Inhibition of the c-fms proto-oncogene autocrine loop and tumor phenotype in glucocorticoid stimulated human breast carcinoma cells.
The c-fms proto-oncogene encoded CSF-1 receptor and its ligand represent a feedback loop, which in a paracrine manner, is well known to promote spread of breast cancers. The role of the autocrine feedback loop in promotion of breast tumor behavior, in particular in vitro, is less well understood. The physiologic stimulation of c-fms expression by glucocorticoids (GCs) in vitro and in vivo magnifies the tumor promoting effect seen in these cells from activated c-fms signaling by CSF-1. Targeted molecular therapy against c-fms could therefore abrogate both complementary feedback loops. Using breast cancer cells endogenously co-expressing receptor and ligand, we used complementary approaches to inhibit c-fms expression and function within this autocrine pathway in the context of GC stimulation. Silencing RNA (shRNA), antisense oligonucleotide therapy (AON), and inhibition of c-fms signaling, were all used to quantitate inhibition of GC-stimulated adhesion, motility, and invasion of human breast cancer cells in vitro. shRNA to c-fms downregulated GC-stimulated c-fms mRNA by fourfold over controls, correlating with over twofold reduction in cellular invasiveness. AON therapy was also able to inhibit GC stimulation of c-fms mRNA, and resulted in threefold less invasiveness and 1.5 to 2-fold reductions in adhesion and motility. Finally, the small-molecule c-fms inhibitor Ki20227 was able to decrease in a dose-response manner, breast cancer cell invasion by up to fourfold. Inhibition of this receptor/ligand pair may have clinical utility in inhibition of the autocrine as well as the known paracrine interactions in breast cancer, thus further supporting use of targeted therapies in this disease.
Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, University of Rochester, NY 14642, USA. eugene_toy@urmc.rochester.edu
Eugene P
EP
Toy
Tiffany
T
Lamb
Masoud
M
Azodi
William J
WJ
Roy
Ho-Hyung
HH
Woo
Setsuko K
SK
Chambers
D019898:Autocrine Communication / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D034622:RNA Interference; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
D005938:Glucocorticoids; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; C517050:N-(4-((6,7-dimethoxy-4-quinolyl)oxy)-2-methoxyphenyl)-N'-(1-(1,3-thiazole-2-yl)ethyl)urea; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010671:Phenylurea Compounds; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D013844:Thiazoles; D003907:Dexamethasone; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor