Functional magnetic resonance imaging in schizophrenia.
The integration of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) with cognitive and affective neuroscience paradigms enables examination of the brain systems underlying the behavioral deficits manifested in schizophrenia; there have been a remarkable increase in the number of studies that apply fMRI in neurobiological studies of this disease. This article summarizes features of fMRI methodology and highlights its application in neurobehavioral studies in schizophrenia. Such work has helped elucidate potential neural substrates of deficits in cognition and affect by providing measures of activation to neurobehavioral probes and connectivity among brain regions. Studies have demonstrated abnormalities at early stages of sensory processing that may influence downstream abnormalities in more complex evaluative processing. The methodology can help bridge integration with neuropharmacologic and genomic investigations.
Gur
Raquel E
RE
Department of Psychiatry, Neuropsychiatry Section, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 10th Floor, Gates Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. raquel@upenn.edu
Gur
Ruben C
RC
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010100:Oxygen