title: Reduced ADHD symptoms in adults with ADHD after structured skills training group: results from a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy of a Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT) -based method developed in Germany were evaluated in a Swedish outpatient psychiatric context.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one adults with ADHD on stable medical treatment or on no medication were randomized to the DBT-based skills training (n=26) or a parallel loosely structured discussion group (n=25). Self-rating scales were administered before randomization and after the treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Feasibility and participant satisfaction were good in both groups while skills training was perceived as more logical and effective for ADHD-related problems. The analyses of the individuals who completed the treatment and remained stable with regard to medication (n=19 in skills training; n=18 in control group) showed a significant reduction in ADHD symptoms in the skills training group, but not in the control group. No reduction of comorbidity was observed in any of the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment was feasible in an outpatient psychiatric context, well tolerated, and significantly reduced ADHD symptoms in on-treatment individuals who remained stable regarding medication status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Centre for Molecular Medicine L8:02, Karolinska Institute/Karolinska University Hospital, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden. Tatja.Hirvikoski@ki.se
authors.forename: Tatja
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirvikoski
authors.forename: Else
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Waaler
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alfredsson
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pihlgren
authors.forename: Annelie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holmström
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rück
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wiwe
authors.forename: Pernilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bothén
authors.forename: Anna-Lena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Nordström
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010045:Outpatients; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome