title: Cutting edge: cyclic polypeptide and aminoglycoside antibiotics trigger IL-1β secretion by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.
abstract: Clinical use of antibiotics is based on their capacity to inhibit bacterial growth via bacteriostatic or bacteriocidal effects. In this article, we show that the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin, the cyclic lipopeptide antibiotic polymyxin B, and the cyclic peptide antibiotics gramicidin and tyrothricin can induce IL-1β secretion in bone marrow dendritic cells and macrophages. LPS priming was required to trigger the transcription and translation of pro-IL-1β but was independent of TNFR or IL-1R signaling. All four antibiotics required the NLRP3 inflammasome, the adaptor ASC, and caspase-1 activation to secrete IL-1β, a process that depended on potassium efflux but was independent of P2X7 receptor. All four antibiotics induced neutrophil influx into the peritoneal cavity of mice, which required NLRP3 only in the case of polymyxin B. Together, certain antibiotics have the potential to directly activate innate immunity of the host.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Poliklinik, Universität München, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Ramanjaneyulu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Allam
authors.forename: Murthy Narayana
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Darisipudi
authors.forename: Khader Valli
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rupanagudi
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lichtnekert
authors.forename: Jurg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tschopp
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Anders
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D058847:Inflammasomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D058847:Inflammasomes; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D000071199:NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; C492716:Nlrp3 protein, mouse; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D011498:Protein Precursors; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1