title: Employment change for bars and restaurants following a statewide clean indoor air policy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clean indoor air policies have been adopted to protect employees in all workplaces from exposure to environmental tobacco smoke. Despite numerous studies where no significant economic effects were associated with clean indoor air policies, concerns persist that such policies will have a severe, negative effect on alcohol-licensed businesses.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examines the effect of a comprehensive, statewide clean indoor air law on bar and restaurant employment in Minnesota as a whole, as well as by region in the state.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interrupted time-series analyses were conducted separately on bar and restaurant employment between 2004 and 2008 using data reported by businesses to the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development. The statewide clean indoor air policy was implemented October 2007; analyses were conducted in 2009.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After accounting for changes in employment in all other sectors for the state as a whole, there were no significant changes in statewide bar or restaurant employment associated with the state-level clean indoor air policy. Additionally, no significant changes were observed in regional bar or restaurant employment following enactment of the clean indoor air policy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enactment of a comprehensive clean indoor air policy in Minnesota did not result in significant changes in bar or restaurant employment in rural or urban regions of the state or the state as a whole. In Minnesota, neither bars nor restaurants were associated with significant changes in employment following the enactment of a comprehensive, statewide clean indoor air policy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Health Behavior and Health Promotion, College of Public Health, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. eklein@cph.osu.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Jean L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: Natalie M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Darin J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.forename: Traci L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Toomey
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000191:economics; D004651:Employment / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008910:Minnesota; D012147:Restaurants / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012907:Smoking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000078329:Workforce
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution