title: [Autotrophic nitrogen removal and enhanced biological phosphorus removal from municipal wastewater in a three-sludge system].
abstract: Using a three-sludge system consisted of anaerobic/oxic (A/O) process, partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) reactors, cost-effective removal of nitrogen and phosphate from municipal wastewater was achieved. The experimental results showed that effluent total phosphorus (TP) of the A/O system was less than 0.5 mg/L under hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3.6 h. Partial nitritation with nitrite accumulation efficiency of 75% -96% was realized in the partial nitritation system under room temperature, DO < 0.2 mg/L and HRT of 4.6 h. Under temperature of 27-30 degrees C and HRT of 1.4 h, effluent total nitrogen (TN) and TN removal rate of ANAMMOX reactor were less than 8 mg/L with the minimum value of 1.6 mg/L and 0.57 kg/(m3 x d), respectively. In the three-sludge system, phosphate accumulating organisms, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and Anammox bacteria existed under suitably environmental condition to optimize the microbial community structure and improve treatment efficiency of various units. Autotrophic nitrogen removal can reduce 62.5% of the oxygen supply, save 100% of denitrification carbon sources theoretically, lower the sludge production, and greatly decrease carbon dioxide emission. As compared to traditional biological nutrient removal process, the three-sludge system has great advantages and potential in energy saving and carbon dioxide emission reduction to realize sustainable development of water resources.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Quality Science and Water Environmental Recovery Engineering, College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China. yipeng_1985@sina.com
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Shu-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yong-Zhen
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Xiang-Sheng
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D052818:Autotrophic Processes; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002947:Cities; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen