title: Tissue hOGG1 genotype predicts bladder cancer prognosis: a novel approach using a peptide nucleic acid clamping method.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tissue genotyping is a more useful approach than using blood genomic DNA, because the tumor tissues can reflect the effects of somatic mutations in cancer. We investigated the value of the human oxoguanine glycosylase (hOGG1) genotype determined in tumor tissues as a prognostic indicator for bladder cancer (BC) using a novel technological approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 335 DNA samples from patients with primary BC were analyzed by peptide nucleic acid (PNA)-mediated real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) clamping to characterize the association between genetic polymorphisms within hOGG1 codon 326 and the clinicopathological characteristics of primary BC patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor stage and number were significantly associated with the hOGG1 codon 326 genotype in nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. Compared with Cys326Ser and Ser326Ser, the Cys326Cys genotype had a greater progression-free survival benefit in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses indicated that the hOGG1 Cys326Cys genotype has a protective effect against progression in MIBC (hazard ratio, 0.360 and 0.314, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hOGG1 tissue genotype is associated with aggressive clinicopathological features in NMIBC and with progression in patients with MIBC. Results suggest that the hOGG1 tissue genotype represents a promising marker for assessing BC prognosis in the clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yun-Sok
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Chunri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Isaac Yi
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok-Joong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Sung-Kwon
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Wun-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019042:Muscle Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D020135:Peptide Nucleic Acids; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D020135:Peptide Nucleic Acids; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human