title: M cells prefer archaeosomes: an in vitro/in vivo snapshot upon oral gavage in rats.
abstract: The archaeolipids (lipids extracted from archaebacterias) are non saponificable molecules that form self sealed mono or bilayers (archaeosomes-ARC). Different to liposomes with bilayers made of conventional glycerophospholipids, the bilayer of ARC posses a higher structural resistance to physico chemical and enzymatic degradation and surface hydrophobicity. In this work we have compared the binding capacity of ARC exclusively made of archaeols containing a minor fraction of sulphoglycophospholipids, with that of liposomes in gel phase on M-like cells in vitro. The biodistribution of the radiopharmaceutical (99m)Tc-DTPA loaded in ARC vs that of liposomes upon oral administration to Wistar rats was also determined. The fluorescence of M-like cells upon 1 and 2h incubation with ARC loaded with the hydrophobic dye Rhodamine-PE (Rh-PE) and the hydrophilic dye pyranine (HPTS) dissolved in the aqueous space, was 4 folds higher than upon incubation with equally labeled liposomes. Besides, 15% of Rh-PE and 13 % of HPTS from ARC and not from liposomes, were found in the bottom wells, a place that is equivalent to the basolateral pocket from M cells. This fact suggested the occurrence of transcytosis of ARC. Finally, 4 h upon oral administration, ARC were responsible for the 22.3 % (3.5 folds higher than liposomes) shuttling of (99m)Tc-DTPA to the blood circulation. This important amount of radioactive marker in blood could be a consequence of an extensive uptake of ARC by M cells in vivo, probably favored by their surface hydrophobicity. Taken together, these results suggested that ARC, proven their adjuvant capacity when administered by parenteral route and high biocompatibility, could be a suitable new type of nanoparticulate material that could be used as adjuvants by the oral route.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Nanomedicinas, Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad Nacional de Quilmas, Roque Saenz Peña 352, Bernal, B1876 BXD, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Morilla
authors.forename: Diego Mengual
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Mirel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Henia
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Balter
authors.forename: Maria Victoria Defain
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Tesoriero
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roncaglia
authors.forename: Eder L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001105:Archaea / Q000737:chemistry; D001190:Arylsulfonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D005995:Glyceryl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D057900:Transcytosis / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001190:Arylsulfonates; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005995:Glyceryl Ethers; D008081:Liposomes; D012235:Rhodamines; C094417:archaeol lipid; C005047:pyranine; D016284:Technetium Tc 99m Pentetate