title: Water desalination using carbon-nanotube-enhanced membrane distillation.
abstract: Carbon nanotube (CNT) enhanced membrane distillation is presented for water desalination. It is demonstrated that the immobilization of the CNTs in the pores of a hydrophobic membrane favorably alters the water-membrane interactions to promote vapor permeability while preventing liquid penetration into the membrane pores. For a salt concentration of 34 000 mg L(-1) and at 80 °C, the nanotube incorporation led to 1.85 and 15 times increase in flux and salt reduction, respectively.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gethard
authors.forename: Ornthida
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sae-Khow
authors.forename: Somenath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitra
mesh_terms: D057168:Distillation / Q000379:methods*; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D012492:Salts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D012492:Salts; D014867:Water; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate