title: Visceral adiposity, not abdominal subcutaneous fat area, is associated with high blood pressure in Japanese men: the Ohtori study.
abstract: Visceral adiposity is considered to have a key role in cardiometabolic diseases. The purpose of this study is to investigate cross-sectionally the association between intra-abdominal fat area (IAFA) measured by computed tomography (CT) and high blood pressure independent of abdominal subcutaneous fat area (ASFA) and insulin resistance. Study participants included 624 Japanese men not taking oral hypoglycemic medications or insulin. Abdominal, thoracic and thigh fat areas were measured by CT. Total fat area (TFA) was calculated as the sum of abdominal, thoracic and thigh fat area. Total subcutaneous fat area (TSFA) was defined as TFA minus IAFA. Hypertension and high normal blood pressure were defined using the 1999 criteria of the World Health Organization. Multiple-adjusted odds ratios of hypertension for tertiles of IAFA were 2.64 (95% confidence interval, 1.35-5.16) for tertile 2, and 5.08 (2.48-10.39) for tertile 3, compared with tertile 1 after adjusting for age, fasting immunoreactive insulin, diabetes status, ASFA, alcohol consumption, regular physical exercise and smoking habit. IAFA remained significantly associated with hypertension even after adjustment for ASFA, TSFA, TFA, body mass index or waist circumference, and no other measure of regional or total adiposity was associated with the odds of hypertension in models, which included IAFA. Similar results were obtained for the association between IAFA and the prevalence of high normal blood pressure or hypertension. In conclusion, greater visceral adiposity was associated with a higher odds of high blood pressure in Japanese men.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Tomoshige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Kyoko Kogawa
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harita
authors.forename: Isseki
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Ginji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Wilfred Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Boyko
authors.forename: Yonezo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hikita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D044466:Asian People; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011859:Radiography; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D055105:Waist Circumference
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin