title: Implementation of cocooning against pertussis in a high-risk population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2006, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccination of all caregivers of infants aged <1 year ("cocooning") to prevent pertussis-related complications and deaths. We implemented cocooning in a predominantly Hispanic, medically underserved, uninsured population at a Houston hospital. Phase 1 (January 2008-January 2010) provided maternal postpartum Tdap vaccine; Phase 2 (June 2009-January 2010) also vaccinated infant contacts on-site.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pertussis education was provided to health care personnel and mothers. Standing orders for maternal postpartum Tdap vaccination were initiated. Mothers were interviewed to ascertain the number of additional infant contacts eligible to receive Tdap vaccine. Consenting eligible contacts received Tdap vaccine as soon as possible after delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 7 January 2008 through 31 January 2010, 8334 (75%) of 11,174 postpartum women received Tdap vaccine. During Phase 2, 2969 (86%) of 3455 postpartum women were vaccinated; another 197 (6%) had previously received Tdap vaccine. Mothers were Hispanic (91.4%), black (5.4%), white (0.8%), Asian (1.4%) and other (1.0%). A median of 3 (range, 1-11) other Tdap-eligible contacts per infant were identified, and a median of 2 (range, 0-10) contacts per infant received Tdap vaccine. Of 1860 contacts vaccinated, 1813 (98%) anticipated daily infant contact. A total of 1697 (91%) received Tdap vaccine before infant hospital discharge, and 144 (8%) received Tdap vaccine within 7 days after hospital discharge. Barriers to full cocooning included the need for extended vaccination hours, visiting restrictions because of pandemic H1N1 influenza, and inaccurate recall of vaccination history.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although practical and logistical barriers exist, Tdap cocooning was well accepted by and successfully implemented in a high-risk population by using standing orders and providing vaccinations on-site.
authors.affiliation: Center for Vaccine Awareness and Research Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital. chealy@bcm.edu
authors.forename: C Mary
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Healy
authors.forename: Marcia A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rench
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D022681:Diphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccines