title: CD160: a unique activating NK cell receptor.
abstract: Here we discuss CD160 an essential NK cell activating receptor that remains poorly understood. CD160 receptor exhibits a number of unique structural and functional characteristics that are not common to other killer immunoglobulin-like receptors that recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules: (1) In addition to humans and mice, the cd160 gene is conserved in several other mammal species; (2) cd160 is located outside the NK gene complex and the Leukocyte Receptor Complex in humans; (3) CD160 expression is associated to the CD56(dim) CD16+ cytotoxic NK cell phenotype; (4) both human and mouse CD160 recognize MHC class Ia and Ib molecules; (5) unlike the other MHC class I-dependent activating NK receptors, CD160 is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored molecule with a single immunoglobulin-like domain, and does not bear immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs. Consequently, CD160 cannot signal by itself, requiring the recruitment of adaptor proteins. CD160 recruits phosphoinositide-3 kinase to trigger cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion; (6) specific engagement of NK CD160 receptor expressed by circulating NK cells produces proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, TNF-α, and, most notably, IL-6 and IL-8 as well as MIP1-β chemokine. The level of CD160-mediated IFN-γ production is always higher than the one observed after engagement of the CD16 receptor.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, UMR1043, Toulouse F-31300, France. philippe.le-bouteiller@inserm.fr
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Bouteiller
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tabiasco
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Polgar
authors.forename: Noemi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kozma
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giustiniani
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siewiera
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berrebi
authors.forename: Maryse
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aguerre-Girr
authors.forename: Armand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bensussan
authors.forename: Nabila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jabrane-Ferrat
mesh_terms: D019870:1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019002:CD56 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I / Q000276:immunology; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D015703:Antigens, CD; C114505:CD160 protein, human; D019002:CD56 Antigen; D016207:Cytokines; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; D017452:Receptors, IgG; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D019870:1-Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase