title: High-rate partial nitrification treatment of reject water as a pretreatment for anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox).
abstract: In this study, a lab-scale swim-bed partial nitrification reactor was developed to treat ammonium-rich reject water to achieve an appropriate NO(2)(-)-N/NH(4)(+)-N mixture that could serve as a pretreatment for anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox). Strictly controlling the DO concentration was adopted as the main operational strategy. In addition, the influent concentrations of inorganic carbon/ammonium (IC/NH(4)(+)) and alkalinity/ammonium (Alk/NH(4)(+)) that were approximately 0.8 and 4.8, respectively, were regarded as the suitable ratios for the steady and high-rate operation of the reactor in this study. When reject water that was not diluted was introduced to this system, the maximum nitrogen loading rate was 5.9 kg-N/m(3)/day, the ammonium conversion rate was 3.1 kg-N/m(3)/day, and the effluent NO(2)-N/(NO(2)-N+NO(3)-N) percentage ratio was over 99.9%. Furthermore, DNA analysis confirmed the existence of AOB, which was responsible for the stable performance that was achieved in the PN reactor.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan. zhangli19821115@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiachun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hira
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D019149:Bioreactors; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000737:chemistry; D012722:Sewage; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D002244:Carbon; D004247:DNA; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen