Overexpression of SUMO perturbs the growth and development of Caenorhabditis elegans.
Small ubiquitin-related modifiers (SUMOs) are important regulator proteins. Caenorhabditis elegans contains a single SUMO ortholog, SMO-1, necessary for the reproduction of C. elegans. In this study, we constructed transgenic C. elegans strains expressing human SUMO-1 under the control of pan-neuronal (aex-3) or pan-muscular (myo-4) promoter and SUMO-2 under the control of myo-4 promoter. Interestingly, muscular overexpression of SUMO-1 or -2 resulted in morphological changes of the posterior part of the nematode. Movement, reproduction and aging of C. elegans were perturbed by the overexpression of SUMO-1 or -2. Genome-wide expression analyses revealed that several genes encoding components of SUMOylation pathway and ubiquitin-proteasome system were upregulated in SUMO-overexpressing nematodes. Since muscular overexpression of SMO-1 also brought up reproductive and mobility perturbations, our results imply that the phenotypes were largely due to an excess of SUMO, suggesting that a tight control of SUMO levels is important for the normal development of multicellular organisms.
Institute of Biomedicine, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.
Miia M
MM
Rytinki
Merja
M
Lakso
Petri
P
Pehkonen
Vuokko
V
Aarnio
Kaja
K
Reisner
Mikael
M
Peräkylä
Garry
G
Wong
Jorma J
JJ
Palvimo
D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D058207:Sumoylation; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D054875:Ubiquitination
D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; C495501:SUMO1 protein, human; C117909:SUMO2 protein, human; D025841:Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
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