title: [What illegal substances are used by sportsmen? a study in Midi-Pyrénées Doping Preventing Medical Centre (AMPD-MP)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Doping Preventing Medical Centres (Antennes Médicales de Prévention du Dopage) were established in France in 2000 in order to help sportsmen using illegal substances. These services are also information centres on illegal substances (drugs or others) used in sport. The aim of the study was to analyze the characteristics of sportsmen outpatient clinics in Antenne Médicale de Prevention du Dopage Midi-Pyrénées (AMPD-MP).
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the results of outpatient clinics in AMPD-MP from 2002 to 2008. A descriptive analysis of demographic data, substances used and sports practised were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During this 7 year-period, 35 outpatient clinics were performed [32 men, 3 women, mean age: 28 years (extreme values: 18-47; 10 patients ≥ 30 years)]. They were mainly involved in national (16), international (8) or regional (7) competitions. The main sports involved were rugby (9) followed by cycling (5), athletics (3) and body-building (3). The most frequently used illegal substances were cannabis (15) followed by glucocorticoïds (9), androgens (4), indirect sympathomimetics amphetaminics (4), beta 2 adrenergic agonists (2) and NSAIDs (2). Two veterinary substances (clenbuterol, boldone-veterinaire) were also found in body-builders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows a clear under use of Doping Preventing Medical Centres by sportsmen and practitioners. It also indicates a relative high age for sportsmen referred to the centre. The main sports involved were rugby and cycling. Cannabis and glucocorticoïds were the drugs more often involved in doping behaviours.
authors.affiliation: Antenne Médicale de Prévention du Dopage (AMPD) Midi-Pyrénées, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France. ana.senard@cict.fr
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Senard-Ojero
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Durrieu
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Depiesse
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riviere
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Montastruc
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D056352:Athletes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001642:Bicycling; D004300:Doping in Sports / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005538:Football; D005602:France; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013177:Sports / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids