title: Serum protein profiling to identify biomarkers for small renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: Diagnostic biomarkers for early detection of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are in great need. In the present study, we compared the serum protein profiles of patients with small RCC to those of healthy individuals to identify the differentially expressed proteins with potential to serve as biomarkers. Serum samples were collected from 10 patients with small RCC and 10 healthy individuals. The serum protein expression profiles were analyzed by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Twenty-seven proteins with differences in expression levels between RCC patients and healthy volunteers were identified. Of these, 19 were expressed at different levels and eight were expressed in serum from the RCC group, but not from the control group. Six differentially expressed proteins identified by using mass spectrometry included coagulation factor XIII B, complement C3 and its precursor, misato homolog 1 (isoform CRA_b), hemopexin, and alpha-1-B-glycoprotein. Some of these serum proteins are known regulators of tumor progression in human malignancies. In conclusion, we successfully applied 2-D gel electrophoresis and identified six serum proteins differentially expressed between patients with small RCC and healthy volunteers. These proteins may provide novel biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis of human RCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Huashan Hospital, Fu Dan University, China. drxugang@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Chen-Rui
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Hao-Wen
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Cui-Qin
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Nong
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hai-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Yuan-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014357:Trypsin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001798:Blood Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014357:Trypsin