title: XRCC1 and ERCC1 variants modify malignant mesothelioma risk: a case-control study.
abstract: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare aggressive tumor associated with asbestos exposure. The possible role of genetic factors has also been suggested and MPM has been associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of xenobiotic and oxidative metabolism enzymes. We have identified an association of the DNA repair gene XRCC1 with MPM in the population of Casale Monferrato, a town exposed to high asbestos pollution. To extend this observation we examined 35 SNPs in 15 genes that could be involved in MPM carcinogenicity in 220 MPM patients and 296 controls from two case-control studies conducted in Casale (151 patients, 252 controls) and Turin (69 patients, 44 controls), respectively. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Two DNA repair genes were associated with MPM, i.e. XRCC1 and ERCC1. Considering asbestos-exposed only, the risk increased with the increasing number of XRCC1-399Q alleles (Casale: OR=1.44, 95%CI 1.02-2.03; Casale+Turin: OR=1.34, 95%CI 0.98-1.84) or XRCC1 -77T alleles (Casale+Turin: OR=1.33, 95%CI 0.97-1.81). The XRCC1-TGGGGGAACAGA haplotype was significantly associated with MPM (Casale: OR=1.76, 95%CI 1.04-2.96). Patients heterozygotes for ERCC1 N118N showed an increased OR in all subjects (OR=1.66, 95%CI 1.06-2.60) and in asbestos-exposed only (OR=1.59, 95%CI 1.01-2.50). When the dominant model was considered (i.e. ERCC1 heterozygotes CT plus homozygotes CC versus homozygotes TT) the risk was statistically significant both in all subjects (OR=1.61, 95%CI 1.06-2.47) and in asbestos-exposed only (OR=1.56, 95%CI 1.02-2.40). The combination of ERCC1 N118N and XRCC1 R399Q was statistically significant (Casale: OR=2.02, 95%CI 1.01-4.05; Casale+Turin: OR=2.39, 95%CI 1.29-4.43). The association of MPM with DNA repair genes support the hypothesis that an increased susceptibility to DNA damage may favour asbestos carcinogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Genetic Pathology, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Betti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferrante
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Padoan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guarrera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aspesi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mirabelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casadio
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ardissone
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruffini
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Betta
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Libener
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guaschino
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matullo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piccolini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magnani
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dianzani
mesh_terms: D001194:Asbestos / Q000633:toxicity; D001483:Base Sequence; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human; D001194:Asbestos; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; D004720:Endonucleases