title: Effect of gamma irradiation on caprolactam migration from multilayer polyamide 6 films into food simulants: development and validation of a gas chromatographic method.
abstract: A GC method to determine caprolactam in water, 15% ethanol, and olive oil food simulants was developed and validated. Linear ranges varied from 0.96 to 642.82 microg/mL for water, 0.64 to 800.32 microg/mL for 15% ethanol, and 1.06 to 1062.34 microg/g for olive oil, with correlation coefficients higher than 0.999. Method precision studies showed RSD values lower than 5.45%, while method accuracy studies showed recovery from 72 to 111% for all simulants. The effect of gamma irradiation on caprolactam migration from multilayer polyamide 6 (PA-6) films intended for cheese into water, 15% ethanol, olive oil, and 3% acetic acid simulants was also studied. For migration assay, non-irradiated and irradiated (12 kGy) films were placed in contact with the simulant and exposed at 40 degrees C for 10 days. The validated method was used to quantify caprolactam migration from multilayer PA-6 films into the simulants, which ranged from 1.03 to 7.59 mg/kg for non-irradiated films, and from 4.82 to 11.32 mg/kg for irradiated films. Irradiation caused almost no changes in caprolactam levels, with the exception of olive oil, which showed an increase in the caprolactam level. All multilayer PA-6 films were in accordance with the requirements of the legislation for caprolactam migration.
authors.affiliation: São Paulo State University (UNESP), Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Science, PO Box 502, 14801-902 Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Juliana S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Félix
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: José E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Manzoli
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Padula
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002209:Caprolactam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis; D005410:Flame Ionization; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D018857:Food Packaging; D005720:Gamma Rays; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis; D011095:Polyethylenes; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D011095:Polyethylenes; D011108:Polymers; D012996:Solutions; D014867:Water; C009916:nylon 6; D000431:Ethanol; D002209:Caprolactam; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride