Effects of motor control intervention for children with idiopathic toe walking: a 5-case series.
OBJECTIVE
To describe and evaluate the effects of motor control intervention in young children diagnosed with idiopathic toe walking.


METHODS
Five children received motor control intervention in a multiple-case series design using a nonconcurrent, variable baseline. Multiple gait measures were taken before and during the intervention phase. Pre- and posttreatment measures of gross motor development and ankle dorsiflexion range of motion were compared.


RESULTS
During the intervention phase, heel strike frequency showed an upward slope for 1 participant, slight upward trends for 3 participants, and no change for 1 participant. Parents indicated minimal gait change within the children's regular environments. Gross motor skill scores increased but were not statistically significant. Passive ankle range of motion improved and was maintained (P = .002).


CONCLUSIONS
Presentation of children with idiopathic toe walking varies and refinement is needed for gait measures and assessment methods. Intervention improved ankle mobility, but additional components appear necessary to attain spontaneous heel-toe gait.
Northwest Pediatric Therapies, Issaquah, Washington 98027, USA. eclarkpt@scn.org
Elaine
E
Clark
Jane K
JK
Sweeney
Allison
A
Yocum
Sarah W
SW
McCoy
D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D010147:Pain Measurement; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011187:Posture; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014034:Toes; D016896:Treatment Outcome