title: The Persian version of Trinity Amputation and Prosthetics Experience Scale: translation, factor structure, reliability and validity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to translate the Trinity Amputation and Prosthetics Experience Scale (TAPES) into Persian and to investigate its psychometric properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 182 Persian-speaker individuals with lower limb amputation completed the TAPES questionnaire, of whom 103 individuals completed the Short Form 36 Health survey as well. The TAPES was re-administered to 41 participants in the retest session, with an interval of 5-7 days between the two sessions. Internal consistency, test-retest reproducibility, dimensionality, item internal consistency and discriminant validity and construct validity were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's α's were greater than the cut-off point of 0.70 for all subscales with the exception of social adjustment subscale. Minimum intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.70 was exceeded by all subscales with the exception of social activity subscale. Principle component analysis performed on each section of the TAPES revealed loading of all items on their corresponding factors. The exceptions were item 4 of social adjustment subscale and the single item of weight subscale. Most items were stronger measures of their hypothesised subscale than the other subscales. In terms of construct validity, 75% of a priori hypotheses were confirmed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Persian version of TAPES seems to be a reliable and valid measure of psychological adaptation to artificial limb.
authors.affiliation: Musculoskeletal Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: Masood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazaheri
authors.forename: Shima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fardipour
authors.forename: Mahyar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salavati
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hadadi
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Negahban
authors.forename: Mahmood
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bahramizadeh
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khosrozadeh
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000671:Amputation, Surgical / Q000379:methods* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000674:Amputees / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001186:Artificial Limbs / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014175:Translating