title: Bipolaron formation in organic solar cells observed by pulsed electrically detected magnetic resonance.
abstract: We report the observation of a spin-dependent dark transport current, exhibiting spin coherence at room temperature, in a π-conjugated polymer-fullerene blend using pulsed electrically detected magnetic resonance. The resonance at g = 2.0028(3) is due to polarons in the polymer, and exhibits spin locking at high microwave fields. The presence of an excess of fullerene, and the operating voltage (1 V) used, suppresses negative polaron formation in the polymer. It is concluded that spin-dependent transport is due to the formation of positive bipolarons.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Silizium-Photovoltaik, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Berlin, Germany. jan.behrends@helmholtz-berlin.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Behrends
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schnegg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lips
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: I D W
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Keeble