title: Essential oil constituents and biological activities of Peristrophe bicalyculata and Borreria verticillata.
abstract: Peristrophe bicalyculata (Retz) Nees (Acanthaceae) or 'The Goddess of Mercy' and Borreria verticillata (L.) G.F.W. Mey., (Rubiaceae), or 'Irawo-Ile' (Yoruba, South-west, Nigeria), are annual herbs, which are poorly exploited. The volatile oils obtained by hydrodistillation in an all glass Clevenger-type apparatus from the plant samples have been investigated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). With respect to the oil of P. bicalyculata, beta-caryophyllene (33.9%), alpha-zingiberene (10.4%), germacrene D and globulol (5.0%) were the compounds occurring in abundance. The oil of B. verticillata had an abundance of phytol (56.3%) and 1, 8-cineole (20.4%), with sizeable proportions of alpha-pinene (7.1%) and p-cymene (4.0%). In addition, the volatile oils displayed promising in-vitro antimicrobial activity against the tested micro-organisms, (MIC 12.5-22.3 microg/mL), while only the oil of P. bicalyculata displayed in-vitro cytotoxicity to MCF-7 (human breast tumor) and MDA-MB-468 (human breast tumor) cells. The present investigation may be the first of its kind for the evaluation of the volatile oil constituents of the studied plants.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Badagry Expressway, P.M.B. 0001 Lasu Post Office, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria. isiaka.ogunwande@lasunigeria.org
authors.forename: Isiaka A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Ogunwande
authors.forename: Tameka M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Setzer
authors.forename: Emmanuel E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Essien
mesh_terms: D027901:Acanthaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000187:drug effects; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D019666:Rubiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D010938:Plant Oils