title: Long-term outcome of coil occlusion in patients with patent ductus arteriosus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coil occlusion has been widely indicated for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Although many reports have shown the efficacy and safety of coil occlusion, the long-term outcome in patients remains controversial. Here, we analyzed the long-term outcome of coil occlusion in patients with PDA in Japan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We collected the longitudinal data of patients who underwent coil occlusion between 1995 and 2009. A total of 310 coil occlusions were performed in 298 patients with PDA. The median minimum duct diameter was 1.4mm. Successful coil occlusion was achieved in 286 patients (96.0%), and total adverse events were seen in only 28 cases (9.0%). The median follow-up period was 50 months. The occlusion rates at 1 month, 6 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years were 90.1%, 94.4%, 97.4%, 97.8% and 97.8%, respectively. Patients with a large PDA (≥4mm) showed a higher rate of residual leakage than those with a small (<2mm) or moderate (2-4mm) PDA (P=0.004). Patients who underwent this procedure in the early study period also showed a higher rate of residual leakage than those in the late study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coil occlusion is an effective procedure for patients with PDA. Our data indicate that the long-term outcome is promising without any adverse events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Stroke & Cardiovascular Center, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan. hidemi.takata@gmail.com
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higaki
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Mitsugi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Fumiaki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shikata
authors.forename: Hideshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yazaki
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishii
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography