Immunogenicity of RepliVAX WN, a novel single-cycle West Nile virus vaccine.
We recently reported that immunization with RepliVAX WN, a single-cycle West Nile virus (WNV) vaccine, protected mice against WNV challenge. We have extended these studies by characterizing the RepliVAX WN-elicited antibody and T cell responses. WNV-specific IgG antibody responses comprised predominantly of IgG(2c) and IgG(2b) subclasses were detected 8 months after immunization. Vigorous WNV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses directed at both structural and nonstructural WNV proteins were detected which were characterized by cytolytic activity and secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. Importantly, RepliVAX WN immunization resulted in vigorous CD8(+) memory T cell responses detected at 8 months after immunization.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
Michelle H
MH
Nelson
Evandro
E
Winkelmann
Yinghong
Y
Ma
Jingya
J
Xia
Peter W
PW
Mason
Nigel
N
Bourne
Gregg N
GN
Milligan
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D053060:West Nile Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology*
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014764:Viral Proteins; D053060:West Nile Virus Vaccines; D007371:Interferon-gamma