Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in cancer therapy : does eicosapentanoic acid influence the radiosensitivity of tumor cells?
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentanoic acid (EPA) can enhance the radiosensitivity of different human tumor cell lines.


METHODS
Colon adenocarcinoma cells HT-29, and two glioblastoma multiforme tumor cells T98G and U251 were cultured under standard conditions. Cell growth was observed during administration with different concentrations of EPA, using it as the free fatty acid dissolved in ethanol or bound to bovine serum albumin. To investigate the influence of EPA (free and bound) on radiosensitivity, tumor cells were pretreated 30 minutes or 24 hours prior to irradiation with the fatty acid. Cell survival was measured by colony-forming assays.


RESULTS
When combined with irradiation, incubation with EPA was found to result in enhanced radiosensitivity with substantial variation: while there was strong radiosensitization for HT-29 and U251 cells, almost no effect for T98G cells was observed. A marked radiosensitization was clearly dependent on the treatment schedule.


CONCLUSIONS
The observations suggest that EPA is not only a nutritional adjuvant but also may be a potential candidate to enhance the efficacy of irradiation on human cancer cells.
Department of Radiotherapy, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany. katrin.manda@uni-rostock.de
Katrin
K
Manda
Stephan
S
Kriesen
Guido
G
Hildebrandt
Rainer
R
Fietkau
Gunther
G
Klautke
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D000431:Ethanol; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid
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