title: Association of visceral and subcutaneous fat with glucose intolerance, insulin resistance, adipocytokines and inflammatory markers in Asian Indians (CURES-113).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the association between visceral and subcutaneous fat with glucose intolerance, adipocytokines, inflammatory markers and carotid IMT in Asian Indians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with NGT (n=85), IGT (n=49) and T2DM (n=93) were randomly selected from CURES. Total abdominal, visceral and subcutaneous fat were measured using Helical CT scan. Adiponectin, hs-CRP, TNF-alpha, oxidized LDL, visfatin and leptin and IMT and insulin resistance were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total abdominal fat (p=0.041) and the visceral fat (p=0.039) but not subcutaneous fat progressively increased from NGT, IGT and T2DM subjects. With increasing quartiles of visceral fat, there was a significant increase in insulin resistance (p=0.040); significant decrease in adiponectin (p=0.043) and increase in TNF-alpha (p=0.028), hs-CRP (p=0.043), OX-LDL (p=0.034) and visfatin (p=0.040), and carotid IMT (p=0.047) was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Visceral fat levels increased with increasing glucose intolerance and are associated with decreased levels of adiponectin and increased levels of hs-CRP, TNF-alpha, oxidized LDL, visfatin, HOMA-IR and IMT.
authors.affiliation: Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan's Diabetes Specialities Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Non-Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, International Diabetes Federation (IDF) Centre for Education, Gopalapuram, Chennai 600086, India.
authors.forename: Karunakaran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Indulekha
authors.forename: Ranjith Mohan
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Anjana
authors.forename: Jayagopi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Surendar
authors.forename: Viswanathan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mohan
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D054392:Adipokines / Q000097:blood; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D015984:Causality; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000208:ethnology; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000097:blood; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D020738:Leptin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase