title: Long-term results after modified Brostrom procedure without calcaneofibular ligament reconstruction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The short-term results of modified Brostrom procedures (MBP) have been satisfactory. However, the long-term results of anatomical reconstruction have been less frequently reported. We report on our long-term results in our patient group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with chronic ankle instability who were treated using the MBP without CFL reconstruction from March 1997 to June 1999 were evaluated retrospectively. This consecutive series of patients was comprised of 26 males and four females. The mean age of the patients at the time of operation was 23 years. The mean followup period was 10.6 years. Twenty-four of the 30 were high-level amateur or professional athletes. The operation procedure involved only ATFL imbrication with inferior extensor retinaculum (IER) reinforcement. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by reviewing clinical charts, retrospectively. Functional outcome scores were obtained using the Hamilton scale, a VAS, and AOFAS score at final followup visit, when each patient underwent a physical examination and stress radiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean AOFAS score was 91 and the mean VAS at final followup was 87. According to the Hamilton classification, 12 achieved an excellent result, 16 a good result, and two a fair result. Mean anterior translation values at final followup were 6.9 and 6.1 mm on ipsilateral and contralateral sides. Furthermore, mean talar tilt angles were 3.0 and 2.5 degrees for ipsilateral and contralateral sides. Twenty-eight of the 30 patients were restored to pre-injury activity levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term surgical results of the MBP without CFL reconstruction for chronic lateral ankle instability were good to excellent in terms of functional, clinical, and radiographic assessments.
authors.affiliation: Foot and Ankle Clinic, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Tai
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Uk
authors.initials: YU
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jin Su
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jun Beom
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki Chun
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Kyun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D056352:Athletes; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000601:surgery*; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult