title: [A cross-sectional survey on personality disorder in mental disorder outpatients in Shanghai].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence and risk factors for personality disorder (PD) outpatients attending in for psychiatric and psychological counseling in Shanghai.
  
  
  METHODS
  3075 subjects were sampled by systematic sampling method from outpatients in psycho-counseling clinics and psychiatric clinics in Shanghai Mental Health Center. Based on DSM-IV criteria, personality disorders were assessed by both questionnaires (personality diagnostic questionnaire, PDQ-4+) and interviews (structured clinical interview for DSM-IV Axis II, SCID-II). Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the significant independent contributor to PD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  71.3% of the outpatients were found having pathological personality by using questionnaire of self rating PD scale. 982 outpatients (31.9%) met criteria for at least one personality disorder by using structured clinical interview. Younger age (OR = 1.8, 95%CI: 1.5 - 2.1), single or divorced (OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.4 - 1.9), psychological counseling outpatients (OR = 1.2, 95%CI: 1.1 - 1.3), mood and outpatients with neurosis disorders (OR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.4 - 2.0) were more frequently assigned as personality disorders. Data from logistic regression analysis showed that patients of tender age, not nurtured and raised by their parents, with introvert characters were related risk factors of PD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High prevalence rate of PD was found in this sample of Chinese outpatients, especially in those psychological counseling outpatients with mood or neurosis disorders. More attention should be paid to the recognition and intervention of PD in outpatients with mental disorders.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Mental Health Center, Medical School of Shanghai Jiangtong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Tian-Hong
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ze-Ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Lan-Lan
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yun-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Hai-Yin
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-Yin
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Ming-Yi
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun-Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yan-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D010045:Outpatients; D010554:Personality Disorders; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires