title: Eye surface area and dosage rates for spray vaccination.
abstract: Spray application of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) vaccines is a labor- and time-saving means of mass vaccination of layer chickens. Recent assessment of spray characteristics of nozzles commonly used to apply MG vaccine in layer chicken operations has shown that the amount of respirable droplets (< 5 microm) is negligible. Topical application of vaccine onto the eye surface has been suggested as a route of vaccination, but no estimates of vaccine load delivered via spray application were found in the literature. Estimates of eye surface area were developed using digital imaging; 24 layer pullets were used for analysis, and the mean eye surface area, corrected for corneal curvature, was found to be 0.609 cm2. This surface area was then used to estimate vaccine load for commercially available live MG vaccine sprayed through popular nozzles. Less than 3000 colony-forming units can be expected for direct deposition onto the surface of an eye.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS Poultry Research Unit, P.O. Box 5367, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA. joseph.purswell@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Purswell
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Branton
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens; D003315:Cornea / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005260:Female; D045686:Mycoplasma gallisepticum; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions