title: Perchlorate removal using granular activated carbon supported iron compounds: synthesis, characterization and reactivity.
abstract: Synthesis and use of the iron compounds supported on granular activated carbon (ICs/GAC) have shown significant environmental implications for perchlorate (ClO4-) removal. ICs/GAC was synthesized via hydrolyzing FeSO4 x 7H2O on GAC, reduced by NaBH4 solution in polyethylene glycol 6000 and ethanol solution, dried in vacuum condition and exposed to air. Synthesized ICs/GAC was characterized using transmission electron micrograph (TEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). ICs/GAC was determined to be containing a large amount of FeOHSO4, Fe2O3 and a small amount of zero-valent iron (ZVI) nanoparticles according to TEM and XPS measurements. Batch static kinetic tests showed that 97% of ClO4- was removed within 10 hr at 90 degrees C and 86% of ClO4- was removed within 12 hr at 25 degrees C, at ICs/GAC dosage of 20 g/L. The experimental results also showed that FeOHSO4 and Fe2O3 nanoparticles have the function of perchlorate adsorption and play important roles in ClO4- removal. The activation energy (E(a)) was determined to be 9.56 kJ/mol.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Resue, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China. xujianhongbs@126.com
authors.forename: Jianhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Naiyun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Minhao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sui
mesh_terms: D002606:Charcoal / Q000737:chemistry*; D058085:Iron Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D056951:Photoelectron Spectroscopy
chemical_list: D058085:Iron Compounds; D010472:Perchlorates; D002606:Charcoal; C494474:perchlorate