title: IL-17 and Regulatory Cytokines (IL-10 and IL-27) in L. braziliensis Infection.
abstract: Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is characterized by high production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and development of pathology. Individuals with subclinical L. braziliensis infection (SC) have a positive skin test to leishmania, but do not develop disease. We evaluated whether the downregulation of inflammatory response in SC is mediated by IL-10 and IL-27 and whether IL-17 is associated with control of infection. Participants include SC individuals, patients with CL and healthy subjects. Cytokines protein and mRNA were detected by ELISA and real-time PCR. IFN-γ and TNF-α levels were higher in CL than in SC group. The IL-10 levels and mRNA for IL-10 were similar in both SC and CL. mRNA for IL-27 was increased in cells from SC after stimulation with L. braziliensis antigen. There was a tendency for increased levels of IL-17 in SC compared to CL. The weak type 1 immune response observed in SC L. braziliensis infection is not because of the regulatory effects of IL-10 and IL-27. The control of Leishmania infection may be mediated by innate immune response with participation of IL-17. The results from this pilot study warrant further larger studies to investigate the potential contributions of IL-17 and IL-27 to the control of L. braziliensis infection.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Imunologia, Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Novoa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bacellar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nascimento
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramasawmy
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schriefer
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
mesh_terms: D058345:Asymptomatic Infections; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000276:immunology*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology*; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000276:immunology*; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C508609:IL10 protein, human; D020381:Interleukin-17; D007378:Interleukins; C464565:MYDGF protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma