title: Antibody response in horses following experimental infection with West Nile Virus lineages 1 and 2.
abstract: West Nile virus (WNV) has re-emerged as an important pathogen for humans and horses, which are considered to be incidental 'dead-end' hosts. We have demonstrated that horses are susceptible to experimental infection with WNV and that horses infected with either WNV lineage 1 or lineage 2 elicit a similar antibody profile in serum samples. These data suggest that virus-neutralizing antibody responses persist for longer than WNV-specific IgM levels in serum and that there are not any notable differences in the antibody profile following experimental infection of horses with either WNV lineage 1 and lineage 2 viruses. Furthermore, the duration of IgM appears to be short-lived in horses and may be useful for identifying and differentiating recent infections from previously exposed animals.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Preventative Medicine, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castillo-Olivares
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Phipps
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tearle
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Fooks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D058070:Asymptomatic Diseases; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000821:virology*; D006736:Horses; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000662:veterinary*; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M