title: Challenges and new opportunities for clinical nutrition interventions in the aged.
abstract: Nutritional status plays a critical role in the prevention and management of many chronic health conditions that are common in the elderly and are likely to become more prevalent as the population ages. This paper highlights several aspects of nutrition that require additional basic science and clinical application research to improve the health and well-being of older adults. Topics addressed are selected demographic and health indices, the uncertain benefits of energy restriction in aged humans compared with other species, the impact of food insecurity on health, the relationship between dietary protein and sarcopenia, the prevention and management of obesity while maintaining muscle mass and functional status, and controversy regarding high intakes of folic acid. Research needs regarding the safety, efficacy, and application of clinical interventions related to these topics also are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA. drmaryannjohnson@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Johanna T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dwyer
authors.forename: Gordon L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Joshua W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Speakman
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Starke-Reed
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Volpi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D035843:Biomedical Research; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D044623:Nutrition Therapy / Q000639:trends*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D055948:Sarcopenia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid