title: Circulating cytokines are associated with human islet graft function in type 1 diabetes.
abstract: Islet cell transplantation has considerable potential as a cure for type 1 diabetes, but recurrent autoimmunity and allograft rejection in which both cytokines play an important role are major obstacles. Using a new approach considering confounders by regression analysis, we investigated circulating cytokines and their association with graft function in type 1 diabetes patients who underwent either simultaneous islet kidney (SIK) or islet after kidney (IAK) transplantation. After transplantation, interleukin (IL)-10 was lower in SIK recipients with subsequent loss of graft function in comparison to recipients maintaining graft function. Before transplantation, high IL-13 and IL-18 concentrations were prospectively associated for subsequent loss of graft function in IAK recipients, whereas in SIK recipients, high macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) concentrations were associated with subsequent loss of graft function. Circulating cytokines are associated with islet graft function in patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes when considering confounders.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Diabetology, German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Center for Diabetes Research at Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pfleger
authors.forename: Nanette C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Schloot
authors.forename: Mathias D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Brendel
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Burkart
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hogenkamp
authors.forename: Reinhard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Bretzel
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jaeger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eckhard
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000961:Antilymphocyte Serum; D016207:Cytokines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D001379:Azathioprine