Associations between depressive symptom dimensions and smoking dependence motives.
Depressive symptoms are heterogeneous and can be parsed into four subdimensions (i.e., positive affect [PA], negative affect [NA], somatic features [SF], and interpersonal problems [IP]) that may have unique associations with the motivation to smoke. This study explored associations between depressive symptom dimensions and 13 theoretically distinct domains of smoking dependence motivation in current cigarette smokers (N = 212; 53% female, mean [M] age = 24 years). Results demonstrated substantial variability in the pattern of motivational correlates across depressive dimensions. Low PA exhibited the narrowest motivational profile, associating with only the tendency to prioritize smoking over other reinforcers. NA demonstrated a broader profile, associating with smoking for affect regulation and cognitive enhancement as well as prioritizing smoking. SF associated with prioritizing smoking and smoking because of cue exposure, craving, and weight control. IP demonstrated the broadest profile, associating with 7 of 13 motivational domains. These findings may assist the tailoring cessation interventions for smokers with depressive symptoms.
University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, 90033, USA.
Lavonda
L
Mickens
Jodie
J
Greenberg
Katherine J
KJ
Ameringer
Molly
M
Brightman
Ping
P
Sun
Adam M
AM
Leventhal
D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011594:Psychometrics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D055815:Young Adult