title: Clinical assessment of blood glucose homeostasis in horses: comparison of a continuous glucose monitoring system with a combined intravenous glucose and insulin test protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The combined glucose-insulin test (CGIT) is helpful for evaluating insulin sensitivity. A continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) reports changes in interstitial glucose concentrations as they occur in the blood. Use of the CGMS minimizes animal contact and may be useful when performing a CGIT.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Results obtained using a CGMS are useful for the evaluation of glucose responses during the evaluation of insulin sensitivity in equids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven mature, obese ponies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ponies were equipped with CGMS for determination of interstitial glucose concentrations. Glucose (150 mg/kg, i.v.) and insulin (0.1 U/kg, i.v.) were administered and blood glucose concentrations determined at (minutes after time zero) 1, 5, 15, 25, 35, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105, and 120 with a hand-held glucometer. Blood chemistry results were compared with simultaneously obtained results using CGMS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concordance coefficients determined for comparison of blood glucose concentrations determined by a hand-held glucometer and those determined by CGMS after the zero time point were 0.623, 0.764, 0.834, 0.854, and 0.818 (for delays of 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20 minutes, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interstitial glucose concentrations obtained by the CGMS compared favorably to blood glucose concentrations. CGMS may be useful for assessment of glucose dynamics in the CGIT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. johnsonpj@missouri.edu
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Wiedmeyer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: LaCarrubba
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Messer
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Dingfelder
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cogswell
authors.forename: J R R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Amorim
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Ganjam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin