title: Elevated S100B level in cerebrospinal fluid could predict poor outcome of carbon monoxide poisoning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  S100B is a calcium-binding protein produced by astroglia in the brain and has been used as a marker of neuronal damage after brain trauma. We investigated the utility of S100B in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) measured during the early phase of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning in predicting the subsequent clinical course.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 31 patients who were admitted to the hospital with loss of consciousness following CO poisoning. S100B levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in CSF, and serum samples collected simultaneously within 24 hours and on the fourth day after CO exposure. All patients were followed for at least 3 months and divided into 3 groups based on the clinical course: persistent vegetative state (PVS), delayed encephalopathy (DE), and complete recovery with no complications (NC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 3-month period, 3 patients developed PVS, 5 developed DE, and 23 were classified as NC. The mean S100B levels in the CSF within 24 hours after CO exposure were higher in the PVS group (9.25 ng/mL) than in the DE (2.03 ng/mL) and NC groups (1.86 ng/mL). However, the mean serum S100B levels were not elevated in the 3 groups (0.21, 0.59, and 0.16 ng/mL, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early elevation of S100B in CSF after CO poisoning could be a suitable predictor of subsequent development of PVS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 252-0374, Japan. toshi3i@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Yoshito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamijo
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Kuniko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Kazui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soma
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002249:Carbon Monoxide Poisoning / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human