Obesity hypertension: the regulatory role of leptin.
Leptin is a 16-kDa-peptide hormone that is primarily synthesized and secreted by adipose tissue. One of the major actions of this hormone is the control of energy balance by binding to receptors in the hypothalamus, leading to reduction in food intake and elevation in temperature and energy expenditure. In addition, increasing evidence suggests that leptin, through both direct and indirect mechanisms, may play an important role in cardiovascular and renal regulation. While the relevance of endogenous leptin needs further clarification, it appears to function as a pressure and volume-regulating factor under conditions of health. However, in abnormal situations characterized by chronic hyperleptinemia such as obesity, it may function pathophysiologically for the development of hypertension and possibly also for direct renal, vascular, and cardiac damage.
Department of Internal Medicine, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.
Shilpa
S
Kshatriya
Kan
K
Liu
Ali
A
Salah
Tamas
T
Szombathy
Ronald H
RH
Freeman
Garry P
GP
Reams
Robert M
RM
Spear
Daniel
D
Villarreal
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