3-dimensional analyses of outcomes following secondary treatment of unilateral cleft lip nose deformity.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze the 3-dimensional nasal forms after secondary treatment of unilateral cleft lip nose deformity.


METHODS
Thirteen Japanese adolescents with severe nose deformity associated with unilateral complete cleft lip with/without palate underwent definitive nose correction at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Hospital, and were followed for 1 to 3 years. Twenty healthy Japanese age-matched adolescents were included as controls. All patients were treated by open rhinoplasty through bilateral reverse-U incision and transcolumellar incision, correction of the columellar base with/without septoplasty, columellar strut graft, and medial-upward advancement of nasolabial components with vestibular expansion using a free mucosal graft. Pre- and postoperative nasal forms were measured using a 3-dimensional noncontact laser scanner. Angular and linear measurements, symmetry of the alar groove arch, and deviation of the nasal midline were analyzed.


RESULTS
Comparison of pre- with postoperative 3-dimensional nasal forms showed that postoperative nasal height was significantly increased (P < .01) but still shorter than that of controls. The significant preoperative differences in the nasal dorsal angle (P < .05) and bilateral alar groove arch (P < .01) disappeared after the operation. The deviation of the nasal midline was improved in the lower half of the nose (P < .05) postoperatively. There were no serious complications in any patients.


CONCLUSIONS
These surgical procedures can provide a symmetric and protruded nasal form, but there remain some differences between postoperative patients and healthy Japanese subjects.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
Takako
T
Okawachi
Etsuro
E
Nozoe
Kazuhide
K
Nishihara
Norifumi
N
Nakamura
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D055171:Nasal Cartilages / Q000601:surgery; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult