title: Mechanical properties of beta-titanium wires.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the force-deflection behavior of six beta-titanium wires using a three-point bending test.
  
  
  METHODS
  The wires timolium (TIM), titanium molybdenum (ORG), beta titanium (BETA), resolve (RES), titanium molybdenum alloy (TMA), and TMA low friction (TMAL) were adapted into two stainless steel brackets, with no angulation or torque. Both brackets were bonded to an acrylic jig with a 10-mm interbracket distance. A testing machine (Instron) applied deflections of 0.2 to 2.0 mm. Force-deflection diagrams were determined from a passive position to an activation of 2 mm and then during deactivation. Forces of activation and deactivation at a deflection of 1 mm were compared by analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results demonstrated that significant differences (P < .05) in force were observed among wires. During activation, forces for the wires were ranked from lowest to highest as TMAL = TMA = RES<ORG = BETA<TIM. During deactivation, forces for the wires were ranked from lowest to highest as TIM<ORG = BETA<RES =  TMA<TMAL. The wires exhibited similar activation-deactivation diagrams.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed significant differences in force during activation and deactivation among the six types of beta-titanium wires tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, University Center of Maranhão, São Luis, Brazil. jagurgel@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Júlio A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gurgel
authors.forename: Célia R M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Pinzan-Vercelino
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Powers
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D018583:Pliability; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; C023988:beta titanium; C525450:titanium molybdenum alloy; D014025:Titanium