title: Normalization of FoxP3(+) regulatory T cells in response to effective antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Regulatory T cells (Tregs) blunt uncontrolled immune responses. In advanced human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the total number of Tregs is decreased, but the proportion of T cells with a regulatory phenotype is highly variable. We studied CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) T cells from patients successfully treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (ART). The proportion of CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) cells transiently increased and then decreased from a median of 13% at baseline to 5.1% at 48 weeks, similar to values in normal subjects. These data suggest that with effective therapy, the regulatory cell numbers normalize, and that the inflammatory signals driving their production may also abate.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montes
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Dorothy E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Graviss
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seas
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gotuzzo
authors.forename: A Clinton
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015704:CD4 Antigens; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C508017:IL2RA protein, human; D053645:Interleukin-2 Receptor alpha Subunit