title: Localization of herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA in latently infected BALB/c mice neurons using in situ polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) establishes a lifelong latent infection in neurons following primary infection. The existence of latent HSV-1 DNA in the trigeminal ganglia of infected BALB/c mice was examined using a direct in situ PCR technique, based on Digoxigenin-11-dUTP detection system with anti-digoxigenin-peroxidase and 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) substrate.
  
  
  
  Eight-week-old male BALB/c mice were inoculated via the eye by 104 plaque forming unit of wild type Iranian isolates of HSV-1. After establishment of latency, trigeminal ganglia were removed and examined using in situ PCR to detect HSV-1 genome. Finally, the results of in situ PCR were verified by a two-round PCR method, using amplification cocktail of in situ reaction, as a template for a conventional gel base PCR.
  
  
  
  The results suggest that a direct in situ PCR method using a peroxidase and DAB detection system is a useful means for detection of latent HSV-1 DNA in the latently infected ganglia.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Behzad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khansarinejad
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hoorieh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soleimanjahi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Virology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghaemi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 
  P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Taki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tiraihi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, 
  P. O. Box 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Shahram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pour Beiranvand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000821:virology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D013937:Thymidine Kinase