title: Radiological and histologic studies of the mandibular cortex of ovariectomized monkeys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to study the radiological and histologic changes in the mandibular cortices of ovariectomized monkeys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve female, adult, Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were used. Under anesthesia, 1 group was bilaterally ovariectomized (OVX), and the other (control group) underwent sham surgery. Seventy-six weeks after surgery, the monkeys were humanely killed, their mandibles were excised, and their mandibular inferior cortices (MIC) and adjacent cortices were examined histologically and with panoramic radiographs and micro computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Striped shadows were seen on the endosteal side of the OVX cortices on panoramic radiographs. Histologic observation revealed many enlarged pores with eroded surfaces and calcein labeling (indicating osteon remodeling) in the OVX cortices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the MIC and adjacent cortices of OVX monkeys, enlarged Haversian canals were seen and there were indications of a high rate of bone turnover. The enlarged Haversian canals resulted in striped shadows and unclear endosteal margins on radiographic images.
authors.affiliation: Division of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Chuo-ku, Niigata, Japan. mikako@dent.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mikako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Rezwana B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Anwar
authors.forename: Kazuho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Sadakazu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ejiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006253:Haversian System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D016062:Porosity; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D011897:Random Allocation; D055114:X-Ray Microtomography
chemical_list: D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C007740:fluorexon