title: Nutritional related cardiovascular risk factors in patients with coronary artery disease in Iran: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are limited findings available on coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors and nutritional pattern of CAD patients in Iran. The purpose of this study was to compare nutritional-related risk factors of CAD patients with that of matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control design, dietary patterns and CAD risk factors of 108 documented patients (determined by cardiac catheterization showing greater than 70% stenosis or established myocardial infarction) whom were admitted to coronary care units (CCU) of Ahvaz teaching hospitals were compared with that of 108 gender- and age-matched subjects of normal cardiac catheterization (lesser than 40% stenosis). Measured variables consisted of blood lipid profile, smoking habits, dietary patterns, anthropometric indices and blood pressure levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost all patients had hypertriglyceridemia and high LDL-C levels. Odds ratios (CI 95%) for consuming fish, tea, vegetable oils were 0.55(0.31-0.91), 0.3(0.15-0.65), 0.23(0.13-0.42), respectively. However, consumption of hydrogenated fats, and full-fat yoghurt was associated with higher CAD risk (OR = 2.12(1.23-3.64) and 2.35(1.32-4.18), respectively. Patients' serum lipid profiles, sugar concentrations, and blood pressure levels were significantly higher than defined cut-off points of the known risk factors. Considerable numbers of the control group also showed high levels of the known risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumption of fish, tea and vegetable oils shown to have protective effect on CAD while full fat yoghurt and hydrogenated fats increase the risk of CAD. Moreover, CAD patients obviously have higher blood lipids and sugar concentrations, blood pressure, body fat percent and BMI levels compared with their matched counterparts. We need to define specific local cut-off points with more practical criteria to detect CAD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Paramedicine, Diabetes Research Centre, Jondi-Shapour University, Ahvaz, Iran. rezaamani@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amani
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noorizadeh
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahmanian
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Afzali
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Haghighizadeh
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003325:Coronary Care Units; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000150:complications; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index