title: Oral hygiene and periodontal treatment needs in children and adolescents with coeliac disease in Greece.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the factors that influence the oral hygiene and the periodontal treatment needs of children and adolescents with coeliac disease (CD) in Greece.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sample consisted of 35 children and adolescents, aged 4-18 years. The evaluation included consideration of the detailed medical history, the duration of CD and of gluten-free diet, the history of oral mucosal findings and a dental questionnaire that included information about oral hygiene habits, symptoms of periodontal disease and dental attendance. The clinical dental examination consisted of the simplified gingival index, the oral hygiene index and the periodontal screening and recording index.
  
  
  METHODS
  The chi square and logistic regression analysis were performed in order to determine the factors or parameters that had a statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) impact on oral hygiene and periodontal treatment needs of children and adolescents with CD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The periodontal treatment need of children and adolescents with CD were high and most of them needed treatment of gingivitis (60.01%) and only a few subjects had a healthy periodontium (34.29%). The periodontal treatment need index, the simplified gingival index and the hygiene index correlated statistically significantly with the presence of a coexisting disease, frequency of tooth brushing, bleeding upon brushing and oral malodor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The periodontal treatment need of children and adolescents with CD correlated with factors that related to the presence of a second medical condition and to the personal oral hygiene habits. Additionally, the oral hygiene level and periodontal status of children with CD do not have any specific characteristics but they have similarities to the oral hygiene level and periodontal status of the children of the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dental School, Athens University, Athens, Greece. atsami@dent.uoa.gr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsami
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petropoulou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Panayiotou
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mantzavinos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roma-Giannikou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000150:complications*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003728:Dental Calculus / Q000150:complications*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006209:Halitosis / Q000150:complications; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009911:Oral Hygiene Index; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000150:complications