title: Predicting survival of periviable fetuses using NICHD fetal heart rate categories.
abstract: To evaluate whether National Institute of Child Health and Human Health and Development (NICHD) fetal heart rate categories were predictive of neonatal survival in periviable pregnancies.
  
  
  
  We reviewed the charts of 57 infants delivered at 23 and 24 weeks' gestation. Fetal heart rate tracings were evaluated following the NICHD 2008 criteria, using the acceleration height of 10 bpm and duration of 10 s. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed using survival, fetal morbidities, and cord pH <7.1 as dependent variables. Independent variables included fetal heart rate category, mode of delivery, resuscitation, and histological chorioamnionitis. Outcomes of infants delivered at 23 and 24 weeks were also compared.
  
  
  
  In 23-week pregnancies, fetal heart rate category 2 was associated with improved short-term survival compared to category 3 (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.11-15.7). Cesarean delivery and histological chorioamnionitis were not predictive of survival [(OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.04-7.1, and OR 0.4, 95% CI 0.02-6.85), respectively]. Long-term survival for infants born at 23 and 24 weeks was 8% and 56%, respectively.
  
  
  
  The NICHD fetal heart rate category during labor may be associated with survival for infants born at 23 and 24 weeks of gestation. Cesarean delivery was not associated with improved survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lincoln Medical and Mental Health Center, New York City Hospital and Health Corporation, 224 East 149th Street, Bronx, NY 10451, USA. Theodore.hale@nychhc.org
authors.forename: Theodore Mark
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hale
authors.forename: Manonmani
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arul
authors.forename: Arul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veerappan
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Zoila
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Velastegui
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shiffman
authors.forename: Benamanahalli
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rajegowda
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skupski
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mercado
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D005328:Fetal Viability; D005865:Gestational Age; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D054582:National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (U.S.); D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D014481:United States