title: Scavenging: how carnivores and carrion structure communities.
abstract: Recent advances in the ecology of food webs underscore the importance of detritus and indirect predator-prey effects. However, most research considers detritus as an invariable pool and predation as the only interaction between carnivores and prey. Carrion consumption, scavenging, is a type of detrital feeding that should have widespread consequences for the structure and stability of food webs. Providing access to high-quality resources, facultative scavenging is a ubiquitous and phylogenetically widespread strategy. In this review, we argue that scavenging is underestimated by 16-fold in food-web research, producing inflated predation rates and underestimated indirect effects. Furthermore, more energy is generally transferred per link via scavenging than predation. Thus, future food-web research should consider scavenging, especially in light of how major global changes can affect scavengers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC0116, La Jolla, CA 92093-0116, USA. eewils@gmail.com
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wolkovich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058448:Biota; D004435:Eating; D004463:Ecology; D020387:Food Chain; D011235:Predatory Behavior