title: Physician barriers to incorporating pharmacogenetic treatment strategies for nicotine dependence into clinical practice.
abstract: Advances in genomics research may improve health outcomes by tailoring treatment according to patients' genetic profiles. The treatment of nicotine dependence, in particular, may soon encompass pharmacogenetic treatment models. Realizing the benefits of such treatment strategies may depend on physicians' preparedness to incorporate genetic testing into clinical practice. This article describes barriers to clinical integration of pharmacogenetic treatments that will need to be addressed to realize the benefits of individualized smoking-cessation treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. schnoll@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Schnoll
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Shields
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D036281:Genetic Research; D006801:Humans; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D057285:Precision Medicine / Q000379:methods; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000379:methods; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000235:genetics / Q000534:rehabilitation*