title: Efficient source for the production of ultradense deuterium D(-1) for laser-induced fusion (ICF).
abstract: A novel source which simplifies the study of ultradense deuterium D(-1) is now described. This means one step further toward deuterium fusion energy production. The source uses internal gas feed and D(-1) can now be studied without time-of-flight spectral overlap from the related dense phase D(1). The main aim here is to understand the material production parameters, and thus a relatively weak laser with focused intensity ≤10(12) W cm(-2) is employed for analyzing the D(-1) material. The properties of the D(-1) material at the source are studied as a function of laser focus position outside the emitter, deuterium gas feed, laser pulse repetition frequency and laser power, and temperature of the source. These parameters influence the D(-1) cluster size, the ionization mode, and the laser fragmentation patterns.
authors.affiliation: Atmospheric Science, Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Patrik U
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Benny
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lönn
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holmlid