Rich in vitamin C or just a convenient snack? Multiple-category reasoning with cross-classified foods.
Two studies examined multiple category reasoning in property induction with cross-classified foods. Pilot tests identified foods that were more typical of a taxonomic category (e.g., "fruit"; termed 'taxonomic primary') or a script based category (e.g., "snack foods"; termed 'script primary'). They also confirmed that taxonomic categories were perceived as more coherent than script categories. In Experiment 1 participants completed an induction task in which information from multiple categories could be searched and combined to generate a property prediction about a target food. Multiple categories were more often consulted and used in prediction for script primary than for taxonomic primary foods. Experiment 2 replicated this finding across a range of property types but found that multiple category reasoning was reduced in the presence of a concurrent cognitive load. Property type affected which categories were consulted first and how information from multiple categories was weighted. The results show that multiple categories are more likely to be used for property predictions about cross-classified objects when an object is primarily associated with a category that has low coherence.
School of Psychology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. B.Hayes@unsw.edu.au
Brett K
BK
Hayes
Hendy
H
Kurniawan
Ben R
BR
Newell
D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis*; D001244:Association; D001288:Attention; D057140:Fast Foods / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification*; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000523:psychology*; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D006801:Humans; D009753:Nutritive Value; D012660:Semantics
D001205:Ascorbic Acid
Br J Soc Psychol. 2000 Mar;39 ( Pt 1):113-27
10774531
Mem Cognit. 1999 Nov;27(6):1024-41
10586578
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Aug;14(4):629-34
17972724
Psychon Bull Rev. 2007 Oct;14(5):890-4
18087955
Mem Cognit. 2009 Sep;37(6):730-43
19679854
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1994 Mar;20(2):411-22
8151277
Psychon Bull Rev. 2010 Dec;17(6):869-74
21169582
J Pers Soc Psychol. 1995 Sep;69(3):397-407
7562387
Cogn Sci. 2009 May;33(3):301-44
21585473
Mem Cognit. 1987 Sep;15(5):397-418
3670059
Cogn Psychol. 1999 Jun;38(4):495-553
10334879
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 1996 May;22(3):736-53
8656154
Psychol Sci. 2006 May;17(5):428-33
16683931
Child Dev. 2003 Nov-Dec;74(6):1783-806
14669896
Mem Cognit. 2005 Apr;33(3):479-87
16156183
J Exp Psychol Learn Mem Cogn. 2003 Jul;29(4):641-9
12924864