title: Feasible temperature of percutaneous microwave ablation of dog liver abutting the bowel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study used a dog model to determine the optimal temperature of percutaneous microwave ablation that causes complete necrosis of liver but not the adjacent bowel, supporting the use of this method to specifically and effectively treat liver tumour abutting the bowel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation of liver abutting the bowel was performed on healthy adult dogs. Temperature of the ablation margin was monitored and controlled through inserted thermal monitoring needles. Dogs were divided into three groups and received microwave ablation at 75-95°C, 65-75°C, or 55-65°C. Imaging and histological examination were used to evaluate the damage of the bowel adjacent to the ablated liver.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within one hour of treatment, the bowel adjacent to the ablated liver was seriously burned in the group receiving 75-95°C microwave ablation. Inflammation and congestion were found in the submucosa of the bowel in the group receiving 65-75°C microwave ablation. Minor inflammation was found in the mucosa of the bowel in the group receiving 55-65°C microwave ablation. Moreover, in the group receiving 55-65°C microwave ablation, ablated liver areas were covered with omenta, and histological examination revealed inflammatory reaction of the omenta 28 days after ablation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microwave ablation at 55-65°C for 6 min is preferred for ablation of liver tissue abutting the bowel in dogs. These findings may provide some valuable reference for percutaneous microwave ablation of human liver tumour adjacent to the bowel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Interventional Ultrasound, General Hospital of PLA, Beijing.
authors.forename: Shao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiu-Jie
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhi-Yu
authors.forename: Ni
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Xiao-Xia
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wen-Yuan
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yuan-Yuan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ping
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004285:Dogs; D007422:Intestines / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008872:Microwaves / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013696:Temperature; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional