Comparison of a wheat-based diet supplemented with purified {beta}-glucans, with an oat-based diet on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen utilization, distal gastrointestinal tract composition, and manure odor and ammonia emissions from finishing pigs.
It was hypothesized that supplementation of an oat-extracted mixed-linkage (1 → 3), (1 → 4)-β-d-glucan (β-glucans) to a wheat-based diet may beneficially mitigate manure odor and ammonia emissions associated with intensive pig production, without depressing nutrient digestibility as has been observed with oat-based diets. An experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary β-glucan source and the inclusion of an enzyme composite containing β-glucanase on energy and nutrient digestibility, N utilization, distal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) fermentation, and manure emissions from finisher boars. Twenty-eight boars (BW = 74.2 ± 3.6 kg) were assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments (n = 7/treatment): 1) an oat-based diet (oat), 2) an oat diet + enzyme composite (OE), 3) a wheat-based diet + purified β-glucans (WG), and 4) a wheat-based diet + purified β-glucans + enzyme composite. The wheat-based diets containing purified β-glucans were formulated to contain concentrations of total β-glucans comparable with the oat-based diet. Consumption of the WG diet resulted in a greater digestibility of GE (P = 0.001) and an increase in the urine:feces N excretion ratio (P = 0.049) compared with the oat diet. In the distal GIT, pigs offered the WG diet contained fewer bifidobacteria (P = 0.027) and lactobacilli (P = 0.050) compared with the oat diet. Pigs offered the WG diet had increased manure odor emissions compared with the oat diet (P = 0.023). In conclusion, although supplementing wheat-based diets with extracted oat-β-glucan did not reduce nutrient digestibility, there was a negligible effect in beneficially influencing manure emissions from pigs when compared with a conventional oat formulation.
O'Shea
C J
CJ
School of Agriculture, Food Science and Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Ireland.
Lynch
M B
MB
Sweeney
T
T
Gahan
D A
DA
Callan
J J
JJ
O'Doherty
J V
JV
D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D009812:Odorants / Q000517:prevention & control; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D014908:Triticum; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D047071:beta-Glucans; C067858:beta-glucan, (1-3)(1-4)-; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen