title: NR2B subunit-specific NMDA antagonist Ro25-6981 inhibits the expression of conditioned fear: a comparison with the NMDA antagonist MK-801 and fluoxetine.
abstract: N-methyl-D-asparate (NMDA)-mediated glutamatergic neurotransmission is strongly involved in the development of trauma-induced behavioral dysfunctions, and indirect evidence suggests that NR2B subunit-expressing NMDA receptors are primarily involved in this process. Earlier studies showed that NR2B blockers inhibit the acquisition of conditioned fear, a frequently used model of post-traumatic stress disorder, but their effects on the expression of conditioned fear was poorly studied. We investigated here the effects of the selective serotonin reuptake blocker, fluoxetine, the NMDA blocker, MK-801, and the NR2B subunit blocker, Ro25-6981 on the expression of conditioned fear. Rats received 10 foot shocks administered over 5 min and were tested 24 h later in the shocking context. Treatments were administered 1 h before testing. Shocks dramatically increased freezing and reduced exploration. MK-801 and Ro25-6981 significantly ameliorated both changes. The effects of fluoxetine were less pronounced. In the open field, MK-801 increased locomotion, ataxia, and stereotypy (effects typical of NMDA blockade). Neither fluoxetine nor Ro25-6981 affected locomotion in the open field. Thus, the NR2B-specific NMDA blockade preserved the beneficial effects of general NMDA antagonists on the expression of conditioned fear but did not produce the locomotor side-effects typical of the latter. These findings warrant further studies on the effects of NR2B antagonists in models of post-traumatic stress disorder.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Medicine, Budapest, Hungary. haller@koki.hu
authors.forename: Jozsef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Mate
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.forename: Katalin Gyimesine
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Pelczer
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mikics
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001259:Ataxia / Q000139:chemically induced; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004597:Electroshock; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000187:drug effects; D005239:Fear / Q000187:drug effects; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046352:Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic / Q000187:drug effects; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010880:Piperidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D019956:Stereotypic Movement Disorder / Q000139:chemically induced; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D005473:Fluoxetine; D010636:Phenols; D010880:Piperidines; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; C121001:NR2B NMDA receptor; C109643:Ro 25-6981