title: Mangiferin: A xanthone attenuates mercury chloride induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in HepG2 cells.
abstract: Mangiferin (MGN), a dietary C-glucosylxanthone present in Mangifera indica, is known to possess a spectrum of beneficial pharmacological properties. This study demonstrates antigenotoxic potential of MGN against mercuric chloride (HgCl2)-induced genotoxicity in HepG2 cell line. Treatment of HepG2 cells with various concentrations of HgCl2 for 3 h caused a dose-dependent increase in micronuclei frequency and elevation in DNA strand breaks (olive tail moment and tail DNA). Pretreatment with MGN significantly (p < 0.01) inhibited HgCl2 -induced (20 µM for 30 h) DNA damage. An optimal antigenotoxic effect of MGN, both in micronuclei and comet assay, was observed at a concentration of 50 µM. Furthermore, HepG2 cells treated with various concentrations of HgCl2 resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the dichlorofluorescein fluorescence, indicating an increase in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, MGN by itself failed to generate ROS at a concentration of 50 µM, whereas it could significantly decrease HgCl2 -induced ROS. Our study clearly demonstrates that MGN pretreatment reduced the HgCl2-induced DNA damage in HepG2 cells, thus demonstrating the genoprotective potential of MGN, which is mediated mainly by the inhibition of oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biotechnology, Manipal Life Sciences Centre, Manipal University, Manipal 576 104, India.
authors.forename: Mudholkar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaivalya
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Nageshwar Rao
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Satish Rao
mesh_terms: D020552:Comet Assay / Q000379:methods; D053960:DNA Breaks / Q000187:drug effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D031022:Mangifera / Q000737:chemistry; D008627:Mercuric Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D044004:Xanthones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D044004:Xanthones; C013592:mangiferin; D008627:Mercuric Chloride; C009689:xanthone