title: Surgical punctal occlusion with a high heat-energy releasing cautery device for severe dry eye with recurrent punctal plug extrusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the rate of recanalization and the efficacy of punctal occlusion surgery with a high heat-energy-releasing cautery device in patients with severe dry eye disease and recurrent punctal plug extrusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy puncta from 44 eyes of 28 dry eye patients underwent punctal occlusion with thermal cautery. All patients had a history of recurrent punctal plug extrusion. A high heat-energy-releasing thermal cautery device (Optemp II V; Alcon Japan) was used for punctal occlusion surgery. Symptom scores, best-corrected visual acuity, fluorescein staining score, rose bengal staining score, tear film break-up time, and Schirmer test values were compared before and 3 months after the surgery. Rate of punctal recanalization also was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three months after surgical cauterization, symptom score decreased from 3.9 ± 0.23 to 0.56 ± 0.84 (P < .0001). Logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity improved from 0.11 ± 0.30 to 0.013 ± 0.22 (P = .003). Fluorescein staining score, rose bengal staining score, tear film break-up time, and the Schirmer test value also improved significantly after the surgery. Only 1 of 70 puncta recanalized after thermal cauterization (1.4%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Punctal occlusion with the high heat-energy-releasing cautery device not only was associated with a low recanalization rate, but also with improvements in ocular surface wetness and better visual acuity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Emii
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dogru
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hosaka
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Asaga
authors.forename: Yukako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tatematsu
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubota
authors.forename: Eiki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002425:Cautery / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D015590:Fluorophotometry; D006801:Humans; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D013666:Tears / Q000502:physiology; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology