title: Extramural venous invasion by gastrointestinal malignancies: CT appearances.
abstract: The purpose of this article is to describe and demonstrate the appearances of extramural vascular invasion on computed tomography in gastrointestinal malignancies as one of the pathways of disease spread. In this article, we demonstrate the imaging features with pathologically proven examples, along with a brief description of relevant vascular anatomy. We shall also discuss the clinical significance and prognostic implications of extramural vascular invasion in gastrointestinal malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Radiology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. tchers1977@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cher Heng
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Raghunandan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vikram
authors.forename: Piyaporn
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boonsirikamchai
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhosale
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marcal
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: Chusilp
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Charnsangavej
mesh_terms: D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology