title: The effects of the insecticide lambda-Cyhalothrin on the earthworm Eisenia fetida under experimental conditions of tropical and temperate regions.
abstract: Plant Protection Products can affect soil organisms and thus might have negative impacts on soil functions. Little research has been performed on their impact on tropical soils. Therefore, the effects of the insecticide lambda-Cyhalothrin on earthworms were evaluated in acute and chronic laboratory tests modified for tropical conditions, i.e. at selected temperatures (20 and 28°C) and with two strains (temperate and tropical) of the compost worm Eisenia fetida. The insecticide was spiked in two natural soils, in OECD artificial soil and a newly developed tropical artificial soil. The effects of lambda-Cyhalothrin did rarely vary in the same soil at tropical (LC50: 68.5-229 mg a.i./kg dry weight (DW); EC50: 54.2-60.2 mg a.i./kg DW) and temperate (LC50: 99.8-140 mg a.i./kg DW; EC50: 37.4-44.5 mg a.i./kg DW) temperatures. In tests with tropical soils and high temperature, effect values differed by up to a factor of ten.
authors.affiliation: Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental, Rod. AM-10, Km 28, 69.011-970 Manaus, AM, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scheffczyk
authors.forename: Terezinha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Römbke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013696:Temperature; D014329:Tropical Climate
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C037304:cyhalothrin