title: Cognitive functions among euthymic bipolar I patients after a single manic episode versus recurrent episodes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a growing consensus that persistent cognitive deficits are common in patients with bipolar disorders even when they are euthymic.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to assess objectively the presence of cognitive deficits in bipolar patients in remission, and to correlate these deficits with the recurrence of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cognitive functions (executive function, memory, intelligence, attention and concentration) of a group of euthymic bipolar patients after a single manic episode were compared to cognitive functions of patients who experienced recurrent episodes, both groups were assessed during remission. The results were compared with a control group, using SPSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Euthymic bipolar patients assessed after a single manic episode showed impairment in attention, executive functions and total memory score in comparison to healthy control subjects. While they performed better than Euthymic bipolar patients assessed after recurrent bipolar episodes as regards attention and executive function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bipolar disorder is associated with attention, memory and executive dysfunction. Attention and executive dysfunction is deteriorated by the recurrence of bipolar episodes.
authors.affiliation: Ain Shams University, Institute of Psychiatry, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Heba H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Elshahawi
authors.forename: Heba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Essawi
authors.forename: Menan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rabie
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Zeinab A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Beshry
authors.forename: Ahmed N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Mansour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D056344:Executive Function; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012008:Recurrence; D055815:Young Adult