title: Molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 clades in Southern Brazil.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) clades B and C account for more than 60% of the HIV-1 infections worldwide. In this paper, we describe the profiles of patients infected with subtypes of HIV-1 from the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil, and correlate them with demographic and epidemiological findings. A retrospective analysis of HIV cases reported from 1999-2007 was also performed. Data from 293 patients were reviewed and 245 were older than 13 (58% female). The distribution of clades was as follows: B 140 (57%), C 67 (23%), F 24 (10%) and mosaic or unique recombinant forms (URFs) 24 (10%). Of the 48 patients younger than 13 years of age (62.5% male), vertical transmission occurred in 46 and the distribution of clades was as follows: B 14 (29%), C 24 (50%), F 7 (15%) and URFs 6 (13%). There was no significant difference in mortality between HIV-1 subtypes. In both groups, patients infected with clade C tended to have higher rates of injection drug use exposure risk.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brasil, 80060-240.
authors.forename: Sonia Mara
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Raboni
authors.forename: Sérgio Monteiro de
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Indianara
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rotta
authors.forename: Cléa Elisa Lopes
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rosario
authors.forename: Luine Rosele
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Meri Bordignon
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Maristela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riedel
authors.forename: Maria da Graça
authors.initials: Mda G
authors.lastname: Winhescki
authors.forename: Kátia Antunes
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors