title: Inadvertent transvaginal administration of sodium phosphate enemas in 2 alpaca crias.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical presentation and resultant metabolic disturbances following retroperitoneal administration of hyperphosphate enemas in alpaca crias.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two crias presented to the Colorado State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital after inadvertent transvaginal retroperitoneal hyperphosphate enema administration. The first cria developed an acute onset of neurologic signs, severe hypernatremia, and died soon after presentation. The second cria developed severe hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and acidemia. The metabolic derangements normalized within 24 hours of intensive treatment with calcium supplementation and IV crystalloid fluid diuresis. The cria was discharged after 1 week in the hospital.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report provides a description of electrolyte disturbances secondary to inadvertent transvaginal retroperitoneal administration of hyperphosphate enemas in 2 crias and attendant clinical signs of these disturbances. Management of hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia in 1 cria via aggressive fluid therapy with calcium supplementation led to a rapid and sustained normalization of phosphorus, calcium, and acid-base balance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA. rbragg@lamar.colostate.edu
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bragg
authors.forename: Eileen S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Callan
authors.forename: Timothy N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: Timothy B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Hackett
mesh_terms: D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D002161:Camelids, New World / Q000097:blood; D002400:Cathartics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003120:Colorado; D004733:Enema / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D054559:Hyperphosphatemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D006996:Hypocalcemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000662:veterinary*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012582:Schools, Veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina
chemical_list: D002400:Cathartics; D010710:Phosphates; C018279:sodium phosphate