title: Involvement of CD36 and intestinal alkaline phosphatases in fatty acid transport in enterocytes, and the response to a high-fat diet.
abstract: The vertebrate intestine is notable for its plasticity in response to environmental, pathologic, reproductive, and dietary challenges. The molecular mechanisms of intestinal adaptations typically involve both morphologic and functional changes. In response to chronic ingestion of a high-fat diet, for example, the mammalian small intestine quickly adapts to efficiently accommodate increased transport of long-chain fatty acids across the mucosa. Whereas this may be adaptive in the short term, in the long term it may contribute to the pathologies associated with chronic high-fat diets in humans and other mammals. This review focuses on some of the known and putative mechanisms by which fatty acids are transported across the intestinal epithelium in addition to simple diffusion, and how these mechanisms may be regulated in part by a high-fat diet. A model is proposed in which two key proteins, CD36 and the enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase, work in a coordinated manner to optimize fatty acid transport across enterocytes in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, United States.
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Lynes
authors.forename: Eric P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Widmaier
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D018955:CD36 Antigens; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C063088:ALPI protein, human; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase