Functional in vivo imaging of cysteine cathepsin activity in murine model of inflammation.
Near-infrared fluorophore (NIRF)-labeled imaging probes are becoming increasingly important in bio-molecular imaging applications, that is, in animal models for tumor imaging or inflammation studies. In this study we showed that the previously introduced chemical concept of 'Reverse Design' represents an efficient strategy for the generation of selective probes for cysteine proteases from chemically optimized protease inhibitors for investigations in proteomic lysates as well as for in vivo molecular imaging studies. The newly developed activity-based probe AW-091 was demonstrated to be highly selective for cathepsin S in vitro and proved useful in monitoring cysteine cathepsin activity in vivo, that is, in zymosan-induced mouse model of inflammation. AW-091 showed higher signal-to-background ratios at earlier time points than the commercially available polymer-based ProSense680 (VisEn Medical) and thus represents an efficient new tool for studying early proteolytic processes leading to various diseases, including inflammation, cancer, and rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, the fluorescent signal originating from the cleaved AW-091 was shown to be reduced by the administration of an anti-inflammatory drug, dexamethasone and by the cathepsin inhibitor E-64, providing a valuable system for the evaluation of small-molecule inhibitors of cathepsins.
Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Structural Biology, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Dejan
D
Caglič
Anja
A
Globisch
Maik
M
Kindermann
Ngee-Han
NH
Lim
Volker
V
Jeske
Hans-Paul
HP
Juretschke
Eckart
E
Bartnik
K Ulrich
KU
Weithmann
Hideaki
H
Nagase
Boris
B
Turk
K Ulrich
KU
Wendt
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000378:metabolism*; D057056:Cysteine Proteases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology*; D007930:Leucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010619:Phenazines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D015054:Zymosan
C560448:AW 091; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007211:Indoles; D010619:Phenazines; D003907:Dexamethasone; D015054:Zymosan; D002403:Cathepsins; D057056:Cysteine Proteases; D007930:Leucine; C024974:E 64