title: Lauroylethanolamide and linoleoylethanolamide improve functional outcome in a rodent model for stroke.
abstract: Ischemic stroke is a significant health problem affecting over 6 million people in the United States alone. In addition to surgical and thrombolytic therapeutic strategies for stroke, neuroprotective therapies may offer additional benefit. N-acylethanolamines (NAEs) are signaling lipids whose synthesis is upregulated in response to ischemia, suggesting that they may be neuroprotective. To date only three NAEs, arachidonylethanolamide (NAE 20:4), palmitoylethanolamide (NAE 16:0) and oleoylethanolamide (NAE 18:1) have shown to exert neuroprotective effect in animal models for stroke. Here, we describe neuroprotective effects of the hitherto uncharacterized NAEs, lauroylethanolamide (NAE 12:0) and linoleoylethanolamide (NAE 18:2) in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke. Pretreatment with NAE 18:2 prior to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury resulted in both significantly reduced cortical infarct volume and improved functional outcome as determined using the neurological deficit score. NAE 12:0 improved neurological deficits without a significant reduction lesion size. Our results suggest that NAEs, as a whole, provide neuroprotection during I/R injury and may have therapeutic benefit when used as complementary treatment with other therapies to improve stroke outcome.
authors.affiliation: Vision Research Center and Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Missouri - Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64108, United States.
authors.forename: Puja
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: R Scott
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Duncan
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaja
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zabaneh
authors.forename: Kent D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koulen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008297:Male; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004983:Ethanolamines; D008041:Linoleic Acids; C022203:N-acylethanolamines; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; C570132:lauroylethanolamide; C109347:linoleoyl ethanolamide