title: Visceral fat mass determination in rodent: validation of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and anthropometric techniques in fat and lean rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because abdominal obesity is predisposed to various metabolic disorders, it is of major importance to assess and track the changes with time of this specific fat mass. The main issue for clinicians or researchers is to use techniques for assessing abdominal fat deposition and its accumulation or changes over time, without sacrificing of experimental subjects. In the rat, techniques to investigate in-vivo visceral fat mass are lacking. The purpose of the study was to validate indirect Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry technique and abdominal circumference measurement as tools to predict visceral adipose tissue in rats.Forty-three Wistar male rats from different body weight, fat mass and ages were included in the study. Visceral fat mass was assessed by weighing the total perirenal and peri-epididymal adipose tissues after dissection. Statistical methods were used to discriminate the best region of interest allowing the in-vivo measure of Central Fat Mass by DXA. Abdominal circumference was measured at the same time as the DXA scan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A region of interest including Central Fat Mass from the whole body DXA scan (extending from L2 to L5 vertebrae), correlated strongly with ex-vivo Fat Mass (r = 0.94, p < 0.001). Abdominal circumference correlated significantly with ex-vivo Fat Mass (r = 0.82, p < 0.001) and Central Fat Mass (0.90, p < 0.001) in the whole group of rats. When dividing the whole group into lean and fat rats, correlations remained significant between Central Fat Mass and ex-vivo Fat Mass but disappeared for the lean group between abdominal circumference and ex-vivo Fat Mass.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study validates the Central Fat Mass determined by DXA as a non-sacrificial technique to assess visceral fat for in-vivo investigations in rats. The abdominal circumference measure appears useful in studying overweight or obese rats. These two techniques could be convenient tools in follow-up and longitudinal studies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie des APS, EA 3533, PRES Clermont Université, Université Blaise Pascal, 24 Avenue des Landais, BP 80026, 63177 Aubière Cedex, France. maude_g_@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Maude
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gerbaix
authors.forename: Lore
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: Emeline
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ringot
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Courteix
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D050218:Body Fat Distribution / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005223:Fats / Q000032:analysis; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013851:Thinness / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005223:Fats