title: Cryptococcal immune reconstitution syndrome during steroid withdrawal treated with hydroxychloroquine.
abstract: We present a case report of cryptococcal immune reconstitution syndrome (IRS), in a non HIV infected patient, which we treated with hydroxychloroquine with successful results. We briefly review cryptococcal IRS, possible mechanisms of action of hydroxychloroquine as an immunomodulatory agent, and its potential role in management of IRS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Good Samaritan Hospital of Maryland, 5601 Loch Raven Boulevard, RMB, Ste 502, Baltimore, MD 21239, USA. shivakumar.narayanan@medstar.net
authors.forename: Shivakumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Chandralekha
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Holt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006934:Hypercalcemia; D054019:Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008168:Lung / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine; D011241:Prednisone