title: Radiotherapy with or without surgery for maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma: should the clinical N0 neck be treated?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma is commonly diagnosed at an advanced stage and treated using radiotherapy, with or without surgical resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four patients with maxillary sinus squamous cell carcinoma were treated from 1969 to 2006, using radiotherapy, with or without surgical resection. Fifty-two (96%) patients had American Joint Committee on Cancer stages III to IV disease, and 45 (83%) patients had N0 neck disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five-year local control (LC) rates by T-stage were 63% for T2/T3; and 43% for T4. Five-year LC rates for patients treated with radiotherapy preoperatively, postoperatively, and definitively were 61%, 65%, and 37%, respectively. Initially, overall 5-year LC, neck control, and local-regional control were 49%, 82%, and 45%, respectively. The ultimate 5-year LC, neck control, and local regional control after salvage of failures were 51%, 87%, and 50%, respectively. The overall 5-year cause-specific survival was 41%. Thirty-three percent of patients had a severe complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiotherapy, with or without surgical resection, remains an effective tool in treating patients with this disease. LC, cause-specific survival, and complication rates need significant improvement. Treatment details and recommendations are discussed herein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, USA. kirwaj@shands.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Russell W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hinerman
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Indelicato
authors.forename: Christopher G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kirwan
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Werning
authors.forename: Mikhail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vaysberg
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Mendenhall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008444:Maxillary Sinus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome