title: Simulation and quality improvement in anesthesiology.
abstract: Simulation, a strategy for improving the quality and safety of patient care, is used for the training of technical and nontechnical skills and for training in teamwork and communication. This article reviews simulation-based research, with a focus on anesthesiology, at 3 different levels of outcome: (1) as measured in the simulation laboratory, (2) as measured in clinical performance, and (3) as measured in patient outcomes. It concludes with a discussion of some current uses of simulation, which include the identification of latent failures and the role of simulation in continuing professional practice assessment for anesthesiologists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, 251 East Huron Street, F5-704, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. christinepark@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Christine S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000592:standards*; D000776:Anesthesiology / Q000193:education*; D002568:Certification; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D008348:Manikins; D019300:Medical Errors; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D016544:Patient Simulation; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D058996:Quality Improvement / Q000458:organization & administration*; D016896:Treatment Outcome