title: Tyrosine phosphatases as key regulators of StAR induction and cholesterol transport: SHP2 as a potential tyrosine phosphatase involved in steroid synthesis.
abstract: The phospho-dephosphorylation of intermediate proteins is a key event in the regulation of steroid biosynthesis. In this regard, it is well accepted that steroidogenic hormones act through the activation of serine/threonine (Ser/Thr) protein kinases. Although many cellular processes can be regulated by a crosstalk between different kinases and phosphatases, the relationship of Ser/Thr phosphorylation and tyrosine (Tyr)-dephosphorylation is a recently explored field in the regulation of steroid synthesis. Indeed in steroidogenic cells, one of the targets of hormone-induced Ser/Thr phosphorylation is a protein tyrosine phosphatase. Whereas protein tyrosine phosphatases were initially regarded as household enzymes with constitutive activity, dephosphorylating all the substrates they encountered, evidence is now accumulating that protein tyrosine phosphatases are tightly regulated by various mechanisms. Here, we will describe the role of protein tyrosine phosphatases in the regulation of steroid biosynthesis, relating them to steroidogenic acute regulatory protein, arachidonic acid metabolism and mitochondrial rearrangement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry-IIMHNO, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Paraguay 2155, 5th, C1121ABG Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cooke
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mele
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maloberti
authors.forename: Alejandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poderoso
authors.forename: Ulises
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paz
authors.forename: Fabiana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cornejo Maciel
authors.forename: Ernesto J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Podestá
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11 / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D000098682:Steroidogenic Acute Regulatory Protein; D002784:Cholesterol; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11