Ac-AP-12, a novel factor Xa anticoagulant peptide from the esophageal glands of adult Ancylostoma caninum.
Immunoscreening an Ancylostoma caninum cDNA library with canine hookworm-infected dog serum resulted in the isolation of a 461 bp cDNA encoding Ac-AP-12, a new 9.1 kDa anticoagulant peptide (100 amino acids) with 43-69% amino acid homology to other nematode anticoagulant peptides (NAPs) from Ancylostoma hookworms. Messenger RNA transcription and expression of Ac-AP-12 was unique to the adult stage of A. caninum. The yeast expressed recombinant Ac-AP-12 demonstrated potent anticoagulant activity on human blood plasma in a concentration dependent manner, and was shown to specifically inhibit human factor Xa activity. Immunolocalization with specific rabbit antiserum showed that Ac-AP-12 was exclusively located in the esophageal glands of adult hookworm. Ac-AP-12 is hypothesized to facilitate both parasite blood feeding and digestion.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University and the Sabin Vaccine Institute, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
Desheng
D
Jiang
Bin
B
Zhan
Reina S
RS
Mayor
Portia
P
Gillespie
Brian
B
Keegan
Maria Elena
ME
Bottazzi
Peter
P
Hotez
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000722:Ancylostoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000724:Ancylostomiasis / Q000097:blood / Q000469:parasitology; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004947:Esophagus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment
D000925:Anticoagulants; D065427:Factor Xa Inhibitors; D010455:Peptides