title: Technological advances in pediatric cataract surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Managing pediatric cataracts is often challenging. It is technically difficult to perform surgery in these small complaint eyes and there is higher prevalence of postoperative complications. The outcomes of surgery depend on technique and technology. The purpose of this study is to review the current literature on technological advances in pediatric cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of literature on management of pediatric cataract surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The advent of vitrectomy machines and intraocular lenses (IOLs) has revolutionized pediatric cataract surgery. "Vitrectorhexis" has become a good alternative to manual capsulorhexis. Primary management of posterior capsule and limited anterior vitrectomy has reduced the incidence of visual axis opacification. Primary IOL implantation is becoming a standard of care in the youngest children. Single piece Acrysof® is preferred for in-the-bag implantation and 3-piece Acrysof® for sulcus implantation. Newer IOLs are being evaluated in pediatric eyes. Precise measurement of intraocular lens power and predicting refractive change are major challenges in long term care of children after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New technology and surgical techniques have refined pediatric cataract surgery. It is critical to focus our efforts on precise biometry measurements, IOL power calculation, and designing IOLs that may address refractive changes in the growing pediatric eye.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Bharti R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Nihalani
authors.forename: Deborah K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: VanderVeen
mesh_terms: D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology*; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004479:Ectopia Lentis / Q000601:surgery; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D011474:Prosthesis Design