Role of drug absorption in the pharmacokinetics of therapeutic interventions for stroke.
Absorption is a critical component of the pharmacokinetics for solid dosage forms administered orally. Many barriers must be overcome in order for a drug molecule to reach its effect site. To effectively address each of these barriers, drug-specific properties, formulation issues, and (patho)physiological changes in the gastrointestinal tract must be considered. First-pass metabolism in the gut and/or liver can dictate the extent to which a drug reaches the systemic circulation. Drug-metabolizing enzymes in the gut and liver are very susceptible to inhibition by other drugs, increasing the risk of drug interactions. In this paper, we will discuss absorption-related issues for solid dosage forms used in the management of stroke patients.
Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
Daniela J
DJ
Conrado
Daniel
D
Gonzalez
Hartmut
H
Derendorf
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D004176:Dipyridamole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014859:Warfarin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014859:Warfarin; D004176:Dipyridamole; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D013988:Ticlopidine