title: Randomized, controlled trial of a normal pregnancy virtual patient to teach medical students counseling skills.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether medical students using the Normal Pregnancy Virtual Patient program (Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts) have better knowledge and skills in obstetric counseling than traditional clerkship students.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a randomized, controlled trial of 23 students at Harvard Medical School to determine whether participation in a virtual patient program improves medical student knowledge and skills in obstetric counseling. Students were randomized to the obstetrics/gynecology clerkship (n = 11) or the clerkship plus Normal Pregnancy Virtual Patient (n = 12) in 2006-2008. Students interviewed a standardized patient at the end of the clerkship. Two blinded physicians reviewed the videotaped interview and used a standardized checklist to assess knowledge and counseling skills in preconception, breastfeeding, genetics, postpartum counseling, and overall performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stratified analyses indicated the virtual patient group provided significantly better preconception counseling than controls (p = 0.002). Overall, students who completed the Virtual Patient program scored higher than those in traditional clerkship alone, though not significantly (26.0 vs. 22.0, p = 0.25). The study may not have had sufficient numbers of students enrolled to detect a significant difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a virtual patient program in obstetrics improves medical students' preconception counseling skills.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. hricciot@bidmc.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Hope A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Ricciotti
authors.forename: Michele R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hacker
authors.forename: Lindsay D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: De Flesco
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Dodge
authors.forename: Grace C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002982:Clinical Clerkship; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction; D003479:Curriculum; D037001:Directive Counseling; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000193:education*; D016544:Patient Simulation; D011247:Pregnancy