title: Emerging resistant Gram-negative aerobic bacilli in hospital-acquired infections.
abstract: The increasing emergence of serious multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative infections has led to a new health-care crisis. These infections predominately include MDR Pseudomonas aeruginosa, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae and MDR Acinetobacter baumannii. These organisms are present in a variety of clinical settings, but there is a distinct paucity of antibiotics to effectively treat these infections. The increasing use of broad-spectrum antibiotics and lack of good stewardship have contributed to the increase in these MDR organisms. This review focuses on the main MDR Gram-negative infections contributing to the current crisis in health care, their mechanisms of resistance and various treatment options for empiric therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 5207 Elsmere Avenue, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. akunz@usuhs.mil
authors.forename: Anjali N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kunz
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000151:Acinetobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D040981:Acinetobacter baumannii / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001618:beta-Lactamases