title: Adipocere: what is known after over two centuries of research.
abstract: This paper reviews over two centuries of research focusing on various issues relating to adipocere. Adipocere is a crumbly, soap-like postmortem product that forms from soft tissue in a variety of environments. The timing of the formation and degradation of adipocere depends largely on the environmental circumstances. Once formed, adipocere can persist for hundreds of years, acting as a preservative. In this way, some define it as a process of mummification. This type of persistence can be useful in a forensic context as it can preserve evidence. Sustained interest in adipocere prompted many investigations into the composition and conditions of formation. More recent investigations, aided by technological advances, build upon the knowledge gained from prior studies as well as delve into the chemical composition of adipocere. This in turn provides new information on detection and documentation of constituent substances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Smithsonian Institution, NMNH, MRC 112, Washington, DC 20560-0112, USA. ubelaked@si.edu
authors.forename: Douglas H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ubelaker
authors.forename: Kristina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Zarenko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004777:Environment; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends*; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D009106:Mummies; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D012987:Soil; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D012987:Soil