title: Conclusions from the symposium.
abstract: Despite the progressive improvement in the early outcomes of renal transplantation, longer-term outcomes such as graft and patient survival have changed little since the introduction of cyclosporine-based immunosuppression. The major causes of graft loss after the first year are, first, chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN), and, second, death with a functioning graft. Kidney transplant recipients are not a homogenous population and so careful consideration is needed to individualize care in order to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and malignancy and improve long-term outcomes. A key component will be the consideration of the early and late phases of immunosuppression and the modification of immunosuppression in order to address the specific short- and long-term risks faced by each of our kidney transplant patients. The insights presented and discussed at this symposium will help to inform the design of new clinical strategies that may hold potential for improving the quality and quantity of life of the wide range of patients that we manage on a daily basis.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Department, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain. JMCAMPIS@clinic.ub.es
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Campistol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents