title: Local innate and adaptive immune responses regulate inflammatory cell influx into the lungs after vaccination with formalin inactivated RSV.
abstract: Inactivated respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines tend to predispose for immune mediated enhanced disease, characterized by Th2 responses and airway hypersensitivity reactions. We show in a C57BL/6 mouse model that the early innate response elicited by the challenge virus (RSV versus influenza virus) influences the outcome of the Th1/Th2 balance in the lung after intramuscular priming with inactivated vaccine. Priming of CD4(+)/IFN-γ(+) T cells by mature dendritic cells administered intravenously and/or priming of a virus specific CD8(+) T cell response ameliorated the Th2-mediated inflammatory response in the lung, suggesting that vaccination procedures are feasible that prevent vaccine induced immune pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, The Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Debby
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kruijsen
authors.forename: Marcel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Schijf
authors.forename: Michaël V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Lukens
authors.forename: Nathalie O
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: van Uden
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kimpen
authors.forename: Frank E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Coenjaerts
authors.forename: Grada M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: van Bleek
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated