Correlation between plantar foot temperature and diabetic neuropathy: a case study by using an infrared thermal imaging technique.
BACKGROUND
Diabetic neuropathy consists of multiple clinical manifestations of which loss of sensation is most prominent. High temperatures under the foot coupled with reduced or complete loss of sensation can predispose the patient to foot ulceration. The aim of this study was to look at the correlation between plantar foot temperature and diabetic neuropathy using a noninvasive infrared thermal imaging technique.


METHODS
Infrared thermal imaging, a remote and noncontact experimental tool, was used to study the plantar foot temperatures of 112 subjects with type 2 diabetes selected from a tertiary diabetes centre in South India.


RESULTS
Patients with diabetic neuropathy (defined as vibration perception threshold (VPT) values on biothesiometry greater than 20 V) had a higher foot temperature (32-35 °C) compared to patients without neuropathy (27-30 °C). Diabetic subjects with neuropathy also had higher mean foot temperature (MFT) (p=.001) compared to non-neuropathic subjects. MFT also showed a positive correlation with right great toe (r=0.301, p=.001) and left great toe VPT values (r=0.292, p=.002). However, there was no correlation between glycated hemoglobin and MFT.


CONCLUSIONS
Infrared thermal imaging may be used as an additional tool for evaluation of high risk diabetic feet.
Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India.
Subramnaiam
S
Bagavathiappan
John
J
Philip
Tammana
T
Jayakumar
Baldev
B
Raj
Pallela Narayana Someshwar
PN
Rao
Muthukrishnan
M
Varalakshmi
Viswanathan
V
Mohan
D000328:Adult; D001831:Body Temperature; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000294:innervation*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012684:Sensory Thresholds; D013817:Thermography / Q000379:methods*; D014732:Vibration