title: Effect of alcohol consumption on in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate whether alcohol use at the initiation of an in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle is associated with IVF outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective cohort study, men and women completed a self-administered questionnaire before their first IVF cycle. Participants reported alcohol type, amount, and frequency consumed. Discrete survival analysis was applied to calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for live birth-the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes were cycle characteristics and points of failure in the IVF process (cycle cancellation, failed fertilization, implantation failure, and spontaneous abortion). We conducted multicycle analyses with final models adjusted for potential confounders that included cycle number, cigarette use, body mass index, and age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2,545 couples contributed 4,729 cycles. Forty-one percent of women and 58% of men drank one to six drinks per week. Women drinking at least four drinks per week had 16% less odds of a live birth rate compared with those who drank fewer than four drinks per week (OR 0.84, CI 0.71-0.99). For couples in which both partners drank at least four drinks per week, the odds of live birth were 21% lower compared with couples in which both drank fewer than four drinks per week (OR 0.79; CI 0.66-0.96).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumption of as few as four alcoholic drinks per week is associated with a decrease in IVF live birth rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  II.
authors.affiliation: From the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; the Department of Environmental Health, Environmental and Occupational Medicine and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health; Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School; and the Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
authors.forename: Brooke V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Katharine F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hornstein
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: Shelley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.forename: Stacey A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Missmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001723:Birth Rate; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies