title: Assessment of IgE response and cytokine gene expression in pulmonary efferent lymph collected after ovalbumin inhalation during experimental infection of calves with bovine respiratory syncytial virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess IgE response and cytokine gene expressions in pulmonary lymph collected from bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV)-infected calves after ovalbumin inhalation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen 7- to 8-week-old calves.
  
  
  METHODS
  The efferent lymphatic duct of the caudal mediastinal lymph node of each calf was cannulated 3 or 4 days before experiment commencement. Calves were inoculated (day 0) with BRSV (n = 7) or BRSV-free tissue culture medium (mock exposure; 6) via aerosolization and exposed to aerosolized ovalbumin on days 1 through 6 and day 15. An efferent lymph sample was collected daily from each calf on days -1 through 16; CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets in lymph samples were enumerated with a fluorescence-activated cell scanner. Expressions of several cytokines by efferent lymphocytes and lymph ovalbumin-specific IgE concentration were measured. Each calf was euthanized on day 16 and then necropsied for evaluation of lungs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean fold increase in ovalbumin-specific IgE concentration was greater in BRSV-infected calves than in mock-infected calves. At various time points from days 4 through 10, percentages of T lymphocyte subsets and CD4+:CD8+ T lymphocyte ratios differed between BRSV-infected calves and day -1 values or from values in mock-infected calves. On days 3 through 5, IL-4 and IL-13 gene expressions in BRSV-infected calves were increased, compared with expressions in mock-infected calves. Lung lesions were consistent with antigen exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In response to the inhalation of aerosolized ovalbumin, BRSV infection in calves appeared to facilitate induction of a T helper 2 cell response and ovalbumin-specific IgE production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. ljgershwin@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Laurel J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gershwin
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Chunbo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Londa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Berghaus
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Kenny
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gunther
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D002417:Cattle; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008196:Lymph / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D018112:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D010047:Ovalbumin