title: Control of urinary risk factors of stone formation by Salvadora persica in experimental hyperoxaluria.
abstract: Urolithiasis, the process of formation of stones in the kidneys and urinary tract, is the major clinical manifestation of hyperoxaluria. Ethylene glycol feeding resulted in hyperoxaluria with increased renal excretion of oxalate, sodium, calcium and phosphate and a decrease in the excretion of magnesium. Supplementation with an aqueous and alcoholic extract of the leaves of Salvadora persica significantly reduced elevated urinary oxalate levels, indicating a regenerative action on endogenous oxalate synthesis. The deposition of stone-forming constituents in the kidneys of calculogenic rats was also significantly lowered by curative and preventive treatments with the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Salvadora persica. The high serum creatinine level observed in ethylene glycol-treated rats was also reduced following treatment with the extracts. Histopathological findings showed signs of improvement after treatment with the extracts. These observations led to the conclusion that the aqueous and alcoholic extracts of the leaves of Salvadora persica are endowed with antiurolithiatic properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy, Ultra College of Pharmacy, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India. geethu11lingam@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geetha
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manavalan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Venkappayya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019855:Ethylene Glycol / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010070:Oxalates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012307:Risk Factors; D032121:Salvadoraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D010070:Oxalates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D003404:Creatinine; D019855:Ethylene Glycol