Changes in the mucosa of the Roux-limb after gastric bypass surgery.
OBJECTIVE
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery is the most efficient treatment of morbid obesity, but the mechanisms of action are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to explore the Roux-limb mucosa after gastric bypass surgery, focusing upon basic morphology and inflammation.


RESULTS
Jejunal mucosal samples from the Roux-limb were gathered from eight patients at time of surgery and 6-8 months postsurgery. Histological evaluation of inflammation and morphometric investigations were performed, cell proliferation was assessed using immunohistochemistry and inflammatory markers and angiotensin (Ang) II receptors were detected using Western blot. Cell proliferation increased and villous surface area decreased in the Roux-limb mucosa but no signs of active inflammation were observed after surgery. Protein analyses showed increased levels of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-oxidase, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and the Ang II type 1(AT(1)) receptor after surgery, whereas the levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), nitrotyrosine and the Ang II type 2(AT(2)) receptor remained constant.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that the phenotype of the jejunal mucosa changes once exposed to undigested food and the increased microbial load in the Roux-limb after surgery.
Department of Gastrosurgical Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. emma.spak@gastro.gu.se
Emma
E
Spak
Per
P
Björklund
Herbert F
HF
Helander
Michael
M
Vieth
Torsten
T
Olbers
Anna
A
Casselbrant
Hans
H
Lönroth
Lars
L
Fändriks
D000328:Adult; D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y / Q000379:methods; D000809:Angiotensins / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007583:Jejunum / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism
D000809:Angiotensins; D009195:Peroxidase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II