title: Peripheral visual field thresholds using Humphrey Field Analyzer program 60-4 in normal eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Various methods have been used for testing peripheral visual field disturbances such as defects caused by drug toxicity. Static threshold perimetry with Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA) is widely available. The aim of this study was to better define the normal thresholds for peripheral visual field (PVF) sensitivity and to refine analysis strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Automated PVF testing was performed with HFA 60-4 program in 33 normal subjects. Test locations were organized into inner, middle, and outer eccentricity rings and divided into 4 zones: nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior. The threshold visual sensitivity (TVS) in decibels was established for each point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of points with the lowest TVS and highest between-subject variability were located within the nasal area of the outer ring. Points with the highest TVS and least variability were detected in the inner ring and in the temporal area of the middle and outer rings. Mean zone TVS decreased and variability increased with increasing eccentricity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The areas that demonstrate the highest between-subject consistency and thus might best reveal peripheral visual abnormalities with HFA 60-4 are the inner ring, inferior and temporal zone of the middle ring, and temporal zone of the outer ring. These observations may be useful for developing strategies to detect peripheral field loss at an early stage when central vision is not yet affected.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. berezitl@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Tamara L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Berezina
authors.forename: Albert S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Khouri
authors.forename: Anton M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kolomeyer
authors.forename: Patrick S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Fechtner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012684:Sensory Thresholds / Q000502:physiology*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*; D055815:Young Adult