title: Inhibition of proinflammatory macrophage responses and lymphocyte proliferation in vitro by ethyl acetate leaf extract from Daphne gnidium.
abstract: Medicinal plants are considered immunomodulatory as they display various biological activities. There is no report addressing the anti-inflammatory effects of Daphne gnidium. In this study, we investigated the effects of D. gnidium ethyl acetate (EA) leaf extract on mice immune cell function in vitro. Production of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2-derived prostaglandinE2 (PGE2) and iNOS-II-synthesised nitric oxide (NO) were examined. EA extract effect on mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was also investigated. We reported for the first time that D. gnidium EA leaf extract dose-dependently inhibits macrophage proinflammatory function by reducing LPS-induced production of IL-1β, TNF-α, COX-2-derived PGE2 and iNOS-II-synthesised NO. Mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation was also dose-dependently inhibited by the extract. Lectin-induced response appears to be more sensitive to the suppressive effects of the extract than LPS-stimulated response. Collectively, these results demonstrate that D. gnidium EA leaf extract acts as an in vitro anti-inflammatory factor by inhibiting mice macrophage and lymphocyte activities.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Avenue Avicenne, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia. hhdocteur33@live.fr
authors.forename: Hedi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harizi
authors.forename: Fadwa
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chaabane
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ghedira
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chekir-Ghedira
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry; D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D032364:Daphne / Q000737:chemistry*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D005419:Flavonoids; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C007650:ethyl acetate; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C077623:Ptgs2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D015232:Dinoprostone