title: Photobleaching on photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence surfaces.
abstract: The effect of resonant fluorescent enhancement from a photonic crystal surface upon the fluorescent photobleaching rate of Cyanine-5 labeled protein has been investigated. We show that the enhanced excitation mechanism for photonic crystal enhanced fluorescence, in which the device surface resonantly couples light from an excitation laser, accelerates photobleaching in proportion to the coupling efficiency of the laser to the photonic crystal. We also show that the enhanced extraction mechanism, in which the photonic crystal directs emitted photons approximately normal to the surface, does not play a role in the rate of photobleaching. We show that the photobleaching rate of dye molecules on the photonic crystal surface is accelerated by 30x compared to an ordinary glass surface, but substantial signal gain is still evident, even after extended periods of continuous illumination at the resonant condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1406 W. Green St, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chaudhery
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Cheng Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Sherine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Brian T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D038761:Photobleaching; D017785:Photons; D019809:Streptavidin / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C085321:cyanine dye 5; D019809:Streptavidin