Planar polarization of the atypical myosin Dachs orients cell divisions in Drosophila.
Tissues can grow in a particular direction by controlling the orientation of cell divisions. This phenomenon is evident in the developing Drosophila wing epithelium, where the tissue becomes elongated along the proximal-distal axis. We show that orientation of cell divisions in the wing requires planar polarization of an atypical myosin, Dachs. Our evidence suggests that Dachs constricts cell-cell junctions to alter the geometry of cell shapes at the apical surface, and that cell shape then determines the orientation of the mitotic spindle. Using a computational model of a growing epithelium, we show that polarized cell tension is sufficient to orient cell shapes, cell divisions, and tissue growth. Planar polarization of Dachs is ultimately oriented by long-range gradients emanating from compartment boundaries, and is therefore a mechanism linking these gradients with the control of tissue shape.
Apoptosis and Proliferation Control Laboratory, Cancer Research UK, London Research Institute, London WC2A 3PX, United Kingdom.
Yanlan
Y
Mao
Alexander L
AL
Tournier
Paul A
PA
Bates
Jonathan E
JE
Gale
Nicolas
N
Tapon
Barry J
BJ
Thompson
D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D014921:Wings, Animal / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C492999:dachs protein, Drosophila; D009218:Myosins
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