title: Lipodystrophy and insulin resistance in combination antiretroviral treated HIV-1-infected patients: implication of resistin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little information is available with respect to the involvement of resistin in lipodystrophy and metabolic disturbances in HIV-1-infected patients treated with combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We determined whether the resistin (rest) -420C>G single-nucleotide polymorphism and plasma resistin are associated with the development of lipodystrophy and metabolic disturbances in HIV-1-infected patients treated with cART.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 299 HIV-1-infected patients treated with a stable cART for at least 1 year (143 with lipodystrophy and 156 without) and 175 uninfected controls. Anthropometric, clinical, and metabolic variables were determined. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance was used to evaluate insulin resistance. Plasma resistin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The rest -420C>G was assessed using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Student t test, 1-way and 2-way analysis of variance, χ2 test, and Pearson and Spearman correlations were performed for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotypes containing the rest -420G variant allele were significantly more common in HIV-1-infected patients without lipodystrophy compared with those with lipodystrophy (P = 0.037). Infected patients had significantly greater plasma resistin levels than uninfected controls (P < 0.001). Among infected patients, plasma resistin levels were significantly lower in patients with lipodystrophy with respect to those without (P = 0.034). In infected patients, plasma resistin levels had a significant positive correlation with insulin and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance: P < 0.001 and P = 0.002 in the lipodystrophy subset and P = 0.002 and P = 0.03 in the nonlipodystrophy subset, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our cohort of white Spaniards, the rest -420C>G single-nucleotide polymorphism may be associated with cART-related lipodystrophy. Plasma resistin correlates with insulin resistance in infected patients with and without lipodystrophy.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Escoté
authors.forename: Merce
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Veloso
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Domingo
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alonso-Villaverde
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peraire
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Viladés
authors.forename: Verónica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olona
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López-Dupla
authors.forename: Joan-Josep
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sirvent
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vendrell
authors.forename: Cristóbal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richart
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vidal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D052243:Resistin / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D052243:Resistin