title: Mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells into the peripheral blood.
abstract: Hematopoietic stem cells can be mobilized out of the bone marrow into the blood for the reconstitution of hematopoiesis following high-dose therapy. Methods to improve mobilization efficiency and yields are rapidly emerging. Traditional methods include chemotherapy with or without myeloid growth factors. Plerixafor, a novel agent that disrupts the CXCR4-CXCL12 bond, the primary hematopoietic stem cell anchor in the bone marrow, has recently been US FDA-approved for mobilizing hematopoietic stem cells in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Plerixafor and myeloid growth factors as single agents appear safe to use in family or volunteer hematopoietic stem cells donors. Plerixafor mobilizes leukemic stem cells and is not approved for use in patients with acute leukemia. Patients failing to mobilize adequate hematopoietic stem cells with myeloid growth factors can often be successfully mobilized with chemotherapy plus myeloid growth factors or with plerixafor and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.
authors.affiliation: Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0324, USA. damonl@medicine.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Lloyd E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Damon
authors.forename: Lauren E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Damon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001596:Benzylamines; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000080027:Cyclams; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization / Q000379:methods; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D001596:Benzylamines; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D000080027:Cyclams; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; C088327:plerixafor