title: Postpartum teens' breakfast consumption is associated with snack and beverage intake and body mass index.
abstract: Addressing high-risk dietary patterns among postpartum teens may help reduce weight retention and prevent intergenerational obesity. The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between breakfast consumption and outcomes of snack and beverage intake and body mass index (BMI) among postpartum teens. During 2007-2009, 1,330 postpartum teens across 27 states participated in a cross-sectional, baseline assessment of a group-randomized, nested cohort study. Participants were enrolled in the Parents as Teachers Teen Program and completed a 7-day recall of breakfast, snack, and beverage consumption. BMI was calculated from heights and weights obtained by on-site staff. Sample descriptives were compared across breakfast consumption frequency groupings by one-way analysis of variance tests or χ² tests. General linear models assessed relationships between breakfast consumption and measures of snack and sweetened beverage intake, water consumption, and BMI-for-age percentile. Almost half (42%) of the sample consumed breakfast fewer than 2 days per week. Those who ate breakfast 6 to 7 days/week consumed 1,197 fewer kilocalories per week from sweet and salty snacks, 1,337 fewer kilocalories per week from sweetened drinks, and had a lower BMI compared to those who ate breakfast fewer than 2 days per week (P < 0.05). Consumption of fruit, vegetables, milk, water, and cereal as a snack were higher among regular breakfast consumers (P < 0.05). Although breakfast consumption among postpartum teens is low, those who regularly consume breakfast had healthier snacking behaviors and weight. Interventions are needed to encourage breakfast consumption among teen mothers.
authors.affiliation: George Warren Brown School of Social Work and School of Medicine, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA. djoshu@wustl.edu
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haire-Joshu
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Budd
authors.forename: Byron W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Yount
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lapka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001628:Beverages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D011939:Mental Recall; D049590:Postpartum Period; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic