title: Gestational diabetes mellitus alters maternal and neonatal circulating endothelial progenitor cell subsets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine whether women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and their offspring have reduced endothelial progenitor cell subsets and vascular reactivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with GDM, healthy control subjects, and their infants participated. Maternal blood and cord blood were assessed for colony-forming unit-endothelial cells and endothelial progenitor cell subsets with the use of polychromatic flow cytometry. Cord blood endothelial colony-forming cells were enumerated. Vascular reactivity was tested by laser Doppler imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with GDM had fewer CD34, CD133, CD45, and CD31 cells (circulating progenitor cells [CPCs]) at 24-32 weeks' gestation and 1-2 days after delivery, compared with control subjects. No differences were detected in colony-forming unit-endothelial cells or colony-forming unit-endothelial cells. In control subjects, CPCs were higher in the third trimester, compared with the postpartum period. Cord blood from GDM pregnancies had reduced CPCs. Vascular reactivity was not different between GDM and control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The normal physiologic increase in CPCs during pregnancy is impaired in women with GDM, which may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and GDM-associated morbidities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Chandan K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: Linda A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dimeglio
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Ingram
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Haneline
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000503:physiopathology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D011247:Pregnancy; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*