title: Antioxidant and drug detoxification potentials of Hibiscus sabdariffa anthocyanin extract.
abstract: The antioxidant and drug metabolizing potentials of Hibiscus anthocyanin extract in CCl(4)- induced oxidative damage of rat liver was investigated. Hibiscus anthocyanin extract effectively scavenge α-diphenyl-β-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, superoxide ion, and hydrogen peroxide. It produced a 92% scavenging effect of DPPH radical at a concentration of 2.0 mg/mL. Hibiscus anthocyanin extract produced a 69 and 90% scavenging effect on superoxide ion and hydrogen peroxide, respectively, at 1.0 mg/mL, which compared favorably with the synthetic antioxidant (butylated hydroanisole and α-tocopherol). A reducing power of this anthocyanin was examined using K(3)Fe(CN)(6). Hibiscus anthocyanin extract has reducing power that is approximately 2-fold that of the synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroanisole. Hibiscus anthocyanin extract produced a significantly increase and completely attenuated the CCl(4)-mediated decrease in antioxidant enzymes (e.g., catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase). However, the level of nonenzymic antioxidant molecules (i.e., vitamins C and E) were significant preserved by Hibiscus anthocyanin extract. There was an induction of phase II drug-detoxifying enzymes: glutathione S-transferase, NAD(H):quinone oxidoreductase, and uridyl diphosphoglucuronosyl transferase by 65, 45, and 57%, respectively. In view of these properties, Hibiscus sabdariffa anthocyanin extract can act as a prophylactic by intervening as a free radical scavenger both in vitro and in vivo as well as inducing the phase II drug detoxification enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Phytomedicine and Toxicological Research Unit, Biochemistry Department, University of Ilorin, Nigeria. ajiboyeyong@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Taofeek O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Ajiboye
authors.forename: Nasir A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Salawu
authors.forename: Musa T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Yakubu
authors.forename: Adenike T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Oladiji
authors.forename: Musbau A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Akanji
authors.forename: Joseph I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Okogun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry; D031584:Hibiscus / Q000737:chemistry*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D010088:Oxidoreductases