title: Magnetic resonance imaging for the detection, localisation, and characterisation of prostate cancer: recommendations from a European consensus meeting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) may have a role in detecting clinically significant prostate cancer in men with raised serum prostate-specific antigen levels. Variations in technique and the interpretation of images have contributed to inconsistency in its reported performance characteristics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to make recommendations on a standardised method for the conduct, interpretation, and reporting of prostate mpMRI for prostate cancer detection and localisation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consensus meeting of 16 European prostate cancer experts was held that followed the UCLA-RAND Appropriateness Method and facilitated by an independent chair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before the meeting, 520 items were scored for "appropriateness" by panel members, discussed face to face, and rescored.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Agreement was reached in 67% of 260 items related to imaging sequence parameters. T2-weighted, dynamic contrast-enhanced, and diffusion-weighted MRI were the key sequences incorporated into the minimum requirements. Consensus was also reached on 54% of 260 items related to image interpretation and reporting, including features of malignancy on individual sequences. A 5-point scale was agreed on for communicating the probability of malignancy, with a minimum of 16 prostatic regions of interest, to include a pictorial representation of suspicious foci. Limitations relate to consensus methodology. Dominant personalities are known to affect the opinions of the group and were countered by a neutral chairperson.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consensus was reached on a number of areas related to the conduct, interpretation, and reporting of mpMRI for the detection, localisation, and characterisation of prostate cancer. Before optimal dissemination of this technology, these outcomes will require formal validation in prospective trials.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, London, UK. ldickinson@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.forename: Hashim U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Jelle O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Barentsz
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Jurgen J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Futterer
authors.forename: Stijn W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Heijmink
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hoskin
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kirkham
authors.forename: Anwar R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Padhani
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Persad
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puech
authors.forename: Shonit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Punwani
authors.forename: Aslam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Sohaib
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tombal
authors.forename: Arnauld
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villers
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Meulen
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emberton
mesh_terms: D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000592:standards*; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000592:standards*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014572:Urology / Q000592:standards*