Altered scapular orientation during arm elevation in patients with insidious onset neck pain and whiplash-associated disorder.
METHODS
Controlled laboratory study using a cross-sectional design.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate whether there is a pattern of altered scapular orientation during arm elevation in patients with insidious onset neck pain (IONP) and whiplash-associated disorder (WAD) compared to asymptomatic people.


BACKGROUND
Altered activity in the axioscapular muscles and impairments in scapular orientation are considered to be important features in patients with cervical disorders. Scapular orientation has until now not been investigated in these patients.


METHODS
A 3-dimensional tracking device measured scapular orientation during arm elevation in patients with IONP (n = 21) and WAD (n = 23). An asymptomatic group was selected for comparison (n = 20).


RESULTS
The groups demonstrated a significantly reduced clavicle retraction on the dominant side compared to the nondominant side. The WAD group demonstrated an increased elevation of the clavicle compared to the asymptomatic group and the IONP group, and reduced scapular posterior tilt on the nondominant side compared to the IONP group.


CONCLUSIONS
Altered dynamic stability of the scapula may be present in patients with cervical disorders, which may be an important mechanism for maintenance of recurrence or exacerbation of symptoms in these patients. Patients with cervical disorders may demonstrate a difference in impairments, based on their diagnosis of IONP or WAD.
Helgadottir
Harpa
H
University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. harpahe@mmedia.is
Kristjansson
Eythor
E
Mottram
Sarah
S
Karduna
Andrew R
AR
Jonsson
Halldor
H
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012540:Scapula / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014911:Whiplash Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*