title: Regional variations in testicular cancer rates in Ireland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traditionally, the incidence of testicular cancer (TCa) has shown a remarkable geographical variation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether the rates of TCa varied within Ireland itself and to find possible explanations for any observations made.
  
  
  METHODS
  We observed the incidence of TCa in counties in Ireland between January 1994 and December 2007. The rate of cryptorchidism over the same time was calculated. Incidence of TCa by socio-economic status was reviewed. The role of environmental pollutants was explored. We analysed teenage obesity data as a risk factor for the development of TCa in adulthood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cork had a significantly higher rate of TCa than any other county in Ireland. Cork also had high rates of cryptorchidism, but interestingly not the highest nationwide. In Cork County specifically, least deprived areas had significantly higher rates of TCa. Organic pollutants previously linked to the development of TCa have been identified in large industries located only in Cork. Teenage obesity rates in Cork were not higher than elsewhere.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a higher incidence rate of TCa in Cork than any other county. High rates of cryptorchidism alone cannot explain this. There appears to be a link with higher socio-economic status and possibly industrial pollutants. The association between sedentary lifestyle and the development of TCa is unproven.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Co. Cork, Republic of Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alsinnawi
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Quinlan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deady
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kiely
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007494:Ireland / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D012420:Running; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*