Reducing undesirable hepatic clearance of a tumor-targeted vinca alkaloid via novel saccharopeptidic modifications.
During a phase I trial of EC145 (a folate-targeted vinca alkaloid conjugate), constipation was identified as the dose-limiting toxicity, probably from a nonfolate receptor-related liver clearance process capable of releasing unconjugated vinca alkaloid from EC145 and shuttling it to the bile. Here, we report on the selective placement of novel carbohydrate segments (1-amino-1-deoxy-glucitolyl-γ-glutamate) spaced in-between the folate and vinca alkaloid moieties of EC145, which yielded a new agent (EC0489) that is equipotent but less toxic than EC145. Whereas both compounds could cure tumor-bearing mice reproducibly, EC0489 differed from EC145 with i) a shorter elimination half-life, ii) approximately 70% decrease in bile clearance, iii) a 4-fold increase in urinary excretion, and iv) improved tolerability in rodents. This combination of improvements justified the clinical evaluation of EC0489 where currently administered dose levels have exceeded the maximal tolerated dose of EC145 by approximately 70%, thereby reflecting the translational benefits to this new approach.
Leamon
Christopher P
CP
Endocyte Inc, 3000 Kent Ave, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906, USA. chrisleamon@endocyte.com
Reddy
Joseph A
JA
Klein
Patrick J
PJ
Vlahov
Iontcho R
IR
Dorton
Ryan
R
Bloomfield
Alicia
A
Nelson
Melissa
M
Westrick
Elaine
E
Parker
Nikki
N
Bruna
Kristen
K
Vetzel
Marilynn
M
Gehrke
Mark
M
Nicoson
Jeffrey S
JS
Messmann
Richard A
RA
LoRusso
Patricia M
PM
Sausville
Edward A
EA
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D055808:Drug Discovery; D005260:Female; D058973:Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored / Q000502:physiology; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C556242:EC 0489; C520389:EC145; D058973:Folate Receptors, GPI-Anchored; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids; D005492:Folic Acid