title: Effects of electrical cutaneous stimulation of hallux on walking patterns in adults.
abstract: Single-shock electrical stimulation of the big toe results in a 20 ms advancement of the walking cycle, lasting for 1-2 strides, when the shock is applied in early swing. During stance there is a retardation of the cycle but of similar magnitude. However unlike the complex responses reported for electrical stimulation of the sole of the foot, toe stimulation is best described as a simple withdrawal response.
authors.affiliation: King's College London, London SE1 1UL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Bhavini
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haria
authors.forename: Jeroen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D006214:Hallux / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011930:Reaction Time; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult