title: Effect of mood symptoms on recovery one year after stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Depression and anxiety are the most common mood symptoms and psychological consequences of stroke. This study aimed to examine the influence of acute depression and anxiety symptoms on functional recovery and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) one year after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  At one month and one year after stroke, the prevalence and severity of depression and anxiety symptoms were examined in consecutively admitted patients, using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Functional recovery was assessed using the Nottingham Extended Activities of Daily Living (NEADL) and HRQoL using the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life scale (SSQOL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 107 patients, the prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms was 35% at one month and 36% and 34%, respectively, at one year. Depression symptoms were significantly associated with functional ability (r = -0.19, p < 0.05) and HRQoL (r = -0.41, p < 0.001) at one year. Anxiety symptoms were significantly associated with HRQoL (r = -0.33, p < 0.001) only. Multivariate analyses indicated that both depression (β = -0.33, p < 0.001) and anxiety (β = -0.26, p < 0.01) symptoms explained some variance in HRQoL at one month and did not predict functional recovery or HRQoL at one year, after controlling for other independent variables such as stroke severity and pre-morbid conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mood symptoms following acute stroke were associated with a poorer HRQoL one year later but only depression symptoms influenced functional recovery. Other clinical factors such as pre-morbid conditions may need to be taken into consideration when determining the effect of mood symptoms on stroke recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Gerontology, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. cdonnel@tcd.ie
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donnellan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hickey
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hevey
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Neill
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D020521:Stroke / Q000523:psychology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D055815:Young Adult