title: The frequencies of human neutrophil alloantigens in the Chinese Han population of Guangzhou.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibodies against polymorphic structures on human neutrophil antigens (HNAs) play a role in alloimmune-mediated neutropenia and are the leading cause of antibody-mediated transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). This study aimed to determine the frequencies of HNAs in the major Han ethnic group living in Guangdong Province, Southern China.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 493 healthy Chinese Han blood donors from Guangzhou were recruited. DNA samples were isolated and typed for all five HNA-1, -2, -3, -4, and -5 systems using allele-specific polymerase chain reaction approaches. Results were compared with available data from other Chinese cohorts and other Asian and Caucasian populations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this cohort, the gene frequency for HNA-1a (0.667) was approximately twice that of HNA-1b (0.333). In contrast to Caucasian populations, HNA-1a represents the most frequent allele in the Chinese population. HNA-3 system genotyping revealed comparable frequencies for HNA-3a (0.738) and -3b (0.262) in Chinese and Caucasian populations. Homozygous HNA-3 bb individuals were found in 5.64% of our cohort. HNA-4 genotyping revealed no HNA-4 bb homozygous individuals. In contrast, HNA-5 bb homozygous individuals represented 2.43% of the population. Typing the HNA-2 system for the single-nucleotide polymorphism C42G showed that the C-allele (69%) is overrepresented and is associated with an increased number of HNA-2a-positive neutrophil subpopulations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study describes for the first time the frequencies of all HNA systems, including the newly identified HNA-3, within one cohort of Chinese Han population. Comparison with Caucasian populations may allow assessment of anti-HNA alloimmunization and estimation of alloimmune neutropenia and TRALI incidence in Chinese populations.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Blood Transfusion, Guangzhou Blood Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
authors.forename: Wenjie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Behnaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bayat
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: Yangkai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Xiuzhang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Haoqiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Yongshui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Sentot
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santoso
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D002681:China; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007519:Isoantigens / Q000235:genetics*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C407242:CD177 protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C518134:HNA-3a antigen, human; D007519:Isoantigens; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C067704:neutrophil-specific antigen NA1, human