BMP signaling mediates astrocyte differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells.
Oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) can differentiate into oligodendrocytes or astrocytes, depending on cellular microenvironments. OPCs, cultured in medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) fetal bovine serum (FBS), give rise to type II astrocytes that express glial fibrillary acidic protein and a cell surface ganglioside that is recognized by A2B5 monoclonal antibody. However, the factors in FBS that direct the astrocyte differentiation are not determined. Moreover, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been reported to be involved in astrocyte differentiation of neural progenitor cells. We therefore examined whether BMPs are responsible for the serum-mediated astrocyte differentiation from OPCs. OPCs were isolated from the spinal cords of Wistar rat embryos (at day 14) using the A2B5 antibody. We measured the concentrations of BMP-2 and BMP-4 in FBS and rat and human sera and the expression of mRNAs for three types of BMP receptors (BMPRIa, Ib and II) in OPCs by RT-PCR. The serum samples of the three species contained BMP-2 and BMP-4, as judged by ELISA with each monoclonal antibody, and the BMP receptor mRNAs are expressed in OPCs. When OPCs were cultured in the medium containing 10% FBS, cells (more than 95%) differentiated into type II astrocytes. However, when OPCs were pretreated with noggin, a soluble antagonist of BMP action, the degree of astrocyte differentiation was markedly decreased from 95.39 to 38.36%. Taken together, these results suggest that BMP signaling may be responsible for the serum-mediated astrocyte differentiation of OPCs. Our findings provide new insights into the molecular basis of differentiation of OPCs.
Anhui Key Laboratory of Tissue Transplantation, Bengbu Medical College, and Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, PR China. jghu.hzlv@yahoo.com
Jian-Guo
JG
Hu
He-Zuo
HZ
Lü
Yan-Xia
YX
Wang
Ming-Sheng
MS
Bao
Bao-Ming
BM
Zhao
Jian-Sheng
JS
Zhou
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D000099176:Noggin Protein
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000099176:Noggin Protein