title: Appropriate therapy for fistulizing and fibrostenotic Crohn's disease: Results of a multidisciplinary expert panel - EPACT II.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many therapeutic decisions in the management of fistulizing and fibrostenotic Crohn's disease (CD) have to be taken without the benefit of strong scientific evidence. For this reason, explicit appropriateness criteria for CD fistula and stenosis treatment were developed by a multidisciplinary European expert panel in 2004 with the aim of making them easily available on the Internet and thus allowing individual case scenario evaluation; these criteria were updated in 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve international experts convened in Geneva, Switzerland in December 2007. Explicit clinical scenarios, corresponding to real daily practice, were rated on a 9-point scale based on evidence from the published literature and panelists' own expertise. Median ratings were stratified into three categories: appropriate (7-9), uncertain (4-6) and inappropriate (1-3).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, panelists rated 60 indications pertaining to fistulas. Antibiotics, azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine and conservative surgery are the mainstay of therapy for simple and complex fistulas. In the event of previous failure of azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine therapy, methotrexate and infliximab were considered appropriate for complex fistulas. The panel also rated 72 indications related to the management of fibrostenotic CD. The experts considered balloon dilation, if the stricture was endoscopically accessible, stricturoplasty and bowel resection to be appropriate for small bowel fibrostenotic Crohn's disease, and balloon dilation and bowel resection appropriate for fibrostenotic colonic disease. In the presence of an ileocolonic or ileorectal anastomotic stricture of <7 cm, endoscopic balloon dilation, and bowel resection were considered appropriate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antibiotics, azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine, and conservative surgery are the mainstay of therapy for fistulizing Crohn's disease. Infliximab is a therapeutic option in patients without prior response to immunosuppressant therapy. In fibrostenotic Crohn's disease, endoscopic balloon dilation, if feasible, or surgical therapy should be considered. These expert recommendations are available online (www.epact.ch). Prospective evaluation is now needed to test the validity of these appropriateness criteria in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Felley
authors.forename: John-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vader
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Juillerat
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pittet
authors.forename: Colm
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Morain
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Panis
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vucelic
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gonvers
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mottet
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Froehlich
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Michetti