title: Age-dependent metabolic effects of second-generation antipsychotics in second-generation antipsychotic-naïve French Canadian patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients receiving second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) may experience secondary metabolic effects such as weight gain, as well as changes in lipid and glucose metabolism. These effects are well documented in adults; however, fewer studies are available concerning their occurrence and their evolution in children and adolescents.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine if there is an age-dependent variation in the metabolic effects of SGAs in a drug-naïve population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Charts of 232 French Canadian patients participating in a program monitoring the metabolic effects of SGAs were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 85 SGA-naïve patients were selected, including 58 youths and 27 adults. Changes, relative to baseline, in weight, body mass index, lipid metabolism (total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglyceride), and fasting blood glucose were assessed, with follow-up at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With respect to weight gain, in both the youth and adult groups, body mass index significantly increased from baseline at 3 months (10.1% [p < 0.0001] and 12.2% [p < 0.0001], respectively) and 6 months (11.8% [p < 0.0001] and 13.1% [p < 0.0001], respectively). With respect to lipid metabolism, in the youth group, there was no significant change. In the adult group, there was a significant increase at 3 and 6 months in total cholesterol (24.0% [p = 0.004] and 24.1% [p = 0.0006], respectively), low-density lipoprotein (26.8% [p = 0.019] and 30.1% [p = 0.010], respectively), and high-density lipoprotein (10.2% [p = 0.04] and 17.1% [p = 0.005], respectively). There was no significant change in triglyceride and glucose metabolism in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results confirm the age-independent effects of SGA on weight gain. However, more data are needed to explore the age effect on glucose and lipid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: CHAU Hotel Dieu de Levis, Department of Psychiatry, Laval University, Levis, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedard
authors.forename: Paul-André
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Desmarais
authors.forename: France
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jourdain
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ben Amor
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002170:Canada; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids