title: Validation of a new method for building a three-dimensional physical model of the skull and dentition.
abstract: We present a new method for replicating the skull and occlusal surface with an accurate physical model that could be used for planning orthognathic surgery. The investigation was made on 6 human skulls, and a polyvinyl splint was fabricated on the dental cast of the maxillary dentition in each case. A cone beam computed tomogram (CBCT) was taken of each skull and a three-dimensional replica produced. The distorted dentition (as a result of magnification errors and streak artefacts) was removed from the three-dimensional model and replaced by new plaster dentition that was fabricated using the polyvinyl splint and a transfer jig replication technique. To verify the accuracy of the method the human skulls and the three dimensional replica model, with the new plaster dentition in situ, were scanned using a laser scanner. The three-dimensional images produced were superimposed to identify the errors associated with the replacement of the distorted occlusal surface with the new plaster dentition. The overall mean error was 0.72 and SD was (0.26)mm. The accuracy of the method encouraged us to use it clinically in a case of pronounced facial asymmetry.
authors.affiliation: Regional Maxillofacial Unit, Southern General Hospital, 1345 Govan Road, Glasgow G51 4TF, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Neil
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Khambay
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Moos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barbenel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayoub
mesh_terms: D059925:Anatomic Landmarks / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D016477:Artifacts; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D054893:Cone-Beam Computed Tomography / Q000379:methods; D003734:Dental Casting Investment / Q000737:chemistry; D003760:Dental Impression Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D003761:Dental Impression Technique; D003817:Dentition; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007834:Lasers; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D003765:Models, Dental; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D056948:Orthognathic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000379:methods; D059229:Osteotomy, Sagittal Split Ramus / Q000379:methods; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry; D011858:Radiographic Magnification; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014716:Vertical Dimension
chemical_list: D003734:Dental Casting Investment; D003760:Dental Impression Materials; D011145:Polyvinyls; D002133:Calcium Sulfate