title: Effects of meals rich in either monounsaturated or saturated fat on lipid concentrations and on insulin secretion and action in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The nature of dietary fats and fasting concentrations of triglycerides affect postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and glucose homeostasis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objectives were to examine the effects of meals enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on postprandial lipid, glucose, and insulin concentrations and to examine the extent of β cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen men with fasting hypertriglyceridemia and normal glucose tolerance were given meals (≈10 kcal/kg body weight) containing MUFAs, SFAs, or no fat. Blood samples were collected at baseline and hourly over 8 h for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The high-fat meals significantly increased postprandial concentrations of triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and insulin and postprandial indexes of β cell function. However, postprandial indexes of insulin sensitivity decreased significantly. These effects were significantly attenuated with MUFAs relative to SFAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MUFAs postprandially buffered β cell hyperactivity and insulin intolerance relative to SFAs in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations. These data suggest that, in contrast with SFAs, MUFA-based strategies may provide cardiovascular benefits to persons at risk by limiting lipid and insulin excursions and may contribute to optimal glycemic control after meal challenges.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bermudez
authors.forename: Almudena
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Lourdes M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Varela
authors.forename: Yolanda M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villar
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abia
authors.forename: Francisco J G
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Muriana
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides