title: A rodent model of schizophrenia reveals increase in creatine kinase activity with associated behavior changes.
abstract: Schizophrenia is a debilitating mental disorder characterized by positive (delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech) and negative (affective flattering, avolition, and social withdrawal) symptoms as well as cognitive deficits. The frequency, severity, and topography characterize the disorder as heterogeneous, the pathophysiology of schizophrenia is poorly understood. Sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine produce hyperactivity, stereotypy, and abnormal social interaction and it is used as a model of schizophrenia. In this study, we induced an animal model by acute sub-anesthetic doses of ketamine and tested different behavioral parameters. We also evaluated the activity of creatine kinase (CK) in brain of rats treated with ketamine. Our results demonstrated that administration of 10, 25 and 50 mg/kg of ketamine induced an increase of covered distance in habituated and non-habituated rats to the behavioral apparatus. Ketamine administration induced significant social deficits and stereotypic behavioral in all doses tested. Finally we evaluated the effect of different doses of ketamine on creatinine kinase (CK) activity and we observed that CK activity is increased inspecific regions of the brain. Our study suggests that our animal model may be used as a model of schizophrenia and that cerebral energy metabolism might be altered in the brain of schizophrenic patients, probably leading to alterations that might be involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Canever
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: D'Altoé de Luca
authors.forename: Paulo T F
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Correa
authors.forename: Daiane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de B Fraga
authors.forename: Maria Paula
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Matos
authors.forename: Giselli
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scaini
authors.forename: João
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quevedo
authors.forename: Emílio L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Streck
authors.forename: Alexandra I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Zugno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007649:Ketamine; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D007649:Ketamine; D003402:Creatine Kinase