title: [A case report of pathologically complete response with chemo-radiation for rectal cancer].
abstract: A 60-year-old female presented to a local hospital with a chief complaint of melena. Since she was found to have a neoplastic lesion in the rectum on endoscopy, she was referred to our hospital. Barium-enema examination and endoscopy showed a 5-cm type-2 lesion proximal to the dentate line, which was diagnosed by biopsy as a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma. Pelvic CT and MRI showed lower rectal wall thickening with pararectal lymphadenopathy, and FDP-PET showed increased uptake in these sites. Under a diagnosis of cT3, cN2, M0, Stage III b cancer, she started with preoperative chemoradiotherapy, consisting of 50 Gy in 25 fractions and oral UFT (400 mg)/Uzel (75 mg). After therapy, the tumor showed only a 2-cm ulceration, and FDG-PET revealed no abnormal uptake. Under a diagnosis of cT1, cN0, M0, Stage I cancer, super-low anterior resection of the rectum with D2 lymphadenectomy was performed. Histopathological examination showed that cancer cells forming a glandular structure had completely disappeared, leaving a fibrous scar, consistent with a Grade 3 (pCR).
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University.
authors.forename: Shin-ichirou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshitani
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Yukako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hosokawa
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Funaki
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinami
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omote
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosaka
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*