title: Intragastric pressure during food intake: a physiological and minimally invasive method to assess gastric accommodation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The stomach relaxes upon food intake and thereby provides a reservoir while keeping the intragastric pressure (IGP) low. We set out to determine whether we could use IGP as a measurement for stomach accommodation during food intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  In fasted healthy volunteers (n = 7-17) a manometer and an infusion catheter were positioned in the proximal stomach. After a stabilization period a nutrient drink was intragastrically infused at 15, 30 and 60 mL min(-1). To investigate the effect of impaired accommodation the effect of N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) was examined. The volunteers scored satiation until maximum, when the experiment ended. The IGP was presented as a change from baseline (mean ± SEM) and compared with repeated measures anova.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Independent on the ingestion speed, the IGP decreased initially and gradually increased thereafter. Volunteers scored maximal satiation after 699 ± 62, 809 ± 90 and 997 ± 120 mL nutrient drink infused (15, 30 and 60 mL min(-1) respectively; P < 0.01). Maximum IGP decrease was 3.4 ± 0.5 mmHg after 205 ± 28 mL, 5.1 ± 0.7 mmHg after 212 ± 46 mL, and 5.2 ± 0.7 mmHg after 296 ± 28 mL infused volume [15, 30 and 60 mL min(-1) respectively; not significant (ns)]. Post hoc analysis showed significant correlations between IGP and satiation score increase. During L-NMMA infusion IGP was significantly increased while subjects drank significantly less (816 ± 91 vs 1032 ± 71 mL; P < 0.005). Interestingly, the correlation between IGP increase and satiation score increase did not differ after L-NMMA treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IGP during nutrient drink ingestion provides a minimally invasive alternative to the barostat for the assessment of gastric accommodation. These findings furthermore indicate that IGP is a major determinant of satiation.
authors.affiliation: Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. pieter.janssen@med.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verschueren
authors.forename: H Giao
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Ly
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vos
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Oudenhove
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004327:Drinking Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology*; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine