Cardiovascular effects and predictability of cardiovascular collapse after repeated intravenous bolus injections of absolute ethanol in anesthetized pigs.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of repeated intravenous bolus injections of absolute ethanol on cardiopulmonary hemodynamic changes and to investigate the predictability of ethanol-induced cardiovascular collapse in anesthetized pigs.


METHODS
Twenty pigs aged 3-6 months and weighing 28-38 kg were enrolled in the study. Absolute ethanol (0.1 mL/kg of body weight) was repeatedly injected through the inferior vena cava central to the renal vein at 10-minute intervals up to a total volume of 1.0 mL/kg. The subjects were divided into a cardiovascular collapse group and a no-collapse group according to the development or absence of cardiac collapse.


RESULTS
Among the 20 pigs, 12 died before the final injection. Hemodynamic parameters measured immediately before the injection of absolute ethanol did not differ between the cardiovascular collapse group and the no-collapse group except that among animals with cardiovascular collapse, the injection immediately before the one causing cardiovascular collapse resulted in significant increases in the following hemodynamic parameters: mean pulmonary arterial pressure (P < .01), pulmonary vascular resistance (P = .04), and right ventricular end-diastolic volume (P = .02). No such increases were observed in the no-collapse group.


CONCLUSIONS
Hemodynamic profiles in pigs obtained immediately before intravenous injection of absolute ethanol did not predict the subsequent occurrence of cardiovascular collapse except after the injection immediately preceding the one resulting in cardiovascular collapse. In this animal model, significant increases in select hemodynamic parameters occurred after the injection immediately preceding the one resulting in cardiovascular collapse.
Shin
Byung Seop
BS
Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul, 135-710 Korea.
Do
Young Soo
YS
Cho
Hyun Sung
HS
Hahm
Tae Soo
TS
Kim
Chung Su
CS
Sim
Woo Seok
WS
Lee
Chul Joong
CJ
Lee
Sang Hyun
SH
Jin
Hyun Seung
HS
Song
Hyoung Gon
HG
Park
Kwang Bo
KB
Park
Hong Suk
HS
Kim
Sang Tae
ST
D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D012769:Shock / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right / Q000187:drug effects
D000431:Ethanol