title: Cells respond to mechanical stress by rapid disassembly of caveolae.
abstract: The functions of caveolae, the characteristic plasma membrane invaginations, remain debated. Their abundance in cells experiencing mechanical stress led us to investigate their role in membrane-mediated mechanical response. Acute mechanical stress induced by osmotic swelling or by uniaxial stretching results in a rapid disappearance of caveolae, in a reduced caveolin/Cavin1 interaction, and in an increase of free caveolins at the plasma membrane. Tether-pulling force measurements in cells and in plasma membrane spheres demonstrate that caveola flattening and disassembly is the primary actin- and ATP-independent cell response that buffers membrane tension surges during mechanical stress. Conversely, stress release leads to complete caveola reassembly in an actin- and ATP-dependent process. The absence of a functional caveola reservoir in myotubes from muscular dystrophic patients enhanced membrane fragility under mechanical stress. Our findings support a new role for caveolae as a physiological membrane reservoir that quickly accommodates sudden and acute mechanical stresses.
authors.affiliation: Université P. et M. Curie/CNRS UMR, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Bidisha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Darius
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Köster
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruez
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gonnord
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bastiani
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Abankwa
authors.forename: Radu V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Stan
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Butler-Browne
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vedie
authors.forename: Ludger
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johannes
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morone
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Parton
authors.forename: Graça
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Raposo
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sens
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lamaze
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nassoy
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D021941:Caveolae / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002460:Cell Line; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate