title: The use of topical lidocaine to reduce pain during repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for the treatment of depression.
abstract: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a form of neurostimulation therapy that was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of depression. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation is considered noninvasive and relatively safe; however, there have been reports of scalp pain during and at the site of stimulation. This case report documents the use of topical lidocaine to reduce scalp pain during rTMS administration. All patients had a diagnosis of major depressive disorder according to research diagnostic criteria and were washed off antidepressant medications before treatment. Patients were given active rTMS treatment during a masked, open-label, or long-term follow-up treatment schedule. Treatment was delivered to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex at 120% of the patient's observed motor threshold. Ten patients received 3000 magnetic pulses per session with an on time of 4 seconds and an off time of 26 seconds. Patients who reported pain during stimulation were given topical lidocaine HCl 2%, which was applied 20 minutes before treatment. Patients reported mixed outcomes of using topical lidocaine to reduce scalp pain during stimulation. Half of the patients reported no significant reduction in pain, whereas the other half indicated a noticeable decrease during rTMS. As a case report, our study has limited results. Given the recent approval of rTMS for the treatment of depression, additional studies are warranted to determine optimal methods of reducing scalp pain.
authors.affiliation: Neurostimulation Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Trevino
authors.forename: Shawn M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: McClintock
authors.forename: Mustafa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Husain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine