title: Bioproduction and anticancer activity of biosurfactant produced by the dematiaceous fungus Exophiala dermatitidis SK80.
abstract: A new biosurfactant producer was isolated from palm-oilcontaminated soil and later identified through morphology and DNA sequencing as the yeast-like fungus Exophiala dermatitidis. Biosurfactant production was catalyzed by vegetable oil, supplemented with a basal medium. The culture conditions that provided the biosurfactant with the highest surface activity were found to be 5% palm oil with 0.08% NH4NO3, at a pH of 5.3, with shaking at 200 rpm, and a temperature of 30 degrees C for a 14-day period of incubation. The biosurfactant was purified, in accordance with surfactant properties, by solvent fractionation using silica gel column chromatography. The chemical structure of the strongest surface-active compound was elucidated through the use of NMR and mass spectroscopy, and noted to be monoolein, which then went on to demonstrate antiproliferative activity against cervical cancer (HeLa) and leukemia (U937) cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, no cytotoxicity was observed with normal cells even when high concentrations were used. Cell and DNA morphological changes, in both cancer cell lines, were observed to be cell shrinkage, membrane blebbling, and DNA fragmentation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Macromoleculaire CNRS-Nancy University, ENSIC, 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451, F-54001 Nancycedex, France.
authors.forename: Paramaporn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chiewpattanakul
authors.forename: Sirinet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phonnok
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marie
authors.forename: Benjamas Wongsatayanon
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Thanomsub
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D005093:Exophiala / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism; D058428:Silica Gel; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D010938:Plant Oils; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D058428:Silica Gel