title: Application of ultrasound in vaccination against goldfish ulcer disease: a pilot study.
abstract: Antigenicity and immunogenicity of Aeromonas salmonicida soluble A-layer protein (AP) and formalin-killed bacterin were assessed in goldfish (Carassius auratus L.) by applying ultrasound-immersion (USI) and injection (Inj) routes. No adjuvant was used in USI while IFA was used in Inj. The USI treated fish did not produce detectable acquired antibodies; however, this group stimulated by AP proved to be best protected against challenge infection with a homologous virulent strain of A. salmonicida. The results reveal the asset of USI technique in fish vaccination and indicate the option of designing a pure AP-based ballast-free vaccine.
authors.affiliation: The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 52900, Israel.
authors.forename: Noy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Navot
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sinyakov
authors.forename: Ramy R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Avtalion
mesh_terms: D048409:Aeromonas salmonicida / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005667:Furunculosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006054:Goldfish / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines