title: [The effects of glucose fluctuation on resistin].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effect of glucose fluctuation on resistin.
  
  
  METHODS
  The phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate(PMA)-activated and differentiated U937 cells were exposed to experimental condition for 3 days, three groups of cells were formed, each one receiving the following fresh medium every 6 hours, respectively: (1) continuous 11.1 mmol/L glucose concentration medium (Con group), (2) continuous 22.2 mmol/L glucose concentration medium (CHG group), (3) alternating 11.1 mmol/L glucose concentration and 22.2 mmol/L glucose concentration medium every 6 hours (IHG group). The supernatants of cell median at the last 6 hours were collected to test resistin concentration. Besides, 92 subjects were selected and classified into three groups according to the results of oral glucose tolerance test: normal glucose tolerance group (NGT group, n=30), impaired glucose tolerance patients (IGT group, n=31) and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM group, n=31). Blood glucose and serum resistin levels were measured at 0 h and 1 h during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to compare the glucose fluctuation (ΔGlu1-0) and the change of serum resistin level (ΔlnRes1-0) among the three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resistin concentration in the Con, CHG and IHG group was (73.62±5.07) ng/L, (97.78±7.00) ng/L and (212.49±28.81) ng/L respectively and in IHG group it was higher as compared with the other two groups (P<0.05). ΔGlu1-0 in NGT, IGT and T2DM group was (2.31±2.30) mmol/L, (5.70±2.08) mmol/L and (8.41±2.63) mmol/L respectively; ΔGlu1-0 increased gradually in all the three groups (P<0.05). Serum resistin level from 0 h to 1 h in the NGT group was 6.41 (1.52-15.76) µg/L to 6.96 (1.52-22.70) µg/L, in the IGT group 5.47 (1.49-24.09) µg/L to 9.12 (1.27-21.94) µg/L and in the T2DM group 5.77 (1.11-30.10) µg/L to 9.27(1.02-48.15) µg/L. In the IGT and T2DM group serum resistin level increased from 0 h to 1 h (P<0.05), but no difference was observed in the NGT group (P>0.05). ΔlnRes1-0 in these 3 groups was (0.05±0.05) µg/L, (0.25±0.04) µg/L and (0.37±0.03) µg/L respectively and the change in the T2DM group was significant as compared with that in the NGT group, ΔlnRes1-0 was positively correlated with ΔGlu1-0 (r=0.23, P=0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucose fluctuation induced monocyte/macrophage to secrete resistin, greater the glucose fluctuation, greater the change of amplitude of serum resistin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China. amiy36@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Fang-ping
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fu-rong
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Zhi-zhen
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yin-qiong
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jian-gong
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sheng-neng
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003470:Culture Media; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D018149:Glucose Intolerance; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052243:Resistin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003470:Culture Media; D052243:Resistin; D005947:Glucose