title: The relation between blood pressure changes induced by passive leg raising and arterial stiffness.
abstract: Passive leg raising (PLR) elicits cardiorespiratory changes because of intra-thoracic blood pooling. We previously found PLR to lower blood pressure (BP) in healthy subjects. To determine the effects of cardiovascular (CV) risk factors on the PLR BP lowering response, we measured brachial artery, systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), and pulse pressure (PP) before and 1 minute after 60° PLR, in 125 subjects (58% males, age 48 ± 18 years) with/without CV risk factors/disease. Baseline carotid-radial pulse wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AI) were measured by applanation tonometry. Changes (∆) in SBP and BA PP ranged from +31 to -27 and +35 to -20 mm Hg and were normally distributed. Mean BP decreases upon PLR were ΔSBP -3 ± 9 (P < .001), and ΔPP -2 ± 8 mm Hg (P = .04). On univariate analyses, ΔSBP was correlated with age (r = 0.31, P < .001), PWV (r = 0.53, P < .001), AI (r = 0.25, P < .01), hypertension (r = 0.37, P < .001), hypercholesterolemia (r = 0.25, P < .01) and renal insufficiency (r = 0.19, P = .038). ΔPP was correlated with age (r = 0.31, P < .001), PWV (r = 0.45, P < .001), AI (r = 0.23, P = .01), hypertension (r = 0.22, P = .01), hypercholesterolemia (r = 0.27, P < .001). Multivariate analysis showed PWV the only independent predictor of ΔSBP (B = 3.2, r(2) = 0.40, P < .001) and of ΔPP (B = 2.6, r(2) = 0.36, P < .001). Therefore, changes in SBP and PP induced by PLR are independently and inversely related to carotid-radial PWV.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York 11203, USA.
authors.forename: Haroon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamran
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salciccioli
authors.forename: Paraag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pushilin
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Namana
authors.forename: Sherlene
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trotman
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lazar
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000502:physiology; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology