Oral health status of psychiatric in-patients in Serbia and implications for their dental care.
OBJECTIVE
To determine oral health status and identify predictors of oral health in a representative sample of psychiatric in-patients in Serbia.


METHODS
The study included 186 psychiatric in-patients and 186 control participants without psychiatric illness matched to the study group by age, sex, marital status, education level, employment, and monthly income. Dental examinations were done in both groups to measure the following indices of oral health: decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index; community periodontal index; and plaque index. Participants were also interviewed about their dental health behavior and their medical records were examined.


RESULTS
Psychiatric in-patients had higher caries prevalence, poorer periodontal health, and poorer oral hygiene than controls. The average DMFT score in the patient group was 24.4 and 16.1 in the control group (P<0.001). Periodontal diseases were significantly more prevalent among psychiatric in-patients than among controls (P<0.001). The average plaque index for patients was 2.78 and 1.40 for controls (P<0.001). Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that 1) DMFT index was associated with age, male sex, duration of mental illness, use of antidepressants, time since the last visit to the dentist, and snacking frequency; 2) community periodontal index was associated with male sex; and 3) plaque index was associated with age, male sex, education level, employment, monthly income, tooth brushing technique, and snacking frequency.


CONCLUSIONS
Psychiatric in-patients in Serbia have poorer oral health than healthy controls. It is necessary to intensify preventive dental care in this vulnerable population.
Department of Public Health, School of Dentistry, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 1, 11 000 Belgrade, Serbia. svetlanajr@ptt.rs
Svetlana
S
Jovanovic
Srdan D
SD
Milovanovic
Ivanka
I
Gajic
Jelena
J
Mandic
Milan
M
Latas
Ljiljana
L
Jankovic
D000328:Adult; D003729:Dental Care; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009909:Oral Health; D055771:Serbia; D055815:Young Adult