title: Assessment of the swallowing function in older individuals referred to myocardial revascularization surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Swallowing evaluation of older individuals with coronary disease referred to heart surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify the characteristics of the swallowing function in older individuals referred to myocardial revascularization surgery (MR), using an evaluating protocol composed by a water test, cervical auscultation and pulse oximetry.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Assessment Protocol for Dysphagia Risk through a Combined Swallowing test and Vital Signs monitoring was used (PADTC)--measurements of HR and SpO2 (heart rate and oxygen saturation), water swallowing test with 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 e 20 ml, measurement of respiratory rate and cervical auscultation. The electronic stethoscope was used to analyze the number of swallows, response time and swallowing sound classification. In the Research Group (RG) older individuals with heart disease who were referred to MR were included. In the Control Group (CG) healthy older individuals were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  38 older individuals were evaluated in the RG (mean age 68 years). In the CG, 30 older individuals were evaluated (mean age 70 years). There was a significant difference for the swallowing response time in older individuals with heart disease who presented HR below 60: swallowing response was shorter for 3 ml, 10 ml, 15 ml e 20 ml. HR was lower for individuals with heart disease. No significant difference was found between the groups for the other analyzed parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older individuals with heart disease presented differences in the swallowing function when compared to healthy older individuals. Older individuals with heart disease presented alterations in the temporal coordination between breathing and swallowing, thus indicating risk for dysphagia.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo. maraluiz@usp.br
authors.forename: Mara de Oliveira Rodrigues Luiz
authors.initials: Mde O
authors.lastname: Dantas
authors.forename: José Otávio Costa
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Auler
authors.forename: Claudia Regina Furquim de
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Andrade
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D055986:Vital Signs
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen