title: Hemodialysis alters lipid profiles, total antioxidant capacity, and vitamins A, E, and C concentrations in humans.
abstract: Although hemodialysis (HD) is essential for end-stage renal disease patients, at the same time it causes oxidative stress and long-term pro-atherosclerotic effects. This study aimed to determine lipid profile as well as the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and vitamins A, E, and C in HD patients. The study enrolled 31 patients (50.3 ± 14.9 years old) undergoing maintenance 4-hour HD three times per week with a polysulfone membrane dialyzer for a mean of 76.1 months (range, 7-120 months) and 31 healthy individuals (47.8 ± 13.9 years old). Lipid profiles were determined spectrophotometrically using commercially available kits. Total antioxidant capacity was determined by ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay, levels of vitamins A and E were assayed using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and the level of vitamin C was measured by a photometric method. Our results showed that before HD, the levels of TAC and vitamin A were significantly higher than in normal subjects, whereas the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and vitamin C were lower than in control subjects (P < .001). There was no significant difference between normal subjects and patients before dialysis regarding low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and vitamin E levels (P > .05). After HD, the levels of HDL-cholesterol, vitamins E and C, and TAC decreased significantly (P < .001), but the decreased level of vitamin A still remained higher than controls (P < .05), whereas the levels of LDL were significantly higher than controls (P < .001). In conclusion, alterations in the lipoprotein profiles and antioxidant markers following HD suggest an increased risk of atherosclerosis in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran. fmontazerifar@gmail.com
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Montazerifar
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashemi
authors.forename: Mansour
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karajibani
authors.forename: Madhurima
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dikshit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008055:Lipids; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D001205:Ascorbic Acid