title: Safety of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation in patients with nonacute ischemic stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety and feasibility of intra-arterial transplantation of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients with middle cerebral artery ischemic stroke within 90 days of symptom onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients were included in the study, and they received 1-5 × 10(8) bone marrow mononuclear cell and were evaluated using blood tests, neurological and imaging examination before treatment, and 1, 3, 7, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 180 days after transplantation. Scintigraphies were carried out 2 and 24 h after the procedure to analyze the biodistribution of labeled cells. Electroencephalogram was conducted within 7 days after transplantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patients exhibited any complication or adverse events during the procedure. There was no worsening in the neurological scales until the end of the follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-arterial bone marrow mononuclear cell transplantation is feasible and safe in patients with nonacute ischemic strokes of the middle cerebral artery. Further studies are required to evaluate the efficacy of this therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Battistella
authors.forename: Gabriel R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: Lea Mirian Barbosa
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: da Fonseca
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mercante
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gutfilen
authors.forename: Regina C S
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: Juliana Vieira
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Tais H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kasai-Brunswick
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wajnberg
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Rosado-de-Castro
authors.forename: Soniza V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Alves-Leon
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mendez-Otero
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andre
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous