title: Converting SRS-24, SRS-23, and SRS-22 to SRS-22r: establishing conversion equations using regression modeling.
abstract: METHODS
  Cross-sectional mail questionnaire.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Assess the feasibility of translating total and domain scores from Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-24, SRS-23, and SRS-22 to SRS-22r.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Three successive editions of the original SRS-24 health-related quality-of-life questionnaire have resulted from efforts to improve its psychometric properties and validate its use in patients down to 10 years of age. This resulted in the need to establish, if possible, conversion equations to the last and most thoroughly validated version, SRS-22r.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consolidated questionnaire of 49 questions that incorporated the various questions in the four questionnaires was mailed to a consecutive series of 235 patients who had received primary posterior or anterior instrumentation and arthrodesis to treat adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. Regression modeling was used to establish conversion equations from the SRS-24, SRS-23, and SRS-22 to the SRS-22r.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred twenty-one of the 235 patients (51%), aged 23.3 ± 4.52 years (range 14.2-34.6 years), returned the questionnaire at 8.6 ± 4.00 years (range 2.3-15.9 years) following surgery. Estimation of SRS-22r questionnaire and nonmanagement domains total scores and mean scores from SRS-22 and SRS-23 scores is excellent (R2 scores of 0.97-0.99) and good for SRS-24 scores (R2 scores of 0.80-0.82, improving to 0.86 and 0.87 after minimal domain reconfiguration). Estimation of SRS-22r individual domain total scores and mean scores from SRS-22 and SRS-23 is good to excellent (R2 scores of 0.81-0.99). Minimal domain reconfiguration improves conversion from SRS-24 pain from R2 = 0.71 to 0.76, which are both fair; SRS-24 function from R2 = 0.69 and 0.74 to 0.83, from poor and fair to good; and SRS-24 satisfaction/dissatisfaction with management from R2 = 0.64 to 0.80, from poor to good. Conversion of SRS-24 self-image is poor (R2 = 0.60) despite the correlation being statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With one exception, SRS-24, SRS-23, and SRS-22 questionnaire, nonmanagement domains, and individual domain total scores and mean scores can be translated to SRS-22r scores with fair to excellent accuracy, which is further improved in some instances by minimal domain reconfigurations. The sole exception is SRS-24 self-image, which translates poorly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Kansas University Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. slai@kumc.edu
authors.forename: Sue-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Douglas C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Asher
authors.forename: Brandon B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Carlson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014175:Translating; D055815:Young Adult