title: Flow system for the automatic screening of the effect of phenolic compounds on the luminol-hydrogen peroxide-peroxidase chemiluminescence system.
abstract: In this work, an automated flow-based procedure for the screening of the effect of the different phenolic compounds on the chemiluminescence (CL) luminol-hydrogen peroxide-horseradish peroxidase (HRP) system is presented. This procedure involves the combination of multisyringe flow injection analysis (MFSIA) and sequential injection analysis (SIA) techniques and exploits the ability of the different subgroups of phenols, such as cholorophenols, nitrophenols, methylphenols and polyphenols, to enhance or inhibit the described CL system. The implementation of this reaction in the SIA-MSFIA system enabled favourable and precise conditions to evaluate the effect of phenolic compounds, as it involves an in-line reaction between the phenolic derivative, hydrogen peroxide and peroxidase and subsequent oxidized HRP intermediates generation prior to the fast reaction with the chemiluminogenic reagent. Several studies were then performed with the aim of establishing the appropriate flow system configuration and reaction conditions. It was shown that phenol and chlorophenols produce an enhanced CL response and nitrophenols, methylphenols and polyphenols are inhibitors within the range of concentrations studied (1-100 mg/L). Based on these studies, the developed method was applied to the determination of total polyphenol and phenol content in wine/grape seeds and water samples, respectively, and the results obtained showed good agreement with those furnished by the corresponding Folin-Ciocalteu and 4-aminoantipyrine reference methods. The developed approach is further pursued by designing an automated generic tool for performing studies of peroxidase-catalysed CL reactions of luminol focused on the detection of compounds that will affect the rate of those reactions.
authors.affiliation: REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha, 164, 4099-030 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: André R T S
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Araujo
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maya
authors.forename: M Lúcia M F S
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Saraiva
authors.forename: José L F C
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Estela
authors.forename: Víctor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cerdà
mesh_terms: D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D049449:Luminescence; D008165:Luminol / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D008165:Luminol; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D006735:Horseradish Peroxidase