title: Mulberry leaf polyphenols possess antiatherogenesis effect via inhibiting LDL oxidation and foam cell formation.
abstract: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) and its uptake by machrophage are the hallmark in atherogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the antiatherogenic effect of mulberry leaf extracts (MLE) and the polyphenolic extracts (MLPE), which contained polyphenols including quercetin (11.70%), naringenin (9.01%) and gallocatechin gallate (10.02%). Both MLE and MLPE inhibited the oxidation and lipid peroxidation of LDL, while MLPE was shown to be more potent. As 1.0 mg/mL MLE reduced 30% of ox-LDL-generated ROS, 0.5 mg/mL MLPE decreased 46% of the ROS and was shown to be more potent on elevating SOD-1 and GPx in macrophages. At the same dose of 0.5 mg/mL, MLPE exhibited 1.5-fold potency than MLE in decreasing the formation of foam cells. Both MLE and MLPE reduced the expression of PPARγ, CD36 and SR-A, implicating the molecular regulation on ox-LDL uptake. These results suggested that MLPE potentially could be developed as an antiatherogenic agent and deserve further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Chung-Shan Medical University, Number 110, Section 1, Chien-Kuo North Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Mon-Yuan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chien-Ning
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Kuei-Chuan
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Yi-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chiung-Huei
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Chau-Jong
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D031625:Morus / Q000737:chemistry*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry*; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein