Does psychological distress increase the risk for motor vehicle crashes in young people? findings from the DRIVE study.
OBJECTIVE
Earlier research demonstrates increased and decreased risk of crash related to psychological distress; however, previous literature has almost entirely used retrospective study designs and has not been able to adequately control for important confounders such as exposure to driving, alcohol and drug use, or having had a previous crash. This study aimed to assess the relationship between psychological distress and risk of motor vehicle crashes.


METHODS
The DRIVE study is a prospective cohort study of 20,822 novice drivers aged 17-24 years in Australia. Information on risk factors for motor vehicle crash was collected through online questionnaire and subsequently linked to police-reported crashes. Poisson regression was used to analyze risk of various crash types by low, moderate, high, and very high levels of psychological distress, taking into account other known risk factors for crash.


RESULTS
Compared to the referent group with low or no distress, a protective effect against crash was observed for young people who reported a moderate amount of psychological distress in unadjusted (RR = .87; 95% CI = .76-1.00) and multivariable analyses (RR = .85; 95% CI = .74-.97). Severe psychological distress was not significantly associated with an increase or decrease in the risk of crash. Psychological distress was not significantly associated with an increased risk of single vehicle crash.


CONCLUSIONS
Earlier studies may have overestimated risk for motor vehicle crashes associated with psychological distress. This study found little convincing evidence to support a strong risk relationship for higher levels of distress and indeed found a modest protective association for low levels of distress.
Martiniuk
Alexandra L C
AL
The George Institute for International Health, Sydney, Australia. amartiniuk@george.org.au
Ivers
Rebecca Q
RQ
Glozier
Nick
N
Patton
George C
GC
Senserrick
Teresa
T
Boufous
Soufiane
S
Lam
Lawrence T
LT
Williamson
Ann
A
Stevenson
Mark
M
Woodward
Mark
M
Norton
Robyn
R
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology* / Q000639:trends; D000293:Adolescent; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D055815:Young Adult