title: Arcobacter molluscorum sp. nov., a new species isolated from shellfish.
abstract: Nineteen bacteria isolates recovered from shellfish samples (mussels and oysters) showed a new and specific 16S rDNA-RFLP pattern with an Arcobacter identification method designed to recognize all species described up to 2008. These results suggested that they could belong to a new species. ERIC-PCR revealed that the 19 isolates belonged to 3 different strains. The sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of a representative strain (F98-3(T)) showed 97.6% similarity with the closest species Arcobacter marinus followed by Arcobacter halophilus (95.6%) and Arcobacter mytili (94.7%). The phylogenetic analysis with the16S rRNA, rpoB, gyrB and hsp60 genes placed the shellfish strains within the same cluster as the three species mentioned (also isolated from saline habitats) but they formed an independent phylogenetic line. The DDH results between strain F98-3(T) and A. marinus (54.8%±1.05), confirmed that it represents a new species. Several biochemical tests differentiated the shellfish isolates from all other Arcobacter species. Although the new species was different from A. mytili, they shared not only the same habitat (mussels) but also the characteristic of being so far the only Arcobacter species that are simultaneously negative for urea and indoxyl acetate hydrolysis. All results supported the classification of the shellfish strains as a new species, for which the name Arcobacter molluscorum sp. nov. with the type strain F98-3(T) is proposed (=CECT 7696(T)=LMG 25693(T)).
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Microbiologia, Departament de Ciències Mediques Bàsiques, Facultat de Medicina i Ciències de la Salut, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Spain. mariajose.figueras@urv.cat
authors.forename: Maria José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Figueras
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Collado
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levican
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Maria Josep
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Solsona
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yustes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D020640:Arcobacter / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000382:microbiology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002438:Cefoperazone / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010125:Ostreidae / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D014510:Urease / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002438:Cefoperazone; D002374:Catalase; D014510:Urease