Circadian integration of metabolism and energetics.
Circadian clocks align behavioral and biochemical processes with the day/night cycle. Nearly all vertebrate cells possess self-sustained clocks that couple endogenous rhythms with changes in cellular environment. Genetic disruption of clock genes in mice perturbs metabolic functions of specific tissues at distinct phases of the sleep/wake cycle. Circadian desynchrony, a characteristic of shift work and sleep disruption in humans, also leads to metabolic pathologies. Here, we review advances in understanding the interrelationship among circadian disruption, sleep deprivation, obesity, and diabetes and implications for rational therapeutics for these conditions.
Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. j-bass@northwestern.edu
Joseph
J
Bass
Joseph S
JS
Takahashi
D000818:Animals; D057906:Circadian Clocks / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D025461:Feedback, Physiological; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D053263:Gene Regulatory Networks; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways; D008660:Metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D020178:Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic