title: Amantadine for dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dyskinesias are some of the major motor complications that impair quality of life for patients with Parkinson's disease. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the efficacy of amantadine in Parkinson's disease patients suffering from dyskinesias.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this multi-center, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial, 36 patients with Parkinson's disease and dyskinesias were randomized, and 62 interventions, which included amantadine (300 mg/day) or placebo treatment for 27 days, were analyzed. At 15 days after washout, the treatments were crossed over. The primary outcome measure was the changes in the Rush Dyskinesia Rating Scale (RDRS) during each treatment period. The secondary outcome measures were changes in the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part IVa (UPDRS-IVa, dyskinesias), part IVb (motor fluctuations), and part III (motor function).
  
  
  RESULTS
  RDRS improved in 64% and 16% of patients treated with amantadine or placebo, respectively, with significant differences between treatments. The adjusted odds-ratio for improvement by amantadine was 6.7 (95% confidence interval, 1.4 to 31.5). UPDRS-IVa was improved to a significantly greater degree in amantadine-treated patients [mean (SD) of 1.83 (1.56)] compared with placebo-treated patients [0.03 (1.51)]. However, there were no significant effects on UPDRS-IVb or III scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from the present study demonstrated that amantadine exhibited efficacious effects against dyskinesias in 60-70% of patients.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  UMIN Clinical Trial Registry UMIN000000780.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Utano National Hospital, Kyoto City, Japan. sawada@unh.hosp.go.jp
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oeda
authors.forename: Sadako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuno
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Mitsutoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kinya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hisanaga
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000547:Amantadine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D020820:Dyskinesias / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010919:Placebos; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D010919:Placebos; D000547:Amantadine