title: Repeat-element driven activation of proto-oncogenes in human malignancies.
abstract: Recent data demonstrated that the aberrant activity of endogenous repetitive elements of the DNA in humans can drive the expression of proto-oncogenes. This article summarizes these results and gives an outlook on the impact of these findings on the pathogenesis and therapy of human cancer.
authors.affiliation: Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamprecht
authors.forename: Constanze
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonifer
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mathas
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics*; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor