title: Effect of dietary protein on heme iron uptake by Caco-2 cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study heme iron bioavailability and the role of dietary protein (animal and vegetable) on iron uptake using an in vitro model (Caco-2 cell line).
  
  
  METHODS
  Caco-2 cells were seeded in bicameral chambers with different animal (beef, chicken or fish) or vegetable (peas, lentils, and soybeans) proteins or with pure animal (collagen and casein) or vegetable (gliadin, zein, and glutein) protein extracts. The effect of each protein over heme iron absorption was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intact heme uptake was higher than either heme plus albumin or digested heme plus albumin, but lower than digested heme. White meal exerted the highest inhibitory effect on hemin uptake. Heme iron uptake decreased in the presence of all legume extracts, but was not significantly different among them (one-way ANOVA, NS). Pure animal (collagen and casein) and vegetable (zein and glutelin) proteins increased heme iron uptake, except for gliadin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Animal and vegetable protein in general decreased heme iron uptake. However, purified animal and vegetable protein induce an increase in heme iron uptake.
authors.affiliation: Micronutrient Laboratory, INTA, University of Chile, El Líbano 5524, 138-11, Macul, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Pía
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Villarroel
authors.forename: Sebastián
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pizarro
authors.forename: Daniel López
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: de Romaña
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arredondo
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002364:Caseins / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007887:Fabaceae; D005399:Fishes; D005983:Glutens / Q000378:metabolism; D006418:Heme / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008460:Meat; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015028:Zein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D019266:Iron, Dietary; D014674:Plant Proteins, Dietary; D006418:Heme; D005983:Glutens; D003094:Collagen; D015028:Zein