Chronic optical access through a polished and reinforced thinned skull.
We present a method to form an optical window in the mouse skull that spans millimeters and is stable for months without causing brain inflammation. This enabled us to repeatedly image blood flow in cortical capillaries of awake mice and determine long-range correlations in speed. We also repeatedly imaged dendritic spines, microglia and angioarchitecture, as well as used illumination to drive motor output via optogenetics and induce microstrokes via photosensitizers.
Drew
Patrick J
PJ
Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
Shih
Andy Y
AY
Driscoll
Jonathan D
JD
Knutsen
Per Magne
PM
Blinder
Pablo
P
Davalos
Dimitrios
D
Akassoglou
Katerina
K
Tsai
Philbert S
PS
Kleinfeld
David
D
D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001843:Bone Cements; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D054022:Cerebrum / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D008322:Mammals; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery; D014851:Wakefulness
D001843:Bone Cements