title: Toward novel vaccines against tuberculosis: current hopes and obstacles.
abstract: Approximately 2 million people die of tuberculosis (TB) each year. The current vaccine, Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG), albeit widely employed, does not protect against adult pulmonary disease, and new vaccines are urgently needed to reduce the incidence of TB worldwide. New insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie the interactions between Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its host have been exploited to develop novel vaccine candidates that recently have entered clinical trials. This review provides a brief overview of different approaches toward a new vaccination strategy and summarizes major challenges for the next decade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. christoph.thaiss@yale.edu
authors.forename: Christoph A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Thaiss
authors.forename: Stefan H E
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
mesh_terms: D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D032581:Tuberculosis Vaccines