Lipopolysaccharide stress induces cell-type specific production of murine leukemia virus type-endogenous retroviral virions in primary lymphoid cells.
Some murine-endogenous retroviruses, making up ∼10 % of the mouse genome, are induced during the course of experimental sepsis in which lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogenic component of gram-negative bacteria, often plays a critical role. In this study, we investigated whether LPS stress induces the production of murine leukemia virus type-endogenous retrovirus (MuLV-ERV) virions in primary lymphoid cells. LPS treatment of cells (single-cell suspensions and sorted B- and T-cells) isolated from seven lymphoid organs of C57BL/6J mice resulted in a differential increase in the production of MuLV-ERV virions in most cells examined. Interestingly, among the 34 unique MuLV-ERV U3 sequences cloned from the viral genomic RNAs, the nuclear respiratory factor 1 (transcription factor) element was present only in the 20 U3 sequences that were derived from the LPS-induced MuLV-ERV U3 bands. Using the U3 sequences as a probe, 55 putative MuLV-ERV loci were mapped onto the C57BL/6J mouse genome and 15 of them retained full coding potential. Furthermore, one full-length recombinant MuLV-ERV originating from a locus on chromosome 13 was determined to be responsive to LPS stress. The findings from this study suggest that LPS stress differentially activates MuLV-ERV virion production in lymphoid organs in a cell type- and MuLV-ERV-specific manner. Further investigation is needed to define the role of MuLV-ERVs in the LPS signalling pathway(s) in general, as well as in the pathogenesis of sepsis.
Burn Research, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California and Department of Surgery, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
Deug-Nam
DN
Kwon
Young-Kwan
YK
Lee
David G
DG
Greenhalgh
Kiho
K
Cho
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000502:physiology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012367:RNA, Viral