title: Effect of intravenous omega-3 fatty acid infusion and hemodialysis on fatty acid composition of free fatty acids and phospholipids in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients treated with hemodialysis (HD) have been reported to have decreased levels of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in plasma and cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ω-3 PUFAs administered intravenously during HD, as well as the effect of HD treatment, on the fatty acid composition of plasma free fatty acids (FFAs), plasma phospholipids, and platelet phospholipids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four HD patients were randomized to groups receiving either a single dose of a lipid emulsion containing 4.1 g of ω-3 PUFAs or placebo (saline) administered intravenously during HD. Blood was drawn immediately before (baseline) and after (4 hours) HD and before the next HD session (48 hours). Fatty acid composition was measured using gas chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increase in ω-3 FFAs was greater in the ω-3 PUFA group compared with the placebo group, whereas the increase in total FFAs was similar between the 2 groups. In the ω-3 PUFA group, ω-3 PUFAs in plasma phospholipids were higher after 48 hours than at baseline, and in platelet phospholipids, ω-3 PUFAs increased after 4 hours. In the placebo group, no changes were observed in ω-3 PUFAs in plasma and platelet phospholipids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous ω-3 PUFAs administered during HD caused a transient selective increase in ω-3 FFA concentration. Furthermore, ω-3 PUFAs were rapidly incorporated into platelets, and the content of ω-3 PUFAs in plasma phospholipids increased after 48 hours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Aalborg Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark. trine.madsen@rn.dk
authors.forename: Trine
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: Jeppe Hagstrup
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Egon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toft
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aardestrup
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lundbye-Christensen
authors.forename: Erik B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D057566:Self Report
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D010743:Phospholipids