Population attributable numbers and fractions of deaths due to smoking: a pooled analysis of 180,000 Japanese.
OBJECTIVE
Age- and sex-specific population attributable fraction (PAF) and premature deaths attributable to smoking were estimated from a pooled analysis of cohort studies in Japan.


METHODS
A pooled analysis of individual participant data from 13 well-qualified cohort studies throughout Japan (a total of 183,251 Japanese aged 40-89, 69,502 men and 113,749 women; the baseline years between 1987 and 1995 with average 10 years of follow-up) was performed. Poison regression model was used to estimate age- and sex-specific hazard ratios, and their PAFs of all-cause deaths and number of annual premature deaths attributable to smoking were estimated.


RESULTS
Overall PAF attributable to smoking was 24.6% in men and 6.0% in women. The estimated number of annual premature deaths due to smoking was 121,854 (men: 109,998; women: 11,856) in Japan. The age-specific PAF was largest in men aged 60-69 (47.7%) and in women aged 50-59 (12.2%). In the older group aged 70-79 and 80-89, PAF was 15.4% and 8.0% in men and 3.5% and 1.5% in women, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Age-specific PAFs attributable to smoking in Japanese men are much larger than that reported from other Asian countries.
Department of Medical Statistics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan. ymura@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
Yoshitaka
Y
Murakami
Katsuyuki
K
Miura
Tomonori
T
Okamura
Hirotsugu
H
Ueshima
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012907:Smoking / Q000401:mortality*