title: Prostate volume and its correlation with histopathological outcomes in prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a paucity of data investigating the relationship between histopathological variables of oncologic importance and prostate volume, and we aimed to investigate this.
  
  
  METHODS
  2,207 consecutive patients who underwent robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy were studied. Preoperative demographic and both pre- and postoperative histopathological parameters were compared among the small (<40 cm(3)), intermediate (40-70 cm(3)), and large (>70 cm(3)) prostate groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with smaller prostates were younger, had slightly lower BMIs, and lower prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels than those with larger prostates (p < 0.001). They also had worse histopathological criteria (Gleason, core positivity, and maximum percent cancer) on preoperative biopsy and had worse radical specimen Gleason sums (p < 0.001), percent cancer (p < 0.001), and pathological stage (p = 0.016). 11.5% of the men in the small prostate group suffered a positive surgical margin (PSM) compared to 8.3 and 5.6% in the intermediate and large prostate groups, respectively (p = 0.008). Basilar, posterolateral, and multifocal PSMs were commoner in the small prostate group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Younger men have smaller prostates and worse preoperative histopathological parameters despite lower PSA values. Men with small prostates undergoing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy have worse final Gleason sums, tumour volume, extraprostatic extension, and PSM rates than those with larger prostates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lefrak Center of Robotics and Institute for Prostate Cancer, James Buchanan Brady Foundation, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sooriakumaran
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Dhristie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bhagat
authors.forename: Majnu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: Sonal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: El-Douaihy
authors.forename: Sivaram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Ashutosh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tewari
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011379:Prognosis; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D012371:Robotics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen