Metabolic profiling of human urine by CE-MS using a positively charged capillary coating and comparison with UPLC-MS.
The potential of capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF-MS) using capillaries coated with a triple layer of polybrene-dextran sulfate-polybrene (PB-DS-PB) was evaluated for metabolic profiling of human urine. The method covers various metabolite classes and stable metabolic profiles of urine samples were obtained with favourable migration time repeatability (RSDs <1%). The PB-DS-PB CE-TOF-MS method was used for the analysis of human urine samples from 30 males and 30 females, which had been previously analyzed by reversed-phase UPLC-TOF-MS. Multivariate data analysis of the obtained data provided clear distinction between urine samples from males and females, emphasizing gender differences in metabolic signatures. Nearly all compounds responsible for male-female classification in CE-TOF-MS were different from the classifying compounds in UPLC-TOF-MS. Almost all compounds causing classification in the CE-TOF-MS study were highly polar and did not exhibit retention in the reversed-phase UPLC system. In addition, the CE-TOF-MS classifiers had an m/z value in the range of 50-150, whereas 95% of the classifying features found with UPLC-TOF-MS had an m/z value above 150. The CE-TOF-MS method therefore appears to be highly complementary to the UPLC-TOF-MS method providing classification based on different classes of metabolites.
Department of Biomedical Analysis, Utrecht University, Sorbonnelaan 16, PO Box 80082, 3508 TB Utrecht, The Netherlands. R.Ramautar@lumc.nl
Rawi
R
Ramautar
Ekaterina
E
Nevedomskaya
Oleg A
OA
Mayboroda
André M
AM
Deelder
Ian D
ID
Wilson
Helen G
HG
Gika
Georgios A
GA
Theodoridis
Govert W
GW
Somsen
Gerhardus J
GJ
de Jong
D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D055442:Metabolome; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*