title: Human papillomavirus DNA and P16(INK4A) expression in concurrent esophageal and gastric cardia cancers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and concurrent esophagus and gastric cardia cancer from the same patient (CC) and examine the significance of P16(INK4A) protein expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the presence of HPV type16 (HPV16). The expression of P16(INK4A) protein was detected using immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the CC specimens, HPV16-DNA was found in eight cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and five cases of gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA), respectively (47% vs 29%), and two of both ESCC and GCA. P16(INK4A) was highly expressed in both ESCC and GCA. In the HPV-associated positive CC, higher P16(INK4A) expression was observed in the GCA than in the ESCC (75% vs 25%, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPV16 as a correlated risk factor may play an important role in the development of ESCC and GCA. P16(INK4A) may be a screening index in the HPV-associated carcinoma of gastric cardia.
authors.affiliation: Henan Key Laboratory for Esophageal Cancer Research, Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Basic Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China.
authors.forename: Guang-Cheng
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jing-Li
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Fu-Bao
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ji-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Sheng-Li
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Zong-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Li-Dong
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002299:Cardia / Q000473:pathology*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004279:DNA, Viral