title: The emerging use of technology for the treatment of depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective is to review emerging technologies intended for the treatment of depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  These technologies include repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), magnetic seizure therapy (MST), vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), deep brain stimulation (DBS), cortical brain stimulation (CBS), and quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rationale for these technologies, their mechanisms of action, and how they are used in clinical practice are described. rTMS and VNS are effective for treatment-resistant depression. DBS is effective for resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder. QEEG can help predict a patient's response to an antidepressant. All of these technologies continue to be investigated in treatment studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As these and other emerging technologies for depression and other neuropsychiatric disorders are development and applied, psychiatrists should understand the rationale for these modalities, how they work, and how they can be used in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. HowlandRH@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Howland
authors.forename: Luann S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Shutt
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Crystal R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Spotts
authors.forename: Timothey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Denko
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D009484:Neuropsychology / Q000379:methods; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D035703:Therapies, Investigational; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055536:Vagus Nerve Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents