Oral dysplasia: biomarkers, treatment, and follow-up.
Dysplasia affecting the oral mucosa has a malignant potential. The options for treatment of oral dysplasia are limited. Surgery remains the mainstay of management, with no strong evidence for medical treatments currently available. Histological grading alone does not accurately predict which dysplastic lesions will progress to cancer, which poses the clinician with difficult decisions regarding the most appropriate treatment and may lead to some patients being overtreated, with potentially unnecessary morbidity. The use of biomarkers may help to improve prediction of which cases are likely to transform. The efficacy of individual markers for prediction will be discussed in this paper. There is also a lack of consensus on the optimal frequency and duration of follow-up for patients with oral dysplasia.
Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education (InHANSE), University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Clifford Bridge Road, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK.
Paul
P
Nankivell
Hisham
H
Mehanna
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor
J Oral Pathol Med. 2008 Mar;37(3):127-33
18251935
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2007 Dec;16(12):2768-72
18086786
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2010 Jun;15(2):185-201
20415599
Int J Cancer. 2009 Nov 1;125(9):2219-28
19623652
Clin Cancer Res. 2006 May 15;12(10):3109-14
16707609
Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Oct 1;15(19):6284-91
19773378
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2008 Oct;1(5):339-48
19138978
Virchows Arch. 2002 Jun;440(6):594-7
12070598
Oral Oncol. 2009 Aug;45(8):647-53
19442563
Cancer. 2002 Feb 15;94(4):950-63
11920463
J Oral Pathol Med. 2008 Jan;37(1):1-10
18154571
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002 Apr;31(2):145-53
12102411
Oral Oncol. 2010 Feb;46(2):123-7
20036603
Head Neck. 1994 Nov-Dec;16(6):539-44
7529754
Oral Oncol. 2010 Jun;46(6):423-5
20308005
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 Nov;38(11):1188-93
19640683
J Oral Pathol Med. 2007 Nov;36(10):575-80
17944749
Oral Oncol. 2003 Dec;39(8):770-80
13679200
Int J Cancer. 2005 Jul 1;115(4):625-9
15700313
J Pathol. 2000 Mar;190(4):417-22
10699989
J Oral Pathol Med. 1995 Jan;24(1):18-22
7722917
Cancer. 2010 Apr 1;116(7):1709-17
20186700
Oral Oncol. 2009 Jun;45(6):468-73
18805043
Oral Oncol. 1998 Mar;34(2):77-83
9682768
Anticancer Res. 1998 Sep-Oct;18(5B):3645-50
9854471
Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2010 Mar;267(3):423-7
19543904
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2010 Jul;3(7):800-9
20570883
J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2009 May;67(5):1074-82
19375021
J Oral Pathol Med. 1998 Nov;27(10):489-95
9831962
Head Neck Oncol. 2009 May 11;1:11
19432960
Oral Oncol. 1997 Jul;33(4):231-6
9307711
Cancer Res. 1996 Jun 1;56(11):2488-92
8653682
J Clin Oncol. 2008 Jan 20;26(3):354-60
18202409
Br J Cancer. 2009 Apr 7;100(7):1128-34
19293805
Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2009 Aug;135(8):784-8
19687399
Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Mar 1;10(5):1565-73
15014005
J Clin Pathol. 2002 Feb;55(2):98-104
11865002
J Dent Res. 2003 Nov;82(11):923-8
14578507
Br J Cancer. 2005 Aug 22;93(4):387-91
16106245
J Am Dent Assoc. 2007 Dec;138(12):1555-62; quiz 1614
18056099
Histopathology. 2010 Jul;57(1):14-26
20653778
Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Apr 1;14(7):2095-101
18381950
Clin Cancer Res. 2004 Oct 1;10(19):6460-5
15475433
Cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2009 Jan;2(1):22-6
19139014
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2002 Jun;31(3):262-6
12190131
J Pathol. 1998 Apr;184(4):360-8
9664901
Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2008 Aug;17(8):2174-9
18708411
Head Neck. 2009 Dec;31(12):1600-9
19455705
Aust Dent J. 1999 Jun;44(2):103-5
10452165
Clin Cancer Res. 2000 Feb;6(2):357-62
10690511
Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2005 Aug;161(1):86-9
16080964