title: Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II: a public-access intensive care unit database.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to develop an intensive care unit research database applying automated techniques to aggregate high-resolution diagnostic and therapeutic data from a large, diverse population of adult intensive care unit patients. This freely available database is intended to support epidemiologic research in critical care medicine and serve as a resource to evaluate new clinical decision support and monitoring algorithms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data collection and retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  All adult intensive care units (medical intensive care unit, surgical intensive care unit, cardiac care unit, cardiac surgery recovery unit) at a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult patients admitted to intensive care units between 2001 and 2007.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Multiparameter Intelligent Monitoring in Intensive Care II (MIMIC-II) database consists of 25,328 intensive care unit stays. The investigators collected detailed information about intensive care unit patient stays, including laboratory data, therapeutic intervention profiles such as vasoactive medication drip rates and ventilator settings, nursing progress notes, discharge summaries, radiology reports, provider order entry data, International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes, and, for a subset of patients, high-resolution vital sign trends and waveforms. Data were automatically deidentified to comply with Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act standards and integrated with relational database software to create electronic intensive care unit records for each patient stay. The data were made freely available in February 2010 through the Internet along with a detailed user's guide and an assortment of data processing tools. The overall hospital mortality rate was 11.7%, which varied by critical care unit. The median intensive care unit length of stay was 2.2 days (interquartile range, 1.1-4.4 days). According to the primary International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision codes, the following disease categories each comprised at least 5% of the case records: diseases of the circulatory system (39.1%); trauma (10.2%); diseases of the digestive system (9.7%); pulmonary diseases (9.0%); infectious diseases (7.0%); and neoplasms (6.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MIMIC-II documents a diverse and very large population of intensive care unit patient stays and contains comprehensive and detailed clinical data, including physiological waveforms and minute-by-minute trends for a subset of records. It establishes a new public-access resource for critical care research, supporting a diverse range of analytic studies spanning epidemiology, clinical decision-rule development, and electronic tool development.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saeed
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Villarroel
authors.forename: Andrew T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Reisner
authors.forename: Gari
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.forename: Li-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Lehman
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heldt
authors.forename: Tin H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kyaw
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: Roger G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Mark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D003422:Critical Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D005103:Expert Systems; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008491:Medical Informatics Applications; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011786:Quality Control; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States