title: [Prevalence of ESBL-positive enterobacteriaceae in large moravian hospitals (Czech Republic)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  bacterial infections have become an important issue in current medicine. Recently, their frequency and severity have significantly increased as a result of the rising number of resistant bacteria. One of important mechanisms of resistance is production of broad-spectrum beta-lactamases, namely the ESBL type. The study aimed at determining the frequency of ESBL-positive Enterobacteriaceae in three large hospitals in Moravia, the eastern part of the Czech Republic.
  
  
  METHODS
  enterobacteriaceae were isolated from clinical material obtained from patients hospitalized in the University Hospital Olomouc, Teaching Hospital Ostrava and Bata Regional Hospital Zlín throughout 2009. Standard microbiology techniques were used for identification. The production of ESBLs was determined by the modified Double-Disk Synergy Test. ESBL-positive isolates of Escherichia coli from ICU patients were subjected to basic genetic analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  during the study period, a total of 12,922 strains from the Enterobacteriaceae family were detected. The ESBL phenotype was found in 907 cases, i.e. 7 % of all isolates. The most prevalent species of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae were Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Escherichia coli. A comparison of general wards and ICUs revealed a higher percentage of ESBL-positive strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae and a lower proportion of ESBL-positive Escherichia coli isolates in intensive care patients. When assessing the patients' clinical material, ESBL-producing strains were most frequently detected in urine. Genetic analysis of ESBL-positive Escherichia coli strains from ICU patients revealed the CTX-M type of ESBL production in most isolates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacký University in Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic. kolar@fnol.cz
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kolář
authors.forename: Magdaléna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chromá
authors.forename: Kristýna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hricová
authors.forename: Vendula
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Husičková
authors.forename: Yvona
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lovečková
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chmelařová
authors.forename: Nataša
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bartoníková
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rybníkářová
mesh_terms: D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018153:Czech Republic / Q000453:epidemiology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D001618:beta-Lactamases