title: Protective effect of lactofermented beetroot juice against aberrant crypt foci formation and genotoxicity of fecal water in rats.
abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of beetroot juice fermented by Lactobacillus brevis 0944 and Lactobacillus paracasei 0920 (FBJ) on carcinogen induction of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rat colon. N-Nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU) was used as carcinogen, which was administrated intragastrically at a dose of 50 mg/kg on the 23rd and 26th day of the experiment. Additionally, we investigated the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of fecal water from experimental animals in the Caco 2 cell line, evaluated by MTT/NRU tests and the comet assay, respectively, as well as by the count of bacteria adhered to colon epithelium assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization and DAPI staining. The experimental rats were divided into four groups based on diet type: basal diet, basal diet supplemented with FBJ, basal diet and MNU treatment, and basal diet supplemented with FBJ and MNU treatment. FBJ significantly reduced the number of ACF in MNU-treated rats (from 55±18 to 21±6). Moreover, the number of extensive aberrations (more than 4 crypts in a focus) decreased from 45±21 to 7±4. Fecal water obtained from rats fed with an MNU-containing diet induced pronounced cytotoxic and genotoxic effects in Caco 2 cells, but FBJ supplementation of the diet abolished these effects. The presence of FBJ in the diet significantly increased the count of bacteria, including Lactobacillus/Enterococcus, adhered to colonic epithelium. In conclusion, supplementation of the diet with lactofermented beetroot juice may provide protection against precancerous aberrant crypt formation and reduce the cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of fecal water.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Fermentation Technology and Microbiology, Technical University of Lodz, Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Wolczanska 171/173, 90-924 Lodz, Poland. klewicka@p.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Elżbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klewicka
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Zenon
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zduńczyk
authors.forename: Bożena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cukrowska
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Błasiak
mesh_terms: D058739:Aberrant Crypt Foci / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D027461:Beta vulgaris; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020552:Comet Assay; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007778:Lactobacillus; D008297:Male; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts; D018517:Plant Roots; D019936:Probiotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D008770:Methylnitrosourea