Neurobehavioral effects of acute exposure to normal (n-) paraffins.
This article reports the results of neurobehavioral tests on C(5)-C(10) normal paraffinic constituents (n-paraffins). Shortly after exposure, effects were evaluated in several domains including clinical effects, motor activity, functional observations, and visual discrimination performance. The representative C(5) n-paraffin, n-pentane, did not produce any evidence of acute central nervous system (CNS) effects at levels up to 20 000 mg/m(3). Similarly, there was no compelling evidence that n-octane (C(8)) produced CNS effects at 14 000 mg/m(3), the highest concentration tested. n-decane (C(10)) produced minor, reversible acute CNS effects at 5000 mg/m(3), with 1500 mg/m(3) as the no-effect level. Consistent with literature data, there seemed to be a relationship between increasing molecular weight up to C(10) and acute CNS effects. However, the CNS effects were reversible. Repeated exposures did not provide evidence of metabolic induction.
TNO Quality of Life, Zeist, The Netherlands. jan.lammers@tno.nl
J H C M
JH
Lammers
H
H
Muijser
D E
DE
Owen
B M
BM
Kulig
R H
RH
McKee
D000473:Alkanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009795:Octanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000187:drug effects; D010420:Pentanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D021281:Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000187:drug effects
D000473:Alkanes; D009795:Octanes; D010420:Pentanes; D012997:Solvents; C033353:pentane; C012867:decane; C026728:octane