title: Candimine-induced cell death of the amitochondriate parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
abstract: Candimine (1), an alkaloid from the bulbs of Hippeastrum morelianum, was found to be cytotoxic for the amitochondriate parasite Trichomonas vaginalis. Candimine (1) induced cell death with an unprecedented group of effects that failed to fulfill the criteria for apoptosis and apoptosis-like death already reported in trichomonads. Arrest of the parasite cell cycle, and morphologic and ultrastructural alterations, including marked cytoplasmic vacuolization, were induced by 1. The present findings suggest some similarities to paraptotic cell death, described for multicellular organisms. This study contributes to both a better understanding of the biological effects of 1 and T. vaginalis cell biology.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Ipiranga 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Raquel B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Giordani
authors.forename: Patrícia de Brum
authors.initials: Pde B
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weizenmann
authors.forename: Denis Broock
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Rosemberg
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bonorino
authors.forename: Geraldo Attilio
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: De Carli
authors.forename: Mauricio Reis
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bogo
authors.forename: José Angelo
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zuanazzi
authors.forename: Tiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tasca
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D019668:Liliaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; C555185:candimine