title: Daratumumab, a novel therapeutic human CD38 monoclonal antibody, induces killing of multiple myeloma and other hematological tumors.
abstract: CD38, a type II transmembrane glycoprotein highly expressed in hematological malignancies including multiple myeloma (MM), represents a promising target for mAb-based immunotherapy. In this study, we describe the cytotoxic mechanisms of action of daratumumab, a novel, high-affinity, therapeutic human mAb against a unique CD38 epitope. Daratumumab induced potent Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in CD38-expressing lymphoma- and MM-derived cell lines as well as in patient MM cells, both with autologous and allogeneic effector cells. Daratumumab stood out from other CD38 mAbs in its strong ability to induce complement-dependent cytotoxicity in patient MM cells. Importantly, daratumumab-induced Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and complement-dependent cytotoxicity were not affected by the presence of bone marrow stromal cells, indicating that daratumumab can effectively kill MM tumor cells in a tumor-preserving bone marrow microenvironment. In vivo, daratumumab was highly active and interrupted xenograft tumor growth at low dosing. Collectively, our results show the versatility of daratumumab to effectively kill CD38-expressing tumor cells, including patient MM cells, via diverse cytotoxic mechanisms. These findings support clinical development of daratumumab for the treatment of CD38-positive MM tumors.
authors.affiliation: Genmab, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Weers
authors.forename: Yu-Tzu
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: van der Veer
authors.forename: Joost M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vink
authors.forename: Daniëlle C H
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Lukas A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Oomen
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peipp
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Valerius
authors.forename: Jerry W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Slootstra
authors.forename: Tuna
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mutis
authors.forename: Wim K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Bleeker
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Henk M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lokhorst
authors.forename: Jan G J
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: van de Winkel
authors.forename: Paul W H I
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Parren
mesh_terms: D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity / Q000276:immunology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D016466:CHO Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C556306:daratumumab; C498154:CD38 protein, human; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1