title: Lipoid pneumonia secondary to long-term use of evening primrose oil.
abstract: Lipoid pneumonia is an underdiagnosed disease that is caused by the aspiration of lipid particles into the lungs. Although most of the reported cases have been associated with the use of mineral oil as a laxative, other lipid substances can also cause the disease. We report the case of a 50-year-old female patient with a complaint of productive cough who was initially diagnosed with bronchial hyperresponsiveness and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The patient was treated for GERD. Because the productive cough persisted, the patient underwent chest CT, fiberoptic bronchoscopy, and open lung biopsy. She was diagnosed with lipoid pneumonia. The patient was questioned regarding the use of lipid substances, and she reported the chronic use of evening primrose oil. After the discontinuation of the substance and the maintenance of GERD treatment, her condition improved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Goiás School of Medicine, Goiânia, Brazil. mfrabahi@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Marcelo Fouad
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rabahi
authors.forename: Andreia Alves
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: João Gabriel Piccirilli
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.forename: Paulo Menzel
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Galvao
authors.forename: Sebastião Alves
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pinto
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003248:Constipation / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011017:Pneumonia, Lipid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D008899:Mineral Oil