title: Carbonic anhydrase IX expression in renal neoplasms: correlation with tumor type and grade.
abstract: Carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), a hypoxia-induced protein, is expressed in some renal tumors. We evaluated its immunohistochemical expression in 317 primary and 42 metastatic renal neoplasms (186 clear cell, 52 papillary, 35 chromophobe, 47 unclassified, and 15 Xp11.2 translocation renal cell carcinomas [RCCs]; 26 oncocytomas; 2 metanephric adenomas; 1 urothelial carcinoma; 1 mixed epithelial and stromal tumor; and 1 angiomyolipoma); 7 neoplasms were unknown as to whether they were primary or metastatic. We also correlated expression with tumor type and grade. Variable staining was seen in clear cell, papillary, unclassified, and Xp11.2 translocation carcinomas. One chromophobe carcinoma had focal expression. No staining was seen with other tumors. An association was found between high expression and clear cell vs non-clear cell carcinomas with all cases (P < .01) and primary (P < .01) cases. An association between CAIX expression and grade (P < .01) in primary clear cell carcinomas was found. CAIX expression is more common in clear cell RCC than other renal tumor types and is associated with grade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Genega
authors.forename: Musie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghebremichael
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Najarian
authors.forename: Yineng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pedram
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Argani
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grisanzio
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Signoretti
mesh_terms: D018249:Adenoma, Oxyphilic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000556:secondary; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000556:secondary; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases