title: Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella enterica ssp in central Thailand, 2001-2006.
abstract: This study was carried out to elucidate the epidemiological trends and antimicrobial susceptibilities against Salmonella serovars among Thai patients and asymptomatic carriers during 2001-2006 in central Thailand. A total of 1,401 human and 260 non-human isolates from various sources were included. The isolates were characterized using serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The most common serovars in patients submitting stool samples were S. Weltevreden, S. Stanley, S. Anatum, and S. Rissen. Significantly higher odds ratios were observed in blood samples versus stool sample for S. Choleraesuis, S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Typhi. Children under five years old suffered the most frequently from gastroenteritis. The patients most commonly infected with an invasive serovar were children and people from 26 to 55 years of age. Antimicrobial susceptibility data revealed that S. Schwarzengrund, S. Choleraesuis, S. Anatum, S. Stanley, S. Rissen, and S. Typhimurium were the most resistant serovars observed. The invasive serovar, S. Choleraesuis was resistant to cefotaxime and norfloxacin. Antimicrobial resistance to cefotaxime, was observed in S. Agona, S. Rissen, S. Typhimurium, S. Anatum, and S. Weltevreden. An alarmingly high frequency of resistance to third generation cephalosporins was observed. We recommend Thai authorities take action in order to prevent spread of resistant S. Choleraesuis and other serovars among animals and humans by enforcing a more strict policy on the use of antimicrobials in food animals.
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Sciences Center, Samut Songkhram, Department of Medical Sciences, Ministry of Pubic Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pantip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sirichote
authors.forename: Aroon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bangtrakulnonth
authors.forename: Kanokwan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tianmanee
authors.forename: Aekkawat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unahalekhaka
authors.forename: Amonrat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oulai
authors.forename: Patcharee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chittaphithakchai
authors.forename: Wachirapa
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kheowrod
authors.forename: Rene S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Hendriksen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012703:Serotyping; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult