Obstructive sleep apnea and the risk for cardiovascular disease.
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common disorder with major neurocognitive and cardiovascular sequelae. It is estimated that more than one quarter of the population is at risk for OSA, with increased prevalence noted in populations with hypertension, coronary artery disease, stroke, and atrial fibrillation. A number of epidemiologic and mechanistic studies have recently generated interest in the role of OSA in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease, a link that continues to require extensive investigation. This chapter reviews these epidemiologic studies, the current understanding of the mechanisms by which OSA may contribute to the progression of cardiovascular diseases, and the effects of OSA treatment on cardiovascular disease outcomes.
Brigham and Women's Hospital, Brookline, MA 02446, USA. pkohli1@partners.org
Puja
P
Kohli
Jay S
JS
Balachandran
Atul
A
Malhotra
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009064:Mouth Protectors; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016019:Survival Analysis
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