title: Cingulate and temporal lobe fractional anisotropy in schizotypal personality disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Consistent with the clinical picture of milder symptomatology in schizotypal personality disorder (SPD) than schizophrenia, morphological studies indicate SPD abnormalities in temporal lobe regions but to a much lesser extent in prefrontal regions implicated in schizophrenia. Lower fractional anisotropy (FA), a measure of white-matter integrity within prefrontal, temporal, and cingulate regions has been reported in schizophrenia but has been little studied in SPD.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study aim was to examine temporal and prefrontal white matter FA in 30 neuroleptic-naïve SPD patients and 35 matched healthy controls (HCs). We hypothesized that compared with HCs, SPD patients would exhibit lower FA in temporal lobe and anterior cingulum regions but relative sparing in prefrontal regions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We acquired diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in all participants and examined FA in the white matter underlying Brodmann areas (BAs) in dorsolateral prefrontal (BAs 44, 45, and 46), temporal lobe (BAs 22, 21, and 20), and cingulum (BAs 25, 24, 31, 23, and 29) regions with a series of analyses using multivariate analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with HCs, the SPD group had significantly lower FA in the left temporal lobe but not prefrontal regions. In the cingulum, FA was lower in the SPD group in the posterior regions (BAs 31 and 23), higher in the anterior (BA 25) regions and lower overall in the right but not the left cingulum. Among the SPD group, lower FA in the cingulum was associated with more severe negative symptoms (e.g., odd speech).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Similar to schizophrenia, our results indicate cingulum-temporal lobe FA abnormalities in SPD and suggest that cingulum abnormalities are associated with negative symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Mental Illness Research, Education and Clinical Center VISN 3, James J. Peters Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, NY 10468, USA. erin.hazlett@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Erin A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hazlett
authors.forename: Kim E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima-Pozo
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Speidel
authors.forename: Yuliya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zelmanova
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Entis
authors.forename: Jeremy M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Antonia S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: New
authors.forename: Harold W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Koenigsberg
authors.forename: M Mehmet
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Haznedar
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Byne
authors.forename: Larry J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Siever
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016880:Anisotropy; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D056324:Diffusion Tensor Imaging; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000473:pathology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult