title: Engineering analysis of an unreported complication of septoplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a cause of recurrent nasal obstructive symptoms after septoplasties including the creation of a sizable submucous window and to suggest treatments for this complication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report of a woman presenting with side-changing nasal dyspnea approximately 1 year after undergoing septoplasty and engineering analysis of nasal cavity airflow. We created a computer model of the airway, analyzed varying sizes of surgical defects, and optimized the geometry of the submucous window.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An optimum area of resection to maximize the area of cartilage and/or bone resected and to minimize deflection of the septal area of iatrogenic litheness is a rectangular shape approximately 44 mm long by 12 mm high in our model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A large submucous window can result in obstruction of nasal airflow after septoplasty owing to displacement of this compliant area with respiration under the forces described in the Bernoulli theorem. Treatment may include turbinate reduction and/or septal reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, 34520 Bob Wilson Dr, Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92134-2200, USA.
authors.forename: Curtis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaball
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lovald
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Khraishi
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eisbach
authors.forename: Bret
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D010781:Photography; D012008:Recurrence; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014420:Turbinates / Q000601:surgery