title: Molecular responses of Ostrea edulis haemocytes to an in vitro infection with Bonamia ostreae.
abstract: Bonamiosis due to the parasite Bonamia ostreae is a disease affecting the flat oyster Ostrea edulis. B. ostreae is a protozoan, affiliated to the order of haplosporidia and to the cercozoan phylum. This parasite is mainly intracellular, infecting haemocytes, cells notably involved in oyster defence mechanisms. Suppression subtractive hybridisation (SSH) was carried out in order to identify oyster genes differentially expressed during an infection of haemocytes with B. ostreae. Forward and reverse banks allowed obtaining 1104 and 1344 clones respectively, among which 391 and 480 clones showed a differential expression between both tested conditions (haemocytes alone versus haemocytes in contact with parasites). ESTs of interest including genes involved in cytoskeleton, respiratory chain, detoxification membrane receptors, and immune system were identified. The open reading frames of two selected genes (galectin and IRF-like) were completely sequenced and characterized. Real time PCR assays were developed to study the relative expression of candidate ESTs during an in vitro infection of haemocytes by live and dead parasites. Haemocyte infection with B. ostreae induced an increased expression of omega glutathione S-transferase (OGST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP), galectin, interferon regulatory factor (IRF-like) and filamin genes.
authors.affiliation: Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER), Laboratoire de Génétique et Pathologie (LGP), Avenue de Mus de Loup, 17390 La Tremblade, France.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morga
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arzul
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Faury
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Segarra
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chollet
authors.forename: Tristan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Renault
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D041602:Haplosporida / Q000276:immunology*; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000469:parasitology; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D049895:Ostrea / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011529:Protozoan Infections, Animal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016415:Sequence Alignment