title: Botryosphaeriaceae associated with Pterocarpus angolensis (kiaat) in South Africa.
abstract: There have been several recent reports of Pterocarpus angolensis (kiaat) trees dying in South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe, where this tree is used in traditional medicine and is a valuable source of timber for woodcarving and furniture. A survey of material from diseased P. angolensis trees in South Africa yielded isolates of the Botryosphaeriaceae, an important fungal family known to cause a number of tree diseases. The aim of this study was to identify these Botryosphaeriaceae and to determine their pathogenicity to P. angolensis with branch inoculations. Seven species of the Botryosphaeriaceae were identified based on a combination of morphological characteristics and sequences from the ITS and EF-1α gene regions. Four of these represent undescribed taxa for which the names Pseudofusicoccum violaceum, P. olivaceum, Diplodia alatafructa and Fusicoccum atrovirens are provided. The remaining three species collected include Lasiodiplodia theobromae, L. pseudotheobromae and L. crassispora. Inoculation trials on tree branches showed that L. pseudotheobromae and one isolate of D. alatafructa differed significantly from control inoculations. The high levels of virulence and common occurrence of L. pseudotheobromae suggest that this species could play a role in tree dieback and death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), Centre of Excellence in Tree Health Biotechnology (CTHB), Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria 0028. james.mehl@fabi.up.ac.za
authors.forename: James W M
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mehl
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Slippers
authors.forename: Jolanda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wingfield
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D001483:Base Sequence; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D021901:DNA, Intergenic / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D035721:Pterocarpus / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013019:South Africa; D014197:Trees / Q000382:microbiology*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021901:DNA, Intergenic; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1