title: Ranolazine: a new approach to treating an old problem.
abstract: Chronic angina pectoris affects millions of patients every year. During the past 2 decades, advances in medical therapy have led to substantial reductions in the symptoms of angina. Nonetheless, many patients continue to experience persistent angina that causes debilitating symptoms and lifestyle changes. Moreover, many current therapeutic agents cause side effects that can induce substantial morbidity on their own. In major clinical trials, the drug ranolazine has been shown to bring symptomatic relief to large numbers of patients who have chronic angina. Herein, we review the physiology of the sodium channel; the pharmacology of ranolazine; clinical trials that support use of the drug; recent evidence about ranolazine's therapeutic effect on diastolic heart failure, glycemic control, and atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias; officially approved clinical indications; and avenues of future study.
authors.affiliation: Leon H. Charney Division of Cardiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10010, USA. Bharath.Reddy@nyumc.org
authors.forename: Bharath M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Howard S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Weintraub
authors.forename: Arthur Z
authors.initials: AZ
authors.lastname: Schwartzbard
mesh_terms: D000083:Acetanilides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000188:drug therapy; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D054144:Heart Failure, Diastolic / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D000069458:Ranolazine; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000083:Acetanilides; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D000069458:Ranolazine