title: Insulin receptor H1085H C>T and insulin receptor substrate 1 G972R polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, numerous studies have focused their attention on genes that are part of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 signaling pathway, such as the insulin receptor (INSR) and the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) genes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to examine the association of INSR H1085H C>T and IRS1 G972R polymorphisms with prostate cancer (PC). We also aimed to examine possible association with cancer severity assessed by Gleason score.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have studied 180 consecutive patients referred for PC screening. The genotyping of two polymorphisms (INSR H1085H C>T and IRS1 G972R) was performed by the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in genotype (p=0.794) or allelic (p=0.621) frequency of the IRS1 G972R polymorphism between PC (n=119) and control (n=61) groups. However, a significant difference was found in INSR H1085H C>T polymorphism genotype and allelic distribution. Carriers of the polymorphic allele (C/T+T/T) were more frequent in control group patients than in the PC group (54.10% vs. 37.82%; p=0.040; odds ratio [95% confidence interval]=0.52 [0.28-0.96]). The IRS1 and INSR polymorphism distribution did not differ in subgroups according to Gleason score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  INSR H1085H C>T polymorphism seems to be associated with PC risk, whereas IRS1 G972R is not. However, because of the limited power of this study, there is a possibility that some modest effects of the IRS1 G972R polymorphism on PC risk went undetected. Neither polymorphism is associated with the degree of PC malignancy.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Chemistry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital, Zagreb, Croatia. andrea.saracevic@gmail.com
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saracevic
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nikolac
authors.forename: Ante
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reljic
authors.forename: Ana-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Simundic
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000235:genetics*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D011972:Receptor, Insulin