In vitro cytotoxicity of transparent yellow iron oxide nanoparticles on human glioma cells.
With rapid development of nanotechnology, concerns about the possible adverse health effects on human beings by using nanomaterials have been raised. Transparent yellow iron oxide (alpha-FeOOH) nanoparticles have been widely used in paints, plastic, rubber, building materials, papermaking, food products and pharmaceutical industry, thus the potential health implications by the exposure should be considered. The purpose of this study is to assess the cytotoxicity of transparent yellow iron oxide nanoparticles on U251 human glioma cells. The alpha-FeOOH nanoparticles are in clubbed shapes with 9 nm in diameter and 43 nm long. The specific surface area is 115.3 m2/g. After physicochemical characterization of the nanoparticles, U251 cells were exposed to a-FeOOH at the doses of 0, 3.75, 15, 60 and 120 microg/mL. The results showed that the alpha-FeOOH nanoparticles reduced the cell viability and induced necrosis and apoptosis in U251 cells. In addition, nanoparticle exposure significantly increased the levels of superoxide anion and nitric oxide in a dose-dependent fashion in the cells. Our results suggest that exposure to alpha-FeOOH nanoparticles induce significant free radical formation and cytotoxic effects. The large surface area that induced high surface reactivity may play an important role in the cytotoxic effect of alpha-FeOOH nanoparticles.
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Yun
Y
Wang
Mo-Tao
MT
Zhu
Bing
B
Wang
Meng
M
Wang
Hua-Jian
HJ
Wang
Hong
H
OuYang
Wei-Yue
WY
Feng
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D058085:Iron Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D008027:Light; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
D058085:Iron Compounds; D008903:Minerals; D013481:Superoxides; C094886:goethite; D009569:Nitric Oxide