Suppression of T-cell responses by tumor metabolites.
Tumor cells have developed multiple mechanisms to escape T-cell-mediated immune recognition. Recent work has revealed that the altered tumor metabolism depletes essential nutrients or leads to the accumulation of immunosuppressive metabolites in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the suppressive activity of some metabolic key players, which are upregulated in human tumor cells, including indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), arginase, inducible nitric oxide synthetase (iNOS), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)-A, on the adaptive immune system. A better understanding of the impact of metabolic alterations of tumor cells on effector T-cell functions could lead to new therapeutic strategies to improve the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy.
Department of Internal Medicine 5, Hematology/Oncology, University of Erlangen, Krankenhausstrasse 12, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Katrin
K
Singer
Eva
E
Gottfried
Marina
M
Kreutz
Andreas
A
Mackensen
D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D059016:Tumor Microenvironment / Q000276:immunology*
D019344:Lactic Acid
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