Absolute spike frequency and etiology predict the surgical outcome in epilepsy due to amygdala lesions.
OBJECTIVE
To identify surgical prognostic factors for temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) due to amygdala lesions.


METHODS
We included 42 patients (mean age: 31.4 ± 11) who underwent presurgical evaluation including long-term video-EEG and in whom the high-resolution MRI showed amygdala lesions without hippocampal abnormalities. All patients had apical temporal lobe resection without hippocampectomy. We distinguished patients with frequent spikes (spike frequency ≥ 60/h) and with non-frequent spikes (< 60 spikes/h).


RESULTS
At the 2-year postoperative evaluation, 30 patients (71%) were seizure-free. The presence of infrequent spikes (p = 0.013), tumor on the MRI (p = 0.027), and no epilepsy history in the family (p = 0.027) were independently associated with 2-year seizure-free outcome. Of 33 patients with infrequent spikes, 79% became seizure-free, while of 9 patients with frequent spikes only 4 had a favorable surgical outcome (44%).


CONCLUSIONS
In TLE patients due to amygdala lesions, high spike frequency and family history of epilepsy predicted an unfavorable, while tumoral etiology a favorable outcome after apical temporal lobe resection without hippocampectomy. Seventy-one percent of patients with amygdalar epilepsy who underwent this novel type of epilepsy surgery became seizure-free. This is comparable with results of "classical" anterior temporal lobe resections where hippocampus is NOT spared. Moreover, the surgical outcome may be predictable.
Gyimesi
Csilla
C
Bethel Epilepsy Center, Klinik Mara, Maraweg 21, 33617 Bielefeld, Germany.
Pannek
Heinz
H
Woermann
Friedrich G
FG
Elsharkawy
Alaa Eldin
AE
Tomka-Hoffmeister
Maria
M
Hortsmann
Simone
S
Aengenendt
Jörg
J
Horvath
Reka A
RA
Schulz
Reinhard
R
Hoppe
Matthias
M
Janszky
Jozsef
J
Ebner
Alois
A
D000200:Action Potentials; D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014741:Video Recording; D055815:Young Adult