title: Hypocholesterolemic activity from the leaf extracts of Cnidoscolus chayamansa.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the hypocholesterolemic activity of Cnidoscolus chayamansa. In an in vivo model, high-cholesterol diet administered to mice Balb/c induced hypercholesterolemia. Three extracts from Cnidoscolus chayamansa (ethanol, methanol and an aqueous extract) were tested on hypercholesterolemic mice. Active extracts were assessed against the in vitro inhibitory activity of the same three extracts on the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme by using Vero cells. The specific chemical groups present in the phytochemical extracts were also determined. Only the aqueous extract (at either doses employed) showed a significant cholesterol reduction (27.9 and 31.1%, for 50 and 100 mg kg(-1), respectively P<0.01). The extract did not inhibit the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, suggesting that its compounds act at another level in cholesterol metabolism. Reactions to secondary metabolites indicate the presence of alkaloids in the aqueous and ethanol extracts and phenol hydroxyls in the ethanol and methanol extracts.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas, Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Pedro de Alba s/n, Cd. Universitaria, 66450, San Nicolas de los Garza, Nuevo Leon, Mexico.
authors.forename: Lylia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miranda-Velasquez
authors.forename: Azucena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oranday-Cardenas
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lozano-Garza
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rivas-Morales
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chamorro-Cevallos
authors.forename: Delia Elva
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Cruz-Vega
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D019665:Euphorbiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002784:Cholesterol; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases