title: Predictive spelling with a P300-based brain-computer interface: Increasing the rate of communication.
abstract: This study compared a conventional P300 speller brain-computer interface (BCI) to one used in conjunction with a predictive spelling program. Performance differences in accuracy, bit rate, selections per minute, and output characters per minute (OCM) were examined. An 8×9 matrix of letters, numbers, and other keyboard commands was used. Participants (n = 24) were required to correctly complete the same 58 character sentence (i.e., correcting for errors) using the predictive speller (PS) and the non-predictive speller (NS), counterbalanced. The PS produced significantly higher OCMs than the NS. Time to complete the task in the PS condition was 12min 43sec as compared to 20min 20sec in the NS condition. Despite the marked improvement in overall output, accuracy was significantly higher in the NS paradigm. P300 amplitudes were significantly larger in the NS than in the PS paradigm; which is attributed to increased workload and task demands. These results demonstrate the potential efficacy of predictive spelling in the context of BCI.
authors.affiliation: East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN 37601, USA.
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mesa-G
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gates
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Sellers