Effect of different obesogenic diets on pancreatic histology in Ossabaw miniature swine.
OBJECTIVE
Obesity is a factor in the outcome and severity of pancreatic conditions. We examined the effect of hypercaloric diets on the pancreata of Ossabaw swine, a large animal model of metabolic syndrome and obesity.


METHODS
Swine were fed with 1 of 4 diets: high-fructose (n = 9), atherogenic (n = 10), modified atherogenic (n = 6), or eucaloric standard diet (n = 12) for 24 weeks. Serum chemistries were measured, and pancreata were examined for histological abnormalities including steatosis, inflammation or fibrosis, insulin content, and oxidative stress.


RESULTS
The fructose, atherogenic, and modified atherogenic diet groups exhibited obesity, metabolic syndrome, islet enlargement, and significantly increased pancreatic steatosis (22.9% ± 7.5%, 19.7% ± 7.7%, and 38.7% ± 15.3% fat in total tissue area, respectively) compared with controls (9.3% ± 1.9%; P < 0.05). The modified atherogenic diet group showed significantly increased oxidative stress levels as evidenced by elevated serum malondialdehyde (3.0 ± 3.3 vs 1.5 ± 0.3 μmol/L in controls; P = 0.006) and pancreatic malondialdehyde (0.1 ± 0.12 vs 0.04 ± 0.01 nmol/mg protein in controls; P = 0.01). None of the swine exhibited pancreatitis or cellular injury.


CONCLUSIONS
Ossabaw swine fed with a modified atherogenic diet developed significant pancreatic steatosis and increased oxidative stress, but no other histological abnormalities were observed.
Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Allison M
AM
Fullenkamp
Lauren N
LN
Bell
Reiesha D
RD
Robbins
Lydia
L
Lee
Romil
R
Saxena
Mouhamad
M
Alloosh
James E
JE
Klaunig
Raghavendra G
RG
Mirmira
Michael
M
Sturek
Naga
N
Chalasani
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D002149:Energy Intake; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000209:etiology; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D065626:Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
D005632:Fructose; D008315:Malondialdehyde
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