Late effects in childhood cancer survivors: a review with a framing effect bias?
Most publications report the adverse (negative) health issues in childhood cancer survivors. Presenting information to the newly diagnosed patient in a positive manner is advocated, while noting that recurrence is the most likely adverse event. Re-analysis of population-based studies on life-threatening toxicities from Nordic, Dutch, United Kingdom, French, Italian, and N. American publications shows that 5-year survivors have a near normal life expectancy, 75% have no severe or life-threatening treatment related toxicity and 87% remain free of a second malignancy. Children who received radiation or anthracycline >250-300 mg/m(2) are at greatest risk for treatment related life-threatening toxicities.
Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. cfryer@cw.bc.ca
Christopher
C
Fryer
D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D017741:Survivors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents