title: Emergency medical kits on board commercial aircraft: a comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In cases of critical medical situations on board commercial aircraft, access to emergency medical kits can be lifesaving. Thus, this comparative study investigated acute care medication and equipment supplied in emergency medical kits on board both low-cost carriers and full-service carriers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two European airlines (sixteen low-cost carriers and sixteen full-service-carriers) were asked to provide anonymous data on the contents of their emergency medical kits. All emergency medical equipment and medication carried on board were subject to a descriptive analysis with regards to International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) standards for emergency medical kits, as well as variation and differences between low-cost carriers and full-service carriers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of twelve airlines (seven full-service carriers and five low-cost carriers) participated in this study. None complied with ICAO standards. Emergency medical kits from both full-service carriers and low-cost carriers exhibited a high degree of variability. Two European low-cost carriers were assessed as being insufficiently equipped for a medical emergency requiring acute care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates the high degree of variability in the contents of emergency medical kits. Additionally, some airlines were equipped insufficiently for a critical medical situation on board their aircraft. Frequent checks of national authorities and further evaluation of acute care equipment are required to prepare for potentially life-threatening critical conditions occurring in special environments, such as in airplane during flight.
authors.affiliation: Dermatologic Surgery Unit, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikstrasse 56, Bochum, Germany. michael.sand@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: Thilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gambichler
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sand
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thrandorf
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Altmeyer
authors.forename: Falk G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Bechara
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000592:standards* / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D005060:Europe; D005392:First Aid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D014195:Travel