IDH1 or IDH2 mutations predict longer survival and response to temozolomide in low-grade gliomas.
OBJECTIVE
Recent studies have shown that IDH1 and IDH2 mutations occur frequently in gliomas, including low-grade gliomas. However, their impact on the prognosis and chemosensitivity of low-grade gliomas remains unclear.


METHODS
Search for IDH1 and IDH2 mutations, loss of heterozygosity on chromosomes 1p and 19q, MGMT promoter methylation, and p53 expression was performed in a series of 271 low-grade gliomas and correlated with overall survival. A subgroup of 84 patients treated up-front with temozolomide was individualized. Response to temozolomide was evaluated by progression-free survival, as well as by tumor size on successive MRI scans, and then correlated with molecular alterations.


RESULTS
IDH (IDH1 or IDH2) mutations were found in 132/189 patients (70%). IDH mutation and 1p-19q codeletion were associated with prolonged overall survival in univariate (p = 0.002 and p = 0.0001) and multivariate analysis (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004). 1p-19q codeletion, MGMT promoter methylation, and IDH mutation (p = 0.01) were correlated with a higher rate of response to temozolomide. Further analysis of the course of the disease prior to any treatment except for surgery (untreated subgroup) showed that 1p-19q codeletion was associated with prolonged progression-free survival in univariate analysis, whereas IDH mutation was not.


CONCLUSIONS
IDH mutation appears to be a significant marker of positive prognosis and chemosensitivity in low-grade gliomas, independently of 1p-19q codeletion, whereas its impact on the course of untreated tumors seems to be limited.
Houillier
C
C
Service de Neurologie 2-Mazarin, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière (AP-HP), Paris, France.
Wang
X
X
Kaloshi
G
G
Mokhtari
K
K
Guillevin
R
R
Laffaire
J
J
Paris
S
S
Boisselier
B
B
Idbaih
A
A
Laigle-Donadey
F
F
Hoang-Xuan
K
K
Sanson
M
M
Delattre
J-Y
JY
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D003606:Dacarbazine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D000077204:Temozolomide; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D055815:Young Adult
D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D003606:Dacarbazine; C538784:IDH2 protein, human; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C543588:IDH1 protein, human; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; C515491:MGMT protein, human; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes; D000077204:Temozolomide