title: [Clinical profile of roflumilast].
abstract: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and associated bronchitis are at higher risk of exacerbations, which are a major cause of morbidity and impaired quality of life. Moreover, exacerbations are associated with more rapid disease progression and higher mortality. The typical symptoms of chronic bronchitis (chronic cough and sputum production) are correlated with inflammatory markers in COPD. Roflumilast is an anti-inflammatory drug belonging to the novel therapeutic class of phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors and is the first drug to be developed for the treatment of a specific COPD phenotype (COPD associated with chronic bronchitis). The results of clinical trials indicate that, in patients with COPD associated with chronic bronchitis and a history of exacerbations, roflumilast improves pulmonary function and reduces the symptoms and frequency of exacerbations requiring medical intervention. This effect is maintained when regular treatment with a long-acting bronchodilator or an inhaled corticosteroid is added.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario, Guadalajara, España. jlizquierdo@sescam.org
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Izquierdo Alonso
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000420:Albuterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001991:Bronchitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003521:Cyclopropanes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D051381:Rats; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000631:Aminopyridines; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001549:Benzamides; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D058988:Phosphodiesterase 4 Inhibitors; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives; C424423:Roflumilast; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D000420:Albuterol; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide