title: Standardization of models and methods used to assess nanoparticles in cardiovascular applications.
abstract: Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the management and treatment of cardiovascular disease. Controlled drug delivery and nanoparticle-based molecular imaging agents have advanced cardiovascular disease therapy and diagnosis. However, the delivery vehicles (dendrimers, nanocrystals, nanotubes, nanoparticles, nanoshells, etc.), as well as the model systems that are used to mimic human cardiac disease, should be questioned in relation to their suitability. This review focuses on the variations of the biological assays and preclinical models that are currently being used to study the biocompatibility and suitability of nanomaterials in cardiovascular applications. There is a need to standardize appropriate models and methods that will promote the development of novel nanomaterial-based cardiovascular therapies.
authors.affiliation: UCD School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, UCD Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kathleen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: Carolyn A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Holladay
authors.forename: Cathal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Power
authors.forename: Abhay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pandit
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Gallagher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D053758:Nanoparticles; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*