title: Meta-analysis of ADH1B and ALDH2 polymorphisms and esophageal cancer risk in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether alcohol dehydrogenase-1B (ADH1B) His47Arg and aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH2) Glu487Lys polymorphism is involved in the esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) risk in Chinese Han population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven studies of ADH1B and ALDH2 genotypes in Chinese Han population in 1450 cases and 2459 controls were included for meta-analysis. Stratified analyses were carried out to determine the gene-alcohol and gene-gene interaction with ESCC risk. Potential sources of heterogeneity between studies were explored, and publication bias was also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Individuals with ADH1B arginine (Arg)/Arg genotype showed 3.95-fold increased ESCC risk in the recessive genetic model [Arg/Arg vs Arg/histidine (His) + His/His: odds ratio (OR) = 3.95, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.76-5.67]. Significant association was found in the dominant model for ALDH2 lysine (Lys) allele [glutamate (Glu)/Lys + Lys/Lys vs Glu/Glu: OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.54-2.61]. Compared with the non-alcoholics, Arg/Arg (OR = 25.20, 95% CI: 10.87-53.44) and Glu/Lys + Lys/Lys (OR = 21.47, 95% CI: 6.44-71.59) were found to interact with alcohol drinking to increase the ESCC risk. ADH1B Arg+ and ALDH2 Lys+ had a higher risk for ESCC (OR = 7.09, 95% CI: 2.16-23.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genetic variations of ADH1B His47Arg and ALDH2 Glu487Lys are susceptible loci for ESCC in Chinese Han population and interact substantially with alcohol consumption. The individuals carrying both risky genotypes have a higher baseline risk of ESCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515031, Guangdong Province, China. g_ghzhang@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Guo-Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Rui-Qin
authors.initials: RQ
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: C489332:ADH1B protein, human; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial