Development of genic-SSR markers by deep transcriptome sequencing in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh].
BACKGROUND
Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millspaugh], one of the most important food legumes of semi-arid tropical and subtropical regions, has limited genomic resources, particularly expressed sequence based (genic) markers. We report a comprehensive set of validated genic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers using deep transcriptome sequencing, and its application in genetic diversity analysis and mapping.


RESULTS
In this study, 43,324 transcriptome shotgun assembly unigene contigs were assembled from 1.696 million 454 GS-FLX sequence reads of separate pooled cDNA libraries prepared from leaf, root, stem and immature seed of two pigeonpea varieties, Asha and UPAS 120. A total of 3,771 genic-SSR loci, excluding homopolymeric and compound repeats, were identified; of which 2,877 PCR primer pairs were designed for marker development. Dinucleotide was the most common repeat motif with a frequency of 60.41%, followed by tri- (34.52%), hexa- (2.62%), tetra- (1.67%) and pentanucleotide (0.76%) repeat motifs. Primers were synthesized and tested for 772 of these loci with repeat lengths of ≥ 18 bp. Of these, 550 markers were validated for consistent amplification in eight diverse pigeonpea varieties; 71 were found to be polymorphic on agarose gel electrophoresis. Genetic diversity analysis was done on 22 pigeonpea varieties and eight wild species using 20 highly polymorphic genic-SSR markers. The number of alleles at these loci ranged from 4-10 and the polymorphism information content values ranged from 0.46 to 0.72. Neighbor-joining dendrogram showed distinct separation of the different groups of pigeonpea cultivars and wild species. Deep transcriptome sequencing of the two parental lines helped in silico identification of polymorphic genic-SSR loci to facilitate the rapid development of an intra-species reference genetic map, a subset of which was validated for expected allelic segregation in the reference mapping population.


CONCLUSIONS
We developed 550 validated genic-SSR markers in pigeonpea using deep transcriptome sequencing. From these, 20 highly polymorphic markers were used to evaluate the genetic relationship among species of the genus Cajanus. A comprehensive set of genic-SSR markers was developed as an important genomic resource for diversity analysis and genetic mapping in pigeonpea.
National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110 012, India.
Sutapa
S
Dutta
Giriraj
G
Kumawat
Bikram P
BP
Singh
Deepak K
DK
Gupta
Sangeeta
S
Singh
Vivek
V
Dogra
Kishor
K
Gaikwad
Tilak R
TR
Sharma
Ranjeet S
RS
Raje
Tapas K
TK
Bandhopadhya
Subhojit
S
Datta
Mahendra N
MN
Singh
Fakrudin
F
Bashasab
Pawan
P
Kulwal
K B
KB
Wanjari
Rajeev
R
K Varshney
Douglas R
DR
Cook
Nagendra K
NK
Singh
D000483:Alleles; D036561:Cajanus / Q000235:genetics*; D019295:Computational Biology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005838:Genotype; D059014:High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing / Q000379:methods*; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013045:Species Specificity
D005819:Genetic Markers
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