Structures of sequential open states in a symmetrical opening transition of the TolC exit duct.
In bacterial drug resistance and virulence pumps, an inner membrane (IM) transporter and periplasmic adaptor recruit an outer membrane (OM) trimeric TolC exit duct that projects an α-helical tunnel across the periplasm. The TolC periplasmic entrance is closed by densely packed α-helical coiled coils, inner H7/H8, and outer H3/H4, constrained by a hydrogen bond network. On recruitment, these coiled coils must undergo transition to the open state. We present 2.9 Å resolution crystal structures of two sequential TolC open states in which the network is incrementally disrupted and channel conductances defined in lipid bilayers. Superimposition of TolC(RS) (370 pS) and TolC(YFRS) (1,000 pS) on the TolC(WT) closed state (80 pS) showed that in the initial open-state TolC(RS), relaxation already causes approximately 14° twisting and expansion of helix H7 at the periplasmic tip, increasing interprotomer distances from 12.2 Å in TolC(WT) to 18.9 Å. However, in the crystal structure, the weakened Asp(374) pore constriction was maintained at the closed state 11.3 Å(2). In the advanced open-state TolC(YFRS), there was little further expansion at the tip, to interprotomer 21.3 Å, but substantial movement of inner and outer coiled coils dilated the pore constriction. In particular, upon abolition of the TolC(YFRS) intraprotomer Tyr(362)-Asp(153) link, a redirection of Tyr(362) and "bulge" in H3 allowed a simple movement outward of H8, establishing a 50.3 Å(2) opening. Root mean square deviations (rmsds) over the coiled coils of the three protomers of TolC(RS) and TolC(YFRS) illustrate that, whereas independent movement at the periplasmic tips may feature in the initial stages of opening, full dilation of the pore constriction is entirely symmetrical.
Department of Pathology, Cambridge University, Cambridge CB2 1QP, United Kingdom.
Xue-Yuan
XY
Pei
Philip
P
Hinchliffe
Martyn F
MF
Symmons
Eva
E
Koronakis
Roland
R
Benz
Colin
C
Hughes
Vassilis
V
Koronakis
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D001692:Biological Transport; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C073126:tolC protein, E coli
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