title: The in vivo study on the radiobiologic effect of prolonged delivery time to tumor control in C57BL mice implanted with Lewis lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-precision radiation therapy techniques such as IMRT or sterotactic radiosurgery, delivers more complex treatment fields than conventional techniques. The increased complexity causes longer dose delivery times for each fraction. The purpose of this work is to explore the radiobiologic effect of prolonged fraction delivery time on tumor response and survival in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  1-cm-diameter Lewis lung cancer tumors growing in the legs of C57BL mice were used. To evaluate effect of dose delivery prolongation, 18 Gy was divided into different subfractions. 48 mice were randomized into 6 groups: the normal control group, the single fraction with 18 Gy group, the two subfractions with 30 min interval group, the seven subfractions with 5 min interval group, the two subfractions with 60 min interval group and the seven subfractions with 10 min interval group. The tumor growth tendency, the tumor growth delay and the mice survival time were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor growth delay of groups with prolonged delivery time was shorter than the group with single fraction of 18 Gy (P < 0.05). The tumor grow delay of groups with prolonged delivery time 30 min was longer than that of groups with prolonged delivery time 60 min P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between groups with same delivery time (P > 0.05). Compared to the group with single fraction of 18 Gy, the groups with prolonged delivery time shorten the mice survival time while there was no significant difference between the groups with prolonged delivery time 30 min and the groups with prolonged delivery time 60 min.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prolonged delivery time with same radiation dose shorten the tumor growth delay and survival time in the mice implanted with Lewis lung cancer. The anti-tumor effect decreased with elongation of the total interfractional time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation and Oncology, Cancer Center and Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Peng
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Jiade
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Guo-Pei
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shao-Qin
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Chao-Su
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018827:Carcinoma, Lewis Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000528:radiation effects; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000528:radiation effects