Generation of endosomolytic reagents by branching of cell-penetrating peptides: tools for the delivery of bioactive compounds to live cells in cis or trans.
We describe the synthesis and cellular delivery properties of multivalent and branched delivery systems consisting of cell-penetrating peptides assembled onto a peptide scaffold using native chemical ligation. A trimeric delivery system presenting three copies of the prototypical cell-penetrating peptide TAT shows an endosomolytic activity much higher than its monomeric and dimeric counterparts. This novel reagent promotes the endosomal release of macromolecules internalized into cells by endocytosis, and as a result, it can be used to achieve cytosolic delivery of bioactive but cell-impermeable macromolecules in either cis (covalent conjugation) or trans (simple coincubation).
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128, USA.
Alfredo M
AM
Angeles-Boza
Alfredo
A
Erazo-Oliveras
Ya-Jung
YJ
Lee
Jean-Philippe
JP
Pellois
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001688:Biological Products / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D004705:Endocytosis; D011992:Endosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
D001688:Biological Products; D057846:Cell-Penetrating Peptides; D011108:Polymers; D019793:Fluorescein