title: Molecular epidemiology and in vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella isolated from poultry in Kashmir.
abstract: A total of 480 samples, comprising 429 faecal samples from healthy adult birds and 51 tissue samples from dead birds, were collected from four government poultry farms in the Kashmir valley from September 2007 to April 2008. In all, 33 Salmonella isolates were obtained. Of these, 28 (84.85%) isolates were Salmonella Gallinarum, 3 (9.09%) were Salmonella Enteritidis and the remaining 2 (6.06%) were Salmonella Typhimurium. All the isolates harboured the invA, sefA, stn and spvC virulence-specific genes. However, the sopB gene was found in only 90.9% of the isolates. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis of representative isolates revealed that the majority were related but a few belonged to different clones. The majority of the isolates were resistant to cefpodoxime, nalidixic acid and sulphadiazine and sensitive to chloramphenicol, cefotaxime and tetracycline. Isolation of multidrug-resistant Salmonella, including the zoonotically important serovars, revealed a potential threat not only to poultry but also to human health in Kashmir.
authors.affiliation: Bacteriology Laboratory, Division of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shuhama (Alusteng), Srinagar 190006, India.
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Mir
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Wani
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field / Q000662:veterinary; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D012703:Serotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics; D014781:Viscera / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors