title: Left ventricular non compaction in children.
abstract: Left ventricular non compaction (LVNC) is a myocardial disease characterized by a hypertrabeculated myocardium. The hypertrabeculations in the left ventricular wall define deep recesses communicating with the left ventricular chamber where blood penetrates with increased risk of blood clots in the meshwork of the prominent trabeculations. The left ventricular apex and the free wall are particularly affected. During in utero ventriculogenesis, myocardial blood supply is initially linked to the presence of sinusoids, in which blood penetrates and diffuses nutriments and oxygen to myocardial cells. Progressively, with the development of the heart and the increase of cells demand of blood, coronary arteries system develops. This step is associated with myocardial modification that leads to compaction of hypertrabeculated myocardial net. Probably, the premature interruption of this process leads to ventricular noncompaction. Many studies have been conducted in adults with hypertrabeculated myocardium. To date, data regarding childhood LVNC are sparse. The aim of this review is to summarize the clinical and preclinical knowledge about LVNC in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Second University of Naples, Monaldi Hospital, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Weisz
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Limongelli
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pacileo
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calabro
authors.forename: Maria G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calabro
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vatta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D056830:Isolated Noncompaction of the Ventricular Myocardium / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D010641:Phenotype; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D055815:Young Adult