title: Interlaboratory evaluation of a real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction method for identification of salmon and trout species in commercial products.
abstract: This interlaboratory study evaluated a real-time multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method for identification of salmon and trout species in a range of commercial products in North America. Eighty salmon and trout products were tested with this method by three independent laboratories. Samples were collected in the United States and Canada, and only the collecting institution was aware of the species declaration. Following analysis with real-time PCR, all three laboratories were able to identify species in 79 of the 80 products, with 100% agreement on species assignment. A low level of fraud was detected, with only four products (5%) found to be substituted or mixtures of two species. The results for two of the fraudulent products were confirmed with alternate methods, but the other two products were heavily processed and could not be verified with methods other than real-time PCR. Overall, the results of this study show the usefulness and versatility of this real-time PCR method for the identification of commercial salmon and trout species.
authors.affiliation: Food Innovation Center, Oregon State University, Portland, Oregon 97211, USA. rosalee.hellberg@gmail.com
authors.forename: Rosalee S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rasmussen Hellberg
authors.forename: Amanda M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Naaum
authors.forename: Sara M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Handy
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Hanner
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Deeds
authors.forename: Haile F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Yancy
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Morrissey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D058893:DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012474:Salmon / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D017747:Seafood / Q000032:analysis / Q000145:classification*; D014337:Trout / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004247:DNA