High-resolution genomic profiling of male breast cancer reveals differences hidden behind the similarities with female breast cancer.
Male breast cancer (MBC) is extremely rare and poorly characterized on the molecular level. Using high-resolution genomic data, we aimed to characterize MBC by genomic imbalances and to compare it with female breast cancer (FBC), and further to investigate whether the genomic profiles hold any prognostic information. Fifty-six fresh frozen MBC tumors were analyzed using high-resolution tiling BAC arrays. Significant regions in common between cases were assessed using Genomic Identification of Significant Targets in Cancer (GISTIC) analysis. A publicly available genomic data set of 359 FBC tumors was used for reference purposes. The data revealed a broad pattern of aberrations, confirming that MBC is a heterogeneous tumor type. Genomic gains were more common in MBC than in FBC and often involved whole chromosome arms, while losses of genomic material were less frequent. The most common aberrations were similar between the genders, but high-level amplifications were more common in FBC. We identified two genomic subgroups among MBCs; male-complex and male-simple. The male-complex subgroup displayed striking similarities with the previously reported luminal-complex FBC subgroup, while the male-simple subgroup seems to represent a new subgroup of breast cancer occurring only in men. There are many similarities between FBC and MBC with respect to genomic imbalances, but there are also distinct differences as revealed by high-resolution genomic profiling. MBC can be divided into two comprehensive genomic subgroups, which may be of prognostic value. The male-simple subgroup appears notably different from any genomic subgroup so far defined in FBC.
Department of Oncology, Clinical Sciences, Lund University, BMC C13, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
Ida
I
Johansson
Cecilia
C
Nilsson
Pontus
P
Berglund
Carina
C
Strand
Göran
G
Jönsson
Johan
J
Staaf
Markus
M
Ringnér
Heli
H
Nevanlinna
Rosa B
RB
Barkardottir
Ake
A
Borg
Håkan
H
Olsson
Lena
L
Luts
Marie-Louise
ML
Fjällskog
Ingrid
I
Hedenfalk
D000328:Adult; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D024682:BRCA2 Protein / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D018567:Breast Neoplasms, Male / Q000235:genetics*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D055028:Comparative Genomic Hybridization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation
D024682:BRCA2 Protein; C551750:BRCA2 protein, human