title: Aqueous only route toward graphene from graphite oxide.
abstract: We report a new, simple, hydrazine-free, high-yield method for producing single-layer graphene sheets. Graphene sheets were formed from graphite oxide by reduction with simple deionized water at 95 °C under atmospheric pressure. Over 65% of the sheets are single graphene layers; the average sheet diameter is 300 nm. We speculate that dehydration of graphene oxide is the main mechanism for oxygen reduction and transformation of C-C bonds from sp(3) to sp(2). The reduction appears to occur in large uniform interconnected oxygen-free patches so that despite the presence of residual oxygen the sp(2) carbon bonds formed on the sheets are sufficient to provide electronic properties comparable to reduced graphene sheets obtained using other methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Ken-Hsuan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Anudha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mittal
authors.forename: Shameek
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bose
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leighton
authors.forename: K Andre
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Mkhoyan
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Macosko