title: Mutual solubility study in supercritical fluid extraction of tocopherols from crude palm oil using CO₂solvent.
abstract: In this article, the mutual solubility of tocopherols from crude palm oil was studied using carbon dioxide as a solvent at the temperatures of 80, 100 and 120 °C. Each sample from the phase equilibrium unit contained two parts. The liquid part was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) in order to measure the tocopherol composition and, on the other hand, the vapor phase was conducted in an expansion vessel in order to measure the pressure increment during the expansion process. Two phase equilibrium data was calculated using the liquid phase composition and pressure increments during the expansion process. Results showed that the maximum solubility of tocopherols was around 2.27% at a temperature of 120 °C and at pressure of 5.44 MPa.
authors.affiliation: Chemical Engineering Department, Arak University, Arak, Iran; E-Mails: m-moraveji@araku.ac.ir (M.K.M.); fa.ahmadlo@yahoo.com (F.A.).
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davarnejad
authors.forename: Zainal
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Suhairi A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sata
authors.forename: Mostafa Keshavarz
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Moraveji
authors.forename: Farzaneh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmadloo
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010938:Plant Oils; D012997:Solvents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000073878:Palm Oil; D024505:Tocopherols