title: Analysis of direct, indirect, and intangible costs of epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A financial estimate has been made of the costs of epilepsy in adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, observational study, over a period of 6 months, on epileptic patients over 14 years-old. Patients with concomitant diseases that could influence the outcome of the epilepsy were excluded. The direct costs included: treatment received, number of visits to neurology, primary care, and emergencies, number of days admitted to hospital, number and type of diagnostic tests, use of transport to and from hospital, and psychopedagogic and social support due to the epilepsy. The indirect costs were analysed according to, loss of work productivity of the patients, taking into account families where the patient needed supervision due to epilepsy. The total costs were derived from the sum of the direct and indirect costs. The intangible costs were calculated according to QOLIE-10 questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean direct cost per patient was 1,055.2 €. The mean indirect financial costs came to 1,528.8 € per patient. The total cost associated to epilepsy was a mean of 2,584 € for each patient, mainly arising from loss of work days (p<.05). For intangible costs according to the QOLIE-10 scale a mean of 77.8 was obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The greatest percentage of costs associated to epilepsy is due to the work productivity loss by the patients. The costs of psychological and social suffering in epilepsy lead to a deterioration in the quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Povisa de Vigo, Vigo, Pontevedra, España. apatopato@gmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pato Pato
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cebrián Pérez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cimas Hernando
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lorenzo González
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Constenla
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gude Sampedro
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult