title: [Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels among patients suffering a bile duct injury during cholecystectomy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During cholecystectomy, the bile duct may be injured. When this complication occurs, Kupffer cells are activated and produce tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL6) to phagocyte toxic products
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 among patients that suffered a bile duct injury after a cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were measured prior to the bile-enteric derivation and after one year of follow up, in 31 patients that had a complete bile duct obstruction after open or laparoscopic cholecystectomy and in 5 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline TNF-α levels in healthy subjects and patients with bile duct injury were 0 and 43.9 ± 2.9 ng/mL, respectively (p < 0.01). At one year of follow up, TNF-á became undetectable among patients. At baseline, the values for IL-6 among healthy controls and patients were 3.0 ± 2.0 and 72.0 ± 94.7 pg/mL respectively, (p < 0,004). After one year of follow up, IL-6 levels decreased to 6.4 ± 0.3 pg/mL among patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF-α and IL-6 levels were elevated before bile-enteric derivation among patients with bile duct injury and became normal one year later.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Clínicas Quirúrgicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. alexmiranda1@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Alejandra G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Miranda-Díaz
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hermosillo-Sandoval
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huerta-Rosas
authors.forename: Germán G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: López-Guillén
authors.forename: Ernesto G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Cardona Muñoz
authors.forename: Trinidad
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: García-Iglesias
authors.forename: Fermín
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pacheco-Moisés
authors.forename: María Del P
authors.initials: Mdel P
authors.lastname: Alatorre-Carranza
mesh_terms: D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha