title: Playing wind instruments as a potential aetiologic cofactor in external cervical resorption: two case reports.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present two cases of external cervical resorption (ECR) on maxillary incisors, in which the primary aetiologic factor is suggested to be pressure trauma by frequently playing wind instruments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The exact aetiological spectrum of ECR is still poorly understood. For resorption to occur, a defect in the cementum layer (trigger) is a likely prerequisite. Whilst the mechanism for continuation (stimulus) is still unclear, knowledge of potential predisposing factors is important in assessing patients at risk. Pressure generated by playing wind instruments could present an aetiological factor in ECR because it affects the cervical region of the root surface. The cases that are presented may confirm this hypothesis and the extent of resorption defects is shown by cone-beam computer tomography (CT) and micro-focus CT imaging techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Catholic University of Leuven Department of Conservative Dentistry, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gunst
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huybrechts
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Almeida Neves
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bergmans
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Meerbeek
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lambrechts
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D009146:Music; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D012391:Root Resorption / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D019237:Tooth Cervix / Q000473:pathology*; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology