Murine TMJ loading causes increased proliferation and chondrocyte maturation.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of forced mouth opening on murine mandibular condylar head remodeling. We hypothesized that forced mouth opening would cause an anabolic response in the mandibular condylar cartilage. Six-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were divided into 3 groups: (1) control, (2) 0.25 N, and (3) 0.50 N of forced mouth opening. Gene expression, micro-CT, and proliferation were analyzed. 0.5 N of forced mouth opening caused a significant increase in mRNA expression of Pthrp, Sox9, and Collagen2a1, a significant increase in proliferation, and a significant increase in trabecular spacing in the subchondral bone, whereas 0.25 N of forced mouth opening did not cause any significant changes in any of the parameters examined. Forced mouth opening causes an increase in the expression of chondrocyte maturation markers and an increase in subchondral trabecular spacing.
Department of Craniofacial Sciences, Division of Orthodontics, University of Connecticut Health Center, School of Dental Medicine, 263 Farmington Avenue, Farmington, CT 06030, USA.
T
T
Sobue
W-C
WC
Yeh
A
A
Chhibber
A
A
Utreja
V
V
Diaz-Doran
D
D
Adams
Z
Z
Kalajzic
J
J
Chen
S
S
Wadhwa
D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000032:analysis; D024121:Collagen Type X / Q000032:analysis; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000166:cytology; D040542:Mechanotransduction, Cellular / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D023421:Models, Animal; D053244:Osteoprotegerin / Q000032:analysis; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein / Q000032:analysis; D053245:RANK Ligand / Q000032:analysis; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor / Q000032:analysis; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000166:cytology*; D013997:Time Factors; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
C447413:Col2a1 protein, mouse; D024043:Collagen Type II; D024121:Collagen Type X; C513308:Dmp1 protein, mouse; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D044162:Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein; D053245:RANK Ligand; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527933:Sox9 protein, mouse; C506031:Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse
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