title: Postural alterations and pulmonary function of mouth-breathing children.
abstract: Mouth-breathing children have changes in their stomatognathic system, which result in head projection, stress increase in the scapular belt muscles and postural adaptations. Although thoracic shape and posture can influence ventilatory dynamics, we didn't find studies addressing pulmonary function of mouth-breathing children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  this study aimed at analyzing the posture of mouth-breathing children, and studying the existence of correlations between posture and pulmonary volumes.
  
  
  METHODS
  prospective, observational and cross-sectional study, where the posture and pulmonary function of 17 mouth-breathing children and of 17 nasal-breathing children were evaluated by means of photogrammetry and forced spirometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  when compared to nasal-breathing, mouth-breathing subjects presented an increment in head projection and cervical lordosis, forwarded gravity center and reduced pulmonary volumes. There was an association between head projection and forced vital capacity, and between postural alterations and age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  mouth-breathing children have postural alterations which increases with age and also reduced spirometry values. The vital capacity reduction correlates negatively with head projection.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Waleska da
authors.initials: Wd
authors.lastname: Silveira
authors.forename: Fernanda Carvalho de Queiroz
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Mello
authors.forename: Fernando Silva
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.forename: Sara Lucia Siveira de
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Menezes
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008141:Lordosis / Q000209:etiology; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009058:Mouth Breathing / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D013147:Spirometry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology