Matrix metalloprotease-9 activity in the cerebrospinal fluid and spinal injury severity in dogs with intervertebral disc herniation.
We investigated whether matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of dogs with intervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) is associated with the severity of neurological signs and prognosis. CSF from the cisterna magna (C-CSF) and the lumbar spine (L-CSF) of 34 dogs with IVDH was analyzed using zymography. Activity of MMP-9 in L-CSF was detected in 6 of 34 dogs with IVDH, often for more than 7 days after injury. MMP-9 activity was not detected from any of the C-CSF samples. Of the six cases that were MMP-9 positive, all four cases with grade V that had loss of deep pain were non-ambulatory 6 months after treatment. The remaining two cases with grade III and IV could recover mobility. In dogs with grade V thoracolumbar IVDH, MMP-9 expression in the CSF may indicate severe spinal cord injury with poor prognosis.
Nagano
S
S
Department of Veterinary Clinical Science, Kagoshima University, 1-21-24 Korimoto, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
Kim
S H
SH
Tokunaga
S
S
Arai
K
K
Fujiki
M
M
Misumi
K
K
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000201:enzymology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*
D015415:Biomarkers; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9