Biocompatibility of adhesive complex coacervates modeled after the sandcastle glue of Phragmatopoma californica for craniofacial reconstruction.
Craniofacial reconstruction would benefit from a degradable adhesive capable of holding bone fragments in three-dimensional alignment and gradually being replaced by new bone without loss of alignment or volume changes. Modeled after a natural adhesive secreted by the sandcastle worm, we studied the biocompatibility of adhesive complex coacervates in vitro and in vivo with two different rat calvarial models. We found that the adhesive was non-cytotoxic and supported the attachment, spreading, and migration of a commonly used osteoblastic cell line over the course of several days. In animal studies we found that the adhesive was capable of maintaining three-dimensional bone alignment in freely moving rats over a 12 week indwelling period. Histological evidence indicated that the adhesive was gradually resorbed and replaced by new bone that became lamellar across the defect without loss of alignment, changes in volume, or changes in the adjacent uninjured bone. The presence of inflammatory cells was consistent with what has been reported with other craniofacial fixation methods including metal plates, screws, tacks, calcium phosphate cements and cyanoacrylate adhesives. Collectively, the results suggest that the new bioadhesive formulation is degradable, osteoconductive and appears suitable for use in the reconstruction of craniofacial fractures.
The Keck Center for Tissue Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, University of Utah, 20 S 2030 E Building, 570 BPRB, Room 108D, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Brent D
BD
Winslow
Hui
H
Shao
Russell J
RJ
Stewart
Patrick A
PA
Tresco
D000269:Adhesives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002460:Cell Line; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D011077:Polychaeta / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
D000269:Adhesives; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule