title: Anti-angiogenic activity of Gynura segetum leaf extracts and its fractions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gynura segetum is a popular medicinal plant in Indonesia and Malaysia, known to possess various medicinal properties especially for treatment of cancer, diabetes and hypertension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was carried out to evaluate the anti-angiogenic effect of Gynura segetum leaves extracts and its fractions. The chemical compositions of the active extracts were also determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  The anti-angiogenic activity of Gynura segetum leaves extracts and its fractions was evaluated in vivo using the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out to identify the chemical compositions of the active extracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CAM treated with Gynura segetum leaves extracts and its fractions (100μg/disc) showed a significantly greater anti-angiogenic effect compared to the positive control suramin (50μg/disc). Chemical analysis of the active extracts from the leaves of Gynura segetum yielded nine known compounds: undecane (1), neophytadine (2), hexadecanoic acid, methyl ester (3), 9,12-octadecadienoic acid, methyl ester (4), 9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid, methyl ester (5), phytol (6), tetradecanal (7), octadecanoic acid, methyl ester (8) and γ-sitosterol (9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that Gynura segetum has anti-angiogenic activity. The plant may be used as a potential source for protection against cancer.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia. layjing80@gmail.com
authors.forename: Lay-Jing
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Seow
authors.forename: Hooi-Kheng
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Beh
authors.forename: Amin Malik Shah Abdul
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Majid
authors.forename: Vikneswaran
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Murugaiyah
authors.forename: Norhayati
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Mohd Zaini
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Asmawi
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D013498:Suramin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013498:Suramin