Effect of menopause on lumbar disk degeneration: potential etiology.
Lumbar spine disk degeneration is a common musculoskeletal condition, the prevalence of which increases with age (1-3). Disk degeneration can progress to disk herniation, spinal canal stenosis, and, in conjunction with facet joint arthrosis, degenerative spondylolisthesis. It remains not fully understood what factors initiate and influence the progression of disk degeneration. Nevertheless, there is general agreement that spinal mechanical stress accelerates the development of disk degeneration and increases the likelihood of disk herniation (4-6). Increasing evidence suggests that sex hormones also influence the severity of disk degeneration.
Wang
Yi-Xiang J
YX
Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. yixiang_wang@cuhk.edu.hk
Griffith
James F
JF
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D004967:Estrogens / Q000172:deficiency*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055959:Intervertebral Disc Degeneration / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged
D004967:Estrogens