title: Microwave-accelerated energy-efficient esterification of free fatty acid with a heterogeneous catalyst.
abstract: This paper shows energy-efficiency of microwave-accelerated esterification of free fatty acid with a heterogeneous catalyst by net microwave power measurement. In the reaction condition of 5 wt% sulfated zirconia and 1:20 M ratio of oil to methanol at 60°C and atmospheric pressure, more than 90% conversion of the esterification was achieved in 20 min by microwave heating, while it took about 130 min by conventional heating. Electric energy consumption for the microwave heating in this accelerated esterification was only 67% of estimated minimum heat energy demand because of significantly reduced reaction time.
authors.affiliation: Convergence Technology Division, Korea Electrotechnology Research Institute, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Daeho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jinju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Geun-Ju
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.forename: Yun-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vijayan
authors.forename: Sunshin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Bo Hyun
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gun Dae
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seong Soo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D004951:Esterification; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008872:Microwaves; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D019301:Oleic Acid; D013024:Soybean Oil