title: Home compared with clinic-based screening for sexually transmitted infections: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether home-based screening for sexually transmitted infections results in a higher sexually transmitted infection screening rate compared with clinic-based screening in participants using long-acting reversible contraception.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a randomized clinical trial of women using long-acting reversible contraception methods in the Contraceptive CHOICE Project (n=558). Participants were randomly assigned to home-based testing (swabs mailed to the participant's home) or clinic-based testing. Self-collected vaginal swabs were tested for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae using strand displacement analysis. We estimated the relative risk (RR) of screening by group using Poisson regression with robust error variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The randomization groups were similar at baseline, except for marital status; the clinic group had more never-married women (62.0% compared with 51.6%), and the home group had more divorced women (12.1% compared with 5.6%, P=.007). Women in the home group were more likely to self-report screening compared with women in the clinic group in the multivariable analysis (56.3% compared with 32.9%; RR 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-2.0). When analyzed by tests received or documented in medical records, similar results were obtained (56.3% compared with 25.0%; RR 2.2; 95% CI 1.7-2.7). Women who completed screening had higher levels of education and were more likely to receive public assistance compared with those who did not complete screening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-acting reversible contraception users randomized to sexually transmitted infection screening at home were more likely to complete screening than those randomized to traditional clinic-based screening. Home-based screening may be useful in women using long-acting reversible contraceptive methods who may not present for regular screening.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ClinicalTrials.gov, www.clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01184157.
authors.affiliation: From the Division of Clinical Research, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
authors.forename: Anna S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Graseck
authors.forename: Gina M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Secura
authors.forename: Jenifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Allsworth
authors.forename: Tessa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.forename: Jeffrey F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Peipert
mesh_terms: D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D003151:Community Health Centers; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012648:Self Care; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic