Gender differences in plasma biomarker levels in a cohort of COPD patients: a pilot study.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about gender differences in plasma biomarker levels in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).


OBJECTIVE
There are differences in serum biomarker levels between women and men with COPD.


OBJECTIVE
Explore gender differences in plasma biomarker levels in patients with COPD and smokers without COPD.


METHODS
We measured plasma levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-16, MCP-1, MMP-9, PARC and VEGF in 80 smokers without COPD (40 males, 40 females) and 152 stable COPD patients (76 males, 76 females) with similar airflow obstruction. We determined anthropometrics, smoking history, lung function, exercise tolerance, body composition, BODE index, co-morbidities and quality of life. We then explored associations between plasma biomarkers levels and the clinical characteristics of the patients and also with the clinical and physiological variables known to predict outcome in COPD.


RESULTS
The plasma biomarkers level explored were similar in men and women without COPD. In contrast, in patients with COPD the median value in pg/mL of IL-6 (6.26 vs 8.0, p = 0.03), IL-16 (390 vs 321, p = 0.009) and VEGF (50 vs 87, p = 0.02) differed between women and men. Adjusted for smoking history, gender was independently associated with IL-16, PARC and VEGF levels. There were also gender differences in the associations between IL-6, IL-16 and VEGF and physiologic variables that predict outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
In stable COPD patients with similar airflow obstruction, there are gender differences in plasma biomarker levels and in the association between biomarker levels and important clinical or physiological variables. Further studies should confirm our findings.
Pulmonary Department, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain. jupa65@hotmail.com
Juan P
JP
de Torres
Ciro
C
Casanova
Victor
V
Pinto-Plata
Nerea
N
Varo
Patricia
P
Restituto
Elizabeth
E
Cordoba-Lanus
Rebeca
R
Baz-Dávila
Armando
A
Aguirre-Jaime
Bartolome R
BR
Celli
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019410:Interleukin-16 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood; D010865:Pilot Projects; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000097:blood*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000097:blood; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; C111792:CCL18 protein, human; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019410:Interleukin-16; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
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