Associations of early pregnancy sleep duration with trimester-specific blood pressures and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE
We evaluated the influence of maternal self-reported habitual sleep duration during early pregnancy on blood pressure (BP) levels and risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.


METHODS
Prospective cohort study.


METHODS
Clinic-based study.


METHODS
A cohort of 1,272 healthy, pregnant women.


RESULTS
We abstracted maternal antenatal BP values from medical records and estimated mean BP differences across hours of sleep categories in regression models, using generalized estimating equations. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) and preeclampsia (PE) in relation to long and short sleep duration were estimated. Mean 1st and 2nd trimester systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP values were similar among women reporting to be short sleepers (< or = 6 h) vs. women reporting to sleep 9 hours. However, both short and long sleep duration in early pregnancy were associated with increased mean 3rd trimester SBP and DBP. For example, mean 3rd trimester SBP was 3.72, and 2.43 mm Hg higher for women reporting < or = 6 h and 7-8 h sleep, respectively, compared with women reporting 9 h of sleep. Mean 3rd trimester SBP was 4.21 mm Hg higher for women reporting long sleep (> or = 10 h) vs. the reference group. Short and long sleep durations were associated with increased risks of PIH and PE. The ORs for very short (< 5 h) and long (> or = 10 h) sleepers were 9.52 (95% CI 1.83 to 49.40) and 2.45 (95% CI 0.74 to 8.15) for PE.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings are consistent with a larger literature that documents elevated blood pressure and increased risks of hypertension with short and long sleep duration.
Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA, USA. Mwilliam@uw.edu
Michelle A
MA
Williams
Raymond S
RS
Miller
Chunfang
C
Qiu
Swee May
SM
Cripe
Bizu
B
Gelaye
Daniel
D
Enquobahrie
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015984:Causality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011264:Pregnancy Trimesters; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012890:Sleep; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000453:epidemiology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult