Reduced melanoma after regular sunscreen use: randomized trial follow-up.
OBJECTIVE
Regular sunscreen use prevents cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma long term, but the effect on melanoma is highly controversial. We evaluated whether long-term application of sunscreen decreases risk of cutaneous melanoma.


METHODS
In 1992, 1,621 randomly selected residents of Nambour, a township in Queensland, Australia, age 25 to 75 years, were randomly assigned to daily or discretionary sunscreen application to head and arms in combination with 30 mg beta carotene or placebo supplements until 1996. Participants were observed until 2006 with questionnaires and/or through pathology laboratories and the cancer registry to ascertain primary melanoma occurrence.


RESULTS
Ten years after trial cessation, 11 new primary melanomas had been identified in the daily sunscreen group, and 22 had been identified in the discretionary group, which represented a reduction of the observed rate in those randomly assigned to daily sunscreen use (hazard ratio [HR], 0.50; 95% CI, 0.24 to 1.02; P = .051). The reduction in invasive melanomas was substantial (n = 3 in active v 11 in control group; HR, 0.27; 95% CI, 0.08 to 0.97) compared with that for preinvasive melanomas (HR, 0.73; 95% CI, 0.29 to 1.81).


CONCLUSIONS
Melanoma may be preventable by regular sunscreen use in adults.
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, PO Royal Brisbane Hospital, Queensland 4029, Australia. adele.green@qimr.edu.au
Adèle C
AC
Green
Gail M
GM
Williams
Valerie
V
Logan
Geoffrey M
GM
Strutton
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D013473:Sunscreening Agents