title: [Optimization of alcohol precipitation process for extract of Carthamus tinctorius by multiple guidelines grading method].
abstract: To investigate the optimal alcohol precipitation parameters for extract of Carthamus tinctorius.
  
  
  
  The effects of different factors on the transfer rate of hydroxy safflower yellow A (HSYA) was studied via single factor experiments, including the final alcohol concentration of the liquor, the speed of stirring, the initial density of the extract, the temperature and the pH of the liquor. Based on the results of single factor experiments, the final alcohol concentration of the liquor, the speed of stirring, the initial density of the extract and the pH of the liquor were studied by an orthogonal test and a multiple guidelines grading method, and the transfer rate of HSYA, the yield and the purity of extract in the supernatant were used as comprehensive evaluation index.
  
  
  
  The optimal alcohol precipitation process of Carthamus tinctorius extract was as follows: the final alcohol concentration of the liquor 50%, the speed of stirring 500 r/min, the initial density of the extract 1.15 g/ml and the pH of the liquor 5.0.
  
  
  
  The proposed alcohol precipitation process is convenient and steady with high transfer rate of HSYA, high yield and purity of extract in the supernatant.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Ye-rui
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Long-hu
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xue-song
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D031187:Carthamus tinctorius / Q000737:chemistry*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol