title: In vitro susceptibility of Plasmodium falciparum to monodesethylamodiaquine, quinine, mefloquine and halofantrine in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malaria is the primary cause of hospitalization in Côte d'Ivoire. Early treatment is one of the strategies to control this illness. However, the spread of resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to antimalarial drugs can seriously compromise this strategy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum to monodesethylamodiaquine and aminoalcohols in Abidjan (Côte d'Ivoire).
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the in vitro susceptibility of isolates collected from patients with uncomplicated malaria by using the WHO optical microtest technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of resistance to monodesethylamodiaquine, méfloquine and halofantrine were 12.5%, 15.6% and 25.9%, respectively. For quinine, none of isolates showed evidence of in vitro resistance. However, two isolates (6.1%) had IC(50) values above 300 nM. The IC(50) of each drug was positively and significantly correlated to that of the other three drugs, and the correlation was higher between halofantrine and mefloquine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed that the in vitro chloroquine resistance reported in previous studies has been extended to other antimalarial drugs investigated in this study except for quinine. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a long-term monitoring system of antimalarial drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Cocody-Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire. yavowilliam@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yavo
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Bla
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Djaman
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Assi
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Basco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazabraud
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koné
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000655:Amodiaquine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011803:Quinine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D000655:Amodiaquine; C047386:desethylamodiaquine; D011803:Quinine; C023768:halofantrine; D015767:Mefloquine