Increasing prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations and non-B subtype circulation in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-infected patients from 2001 to 2006/2007 in France.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance mutations and non-B subtype circulation in antiretroviral-naive chronically HIV-1-infected patients in France.


METHODS
Resistance mutations were sought in samples from 530 newly diagnosed HIV-1-infected patients from October 2006 to March 2007. Protease and reverse transcriptase mutations were identified from the 2007 Stanford Resistance Surveillance list.


RESULTS
Reverse transcriptase and protease resistance mutations were determined in 466 patients with duration of seropositivity <5 years. 42% of patients were infected with non-B subtype strains (CRF02 18.3%). The overall prevalence of viruses with protease or reverse transcriptase mutations was 10.6% (95% confidence interval 6.7-16.3). The prevalence of protease inhibitor, nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance-associated mutations was 4.7%, 5.8% and 2.8%, respectively. Frequency of resistance was not different in patients infected with B (9.5%) and non-B (CRF02 7.8% and other 11.2%) subtypes. Baseline characteristics such as gender, age, transmission group, country of transmission, disease stage, CD4 counts and viral load were not associated with the prevalence of transmitted drug resistance.


CONCLUSIONS
In France in 2006/2007, the prevalence of transmitted drug-resistant variants was 10.6%. Prevalence of transmitted drug resistance was comparable in B and non-B subtypes. Prevalence of non-B subtypes is still rising.
Descamps
Diane
D
Laboratoire de Virologie, AP-HP Groupe hospitalier Bichat-Claude Bernard and EA 4409 Université Paris-Diderot Paris 7, Paris, France. diane.descamps@bch.aphp.fr
Chaix
Marie-Laure
ML
Montes
Brigitte
B
Pakianather
Sophie
S
Charpentier
Charlotte
C
Storto
Alexandre
A
Barin
Francis
F
Dos Santos
Georges
G
Krivine
Anne
A
Delaugerre
Constance
C
Izopet
Jacques
J
Marcelin
Anne-Geneviève
AG
Maillard
Anne
A
Morand-Joubert
Laurence
L
Pallier
Coralie
C
Plantier
Jean-Christophe
JC
Tamalet
Catherine
C
Cottalorda
Jacqueline
J
Desbois
Delphine
D
Calvez
Vincent
V
Brun-Vezinet
Françoise
F
Masquelier
Bernard
B
Costagliola
Dominique
D
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D015995:Prevalence; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; C514824:reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease; C514803:p16 protease, Human immunodeficiency virus 1