title: Novel nanotechnology approaches to diagnosis and therapy of ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ovarian carcinoma is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies, which is a direct outcome of missing its diagnosis at an early stage. Approximately 75% of ovarian cancer patients are initially diagnosed with disseminated intra-abdominal disease (stages III-IV) when ~30% of patients have a 5-year survival rate. In addition to the challenge of early detection of ovarian cancer, its therapy presents several challenges including the route of therapy, resistance to therapy with recurrence of cancer, and specific targeting of ovarian cancer to reduce cytotoxic side effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed recent literature employing nanotechnology approaches to diagnosis and therapy of ovarian cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recent innovations in nanotechnology with applications in cancer diagnostics and therapy help circumvent many pre-existing problems with conventional chemotherapy and present new ways of diagnosis and therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nanotechnology has promising potential in enhancing early detection of ovarian cancer and treatment of recurrent disease.
authors.affiliation: PharmD Program, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Worcester, MA 01608, USA.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Shabdis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Djazayeri
authors.forename: Reema
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeineldin
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D010789:Phototherapy
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide