title: Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) levels in peri-implant crevicular fluid.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) is one of the key cytokines in the induction of osteoclastogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Several reports indicated the presence of sRANKL in gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontal diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the presence of RANKL in peri-implant crevicular fluid samples of implants with peri-implantitis, peri-implant mucositis and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 40 implants were categorized as clinically healthy, peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis according to the clinical and radiographic findings. Filter paper strips were used to collect peri-implant crevicular fluid for 30 seconds in the base of the crevice/pocket. Peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) samples were obtained from buccal and lingual aspects of implants. Plaque index, probing depth, gingival index and bleeding on probing were recorded at six sites per implant. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the PICF levels of sRANKL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in sRANKL concentration between healthy group, peri-implant mucositis and periimplantitis (p=0.12). There were also no statistical correlation between the concentration of sRANKL and probing pocket depth (R=0.051, p=0.65), or any of the other clinical regarding (p>0.05). No differences between the mean sRANKL concentration in the buccal and lingual sites were found (p=0.693).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results may suggest that peri-implant crevicular fluid analysis of sRANKL in conjunction with some other osteoclastogenic mediators could be further investigated in further well-designed prospective longitudinal studies on a larger-scale sample size in the evaluation of dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, Dental school, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. fatima_sarlati@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sarlati
authors.forename: Mandana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sattari
authors.forename: Ali Ghorbani
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Gazar
authors.forename: Ali Nabavizadeh
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Rafsenjani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015921:Dental Implants; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D057873:Peri-Implantitis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000503:physiopathology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D053245:RANK Ligand