title: Serglycin is a major proteoglycan in polarized human endothelial cells and is implicated in the secretion of the chemokine GROalpha/CXCL1.
abstract: Proteoglycan (PG) expression was studied in primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). RT-PCR analyses showed that the expression of the PG serglycin core protein was much higher than that of the extracellular matrix PG decorin and the cell surface PG syndecan-1. PG biosynthesis was further studied by biosynthetic [(35)S]sulfate labeling of polarized HUVEC. Interestingly, a major part of (35)S-PGs was secreted to the apical medium. A large portion of these PGs was trypsin-resistant, a typical feature of serglycin. The trypsin-resistant PGs were mainly of the chondroitin/dermatan sulfate type but also contained a minor heparan sulfate component. Secreted serglycin was identified by immunoprecipitation as a PG with a core protein of ∼30 kDa. Serglycin was furthermore shown to be present in perinuclear regions and in two distinct types of vesicles throughout the cytoplasm using immunocytochemistry. To search for possible serglycin partner molecules, HUVEC were stained for the chemokine growth-related oncogene α (GROα/CXCL1). Co-localization with serglycin could be demonstrated, although not in all vesicles. Serglycin did not show overt co-localization with tissue-type plasminogen activator-positive vesicles. When PG biosynthesis was abrogated using benzyl-β-D-xyloside, serglycin secretion was decreased, and the number of vesicles with co-localized serglycin and GROα was reduced. The level of GROα in the apical medium was also reduced after xyloside treatment. Together, these findings indicate that serglycin is a major PG in human endothelial cells, mainly secreted to the apical medium and implicated in chemokine secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Box 1046, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Astri J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Meen
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Øynebråten
authors.forename: Trine M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Reine
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duelli
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Svennevig
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pejler
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jenssen
authors.forename: Svein O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kolset
mesh_terms: D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D058575:Decorin / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006027:Glycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000494:pharmacology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; C546878:DCN protein, human; D058575:Decorin; D006027:Glycosides; D011509:Proteoglycans; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; C075430:serglycin; C015704:benzyl-beta-D-xyloside; D010960:Plasminogen Activators