title: Use of a gelatin cryogel as biomaterial scaffold in the differentiation process of human bone marrow stromal cells.
abstract: Biomaterials have been widely used in reconstructive bone surgery to heal critical-size long bone defects due to trauma, tumor resection, and tissue degeneration. In particular, gelatin cryogel scaffolds are promising new biomaterials owing to their biocompatibility; in addition, the in vitro modification of biomaterials with osteogenic signals enhances the tissue regeneration in vivo, suggesting that the biomaterial modification could play an important role in tissue engineering. In this study we have followed a biomimetic strategy where differentiated human bone marrow stromal cells built their extracellular matrix onto gelatin cryogel scaffolds. In comparison with control conditions without differentiation medium, the use of a differentiation medium increased, in vitro, the coating of gelatin cryogel with bone proteins (decorin, osteocalcin, osteopontin, type-I collagen, and type-III collagen). The differentiation medium aimed at obtaining a better in vitro modification of gelatin cryogel in terms of cell colonization and coating with osteogenic signals, like bone matrix proteins. The modified biomaterial could be used, in clinical applications, as an implant for bone repair.
authors.affiliation: University of Pavia, Dipartimento di Informatica e Sistemistica, Centro di Ingegneria Tissutale (C.I.T.), via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy. lorenzo.fassina@unipv.it
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fassina
authors.forename: Enrica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saino
authors.forename: Livia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Visai
authors.forename: Maria Antonietta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Avanzini
authors.forename: Maria Gabriella
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cusella De Angelis
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benazzo
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Vlierberghe
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dubruel
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magenes
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D059985:Cryogels; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D024042:Collagen Type I; D059985:Cryogels; D020100:Hydrogels