title: Assessment of lung-cancer mortality reduction from CT Screening.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CT screening has been shown to increase lung cancer curability and we now assess the corresponding reduction in lung cancer mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung-cancer mortality in a cohort of 7995 smokers who underwent CT screening for lung cancer in New York State (NYS) was compared with two unscreened cohorts (CPS-II and CARET). The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of observed to expected lung cancer deaths for NYS was jointly adjusted for age, sex, and smoking history. As more current NYS smokers might have quit as a result of the screening, thus reducing deaths from lung cancer, another analysis was restricted to those participants smoking at entry and still smoking 6 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SMR was 64/99.8=0.64 (P = 0.84 × 10⁻⁴) and 28/77.6=0.36 (P = 0.83 × 10⁻¹⁰), showing a significant reduction in deaths from lung cancer of 36% and 64% for CPS-II and CARET, respectively. Considering participants who were smoking at entry and still smoking 6 years later, the SMR using CPS-II rates was 29/49.1 = 0.59 (P = 0.001) and using CARET rates it was 21/57.4 = 0.37 (P = 0.31 × 10⁻⁷).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT screening significantly reduces lung-cancer mortality.
authors.affiliation: Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States; Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States.
authors.forename: Claudia I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Henschke
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boffetta
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gorlova
authors.forename: Rowena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: John O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Delancey
authors.forename: Millennia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foy
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D055088:Early Detection of Cancer / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed