Prenatal water deprivation alters brain angiotensin system and dipsogenic changes in the offspring.
OBJECTIVE
Central renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays an important role in regulating body fluid balance. The present study determined the effect of maternal dehydration on brain expression levels of angiotensinogen, angiotensin II receptor subtypes, and dipsogenic responses in offspring.


METHODS
Pregnant rats were deprived of water during late gestation. Expressions of brain angiotensinogen, angiotensin II receptors, and dipsogenic responses were determined.


RESULTS
Maternal water deprivation significantly decreased fetal body and brain weight, and body and tail length. Fetal plasma sodium, osmolality, and hematocrit were increased. Both AT(1)R and AT(2)R protein abundance was significantly increased in the fetal brain, associating with increased mRNA levels of AT(1a)R and AT(2)R. Additionally, angiotensinogen mRNA was increased. In adult offspring, prenatal dehydration resulted in significant increases in AT(1)R protein and AT(1a)R mRNA, as well as angiotensinogen mRNA in the forebrain in both males and females. In contrast, AT(2)R mRNA and protein were increased only in males. Prenatal dehydration resulted in a significant increase in intracerebroventricular angiotensin II-induced water intake in male, but not female, offspring.


CONCLUSIONS
The results provided new information that antenatal water deprivation induces a reprogramming of brain RAS and Ang II receptor expression patterns and alters the central Ang II-mediated dipsogenic response in offspring in a sex-dependent manner.
Institute for Fetal Origin Diseases, The First Hospital of Soochow University & Prenatal Biology Center of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China.
Huiying
H
Zhang
Yisun
Y
Fan
Fei
F
Xia
Chunsong
C
Geng
Caiping
C
Mao
Shan
S
Jiang
Rui
R
He
Lubo
L
Zhang
Zhice
Z
Xu
D000809:Angiotensins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003681:Dehydration / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014868:Water Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*
D000809:Angiotensins; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2
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