Infrared spectroscopic analysis of 5,248 urinary stones from Chinese patients presenting with the first stone episode.
A series of 5,248 urinary stones was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy between 1999 and 2008. This study evaluated the percentage of each stone type and the association with sex and age in Chinese stone formers presenting with the first stone episode. The overall sex ratio (male:female) was 2.34:1. Results showed that the preponderant type of stone was calcium oxalate, followed by carbapatite, anhydrous uric acid, struvite and cystine. Struvite stones in this study accounted for a relatively low rate compared to that reported by others. Of 5,248 stones, only 38.1% had one component, 42.5% consisted of two components, and 20.4% consisted of three components. Our results also showed the higher percentage of carbapatite stones in females than in males and the increment of anhydrous uric acid stones with age. In addition, the percentage of calcium oxalate stones decreased with increase in the percentage of carbapatite stones over the period.
Department of Urology, The Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, Nanjing, 210008 Jiangsu, China. sunxizhaonj@163.com
Xizhao
X
Sun
Luming
L
Shen
Xiaoming
X
Cong
Huaijun
H
Zhu
Lei
L
He
Jianlin
J
Lu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001031:Apatites / Q000032:analysis; D044466:Asian People; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D003553:Cystine / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D000069877:Struvite; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000032:analysis; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000737:chemistry*; D055815:Young Adult
D001031:Apatites; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D014527:Uric Acid; D003553:Cystine; C030782:carboapatite; D000069877:Struvite
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