title: Biodegradation of deltamethrin and its hydrolysis product 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde by a newly isolated Streptomyces aureus strain HP-S-01.
abstract: A newly isolated actinomycete strain HP-S-01 from activated sludge could effectively degrade deltamethrin and its major hydrolysis product 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde. Based on the morphological, cultural, physio-biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strain HP-S-01 was identified as Streptomyces aureus. Strain HP-S-01 was also found highly efficient in degrading cyfluthrin, bifenthrin, fenvalerate, fenpropathrin, permethrin, and cypermethrin. Strain HP-S-01 rapidly degraded deltamethrin without a lag phase over a wide range of temperature (18~38°C) and pH (5~10), and metabolized to produce α-hydroxy-3-phenoxy-benzeneacetonitrile and 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde by hydrolysis of the carboxylester linkage. The 3-phenoxybenzaldehyde was further oxidized to form 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzophenone resulting in its detoxification. No persistent accumulative product was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. Response surface methodology was used to optimize degradation conditions. Strain HP-S-01 completely removed 50~300 mg L(-1) deltamethrin within 7 days under the optimal degradation conditions. Furthermore, the biodegradation kinetics corresponded with the first-order model. Therefore, strain HP-S-01 is suitable for the efficient and rapid bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated environment.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Laboratory of Insect Toxicology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shaohua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kaiping
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Yanan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Meiying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Yanbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009570:Nitriles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D013302:Streptomyces / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001547:Benzaldehydes; D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012722:Sewage; C017180:decamethrin; C064808:3-phenoxybenzaldehyde