A contact lens with embedded sensor for monitoring tear glucose level.
We report the design, construction, and testing of a contact lens with an integrated amperometric glucose sensor, proposing the possibility of in situ human health monitoring simply by wearing a contact lens. The glucose sensor was constructed by creating microstructures on a polymer substrate, which was subsequently shaped into a contact lens. Titania sol-gel film was applied to immobilize glucose oxidase, and Nafion® was used to decrease several potential interferences (ascorbic acid, lactate, and urea) present in the tear film. The sensor exhibits a fast response (20s), a high sensitivity (240 μA cm(-2) mM(-1)) and a good reproducibility after testing a number of sensors. It shows good linearity for the typical range of glucose concentrations in the tear film (0.1-0.6 mM), and acceptable accuracy in the presence of interfering agents. The sensor can attain a minimum detection of less than 0.01 mM glucose.
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
Huanfen
H
Yao
Angela J
AJ
Shum
Melissa
M
Cowan
Ilkka
I
Lähdesmäki
Babak A
BA
Parviz
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003261:Contact Lenses; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000378:metabolism; D004867:Equipment Design; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013666:Tears / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose
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