Bone response to hydroxyapatites with open porosity of animal origin (porcine [OsteoBiol mp3] and bovine [Endobon]): a radiological and histomorphometric study.
OBJECTIVE
To carry out a radiological and histomorphometric evaluation of bone response to two xenografts of animal origin, one porcine, and the other bovine, inserted in rabbits' tibiae.


METHODS
Twenty New Zealand rabbits weighing 3900-4500 g were used. Twenty bovine bone grafts (Endobon) in granulated form of 500-1000 μm granulometry were inserted in the proximal metaphyseal area of the animals' right tibia, and 20 porcine bone grafts (OsteoBiol mp3) in granulated form of 600-1000 μm granulometry were inserted in the proximal metaphyseal area of the animals' left tibia. Following graft insertion, the animals were sacrificed in four groups of five, after 1, 2, 3 and 4 months, respectively. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were taken. Samples were processed for observation under light microscopy. Histomorphometric measurements were presented as mean values ± standard deviations.


RESULTS
At 4 months after treatment, the bone defects displayed radiological images that showed complete repair of osseous defects. Histomorphometric evaluation showed that for the porcine xenograft, the study averages for newly formed bone represented 22.8 ± 1.8%, for residual graft material 23.6 ± 3% and for connective tissue 53.5 ± 2.5%, while for the bovine xenograft newly formed bone represented 23.1 ± 1.8%, residual graft material 39.4 ± 3% and non-mineralized connective tissue 37.5 ± 2.5%.


CONCLUSIONS
The biomaterials assessed in the study were shown to be biocompatible and osteoconductive. Collagenized porcine xenografts proved more resorbable than bovine xenografts. Both can be used as possible bone substitutes without interfering with normal reparative bone processes.
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Aging Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Traumatology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
MaPiedad
M
Ramírez-Fernández
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Aging Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Traumatology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Jose Luis
JL
Calvo-Guirado
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Aging Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Traumatology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Rafael Arcesio
RA
Delgado-Ruiz
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Aging Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Traumatology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
José Eduardo
JE
Maté-Sánchez Del Val
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Aging Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Traumatology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Vicente
V
Vicente-Ortega
Department of Implant Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Aging Institute, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, SpainDepartment of Traumatology, University Hospital Virgen de la Arrixaca, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Luis
L
Meseguer-Olmos
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002417:Cattle; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D016062:Porosity; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D013552:Swine; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C104266:endobon