[Anxiety: an independent factor of axillary brachial plexus block failure?].
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the impact of the anxiety level using Spielberger test on axillary block success.


METHODS
Prospective double-blind study.


METHODS
An axillary brachial plexus block was performed with a nerve stimulator for all patients undergoing elective or emergency upper limb surgery. Spielberger test result was blinded for both patient and anaesthesiologist performing the block. Time to perform the block (minutes) was measured. Anxiety and pain scores were assessed, using a numeric scale (NS), at different time. Successful block was defined as complete sensory blockade combined with painless during surgical incision. Data were compared using Spearman test and multivariate logistical regression analysis.


RESULTS
Patients (184) were included (elective surgery=62%; emergency=38%). Failure rate was 10%. On multivariate logistical regression analysis, time to perform the block and NS anxiety score before starting the block were associated with block failure. Spielberger score correlated with NS anxiety score before puncture (Rho = 0,586, p<10(-4)). Anxiety level was increased in emergency context.


CONCLUSIONS
Patient's anxiety level before axillary brachial plexus block is a risk factor of failure, especially in emergency condition. We suggest anesthesiologists to evaluate patient anxiety prior to block performance. A specific anxiolytic treatment may be recommend in some cases.
Service orthopédie, département d'anesthésie, pôle anesthésie-réanimation, CHU Purpan, faculté de médecine, université de Toulouse III, place Dr-Baylac, TSA 40031, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France. fuzier.r@chu-toulouse.fr
R
R
Fuzier
M
M
Lavidale
B
B
Bataille
A-S
AS
Richez
J-P
JP
Maguès
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D001917:Brachial Plexus; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009407:Nerve Block; D010147:Pain Measurement; D057234:Preoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000601:surgery; D055815:Young Adult