title: Adiponectin, leptin, and lipid profile in type 1 diabetic children and adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipose tissue is known to produce and secrete a variety of bioactive substances known as adipocytokines. Adiponectin and leptin are considered to be among the most important adipocytokines:
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to explore the relationships between adipocytokines (adiponectin and leptin), plasma lipoprotein lipid, and diabetic control indices in type 1 diabetic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study 63 clinically diagnosed type 1 diabetic subjects and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were analyzed. Age, sex, diabetic duration, family history of diabetes, daily insulin dose, weight, height, body mass index, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded. Fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin A(1c), total hemoglobin, plasma lipoprotein, lipid and plasma concentrations of adiponectin and leptin were measured in type 1 diabetic subjects and control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study a significant increase in triglycerides and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma of type 1 diabetics was found as compared with normal control subjects. In type 1diabetic subjects, plasma adiponectin was significantly elevated, whereas leptin showed a significant decrease as compared to a normal control group. Leptin concentrations showed a positive correlation with body mass index and systolic blood pressure but a negative correlation with both fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobinA(1c).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that blood leptin but not adiponectin concentrations have a significant correlation with indices of glycemic control.
authors.affiliation: National Nutrition Institute, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Awatif M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abd El-Maksoud
authors.forename: Mohammed H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: El Hefnawy
authors.forename: Abdel-Rahman B
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Abdel-Ghaffar
authors.forename: Emad F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Eskander
authors.forename: Hanaa H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Dina M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Seoudi
authors.forename: Shaymaa M M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yahya
authors.forename: Ibrahim H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kamal