Identification and characterization of tissue-specific protein transduction domains using peptide phage display.
Protein transduction domains (PTD) or cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are small peptides that are able to carry proteins, nucleic acid, and particles across the cellular membranes into cells. PTDs can be classified into three types: (1) positively charged, cationic peptides, comprised of homopolymers of arginine, ornithine, or lysine; (2) hydrophobic peptides, derived from leader sequences of secreted proteins, and cell-type specific peptides; (3) tissue-specific, mainly amphipathic peptides identified by screening of peptide displaying phage libraries. The cationic and hydrophobic PTDs can efficiently transduce a variety of cell types in culture and in vivo, but in a nonspecific manner. In contrast, the tissue-specific transduction domains have more restricted transduction properties and presumably transduce cells through a different mechanism. In this chapter, we described methods for screening peptide phage display libraries for cell and tissue-specific transduction peptides both in cell culture and in vivo and for functional analysis of transduction.
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Biomedical Science Tower, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Maliha
M
Zahid
Paul D
PD
Robbins
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002469:Cell Separation; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019151:Peptide Library; D051381:Rats; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D019151:Peptide Library