Infectivity of HBV DNA positive donations identified in look-back studies in Hyogo-Prefecture, Japan.
OBJECTIVE
To clarify transfusion incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infected blood negative for mini pool-nucleic acid amplification testing (MP-NAT).


BACKGROUND
Japanese Red Cross (JRC) blood centres screen donated blood to avoid contamination with HBV. However, a low copy number of HBV may be overlooked.


METHODS
In Hyogo-Prefecture, JRC blood centres screened 787 695 donations for HBV from April 2005 to March 2009. Of these, 685 844 were donations from the repeat donors. To detect the donors with HBV, serological tests, MP-NAT and/or individual donation (ID)-NAT were performed. To detect the recipients with transfusion-transmitted HBV infection (TTHBI), serological analysis and/or ID-NAT were performed.


RESULTS
In this study, 265 of the 685 844 repeat donations were serologically and/or MP-NAT positive for HBV. Their repository samples from the previous donation were examined in a look-back study; 13 of the 265 repository samples proved ID-NAT positive. Twelve recipients were transfused with HBV-infected blood components derived from 10 of the 13 HBV-infected donors. Only 1 of the 12 recipients was identified as TTHBI case. Seven of the 12 recipients escaped from our follow-up study and 4 recipients were negative for HBV during the observation period.


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of the look-back study among the repeat donors in Hyogo-Prefecture, Japan, donations with HBV-infected blood negative for MP-NAT occurred with a frequency of 13 in 685 844 donations (∼1/53 000 donations). However, more than half of the recipients transfused with HBV-infected blood negative for MP-NAT could not be followed up. It is necessary to establish a more cautious follow-up system.
Department of Science and Technology, Japanese Red Cross Hyogo Blood Centre, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Japan. bouike@hyogo.bc.jrc.or.jp
Y
Y
Bouike
S
S
Imoto
O
O
Mabuchi
A
A
Kokubunji
S
S
Kai
M
M
Okada
R
R
Taniguchi
S
S
Momose
S
S
Uchida
H
H
Nishio
D015415:Biomarkers; D001782:Blood Donors; D058731:Blood Safety / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014766:Viremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D014774:Virulence
D015415:Biomarkers; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens