title: Metformin for aging and cancer prevention.
abstract: Studies in mammals have led to the suggestion that hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia are important factors in aging. Insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling molecules that have been linked to longevity include daf-2 and InR and their homologues in mammals, and inactivation of the corresponding genes increases life span in nematodes, fruit flies and mice. It is possible that the life-prolonging effect of caloric restriction is due to decreasing IGF-1 levels. Evidence has emerged that antidiabetic drugs are promising candidates for both life span extension and prevention of cancer. Thus, antidiabetic drugs postpone spontaneous carcinogenesis in mice and rats, as well as chemical and radiation carcinogenesis in mice, rats and hamsters. Furthermore metformin seems to decrease cancer risk in diabetic patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Carcinogenesis and Oncogerontology, N.N. Petrov Research Institute of Oncology, St. Petersburg 197758, Russia. aging@mail.ru
authors.forename: Vladimir N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Anisimov
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001645:Biguanides / Q000494:pharmacology; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects*; D008687:Metformin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001645:Biguanides; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D008687:Metformin