Association of apolipoprotein E promoter polymorphisms with bone structural traits is modified by dietary saturated fat intake - the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study.
Association of apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) bone traits at the distal and shaft sites of the radius and tibia was evaluated in the Young Finns Cohort (n=1777). We also analyzed the interactions of the APOE promoter polymorphisms (-219G/T rs405509 and +113G/C rs440446) and bone traits within the APOE ε3/ε3 genotype (n=1025 and n=1013, respectively), and investigated the gene-environment interactions on bone traits with longitudinal saturated fatty acids (SAFA) intake. Differences between the ε4 allele carriers and noncarriers were modest and mostly nonsignificant. Within the APOE promoter -219G/T polymorphism, cortical strength index (CSI) and compressive bone strength index (BSI) at the distal radius (linear, P=0.003 and P=0.05, respectively) and tibia (linear, P=0.01 and P=0.03, respectively), and CSI at the tibial shaft (linear, P=0.04) decreased towards the -219T/T genotype in women. In men, total cross-sectional areas at the radial site and stress-strain index (SSI) at the radial shaft (linear, P=0.03 and P=0.04 and P=0.05, respectively) increased, and conversely cortical bone density and CSI at the radial shaft (linear, P=0.005 and P=0.05, respectively) and CSI at the tibial shaft (linear, P=0.03) decreased towards the -219T/T genotype. In the highest SAFA tertile, women with the -219T/T genotype had the smallest total area and SSI at the radial shaft (P=0.01 and P=0.02, respectively). Subjects with the APOE +113C/C genotype shared similar bone traits as subjects with the APOE -219T/T genotype. In conclusion, APOE genotypes -219T/T and +113C/C could be genetic markers for cortical bone strength. Furthermore, high longitudinal SAFA intake seems to be more detrimental to bone in women with the -219T/T and +133C/C genotypes than others.
Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland.
Sanna
S
Tolonen
Vera
V
Mikkilä
Marika
M
Laaksonen
Harri
H
Sievänen
Nina
N
Mononen
Jussi
J
Hernesniemi
Kimmo
K
Vehkalahti
Jorma
J
Viikari
Olli
O
Raitakari
Mika
M
Kähönen
Terho
T
Lehtimäki
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011859:Radiography; D011884:Radius / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012307:Risk Factors; D013977:Tibia / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D002784:Cholesterol