Anatomic considerations in the aging face.
A thorough knowledge of the anatomy of the aging face is essential to a safe and effective operation. Over time, the face undergoes changes in skin and subcutaneous tissues evidenced by rhytides and thinning. There are also changes in the tone and character of facial muscles. Changes in fat structures in the face cause aesthetic changes that can be addressed surgically. Knowledge of the anatomy of the face and neck will aid in understanding the changes that occur with aging and will allow for a more complete strategy in rejuvenating the aging face.
The Larrabee Center for Facial Plastic Surgery, Seattle, Washington 98122, USA. rzoumalan@hotmail.com
Richard A
RA
Zoumalan
Wayne F
WF
Larrabee
D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology*; D002610:Cheek / Q000473:pathology; D002680:Chin / Q000473:pathology; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000294:innervation; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000473:pathology; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005205:Fascia / Q000473:pathology; D005546:Forehead / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009333:Neck / Q000473:pathology; D009915:Orbit / Q000473:pathology; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000473:pathology; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000473:pathology; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000473:pathology