Differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes via the hanging-drop and mass culture methods.
Herein, we describe two protocols for the in vitro differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into cardiomyocytes. mESCs are pluripotent and can be differentiated into cells of all three germ layers, including cardiomyocytes. The methods described here facilitate the differentiation of mESCs into the different cardiac subtypes (atrial-, ventricular-, nodal-like cells). The duration of cell culture determines whether preferentially early- or late-developmental stage cardiomyocytes can be obtained preferentially. This approach allows the investigation of cardiomyocyte development and differentiation in vitro, and also allows for the enrichment and isolation of physiologically intact cardiomyocytes for transplantation purposes.
Institute of Physiology I, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
Christopher J
CJ
Fuegemann
Ajoy K
AK
Samraj
Stuart
S
Walsh
Bernd K
BK
Fleischmann
Stefan
S
Jovinge
Martin
M
Breitbach
D000818:Animals; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*