title: Noninvasive assessment of breast cancer risk using time-resolved diffuse optical spectroscopy.
abstract: Breast density is a recognized strong and independent risk factor for breast cancer. We propose the use of time-resolved transmittance spectroscopy to estimate breast tissue density and potentially provide even more direct information on breast cancer risk. Time-resolved optical mammography at seven wavelengths (635 to 1060 nm) is performed on 49 subjects. Average information on breast tissue of each subject is obtained on oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin, water, lipids, and collagen content, as well as scattering amplitude and power. All parameters, except for blood volume and oxygenation, correlate with mammographic breast density, even if not to the same extent. A synthetic optical index proves to be quite effective in separating different breast density categories. Finally, the estimate of collagen content as a more direct means for the assessment of breast cancer risk is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisica, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy. paola.taroni@fisi.polimi.it
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taroni
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pifferi
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Quarto
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spinelli
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torricelli
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abbate
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Balestreri
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Menna
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cassano
authors.forename: Rinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cubeddu
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003720:Densitometry / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D055096:Optical Devices; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*