Assessment of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, propylene glycol, polysorbate 80, and hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin for use in developmental and reproductive toxicology studies.
BACKGROUND
A series of studies were conducted to assess Polysorbate 80 (PS80), Propylene Glycol (PG), and Hydroxypropyl-β-Cyclodextrin (HPβCD), when compared with Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (MC) in developmental and reproductive toxicology (DART) studies.


METHODS
In the rat fertility study, 20 mg/kg MC, 10 mg/kg PS80, 1,000 mg/kg PG, 500 mg/kg HPβCD or 1,000 mg/kg HPβCD were administered orally before/during mating, and on gestation Day (GD) 0-7, followed by an assessment of embryonic development on GD 14. In the rat and rabbit teratology studies, the doses of MC, PS80, PG, and HPβCD were the same as those in the fertility study. In these teratology studies, pregnant females were dosed during the period of organogenesis, followed by an assessment of fetal external, visceral, and skeletal development.


RESULTS
In the rat fertility and rat teratology studies, PS80, PG, and HPβCD did not exhibit toxicity, when compared with MC. Similarly, in the rabbit teratology study, there was no PS80 or PG-related toxicity, when compared with MC. However, individual rabbits in the 500 and 1,000 mg/kg HPβCD groups exhibited maternal toxicity, which included stool findings, decreased food consumption, and body weight gain. Furthermore, one rabbit each in the 500 and 1,000 mg/kg HPβCD groups exhibited evidence of abortion, which was considered secondary to maternal toxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
Although HPβCD was not well tolerated in rabbits at doses of 500 and 1,000 mg/kg, PS80 and PG were comparable to MC and should be considered for use in developmental and reproductive toxicology studies.
Merck Research Laboratories, Summit, New Jersey 07901, USA.
Brian P
BP
Enright
Barry S
BS
McIntyre
Evan A
EA
Thackaberry
Kimberley A
KA
Treinen
Stephan J
SJ
Kopytek
D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles / Q000633:toxicity*; D011136:Polysorbates / Q000633:toxicity*; D011247:Pregnancy; D019946:Propylene Glycol / Q000633:toxicity*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins / Q000633:toxicity*
D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D011136:Polysorbates; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D008747:Methylcellulose