Inulin-type fructans with prebiotic properties counteract GPR43 overexpression and PPARγ-related adipogenesis in the white adipose tissue of high-fat diet-fed mice.
Inulin-type fructans (ITF) are nondigestible/fermentable carbohydrates which are able - through the modification of the gut microbiota - to counteract high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity, endotoxemia and related-metabolic alterations. However, their influence on adipose tissue metabolism has been poorly studied until now. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of ITF supplementation on adipose tissue metabolism, by focusing on a G protein-coupled receptor (GPR), GPR43, as a potential link between gut fermentation processes and white adipose tissue development. Male C57bl6/J mice were fed a standard diet or an HF diet without or with ITF (0.2 g/day per mouse) during 4 weeks. The HF diet induced an accumulation of large adipocytes, promoted peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARγ)-activated differentiation factors and led to a huge increase in GPR43 expression in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. All those effects were blunted by ITF treatment, which modulated the gut microbiota in favor of bifidobacteria at the expense of Roseburia spp. and of Clostridium cluster XIVa. The dietary modulation of GPR43 expression seems independent of endotoxemia, in view of data obtained in vivo (acute and chronic lipopolysaccharides treatment). In conclusion, ITF, which promote gut fermentation, paradoxically counteract GPR43 overexpression induced in the adipose tissue by an HF diet, a phenomenon that correlates with a beneficial effect on adiposity and with potential decrease in PPARγ-activated processes.
Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, LDRI, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Evelyne M
EM
Dewulf
Patrice D
PD
Cani
Audrey M
AM
Neyrinck
Sam
S
Possemiers
Ann
A
Van Holle
Giulio G
GG
Muccioli
Louise
L
Deldicque
Laure B
LB
Bindels
Barbara D
BD
Pachikian
Florence M
FM
Sohet
Eric
E
Mignolet
Marc
M
Francaux
Yvan
Y
Larondelle
Nathalie M
NM
Delzenne
D050156:Adipogenesis; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D059305:Diet, High-Fat / Q000009:adverse effects; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005630:Fructans / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007444:Inulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D056692:Prebiotics / Q000032:analysis*; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*
D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D004041:Dietary Fats; C493411:Fabp4 protein, mouse; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; C506481:Ffar2 protein, mouse; D005630:Fructans; D047495:PPAR gamma; D056692:Prebiotics; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D007444:Inulin