title: [Effect of intravenous esmolol on BIS index and anesthesia emergence during sedation anesthesia for ambulatory surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this research is to observe whether esmolol infusion as an adjunct to propofol can affect BIS index, reduce anesthetic dose and decrease emergence time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty ASA I-II patients, age 18-35, undergoing uterine dilatation and curettage surgery were studied. They were randomized into two groups. Before induction, patients in esmolol group (Group E) were received 1 mg/kg esmolol intravenously and followed by esmolol 150 microg x kg(-1) x min(-1) intravenous infusion; patients in group C received normal saline instead of esmolol. Fentanyl (1 microg/kg) and propofol (2 mg/kg) were used as induction drugs. The change of BIS index, heart rate and MAP during operation; total amount of propofol; time when patients opened eyes and time when patients reached the standard for discharge from hospital were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BIS and heart rate of Group C at 1,2,3 minute after surgery started, increased significantly compared with the time after induction and those in Group E (P < 0.05). The time patients reached the score of discharging from hospital in Group C is longer than that in Group E (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esmolol combined with propofol administering in minor ambulatory operations can control the increase of BIS index caused by surgical nociceptive stimulus. Meanwhile the combination could reduce the dose of sedatives and decrease anesthesia emergence time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, SIR RUN RUN SHAW Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Xiao-Jing
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Tai-Di
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000379:methods*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D011412:Propanolamines; C036604:esmolol; D015742:Propofol