title: Antibacterial properties and human gingival fibroblast cell compatibility of TiO2/Ag compound coatings and ZnO films on titanium-based material.
abstract: Titanium (Ti)-based materials are widely used in biomedical implant components and are applied successfully in various types of bone-anchored reconstructions. However, in dental implants the Ti materials contact not only bone but also gingival tissues, and are partially exposed to the oral cavity that includes bacteria. This study used titania and silver (TiO(2)/Ag) compound coatings and zinc oxide (ZnO) films to enhance the antibacterial activity of the Ti-based implant. The hydrophobicity of each sample was examined by measuring the contact angle. Streptococcus mutans and human gingival fibroblast (HGF) was cultured on the coated samples, and the antibacterial effects and cell compatibility were determined using a Syto9 fluorescence staining and MTT methods. For the TiO(2)/Ag samples, depositing Ag on the plate at a higher power (which increased the proportion of Ag) increased the contact angle and the hydrophobicity. The bacterial count was lowest for the 50 W TiO(2)/Ag sample, which contained 5.9% Ag. The contact angles of the ZnO samples did not show the same tendency. The antibacterial effect was higher on ZnO-coated samples since bacterial count was threefold lower on ZnO samples as compared to control samples (Ti plate). From the MTT assay test, the mean optical density values for TiO(2)/Ag-coated samples after 72 h of HGF adhesion were similar to the value obtained from the uncoated Ti. However, biocompatibility was lower on ZnO films than in control samples. Conclusively, the antibacterial activity was higher but the cell compatibility was lower on ZnO films than on TiO(2)/Ag coatings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ming Dao University, 369 Wen-Hua Rd., Peetow, ChangHua, 52345, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yin-Yu
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chih-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Jui-Ting
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chih-Hsin
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Wan-Chuen
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Heng-Li
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D058491:Bacterial Load / Q000187:drug effects; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017155:Wettability; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C103389:SYTO 9; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C009495:titanium dioxide; D012834:Silver; D014025:Titanium; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D015034:Zinc Oxide