title: T cell-tumor interaction directs the development of immunotherapies in head and neck cancer.
abstract: The competent immune system controls disease effectively due to induction, function, and regulation of effector lymphocytes. Immunosurveillance is exerted mostly by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) while specific immune suppression is associated with tumor malignancy and progression. In squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, the presence, activity, but also suppression of tumor-specific CTL have been demonstrated. Functional CTL may exert a selection pressure on the tumor cells that consecutively escape by a combination of molecular and cellular evasion mechanisms. Certain of these mechanisms target antitumor effector cells directly or indirectly by affecting cells that regulate CTL function. This results in the dysfunction or apoptosis of lymphocytes and dysregulated lymphocyte homeostasis. Another important tumor-escape mechanism is to avoid recognition by dysregulation of antigen processing and presentation. Thus, both induction of functional CTL and susceptibility of the tumor and its microenvironment to become T cell targets should be considered in CTL-based immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12200 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Albers
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D019139:Tumor Escape / Q000276:immunology