title: Rare sugar D-psicose improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance in type 2 diabetes Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats.
abstract: A rare sugar, D-psicose has progressively been evaluated as a unique metabolic regulator of glucose and lipid metabolism, and thus represents a promising compound for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The present study was undertaken to examine the underlying effector organs of D-psicose in lowering blood glucose and abdominal fat by exploiting a T2DM rat model, Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats. Rats were fed 5% D-psicose or 5% D-glucose supplemented in drinking water, and only water in the control for 13 weeks and the protective effects were compared. A non-diabetic Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO), fed with water served as a counter control of OLETF. After 13 weeks feeding, D-psicose treatment significantly reduced the increase in body weight and abdominal fat mass. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) showed the reduced blood glucose and insulin levels suggesting the improvement of insulin resistance in OLETF rats. Oil-red-O staining elucidated that D-psicose significantly reduced lipid accumulation in the liver. Immunohistochemical analysis showed D-psicose induced glucokinase translocation from nucleus to cytoplasm of the liver which enhances glucokinase activity and subsequent synthesis of glycogen in the liver. D-psicose also protected the pathological change of the β-cells of pancreatic islets. These data demonstrate that D-psicose controls blood glucose levels by reducing lipotoxicity in liver and by preserving pancreatic β-cell function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kita, Kagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitagaki
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Funamoto
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsunaga
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Kazuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamitori
authors.forename: Youyi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murao
authors.forename: Yukiyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokuda
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000201:enzymology; D019610:Cytoprotection; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005632:Fructose / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005941:Glucokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D020334:Rats, Inbred OLETF
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; C003243:psicose; D005632:Fructose; D005941:Glucokinase