title: Renal cancer risk and occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and plastics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and certain plastic monomers increased renal cell carcinoma (RCC) risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Unconditional logistic regression was used to calculate RCC risk in relation to exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No association between RCC risk and having ever been occupationally exposed to any polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons or plastics was observed. Duration of exposure and average exposure also showed no association with risk. Suggestive positive associations between RCC risk and cumulative exposure to styrene (P-trend = 0.02) and acrylonitrile (P-trend = 0.06) were found. Cumulative exposure to petroleum/gasoline engine emissions was inversely associated with risk (P-trend = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate a possible association between occupational styrene and acrylonitrile exposure and RCC risk. Additional studies are needed to replicate findings, as this is the first time these associations have been reported and they may be due to chance.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, Occupational and Environmental Epidemiology Branch, 6120 Executive Blvd, EPS 8121, Rockville, MD 20852, USA. karamis@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karami
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boffetta
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zaridze
authors.forename: Vsevolod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matveev
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Janout
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kollarova
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bencko
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navratilova
authors.forename: Neonila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Szeszenia-Dabrowska
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mates
authors.forename: Jan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gromiec
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sobotka
authors.forename: Wong-Ho
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: Lee E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010969:Plastics / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D010969:Plastics; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons