title: Three-dimensional measurement of bone loss at implants in patients with periodontal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the three-dimensional marginal bone level around implants 5 to 15 years after loading in partially edentulous patients treated for generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) and generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with GCP and 17 patients with GAgP were treated with a total of 119 implants. Patients were examined clinically on a 3-month recall schedule after insertion of the superstructure, and radiographs were taken at fixed intervals. At the end of the observation period, cone-beam computed tomography was used for the analysis of the circumferential three-dimensional bone level (mesial, distal, buccal, and lingual/palatal) and determination of keratinized mucosa thickness (KMT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both groups, a significant bone loss at implants was observed buccally (GAgP group: 4.49 ± 2.93 mm; GCP group: 3.57 ± 2.94 mm) with significantly more average bone loss in patients with GAgP (3.00 ± 1.67 mm) compared to in patients with GCP (2.45 ± 1.08 mm). The lowest values for KMT in both groups were found in the anterior mandible (GAgP group: 0.99 ± 1.13 mm; GCP group: 0.82 ± 0.91 mm). There were significant correlations between clinical parameters and bone loss in mandibles of patients with GAgP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lowest value for KMT in both groups was found in the mandible. Bone loss was observed buccally and was more pronounced in patients with GAgP, with a significant correlation with keratinized mucosa and increased inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dental School of Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kehl
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Swierkot
authors.forename: Reiner
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mengel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008437:Maxilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants