title: Anal HPV infection in HIV-positive men who have sex with men from China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anal HPV infection, which contributes to the development of anal warts and anal cancer, is well known to be common among men who have sex with men (MSM), especially among those HIV positives. However, HIV and anal HPV co-infection among MSM has not been addressed in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was conducted in Beijing and Tianjin, China. Study participants were recruited using multiple methods with the collaboration of local volunteer organizations. Blood and anal swabs were collected for HIV-1 serological test and HPV genotyping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 602 MSM were recruited and laboratory data were available for 578 of them (96.0%). HIV and anal HPV prevalence were 8.5% and 62.1%, respectively. And 48 MSM (8.3%) were found to be co-infected. The HPV genotypes identified most frequently were HPV06 (19.6%), HPV16 (13.0%), HPV52 (8.5%) and HPV11 (7.6%). Different modes of HPV genotypes distribution were observed with respect to HIV status. A strong dose-response relationship was found between HIV seropositivity and multiplicity of HPV genotypes (p<0.001), which is consistent with the observation that anal HPV infection was an independent predictor for HIV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high prevalence of HIV and anal HPV co-infection was observed in the MSM community in Beijing and Tianjin, China. Anal HPV infection was found to be independently associated with increased HIV seropositivity, which suggests the application of HPV vaccine might be a potential strategy to reduce the acquisition of HIV infection though controlling the prevalence of HPV.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China. gaolei@ipbcams.ac.cn
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiangwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000821:virology*; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012725:Sexual Behavior