title: 18F-FDG PET reveals frontotemporal dysfunction in children with fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy.
abstract: Fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy in school-age children (FIRES) is a recently described epileptic entity whose etiology remains unknown. Brain abnormalities shown by MRI are usually limited to mesial-temporal structures and do not account for the catastrophic neuropsychologic findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted FIRES studies in 8 patients, aged 6-13 y, using 18F-FDG PET to disclose eventual neocortical dysfunction. Voxel-based analyses of cerebral glucose metabolism were performed using statistical parametric mapping and an age-matched control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group analysis revealed a widespread interictal hypometabolic network including the temporoparietal and orbitofrontal cortices bilaterally. The individual analyses in patients identified hypometabolic areas corresponding to the predominant electroencephalograph foci and neuropsychologic deficits involving language, behavior, and memory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite clinical heterogeneity, 18F-FDG PET reveals a common network dysfunction in patients with sequelae due to fever-induced refractory epileptic encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: APHP, Neuropediatric Department, Hospital Necker-Enfants Malades, and Inserm, U663-University Paris Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazzuca
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jambaque
authors.forename: Lucie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hertz-Pannier
authors.forename: Viviane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bouilleret
authors.forename: Frederique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Archambaud
authors.forename: Verne
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Caviness
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dulac
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiron
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18