title: Interleukin-17A plays a pivotal role in polymicrobial sepsis according to studies using IL-17A knockout mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin (IL)-17A is a proinflammatory cytokine and plays an important role in neutrophil recruitment. We investigate the role of IL-17A in a mouse polymicrobial sepsis model.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-17A knockout mice (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Survival was assessed for the following 7 d after the CLP operation, and histopathologic findings were evaluated 12 h after CLP. Bacterial outgrowth in blood was assessed by blood culture 12 h after CLP. After CLP, expression of inflammatory mediators in serum was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, expression of FOXP3 and IL-17A in the spleen was assessed by immunohistochemical staining and flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mortality was increased in KO mice compared with WT mice after CLP. Furthermore, bacterial outgrowth in blood and serum high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) levels were also significantly greater in KO mice than WT mice. The expression of FOXP3 in the spleen was significantly greater in KO mice than WT mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-17A play pivotal role in host defense during septic peritonitis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogiku
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000032:analysis; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D018805:Sepsis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D013154:Spleen / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17; D009195:Peroxidase; D000410:Alanine Transaminase