title: Accumulation of P(T/S)AP late domain duplications in HIV type 1 subtypes B, C, and F derived from individuals failing ARV therapy and ARV drug-naive patients.
abstract: HIV-1 budding requires short peptide motifs in p6(Gag), known as late domains, that promote the release of infectious virions. The primary late domain of HIV-1 is a Pro-(Thr/Ser)-Ala-Pro (hereafter referred to as a PTAP) motif. This motif may be completely or partially duplicated. In this work we analyzed p6(Gag) sequences from 547 isolates from drug-naive patients and 213 isolates from patients failing HAART therapy. Complete duplications within PTAP were selected during HAART therapy in all HIV-1 subtypes analyzed: B (p = 0.0338), F1 (p = 0.0294), and C (p = 0.0001). Nevertheless, the patterns of these duplications were different; subtype C isolates accumulated longer duplications and displayed a higher frequency of duplications in both treated (54%) and drug-naive isolates (23%). Accumulation of PTAP duplications within subtypes B, F1, and C during therapy suggests a potential role of the duplications in antiretroviral drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. angelbrj@biologia.ufrj.br
authors.forename: Angélica N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Mônica B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Arruda
authors.forename: Ana F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Amilcar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanuri
authors.forename: Rodrigo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Brindeiro
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017211:Treatment Failure; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D054301:gag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus