title: Effect of gallic acid on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine induced colon carcinogenesis in Wistar rats--a chemopreventive approach.
abstract: Colon cancer risk may be influenced by phase I and II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme systems. The chemopreventive agent gallic acid (GA), a plant polyphenol, is found in various natural products. Our aim was to evaluate the potential role of GA on drug-metabolizing enzymes in 1,2-dimethyl hydrazine (DMH) induced rat colon carcinogenesis. The total experimental duration was 30 weeks. The effect of GA (50 mg/kg b.w.) on the activities of phase I enzymes (cytochrome P450 and cytochrome b5) and phase II enzymes (glutathione S-transferase, DT-diaphorase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase) were assessed in the liver and colonic mucosa and the colons were also examined visually. In DMH induced rats, there was a decrease in the activities of phase II enzymes and an increase in the activities of phase I enzymes. On GA supplementation, there was a significant increase in the activities of phase II enzymes and a significant decrease in the activities of phase I enzymes, in addition to the decreased tumor incidence. Histopathological changes also confirm this. Thus, the marked potential of GA in modulating the phase I and II xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes suggests that GA may have a major impact on colon cancer chemoprevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Karunya University, Karunya Nagar 641 114, Tamil Nadu, India. meetgiftson@gmail.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giftson Senapathy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jayanthi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viswanathan
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Umadevi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nalini
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D004798:Enzymes; D015262:Xenobiotics; D005707:Gallic Acid; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine