Short-term exercise provides left ventricular myocardial protection against intermittent hypoxia-induced apoptosis in rats.
We investigated whether exercise provides beneficial effects to attenuate intermittent hypoxia (IH)-induced myocardial apoptosis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four groups: control (CON), IH, exercise (EXE) or IH interspersed with EXE (IHEXE). IH rats were exposed to repetitive hypoxia-reoxygenation cycles (30 s of 5% O(2); 45 s of 21% O(2), 6 h day(-1)) during the light phase (1000-1600 h) for 12 consecutive days. EXE rats were habituated to treadmill running for 5 days, permitted 2 days of rest, followed by 5 exercise bouts (30 m min(-1) for 60 min on a 2% grade) on consecutive days during the dark phase (2000-2200 h). IHEXE rats were exposed to IH during the light phase interspersed with exercise programs during the dark phase on the same day. Apoptosis levels, cytochrome c (Cyt-c), cleaved caspase-3, oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity were determined in the left ventricular (LV) myocardium. IH rats showed higher myocardial levels of the apoptotic index, mitochondria-released Cyt-c, cleaved caspase-3 and oxidative stress and lower catalase activity levels than CON rats (p < 0.05, for all). These changes were not observed in EXE rats (p > 0.05, for all) except that catalase activity increased (p < 0.05). IHEXE rats showed lower myocardial levels of apoptotic index, mitochondria-released Cyt-c, cleaved caspase-3 and oxidative stress and higher catalase activity levels (p < 0.05, for all) than IH rats. We conclude that short-term exercise provides potent cardioprotective effects by attenuating IH-induced myocardial apoptosis.
Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Tsung-I
TI
Chen
Yan-Jhih
YJ
Shen
I-Chieh
IC
Wang
Kun-Ta
KT
Yang
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010507:Periodicity; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*
D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2
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