title: Efficient and directed Nano-LED emission by a complete elimination of transverse-electric guided modes.
abstract: A key to the success of solid-state lighting is an ultraefficient light extraction, ∼90%. Recent advances in nanotechnology, particularly in creating nanorods, present an unprecedented opportunity to manipulate optical modes at nanometer scales. Here, we report an optically pumped nanorod light-emitting diode (LED) with an ultrahigh extraction efficiency of 79% at λ = 460 nm without the use of either a back reflector or thin film technology. We demonstrated experimentally three key mechanisms for achieving high efficiency: guided mode-reduction, embedded quantum wells, and ultraefficient light out-coupling by the fundamental HE(11) mode. Furthermore, we show that size reduction at nanoscale represents a new degree-of-freedom for alternating and achieving a more directed LED emission.
authors.affiliation: The Future Chips Constellation, Department of Physics, Applied Physics and Astronomy, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA.
authors.forename: Mei-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Yong-Sung
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mei-Li
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Shawn-Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D052898:Optical Tweezers; D012666:Semiconductors