title: Gastroesophageal reflux disease in chronic renal failure patients: evaluation by endoscopic examination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The association between gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and chronic renal failure (CRF) remains unclear. The aim of the present study is to assess the gastroendoscopic findings and the prevalence of GERD in CRF patients by endoscopic examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study consisted of 156 CRF patients (97 men and 59 women, mean age: 64.2 years) whose creatinine level was more than 2 mg/dl and who underwent endoscopic examination. We checked their renal function, gastrointestinal symptoms and gastroendoscopical findings, and examined the relationship between renal function and gastroendoscopic findings, and the prevalence of GERD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the gastroendoscopic findings of the 156 CRF patients who underwent endoscopic examination, the prevalence of GERD was 34.0%. Especially, in symptomatic cases, the prevalence of GERD was 44.0%. In hemodialysis patients, the prevalence of GERD was 50.0%. The prevalence of GERD tended to increase as renal function become worse. There were statistically significant differences between the patients on hemodialysis and pre-dialysis in the prevalence of GERD (P < 0.01). The severity of GERD tended to be mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to the reported prevalence of GERD in 6010 Japanese adults (16.3%), the prevalence of GERD in CRF patients, especially who underwent hemodialysis (50.0%), was increased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan. y711kawa@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mine
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kawana
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuzaki
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kokuho
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toya
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umemura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged