title: [Light and intermittent tobacco smokers].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most studies have primarily targeted moderate to heavy daily smokers. For that reason, relatively little is known about light and intermittent tobacco smokers (LITS).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Even though a wide range of terminologies has been used to describe LITS, there is, as yet, no accurate definition of this group of smokers. Compared with heavier smokers, LITS are more likely to be younger, to be of female sex, to be single, to have a higher education, and to belong to a racial/ethnic minority. Relatively, little is known about the level of smoking that is necessary or sufficient to result in nicotine dependence. Even though LITS smoke fewer cigarettes per day, they have higher tobacco-related morbidity and mortality rates than expected. Light daily smoking is associated with a higher risk of death due to ischaemic heart disease for both genders and to lung cancer for women. Intermittent smoking results in significantly higher cardiovascular mortality rates. Light smoking increases the risk of coronary heart disease, stroke, and lung cancer. Intermittent smoking increases the prevalence of cough and shortness of breath.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since any level of cigarette smoking is detrimental, medical advice for quitting and public health-education campaigns should specifically target LITS.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Tabacologie, Service de Pneumologie, CHU La Milétrie, Pavillon René-Beauchant, BP 577, 86021 Poitiers Cedex, France. m.underner@chu-poitiers.fr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Underner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peiffer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D003371:Cough / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL