Regulation of yeast Yak1 kinase by PKA and autophosphorylation-dependent 14-3-3 binding.
Yak1 is a member of an evolutionarily conserved family of Ser/Thr protein kinases known as dual-specificity Tyr phosphorylation-regulated kinases (DYRKs). Yak1 was originally identified as a growth antagonist, which functions downstream of Ras/PKA signalling pathway. It has been known that Yak1 is phosphorylated by PKA in vitro and is translocated to the nucleus upon nutrient deprivation. However, the regulatory mechanisms for Yak1 activity and localization are largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of PKA and Bmh1, a yeast 14-3-3 protein, in regulation of Yak1. We demonstrate that PKA-dependent phosphorylation of Yak1 on Ser295 and two minor sites inhibits nuclear localization of Yak1. We also show that intramolecular autophosphorylation on at least four Ser/Thr residues in the non-catalytic N-terminal domain is required for full kinase activity of Yak1. The most potent autophosphorylation site, Thr335, plays an essential role for Bmh1 binding in collaboration with a yet unidentified second binding site in the N-terminal domain. Bmh1 binding decreases the catalytic activity of Yak1 without affecting its subcellular localization. Since the binding of 14-3-3 proteins to Yak1 coincides with PKA activity, such regulatory mechanisms might allow cytoplasmic retention of an inactive form of Yak1 under high glucose conditions.
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering Interdisciplinary Program for Bioengineering School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, 599 Gwanak-gu, Gwanak-ro, Seoul 151-744, Korea.
Peter
P
Lee
Sang-Min
SM
Paik
Chun-Shik
CS
Shin
Won-Ki
WK
Huh
Ji-Sook
JS
Hahn
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010768:Phosphoserine / Q000378:metabolism; D010769:Phosphothreonine; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; C075852:BMH1 protein, S cerevisiae; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D010769:Phosphothreonine; D010768:Phosphoserine; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C062391:YAK1 protein, S cerevisiae; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases