RhoA/Rho-kinase as a therapeutic target for the male urogenital tract.
BACKGROUND
Rho-kinase (ROCK) is a serine/threonine kinase and is one of the major downstream effectors of the small guanosine triphosphatase Rho. In the past few years, evidence has been accumulating to suggest that the RhoA/ROCK system may play an important role in the pathogenesis of a number of cardiovascular and urogenital disorders.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is to review the literature pertaining to the role of the RhoA/ROCK system in male urogenital function.


METHODS
Comprehensive literature review was performed using PubMed.


METHODS
Inhibitors of ROCK may have potential therapeutic applications, as derived from preclinical and a few clinical studies.


RESULTS
Published reports suggest that elevated RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling plays a role in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia, erectile dysfunction, kidney failure, ejaculation disorders, prostate and bladder cancer initiation, and eventual metastasis.


CONCLUSIONS
This review focuses on our current understanding of the role of the RhoA/Rho-kinase pathway in the regulation of the male urogenital system. Rho-kinase inhibitors may evolve into an important pharmacologic option in the future treatment of urogenital system disorders.
Tulane Health Sciences Center, Department of Urology, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Serap
S
Gur
Philip J
PJ
Kadowitz
Wayne J G
WJ
Hellstrom
D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D052801:Male Urogenital Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014513:Ureter / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein