Adjuvant effect of liposome in chicken result from induction of nitric oxide.
Intranasal delivery of liposome-encapsulated inactivated Newcastle Disease virus (NDV) is known to be an effective vaccine for inducing immunity in the respiratory tract from our previous reports. Four-week-old specific pathogen-free chickens were intranasally immunized with NDV entrapped in phosphatidylcholine-liposomes (PC-Lip). The mucosal levels of anti-NDV s-immunoglobulin A (IgA), serum IgG, a high hemagglutination inhibition titer (1:640), and the high survival rate with the PC-Lip vaccine were comparable to those of our previous report. The immune mechanisms of the PC-Lip adjuvant were determined by in vitro cellular experiments using the NO production of chicken spleen macrophages. The most important finding of this study was proving that macrophages were stimulated by PC-Lip via the extracellular regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 and nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation pathways. This finding may be useful for developing potent mucosal vaccine delivery systems in the future.
Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, Taiwan.
Yuh-Feng
YF
Lin
Ming-Chung
MC
Deng
Li-Ping
LP
Tseng
Pei-Rong
PR
Jiang
Tong-Rong
TR
Jan
Fang-I
FI
Hsieh
Der-Zen
DZ
Liu
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D054709:Lecithins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D054709:Lecithins; D008081:Liposomes; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D009569:Nitric Oxide