High-dose oxytocin is not associated with maternal temperature elevation: a retrospective cohort study of mid-trimester pregnancy with intrauterine fetal demise.
BACKGROUND
Maternal intrapartum fever has been associated with an increased incidence of neonatal morbidity. In this retrospective cohort study, we evaluated whether intravenous oxytocin has a fever-inducing effect. Oxytocin augments secretion of prostaglandins E(2) and F(2α) which are inflammatory mediators known to elevate body temperature.


METHODS
Between January 2005 and June 2008, 279 patients were admitted with mid-trimester fetal demise. Patients meeting inclusion criteria included 34 women who received a high-dose intravenous oxytocin regimen and 29 patients who delivered after spontaneous labor without the need for augmentation. Oral temperatures were measured on admission and at delivery.


RESULTS
The median length of oxytocin infusion was 5.3h. The calculated temperature change was -0.14°C in the oxytocin group and +0.12°C in the control group. These findings were confirmed in a model adjusted for patients' white blood cell count and duration of labor. We did not observe an effect of analgesia type, epidural versus intravenous analgesia, on duration of labor.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on this comparative analysis of pregnant women who received high-doses of oxytocin, we found insufficient evidence to support that high-dose intravenous oxytocin elevates intrapartum maternal temperature.
Department of Anesthesiology and Center for the Development of Functional Imaging (CDFI), University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35080, USA. froelich@uab.edu
M A
MA
Frölich
A
A
Esame
W M
WM
Warren Iii
J
J
Owen
D000328:Adult; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D016014:Linear Models; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D010120:Oxytocics; D010121:Oxytocin