A novel model of severe gallstone pancreatitis: murine pancreatic duct ligation results in systemic inflammation and substantial mortality.
BACKGROUND
Suitable experimental models of gallstone pancreatitis with systemic inflammation and mortality are limited. We developed a novel murine model of duct-ligation-induced acute pancreatitis associated with multiorgan dysfunction and severe mortality.


METHODS
Laparotomy was done on C57/BL6 mice followed by pancreatic duct (PD) ligation, bile duct (BD) ligation without PD ligation, or sham operation.


RESULTS
Only mice with PD ligation developed acute pancreatitis and had 100% mortality. Pulmonary compliance was significantly reduced after PD ligation but not BD ligation. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid neutrophil count and interleukin-1β concentration, and the plasma creatinine level, were significantly elevated with PD ligation but not BD ligation. Pancreatic nuclear factor κB (p65) and activator protein 1 (c-Jun) were activated within 1 h of PD ligation.


CONCLUSIONS
PD-ligation-induced acute pancreatitis in mice is associated with systemic inflammation, acute lung injury, multiorgan dysfunction and death. The development of this novel model is an exciting and notable advance in the field.
Surgical Services, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA. Isaac-Samuel@uiowa.edu
Isaac
I
Samuel
Zuobiao
Z
Yuan
David K
DK
Meyerholz
Erik
E
Twait
Deborah E
DE
Williard
Duraisamy
D
Kempuraj
D000818:Animals; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000601:surgery; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D008026:Ligation; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000601:surgery; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology