The workload and plasma ion concentration in a training match session of high-goal (elite) polo ponies.
BACKGROUND
This study was designed to consider the complexity of the physical effort inherent to horses in polo competitions and the absence of reports in the literature on the effort, intensity and electrolyte changes resulting from a collective team training session aimed at preparing for a polo championship.


OBJECTIVE
To determine the effort and ion changes caused by an outdoor polo training match for a 25 goal handicap (elite) based on physiological variables including acid-base status (venous pH, PCO(2) and HCO(3)(-)), packed cell volume (PCV), haemoglobin (Hb), lactate, glucose, sodium, chloride and potassium and strong ion difference (SID) as well as creatine kinase (CK) activity.


METHODS
Twenty-three clinically healthy 'high-goal' polo ponies were used, which included 10 geldings and 13 females. The horses performed a training match, as a preparation for a 25 goal tournament, consisting of 6 chukkas of 7 min duration each. Blood samples were collected during resting, and at 5 min, 6 and 12 h after each chukka. Data were analysed using ANOVA for repeated measures followed by Tukey's test.


RESULTS
Differences (P < 0.001) were evident mainly in post exercise for all variables studied. There was a reduction in pH, PCO(2) and HCO(3)(-) and SID, together with an increase in PCV and Hb, lactate, glucose, Na(+) and Cl(-). K(+) levels remained constant at all times of collection. The average resting value for CK was 255 ± 9 iu/l, and 6 h after effort there was a 35% increase in enzyme activity.


CONCLUSIONS
This study indicates that the horses participating in a training match underwent a high-intensity effort with alterations in electrolytes and acid-base equilibrium.


CONCLUSIONS
Training matches should be carefully conducted, with a suitable recovery period before the main match.
Faculdades de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Campus de Jaboticabal, Departamento de Morfologia e Fisiologia Animal, Laboratório de Farmacologia e Fisiologia do Exercício Equino, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil. guilherme.de.ferraz@terra.com.br
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Ferraz
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Pereira
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Queiroz-Neto
D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood* / Q000502:physiology*; D007477:Ions / Q000097:blood*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004573:Electrolytes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D007477:Ions; D019344:Lactic Acid