title: A microcosting approach for isolated, unilateral cleft lip care in the first year of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The concept of value-based health care underlies many new improvement initiatives in U.S. health care. To determine value, accurate measures of both outcomes and costs are essential, which may then be compared for the same provider or system over time or between providers, to foster improvement. Although outcomes measurement has received a great deal of attention since the quality movement began in the United States, costing methodologies are lacking.
  
  
  METHODS
  A basic microcosting methodology was used to obtain direct medical costs, including physician compensation, for individuals with isolated, unilateral cleft lip deformity receiving their full course of care from one surgeon. The authors analyzed costs associated with the timeline of care during the first year of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median cost for the first year of life was $13,013 (range, $10,426 to $16,115; n = 12). Ninety-one percent of costs were associated with the cleft lip repair, which occurred at a median age of 3.7 months. The majority of these costs stemmed from time in the operating room and the inpatient stay, which accounted for 68 and 19 percent of first-year costs, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a microcosting approach, the authors identified specific cost drivers and outlined a distinct timeline of care for patients with isolated cleft lip in the first year of life. This approach may serve as a template for the cost side of the value equation, for which accurate methodologies are needed. When combined with key outcomes measures, it will be possible to measure and improve value at the patient and provider levels.
authors.affiliation: Boston, Mass. From Harvard Medical School; the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston; and the Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary.
authors.forename: Megan M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Meara
mesh_terms: D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000191:economics / Q000601:surgery*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009873:Operating Rooms / Q000191:economics; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000191:economics*; D014481:United States