title: Toxicological responses of Cyprinus carpio after exposure to a commercial herbicide containing imazethapyr and imazapic.
abstract: Cyprinus carpio was exposed to imazethapyr and imazapic at laboratory and at field conditions. The laboratory experiment was carried out for 7 days and at rice field for 7, 30 and 90 days. Oxidative stress parameters and antioxidant profile were studied as well as metabolic parameters. After 7 days, brain AChE activity increases in laboratory and field, but in muscle, reduction was observed only in laboratory. At the same period, brain and muscle TBARS and liver CAT increase in the laboratory. Metabolic parameters showed changes in both conditions and exposure periods. After 30 days in rice field, brain AChE activity decreases and in muscle it was enhanced. After 90 days in field, only muscle AChE activity was reduced. The disorders in oxidative stress parameters and metabolism remained, indicating mainly a protein catabolism. This study pointed out short- and long-term effects of rice herbicides at environmentally relevant concentrations on toxicological parameters in tissues of C. carpio.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bioquímica Adaptativa, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 97105.900 Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Bibiana Silveira
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Bárbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Clasen
authors.forename: Vania Lucia
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Loro
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pretto
authors.forename: Cândida
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toni
authors.forename: Luis Antonio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Avila
authors.forename: Enio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchesan
authors.forename: Sérgio Luiz de Oliveira
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zanella
authors.forename: Geovane Boschmann
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Reimche
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009132:Muscles / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009539:Nicotinic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006540:Herbicides; D007093:Imidazoles; D009539:Nicotinic Acids; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C093630:imazethapyr; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C481028:imazapic