title: Neural correlates of interference control in adolescents with traumatic brain injury: functional magnetic resonance imaging study of the counting stroop task.
abstract: Difficulty in inhibition or cognitive control is a common and significant sequela of pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). The present study used functional MRI to examine one specific inhibitory function, interference control, in 11 adolescents, aged 12-16 years, (mean age, 15.7 years) with TBI who were at least 1 year postinjury and 11 age-matched typically developing control participants (TC) (mean age, 15.2 years). Participants completed a Counting Stroop task with 2 main conditions: (1) a neutral condition requiring the counting of animal words and (2) an interference condition in which mismatched number words were counted. Both TBI and TC adolescents activated similar networks of brain regions relevant to interference control, but the TBI group showed higher levels of activation relative to the TC group in multiple brain areas within this network, including predominantly right frontal and parietal regions. Findings of greater activation of the relevant neural network in the TBI group are consistent with recent fMRI findings using other interference control paradigms with individuals with a history of TBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0376, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tlustos
authors.forename: C-Y Peter
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Nicolay Chertkoff
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: Scott K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Shari L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wade
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008433:Mathematics; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen