title: Biosorption of tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride on activated sludge: kinetic, thermodynamic and reaction mechanisms.
abstract: The biosorption of tetradecyl benzyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (C(14)BDMA) onto activated sludge was examined in aqueous solution with respect to the contact time, temperature and particle size. Equilibrium reached in about 2h contact time. An decrease in the temperature increases of biosorption capacity of C(14)BDMA onto activated sludge, which also increases with decreasing particle size. The experimental data fit the pseudo-second-order kinetics model well. The Langmuir and Freundlich models were applied to describe equilibrium isotherms, and the equilibrium partitioning data was described well by both models. Thermodynamic data showed that C(14)BDMA biosorption onto activated sludge was feasible, spontaneous and exothermic. The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrophotometry results show that both physisorption and chemisorption were involved. The measured zeta potential values and the enhanced cation concentration indicate the presence of electrostatic interactions, hydrophobic interactions and ion exchange.
authors.affiliation: College of Environmental Science and Engineering/Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Pollution Control/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, Nankai University, Wei Jin Road 94, Tianjin 300071, China.
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Kexun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dongfang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D012722:Sewage; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods; D055672:Static Electricity; D013696:Temperature; D013816:Thermodynamics; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018508:Water Purification
chemical_list: D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D007477:Ions; D008670:Metals; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C005883:zephiramine