title: Formation and properties of magnesium-ammonium-phosphate hexahydrate biocements in the Ca-Mg-PO4 system.
abstract: Calcium substituted trimagnesium phosphate with the general formula Ca(x)Mg((3-x))(PO(4))(2) (0 < x < 1.5) was synthesized by calcination of powder mixtures with the appropriate stoichiometry and reacted with 3.5 M diammonium hydrogenphosphate solution to form a cementitious matrix of magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate (struvite). The degree of ionic substitution was shown to influence physical cement properties; clinically suitable cement formulations with setting times in the range 5-15 min and compressive strengths of >50 MPa were obtained for x ≤ 0.75 together with a grinding time ≥ 1 h and a powder to liquid ratio ≥ 2.5 g/ml. The cement cytocompatibility was investigated by culturing human osteoblast cell line MG63 on cement surfaces demonstrating pronounced cell growth during 13 days cultivation.
authors.affiliation: Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University of Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, D-97070, Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vorndran
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ewald
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zorn
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kufner
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gbureck
mesh_terms: D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019245:Compressive Strength; D006801:Humans; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D011208:Powders; D000069877:Struvite; D013997:Time Factors; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001843:Bone Cements; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D011208:Powders; C015335:calcium magnesium phosphate; C030781:magnesium phosphate; C020243:calcium phosphate; D000069877:Struvite