Urinary excretion of the acrylonitrile metabolite 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid is correlated with a variety of biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure and consumption.
Acrylonitrile is an IARC class 2B carcinogen present in cigarette smoke. Urinary 2-cyanoethylmercapturic acid (CEMA) is an acrylonitrile metabolite and a potential biomarker for acrylonitrile exposure. The objective of this work was to study the dose response of CEMA in urine of non-smokers and smokers of different ISO tar yield cigarettes. We observed that smokers excreted >100-fold higher amounts of urinary CEMA than non-smokers. The CEMA levels in smokers were significantly correlated with ISO tar yield, daily cigarette consumption, and urinary biomarkers of smoke exposure. In conclusion, urinary CEMA is a suitable biomarker for assessing smoking-related exposure to acrylonitrile.
British American Tobacco, Group Research and Development, Regents Park Road, Southampton, SO15 8TL, UK. emmanuel_minet@BAT.com
Emmanuel
E
Minet
Francis
F
Cheung
Graham
G
Errington
Katharina
K
Sterz
Gerhard
G
Scherer
D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D000181:Acrylonitrile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009538:Nicotine / Q000652:urine; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000652:urine; D011725:Pyridines / Q000652:urine; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D013638:Tars / Q000737:chemistry
D015415:Biomarkers; D009602:Nitrosamines; D011725:Pyridines; D013638:Tars; C024746:tobacco tar; D009538:Nicotine; C001423:S-(3-hydroxypropyl)cysteine N-acetate; C099565:4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butan-1-ol; D000181:Acrylonitrile; C025645:N-acetyl-S-(2-cyanoethyl)cysteine; D000111:Acetylcysteine