title: Design and dosimetry characteristics of a commercial applicator system for intra-operative electron beam therapy utilizing ELEKTA Precise accelerator.
abstract: The design concept and dosimetric characteristics of a new applicator system for intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) are presented in this work. A new hard-docking commercial system includes polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) applicators with different diameters and applicator end angles and a set of secondary lead collimators. A telescopic device allows changing of source-to-surface distance (SSD). All measurements were performed for 6, 9, 12 and 18 MeV electron energies. Output factors and percentage depth doses (PDD) were measured in a water phantom using a plane-parallel ion chamber. Isodose contours and radiation leakage were measured using a solid water phantom and radiographic films. The dependence of PDD on SSD was checked for the applicators with the smallest and the biggest diameters. SSD dependence of the output factors was measured. Hardcopies of PDD and isodose contours were prepared to help the team during the procedure on deciding applicator size and energy to be chosen. Applicator output factors are a function of energy, applicator size and applicator type. Dependence of SSD correction factors on applicator size and applicator type was found to be weak. The same SSD correction will be applied for all applicators in use for each energy. The radiation leakage through the applicators is clinically acceptable. The applicator system enables effective collimation of electron beams for IORT. The data presented are sufficient for applicator, energy and monitor unit selection for IORT treatment of a patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nevelsky
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bernstein
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bar-Deroma
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuten
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orion
mesh_terms: D004583:Electrons; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D010315:Particle Accelerators / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy