title: Neurosyphilis manifesting with unilateral visual loss and hyponatremia: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Syphilis is called the chameleon of the diseases due to its variety of its clinical presentations, potentially affecting every organ of the body. Incidence of this ancient disease is once again on the increase worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  We here report an unusual case of neurosyphilis manifesting with unilateral visual loss and hyponatremia. The patient also had primary syphilitic lesions and was concomitantly diagnosed with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection. Treatment with ceftriaxone and prednisolone, completely resolved the hyponatremia and visual acuity was partially restored.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Awareness of syphilis as a differential diagnosis is important as previously unreported presentations of neurosyphilis can arise, especially in HIV infected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Klinikstr, 36, 35392 Giessen, Germany. Katrin.Milger@innere.med.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Milger
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fleig
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohlenberg
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Discher
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lohmeyer
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009494:Neurosyphilis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents