The effect of dietary Panax ginseng polysaccharide extract on the immune responses in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei.
The immunostimulatory effects of orally administered Panax ginseng root or its polysaccharides (GSP) in white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, were investigated in this study. Shrimp were fed a diet containing 0.4 g kg⁻¹ GSP over a period of 84 days, during which the activities of total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), acid phosphatase (ACP), and alkaline phosphatase (AKP), as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) content, and expressions of cytosolic superoxide dismutase (cyt-SOD), CAT, GSH-Px, and peroxiredoxin (Prx) genes were determined in various tissues of the shrimp. Results showed that the shrimp fed the GSP diet had significantly increased ACP and AKP activities in the gills. The GSP-fed shrimp also displayed significantly increased T-SOD and GSH-Px activities in the gills and hepatopancreas of the shrimp; meanwhile there was enhanced CAT activity in the gills, but decreased MDA content in the gills, hepatopancreas and muscle. The mRNA expressions of cyt-SOD, CAT, GSH-Px and Prx were significantly elevated in the gills and hepatopancreas of the shrimp fed the GSP diet for 84 days, compared with that of the control. Therefore, GSP can be used as an immunostimulant for shrimp through dietary administration to increase immune enzyme activity and modify expression of immune genes in shrimp.
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, South China Agricultural University, 483 Wushan Road, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Xiao-Long
XL
Liu
Qian-Yun
QY
Xi
Lin
L
Yang
Hong-Yi
HY
Li
Qing-Yan
QY
Jiang
Gang
G
Shu
Song-Bo
SB
Wang
Ping
P
Gao
Xiao-Tong
XT
Zhu
Yong-Liang
YL
Zhang
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry*; D033561:Penaeidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides