title: Remodeling of sphingolipids by plasma membrane associated enzymes.
abstract: The sphingolipid plasma membrane content and pattern is the result of several processes, among which the main, in term of quantity, are: neo-biosynthesis in endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus, membrane turnover with final catabolism in lysosomes and membrane shedding. In addition to this, past and recent data suggest that the head group of sphingolipids can be opportunely modified at the plasma membrane level, probably inside specific membrane lipid domains, by the action of enzymes involved in the sphingolipids metabolism, working directly at the cell surface. The number of membrane enzymes, hydrolases and transferases, acting on membrane sphingolipids is growing very rapidly. In this report we describe some properties of these enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Medical Chemistry, Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Milan, Segrate, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aureli
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Loberto
authors.forename: Vanna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chigorno
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prinetti
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sonnino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D013107:Sphingolipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids; D013107:Sphingolipids; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D008025:Ligases