title: Modulation of lipopolysaccharide-induced pro-inflammatory mediators by an extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra and its phytoconstituents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the inhibitory property of de-glycyrrhizinated extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root and its phytoconstituents (glabridin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizin) on LPS-induced production of pro-inflammatory mediators.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inhibitory effect of G. glabra extract and its phytoconstituents were studied on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in J774A.1 murine macrophages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  G. glabra and isoliquiritigenin significantly inhibited LPS stimulated NO, IL-1 beta and IL-6 production. Glabridin showed significant inhibition of NO and IL-1 beta release, but failed to attenuate IL-6 levels at the tested concentrations. In addition, glycyrrhizin did not exhibit inhibitory response towards any of the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators at the tested concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the results we speculate that the inhibitory effect of G. glabra extract on LPS-induced pro-inflammatory mediators is influenced by glabridin and isoliquiritigenin and is not contributed by glycyrrhizin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Assay, R&D Centre, Natural Remedies Pvt. Ltd, Plot No. 5B, Veerasandra Indl. Area, 19th K. M. Stone, Hosur Road, Bangalore 560100, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thiyagarajan
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Chandrasekaran
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Deepak
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D047188:Chalcones / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D055808:Drug Discovery; D006035:Glycyrrhiza / Q000737:chemistry*; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D047188:Chalcones; D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D015850:Interleukin-6; D007529:Isoflavones; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019695:Glycyrrhizic Acid; C040920:isoliquiritigenin; C107601:glabridin