Contribution of plasminogen activation towards the pathogenic potential of oral streptococci.
Oral streptococci are a heterogeneous group of human commensals, with a potential to cause serious infections. Activation of plasminogen has been shown to increase the virulence of typical human pathogenic streptococci such as S. pneumoniae. One important factor for plasminogen activation is the streptococcal α-enolase. Here we report that plasminogen activation is also common in oral streptococci species involved in clinical infection and that it depends on the action of human plasminogen activators. The ability to activate plasminogen did not require full conservation of the internal plasminogen binding sequence motif FYDKERKVY of α-enolase that was previously described as crucial for increased plasminogen binding, activation and virulence. Instead, experiments with recombinant α-enolase variants indicate that the naturally occurring variations do not impair plasminogen binding. In spite of these variations in the internal plasminogen binding motif oral streptococci showed similar activation of plasminogen. We conclude that the pathomechanism of plasminogen activation is conserved in oral streptococci that cause infections in human. This may contribute to their opportunistic pathogenic character that is unfurled in certain niches.
Department of Medical Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
Andreas
A
Itzek
Christine M
CM
Gillen
Marcus
M
Fulde
Claudia
C
Friedrichs
Arne C
AC
Rodloff
Gursharan S
GS
Chhatwal
Daniel Patric
DP
Nitsche-Schmitz
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology; D009154:Mutation; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D019533:Streptococcus oralis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010958:Plasminogen; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase