Early- and advanced non-enzymatic glycation in diabetic vascular complications: the search for therapeutics.
Cardiovascular disease is a common complication of diabetes and the leading cause of death among people with diabetes. Because of the huge premature morbidity and mortality associated with diabetes, prevention of vascular complications is a key issue. Although the exact mechanism by which vascular damage occurs in diabetes in not fully understood, numerous studies support the hypothesis of a causal relationship of non-enzymatic glycation with vascular complications. In this review, data which point to an important role of Amadori-modified glycated proteins and advanced glycation endproducts in vascular disease are surveyed. Because of the potential role of early- and advanced non-enzymatic glycation in vascular complications, we also described recent developments of pharmacological inhibitors that inhibit the formation of these glycated products or the biological consequences of glycation and thereby retard the development of vascular complications in diabetes.
Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Maastricht, P. Debyelaan 25, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands. C.Schalkwijk@INTMED.unimaas.nl
Casper G
CG
Schalkwijk
Toshio
T
Miyata
D000818:Animals; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D011506:Proteins