title: Diabetes mellitus and early age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association of diabetes mellitus and early age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in Korean adults 50 years and older.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study included 3008 participants aged 50 to 87 years. Early AMD was assessed from retinal photographs based on a modified Wisconsin AMD grading system. Diabetes mellitus was defined as a fasting glucose level of 126 mg/dL or greater or the use of antidiabetic medications. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between diabetes mellitus and early AMD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 88 subjects with early AMD and 315 subjects with diabetes mellitus. After adjusting for age, sex, current smoking, obesity, and hypertension, significant association was found between diabetes mellitus and early AMD. Subjects with diabetes mellitus were more likely to have early AMD (odds ratio, 1.87; 95% confidence interval, 1.07-3.28) than were those without diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a relationship between diabetes mellitus and early AMD in Korean adults 50 years and older. The underlying biological processes remain to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehangno, Jongno-gu, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jae Kyung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Youl Lee
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Lym
authors.forename: Jun Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Belong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D056910:Republic of Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D008055:Lipids; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human