title: Molecular epidemiology of HIV type 1 in Singapore and identification of novel CRF01_AE/B recombinant forms.
abstract: To investigate HIV-1 molecular epidemiology in Singapore, we sequenced portions of three regions of the HIV-1 genome (protease HXB2: 2163 to 2620, gp120 HXB2: 6904 to 7628, and gp41 HXB2: 7817 to 8264) from 212 plasma samples collected between February 2008 and August 2009. From these samples, 109 (51.4%) generated interpretable data in all regions. Sixty-one (56.0%) were identified as CRF01_AE, 26 (23.9%) as subtype B and 14 (12.8%) as possible novel recombinant forms. The main novel recombinant pattern, detected in 13 sequences, had subtype B in protease and gp41 and CRF01_AE in gp120. There was intermixing of subtypes within transmission risk groups. However, 85% of subjects infected with the novel recombinant forms self-identified as men who have sex with men or bisexuals compared with only 41% of individuals infected with CRF01_AE and 62% infected with subtype B (p = 0.001).
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. oong@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Oon Tek
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Supriya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Munshaw
authors.forename: Susanna L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lamers
authors.forename: Kuan Kiat
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Andrew D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Redd
authors.forename: Jordyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manucci
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Stuart C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Arlene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chua
authors.forename: Yee Sin
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Leo
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laeyendecker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012846:Singapore / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D012367:RNA, Viral; C514793:gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; C514787:gp41 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D054302:pol Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus