title: Investigation of the effects of the chronic administration of some antihypertensive drugs on enzymatic and non-enzymatic oxidant/antioxidant parameters in rat ovarian tissue.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, effects of chronic antihypertensive drug (clonidine, methyldopa, amlodipine, ramipril, and rilmenidine) treatment on antioxidant-oxidant parameters were investigated in rat ovarian tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chronic drug administration for 30 days and at the end, biochemical examinations (total glutathione (tGSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPO), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione s-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) analyses) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of glutathione (GSH) and NO, and the activities of GPO, GR, GST, SOD, and CAT were measured the lowest in ramiprile group. Also in ramiprile group, the level of MDA and the activity of MPO was the highest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We divided the drugs into four groups according to their biochemical side effect potentials in ovarian tissue: (I) Drugs which have no clear negative effect on ovarian tissue: clonidine, rilmenidine; (II) Drugs which have mild negative effect on ovarian tissue: methyldopa; (III) Drugs which have moderate negative effect on ovarian tissue: amlodipine; (IV) Drugs which have severe negative effect on ovarian tissue: ramipril. These data might be useful in the selection of the least toxic antihypertensive drug in pregnant and/or normal females.
authors.affiliation: Ministry of Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Iğdır, Turkey.
authors.forename: Suleyman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: Serkan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumbasar
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Yakup
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumtepe
authors.forename: Bunyamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borekci
authors.forename: Ebubekir
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bakan
authors.forename: Halis
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suleyman
mesh_terms: D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008750:Methyldopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017257:Ramipril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077769:Rilmenidine; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D010080:Oxazoles; D016877:Oxidants; D017311:Amlodipine; D008750:Methyldopa; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D017257:Ramipril; D003000:Clonidine; D000077769:Rilmenidine