title: [Incidence and clinical factors related with nosocomial infection in children with heart surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk of nosocomial infection in pediatric patients undergoing heart surgery is high and proportional to the days of stay, mainly in intensive care units. Our objective was to determine the incidence and associated factors to nosocomial infections after a heart surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, retrospective clinical study with 64 pediatric patients underwent to a heart surgery. The χ(2) with Yates fix for nonparametric data test, relative risk, as well as incidence rate were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nosocomial infection prevalence rate was 52; a fatality in infected 21.2, rate not infected of 16.1; the type of nosocomial infection with the highest rate of 65.6 was pneumonia, and the microorganism most common (rate 12.5) was the Candida. The largest number of infection events were 24 with a 37.5 rate. The most significant variables for infection were heart surgery, parenteral nutrition, nasogastric intubation and tracheotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pediatric patients underwent to a heart surgery presented nosocomial infection in the half of the cases and the fatality rate was higher than the rate reported in literature.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Médica de Alta Especialidad, Hospital de Gineco-pediatría 48, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, León, Guanajuato, Mexico. fidencia.duarte@imss.gob.mx
authors.forename: Fidencia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duarte-Raya
authors.forename: Laura Ernestina
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Moreno-Ibarra
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Anda-Gómez
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Medina-Morán
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors