title: Prevalence and risk factors of nocturia and nocturia-related quality of life in the Chinese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence, risk factors of nocturia and nocturia-related quality of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  Age, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), alcohol abuse and smoking were analyzed using logistic analysis. Multiple linear-regression analysis was used to identify factors predicting the score on the Nocturia Quality of Life (N-QOL) questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1,198 adults completed this study. 411 individuals (34.3%) answered that they arose for urination at least twice during the night. The incidence of nocturia increased with age from 8.6% in individuals younger than 40 to 67.7% in those older than 70. Hypertension [odds ratio (OR) 2.322; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.387-3.887] and diabetes (OR 2.298; 95% CI: 1.066-4.954) were possible risk factors for nocturia. In male individuals, BPH (OR 3.900; 95% CI: 1.890-8.049) was another risk factor. Gender was not found to be associated with nocturia. Increasing episodes of nocturia (regression coefficient: -2.564; 95% CI: -3.08 to -2.049) and decreasing total sleeping hours (regression coefficient: 1.738; 95% CI: 0.948-2.527) were independent factors predicting a significantly lower N-QOL score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertension, diabetes and BPH are associated with nocturia, suggesting that multiple approaches are needed when treating patients with nocturia. Nocturia has a significant impact on the nocturia-related quality of life when the patient has 2 or more episodes per night.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053158:Nocturia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires