title: Simultaneous determination of seven informative Y chromosome SNPs to differentiate East Asian, European, and African populations.
abstract: Identification of the population origin of an individual is very useful for crime investigators who need to narrow down a suspect based on specimens left at a crime scene. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the Y chromosome (Y-SNPs) are a class of markers of interest to forensic investigators because many of the markers indicate regional specificity, thus providing useful information about the geographic origin of a subject. We selected seven informative Y-SNPs (M168, M130, JST021355, M96, P126, P196, and P234) to differentiate the three major population groups (East Asian, European, and African) and used them to develop forensic application. SNP genotyping was carried out by multiplex PCR reaction and multiplex single base extension (MSBE) reaction followed by capillary electrophoresis of extension products. This method can be used to assign a haplogroup from both degraded male DNA samples and DNA samples containing a mixture of female and male DNA through PCR primers that generate small amplicons (less than about 150 bp) and are highly specific for targets on the Y chromosome. The allelic state of each marker was definitively determined from a total of 791 males from the three major population groups. As expected, samples from the three major population groups showed Y-haplogroups common in the region of provenance: Y haplogroups C, D, and O for East Asians; IJ and R1 for Europeans; and AB and E for Africans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Yukina
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura-Kataoka
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toga
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeshita
mesh_terms: D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000235:genetics*; D005060:Europe / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D053803:Forensic Genetics / Q000379:methods*; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*