title: Quantification of antidepressants and antipsychotics in human serum by precipitation and ultra high pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: The present article describes the quantification of mirtazapine, O-desmethylvenlafaxine, quetiapine, venlafaxine, and ziprasidone (group 1), and amitriptyline, citalopram, clomipramine, clozapine, desmethylclomipramine, desipramine, imipramine, and nortriptyline (group 2) in human serum for therapeutic drug monitoring. The method was developed to replace old techniques which applied solid phase extraction and ultra-violet detection. The old methods had reached their limit of capacity regarding the number of samples and co-medicated drugs interfering with the detection. Serum samples were precipitated with zinc sulphate and methanol containing a stable isotope labelled analog for each analyte. Quantitative analysis was performed by ultra high pressure liquid chromatography combined with a tandem mass spectrometer using a Zorbax SB-C8 column (2.0 × 50 mm; 1.8 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of 0.1% formic acid in water and methanol, respectively. The total run time of the chromatography was 4 min. Precision and trueness varied from 2.6% to 14.9% and 87.6% to 103.5%, respectively. At the lower limit of quantification, precision was up to 17.9% and trueness varied from 89.5% to 111.5%. A five point standard curve covering the clinically relevant ranges with a power function fit was applied for calibration. Ion suppression from matrix effects and internal standards were thoroughly investigated and are discussed. Process efficiency rates varied from 42% to 99%. The method has shortened the response time, reduced interference from other drugs, avoided acetonitrile usage, and reduced the amount of serum needed for analysis 50-fold.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemical Laboratory, Centre for Psychiatric Research, Aarhus University Hospital, Skovagervej 2, DK 8240 Risskov, Denmark. joerhass@rm.dk
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hasselstrøm
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000097:blood*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000097:blood*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000097:blood; D000069468:Desvenlafaxine Succinate; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D000432:Methanol; D008803:Mianserin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D010879:Piperazines / Q000097:blood; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000097:blood; D000069470:Venlafaxine Hydrochloride; D019287:Zinc Sulfate
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D010879:Piperazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D008803:Mianserin; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; C092292:ziprasidone; D019287:Zinc Sulfate; D000069470:Venlafaxine Hydrochloride; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D000432:Methanol; D000069468:Desvenlafaxine Succinate