title: [Effects of ginkgolide B against damage of cultured hippocampal neurons caused by glutamate].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate protective effects of ginkgolide B (GB) in different administration modes on glutamate-induced neuronal damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Essential GB were obtained by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction. Glutamate excitotoxicity were examined in primary cultures from neonatal Wistar rat, by using of Trypan blue dye staining, testing the lactate dehydrogenase leakage from cultured neurons and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) method. The protective effects of GB in different administration modes (pre-treatment and post-treatment) were adopted and compared with the NMDA receptor uncompetitive antagonist-MK-801 in acute-treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with GB in two administration modes both could increase ratio of surviving neuron, decrease LDH efflux and reduce ratio of neuron apoptosis in different degree, depended on dose in certain range. The protective effect of pre-treatment was superior to post-treatment, but inferior to MK-801.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GB can protect neurons against glutamate damage, and preventive using has more efficiency. The potential mechanism of its neural protection may be not only related to PAF receptor. If the predominant protection effect of GB in pretreatment is considered, precautionary intervention to high-risk population could have more value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China.
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Chang-kai
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ai-shi
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Xiao-tong
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D046934:Ginkgolides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007783:Lactones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D046934:Ginkgolides; D007783:Lactones; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; C045856:ginkgolide B