title: The impact of the perioperative period on neurocognitive development, with a focus on pharmacological concerns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: George K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Istaphanous
authors.forename: Christopher G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Andreas W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Loepke
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000633:toxicity; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D019990:Perioperative Care; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013045:Species Specificity; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000777:Anesthetics; D058785:GABA-A Receptor Agonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate