title: Anomalous origin of the occipital artery diagnosed by magnetic resonance angiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is well known that the occipital artery (OA) can arise from the internal carotid artery (ICA) or vertebral artery (VA). However, the incidence of an anomalously originating OA has not been reported. We investigate its incidence and characteristic features on magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed MRA images of 2,866 patients that included the carotid bifurcation; images were obtained using a standard noncontrast MRA protocol and two 1.5-T MR units.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We diagnosed six cases (seven arteries) of anomalously originating OA, which represented an incidence of 0.21%. The OA arose from the ICA in four patients (five arteries), from the carotid bifurcation in one, and from the VA in one. Five of the seven arteries occurred on the right.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anomalously originating OA is rare and occurs with right-side predominance. Correct diagnosis is necessary before or during cerebral angiography, especially when selective catheterization to the OA is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, 1397-1 Yamane, Hidaka, Saitama 350-1298, Japan. auchino@saitama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uchino
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Waka
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mizukoshi
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000098:blood supply*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*