title: [The influence of fluoride on expression of OPGL and M-CSF genes and their proteins in rats with experimental fluorosis and the therapeutic effect of Danlan Xianpeng Liaofu caspule].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate mRNA and protein expressions of OPGL and M-CSF mRNA in bones of rats with experimental fluorosis induced by intake of fluoride in the drinking water, and to study the antagonizing effects of Danlan Xianpeng Liaofu capsules on the gene expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Totally 72 SD rats were randomly assorted into 6 groups including the control group, the fluoride group, the high-dosage (0.8 g/kg×d), mid-dosage (0.4 g/kg×d) and low dosage (0.2 g/kg×d) medication groups and the borax group (borax, 0.8 g/kg×d). The distribution of female and male rats in each group was divided up on a fifty-fifty basis. Except the control group, a NaF containing water (NaF 50 mg/L in concentration) was supplied as the drinking water for all the experimental rats in order to establish experimental fluorosis. The thickness and density of trabecula and the thickness of bone cortex were measured by light microscopy. The fluoride content in urine and bone were analyzed by using fluoride ion selective electrode method. Expressions of OPGL and M-CSF mRNA and protein were studied using RT-PCR and immuno-histochemistry, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) 10/12 of the experimental fluorosis rats developed dental fluorosis, and 2/12 of dental fluorosis rats occurred in the low-dosage medication group. Fluoride content in urine and bone of the fluorosis rats increased (P<0.05). (2) Compared with that of the control rats, the bone trabecular depth, cortical thickness and trabecular density in experimental fluorosis rats were remarkably reduced. (3) Compared with that of the control group, mRNA expression of both OPGL and M-CSF was increased in the fluoride group rats. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). (4) Compared with that of the fluoride group animals, the expression intensity of OPGL mRNA decreased in animals of the control group, the high, mid- and low- dosage medication groups and the borax group. Among them, except the low-dosage group, the difference between all the other groups and the fluoride group was statistically significant, respectively (P<0.05). There was also a decrease of M-CSF mRNA in all the 3 medication groups and the borax group animals in comparing with that of the fluoride group and the difference was also statistically significant (P<0.05), respectively. (5) Compared with that of the control group. There were an increase of OPGL and a decrease of M-CSF protein expression; and in addition, there were a decrease of OPGL and an increase of M-CSF protein expression in all 3 medication groups and the borax group in comparing with that of the fluoride group anima (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excessive fluoride induces an accelerated bone turnover and may promote the absorption activity of osteoclasts by increasing the expression of OPGL and M-CSF. Danlan Xianpeng Liaofu capsule may be capable of regulating bone remodeling through a down-regulation on OPGL and M-CSF expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang 550004, China.
authors.forename: Xiu-juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yan-ni
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yu-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001881:Borates / Q000494:pharmacology; D002214:Capsules; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000506:poisoning*
chemical_list: D001881:Borates; D002214:Capsules; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C018851:borax; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides