Immunogenicity and immunomodulatory properties of umbilical cord lining mesenchymal stem cells.
We here present an immunologic head-to-head comparison between human umbilical cord lining mesenchymal stem cells (clMSCs) and adult bone marrow MSCs (bmMSCs) from patients >65 years of age. clMSCs had significantly lower HLA class I expression, higher production of tolerogenic TGF-β and IL-10, and showed significantly faster proliferation. In vitro activation of allogeneic lymphocytes and xenogeneic in vivo immune activation was significantly stronger with bmMSCs, whereas immune recognition of clMSCs was significantly weaker. Thus, bmMSCs were more quickly rejected in immunocompetent mice. IFN-γ at 25 ng/ml increased both immunogenicity by upregulation of HLA class I/ HLA-DR expression and tolerogenicity by increasing intracellular HLA-G and surface HLA-E expression, augmenting TGF-β and IL-10 release, and inducing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) expression. Higher concentrations of IFN-γ (>50 ng/ml) further enhanced the immunosuppressive phenotype of clMSCs, more strongly downregulating HLA-DR expression and further increasing IDO production (at 500 ng/ml). The net functional immunosuppressive efficacy of MSCs was tested in mixed lymphocyte cultures. Although both clMSCs and bmMSCs significantly reduced in vitro immune activation, clMSCs were significantly more effective than bmMSCs. The veto function of both MSC lines was enhanced in escalating IFN-γ environments. In conclusion, clMSCs show a more beneficial immunogeneic profile and stronger overall immunosuppressive potential than aged bmMSCs.
Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany.
Tobias
T
Deuse
Mandy
M
Stubbendorff
Karis
K
Tang-Quan
Neil
N
Phillips
Mark A
MA
Kay
Thomas
T
Eiermann
Thang T
TT
Phan
Hans-Dieter
HD
Volk
Hermann
H
Reichenspurner
Robert C
RC
Robbins
Sonja
S
Schrepfer
D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D059951:HLA-G Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010641:Phenotype; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology*; D000097625:HLA-E Antigens
D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D016753:Interleukin-10; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D000097625:HLA-E Antigens