title: Cardiovascular risk factors for incident hypertension in the prehypertensive population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of changes in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors on progression from prehypertension (PreHTN) to hypertension (HTN) using an 8-yr prospective Korean Cancer Prevention Study (KCPS) by the National Health Insurance Corporation (NHIC) in Korea.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 16,229 subjects, aged 30 to 54, with new onset preHTN at baseline (1994-1996) in a biennial national medical exam were selected and followed up till 2004 at 2-yr intervals. All subjects underwent a biennial health examination including biochemical measurements and behavior. The log-rank test was performed to assess the relationship between changes in CVD risk factors and progression to HTN. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify factors influencing progression to HTN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With regards the progression rate in men, ex-smokers (42.9%), abstainers (37.5%), and regular exercisers (37.6%) showed a slower progression rate than continuous smokers (49.5%) and continuous drinkers (50.9%). In women, those who participated in regular exercise (22.6%) had a lower rate of progression than continuous non-exercisers (36.1%). According to the results of the Cox proportional hazard model, improvements in smoking (hazard ratio [HR], 0.756), drinking (HR, 0.669), regular exercise (HR, 0.653), body mass index (HR, 0.715), and total cholesterol (HR, 0.788) played a protective role in progression to HTN in men, while in women, participating in regular exercise (HR, 0.534) was beneficial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Improvements in CVD-related behaviors diminished the progression rate of HTN. This study suggests that individuals with PreHTN should be targeted for specific health behavioral intervention to prevent the progression of HTN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Soo Jeong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jakyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sun Ha
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.forename: Chung Mo
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Kihong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Il Soo
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Soon Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee