Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy of kidney disease in HIV-infected patients.
BACKGROUND
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with the development of a wide spectrum of kidney diseases. HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the most common cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in HIV-infected individuals and predominantly affects patients of African ancestry. HIVAN is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) among African-Americans.


METHODS
An overview of the spectrum of kidney disease in patients with HIV is given. Current pharmacologic interventions to treat kidney disease in HIV are discussed. This review will enhance knowledge regarding the most common causes of kidney disease in HIV-infected patients. An understanding of the principles related to pharmacotherapy in HIV-infected patients with kidney disease will also be gained.


CONCLUSIONS
Kidney disease is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected patients. The most common cause of chronic kidney disease in this population is HIV-associated nephropathy, which is caused by viral infection of the renal epithelium. Several medications that are commonly used in HIV-infected patients can have adverse effects on the kidneys and the doses of many antiretroviral medications need to be adjusted in patients with impaired renal function.
University of Louisville, Division of Nephrology, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Zygimantas C
ZC
Alsauskas
Raj Kiran
RK
Medapalli
Michael J
MJ
Ross
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents
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