Experimental models for the study of female and male sexual function.
BACKGROUND
Significant progress has been made in the understanding of physiological and pharmacological mechanisms of human sexual functioning through preclinical research in animal models.


OBJECTIVE
To provide an evidence-based documentation of the experimental models evaluating male and female sexual function for useful clinical translation.


METHODS
Consensus discussion over the past 18 months leading to summarized views of seven experts from six countries.


METHODS
Report was based on the critical analysis of scientific information available in literature and subcommittee presentations, discussions, and exchanges of ideas and feedback.


RESULTS
Fundamental research in animal models has led to considerable understanding of the physiological mechanisms underlying desire, arousal, genital, and other sexual responses and the design of rational pharmacological treatments for certain sexual dysfunctions in the male and female. Tissue and cellular in vitro systems have provided critical information on the in vivo interactions and modulations in the presence and absence of chemical, biological, vascular, neurologic, endocrine, and genetic inputs. The animal models seem indispensable for elucidating the biophysiological and etiopathological aspects of male and female sexual disorders.


CONCLUSIONS
Useful insights into the human experience have been derived from basic research in ways that are far more difficult to obtain in humans, both scientifically and ethically. The animal model with a good predictive value can be used as a successful preclinical tool so long as the functional end points are homologous or analogous. The key issue is whether further evaluations are warranted to extrapolate the results in a clinical setting.
Raymond Poincaré Hospital, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Garches, France. giuliano@cyber-sante.org
Francois
F
Giuliano
James
J
Pfaus
Balasubramanian
B
Srilatha
Srilatha
S
Balasubramanian
Petter
P
Hedlund
Shin-ichi
S
Hisasue
Lesley
L
Marson
Kim
K
Wallen
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000777:Anesthetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003243:Consciousness; D003307:Copulation / Q000502:physiology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D007989:Libido / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010413:Penis / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000502:physiology; D012735:Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology; D019529:Sexuality / Q000502:physiology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D014621:Vagina / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000502:physiology
D000777:Anesthetics; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones