Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, and 18 in young primiparous women in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
BACKGROUND
Data on epidemiology of HPV infection are needed for the development of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine recommendations, especially in countries where HPV vaccination is not yet included in public vaccination programs. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of serum antibodies to HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 and associated factors among young women after birth of the first child.


METHODS
This cross-sectional study was carried out in a large public maternity hospital in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Three hundred one women aged 15 to 24 years who gave birth to their first child were recruited between 43 and 60 days after delivery. Seroprevalence was performed using a type-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on HPV Late protein 1 viruslike particles. The association of seroreactivity with these 4 HPV types with selected demographic and behavioral factors was assessed by Generalized Linear Model analysis.


RESULTS
Fifty-eight (19.3%) women (95% confidence interval, 15.0%-24.2%) had antibodies to any of the 4 viruslike particles tested. The overall seroprevalence rates of the HPV types were: HPV16, 9.0%; HPV18, 7.0%; and HPV 6+11, 7.7%, which are targeted by the HPV prophylactic vaccines. In the multivariate analysis, only age (inversely, P = 0.044 for trend) and previous sexually transmitted disease (P = 0.008) were 2 factors independently associated with HPV seropositivity.


CONCLUSIONS
These data offer additional information on the epidemiology of HPV in a group of young Brazilian women after first delivery and contribute to establish a baseline of HPV seroprevalence against which post-HPV vaccine era seroprevalence can be compared.
Department of Family Planning, Hospital Maternidade Leonor Mendes de Barros, Av. Celso Garcia 2477, Sao Paulo, Brazil. crisrama@usp.br
Cristina Helena
CH
Rama
Luisa Lina
LL
Villa
Sonia
S
Pagliusi
Maria Antonieta Avilla
MA
Andreoli
Maria Cecilia
MC
Costa
Patricia
P
Thomann
Adhemar
A
Longatto-Filho
Jose
J
Eluf-Neto
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D052140:Human papillomavirus 11 / Q000276:immunology; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000276:immunology; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000276:immunology; D052163:Human papillomavirus 6 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D010298:Parity / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D055815:Young Adult
D000906:Antibodies