title: Cognitive hostility and suicide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a specific component of hostility (i.e. cognitive or behavioural) may predict suicide in a prospective design, controlling for depressive mood.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1993, 14,752 members of the 'GAZ et ELectricité' (GAZEL) cohort (10,819 men, mean age=49.0 years; 3933 women, mean age=46.2 years) completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale and at least one subscale (i.e. cognitive or behavioural hostility) of the Buss and Durkee Hostility Inventory. Dates and causes of death were obtained annually.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During a mean follow-up of 15.7 years, 28 participants completed suicide (24 men, four women). Suicide was predicted by depressive mood [relative index of inequality (RII) (95% CI)=8.16 (1.97-33.85)] and cognitive hostility [RII (95% CI)=10.76 (2.50-46.42)], but not behavioural hostility [RII (95% CI)=1.37 (0.38-4.97)]. These associations remained significant after adjustment for potential confounders. After mutual adjustment, however, suicide remained significantly associated with cognitive hostility [RII (95% CI)=8.87 (1.52-51.71)] (RII reduction: 34.6%), but no longer with depressive mood [RII (95% CI)=2.03 (0.41-10.07)] (RII reduction: 79.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive rather than behavioural hostility is associated with an increased risk of suicide, independently of baseline depressive mood.
authors.affiliation: Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France. cedric.lemogne@egp.aphp.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lemogne
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fossati
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Limosin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nabi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Encrenaz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonenfant
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Consoli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology*