title: The association of bullous pemphigoid with cerebrovascular disease and dementia: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between bullous pemphigoid (BP) and neurologic disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care center for immunobullous diseases and skin tumor clinics at a university hospital in Oxford, England.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety consecutive patients with BP and 141 controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age-adjusted prevalence of neurologic disease in patients and controls. Time interval between the diagnosis of neurologic disease and BP and type of associated neurologic disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least 1 neurologic diagnosis was present in 42 patients (46%) compared with 16 controls (11%). Patients had significantly increased odds for neurologic diseases regardless of age and sex (crude odds ratio [OR], 6.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.5-13.3; adjusted OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 3.1-12.4). Four major neurologic diagnoses were observed (cerebrovascular disease, dementia, Parkinson disease, and epilepsy), with statistical significance for cerebrovascular disease and dementia (crude OR for cerebrovascular disease, 6.3; 95% CI, 2.8-14.2; adjusted OR, 6.0; 95% CI, 2.6-13.6; crude OR for dementia, 10.7; 95% CI, 2.3-49.0; adjusted OR, 7.9; 95% CI, 1.7-37.3). When accurate data on time of onset of neurologic disease were present (36 of 42 patients [85%]), BP followed neurologic disease in most patients (26 of 36 patients [72%]), with a median interval of 5.5 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bullous pemphigoid is significantly associated with cerebrovascular disease and dementia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Oxford Radcliffe Hospitals, Old Road, Headington, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. kattag@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taghipour
authors.forename: Ching-Chi
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Groves
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venning
authors.forename: Fenella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wojnarowska
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications; D010391:Pemphigoid, Bullous / Q000150:complications*