title: ATP microelectrode biosensor for stable long-term in vitro monitoring from gastrointestinal tissue.
abstract: We have developed a stable and selective ATP biosensor for long-term in vitro tissue monitoring. The electrode was fabricated by entrapping glucose oxidase (GOx) and hexokinase (HEX) in a poly-phenol film on a Pt microelectrode. The biosensor was stable to a fixed concentration of glucose for over 20 min and had a limit of detection of 9.9 ± 3.2 nM, with a sensitivity of 45.8 ± 1.22 pA μM(-1). Most significantly of all, the response on the ATP biosensor did not alter in the presence of 1mM ascorbic acid, 5 μM dopamine, 5 μM serotonin, 5 μM ADP and 5 μM AMP. The ATP biosensor was also shown to have excellent stability over 7 days, and showed only a 23.92 ± 3.55% loss in sensitivity. The ATP biosensor was utilised for the in vitro detection of ATP from gastrointestinal tissue. The ATP biosensor response was stable for 5h during in vitro recordings from ileum tissue. ATP release was shown to be greater from the mucosal surface in the ileum compared to the colon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. B.A.Patel@brighton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Bhavik Anil
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Talia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wieder
authors.forename: Danny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Hare
authors.forename: Martyn G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Boutelle
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003106:Colon / Q000737:chemistry; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D004867:Equipment Design; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006593:Hexokinase; D007082:Ileum / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010984:Platinum
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D010984:Platinum; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D006593:Hexokinase; D005947:Glucose