title: Comparison of transplantation of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and stem cell mobilization by granulocyte colony stimulating factor after traumatic brain injury in rat.
abstract: Recent clinical studies of treating traumatic brain injury (TBI) with autologous adult stem cells led us to compare effect of intravenous injection of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cell mobilization, induced by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), in rats with a cortical compact device.
  
  
  
  Forty adult male Wistar rats were injured with controlled cortical impact device and divided randomly into four groups. The treatment groups were injected with 2 × 106 intravenous bone marrow stromal stem cell (n = 10) and also with subcutaneous G-CSF (n = 10) and sham-operation group (n = 10) received PBS and "bromodeoxyuridine (Brdu)" alone, i.p. All injections were performed 1 day after injury into the tail veins of rats. All cells were labeled with Brdu before injection into the tail veins of rats. Functional neurological evaluation of animals was performed before and after injury using modified neurological severity scores (mNSS). Animals were sacrificed 42 days after TBI and brain sections were stained by Brdu immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  
  Statistically, significant improvement in functional outcome was observed in treatment groups compared with control group (P<0.01). mNSS showed no significant difference between the BMSC and G-CSF-treated groups during the study period (end of the trial). Histological analyses showed that Brdu-labeled (MSC) were present in the lesion boundary zone at 42nd day in all injected animals.
  
  
  
  In our study, we found that administration of a bone marrow-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and BMSC in a TBI model provides functional benefits.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Dept. of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakhtiary
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marzban
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.|Dept. of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mehdizadeh
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Taghi
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Joghataei
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medical Physics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Samideh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khoei
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Vahid
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pirhajati Mahabadi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Immunology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Bahareh
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laribi
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anatomy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mahdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tondar
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 
  Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moshkforoush
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009562:Nissl Bodies / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000637:transplantation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine