Nephrotoxicity induced by chromium (VI) in adult rats and their progeny.
To assess kidney damages in pregnant and lactating rats and in their suckling pups, Wistar female rats were given, through drinking water, 700 parts per million (ppm) of K(2)Cr(2)O(7) from the 14th day of pregnancy until day 14 after delivery. Toxicity was objectified by a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO) levels in kidney of chromium-treated mothers and their suckling pups. Moreover, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was increased in kidney and decreased in plasma of K(2)Cr(2)O(7)-treated rats. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in dams and decreased in their pups. Interestingly, these biochemical modifications were accompanied by higher plasma and lower urinary levels of creatinine, a specific indicator of glomerular function, and of urea than those of controls. Significant increase in creatinine clearance was also found in treated mothers and in their progeny. Histological studies showed an infiltration of mononuclear cells, necrosis and vascular congestion in kidney of pups and dams. Based on the present findings, K(2)Cr(2)O(7) administrated to female rats during late pregnancy and early postnatal periods provoked kidney damages in dams and their offspring.
Animal Physiology Laboratory, Sfax Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Tunisia.
Nejla
N
Soudani
Mediha
M
Sefi
Hanen
H
Bouaziz
Yassine
Y
Chtourou
Tahia
T
Boudawara
Najiba
N
Zeghal
D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002857:Chromium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation / Q000378:metabolism; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011192:Potassium Dichromate / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D000975:Antioxidants; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002857:Chromium; C074702:chromium hexavalent ion; D011192:Potassium Dichromate