title: Preparation of sulfonic-functionalized graphene oxide as ion-exchange material and its application into electrochemiluminescence analysis.
abstract: Graphene oxide (GO) obtained from chemical oxidation of flake graphite was derivatized with sulfonic groups to form sulfonic-functionalized GO (GO-SO(3)(-)) through four sulfonation routes: through amide formation between the carboxylic group of GO and amine of sulfanilic acid (AA-GO-SO(3)(-)), aryl diazonium reaction of sulfanilic acid (AD-GO-SO(3)(-)), amide formation between the carboxylic group of GO and amine of cysteamine and oxidation by H(2)O(2) (CA-GO-SO(3)(-)), and alkyl diazonium reaction of cysteamine and oxidation by H(2)O(2) (CD-GO-SO(3)(-)). Results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectrospectrocopy showed that -SO(3)(-) groups were attached onto GO. Thermo gravimetric analysis showed that derivatization with sulfonic groups improved thermo stability of GO. X-ray diffraction results indicated that GO-SO(3)(-) had more ordered π-π stacking structure than the original GO. GO-SO(3)(-) and cationic polyelectrote, poly (diallyldimethylammoniumchloride) (PDDA) were adsorbed at indium tin oxide (ITO) glass surface through layer-by-layer assembling to form (GO-SO(3)(-)/PDDA)(n)/ITO multilayers. After tris-(2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) dichloride (Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)) was incorporated into the multilayers, the obtained Ru(bpy)(3)(2+)/(GO-SO(3)(-)/PDDA)(n)/ITO electrodes can be used as electrochemiluminescence sensors for detection of organic amine with high sensitivity (limit of detection of 1 nM) and stability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong, China.
authors.forename: Guifen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shengyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Yanling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qiaoli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jinsheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Huaisheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jifeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jianbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D015082:2,2'-Dipyridyl / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D000327:Adsorption; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D006108:Graphite / Q000737:chemistry*; D007474:Ion Exchange; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000737:chemistry; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds
chemical_list: D015082:2,2'-Dipyridyl; D056831:Coordination Complexes; D006108:Graphite; D010087:Oxides; D011095:Polyethylenes; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; D017971:Tin Compounds; C547232:tris(2,2-bipyridine)-ruthenium(II); D017975:Ruthenium Compounds; C041004:poly-N,N-dimethyl-N,N-diallylammonium chloride; C109984:indium tin oxide