title: Improvements in insulin sensitivity and muscle blood flow in aerobic-trained overweight-obese hypertensive patients are not associated with ambulatory blood pressure.
abstract: To verify whether there are relationships between vascular and hormonal responses to aerobic training in hypertensive persons, sedentary hypertensive patients were randomized to an aerobic training or a callisthenic exercise group. The patients' 24-hour blood pressure, arterial compliance, forearm blood flow, and hormonal profile were evaluated at baseline and after 3-month training protocols. Mean maximal oxygen consumption (VO(2) max) increased by 8% in the aerobic group (P<.001), while no change was observed in the control group. There was a decrease in insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, P=.039) and plasma cortisol (P=.006) in the aerobic group only, that also demonstrated an increase in forearm blood flow (P<.001) after training. No relationship was observed between change in blood pressure or change in body mass and other parameters. Aerobic training can promote a decrease in cardiovascular risk in hypertensive adults by improving vascular function and insulin resistance, despite no changes in ambulatory blood pressure after a 3-month intervention.
authors.affiliation: Higher Education Bureau of Sao Paulo State, Marília School of Medicine, Hypertension Research Center, São Paulo, Brazil. waib@unimedmarilia.com.br
authors.forename: Paulo H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Waib
authors.forename: Maria I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Silvia R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Barrile
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply*; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D050177:Overweight / Q000503:physiopathology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome