title: Contact endoscopy as a novel technique in the detection and diagnosis of mucosal lesions in the head and neck: a brief review.
abstract: Background. There are a variety of described noninvasive optical detection techniques for evaluation of head and neck mucosal lesions. Contact endoscopy is a promising method of in vivo microscopic examination whereby a rigid telescope is placed on a previously dye-stained mucosa allowing evaluation of the superficial cell layers of the epithelium. This technique produces real-time, magnified images of cellular architecture of surface mucosa comparable to histology without the need for biopsy. In this review, we will briefly summarize the efficacy of CE in the detection of precancerous and cancerous mucosal lesions and its potential as a novel technique in early diagnosis, monitoring, and preoperative assessment of mucosal lesions of the head and neck. Methods. PUBMED, MEDLINE, and COCHRANE search revealed five prospective articles on contact endoscopy for the diagnosis of mucosal lesions in the head and neck. Results. The literature search yielded five prospective studies examining contact endoscopy for the diagnosis of benign versus malignant head and neck mucosal lesions. These reported a sensitivity and specificity of 77-100%, specificity of 66-100% and an accuracy of 72-92%. Conclusion. Contact endoscopy is a promising optical technology that may be a useful adjunct in the evaluation and diagnosis of benign and malignant head and neck mucosal lesions. Future prospective randomized double-blind studies of this detection method are required.
authors.affiliation: Division of Head and Neck Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Victoria Hospital, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5W9.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szeto
authors.forename: Bret
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wehrli
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fung