title: In vivo biological performance of a novel highly bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate®): A biomechanical and histomorphometric study in rat tibial defects.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate bone responses to a novel bioactive fully crystallized glass-ceramic of the quaternary system P(2)O(5)-Na(2)O-CaO-SiO(2) (Biosilicate®). Although a previous study demonstrated positive effects of Biosilicate® on in vitro bone-like matrix formation, its in vivo effect was not studied yet. Male Wistar rats (n = 40) with tibial defects were used. Four experimental groups were designed to compare this novel biomaterial with a gold standard bioactive material (Bioglass® 45S5), unfilled defects and intact controls. A three-point bending test was performed 20 days after the surgical procedure, as well as the histomorphometric analysis in two regions of interest: cortical bone and medullary canal where the particulate biomaterial was implanted. The biomechanical test revealed a significant increase in the maximum load at failure and stiffness in the Biosilicate® group (vs. control defects), whose values were similar to uninjured bones. There were no differences in the cortical bone parameters in groups with bone defects, but a great deal of woven bone was present surrounding Biosilicate® and Bioglass® 45S5 particulate. Although both bioactive materials supported significant higher bone formation; Biosilicate® was superior to Bioglass® 45S5 in some histomorphometric parameters (bone volume and number of osteoblasts). Regarding bone resorption, Biosilicate® group showed significant higher number of osteoclasts per unit of tissue area than defect and intact controls, despite of the non-significant difference in the osteoclastic surface as percentage of bone surface. This study reveals that the fully crystallized Biosilicate® has good bone-forming and bone-bonding properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Post-Graduate Program of Physiotherapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, SP, Brazil. re_neves@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: Renata N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Granito
authors.forename: Ana Claudia
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rennó
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ravagnani
authors.forename: Paulo S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bossini
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mochiuti
authors.forename: Vanda
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jorgetti
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Driusso
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Peitl
authors.forename: Edgar D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Zanotto
authors.forename: Nivaldo A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Parizotto
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oishi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002516:Ceramics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D009929:Organ Size; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013977:Tibia / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C022107:Bioglass; D018786:Bone Substitutes