title: Multimodal BCI-mediated FES suppression of pathological tremor.
abstract: Tremor constitutes the most common movement disorder; in fact 14.5% of population between 50 to 89 years old suffers from it. Moreover, 65% of patients with upper limb tremor report disability when performing their activities of daily living (ADL). Unfortunately, 25% of patients do not respond to drugs or neurosurgery. In this regard, TREMOR project proposes functional compensation of upper limb tremors with a soft wearable robot that applies biomechanical loads through functional electrical stimulation (FES) of muscles. This wearable robot is driven by a Brain Neural Computer Interface (BNCI). This paper presents a multimodal BCI to assess generation, transmission and execution of both volitional and tremorous movements based on electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG) and inertial sensors (IMUs). These signals are combined to obtain: 1) the intention to perform a voluntary movement from cortical activity (EEG), 2) tremor onset, and an estimation of tremor frequency from muscle activation (EMG), and 3) instantaneous tremor amplitude and frequency from kinematic measurements (IMUs). Integration of this information will provide control signals to drive the FES-based wearable robot.
authors.affiliation: Bioengineering Group, CSIC, Madrid, Spain. erocon@iai.csic.es
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rocon
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gallego
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barrios
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Victoria
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ibanez
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Negro
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Dideriksen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Conforto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: D'Alessio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Severini
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Belda-Lois
authors.forename: L Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Popovic
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grimaldi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manto
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pons
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor; D006801:Humans; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D009068:Movement; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D014202:Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014584:User-Computer Interface