title: [A 17-year study of bloodstream infection after liver transplantation: resistance rate, risk factor and mortality of enterococcal bloodstream infections].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the resistance rate, risk factor and mortality of enterococcal bloodstream infections (BSI) after liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1993 to May 2010, a retrospective analysis of enterococcus in liver transplants were conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-eight BSI occurred in 53 of 695 patients. And a total of 30 enterococci were isolated. Linezolid and glycopeptide antibiotics were the most consistently active against the Enterococcus. The resistance rates to Enterococcus for erythromycin, clindamycin, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin and ampicillin-clavulanic acid were all over 70%. The univariate analysis identified the following variables as the risk factors for enterococcal bacteremia: retransplantation (P=0.03) and biliary duct complications (P=0.02). Enterococcal bloodstream infection increased the mortality at Day 15. No significant difference was found in the mortality rate at Day 30 and 1 year after enterococcal bacteremia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enterococcus after liver transplantation is resistant to multiple agents but active to linezolid and glycopeptide antibiotics. The risk factors commonly associated with enterococcal BSI are retransplantation and biliary duct complications. Enterococcal BSI can increase the mortality at Day 15 after liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Organ Transplantation Centre, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Xiao-shun
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: An-bin
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Lin-wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei-qiang
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Xiao-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Dong-ping
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-dong
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhi-yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Jie-fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors