title: Duodenal-jejunal bypass surgery does not increase skeletal muscle insulin signal transduction or glucose disposal in Goto-Kakizaki type 2 diabetic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Duodenal-jejunal bypass (DJB) has been shown to reverse type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, a rodent model of non-obese T2DM. Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is a hallmark decrement in T2DM. The aim of the current work was to investigate the effects of DJB on skeletal muscle insulin signal transduction and glucose disposal. It was hypothesized that DJB would increase skeletal muscle insulin signal transduction and glucose disposal in GK rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  DJB was performed in GK rats. Sham operations were performed in GK and nondiabetic Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats. At 2 weeks post-DJB, oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) was measured. At 3 weeks post-DJB, insulin-induced signal transduction and glucose disposal were measured in skeletal muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In GK rats and compared to sham operation, DJB did not (1) improve fasting glucose or insulin, (2) improve OGTT, or (3) increase skeletal muscle insulin signal transduction or glucose disposal. Interestingly, skeletal muscle glucose disposal was similar between WKY-Sham, GK-Sham, and GK-DJB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bypassing of the proximal small intestine does not increase skeletal muscle glucose disposal. The lack of skeletal muscle insulin resistance in GK rats questions whether this animal model is adequate to investigate the etiology and treatments for T2DM. Additionally, bypassing of the foregut may lead to different findings in other animal models of T2DM as well as in T2DM patients.
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Laboratory, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA. gavint@ecu.edu
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Gavin
authors.forename: Ruben C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: Eric Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Lukosius
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pender
authors.forename: Van
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boghossian
authors.forename: Jacqueline J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: McKernie
authors.forename: Kushal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Parikh
authors.forename: J William
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Edward B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Tapscott
authors.forename: Walter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Pories
authors.forename: G Lynis
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Dohm
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000601:surgery*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose