title: Body image perceptions in women with pelvic organ prolapse: a qualitative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe perceptions of prolapse-specific body image in women with symptomatic prolapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse quantification stage ≥ II prolapse participated in semistructured focus groups or self-report questionnaire. Transcripts were independently reviewed and body image themes were identified and confirmed by consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five women participated in focus groups and 27 in online questionnaires. Transcript analysis revealed 3 central themes and 25 body-image related subthemes. Women living with prolapse were more likely to feel self-conscious, isolated, "different," less feminine, and less attractive. Women often changed sexual intimacy practices because of embarrassment or discomfort, and many avoided intimacy all together. Prolapse greatly affected women's personal and professional activities causing some women to adjust routines or stop activities. Women reported loss of interest in activities, distraction while performing daily/work-related tasks, and embarrassment when asking for help with activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Themes identified in this qualitative study demonstrate the profound effect of prolapse on a woman's body image.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Jerry L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lowder
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghetti
authors.forename: Cara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nikolajski
authors.forename: Sallie S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Oliphant
authors.forename: Halina M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Zyczynski
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001828:Body Image; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D056887:Pelvic Organ Prolapse / Q000523:psychology*; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012649:Self Concept; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014930:Women