title: Treatment failure with antagonists of TNF-α: mechanisms and implications for the care of patients.
abstract: The use of TNF-α antagonists has substantially improved the care of many patients with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. However, approximately one third of such patients fail to respond well to treatment, regardless of the antagonist used or of the underlying disease. The mechanisms underlying these failures are analyzed in this review, and proposals made concerning how best to adapt therapeutic decisions in these instances.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U996, Service de microbiologie-Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, Université Paris-Sud, 32 rue des Carnets, Clamart, France.
authors.forename: Marine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desroches
authors.forename: Gauthier
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Louis
authors.forename: Aude
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gleizes
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krzysiek
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Emilie
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D056724:Immunity, Humoral; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha