Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome and uniparental disomy 11p: fine mapping of the recombination breakpoints and evaluation of several techniques.
Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) is a phenotypically and genotypically heterogeneous overgrowth syndrome characterized by somatic overgrowth, macroglossia and abdominal wall defects. Other usual findings are hemihyperplasia, embryonal tumours, adrenocortical cytomegaly, ear anomalies, visceromegaly, renal abnormalities, neonatal hypoglycaemia, cleft palate, polydactyly and a positive family history. BWS is a complex, multigenic disorder associated, in up to 90% of patients, with alteration in the expression or function of one or more genes in the 11p15.5 imprinted gene cluster. There are several molecular anomalies associated with BWS and the large proportion of cases, about 85%, is sporadic and karyotypically normal. One of the major categories of BWS molecular alteration (10-20% of cases) is represented by mosaic paternal uniparental disomy (pUPD), namely patients with two paternally derived copies of chromosome 11p15 and no maternal contribution for that. In these patients, in addition to the effects of IGF2 overexpression, a decreased level of the maternally expressed gene CDKN1C may contribute to the BWS phenotype. In this paper, we reviewed a series of nine patients with BWS because of pUPD using several methods with the aim to evaluate the percentage of mosaicism, the methylation status at both loci, the extension of the pUPD at the short arm and the breakpoints of recombination. Fine mapping of mitotic recombination breakpoints by single-nucleotide polymorphism-array in individuals with UPD and fine estimation of epigenetic defects will provide a basis for understanding the aetiology of BWS, allowing more accurate prognostic predictions and facilitating management and surveillance of individuals with this disorder.
INGEMM, Instituto de Genética Médica y Molecular, IDIPaz, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Valeria
V
Romanelli
Heloisa N M
HN
Meneses
Luis
L
Fernández
Victor
V
Martínez-Glez
Ricardo
R
Gracia-Bouthelier
Mario
M
F Fraga
Encarna
E
Guillén
Julián
J
Nevado
Esther
E
Gean
Loreto
L
Martorell
Victoria Esteban
VE
Marfil
Sixto
S
García-Miñaur
Pablo
P
Lapunzina
D001506:Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D056905:Chromosome Breakpoints; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000235:genetics; D057890:Epigenomics; D018392:Genomic Imprinting / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D009030:Mosaicism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D024182:Uniparental Disomy / Q000166:cytology* / Q000235:genetics
C035170:IGF2 protein, human; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II
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