Thinking beyond the obvious:  hepatotoxicity secondary to idiosyncratic depakote toxicity.
Depakote-induced hepatotoxicity has been well established as an adverse effect, and periodic monitoring of drug level is often required. Depakote-induced hepatotoxicity mostly occurs at supratherapeutic drug level. Rarely, an idiosyncratic response is triggered, and hepatotoxicity can occur at the therapeutic drug level mostly in chronic users. Here, we describe a rare case of idiosyncratic depakote-induced hepatotoxicity. A 25-year-old female with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, seizure disorder, and Dandy Walker Syndrome presented with an unwitnessed seizure and altered mental status. The patient's medication list included zonisamide, depakote, and synthroid. She was noted to be lethargic, disoriented, nonverbal, but awake. An arterial blood gas examination showed severe anion gap metabolic acidosis. Blood work was consistent with hepatitis, hyperammonemia, thrombocytopenia, and coagulopathy. The Depakote level was therapeutic. Head computed tomography and liver ultrasound results were not significant. After ruling out all other causes and seeing improvement of parameters after the drug was discontinued, idiosyncratic depakote toxicity was diagnosed. Based on the patient's rapid improvement; idiosyncratic valproate toxicity was confirmed. This case signifies the importance of recognizing, diagnosing, and treating depakote toxicity in chronic users who have no other explanation for their symptomatology.
Department of Internal Medicine, Long Island College Hospital/SUNY Downstate, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
Khadija H
KH
Chaudrey
Tarik B
TB
Naser
Ashley
A
Steinberg
Kuntal D
KD
Avashia
Mehdi
M
Nouri-Kolouri
Sara
S
Asadi
Shumaila I
SI
Irshad Khan
Muhammad
M
Ihsan
D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014635:Valproic Acid