title: Exosomes communicate protective messages during oxidative stress; possible role of exosomal shuttle RNA.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Exosomes are small extracellular nanovesicles of endocytic origin that mediate different signals between cells, by surface interactions and by shuttling functional RNA from one cell to another. Exosomes are released by many cells including mast cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, epithelial cells and tumour cells. Exosomes differ compared to their donor cells, not only in size, but also in their RNA, protein and lipid composition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, we show that exosomes, released by mouse mast cells exposed to oxidative stress, differ in their mRNA content. Also, we show that these exosomes can influence the response of other cells to oxidative stress by providing recipient cells with a resistance against oxidative stress, observed as an attenuated loss of cell viability. Furthermore, Affymetrix microarray analysis revealed that the exosomal mRNA content not only differs between exosomes and donor cells, but also between exosomes derived from cells grown under different conditions; oxidative stress and normal conditions. Finally, we also show that exposure to UV-light affects the biological functions associated with exosomes released under oxidative stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results argue that the exosomal shuttle of RNA is involved in cell-to-cell communication, by influencing the response of recipient cells to an external stress stimulus.
authors.affiliation: Krefting Research Centre, Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eldh
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ekström
authors.forename: Hadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Valadi
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjöstrand
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Olsson
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jernås
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lötvall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication; D002470:Cell Survival; D055354:Exosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012313:RNA; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide