Two-layer membranes of calcium phosphate/collagen/PLGA nanofibres: in vitro biomineralisation and osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells.
The present study evaluates the in vitro biomedical performance of an electrospun, flexible, anisotropic bilayer with one layer containing a collagen to mineral ratio similar to that in bone. The double membrane consists of a poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) layer and an amorphous calcium phosphate (a-CaP)/collagen (Col)/PLGA layer. In vitro biomineralisation and a cell culture study with human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) were conducted to characterise such membranes for possible application as biomaterials. Nanofibres with different a-CaP/Col/PLGA compositions were synthesised by electrospinning to mimic the actual composition of bone tissue. Immersion in simulated body fluid and in cell culture medium resulted in the deposition of a hydroxyapatite layer. Incubation of hMSC for 4 weeks allowed for assessment of the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of the cells on both sides of the double membrane. Confocal laser scanning microscopy was used to observe the proper adhesion of the cells. Calcium and collagen content was proven by Alizarin red S and Sirius red assays. Acute cytotoxic effects of the nanoparticles or the chemicals used in the scaffold preparation could be excluded based on viability assays (alamarBlue and alkaline phosphatase activity). The findings suggest possible application of such double membranes is in treatment of bone defects with complex geometries as wound dressing material.
Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, HCI E 107, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nora
N
Hild
Oliver D
OD
Schneider
Dirk
D
Mohn
Norman A
NA
Luechinger
Fabian M
FM
Koehler
Sandra
S
Hofmann
Jolanda R
JR
Vetsch
Benjamin W
BW
Thimm
Ralph
R
Müller
Wendelin J
WJ
Stark
D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D057139:Nanofibers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D023822:Tissue Engineering
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003094:Collagen; C020243:calcium phosphate