ABC transporters in the CNS - an inventory.
In the present review we provide a summary of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters in the central nervous system (CNS). Our review is focused on transporters of the ABC A, B, C, D, and G families that have been detected in the cells of the neurovascular unit/blood-brain barrier including brain capillary endothelial cells, pericytes, astrocytes, and neurons, as well as in other brain cells, such as microglia, oligodendrocytes, and choroid plexus epithelial cells. In this review, we provide an overview, organized by ABC family, of transporter expression, localization, and function. We summarize recent findings on ABC transporter regulation in the CNS and address the role of ABC transporters in CNS diseases including brain cancer, seizures/epilepsy, and Alzheimer's disease. Finally, we discuss new therapeutic strategies focused on ABC transporters in CNS disease.
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, 1110 Kirby Dr, Duluth, MN 55812, USA.
A M S
AM
Hartz
B
B
Bauer
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters