Effect of various treatments on leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and neuropeptide Y in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
BACKGROUND
Several peptides are involved in the regulation of food intake and energy expenditure, among which are leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and neuropeptide Y (NPY). These peptides may be implicated in the obesity seen in the majority of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).


METHODS
The present review considers: i) the role of leptin, adiponectin, ghrelin and NPY in patients with T2DM, and, ii) the effect of insulin as well as oral hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, antiobesity and antiplatelet agents on these peptides in patients with T2DM.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with T2DM have either lower or similar leptin levels, decreased adiponectin and ghrelin levels, and increased NPY circulating levels compared with nondiabetic controls. Treatment with insulin, oral hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, hypolipidemic, antiobesity and antiplatelet drugs may influence the levels of these peptides. It is not widely appreciated that several drugs commonly administered to patients with T2DM can influence adipokine levels. The clinical relevance of these effects needs to be evaluated.
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AHEPA University Hospital, First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Niki
N
Katsiki
Dimitri P
DP
Mikhailidis
Anna
A
Gotzamani-Psarrakou
John G
JG
Yovos
Dimitrios
D
Karamitsos
D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*
D052242:Adiponectin; D054439:Ghrelin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D020738:Leptin; D009478:Neuropeptide Y