Ecto-phosphatases in protozoan parasites: possible roles in nutrition, growth and ROS sensing.
The cellular plasma membrane contains enzymes whose active sites face the external medium rather than the cytoplasm. The activities of these enzymes, referred to as ecto-enzymes, can be measured using living cells. Ecto-phosphatases are ecto-enzymes that presumably hydrolyze extracellular phosphorylated substrates, releasing free inorganic phosphate. Although, several alternative functions have been suggested for these enzymes, such as participation in proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, virulence, and infection, little is known about the physiological roles of these enzymes in protozoa parasites. In this review, we discuss the principal features of ecto-phosphatases in protozoan parasites that are causative agents of important diseases such as Chagas' disease, leishmaniasis, amoebiasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis and, sleeping sickness.
Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
Daniela
D
Cosentino-Gomes
José Roberto
JR
Meyer-Fernandes
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D010271:Parasites / Q000201:enzymology*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000502:physiology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
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