title: Cardiorespiratory and metabolic alterations during exercise and passive recovery after three modes of exercise.
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the potential variations in cardiorespiratory and metabolic parameters and running performance among 3 modes of exercise of the same duration, namely, intermittent running with active recovery (AR) or passive recovery (PR) and continuous running (CR) and whether these variations could affect passive recovery time (PRT). Fifteen male physical education students with a subspecialty in soccer were studied (mean age 22.3 ± 2.5 years, training experience 12.3 ± 2.5 years) in the middle of the playing season. The results showed that during exercise, the highest heart rate (HR) and VO2 values were observed in CR, whereas the lowest values in PR followed by AR. Blood lactate (BLa) concentration was higher in PR by 38% compared to that in AR (p < 0.05). The exercise duration was similar between PR and AR tests and longer than in CR. With regard to PRT, the highest HR (186 ± 9 b · min(-1)), VO2 (55.5 ± 5.2 ml · kg(-1) · min(-1)), and BLa (5.1 ± 1.7 mmol · L(-1)) values were found in CR. No differences in HR and VO2 between PR and AR were detected. However, despite the differences in BLa concentration between AR and PR during exercise, the PRT BLa values between these 2 exercise modes were not different. Among the 3 running protocols, only CR appeared to have fully challenged the cardiorespiratory system inducing maximal HR and VO2 responses during exercise and high BLa values in PRT, yet these responses were not associated with better exercise performance compared to intermittent running. Therefore, intermittent exercise, regardless of implementing passive or active interval, might be the preferable exercise mode particularly in activities extended over 30 minutes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Athanasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mandroukas
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Thomas I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Metaxas
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sendelides
authors.forename: Cheistos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riganas
authors.forename: Efstratios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vamvakoudis
authors.forename: Kosmas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Christoulas
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stefanidis
authors.forename: Vasilis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Karagiannis
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kyparos
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandroukas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054874:Athletic Performance / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D012916:Soccer / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid