title: [Surgical treatment of congenital quadricuspid aortic valve].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the understanding of congenital quadricuspid aortic valve (QAV), explore its echocardiographic diagnostic value and summarize the methods and outcomes of surgical treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 11 QAV patients from January 2000 to December 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 9 males and 2 females with a mean operative age of (32±16) years (range: 4-55).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 766 patients undergoing aortic valve surgery, 11 were of congenital quadricuspid aortic valve (1.4%); cardiac pathology: infective endocarditis (n=1), left superior vena cava (n=1), aortic aneurysm (n=1), mitral prolapse (n=1) and tricuspid insufficiency (n=1). The patients of congenital QAV deformity was diagnosed by echocardiography (n=7), misdiagnosed as single valve (n=1), misdiagnosed as bicuspid valve (n=1) and misdiagnosed as rheumatic heart disease (n=2). Type B (n=7), Type A (n=2), Type F (n=1) and Type G (n=1). Eleven patients underwent the procedure of aortic valve replacement. And the concomitant procedures were aortic root broadening (n=1), ascending aortoplasty (n=1), mitral valvuloplasty (n=1) and tricuspid valvuloplasty (n=1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quadricuspid aortic valve is rare in clinical practice. And echocardiography plays an important diagnostic role. Surgical replacement of aortic valve is the first-line therapy for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical College, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Yang-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ji-bin
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Fang-lin
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xi-long
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Zhi-gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Liang-jian
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Zhi-yun
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000002:abnormalities*; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D018376:Cardiovascular Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D055815:Young Adult