title: Insecticide residues in cotton soils of Burkina Faso and effects of insecticides on fluctuating asymmetry in honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus).
abstract: Four insecticides (acetamiprid, cypermethrin, endosulfan and profenofos) are used quarterly in the cotton-growing areas of Burkina Faso, West Africa. These insecticides were investigated in soils collected from traditionally cultivated and new cotton areas. Also, the effects of insecticide exposure on the developmental instability of honey bees, Apis mellifera, were explored. In soil samples collected three months after insecticide treatments, endosulfan and profenofos concentrations varied in the range of 10-30 μg kg(-1) in the traditionally cultivated zones and 10-80 μg kg(-1) in the new cotton zones, indicating a pollution of agricultural lands. However, only profenofos concentrations were significantly higher in the new cotton zone than the traditionally cultivated zones. In addition, the index of fluctuating asymmetry, FA1, in the length of second tarsus (L(HW)) was increased for bees when exposed to pesticide treated cotton fields for 82d, and their FA levels were significantly higher than those in the control colony in an orchard. The other studied traits of bees exposed to insecticides were not significantly different from controls. Our results indicate that FA may be considered as a biomarker reflecting the stress induced by insecticide treatments. However, the relationship between FA and stressors needs further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Interactions Microorganismes, Minéraux, Matières Organiques dans les Sols (LIMOS), UMR CNRS, 7137, Nancy Université, BP 70239, 54506 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France. norbert.ondo@limos.uhp-nancy.fr
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ondo Zue Abaga
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alibert
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dousset
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Savadogo
authors.forename: Moussa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savadogo
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sedogo
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects*; D002050:Burkina Faso; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D003368:Gossypium; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D011725:Pyridines / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D063086:Organothiophosphates; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011722:Pyrethrins; D011725:Pyridines; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C017160:cypermethrin; C464485:acetamiprid; C024273:profenofos; D004726:Endosulfan