Structural studies of NF-κB signaling.
NF-κBs are a family of transcription factors that control a number of essential cellular functions including immune responses, cell proliferation and antiapoptosis. NF-κB activities are tightly regulated through upstream signaling molecules and downstream feedback loops. In this review, structural discoveries in the NF-κB pathway are presented. With the structure information, the following questions may be addressed: (1) How do NF-κBs activate their target genes? (2) How do IκBs inhibit NF-κB activities in the steady state? (3) How do upstream signaling molecules activate the NF-κB pathway? and (4) How do the feedback loops shut down the NF-κB pathway to avoid constitutive NF-κB activation?
Department of Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Chao
C
Zheng
Qian
Q
Yin
Hao
H
Wu
D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015398:Signal Transduction; D047988:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
C491731:IKBKG protein, human; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047988:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Peptides and Proteins; D004247:DNA; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase