title: Molecular genetics of adult acute myeloid leukemia: prognostic and therapeutic implications.
abstract: Molecular analyses of leukemic blasts from patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have revealed a striking heterogeneity with regard to the presence of acquired gene mutations and changes in gene and microRNA expression. Multiple submicroscopic genetic alterations with prognostic significance have been discovered. Application of gene- and microRNA profiling has identified genome-wide expression signatures that separate cytogenetic and molecular subsets of patients with AML into previously unrecognized biologic and/or prognostic subgroups. These and similar future findings are likely to have a major impact on the clinical management of AML because many of the identified genetic alterations not only represent independent prognosticators, but also may constitute targets for specific therapeutic intervention. In this report, we review genetic findings in AML and discuss their clinical implications.
authors.affiliation: The Ohio State University, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. guido.marcucci@osumc.edu
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcucci
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haferlach
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Döhner
mesh_terms: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000032:analysis; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D011379:Prognosis; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; C515848:CEBPA protein, human; D035683:MicroRNAs; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000090243:Nucleophosmin; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; C543588:IDH1 protein, human; C497970:FLT3 protein, human; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D051941:fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase 3