title: Acute effects of elevated NEFA on vascular function: a comparison of SFA and MUFA.
abstract: There is emerging evidence to show that high levels of NEFA contribute to endothelial dysfunction and impaired insulin sensitivity. However, the impact of NEFA composition remains unclear. A total of ten healthy men consumed test drinks containing 50 g of palm stearin (rich in SFA) or high-oleic sunflower oil (rich in MUFA) on separate occasions; a third day included no fat as a control. The fats were emulsified into chocolate drinks and given as a bolus (approximately 10 g fat) at baseline followed by smaller amounts (approximately 3 g fat) every 30 min throughout the 6 h study day. An intravenous heparin infusion was initiated 2 h after the bolus, which resulted in a three- to fourfold increase in circulating NEFA level from baseline. Mean arterial stiffness as measured by digital volume pulse was higher during the consumption of SFA (P < 0·001) but not MUFA (P = 0·089) compared with the control. Overall insulin and gastric inhibitory peptide response was greater during the consumption of both fats compared with the control (P < 0·001); there was a second insulin peak in response to MUFA unlike SFA. Consumption of SFA resulted in higher levels of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sI-CAM) at 330 min than that of MUFA or control (P ≤ 0·048). There was no effect of the test drinks on glucose, total nitrite, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 or endothelin-1 concentrations. The present study indicates a potential negative impact of elevated NEFA derived from the consumption of SFA on arterial stiffness and sI-CAM levels. More studies are needed to fully investigate the impact of NEFA composition on risk factors for CVD.
authors.affiliation: Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK.
authors.forename: Katie J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Newens
authors.forename: Abby K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Kim G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D014280:Triglycerides; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide