title: Locked doors: a survey of patients, staff and visitors.
abstract: • Locking of psychiatric wards doors is more frequent, but the impact is unknown. • Staff patients and visitors returned a questionnaire about the issue. • Patients did not like the door being locked as much as staff, and being on a locked ward was associated with greater rejection of the practice. • Staff working on locked wards were more positive about it than those who did not.
  Locking the door of adult acute psychiatric wards has become increasingly common in the UK. There has been little investigation of its efficacy or acceptability in comparison to other containment methods. We surveyed the beliefs and attitudes of patients, staff and visitors to the practice of door locking in acute psychiatry. Wards that previously participated in a previous study were contacted and sent a questionnaire. A total of 1227 responses were obtained, with the highest number coming from staff, and the smallest from visitors. Analysis identified five factors (adverse effects, staff benefits, patient safety benefits, patient comforts and cold milieu). Patients were more negative about door locking than the staff, and more likely to express such negative judgments if they were residing in a locked ward. For staff, being on a locked ward was associated with more positive judgments about the practice. There were significant age, gender and ethnicity effects for staff only. Each group saw the issue of locked doors from their own perspective. Patients registered more anger, irritation and depression as a consequence of locked doors than staff or visitors thought they experienced. These differences were accentuated by the actual experience of the ward being locked.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, City University, London, UK. l.bowers@city.ac.uk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haglund
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muir-Cochrane
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nijman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Der Merwe
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003068:Coercion; D003134:Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders; D003469:Culture; D003625:Data Collection; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011567:Psychiatric Department, Hospital; D017751:Safety Management; D012637:Security Measures; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014789:Visitors to Patients / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult