Serum uric acid level is associated with metabolic syndrome and microalbuminuria in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the relationship between serum uric acid, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and albuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
A total of 504 Korean patients with type 2 diabetes aged 57.3 years were retrospectively evaluated for clinical histories, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical studies. Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) was measured by a 24-h urine collection.


RESULTS
Prevalence of MetS increased according to the quartiles of uric acid levels (≤3.7, 3.8 to 4.5, 4.6 to 5.5, and >5.5 mg/dl; 52.1%, 52.1%, 57.5%, and 71.6%, respectively, P<.001). Individual components of MetS (abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterol, high blood pressure) were also significantly associated with the highest quintile of uric acid levels. Serum uric acid levels had significantly increased risk of albuminuria [odds ratio (OR) 1.425, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.085-1.873] after adjusting for age, gender, and conventional risk factors. Uric acid level remains a significant predictor for abnormal albuminuria after adjusting for MetS presence as well as the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) (OR 1.414, 95% CI 1.071-1.868).


CONCLUSIONS
An elevated uric acid level was significantly associated with MetS and was an independent predictor of albuminuria after adjusting for conventional risk factors and MetS. Regular measurements of uric acid level could give information for predicting the presence of MetS and albuminuria in Korean type 2 diabetic patients.
Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
Eun Sook
ES
Kim
Hyuk Sang
HS
Kwon
Chul Woo
CW
Ahn
Dong Jun
DJ
Lim
Jeong Ah
JA
Shin
Seung Hwan
SH
Lee
Jae Hyoung
JH
Cho
Kun Ho
KH
Yoon
Moo Il
MI
Kang
Bong Yun
BY
Cha
Ho Young
HY
Son
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D014527:Uric Acid