title: Multiwalled carbon nanotubes as efficient adsorbent for solid-phase extraction of chemical warfare agents and related chemicals from water.
abstract: Optimization of extraction and enrichment parameters of chemical warfare agents and their related chemicals from water are presented using multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as solid-phase extractant. Selected analytes were O,O'-dialkyl alkylphosphonates, nerve agent and mustards. Extraction parameters, including sample volume, nature and volume of washing and eluting solvent, were optimized. Recoveries of analytes were determined by GC-MS and ranged from 81 to 104%. A comparison with C(18), hydrophilic-lipophilic balance and active carbon sorbents demonstrated the superiority of MWCNTs for non-toxic analogues of nerve agents. Optimized conditions involve 40 mg MWCNTs as the sorbent, 5.0 mL water as the washing solvent, 3 mL ethyl acetate as the eluent and sample loading of 10 mL water spiked at 0.1 μg/mL. The limits of detection (LOD) were achieved down to 1 and 0.05 ng/mL in full scan and selected ion-monitoring modes, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Vertox Laboratory, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Gwalior, India.
authors.forename: Pankaj K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Kanaujia
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Purohit
authors.forename: Deepak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pardasani
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Dubey