title: The pharmacological management of violence in schizophrenia: a structured review.
abstract: Although the increased risk of violent behavior in individuals with schizophrenia is now well-established, there is considerable uncertainty in pharmacological strategies to reduce this risk. In this review, we performed a systematic search of three electronic databases from January 2000 to March 2010 of treatment research on the management of violence in schizophrenia. We identified eight randomized controlled trials. The main findings included the association of nonadherence to antipsychotic medication to violent outcomes, a specific anti-aggressive effect of clozapine and short-term benefits of adjunctive β-blockers. There was little evidence on the efficacy of adjunctive mood stabilizers, depot medication or electroconvulsive therapy. Future research should use validated outcomes, longer follow-up periods and investigate patients with comorbid substance misuse.
authors.affiliation: Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Anya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Topiwala
authors.forename: Seena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fazel
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003024:Clozapine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D055118:Medication Adherence; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine