title: An iatrogenic complication of internal jugular vein catheterization for hemodialysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Central venous catheterization is increasingly performed as a temporary vascular access for hemodialysis therapy in developing countries and it can be associated with serious complications. Iatrogenic common carotid artery-jugular vein arteriovenous fistula is a rare but serious complication of internal jugular vein catheterization for hemodialysis access. Few cases of such complication of uremic patients on hemodialysis have been reported in the literature.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of iatrogenic common carotid artery-jugular vein arteriovenous fistula caused by internal jugular vein catheterization of a hemodialysis patient and its surgical repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The iatrogenic arteriovenous fistula was repaired.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Acquaintance of anatomical landmarks, careful preparation, experience of the physician and the ultrasound guidance are important factors to reduce the risk of complications during internal jugular vein catheterization. Surgical repair should be performed earlier in order to avoid the development of other serious complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. gongyuzj@gmail.com
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Hua-Xi
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000601:surgery; D002405:Catheterization, Central Venous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D006435:Renal Dialysis