title: [Iatrogenic venous cerebral air embolism without pulmonary manifestation: A retrograde mechanism?].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Air embolism is a rare complication of various invasive medical procedures. Venous cerebral air embolism is usually the consequence of paradoxical embolism. We report a case of isolated cerebral air embolism resulting from a non-paradoxical mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A few minutes after his central venous catheter had been accidentally disconnected, a 63-year-old man developed left-sided rhythmic jerking movements followed by left hemiplegia. There were no associated cardiologic or pulmonary signs. Brain CT showed air bubbles in the right frontal cortical sulci. The brain MRI DWI and FLAIR sequences showed a high intensity right frontal cortical lesion without reduction in ADC. Transesophageal echocardiogram did not find a patent foramen ovale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this case of venous cerebral air embolism, the lack of any cardiopulmonary manifestation, the lack of a patent foramen ovale and the neuroradiological findings are not in favor of the hypothesis of paradoxical embolism. The hypothesis of retrograde venous cerebral air embolism is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Service de neurologie vasculaire, hôpital Purpan, pavillon Riser, CHU de Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse cedex 3, France. raposo.n@chu-toulouse.fr
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raposo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Faiz
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Albucher
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dugert
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonneville
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meliani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chollet
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors; D008875:Middle Aged; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000473:pathology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed