Label-free single-molecule detection of DNA-hybridization kinetics with a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor.
Single-molecule measurements of biomolecules can provide information about the molecular interactions and kinetics that are hidden in ensemble measurements. However, there is a requirement for techniques with improved sensitivity and time resolution for use in exploring biomolecular systems with fast dynamics. Here, we report the detection of DNA hybridization at the single-molecule level using a carbon nanotube field-effect transistor. By covalently attaching a single-stranded probe DNA sequence to a point defect in a carbon nanotube, we are able to measure two-level fluctuations in the conductance of the nanotube in the presence of a complementary DNA target. The kinetics of the system are studied as a function of temperature, allowing the measurement of rate constants, melting curves and activation energies for different sequences and target concentrations. The kinetics demonstrate non-Arrhenius behaviour, in agreement with DNA hybridization experiments using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. This technique is label-free and could be used to probe single-molecule dynamics at microsecond timescales.
Department of Electrical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA.
Sebastian
S
Sorgenfrei
Chien-yang
CY
Chiu
Ruben L
RL
Gonzalez
Young-Jun
YJ
Yu
Philip
P
Kim
Colin
C
Nuckolls
Kenneth L
KL
Shepard
D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism*; D004566:Electrodes; D007700:Kinetics; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D056004:Molecular Dynamics Simulation; D036103:Nanotechnology; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization / Q000379:methods*; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014173:Transistors, Electronic
D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D009841:Oligonucleotides
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