title: Videourodynamics in patients with neurogenic bladder due to multiple sclerosis: our experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to: (a) analyse the most frequent morphofunctional features of the lower urinary tract observed during videourodynamic examination in patients with neurogenic bladder due to multiple sclerosis; (b) investigate the role of the videourodynamic examination in the clinical management of these patients; and (c) demonstrate the relationship between morphological and functional variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed videourodynamic examinations in 75 patients affected by neurogenic bladder secondary to multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The introduction of pharmacological therapy, based on clinical and functional evaluation of the lower urinary tract, is correlated with satisfactory morphofunctional outcomes, reducing moderate-to-severe postvoid residual (PVR; p < 0.1) and compliance (p < 0.05) at the price of reduced bladder sensation. Clinical management of these patients based on morphological evaluation of the lower urinary tract decreased the occurrence of detrusor-sphincter dyssynergy (DSD) and detrusor overactivity incontinence at the following examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study confirmed a relationship between detrusor overactivity and hypertonic bladder, bladder diverticula, vesicoureteral reflux, between detrusor underactivity and PVR and between DSD and bladder diverticula. Our data show how the videourodynamic examination may improve evaluation and urological management of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Radiologia Diagnostica e Interventistica, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caramella
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Donatelli
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Armillotta
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manassero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Traversi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Frumento
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pistolesi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Selli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007472:Iohexol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications*; D011859:Radiography; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053201:Urinary Bladder, Overactive / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D007472:Iohexol; C038192:iopromide; C044834:iodixanol