title: Translation and validation of the Greek chronic liver disease questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To translate into Greek and validate the chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and six consecutive adult patients with the diagnosis of a chronic liver disease from 2 general hospitals in Athens were enrolled in the study from May to September 2008. In order to assess their quality of life (QOL) the CLDQ was applied. The instrument was translated from English, back translated and reviewed in focus groups within the framework of a large multicenter study. The measurements that were performed included: 2 independent sample t tests, one-way analysis of variance, reliability coefficients, explanatory factor analysis using a varimax rotation and the principal components method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and twenty five (61%) patients were men, half were aged 40-59 years and > 33% were > 60 years old. Among the patients, 48 (23%) were hospitalized and 97 (47%) were cirrhotic according to the Child-Pugh score. The internal consistency of the Greek CLDQ version using Cronbach's alpha coefficient was found to be 0.93. Exploratory factor analysis identified 7 domains accounting for 65% of the variance of CLDQ items and only partially overlapping with those found in the original version. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve was calculated at 0.813 and the logistic estimate for the threshold score of 167.50 provided a sensitivity of 74.3% and a specificity of 71.6% for the model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data confirmed the validity of the Greek version of the CLDQ in identifying the QOL among patients with chronic liver disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Nursing, University of Athens, Papadiamantopoulou 123, Athens 11527, Greece. zoi.kollia@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: Zoi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kollia
authors.forename: Evridiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Patelarou
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vivilaki
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kollia
authors.forename: Florentia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kefou
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Elefsiniotis
authors.forename: Spyros P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Dourakis
authors.forename: Hero
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brokalaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008107:Liver Diseases; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014177:Translations