title: [DNA polymerases beta and lambda, and their roles in the DNA replication and repair].
abstract: One of the key stages of life of a cell is genome duplication. The main enzymes which lead this process are DNA-dependent DNA polymerases. At the moment, 19 DNA polymerases with striking properties are listed in the eukaryotic cells. Mitochondrial DNA polymerase gamma from A family and most of the nuclear enzymes from B family are high fidelity DNA polymerases which are participate in genome DNA replication process as well as in DNA repair. Among the other 1 5 proteins, the D N A polymerases belonging to the X and Y families have a special place. They participate in a different repair processes such as base excision repair and non-homologous end joining. Moreover, some of them play a specific role in the replication of the damaged DNA templates. This process is referred as translesion synthesis or TLS. The DNA polymerases beta and lambda members of X family are enclosed in polyfunctional enzymes, and their properties and functions will be discussed in this review.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Belousova
authors.forename: O I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Lavrik
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; C415367:DNA polymerase beta2; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta