title: Influence of gene variants related to calcium homeostasis on biochemical parameters of women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the associations between polymorphisms in vitamin D receptor (VDR), parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium sensing receptor (CASR), insulin receptor (INSR), and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) genes and biochemical characteristics of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of LH, FSH, estradiol, testosterone, prolactin, SHBG, glucose, IGF-1, IGFBP-1, calcium, phosphorus, PTH, 25(OH)D, and 1,25(OH)(2) D were measured in 56 women with PCOS. Furthermore, genotyping five, one, one, two, and two polymorphisms of the VDR, PTH, CASR, INSR, and ADIPOQ genes, respectively, were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The VDR TaqI "CC" genotype was associated with elevated serum levels of LH (p = 0.011). There were significant associations between decreased levels of SHBG and both VDR BsmI "GG" (p = 0.009) and ADIPOQ BsmI "CC" (p = 0.016) genotypes. Furthermore, patients with CaSR Hin1I "TG" genotype showed higher HoMA-IR (p = 0.008). All these associations remained significant after Bonferroni correction. In addition, phosphorus correlated negatively with estradiol (r =  -0.298, P = 0.026) and positively with glucose (r = 0.287, P = 0.032).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicated for the first time that it is possible that the VDR and CASR gene variants through their effects on LH and SHBG levels, and insulin resistance are involved in pathogenesis of PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 1417613151, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ranjzad
authors.forename: Aidin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahban
authors.forename: Atena Irani
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Shemirani
authors.forename: Touraj
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mahmoudi
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vahedi
authors.forename: Abdolrahim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nikzamir
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zali
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / Q000235:genetics*; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000032:analysis; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; D002118:Calcium