Galectin-1 is expressed in early-type neural progenitor cells and down-regulates neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
BACKGROUND
In the adult mammalian brain, neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferate in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus and generate new neurons throughout life. A multimodal protein, Galectin-1, is expressed in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and implicated in the proliferation of the NPCs in the DG. However, little is known about its detailed expression profile in the NPCs and functions in adult neurogenesis in the DG.


RESULTS
Our immunohistochemical and morphological analysis showed that Galectin-1 was expressed in the type 1 and 2a cells, which are putative NSCs, in the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the adult mouse DG. To study Galectin-1's function in adult hippocampal neurogenesis, we made galectin-1 knock-out mice on the C57BL6 background and characterized the effects on neurogenesis. In the SGZ of the galectin-1 knock-out mice, increased numbers of type 1 cells, DCX-positive immature progenitors, and NeuN-positive newborn neurons were observed. Using triple-labeling immunohistochemistry and morphological analyses, we found that the proliferation of the type-1 cells was increased in the SGZ of the galectin-1 knock-out mice, and we propose that this proliferation is the mechanism for the net increase in the adult neurogenesis in these knock-out mice DG.


CONCLUSIONS
Galectin-1 is expressed in the neural stem cells and down-regulates neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus.
Department of Physiology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Yoichi
Y
Imaizumi
Masanori
M
Sakaguchi
Tsuyoshi
T
Morishita
Mamoru
M
Ito
Françoise
F
Poirier
Kazunobu
K
Sawamoto
Hideyuki
H
Okano
D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D015536:Down-Regulation; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D058953:Neural Stem Cells / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D055495:Neurogenesis / Q000502:physiology*
C000714847:Dcx protein, mouse; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D037483:Galectin 1
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