Toward understanding the recent large reductions in U.S. road fatalities.
BACKGROUND
From 2005 to 2009, U.S. road fatalities dropped by 22 percent (from 43,510 to 33,963). A reduction of such magnitude over such a short time has not occurred since road safety statistics were first kept (starting in 1913), except for the reductions during World War II.


OBJECTIVE
The study was performed to contribute to our understanding about the mechanisms that could be responsible for this unprecedented drop in road fatalities by analyzing the detailed information from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS)-a census of all U.S. crashes that involve a fatality.


METHODS
The study compared the data for 2005 (the recent peak year in terms of road fatalities) with the data for 2008 (the latest year for which detailed data are available). The focus was on identifying those conditions that showed the largest reductions and those that showed the smallest reductions (or increases of any magnitude). The analysis involved an examination of the variables in the FARS database, which is divided into accident, vehicle, driver, occupant, and nonmotorist subsets.


RESULTS
The report highlights the most interesting patterns of changes for 19 variables.
The University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2150, USA. sivak@umich.edu
Michael
M
Sivak
Brandon
B
Schoettle
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000401:mortality* / Q000639:trends; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000453:epidemiology; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018986:Motor Vehicles / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult