title: Chronic Q fever-related dual-pathogen endocarditis: case series of three patients.
abstract: Following Coxiella burnetii infection, there is a 1 to 5% risk of chronic Q fever. Endocarditis, mycotic aneurysm, and vascular prosthesis infection are common manifestations. We present three patients with endocarditis by C. burnetii concomitant with another bacterial pathogen. Chronic Q fever should therefore be considered in all endocarditis patients in regions where Q fever is endemic.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Room F02-107, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, Netherlands. l.m.kampschreur@umcutrecht.nl
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Kampschreur
authors.forename: Jan Jelrik
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oosterheert
authors.forename: Cornelia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Vries Feyens
authors.forename: Corine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Delsing
authors.forename: Mirjam H A
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: Ingrid L L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: van Sluisveld
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lestrade
authors.forename: Nicole H M
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Renders
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elsman
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wever
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D016946:Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011778:Q Fever / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification