Cellular and vaccine therapeutic approaches for gliomas.
Despite new additions to the standard of care therapy for high grade primary malignant brain tumors, the prognosis for patients with this disease is still poor. A small contingent of clinical researchers are focusing their efforts on testing the safety, feasibility and efficacy of experimental active and passive immunotherapy approaches for gliomas and are primarily conducting Phase I and II clinical trials. Few trials have advanced to the Phase III arena. Here we provide an overview of the cellular therapies and vaccine trials currently open for patient accrual obtained from a search of http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. The search was refined with terms that would identify the Phase I, II and III immunotherapy trials open for adult glioma patient accrual in the United States. From the list, those that are currently open for patient accrual are discussed in this review. A variety of adoptive immunotherapy trials using ex vivo activated effector cell preparations, cell-based and non-cell-based vaccines, and several combination passive and active immunotherapy approaches are discussed.
Hickey
Michelle J
MJ
The Joan S, Holmes Memorial Biotherapeutics Research Laboratory, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
Malone
Colin C
CC
Erickson
Kate L
KL
Jadus
Martin R
MR
Prins
Robert M
RM
Liau
Linda M
LM
Kruse
Carol A
CA
D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005910:Glioma / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans
D019496:Cancer Vaccines