title: Assessing the variability of Brazilian Vaccinia virus isolates from a horse exanthematic lesion: coinfection with distinct viruses.
abstract: During the last bovine vaccinia (BV) outbreaks, several Vaccinia virus (VACV) strains were isolated and characterised, revealing significant polymorphisms between strains, even within conserved genes. Although the epidemiology of VACV has been studied in BV outbreaks, there is little data about the circulation of the Brazilian VACV isolates. This study describes the genetic and biological characterisation of two VACV isolates, Pelotas 1 virus (P1V) and Pelotas 2 virus (P2V), which were obtained concomitantly from a horse affected by severe cutaneous disease. Despite being isolated from the same exanthematic clinical sample, P1V and P2V showed differences in their plaque phenotype and in one-step growth curves. Moreover, P1V and P2V presented distinct virulence profiles in a BALB/c mouse model, as observed with other Brazilian VACV isolates. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of four different genes demonstrated that the isolates are segregated in different VACV clusters. Our results raise interesting questions about the diversity of VACV isolates in Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Laboratório de Vírus, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rafael K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Mário C S
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Brum
authors.forename: Carlos E W
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Betânia P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Drumond
authors.forename: Pedro A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siqueira-Lima
authors.forename: Felipe L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Assis
authors.forename: Giliane S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Trindade
authors.forename: Cláudio A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Bonjardim
authors.forename: Paulo C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weiblen
authors.forename: Eduardo F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Erna G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Kroon
authors.forename: Jônatas S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Abrahão
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D002417:Cattle; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005076:Exanthema / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral