title: Sleep quality and quality of life in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate clinical predictors of poor sleep quality and quality of life (QOL) in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive stable patients with HCM were evaluated for the risk of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by the Berlin Questionnaire, daytime sleepiness by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale, sleep quality by the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire Index and QOL by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire. Asymptomatic subjects without HCM were used as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 84 patients with HCM and 42 controls who were similar with regard to gender (49 vs. 50% males), age [52 (38-62) vs. 47 (33-58) years] and body mass index (27 ± 4 vs. 27 ± 5). HCM diagnosis, high risk for OSA and female gender were independently associated with poor sleep quality in the entire population. Among patients with HCM, poor QOL was independently associated with poor sleep quality, New York Heart Association functional class and diuretic therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor sleep quality is very common in patients with HCM and may have a negative impact on the QOL, which in turn is an important marker of prognosis in patients with cardiomyopathies.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Laboratory, Pulmonary Division, Heart Institute (InCor), Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Enéas Carvalho de Aguiar 44, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: Sandro G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Luciano F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Drager
authors.forename: Pedro R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Genta
authors.forename: Aline C S
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Amaro
authors.forename: Murillo O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Antunes
authors.forename: Edmundo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arteaga
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mady
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lorenzi-Filho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011788:Quality of Life; D012890:Sleep; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires