Rates of anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in Kampala-Uganda are low and not associated with HIV infection.
BACKGROUND
Drug resistance among tuberculosis patients in sub-Saharan Africa is increasing, possibly due to association with HIV infection. We studied drug resistance and HIV infection in a representative sample of 533 smear-positive tuberculosis patients diagnosed in Kampala, Uganda.


RESULTS
Among 473 new patients, multidrug resistance was found in 5 (1.1%, 95% CI 0.3-2.5) and resistance to any drug in 57 (12.1%, 9.3-15.3). Among 60 previously treated patients this was 7 (11.7%, 4.8-22.6) and 17 (28.3%; 17.5-41.4), respectively. Of 517 patients with HIV results, 165 (31.9%, 27.9-36.1) tested positive. Neither multidrug (adjusted odds ratio (OR(adj)) 0.7; 95% CI 0.19-2.6) nor any resistance (OR(adj) 0.7; 0.43-1.3) was associated with HIV status. Primary resistance to any drug was more common among patients who had worked in health care (OR(adj) 3.5; 1.0-12.0).


CONCLUSIONS
Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance rates in Kampala are low and not associated with HIV infection, but may be associated with exposure during health care.
Public Health Department, Kampala City Council, Kampala, Uganda.
Deus
D
Lukoye
Frank G J
FG
Cobelens
Nicholas
N
Ezati
Samuel
S
Kirimunda
Francis E
FE
Adatu
Joseph K
JK
Lule
Fred
F
Nuwaha
Moses L
ML
Joloba
D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology
D000995:Antitubercular Agents
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