Fatty acid amide hydrolase is a key regulator of endocannabinoid-induced myocardial tissue injury.
Previous studies have suggested that increased levels of endocannabinoids in various cardiovascular disorders (e.g., various forms of shock, cardiomyopathies, atherosclerosis) through the activation of CB(1) cannabinoid receptors may promote cardiovascular dysfunction and tissue injury. We have investigated the role of the main endocannabinoid anandamide-metabolizing enzyme (fatty acid amide hydrolase; FAAH) in myocardial injury induced by an important chemotherapeutic drug, doxorubicin (DOX; known for its cardiotoxicity mediated by increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species generation), using well-established acute and chronic cardiomyopathy models in mice. The DOX-induced myocardial oxidative/nitrative stress (increased 4-hydroxynonenal, protein carbonyl, and nitrotyrosine levels and decreased glutathione content) correlated with multiple cell death markers, which were enhanced in FAAH knockout mice exhibiting significantly increased DOX-induced mortality and cardiac dysfunction compared to their wild type. The effects of DOX in FAAH knockouts were attenuated by CB(1) receptor antagonists. Furthermore, anandamide induced enhanced cell death in human cardiomyocytes pretreated with FAAH inhibitor and enhanced sensitivity to ROS generation in inflammatory cells of FAAH knockouts. These results suggest that in pathological conditions associated with acute oxidative/nitrative stress FAAH plays a key role in controlling the tissue injury that is, at least in part, mediated by the activation of CB(1) receptors by endocannabinoids.
Laboratory of Physiologic Studies, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Partha
P
Mukhopadhyay
Bėla
B
Horváth
Mohanraj
M
Rajesh
Shingo
S
Matsumoto
Keita
K
Saito
Sándor
S
Bátkai
Vivek
V
Patel
Galin
G
Tanchian
Rachel Y
RY
Gao
Benjamin F
BF
Cravatt
György
G
Haskó
Pál
P
Pacher
D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases
D000581:Amidohydrolases; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; D004317:Doxorubicin; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; D000099252:Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolases