title: Type of alcoholic beverage and incidence of overweight/obesity in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of alcohol on body weight might be modulated by the total amount of alcohol intake and type of alcoholic beverage. However, available results are contradictory. There is a scarcity of studies on this topic in Mediterranean areas where wine consumption is high. We prospectively evaluated the association between the type of alcoholic beverage intake and weight change in a Mediterranean cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed for an average of 6.1 y 9318 adults without previous chronic disease at baseline. Validated data on diet including alcohol consumption were collected at baseline. Weight was recorded at baseline and updated every 2 y during follow-up. The outcomes were average weight gained every year and incidence of overweight/obesity after a 6-y follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During follow-up, 1006 incident cases of overweight/obesity were identified in participants with normal weight at baseline. Beer and spirits consumption (≥7 drinks/wk) was associated with a +119 g/y (95% confidence interval +27 to +212) higher average yearly weight gain after adjusting for relevant confounders. It was also associated with a higher risk of developing overweight/obesity compared with non-drinkers. No association between wine consumption and yearly weight change or the risk of developing overweight/obesity was apparent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The type of alcoholic beverage can modulate the effect of alcohol intake on the risk of developing overweight/obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Navarra, and Department of Endocrinology, Hospital of Navarra, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sayon-Orea
authors.forename: Maira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bes-Rastrollo
authors.forename: Jorge M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nuñez-Cordoba
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Basterra-Gortari
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Beunza
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martinez-Gonzalez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D015331:Cohort Studies; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D019083:Mediterranean Region / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol