title: Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense sp. nov., isolated from healthy infant faeces.
abstract: Strains HM2-1 and HM2-2(T) were isolated from the faeces of a healthy infant and were characterized by determining their phenotypic and biochemical features and phylogenetic positions based on partial 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. They were Gram-positive, obligately anaerobic, non-spore-forming, non-gas-producing, and catalase-negative non-motile rods. They did not grow at 15 or 45 °C in anaerobic bacterial culture medium, and their DNA G+C content was in the range 56-59 mol%. In enzyme activity tests, strains HM2-1 and HM2-2(T) were positive for α/β-galactosidases and α/β-glucosidases but negative for β-glucuronidase and cystine arylamidase. An analysis of the cell-wall composition of strains HM2-1 and HM2-2(T) revealed the presence of glutamic acid, alanine and lysine. The presence of fructose-6-phosphate phosphoketolase shows that isolates HM2-1 and HM2-2(T) are members of the genus Bifidobacterium. These two isolates belong to the same species of the genus Bifidobacterium. Strain HM2-2(T) was found to be related to Bifidobacterium catenulatum JCM 1194(T) (97.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity: 1480/1520 bp), Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum JCM 1200(T) (97.2 %: 1472/1514 bp), Bifidobacterium dentium ATCC 27534(T) (96.7 %: 1459/1509 bp) and Bifidobacterium angulatum ATCC 27535(T) (96.5 %: 1462/1515 bp). The predominant cellular fatty acids of strains HM2-1 and HM2-2(T) were 16 : 0 and 18 : 1ω9c, with proportions greater than 18 % of the total. Phylogenetic analyses involving phenotypic characterization, DNA-DNA hybridization and partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing proves that the strains represent a novel species of the genus Bifidobacterium, for which the name Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is HM2-2(T) ( = JCM 15439(T) = DSM 21854(T)).
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiyo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onoda
authors.affiliation: Advanced Science Institute, RIKEN, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenshiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.affiliation: Microbial Genome Research Group, Japan Agency of Marine-Earth Science and Technology, 2-15 Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takami
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.|Laboratory for Epithelial Immunobiology, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Nanobioscience, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.|Laboratory for Epithelial Immunobiology, RIKEN Research Center for Allergy and Immunology, 1-7-22 Suehiro, Tsurumi, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hattori
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001482:Base Composition; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D044602:Cellulases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D044602:Cellulases; D001616:beta-Galactosidase