title: Sex differences in expression and subcellular localization of heart rhythm determinant proteins.
abstract: To evaluate sex differences in protein expression in the heart, we performed Western blot studies on a subset of Heart Rhythm Determinant (HRD) proteins. We examined key components of a variety of types of mechanical and electrical junctions including, connexin43, plakophilin-2, N-cadherin and plakoglobin, ankyrin-2 and actin. We describe novel findings in sex differences in cardiac protein expression and membrane localization. For most proteins examined, sex differences were significantly more pronounced in the membrane compartment than in overall expression. These studies extend our previous findings in microarray studies to demonstrate that sex differences in gene expression are likely to confer distinct functional properties on male and female myocardium.
authors.affiliation: Dominick P. Purpura Department of Neuroscience, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave., Kennedy Center, New York, NY 10461, USA. neil.thomas@einstein.yu.edu
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Jasmin
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lisanti
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Iacobas
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017487:Ankyrins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D015820:Cadherins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D051191:Plakophilins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D051185:gamma Catenin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; C498995:Ank2 protein, mouse; D017487:Ankyrins; D015820:Cadherins; D018031:Connexin 43; D051191:Plakophilins; D011506:Proteins; D051185:gamma Catenin