title: [Factor structure and validity of the Japanese version of SOCRATES (Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale) in adolescent delinquents placed in detention home].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assessment of the degree of motivation for change in drug abusers is important in determining the optimal treatment modality for each patient. The Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES) is a 19 item instrument designed by Miller and Tonigan to provide quantitative assessment of the motivation for change in substance abusers. The object of the present study is to examine the factor structure and validity of the Japanese version of SOCRATES-8D (version 8 for drug abusers).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and five adolescent delinquents (81 male and 24 female) in a detention home were included in the study. The most frequently abused drug was cannabis in 43 percent of the delinquents, followed by methamphetamine in 20 percent and organic solvent in 18 percent. Exploratory factor analysis and validity analysis was performed to determine the factor structure and criterion-related validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two factor structure of the 13 item Japanese version was confirmed, namely 6 item "Ambivalence" and 7 item "Taking steps". Internal consistency was acceptable with the value of a over 0.85. Criterion-related validity was confirmed with significant negative correlation between the Self-Efficacy Scale (Morita et al.) and "Ambivalence" factor, and significant positive correlation with "Taking steps" factor. Also, there was significant positive correlation between the Japanese version of the Drug Abuse Screening Test (Skinner) and "Ambivalence" factor. The external validity of "Recognition" factor was not confirmed. Presumably the factor related to the recognition of oneself as an addict was absorbed in "Ambivalence" factor, due to the relatively less severe degree of drug dependence that is characteristic of the juvenile delinquents in detention homes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 13 item Japanese version of the SOCRATES-8D is valid and applicable to the substance abusing juvenile delinquents in detention homes. Further research with the inclusion of adult samples from addiction clinics is necessary to confirm the generalizability of the version.
authors.affiliation: National Center Hospital of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira 187-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: Ohji
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Fumi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D016352:Group Homes; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology*; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*