title: Effects of 6% hetastarch (600/0.75) or lactated Ringer's solution on hemostatic variables and clinical bleeding in healthy dogs anesthetized for orthopedic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare hemostatic variables and clinical bleeding following the administration of 6% hetastarch (600/0.75) or lactated Ringer's solution (LRS) to dogs anesthetized for orthopedic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized blinded prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen, healthy adult mixed-breed hound dogs of either sex, aged 11-13 months, and weighing 20.8±1.2 kg.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dogs were randomly assigned to receive a 10 mL kg(-1) intravenous (i.v.) bolus of either 6% hetastarch (600/0.75) or LRS over 20 minutes followed by a maintenance infusion of LRS (10 mL kg(-1)  hour(-1)) during anesthesia. Before (Baseline) and at 1 and 24 hours after bolus administration, packed cell volume (PCV), total protein concentration (TP), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), von Willebrand's factor antigen concentration (vWF:Ag), factor VIII coagulant activity (F VIII:C), platelet count, platelet aggregation, colloid osmotic pressure (COP) and buccal mucosal bleeding time (BMBT) were measured. In addition a surgeon who was blinded to the treatments assessed bleeding from the incision site during the procedure and at 1 and 24 hours after the bolus administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following hetastarch or LRS administration, the PCV and TP decreased significantly 1-hour post-infusion. APTT did not change significantly compared to baseline in either treatment group, but the PT was significantly longer at 1-hour post-infusion than at 24 hours in both groups. No significant change was detected for vWF:Ag, FVIII:C, platelet aggregation or clinical bleeding in either group. The BMBT increased while platelet count decreased significantly at 1-hour post-infusion in both groups. The COP decreased significantly in both treatment groups 1-hour post-infusion but was significantly higher 1-hour post-infusion in the hetastarch group compared to the LRS group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the doses administered, both hetastarch and LRS can alter hemostatic variables in healthy dogs. However, in these dogs undergoing orthopedic surgery, neither fluid was associated with increased clinical bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6610, USA. chohan@vetmed.wsu.edu
authors.forename: Amandeep S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Chohan
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Tamara L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Grubb
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Keegan
authors.forename: Tamara B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000662:veterinary*; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time / Q000662:veterinary; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000662:veterinary; D011517:Prothrombin Time / Q000662:veterinary; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate