title: [Low L-carnitine levels: can it be a cause of nocturnal blood pressure changes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The nocturnal blood pressure (NBP) reduction is less than normal in the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (type 2 DM). L-carnitine deficiency may cause changes of NBP by leading to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and endothelial dysfunction in patients with type-2 DM. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether there is a difference in levels of L-carnitine in dipper and nondippers patients with type 2 DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional observational cohort study. We compared the 50 (33 females, 17 males) patients with type 2 DM and the 35 healthy persons (18 females, 17 males) as a control group. In all cases, ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was performed and L-carnitine was measured. The independent samples t test, Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and Pearson correlation analysis were used in the statistical evaluation of data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that the percentage of nondipper pattern was 72% in patients with type 2 DM. L-carnitine levels were lower in patients with type 2 DM (52.77 ± 12.34 µmol/L) than those of control group (79.18 ± 10.59 µmol/L), and these differences were statistically significant (p=0.05). L-carnitine levels were lower in nondipper cases (50.02 ± 16.30 µmol/L) than those of dipper cases (53.83 ± 10.50 µmol/L), but these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.125).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nondipper pattern is common in patients with type 2 DM. Nondipper pattern is associated with damage of target organ. Therefore, determination of nondipper pattern by ABPM is very important. L-carnitine levels were found to be lower in nondipper patients than in dipper patients with type 2 DM. Although, these differences were statistically nonsignificant, more detailed studies should be performed to determine the frequencies and relationship between nondipper pattern and L-carnitine levels in patients with type-2 DM.
authors.affiliation: Gemerek Devlet Hastanesi, İç Hastalıkları Bölümü, Sivas, Türkiye.
authors.forename: Serdal
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Gürsel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yıldız
authors.forename: Fatih
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kılıçlı
authors.forename: Abdulkerim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yılmaz
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aydın
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Içağasıoğlu
authors.forename: Ferhan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Candan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D002331:Carnitine