title: [Effect of varying lingual traction forces on the space-closing speed in a typodont model].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influences of varying lingual traction forces on the space-closing speed in a typodont model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two Angle Class I standard typodont models of bimaxillary teeth protrusion were divided into 7 equal groups. Four regions of the model were paired to groups, and in the odd-numbered models, the top left and bottom left regions served as the experimental group and the top right and bottom right regions as the control group; in the even-numbered models, the regions in the model were grouped oppositely. In the experimental group, the space was closed by niti wire extension spring in the buccal ridge combined with lingual elastic traction of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30 g. In the control group, the space was closed by exclusive niti wire extension spring in the buccal ridge. The space-closing speed were analyzed in all the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The space-closing speed was significantly lower in the control group than in the experimental groups with lingual traction forces of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g (P<0.05), but a traction force of 30 g resulted in a significantly lower speed than that in the control group (P<0.05). The space closing speed was the greatest in the experimental group with a traction force of 15 g (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Niti wire extension spring in the buccal ridge combined with lingual elastic traction results in faster space-closing speed than traditional exclusive niti wire extension spring. The speed is the fastest by applying 15 g lingual traction, which is also associated with the lowest slip resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou 543002, China. dwziuv@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Wen-zheng
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Wei-fang
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Yong-lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Ming-hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Shu-fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003765:Models, Dental; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D014143:Traction