title: Toll-like receptor 3: involvement with exogenous and endogenous RNA.
abstract: The recognition of pathogens is assigned to an evolutionarily conserved family of receptors, the Toll-like receptors (TLRs). The investigation of RNA-based immunology has been reinvigorated with the observation that TLR3s interact with RNA (dsRNA of viral origin, poly (I:C) and endogenous RNA). Many RNAs, therefore, join the list of endogenous ligands for TLRs. The further finding that nucleoside modification alters RNA-mediated TLR signaling presents a mechanism for the long-observed differences in immunogenicity. The involvement of RNA modification in the pathogenesis of diseases, and its implications in the therapeutics, are still being studied, and will have important implications in the future.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Genetic-Immunology, Biological Science Center, State University of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marla Karine
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Amarante
authors.forename: Maria Angelica Ehara
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D007249:Inflammation; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D012313:RNA / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D012313:RNA