title: Adhesive quality of self-adhesive and conventional adhesive resin cement to Y-TZP ceramic before and after aging conditions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluated the adhesive quality of simplified self-adhesive and conventional resin cements to Y-TZP in dry and aged conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Y-TZP ceramic blocks (N = 192) (5 x 5 x 2 mm) were embedded in acrylic resin and randomly divided into two groups, based on surface conditioning: 96% isopropanol or chairside tribochemical silica coating and silanization. Conditioned ceramics were divided into four groups to receive the resin cements (Panavia F 2.0, Variolink II, RelyX U100 and Maxcem). After 24 hours, half of the specimens (n = 12) from each group were submitted to shear bond strength testing (0.5 mm/minute). The remaining specimens were tested after 90 days of water storage at 37 degrees C and thermocycling (12,000x, 5 degrees C-55 degrees C). Failure types were then assessed. The data were analyzed using three-way ANOVA and the Tukey's test (alpha = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant effects of ceramic conditioning, cement type and storage conditions were observed (p < 0.0001). The groups cleaned using alcohol only showed low bond strength values in dry conditions and the bond strength was reduced dramatically after aging. Groups conditioned using silica coating and silanization showed higher bond strengths both in dry and aged conditions. A high number of specimens failed prematurely prior to testing when they were cleaned using 96% isopropanol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, silica coating and silanization showed higher, stable bond strengths with and without aging. The durability of resin-ceramic adhesion varied, depending on the adhesive cement type.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, São Paulo State University, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sheila Pestana
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.forename: Liliana Gressler
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Diana Capelli
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Barca
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bottino
authors.forename: Luiz Felipe
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Valandro
mesh_terms: D019840:2-Propanol / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015019:Yttrium / Q000737:chemistry*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C515955:Maxcem; C438843:Panavia-Fluoro; C528569:Rely-X; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D012997:Solvents; C499362:yttria stabilized tetragonal zirconia; D014867:Water; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C103502:Variolink; D015019:Yttrium; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium; D019840:2-Propanol