title: Chemical characterization of the avenanthramide-rich extract from oat and its effect on D-galactose-induced oxidative stress in mice.
abstract: The present study was to characterize the avenanthramide-rich extract (ARE) from oat bran and assess its effect on activity and gene expression of antioxidant enzymes in D-galactose-induced oxidative-stressed mice. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis found that ARE had 6.07% N-(3',4'-dihydroxycinnamoyl)-5-hydroxyanthranilic acid (Bc), 4.37% N-(4'-hydroxycinnamoyl)-5-hydroxyanthranilic acid (Bp), and 5.36% N-(4'-hydroxy-3'-methoxycinnamoyl)-5-hydroxyanthranilic acid (Bf). In addition, ARE was also rich in vanillic acid (0.60%), caffeic acid (0.50%), syringic acid (0.54%), p-coumaric acid (0.16%), ferulic acid (0.08%), and sinapic acid (0.03%). Administration of D-galactose markedly lowered not only the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) but also the gene expression of manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD), copper-zinc SOD, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mRNA in mice. Administration of ARE significantly reversed the D-galactose-induced oxidative stress by increasing the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and upregulating their gene expression. This was accompanied by a significant decrease in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level in mice given ARE compared to the control. The results demonstrated that ARE possessed the antioxidant activity and was effective against D-galactose-induced oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Xiushi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guixing
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ren
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena / Q000737:chemistry*; D005690:Galactose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; C514463:avenanthramide-2C; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005690:Galactose