title: [Clinical and angiographic characteristics of mid-ventricular hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the clinical and angiographic characteristics of mid-ventricular hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (MV-HOCM).
  
  
  METHODS
  MV-HOCM was diagnosed in 5 patients [3 males, mean age: 16 - 73 (44 ± 22) years]. Left ventricular catheterization and angiography were performed in all patients, and the pressures were recorded in the left ventricular apical chamber, basal chamber, outflow tract and ascending aorta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of five patients with MV-HOCM, chest discomfort occurred in four patients and syncope in two patients. All patients presented systolic murmur and asymmetric left ventricular hypertrophy. The thickness of ventricular septum was 19 - 31 (23.8 ± 5.4) mm, the dimension of left ventricle was 35 - 55 (43.4 ± 7.4) mm and the LVEF was 53% - 70% (64.2% ± 6.9%). Electrocardiogram showed left ventricular hypertrophy with Q waves in all patients, ventricular tachycardia in 1 patient and complete left bundle branch block in 1 patient. Mid-ventricular obstruction was found in all patients and the pressure gradient in mid-ventricle was 45 - 102 (68.6 ± 24.1) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa). Coronary angiogram documented muscular bridge presented in 1 patient and coronary artery disease in 1 patient. Left ventricular apical aneurysm was seen in 2 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MV-HOCM was a distinguished subtype of hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, and left cardiac catheterization and angiography examinations are necessary for confirming diagnosis and guiding related therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cardiovascular Institute and Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, China.
authors.forename: Chao-Wu
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Shi-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shi-Liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhong-Ying
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Ge-Jun
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000790:Angiocardiography; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged