title: Imaging of the skin and subcutaneous tissue using classical and high-frequency ultrasonographies in anti-cellulite therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The development of ultrasonography allowed for skin imaging used in dermatology and esthetic medicine. By means of classic and high-frequency ultrasonographies, changes within the dermis and subcutaneous tissue can be presented.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to show the possibilities of applying classic and high-frequency ultrasonographies in esthetic dermatology based on monitoring various types of anti-cellulite therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one women with cellulite were assigned to two smaller groups. One group was using anti-cellulite cream and the second group was a placebo group. The ultrasound examination was carried out before the initiation and after the completion of the treatment and evaluated epidermal echoes, the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue and the dermis, dermis echogenicity, the length and surface area of the subcutaneous tissue fascicles growing into the dermis, and the presence or absence of edemas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the completion of the treatment, a statistically significant difference was observed. The most useful parameters were as follows: the thickness of the subcutaneous tissue, echogenicity, the surface area and length of the subcutaneous tissue, as well as the presence of edemas. The discussed changes were not observed in the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Classic and high-frequency ultrasonographies are useful methods for monitoring anti-cellulite therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, II Medical Faculty, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. mpage@wp.pl
authors.forename: Robert Krzysztof
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mlosek
authors.forename: Renata Maria
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dębowska
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lewandowski
authors.forename: Sylwia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malinowska
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nowicki
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Eris
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020405:Dermis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects; D004487:Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004643:Emollients / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004817:Epidermis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D050151:Subcutaneous Fat / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004643:Emollients; D010919:Placebos