title: Gene discovery from Jatropha curcas by sequencing of ESTs from normalized and full-length enriched cDNA library from developing seeds.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Jatropha curcas L. is promoted as an important non-edible biodiesel crop worldwide. Jatropha oil, which is a triacylglycerol, can be directly blended with petro-diesel or transesterified with methanol and used as biodiesel. Genetic improvement in jatropha is needed to increase the seed yield, oil content, drought and pest resistance, and to modify oil composition so that it becomes a technically and economically preferred source for biodiesel production. However, genetic improvement efforts in jatropha could not take advantage of genetic engineering methods due to lack of cloned genes from this species. To overcome this hurdle, the current gene discovery project was initiated with an objective of isolating as many functional genes as possible from J. curcas by large scale sequencing of expressed sequence tags (ESTs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A normalized and full-length enriched cDNA library was constructed from developing seeds of J. curcas. The cDNA library contained about 1 × 10(6) clones and average insert size of the clones was 2.1 kb. Totally 12,084 ESTs were sequenced to average high quality read length of 576 bp. Contig analysis revealed 2258 contigs and 4751 singletons. Contig size ranged from 2-23 and there were 7333 ESTs in the contigs. This resulted in 7009 unigenes which were annotated by BLASTX. It showed 3982 unigenes with significant similarity to known genes and 2836 unigenes with significant similarity to genes of unknown, hypothetical and putative proteins. The remaining 191 unigenes which did not show similarity with any genes in the public database may encode for unique genes. Functional classification revealed unigenes related to broad range of cellular, molecular and biological functions. Among the 7009 unigenes, 6233 unigenes were identified to be potential full-length genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high quality normalized cDNA library was constructed from developing seeds of J. curcas for the first time and 7009 unigenes coding for diverse biological functions including oil biosynthesis were identified. These genes will serve as invaluable genetic resource for crop improvement in jatropha to make it an ideal and profitable crop for biodiesel production.
authors.affiliation: Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 603 203, India.
authors.forename: Purushothaman
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.forename: Deepa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kanagasabapathy
authors.forename: Gnanasekaran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gunadayalan
authors.forename: Jasintha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Panchalingam
authors.forename: Noopur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shree
authors.forename: Priyanka Annabel
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sugantham
authors.forename: Kavita Kumari
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Parani
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Madasamy
mesh_terms: D020451:Contig Mapping; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D015723:Gene Library; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D031286:Jatropha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D058977:Molecular Sequence Annotation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils