title: Altered mRNA expression due to acute mesenteric ischaemia in a porcine model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Messenger RNA (mRNA) changes in the small intestine in response to acute mesenteric ischaemia (AMI) could offer novel diagnostic possibilities, but have not been described. The aim was to characterize the mRNA response to experimental AMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve pigs underwent catheterisation of the superior mesenteric artery with injection of polivinylalcohol embolisation particles or sodium chloride. Laparotomy and intestinal tissue sampling were performed. Microarray analysis was performed using the GeneChip(®) whole porcine genome array.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven down-regulated cellular pathways were associated with protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Seventeen up-regulated pathways were associated with inflammatory and immunological activity, regulation of extracellular matrix and decreased cellular proliferation. Thrombospondin (THS), monocyte chemoattractant protein 1(MCP-1) and gap junction alpha 1(GJA-1) were consistently up-regulated in all embolised pigs. Genes encoding earlier proposed biomarkers for AMI were up-regulated, such as lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase, or down-regulated, such as intestinal fatty acid binding protein and glutathione S-transferase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study describes the intestinal tissue response on a gene expression level to AMI. THS, MCP-1 and GJA-1 were consistently up-regulated by ischaemia, whereas earlier proposed biomarkers for AMI were not. Gene expression may not be directly linked to the use of the corresponding proteins as potential clinical biomarkers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Institution of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. tomas.block@surgsci.uu.se
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Isaksson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Björck
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brodin
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger