title: Clinical backgrounds and morbidity of cognitive impairment in elderly diabetic patients.
abstract: Despite numerous reports that have linked diabetes with cognitive impairment (CI), there are few studies that have attempted to clarify the morbidity of CI among elderly diabetic patients. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was performed on 240 diabetic patients aged 65 years or older who had no diagnosis of dementia. The MMSE scores were 28-30 (normal range) in 151 patients (63%), 24-27 (suspected CI) in 77 (32%), and ≤ 23 (definite CI) in 12 (5%). Eight of the 12 patients with MMSE scores ≤ 23 underwent further detailed examination: the final diagnosis was Alzheimer's disease (AD) (N = 5), vascular dementia (N = 2), and mixed dementia (N = 1). Among 24 of the 77 patients with MMSE scores of 24-27 who were referred for further detailed examination, the final diagnosis was early AD (N = 5), cerebrovascular disease (CVD) (N = 10), and mild CI (N = 7). Only 2 of the patients were judged as being normal. The percentage of patients with a history of CVD, the rate of diuretic use, and the serum levels of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were higher, and the percentage of patients with a history of habitual alcohol consumption was lower in the low MMSE score group than in the normal MMSE score group. Among elderly diabetic patients aged 65 years or older, 5% had evident CI and 32% had suspected CI. Medical staff involved in the care of diabetic patients should be highly aware of possible CI in this patient population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hanyu
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Odawara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics