title: [Expression, genetic and epigenetic alterations of LTF gene in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of LTF mRNA in several nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) cell lines, and analyze the relationship between the genetic and epigenetic changes and expression of LTF gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression level of LTF was detected in NPC cell lines HNE1, HNE2, HNE3, CNE1, CNE2, 5-8F, 6-10B cells and tissues of 15 cases of chronic nasopharyngitis by RT-PCR. The LTF protein level was analyzed by Western blotting in 6-10B cells. Then LOH, mutation and methylation status of LTF was examined by microsatellites analysis, PCR-SSCP, MSP and bisulfite genomic sequencing, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  15 chronic nasopharyngitis tissues showed stable LTF expression, while there were weak expression in 6-10B cells and absent expression in remaining detected NPC cell lines. There was a significantly lower LTF expression in chronic nasopharyngitis tissues (Z = -3.738, P = 0.000). No LTF protein expression was observed in 6-10B cells. LOH analysis demonstrated that allele loss of LTF wasn't found in NPC cell lines. LTF mutation was noted in 14.3% (1/7) of NPC cell lines. DNA sequencing confirmed the mutation point in the promoter region (-305 bp to -50 bp) was at -218 bp (del T) of LTF gene in the HNE1 cell line. Methylation of LTF gene was not found in chronic nasopharyngitis. However, methylation of LTF promoter was detected in all NPC cell lines. LTF mRNA expression was increased in 5-8F and 6-10B cell lines after treatment with 5-aza-2-deoxycytidine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an inactivation of expression of LTF gene in the NPC cell lines. Its molecular mechanism may be related with methylation of promoter region and deletion mutation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hunan Province People's Hospital, Changsha 410005, China.
authors.forename: Hong-mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Yan-chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ren-hua
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000077209:Decitabine; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009304:Nasopharyngitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; C490098:LTF protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000077209:Decitabine; D007781:Lactoferrin; D001374:Azacitidine