title: Potential use of probiotic- and triherbal extract-enriched diets to control Aeromonas hydrophila infection in carp.
abstract: This study reports the effect of probiotic- and triherbal extract-enriched diet on Cyprinus carpio (52 +/- 2 g, n = 250) inoculated intramuscularly (50 microl) with Aeromonas hydrophila (1.8 x 106 CFU ml(-1)). On Day 6 post-infection, the fish were divided into 4 groups and fed with the basal diet (IU) or with diets supplemented with triherbal extract (H), Sporolac (S) or Lactobacillus (L). A fifth group of non-infected fish fed with the basal diet was used as a control. Haematology and immunology parameters were measured in Weeks 1, 2 and 4. In the H, S, and L groups, white blood cell levels were significantly increased (p < 0.05) throughout the experimental period. In the H and S groups, red blood cell and haemoglobin levels decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in Weeks 1, 2 and 4. In all the diet groups, the haematocrit and mean corpuscular volume did not differ significantly (p > 0.05) in Week 1, and these values remained near those of the control in Week 2. The S and L groups did not exhibit significant changes (p > 0.05) in glucose, and cholesterol levels in Weeks 2 and 4 compared to controls, and the L group also showed no change in total protein. Respiratory burst activity was significantly increased in Weeks 1 to 4 in the H, S and L groups. Serum-mediated killing of Escherichia coli was significantly increased in the L group in Weeks 1 to 4. Mortalities after A. hydrophila challenge were higher in the IU (85%) and H (50%) groups than in the S (45%) and L (35%) groups. Our results show that formulated probiotic-enriched diets can speed up the recovery of ulcerative dermatitis induced by A. hydrophila in carp.
authors.affiliation: Marine and Environmental Research Institute, Marine Applied Microbes and Aquatic Organism Disease Control Laboratory, Department of Aquatic Biomedical Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 690-756, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ramasamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harikrishnan
authors.forename: Chellam
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balasundaram
authors.forename: Moon-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Heo
mesh_terms: D016980:Aeromonas hydrophila; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D028321:Plant Preparations; D019936:Probiotics; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D028321:Plant Preparations