Anticoagulant use in cancer patients.
BACKGROUND
the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer adversely affects their prognosis. Several autopsy- and population-based studies have clearly shown a negative impact of VTE on patient outcome in cancer patients.


METHODS
an up-to-date review of VTE prophylaxis and treatment in cancer patients is provided with some insights on areas of uncertainty to be answered in the near future. Particular attention is paid to recent cohort studies, randomized clinical trials and consensus guidelines.


CONCLUSIONS
cancer patients at a higher risk for VTE may be identified with five variables easily available before initiation of chemotherapy. Long-term treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) demonstrated a superior efficacy over vitamin K antagonists. The intensity and duration of anticoagulant therapy should be tailored to the risk of VTE recurrences or bleeding in an individual patient.
Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Univeritario Santa María del Rosell, Cartagena, Spain.
Javier
J
Trujillo-Santos
Manuel
M
Monreal
D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D054556:Venous Thromboembolism / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014812:Vitamin K / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D000925:Anticoagulants; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D014812:Vitamin K