title: Toxicological evaluation and hepatoprotective potential of Clerodendron glandulosum.Coleb leaf extract.
abstract: This inventory evaluates toxicological effects and hepatoprotective potential of Clerodendron glandulosum.Coleb (CG) aqueous extract. Acute and subchronic toxicity tests were performed using Swiss albino mice as per the guideline of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Also, hepatoprotective potential of CG extract was examined in experimental model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl( 4))-induced hepatotoxicity. Acute and subchronic toxicity tests revealed that CG extract is non-toxic and its median lethal dose (LD(50)) value is >5000 mg/kg bodyweight. Also, rats pretreated with CG extract followed by administration of CCl(4) recorded significant decrement in plasma marker enzymes of hepatic damage, total bilirubin content and hepatic lipid peroxidation. While, hepatic reduced glutathione, ascorbic acid content, activity levels of superoxide and catalase and plasma total protein content were significantly increased. Microscopic examination of liver showed that pretreatment with CG extract prevented CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage in CG + CCl( 4) group. CG extract has hepatoprotective potential by modulating activity levels of enzymes and metabolites governing liver function and by helping in maintaining cellular integrity of hepatocytes that is comparable with that of standard drug silymarin. CG extract exhibits potent hepatoprotective activity against CCl(4)-induced hepatic damage but does not exhibit any toxic manifestations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Phytotherapeutics and Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.
authors.forename: Ravirajsinh N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jadeja
authors.forename: Menaka C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Thounaojam
authors.lastname: Ansarullah
authors.forename: Snehal V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Jadav
authors.forename: Mitul D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Dipak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Sunita P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Salunke
authors.forename: Geeta S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Padate
authors.forename: Ranjitsinh V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Devkar
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D032409:Clerodendrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid