Endpoints in pediatric pain studies.
Assessing pain intensity in (preverbal) children is more difficult than in adults. Tools to measure pain are being used as primary endpoints [e.g., pain intensity, time to first (rescue) analgesia, total analgesic consumption, adverse effects, and long-term effects] in studies on the effects of analgesic drugs. Here, we review current and promising new endpoints used in pediatric pain assessment studies.
Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
Monique
M
van Dijk
Ilse
I
Ceelie
Dick
D
Tibboel
D000700:Analgesics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D023381:Endpoint Determination / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods*
D000700:Analgesics