FADS gene polymorphisms in Koreans: association with ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids, lipid peroxides, and coronary artery disease.
OBJECTIVE
We investigated the association of polymorphisms in FADS genes with polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in serum phospholipids, lipid peroxides, and coronary artery disease (CAD) in Koreans.


METHODS
In this case-control study, CAD patients (n=756, 40-79 years) and healthy controls (n=890) were genotyped for rs174537 near FADS1 (FEN1 rs174537G>T), FADS2 (rs174575, rs2727270), and FADS3 (rs1000778). We calculated the odds ratios (ORs) for CAD risk and measured serum PUFA composition and lipid peroxide.


RESULTS
Among four SNPs, only rs174537G>T differed in allele frequencies between controls and CAD patients after adjustment for age, BMI, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hyperlipidemia (P=0.017). The minor T allele was associated with a lower risk of CAD [OR 0.75 (95%CI 0.61-0.92), P=0.006] after adjustment. rs174537T carriers had a significantly higher proportion of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2ω6), lower arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4ω6), and lower ratios of AA/dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (DGLA, 20:3ω6) and AA/LA than G/G subjects in both control and CAD groups. In the control group, 174537T carriers had significantly lower levels of total- and LDL-cholesterol, malondialdehyde, and ox-LDL. In CAD patients, rs174537T carriers showed a larger LDL particle size than G/G subjects. The proportion of AA in serum phospholipids positively correlated with LDL-cholesterol, ox-LDL, and malondialdehyde in controls and with 8-epi-prostaglandin F(2α) in both control and CAD groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The rs174537T is associated with a lower proportion of AA in serum phospholipids and reduced CAD risk, in association with reduced total- and LDL-cholesterol and lipid peroxides.
Interdisciplinary Course of Science for Aging, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea.
Jung Hyun
JH
Kwak
Jean Kyung
JK
Paik
Oh Yoen
OY
Kim
Yangsoo
Y
Jang
Sang-Hak
SH
Lee
Jose M
JM
Ordovas
Jong Ho
JH
Lee
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000235:genetics*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010743:Phospholipids; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C000716847:FADS1 protein, human; C533241:FADS2 protein, human