Creatine supplementation does not impair kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, clinical trial.
Creatine supplementation may have a therapeutic role in diabetes, but it is uncertain whether this supplement is safe for kidney function. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of creatine supplementation on kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was performed. The patients were randomly allocated to receive either creatine or placebo for 12 weeks. All the patients underwent exercise training throughout the trial. Subjects were assessed at baseline and after the intervention. Blood samples and 24-h urine samples were obtained for kidney function assessments. Additionally, (51)Cr-EDTA clearance was performed. To ensure the compliance with creatine intake, we also assessed muscle phosphorylcreatine content. The creatine group presented higher muscle phosphorylcreatine content when compared to placebo group (CR Pre 44 ± 10, Post 70 ± 18 mmol/kg/wt; PL Pre 52 ± 13, Post 46 ± 13 mmol/kg/wt; p = 0.03; estimated difference between means 23.6; 95% confidence interval 1.42-45.8). No significant differences were observed for (51)Cr-EDTA clearance (CR Pre 90.4 ± 16.9, Post 96.1 ± 15.0 mL/min/1.73 m(2); PL Pre 97.9 ± 21.6, Post 96.4 ± 26.8 mL/min/1.73 m(2); p = 0.58; estimated difference between means -0.3; 95% confidence interval -24.9 to 24.2). Creatinine clearance, serum and urinary urea, electrolytes, proteinuria, and albuminuria were unchanged. CR supplementation does not affect kidney function in type 2 diabetic patients, opening a window of opportunities to explore its promising therapeutic role in this population. ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT00992043.
Laboratory of Applied Nutrition and Metabolism, School of Physical Education and Sports, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. gualano@usp.br
Bruno
B
Gualano
Vitor
V
de Salles Painelli
Hamilton
H
Roschel
Rebeca
R
Lugaresi
Egidio
E
Dorea
Guilherme Giannini
GG
Artioli
Fernanda Rodrigues
FR
Lima
Maria Elizabeth Rossi
ME
da Silva
Maria Rosária
MR
Cunha
Antonio Carlos
AC
Seguro
Maria Heloisa
MH
Shimizu
Maria Concepción García
MC
Otaduy
Marcelo Tatit
MT
Sapienza
Cláudia
C
da Costa Leite
Eloisa
E
Bonfá
Antonio Herbert
AH
Lancha Junior
D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D003401:Creatine