title: A potential new health risk from lead in used consumer products purchased in the United States.
abstract: The Lead Renovation, Repair, and Painting Rule and the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act, both enacted in 2008, were intended to protect children from exposure to lead by setting federal limits on lead content. Neither of these federal actions, however, addresses a newly recognized pathway of exposure to lead from the use of used consumer products in the home. In the study described in this article, the authors purchased 28 used consumer items in the United States in 2004 and analyzed them for lead content using X-ray fluorescence technology. Nineteen of the items exceeded the federal standards for lead. The amount of lead in the items ranged from 745 parts per million (ppm) to 428,525 ppm. The authors' research shows that such items, which are easily purchased throughout the U.S., may contain surface lead concentrations in amounts greater than 700 times current federal limits. This article reveals an ongoing public health threat involved in exposure to lead that is not addressed by current laws or regulations. Addressing the risk involved in this threat requires continued research, public education, and targeted regulatory action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health, State University of New York, Postdam, NY 13676, USA. sharmela@potsdam.edu
authors.forename: Laurel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sharmer
authors.forename: M Steven
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shackley
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Harding
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D003257:Consumer Product Safety / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D006795:Household Products / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D010150:Paint / Q000032:analysis*; D010988:Play and Playthings; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007854:Lead