title: Laparoscopic reconstructive urology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Laparoscopic reconstructive urology is undergoing rapid change. We review the current status of laparoscopic reconstructive urology, with particular respect to pyeloplasty and reconstructive ureteric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  An extensive Medline search of reconstructive laparoscopic procedures was undertaken. The initial reports and large series reports of a range of procedures was examined and summarised. The most commonly practised procedure within this remit is laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Several series of over 100 patients have been published. Success rates average over 90% for laparoscopic pyeloplasty with a low complication rate. Much less common laparoscopic reconstructive urological procedures include ureteric re-implantation, Boari flap, urinary diversion and transuretero-ureterostomy. The results of these are encouraging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic pyeloplasty may be safely performed by either the transperitoneal or retroperitoneal routes with excellent results. It should be considered the "gold standard" for the management of UPJ obstruction, especially in those patients with significant hydronephrosis, renal impairment or a crossing vessel. Laparoscopic ureteric reimplantation, Boari flap, urinary diversion and transuretero-ureterostomy have been performed by experienced laparoscopic urologists with encouraging results.
authors.affiliation: Department(s) of Urology, Guy's Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Declan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Challacombe
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rane