Toxic effects of oral 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene in the Western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis).
The compound 2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene (2A-DNT) was evaluated under laboratory conditions in the Western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis) to assess the potential for reptile toxicity. Oral LD(50) values were 1406 and 1867 mg/kg for male and female lizards, respectively. Based on responses from a 14-day subacute study, a 60-day subchronic experiment followed where lizards were orally dosed at 0, 5, 15, 20, 25, 30 mg/kg-d. At day 60, number of days and survivors, food consumption, and change in body weight were inversely related to dose. Signs of toxicity were characterized by anorexia and generalized cachexia. Significant adverse histopathology was observed in hepatic tissue at ≥ 15 mg/kg-d, consistent with hepatocellular transdifferentiation. Based on survival, loss of body weight, diminished food intake, changes in liver, kidney, and testes, and increased blood urea nitrogen, these data suggest a LOAEL of 15 mg/kg-d and a NOAEL of 5 mg/kg-d in S. occidentalis.
US Army Public Health Command (Prov), Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010, USA. craig.a.mcfarland@us.army.mil
Craig A
CA
McFarland
Michael J
MJ
Quinn
John
J
Boyce
Emily M
EM
LaFiandra
Matthew A
MA
Bazar
Larry G
LG
Talent
Mark S
MS
Johnson
D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D053834:Explosive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D008116:Lizards / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male
D000814:Aniline Compounds; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D053834:Explosive Agents; C035208:2-amino-4,6-dinitrotoluene