title: Markers of adipose tissue macrophage content are negatively associated with serum HDL-C concentrations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adipose tissue macrophages are associated with adiposity and may play a role in obesity related co-morbidities. We examined whether abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue macrophage content (ATMc) was associated with fasting serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) and triglycerides (TG) concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  52 (35 male) of Pima Indians without diabetes participated in the study. ATMc was assessed by histochemistry (CD68+ cells) (Mphi) and gene expression of macrophage-specific markers including CD68, CSF1r, CD11b and CD11c.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HDL-C was negatively associated with CD68, CSF1R, CD11b and CD11c expression (r=-0.31, p=0.02; r=-0.38, p<0.01; r=-0.40, p<0.01; r=-0.26, p=0.04, respectively). After adjustment for age, sex and BMI, the associations between HDL-C and CSF1R, CD11b were still significant (r=-0.31, p=0.01 and r=-0.3, p=0.02), but borderline for CD68 (r=-0.24, p=0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ATMc is associated with lower HDL-C independent of BMI indicating a link between ATMc and cardiovascular risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Phoenix Epidemiology and Clinical Research Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Phoenix, AZ 85016, USA. hejianying@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Jianying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xiaoyuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krakoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D050507:Subcutaneous Fat, Abdominal / Q000166:cytology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D002784:Cholesterol; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule