title: Endoscopic hemostasis techniques for upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage: A review.
abstract: Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIH) is an urgent disease that is often encountered in daily medical practice. Endoscopic hemostasis is currently indispensable for the treatment of UGIH. Initially, when UGIH is suspected, a cause of UGIH is presumed from the medical interview and physical findings. After ample primary treatment, urgent endoscopy is performed. Many methods of endoscopic hemostasis are in wide use, including hemoclip, injection and thermo-coagulation methods. Although UGIH develops from a wide variety of diseases, such as esophageal varices and gastric and duodenal ulcer, hemostasis is almost always possible. Identification of the causative diseases, primary treatment and characteristic features of endoscopic hemostasis are needed to allow appropriate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Hajime Anjiki, Terumi Kamisawa, Masaki Sanaka, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo 113-8677, Japan.
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anjiki
authors.forename: Terumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamisawa
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanaka
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuyama