title: Comparative study between n-6, trans and n-3 fatty acids on repeated amphetamine exposure: a possible factor for the development of mania.
abstract: In the last decades, foods rich in omega-3 (ω-3) fatty acids (FA) have been replaced by omega-6 (ω-6) and trans FA, which are found in processed foods. The influence of ω-6 (soybean oil--SO), trans (hydrogenated vegetable fat--HVF) and ω-3 (fish oil--FO) fatty acids on locomotor and oxidative stress (OS) parameters were studied in an animal model of mania. Rats orally fed with SO, HVF and FO for 8 weeks received daily injections of amphetamine (AMPH--4 mg/kg/mL-ip) for the last week of oral supplementation. HVF induced hyperactivity, increased the protein carbonyl levels in the cortex and decreased the mitochondrial viability in cortex and striatum. AMPH-treatment increased the locomotion and decreased the mitochondrial viability in all groups, but its neurotoxicity was higher in the HVF group. Similarly, AMPH administration increased the protein carbonyl levels in striatum and cortex of HVF-supplemented rats. AMPH reduced the vitamin-C plasmatic levels of SO and HVF-fed rats, whereas no change was observed in the FO group. Our findings suggest that trans fatty acids increased the oxidative damage per se and exacerbated the AMPH-induced effects. The impact of trans fatty acids consumption on neuronal diseases and its consequences in brain functions must be further evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica Toxicológica, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabíola
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trevizol
authors.forename: Dalila M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Benvegnú
authors.forename: Raquel C S
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Barcelos
authors.forename: Nardeli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Boufleur
authors.forename: Geisa S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dolci
authors.forename: Liz G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Camila S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Pase
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reckziegel
authors.forename: Verônica T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Hecson
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Segat
authors.forename: Angélica M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
authors.forename: João Batista T
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Marilise E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bürger
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D001205:Ascorbic Acid