title: Prevalence and factors associated with idiopathic hypercalciuria in HIV patients on combination antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Idiopathic hypercalciuria may lead to bone loss via three pathogenic mechanisms described in HIV-negative patients: intestinal hyperabsorption, kidney loss and bone hyperabsorption. We conducted a cross-sectional study in a cohort of 217 HIV-positive antiretroviral-experienced patients, identifying hypercalciuria in 67 patients: the prevalence was 30.9% (95% confidence interval 27.4-37.0). The occurrence of hypercalciuria in subjects with normal values of parathormone may indicate an absorptive form of hypercalciuria. In this sample, other bone turnover markers and T-scores were not related to the condition. The results of this study show a high prevalence of idiopathic hypercalciuria in a group of antiretroviral-experienced patients. The consequences and the exact causes of this metabolic complication are not yet known and further investigation is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pocaterra
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carenzi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Minisci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiavini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gervasoni
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meraviglia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bevilacqua
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rizzardini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonfanti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D053565:Hypercalciuria / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents