Heart disease occurs in a biological, psychological, and social matrix: cardiac risk factors, symptom presentation, and recovery as illustrative examples.
Despite the basic premise of behavioral medicine that understanding and treatment of physical well-being require a full appreciation of the confluence of micro-, molar-, and macro-variables, the field tends to focus on linear, causal relationships. In this paper, we argue that more attention be given to a dynamic matrix approach, which assumes that biological, psychological, and social elements are interconnected and continually influence each other (consistent with the biopsychosocial model). To illustrate, the authors draw from their independent and collaborative research programs on overlapping cardiac risk factors, symptom interpretation, and treatment delay for cardiac care and recovery from heart disease. "Cabling" across biological, psychological, and social variables is considered as a transformative strategy for medicine and the other health-related disciplines.
Department of Psychology, Spence Laboratories, University of Iowa, Iowa, 52242, USA. Jerry-suls@uiowa.edu
Jerry
J
Suls
René
R
Martin
D001294:Attitude to Health; D001524:Behavioral Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012307:Risk Factors