title: Howard Zonana and the subspecialty maturation of forensic psychiatry.
abstract: The formal process of specialization and subspecialization in medicine began at the start of the 20th century. Although forensic psychiatry has long held a central place within organized psychiatry, it was not officially recognized as a subspecialty until the end of the 20th century. This milestone was achieved through the efforts of many leaders in the field, and prominent among them has been Howard Zonana, MD. His contributions as a clinician, scholar, leader, and mentor over the past several decades have helped advance the maturation of forensic psychiatry and pave the way for its accreditation as a subspecialty. A review of his career illuminates the core stages of this process.
authors.affiliation: University of Massachusetts Medical School, Center for Health Policy and Research, Shrewsbury, MA 01545, USA. kenneth.appelbaum@umassmed.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Appelbaum
mesh_terms: D005555:Forensic Psychiatry / Q000266:history*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D008511:Medicine; D014481:United States