title: Occupational exposures worldwide and revision of international standards for protection.
abstract: United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation (UNSCEAR) has become the world authority on the levels and effects of ionising radiation. Since 1975, UNSCEAR has evaluated inter alia the level of occupational exposure worldwide. Based on revised questionnaires, more detailed information is now available. The results of the last evaluation (1995-2002) will be shown in the paper. Lessons learned from the responses by UN Member States will be given, as well as an outline of plans for data collection in future cycles. The requirements for protection against exposure to ionising radiation of workers, the public and patients are established in the International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionising Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources (BSS), published in 1996. As a result of a review of the BSS in 2006, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) started a process for the revision of these standards in 2007. International organisations including the joint sponsoring organisations of the BSS-IAEA, FAO, ILO, OECD/NEA, PAHO and WHO--as well as potential new joint sponsoring organisations of the revised BSS--the European Commission and UNEP-were involved from the beginning in the revision process. The paper also provides a summary of the status of the Draft Revised BSS and describes the new format. The paper focuses, in particular, on requirements for the protection of workers as well as recordkeeping requirements, which provide the legal basis for the collection of specific data; these data are of the type that can be used by UNSCEAR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Safety and Security, Radiation Safety and Monitoring Section, International Atomic Energy Agency, PO Box 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria. r.czarwinski@iaea.org
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Czarwinski
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Crick
mesh_terms: D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies / Q000592:standards; D007391:International Cooperation; D009678:Nuclear Energy; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000592:standards; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000592:standards*; D011886:Radon; D012449:Safety; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014480:United Nations
chemical_list: D011886:Radon