Trans fatty acids, insulin resistance and diabetes.
The possible relationship between consumption of trans fatty acids (TFAs) and risk of insulin resistance or development of diabetes mellitus type II has been considered by a number of human and animal studies over the past decade. This review evaluates the evidence, and concludes that there is limited evidence for a weak association at high TFA intakes, but very little convincing evidence that habitual exposure as part of a standard western diet has a significant contribution to risk of diabetes or insulin resistance. The possibility of increased risk for individuals with particular genotypes (such as the FABP2 Thr54 allele) is of interest, but further work would be required to provide sufficient evidence of any association.
Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutrition Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK. a.k.thompson@reading.ac.uk
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D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids