title: In vivo study of four preparative extracts of Clematis terniflora DC. for antinociceptive activity and anti-inflammatory activity in rat model of carrageenan-induced chronic non-bacterial prostatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was conducted to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of Clematis terniflora DC. extracts and fractions and to further support its traditional use as Chinese folk medicine in treatment of urinary infections, especially the disease of prostatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The antinociceptive activity of its water extract (WE), 70% ethanol extract (EE), water eluted part of EE from AB-8 macroporous resin (WEPMR) and 70% ethanol eluted part of EE from AB-8 macroporous resin (EEPMR) was conducted using mice writhing test with different doses. Then the anti-inflammatory activity of the four parts was evaluated on rat models of carrageenan-induced chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CNP). Preliminary study was taken to determine the phytochemical compositions of the four preparative extracts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant writhing inhibitory effect was found with EE at small (7.5 g/kg body wt.), moderate (15 g/kg body wt.) and large (30 g/kg body wt.) doses (doses here are presented as crude herbs) as well as EEPMR at moderate and large doses by oral administration (OA) (p≤0.01). Data from prostatic index, lecithin microsome density and white blood cell level showed that moderate dose of EE and EEPMR both had significant (p≤0.05 or p≤0.01) inhibition effect on carrageenan-induced inflammation in rat prostate. The HPLC analytical results showed that flavonoids were the main active compounds in WE, EE and EEPMR. And most flavonoids were accumulated into the part of EEPMR by AB-8 macroporous resin leaving only few compounds in WEPMR. No acute toxicity was identified in oral administration of the four parts at a dose of 100g/kg body wt.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results described here suggest that extracts of the aerial part of Clematis terniflora DC. might be of therapeutic interest in the treatment of prostatitis.
authors.affiliation: College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China. chenrunze_2008@163.com
authors.forename: R Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Y J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: X H
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002908:Chronic Disease; D039324:Clematis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D002351:Carrageenan