title: Therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy using Na-pheophorbide a on osteomyelitis models in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, we examined the therapeutic effect of photodynamic therapy (PDT) using the photosensitizer Na-Pheophorbide a (Na-Phde a) on osteomyelitis models in rats.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Osteomyelitis is one of the most serious infectious problems in the orthopedic field. Recently, as a new clinical approach against septic arthritis, an experimental in vivo and in vitro model for the inactivation of methicillin-resistant-Staphylococcus aureus by PDT using Na-Phde a has been developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) was injected into the tibia of the rats to create osteomyelitis models (n = 10, 10 legs). A total of 560 μmol/l of Na-Phde a solution was injected into five of these tibial osteomyelitis models (five legs) 48 h after the initial MSSA infection. Sixty minutes after the Na-Phde a injection, a semiconductor laser (125 mW, 670 nm) was used to irradiate the models for 10 min with a total energy of 93.8 J/mm(2). As a control group, five rats (five legs) were treated with a phosphate buffered saline injection at 48 h after MSSA infection. Weight and leg perimeter changes were plotted. Bacterial growth, histological examination and radiological examination were evaluated at 14 days after initial treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PDT with Na-Phde a significantly prevented leg swelling. In the PDT group, bone destruction owing to osteomyelitis was inhibited not only histologically but also radiographically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results in these experiments show that PDT using Na-Phde a improved osteomyelitis in rats. This suggests that PDT using Na- Phde a can be a useful treatment for osteomyelitis.
authors.affiliation: Nihon University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Bunsei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iriuchishima
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horaguchi
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokuhashi
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aizawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D002734:Chlorophyll; C032623:pheophorbide a