title: Removal of pollutants and reduction of bio-toxicity in a full scale chemical coagulation and reverse osmosis leachate treatment system.
abstract: Removals of pollutants and toxic organic compounds and reduction in bio-toxicity of leachate along an operating full-scale leachate treatment system utilizing chemical coagulation, sand filtration, microfiltration (MF) and reverse osmosis (RO) membrane were evaluated. High pollutant removals were achieved mainly by coagulation and sand filtration. Major toxic organic pollutants, i.e. DEHP, DBP and bisphenol A were removed by 100%, 99.6% and 98.0%. Acute toxicity test using water flea, Nile Tilapia and common carp and genotoxicity (Comet assay) were conducted to determine toxicity reduction in leachate along the treatment. Ammonia was found to be the main acute toxic compounds in leachate as determined by LC(50) but the effect of organic substances was also observed. DNA damage in fish exposed to diluted raw leachate (10% of LC(50)) was found to be 8.9-24.3% and it was subsequently decreased along the treatment. Correlation between pollutants and its bio-toxicity was established using multivariable analyses.
authors.affiliation: National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Th_Suthida@hotmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Theepharaksapan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiemchaisri
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chiemchaisri
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism; D023681:Cichlids / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D005427:Flocculation / Q000187:drug effects; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009995:Osmosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005423:Siphonaptera / Q000187:drug effects; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000641:Ammonia