title: Involvement of Arabidopsis RACK1 in protein translation and its regulation by abscisic acid.
abstract: Earlier studies have shown that RACK1 functions as a negative regulator of abscisic acid (ABA) responses in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), but the molecular mechanism of the action of RACK1 in these processes remains elusive. Global gene expression profiling revealed that approximately 40% of the genes affected by ABA treatment were affected in a similar manner by the rack1 mutation, supporting the view that RACK1 is an important regulator of ABA responses. On the other hand, coexpression analysis revealed that more than 80% of the genes coexpressed with RACK1 encode ribosome proteins, implying a close relationship between RACK1's function and the ribosome complex. These results implied that the regulatory role for RACK1 in ABA responses may be partially due to its putative function in protein translation, which is one of the major cellular processes that mammalian and Saccharomyces cerevisiae RACK1 is involved in. Consistently, all three Arabidopsis RACK1 homologous genes, namely RACK1A, RACK1B, and RACK1C, complemented the growth defects of the S. cerevisiae cross pathway control2/rack1 mutant. In addition, RACK1 physically interacts with Arabidopsis Eukaryotic Initiation Factor6 (eIF6), whose mammalian homolog is a key regulator of 80S ribosome assembly. Moreover, rack1 mutants displayed hypersensitivity to anisomycin, an inhibitor of protein translation, and displayed characteristics of impaired 80S functional ribosome assembly and 60S ribosomal subunit biogenesis in a ribosome profiling assay. Gene expression analysis revealed that ABA inhibits the expression of both RACK1 and eIF6. Taken together, these results suggest that RACK1 may be required for normal production of 60S and 80S ribosomes and that its action in these processes may be regulated by ABA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Jianjun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Shucai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Valerius
authors.forename: Hardy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Qingning
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jian-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Weston
authors.forename: Brian E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Jin-Gui
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism; D000483:Alleles; D000841:Anisomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000737:chemistry; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000075370:Receptors for Activated C Kinase; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D054683:Ribosome Subunits, Large, Eukaryotic / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C111825:ASC1 protein, S cerevisiae; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; C515163:RACK1 protein, Arabidopsis; D000075370:Receptors for Activated C Kinase; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000841:Anisomycin; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins