Reoperative midface trauma.
Reoperative midface surgery can be challenging. Although well-established surgical principles are still the basis of surgical approaches and techniques, the advent of new materials and technologies brings about opportunities to achieve the best possible outcomes with bony reconstruction and more precise results. Soft tissue deformities continue to be some of the most challenging, especially as they relate to the orbit, but continually evolving techniques offer improved results for volume corrections to treat enophthalmos and diplopia. Conventional orthognathic and reconstructive rhinoplasty techniques can also be applied to great effect and with satisfying results to treat posttraumatic malocclusions and nasal deformities.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland Medical System, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Robin S
RS
Yang
Andrew R
AR
Salama
John F
JF
Caccamese
D004172:Diplopia / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D015841:Enophthalmos / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D005151:Facial Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D010027:Osteotomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D013515:Surgery, Oral / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed