Phenotypical and functional specialization of FOXP3+ regulatory T cells.
Forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)(+) regulatory T (T(Reg)) cells prevent autoimmune disease, maintain immune homeostasis and modulate immune responses during infection. To accomplish these tasks, T(Reg) cell activity is precisely controlled, and this requires T(Reg) cells to alter their migratory, functional and homeostatic properties in response to specific cues in the immune environment. We review progress in understanding the diversity of T(Reg) cells, T(Reg) cell function in different anatomical and inflammatory settings, and the influence of the immune environment on T(Reg) cell activity. We also consider how these factors affect immune-mediated disease in the contexts of infection, autoimmunity, cancer and transplantation.
Immunology Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, Washington 98103, USA. campbell@benaroyaresearch.org
Daniel J
DJ
Campbell
Meghan A
MA
Koch
D002465:Cell Movement; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007110:Immunity, Active; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*
D016207:Cytokines; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors
Blood. 2005 Apr 1;105(7):2877-86
15613550
Cell. 2008 May 30;133(5):775-87
18510923
Science. 2007 Jul 13;317(5835):256-60
17569825
Nat Immunol. 2009 Jul;10(7):689-95
19536194
Immunity. 2009 Nov 20;31(5):772-86
19896394
Gastroenterology. 2007 Mar;132(3):966-81
17324406
Immunity. 2008 Apr;28(4):546-58
18387831
J Immunol. 2003 Oct 1;171(7):3348-52
14500627
J Immunol. 2007 Jul 1;179(1):365-71
17579057
Nat Rev Immunol. 2008 Jul;8(7):523-32
18566595
Nat Immunol. 2008 Dec;9(12):1341-6
18931678
Nature. 2006 May 11;441(7090):235-8
16648838
Curr Dir Autoimmun. 2010;11:119-34
20173391
Hepatology. 2009 Apr;49(4):1267-76
19140218
J Exp Med. 2009 Aug 31;206(9):1853-62
19667061
Cell. 2010 Sep 17;142(6):914-29
20850013
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 1999;238:13-26
10087648
Nat Immunol. 2009 Sep;10(9):1000-7
19633673
Science. 2009 Mar 13;323(5920):1488-92
19286559
Nat Rev Immunol. 2007 Mar;7(3):231-7
17318234
Nature. 2009 Mar 19;458(7236):351-6
19182775
Annu Rev Immunol. 2008;26:453-79
18062768
J Neuroimmunol. 2010 Jan 25;218(1-2):120-4
19932513
J Autoimmun. 2005 Sep;25(2):112-20
16051465
J Immunol. 2008 Dec 15;181(12):8391-401
19050256
Eur J Immunol. 2007 Jul;37(7):1817-26
17559173
Mucosal Immunol. 2008 Mar;1(2):92-5
19079166
Science. 2009 Nov 13;326(5955):986-91
19797626
J Immunol. 2010 Mar 15;184(6):2886-98
20164417
Immunology. 2010 Sep;131(1):107-17
20465564
Annu Rev Immunol. 2003;21:713-58
12500979
Immunol Rev. 2003 Oct;195:58-71
12969310
J Immunol. 2010 Sep 1;185(5):2675-9
20679534
Science. 2008 May 30;320(5880):1220-4
18436744
J Immunol. 2009 May 15;182(10):6071-8
19414758
Science. 2003 Feb 14;299(5609):1033-6
12532024
Nat Immunol. 2006 Jan;7(1):83-92
16311599
J Immunol. 2007 Jan 1;178(1):301-11
17182567
Annu Rev Immunol. 2006;24:607-56
16551261
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Dec 23;100(26):15818-23
14673093
J Exp Med. 2007 Aug 6;204(8):1775-85
17620362
J Exp Med. 2007 Jun 11;204(6):1335-47
17548521
Nat Immunol. 2003 Apr;4(4):330-6
12612578
J Immunol. 2009 Nov 1;183(9):5458-67
19843932
Int Immunol. 2010 May;22(5):347-52
20410258
Int J Cancer. 2007 Jul 1;121(1):95-105
17315190
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Feb 10;106(6):1903-8
19174509
J Immunol. 2007 Jul 1;179(1):154-61
17579033
J Exp Med. 2008 Dec 22;205(13):3105-17
19064700
J Exp Med. 2007 Jun 11;204(6):1327-34
17548518
J Immunol. 2009 Jul 1;183(1):155-63
19535633
Blood. 2005 Nov 1;106(9):3097-104
16014565
Nat Immunol. 2008 Dec;9(12):1347-55
18997793
J Exp Med. 2004 Feb 2;199(3):303-13
14757740
J Clin Invest. 2004 Dec;114(11):1640-9
15578096
J Immunol. 2007 Jan 1;178(1):280-90
17182565
J Leukoc Biol. 2009 Sep;86(3):567-72
19401397
J Immunol. 2007 Jan 1;178(1):291-300
17182566
Immunity. 2009 Mar 20;30(3):458-69
19303390
J Exp Med. 2008 Jul 7;205(7):1559-65
18573908
PLoS Biol. 2007 Feb;5(2):e38
17298177
J Immunol. 2007 Jun 1;178(11):6725-9
17513718
Clin Immunol. 2009 May;131(2):298-307
19211307
Eur J Immunol. 2007 Apr;37(4):978-89
17345581
J Exp Med. 2005 Mar 7;201(5):723-35
15753206
Science. 2008 Oct 10;322(5899):271-5
18845758
Immunity. 2009 Jan 16;30(1):155-67
19144320
J Immunol. 2006 Jul 1;177(1):593-603
16785557
Science. 2010 Sep 24;329(5999):1667-71
20929851
Arthritis Rheum. 2010 Feb;62(2):430-40
20112373
J Immunol. 2009 Nov 1;183(9):5608-14
19843945
Nat Immunol. 2010 Jul;11(7):577-84
20562844
J Immunol. 2006 Oct 1;177(7):4488-94
16982885
J Exp Med. 1994 Apr 1;179(4):1367-71
7908325
J Immunol. 2006 Nov 15;177(10):6983-90
17082613
Nat Immunol. 2009 Jun;10(6):595-602
19412181
J Autoimmun. 2008 Nov;31(3):252-6
18502610
J Immunol. 2007 Sep 1;179(5):2774-86
17709491
J Leukoc Biol. 2008 Aug;84(2):480-7
18477692
Nat Immunol. 2009 Jul;10(7):769-77
19483717
Nat Immunol. 2007 Feb;8(2):191-7
17136045
Diabetes. 2005 Jan;54(1):92-9
15616015
J Exp Med. 1993 Dec 1;178(6):2243-7
8245795
Nature. 2007 Feb 15;445(7129):771-5
17220874
Immunity. 2000 Apr;12(4):431-40
10795741
J Exp Med. 2007 Nov 26;204(12):2803-12
18025126
J Immunol. 2005 May 1;174(9):5444-55
15845457
J Exp Med. 2004 Aug 2;200(3):277-85
15280421
Cell. 1997 May 16;89(4):587-96
9160750
Nat Immunol. 2007 Apr;8(4):345-50
17375096
J Exp Med. 2004 Oct 4;200(7):825-34
15452177
Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2009 May;21(3):224-30
19365268
Int Immunol. 2008 Mar;20(3):307-15
18184698
Semin Immunol. 2007 Dec;19(6):400-8
18166487
Nat Rev Immunol. 2007 Nov;7(11):875-88
17948021
J Exp Med. 2004 Apr 5;199(7):971-9
15067033
Immunity. 2004 Apr;20(4):477-94
15084276
J Immunol. 2006 Jul 15;177(2):840-51
16818738
Int J Cancer. 2010 Aug 15;127(4):759-67
20518016
Immunol Rev. 2006 Aug;212:74-85
16903907
Nature. 2002 Dec 5;420(6915):502-7
12466842
J Immunol. 2008 Jan 1;180(1):122-9
18097011
J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009 Dec;124(6):1129-38; quiz 1139-40
20004774
Eur J Immunol. 2007 Jul;37(7):1916-23
17549737
J Immunol. 2010 Jul 15;185(2):1295-302
20548030
Cell. 2000 Mar 17;100(6):655-69
10761931
Arthritis Res Ther. 2008;10(6):227
19040771
J Exp Med. 2010 Sep 27;207(10):2053-63
20837696
J Exp Med. 2006 Mar 20;203(3):505-11
16533880
J Exp Med. 2007 Aug 6;204(8):1757-64
17620361
J Immunol. 2007 Nov 1;179(9):6273-83
17947703
Immunity. 2010 Feb 26;32(2):266-78
20137985
J Exp Med. 2006 Oct 30;203(11):2451-60
17015634
J Immunol. 2005 Jun 15;174(12):7487-91
15944246
J Immunol. 2010 Jan 1;184(1):30-4
19949064
Science. 2002 Jan 11;295(5553):338-42
11786644
Nat Immunol. 2005 Nov;6(11):1142-51
16227984
J Immunol. 2008 Jun 1;180(11):7112-6
18490709
Immunol Rev. 2008 Jun;223:391-421
18613849
J Exp Med. 1999 Oct 4;190(7):995-1004
10510089
J Immunol. 2006 Nov 15;177(10):6940-51
17082609
Immunity. 2009 Dec 18;31(6):941-52
20064451
Nat Immunol. 2007 Mar;8(3):285-93
17259988
J Exp Med. 2007 Apr 16;204(4):735-45
17371928
J Neuroimmunol. 2009 Oct 30;215(1-2):125-8
19758707
Nat Immunol. 2003 Dec;4(12):1206-12
14578884
Annu Rev Immunol. 2010;28:445-89
20192806
J Immunol. 2002 Sep 1;169(5):2461-5
12193715
Immunity. 1995 Jul;3(1):109-17
7621071
Cell. 2006 Sep 22;126(6):1121-33
16990136