Cysteine S-glycosylation, a new post-translational modification found in glycopeptide bacteriocins.
O-Glycosylation is a ubiquitous eukaryotic post-translational modification, whereas early reports of S-linked glycopeptides have never been verified. Prokaryotes also glycosylate proteins, but there are no confirmed examples of sidechain glycosylation in ribosomal antimicrobial polypeptides collectively known as bacteriocins. Here we show that glycocin F, a bacteriocin secreted by Lactobacillus plantarum KW30, is modified by an N-acetylglucosamine β-O-linked to Ser18, and an N-acetylhexosamine S-linked to C-terminal Cys43. The O-linked N-acetylglucosamine is essential for bacteriostatic activity, and the C-terminus is required for full potency (IC(50) 2 nM). Genomic context analysis identified diverse putative glycopeptide bacteriocins in Firmicutes. One of these, the reputed lantibiotic sublancin, was shown to contain a hexose S-linked to Cys22.
Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Judith
J
Stepper
Shilpa
S
Shastri
Trevor S
TS
Loo
Joanne C
JC
Preston
Petr
P
Novak
Petr
P
Man
Christopher H
CH
Moore
Vladimír
V
Havlíček
Mark L
ML
Patchett
Gillian E
GE
Norris
D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000378:metabolism; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000378:metabolism; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D056546:Lactobacillales / Q000187:drug effects; D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D012694:Serine
D001430:Bacteriocins; D006020:Glycopeptides; D006595:Hexosamines; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; C557037:glycocin F, Lactobacillus plantarum; C114602:sublancin 168; D012694:Serine; D003545:Cysteine; D000117:Acetylglucosamine