title: Use of oxytocin during early stages of labor and its effect on active management of third stage of labor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the use of oxytocin during the first and second stages of labor is associated with a higher incidence of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) in pregnant women who received active management of third stage of labor (AMTSL).
  
  
  METHODS
  A secondary data analysis from vaginal deliveries in a hospital-based cohort study from 24 maternity hospitals in South America. The primary outcomes that were analyzed were moderate PPH (≥500 mL of blood loss), severe PPH (≥1000 mL of blood loss), and need of blood transfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 11,323 vaginal deliveries were included. The incidence of moderate and severe PPH was 10.8% and 1.86%, respectively. Overall, 36% of deliveries received AMTSL. There was no association between induced/augmented labor and moderate PPH (P = .753), severe PPH (P = .273), and blood transfusion (P = .603) in the population that received AMTSL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AMTSL should be recommended, regardless of whether pregnant women received oxytocin during the first and second stages of labor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay. csosa@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Claudio G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Althabe
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Belizan
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buekens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007747:Labor Stage, First; D007748:Labor Stage, Second; D007749:Labor Stage, Third / Q000187:drug effects*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D010120:Oxytocics; D010121:Oxytocin