title: Comparison of the effects of propofol and midazolam on inflammation and oxidase stress in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate and compare the effects of propofol and midazolam on inflammation and oxidase stress in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two ASA class I-II children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery were randomly divided into two groups: propofol combined with low dose fentanyl (PF group, n = 16) and midazolam combined with low dose fentanyl (MF group, n = 16). Tracheal extubation time and length of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) stay were recorded. Blood samples were taken before operation (T₀), at 2 h after release of the aorta cross-clamp (T₃) and at 24 h after operation (T₄) to measure interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. Myocardium samples were collected at 10-20 min after aorta cross-clamp (T₁) and at 10-20 min after the release of the aorta cross-clamp (T₂) to detect heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tracheal extubation time and length of ICU stay in PF group were significantly shorter than those of the MF group (p < 0.05, respectively). After cardiopulmonary bypass, IL-6, IL-8 and MDA levels were significantly increased, and the SOD level was significantly reduced in both two groups, but PF group exhibited lower IL-6, IL-8 and MDA levels and higher SOD levels than the MF group (p < 0.05, respectively). The HO-1 expression in the PF group was significantly higher than that in MF group at the corresponding time points (p < 0.05, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propofol is superior to midazolam in reducing inflammation and oxidase stress and in improving post-operation recovery in children with congenital heart disease undergoing cardiac surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critic Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 238 Jiefang Road, Wuhan 430060, PR China.
authors.forename: Wen-fang
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qing-shan
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qi-zhu
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Han-dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Zou
mesh_terms: D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008874:Midazolam / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D015742:Propofol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol