title: Evidence for model-based action planning in a sequential finger movement task.
abstract: In this article, the authors examine whether and how humans use model-free, reflexive strategies and model-based, deliberative strategies in motor sequence learning. They asked subjects to perform the grid-sailing task, which required moving a cursor to different goal positions in a 5 × 5 grid using different key-mapping (KM) rules between 3 finger keys and 3 cursor movement directions. The task was performed under 3 conditions: Condition 1, new KM; Condition 2, new goal position with learned KM; and Condition 3, learned goal position with learned KM; with or without prestart delay time. The performance improvement with prestart delay was significantly larger under Condition 2. This result provides evidence that humans implement a model-based strategy for sequential action selection and learning by using previously learned internal model of state transition by actions.
authors.affiliation: Neural Computation Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Onna, Japan. alan@oist.jp
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fermin
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D058765:Neurofeedback; D011340:Problem Solving; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012691:Serial Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D013598:Systems Theory; D055815:Young Adult