Effects of short-term infusion of lipid emulsions on pro-inflammatory cytokines and lymphocyte apoptosis in septic and non-septic rats.
Long-term administration of PUFA is known to modulate immune functions and apoptotic pathways depending on the respective amount of n-6 and n-3 fatty acids (FA). Data on short-term effects on apoptotic pathways are rare. Apoptosis of splenic lymphocytes is the hallmark of detrimental sepsis. Therefore, we aimed to compare the immediate effects of parenterally administered n-6-enriched soyabean oil (SO)- and n-3-enriched fish oil (FO)-based lipid emulsions after laparotomy (LAP; sham procedure) and after induction of acute, severe sepsis by caecal ligation and incision. After 390 min of observation time, plasma was analysed for IL-1β, IL-6 and NEFA. Apoptosis in splenic lymphocytes was quantified by Annexin-V expression. After LAP, infusion of both FO and SO did not change cytokine concentrations. Sepsis increased both cytokines. FO but not SO further augmented the rise. After LAP, SO increased NEFA, and both lipid emulsions reduced free arachidonic acid (AA). Sepsis resulted in a dramatic decrease in NEFA and AA. The drop in NEFA and AA was prevented by both SO and FO. In addition, FO resulted in an increased concentration of n-3 FA under both conditions. Infusion of both lipid emulsions induced apoptosis in splenic lymphocytes after LAP. Sepsis-induced apoptosis was not further enhanced by FO or SO. The present study shows that short-term administration of FO as opposed to SO caused pro-inflammatory effects during sepsis. Moreover, short-term administration of both SO and FO suffices to induce apoptosis in splenic lymphocytes. Finally, SO and FO do not further enhance sepsis-induced splenic apoptosis.
Department of Anaesthesiology, Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany. pscheiermann@gmail.com
Patrick
P
Scheiermann
Juliane
J
Ott
Sandra
S
Hoegl
Matthias
M
Hecker
Christian
C
Hofstetter
Werner
W
Seeger
Bernhard
B
Zwissler
Britta
B
Bausch
Kim A
KA
Boost
Konstantin
K
Mayer
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
D016207:Cytokines; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D005395:Fish Oils; D013024:Soybean Oil