title: Implicit and explicit attitudes predict smoking cessation: moderating effects of experienced failure to control smoking and plans to quit.
abstract: The current study tested implicit and explicit attitudes as prospective predictors of smoking cessation in a Midwestern community sample of smokers. Results showed that the effects of attitudes significantly varied with levels of experienced failure to control smoking and plans to quit. Explicit attitudes significantly predicted later cessation among those with low (but not high or average) levels of experienced failure to control smoking. Conversely, however, implicit attitudes significantly predicted later cessation among those with high levels of experienced failure to control smoking, but only if they had a plan to quit. Because smoking cessation involves both controlled and automatic processes, interventions may need to consider attitude change interventions that focus on both implicit and explicit attitudes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-1104, USA. lchassin@asu.edu
authors.forename: Laurie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chassin
authors.forename: Clark C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Presson
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Dong-Chul
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jonathan T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Macy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D012931:Social Environment