title: Differential startle magnitude in mice selected for high and low swim analgesia is not related to difference in nociception.
abstract: The acoustic startle response (ASR) elicited by 110 dB 10-ms pulses was studied in relation to pain sensitivity in mouse lines selectively bred for high (HA) and for low (LA) swim analgesia. The magnitudes of ASR, similarly as hot-plate latencies, differed between the lines in the rank order HA is greater than unselected controls (C) greater than LA. The animals' nociception did not change after the ASR session consisting of a sequence of 20 acoustic stimuli. Morphine hydrochloride (5 and 10 mg per kg i.p.) increased hot-plate latencies in the order of HA greater than C greater than LA, and was not effective on ASR magnitude in HA as well as in C mice. In the LA line, 10 mg per kg of morphine slightly attenuated ASR, but caused only a little analgesia. We conclude that (1) the difference in ASR between the selected lines is inversely correlated with the difference in pain sensitivity; (2) the magnitude of ASR is not altered by morphine analgesia; (3) the procedure of ASR using brief acoustic pulses is not stressful enough to elicit a form of stress analgesia. The lack of a direct relationship between the readiness to startle and pain sensation may be beneficial for an animal's survival in dangerous situations. It is beneficial when the startle to a warning signal precedes defensive behaviors and it often must be effectuated in a state of decreased nociception.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland. j.blaszczyk@nencki.gov.pl.
authors.forename: Janusz W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Blaszczyk
authors.forename: Iwona B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Lapo
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Werka
authors.forename: Bogdan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sadowski
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D059408:Pain Management; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D058748:Pain Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine