title: An empirical model of end-tidal CO(2) response to minute ventilation.
abstract: This paper presents an empirical model of end-tidal CO(2) (P(ET)CO(2)) response to minute ventilation (MV) for use in the closed-loop control of artificial respiration. An affine model structure consisting of a linear dynamic system followed by an affine transform is presented. It is proposed that this derives a low-order, high-fidelity representation of the respiratory process that can describe the positive and inversely proportional relationship between P(ET)CO(2) and MV. The efficacy of the model is evaluated using experimental respiratory data from 18 human subjects. The model performed well with a root-mean-squared error (RMSE) of 0.22+/-0.15mmHg and a coefficient of determination (r(2)) of 0.81+/-0.18 (mean+/-SD) when a 2(nd)-order rational transfer function was used as the linear component of the model. The physiologic implication of the model is analyzed by comparison with a traditional compartment model that is widely used in pharmacological modeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, V6T1Z4, Canada. ji:noh.hahn@alum.mit.edu
authors.forename: Jin-Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Prasad
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shrawane
authors.forename: Guy A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Dumont
authors.forename: J Mark
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ansermino
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D002648:Child; D016208:Databases, Factual; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008954:Models, Biological; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D013990:Tidal Volume / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide