title: Effect of PAC addition on immersed ultrafiltration for the treatment of algal-rich water.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of powdered activated carbon (PAC) addition on the treatment of algal-rich water by immersed ultrafiltration (UF), in terms of permeate quality and membrane fouling. Experiments were performed with a hollow-fiber polyvinyl chloride ultrafiltration membrane at a laboratory scale, 20-25°C and 10 L/(m(2) h) constant permeate flux. UF could achieve an absolute removal of Microcystis aeruginosa cells, but a poor removal of algogenic organic matter (AOM) released into water, contaminants responsible for severe membrane fouling. The addition of 4 g/L PAC to the immersed UF reactor significantly alleviated the development of trans-membrane pressure and enhanced the removal of dissovled organic carbon (by 10.9±1.7%), UV(254) (by 27.1±1.7%), and microcystins (expressed as MC-LR(eq), by 40.8±4.2%). However, PAC had little effect on the rejection of hydrophilic high molecular weight AOM such as carbohydrates and proteins. It was also identified that PAC reduced the concentrations of carbohydrates and proteins in the reactor due to decreased light intensity, as well as the MC-LR(eq) concentration by PAC adsorption.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China. zhang.yan113@163.com
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jiayu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.forename: ShanShan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Meilian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guibai
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000737:chemistry; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D005068:Eutrophication; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D052998:Microcystins / Q000737:chemistry; D046931:Microcystis / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D011208:Powders; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014462:Ultrafiltration; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D052998:Microcystins; D009573:Nitrites; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011208:Powders; D011506:Proteins; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002606:Charcoal; D000641:Ammonia; D000077194:Chlorophyll A