Involvement of K(+) channels in the augmented nasal venous responsiveness to nitric oxide in rat model of allergic rhinitis.
OBJECTIVE
one of the factors of nasal obstruction observed in allergic rhinitis is thought to be a dilatation of microveins in nasal mucosa, although the exact mechanism(s) is not fully understood. In nasal mucosae of repeatedly antigen challenged rats, NO-induced venodilatation itself is augmented. In the present study, the roles of K(+) channels in sodium nitroprusside (NO donor; SNP)-induced venodilatation of nasal mucosae in antigen-challenged rats were investigated.


METHODS
actively sensitized rats were repeatedly challenged with aerosolized antigen. Twenty-four hours after the final antigen challenge, nasal septum mucosa was exposed surgically and observed directly in vivo under a stereoscopic microscope. The 20μl reagents were administered onto the exposed septal mucosal surface, and the venous diameters of nasal mucosa were observed.


RESULTS
the SNP-induced venodilatation of septal mucosa was markedly and significantly increased in the antigen-challenged rats. The SNP-induced venodilatation was significantly inhibited by pretreatment with either tetraethylammonium [TEA; a large-conductance Ca(2+) activated-K(+) (K(Ca)) and voltage dependent K(+) (Kv) channel inhibitor] or glibenclamide [an ATP sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel inhibitor].


CONCLUSIONS
these findings suggest that NO-induced venodilatation is augmented in nasal mucosae of challenged rats, and K(+) channels play an important role in the augmented venous responsiveness to NO in nasal mucosae of repeatedly antigen challenged rats.
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan. sakai@hoshi.ac.jp
Hiroyasu
H
Sakai
Jun
J
Enzaka
Michiko
M
Sakai-Oshita
Futa
F
Uto
Yoshihiko
Y
Chiba
Miwa
M
Misawa
D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D004140:Dinitrophenols / Q000276:immunology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D054086:KATP Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051037:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000235:genetics; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051669:Shab Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics; D019789:Tetraethylammonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D014611:Vaccination; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014699:Venules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel
D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D004140:Dinitrophenols; D005905:Glyburide; D054086:KATP Channels; D051037:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel alpha Subunits; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009599:Nitroprusside; D010656:Phenylephrine; D015221:Potassium Channels; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D024642:Potassium Channels, Voltage-Gated; D051669:Shab Potassium Channels; D019789:Tetraethylammonium; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel; C494842:Kcnma1 protein, rat; C440639:ascaris suum 14-kDa antigen; C092520:uK-ATP-1 potassium channel