title: Cognitive dysfunction in post-traumatic obsessive-compulsive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether patients who develop obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) after posttraumatic stress disorder, i.e. post-traumatic OCD (PsT-OCD), display a distinctive neurocognitive pattern of dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with PsT-OCD (n = 16), pre-traumatic OCD (PrT-OCD) (n = 18), non-traumatic OCD (NonT-OCD) (n = 67) and healthy controls (n = 17) had their performance compared on the following neuropsychological tests: the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, the Iowa Gambling Task, the Wechsler Memory Scale Logical Memory, the Brief Visual Memory Test - Revised, and the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale for Intelligence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with OCD, as a group, were characterized by poor set-shifting abilities and impaired verbal and visuospatial memories. Impaired set-shifting abilities were found to correlate with the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms in all groups of patients with OCD, with the exception of PsT-OCD. Only patients with PsT-OCD were characterized by impaired visuospatial recognition, which was found to correlate with poor set-shifting abilities in this particular group of patients, but not in individuals with other types of OCD or in healthy controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that PsT-OCD is associated with a distinctive pattern of neurocognitive dysfunction, thus providing support for a different subtype of OCD.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Psiquiatria, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. lfontenelle@gmail.com
authors.forename: Manuela C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Daniela T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iêgo
authors.forename: Carina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: D'Alcante
authors.forename: Ilduara
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sidrim
authors.forename: Maria Cristiana
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Paula S P
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Aristides V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Cordioli
authors.forename: Maria Conceição
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: do Rosário
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Petribú
authors.forename: Mauro V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Mendlowicz
authors.forename: Jair J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mari
authors.forename: Eurípedes C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Miguel
authors.forename: Leonardo F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Fontenelle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology