Fusarium verticillioides chitin synthases CHS5 and CHS7 are required for normal growth and pathogenicity.
Fusarium verticillioides is both an endophyte and a pathogen of maize and is a health threat in many areas of the world because it can contaminate maize with fumonisins, a toxic secondary metabolite. We identified eight putative chitin synthase (CHS) genes in F. verticillioides genomic sequence, and phylogenetic evidence shows that they group into seven established CHS gene classes. We targeted two CHSs (CHS5 and CHS7) for deletion analysis and found that both are required for normal hyphal growth and maximal disease of maize seedlings and ears. CHS5 and CHS7 encode a putative class V and class VII fungal chitin synthase, respectively; they are located adjacent to each other and are divergently transcribed. Fluorescent microscopy found that both CHS deficient strains produce balloon-shaped hyphae, while growth assays indicated that they were more sensitive to cell wall stressing compounds (e.g., the antifungal compound Nikkomycin Z) than wild type. Pathogenicity assays on maize seedlings and ears indicated that both strains were significantly reduced in their ability to cause disease. Our results demonstrate that both CHS5 and CHS7 are necessary for proper hyphal growth and pathogenicity of F. verticillioides on maize.
Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens and Mycology Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Peoria, IL 61604-3999, USA. troy.larson@ars.usda.gov
Troy M
TM
Larson
David F
DF
Kendra
Mark
M
Busman
Daren W
DW
Brown
D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D002686:Chitin / Q000737:chemistry; D002687:Chitin Synthase / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000737:chemistry; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005670:Fusarium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects; D025301:Hyphae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D036226:Seedlings / Q000382:microbiology*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D003313:Zea mays / Q000382:microbiology*
D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D037341:Fumonisins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D002686:Chitin; C011952:nikkomycin; D002687:Chitin Synthase
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