title: Laparoscopic splenectomy using conventional instruments.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) is an accepted procedure for elective splenectomy. Advancement in technology has extended the possibility of LS in massive splenomegaly [Choy et al., J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A 14(4), 197-200 (2004)], trauma [Ren et al., Surg Endosc 15(3), 324 (2001); Mostafa et al., Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 12(4), 283-286 (2002)], and cirrhosis with portal hypertension [Hashizume et al., Hepatogastroenterology 49(45), 847-852 (2002)]. In a developing country, these advanced gadgets may not be always available. We performed LS using conventional and reusable instruments in a public teaching the hospital without the use of the advanced technology. The technique of LS and the outcome in these patients is reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing LS for various hematological disorders from 1998 to 2004 were included. Electrocoagulation, clips, and intracorporeal knotting were the techniques used for tackling short-gastric vessels and splenic pedicle. Specimen was delivered through a Pfannensteil incision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 26 patients underwent LS. Twenty-two (85%) of patients had spleen size more than 500 g (average weight being 942.55 g). Mean operative time was 214 min (45-390 min). The conversion rate was 11.5% (n = 3). Average duration of stay was 5.65 days (3-30 days). Accessory spleen was detected and successfully removed in two patients. One patient developed subphrenic abscess. There was no mortality. There was no recurrence of hematological disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic splenectomy using conventional equipment and instruments is safe and effective. Advanced technology has a definite advantage but is not a deterrent to the practice of LS.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, King Edward VII Memorial Hospital and Seth G.S. Medical College, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Dalvi
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Thapar
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rege
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Supe
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kamble