title: Zinc and iron determination in serum and urine samples of thyroid patients using cloud point extraction.
abstract: A simple and rapid cloud point extraction method was applied for preconcentration of trace quantities of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) in biological samples (serum and urine) of thyroid patients prior to determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The metals in serum and urine samples were complexed with 1-(2-thiazolylazo)-2-naphthol and entrapped in the surfactant octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol (Triton X-114). After centrifugation, the surfactant-rich phase was diluted with 0.1 M HNO3 in methanol. For optimum recovery of analytes, the influences of the analytical parameters, including pH and amounts of complexing and surfactant reagents, were investigated. Enrichment factors of 66.4 and 70.2 were obtained for the preconcentration of Zn(II) and Fe(III), respectively. The obtained results showed sufficient recoveries (>98%) for Zn(II) and Fe(III) in certified reference materials (CRMs). The proposed method was applied to the determination of Zn(II) and Fe(III) in biological (serum and urine) samples and CRMs.
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Ghulam A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kandhro
authors.forename: Tasneem G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Kazi
authors.forename: Jameel A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Baig
authors.lastname: Sirajuddin
authors.forename: Hassan I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Afridi
authors.forename: Abdul Q
authors.initials: AQ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Hafeez R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: Nida F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Kolachi
authors.forename: Sham K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002138:Calibration; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006042:Goiter / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017830:Octoxynol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D017830:Octoxynol; C010615:Nonidet P-40; D007501:Iron; D015032:Zinc