Protective role of diallyl tetrasulfide on cadmium-induced testicular damage in adult rats: a biochemical and histological study.
Cadmium (Cd)-induced oxidative damage is the most serious problem that leads to reproductive system failure in both human and animals. Our previous studies indicate that diallyl tetrasulfide (DTS) from garlic has the cytoprotective and antioxidant activity against Cd-induced toxicity in vivo and in vitro. The present investigation was carried out to find the influence of DTS on peroxidative damage induced by Cd in rat testes. The Cd-exposed rat testis showed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in testes to body weight ratio, along with a significant (p < 0.05) increase in Cd accumulation, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl levels. In Cd-exposed rats, we also observed a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the activities of antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) and glutathione metabolizing (glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase) enzymes as well as reduced levels of non-enzymic (reduced glutathione, ascorbate and total sulphydryl groups) antioxidants. In contrast, treatment with DTS (40 mg/kg body weight orally) significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the accumulation of Cd and lipid peroxidation markers and also significantly improved the activities of antioxidant defense system in testes. Testicular protection by DTS is further substantiated by remarkable reduction of Cd-induced pathological changes. Our study has revealed that DTS renders protection against Cd-induced testicular injury by reducing Cd-mediated oxidative damage.
Department of Medicine, Brown University School of Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA. Ponnusamy_Murugavel@brown.edu
Murugavel
M
Ponnusamy
Leelavinothan
L
Pari
D000498:Allyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D005737:Garlic / Q000737:chemistry; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D050050:Protein Carbonylation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013440:Sulfides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology*
D000498:Allyl Compounds; D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013440:Sulfides; D002104:Cadmium; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C431585:diallyl tetrasulfide