Cognitive deficits in patients with mild to moderate traumatic brain injury.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most frequent causes of brain damage. Cognitive deficits reported in the literature after moderate to severe TBI include memory, language, executive functions, attention and information processing speed impairments. However, systematic studies on patients with mild TBI are scarce although neuropsychological changes are present.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the cognitive functioning of patients with mild to moderate TBI.


METHODS
We evaluated 12 patients with mild to moderate TBI using a comprehensive protocol (PN01) of neuropsychological tests.


RESULTS
There were significant deficits of episodic memory including immediate and delayed verbal memory recall, verbal recognition, immediate and delayed visual memory recall, naming, verbal fluency and information processing speed.


CONCLUSIONS
These results emphasize the importance of comprehensive neuropsychological assessments even in cases of mild TBI in order to identify impaired and preserved functions providing adequate managing including rehabilitation programs for each case.
Hospital das Clínicas, University of São Paulo, Brazil. ecmiotto@usp.br
Eliane Correa
EC
Miotto
Fernanda Zanetti
FZ
Cinalli
Valéria Trunkl
VT
Serrao
Glaucia Guerra
GG
Benute
Mara Cristina Souza
MC
Lucia
Milberto
M
Scaff
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices