title: Equilibrium acidities of superacids.
abstract: In this paper, we report the most comprehensive equilibrium superacidity scale that is available to date. Contrary to most of the past works, this scale is set up in a medium of constant composition and the obtained acidity values characterize the acidities of molecules rather than acidities of media. The current scale is thus complementary to the well-known H(0) scale in the information that it provides. The solvent used is 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE). DCE has very weak basic properties (but sufficiently high polarity) and is an appropriate solvent for measuring acidities of very strong acids of diverse chemical nature. DCE acidities of well-known superacids (CF(3)SO(2)OH, (CF(3)SO(2))(2)NH, cyanocarbon acids, etc.) as well as common mineral acids (H(2)SO(4), HI, HBr, etc.) are reported. Acidities of altogether 62 acids have been determined from 176 interlinked relative acidity measurements. The scale spans 15 orders of magnitude (from picric acid to 1,1,2,3,3-pentacyanopropene) and is expected to be a useful tool in design, use, and further acidity measurements of superacidic molecules.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, Tartu, 50411, Estonia.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kütt
authors.forename: Toomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rodima
authors.forename: Jaan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saame
authors.forename: Elin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raamat
authors.forename: Vahur
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mäemets
authors.forename: Ivari
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaljurand
authors.forename: Ilmar A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Koppel
authors.forename: Romute Yu
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Garlyauskayte
authors.forename: Yurii L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yagupolskii
authors.forename: Lev M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yagupolskii
authors.forename: Eduard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Willner
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leito