title: Myeloid growth factors as anti-infective measures in children with leukemia and lymphoma.
abstract: Clinical trials in children treated for leukemia and lymphoma demonstrated that the hematopoietic colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) granulocyte (G) and granulocyte-macrophage (GM) CSFs ameliorate duration and depth of neutropenia, and also seem to decrease antibiotic usage and hospitalization. However, neither G-CSF nor GM-CSF significantly reduced the risk for infectious complications, such as febrile neutropenia or documented infections, or improved overall survival in these patient populations. Since it is unclear whether G- and GM-CSF may increase the risk for relapse in subgroups of patients with leukemia, guidelines recommend that hematopoietic growth factors should be used with caution in children with leukemia and lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital III, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt, Germany. thomas.lehrnbecher@kgu.de
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehrnbecher
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Creutzig
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor