title: Endovascular nitinol stenting for long occlusive disease of the superficial femoral artery in critical limb ischemia: a single-center, mid-term result.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to assess the mid-term patency rate of nitinol stent implantation in patients with long superficial femoral artery (SFA) stenosis or occlusion. This is a retrospective, single-center study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of 138 patients were retrospectively assessed in our center to determine the patency rate after nitinol stenting of the SFA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data for 165 limbs from 138 patients were collected. Each limb showed a long lesion with a total occlusion of >10 cm and mean lesion length of 20.35 ± 9.46 cm (range, 10-32 cm). Nitinol self-expanding stent implantations were performed in each limb. A total of 258 stents were implanted into 165 limbs (average, 1.56 stents/limb). Each patient received clinical and ultrasound/computerized tomographic angiography/magnetic resonance angiography evaluations before the procedure and underwent clinical status evaluation and an ankle-brachial index test at discharge and at 12, 24, and 36 months thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial technical success rate of revascularization was 91.51% (151/163). During follow-up, nine patients died because of myocardial infarction, cerebral infarction, and pneumonia, and 14 patients were lost to follow-up. The mean follow-up period for 150 limbs from 124 patients was 25.46 months (range, 6-51). During follow-up, 19 in-stent restenoses and 15 occlusions were diagnosed. In all, 30 re-interventions were performed, including six balloon angioplasties, three secondary cutting balloon angioplasties, 10 restenting procedures, four bypass surgeries, two bone marrow stem cell transplantations, and five limb amputations. Analysis showed the primary patency rates at 12, 24, and 36 months were 92.4%, 78.3%, and 62.1%, respectively, and the overall assisted-primary patency rates were 94.4%, 84.6%, and 75.8%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nitinol self-expanding stent implantation seems to be a good choice for older patients with long SFA occlusions. Although the short- and mid-term patency results were good, more observations are needed to assess its long-term efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hongkun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yunjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Xudong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000497:Alloys; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000401:mortality; D055109:Ankle Brachial Index; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002681:China; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D016638:Critical Illness; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D053208:Kaplan-Meier Estimate; D023821:Limb Salvage; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014654:Vascular Patency; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; C013616:nitinol