title: Mechanism of cardioprotection: what can we learn from females?
abstract: This review examines the mechanism of estrogen signaling in cardiomyocytes, with an emphasis on mechanisms that might be important in cardioprotection. It investigates estrogen signaling mediated by the nuclear estrogen receptors alpha and beta and the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPR 30/GPER). Estrogen signaling via nitric oxide and the PI3K pathway are discussed.
authors.affiliation: NHLBI, NIH, Room 8N202, Building 10, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, USA. murphy1@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lagranha
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deschamps
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohr
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Junhui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steenbergen
mesh_terms: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases