title: In vitro evaluation of antibiotic lock technique for the treatment of Candida albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis biofilms.
abstract: Candidaemia associated with intravascular catheter-associated infections is of great concern due to the resulting high morbidity and mortality. The antibiotic lock technique (ALT) was previously introduced to treat catheter-associated bacterial infections without removal of catheter. So far, the efficacy of ALT against Candida infections has not been rigorously evaluated. We investigated in vitro activity of ALT against Candida biofilms formed by C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. tropicalis using five antifungal agents (caspofungin, amphotericin B, itraconazole, fluconazole, and voriconazole). The effectiveness of antifungal treatment was assayed by monitoring viable cell counts after exposure to 1 mg/mL solutions of each antibiotic. Fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole eliminated detectable viability in the biofilms of all Candida species within 7, 10, and 14 days, respectively, while caspofungin and amphotericin B did not completely kill fungi in C. albicans and C. glabrata biofilms within 14 days. For C. tropicalis biofilm, caspofungin lock achieved eradication more rapidly than amphotericin B and three azoles. Our study suggests that azoles may be useful ALT agents in the treatment of catheter-related candidemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Kwan Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kyong Ran
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Peck
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D041022:Candida tropicalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D000077336:Caspofungin; D055499:Catheter-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D054714:Echinocandins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D000077336:Caspofungin; D065819:Voriconazole