title: Lymphocyte development requires S-nitrosoglutathione reductase.
abstract: NO is critical to immunity, but its role in the development of the immune system is unknown. In this study, we show that S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), a protein key to the control of protein S-nitrosylation, is important for the development of lymphocytes. Genetic deletion of GSNOR in mice results in significant decrease in both T and B lymphocytes in the periphery. In thymus, GSNOR deficiency causes excessive protein S-nitrosylation, increases apoptosis, and reduces the number of CD4 single-positive thymocytes. Lymphopenia and increase in S-nitrosylation and apoptosis in GSNOR-deficient mice are largely abolished by genetic deletion of inducible NO synthase. Furthermore, the protection of lymphocyte development by GSNOR is apparently intrinsic to hematopoietic cells. Thus, GSNOR, likely through regulation of S-nitrosylation and apoptosis, physiologically plays a protective role in the development of the immune system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhi-En
authors.initials: ZE
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Paschalis-Thomas
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Doulias
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ischiropoulos
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Locksley
authors.forename: Limin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D010326:Pasteurella Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011828:Radiation Chimera / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D026403:S-Nitrosothiols; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D000445:Aldehyde Oxidoreductases; C087006:formaldehyde dehydrogenase, glutathione-independent