title: Small cell carcinoma in ulcerative colitis--new treatment option: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The most common type of carcinoma associated with ulcerative colitis (UC) is adenocarcinoma. We present a case of primary rectal small cell carcinoma in a patient with a history of UC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 34-year-old male diagnosed with UC for 10 years was not consistent with the usual annual follow-up and presented with mucoid-bloody diarrhea. Colonoscopy revealed a rectal mass 2 cm distant from the anal verge. The patient underwent a total proctocolectomy with preservation of the anal sphincters, construction of an ileal reservoir, anastomosis of the reservoir to the anus (J configuration) and protective loop ileostomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histological examination showed undifferentiated small cell carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first case of small cell carcinoma in a background of UC reported to be treated surgically and the patient and has no recurrence 18 months postoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Interbalkan European Medical Center, Thessaloniki, Greece. dr.ckosmidis@gmail.com
authors.forename: Christoforos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kosmidis
authors.forename: Christoforos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Efthimiadis
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anthimidis
authors.forename: Kalliopi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vasiliadou
authors.forename: Ioanna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tzeveleki
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fotiadis
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basdanis
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D039021:Colonic Pouches; D003113:Colonoscopy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D016737:Proctocolectomy, Restorative; D011379:Prognosis; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D055752:Small Cell Lung Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery