title: Pathogenic and immunogenic responses in turkeys following in ovo exposure to avian metapneumovirus subtype C.
abstract: Commercial turkey eggs, free of antibodies to avian metapneumovirus subtype C (aMPV/C), were inoculated with aMPV/C at embryonation day (ED) 24. There was no detectable effect of virus inoculation on the hatchability of eggs. At 4 days post inoculation (DPI) (the day of hatch (ED 28)) and 9 DPI (5 days after hatch), virus replication was detected by quantitative RT-PCR in the turbinate, trachea and lung but not in the thymus or spleen. Mild histological lesions characterized by lymphoid cell infiltration were evident in the turbinate mucosa. Virus exposure inhibited the mitogenic response of splenocytes and thymocytes and upregulated gene expression of IFN-γ and IL-10 in the turbinate tissue. Turkeys hatching from virus-exposed eggs had aMPV/C-specific IgG in the serum and the lachrymal fluid. At 3 week of age, in ovo immunized turkeys were protected against a challenge with pathogenic aMPV/C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Minnesota, 1971 Commonwealth Ave., St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
authors.forename: Ra Mi
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Mahesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khatri
authors.forename: Manohar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutnal
authors.forename: Jagdev M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008934:Mitogens / Q000276:immunology; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D014422:Turkeys; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D020382:Interleukin-18; D008934:Mitogens; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma