title: Abnormal cervical appearance: what to do, when to worry?
abstract: Many clinicians encounter cervical lesions that may or may not be associated with cytologic abnormalities. Such abnormalities as ectropion, Nabothian cysts, and small cervical polyps are quite benign and need not generate concern for patient or clinician, whereas others, including those associated with a history of exposure to diethylstilbestrol, cervical inflammation, abnormal cervical cytology, and postcoital bleeding, should prompt additional evaluation. Further, in some patients, the cervix may be difficult to visualize. Several useful clinical suggestions for the optimal examination of the cervix are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. casey.petra@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Petra M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Mary L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marnach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000002:abnormalities*; D004054:Diethylstilbestrol / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D058869:Gynecological Examination / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004054:Diethylstilbestrol