title: Interaction of clozapine and its nitrenium ion with rat D2 dopamine receptors: in vitro binding and computational study.
abstract: The interaction of diazepine analogues like clozapine or olanzapine with D2 receptor was greatly affected by a mixture of HRP/H(2)O(2) known to induce the formation of nitrenium ion. Unlike diazepine derivatives, the oxidative mixture had low impact on the affinity of oxa- and thiazepine derivatives such as loxapine, clothiapine or JL13 for the D2 receptor. Molecular docking simulations revealed a huge difference between the mode of interaction of clozapine nitrenium ion and the parent drug. Electronic and geometric changes of the tricyclic ring system caused by the oxidation appeared to prevent the compound finding the correct binding mode and could therefore explain the difference observed in binding affinities.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and CIRM (B36), University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dilly
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liégeois
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003024:Clozapine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008152:Loxapine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010077:Oxazepines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010879:Piperazines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011725:Pyridines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C441720:5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-8-chloropyrido(2,3-b)(1,5)benzoxazepine fumarate; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D010077:Oxazepines; D010879:Piperazines; D011725:Pyridines; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D003024:Clozapine; D008152:Loxapine; D000077152:Olanzapine; C084602:clothiapine