title: Discovery and characterization of sulfoxaflor, a novel insecticide targeting sap-feeding pests.
abstract: The discovery of sulfoxaflor [N-[methyloxido[1-[6-(trifluoromethyl)-3-pyridinyl]ethyl]-λ(4)-sulfanylidene] cyanamide] resulted from an investigation of the sulfoximine functional group as a novel bioactive scaffold for insecticidal activity and a subsequent extensive structure-activity relationship study. Sulfoxaflor, the first product from this new class (the sulfoximines) of insect control agents, exhibits broad-spectrum efficacy against many sap-feeding insect pests, including aphids, whiteflies, hoppers, and Lygus, with levels of activity that are comparable to those of other classes of insecticides targeting sap-feeding insects, including the neonicotinoids. However, no cross-resistance has been observed between sulfoxaflor and neonicotinoids such as imidacloprid, apparently the result of differences in susceptibility to oxidative metabolism. Available data are consistent with sulfoxaflor acting via the insect nicotinic receptor in a complex manner. These observations reflect the unique structure of the sulfoximines compared with neonicotinoids.
authors.affiliation: Dow AgroSciences, R&D, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, Indiana 46268, United States.
authors.forename: Yuanming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Loso
authors.forename: Gerald B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Sparks
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Jim X
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: B Clifford
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Gerwick
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Babcock
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: Vidyadhar B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nugent
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Renga
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Denholm
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.forename: Gerrit J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: DeBoer
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hasler
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001042:Aphids; D006430:Hemiptera; D007093:Imidazoles; D007313:Insecta; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry*; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D011725:Pyridines; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D013457:Sulfur Compounds; C082359:imidacloprid; C560328:sulfoxaflor