title: Mouse mandible contains distinctive mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: Although human orofacial bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells showed differentiation traits distinctly different from those of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from long bone marrow (BMMSCs), mouse MSCs derived from orofacial bone have not been isolated due to technical difficulties, which in turn precludes the use of mouse models to study and cure orofacial diseases. In this study, we developed techniques to isolate and expand mouse orofacial bone/bone-marrow-derived MSCs (OMSCs) from mandibles and verified their MSC characteristics by single-colony formation, multi-lineage differentiation, and in vivo tissue regeneration. Activated T-lymphocytes impaired OMSCs via the Fas/Fas ligand pathway, as occurs in BMMSCs. Furthermore, we found that OMSCs are distinct from BMMSCs with respect to regulating T-lymphocyte survival and proliferation. Analysis of our data suggests that OMSCs are a unique population of MSCs and play an important role in systemic immunity.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  BMMSC, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell; HA/TCP, hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate; OMSC, orofacial mesenchymal stem cell; OVX, ovariectomized.
authors.affiliation: Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, University of Southern California School of Dentistry, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaza
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000950:Antigens, Ly / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017209:Apoptosis; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D017886:Durapatite; D008334:Mandible / Q000166:cytology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008819:Mice, Nude; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010052:Ovariectomy; D012038:Regeneration; D055746:Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D000950:Antigens, Ly; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C074650:Ly6a protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; D055746:Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens; C066584:stage-specific embryonic antigen-4; D017886:Durapatite; C018392:tricalcium phosphate