title: Molecular histopathology by spectrally reconstructed nonlinear interferometric vibrational imaging.
abstract: Sensitive assays for rapid quantitative analysis of histologic sections, resected tissue specimens, or in situ tissue are highly desired for early disease diagnosis. Stained histopathology is the gold standard but remains a subjective practice on processed tissue taking from hours to days. We describe a microscopy technique that obtains a sensitive and accurate color-coded image from intrinsic molecular markers. Spectrally reconstructed nonlinear interferometric vibrational imaging can differentiate cancer versus normal tissue sections with greater than 99% confidence interval in a preclinical rat breast cancer model and define cancer boundaries to ± 100 μm with greater than 99% confidence interval, using fresh unstained tissue sections imaged in less than 5 minutes. By optimizing optical sources and beam delivery, this technique can potentially enable real-time point-of-care optical molecular imaging and diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Praveen D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Chowdary
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Chaney
authors.forename: Wladimir A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Benalcazar
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gruebele
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Boppart
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods*; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000473:pathology*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D051381:Rats; D011920:Rats, Inbred WF; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods*; D014732:Vibration
chemical_list: D008770:Methylnitrosourea