title: The effect of tobacco outlet density and proximity on smoking cessation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the influence of tobacco outlet density and residential proximity to tobacco outlets on continuous smoking abstinence 6 months after a quit attempt.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used continuation ratio logit models to examine the relationships of tobacco outlet density and tobacco outlet proximity with biochemically verified continuous abstinence across weeks 1, 2, 4, and 26 after quitting among 414 adult smokers from Houston, Texas (33% non-Latino White, 34% non-Latino Black, and 33% Latino). Analyses controlled for age, race/ethnicity, partner status, education, gender, employment status, prequit smoking rate, and the number of years smoked.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Residential proximity to tobacco outlets, but not tobacco outlet density, provided unique information in the prediction of long-term, continuous abstinence from smoking during a specific quit attempt. Participants residing less than 250 meters (P = .01) or less than 500 meters (P = .04) from the closest tobacco outlet were less likely to be abstinent than were those living 250 meters or farther or 500 meters or farther, respectively, from outlets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because residential proximity to tobacco outlets influences smoking cessation, zoning restrictions to limit tobacco sales in residential areas may complement existing efforts to reduce tobacco use.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Health Disparities Research, Unit 1440, PO Box 301402, Houston, TX 77230, USA. Lrreitze@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Lorraine R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Reitzel
authors.forename: Ellen K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Cromley
authors.forename: Yisheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dela Mater
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mazas
authors.forename: Ludmila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cofta-Woerpel
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Cinciripini
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wetter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003132:Commerce / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014026:Nicotiana