Y
YY
Palesch
Ralph L
RL
Sacco
Lee H
LH
Schwamm
Sylvia
S
Wassertheil-Smoller
Tanya N
TN
Turan
Deidre
D
Wentworth
D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D004617:Embolism / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000628:therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy
D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors