title: Altered dynamics and differential infection profiles of lymphoid and myeloid cell subsets during acute and chronic HIV-1 infection.
abstract: The dynamics of immune cell populations during acute HIV-1 infection are not fully deciphered, especially for non-T cells. In this study, we tested whether specific cellular subsets of the innate arm of the immune response are affected early after HIV-1 infection. Using a cohort of HIV-1-infected individuals, we have monitored the relative frequency of blood T lymphocytes, monocytes, and DCs at various infection stages and measured their respective intracellular HIV-1 DNA loads. The HIV-1 DNA load in naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes, which are lost very early during acute infection, was ten- to 100-fold lower than in CD57(-) and CD57(+) memory CD4(+) T lymphocytes. We observed that despite rapid, persistent loss after HIV-1 infection, pDCs represented a non-negligible HIV-1 DNA reservoir. CD16(+) proinflammatory cDCs and monocytes accumulated gradually, and HIV-infected CD16(+) monocytes contained higher HIV-1 DNA loads than their CD16(-) counterpart during acute infection. During chronic infection, CD16(+) cDCs exhibited higher HIV-1 DNA loads than the CD16(-) population. Overall, our results demonstrate that non-T cell compartments are a major HIV-1 DNA reservoir, and CD16(+) monocytes and CD16(+) cDCs potentially play an important role in HIV-1 dissemination.
authors.affiliation: Laboratories of Experimental Virology, Department of Medical Microbiology, Center for Infection andImmunity Amsterdam, Tropical Medicine and AIDS, Academic Medical Center of the University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Centlivre
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Radjin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Steingrover
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van der Sluis
authors.forename: Marlous L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Grijsen
authors.forename: Margreet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jurriaans
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berkhout
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Paxton
authors.forename: Jan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pollakis
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D012333:RNA, Messenger