title: [Effect of Tongfu granules and its constituents on barrier function of small intestine in rats with sepsis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of Tongfu granules and its constituents on barrier function of small intestine in rats with sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The male rats were divided into model group, Tongfu granules group, Rhubarb group and Magnoliae cortex group by random digits table, normal rats as control group. Intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 6 mg/kg) was used to reproduce sepsis model. After establishment of model, rats in Tongfu granules group were given Tongfu granules 28 g×kg(-1)×d(-1) by gavage, and Rhubarb group and Magnoliae cortex group rats were given Rhubarb or Magnoliae cortex 5 g×kg(-1)×d(-1) by gavage, while the model group was given normal saline in same quantity, once a day. Blood samples of rats were collected at 24, 48, 72 hours for measuring tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The pathological changes in intestinal mucosa were observed, and the pathological scores was estimated at 72 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of TNF-α and IL-8 were significantly higher in model group than those in control group at different time points. The serum levels of TNF-α and IL-8 were significantly lower in treatment groups than those in model group, and the level of TNF-α (ng/L) in Tongfu granules group was significantly lower than that in Rhubarb and Magnoliae cortex groups at different time points (24 hours: 44.64±1.48 vs. 47.18±1.83 and 46.96±2.23, 48 hours: 51.38±1.36 vs. 57.17±2.23 and 59.41±2.01, 72 hours: 55.54±2.58 vs. 64.34±1.02 and 65.96±3.45, all P<0.05), and IL-8 (ng/L) level at 72 hours was significantly lower than that in Magnoliae cortex group (65.53±4.52 vs. 69.14±2.82,P<0.05). The scores of the lesions were significantly higher in model group than that in control group (3.90±0.17 vs. 0). The scores of Rhubarb group, Magnoliae cortex group and Tongfu granules group were 3.15±0.28, 3.18±0.08, and 2.95±0.15, respectively, which were lower than those of the model group (all P<0.01), and the Tongfu granules group descended obviously than other groups. In control group, the intercellular tight junctions were normal, and the morphology of microvilli and mitochondria was also normal. In model group, the microvilli of intestinal mucosa of the small intestine were absent or disintegrated. The intercellular tight junctions were seen to be blurred in Rhubarb and Magnoliae cortex groups, and they were close to normal state in Tongfu granules group. Their integrity was better preserved compared with that of the model group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Injury of barrier function of the small intestine was found in septic rat. It was found that traditional Chinese medicine Tongfu granules, Rhubarb and Magnoliae cortex could protect the barrier function of the small intestine by decreasing the TNF-α and IL-8 levels in septic rats. Above-mentioned effects of Tongfu granules were better than Rhubarb and Magnoliae cortex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection, Beijing Youyi Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China. jakie99@163.com
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ai-Min
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha