Exogenous estrogen does not attenuate the association between rofecoxib and myocardial infarction in perimenopausal women.
Rofecoxib has been proposed to increase the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) through suppression of cyclooxygenase 2–mediated prostacyclin. Estrogen may have protective effects through augmenting cyclooxygenase 2 expression and subsequently increasing prostacyclin. Estrogen may attenuate the association between rofecoxib and MI. We used 1999–2002 Medicaid claims data to measure the MI hazard ratio (HR) attributed to rofecoxib exposure in estrogen-exposed and unexposed 45- to 65-year-old women.We identified 184,169 female rofecoxib users who contributed 309,504 person-years and experienced 1217 first MIs. Estrogen exposure seemed protective [MI-HR 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.62–0.84] in this cohort. Rofecoxib was associated with an elevated MI-HR in both estrogen-exposed (2.01; 95% CI, 1.60–2.54) and estrogen-unexposed women (1.69; 95% CI, 1.43–1.99). The rofecoxib–estrogen interaction ratio was not significantly different from 1 (1.19; 95% CI, 0.91–1.57). Although estrogen use was associated with a lower risk of MI, it did not seem to attenuate the association between rofecoxib and MI.
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Newborn Care, Pennsylvania Hospital, 800 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA. kelly.wade@uphs.upenn.edu
Kelly C
KC
Wade
Jonas H
JH
Ellenberg
Tilo
T
Grosser
Colleen M
CM
Brensinger
Stephen E
SE
Kimmel
Sean
S
Hennessy
D000368:Aged; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D047648:Perimenopause / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013450:Sulfones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D007783:Lactones; D013450:Sulfones; C116926:rofecoxib