[Initial and extension applications for psychodynamic therapy according to the German Guidelines for Psychotherapy].
OBJECTIVE
According to the German Guidelines for Psychotherapy, psychotherapists need the consent of the respective insurance company to commence outpatient therapy. They have two options: (1) To begin a so-called short-term therapy (KZT) for up to 25 sessions--a quick and easy procedure requiring few formal expenses. Afterwards the therapist must provide the reasons for extending the therapy in a formal expert assessment request (extension request). (2) It is also possible to obtain the consent of the insurance company at the beginning of therapy (initial request) for up to 50 sessions (psychodynamic long-term therapy) or even for up to 160 sessions (analytical psychotherapy), both of which require the same expert assessment to be filled out beforehand (LZT). This study examines the initial and extension requests submitted for evaluation for psychodynamic therapies according to the German Guidelines for Psychotherapy. The question is posed as to what influences are important in the selection of therapists for these two types of request.


METHODS
In the context of the MARS study, we evaluated a total of 362 randomly chosen requests submitted between May 2007 and June 2008, 128 of which were initial requests and 234 of which were requests for an extension. The evaluation of the reports proceeded on the basis of a previously developed documentation system with various modules comprising information on the sociodemographics and morbidity of the patients as well as information on the therapists themselves. Further modules are assessed in this review.


RESULTS
There were many more requests for an extension submitted than initial requests. Initial requests were preferably made when planning analytical psychotherapy. Patients for whom initial requests were submitted were also distinctly younger. The morbidity of the patients had no noticeable influence on the choice of procedure. In particular, diagnoses that could require crisis intervention were not more common in the requests for an extension than in the initial requests. Variables among the therapists had no influence on the form of procedure. These results were confirmed by a multivariate statistical analysis.


CONCLUSIONS
The inconsistencies found in the reported and encoded morbidity of the patients confirm earlier results. Basic conditions, like the guidelines themselves or the payment of trial treatment, seem to determine therapists' behaviour. We also discuss whether or not the advantages of the current procedures to both the patient and the therapist outweigh the possible disadvantages..
Lieberz
Klaus
K
Psychosomatische Klinik des Zentralinistituts für Seelische Gesundheit und Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg, Kompetenzzentrum für Psychosomatische Medizin. info@praxis-prof-lieberz.de
Krumm
Bertram
B
Adamek
Lucie
L
Mühlig
Stephan
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005104:Expert Testimony / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D019458:Insurance Coverage / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D008134:Long-Term Care / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D055815:Young Adult