title: [Effect of treadmill exercise and nutrition supplement on activity and gene expression of rate-limiting enzyme of heme metabolism and globin].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possible role of rate-limiting enzyme of heme metabolism and globin in the development of the low hemoglobin (Hb), red blood (cell) count (RBC) and hematocrit (Hct) after long-term exercise, and effect of nutrition supplement on sports anemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 10): control (C), exercise (P) and exercise + nutrition (G). Animals in the P and G groups started treadmill running at 30 m/min, 0% grade, 1 min/time. Running time was gradually increased with 2 min/time during initial 5 weeks and final 4 weeks. In addition, running frequency was 2 times/day except initial 2 weeks. At the end of eleventh week, gene expression of 5-aminolevulinate synthase (ALAS), ferrochelatase, alpha-globin and beta-globin in bone marrow were measured with RT-PCR. Mean-while heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) activity in liver was measured with immunohistochemical method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven weeks of exercise induced a significant increase in HO-1 and a significant increase in gene expression of beta-globin (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). Treatment with anti-sports anemia compound dosage led to no significant differences in rate-limiting enzyme of heme metabolism and globin in the exercised rats. The G group had a significantly higher HO-1 level in liver than the C group (P < 0.01). These finds showed that exercise was associated with no significant difference in heme synthetase and alpha-globin gene expression, and significant difference in heme catabolic enzyme and beta-globin gene expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase of HO-1 activity in liver might be one of the causes of the lower Hb, RBC and Hct status in exercised rats.
authors.affiliation: Sport Biological Center, China Institute of Sport Science, General Administration of Sport, Beijing 100061, China.
authors.forename: Jie-Xiu
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Jian-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Min-Hao
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000740:Anemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005294:Ferrochelatase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D005914:Globins / Q000378:metabolism; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011163:Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005914:Globins; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); C491523:Hmox1 protein, rat; D000624:5-Aminolevulinate Synthetase; D011163:Hydroxymethylbilane Synthase; D005294:Ferrochelatase