title: Calcium absorption in very low birth weight infants with and without bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of early bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on calcium (Ca) metabolism and growth in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  A dual-tracer, stable isotope method was used to assess Ca absorption in VLBW infants. Infants with early BPD received energy-dense feedings and mild fluid restriction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen of 41 preterm infants were classified as having early BPD. Fractional Ca absorption (early BPD, 58.4 ± 4.6% versus no early BPD, 50.3 ± 4.0%, P = .2), total Ca absorption (early BPD, 127 ± 14 mg/kg/d versus no early BPD, 104 ± 9 mg/kg/d, P = .9), and Ca retention (early BPD, 99.6 ± 10.0 mg/kg/d versus no early BPD, 91.0 ± 9.8 mg/kg/d, P = .2) were similar among groups. There was no significant difference in weight gain, linear growth, or head circumference growth between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ability of VLBW infants with early BPD and fluid restriction to grow and accrete calcium is similar to those without early BPD. The use of high caloric density feedings in VLBW infants with early BPD can help achieve bone and overall growth outcomes close to those achievable in utero.
authors.affiliation: United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA. pennih@bcm.edu
authors.forename: Penni D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Stefanie P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Keli M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
authors.forename: Zhensheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002417:Cattle; D006801:Humans; D041943:Infant Formula; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight / Q000378:metabolism*; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008892:Milk; D008895:Milk, Human; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010758:Phosphorus; D002118:Calcium