title: Early increases in concentrations of total, LDL, and HDL cholesterol in HIV-infected children following new exposure to antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is associated with dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease in adults infected with HIV. For children perinatally infected with HIV, ART exposure is lifelong and early-onset dyslipidemia could have significant long-term effects. We examined cholesterol levels in children during the first year after exposure to a new ART regimen (initiation or switch). In 52 children, total cholesterol increased by 30.5 and 43 mg/dL at 6 and 12 months, respectively (P < 0.001). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol made the largest contribution, but high-density lipoprotein cholesterol also increased within months of therapy alteration. Early identification of these children and intervention could mediate potential increased risk for future cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Harvard Medical School, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Kevin.Sztam@childrens.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sztam
authors.forename: Hongyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jurgrau
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Deckelbaum
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Foca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol