title: Proton inactivation of melanoma cells enhanced by fotemustine.
abstract: Response of human HTB140 melanoma cells to proton irradiation in combination with fotemustine (FM) was investigated. Effects of these agents were analysed on cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Cells pretreated with 100- or 250-µM of FM were irradiated in the middle of the therapeutic 62-MeV proton spread-out Bragg peak, with a dose of 16 Gy. All treatments reduced proliferation and survival of melanoma cells. The most pronounced effects of the combined treatment were obtained for cell survivals. The level of apoptosis increased after all applied treatments. Particularly good pro-apoptotic effect was achieved when proton irradiation was combined with 250 μM of FM. This was followed by the increased expression of p53 gene. The obtained results have shown that combined application of FM and protons significantly reduced growth of this resistant melanoma cell line.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Endocrinology, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, PO Box 522, Belgrade 11001, Serbia. aristic@vinca.rs
authors.forename: Aleksandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ristić-Fira
authors.forename: Lela
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Korićanac
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Žakula
authors.forename: Otilija
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Keta
authors.forename: Gioacchin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iannolo
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cuttone
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petrović
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D061766:Proton Therapy; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009607:Nitrosourea Compounds; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; C054368:fotemustine