title: The impact of the Flynn effect on LD diagnoses in special education.
abstract: Because of the Flynn effect, IQ scores rise as a test norm ages but drop on the introduction of a newly revised test norm. The purpose of the current study was to determine the impact of the Flynn effect on learning disability (LD) diagnoses, the most prevalent special education diagnosis in the United States. Using a longitudinal sample of 875 school children who were initially diagnosed with LD on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R), children experienced a significant decline in IQ when retested on the third edition of the WISC (WISC-III) compared to peers who were tested on the WISC-R twice. Furthermore, results from logistic regression analyses revealed that the probability of a rediagnosis of LD on reevaluation significantly decreased, in part, because of this decline on the WISC-III. These results are discussed in terms of their implications for both basic research and educational policy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Claremont McKenna College, Claremont, CA 91711, USA. tkanaya@cmc.edu
authors.forename: Tomoe
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanaya
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ceci
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D002648:Child; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004519:Education, Special; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012922:Social Change; D014888:Wechsler Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data