title: Induction of high endothelial venule-like vessels expressing GlcNAc6ST-1-mediated L-selectin ligand carbohydrate and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1) in a mouse model of "Candidatus Helicobacter heilmannii"-induced gastritis and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  "Candidatus Helicobacter heilmannii" induce chronic gastritis, which eventually leads to gastric B-cell type mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. This study was performed using an animal model of infection with "Candidatus Helicobacter heilmannii" to elucidate how this chronic inflammation is induced or maintained.
  
  
  METHODS
  BALB/c mice were infected with the "Candidatus Helicobacter heilmannii" isolate SH4. The animals were examined at 8, 26, 54, and 83 weeks after the infection. The stomach of the animals was resected and immunostained for peripheral lymph node addressin (PNAd) and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule 1 (MAdCAM-1), "Candidatus Helicobacter heilmannii," and CD45R/B220. An in vitro binding assay with L- and E-selectin·IgM chimeric proteins was performed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate transcripts of N-acetylglucosamine-6-O-sulfotransferases (GlcNAc6STs), which direct the expression of the PNAd and MAdCAM-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chronic gastritis developed in the infected animals, and its severity increased with the duration of the infection. B-cell type MALT lymphoma developed in some animals at 54 and 83 weeks after infection. PNAd- and MAdCAM-1-expressing high endothelial venule (HEV)-like vessels were induced in infected animals which developed chronic gastritis and MALT lymphoma. The number of HEV-like vessels increased as chronic inflammation progressed. The induced HEV-like vessels were bound by L- and E-selectin·IgM chimeric protein. mRNA expressions of GlcNAc6ST-1 and MAdCAM-1 increased in the infected animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HEV-like vessels expressing GlcNAc6ST-1-mediated L-selectin ligand carbohydrate and MAdCAM-1 may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of "Candidatus Helicobacter heilmannii"-induced chronic gastritis and MALT lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Masatomo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakubo
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: Naohiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D018247:Helicobacter heilmannii / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000276:immunology; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009088:Mucoproteins; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D000097811:Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019041:L-Selectin; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009088:Mucoproteins; D015238:Sulfotransferases; D000097811:Carbohydrate Sulfotransferases; C069886:L-selectin counter-receptors; C489082:Madcam1 protein, mouse