title: Impact of early fructose intake on metabolic profile and aerobic capacity of rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Metabolic syndrome is a disease that today affects millions of people around the world. Therefore, it is of great interest to implement more effective procedures for preventing and treating this disease. In search of a suitable experimental model to study the role of exercise in prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome, this study examined the metabolic profile and the aerobic capacity of rats kept early in life on a fructose-rich diet, a substrate that has been associated with metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used adult female Wistar rats fed during pregnancy and lactation with two diets: balanced or fructose-rich 60%. During breastfeeding, the pups were distributed in small (4/mother) or adequate (8/mother) litters. At 90 days of age, they were analyzed with respect to: glucose tolerance, peripheral insulin sensitivity, aerobic capacity and serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol concentrations as well as measures of glycogen synthesis and glucose oxidation by the soleus muscle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that the fructose rich diet led the animals to insulin resistance. The fructose fed rats kept in small litters also showed dyslipidemia, with increased serum concentrations of total cholesterol and triglycerides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither the aerobic capacity nor the glucose oxidation rates by the skeletal muscle were altered by fructose-rich diet, indicating that the animal model evaluated is potentially interesting for the study of the role of exercise in metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: UNESP Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University, Av: 24-A, 1515 Bela Vista Zip code: 13506-900 Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil. carolghezzi@gmail.com
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Ghezzi
authors.forename: Lucieli T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Cambri
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: José D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Botezelli
authors.forename: Maria A R
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mello
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D055442:Metabolome; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D007328:Insulin; D005632:Fructose; D019344:Lactic Acid