title: An M2 cytoplasmic tail mutant as a live attenuated influenza vaccine against pandemic (H1N1) 2009 influenza virus.
abstract: The 2009 influenza pandemic brought home the importance of vaccines in infection control. Previously, we demonstrated an M2 cytoplasmic tail mutant H5N1 influenza virus could serve as a live-attenuated vaccine. Here, we adapted that strategy, generating a mutant pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus that grew well in cell culture, but replicated less well in mice than did wild-type virus. The mutant virus elicited sterile immunity in mice, completely protecting them from challenge with a pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus. Our results indicate that M2 cytoplasmic tail mutants are suitable for live-attenuated vaccines against pandemic viruses.
authors.affiliation: Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53711, USA.
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hatta
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatta
authors.forename: Pamuk
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bilsel
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaoka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D057809:HEK293 Cells; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009154:Mutation; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014774:Virulence; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; C488937:M2 protein, Influenza A virus; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins