Safety and efficacy of azacitidine in myelodysplastic syndromes.
OBJECTIVE
The clinical efficacy, different dosages, treatment schedules, and safety of azacitidine are reviewed.


CONCLUSIONS
Azacitidine is the first drug FDA-approved for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes that has demonstrated improvements in overall survival and delaying time to progression to acute myelogenous leukemia. The recommended dosage of azacitidine is 75 mg/m(2) daily for 7 days, with different treatment schedules validated. It appears to be well tolerated, with the most common adverse effects being myelosuppression. Several other off-label recommendations were also analyzed.


CONCLUSIONS
Azacitidine is the first DNA hypomethylating agent approved by FDA for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndromes with demonstrated efficacy.
Vigil
Carlos E
CE
Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. cvigilgonzales@gmail.com
Martin-Santos
Taida
T
Garcia-Manero
Guillermo
G
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000517:prevention & control; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013534:Survival
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D001374:Azacitidine