title: Complex genetic, photothermal, and photoacoustic analysis of nanoparticle-plant interactions.
abstract: Understanding the nature of interactions between engineered nanomaterials and plants is crucial in comprehending the impact of nanotechnology on the environment and agriculture with a focus on toxicity concerns, plant disease treatment, and genetic engineering. To date, little progress has been made in studying nanoparticle-plant interactions at single nanoparticle and genetic levels. Here, we introduce an advanced platform integrating genetic, Raman, photothermal, and photoacoustic methods. Using this approach, we discovered that multiwall carbon nanotubes induce previously unknown changes in gene expression in tomato leaves and roots, particularly, up-regulation of the stress-related genes, including those induced by pathogens and the water-channel LeAqp2 gene. A nano-bubble amplified photothermal/photoacoustic imaging, spectroscopy, and burning technique demonstrated the detection of multiwall carbon nanotubes in roots, leaves, and fruits down to the single nanoparticle and cell level. Thus, our integrated platform allows the study of nanoparticles' impact on plants with higher sensitivity and specificity, compared to existing assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Science, University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR 72204, USA. mvkhodakovsk@ualr.edu
authors.forename: Mariya V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Khodakovskaya
authors.forename: Kanishka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: de Silva
authors.forename: Dmitry A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nedosekin
authors.forename: Enkeleda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dervishi
authors.forename: Alexandru S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Biris
authors.forename: Evgeny V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Shashkov
authors.forename: Ekaterina I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Galanzha
authors.forename: Vladimir P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Zharov
mesh_terms: D051399:Aquaporin 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects*; D047569:Laser Scanning Cytometry; D007834:Lasers; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000378:metabolism*; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D051399:Aquaporin 2; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon