Inhibition of melanogenesis and oxidation by protocatechuic acid from Origanum vulgare (oregano).
Antioxidant and antimelanogenesis activities of protocatechuic acid (1) from Origanum vulgare (oregano) were investigated. The antioxidative capacity of 1 was confirmed from its free-radical-scavenging activities, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, and suppression of reactive oxygen species in H(2)O(2)-induced BNLCL2 cells. The inhibition by 1 of tyrosinase and DOPA oxidase activity and melanin production was possibly related to the down-regulation of melanocortin-1 receptor, microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related proteins-2, and tyrosinase-related proteins-1 expression in α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone-induced B16 cells. After a gel containing 1 was applied to mice, the values of L* slightly increased, and a* and erythema-melanin levels of skin were reduced by comparing the values of untreated control groups, indicating 1 can reduce melanin production. These results suggest that 1 may act as an effective quencher of oxidative attackers with antimelanogenesis properties.
Department of Cosmetic Science and Institute of Cosmetic Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan 717, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Tzung-Han
TH
Chou
Hsiou-Yu
HY
Ding
Rong-Jyh
RJ
Lin
Jing-Yao
JY
Liang
Chia-Hua
CH
Liang
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052160:Benzothiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism; D008544:Melanocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D031341:Origanum / Q000737:chemistry*; D010851:Picrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D000521:alpha-MSH / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D008543:Melanins; D010851:Picrates; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C002502:2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid; C009091:protocatechuic acid; D000521:alpha-MSH; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase