title: In vivo detection of intermediate metabolic products of [1-(13) C]ethanol in the brain using (13) C MRS.
abstract: In this study, in vivo (13) C MRS was used to investigate the labeling of brain metabolites after intravenous administration of [1-(13) C]ethanol. After [1-(13) C]ethanol had been administered systemically to rats, (13) C labels were detected in glutamate, glutamine and aspartate in the carboxylic and amide carbon spectral region. (13) C-labeled bicarbonate HCO 3- (161.0 ppm) was also detected. Saturating acetaldehyde C1 at 207.0 ppm was found to have no effect on the ethanol C1 (57.7 ppm) signal intensity after extensive signal averaging, providing direct in vivo evidence that direct metabolism of alcohol by brain tissue is minimal. To compare the labeling of brain metabolites by ethanol with labeling by glucose, in vivo time course data were acquired during intravenous co-infusion of [1-(13) C]ethanol and [(13) C(6) ]-D-glucose. In contrast with labeling by [(13) C(6) ]-D-glucose, which produced doublets of carboxylic/amide carbons with a J coupling constant of 51 Hz, the simultaneously detected glutamate and glutamine singlets were labeled by [1-(13) C]ethanol. As (13) C labels originating from ethanol enter the brain after being converted into [1-(13) C]acetate in the liver, and the direct metabolism of ethanol by brain tissue is negligible, it is suggested that orally or intragastrically administered (13) C-labeled ethanol may be used to study brain metabolism and glutamatergic neurotransmission in investigations involving alcohol administration. In vivo (13) C MRS of rat brain following intragastric administration of (13) C-labeled ethanol is demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Imaging Branch, National Institute of Mental Health Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D053858:Metabolic Networks and Pathways / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013270:Stomach; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D000431:Ethanol; D005947:Glucose