In vitro and in vivo analysis of the ArcB/A redox signaling pathway.
The Arc (anoxic redox control) two-component system (TCS) is a complex signal transduction system that plays an important role in regulating energy metabolism at the level of transcription in bacteria. This system comprises the ArcB protein, a hybrid membrane-associated sensor kinase, and the ArcA protein, a typical response regulator. Under anoxic growth conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates and transphosphorylates ArcA via a His→Asp→His→Asp phosphorelay. Under aerobic conditions, the ArcB kinase activity is silenced by the oxidation of two cytosol-located redox-active cysteine residues that participate in intermolecular disulfide bond formation. Under such conditions, ArcB acts as a phosphatase that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of ArcA-P and thereby releasing its transcriptional regulation. This chapter describes general in vitro and in vivo assays and strategies that have been used to characterize the ArcB/A two-component signal transduction system, which could, also, be applied to most other TCS.
Alvarez
Adrián F
AF
Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México D.F., Mexico.
Georgellis
Dimitris
D
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C041610:arcA protein, E coli; D011494:Protein Kinases; C065271:arcB protein, E coli