Microwave-assisted hydrolysis and extraction of tricyclic antidepressants from human hair.
The objective of this research was to develop, optimize, and validate a modern, rapid method of preparation of human hair samples, using microwave irradiation, for analysis of eight tricyclic antidepressants (TCADs): nordoxepin, nortriptyline, imipramine, amitriptyline, doxepin, desipramine, clomipramine, and norclomipramine. It was based on simultaneous alkaline hair microwave-assisted hydrolysis and microwave-assisted extraction (MAH-MAE). Extracts were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode-array detection (HPLC-DAD). A mixture of n-hexane and isoamyl alcohol (99:1, v/v) was used as extraction solvent and the process was performed at 60°C. Application of 1.0 mol L(-1) NaOH and microwave irradiation for 40 min were found to be optimum for hair samples. Limits of detection ranged from 0.3 to 1.2 μg g(-1) and LOQ from 0.9 to 4.0 μg g(-1) for the different drugs. This enabled us to quantify them in hair samples within average therapeutic concentration ranges.
Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 3 Ingardena St, 30-060 Kraków, Poland. wietecha@chemia.uj.edu.pl
Renata
R
Wietecha-Posłuszny
Aneta
A
Garbacik
Michał
M
Woźniakiewicz
Paweł
P
Kościelniak
D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008872:Microwaves
D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic