title: Transcriptional regulation of bone formation.
abstract: Bone formation in vertebrates depends on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts, which are derived from a mesenchymal precursor cells and are required for skeletal development. This process relies on many transcription factor genes that have functions in bone cell proliferation and differentiation. Over the years, various transcription factors that play essential roles for skeletal formation have been identified in in vivo and/or in vitro molecular and genetic studies. In regulation of bone formation, signaling pathways with these factors have also been established. Major transcription factors including Sox9, Runx2, and Osterix, which are active in chondrocytes or osteoblasts or even in both cells, are indispensable for chondrocyte and/or osteoblast differentiation. Here, the transcriptional regulation of these genes for bone formation will be reviewed on the basis of in vivo mouse models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Cell and Matrix Research Institute, BK21 Medical Education Program for Human Resources, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 700-422, Korea.
authors.forename: Wook-Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D051701:Activating Transcription Factor 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C081452:Atf4 protein, mouse; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; C493716:Runx2 protein, mouse; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; C479466:Sp7 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051701:Activating Transcription Factor 4