title: Evaluation of butorphanol, medetomidine and midazolam as a reversible narcotic combination in free-ranging African lions (Panthera leo).
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Zoo Animals, Exotic Pets and Wildlife, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland. swenger@vetclinics.uzh.ch
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wenger
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buss
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joubert
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steenkamp
authors.forename: Purvance
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shikwambana
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hatt
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002077:Butorphanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008045:Lions; D008297:Male; D020926:Medetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009294:Narcotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013019:South Africa
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009294:Narcotics; D020926:Medetomidine; D002077:Butorphanol; D008874:Midazolam