Supersensitive detection of T-2 toxin by the in situ synthesized π-conjugated molecularly imprinted nanopatterns. An in situ investigation by surface plasmon resonance combined with electrochemistry.
A π-conjugated molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) with nanopatterns for T-2 toxin (T-2) was prepared on SPR chip by in situ electropolymerization of 3-aminophenylboronicacid (3-APBA) with T-2. The complete removal of T-2 from polymer was confirmed in situ by SPR and EIS and also ex situ by SEM, EDAX, fluorescence microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. SEM image of T-2 MIP exhibited nanopatterns due to imprinting of T-2. The MIP of T-2 showed a linear response for T-2 from 2.1 fM to 33.6 fM with a detection limit of 0.1 fM (0.05 pg/mL). In this study, thermodynamic parameters such as change in Gibb's free energy (ΔG), change in enthalpy (ΔH) and change in entropy (ΔS) were determined and the values revealed that the interaction between T-2 and T-2 MIP as spontaneous, endothermic and entropy driven one. Moreover, interactions of very high concentration of interferents with T-2 MIP showed very less response due to the presence of nanopatterns of T-2 in the T-2 MIP. Equilibrium constant (12.7 fM) obtained in this study indicates the super binding affinity of T-2 with T-2 MIP. Moreover, the present methodology provides an outline to develop field-detection equipment capable of detecting T-2 toxin at or well below the guideline concentrations recommended by American subcommittee on military field drinking water.
Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, Madhya Pradesh, India.
Garima
G
Gupta
A S B
AS
Bhaskar
B K
BK
Tripathi
P
P
Pandey
M
M
Boopathi
P V Lakshmana
PV
Rao
Beer
B
Singh
R
R
Vijayaraghavan
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003217:Conductometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000295:instrumentation*; D018511:Systems Integration; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000032:analysis*
D013605:T-2 Toxin