title: [Expression of vascular smooth muscle cell markers during early stage of embryonic stem cell-derived embryoid bodies differentiation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe expression regularity of SMalpha-actin, SM22alpha, myocardin and SMMHC during early embryonic vascular development, and to initially investigate the differentiation effect of platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) during that period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine embryonic stem cell line expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the transcriptional control of the smooth-muscle-specific SM22alpha promoter was used to make embryoid bodies,and to analyze the expression regularity of SMalpha-actin, SM22alpha, myocardin and SMMHC by immunofluorescence stainings, RT-PCR and Western blot. Then AG1296 (PDGF receptor inhibitor) 0 micro-mol/L(control group), 10 micromol/L and 50 micromol/L were used to treat EBs respectively in order to analyze the differences of SMa-actin, SM22alpha, myocardin and SMMHC at gene and protein levels among the three groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SMalpha-actin, myocardin, SM22alpha and SMMHC expression in EBs were found to begin at day 0 (ESCs), 8, 11, 13 respectively during early embryonic vascular development. There were no clear differences in SMa-actin, SM22alpha, myocardin and SMMHC protein expression and SM22alpha, myocardin and SMMHC mRNA level among the three groups of different concentrations of AG1296.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A spontaneous VSMCs differentiation occurs during EBs development, SMalpha-actin is the first to be detected,the following are myocardin, SM22a and SMMHC. PDGF-BB may not be indispensable for the regulation of expression of VSMCs markers during early EBs differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Shenyang General Hospital, Cardiovascular Research Institute of PLA, Shenyang 110016, China. hanyal@mail.sy.ln.cn
authors.forename: Ya-ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yan-ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yan-mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Cheng-hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000077214:Becaplermin; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099251:Myocardin
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D000077214:Becaplermin; D015415:Biomarkers; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000099251:Myocardin; C051615:transgelin