title: [Consensus Document on the differential diagnosis and therapeutic approach to recurrent fever by the Paediatric Infectology Society and the Paediatric Rheumatology Society].
abstract: Recurrent fever is a relatively common problem during childhood. Diagnosis is often easy and related to mild viral infections. However a small proportion of these cases originate from an underlying non-infectious process that is generally difficult to diagnose. In this paper we describe the differential diagnosis of recurrent or periodic fever versus other processes, with especial attention to autoinflammatory disorders (AD). AD are alterations of innate immunity, and they have been recently classified as an immunodeficiency. Anyhow, since infections are not present, these processes are different to the classic primary immunodeficiency. An important part of AD is of known genetic aetiology. The symptoms originate from an underlying inflammatory process and can have different clinical expressions. One of the most relevant groups is the hereditary syndromes of periodic fever. This group of diseases associates recurrent fever and several clinical symptoms with a relative periodicity, separated by intervals free or almost free of symptoms. We include the diagnostic criteria for some processes as well as the characteristics that should, eventually, lead to a genetic study. Although treatment should be individualised, we also include some general recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Sociedad Española de Infectología Pediátrica, and Sociedad Española de Reumatología Pediátrica, Spain. ccalvorey@ono.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Calvo Rey
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soler-Palacín
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Merino Muñoz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saavedra Lozano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Antón López
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Aróstegui
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blázquez Gamero
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín-Nalda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Méndez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piñeiro Perez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Calvo
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005334:Fever / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000150:complications; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications; D012008:Recurrence; D013577:Syndrome