title: Blocking interleukin-1β in acute and chronic autoinflammatory diseases.
abstract: An expanding spectrum of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases is considered 'autoinflammatory' diseases. This review considers autoinflammatory diseases as being distinct from 'autoimmune' diseases. Autoimmune diseases are associated with dysfunctional T cells and treated with 'biologicals', including antitumour necrosis factorα, CTLA-Ig, anti-IL-12/23, anti-CD20, anti-IL-17 and anti-IL-6 receptor. In contrast, autoinflammatory diseases are uniquely attributed to a dysfunctional monocyte caspase 1 activity and secretion of IL-1β; indeed, blocking IL-1β results in a rapid and sustained reduction in the severity of most autoinflammatory diseases. Flares of gout, type 2 diabetes, heart failure and smouldering multiple myeloma are examples of seemingly unrelated diseases, which are uniquely responsive to IL 1β neutralization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. cdinare333@aol.com
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dinarello
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D053583:Interleukin-1beta