title: High levels of uric acid correlate with decline of glomerular filtration rate in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical studies have suggested that high levels of uric acid may contribute to the development of hypertension and kidney disease. However the relation between uric acid and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been inconsistent.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between plasma concentration of uric acid, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in CKD subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study, authors surveyed 5,558 subjects, but only 750 CKD subjects in whom GFR was between 15 and 60 ml/min/1.73 m2 were included in the study. The GFR values were calculated by Cockcroft-Gault formula.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 65.5% males, mean age of 50.29 +/- 6.39 years and body mass index (BMI) of 21.68 +/- 2.64 kg/m2. The mean value of estimated GFR was 53.86 +/- 6.29 ml/min/1.73 m2. In subjects with serum uric acid fourth quartile displayed significantly higher BMI, higher systolic blood pressure (BP), higher diastolic BP, higher BUN, and higher serum creatinine, and lower estimated GFR as compared with the three lower quartiles. The correlation analysis showed that estimated GFR was negatively correlated with serum uric acid (r = -0.208, p < 0.01), age (r = -0.171, p < 0.01), systolic BP (r = -0.148, p < 0.01) and BMI (r = -0.147, p < 0.01). Multiple regression analysis, the presence of high serum uric acid levels were independently associated with a decline of GFR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In CKD subjects, high levels of uric acid were independent associated with GFR decline. Our finding suggests that early detection and prevention on hyperuricemia in CKD subjects are critical.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand. Satirapoj@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bancha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Satirapoj
authors.forename: Ouppatham
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Supasyndh
authors.forename: Naowanit
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nata
authors.forename: Duangporn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Phulsuksombuti
authors.forename: Darunee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Utennam
authors.forename: Inseey
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kanjanakul
authors.forename: Panbuppa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Choovichian
authors.forename: Krisada
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Duangurai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014527:Uric Acid