Extended surgery and pelvic exenteration for locally advanced rectal cancer. What are the limits?
Historically, locally advanced rectal cancers with invasion of tumor into adjacent organs (T4 N1, 2 tumors) have been considered poor prognosis cancers treated with palliative intent. However with the advent of multi-modality therapy and improvement in surgical reconstructive techniques, extended resections for rectal tumors are possible with acceptable patient morbidity and excellent oncological outcomes.
Department of Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA.
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D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010385:Pelvic Exenteration; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome