Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the american heart association/american stroke association.
The aim of this updated statement is to provide comprehensive and timely evidence-based recommendations on the prevention of ischemic stroke among survivors of ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack. Evidence-based recommendations are included for the control of risk factors, interventional approaches for atherosclerotic disease, antithrombotic treatments for cardioembolism, and the use of antiplatelet agents for noncardioembolic stroke. Further recommendations are provided for the prevention of recurrent stroke in a variety of other specific circumstances, including arterial dissections; patent foramen ovale; hyperhomocysteinemia; hypercoagulable states; sickle cell disease; cerebral venous sinus thrombosis; stroke among women, particularly with regard to pregnancy and the use of postmenopausal hormones; the use of anticoagulation after cerebral hemorrhage; and special approaches to the implementation of guidelines and their use in high-risk populations.
Furie
Karen L
KL
Kasner
Scott E
SE
Adams
Robert J
RJ
Albers
Gregory W
GW
Bush
Ruth L
RL
Fagan
Susan C
SC
Halperin
Jonathan L
JL
Johnston
S Claiborne
SC
Katzan
Irene
I
Kernan
Walter N
WN
Mitchell
Pamela H
PH
Ovbiagele
Bruce
B
Palesch
Yuko Y
YY
Sacco
Ralph L
RL
Schwamm
Lee H
LH
Wassertheil-Smoller
Sylvia
S
Turan
Tanya N
TN
Wentworth
Deidre
D
D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D004617:Embolism / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D054092:Foramen Ovale, Patent / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000628:therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy
D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors