title: Cyclin D-1 protein over-expression is not associated with gene amplification in benign and atypical apocrine lesions of the breast.
abstract: Cyclin D-1 protein over-expression and/or gene amplification have been shown to be frequent events in subsets of breast carcinomas. Cyclin D-1 is generally considered as a weak oncogene, and its over-expression has been shown to occur in occasional benign breast lesions. In a previous series, we have shown that cyclin D-1 was over-expressed in subsets of apocrine metaplasia (APM) and apocrine adenosis (AA) of the breast and that such over-expression was mostly associated with a significant increase in the proliferative capacity of these lesions. We examined the mechanisms involved in cyclin D-1 over-expression in apocrine lesions. A total of 41 cases were analysed in this study. The cases were divided into: 18 cases of APM and 23 cases of AA. All cases analysed had been previously analysed by immunohistochemistry, and all showed over-expression of the cyclin D-1 protein. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) was performed using a dual cyclin D-1 (spectrum orange)/chromosome 11 centromere (spectrum green) DNA probe. The results showed that none of the cases studied had concomitant gene amplification. These results suggest that other post-transcriptional mechanisms might be responsible for cyclin D-1 protein over-expression in benign apocrine lesions. Further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms involved in abnormal cyclin D-1 expression in these lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, Queen Mary College, University of London, St Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, EC1A 7BE, UK.
authors.forename: Ghada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elayat
authors.forename: Abdel-Ghani A
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Selim
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tomlinson
authors.forename: Clive A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D001050:Apocrine Glands / Q000473:pathology*; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005348:Fibrocystic Breast Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008679:Metaplasia; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C530104:CCND1 protein, human; D019938:Cyclin D1