title: The effect of an antibacterial monomer on the antibacterial activity and mechanical properties of a pit-and-fissure sealant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors incorporated an antibacterial monomer, methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMAE-CB), into a commercial pit-and-fissure sealant to evaluate the monomer's antibacterial activity and mechanical properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors incorporated DMAE-CB at 1 percent by weight into a commercially available sealant (Helioseal, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Lichtenstein). The same sealant, Helioseal, without DMAE-CB served as a negative control. The authors used Helioseal F (Ivoclar Vivadent), containing a fluoride-releasing resin, as a positive control. They determined effects of the cured sealants and their eluents on the growth of Streptococcus mutans by means of a film contact test and absorbance measurement, respectively. They measured and compared surface contact angle, degree of conversion, microhardness and microleakage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The authors found that in comparison with the negative control sealant, the cured sealant containing DMAE-CB had an inhibitory effect on the growth of S. mutans (P < .05), whereas the eluents of neither of these sealants showed any detectable antibacterial activity. The positive control also showed no detectable bactericidal activity. Moreover, there were no significant differences in the contact angle, degree of conversion, microhardness and microleakage between the DMAE-CB group and the negative control group (P > .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incorporation of DMAE-CB can provide sealant with contact antibacterial activity after polymerization by influencing the growth of S. mutans. The incorporation of small amounts of the monomer DMAE-CB showed no influence on the contact angle, degree of conversion, hardness and microleakage of the parental material.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results provided inference concerning the potential clinical performance of the sealant with antibacterial activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yaqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jihua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058491:Bacterial Load; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D005459:Fluorides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D006244:Hardness; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D058105:Polymerization; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D008689:Methacrylates; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C540902:methacryloxylethyl cetyl dimethyl ammonium; C059908:Helioseal; D005459:Fluorides