Reversible swelling of the cell wall of poplar biomass by ionic liquid at room temperature.
Time-resolved autofluorescence, Raman microspectroscopy, and scanning microprobe X-ray diffraction were combined in order to characterize lignocellulosic biomass from poplar trees and how it changes during treatment with the ionic liquid 1-n-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate (EMIMAC) at room temperature. The EMIMAC penetrates the cell wall from the lumen, swelling the cell wall by about a factor of two towards the empty lumen. However, the middle lamella remains unchanged, preventing the cell wall from swelling outwards. During this swelling, most of the cellulose microfibrils are solubilized but chain migration is restricted and a small percentage of microfibrils persist. When the EMIMAC is expelled, the cellulose recrystallizes as microfibrils of cellulose I. There is little change in the relative chemical composition of the cell wall after treatment. The action of EMIMAC on the poplar cell wall at room temperature would therefore appear to be a reversible swelling and a reversible decrystallization of the cell wall.
Chemistry Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA.
Marcel
M
Lucas
Greg L
GL
Wagner
Yoshiharu
Y
Nishiyama
Leif
L
Hanson
Indira P
IP
Samayam
Constance A
CA
Schall
Paul
P
Langan
Kirk D
KD
Rector
D018533:Biomass; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects*; D005453:Fluorescence; D052578:Ionic Liquids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032107:Populus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013696:Temperature; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D052578:Ionic Liquids
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