title: Sleep quality in borderline personality disorder: a cross-sectional study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, relationships between sleep quality and borderline personality disorder were examined using 2 self-report measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a cross-sectional design in a sample of convenience of internal medicine outpatients, we surveyed men and women (N=76), aged 18 years or older, who were seeking nonemergent medical care during the period January 2009 to September 2009. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and borderline personality was assessed with 2 measures: the borderline personality scale of the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4) and the Self-Harm Inventory (SHI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The global PSQI score was statistically significantly associated with scores on the PDQ-4 (P < .01), the SHI (P < .01), and the combination PDQ-4 and SHI (P < .01). With regard to the components of the PSQI, subjective sleep quality (P < .05), sleep duration (P < .05), and daytime dysfunction (P < .01) were all statistically significantly associated with scores on the PDQ-4, and sleep latency was statistically significantly associated with the combined PDQ-4 and SHI (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals with borderline personality symptomatology demonstrate a poorer overall quality of sleep than those without these symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Internal Medicine, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton. Randy.sansone@khnetwork.org
authors.forename: Randy A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Sansone
authors.forename: Howard C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Jeremy S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Forbis