title: Muscle physiology changes induced by every other day feeding and endurance exercise in mice: effects on physical performance.
abstract: Every other day feeding (EOD) and exercise induce changes in cell metabolism. The aim of the present work was to know if both EOD and exercise produce similar effects on physical capacity, studying their physiological, biochemical and metabolic effects on muscle. Male OF-1 mice were fed either ad libitum (AL) or under EOD. After 18 weeks under EOD, animals were also trained by using a treadmill for another 6 weeks and then analyzed for physical activity. Both, EOD and endurance exercise increased the resistance of animals to extenuating activity and improved motor coordination. Among the groups that showed the highest performance, AL and EOD trained animals, ALT and EODT respectively, only the EODT group was able to increase glucose and triglycerides levels in plasma after extenuating exercise. No high effects on mitochondrial respiratory chain activities or protein levels neither on coenzyme Q levels were found in gastrocnemius muscle. However, exercise and EOD did increase β-oxidation activity in this muscle accompanied by increased CD36 levels in animals fed under EOD and by changes in shape and localization of mitochondria in muscle fibers. Furthermore, EOD and training decreased muscle damage after strenuous exercise. EOD also reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation in muscle. Our results indicate that EOD improves muscle performance and resistance by increasing lipid catabolism in muscle mitochondria at the same time that prevents lipid peroxidation and muscle damage.
authors.affiliation: Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, Universidad Pablo de Olavide-CSIC, CIBERER-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Bies
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santa-Cruz Calvo
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fontán-Lozano
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peña Amaro
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Berral de la Rosa
authors.forename: Angel M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Carrión
authors.forename: Plácido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Navas
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: López-Lluch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D007773:Lactates; D014280:Triglycerides; D014451:Ubiquinone; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D002784:Cholesterol