title: The treatment of chondral and osteochondral defects of the knee with autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC): method description and recent developments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Articular resurfacing by treatment of chondral defects may include chondral abrasion, autologous chondrocyte Implantation (ACI), matrix-induced chondrocyte transplantation (MACT) or osteochondral autologous transplantation (OATS). This technical note describes the method of autologous matrix-induced chondrogenesis (AMIC), a one-step procedure combining subchondral microfracture with the fixation of a collagen I/III membrane with fibrin glue or sutures.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a technical note on the AMIC procedure and its further development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method is applied primarily in chondral or osteochondral lesions of the knee. Indications and contraindications are provided; the technique is described. The further development of AMIC is described with an increased focus on the subchondral zone and the complex of cartilage and bone, the osteochondral unit, which receives increased attention in cartilage research.
  
  
  METHODS
  IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland, jbenthien@uhbs.ch
authors.forename: Jan Philipp
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Benthien
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Behrens
mesh_terms: D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D001864:Bone Wires; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010007:Osteochondritis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D055034:Osteochondrosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive