Hydrogen-rich saline reduces oxidative stress and inflammation by inhibit of JNK and NF-κB activation in a rat model of amyloid-beta-induced Alzheimer's disease.
This study is to examine if hydrogen-rich saline reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) induced neural inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model by attenuation of activation of JNK and NF-κB. Sprague-Dawley male rats (n=18, 280-330 g) were divided into three groups, sham operated, Aβ1-42 injected and Aβ1-42 plus hydrogen-rich saline treated animals. Hydrogen-rich saline (5 ml/kg, i.p., daily) was injected for 10 days after intraventricular injection of Aβ1-42. The levels of IL-1β were assessed by ELISA analysis, 8-OH-dG by immunohistochemistry in the brain slides, and JNK and NF-κB by immunohistochemistry and western blotting. After Aβ1-42 injection, the level of IL-1β, 8-OH-dG, JNK and NF-κB all increased in brain tissues, while hydrogen-rich saline treatment decreased the level of IL-1β, 8-OH-dG and the activation of JNK and NF-κB. In conclusion, hydrogen-rich saline prevented Aβ-induced neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, possibly by attenuation of activation of c-Jun NH₂-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in this rat model.
Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, PR China.
Cai
C
Wang
Jian
J
Li
Qiang
Q
Liu
Rui
R
Yang
John H
JH
Zhang
Yun-Peng
YP
Cao
Xue-Jun
XJ
Sun
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D006859:Hydrogen; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4