title: A Spanish version of the Athens Insomnia Scale.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and validate a Spanish version of the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The AIS is designed to assess sleep difficulty and comprises eight items: the first five refer to the sleep disturbance and the last three to the daytime consequences. Either the full eight-item scale (AIS-8) or the brief form (AIS-5) can be administered. The adaptation used a back-translation design. The validation process was based on a sample of 323 participants (undergraduates, community sample and psychiatric outpatients), which completed the AIS and other questionnaires: anxiety (BAI), depression (BDI) and psychological well-being (GHQ-12) scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The internal consistency coefficients for both versions were above 0.80. The study of dimensionality revealed a single factor with high loadings and a percentage of explained variance above 50% in both versions. Test-retest reliability was above 0.70 (AIS-5) and over 0.80 (AIS-8) at a one-month interval. The correlation between the AIS and the previously mentioned scales was for both the AIS-5 and the AIS-8 above 0.40 and 0.50, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The psychometric properties of both versions of the Spanish form of the AIS demonstrate that the scale is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of insomnia in Spanish-speaking populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Methodology and Behavioural Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez-Benito
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Georgina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guilera
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D013030:Spain; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult