title: One dimensional Turing-like handshake test for motor intelligence.
abstract: In the Turing test, a computer model is deemed to "think intelligently" if it can generate answers that are not distinguishable from those of a human. However, this test is limited to the linguistic aspects of machine intelligence. A salient function of the brain is the control of movement, and the movement of the human hand is a sophisticated demonstration of this function. Therefore, we propose a Turing-like handshake test, for machine motor intelligence. We administer the test through a telerobotic system in which the interrogator is engaged in a task of holding a robotic stylus and interacting with another party (human or artificial). Instead of asking the interrogator whether the other party is a person or a computer program, we employ a two-alternative forced choice method and ask which of two systems is more human-like. We extract a quantitative grade for each model according to its resemblance to the human handshake motion and name it "Model Human-Likeness Grade" (MHLG). We present three methods to estimate the MHLG. (i) By calculating the proportion of subjects' answers that the model is more human-like than the human; (ii) By comparing two weighted sums of human and model handshakes we fit a psychometric curve and extract the point of subjective equality (PSE); (iii) By comparing a given model with a weighted sum of human and random signal, we fit a psychometric curve to the answers of the interrogator and extract the PSE for the weight of the human in the weighted sum. Altogether, we provide a protocol to test computational models of the human handshake. We believe that building a model is a necessary step in understanding any phenomenon and, in this case, in understanding the neural mechanisms responsible for the generation of the human handshake.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Ben-Gurion University.
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karniel
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Avraham
authors.forename: Bat-Chen
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Peles
authors.forename: Shelly
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Levy-Tzedek
authors.forename: Ilana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nisky
mesh_terms: D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological