title: Antiangiogenic agents in advanced gastrointestinal malignancies: past, present and a novel future.
abstract: Advanced gastrointestinal (GI) malignancies are varied in presentation, prognosis, and treatment options. With the exception of resectable recurrent colorectal cancer, metastatic GI malignancies are incurable. Cytotoxic chemotherapies have been the mainstay of therapy for decades but limited extension of survival or clinical benefit has been achieved in non-colorectal GI cancers. There has been great interest in the incorporation of antiangiogenic strategies to improve outcomes for these patients. Clear benefits have been identified with bevacizumab and sorafenib in colorectal cancer and hepatocellular cancer, respectively; other GI tumor sites have lacked impressive results with antiangiogenic agents. In this review, we will present the benefits, or lack thereof, of clinically tested antiangiogenic compounds in GI malignancies and explore some potential new therapeutic anti-angiogenesis options for these diseases.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Sheryl
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koski
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scarfe
authors.forename: Quincy
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spratlin
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D015507:Drugs, Investigational; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors