Transforming growth factor-β induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition and suppresses the proliferation and transdifferentiation of cultured human pancreatic duct cells.
Pancreatic duct cells are considered a potential source of β-cell regeneration, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has been suggested to perform an important role in these processes, but the underlying mechanism of the signal pathways, especially in humans, remains poorly understood. To evaluate the role of TGF-β1, pancreatic duct cells were isolated from three brain-dead organ donors. Pancreatic cell clusters harvested after islet isolation were dispersed to single cells and cultured in monolayers, then treated with TGF-β1. We analyzed the characteristics of the cultured cells, the TGF-β1 intracellular signaling pathway, the proliferation, and transdifferentiation rates of the duct cells. We also evaluated the genes and protein expression patterns after TGF-β1 treatment. After TGF-β1 treatment, typical morphologic changes representative of EMT were observed and Erk1/2, JNK, and AKT phosphorylation, Ras downstream effectors, were increased. β cell-specific transcription factors including PDX-1, Beta2/NeuroD, Ist-1, and NGN3 were markedly suppressed and the rate of transdifferentiation into β cells was also suppressed. Genomic and proteomic analyses suggested that TGF-β1 induces marked changes in a variety of structural genes and proteins associated with EMT. In conclusion, TGF-β1 induces EMT in cultured human pancreatic duct cells, but suppresses its proliferation and transdifferentiation into β cells. Our results are the first report of TGF-β1 effects for EMT and ductal cell transdifferentiation and proliferation at the protein level in human pancreatic duct cells.
Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Jeong-Ah
JA
Shin
Oak-Kee
OK
Hong
Hye-Jung
HJ
Lee
Sung-Yoon
SY
Jeon
Ji-Won
JW
Kim
Seung-Hwan
SH
Lee
Jae-Hyoung
JH
Cho
Jung-Min
JM
Lee
Yoon-Hee
YH
Choi
Sang-Ah
SA
Chang
Ho-Young
HY
Son
Joo-Han
JH
Kim
Kun-Ho
KH
Yoon
D054337:Cell Dedifferentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D054338:Cell Transdifferentiation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D058750:Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta