Cholesterol is important for a post-adsorption step in the entry process of transmissible gastroenteritis virus.
Cholesterol is a major constituent of detergent-resistant membrane microdomains (DRMs). We localized transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) spike (S) protein in DRMs in the viral envelope. Though S protein was not solubilized by cold non-ionic detergents, this behavior was unchanged when cholesterol was depleted from viral membrane by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) and the protein did not comigrate with cellular DRM marker proteins in flotation analyses. Therefore, the S protein is not anchored in the viral membrane DRMs as they are known to occur in the plasma membrane. Cholesterol depletion from viral membrane may not affect the adsorption process as neither the sialic acid binding activity nor the binding to aminopeptidase N was reduced post-MβCD treatment. Reduced infectivity of cholesterol-depleted TGEV was observed only when the adsorption process occurred at 37°C but not when the virus was applied at 4°C. Cholesterol is important for a post-adsorption step, allowing membrane rearrangements that facilitate virus entry.
Yin
Jiechao
J
Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Glende
Joerg
J
Schwegmann-Wessels
Christel
C
Enjuanes
Luis
L
Herrler
Georg
G
Ren
Xiaofeng
X
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003902:Detergents; D005761:Gastroenteritis, Transmissible, of Swine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D005760:Transmissible gastroenteritis virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D053585:Virus Attachment; D053586:Virus Internalization
D003902:Detergents; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol