title: Comparison of fit accuracy between Procera® custom abutments and three implant systems.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although increase of misfit has been reported when associating implant and abutment from different manufacturers, Procera custom abutment has been universally used in clinical practice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this investigation was to compare the vertical gap of zirconia Procera® abutment associated with implants from the same manufacturer (Procera manufacturer) and two other implant systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four zirconia Procera abutments were produced using computer-assisted design and manufacture and paired with (a) eight MK III, RP 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Nobel Biocare™, Göteborg, Sweden) - GNB group (Nobel Biocare group); (b) eight Try on, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Sistema de Implantes, São Paulo, Brazil) - ES group (SIN experimental group) ; and (c) eight Master screw, 4.1 × 10 mm implants (Conexão® Sistema de Prótese, São Paulo, Brazil) - EC group (Conexão experimental group). A comparison of the vertical misfit at the implant-abutment interface was taken at six measuring sites on each sample using scanning electron microscopy with a magnification of 408×. One-way analysis of variance was used to test for differences, and Tukey's test was used for pair-wise comparison of groups (α = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant differences relative to average misfit were found when Procera abutments were associated with other implant manufacturers. The ES group and EC group did not differ significantly, but both demonstrated significantly larger average misfit than the GNB group (p = .001). The average misfit was 5.7 µm ± 0.39, 9.53 µm ± 0.52, and 10.62 µm ± 2.16, respectively, for groups GNB, ES, and EC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of Procera zirconia abutment with other implant systems different from its manufacturer demonstrated significant alteration of vertical misfit at implant-abutment interface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, UNIME, Bahia, Brazil. tiagoalvescunha@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Tiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: de Morais Alves da Cunha
authors.forename: Roberto Paulo Correia
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: de Araújo
authors.forename: Paulo Vicente Barbosa
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.forename: Rosa Maria Pazos
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Amoedo
mesh_terms: D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D014025:Titanium; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D016876:Metal Ceramic Alloys; C077451:Procera; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D015040:Zirconium; D014025:Titanium; C028541:zirconium oxide