Integrity of erythrocytes of hypercholesterolemic and normocholesterolemic rats during ingestion of different structured lipids.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the effect of medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA)-rich mustard oil and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich mustard oil on erythrocyte membrane composition and osmotic fragility in normal and hypercholesterolemic rats.


METHODS
Membrane composition was analyzed using standard kits. Osmotic fragility was determined using method described by Dacie and Lewis. Fatty acid composition of membrane was analyzed using gas chromatographic methods. Membrane shape analysis was performed using scanning electron microscope.


RESULTS
Osmotic fragility data suggested that the erythrocyte membrane of hypercholesterolemic rats were relatively more fragile than that of the normal rat's membrane, which could be reversed with the addition of MCFA- and PUFA-rich oil in the diet. The increased plasma cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rats could also be lowered by the experimental oils. There was also marked changes in the fatty acid composition of the plasma and erythrocyte membrane phospholipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased in the plasma of the hypercholesterolemic subjects were increased with the treatment of the experimental oils. Shape changes of the membrane holes were observed in the hypercholesterolemic condition, which was brought to normal shape with the administration of the experimental oils.


CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, rat erythrocytes appear to be deformed and became more fragile in cholesterol-rich blood. This deformity and fragility was partially reversed by experimental oils by virtue of their ability to lower the extent of hypercholesterolemia.
Department of Chemical Technology, University College of Science & Technology, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, India.
Avery
A
Sengupta
Mahua
M
Ghosh
D000818:Animals; D048430:Cell Shape; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000009:adverse effects; D003652:Decanoic Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009996:Osmotic Fragility; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D003652:Decanoic Acids; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; C031071:decanoic acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid