title: Elemental composition of Physarum compressum Alb. et Schw. sporocarps and their structures cultivated on rabbit dung and agar substrates.
abstract: The elemental composition of spores, peridium walls, and lime nodes of Physarum compressum sporocarps, cultivated on rabbit dung as a natural growing environment for the slime mold and on artificial agar medium, was compared to evaluate differences that may be dependent on substrates. Whole fruiting bodies and samples of both experimental media were extracted with nitric acid or Parr digest bomb, respectively, and analyzed by means of total X-ray reflection fluorescence (TXRF). Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) of spores, peridium walls, and lime nodes structure was carried out with the scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectrometer. Because of minute sizes and roughness of investigated structures, Monte Carlo simulations were utilized to establish analytical conditions of EPMA. Biological and geological standards were used in the quantification of element concentrations. According to TXRF, the fruiting bodies from agar medium revealed lower concentrations of K, Ca, Cr, Mn, and Fe in relation to fruiting bodies from the dung, reflecting elemental relationships in the experimental media. According to EPMA, the highest Ca concentration was found in the lime nodes followed by the peridium and the spores. Culturing of the slime molds on the rabbit dung indicated higher concentration of Ca in the lime nodes and peridium walls when compared with those obtained from the sporocarps grown on agar media. The opposite relation was found for the spores. The concentration of Na, Mg, P, S, and Cl was generally lower in all structures of the sporocarps harvested from the dung than from the agar medium. K was in higher concentration in analyzed structures from dung than from agar. Different element uptake (except for Ca and K) was revealed by the two methods: TXRF and EPMA.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janik
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tylko
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ostachowicz
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Turnau
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar / Q000378:metabolism*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis / Q000379:methods*; D004602:Elements; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D056229:Fungal Structures / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D010804:Physarum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004602:Elements; D000362:Agar