Efficacy and safety of entecavir and/or tenofovir for prophylaxis and treatment of hepatitis B recurrence post-liver transplant.
OBJECTIVE
To establish the efficacy and safety of entecavir (ETV) and/or tenofovir (TDF) in the treatment and prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence after liver transplantation.


METHODS
Eight patients (four men) received treatment with ETV and/or TDF after liver transplantation as prophylaxis for HBV recurrence or as posttransplant treatment of HBV. Four liver transplants were in patients with HBV-associated cirrhosis who had received prior nucleos(t)ide analogue treatment until HBV DNA became undetectable. After transplantation, two of these four were treated with ETV + TDF and the other two with just TDF. All received intramuscular hepatitis B immunoglobulins. The reasons for the other four liver transplants were primary biliary cirrhosis in two cases, alcoholic cirrhosis, and hepatitis C virus. Two of the patients were donor anti-HBcAb-positive/recipient anti-HBcAb-negative. They received no anti-HBV prophylaxis so they had a recurrence of HBV. These four patients required treatment with ETV+TDF for the HBV DNA to become negative.


RESULTS
The mean age was 60 (39-67) years. The mean follow-up was 9.5 (3-20) months. The mean follow-up of the patients who received prophylaxis was 8.2 (3-19) months. These had no HBV recurrence. The mean follow-up of the patients who received treatment for HBV recurrence was 12 (3-19) months. ETV combined with TDF was necessary for the HBV DNA to become undetectable because this was not possible using different nucleos(t)ide analogues. There were no significant adverse effects from these drugs and no alteration of renal function during the follow-up period.


CONCLUSIONS
Therapy with ETV and/or TDF seems to be efficient and safe when used in the prophylaxis and treatment of HBV recurrence after liver transplantation. They are well tolerated and seem to have no interactions with immunosuppressive medication.
Jiménez-Pérez
M
M
Unidad de Hepatología-Trasplante Hepático, Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Carlos Haya, Málaga, Spain. mjimenezp@commalaga.com
Sáez-Gómez
A B
AB
Mongil Poce
L
L
Lozano-Rey
J M
JM
de la Cruz-Lombardo
J
J
Rodrigo-López
J M
JM
D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D000068698:Tenofovir
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; C413685:entecavir; D006147:Guanine; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000225:Adenine