Types of neural guides and using nanotechnology for peripheral nerve reconstruction.
Peripheral nerve injuries can lead to lifetime loss of function and permanent disfigurement. Different methods, such as conventional allograft procedures and use of biologic tubes present problems when used for damaged peripheral nerve reconstruction. Designed scaffolds comprised of natural and synthetic materials are now widely used in the reconstruction of damaged tissues. Utilization of absorbable and nonabsorbable synthetic and natural polymers with unique characteristics can be an appropriate solution to repair damaged nerve tissues. Polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds with properties similar to neural structures can be more effective in the reconstruction process. Better cell adhesion and migration, more guiding of axons, and structural features, such as porosity, provide a clearer role for nanofibers in the restoration of neural tissues. In this paper, basic concepts of peripheral nerve injury, types of artificial and natural guides, and methods to improve the performance of tubes, such as orientation, nanotechnology applications for nerve reconstruction, fibers and nanofibers, electrospinning methods, and their application in peripheral nerve reconstruction are reviewed.
Department of Chemistry, Islamic Azad University-Tonekabon Branch, Iran. e.biazar@tonekaboniau.ac.ir
Esmaeil
E
Biazar
M T
MT
Khorasani
Naser
N
Montazeri
Khalil
K
Pourshamsian
Morteza
M
Daliri
Mostafa
M
Rezaei
Mahmoud
M
Jabarvand
Ahad
A
Khoshzaban
Saeed
S
Heidari
Mostafa
M
Jafarpour
Ziba
Z
Roviemiab
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D016067:Nerve Transfer; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry
D001672:Biocompatible Materials