Antiparkinsonian effects of aqueous methanolic extract of Hyoscyamus niger seeds result from its monoamine oxidase inhibitory and hydroxyl radical scavenging potency.
Hyoscyamus species is one of the four plants used in Ayurveda for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD). Since Hyoscyamus niger was found to contain negligible levels of L-DOPA, we evaluated neuroprotective potential, if any, of characterized petroleum ether and aqueous methanol extracts of its seeds in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) model of PD in mice. Air dried authenticated H. niger seeds were sequentially extracted using petroleum ether and aqueous methanol and were characterized employing HPLC-electrochemistry and LCMS. Parkinsonian mice were treated daily twice with the extracts (125-500 mg/kg, p.o.) for two days and motor functions and striatal dopamine levels were assayed. Administration of the aqueous methanol extract (containing 0.03% w/w of L-DOPA), but not petroleum ether extract, significantly attenuated motor disabilities (akinesia, catalepsy and reduced swim score) and striatal dopamine loss in MPTP treated mice. Since the extract caused significant inhibition of monoamine oxidase activity and attenuated 1-methyl-4-phenyl pyridinium (MPP+)-induced hydroxyl radical (·OH) generation in isolated mitochondria, it is possible that the methanolic extract of Hyoscyamus niger seeds protects against parkinsonism in mice by means of its ability to inhibit increased ·OH generated in the mitochondria.
Division of Cell Biology & Physiology, Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Neuroscience, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR), 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India.
T
T
Sengupta
J
J
Vinayagam
N
N
Nagashayana
B
B
Gowda
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P
Jaisankar
K P
KP
Mohanakumar
D000818:Animals; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism*; D032304:Hyoscyamus / Q000737:chemistry*; D020267:MPTP Poisoning; D008297:Male; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D000432:Methanol / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; D000432:Methanol