title: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells are increased in cerebrospinal fluid of untreated patients during multiple sclerosis relapse.
abstract: The plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) express a high level of Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9), which recognizes viral DNA. Activated via TLR-9, pDCs also secrete large amounts of type I interferon which are involved either in stimulation or down regulation of immune response in multiple sclerosis (MS). In the present study, we determinate pDCs levels by flow cytometry in Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) and Peripheral Blood from MS patients in relapsing and in remitting phases of the disease, comparing with other non-inflammatory diseases (OND). We provide evidence that MS patients in relapse without any treatment have a significantly (p < 0.01) higher percentage of pDCs in CSF than do patients in remission or those with OND. No change in the percentage of pDCs was observed in the peripheral blood of any of these patients. The increase of pDCs in central nervous system during relapse may be explained either by a virus infection or a down regulatory process.
authors.affiliation: Neuroimmunology Unit, Dept Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Biology Institute University of Campinas - UNICAMP.
authors.forename: Ana Leda F
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Longhini
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: von Glehn
authors.forename: Carlos Otávio
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.forename: Rosemeire F O
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: de Paula
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pradella
authors.forename: Adriel S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Moraes
authors.forename: Alessandro S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Farias
authors.forename: Elaine C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Juan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Quispe-Cabanillas
authors.forename: Cassiana Horta
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Abreu
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Damasceno
authors.forename: Benito P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Damasceno
authors.forename: Konstantin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Balashov
authors.forename: Leonilda M B
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012008:Recurrence; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9 / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9