β 1-4 mannobiose enhances Salmonella-killing activity and activates innate immune responses in chicken macrophages.
Salmonella spp. is one of the major causes of food-borne illness in humans, and Salmonella enteritidis (SE) infection in commercial poultry is a world-wide problem. Here we have investigated the in vitro immune-modulating effects of β 1-4 mannobiose (MNB), which was previously found to prevent SE infection in vivo in chickens, using chicken macrophage (MQ-MCSU) cells. Treatment of MQ-NCSU cells with MNB dose-dependently increased both phagocytic activity and Salmonella-killing activity of macrophages, with the highest reduction in SE viability observed at a concentration of 40 μg/ml at 48 h post-infection. Likewise, both hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and nitric oxide (NO) production were increased in a dose-dependent manner by MNB. Gene expression analysis of MNB-treated macrophages revealed significant increases in the expression of iNOS, NOX-1, IFN-γ, NRAMP1, and LITAF, genes critical for host defense and antimicrobial activity, when compared to untreated cells. This data confirms that MNB possesses potent innate immune-modulating activities and can up-regulate antibacterial defenses in chicken macrophages.
R&D Institute, Fuji Oil, Ltd., 1 Sumiyoshi-Cho, Izumisano-Shi, Osaka 598-8540, Japan.
Masahisa
M
Ibuki
Jennifer
J
Kovacs-Nolan
Kensuke
K
Fukui
Hiroyuki
H
Kanatani
Yoshinori
Y
Mine
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002645:Chickens; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000502:physiology*
D008351:Mannans; C014647:mannobiose; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide