title: Protective effect of a polyphenolic rich extract from Magnolia officinalis bark on influenza virus-induced pneumonia in mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnolia officinalis bark is used in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cough, colds, fever, chronic bronchitis and stomach ailments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate therapeutic effects of polyphenol rich extract from M. officinalis bark (MPE) in influenza virus A-infected mice, and to provide evidence for the inflammation response and immunomodulatory potential during infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were infected with influenza virus A (IVA) and MPE at doses of 10 and 20mg/kg were orally administrated daily for 5 days after challenge. The levels of serum L-6 and TNF-α were determined by ELISA while protein expressions of NF-κB and TLR3 were detected by western blotting analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MPE exhibited significant therapeutical effects on reducing levels of serum NO, IL-6 and TNF-α, inhibiting pneumonia, decreasing lung viral titers and sensitizing IVA-induced apoptosis through down-regulation of NF-κB and TLR3 protein expression in the lung tissue of IVA-infected mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MPE could exhibit preventive and therapeutical effects on IVA-infected mice as a suppressor of the production of inflammatory mediators, NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α and IL-6. These effects appeared to be mediated, at least in part, by an inhibition of TLR3 and NF-κB activation. Therefore, MPE could provide a safe and effective therapeutic approach for influenza and its subsequent viral pneumonia.
authors.affiliation: Zhejiang Medical College, Hangzhou 310053, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Ning
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chen-Huan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Shi-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D031566:Magnolia / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D059808:Polyphenols; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005419:Flavonoids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3