title: Combined mirror visual and auditory feedback therapy for upper limb phantom pain: a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phantom limb sensation and phantom limb pain is a very common issue after amputations. In recent years there has been accumulating data implicating 'mirror visual feedback' or 'mirror therapy' as helpful in the treatment of phantom limb sensation and phantom limb pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present the case of a 24-year-old Caucasian man, a left upper limb amputee, treated with mirror visual feedback combined with auditory feedback with improved pain relief.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case may suggest that auditory feedback might enhance the effectiveness of mirror visual feedback and serve as a valuable addition to the complex multi-sensory processing of body perception in patients who are amputees.
authors.affiliation: Boston University Medical Center, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, 732 Harrison Avenue, F-511, Boston, MA, 02118-2398, USA. Gdelia.Wilcher@bmc.org.
authors.forename: Delia G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Wilcher
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chernev
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yan