title: Suppressive effect of ethanolic Kaempferia pandurata Roxb. extract on matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in Porphyromonas gingivalis-treated human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.
abstract: In periodontal disease, gingival fibroblasts activated by the Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium Porphyromonas gingivalis induce overexpression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), which is involved in inflammatory progression. This process is followed by tissue destruction and bone loss. In the present study, we investigated the in vitro effect of the ethanolic Kaempferia pandurata Roxb. extract on expression of MMP-2 in P. gingivalis-treated human gingival fibroblast-1 (HGF-1) cells. In addition, we utilized gelatin zymography, Western blotting, and reverse transcription-PCR analysis to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying MMP-2 inhibition via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathways. Treatment with K. pandurata extract (1-10 µg/ml) dose-dependently suppressed the activity, secretion, and protein expression of MMP-2 in HGF-1 cells exposed to P. gingivalis. At the transcriptional level, inhibition of MMP-2 gene expression by K. pandurata was mediated by phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and CREB signaling pathways in P. gingivalis-treated HGF-1 cells. These results suggest that K. pandurata extract suppresses MMP-2 expression at the protein and gene levels via downregulation of the principal JNK and CREB signaling pathways. Due to its efficacy in inhibiting MMP-mediated periodontal destruction, K. pandurata might represent a new, potent periodontal therapy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biotechnology, Atma Jaya Catholic University, Jakarta, Indonesia. yanti@atmajaya.ac.id
authors.lastname: Yanti
authors.forename: Jae-Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030521:Zingiberaceae
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D000431:Ethanol; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2