title: A polymorphism at -1607 2G in the matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) increased risk of sudden deafness in Korean population but not at -519A/G in MMP-1.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is associated with a risk of inflammatory disease and cancer invasion. Two common etiologies for sudden deafness (SD) are circulatory disturbance and inflammation. The present study aimed to investigate whether MMP-1 polymorphisms are associated with SD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study. Ninety-nine Korean SD patients and 530 normal patients (controls) were used in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of MMP-1 (at -1607G/2G and -519A/G) was analyzed using the pyrosequencing method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At MMP-1 -1607G/2G, the distributions of 2G/2G, G/2G, and G/G genotypes in controls were 36.8%, 44.3%, and 18.9%, respectively, and in SD patients were 46.5%, 48.5%, and 5.1%, respectively. The 2G/2G genotype was found to increase the risk of SD compared with the G/G genotype (codominant model: P = .0029; recessive model: P = .0003). The 2G allele was found to increase the risk of SD compared with the G allele (P = .002). At MMP1 -519A/G, there was no statistically significant increase in the risk of SD. Among haplotypes of MMP-1 polymorphisms -1607G/2G and -519A/G, 2GA and GA were found to be associated with SD (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the 2G/2G genotype is associated with an increased risk of SD compared with the G/2G and G/G genotypes. Furthermore, the 2G allele may be a risk factor for SD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology , School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Gyeong-Im
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hak-Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyoung-Ok
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Joo-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Eunyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1