title: Brushing abrasion of dentin: effect of diluent and dilution rate of toothpaste.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether toothpaste diluent type and dilution rate influence abrasion of dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Slabs of human root dentin (4 x 3 x 2 mm) were embedded in epoxy resin, ground and polished. Adhesive tape was placed on the specimen's surface leaving an exposed central area of 1 x 4 mm. Specimens (n = 15) were then brushed for 1,000 strokes in a reciprocal action brushing simulator using toothpaste that had been diluted in a carboxymethylcellulose-based artificial saliva (CMC) or deionized water (DW) from 1:1 to 1:4 (toothpaste:diluents, in weight). Control groups were brushed with undiluted toothpaste, CMC-based saliva or DW only. Brushing simulation was run at 300 g load at 37 degrees C. After brushing, adhesive tape was removed and wear analyzed by optical profilometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-way ANOVA (P < 0.0001) and Tukey's test revealed that, in general, wear depth (microm) declined with increasing dilution, regardless of the diluent. Brushing with CMC- or DW-only caused the least abrasion.
authors.affiliation: cecilia.turssi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Cecilia P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Turssi
authors.forename: Danielle C F
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Messias
authors.forename: Anderson Takeo
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Franklin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garcia-Godoy
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003804:Dentin / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000209:etiology*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D014100:Toothpastes; D014867:Water