title: A high-legume low-glycemic index diet reduces fasting plasma leptin in middle-aged insulin-resistant and -sensitive men.
abstract: Fasting leptin and ghrelin levels were measured in 36 insulin-sensitive (IS) and 28 insulin-resistant (IR) men who consumed a legume-enriched low-glycemic index (LG) diet or healthy American (HA) diet in a randomly ordered cross-over feeding study consisting of two 4-week periods. Weight remained stable over the entire study. Fasting plasma leptin was significantly reduced from pre-study levels by both the LG (18.8%, P < 0.001) and HA (16.1%, P < 0.001) diets, whereas fasting ghrelin did not change. By subgroup analysis according to prestudy insulin status, leptin was reduced in IR subjects after both the LG (17.1%, P < 0.01) and the HA (33.3%, P < 0.001) diets, whereas IS subjects responded only after the LG diet (23.1%, P < 0.01). Thus, a legume-rich LG index diet may be a beneficial strategy for reducing circulating leptin concentrations, even under conditions of weight maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Chandlee Laboratory, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lanza
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Colburn
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rovine
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bagshaw
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ulbrecht
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hartman
mesh_terms: D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D007887:Fabaceae; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000097:blood*; D038321:Glycemic Index; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin