title: The prevention of contrast induced nephropathy by sarpogrelate in patients with chronic kidney disease: a study protocol for a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a serious clinical problem associated with increased morbidity and mortality, particularly in patients with chronic renal insufficiency. Although some agents including hydration with saline are being prescribed to prevent renal deterioration in these high risk patients, their efficacy is not clearly defined and debatable. Therefore additional prophylactic pretreatments are needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study aims to investigate differences in occurrence of CIN after sarpogrelate premedication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). 268 participants, aged 20-85 years with a clinical diagnosis of CKD will be recruited. They will be randomly allocated to one of two conditions: (i) routine treatment without sarpogrelate, and (ii) routine treatment with sarpogrelate (a fixed-flexible dose of 300 mg/day). The primary outcome is the occurrence of CIN during 4 weeks after receiving contrast agent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As of May 2010, there were no registered trials evaluating the therapeutic potentials of sarpogrelate in preventing for CIN. If sarpogrelate decreases the worsening of renal function and occurrence of CIN, it will provide a safe, easy and inexpensive treatment option.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NCT01165567.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyungil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Woo-Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Jae-Bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Joo-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Zo
authors.forename: Myung-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young-Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012107:Research Design; D058830:Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013386:Succinates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D058830:Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Antagonists; D013386:Succinates; C064294:sarpogrelate