title: Anger problems across the anxiety disorders: findings from a population-based study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous research examining anger problems among the anxiety disorders has been limited by the use of nonrepresentative samples, univariate analyses, as well as low sample size. The current study examined the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic disorder (PD), social anxiety disorder, specific phobia (SP), and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and anger experience and expression. We hypothesized that greater anger experience and expression would be associated with all anxiety disorders, but that it would be most consistently associated with PTSD and PD diagnoses, and that these relationships would remain significant after controlling for demographics (i.e. age, gender, ethnicity, marital status, and income) and comorbid disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 5,692 (54% female) adults from the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication, a large, nationally representative survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data suggest that there are unique relationships between multiple anxiety disorders and various indices of anger experience and expression that are not better accounted for by psychiatric comorbidity. Contrary to predictions, PTSD and PD were not consistently associated with anger experience and expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, these findings lend support to the emerging literature demonstrating a potentially important relationship between anxiety disorders and anger problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA.
authors.forename: Kirsten A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Jesse R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cougle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D000786:Anger; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D001883:Borderline Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D007174:Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology