title: Carotid atherosclerosis and lipoprotein particle subclasses in familial hypercholesterolaemia and familial combined hyperlipidaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and familial combined hyperlipidaemia (FCH) are common atherogenic disorders with great variability in cardiovascular disease (CVD). No direct atherosclerosis burden comparisons have been performed between FH and FCH in relation to lipoprotein particle distribution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Risk factors and three measures of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) in both sides were determined in 572 FH, 250 FCH and 200 controls. Lipoproteins were assessed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Compared with controls, IMT measures were increased in FH and FCH. FCH had the highest adjusted mean-maximum IMT. FH had twice low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles than controls, but similar LDL subclass size and distribution. FCH subjects also had increased LDL particles and the highest number of small LDL (1519 ± 731 nmol l(-1) vs. 887 ± 784 nmol l(-1) in FH and 545 ± 409 nmol l(-1) in controls). Age, gender, cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein (HDL) ratio, smoking and systolic blood pressure were independently associated with IMT in FH (r(2) = 0.38). The same variables, except cholesterol/HDL ratio, were associated with IMT in FCH (r(2) = 0.40). Among NMR lipoproteins, only VLDL and chylomicrons increased IMT prediction in FCH by 0.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FH and FCH subjects show increased carotid atherosclerosis in relation to classical risk factors. Lipoprotein subclasses do not substantially contribute to IMT variability.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Instituto Aragonés de Ciencias de la Salud, Avda. Isabel La Católica 1-3, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jarauta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mateo-Gallego
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gilabert
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Plana
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Junyent
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cenarro
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Masana
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Civeira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002340:Carotid Artery Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D059168:Carotid Intima-Media Thickness; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL