title: Differential activity of subgenual cingulate and brainstem in panic disorder and PTSD.
abstract: Most functional neuroimaging studies of panic disorder (PD) have focused on the resting state, and have explored PD in relation to healthy controls rather than in relation to other anxiety disorders. Here, PD patients, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients, and healthy control subjects were studied with functional magnetic resonance imaging utilizing an instructed fear conditioning paradigm incorporating both Threat and Safe conditions. Relative to PTSD and control subjects, PD patients demonstrated significantly less activation to the Threat condition and increased activity to the Safe condition in the subgenual cingulate, ventral striatum and extended amygdala, as well as in midbrain periaquaeductal grey, suggesting abnormal reactivity in this key region for fear expression. PTSD subjects failed to show the temporal pattern of activity decrease found in control subjects.
authors.affiliation: Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, United States. oliver.tuescher@uniklinik-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tuescher
authors.forename: Xenia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Protopopescu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Marylene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cloitre
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Root
authors.forename: Almut
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engelien
authors.forename: Daniella
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Furman
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Yihong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LeDoux
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silbersweig
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000502:physiology*; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology*