Multiple functions of dopamine neurons.
Dopamine neurons carry phasic signals for a limited number of behavioural events. The events include, in descending order, reward, physically intense stimuli, risk and punishment. Recent neurophysiological studies have provided interesting details on these functions.
Schultz
Wolfram
W
Department of Physiology, Development, and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3DY UK.