title: Different effects of isoflavones on vascular function in premenopausal and postmenopausal smokers and nonsmokers: NYMPH study.
abstract: Isoflavone intake has been associated with a reduction in the risk of cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women. The aim of the present study was to determine if the effects of isoflavones on vascular function differ between premenopausal and postmenopausal women and between women who smoke and those who do not. Women smokers and nonsmokers who consumed 50 mg of isoflavone/day as black soybean tea for a period of 2 months (n = 55, mean age 39) were enrolled in the present study. We examined endothelial function, which was assessed by the percent change in flow-mediated dilation (%FMD) and arterial wall stiffness using the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), as well as by biochemical parameters of the blood. Neither premenopausal (p = 0.697) nor postmenopausal (p = 0.389) smokers experienced an increase in %FMD after daily consumption of isoflavones. However, both premenopausal (p = 0.004) and postmenopausal (p = 0.019) nonsmokers exhibited a marked elevation in %FMD. By contrast, isoflavone intake effectively reduced CAVI among both premenopausal smokers (p = 0.027) and nonsmokers (p = 0.013), but had no effect on CAVI among postmenopausal smokers (p = 0.169) or nonsmokers (p = 0.128). The women smokers and nonsmokers did not differ in age or %FMD at the time of enrollment in the study. Thus, isoflavones have different effects on vascular endothelial function and arterial wall stiffness in premenopausal and postmenopausal smokers and nonsmokers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yao Municipal Hospital, 1-3-1 Ryuge-cho, Yao, Osaka, 581-0069, Japan. hoshidas@city.yao.osaka.jp
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshida
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Yukinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shinoda
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoshiro
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adachi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004032:Diet; D004548:Elasticity; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D007529:Isoflavones