title: Genetic history of an archaic hominin group from Denisova Cave in Siberia.
abstract: Using DNA extracted from a finger bone found in Denisova Cave in southern Siberia, we have sequenced the genome of an archaic hominin to about 1.9-fold coverage. This individual is from a group that shares a common origin with Neanderthals. This population was not involved in the putative gene flow from Neanderthals into Eurasians; however, the data suggest that it contributed 4-6% of its genetic material to the genomes of present-day Melanesians. We designate this hominin population 'Denisovans' and suggest that it may have been widespread in Asia during the Late Pleistocene epoch. A tooth found in Denisova Cave carries a mitochondrial genome highly similar to that of the finger bone. This tooth shares no derived morphological features with Neanderthals or modern humans, further indicating that Denisovans have an evolutionary history distinct from Neanderthals and modern humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. reich@genetics.med.harvard.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reich
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kircher
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Eric Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: Bence
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Viola
authors.forename: Adrian W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Stenzel
authors.forename: Philip L F
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Tomislav
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maricic
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Good
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marques-Bonet
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alkan
authors.forename: Qiaomei
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Swapan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mallick
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Evan E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoneking
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: Sahra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Talamo
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Shunkov
authors.forename: Anatoli P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Derevianko
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hublin
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelso
authors.forename: Montgomery
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slatkin
authors.forename: Svante
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pääbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D005060:Europe; D050278:Finger Phalanges / Q000737:chemistry; D005580:Fossils; D051456:Gene Flow; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics*; D015186:Hominidae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008542:Melanesia; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012800:Siberia; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial