The association between dietary intake and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher among women in a high-risk rural area of China.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the relationship between dietary intake and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or higher (CIN2+) while controlling for human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.


METHODS
In 1999 and 2002, 11,031 women aged 35–50, were screened as part of two cross-sectional population-based cervical cancer screening studies in China. Dietary food intake information was collected by a 79-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). 748 HPV-positive women (557 normal biopsy; 95 CIN2, 79 CIN3 and 17 cancer) with completed interviews and biopsy results were included in our data analysis. Specific dietary food groups were classified into dark-colored vegetables, light-colored vegetables, onion vegetables, legumes, nuts, eggs, and meat. Unconditional logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between dietary intake and the risk of developing CIN2+.


RESULTS
Inverse associations between CIN2+ risk and onion vegetables, legumes, nuts, and meat were observed. Comparison of the lowest and highest tertiles for consumption of onion vegetables, legumes, nuts, and meat yielded adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of 0.589 [95% confidence intervals (CI), 0.387–0.897; P for trend = 0.011], 0.591 (95% CI, 0.392–0.892; P for trend = 0.012), 0.635 (95% CI, 0.426–0.946; P for trend = 0.019), 0.624 (95% CI, 0.406–0.958; P for trend = 0.044), respectively, for CIN2+ risk among 748 HPV-positive women. No associations were found between CIN2+ risk and dark-colored vegetables, light-colored vegetables or eggs.


CONCLUSIONS
Dietary intake of onion vegetables, legumes, nuts, and meat is associated with reduced risk of CIN2+. These foods may provide a protective factor against CIN2+.
School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, 1 Yi Xue Yuan Road, 400016 Chongqing, People’s Republic of China.
Chang-Yan
CY
Feng
Margaret
M
Lin
Divya
D
Lakhaney
Hai-Kui
HK
Sun
Xing-Bi
XB
Dai
Fang-Hui
FH
Zhao
You-Lin
YL
Qiao
D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology