title: Gross calcification on distal end of ureteral stent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The commonest indications for ureteral stent placement are: obstructive nephrolithiasis, renoureteral surgery, urologic oncology, endourology and extrinsic ureteral compression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 77-year-old male patient with a DJ ureteral catheter placed for an 8-month period and history of nephrolithiasis; the stent showed a 60 mm x 30 mm calcification on its distal end.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Open cystolithotomy and removal of stent resolved the clinic symptomatology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A prolonged indwell time of stents, as well as a history of nephrolithiasis and urinary infections may on many occasions result in calcification and encrustation of ureteral stents, and will lead to the use of endourology techniques, extracorporeal lithotripsy or open surgery to resolve these conditions.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, University Hospital San Cecilio, Granada, Spain. arrabalp@ono.com
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arrabal Polo
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nogueras Ocaña
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arrabal Martín
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merino Salas
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Miján Ortiz
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuluaga Gómez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology