title: Carrageenan gels for oral sustained delivery of acetaminophen to dysphagic patients.
abstract: We have designed gel formulations for the oral administration of acetaminophen with suitable rheological characteristics for ease of administration to patients with swallowing difficulties and sufficient integrity in the stomach to achieve a sustained release of this drug. Gels formed by agar and ι-carrageenan were assessed for suitable gel strength and in vitro and in vivo release characteristics. Comparison of 1.5% ι-carrageenan gel with 0.5% agar gel demonstrated improved sustained release properties of the ι-carrageenan gel. Gel formed by ι-carrageenan has suitable rheological and sustained release characteristics for potential use as vehicles for oral delivery of drugs to dysphagic patients.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, Ishikari-Tobetsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishitani
authors.forename: Akie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimoyama
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Attwood
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000362:Agar / Q000737:chemistry; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005782:Gels; D000082:Acetaminophen; D002351:Carrageenan; D000362:Agar