title: A comparison of family adversity and family dysfunction in families of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and families of children without ADHD.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the presence of family adversity and family dysfunction in 32 families who had children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) compared with 23 families with similar sociodemographic characteristics whose children did not have ADHD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A descriptive comparative design was used to investigate family adversity and family dysfunction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Families of children with ADHD had significantly higher levels of family dysfunction than families whose children did not have ADHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Earlier identification and intervention with families of children who have ADHD may result in healthier family and child outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Seton Hall University, College of Nursing, South Orange, New Jersey, USA. marie.foley@shu.edu
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foley
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D015995:Prevalence; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States