title: Comparative evaluation of anatomical and functional outcomes using brilliant blue G versus triamcinolone assisted ILM peeling in macular hole surgery in Indian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare anatomical and functional outcomes using brilliant blue G (BBG) vs triamcinolone acetonide (TA)-assisted ILM peeling in macular hole surgery (MHS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Simple, comparative, retrospective, non-randomised, interventional single-centre study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-four eyes of 94 patients with idiopathic macular holes (≥ stage 2) who underwent MHS at our centre were included. Patients with failed macular holes, post-traumatic macular holes, history of previous vitreoretinal surgery, high myopia (6 dioptres or more) or any other macular pathology potentially limiting visual acuity, such as diabetic retinopathy or age-related macular degeneration, were excluded. An OCT evaluation of hole status was followed by pars plana vitrectomy for each of these eyes. Those who underwent TA-assisted ILM peeling were considered as group 1 and those with BBG-assisted ILM peeling were considered as group 2. Primary outcome measures included anatomical hole closure and functional success in terms of change in visual acuity of ≥2 LogMAR lines. Various preoperative factors were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anatomical hole closure was achieved in 85 eyes (90.43%) and visual gain in 78 eyes (82.9%). Mean postoperative follow-up duration was 16.14 ± 1.95 months. No significant difference was found in anatomical and functional success between the two groups. Group 1 had a significantly higher incidence of postoperative glaucoma. Duration of symptoms of <12 months (p = 0.004) and preoperative visual acuity ≤1.0 LogMAR were related to anatomical success. However, greater visual gain was found in patients with chronic holes (≥12 months) (p = 0.046) and poor preoperative visual acuity (>1.0 LogMAR) (p = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BBG-assisted ILM peeling offers an effective alternative to triamcinolone, with the added advantage of marked enhancement of vitreoretinal interface contrast with comparable hole closure rates and visual outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Dr.Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India. atul56kumar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Varun
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gogia
authors.forename: Vinit M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Tapas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Nag
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide; C004692:coomassie Brilliant Blue