The apoptotic effect of 1's-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate from Alpinia conchigera on human cancer cells.
1'-(S)-1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA) isolated from the Malaysian ethno-medicinal plant Alpinia conchigera Griff. was investigated for its potential as an anticancer drug. In this communication, we describe the cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of ACA on five human tumour cell lines. Data from MTT cell viability assays indicated that ACA induced both time- and dose-dependent cytotoxicity on all tumour cell lines tested and had no adverse cytotoxic effects on normal cells. Total mortality of the entire tumour cell population was achieved within 30 hrs when treated with ACA at 40.0 µM concentration. Flow cytometric analysis for annexin-V and PI dual staining demonstrated that cell death occurred via apoptosis, followed by secondary necrosis. The apoptotic effects of ACA were confirmed via the DNA fragmentation assay, in which consistent laddering of genomic DNA was observed for all tumour cell lines after a 24 hrs post-treatment period at the IC(50) concentration of ACA. A cell cycle analysis using PI staining also demonstrated that ACA induced cell cycle arrest at the G(0)/G(1) phase, corresponding to oral tumour cell lines. In conclusion, ACA exhibits enormous potential for future development as a chemotherapeutic drug against various malignancies.
Centre for Natural Product Research and Drug Discovery (CENAR), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. khalijah@um.edu.my
Khalijah
K
Awang
Mohamad Nurul
MN
Azmi
Lionel In Lian
LI
Aun
Ahmad Nazif
AN
Aziz
Halijah
H
Ibrahim
Noor Hasima
NH
Nagoor
D032429:Alpinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001592:Benzyl Alcohols; D010936:Plant Extracts; C047948:1'-acetoxychavicol acetate