Mechanisms of statin treatment in cerebral vasospasm.
3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase inhibitors, commonly known as statins, are widely used clinically for their lipid lowering properties. Recent experimental evidence shows that statins are also effective in ameliorating cerebral vasospasm, which occurs as sequelae of subarachnoid hemorrhage. This literature review focuses on the literature-based putative mechanisms involved in statin mediated attenuation of cerebral vasospasm, such as eNOS, vascular inflammation, apoptosis, especially the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt (PI3K/Akt) pathway from our experimental study.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA.
Takashi
T
Sugawara
Robert
R
Ayer
Vikram
V
Jadhav
Wanqiu
W
Chen
Tamiji
T
Tsubokawa
John H
JH
Zhang
D000818:Animals; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology
D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D019821:Simvastatin; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt