title: Facile synthesis of water-stable magnetite nanoparticles for clinical MRI and magnetic hyperthermia applications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles have been under intensive investigation in nanomedicine. However, it is still a challenge to synthesize high-quality water-stable magnetite nanoparticles for better magnetic performance and less side effects in medical MRI and nanothermotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We successfully synthesized hydrophilic magnetite nanoparticles through thermal decomposition of Fe(acac)(3) in triethylene glycol, which were coated with a triethylene glycol layer and thus demonstrated excellent water stability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The optimized deposition temperature has been found to be 250°C (IO-250 NPs). The magnetic and thermal properties as well as the cytotoxicity of IO-250 NPs were investigated. In vitro experiments have demonstrated high cellular uptake and low cytotoxicity. The hyperthermia experiments showed effectiveness in temperature rise and cancer cell death. IO-250 NPs showed promising MRI with relaxivity r(2)* as high as 617.5 s(-1) mM(-1) Fe. In vivo MRI showed excellent tumor imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IO-250 NPs have great potential to be applied for clinical MRI and magnetic thermotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Dipak
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Maity
authors.forename: Prashant
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chandrasekharan
authors.forename: Chang-Tong
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kai-Hsiang
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Borys
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shuter
authors.forename: Jun-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Si-Shen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005334:Fever; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D050997:Nanomedicine / Q000379:methods*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
chemical_list: D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles