Differential expression of flavonoid biosynthesis genes and accumulation of phenolic compounds in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum).
Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is a short-season grain crop that is a source of rutin and other phenolic compounds. In this study, we isolated the cDNAs of 11 F. esculentum enzymes in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway, namely, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL) 1 and 2, chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase (F3'H), flavonol synthase (FLS) 1 and 2, and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that these genes were most highly expressed in the stems and roots. However, high performance liquid chromatography analysis indicated that their flavonoid products, such as rutin and catechin, accumulated in the flowers and leaves. These results suggested that flavonoids may be transported within F. esculentum. In addition, light and dark growth conditions affected the expression levels of the biosynthesis genes and accumulation of phenolic compounds in F. esculentum sprouts.
Department of Crop Science, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Chungnam National University, 220 Gung-Dong, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 305-754, Korea.
Xiaohua
X
Li
Nam Il
NI
Park
Hui
H
Xu
Sun-Hee
SH
Woo
Cheol Ho
CH
Park
Sang Un
SU
Park
D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053898:Biosynthetic Pathways; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019612:Fagopyrum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050564:Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D010940:Plant Proteins; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C038888:flavonoid 3'-hydroxylase; D050564:Trans-Cinnamate 4-Monooxygenase; D000217:Acyltransferases; C020141:flavanone synthetase; D010650:Phenylalanine Ammonia-Lyase