title: Echocardiogram-gated computed tomographic and magnetic resonance angiographies for the detection of pulsatile expansion at the intracranial arterial bifurcation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the pulsatile small vascular lesion by echocardiogram (ECG)-gated computed tomographic (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) angiographies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven patients who exhibited small evagination at the cerebral artery bifurcations on 3-dimensional (3D) time-of-flight MR angiogram were enrolled. They were examined by conventional/ECG-gated CT angiogram (n = 6) and ECG-gated MR angiogram (n = 5). Echocardiogram-gated MR angiogram was performed with 3D time of flight, triggered after each time window. From ECG-gated CT and MR angiograms, consecutive 10-phase images within a single cardiac cycle were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pulsatile change of evagination was demonstrated on both ECG-gated CT angiogram (5 of 6 patients) and ECG-gated MR angiogram (all 5 patients). Flattening of the evagination during the diastolic phase was observed in 4 of 6 ECG-gated CT angiograms and 3 of 5 ECG-gated MR angiograms. Of note was a patient with a tiny evagination (<2 × 1 mm); pulsatile change was demonstrated only by ECG-gated MR angiogram.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pulsatile expansion of evagination at the cerebral artery bifurcation can be demonstrated on ECG-gated CT/MR angiograms.
authors.affiliation: Hanyang University Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Young-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae-Sub
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Yoon-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Rhim
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Thomas K F
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Foo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003287:Contrast Media; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007472:Iohexol; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol