title: Solid-phase hexapeptide ligand libraries open up new perspectives in the discovery of biomarkers in human plasma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pre-treatment of plasma with hexapeptide ligand libraries prior to proteomic analysis is well documented. However, the maintenance of biomarker abundance throughout the different pre-analytical steps is required for a potential application of differential proteomics in clinical studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We combined the use of an amino-terminal hexapeptide ligand library and its carboxyl-terminal version with a sequential elution strategy of the proteins/peptides bound to the beads, followed by either mass spectrometry or 2D electrophoresis analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We show the maintenance of C-reactive protein abundance (a marker of inflammation) throughout the process (including hexapeptide bead treatment and proteomic analysis) in patients presenting high and low levels of this protein. In parallel, we assessed the contribution of this workflow to increasing the number of potential biomarkers detected and its suitability for a clinical study on approximately a hundred samples, as well as the reproducibility of the process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-treatment with hexapeptide ligand libraries opens up new perspectives in the discovery of biomarkers in human plasma by improving the detection of new species while maintaining their original differential abundance. This approach is also suitable for an application in a clinical proteomic study of at least 100 samples.
authors.affiliation: Inserm, U698, Paris, F-75018 France.
authors.forename: Thibaut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Léger
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Le Caër
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guerrier
authors.forename: Egisto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boschetti
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fareh
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laprévote
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Meilhac
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D019151:Peptide Library; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008024:Ligands; D009842:Oligopeptides; D019151:Peptide Library; D002097:C-Reactive Protein