Gastrointestinal transit, post-prandial lipaemia and satiety following 3 days high-fat diet in men.
OBJECTIVE
High-fat (HF) diets of 2 weeks have been shown to accelerate gastric emptying (GE). To date, no studies have shown any alteration in GE following shorter HF diets. The aim of this study was to assess if an HF, high-energy diet of 3 days can adapt gastrointestinal (GI) transit, blood lipids and satiety.


METHODS
Eleven male volunteers participated in a study consisting of three, 3-day interventions each separated by a test day. During the first intervention, volunteers recorded their diet. In the second and third interventions, volunteers repeated their food diary plus either a low-fat yogurt or HF yogurt supplement in randomized order. Test days involved measurement of GE using the (13)C octanoic-acid breath-test, mouth-to-caecum transit time (MCTT) using the inulin H(2) breath test and satiety using visual analogue scales. Blood samples for measurement of lipaemia were taken using a venous cannula.


RESULTS
MCTT was different between the three test days (P=0.038), with the shortest MCTT following the HF intervention. GE was shortest following the HF intervention. There were no differences in satiety between the interventions. The HF intervention reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.


CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that changes in GI transit owing to an HF diet can occur in a time period as short as 3 days.
Faculty of Education and Health Sciences, University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland, UK.
M E
ME
Clegg
P
P
McKenna
C
C
McClean
G W
GW
Davison
T
T
Trinick
E
E
Duly
A
A
Shafat
D001944:Breath Tests; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000502:physiology; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012527:Satiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055815:Young Adult
D004041:Dietary Fats