title: Advanced treatment of liquid swine manure using physico-chemical treatment.
abstract: In this study, liquid swine manure was treated by physico-chemical treatment, including coagulation, flocculation, and sedimentation followed by an oxidation step as a polishing treatment at a bench-scale level. A superabsorbent polymer (SAP) and a mineral and salt formulation able to generate molecular iodine were used as coagulant and oxidant agents, respectively. The results indicated that SAP at a concentration of 1.25 g/L was able to reduce 32% of the initial total suspended solids (TSS) in experiments using supernatant at its natural pH. Following the SAP application, 82% of initial ammonia (NH(3)), 78% of initial total organic carbon (TOC), and 93% of the total coliforms were reduced using 40 mg/L of free iodine. In experiments performed with diluted supernatant (five-fold dilution), it was found that SAP at a concentration of 0.5 g/L was capable of reducing 80% of the initial TSS in experiments at pH 11. A leaching study was conducted to assess the safety of sludge disposal. From the leaching tests using non-diluted supernatant, it was found that 24% of the chloride (Cl(-)) and 50% of the phosphate (PO(4)(3-)) ions retained in the sludge leached to the ultrapure water after 48 h. Potential contamination due to leaching of NH(3), nitrite (NO(2)(-)) and nitrate (NO(3)(-)) was found to be statistically insignificant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chelme-Ayala
authors.forename: Mohamed Gamal
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: El-Din
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Code
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leonard
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D048908:Aliivibrio fischeri / Q000187:drug effects; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis* / Q000382:microbiology; D008903:Minerals; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D011108:Polymers; D012722:Sewage / Q000032:analysis; D012995:Solubility; D013552:Swine; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D008372:Manure; D008903:Minerals; D011108:Polymers; D012722:Sewage; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000641:Ammonia; D010100:Oxygen