Transient leukoencephalopathy after intrathecal methotrexate mimicking stroke.
Methotrexate (MTX) is an indispensable antimetabolite for the treatment of oncological and immunological disorders in all age groups. It can be administrated intravenously as well as intrathecally and may be used alone or in combination with other drugs. Chronic leukoencephalopathy is a well-known side effect of MTX, especially in conjunction with intrathecal administration. However, acute neurotoxicity with confusion, disorientation, seizures, and focal deficits may also be seen. This can clinically mimic stroke with restricted diffusion on MRI. However, unlike stroke, there is resolution of clinical and imaging findings within 1-4 weeks. We report two cases of transient leukoencephalopathy following intrathecal methotrexate, with complete clinical and radiological resolutions on follow-up.
Department of Radiology, Penn State University, Hershey Medical Center, 500 University Drive, Hershey, PA 17036, USA. aagarwal1@hmc.psu.edu
Amit
A
Agarwal
Kanupriya
K
Vijay
Krishnamoorthy
K
Thamburaj
Tao
T
Ouyang
D000293:Adolescent; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D056784:Leukoencephalopathies / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D008727:Methotrexate
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