title: Effects of family and caregiver psychosocial functioning on outcomes in persons with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the predictive value of caregiver/family status to well-being of persons with brain injury and to examine whether perceived social support to caregivers moderates their well-being.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred nine pairs of adults, a caregiver, and an individual with TBI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brief Symptom Inventory-18, Satisfaction With Life Scale; Disability Rating Scale; Social Provision Scale, Family Assessment Device, and Disability Rating Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Canonical correlation indicated the presence of a relationship between well-being in TBI and caregiver participants. Two canonical variates accounted for 47.5% variance. Poor psychological well-being among persons with TBI was associated with poor caregiver perceived social support and poor familial behavioral control. Individuals with high disability also had caregivers with poorer psychological well-being. In post hoc multiple regressions, caregiver/family psychosocial characteristics added unique prediction of outcome for individuals with TBI. Hierarchical multiple regressions provided evidence that social support of caregivers moderates outcome status for individuals with TBI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future research efforts should focus on understanding of the specific mechanisms of reciprocal effects, to help design future therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. svangel@med.wayne.edu
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Vangel
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Rapport
authors.forename: Robin A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hanks
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D017028:Caregivers; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological