Current medical treatments of dyspepsia and irritable bowel syndrome.
Dyspepsia is a highly prevalent condition characterized by symptoms originating in the gastroduodenal region without underlying organic disorder. Treatment modalities include acid-suppressive drugs, gastroprokinetic drugs, Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy, tricyclic antidepressants, and psychological therapies. Irritable bowel syndrome is a multifactorial, lower functional gastrointestinal disorder involving disturbances of the brain-gut axis. The pathophysiology provides the basis for pharmacotherapy: abnormal gastrointestinal motor functions, visceral hypersensitivity, psychosocial factors, intraluminal changes, and mucosal immune activation. Medications targeting chronic constipation or diarrhea may also relieve irritable bowel syndrome. Novel approaches to treatment require approval, and promising agents are guanylate cyclase cagonists, atypical benzodiazepines, antibiotics, immune modulators, and probiotics.
Camilleri
Michael
M
Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Charlton 8-110, 200 First Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. camilleri.michael@mayo.edu
Tack
Jan F
JF
D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054368:Laxatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
D000700:Analgesics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000930:Antidiarrheals; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D054368:Laxatives; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs