title: Forced vital capacity, airway obstruction and survival in a general population sample from the USA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many studies show a link between forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) and survival in the general population and this has been interpreted as a link between airway obstruction and survival. However, the observation that vital capacity is also associated with survival weakens this interpretation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on spirometry and survival were taken from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) limited access dataset. Survival among 7489 participants with usable spirometry and complete data was regressed against measures of ventilatory function after controlling for many other factors likely to be associated with survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival was strongly associated with forced vital capacity (FVC) after adjustment for FEV(1), but not the other way round. The fully adjusted hazard ratio (HR) associated with high FVC was 0.90 in men (95% CI 0.80 to 1.00; p=0.049) and 0.82 in women (95% CI 0.70 to 0.95; p=0.01). This compares with 0.98 for FEV(1) in men (95% CI 0.90 to 1.07; p.0.72) and 1.01 in women (95% CI 0.89 to 1.15; p=0.84). There was no association between survival and airway obstruction as measured by the FEV(1)/FVC ratio.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FVC but not airway obstruction predicts survival in asymptomatic adults without chronic respiratory diagnoses or persistent respiratory symptoms. The association is not explained by age, anthropometry, smoking, income occupation or blood pressure. As FVC later in life, cardiovascular risk, type II diabetes mellitus and low-grade systemic inflammation are all associated with poor fetal growth, these other conditions may be partly responsible for the poor survival in those with low FVC.
authors.affiliation: National Heart Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK. p.burney@imperial.ac.uk
authors.forename: P G J
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Burney
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hooper
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013147:Spirometry / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology*