title: Evaluation of a dynamic armrest for hydraulic-actuation controller use.
abstract: The efficacy of a newly designed dynamic armrest was evaluated during joystick operation of a typical North American hydraulic-actuation joystick. The dynamic design was evaluated against a stationary armrest condition as well as no armrest condition. Electromyography (EMG) and subjective measurements were used to make the evaluation. The dynamic armrest, which mimics the natural pendulation of a joystick operator's arm in the forward and backward directions, was shown to significantly decrease the muscular activation in the upper trapezius, posterior deltoid, and anterior deltoid (p ≤ 0.01) over a stationary armrest. A questionnaire revealed that subjects significantly (p = 0.01) preferred the dynamic armrest design over either a standard armrest or no armrest with 17 of 21 operators preferring the dynamic armrest. Ratings from the questionnaire indicated that subjects felt that the dynamic armrest required less effort, was more comfortable, and was more effective than either of the other two armrest conditions.
authors.affiliation: School of Engineering, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Oliver
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology*; D016287:Computer Peripherals; D003625:Data Collection; D004576:Electromyography; D004867:Equipment Design; D006804:Ergonomics / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009038:Motion; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult