title: The impact of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia on polysomnographic variables in obese adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to determine the impact of insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia on polysomnographic variables in obese adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), as studies in adults with PCOS suggest that parameters of glucose metabolism and serum androgens are related to respiratory polysomnographic variables (RPV), and the symptoms of PCOS usually begin around menarche.
  
  
  METHODS
  We divided our study group of obese adolescents with PCOS according to HOMA-index and in a second analysis according to free androgen index (FAI). Study group A consisted of 14 girls with HOMA-index <4, study group B of 17 girls with HOMA-index >4. Study group C consisted of 19 girls with FAI <10, and study group D of 18 girls with FAI >10. The control group for both analyses consisted of 19 healthy obese adolescents without PCOS. All girls underwent overnight 12-channel polysomnography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both analyses, we found no differences between the groups concerning the RPV. Study group B demonstrated a significantly lower percentage of REM-sleep than the control group (p = 0.02). Study group D demonstrated a significantly lower percentage sleep stages 3 and 4 of non-REM-sleep than study group C and the controls (p = 0.008). Study group D demonstrated significantly lower sleep efficiency than the controls (p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin resistance and hyperandrogenemia do not seem to have a significant impact on RPV in obese adolescents with PCOS. Differences in sleep architecture found between patients with PCOS and controls, however, are possibly influenced by insulin resistance and/or serum androgens.
authors.affiliation: Vestische Kinder- und Jugendklinik, University of Witten/Herdecke, Datteln, Germany. GandM@web.de
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Sousa
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schlüter
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buschatz
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Menke
authors.forename: Eckardt
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trowitzsch
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Andler
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reinehr
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D017588:Hyperandrogenism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D001786:Blood Glucose