Postnatal exposure to N-ethyl-N-nitrosurea disrupts the subventricular zone in adult rodents.
N-ethyl-N-nitrosurea (ENU), a type of N-nitrous compound (NOC), has been used as inductor for brain tumours due to its mutagenic effect on the rodent embryo. ENU also affected adult neurogenesis when administered during pregnancy. However, no studies have investigated the effect of ENU when exposured during adulthood. For this purpose, three experimental groups of adult mice were injected with ENU at different doses and killed shortly after exposure. When administered in adult mice, ENU did not form brain tumours but led to a disruption of the subventricular zone (SVZ), an adult neurogenic region. Analyses of the samples revealed a reduction in the numbers of neural progenitors compared with control animals, and morphological changes in ependymal cells. A significant decrease in proliferation was tested in vivo with 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine administration and confirmed in vitro with a neurosphere assay. Cell death, assessed as active-caspase-3 reactivity, was more prominent in treated animals and cell death-related populations increased in parallel. Two additional groups were maintained for 45 and 120 days after five doses of ENU to study the potential regeneration of the SVZ, but only partial recovery was detected. In conclusion, exposure to ENU alters the organization of the SVZ and causes partial exhaustion of the neurogenic niche. The functional repercussion of these changes remains unknown, but exposure to NOCs implies a potential risk that needs further evaluation.
Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biologia Evolutiva, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
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V
Capilla-Gonzalez
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S
Gil-Perotin
J M
JM
Garcia-Verdugo
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000378:metabolism; D004805:Ependyma / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology
C493957:Cdkn1a protein, mouse; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds