Decreased expression of Cyr61 is associated with prostate cancer recurrence after surgical treatment.
OBJECTIVE
Cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61 (Cyr61) is an extracellular matrix protein involved in the transduction of growth factor and hormone signaling. Previous studies have suggested that Cyr61 may be a marker for a more aggressive phenotype. In this study, we evaluated the association between Cyr61 staining intensity and subsequent recurrence after surgical treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer.


METHODS
A study of 229 men with recurrence and 229 controls matched on age, race, pathologic stage, and Gleason sum nested in a cohort of men who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer, utilizing immunohistochemistry analysis of tissue microarray (TMA) sections, was conducted. Odds ratios (OR) of recurrence and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression.


RESULTS
Recurrence was identified in 12.2% of cases, and in 24.0% of controls that had at least 1 TMA spot containing cancer with a staining intensity of 3 (P = 0.001). Taking into account age, pathologic stage and grade, presurgery prostate-specific antigen concentration, and calendar of surgery as a measure of tissue block storage time, men with a Cyr61 staining intensity of 3 were 56% less likely to recur than men with a lower staining intensity (OR = 0.44, 95% CI = 0.22-0.90).


CONCLUSIONS
High Cyr61 staining intensity in adenocarcinoma was associated with a lower risk of recurrence after surgical treatment of prostate cancer independent of pathologic tumor characteristics. If validated in other sample sets, Cyr61 may serve as a tissue biomarker for stratifying men for risk of recurrence and thus could inform treatment decision making.
Brady Urological Institute, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
Katherine B
KB
D'Antonio
Lucianna
L
Schultz
Roula
R
Albadine
Alison M
AM
Mondul
Elizabeth A
EA
Platz
George J
GJ
Netto
Robert H
RH
Getzenberg
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055515:Cysteine-Rich Protein 61 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D055515:Cysteine-Rich Protein 61