title: The effects of visual presentation method on single-trial free recall.
abstract: In two experiments four different conditions of visual presentation were studied with the purpose of furthering our understanding of the role of temporal and spatial factors underlying modality effects in single-trial free recall. Enriching spatial factors in the visual presentation did not produce a higher performance in the recency part of the serial-position curve, and it was therefore concluded that the modality effect could not be due to any visual handicap. A lag distribution measure was suggested and applied to the data to characterize output order (the order of recall) in single-trial free recall. The two experiments carried out used a within-subjects and a between-subjects design, respectively, and illustrate the importance of the methodological difference between these two designs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, MSS 1A1, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Murdock