title: [Introduction to adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interaction].
abstract: Adverse drug reactions are very common during a systemic drug therapy. Most of these are fortunately mild or moderate and transient. Serious adverse drug reactions often lead to hospitalisation. Drug-drug interactions can also contribute substantially to differences in drug response. Drug-induced inhibition of drug metabolising enzymes is usually competitive and causes an increased exposure of the drug whose metabolism is inhibited. This usually results in a higher incidence of adverse drug reactions and an increased severity. Conversely enzyme induction increases the metabolic capacity thereby reducing the exposure of a drug with sometimes loss of drug effects (nonresponse). Detailed knowledge of the causative mechanisms will help detecting and avoiding severe adverse drug reactions.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Klinische Pharmakologie und Pharmakoepidemiologie, Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg. gerd.mikus@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mikus
mesh_terms: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions / Q000145:classification; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010599:Pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors