title: Serodiagnosis of primary infections with human parvovirus 4, Finland.
abstract: To determine the prevalence of parvovirus 4 infection and its clinical and sociodemographic correlations in Finland, we used virus-like particle-based serodiagnostic procedures (immunoglobulin [Ig] G, IgM, and IgG avidity) and PCR. We found 2 persons with parvovirus 4 primary infection who had mild or asymptomatic clinical features among hepatitis C virus-infected injection drug users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lahtinen
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kivelä
authors.forename: Lea
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hedman
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kantele
authors.forename: Maija
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lappalainen
authors.forename: Kirsi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liitsola
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ristola
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delwart
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simmonds
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Söderlund-Venermo
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hedman
mesh_terms: D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D004279:DNA, Viral; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D017992:Parvovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000379:methods; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M