title: Imaging and Perimetry Society standards and guidelines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide readers with standards, recommendations, guidelines, and requirements for the application of perimetry to clinical ophthalmic practice and scientific study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A working group of perimetry and visual field specialists from many parts of the world constructed a document that would allow current and future perimeters to be assessed by the same criteria. Because hardware and software technology, statistical procedures and clinical conditions are constantly changing, the characteristics in this paper emphasize general concepts rather than specific implementations employed by current devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Critical aspects of perimetry included indications for perimetry, perimetric techniques, stimulus characteristics, test administration, patient preparation, data display, statistical analysis, interpretation of visual field findings, a glossary of terms and definitions, and standards for comparison of different perimetric tests. Each of these topics is discussed, along with their advantages and disadvantages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These guidelines serve as a basis for practitioners to evaluate their perimetric needs in relation to their clinical practice and patient population so that informed decisions can be made for visual field testing. In addition, these issues should be used as a cornerstone for future technological and practical improvements to the visual field diagnostic procedures.
authors.affiliation: Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sample
authors.forename: Fritz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dannheim
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Artes
authors.forename: Janko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dietzsch
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henson
authors.forename: Chris A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schiefer
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wall
mesh_terms: D003626:Data Display; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*