Determination of adipose-derived stem cell application on photo-aged fibroblasts, based on paracrine function.
OBJECTIVE
Adipose-derived stem cells (ASC) are known to be able to restore injured tissue via differentiation and paracrine effects. In this study, we investigated the effect of ASC on photo-aged human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) based on paracrine function. In particular, we wanted to determine a more effective method of ASC application and the fate of the photo-aged fibroblasts.


METHODS
We compared two application methods of ASC: transwell and conditioned medium culture with photo-aged fibroblasts. Proliferation rate, collagen synthesis, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) production and expression of p16 were measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) after culture. Flow cytometry for apoptosis assay was also conducted to determine the fate of the photo-aged fibroblasts.


RESULTS
ASC induced proliferation of photo-aged HDF and type I collagen production and decreased MMP-1 production and expression of p16. In an apoptosis assay, ASC converted necrotic or late apoptotic cells to early apoptotic cells. These results were similar in both experimental groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The results indicate that the paracrine effects of ASC may have a role that is as important as cell-to-cell communication between ASC and fibroblasts. We believe that conditioned medium may be a useful material for anti-aging skin therapy instead of cell therapy. Also, ASC might have an anti-aging effect on photo-aged fibroblasts even at a genetic level.
Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Seung Yong
SY
Song
Ji Eun
JE
Jung
Yeo Reum
YR
Jeon
Kwan Chul
KC
Tark
Dae Hyun
DH
Lew
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000293:Adolescent; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000528:radiation effects; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000528:radiation effects; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002648:Child; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019899:Paracrine Communication / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D055815:Young Adult; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism
D017304:Annexin A5; D024042:Collagen Type I; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1