title: Unusual cause of postrenal biopsy anuria in a renal transplant patient.
abstract: Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is an uncommon but well-known complication of percutaneous renal biopsy. Most postbiopsy AVFs are asymptomatic and regress spontaneously; however, some AVFs result in hypertension, hematuria and renal insufficiency. Transplant renal artery stenosis (TRAS) is a potentially curable cause of posttransplant arterial hypertension, allograft dysfunction and graft loss. Whether postbiopsy AVF superimposed on TRAS also regresses spontaneously is unknown. The authors present a case of acute renal failure in a 56-year-old male renal allograft recipient with the combination of postbiopsy AVF and TRAS. At first, the authors performed percutaneous angioplasty with stent implantation for the TRAS, but the AVF gradually enlarged. Eighteen months later, the patient began to experience hypertension, and his serum creatinine level increased; he received transcatheter arterial embolization therapy for enlarged AVF, and his renal function returned to baseline level.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chien-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Kang-Ju
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Hua-Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Chien-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Po-Tsang
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chih-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Hsiao-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D001002:Anuria / Q000209:etiology*; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D012079:Renal Circulation; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003404:Creatinine