title: PKA and PKC are required for long-term but not short-term in vivo operant memory in Aplysia.
abstract: We investigated the involvement of PKA and PKC signaling in a negatively reinforced operant learning paradigm in Aplysia, learning that food is inedible (LFI). In vivo injection of PKA or PKC inhibitors blocked long-term LFI memory formation. Moreover, a persistent phase of PKA activity, although not PKC activity, was necessary for long-term memory. Surprisingly, neither PKA nor PKC activity was required for associative short-term LFI memory. Additionally, PKA and PKC were not required for the retrieval of short- or long-term memory (STM and LTM, respectively). These studies have identified key differences between the mechanisms underlying nonassociative sensitization, operant reward learning, and LFI memory in Aplysia.
authors.affiliation: Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306-4295, USA.
authors.forename: Maximilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Charity L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Lisa C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lyons
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001048:Aplysia / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008568:Memory / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C