title: Cytotoxicity of single-walled carbon nanotubes on PC12 cells.
abstract: The increasing use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in biomedical applications underlines the importance of its potential toxic effects to human health. In the present study, we first exposed PC12 cells, a commonly used in vitro model for neurotoxicity study, to two kinds of commercially available single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), to investigate the effect of SWCNTs on nervous system in vitro. The decrease of PC12 cells viability was time and dose-dependent with exposure to SWCNTs demonstrated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and morphological observation. Flow cytometry analysis showed that the PC12 cells' cycle was arrested in the G2/M phase, and their apoptotic rate induced by SWCNTs was dose-dependent. Further studies revealed SWCNTs decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), induced the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increased the level of lipid peroxide and decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and the content of glutathione (GSH) in a time and dose-dependent manner. These findings reveal that SWCNTs may induce oxidative stress to nervous system in vivo, causing the occurrence of diseases related to cellular injuries of neuronal cells, such as neurodegenerative disorders, and demonstrating the necessity of further research in vivo.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Science & Technology, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Ganjingzi District, Dalian, PR China. wangjingyun67@126.com
authors.forename: Jingyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pingping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Jiwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lijia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016195:G2 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism; D053078:Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione