title: Music's relevance for adolescents and young adults with cancer: a constructivist research approach.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Music is one of the most widely used activities amongst young people, significant in personal and group identity, motivation, physical release, and emotional support. Adolescents and young adults with cancer (AYA) require specialized care because of intensified challenges related to developmental vulnerability, treatment toxicity effects, and slower improvements in survival rates compared to other age groups. To advance effective supportive care for AYA, understanding their thoughts about music is necessary. This study examines AYAs' perspectives about music's role in their lives.
  
  
  METHODS
  A constructivist research approach with grounded theory design was applied. Twelve people, 15 to 25 years old, known to onTrac@PeterMac Victorian Adolescent & Young Adult Cancer Service, participated. Respondents completed a brief music demographic questionnaire and participated in a semi-structured interview. Qualitative inter-rater reliability was integrated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants mostly reported music's calming, supportive, and relaxing effects, which alleviated hardship associated with their cancer diagnoses. Themes encompassed: music backgrounds, changed "musicking", endurance and adjustment, time with music therapists, and wisdom. Music provided supportive messages, enabled personal and shared understandings about cancer's effects, and elicited helpful physical, emotional, and imagery states. Music therapy could also promote normalized and supportive connections with others. A musician, however, struggled to get music "back" post-treatment. Supportive music-based strategies were recommended for other AYA and their health care providers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Music can signify and creatively enable AYAs' hope, endurance, identity development, and adjustment through cancer treatment and post-treatment phases. Health professionals are encouraged to support AYAs' music-based self-care and "normalized" activities.
authors.affiliation: Caritas Christi Hospice, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. clare.ocallaghan@petermac.org
authors.forename: Clare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Callaghan
authors.forename: Philippa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009146:Music / Q000523:psychology*; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D012107:Research Design; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult