title: A short history of laryngoscopy.
abstract: Visual examination of the larynx has a history rich in personalities and anecdotes. Beginning with early experiments, and continuing with the work of the eminent Spanish voice teacher Manuel Garcia, the history of indirect and direct laryngoscopy is presented, complete with contemporary illustrations. As with most medical advances, laryngoscopy is the result of advancing technology, leavened by human ingenuity. Despite the contemporary sophistication of videostroboscopy and laryngeal microsurgery. Garcia's original technique of mirror examination remains part of every laryngologist's armamentarium.
authors.affiliation: New York Center for Voice and Swallowing Disorders, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, and the Head and Neck Surgical Group, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jahn
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authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blitzer