title: Autophagy is involved in anti-viral activity of pentagalloylglucose (PGG) against Herpes simplex virus type 1 infection in vitro.
abstract: Pentagalloylglucose (PGG) is a natural polyphenolic compound with broad-spectrum anti-viral activity, however, the mechanisms underlying anti-viral activity remain undefined. In this study, we investigated the effects of PGG on anti-viral activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) associated with autophagy. We found that the PGG anti-HSV-1 activity was impaired significantly in MEF-atg7-/- cells (autophagy-defective cells) derived from an atg7-/- knockout mouse. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that PGG-induced autophagosomes engulfed HSV-1 virions. The mTOR signaling pathway, an essential pathway for the regulation of autophagy, was found to be suppressed following PGG treatment. Data presented in this report demonstrated for the first time that autophagy induced following PGG treatment contributed to its anti-HSV activity in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Biomedicine Research and Development Center of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China. peiying-19802@163.com
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Zhen-Ping
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huai-Qiang
authors.initials: HQ
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Yu-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Ge
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Chao-wan
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Ying-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chong-Ren
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Fei
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kaio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitazato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001343:Autophagy; D000071193:Autophagy-Related Protein 7; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010588:Phagosomes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; C502661:Atg7 protein, mouse; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C491779:Elf4 protein, mouse; D047348:Hydrolyzable Tannins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C435084:pentagalloylglucose; D000071193:Autophagy-Related Protein 7