title: Update on resident training models for ureteroscopy.
abstract: Surgical skills increasingly are taught in training laboratories outside the operating room. This change in paradigm has driven the development of surrogate training models for a wide range of surgical procedures. In urology, a growing number of procedures using minimally invasive techniques are performed. Consequently, the development of simulators for training and assessment represents a growing need. In this article, we review the currently available ureteroscopic simulators, including a critical assessment of relevant validation studies for each.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9110, USA.
authors.forename: Ephrem O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Olweny
authors.forename: Margaret S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pearle
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods*; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000193:education*; D014572:Urology / Q000193:education*