title: Biology of FGFRL1, the fifth fibroblast growth factor receptor.
abstract: FGFRL1 (fibroblast growth factor receptor like 1) is the most recently discovered member of the FGFR family. It contains three extracellular Ig-like domains similar to the classical FGFRs, but it lacks the protein tyrosine kinase domain and instead contains a short intracellular tail with a peculiar histidine-rich motif. The gene for FGFRL1 is found in all metazoans from sea anemone to mammals. FGFRL1 binds to FGF ligands and heparin with high affinity. It exerts a negative effect on cell proliferation, but a positive effect on cell differentiation. Mice with a targeted deletion of the Fgfrl1 gene die perinatally due to alterations in their diaphragm. These mice also show bilateral kidney agenesis, suggesting an essential role for Fgfrl1 in kidney development. A human patient with a frameshift mutation exhibits craniosynostosis, arguing for an additional role of FGFRL1 during bone formation. FGFRL1 contributes to the complexity of the FGF signaling system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Switzerland. beat.trueb@dkf.unibe.ch
authors.forename: Beat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trueb
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000378:metabolism*; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006493:Heparin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010932:Planarians; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D051500:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 5 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: C417531:FGFRL1 protein, human; D051500:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 5; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D006493:Heparin