title: Energy metabolism affects susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes to Plasmodium infection.
abstract: Previous studies showed that Anopheles gambiae L3-5 females, which are refractory (R) to Plasmodium infection, express higher levels of genes involved in redox-metabolism and mitochondrial respiration than susceptible (S) G3 females. Our studies revealed that R females have reduced longevity, faster utilization of lipid reserves, impaired mitochondrial state-3 respiration, increased rate of mitochondrial electron leak and higher expression levels of several glycolytic enzyme genes. Furthermore, when state-3 respiration was reduced in S females by silencing expression of the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), hydrogen peroxide generation was higher and the mRNA levels of lactate dehydrogenase increased in the midgut, while the prevalence and intensity of Plasmodium berghei infection were significantly reduced. We conclude that there are broad metabolic differences between R and S An. gambiae mosquitoes that influence their susceptibility to Plasmodium infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bioquímica de Artrópodes Hematófagos, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jose Henrique M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Renata L S
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Giselle A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Pedro L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Marcus F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barillas-Mury
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008136:Longevity / Q000235:genetics; D008288:Malaria / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000226:Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000226:Mitochondrial ADP, ATP Translocases; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase