Characterization and online detection of surfactin isomers based on HPLC-MS(n) analyses and their inhibitory effects on the overproduction of nitric oxide and the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages.
A rapid method for characterization and online detection of surfactin isomers was developed based on HPLC-MS(n) (n = 1, 2, 3) analyses, and many surfactin isomers were detected and characterized from the bioactive fraction of the mangrove bacterium Bacillus sp. Inhibitory activities of surfactin isomers on the overproduction of nitric oxide and the release of TNF-α and IL-6 in LPS-induced macrophages were systematically investigated. It was revealed that the surfactin isomers showed strong inhibitory properties on the overproduction of nitric oxide and the release of IL-6 on LPS-induced murine macrophage cell RAW264.7 with IC(50) values ranging from 1.0 to 7.0 μM. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies revealed that the existence of the free carboxyl group in the structure of surfactin isomers was crucial. These findings will be very helpful for the development of this novel kind of natural product as new anti-inflammatory agents.
Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, Guangdong, China. gztangjinshan@126.com
Jin-Shan
JS
Tang
Feng
F
Zhao
Hao
H
Gao
Yi
Y
Dai
Zhi-Hong
ZH
Yao
Kui
K
Hong
Jia
J
Li
Wen-Cai
WC
Ye
Xin-Sheng
XS
Yao
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001407:Bacillus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D055666:Lipopeptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019684:Magnoliopsida; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C009365:surfactin peptide; D009569:Nitric Oxide