Evaluation of the incision angle of mediolateral episiotomy at 60 degrees.
OBJECTIVE
To study the angle of mediolateral episiotomy at the time of cut, after primary repair, and 6 months postpartum; and the incidence and severity of perineal pain and anal incontinence 6 months after delivery.


METHODS
The study group comprised 60 consecutively recruited primiparous women who required episiotomy during delivery assisted by 2 obstetricians. The incision angle of episiotomy (defined as 60°) was measured before cutting, after primary repair, and after 6 months. At follow-up, perineal pain was evaluated by a verbal rating score; anal incontinence was assessed by St Mark's score.


RESULTS
The angles differed significantly among the incision (60°), repair (45°), and 6-month (48°) measurements (P < 0.001). There was a poor correlation between the suture angle and the angle measured at 6 months postpartum. No severe perineal tear was diagnosed in the cohort. At 6 months postpartum, only 1 woman reported mild symptoms of de novo anal incontinence, whereas 7 women reported perineal pain related to episiotomy.


CONCLUSIONS
An incision angle of mediolateral episiotomy of 60° resulted in a low incidence of anal sphincter tearing, anal incontinence and perineal pain. A randomized controlled trial is needed to assess the outcome when different angles of episiotomy are used.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic. kalisv@fnplzen.cz
Vladimir
V
Kalis
Jana
J
Landsmanova
Barbora
B
Bednarova
Jaroslava
J
Karbanova
Katariina
K
Laine
Zdenek
Z
Rokyta
D000328:Adult; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000293:injuries; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004841:Episiotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010298:Parity; D010502:Perineum / Q000293:injuries; D011247:Pregnancy; D055815:Young Adult