title: Arterial stiffness and asymptomatic intracranial large arterial stenosis and calcification in hypertensive chinese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intracranial large artery disease (ICLAD), such as stenosis and calcification, is common in Chinese patients with stroke. However, little is known about ICLAD and its association with large arterial stiffness in hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 270 (mean age 61.0 years, 45.6% male) untreated hypertensive patients without stroke from a community in Shanghai, China. ICLAD was detected by computerized tomographic angiography (CTA). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV), office, and 24-h ambulatory pulse pressure (PP) as well as ambulatory arterial stiffness index (AASI) were determined as the measures of arterial stiffness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among all participants, 26 (9.6%) had concurrent intracranial arterial stenosis and calcification, 11 (4.1%) stenosis only, and 71 (26.3%) calcifications only. After adjustment for age, mean arterial pressure, and other covariables, there was significant difference in cf-PWV (13.1 vs. 13.7 vs. 15.0 m/s; P = 0.0015) and 24-h PP (46.7 vs. 48.8 vs. 55.7 mm Hg; P = 0.0007) between patients with normal vessels (n = 162), with stenosis or calcification (n = 82), and with both lesions (n = 26). Multiple ordinal logistic regression analyses showed that both cf-PWV and 24-h PP were independently associated with ICLAD. Odds ratios (95% confidence interval (CI)) of ICLAD after multivariable and mutually adjustment were 1.51 (1.09-2.10) and 1.46 (1.06-2.01) for 1-s.d. increase in cf-PWV and 24-h PP, respectively. No significant association (P ≥ 0.10) with AASI or office PP was observed in multivariable analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased arterial stiffness was independently associated with ICLAD. cf-PWV and 24-h PP might be useful in identifying those more likely to have ICLAD among hypertensive patients.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Department of Hypertension, Center for Vascular Evaluations, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wenquan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Pingjin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Liyun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huawei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Kemin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dingliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020765:Intracranial Arterial Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged