title: Effects of surface-conditioning methods on shear bond strength of brackets bonded to different all-ceramic materials.
abstract: The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of two surface-conditioning methods on the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal brackets bonded to three different all-ceramic materials, and to evaluate the mode of failure after debonding. Twenty feldspathic, 20 fluoro-apatite, and 20 leucite-reinforced ceramic specimens were examined following two surface-conditioning methods: air-particle abrasion (APA) with 25 μm Al(2)O(3) and silica coating with 30 μm Al(2)O(3) particles modified by silica. After silane application, metal brackets were bonded with light cure composite and then stored in distilled water for 1 week and thermocycled (×1000 at 5-55°C for 30 seconds). The SBS of the brackets was measured on a universal testing machine. The ceramic surfaces were examined with a stereomicroscope to determine the amount of composite resin remaining using the adhesive remnant index. Two-way analysis of variance, Tukey's multiple comparison test, and Weibull analysis were used for evaluation of SBS. The lowest SBS was with APA for the fluoro-apatite ceramic (11.82 MPa), which was not significantly different from APA for the feldspathic ceramic (13.58 MPa). The SBS for the fluoro-apatite ceramic was significantly lower than that of leucite-reinforced ceramic with APA (14.82 MPa). The highest SBS value was obtained with silica coating of the leucite-reinforced ceramic (24.17 MPa), but this was not significantly different from the SBS for feldspathic and fluoro-apatite ceramic (23.51 and 22.18 MPa, respectively). The SBS values with silica coating showed significant differences from those of APA. For all samples, the adhesive failures were between the ceramic and composite resin. No ceramic fractures or cracks were observed. Chairside tribochemical silica coating significantly increased the mean bond strength values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ondokuz Mayıs, Samsun, Turkey. ssarac@omu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Y Şinasi
authors.initials: YŞ
authors.lastname: Saraç
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Külünk
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elekdağ-Türk
authors.forename: Duygu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saraç
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Türk
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D045662:Dental Etching / Q000379:methods*; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001031:Apatites; D003722:Dental Alloys; C500744:Eris ceramic; C075815:IPS-Empress ceramic; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; C477790:Transbond XT; C483027:vitadur alpha; D014867:Water; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C016447:feldspar; C078519:leucite; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C025105:fluorapatite