Fluoro jade-C staining in the assessment of brain injury after deep hypothermia circulatory arrest.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of Fluoro Jade-C staining (FJC) in the assessment of brain injury after deep hypothermia circulatory arrest (DHCA).


METHODS
Six healthy adult miniature male pigs underwent DHCA, the rectal temperature was down to 18°C, circulation was stopped , circulatory arrest was maintained for 60 minutes. On postoperative day 1, perfusion-fixation was performed on brain tissue. Cerebral cortex, hippocampus, cerebellum were taken for sampling. FJC, hematoxylin-eosin staining (HE), nissl staining (NISSL), terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) were performed to detect the histological and pathological changes. Histological scores of all slices were ranked. Comparison between the FJC and other techniques was done by analysis of variance (ANOVA) according to histological scores.


RESULTS
All animals survived the operation. On the cerebral cortex, in comparison of FJC between HE, NISSL and TUNEL, the p value was 0.90, 0.40, 0.16 respectively (p>0.05). On the hippocampus, the comparison of FJC with HE, NISSL and TUNEL had a p value of 0.12, 0.23, 0.62 respectively (p>0.05). On the cerebellum, in comparing FJC with HE, NISSL and TUNEL, the p value was 0.96, 0.77, 0.96 respectively (p>0.05). On representative regions, the results of FJC were in accordance with that of TUNEL, NISSL and HE. Furthermore, ascertainment of brain injury is easier with FJC.


CONCLUSIONS
FJC is a reliable and convenient method to assess brain injury after DHCA.
Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100029, China.
Ren
R
Wang
Wei-Guo
WG
Ma
Guo-Dong
GD
Gao
Qun-Xia
QX
Mao
Jun
J
Zheng
Li-Zhong
LZ
Sun
Ying-Long
YL
Liu
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods; D050792:Circulatory Arrest, Deep Hypothermia Induced / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005452:Fluoresceins; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D013552:Swine
D005452:Fluoresceins; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C435731:fluoro jade