title: Identification of the ovine mannose receptor and its possible role in Visna/Maedi virus infection.
abstract: This study aims to characterize the mannose receptor (MR) gene in sheep and its role in ovine visna/maedi virus (VMV) infection. The deduced amino acid sequence of ovine MR was compatible with a transmembrane protein having a cysteine-rich ricin-type amino-terminal region, a fibronectin type II repeat, eight tandem C-type lectin carbohydrate-recognition domains (CRD), a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic carboxy-terminal tail. The ovine and bovine MR sequences were closer to each other compared to human or swine MR. Concanavalin A (ConA) inhibited VMV productive infection, which was restored by mannan totally in ovine skin fibroblasts (OSF) and partially in blood monocyte-derived macrophages (BMDM), suggesting the involvement of mannosylated residues of the VMV ENV protein in the process. ConA impaired also syncytium formation in OSF transfected with an ENV-encoding pN3-plasmid. MR transcripts were found in two common SRLV targets, BMDM and synovial membrane (GSM) cells, but not in OSF. Viral infection of BMDM and especially GSM cells was inhibited by mannan, strongly suggesting that in these cells the MR is an important route of infection involving VMV Env mannosylated residues. Thus, at least three patterns of viral entry into SRLV-target cells can be proposed, involving mainly MR in GSM cells (target in SRLV-induced arthritis), MR in addition to an alternative route in BMDM (target in SRLV infections), and an alternative route excluding MR in OSF (target in cell culture). Different routes of SRLV infection may thus coexist related to the involvement of MR differential expression.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Agrobiotechnology, CSIC-UPNA-Government of Navarra, Ctra Mutilva, 31192 Mutilva, Spain. ancad@unavarra.es.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.forename: Ramsés
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reina
authors.forename: Idoia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Glaria
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: de Andrés
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jáuregui
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Luján
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martínez-Pomares
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Amorena
authors.forename: Damián F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: de Andrés
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000821:virology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011021:Pneumonia, Progressive Interstitial, of Sheep / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D060888:Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein / Q000662:veterinary; D012756:Sheep; D014790:Visna-maedi virus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D000090323:Mannose Receptor; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D003208:Concanavalin A