title: Performance of a new reusable insulin pen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this multinational (Canada, France, Germany, United Kingdom, and United States), task and interview-based study was to compare the ease of use and performance of the ClikSTAR® (sanofi-aventis, Paris, France) insulin pen with other commonly used reusable pens based on participant and interviewer assessments.
  
  
  METHODS
  People with diabetes (n = 654) were asked to demonstrate four pens consecutively-ClikSTAR, Lilly Luxura ® (Eli Lilly, Indianapolis, IN), and NovoPen ® 3 and 4 (Novo Nordisk, Bagsvaerd, Denmark)-according to the respective instruction manuals. The endpoint was assessed by a rating from the participants and the interviewer. While the participants focused on the pen's ease of use, the interviewer considered the participants' difficulty in preparing and delivering a 40-unit dose and their requirement for help.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty percent of U.S. participants and 24% of participants from the other countries had type 1 diabetes. Approximately 50% of participants in each group had prior insulin pen experience. A higher proportion of participants, including those with dexterity or visual impairments, reported ClikSTAR as easier to use than other pens (P < 0.05). Participants using ClikSTAR did not experience any difficulty in completing the tasks. The proportion of participants not requiring help in completing the tasks with ClikSTAR was rated as numerically higher than, or similar to, that observed with Lilly Luxura or NovoPen 3 or 4 (75%, 74%, 62%, and 65%, respectively). According to participants, ClikSTAR and NovoPen 4 emerged as the most highly rated pens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison with other pens, ClikSTAR was significantly easier to use, which, when taken together with overall performance, meets the need of people with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology-Metabolism and Diabetology-Nutrition, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France. alfred.penfornis@univ-fcomte.fr
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Penfornis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin