title: Developing a performance measurement framework and indicators for community health service facilities in urban China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  China has had no effective and systematic information system to provide guidance for strengthening PHC (Primary Health Care) or account to citizens on progress. We report on the development of the China results-based Logic Model for Community Health Facilities and Stations (CHS) and a set of relevant PHC indicators intended to measure CHS priorities.
  
  
  METHODS
  We adapted the PHC Results Based Logic Model developed in Canada and current work conducted in the community health system in China to create the China CHS Logic Model framework. We used a staged approach by first constructing the framework and indicators and then validating their content through an interactive process involving policy analysis, critical review of relevant literature and multiple stakeholder consultation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The China CHS Logic Model includes inputs, activities, outputs and outcomes with a total of 287 detailed performance indicators. In these indicators, 31 indicators measure inputs, 64 measure activities, 105 measure outputs, and 87 measure immediate (n = 65), intermediate (n = 15), or final (n = 7) outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A Logic Model framework can be useful in planning, implementation, analysis and evaluation of PHC at a system and service level. The development and content validation of the China CHS Logic Model and subsequent indicators provides a means for stronger accountability and a clearer sense of overall direction and purpose needed to renew and strengthen the PHC system in China. Moreover, this work will be useful in moving towards developing a PHC information system and performance measurement across districts in urban China, and guiding the pursuit of quality in PHC.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, School of Nursing and Centre for Health Services Policy Research, 6190 Agronomy Road, #302, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T-1Z3, Canada.
authors.forename: Sabrina T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Delu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Onil
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bowen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards*; D017144:Focus Groups / Q000379:methods; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006285:Health Planning / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019037:Urban Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards*