title: [Direct-to-consumer genetic testing through Internet: marketing, ethical and social issues].
abstract: We probably did not anticipate all the consequences of the direct to consumer genetic tests on Internet, resulting from the combined skills of communication and genomic advances. What are the commercial strategies used by the companies offering direct-to-consumer genetic tests on Internet and what are the different social expectations on which they focus? Through a quantitative and qualitative analysis of the web sites offering such tests, it seems that these companies target a triple market based on: the "healthism" which raises health and hygiene to the top of the social values; the contemporary demands of the users to become actual actors of health decisions; and finally on the need for bio-social relationships. These three commercial strategies underlie various ethical and societal issues justifying a general analysis.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U558, Épidémiologie et Analyses en Santé Publique, Risques, Maladies Chroniques, Handicaps, CUFR J.F. Champollion, Albi, France. ducourna@cict.fr
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ducournau
authors.forename: Pierre-Antoine
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gourraud
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rial-Sebbag
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bulle
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cambon-Thomsen
mesh_terms: D022126:Access to Information / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005062:European Union; D005602:France; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology; D030661:Genetic Privacy; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D040541:Marketing / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010358:Patient Participation; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D057285:Precision Medicine; D012306:Risk; D012648:Self Care / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology / Q000639:trends; D012945:Social Values