title: Sinus floor augmentation using large (1-2 mm) or small (0.25-1 mm) bovine bone mineral particles: a prospective, intra-individual controlled clinical, micro-computerized tomography and histomorphometric study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the amount of newly formed bone after sinus floor augmentation with two different particle sizes of bovine bone mineral (BBM) using clinical, micro-computerized tomography (CT) and histological techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral sinus floor augmentations were performed in 10 patients. Six to 9 months later, bone samples were retrieved and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results: Both groups were not different in vertical bone height achieved after augmentation, post-operative complications and maximal torque for the insertion of implants. Micro-CT measurements could not detect a statistically significant difference in bone volume between the groups (with a tendency for new more bone in the small granules group). Histomorphometric analysis revealed that both granule sizes produced the same pattern of bone formation, surrounding the graft granules, and producing a shape of a network, "bridging" between the BBM particles. Multi-nucleated giant cells, probably osteoclasts, were observed directly on the BBM particle surface in both groups. The osteoclast-like cells preferred the small-size BBM particles and not the large particles both in the small-size and the large-size granules group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both sizes of BBM granules preformed equally and achieved the aim of the sinus floor augmentation procedure clinically and histologically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Hadassah and Hebrew University Medical Center, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Tali
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chackartchi
authors.forename: Giovana
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iezzi
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Avigdor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klinger
authors.forename: Aubrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soskolne
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piattelli
authors.forename: Lior
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shapira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000473:pathology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010316:Particle Size; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019415:Torque; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C077540:Bio-Oss; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D008903:Minerals