title: Interventions for disorder and severe intoxication in and around licensed premises, 1989-2009.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To systematically review rigorous evaluation studies into the effectiveness of interventions in and around licensed premises that aimed to reduce severe intoxication and disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic search was conducted. Papers that rigorously evaluated interventions based in and around licensed premises to reduce disorder or intoxication were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen studies were identified, three randomized controlled trials and 12 non-randomized quasi-experimental evaluations. Outcome measures were intoxication (n = 6), disorder (n = 6) and intoxication and disorder (n = 3). Interventions included responsible beverage service training (n = 5), server violence prevention training (n = 1), enhanced enforcement of licensing regulations (n = 1), multi-level interventions (n = 5), licensee accords (n = 2) and a risk-focused consultation (n = 1). Intervention effects varied, even across studies using similar interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Server training courses that are designed to reduce disorder have some potential, although there is a lack of evidence to support their use to reduce intoxication and the evidence base is weak.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Sciences, University of Hull, Hull, UK.
authors.forename: Iain
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Simon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Ellie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000435:Alcoholic Intoxication / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D003132:Commerce / Q000193:education / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D007318:Inservice Training; D035846:Law Enforcement; D008004:Licensure; D015397:Program Evaluation / Q000379:methods; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012147:Restaurants / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014505:Urban Population; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data