title: Comparison of diamond-like carbon-coated nitinol stents with or without polyethylene glycol grafting and uncoated nitinol stents in a canine iliac artery model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neointimal hyperplasia is a major complication of endovascular stent placement with consequent in-stent restenosis or occlusion. Improvements in the biocompatibility of stent designs could reduce stent-associated thrombosis and in-stent restenosis. We hypothesised that the use of a diamond-like carbon (DLC)-coated nitinol stent or a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-DLC-coated nitinol stent could reduce the formation of neointimal hyperplasia, thereby improving stent patency with improved biocompatibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 24 stents were implanted, under general anaesthesia, into the iliac arteries of six dogs (four stents in each dog) using the carotid artery approach. The experimental study dogs were divided into three groups: the uncoated nitinol stent group (n = 8), the DLC-nitinol stent group (n = 8) and the PEG-DLC-nitinol stent group (n = 8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean percentage of neointimal hyperplasia was significantly less in the DLC-nitinol stent group (26.7±7.6%) than in the nitinol stent group (40.0±20.3%) (p = 0.021). However, the mean percentage of neointimal hyperplasia was significantly greater in the PEG-DLC-nitinol stent group (58.7±24.7%) than in the nitinol stent group (40.0±20.3%) (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that DLC-coated nitinol stents might induce less neointimal hyperplasia than conventional nitinol stents following implantation in a canine iliac artery model; however, the DLC-coated nitinol stent surface when reformed with PEG induces more neointimal hyperplasia than either a conventional or DLC-coated nitinol stent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: M-W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: T-H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: K-R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004285:Dogs; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000473:pathology*; D058426:Neointima / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C013616:nitinol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols