title: Immunological identification of Trypanosoma cruzi lineages in human infection along the endemic area.
abstract: Genotyping studies show a polarized geographic distribution of Trypanosoma cruzi lineages in humans. Here, we assessed their distribution along Latin America through an immunological approach we designated Western blot (WB) assay with Trypomastigote small-surface antigen (TSSA) I and TSSA II (TSSA-WB). These antigens are expressed by T. cruzi I (TCI; now TcI) and T. cruzi II (TCII; reclassified as TcII to TcVI) parasites. TSSA-WB showed good concordance with genotyping tests. An unexpected frequency of TSSA II recognition was observed in Colombia, Venezuela, and Mexico (northern region of Latin America). In Argentina and Paraguay (southern region), immunophenotyping confirmed the already reported TCII (TcII to TcVI) dominance. The lineage distribution between these regions showed significant difference but not among countries within them (except for Colombia and Venezuela). TSSA-WB shows TCII emergence in the northern region where TCI was reported as dominant or even as the unique T. cruzi lineage infecting humans.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. mkrisso@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Marikena G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Risso
authors.forename: Paula A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Sartor
authors.forename: Juan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Burgos
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Briceño
authors.forename: Eva M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guhl
authors.forename: Omar Triana
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.forename: Berta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.forename: Victor M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Monteón
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russomando
authors.forename: Alejandro G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Schijman
authors.forename: Oscar A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Bottasso
authors.forename: Maria Susana
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Leguizamón
mesh_terms: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan