title: Grape seed extract alleviates high-fat diet-induced obesity and heart dysfunction by preventing cardiac siderosis.
abstract: Obesity is a tremendous public health problem, characterized by ectopic accumulation of fat into non-adipose tissues, leading to oxidative stress and chronic inflammation, in which the heart is the most severely affected organ. We used an experimental model of high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity to analyze the link between oxidative stress and heart dysfunction. We also studied the cardioprotective effect of a grape seed and skin extract (GSE). Exposure of rats to HFD during 45 days induced heart hypertrophy, inflammation as assessed by plasma CRP elevation and contractile dysfunction as revealed after ischemia/reperfusion of Langendorff-perfused hearts. HFD also induced cardiac steatosis and lipotoxicity, which are linked to an oxidative stress status, worsened by increased siderosis and resulting in Ca(2+) overload. Importantly, GSE alleviated all the deleterious effects of HFD treatment. These studies suggest that GSE is a safe anti-obesity and cardioprotective agent that should also find potential applications in other inflammatory damaging conditions as stroke.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Substances Bioactives, Centre de Biotechnologie de Borj Cedria, Hammam-lif, Tunisia.
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Charradi
authors.forename: Hichem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sebai
authors.forename: Salem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Elkahoui
authors.forename: Fethy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Hassine
authors.forename: Ferid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Limam
authors.forename: Ezzedine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aouani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D056604:Grape Seed Extract / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006486:Hemosiderosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000187:drug effects; D017725:Ventricular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005609:Free Radicals; D056604:Grape Seed Extract; D002118:Calcium