title: Scientific basis for the selection of surgical staples and tissue adhesives for closure of skin wounds.
abstract: During the last four decades, there have been revolutionary advances in the development of skin staples as well as tissue adhesives. One of the purposes of this collective review is to provide an overview of recent advances in the development of metal and absorbable skin staples and tissue adhesives. In addition, we will provide technical considerations in the use of metal and absorbable skin staples and tissue adhesives during surgery. On the basis of extensive experimental studies, we would recommend the Autosuture™ Multifire Premium™ metal skin stapler. During a surgical operation, the rotating head of this skin stapler can have its skin stapling cartridge removed once for additional stapling. The revolutionary Insorb™ subcuticular skin stapler is designed to combine the cosmetic result of absorbable sutures with the rapid closure times associated with metal skin staplers, while eliminating the need for metal staple removal postoperatively. The Insorb™ absorbable staple is composed of a copolymer that is predominantly polylactide, which is absorbed over a period of a few months. The superior performance of the Insorb™ absorbable staple has been confirmed by experimental and clinical studies. In the last 20 years, surgeons have become increasingly interested in replacing sutures by means of adhesive bonds in the closure of surgical wounds. A recent collective review of clinical studies done with tissue adhesive has recommended that there is a need for well-designed randomized, controlled trials comparing tissue adhesives and alternate methods of closure, especially in patients whose health may interfere with wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering and Emergency Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA, USA. richardedlich@gmail.com
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Edlich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gubler
authors.forename: Holly S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Anne G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Wallis
authors.forename: Jamie J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Jill J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Dahlstrom
authors.forename: Samantha K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Rhoads
authors.forename: William B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative; D013537:Sutures; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives