Thermal response of tissues to millimeter waves: implications for setting exposure guidelines.
This Note discusses the implications of a simple model for the thermal response of tissue subject to irradiation with millimeter waves (30-300 GHz) for setting limits for safe exposure to this energy. The estimated thresholds for thermal pain and thermal injury from long-term (minutes) and short-term (seconds) exposures are compared with two major exposure guidelines, IEEE C95.1-2005 and ICNIRP limits. An Appendix describes the rationale for setting the "averaging times" in IEEE C95.1-2005.
Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, 210 S. 33rd Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. kfoster@seas.upenn.edu
Kenneth R
KR
Foster
Harvey
H
Zhang
John M
JM
Osepchuk
D001831:Body Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000592:standards*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014018:Tissue Distribution