Dietary fiber and flavan-3-ols in shortbread biscuits enriched with barley flours co-products.
The coarse fraction obtained by air classification of barley flour, rich in dietary fiber and flavan-3-ols, was utilized to develop functional biscuits. The flavan-3-ol content, antioxidant activity and oxidative stability of biscuits were measured during storage under retail conditions for 1 year. The replacement of 60% (w/w) refined wheat flour with barley coarse fraction increased the ash, fiber and flavan-3-ol contents significantly. Biscuit samples enriched with barley coarse fraction had a significantly higher amount of fiber compared with the control sample (six times higher). The β-glucan content in enriched samples was 15 times higher than control samples. The flavan-3-ol loss in biscuits after baking was about 67%. The initial content of flavan-3-ols increased from 0.6 to 4.3 mg/100 g in biscuits formulated with barley coarse fraction and showed improved antioxidant properties. Lipid oxidation increased during the shelf-life; the enriched biscuit showed the higher lipid oxidation status, but the level reached during the shelf-life was lower than the limit of acceptance reported for bakery products and, for this reason, does not compromise the safety.
Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Cesena, Italy. vito.verardo@unibo.it
Vito
V
Verardo
Ylenia
Y
Riciputi
Maria Cristina
MC
Messia
Melania
M
Vallicelli
Luisa
L
Falasca
Emanuele
E
Marconi
Maria Fiorenza
MF
Caboni
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis*; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis*; D005433:Flour / Q000032:analysis*; D005511:Food Handling; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000032:analysis*; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D014908:Triticum; D047071:beta-Glucans / Q000032:analysis*
D000975:Antioxidants; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005419:Flavonoids; D047071:beta-Glucans; C404987:flavan-3-ol