title: Clinical symptoms of bilateral anterior cerebral artery territory infarction.
abstract: Bilateral anterior cerebral artery (ACA) territory infarction is rare and its associated symptoms are still not well understood. We evaluated the clinical symptoms of four patients with bilateral ACA infarction. The common clinical features were various primitive reflexes and parkinsonian symptoms including akinesia, rigidity and hypophonia. Frontal release signs were present in all patients with ACA infarction even without direct involvement of the prefrontal cortex. Enhanced glabellar tap response, previously not reported in patients with ACA infarction, was the most consistent finding, and electrophysiological studies confirmed hyperexcitability of the late component of the blink reflex. The bilateral lesions in the deep white matter may be associated with the observed symptoms, reflecting functional disconnection of the medial prefrontal-subcortical circuitry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. skoba-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Masanari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunimoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D020243:Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012021:Reflex, Abnormal / Q000502:physiology*