title: Metabolic syndrome and mammographic density: the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.
abstract: The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with an increase in breast cancer risk. In our study, we evaluated whether the MetS was associated with an increase in percent mammographic density (MD), a breast cancer risk factor. We used linear regression and mixed models to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of the MetS and components of the MetS to percent MD in 790 premenopausal and early perimenopausal women enrolled in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). In cross-sectional analyses adjusted for body mass index (BMI), modest inverse associations were observed between percent MD and the MetS [β = -2.5, standard error (SE) = 1.9, p = 0.19], abdominal adiposity (β = -4.8, SE = 1.9, p = 0.01) and raised glucose (β = -3.7, SE = 2.4, p = 0.12). In longitudinal models adjusted for covariates including age and BMI, abdominal adiposity (β = 0.34, SE = 0.17, p = 0.05) was significantly positively associated with slower annual decline in percent MD with time. In conclusion, our results do not support the hypothesis that the MetS increases breast cancer risk via a mechanism reflected by an increase in percent MD.
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Cancer Epidemiology Program, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA. sconroy@crch.hawaii.edu
authors.forename: Shannon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Conroy
authors.forename: Lesley M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Ellen B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sternfeld
authors.forename: Gail A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Greendale
authors.forename: Laurel A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Habel
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008327:Mammography; D008593:Menopause; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors