title: N,N'-Carbonyldiimidazole-mediated functionalization of superparamagnetic nanoparticles as vaccine carrier.
abstract: Particulates with specific sizes and characteristics can induce potent immune responses by promoting antigen uptake of appropriate immuno-stimulatory cell types. Magnetite (Fe(3)O(4)) nanoparticles have shown many potential bioapplications due to their biocompatibility and special characteristics. Here, superparamagnetic Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles (SPIONs) with high magnetization value (70emug(-1)) were stabilized with trisodium citrate and successfully conjugated with a model antigen (ovalbumin, OVA) via N,N'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) mediated reaction, to achieve a maximum conjugation capacity at approximately 13 microgmicrom(-2). It was shown that different mechanisms governed the interactions between the OVA molecules and magnetite nanoparticles at different pH conditions. We evaluated as-synthesized SPION against commercially available magnetite nanoparticles. The cytotoxicity of these nanoparticles was investigated using mammalian cells. The reported CDI-mediated reaction can be considered as a potential approach in conjugating biomolecules onto magnetite or other biodegradable nanoparticles for vaccine delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton 3800, VIC, Australia. jenny.ho@eng.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Fatin M Nawwab
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Al-Deen
authors.forename: Aswan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Abboodi
authors.forename: Cordelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selomulya
authors.forename: Sue D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plebanski
authors.forename: Gareth M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Forde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D008280:Magnetics; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000737:chemistry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013696:Temperature; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D007093:Imidazoles; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D014612:Vaccines; C000499:ferric oxide; C006900:N,N-carbonyldiimidazole; D010047:Ovalbumin