title: Evaluation of the antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiproliferative activities of the acetone extract of the roots of Senna italica (Fabaceae).
abstract: Senna italica, a member of the Fabaceae family (subfamily Caesalpinaceae), is widely used traditionally to treat a number of disease conditions, such as sexually transmitted diseases and some forms of intestinal complications. The roots of Senna italica were collected from Zebediela subregion, Limpopo province (S.A), powdered and extracted with acetone by cold/shaking extraction method. The phytochemical composition of the extract was determined by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The chromatograms were visualised with vanillin-sulphuric acid and p-anisaldehyde reagents. The total phenolic content of the extract was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu method and expressed as TAE/g dry weight. The extract was assayed for the in vitro anticancer activity using Jurkat T cells, antioxidant activity using DPPH assay and antibacterial activity by bioautographic method and the microtitre plate method. The acetone extract of the roots of Senna italica inhibited the growth of Jurkat T cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The extract also had free radical scavenging activity as well as reasonable antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with MICs ranging from 0,08 to 0.16 mg/ml in the same order as ampicillin the positive control. The biological activities observed in the acetone extract validated the ethnomedicinal use of Senna italica.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Sovenga 0727, South Africa. masokop@ul.ac.za
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Masoko
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gololo
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mokgotho
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Eloff
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Mampuru
mesh_terms: D000096:Acetone; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019448:Ethnobotany; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010636:Phenols; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry*; D029846:Senna Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000096:Acetone; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl