title: Managing hyponatremia in cirrhosis.
abstract: The development of hyponatremia represents an ominous event in the progression of cirrhosis to end-stage liver disease. It usually develops in those with refractory ascites and is a manifestation of the non-osmotic release of arginine vasopressin (AVP). In the hospitalized cirrhotic patient, hyponatremia is associated with increased disease severity and mortality. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of hyponatremia, its clinical implications, evaluation, and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Samuel H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sigal
mesh_terms: D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019468:Disease Management; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin / Q000378:metabolism; D000077602:Tolvaptan
chemical_list: D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin; D000077602:Tolvaptan