title: Evolution and occurrence of 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) in Australian wine.
abstract: A new method has been developed for the quantitation of 1,8-cineole in red and white wines using headspace solid-phase microextraction (SPME) combined with stable isotope dilution analysis (SIDA) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). An extensive survey of Australian wines (44 white and 146 red) highlighted that only red wines contained significant amounts of 1,8-cineole (up to 20 μg/L). Hydrolytic studies with limonene and α-terpineol, putative precursors to 1,8-cineole, showed a very low conversion into 1,8-cineole (< 0.6%) over a 2 year period, which does not account for the difference between white and red wines. 1,8-Cineole was chemically stable in model wine solution over 2 years, and absorption from a Shiraz wine by bottle closures was most evident for a synthetic closure only (14% absorption after 1 year). Two commercial ferments at two different locations were monitored daily to investigate the evolution of 1,8-cineole throughout fermentation. Both ferments showed daily increases in 1,8-cineole concentration while in contact with grape solids, but this accumulation ceased immediately after pressing. This observation is consistent with the extraction of 1,8-cineole into the ferment from the solid portions of the grape berries.
authors.affiliation: The Australian Wine Research Institute, Glen Osmond, South Australia 5064, Australia. dimitra.capone@awri.com.au
authors.forename: Dimitra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Capone
authors.forename: Katryna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Leeuwen
authors.forename: Dennis K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Jeffery
authors.forename: Kevin H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Pardon
authors.forename: Gordon M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Elsey
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sefton
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000032:analysis*; D004355:Drug Stability; D000077591:Eucalyptol; D005285:Fermentation; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000032:analysis*; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction; D027843:Vitis; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003511:Cyclohexanols; D039821:Monoterpenes; D000077591:Eucalyptol