title: [Pupillary disorders - diagnosis, diseases, consequences].
abstract: Examination of the pupil offers an objective evaluation of visual function as well as the vegetative pathways to the eye. Essential information is gathered within a short time. This makes pupillary inspection a valuable part of the routine ophthalmological, neurological and general medical examinations. Due to the proximity of pupillary pathways to various anatomic structures, pupillary dysfunction can be caused by a variety of disorders, some of which may be life threatening. The ophthalmologist plays a key role in detecting pupillary disorders and in directing further investigations. Therefore, one should have a good knowledge of the diagnostic significance of pupillary function and dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik, HELIOS Kliniken Schwerin. T.Wermund@gmx.de
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Wermund
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D006732:Horner Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000294:innervation*; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015840:Oculomotor Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009897:Optic Chiasm / Q000503:physiopathology; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000502:physiology; D011681:Pupil Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012025:Reflex, Pupillary / Q000502:physiology*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000503:physiopathology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D015845:Tonic Pupil / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000379:methods; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology