title: Public knowledge on cancer and its determinants among Saudis in the Riyadh Region of Saudi Arabia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Earlier studies on cancer knowledge/awareness from Saudi Arabia have been few and mostly limited to knowledge of and attitude towards breast cancer. The objectives of the present cross sectional study were to determine the levels of knowledge concerning cancer and to identify associated factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was carried out among 1,407 Saudis who were either patients or their escorts, attending selected hospitals in Riyadh region and aged 15 years or more. Required information was obtained by interview using a piloted Arabic questionnaire. Associations between different variables and respondents knowledge were evaluated by Chi square test. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the potential impact of the variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study population consisted of 688 males and 719 females. Approximately two thirds of participants (67.6%) had never heard of any cancer warning signals, but 80.7% believed some cancers can be cured if detected early, 27.1% believed cancer means end of life and 74.2% believed cancer will appear overnight. The majority of the respondents (65.1%) received information about cancer from television/radio. Although 1,159 had high level knowledge (scored 50.0% and more), only 233 individuals scored 75.0% and more. Significant differences in the knowledge level across age groups, educational levels and marital status were observed. Females had higher level knowledge than males. Odds of having high level knowledge about cancer was 5.27 times higher among those who had undergone any of the tests (breast self examination, mammography, occult blood, Papanicolau smear) compared to those who had none of those tests (95% CI: 1.87-14.8). Those who had heard about any cancer warning signal were more knowledgeable (OR=1.55; 95% CI: 1.10-2.19) than those who hadn't. The other most important determinants of knowledge level included age, and attending a primary health care centre.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the knowledge of cancer is poor among the public and greater attempts should be made to increase public awareness.
authors.affiliation: BESC Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. kravichandran@kfshrc.edu.sa
authors.forename: Kandasamy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ravichandran
authors.forename: Gamal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Nasser Abdulrahman
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Al-Hamdan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms; D012529:Saudi Arabia; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires