Vinasses: characterization and treatments.
The final products of the ethanol industry are alcoholic beverages, industrial ethanol and biofuels. They are produced by the same production process, which includes fermentation and distillation of raw materials which come from plant biomass. At the end of the distillation process a waste effluent is obtained called vinasse or stillage. The direct disposal of stillages on land or in groundwater (rivers, streams or lakes), or even for the direct irrigation of crops, pollutes the environment due to their high organic contents, dissolved solids and many other compounds which are toxic or could be contaminants under certain environmental conditions. This work reviews the characterization of vinasses from different feedstock sources and the main treatments for conditioning the soluble solids of vinasses before their disposal.
Unidad de Energía Renovable, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A. C. (CICY), Mérida, Yucatán, México.
Elda
E
España-Gamboa
Javier
J
Mijangos-Cortes
Luis
L
Barahona-Perez
Jorge
J
Dominguez-Maldonado
G
G
Hernández-Zarate
Liliana
L
Alzate-Gaviria
D019149:Bioreactors; D057168:Distillation; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D014866:Waste Products; D018508:Water Purification
D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D014866:Waste Products; D000431:Ethanol