title: Spanish Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist Scale (SpRMBPC): trans-cultural adaptation and validation of the RMBPC questionnaire.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of standardized scales is critical for monitoring the interventions within and between different populations, but the current Spanish tools are dispersed in several scales. A simple tool for simultaneously and exhaustively evaluating patient's symptoms and caregiver's distress in Spanish-speaking groups is needed.
  
  
  METHODS
  RMBPC was translated into Spanish by cross-cultural adaptation. Comprehensibility and easiness of SpRMBPC were evaluated with 92 patient-caregiver dyads. Reliability, stability and scale structure were evaluated by Cronbach's α, test-retest and factor analysis respectively. Concurrent and discriminant validity were assessed by correlation with validated tools for measuring stage of dementia; memory, disruptive behaviors and depression symptoms of the patients; and anxiety, depression and burden of the caregivers (CDR, MMSE, NPIq, NPI disruption, NPI depression, HADS-A; HADS-D and Zarit Burden Interview respectively).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Almost all caregivers completed the questionnaire (97% completeness; 7.5% missing data). Both the frequency of Patient's Symptoms and Caregiver Reaction scores and subscores displayed high stability and reliability. All of these scores correlated positively with their respective validated tools as predicted, except with MMSE. The patients' subscores for Disruptive Behaviors and Memory Impairment displayed their highest correlation with the disruptive symptoms and level of dementia validated tools.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SpRMBPC is a validated tool for assessing the dementia stage and the psychiatric morbidity of patients and caregivers. The Frequency Disruption and Memory subscales assess specifically patient's disruptive symptoms and dementia stages. These tools can be applied to analyze the burden of the patient's disease and the caregiver's distress in Spanish-speaking populations.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Argentina. mariela.gonzalez@hospitalitaliano.org.ar
authors.forename: Mariela Gonzalez
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Salvia
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dawidowski
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schapira
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Figar
authors.forename: María Elvira
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Söderlund
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seinhart
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cámera
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teri
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001118:Argentina / Q000208:ethnology; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D054521:Cultural Competency / Q000523:psychology*; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D014175:Translating