title: Risperidone-induced weight gain in referred children with autism spectrum disorders is associated with a common polymorphism in the 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor gene.
abstract: Weight gain is an important adverse effect of risperidone, but predictors of significant weight gain have yet to be identified in pediatric patients. Here, we investigated differences between age- and gender-normed body mass index-standardized z scores at baseline and after 8 weeks of open-label, flexible-dose risperidone treatment (mean dose: 1.70  mg/day) in 32 youths with pervasive developmental disorder (mean age = 8.74, range = 5-16 years) in relation to -759C/T 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptor (HTR2C) promoter and rs1414334 HTR2C intragenic C/G alleles, along with gender, age, and risperidone dose, using repeated measures analyses of variance. Carriers of the HTR2C promoter T allele gained an average of 0.043 ± 0.017 body mass index-standardized z scores (1.84 ± 1.51  kg) versus 0.64 ± 0.35 z (3.23 ± 1.47  kg) for non-T-allele carriers (p < 0.001). Presence of the rs1414334 C allele played no significant role. Further, weight gain appeared to be associated with younger age and higher doses of risperidone. The current preliminary findings suggest that the variant T allele of the -759C/T HTR2C promoter polymorphism is protective against risperidone-induced weight gain. Younger children and those treated with higher doses of risperidone may be at higher risk for weight gain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. p.hoekstra@accare.nl
authors.forename: Pieter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: Pieter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Troost
authors.forename: Bertine E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Lahuis
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Erik J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Jan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Buitelaar
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scahill
authors.forename: Ruud B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Minderaa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002659:Child Development Disorders, Pervasive / Q000188:drug therapy; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D044405:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D018967:Risperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012737:Sex Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D044405:Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT2C; D018967:Risperidone