Laryngeal cancer and passive smoking: the neglected factor?
In the present paper we investigate the relationship of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure to laryngeal cancer. 209 patients who were diagnosed with laryngeal cancer from 2000 to 2009 at the University Hospital of Patras, Western Greece, were reviewed with regard to patient age, disease stage at presentation, tumor differentiation, tobacco product use, alcohol consumption, occupation, and ETS exposure in the working environment. Pearson Chi-square method was used to determine the effect of ETS exposure on cancer stage, TNM classification and tumor differentiation in the dichotomized population (exposed vs. not exposed) and in groups of low, medium and high ETS exposure. ETS exposure in the working environment was found to significantly affect overall disease stage and T stage (p < 0.01) both in the dichotomic analysis and the group analysis. Minor significance was also noted for N stage (p = 0.047) in the exposure group analysis. Our data suggest that occupational ETS exposure presents a contributing risk factor for laryngeal cancer that requires further research to determine its significance.
ENT Department, University Hospital of Patras, Patras, Greece. 6976154469@mycosmos.gr
Antonios
A
Mallis
Eleni
E
Jelastopulu
Nicholas S
NS
Mastronikolis
Stefanos S
SS
Naxakis
Christos
C
Kourousis
Theodoros A
TA
Papadas
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution