title: Polyunsaturated fatty acids and modulation of cholesterol homeostasis in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells.
abstract: Transformation of macrophages to foam cells is determined by the rates of cholesterol uptake and efflux. This study uses a real time RT-PCR technique to investigate the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the regulation of the ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) and liver X receptor α (LXR) genes, which are involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Accordingly, these fatty acids significantly reduced the total, free and esterified cholesterols within the foam cells. While the expression of the ABCA1 and LXRα genes was increased in the presence of the pharmacological LXRα ligand, T0901317, their mRNA expression was not significantly affected by CLA, ALA and EPA. These results suggest that although polyunsaturated fatty acids have an effect on cholesterol homeostasis, they cannot change the expression of the ABCA1 and LXRα genes. Alternatively, several other genes and proteins may be involved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; E-Mails: salehipour_masoud@yahoo.com (M.S.); Doostimd@sina.tums.ac.ir (M.D.); shahla.rezaei@gmail.com (S.R.); paknejadma@tums.ac.ir (M.P.); naser@gmail.com (N.N.).
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salehipour
authors.forename: Ebrahim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Javadi
authors.forename: Javad Zavvar
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Reza
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doosti
authors.forename: Shahla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.forename: Malihe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paknejad
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nejadi
authors.forename: Mansour
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heidari
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C577836:ABCA1 protein, human; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002784:Cholesterol; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid