title: [Diaphragmatic pacemaker as an alternative to mechanical ventilation in patients with cervical spinal injury].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify that the diaphragmatic pacemaker is a form of respiratory support that can be used to replace a volumetric respirator in cervical spinal injury patients with cervical spinal lesion and diaphragmatic paralysis by means of its comparison with the traditional volumetric respirator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study of a prospective database and age-matched case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intensive Care Unit and Intermediate Care Respiratory Unit, Paraplegics National Hospital, Toledo (Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected data on all patients discharged from the Hospital with permanent respiratory support by volumetric respirator or diaphragmatic pacemaker during a follow-up period of 25 years. Personal interviews were conducted to evaluate health-related quality of life. Comparison and survival tests were used for statistical comparisons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quality of life questionnaire.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main variables collected were demographic data, hospital stay, mortality, family reintegration and health-related quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated the clinical records of 101 patients, 37 in the pacemaker-group and 64 in the volumetric respirator-group. Our results show that ICU admission duration and hospitalization as well as family reintegration, without significant differences, with a tendency to greater survival in pacemaker patients (18.18 versus 9.67 years by the Kaplan-Meier method, p<0.001). However, this difference becomes non-significant (p=0.06) after adjustment of the groups by age. Furthermore, better quality of life was found in these same patients with pacemakers in terms of security, communication, sociability, comfort and mobility in the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diaphragmatic pacemaker ventilation is an effective alternative to mechanical ventilation with similar efficacy that improve quality of life in patients with severe respiratory failure due to cervical spinal cord injury.
authors.affiliation: UCI y Unidad de Cuidados Intermedios Respiratorios, Hospital Nacional de Parapléjicos de Toledo, Toledo, España. fjromero@sescam.jccm.es
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Romero-Ganuza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gambarrutta-Malfatti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diez de la Lastra-Buigues
authors.forename: M Á
authors.initials: MÁ
authors.lastname: Marín-Ruiz
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Merlo-González
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Aranzueque Pantoja
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: García-Moreno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mazaira-Álvarez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003964:Diaphragm; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult