Mutations in lectin complement pathway genes COLEC11 and MASP1 cause 3MC syndrome.
3MC syndrome has been proposed as a unifying term encompassing the overlapping Carnevale, Mingarelli, Malpuech and Michels syndromes. These rare autosomal recessive disorders exhibit a spectrum of developmental features, including characteristic facial dysmorphism, cleft lip and/or palate, craniosynostosis, learning disability and genital, limb and vesicorenal anomalies. Here we studied 11 families with 3MC syndrome and identified two mutated genes, COLEC11 and MASP1, both of which encode proteins in the lectin complement pathway (collectin kidney 1 (CL-K1) and MASP-1 and MASP-3, respectively). CL-K1 is highly expressed in embryonic murine craniofacial cartilage, heart, bronchi, kidney and vertebral bodies. Zebrafish morphants for either gene develop pigmentary defects and severe craniofacial abnormalities. Finally, we show that CL-K1 serves as a guidance cue for neural crest cell migration. Together, these findings demonstrate a role for complement pathway factors in fundamental developmental processes and in the etiology of 3MC syndrome.
Molecular Medicine Unit, University College London Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
Caroline
C
Rooryck
Anna
A
Diaz-Font
Daniel P S
DP
Osborn
Elyes
E
Chabchoub
Victor
V
Hernandez-Hernandez
Hanan
H
Shamseldin
Joanna
J
Kenny
Aoife
A
Waters
Dagan
D
Jenkins
Ali Al
AA
Kaissi
Gabriela F
GF
Leal
Bruno
B
Dallapiccola
Franco
F
Carnevale
Maria
M
Bitner-Glindzicz
Melissa
M
Lees
Raoul
R
Hennekam
Philip
P
Stanier
Alan J
AJ
Burns
Hilde
H
Peeters
Fowzan S
FS
Alkuraya
Philip L
PL
Beales
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000235:genetics; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics; D037222:Collectins / Q000235:genetics*; D037582:Complement Pathway, Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000235:genetics*; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics*; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000235:genetics; D004843:Epistasis, Genetic; D050606:Mannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine Proteases / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000166:cytology; D013577:Syndrome; D015027:Zebrafish
C518521:Colec11 protein, human; D037222:Collectins; C084067:MASP1 protein, human; D050606:Mannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine Proteases
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