title: Etiological role of cigarette smoking in rheumatoid arthritis: Nasal exposure to cigarette smoke condensate extracts augments the development of collagen-induced arthritis in mice.
abstract: Cigarette smoking is a major environmental risk factor for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the experimental bases supporting the etiological role of cigarette smoking in RA have not been fully provided. We have reported that cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), by means of subcutaneous injection into DBA/1J mice with collagen and complete Freund's adjuvant or intraperitoneal injection one day before immunization, augmented the development of arthritis in the mouse model of collagen type II-induced arthritis (CIA). However, these experimental procedures may not be appropriate for cigarette smoking. In this study, we nasally exposed mice to mainstream CSC and found that CSC augmented the induction and development of arthritis and antibody level against collagen. Histological examination confirmed the augmenting effect of CSC. These findings provide experimental bases supporting the etiological role of cigarette smoking in RA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Health Sciences, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Mizuho 3-1, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Shosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chujo
authors.forename: Kyohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: Saotomo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Takemasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takii
authors.forename: Kazuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Kikuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onozaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000009:adverse effects*