title: Thoracic empyema after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: an unusual cause.
abstract: Thoracic empyema after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a rare complication. It is associated with dropped gallstones during the operation. In this case, we report a hepatocellular adenoma hemorrhage underneath an old diaphragm rupture, causing empyema after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Thoracic Surgery, Medical Center Alkmaar, Wilhelminalaan 12, 1815 JD, Alkmaar, The Netherlands. r.mollema@mca.nl
authors.forename: Robbert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mollema
authors.forename: Marijn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poelman
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pot
authors.forename: Hermien
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schreurs
mesh_terms: D018248:Adenoma, Liver Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015505:Chest Tubes; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002954:Citrobacter / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D012421:Rupture; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013908:Thoracotomy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents