Application of PFGE to source tracking of faecal pollution in coastal recreation area: a case study in Aoshima Beach, Japan.
OBJECTIVE
The development of a microbial source tracking (MST) method is strongly desired to ensure public health and bacteriological safety in coastal recreation areas. We try to specify the source of faecal pollution by applying pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to the study of the aquatic environment on Aoshima Beach, Japan.


RESULTS
Enterococcus faecium, an enterococcus, was used as a faecal indicator bacterium in this study. Enterococcus faecium strains were isolated and identified from each water sample collected from Aoshima Beach and five rivers (Oyodo, Kiyotake, Kaeda, Chifuku and Tsukunami Rivers) that might be potential sources of faecal pollution. Enterococcus faecium strains collected from water samples were analysed using PFGE. The similarities of all the PFGE types of the Ent. faecium strains were compared using dendrogram analysis. The PFGE types of the strains isolated from Aoshima Beach showed a high similarity to those of the strains isolated from the Oyodo River at a 0·9 similarity level. It was suggested that the Oyodo River is the source of faecal pollution on Aoshima Beach.


CONCLUSIONS
The PFGE analysis using enterococci is a potential tool for the MST of faecal indicator bacteria that can be applied to the study of the coastal environment.


CONCLUSIONS
This is one of the studies that PFGE was applied to the coastal environment. The approach using PFGE could estimate the river that is source of faecal pollution in Aoshima Beach. By applying PFGE as a tool of MST method, detailed information of faecal pollution in coastal area can be provided.
University of Miyazaki, Gakuen Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, Japan.
T
T
Furukawa
T
T
Yoshida
Y
Y
Suzuki
D058491:Bacterial Load; D001493:Bathing Beaches; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005838:Genotype; D007564:Japan; D010802:Phylogeny; D011998:Recreation; D045483:Rivers / Q000382:microbiology; D054712:Salinity; D013696:Temperature; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014872:Water Movements; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
D014873:Water Pollutants