title: Depression and heavy drinking occasions: a cross-sectional general population study.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between depression and heavy drinking occasions in the Finnish general population. A subsample (2086/4020, response rate 51.9%) of the National FINRISK 2007 Study was used. Depression was assessed with a modified Beck Depression Inventory (short form) and alcohol problems with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test. Total alcohol intake and number of heavy drinking occasions (≥7 drinks for men, ≥5 drinks for women) were evaluated using the Timeline Followback. Of the sample, 13.0% (123/946) of men and 17.4% (198/1140) of women were classified as being depressed. Further, 7.5% (71/946) of men and 3.5% (40/1140) of women reported having at least four heavy drinking occasions in the previous 28days. In an adjusted logistic regression model, these men had a 2.6-fold risk (95% C.I. 1.2-5.3) of depression, as compared to men with less than four heavy drinking occasions. The association was found irrespective of total alcohol consumption and alcohol problems. This association was not found in women.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Health and Welfare, Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse Services, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Jonna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levola
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holopainen
authors.forename: Mauri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aalto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000506:poisoning*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol