title: Single-cell qPCR on dispersed primary pituitary cells -an optimized protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of false positives is a potential problem in single-cell PCR experiments. This paper describes an optimized protocol for single-cell qPCR measurements in primary pituitary cell cultures following patch-clamp recordings. Two different cell harvesting methods were assessed using both the GH₄ prolactin producing cell line from rat, and primary cell culture from fish pituitaries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Harvesting whole cells followed by cell lysis and qPCR performed satisfactory on the GH₄ cell line. However, harvesting of whole cells from primary pituitary cultures regularly produced false positives, probably due to RNA leakage from cells ruptured during the dispersion of the pituitary cells. To reduce RNA contamination affecting the results, we optimized the conditions by harvesting only the cytosol through a patch pipette, subsequent to electrophysiological experiments. Two important factors proved crucial for reliable harvesting. First, silanizing the patch pipette glass prevented foreign extracellular RNA from attaching to charged residues on the glass surface. Second, substituting the commonly used perforating antibiotic amphotericin B with β-escin allowed efficient cytosol harvest without loosing the giga seal. Importantly, the two harvesting protocols revealed no difference in RNA isolation efficiency.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depending on the cell type and preparation, validation of the harvesting technique is extremely important as contaminations may give false positives. Here we present an optimized protocol allowing secure harvesting of RNA from single cells in primary pituitary cell culture following perforated whole cell patch clamp experiments.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, Department of Basic Sciences and Aquatic Medicine, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Kjetil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hodne
authors.forename: Trude M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Haug
authors.forename: Finn-Arne
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Weltzien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002138:Calibration; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048388:Gadiformes; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000166:cytology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D059010:Single-Cell Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012313:RNA