title: Energy transport by thermocapillary convection during Sessile-Water-droplet evaporation.
abstract: The energy transport mechanisms of a sessile-water droplet evaporating steadily while maintained on a Cu substrate are compared. Buoyancy-driven convection is eliminated, but thermal conduction and thermocapillary convection are active. The dominant mode varies along the interface. Although neglected in previous studies, near the three-phase line, thermocapillary convection is by far the larger mode of energy transport, and this is the region where most of the droplet evaporation occurs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Thermodynamics and Kinetics Laboratory, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghasemi
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ward