The combination of naproxen and citral reduces nociception and gastric damage in rats.
It has been shown that the association of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with plant extracts can increase their antinociceptive activity, allowing the use of lower doses and, thus, limiting side effects. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of the interaction between naproxen and citral on nociception and gastric injury in rats. Naproxen, citral, or combinations of naproxen and citral produced an antinociceptive effect. The administration of naproxen produced significant gastric damage, but this effect was not obtained with either citral or the naproxen-citral combination. The ED(50) value was estimated for the individual drugs and an isobologram was constructed. The derived theoretical ED(50) for the antinociceptive effect (423.8 mg/kg) was not significantly different from the observed experimental value (359.0 mg/kg); hence, the interaction between naproxen and citral mediating the antinociceptive effect is additive. These data suggest that the naproxen-citral combination interacts at the systemic level, produces minor gastric damage, and potentially has therapeutic advantages for the clinical treatment of inflammatory pain.
Área Académica de Medicina del Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca, Hidalgo, Mexico. mario_i_ortiz@hotmail.com
Mario I
MI
Ortiz
Martha L
ML
Ramírez-Montiel
Martha P
MP
González-García
Héctor A
HA
Ponce-Monter
Gilberto
G
Castañeda-Hernández
Raquel
R
Cariño-Cortés
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000700:Analgesics; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D039821:Monoterpenes; D009288:Naproxen; C007076:citral