title: [A million football fans in a city of 120,000 inhabitants--a nightmare for emergency medicine and disaster management? Euro 2008 and the "Orange wonder of Berne"].
abstract: The 2008 European Football Championship 2008 (Euro 08) is the largest sporting event ever organized in Switzerland. One million visitors came to the city of Berne during the event and the local airport in Bern/Belp registered 261 extra flights. For each football game there were 33,000 fans in the stadium and 100,000 fans in the public viewing zones.The ambulance corps and the Department of Emergency Medicine (ED) at Inselspital, University Hospital Berne, were responsible for basic medical care and emergency medical management. Injuries and illnesses were analyzed by a standardized score (NACA score). The preparation strategy as well as costs and patient numbers are presented in detail.A total of 30 additional ambulance vehicles were used, 4,723 additional working days (one-third medical professionals) were accumulated, 662 ambulance calls were registered and 240 persons needed medical care (62% Swiss, 28% Dutch and 10% other nationalities). Among those needing treatment 51 were treated in 1 of the 4 city hospitals. No injuries with NACA grades VI and VII occurred (NACA I: 4, NACA II: 17, NACA III: 16, NACA IV: 10 and NACA V: 4 patients). The city of Berne compensated the Inselspital Bern with a total of 112,603 Euros for extra medical care costs. The largest amount was spent on security measures (50,300 Euros) and medical staff (medical doctors 22,600 Euros, nurses 29,000 Euros). Because of the poor weather and the exemplary behavior of the fans, the course of events was rather peaceful.
authors.affiliation: Notfallzentrum, Inselspital, Universität Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martinolli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tanyeli
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hasler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burkhardt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bähler
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rupp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Exadaktylos
mesh_terms: D000846:Anniversaries and Special Events; D054597:Disaster Medicine / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005060:Europe; D005538:Football / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D013557:Switzerland / Q000453:epidemiology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*