title: Biodegradation of leuco derivatives of triphenylmethane dyes by Sphingomonas sp. CM9.
abstract: A leuco derivatives of triphenylmethane dyes degrading bacterium, strain CM9, was isolated from an aquafarm field. Based on morphology, physiologic tests, 16S rDNA sequence, and phylogenetic characteristics, it was identified as Sphingomonas sp. This strain was capable of degrading leucomalachite green (LMG), leucocrystal violet and leucobasic fuchsin completely. The relationship between bacterium growth and LMG degradation suggested that strain CM9 could use LMG as the sole source of carbon. The most LMG degradation activity of CM9 crude extract was observed at pH 7.0 and at 30°C. Many metal ions had little inhibition effect on the degradation activity of the crude extract. CM9 also showed strong decolorization of triphenylmethane dyes to their leuco derivatives. GC/MS analysis detected two novel metabolic products, methylbenzene and 4-aminophenol, during the LMG degradation by CM9.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Liguan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Lijuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhongbo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xiaolin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Liuyan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology; D005840:Gentian Violet / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020578:Sphingomonas / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D014320:Triphenylmethyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014320:Triphenylmethyl Compounds; C475159:leucocrystal violet; C046945:triphenylmethane; C015320:leucomalachite green; D005840:Gentian Violet