title: Activation-dependent descending reflex evacuation motority of anal canal in rat model.
abstract: The evacuative motor responses of the anal canal and recto-anal reflexes during defecation were studied in an isolated rat recto-anal model preparation using (i) partitioned organ bath, (ii) electrical stimulation, (iii) balloon distension and (iv) morphological techniques. Electrical field stimulation applied to the anal canal or to the distal part of the rectum elicited tetrodotoxin (10(-7) M)-sensitive frequency-dependent local or descending contractions of the anal canal and the local responses were bigger in amplitude (14.9 ± 1.35 mN) than the descending contractions (5.3 ± 0.7 mN at frequency of 5 Hz, p < 0.05). The balloon-induced distension of the distal rectum evoked descending responses of the anal canal consisting of a short contraction (1.50 ± 0.18 mN) followed by deep relaxation (3.12 ± 0.34 mN). In the presence of atropine (3 x 10(-7) M) the electrically-elicited (5 Hz) local or descending contractions of the anal canal were suppressed and a relaxation revealed. The initial contraction component of the distension-induced response was decreased while the relaxation was not changed. During atropine treatment, spantide (10(-7) M) lowered even more the contractile component of the anal canal response. NG-nitro-L-arginine (5 x 10(-4) M) enhanced the contraction, prevented the atropine-dependent relaxation of the electrically-elicited response and inhibited the distension-induced relaxation. L-Arginine (5 x 10(-4) M) suppressed the contraction and extended the relaxation. ChAT-, substance P- and NADPH-diaphorase-positive perikarya and nerve fibers were observed in myenteric ganglia of the anal canal. The results suggest activation-dependent descending reflex motority of the anal canal involving electrical stimulation-displayed cholinergic and tachykininergic and distension manifested nitrergic neuro-muscular communications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.
authors.forename: Radomir
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radomirov
authors.forename: Negrin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Negrev
authors.forename: Dimitar Evlogiev
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Itzev
authors.forename: Galya
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stavreva
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000502:physiology*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D001703:Biophysics; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D019335:Nitroarginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012007:Rectum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013373:Substance P / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D019335:Nitroarginine; D013373:Substance P; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D001285:Atropine; C042867:spantide; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase