title: Biocompatible gellan gum-reduced gold nanoparticles: cellular uptake and subacute oral toxicity studies.
abstract: Currently gold nanoparticles are being explored for drug delivery and other biomedical applications; therefore it is necessary to study the fate of such nanoparticles inside the body. The objective of the present study was to investigate the cellular uptake and toxicity of the gold nanoparticles synthesized using a microbial polysaccharide, gellan gum, as a capping and reducing agent. The cellular uptake of gold nanoparticles was studied on mouse embryonic fibroblast cells, NIH3T3 and human glioma cell line, LN-229. The cellular uptake study indicated that the gellan gum-reduced gold nanoparticles were located in cancer cells (LN-229) while no uptake was observed in normal mouse embryonic fibroblast cells (NIH3T3). The toxicity of the gold nanoparticles was evaluated by carrying out subacute 28 day oral toxicity studies in rats. Subacute administration of gum-reduced gold nanoparticles to the rats did not show any hematological or biochemical abnormalities. The weight and normal architecture of various organs did not change compared with control. The current findings, while establishing the specific uptake of nanoparticles into cancerous cells, also demonstrates that the gellan gum-reduced gold nanoparticles are devoid of toxicity in animals following oral administration.
authors.affiliation: Bharati Vidyapeeth University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune 411 038, India.
authors.forename: Sheetal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dhar
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mali
authors.forename: Subhash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bodhankar
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiras
authors.forename: B L V
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Varsha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pokharkar
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019963:Clinical Chemistry Tests; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D017612:Gold Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D006403:Hematologic Tests; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003470:Culture Media; D017612:Gold Compounds; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; C048288:gellan gum