title: Biocompatibility of orthodontic adhesives in rat subcutaneous tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of the present study was to verify the hypothesis that no difference in biocompatibility exists between different orthodontic adhesives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty male Wistar rats were used in this study and divided into five groups (n=6): Group 1 (control, distilled water), Group 2 (Concise), Group 3 (Xeno III), Group 4 (Transbond XT), and Group 5 (Transbond plus Self-Etching Primer). Two cavities were performed in the subcutaneous dorsum of each animal to place a polyvinyl sponge soaked with 2 drops of the respective adhesive in each surgical loci. Two animals of each group were sacrificed after 7, 15, and 30 days, and their tissues were analyzed by using an optical microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At day 7, Groups 3 (Transbond XT) and 4 (Xeno III) showed intense mono- and polymorphonuclear inflammatory infiltrate with no differences between them, whereas Groups 1 (control) and 2 (Concise) showed moderate mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate. At day 15, severe inflammation was observed in Group 3 (Transbond XT) compared to other groups. At day 30, the same group showed a more expressive mononuclear inflammatory infiltrate compared to other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the orthodontic adhesive analyzed, it may be concluded that Transbond XT exhibited the worst biocompatibility. However, one cannot interpret the specificity of the data generated in vivo animal models as a human response.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. lacerdaorto@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Rogério Lacerda dos
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Matheus Melo
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pithon
authors.forename: Alline Birra Nolasco
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Márcia Grillo
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Antônio Carlos de Oliveira
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ruellas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003738:Dental Cements; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C487957:Xeno III; C065742:Transbond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate