title: [Evaluation of factors related to the occurrence of female urinary incontinence].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the risk factors related to occurrence of female urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study that included 253 women (102 continent and 151 incontinent) invited to respond to an epidemiological questionnaire on possible risk factors for urinary incontinence. They were age, hormone status, race, body mass index, parity, types of deliveries (normal, forceps or cesarean), weight of largest newborn, use of episiotomy and/or analgesia during labor, history of hysterectomy, physical activity, smoking, diabetes mellitus, constipation, history of bronchial asthma and/or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, use of diuretics and/or antidepressants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After application of binary logistic regression model we found, as risk factors for occurrence of urinary incontinence: age [OR = 1.07 (CI 1.03 to 1.1)], vaginal delivery [OR = 1.5 (CI 1.1 to 12.0)], forceps delivery [OR = 35.0 (CI 3.7 to 327)] and weight of largest newborn [OR = 1.001 (CI 1-1.002)]. Furthermore, we identified as a protective factor cesarean delivery [OR = 0.39 (CI 0.23 to 0.65)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The independent risk factors for occurrence of urinary incontinence included age, vaginal delivery, forceps delivery and weight of largest infant and as a protective factor, cesarean section delivery.
authors.affiliation: Setor de Uroginecologia e Cirurgia Vaginal, departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, ABC, Santo André, SP.
authors.forename: Emerson
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Lucia Maria Martins
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zuliani
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ishicava
authors.forename: Soraya Vilela
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Samuel S Rollemberg
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.forename: Angela Mara Bentes de
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Caio Parente
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Barbosa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001724:Birth Weight; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control