Prevalence of human papillomavirus genotype among Moroccan women during a local screening program.
BACKGROUND
Many studies have indicated a causal relationship between genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and cervical cancer. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genotypes of six high-risk oncogenic human papillomaviruses in cervical lesions from Moroccan women with normal and abnormal cytology.


METHODS
The study included 938 women from the Children's and Mothers' Pathology Department of Ibn Sina Hospital, Rabat. Cytopathology examination was done by routine PAP smear testing. HPV DNA testing was conducted using DNA amplification by Polymerase Chain Reaction with subsequent typing by hybridization with specific probes for HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35 and 45.


RESULTS
Cytopathology testing showed that only 16.3 % had an abnormal cytology, with a predominance of atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cases. The overall HPV prevalence was 15.7%. According to the cytology results, HPV infection was detected in 15.8% of normal and 14.38% of abnormal cases. Specific HPV genotyping showed a predominance of HPV 16 and 18. Double infection (HPV 16 + 18) was found in two cases whereas multiple infections (HPV 16+18+31) were detected in only one case. Evaluation of the relationship between HPV status and some environmental risk factors, including individual, socio-economic, and hygiene status, showed a significant association between HPV infection and oral contraceptive use.


CONCLUSIONS
Based on these data, a combination of cytology and HPV DNA testing allows for identification of patients with a high risk of developing high-grade cervical lesions and improves cervical cancer prevention.
Maternité Souissi, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Ibn Sina. Rabat, Morocco. alhamany.z@gmail.com
Zaitouna
Z
Alhamany
Mohammed
M
El Mzibri
Aicha
A
Kharbach
Abderrahman
A
Malihy
Redouane
R
Abouqal
Hassan
H
Jaddi
Ali
A
Benomar
Mohammed
M
Attaleb
Najat
N
Lamalmi
Nadia
N
Cherradi
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000821:virology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009018:Morocco / Q000453:epidemiology; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D055815:Young Adult
D004279:DNA, Viral