title: Induction of the bystander effect in Chinese hamster V79 cells by actinomycin D.
abstract: Bystander effect (BE) can be induced by ionizing radiation and chemicals, including alkylating agents. Ionizing radiation mostly induces the bystander effect by causing double-strand DNA breakage in the exposed cells. However, the chemical-induced bystander effect is poorly studied. Here we chose actinomycin D (ACTD), a genotoxic chemotherapeutic drug, to investigate whether it could cause bystander effect in Chinese hamster V79 cells. Results are that (1) ACTD induced apoptosis in V79 cells and an optimal apoptosis model in V79 cells was established with ACTD (4 mg/L, 1h); (2) using apoptosis rate, chromosome aberration, and ultrastructure changes as endpoints of bystander effect, ACTD could induce bystander effect in V79 cells; (3) as in the exposed cells, ACTD mainly induced apoptosis in bystander V79 cells cultured in different period conditioned medium; (4) the strongest bystander effect was induced by 4 h conditioned medium collected from cells treated with ACTD. It suggests that ACTD could cause BE through the medium soluble factors excreted from exposed cells during apoptosis and ACTD-induced BE was a novel quantitative and kinetic response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, 92 North 2nd Road, Heping District, Shenyang 110001, PR China.
authors.forename: Cuihong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Shengwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiaobo
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Qiufang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Shuai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D024201:Bystander Effect / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000633:toxicity*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003609:Dactinomycin