title: Tai chi Qigong improves lung functions and activity tolerance in COPD clients: a single blind, randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of a Tai chi Qigong (TCQ) program in enhancing respiratory functions and activity tolerance in clients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-blind, randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five general outpatient clinics in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 206 COPD clients were randomly assigned into one of the three groups, namely, TCQ, exercise, and control group. Subjects in the TCQ group received a TCQ program consisting of two 60-min sessions each week for three months. Subjects in the exercise group were taught to practice breathing techniques combined with walking as an exercise. Subjects in the control group were instructed to maintain their usual activities. Data collection was performed at baseline and at the 6-week and 3-month marks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lung functions, 6-min walk test, and COPD exacerbation rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results of repeated measures of analysis of covariance demonstrated that there were significant interaction effects between time and group in forced vital capacity (p=.002, η(2)=.06), forced expiratory volume in 1s (p<.001, η(2)=.02), walking distance (p<.001), and exacerbation rate (p=.006, η(2)=.06) at 3 months. Improvements were noted in the TCQ group. No changes were observed in the exercise group, while a decline in lung functions was noticed in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tai chi Qigong was able to improve respiratory functions and activity tolerance level in COPD clients. The breathing and walking exercise helped maintain lung functions and slow down disease progression.
authors.affiliation: The Nethersole School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Esther Lee Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT, Hong Kong. aileenchan@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Aileen W K
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lorna K P
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Suen
authors.forename: Wilson W S
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Tam
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000628:therapy*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013147:Spirometry; D026302:Tai Ji; D016896:Treatment Outcome