Antinociceptive activity of atranorin in mice orofacial nociception tests.
Physicochemical characterization and antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of atranorin (AT) extracted from Cladina kalbii Ahti in formalin- and capsaicin-induced orofacial pain and anti-inflammatory tests in rodents were studied. Physicochemical characterization showed that AT has the general formula C19H18O8. Male Swiss mice were pretreated with AT (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, i.p.), morphine (3 mg/kg, i.p.), or vehicle (0.9% saline with two drops of 0.2% Tween 80) before formalin (20 microl, 2%) or capsaicin (20 microl, 2.5 microg) were injected into the right vibrissa. Our results showed that i.p. treatment with AT displayed marked inhibitory effects in different orofacial pain tests in mice. AT (400 mg/kg, i.p.) was effective in reducing the nociceptive face-rubbing behavioural response in both phases of the formalin test, which was also naloxone-sensitive. Additionally, AT produced a significant antinociceptive effect at all doses in the capsaicin test. Such results were unlikely to be provoked by motor abnormality, since AT-treated mice exhibited no performance alteration on the rota rod apparatus. AT exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the acute model of inflammation (leukocyte migration to the peritoneal cavity), carrageenan- and arachidonic acid-induced hind paw edema in rats. Additionally, AT exhibited a dose-dependent antioxidant activity in vitro, as assessed by total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter and total antioxidant reactivity assays. All these findings suggest that AT might represent an important tool for the management of orofacial pain and/or inflammatory disorders.
Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Campus Universitário Prof. Aloisio de Campos, Av. Marechal Rondom, s/n, CEP 49.100-000, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil.
Rosana S
RS
Siqueira
Leonardo R
LR
Bonjardim
Adriano A S
AA
Araújo
Bruno E S
BE
Araújo
Marcélia G D
MG
Melo
Marília G B
MG
Oliveira
Daniel P
DP
Gelain
Francilene A
FA
Silva
Josimari M
JM
DeSantana
Ricardo L C
RL
Albuquerque-Júnior
Ricardo F
RF
Rocha
José C F
JC
Moreira
Angelo R
AR
Antoniolli
Lucindo J
LJ
Quintans-Júnior
D000485:Allergens / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002351:Carrageenan; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045442:Rotarod Performance Test
D000485:Allergens; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; C026304:atranorin; D009020:Morphine; D002351:Carrageenan