title: Acute kidney injury: not just acute renal failure anymore?
abstract: Until recently, no uniform standard existed for diagnosing and classifying acute renal failure. To clarify diagnosis, the Acute Dialysis Quality Initiative group stated its consensus on the need for a clear definition and classification system of renal dysfunction with measurable criteria. Today the term acute kidney injury has replaced the term acute renal failure, with an understanding that such injury is a common clinical problem in critically ill patients and typically is predictive of an increase in morbidity and mortality. A classification system, known as RIFLE (risk of injury, injury, failure, loss of function, and end-stage renal failure), includes specific goals for preventing acute kidney injury: adequate hydration, maintenance of renal perfusion, limiting exposure to nephrotoxins, drug protective strategies, and the use of renal replacement therapies that reduce renal injury.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Health System, 6326 Sterling Dr, Newport, MI 48166, USA. sdirkes@umich.edu
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dirkes
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016638:Critical Illness; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D006801:Humans; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins / Q000097:blood; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000097:blood; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000097:blood; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D009626:Terminology as Topic
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; C491143:HAVCR1 protein, human; D000072596:Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1; D020382:Interleukin-18; C489506:LCN2 protein, human; D000071068:Lipocalin-2; D054834:Lipocalins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011991:Receptors, Virus