title: Association between interleukin-3 gene polymorphism and acute rejection after kidney transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute rejection (AR) after kidney transplantation resulting from alloimmune responses has a negative effect on graft survival. AR is mainly caused by T-cell immune responses activated by cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, -4, and -7. Many reports have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of these cytokines can affect the occurrence of AR. IL-3, which is secreted by activated T cells, can mediate AR. Our study sought to investigate the association between SNPs of the IL3 gene and the occurrence of an AR episode (ARE).
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed 3 SNPs of IL3 (rs181781, rs2073506, and rs40401) among 330 renal recipients, 60 of whom had developed an ARE. SNPs of the IL3 gene, including 1 exonic SNP (rs40401) and 2 regulatory thought to be promoter SNPs (rs181781 and rs2073506).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genotypes of 60 ARE subjects and the 270 patients without AR demonstrated a significant relationship between genotype frequencies and the SNPs. The occurrence of an ARE was associated with rs181781 (P = .041, dominant model), rs2073506 (P = .009, codominant 1 model; P = .003, dominant model), and rs40401 (P = .014, recessive model). Among haplotypes, AAT showed a significant association with ARE. (P = .0033).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that IL3 gene polymorphisms were associated with this event.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: D-Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S-B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J-H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: C-G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ihm
authors.forename: T-W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007377:Interleukin-3 / Q000235:genetics*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007377:Interleukin-3