title: Pilot association study of oxcarbazepine-induced mild cutaneous adverse reactions with HLA-B*1502 allele in Chinese Han population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent study demonstrated that HLA-B*1502 was a common risk allele in aromatic antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis in Han Chinese. However, the association of AEDs-induced mild maculopapular eruption (MPE) with HLA-B*1502 remains unclear until recently. In the present study, we conducted a pilot study to detect a possible association of oxcarbazepine (OXC)-induced MPE with HLA-B*1502 allele in Chinese Han population.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 90 subjects involving 9 patients with OXC-induced MPE and two groups of controls, 9 OXC-tolerant and 72 normal controls. High-resolution HLA genotyping was performed by specific kit. The results of HLA genotyping are expressed as positive or negative for HLA-B*1502 allele. Differences in genotype frequencies between groups were assessed by the Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four cases were detected as positive for HLA-B*1502 amongst 9 patients. However, only 1 subject was positive amongst 9 tolerant controls, and 6 subjects were positive amongst 72 normal controls. The difference in HLA-B*1502 allele frequencies between the MPE group and normal controls was statistically significant (OR: 8.8; 95% CI: 1.853-41.790; P=0.011). In addition, we also observed an increased frequency of HLA-B*1502 allele in patients (44.44%) compared with tolerant controls (11.11%), although it failed to reach statistical significance (P=0.294).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that HLA-B*1502 allele may contribute to the genetic susceptibility to OXC-induced MPE in Chinese Han population. In order to safer AEDs use, we recommend that HLA-B*1502 allele should be tested for patients with OXC-induced MPE before changing to other AEDs, and AEDs with similar chemical structure should be avoided in individuals who test positive for HLA-B*1502 allele. It should be pointed out that, however, our results may well be just by chance owing to the small sample size and should be further confirmed in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan Province 610041, China.
authors.forename: Fa-yun
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xin-tong
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Dong-mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stefan
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059910:HLA-B15 Antigen; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; C483536:HLA-B*15:02 antigen; D059910:HLA-B15 Antigen; C476610:oxcarbamazepine; D002220:Carbamazepine