title: Interaction of the attenuated recombinant rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP virus with macrophages from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
abstract: One of the most important threats to the salmonid aquaculture industry is infection caused by novirhabdoviruses such as infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) or viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). Using reverse genetics, an avirulent recombinant rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP strain was generated, which was able to replicate as effectively as wild type IHNV in a fish cell line and in macrophages. Although this recombinant virus induced protective responses against IHNV and VHSV, the response did not involve the production of antibodies or modulate the expression of some antiviral genes. To determine the immune mechanisms underlying the protection conferred by the rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP virus, different immune parameters (NO production, respiratory burst activity and the induction of apoptosis) were assessed in the macrophage population. The results obtained in the present work may indicate that the Nv protein could be important in the modulation of NO and ROS production. rIHNV-Gvhsv GFP did not appear to have a clear effect on nitric oxide production or apoptosis. However, an increased respiratory burst activity (with levels induced by the recombinant virus significantly higher than the levels induced by the wild type virus), suggests a stimulation of the macrophage population, which could be related to the protection against virulent viruses.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dios
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bremont
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Figueras
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Novoa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology; D017756:Aquaculture; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology; D031941:Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D029142:Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D029141:Novirhabdovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D012313:RNA / Q000276:immunology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000276:immunology; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; C039919:RNA, recombinant; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012313:RNA