title: Different etiologies of graft loss and death in Asian kidney transplant recipients: a report from Thai Transplant Registry.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kidney transplantation is the most performed solid organ transplantation in Thailand. Over 4000 patients have received kidney transplantation from 23 centers within the kingdom. This study sought to demonstrate the causes of graft loss and death in Thai patients receiving kidney transplant during the past decade.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Thai Transplant Registry database was used to evaluate the causes of graft loss and death. This database was established since 1997, a total of 2298 kidney transplants were available for analysis. Graft loss was defined as return to dialysis, graft removal, retransplantation, or death of the recipients. Patient survival was analyzed by all deaths.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 2298 recipients, 59% received organs from deceased donors. The mean age at transplantation was 42 years (SD 12) and 61% were male. The most common identified causes of the end-stage renal disease were chronic glomerulonephritis (25.3%) and hypertensive nephropathy (11.3%); half of those were unknown. Actuarial graft survival rates at 1 and 5 years were 89% and 73%, respectively. The common causes of graft loss were chronic allograft nephropathy (53%), acute rejection (15%), death with a functioning graft (15%), and transplant renal artery diseases (7%). The greatest proportion (64%) of deaths was infection owing to septicemia and/or pulmonary infection. The others were from cardiovascular deaths (12%), liver disease (6%), and malignancy (4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Graft survival rates were comparable with previous reports. However, the proportion of death with functioning graft and cardiovascular death as a cause of graft and patient loss is lower than that of Caucasian populations.
authors.affiliation: Renal Division, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. teait@mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ingsathit
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Avihingsanon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rattanasiri
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Premasathian
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pongskul
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jittikanont
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sumethkul
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents