title: Effects of magnesium intake deficiency on bone metabolism and bone tissue around osseointegrated implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the effect of magnesium dietary deficiency on bone metabolism and bone tissue around implants with established osseointegration.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this, 30 rats received an implant in the right tibial metaphysis. After 60 days for healing of the implants, the animals were divided into groups according to the diet received. Control group (CTL) received a standard diet with adequate magnesium content, while test group (Mg) received the same diet except for a 90% reduction of magnesium. The animals were sacrificed after 90 days for evaluation of calcium, magnesium, osteocalcin and parathyroid hormone (PTH) serum levels and the deoxypyridinoline (DPD) level in the urine. The effect of magnesium deficiency on skeletal bone tissue was evaluated by densitometry of the lumbar vertebrae, while the effect of bone tissue around titanium implants was evaluated by radiographic measurement of cortical bone thickness and bone density. The effect on biomechanical characteristics was verified by implant removal torque testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Magnesium dietary deficiency resulted in a decrease of the magnesium serum level and an increase of PTH and DPD levels (P ≤ 0.05). The Mg group also presented a loss of systemic bone mass, decreased cortical bone thickness and lower values of removal torque of the implants (P ≤ 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study concluded that magnesium-deficient diet had a negative influence on bone metabolism as well as on the bone tissue around the implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School - UNESP, University of Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBone Metabolism Laboratory of Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marina Montosa
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Belluci
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School - UNESP, University of Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBone Metabolism Laboratory of Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giro
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School - UNESP, University of Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBone Metabolism Laboratory of Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Andrés Landazuri
authors.initials: RAL
authors.lastname: Del Barrio
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School - UNESP, University of Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBone Metabolism Laboratory of Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rosa Maria Rodrigues
authors.initials: RMR
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School - UNESP, University of Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBone Metabolism Laboratory of Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Elcio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marcantonio
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis and Surgery, Araraquara Dental School - UNESP, University of Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilBone Metabolism Laboratory of Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Silvana Regina Perez
authors.initials: SRP
authors.lastname: Orrico
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D020878:Device Removal; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008275:Magnesium Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016348:Osseointegration; D051381:Rats; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants