title: A fast and accurate method for the determination of total and soluble fluorine in toothpaste using high-resolution graphite furnace molecular absorption spectrometry and its comparison with established techniques.
abstract: A fast and reliable method has been developed for the determination of total and soluble fluorine in toothpaste, important quality control parameters in dentifrices. The method is based on the molecular absorption of gallium mono-fluoride, GaF, using a commercially available high-resolution continuum source atomic absorption spectrometer. Transversely heated platform tubes with zirconium as permanent chemical modifier were used throughout. Before each sample injection, a palladium and zirconium modifier solution and a gallium reagent were deposited onto the graphite platform and thermally pretreated to transform them into their active forms. The samples were only diluted and introduced directly into the graphite tube together with additional gallium reagent. Under these conditions the fluoride was stable up to a pyrolysis temperature of 550 °C, and the optimum vaporization (molecule formation) temperature was 1550 °C. The GaF molecular absorption was measured at 211.248 nm, and the limits of detection and quantification were 5.2 pg and 17 pg, respectively, corresponding to a limit of quantification of about 30 μg g(-1) (ppm) F in the original toothpaste. The proposed method was used for the determination of total and soluble fluorine content in toothpaste samples from different manufactures. The samples contained different ionic fluoride species and sodium monofluorophosphate (MFP) with covalently bonded fluorine. The results for total fluorine were compared with those obtained with a modified conventional headspace gas chromatographic procedure. Accuracy and precision of the two procedures were comparable, but the proposed procedure was much less labor-intensive, and about five times faster than the latter one.
authors.affiliation: Analytik Jena AG, Konrad-Zuse-Str 1, 07745 Jena, Germany. H.Gleisner@analytik-jena.de
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gleisner
authors.forename: Jürgen W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Einax
authors.forename: Silvane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morés
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Welz
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carasek
mesh_terms: D004566:Electrodes; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005461:Fluorine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D012996:Solutions; D014100:Toothpastes; C012980:fluorophosphate; D005461:Fluorine; D005459:Fluorides