The influence of implant design on bone remodeling around surface-modified Southern Implants®.
BACKGROUND
Implant survival and success have shown to be related to a number of factors.


OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of implant design on implant survival and success, focusing on thread pitch and implant shape.


METHODS
Non-smoking patients treated by two experienced periodontists with standard diameter externally-hexed Southern® implant(s) inserted in healed bone were retrospectively selected. A one-stage surgical approach was used in all cases and implants had been installed for at least 6 months. Information pertaining to patient-related variables, time of loading, implant design and radiographical outcome was retrieved from patients' records. Implant success was defined according to the criteria by Albrektsson and Isidor, taking into consideration bone level, defined as the distance from the implant-abutment interface to the first bone-to-implant contact.


RESULTS
In total, 59 patients treated with one hundred eleven externally-hexed Southern Implants® met the inclusion criteria. Fifty-six straight implants with a thread pitch of 0.6 mm and 55 tapered implants with a thread pitch of 1.0 mm were placed. The total implant survival rate was 98.2% after a mean follow-up period of 14 months (range 6-28). The mean bone level was 1.35 mm (SD 0.46, range 0.59-3.70) and the overall implant success rate was 75.7%. Age, gender, length, and time of loading were not decisive for implant neither failure nor bone loss in contradiction to implant design and thread pitch (p < .01). Tapered implants with a 1.0 mm thread pitch were less successful than parallel-walled implants with a 0.6 mm thread pitch.


CONCLUSIONS
The Southern Implants® system shows good short-term survival rates and bone preservation. However, bone remodeling seems affected by the implant design. Whether this is due to the tapered shape of the implant or the thread pitch is unclear and needs to be elucidated in future research.
Vandeweghe
Stefan
S
Department of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Ghent, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
Cosyn
Jan
J
Thevissen
Eric
E
Teerlinck
Johan
J
De Bruyn
Hugo
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology*; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
D015921:Dental Implants