Nanoparticulate systems for drug delivery and targeting to the central nervous system.
Brain delivery is one of the major challenges for the neuropharmaceutical industry since an alarming increase in brain disease incidence is going on. Despite major advances in neuroscience, many potential therapeutic agents are denied access to the central nervous system (CNS) because of the existence of a physiological low permeable barrier, the blood-brain barrier (BBB). To obtain an improvement of drug CNS performance, sophisticated approaches such as nanoparticulate systems are rapidly developing. Many recent data demonstrate that drugs could be transported successfully into the brain using colloidal systems after i.v. injection by several mechanisms such as endocytosis or P-glycoprotein inhibition. This review summarizes the main brain targeted nanoparticulate carriers such as liposomes, lipid nanoparticles, polymeric nanoparticles, and micelles with great potential in drug delivery into the CNS.
Craparo
Emanuela Fabiola
EF
Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche, Università di Palermo, via Archirafi, 32-90123 Palermo, Italy. ema.craparo@unipa.it
Bondì
Maria Luisa
ML
Pitarresi
Giovanna
G
Cavallaro
Gennara
G
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002491:Central Nervous System Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D008823:Micelles; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers; D013499:Surface Properties
D002491:Central Nervous System Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D008081:Liposomes; D008823:Micelles; D011108:Polymers