title: Ca(2+) signalling in the Golgi apparatus.
abstract: The Golgi apparatus plays a central role in lipid and protein post-translational modification and sorting. Morphologically the organelle is heterogeneous and it is possible to distinguish stacks of flat cysternae (cis- and medial Golgi), tubular-reticular networks and vesicles (trans-Golgi). These morphological differences parallel a distinct functionality with a selective distribution and complementary roles of the enzymes found in the different compartments. The Golgi apparatus has been also shown to be involved in Ca(2+) signalling: it is indeed endowed with Ca(2+) pumps, Ca(2+) release channels and Ca(2+) binding proteins and is thought to participate in determining the spatio-temporal complexity of the Ca(2+) signal within the cell, though this role is still poorly understood. Recently, it has been demonstrated that the organelle is heterogeneous in terms of Ca(2+) handling and selective reduction of Ca(2+) concentration, both in vitro and in a genetic human disease, within one of its sub-compartment results in alterations of protein trafficking within the secretory pathway and of the entire Golgi morphology. In this paper we review the available information on the Ca(2+) toolkit within the Golgi, its heterogeneous distribution in the organelle sub-compartments and discuss the implications of these characteristics for the physiopathology of the Golgi apparatus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Italy. paola.pizzo@unipd.it
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pizzo
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lissandron
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Capitanio
authors.forename: Tullio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pozzan
mesh_terms: D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D055571:Secretory Pathway; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium