title: [Infrared spectrophotometry for crystalline composition of staghorn calculi].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide theoretic rationales for treatment and prevention of staghorn calculi by analyzing stone composition and studying the relationship between stone and urinary tract infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical data of 51 staghorn calculi patients were analyzed retrospectively. The stone compositions were studied by infrared spectrophotometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six types of stone compositions were obtained. There were calcium oxalate monohydrate, calcium oxalate dehydrate, carbonate apatite, magnesium ammonium phosphate hexahydrate, uric acid and L-cystine. The majority of stones were of mixed compositions, pure stones were found in 15 cases (29.4%). Among all stones, calcium oxalate stones were found in 41 cases (80.4%) and uric stones in 10 cases (19.6%). Infectious stones were found in 26 cases (51.0%). Urinary tract infections were found in 40 (78.4%) patients and positive urine/stone culture was detected in 33 (64.7%) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With multiple crystalline compositions and etiological factors, the staghorn calculi are closely correlated with urinary tract infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiao-bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Qing-quan
authors.initials: QQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jian-xing
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Liu-lin
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiong-jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan-qun
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Na
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared; D055815:Young Adult