The ensiling capability of a mixture of sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and sodium nitrite.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an additive comprising sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, and sodium nitrite on the quality of silages fermented from various forage crops. Thirteen crops in 3 groups (differing in dry matter concentration and degree of ensilability) were treated with the additive mixture and compared with untreated control silages. The main focus was on yeast and Clostridia spp. activity in the silages, although other silage quality criteria also were measured. Treated silages from difficult-to-ensile crops at low dry matter were found to have significantly lower silage pH, fewer clostridial spores, and reduced concentrations of ammonia N, butyric acid, and ethanol. In addition, dry matter losses were reduced in treated silages compared with those receiving no additive. Similar results were observed in silages from easy or intermediate ensilable crops when the dry matter concentration was <300 g/kg. When the dry matter concentration was >350 g/kg, the treated silages contained less ammonia N, ethanol, and yeast for 3 out of 4 forages. All treated silages from all crops were aerobically stable during the examination time. The application of the tested additive mixture reduced the growth of undesirable microflora and thereby reduced silage losses and prolonged the aerobic stability of the silages.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Kungsängen Research Centre, 75323 Uppsala, Sweden.
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D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003013:Clostridium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D005285:Fermentation; D005503:Food Additives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D012820:Silage / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology*; D020160:Sodium Benzoate / Q000494:pharmacology; D012977:Sodium Nitrite / Q000494:pharmacology; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005503:Food Additives; D012977:Sodium Nitrite; D020160:Sodium Benzoate; D013011:Sorbic Acid