Farm living: effects on childhood asthma and allergy.
Numerous epidemiological studies have shown that children who grow up on traditional farms are protected from asthma, hay fever and allergic sensitization. Early-life contact with livestock and their fodder, and consumption of unprocessed cow's milk have been identified as the most effective protective exposures. Studies of the immunobiology of farm living point to activation and modulation of innate and adaptive immune responses by intense microbial exposures and possibly xenogeneic signals delivered before or soon after birth.
Dr. von Haunersche Kinderklinik Ludwig Maximilians Universität, 80337 Munich, Germany. erika.von.mutius@med.lmu.de
Erika
E
von Mutius
Donata
D
Vercelli
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008019:Life Style; D058751:Livestock / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008892:Milk / Q000276:immunology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult