title: Long-term aversive taste memory requires insular and amygdala protein degradation.
abstract: Some reports have shown that the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is necessary to degrade repressor factors to produce new proteins essential to memory consolidation. Furthermore, recent evidence suggests that memory updating also relies on protein degradation through the UPS. To evaluate whether degradation of proteins is part of the cellular events needed for long-term storage of taste aversion, we injected lactacystin--an UPS inhibitor--into the amygdala and/or insular cortex 30 min before the first or second training trials. The results revealed that degradation of proteins in either the amygdala or insular cortex suffices for long-term stabilization of first-time encounter taste aversion. On the other hand, lactacystin applied in the insula, but not in the amygdala, before the second training prevented long-term storage of updated information. Our results support that degradation of proteins by means of the UPS is required every time taste aversion is to be stored in long-term memory.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-253, México DF 04510, Mexico.
authors.forename: Carlos J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Ortiz
authors.forename: Israela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Balderas
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saucedo-Alquicira
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cruz-Castañeda
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bermudez-Rattoni
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000679:Amygdala / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001245:Association Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D057567:Memory, Long-Term / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013649:Taste; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D025801:Ubiquitin; C067713:lactacystin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D000111:Acetylcysteine