Effect of t'ai chi exercise on biochemical profiles and oxidative stress indicators in obese patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to validate the effects of a simplified, gentle form of t'ai chi chuan in patients with type 2 diabetes and who are also obese.


METHODS
The study was designed to be a randomized controlled trial.


METHODS
This study was conducted in the department of metabolism and endocrinology at Cheng Ching Hospital, in Taichung, Taiwan.


METHODS
The study subjects were hospital-based patients with type 2 diabetes and who were also obese (ages 40-70, with a body-mass index [BMI] range of 30-35). The patients were randomly selected and grouped into t'ai chi exercise (TCE) and conventional exercise (CE) groups.


METHODS
After receiving instruction in t'ai chi, the TCE group and the CE group practiced three times per week, including one practice session lasting up to 1 hour, for 12 weeks.


METHODS
Hemoglobin A1C, serum lipid profile, serum malondialdehyde, and C-reactive protein were measured. Physical parameters of body weight and BMI were also measured. Diet and medications of participants were monitored carefully while biochemical and physical conditions were analyzed.


RESULTS
After 12 weeks, hemoglobin A1C values of the TCE group did not decrease (8.9 ± 2.7% : 8.3 ± 2.2%; p = 0.064). BMI (33.5 ± 4.8 : 31.3 ± 4.2; p = 0.038) and serum lipids, including triglyceride (214 ± 47 mg/dL : 171 ± 34 mg/dL; p = 0.012) and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (38 ± 16 mg/dL : 45 ± 18 mg/dL; p = 0.023) had significant improvements. Serum malondialdehyde tended to decrease from baseline (2.66 ± 0.78 μmol/L : 2.31 ± 0.55 μmol/L; p = 0.035), and C-reactive protein also decreased (0.39 ± 0.19 mg/dL : 0.22 ± 0.15 mg/dL; p = 0.014). No improvements occurred in BMI, lipids, and oxidative stress profiles in the CE group.


CONCLUSIONS
T'ai chi exercise practiced by patients who are obese and have type 2 diabetes is efficient and safe when supervised by professionals and helps improve parameters, such as BMI, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, and malondialdehyde. Periodic monitoring of blood glucose, blood pressure, heart rate, breathing, physical fitness, and symptoms of discomfort of patients who exercise helps prevent injury. Simple, gentle TCE can be applied as regular daily exercise for patients with type 2 diabetes even when such patients are obese.
Chen
Shih-Chueh
SC
Graduate Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Section 1 Jianguo N. Road, Taichung, Taiwan.
Ueng
Kwo-Chang
KC
Lee
Shu-Hsin
SH
Sun
Kuo-Ting
KT
Lee
Meng-Chih
MC
D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D026302:Tai Ji
D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids; D008315:Malondialdehyde