Characteristics of the heart failure population in Poland: ZOPAN, a multicentre national programme.
BACKGROUND
It is difficult to define the optimal management of elderly heart failure (HF) patients with complex comorbidities. Thus, comprehensive characterisation of HF patients constitutes a crucial pre-condition for the successful management of this fragile population.


OBJECTIVE
To analyse the 'real life' HF patients, including the evaluation of their health conditions, management and their use of public health resources.


RESULTS
We examined 822 consecutive patients diagnosed with HF in NYHA classes II-IV in primary care practices. The mean age was 68.5 years, and 56% were male. Only 23% of the patients who were of pre-retirement age remained professionally active. Ischaemic or hypertension aetiology was found in 90% of participants. Nearly all patients had multiple comorbidities. Most patients received converting enzyme inhibitors (88%) and beta-blockers (77%), 60% of them both, although dosing was frequently inadequate. During the six months preceding the study, 31% had cardiovascular hospitalisation and 66% required unscheduled surgery visits.


CONCLUSIONS
The real life HF population differs from trial populations. Most of the real life patients who had not yet reached retirement age were professionally inactive, mainly due to a disability caused by cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, extremely few participants were free from any comorbidity. Compared to 20th century Polish data, there has been an improvement in the overall quality of HF-recommended pharmacotherapy. It must be stressed, however, that the percentage of those on optimal dosage remains unsatisfactory.
National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland. rywikt@mp.pl
Tomasz M
TM
Rywik
Piotr
P
Kołodziej
Ryszard
R
Targoński
Małgorzata
M
Fedyk-Łukasik
Anna
A
Nowicka
Elżbieta
E
Zinka
Bogdan
B
Zbyszyński
Piotr
P
Achremczyk
Jacek
J
Górski
Andrzej
A
Muder
Jerzy
J
Sadowski
Przemysław
P
Leszek
Paweł
P
Kurjata
Grażyna
G
Broda
Jerzy
J
Korewicki
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011320:Primary Health Care
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents