Periodontal tissue engineering after tooth replantation.
BACKGROUND
Blood-derived products, platelet-poor plasma (PPP) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP), constitute an approach in the enhancement of tissue healing. PRP has also been used as a scaffold for bone marrow stem cells in tissue engineering. This study evaluates the effect of PPP, calcium chloride-activated PRP (PRP/Ca), calcium chloride- and thrombin-activated PRP (PRP/Thr/Ca), and bone marrow mononuclear cells and PRP/Ca (BMMCs/PRP/Ca) on the healing of replanted dog teeth.


METHODS
After 30 minutes of extraction, teeth were replanted with 1) no material (control); 2) PPP; 3) PRP/Ca; 4) PRP/Thr/Ca; or 5) BMMCs/PRP/Ca. Histologic, histomorphometric, and immunohistochemical analysis was assessed 120 days after replantation. Data from histomorphometric analysis were analyzed statistically (analysis of variance, Tukey; P <0.05). Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc test (P <0.05).


RESULTS
Flow cytometry analysis showed 55.98% of CD34(+) and 32.67% of CD90/Thy-1 for BMMCs sample. BMMCs/PRP/Ca presented the largest areas of replacement resorption characterized by osseous ingrowth into cementum (P <0.05), with intense immunomarcation for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. The PRP/Ca group also showed areas of replacement resorption with significant immunomarcation for osteopontin. PRP/Thr/Ca presented no replacement resorption. PPP showed areas of inflammatory resorption, with immunomarcation for tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase.


CONCLUSIONS
The results suggest that platelets activated with thrombin play an important role in the healing of tissues after tooth replantation. Additional studies are necessary to test other materials, because PRP/Ca did not present an appropriate scaffold for undifferentiated cells in the treatment of avulsed teeth.
School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, UFPA, Pará, Brazil. lurassuncao@yahoo.com.br
Luciana
L
Reichert da Silva Assunção
Renato
R
Colenci
Caril Constante
CC
Ferreira do-Amaral
Celso Koogi
CK
Sonoda
Suely Regina
SR
Mogami Bomfim
Roberta
R
Okamoto
Marjorie
M
de Assis Golim
Elenice
E
Deffune
Célio
C
Percinoto
Sandra Helena
SH
Penha de Oliveira
D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000502:physiology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000473:pathology; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D003029:Coagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000032:analysis; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D007797:Laminin / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D053495:Osteopontin / Q000032:analysis; D010519:Periodontium / Q000502:physiology*; D010949:Plasma / Q000502:physiology; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma / Q000502:physiology; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014090:Tooth Replantation / Q000379:methods*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
D018952:Antigens, CD34; D015415:Biomarkers; D003029:Coagulants; D024061:Collagen Type III; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007797:Laminin; D018800:Thy-1 Antigens; D053495:Osteopontin; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase; D013917:Thrombin; D002122:Calcium Chloride