title: The sigma receptor agonist SA4503 both attenuates and enhances the effects of methamphetamine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Methamphetamine's behavioral effects have been attributed to its interaction with monoamine transporters; however, methamphetamine also has affinity for sigma receptors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study investigated the effect of the sigma receptor agonist SA 4503 and the sigma receptor antagonists BD-1047 and BD-1063 on methamphetamine-evoked [(3)H]dopamine release from preloaded rat striatal slices. The effect of SA 4503 on methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity and on the discriminative stimulus properties of methamphetamine also was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SA 4503 attenuated methamphetamine-evoked [(3)H]dopamine release in a concentration-dependent manner. BD-1047 and BD-1063 did not affect release. SA 4503 dose-dependently potentiated and attenuated methamphetamine-induced hyperactivity. SA 4503 pretreatment augmented the stimulus properties of methamphetamine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that SA 4503 both enhances and inhibits methamphetamine's effects and that sigma receptors are involved in the neurochemical, locomotor stimulatory and discriminative stimulus properties of methamphetamine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Kelli R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Rodvelt
authors.forename: Clark E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Oelrichs
authors.forename: Lucas R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Blount
authors.forename: Kuo-Hsien
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Susan Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Lever
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lever
authors.forename: Dennis K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005029:Ethylenediamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017480:Receptors, sigma / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: C093337:1-(2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl)-4-methylpiperazine; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D005029:Ethylenediamines; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D017480:Receptors, sigma; C097963:N-(2-(3,4-Dichlorphenyl)ethyl)-N,N',N'-trimethyl-1,2-ethandiamin; D008694:Methamphetamine; C101789:SA 4503; D004298:Dopamine