title: Anti-clastogenic potential of carnosic acid against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced clastogenesis.
abstract: Carnosic acid, a primary phenolic compound found in the leaves of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), has diverse pharmacological and biological activities. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anti-clastogenic effect of carnosic acid in DMBA-induced clastogenesis. The frequency of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs), chromosomal aberrations (cytogenetic end points), the status of Phase I and II detoxification enzymes, lipid peroxidation by-products and antioxidants (biochemical endpoints) were analyzed to assess the anti-clastogenic effect of carnosic acid in DMBA-induced clastogenesis. Oral pretreatment of carnosic acid for five days to DMBA-treated hamsters significantly protected DMBA-induced clastogenesis as well as biochemical abnormalities. Although the exact mechanism of anti-clastogenic effects of carnosic acid is unclear, the antioxidant potential and effect on modulation of Phase I and II detoxification enzymes could play a possible role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu, India. rasmanshisak@gmail.com
authors.forename: Shanmugam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manoharan
authors.forename: Subramanian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balakrishnan
authors.forename: Veerasamy
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vinothkumar
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Silvan
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity*; D045784:Abietanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000187:drug effects*; D020552:Comet Assay; D006224:Cricetinae; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D050216:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase I; D050217:Metabolic Detoxication, Phase II; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027542:Rosmarinus
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; C018381:salvin