title: The effect of exercise on large artery haemodynamics in cystic fibrosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) have resting abnormal large artery haemodynamics. Here, we obtain further insight in patients with CF by evaluating haemodynamic response to physiological stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six stable CF patients mean (SD) age 28.9 (9.0)years and 25 controls matched for age, gender and body mass index were studied. Central haemodynamic parameters; including augmentation index (AIx) and wasted left ventricular pressure energy (∆E(W)) were determined pre, during and post light intensity cycle ergometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During exercise, despite a similar heart rate and blood pressure, patients had comparatively greater ∆E(W) (P=0.03) and trend towards greater AIx (P=0.07) than controls. Exercise ∆E(W) was greatest in patients with CF related diabetes (n=11). In all subjects, exercise ∆E(W) was related to age (r=0.54, P<0.001) and FEV(1)% predicted (r=-0.32, P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adults with CF have an abnormal haemodynamic response to exercise. This finding has deleterious implications for myocardial performance.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Social Care Sciences, Kingston University and St George's, London, UK. jiminio@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: Les
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ansley
authors.forename: Charlotte E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Bolton
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sharman
authors.forename: Ronald K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cockcroft
authors.forename: Dennis J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Shale
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garrod
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D055815:Young Adult