title: Natriuretic peptides and atrial fibrillation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia in the medical practice, it is associated with an increased total and cardiovascular mortality, as well as cardiovascular morbidity, including stroke and heart failure. AF is encountered in different medical specialties including cardiology, family medicine and emergency medicine as well. Treatment goal is to minimize stroke risk but also taking into account the quality of life. Therefore rate or a rhythm control strategies must be carefully selected. This review focuses on natriuretic polypeptides (NPs) as potential useful markers in AF patients management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pubmed was searched for natriuretic peptides and atrial fibrillation. Pertinent abstracts were reviewed by the Authors and the articles fully evaluated when considered pertinent.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  NP biology and physiology is described and general application in heart failure outlined. With regard to AF, the role of NP as predictor of cardioversion is reviewed and discussed. Patients eligible for rhythm control not always respond to treatment. Classic markers for a suitable cardioversion, such an echocardiography, are not immediately available in most settings. NP might be a resource predicting cardioversion (or not) upon patient's presentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biomarkers, such NPs, might be used to predict treatment response other than in heart failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In AF management, NT-ProBNP is a promising tool helping physicians to choose rhythm or rate control strategy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy. davide.marsiliani@edu.rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marsiliani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Buccelletti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carroccia
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gilardi
authors.forename: N Gentiloni
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Silveri
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Franceschi
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D045265:Natriuretic Peptides / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D045265:Natriuretic Peptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76); D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain