title: The persistent thrombus: complications, diagnosis, and novel treatment intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the findings and discuss the implications of the topic of pharmacomechanical thrombolysis in pediatric patients with persistent thrombus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pediatric case presentation with a brief literature review on treatment of venous thrombosis and pharmacomechanical thrombolysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thrombotic events refractory to standard medical and surgical care remain a life-threatening clinical challenge in the pediatric population. Research on persistent deep venous thrombosis and treatment modalities is limited. We present a pediatric patient with a history of malignant osteosarcoma who was diagnosed with deep venous thrombosis. Despite appropriate anticoagulation therapy, the thrombus remained persistent. Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis was utilized and proved to be an effective method in providing diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacomechanical thrombolysis is a valuable and effective method in providing diagnosis and treatment of persistent thrombus.
authors.affiliation: Miller Children's Hospital, Long Beach, CA, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moua
authors.forename: Eliezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nussbaum
authors.forename: Yong-son
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Romansky
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Inderpal S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Randhawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D012516:Osteosarcoma; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D015898:Tomography Scanners, X-Ray Computed; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy