The case of the missing glutamine.
A theoretical study was performed to determine the accuracy and repeatability of multiple one-dimensional pulse sequences in the quantification of glutamine concentration at 3 T. Variable repeatability (12% to > 50%) and significant absolute error (-50% to +70%) were noted for the eight pulse sequences considered. Data acquired in vivo using three of the pulse sequences used for simulation matched the predicted repeatability well; among the pulse sequences considered, point-resolved spectroscopy (TE = 80 ms) offered minimal error and acceptable repeatability (12%) for brain glutamine measurements. Following correction for the expected bias of each pulse sequence, consistent glutamine measurements, in the 1-mM range, were reported with the three sequences. An explanation for the mismatch between in vivo (1)H MRS and in vitro (13)C/(1)H MRS at high field was attempted.
GE Global Research Center, Niskayuna, NY 12309, USA. hancu@ge.com
Ileana
I
Hancu
John
J
Port
D003198:Computer Simulation; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
D005973:Glutamine