title: Bioengineering of bacterial magnetic particles and their applications in biotechnology.
abstract: Magnetic particles have attracted much attention for their versatile uses in biotechnology, especially in medical applications. The major advantage of magnetic particles is that they can be easily manipulated by magnetic forces. Magnetotactic bacteria synthesize nano-sized biomagnetites, otherwise known as bacterial magnetic particles (BacMPs) that are individually enveloped by a lipid bilayer membrane. The mechanisms of BacMP synthesis have been analyzed by genomic, proteomic, and bioinformatic approaches. Based on those studies in Magnetospirillum magneticum AMB-1, functional nanomaterials have been designed and produced. Through genetic engineering, functional proteins such as enzymes, antibodies, and receptors have been successfully displayed on BacMPs. These functional BacMPs have been utilized in various biosensors and bio-separation processes. Here, recent papers and patents for bioengineering of BacMPs and their applications in biotechnology are reviewed. The elucidation of the mechanism of magnetic particle synthesis has provided a roadmap for the design of novel biomaterials that can play useful roles in multiple disciplinary fields.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16, Naka-cho, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunag
mesh_terms: D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D057205:Automation, Laboratory; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D057005:Bioengineering; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D001709:Biotechnology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D050939:Gene Fusion; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D042201:Magnetospirillum / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010330:Patents as Topic; D015202:Protein Engineering; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C405425:MpsA protein, Magnetospirillum sp.