title: Sorption of hydrophobic pesticides on a Mediterranean soil affected by wastewater, dissolved organic matter and salts.
abstract: Irrigation with treated wastewaters as an alternative in countries with severe water shortage may influence the sorption of pesticides and their environmental effects, as wastewater contains higher concentrations of suspended and dissolved organic matter and inorganic compounds than freshwater. We have examined the sorption behaviour of three highly hydrophobic pesticides (the herbicide pendimethalin and the insecticides α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin) on a Mediterranean agricultural soil using the batch equilibration method. We considered wastewater, extracts from urban sewage sludge with different dissolved organic carbon contents, and inorganic salt solutions, using Milli Q water as a control. All pesticides were strongly retained by soil although some sorption occurred on the walls of the laboratory containers, especially when wastewater and inorganic salt solutions were used. The calculation of distribution constants by measuring pesticide concentrations in soil and solution indicated that pendimethalin sorption was not affected whereas α-cypermethrin and deltamethrin retention were significantly enhanced (ca. 5 and 2 times, respectively) when wastewater or salt solutions were employed. We therefore conclude that the increased sorption of the two pesticides caused by wastewater cannot be only the result of its dissolved organic carbon content, but also of the simultaneous presence of inorganic salts in the solution.
authors.affiliation: Dep. Geoquímica Ambiental, Instituto Andaluz de Ciencias de la Tierra (CSIC-UGR), 18008 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Liébana
authors.forename: Ma Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mingorance
authors.forename: Aránzazu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peña
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D019083:Mediterranean Region; D010575:Pesticides / Q000737:chemistry*; D012492:Salts; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D012492:Salts; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014873:Water Pollutants