Driving chromosome segregation: lessons from the human and Drosophila centromere-kinetochore machinery.
The kinetochore is a complex molecular machine that serves as the interface between sister chromatids and the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore assembles at a particular chromosomal locus, the centromere, which is essential to maintain genomic stability during cell division. The kinetochore is a macromolecular puzzle of subcomplexes assembled in a hierarchical manner and fulfils three main functions: microtubule attachment, chromosome and sister chromatid movement, and regulation of mitotic progression though the spindle assembly checkpoint. In the present paper we compare recent results on the assembly, organization and function of the kinetochore in human and Drosophila cells and conclude that, although essential functions are highly conserved, there are important differences that might help define what is a minimal chromosome segregation machinery.
IBMC-Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Bernardo
B
Orr
Olga
O
Afonso
Tália
T
Feijão
Claudio E
CE
Sunkel
D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002503:Centromere / Q000378:metabolism*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins