title: First survey of the three gene polymorphisms (PON1 Q192R, eNOS E298D and eNOS C-786T) potentially associated with coronary artery spasm in African populations and comparison with worldwide data.
abstract: Three polymorphisms, Paraoxonase 1 (PON1) Q192R (C/G), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) E298D (G/T) and eNOS T-786C have been suggested to be potentially associated with coronary artery spasm in Japanese patients. Data on worldwide populations are needed to clarify whether these associations could hold true for other populations. However, few data are available especially in Africans, spasm of which has been suggested to be an aetiology of myocardial infarction. Therefore, these polymorphisms were investigated in three Africans, Ovambos (n = 123), Ghanians (n = 118) and Xhosas (n = 96), together with Japanese (n = 96), by using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. Genotype-distributions of all these SNPs in African populations were significantly different from those in Caucasians, whereas were similar to those in Japanese population. African populations exhibit relatively higher frequency of spasm-associated G192 allele in PON1 Q192R being similar to Japanese population, however frequencies of spasm-associated T298 allele and -C786 allele in SNP eNOS E298D and T-786C, respectively, were conversely lower in Africans than Caucasians. Although healthy subjects have been recruited in this study, these findings may provide genetic background for elucidation of aetiology of spasm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, Shimane, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koda
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soejima
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura-Kataoka
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeshita
mesh_terms: D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D044383:Black People / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D003329:Coronary Vasospasm / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human