title: Pathways to inflated responsibility beliefs in adolescent obsessive-compulsive disorder: a preliminary investigation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An inflated sense of responsibility is characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). No previous studies have investigated its origins. Five potential pathways to inflated responsibility beliefs have been proposed; these are tested in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A novel measure, the Origins Questionnaire for Adolescents (OQA), was developed to assess experiences on these five pathways. Reliability of the OQA was investigated. The experiences on the five pathways to inflated responsibility beliefs of 16 adolescents with a history of OCD were compared to 16 adolescents with no history of OCD. Parents also reported on adolescents' experiences on the five pathways.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Test-retest reliability was high. The internal consistency of the subscales was only partly satisfactory. The groups differed on one pathway; the clinical group reported a higher sense of responsibility for significant incidents with a negative outcome prior to onset of OCD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An inflated sense of responsibility, in combination with the occurrence of specific incidents, might act as a vulnerability factor for development of OCD. Future research should consider how to measure the subtle effects of experiences of responsibility over the course of development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK. pete.lawrence@psych.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Tim I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D003469:Culture; D003674:Defense Mechanisms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012941:Social Responsibility; D055815:Young Adult