title: Observing the bony canal structure of the human maxillary sinus in Japanese cadavers using cone beam CT.
abstract: We observed the location of the posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) and nerve at the macroscopic level between the maxillary sinus (MS) and surrounding bone of the anterior region of the maxilla. This study was completed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging of 19 human cadavers with 38 sides of Japanese origin (ranging in age from 59-94 years, mean 77.7 +/- 9.8 years) that were prepared for this study. The bony canal structure of the inner surface of the maxilla was clearly apparent in our results, and the bony canals were classified into three types according to the structure along the course of the PSAA: canal-like, ditch-shaped tunnel and fragmented, and the lest sides were undefined. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-positive fibers were identified along the PSAA in the bony canal of the maxilla by immunohistochemistry. The presence of the bony structure and CGRP-positive nerve fibers along the PSAA suggests that there is risk to the PSAA during surgery involving graft implant in the floor of the maxillary sinus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Nippon Dental University, 1-9-20 Fujimi Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan. iwaoa1@tokyo.ndu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imura
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asaumi
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sunohara
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yosue
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D002102:Cadaver; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008438:Maxillary Artery / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000294:innervation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000378:metabolism; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide