title: Effects of chronic exposure to nonylphenol on locomotor activity and social behavior in zebrafish (Danio rerio).
abstract: Nonylphenol (NP), a xenoestrogen ubiquitously found in aquatic ecosystems, is of high environmental concern. The present work assessed the effects of exposure to NP on locomotor activity and social behavior in male and female zebrafish (Danio rerio), to evaluate the possible hazard of NP to fish behavior and to pursue a potential biomarker of NP contamination. Fish were randomly divided into six groups. Five groups were receiving 0.1, 1, 10, 50 and 100 microg/L nominal concentrations of NP for 60 days, respectively. A sixth control group was given the same treatment as the other five groups, but no NP. Locomotor activity, aggressive behavior, group preference and leaving shoal were examined. NP exposure showed marked influence on locomotor activity of the male zebrafish, whereas that of the female was not significantly affected by NP. Aggressive behavior and group preference were significantly affected by NP exposure in both male and female groups. Locomotor activity and aggressive behavior of the male and group preference of both male and female zebrafish were clearly inhibited at 100 microg/L NP. No significant alteration in leaving shoal was observed under NP exposure. The results suggested that changes in locomotor activity and aggressive behavior of the male and group preference of both male and female may be used as an ecologically relevant integrative biomarker of NP contamination.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, 100875 Beijing, China. brotherji@163.com
authors.forename: Jigang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Cuijuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Xuejiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D012919:Social Behavior; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*; D015027:Zebrafish
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C025256:nonylphenol