Effectiveness and safety of glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors in patients with myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
BACKGROUND
Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCT) showed that glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors (GPI) are associated with reduced adverse events following primary percutaneous coronary revascularization (PCI). However, the external validity of RCTs is generally limited due to their restricted inclusion of patients. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of GPI, as adjuvant therapy for primary PCI in real-life patients with myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation (STEMI) from the general population.


METHODS
We identified all published peer-reviewed observational studies enrolling STEMI patients who underwent primary PCI. We performed random-effect meta-analyses to determine the association of GPI with major adverse events.


RESULTS
A total of 11 studies, enrolling 12,253 patients, were retained for this meta-analysis. GPI was associated with approximately 53% reduction in short-term mortality (odds ratio (OR): 0.47, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 0.32-0.68). There was a 62% reduction in long-term mortality associated with GPI (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.30-0.50). GPI was associated with a 62% reduction in 30-day re-infarction (OR: 0.38, 95% CI: 0.24-0.60) and 42% reduction in 30-day repeat PCI (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.36-0.94). A non-significant increase in major bleeding with GPI was observed with an OR of 1.55 (95% CI: 0.92-2.62).


CONCLUSIONS
GPI is associated with significant reductions in short-term mortality, re-infarction and repeat PCI, long-term mortality and an inconclusive increase in major bleeding. These results provide evidence for the safety and effectiveness of GPI as adjuvant therapy for primary PCI in real-life STEMI patients.
Kouz
Remi
R
University of Montreal, Canada.
Kouz
Simon
S
Schampaert
Erick
E
Rinfret
Stephane
S
Tardif
Jean-Claude
JC
Nguyen
Michel
M
Eisenberg
Mark
M
Harvey
Richard
R
Afilalo
Marc
M
Lauzon
Claude
C
Dery
Jean-Pierre
JP
Mansour
Samer
S
Huynh
Thao
T
D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex