title: Extranigral extension of structural midbrain lesions overshadows parkinsonism.
abstract: We report on a clinicoanatomical analysis of five patients with structural midbrain lesions who shared severe nigrostriatal dopaminergic denervation but presented different involuntary movements. The main clinical phenotype was parkinsonism in only one case; it was choreoballism in three cases and tremor and dystonia in one case. Structural midbrain lesions are likely to involve structures additional to nigral dopaminergic neurons. The extent of extranigral involvement may determine the diverse clinical manifestations associated with the structural midbrain lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hee Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yu Kyeong
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Gwanhee
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Erm
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Beom S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*