title: College students' exposure to tobacco marketing in nightclubs and bars.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to examine whether a college student's exposure to tobacco marketing in nightclubs and bars was affected by the presence of a smoke-free law.
  
  
  METHODS
  a random sample (N = 478) of students participated in the survey (no smoke-free law, n = 240; smoke-free law, n = 238). The analysis was limited to students who reported being in nightclubs and bars (n = 171).
  
  
  METHODS
  a nonexperimental, cross-sectional, 2-group design was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  students in the smoke-free law city were more likely to be approached by tobacco marketers (34.7% versus 20.2%, p = .02), offered free gifts (41.7% versus 24.2%, p = .02), and take free gifts for themselves (34.7% versus 19.2%, p = .02). They were more likely to be exposed to direct marketing strategies (1.83 versus 1.12, p = .02). There was no difference on indirect tobacco marketing by site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  tobacco marketing is pervasive in nightclubs and bars. Smoke-free laws may protect against exposure to secondhand smoke but not the "pro" smoking messages students encounter.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, USA. slridn01@louisville.edu
authors.forename: S Lee
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ridner
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Ellen J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Tiffany N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Ciszewski
mesh_terms: D000329:Advertising / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D012147:Restaurants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013334:Students / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014495:Universities / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*