Estrogen signaling via estrogen receptor {beta}.
Estrogens act by binding to and activating two estrogen receptors (ERs), ERα and ERβ. Transcriptional regulation by ERs is controlled by a complex array of factors such as ER-ligand binding, the DNA sequence bound by ERs, ER-interacting cofactors, and chromatin context. This minireview will provide an overview of the most recent advances in the identification of ERβ-regulated target gene networks and ERβ DNA-binding sites. We also highlight the recent work establishing new roles of ERβ signaling, including protective functions in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition and in atherosclerosis, as well as regulation of cell proliferation in the colon.
Zhao
Chunyan
C
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Novum, Karolinska Institutet, S-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden.
Dahlman-Wright
Karin
K
Gustafsson
Jan-Åke
JÅ
D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000502:physiology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D020218:Response Elements / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
C506487:ESR1 protein, human; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D008024:Ligands