title: Genetic transformation protocols using zygotic embryos as explants: an overview.
abstract: Genetic transformation of plants is an innovative research tool which has practical significance for the development of new and improved genotypes or cultivars. However, stable introduction of genes of interest into nuclear genomes depends on several factors such as the choice of target tissue, the method of DNA delivery in the target tissue, and the appropriate method to select the transformed plants. Mature or immature zygotic embryos have been a popular choice as explant or target tissue for genetic transformation in both angiosperms and gymnosperms. As a result, considerable protocols have emerged in the literature which have been optimized for various plant species in terms of transformation methods and selection procedures for transformed plants. This article summarizes the recent advances in plant transformation using zygotic embryos as explants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. tahir@cc.umanitoba.ca
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tahir
authors.forename: Ejaz A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Waraich
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stasolla
mesh_terms: D032462:Cycadopsida / Q000235:genetics; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D012038:Regeneration; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics*; D014170:Transformation, Genetic