title: Acute renal failure caused by imiquimod 5% cream in a renal transplant patient: review of the literature on side effects of imiquimod.
abstract: Imiquimod is an immunomodulator of the imidazoquinoline group which possesses antiviral and antitumour activities. Although its mechanism of action has not been entirely elucidated yet, imiquimod 5% cream has been shown to be an efficient, long-lasting and safe therapy for multiple actinic keratoses in non-immunosuppressed patients and in transplant recipients. We report the case of a 44-year-old patient with a third renal transplant who developed an acute tubular necrosis confirmed by renal biopsy after the use of imiquimod 5% cream. The result of a literature search revealed a wide variety of side effects attributable to the use of imiquimod.
authors.affiliation: Service of Dermatology II, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Facultad de Medicina, Oviedo, Spain. jsantos@hca.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santos-Juanes
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esteve
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mas-Vidal
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coto-Segura
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salgueiro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galache Osuna
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D000328:Adult; D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014860:Warts / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D003404:Creatinine; D000077271:Imiquimod