title: Relationship between the course of depression symptoms and the left ventricular mass index and left ventricular filling pressure in chronic haemodialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple measurements of depression symptoms over time were more predictive of cardiovascular mortality than a single time measurement performed at baseline. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association of the course of depression symptoms, based on repeated assessments of depression symptoms over time, with left ventricular mass index (LVMI) and left ventricular filling pressure (LVFP) in patients on haemodialysis (HD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The level of depression symptoms in 61 patients on HD were prospectively assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) at baseline and at three intervals (5, 10, 15 months). Doppler echocardiographic examinations were performed at the end of follow up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of follow up, the patients were divided into three groups according to their course of depression symptoms: non-depression (n = 21), intermittent depression (n = 23) and persistent depression (n = 17). LVMI and LVFP were significantly increased in the persistent depression symptoms group compared to those of the non-depression symptoms group and the intermittent depression symptoms group. Persistent depression symptoms were independently associated with LVMI (β-coefficient = 0.347, P = 0.017) and LVFP (β-coefficient = 0.274, P = 0.048) after adjustment for age, sex, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, diabetes and interdialytic weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, persistent depression symptoms were associated with left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Our data may provide a more complete understanding of cardiovascular risk associated with depression symptoms in patients on HD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Kyun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chan S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ihm
authors.forename: Hee-Yeol
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tai Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Dai J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chi-Un
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Pae
authors.forename: Ho C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yong-Soo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Euy J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*