title: Effects of Kurozu concentrated liquid on adipocyte size in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kurozu concentrated liquid (KCL) is used as a health-promoting supplement for the treatment of disorders such as cancer, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in Japan. We investigated the possible anti-obesity effects of KCL in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed American Institute of Nutrition 76 formula diet and were orally administrated KCL or acetic acid at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight or deionized water for 4 weeks. Adipocyte size, DNA content in subcutaneous adipose tissue, lipid levels in the serum and liver, and the rate of fatty acid excretion were determined. Effects of KCL on pancreatic lipase activity and 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation were investigated in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the KCL group, the average adipocyte size in subcutaneous and perirenal adipose tissues was significantly reduced. The KCL-administered rats displayed greater numbers of small adipocytes in the subcutaneous, perirenal and mesenteric adipose tissues than did rats from the other groups. In the KCL group, the DNA content in subcutaneous adipose tissue was significantly increased. The rate of fatty acid excretion was significantly increased in the KCL group. Furthermore, KCL significantly inhibited pancreatic lipase activity in vitro, and also significantly inhibited fat accumulation and mRNA expression of fatty acid binding protein 2 (aP2) and peroxisome proliferator-activated γ (PPARγ) in 3T3-L1 preadipocyte. The levels of serum and liver lipids, the concentration of serum glucose, and the levels of adiponectin were similar among the 3 groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral administration of KCL decreases the adipocyte size via inhibition of dietary fat absorption and reductions of PPARγ and aP2 mRNA expression levels in adipocytes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutrition Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, 6-10-1, Hakozaki, Higashi-Ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Li-Tao
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katakura
authors.forename: Sayaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baba
authors.forename: Yasutake
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Udono
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Kumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology; D000818:Animals; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009765:Obesity; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts