title: Nonabortal pregnancy complications of chorionic villous sampling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  First trimester screening for genetic diseases has become the predominant tool for selecting higher risk women in developed countries. As a consequence, chorionic villous sampling (CVS) is considered the most effective method for early diagnosis. The purpose of this review is to report recent updates related to CVS complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most recent data about CVS-related complications are more optimistic than in the past. These improved results are probably due to more advanced instruments used, more proper operator training and 30 years of medical experience of several centers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Currently CVS is the gold standard method of first trimester prenatal diagnosis. Because it will likely be in higher demand in the next years, knowledge of the associated complications and their frequency is worth noting for both physicians and patients. Recent data have clarified some controversies and speculations but the magnitude of the association between CVS and fetal and obstetrical complications is still unclear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. antonio.farina@unibo.it
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Farina
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications; D015193:Chorionic Villi Sampling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000209:etiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*