title: Evaluating the success of sewer reconstruction by using carbamazepine as anthropogenic marker in groundwater.
abstract: The antiepileptic drug carbamazepine is a useful anthropogenic marker in groundwater to detect and quantify sewer exfiltration. In 2003 its application on a city wide scale enabled the identification of a trunk sewer in extremely bad structural status with an exfiltration (of wastewater into groundwater) rate in the adjacent area of around 5% compared to an average of approximately 1% in other parts of the city. After a reconstruction of the trunk sewer investigations were carried out again in 2008. Due to the reconstruction a decrease in exfiltration to roughly 3% could be achieved, which equals a reduction of exfiltration by about 45%. Thus carbamazepine emerged as suitable anthropogenic marker to assess sewer exfiltration and to evaluate the success of reconstruction measurements on a regional scale.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Water Quality, Resources and Waste Management, Vienna University of Technology, Austria. kruzicka@iwag.tuwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ruzicka
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zessner
authors.forename: Alfred P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Blaschke
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fenz
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clara
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kroiss
mesh_terms: D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014867:Water; D002220:Carbamazepine