title: Development of improved cleft lip/palate face models for teaching parents of children with cleft lip/palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to improve and evaluate cleft lip/palate face models to give support information to the parents whose children have cleft lip/palate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cleft lip/palate face models are made from a mold of about the same size as a child'head using rubber, wood and silicone and can be separated into parts to match the severity of the disease. The authors surveyed two representative samples of new candidate parents whose children had cleft lip/palate (10 in a pilot study then 30 in the larger study) and five nurses (who had taken care of the cleft lip/palate patients). The questionnaire was designed by the researchers and it had a Cronbach's reliability of a = 0.72.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The result of the pilot evaluation revealed that the overall satisfaction score was high but the color of the models was not realistic so the satisfaction score was medium. After improvements of the colour and the post-surgical scar, the qualification and satisfaction scores were high (average 4.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors present an improved cleft lip/palate face models for educational use to parents of children with cleft lip/palate. The models had an overall good level of satisfaction. Using face models to give information helped parents to know and understand about the condition, treatments, caregiving and scheduling age-determined visits for treatments.
authors.affiliation: Surgery and Orthopedic Department, Division of Nursing, Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
authors.forename: Suteera
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pradubwong
authors.forename: Wannalop
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Govist
authors.forename: Niramol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patjanasoontorn
authors.forename: Bowornsilp
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chowchuen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip; D002972:Cleft Palate; D003258:Consumer Behavior; D005145:Face; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013663:Teaching