title: Subjective and objective facial attractiveness: ratings and gender differences in objective appraisals of female faces.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have not adequately compared subjective/objective ratings of female dermatology patients including patients presenting for cosmetic procedures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine objective versus subjective facial attractiveness ratings, demographic variables, and how men versus women judge female facial attractiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five women (mean 42 years) presenting to a dermatology office. Subjects filled out a demographic and attractiveness questionnaire and were photographed. Four judges (2 male and 2 female) rated the photographs on a predefined 1 to 7 scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean subjective rating (subjects rating themselves) was 4.85 versus 3.61 for objective rating (judges rating subjects) (p<0.001). The mean age of subjects self-rating (subjective rating) who rated themselves in the 5 to 7 range was 39 years; the mean age of subjects self-rating (subjective rating) who rated themselves in the 3 to 4 range was 45 years (p=0.053). The mean age of subjects objectively rated by judges in the 5 to 7 range was 33 years; the mean age of subjects objectively rated by judges in the 3 to 4 range was 43 years (p<0.001); and the mean age of subjects objectively rated by judges in the 1 to 2 range was 50 years (p<0.001). The mean subjective rating (subjects rating themselves) for married women was 4.55 versus 5.27 for unmarried women (p=0.007); the mean objective rating (judges rating subjects) was 3.22 versus 4.15 (p<0.001). The mean objective rating by male judges was 3.09 versus 4.12 for female judges (p<0.001) CONCLUSION: Female patients presenting to a dermatology office rated themselves more attractive than did judges who viewed photographs of the subjects. Age and marital status were significant factors, and male judges rated attractiveness lower than female judges. Limitations of the study, implications, and suggestions for future research directions are discussed.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Nestor
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Frisina