title: Progress in filovirus vaccine development: evaluating the potential for clinical use.
abstract: Marburg and Ebola viruses cause severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. Currently, there are no effective treatments and no licensed vaccines; although a number of vaccine platforms have proven successful in animal models. The ideal filovirus vaccine candidate should be able to provide rapid protection following a single immunization, have the potential to work postexposure and be cross-reactive or multivalent against all Marburg virus strains and all relevant Ebola virus species and strains. Currently, there are multiple platforms that have provided prophylactic protection in nonhuman primates, including DNA, recombinant adenovirus serotype 5, recombinant human parainfluenza virus 3 and virus-like particles. In addition, a single platform, recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus, has demonstrated both prophylactic and postexposure protection in nonhuman primates. These results demonstrate that achieving a vaccine that is protective against filoviruses is possible; the challenge now is to prove its safety and efficacy in order to obtain a vaccine that is ready for human use.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
authors.forename: Darryl
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Falzarano
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Geisbert
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feldmann
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004337:Drug Carriers; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008379:Marburg Virus Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D029024:Marburgvirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010224:Parainfluenza Virus 3, Human / Q000235:genetics; D011323:Primates; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018116:Vesiculovirus / Q000235:genetics; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D004337:Drug Carriers; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines