title: Indications for the use of next-generation antiretroviral drugs in current clinical practice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the indications for use, in medical practice, of next-generation antiretroviral drugs (NGA): darunavir, raltegravir, maraviroc and etravirine.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational, transversal and descriptive study conducted in adult patients who have started to receive a NGA between May 2008 and April 2009. The variables associated with the use of NGA were defined as follows: a) Variables related to efficacy: resistance confirmed by geno/phenotype tests or potencial resistance as a result of extensive exposure to antiretroviral agents, and/or severe immunological deterioration (CD4 less than 200 cells/mcl). b) Variables related to safety: prior toxicity to classic antiretroviral drugs and/or comorbidity which compromises their use. c) Combined efficacy and safety variable (main variable): prioritizing the variables which were detected, the patients were classified into three groups: multiresistant geno/phenotype (multi-G/P), multiresistant as a result of treatment history and other situations. Data was obtained from electronic medical records, laboratory tests, and records of interviews and drugs dispensed by the Pharmacy Service.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy three patients, 40% of whom had an undetectable viral load and 38.4% who showed severe immunological deterioration, were included in the study. Multi-G/P occurred in 45% and multiresistance as a result of treatment history was found in 33% of patients. Patients classified as belonging to the "other situations" category were characterized by having a greater viral load and a poorer immunological status. In 90% of the patients without multi-G/P two or more variables associated with the use of NGA were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The medical reality of using NGA shows that they play a role in clinical situations which are very different, specific and difficult to manage.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Farmacia, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, España. lcastillo.hgugm@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castillo Romera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ais Larisgoitia
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Trovato López
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Escudero Villaplana
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bellón Cano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanjurjo Saéz
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069454:Darunavir; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000077592:Maraviroc; D008875:Middle Aged; D009570:Nitriles; D011724:Pyridazines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068898:Raltegravir Potassium; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014230:Triazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D009570:Nitriles; D011724:Pyridazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014230:Triazoles; C451734:etravirine; D000068898:Raltegravir Potassium; D000077592:Maraviroc; D000069454:Darunavir