title: The German version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ-G11-14): translation process, reliability, and validity in the general population.
abstract: The aims of this study were to develop a German version of the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ11-14, a measure of oral health-related quality of life in 11-14-year-old children) and to assess the instrument's reliability and validity in German children ages 11-14. The English original version of the CPQ11-14 questionnaire was translated into German (CPQ-G11-14) by a forward-backward translation method. Reliability was investigated in 1,061 subjects aged 11-14 years from a regional sample (Wernigerode, Saxonia-Anhalt, Germany) who were recruited during the annual dental public health examination. The subjects completed the CPQ-G11-14 and were clinically examined for the presence of dental caries, plaque accumulation, and malocclusion. In the reliability assessment, questionnaire summary score test-retest reliability was excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.83, 0.73-0.94) and internal consistency was satisfactory (Cronbach's alpha, lower limit of CI = 0.87, 0.86). Validity of the CPQ-G11-14 questionnaire was supported by correlations with global ratings of oral health and overall well-being that were moderate in magnitude and met expectations (r = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.30-0.40 and r = 0.30; 95% CI, 0.24-0.35, respectively). In conclusion, the German version of the CPQ11-14 was reliable and valid in a general population of 11-14-year-old German children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, University School of Dental Medicine, Harz 42a, 06108, Halle, Germany. katrin.bekes@medizin.uni-halle.de
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bekes
authors.forename: Mike T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Rona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zyriax
authors.forename: Hans-Günter
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000523:psychology; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000523:psychology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D009909:Oral Health; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D014175:Translating