title: [Chronic kidney disease and atherosclerosis].
abstract: Atherosclerosis is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents a major cause of death in these patients, especially, in patients with end-stage renal disease(ESRD). The pathological features in ESRD patients are intimal atherosclerosis and medial calcific sclerosis. The important risk factors for CVD in ESRD patients are hypertension, dyslipidemia and CKD bone and mineral disorder (CKD-MBD). Atherosclerosis has been evaluated by measurements of intima-media thickness and pulse-wave velocity. Although the target blood pressure still undetermined, hypertension would be treated with renin-angiotensin system inhibitors. In addition, treatment of dyslipidemia with statins may lead to favorable CVD outcome. Finally, inhibition of vascular calcification should be important by treatment with active vitamin D and sevelamer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kidney Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University.
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Kosaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nitta
mesh_terms: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D000069603:Sevelamer; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011073:Polyamines; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D000069603:Sevelamer