title: Coagulation and inflammation. Molecular insights and diagnostic implications.
abstract: Overwhelming evidence has linked inflammatory disorders to a hypercoagulable state. In fact, thromboembolic complications are among the leading causes of disability and death in many acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Despite this clinical knowledge, coagulation and immunity were long regarded as separate entities. Recent studies have unveiled molecular underpinnings of the intimate interconnection between both systems. The studies have clearly shown that distinct pro-inflammatory stimuli also activate the clotting cascade and that coagulation in turn modulates inflammatory signaling pathways. In this review, we use evidence from sepsis and inflammatory bowel diseases as a paradigm for acute and chronic inflammatory states in general and rise hypotheses how a systematic molecular understanding of the "inflammation-coagulation" crosstalk may result in novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that target the inflammation-induced hypercoagulable state.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Molekularbiologie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Schittenhelmstr. 12, 24105 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lipinski
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bremer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Thieme
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rosenstiel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000494:pharmacology; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000503:physiopathology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology*; D011486:Protein C / Q000502:physiology; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000502:physiology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000503:physiopathology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D011486:Protein C; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition; D000990:Antithrombin III; D006493:Heparin