title: Fatal bilateral dioctophymatosis.
abstract: Dioctophyma renale is a parasite that frequently occurs in animals but rarely in humans. The present report describes the clinical observations of a D. renale infection in a 51-yr-old woman. Its clinical signs and diagnostic findings were unspecific until giant worms were observed in the urine and histological findings confirmed it was a D. renale infection. She refused treatment and died of bilateral renal function failure. This is the first confirmed report to follow the natural progression of D. renale infection in a human. Here, we discuss a conservative therapeutic approach and features associated with this parasitic infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin, 300211, China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Caigang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Maoyi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiangyong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yuanjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017159:Dioctophymatoidea / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017189:Enoplida Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005396:Fish Products / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000469:parasitology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D014556:Urine / Q000469:parasitology