title: A miniaturized extracorporeal membrane oxygenator with integrated rotary blood pump: preclinical in vivo testing.
abstract: Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation can achieve sufficient gas exchange in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. A highly integrated extracorporeal membrane oxygenator (HEXMO) was developed to reduce filling volume and simplify management. Six female pigs were connected to venovenous HEXMO with a total priming volume of 125 ml for 4 hours during hypoxemia induced by a hypoxic inspired gas mixture. Animals were anticoagulated with intravenous heparin. Gas exchange, hemodynamics, hemolysis, and coagulation activation were examined. One device failed at the magnetic motor coupling of the integrated diagonal pump. In the remaining five experiments, the oxygenation increased significantly (arterial oxygen saturation [SaO2] from 79 ± 5% before HEXMO to 92% ± 11% after 4 hours) facilitated by a mean oxygen transfer of 66 ± 29 ml/dl through the oxygenator. The CO2 elimination by the HEXMO reduced arterial PaCO2 only marginal. Extracorporeal blood flow was maintained at 32% ± 6% of cardiac output. Hemodynamic instability or hemolysis was not observed. The plasmatic coagulation was only mildly activated without significant platelet consumption. The HEXMO prototype provided sufficient gas exchange to prevent hypoxemia. This proof of concept study supports further development and design modifications to increase performance and to reduce coagulation activation for potential long-term application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Aachen, Aachen, Germany. ruedger.kopp@post.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: Ruedger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bensberg
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arens
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Steinseifer
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schmitz-Rode
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rossaint
authors.forename: Dietrich
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Henzler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001243:Assisted Circulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008904:Miniaturization / Q000295:instrumentation; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010107:Oxygenators, Membrane; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012119:Respiration; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen