title: Proteins tightly bound to DNA: new data and old problems.
abstract: Proteins tightly bound to DNA (TBP) comprise a group of proteins that remain bound to DNA after usual deproteinization procedures such as salting out and treatment with phenol or chloroform. TBP bind to DNA by covalent phosphotriester and noncovalent ionic and hydrogen bonds. Some TBP are conservative, and they are usually covalently bound to DNA. However, the TBP composition is very diverse and significantly different in different tissues and in different organisms. TBP include transcription factors, enzymes of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, phosphatases, protein kinases, serpins, and proteins of retrotransposons. Their distribution within the genome is nonrandom. However, the DNA primary structure or DNA curvatures do not define the affinity of TBP to DNA. But there are repetitive DNA sequences with which TBP interact more often. The TBP distribution within genes and chromosomes depends on a cell's physiological state, differentiation type, and stage of organism development. TBP do not interact with DNA in the sites of its association with nuclear matrix and most likely they are not components of the latter.
authors.affiliation: University of Latvia, Riga, Latvia. Nikolajs.Sjakste@lu.lv
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sjakste
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bagdoniene
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gutcaits
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Labeikyte
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bielskiene
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Trapiņa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muižnieks
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vassetzky
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sjakste
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009928:Organ Specificity
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004247:DNA