title: GEP, a local growth factor, is critical for odontogenesis and amelogenesis.
abstract: Granulin epithelin precursor (GEP) is a new growth factor that functions in brain development, chondrogenesis, tissue regeneration, tumorigenesis, and inflammation. The goal of this study was to study whether GEP was critical for odontogenesis and amelogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. The in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry data showed that GEP was expressed in both odontoblast and ameloblast cells postnatally. Knockdown of GEP by crossing U6-ploxPneo-GEP and Sox2-Cre transgenic mice led to a reduction of dentin thickness, an increase in predentin thickness, and a reduction in mineral content in enamel. The in vitro application of recombinant GEP up-regulated molecular markers important for odontogenesis (DMP1, DSPP, and ALP) and amelogenesis (ameloblastin, amelogenin and enamelin). In conclusion, both the in vivo and the in vivo data support an important role of GEP in tooth formation during postnatal development.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, CHINA.
authors.forename: Zhengguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Baichun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yixia
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Chuan-ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000565:Ameloblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D000566:Amelogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000378:metabolism; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077153:Progranulins
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000077153:Progranulins