title: [Changes of iNOS genes expression in liver following ischemia and reperfusion of limbs and their significance in rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect the changes of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression in liver following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) of hindlimbs and to elucidate their significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  I/R was established using the occlusion of the femoral arteries for 4 h and reopening for 2-24 h in rats. The expression of iNOS mRNA, and iNOS protein and the nitrotyrosine (NT), a marker of peroxynitrite (ONOO-), in liver tissue were detected with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical technique, respectively. The liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were spectrophotometrically measured. The observation of pathologic changes of liver was made following the inhibition of iNOS by aminoguanidine (AG).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with control groups, the relative expression level of iNOS mRNA significantly increased in I/R group. There were more iNOS positive hepatocytes and more NT positive hepatocytes in I/R group than control groups. The contents of MDA markedly increased, while the activity of SOD significantly decreased in I/R group, compared with those in the control groups. The pathologic changes of rat liver became milder in I/R group following the inhibition of iNOS by AG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expressions of iNOS mRNA and protein in liver are significantly upregulated, excess induction of iNOS-NO is contributed to the liver injury during the I/R of hindlimbs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yi-ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Yu-xia
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Jun-lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D006146:Guanidines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C004479:pimagedine