title: Serosurvey for selected pathogens in Iberian roe deer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The roe deer is the most abundant and widespread wild Eurasian cervid. Its populations are expanding and increasingly in contact with livestock. This may affect the distribution of infectious diseases shared with other wild and domestic ungulates.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the antibody seroprevalence against Pestivirus, Herpesvirus, Bluetongue (BT) virus, M. avium paratuberculosis (MAP), and Brucella sp. in 519 roe deer from different regions in Spain, south-western Europe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No antibodies were detected against BT and Brucella sp. However, antibodies were detected against Pestivirus (1.5%), Herpesvirus (0.2%) and MAP (9.2%). MAP antibodies were detected in seven of the eight populations (range 5-16.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The detection of MAP antibodies in samples from most roe deer populations suggests that contact with MAP is widespread in this wildlife species. The highest prevalence was detected in sites with abundant dairy cattle and frequent use of liquid manure on pastures. Considering the results obtained regarding exposure to different pathogens, we suggest that antibody prevalences in this non-gregarious browser are largely determined by environmental factors, potentially modulating vector populations or pathogen survival in the environment.
authors.affiliation: IREC, CSIC-UCLM-JCCM, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boadella
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Carta
authors.forename: Alvaro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oleaga
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pajares
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gortázar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002006:Brucellosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D003670:Deer; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004269:DNA, Bacterial