Erythropoietin and the effect of oxygen during proliferation and differentiation of human neural progenitor cells.
BACKGROUND
Hypoxia plays a critical role in various cellular mechanisms, including proliferation and differentiation of neural stem and progenitor cells. In the present study, we explored the impact of lowered oxygen on the differentiation potential of human neural progenitor cells, and the role of erythropoietin in the differentiation process.


RESULTS
In this study we demonstrate that differentiation of human fetal neural progenitor cells under hypoxic conditions results in an increased neurogenesis. In addition, expansion and proliferation under lowered oxygen conditions also increased neuronal differentiation, although proliferation rates were not altered compared to normoxic conditions. Erythropoietin partially mimicked these hypoxic effects, as shown by an increase of the metabolic activity during differentiation and protection of differentiated cells from apoptosis.


CONCLUSIONS
These results provide evidence that hypoxia promotes the differentiation of human fetal neural progenitor cells, and identifies the involvement of erythropoietin during differentiation as well as different cellular mechanisms underlying the induction of differentiation mediated by lowered oxygen levels.
Albrecht-Kossel-Institute for Neuroregeneration, Centre for Mental Health Disease, University of Rostock, Germany.
Anne-Katrin
AK
Giese
Jana
J
Frahm
Rayk
R
Hübner
Jiankai
J
Luo
Andreas
A
Wree
Moritz J
MJ
Frech
Arndt
A
Rolfs
Stefanie
S
Ortinau
D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin / Q000378:metabolism
D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin; D004921:Erythropoietin; D010100:Oxygen