title: Aberrant overexpression of satellite repeats in pancreatic and other epithelial cancers.
abstract: Satellite repeats in heterochromatin are transcribed into noncoding RNAs that have been linked to gene silencing and maintenance of chromosomal integrity. Using digital gene expression analysis, we showed that these transcripts are greatly overexpressed in mouse and human epithelial cancers. In 8 of 10 mouse pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDACs), pericentromeric satellites accounted for a mean 12% (range 1 to 50%) of all cellular transcripts, a mean 40-fold increase over that in normal tissue. In 15 of 15 human PDACs, alpha satellite transcripts were most abundant and HSATII transcripts were highly specific for cancer. Similar patterns were observed in cancers of the lung, kidney, ovary, colon, and prostate. Derepression of satellite transcripts correlated with overexpression of the long interspersed nuclear element 1 (LINE-1) retrotransposon and with aberrant expression of neuroendocrine-associated genes proximal to LINE-1 insertions. The overexpression of satellite transcripts in cancer may reflect global alterations in heterochromatin silencing and could potentially be useful as a biomarker for cancer detection.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.forename: Doron
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lipson
authors.forename: Suchismita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Brannigan
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akhavanfard
authors.forename: Erik J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Coffman
authors.forename: Gianmarco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Contino
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: A John
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Iafrate
authors.forename: Stan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Letovsky
authors.forename: Miguel N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: Nabeel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bardeesy
authors.forename: Shyamala
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maheswaran
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Haber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D004276:DNA, Satellite / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006570:Heterochromatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D020084:Long Interspersed Nucleotide Elements; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000378:metabolism; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004276:DNA, Satellite; D006570:Heterochromatin; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D022661:RNA, Untranslated