title: From eggs to hearts: what is the link between cyclic ADP-ribose and ryanodine receptors?
abstract: It was first proposed that cyclic ADP-ribose (cADPR) could activate ryanodine receptors (RyR) in 1991. Following a subsequent report that cADPR could activate cardiac RyR (RyR2) reconstituted into artificial membranes and stimulate Ca(2+) -release from isolated cardiac SR, there has been a steadily mounting stockpile of publications proclaiming the physiological and pathophysiological importance of cADPR in the cardiovascular system. It was only 2 years earlier, in 1989, that cADPR was first identified as the active metabolite of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), responsible for triggering the release of Ca(2+)  from crude homogenates of sea urchin eggs. Twenty years later, can we boast of being any closer to unraveling the mechanisms by which cADPR modulates intracellular Ca(2+) -release? This review sets out to examine the mechanisms underlying the effects of cADPR and ask whether cADPR is an important signaling molecule in the heart.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiology and Pharmacology, British Heart Institute and NSQI, University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Venturi
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galfré
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sitsapesan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005306:Fertilization; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009249:NADP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010063:Ovum / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000502:physiology*; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose; D009249:NADP; C024376:NAADP; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; C403484:tacrolimus binding protein 1B