title: Breathing life into pathogens: the influence of oxygen on bacterial virulence and host responses in the gastrointestinal tract.
abstract: The gastrointestinal tract provides a variety of environmental challenges to any bacterium seeking to successfully colonize or cause disease in a host. A major obstacle is the varied oxygen concentrations encountered at different sites in the intestine. Here we review the mechanisms bacterial pathogens utilize to sense oxygen within the gastrointestinal tract, and recent insights into how this acts as a signal to trigger virulence and to modulate host responses.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Pathogénie Microbienne Moléculaire, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, Paris Cédex 15, France.
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marteyn
authors.forename: Francesco Berlanda
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Scorza
authors.forename: Philippe J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Sansonetti
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions; D006801:Humans; D057131:Immune Evasion; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D037521:Virulence Factors; D010100:Oxygen