title: Fermented wheat aleurone enriched with probiotic strains LGG and Bb12 modulates markers of tumor progression in human colon cells.
abstract: Fermentation of dietary fiber by the microflora enhances the levels of effective metabolites, which are potentially protective against colon cancer. The specific addition of probiotics may enhance the efficiency of fermentation of wheat aleurone, a source of dietary fiber. We investigated the effects of aleurone, fermented with fecal slurries with the addition of the probiotics LGG and Bb12 (aleurone(+)), on cell growth, apoptosis, and differentiation, as well as expression of genes related to growth and apoptosis using two different human colon cell lines (HT29: adenocarcinoma cells; LT97: adenoma cells). The efficiency of fermentation of aleurone was only slightly enhanced by the addition of LGG/Bb12, resulting in an increased concentration of butyrate. In LT97 cells, the growth inhibition of aleurone(+) was stronger than in HT29 cells. In HT29 cells, a cell cycle arrest in G(0)/G(1) and the alkaline phosphatase activity, a marker of differentiation, were enhanced by the fs aleurone(+). Treatment with all fermentation supernatants resulted in a significant increase in apoptosis and an upregulation of genes involved in cell growth and apoptosis (p21 and WNT2B). In conclusion, fs aleurone(+) modulated markers of cancer prevention, namely inhibition of cell growth and promotion of apoptosis as well as differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Institute for Nutrition, Department of Nutritional Toxicology, Jena, Germany. ankeborowicki@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borowicki
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michelmann
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scharlau
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scheu
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Obst
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glei
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000235:genetics; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand / Q000235:genetics; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase