The contributions of antioxidant activity of lipoic acid in reducing neurogenerative progression of Parkinson's disease: a review.
ABSTRACT This work reviews the evidence of the mechanism of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD) and the neuroprotective effect of lipoic acid and its use in the treatment of PD. PD is characterized by slow and progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to reduction of the striatal dopaminergic terminals. It is known that several factors influence neuronal damage. Among these factors, oxidative stress, immune system activity, microglial cells, and apoptotic mechanisms are of major importance. Currently, several antioxidants have been studied with the aim of reducing/slowing the progression of neurodegenerative processes. Lipoic acid is considered a universal antioxidant because it is an amphipathic substance. Lipoic acid and its reduced form, dihidrolipoic acid, act against reactive oxygen species, reducing oxidative stress. Therefore, this antioxidant has been used in the treatment of many diseases, including a new perspective for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.
Dayane Pessoa
DP
De Araújo
Rodrigo De Freitas Guimarães
Rde F
Lobato
José Rodolfo Lopes De Paiva
JR
Cavalcanti
Luis Rafael Leite
LR
Sampaio
Paulo Victor Pontes
PV
Araújo
Marcia Calheiros Chaves
MC
Silva
Kelly Rose Tavares
KR
Neves
Marta Maria De França
MM
Fonteles
Francisca Clea Florenço De
FC
Sousa
Silvania Maria Mendes
SM
Vasconcelos
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D008063:Thioctic Acid