title: Rice SIZ1, a SUMO E3 ligase, controls spikelet fertility through regulation of anther dehiscence.
abstract: • Sumoylation, a post-translational modification, has important functions in both animals and plants. However, the biological function of the SUMO E3 ligase, SIZ1, in rice (Oryza sativa) is still under investigation. • In this study, we employed two different genetic approaches, the use of siz1 T-DNA mutant and SIZ1-RNAi transgenic plants, to characterize the function of rice SIZ1. • Genetic results revealed the co-segregation of single T-DNA insertional recessive mutation with the observed phenotypes in siz1. In addition to showing reduced plant height, tiller number and seed set percentage, both the siz1 mutant and SIZ1-RNAi transgenic plants showed obvious defects in anther dehiscence, but not pollen viability. The anther indehiscence in siz1 was probably a result of defects in endothecium development before anthesis. Interestingly, rice orthologs of AtIRX and ZmMADS2, which are essential for endothecium development during anther dehiscence, were significantly down-regulated in siz1. Compared with the wild-type, the sumoylation profile of high-molecular-weight proteins in mature spikelets was reduced significantly in siz1 and the SIZ1-RNAi line with notably reduced SIZ1 expression. The nuclear localization signal located in the SIZ1 C-terminus was sufficient for its nuclear targeting in bombarded onion epidermis. • The results suggest the functional role of SIZ1, a SUMO E3 ligase, in regulating rice anther dehiscence.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung-Hsing University - Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Graduate Institute of Biotechnology, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.|Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Saminathan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thangasamy
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Cian-Ling
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.affiliation: Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Hsiang
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.affiliation: Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Wufeng, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Hsing
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung-Hsing University - Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jychian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Biological Agricultural Sciences, Taiwan International Graduate Program, National Chung-Hsing University - Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.|Biotechnology Center, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Guang-Yuh
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Jauh
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018744:DNA, Plant; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005298:Fertility; D035264:Flowers / Q000502:physiology*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D056626:Inflorescence / Q000502:physiology; D009154:Mutation; D012275:Oryza / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D054817:Pollination / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D058207:Sumoylation / Q000235:genetics; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018744:DNA, Plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; C036483:T-DNA; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases