title: Hepatic expression of the GH/JAK/STAT/IGF pathway, acute-phase response signalling and complement system are affected in mouse offspring by prenatal and early postnatal exposure to maternal high-protein diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Effects of pre- and early postnatal exposure to maternal high-protein diets are not well understood. Transcription profiling was performed in male mouse offspring exposed to maternal high-protein diet during pregnancy and/or lactation to identify affected hepatic molecular pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dams were fed isoenergetic diets with control (20% w/w) or high protein levels (40%). The hepatic expression profiles were evaluated by differential microarray analysis 3 days (d3) and 3 weeks (d21) after birth. Offspring from three different high-protein dietary groups, HP (d3, high-protein diet during pregnancy), HPHP (d21, high-protein diet during pregnancy and lactation) and CHP (d21, control diet during pregnancy and high-protein diet during lactation), were compared with age-matched offspring from dams fed control diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Offspring body and liver mass of all high-protein groups were decreased. Prenatal high-protein diet affected hepatic expression of genes mapping to the acute response/complement system and the GH/JAK/STAT/IGF signalling pathways. Maternal exposure to high-protein diet during lactation affected hepatic gene expression of the same pathways but additionally affected genes mapping to protein, fatty acid, hexose and pyruvate metabolism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Genes of the acute response/complement system and GH/JAK/STAT/IGF pathways were down-regulated in offspring of dams exposed to high-protein diets during pregnancy and/or lactation. (2) Genes related to nutrient and energy metabolism, however, were only affected when high-protein diet was administered during lactation. (3) Modulation of the GH/JAK/STAT/IGF pathway might be responsible for reduced body and liver masses by maternal high-protein diet.
authors.affiliation: Leibniz-Institut für Nutztierbiologie (FBN), Forschungsbereich Molekularbiologie, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vanselow
authors.forename: Marzena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kucia
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Langhammer
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koczan
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rehfeldt
authors.forename: Cornelia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Metges
mesh_terms: D000210:Acute-Phase Reaction / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019295:Computational Biology; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D051379:Mice; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D023421:Models, Animal; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; C519530:insulin-like growth factor-1, mouse; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D003165:Complement System Proteins