title: Radio speech communication problems reported in a survey of military pilots.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite technological advances in conveying information, speech communication is still a key safety factor in aviation. Effective radio communication is necessary, for example, in building and maintaining good team situation awareness. However, little has been reported concerning the prevalence and nature of radio communication problems in everyday working environments in military aviation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We surveyed Finnish Defense Forces pilots regarding the prevalence of radio speech communication problems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 225 pilots contacted, 75% replied to our survey. Altogether 138 of the respondents were fixed-wing pilots and 31 were helicopter pilots. Problems in radio communication occurred, on average, during 14% of flight time. The most prevalent problems were multiple speakers on the same radio frequency band causing overlapping speech, missing acknowledgments, high background noise especially during helicopter operations, and technical problems. Of the respondents, 18% (31 pilots) reported having encountered at least one potentially dangerous event caused by problems in radio communication during their military aviation career. If the employer were to offer extra hearing protection, such as custom-made ear plugs, 93% of the pilots indicated that they would use it.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Communication can be a flight safety factor especially during intense air combat exercises and other information-loaded flights. During these situations, communication should be clear and focused on the most essential information. So, training and technical improvements are necessary for better communication. High quality radio speech communication also improves operational effectiveness in military aviation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. taija.lahtinen@fimnet.fi
authors.forename: Taija M M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lahtinen
authors.forename: Kerttu H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Huttunen
authors.forename: Pentti O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Kuronen
authors.forename: Martti J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sorri
authors.forename: Tuomo K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Leino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008889:Military Personnel; D011845:Radio