Monitoring of naturally produced brominated phenoxyphenols and phenoxyanisoles in aquatic plants from the Philippines.
Naturally produced brominated phenoxyphenols (OH-PBDEs) and phenoxyanisoles (MeO-PBDEs) were analyzed in aquatic plants (16 genera of green, brown, and red algae and angiosperms) collected from Luzon Island, the Philippines. Two brominated phenoxyphenols, 2'-hydroxy-2,3',4,5'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (2'-OH-BDE68) and 6-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (6-OH-BDE47), were detected in the phenolic fraction of extracts from most of the specimens; Sargassum oligosystum had the highest concentrations (101 ng/g fresh weight (fw)). The corresponding phenoxyanisole, 2'-methoxy-2,3',4,5'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (2'-MeO-BDE68), was most abundant in Sargassum aff. bataanense (229 ng/g fw), followed by Padina sp., and 6-methoxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (6-MeO-BDE47) was predominant in Jania adhaerens (29 ng/g fw). Hydroxy-pentaBDEs, hydroxy-methoxy-tetraBDEs, dihydroxy-tetraBDEs, dihydroxy-tetrabromobiphenyl, and hydroxy-tetrabromodibenzo-p-dioxins were also detected. The present study demonstrates that these aquatic plant species could be an abundant source of OH-PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs found in higher trophic organisms in the Asia-Pacific region.
Daiichi College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka 815-8511, Japan.
Koichi
K
Haraguchi
Yuichi
Y
Kotaki
Juan R
JR
Relox
Marc Lawrence J
ML
Romero
Ryuta
R
Terada
D059001:Aquatic Organisms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010679:Philippines; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical