title: Systemic cytokine response in moribund mice of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome model.
abstract: Streptococcus pyogenes causes severe invasive disease in humans, including streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS). We previously reported a mouse model that is similar to human STSS. When mice were infected intramuscularly with 10(7) CFU of S. pyogenes, all of them survived acute phase of infection. After 20 or more days of infection, a number of them died suddenly accompanied by S. pyogenes bacteremia. We call this phenomenon "delayed death". We analyzed the serum cytokine levels of mice with delayed death, and compared them with those of mice who died in the acute phase of intravenous S. pyogenes infection. The serum levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in mice of delayed death were more than 100 times higher than those in acute death mice. IL-10 and IL-12, which were not detected in acute death, were also significantly higher in mice of delayed death. IL-6 and MCP-1 (CCL-2) were elevated in both groups of mice. It was noteworthy that not only pro-inflammatory cytokines but also anti-inflammatory cytokines were elevated in delayed death. We also found that intravenous TNF-α injection accelerated delayed death, suggesting that an increase of serum TNF-α induced S. pyogenes bacteremia in our mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Structure & Function Program, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Ave., Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Mitsumasa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hideko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoshina
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusuhara
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines