title: Acute myocardial infarction is reflected in salivary matrix metalloproteinase-8 activation level.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to compare salivary and serum biomarker levels and degrees of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activation between patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and systemically healthy patients (non-AMI) with similar periodontal conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 92 patients (47 AMI and 28 non-AMI patients with gingivitis or periodontitis; and 17 systemically and periodontally healthy patients as a control group) were recruited. Clinical periodontal measurements were recorded; stimulated whole saliva and serum samples were collected. AMI patients were clinically examined within 3 to 4 days after admission to the coronary care unit. Saliva samples were analyzed for levels of MMP-8, MMP-7, and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1. Serums were tested for MMP-8, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 levels by immunofluorometric assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Molecular forms and degree of activation of salivary MMP-8, MMP-9, and MMP-13 were analyzed by computer-scanned immunoblots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total salivary MMP-8 assessed by immunofluorometric assay method and immunoblot densitometric units was higher in non-AMI than in AMI patients' saliva, but a significantly higher percentage of AMI patients' MMP-8 was activated polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) type (P <0.001) regardless of periodontal diagnosis.Serum MMP-8, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 levels were significantly higher in AMI (for all markers and all comparisons,P <0.05). Characteristic for AMI was dominance of active PMN MMP-8 in saliva [corrected].
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey. eralp.buduneli@.ege.edu.tr
authors.forename: Eralp
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buduneli
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mäntylä
authors.forename: Gülnur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emingil
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervahartiala
authors.forename: Pirkko
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pussinen
authors.forename: Nezihi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barış
authors.forename: Azem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akıllı
authors.forename: Gül
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Atilla
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13 / Q000032:analysis; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000032:analysis; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology*; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology; D012463:Saliva / Q000201:enzymology*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; C507079:MMP13 protein, human; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; C060932:MMP7 protein, human; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7; C488762:MMP8 protein, human; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9