title: Stimulation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide gives consistent karyotypic results among laboratories: a CLL Research Consortium (CRC) Study.
abstract: Cytogenetic abnormalities are important prognostic indicators in CLL. Historically, only interphase cytogenetics was clinically useful in CLL, because traditional mitogens are not effective mitotic stimulants. Recently, CpG-oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) stimulation has shown effectiveness in CLL cells. The CLL Research Consortium tested the effectiveness and reproducibility of CpG-ODN stimulation for detecting chromosomally abnormal clones by five laboratories. More clonal abnormalities were observed after culture of CLL cells with CpG-ODN than with the traditional pokeweed mitogen plus 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (PWM+TPA). All clonal abnormalities in PWM+TPA cultures were observed in CpG-ODN cultures, whereas CpG-ODN identified some clones not found by PWM+TPA. CpG-ODN stimulation of one normal control sample and 12 CLL samples showed that, excepting clones of del(13q) in low frequencies and one translocation, results in all five laboratories were consistent, and all abnormalities were concordant with FISH. Abnormal clones in CLL were more readily detected with CpG-ODN stimulation than with traditional B-cell mitogens. With CpG-ODN stimulation, abnormalities were reproducible among cytogenetic laboratories. CpG-ODN did not appear to induce aberrations in cell culture, but did enhance detection of abnormalities and complexity in CLL. Because karyotypic complexity is prognostic and is not detectable by standard FISH analyses, stimulation with CpG-ODN is useful for identifying this additional prognostic factor in CLL.
authors.affiliation: The Ohio State University, 1645 Neil Ave, 129 Hamilton Hall, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. nyla.heerema@osumc.edu
authors.forename: Nyla A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Heerema
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.forename: Paola S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Dal Cin
authors.forename: Marie L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Dell' Aquila
authors.forename: Prasad R K
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Koduru
authors.forename: Ayala
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aviram
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Smoley
authors.forename: Laura Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Rassenti
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Greaves
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Kanti R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Rai
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kipps
authors.forename: Neil E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Van Dyke
mesh_terms: D001769:Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism; D018899:CpG Islands; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D009841:Oligonucleotides