Fabrication of microneedles using two photon polymerization for transdermal delivery of nanomaterials.
Microneedle devices for transdermal delivery of nanoscale pharmacologic agents were fabricated out of organically-modified ceramic (Ormocer) materials using two photon polymerization. Out-of-plane hollow microneedle arrays with various aspect ratios were fabricated using this rapid prototyping process. Human epidermal keratinocyte (HEK) viability on Ormocer surfaces fabricated using two photon polymerization was similar to that on control surfaces. Nanoindentation studies were performed to determine hardness and Young's modulus values for Ormocer materials. Microneedies were shown to enable more rapid distribution of the PEG-amine quantum dot solution to the deep epidermis and dermis layers of porcine skin than topical administration. Our results suggest that two photon polymerization may be used to create microneedle arrays for transdermal delivery of nanoscale pharmacologic agents.
Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695, USA.
Anand
A
Doraiswamy
Aleksandr
A
Ovsianikov
Shaun D
SD
Gittard
Nancy A
NA
Monteiro-Riviere
Rene
R
Crombez
Eva
E
Montalvo
Weidian
W
Shen
Boris N
BN
Chichkov
Roger J
RJ
Narayan
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D055616:Microtechnology / Q000379:methods*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009339:Needles; D058105:Polymerization; D045663:Quantum Dots; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine
D001672:Biocompatible Materials