title: HbA1c and atrial fibrillation: a cross-sectional study in Japan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with the level of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in Japanese adults in Kurashiki-city.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult residents (≧ 40 years old) were examined twice, in 2006 and 2007. Electrocardiography was conducted to determine the presence of AF. After categorizing all participants into two groups (HbA1c <6.5% as low group and ≧ 6.5% as high group), factors independently associated with the prevalence of AF were investigated in total cohort, low and high groups using multivariate logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the total 52,448 participants (median age, 72 years; range, 65-78 years; 17,980 men), AF prevalence was 2.2% (1161/52,448). After classifying all participants by HbA1c level, the proportion of participants with AF was 2.2% (1073/49,498) in the low group and 3.0% (88/2950) in high group (p=0.005). AF was significantly associated with cardiac disease (OR, 5.78; 95%CI, 5.07-6.58; p<0.001), elevating HbA1c (OR, 1.57; 95%CI, 1.33-1.84; p<0.001), increasing age (OR, 1.40; 95%CI, 1.30-1.51; p<0.001), and male sex (OR, 1.27; 95%CI, 1.10-1.47; p=0.001) in low group and was related to cardiac disease (OR, 4.85; 95%CI, 3.08-7.62; p<0.001) and age (OR, 1.45; 95%CI, 1.09-1.93; p=0.010) in high group. After adjusted age, gender, vascular risk factors, cardiac disease, and eGFR, elevating HbA1c (OR, 1.18; 95%CI, 1.09-1.28; p<0.001) was the factor in association with AF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of AF appears to be associated with the level of HbA1c, especially in patients with HbA1c <6.5%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stroke Medicine, Kawasaki Medical School, Japan. yigu@med.kawasaki-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kensaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibazaki
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006306:Health Surveys / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human