title: School, police, and medical authority involvement with children who have experienced victimization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To obtain national estimates of the degree to which school, police, and medical authorities are involved after children experience violence, abuse, and crime victimizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional, national telephone survey involving a target sample of 4549 children and youth conducted from January 1, 2008, through May 31, 2008.
  
  
  METHODS
  Contiguous United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children and adolescents aged 10 to 17 years and the parents of children aged 0 to 9 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conventional crime, maltreatment, abuse by peer and siblings, sexual abuse, and witnessing and indirect exposure to violence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 45.7% of children and adolescents who had experienced violence in the past year had at least 1 of their victimization incidents known to school, police, or medical authorities. For serious victimizations, such as sexual abuse by an adult, kidnapping, and gang assaults, authorities knew about 70.1% or more of the incidents. Awareness, however, was low for peer and sibling victimizations, dating violence, and completed and attempted rape. In general, school authorities knew about victimizations more often (42.3%) than police (12.7%) or medical authorities (1.8%). However, police were the most likely to know about kidnapping, neglect, and sexual abuse by any adult. Medical authorities were most likely to know about sexual abuse by any adult, gang assault, physical abuse by a caretaker, and assault with a weapon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More incidents of victimization and abuse appear to be known to authorities currently than was the case in a comparable 1992 survey, but officials should improve at identifying a large quantity of victimizations of children and adolescents that appear to go undetected.
authors.affiliation: Crimes Against Children Research Center, Department of Sociology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA. david.finkelhor@unh.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Finkelhor
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ormrod
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamby
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016495:Police / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012572:School Health Services; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data