title: Pandrug-resistant isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae causes less damage than drug-susceptible isolates in a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bacterial infections induce a series of inflammatory responses and lead to longer hospital stays and increased mortality. In clinical work, we often find that infections caused by drug-susceptible isolates have a worse outcome than those caused by pandrug-resistant isolates. To goal of this study was to assess the impact of drug resistant in a rabbit model of Klebsiella pneumoniae infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study used a rabbit model of experimental bacteremia, challenged by susceptible (A), multidrug-resistant (B) and pandrug-resistant (C) isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Mimimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC), leukocyte, TNFα, IL-17, and HMGB-1 levels and survival times were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean survival times after challenge by isolates A, B and C were 10.5 ± 3.63, 12.7 ± 2.31 and 13.9 ± 0.32 days, respectively. Leukocytes levels after challenge with isolate C were lower compared with those after challenge with isolate A (p = 0.002). Blood counts of the offending pathogens and concentrations of TNFα, IL-17, and HMGB-1 were higher in the group challenged by isolate A in comparison with isolate B or C. Tissue bacterial load after animal death was significantly higher in rabbits of group A in comparison with isolates B and C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacteremia induced by pandrug-resistant isolates is accompanied by less damage compared with bacteremia by drug-susceptible isolates. Rabbits infected with a pandrug-resistant isolate of K. pneumoniae survived longer and had a lower inflammatory response than did animals infected with drug-susceptible isolates.
authors.affiliation: General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jianan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guosheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Jieshou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000378:metabolism; D007710:Klebsiella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011817:Rabbits; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D020381:Interleukin-17; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha