title: Review of pharmacotherapy options for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and ADHD-like symptoms in children and adolescents with developmental disorders.
abstract: Developmental disorders such as subaverage intelligence, pervasive developmental disorders, and genetic syndromes are frequently associated with comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or ADHD-like symptoms. While there are not pharmacological cures for these developmental disorders, coinciding ADHD and ADHD-like symptoms that contribute to difficulties in psychosocial functioning are frequently able to be addressed by pharmacotherapy. This article reviews what is known about the efficacy and tolerability of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of children and adolescents suffering from developmental disorders and comorbid ADHD/ADHD-like symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. brieana.rowles@uhhospitals.org
authors.forename: Brieana M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Rowles
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Findling
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003000:Clonidine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D011437:Propylamines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D011437:Propylamines; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D008774:Methylphenidate; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride; D003000:Clonidine