title: Anaphylaxis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome induced by inadvertent intravenous administration of mare's milk in a neonatal foal.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the diagnostic procedures, therapeutic management and successful outcome of a case of anaphylaxis induced by the inadvertent intravenous (IV) administration of mare's milk to a neonatal foal.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3-day-old Thoroughbred colt was presented for treatment of bilateral flexural limb deformities of the forelimbs. Because the foal was unable to ambulate initially, mare's milk was administered via nasoesophageal tube feedings during treatment of the musculoskeletal disorder. Anaphylaxis resulted after unintentional administration of a bolus of 150mL of mare's milk through a jugular catheter. Aggressive therapy for anaphylaxis and careful monitoring resulted in the successful recovery of the foal after 9 days of intensive care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case is the first published report to describe the effects of accidental IV administration of mare's milk to a neonatal foal. Medical errors are commonly reported in pediatric medicine; the intent of this report is to raise awareness of medical errors and student education in equine medicine as well as describe the therapy and outcome of anaphylaxis induced by IV administration of mare's milk in a neonatal foal.
authors.affiliation: Lloyd Veterinary Medical Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-1250, USA. cjalcott@iastate.edu
authors.forename: Cody J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Alcott
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D005552:Forelimb / Q000002:abnormalities; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006736:Horses / Q000002:abnormalities; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000662:veterinary*; D008892:Milk / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D016896:Treatment Outcome