title: Predicting fatigue 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: Fatigue is an important contributor to quality of life in patients who survive aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), but the determinants of this fatigue are unclear. We assessed the occurrence of fatigue 1 year after SAH and its relation to physical or cognitive impairment, passive coping, and emotional problems, measured 3 months after SAH. This was a prospective cohort study of 108 patients who visited our SAH outpatient clinic 3 months after SAH and who were living independently in the community 1 year after SAH. Fatigue was evaluated using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. Fatigue (FSS ≥ 4) was present in 77 patients (71%). Mean FSS scores were 4.1 (SD 1.6) in the group of patients having 'neither physical nor cognitive impairment,' 5.2 (1.4) having 'either physical or cognitive impairment,' and 5.9 (0.9) having 'both physical and cognitive impairments.' Mean FSS scores were higher in patients scoring high on passive coping (85 vs. 58%; RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.87), anxiety (84 vs. 55%; RR 1.53, 95% CI 1.17-2.02), or depression (85 vs. 62%; RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08-1.72) than in patients without these complaints. Relationships between these complaints and FSS scores were higher in patients having neither physical nor cognitive impairments than in patients having physical or cognitive impairments. Fatigue is common after SAH and is related to physical and cognitive impairments. In patients with neither physical nor cognitive impairments, passive coping style and emotional problems are important predictors of fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Rudolf Magnus Institute of Neuroscience and Centre of Excellence for Rehabilitation Medicine, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Rehabilitation Centre De Hoogstraat, P.O. Box 85238, 3508 AE, Utrecht, The Netherlands. p.passier@dehoogstraat.nl
authors.forename: P E C A
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Passier
authors.forename: M W M
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Post
authors.forename: M J E
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van Zandvoort
authors.forename: G J E
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rinkel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lindeman
authors.forename: J M A
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Visser-Meily
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D005221:Fatigue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology