Associations among systemic blood pressure, microalbuminuria and albuminuria in dogs affected with pituitary- and adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism.
BACKGROUND
Hypertension and proteinuria are medical complications associated with the multisystemic effects of long-term hypercortisolism in dogs with hyperadrenocorticism (HAC).


METHODS
This study investigated the relationships among adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-stimulation test results, systemic blood pressure, and microalbuminuria in clinically-healthy dogs (n = 100), in dogs affected with naturally occurring pituitary-dependent (PDH; n = 40), or adrenal-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (ADH; n = 30).


RESULTS
Mean systemic blood pressure was similar between clinically healthy dogs and dogs with HAC (p = 0.803). However the incidence of hypertension was highest in dogs with ADH (p = 0.017), followed by dogs with PDH, with the lowest levels in clinically healthy dogs (p = 0.019). Presence of microalbuminuria and albuminuria in clinically healthy dogs and dogs affected with HAC was significantly different (p < 0.001); incidences of albuminuria followed the same pattern of hypertension; highest incidence in dogs with ADH, and lowest level in clinically healthy dogs; but microalbuminuria showed a different pattern: clinically healthy dogs had highest incidences and dogs with ADH had lowest incidence. The presence of albuminuria was not associated with blood pressure values, regardless of whether dogs were clinically healthy or affected with ADH or PDH (p = 0.306).


CONCLUSIONS
Higher incidence of hypertension and albuminuria, not microalbuminuria was seen in dogs affected with HAC compared to clinically healthy dogs; incidence of hypertension and albuminuria was significantly higher in dogs affected with ADH compared to PDH. However, presence of albuminuria was not correlated with systemic blood pressure.
Azu Clinic for Animals, Taipei, Taiwan.
Yu-Hsin
YH
Lien
Tsai-Yuan
TY
Hsiang
Hui-Pi
HP
Huang
D000307:Adrenal Gland Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*; D000308:Adrenocortical Hyperfunction / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000652:urine; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D006973:Hypertension / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000652:urine / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013624:Taiwan
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone