title: Understanding self-monitoring of blood glucose among individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: an information-motivation-behavioral skills analysis.
abstract: To evaluate self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) information deficits, motivational obstacles, and behavioral skills limitations in individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, and to assess the relationship of these deficits with SMBG frequency.
  
  
  
  Individuals with type 1 (n = 208; 103 male, 105 female) and type 2 (n = 218; 107 male, 111 female) diabetes participated in an online survey assessing SMBG information, motivation, behavioral skills, and behavior.
  
  
  
  A substantial proportion of participants scored as SMBG uninformed, unmotivated, and unskilled on specific assessment items. SMBG information, motivation, and behavioral skills deficits were significantly correlated with SMBG frequency, such that individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes, who were less informed, less motivated, and less behaviorally skilled, reported lower frequency of SMBG.
  
  
  
  Common and consequential SMBG information, motivation, and behavioral skills deficits were present, and patients with these gaps were less likely to test frequently. Clinical education focusing on relevant SMBG information, motivation to act, and behavioral skills for acting effectively may be a priority.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Psychology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada (Dr Fisher)
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.affiliation: The Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada (Mr Kohut)
authors.forename: Taylor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohut
authors.affiliation: Bayer HealthCare LLC, Diabetes Care, Tarrytown, New York (Dr Schachner, Ms Stenger)
authors.forename: Holly
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schachner
authors.affiliation: Bayer HealthCare LLC, Diabetes Care, Tarrytown, New York (Dr Schachner, Ms Stenger)
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stenger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000523:psychology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D014481:United States