title: Effectiveness of esterified whey proteins fractions against Egyptian Lethal Avian Influenza A (H5N1).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avian influenza A (H5N1) virus is one of the most important public health concerns worldwide. The antiviral activity of native and esterified whey proteins fractions (α- lactalbumin, β- lactoglobulin, and lactoferrin) was evaluated against A/chicken/Egypt/086Q-NLQP/2008 HPAI (H5N1) strain of clade 2.2.1 (for multiplicity of infection (1 MOI) after 72 h of incubation at 37 °C in the presence of 5% CO₂) using MDCK cell lines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the native and esterified lactoferrin seem to be the most active antiviral protein among the tested samples, followed by β- lactoglobulin. α-Lactalbumin had less antiviral activity even after esterification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esterification of whey proteins fractions especially lactoferrin and β-lactoglobulin enhanced their antiviral activity against H5N1 in a concentration dependent manner.
authors.affiliation: Dairy Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Egypt. soad_hassantaha@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Soad H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: Mona A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mehrez
authors.forename: Mahmoud Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Sitohy
authors.forename: Abdel Gawad I
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Abou Dawood
authors.forename: Mahmoud M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abd-El Hamid
authors.forename: Walid H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Kilany
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001717:Birds; D002460:Cell Line; D004285:Dogs; D004534:Egypt; D004951:Esterification; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins