title: Free iron in pale, dark and alcohol-free commercial lager beers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A highly sensitive, selective, rapid, reliable and inexpensive method has been developed for the direct analysis of free iron in 40 samples of bottled lager beer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry technique at a hanging mercury drop electrode without any sample digestion was performed. The iron content in the analysed samples was in the range of 41 to 165 ppb.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results point out that dark beers keep the highest free iron concentrations, which may be related to the highest amounts of minor ingredients in dark beers. Meanwhile, alcohol-free beers present the lowest free iron concentrations. Some discussion is presented regarding the basis of the free and complexed iron in beer and its participation as an essential element in the human diet.
authors.affiliation: Dpto. Ingeniería Agrícola y Forestal (Área de Tecnología de los Alimentos), E.T.S. Ingeniarías Agrarias, Universidad de Valladolid, 34004 Palencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sancho
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascual
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques; D038622:Internationality; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D019266:Iron, Dietary / Q000032:analysis*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D019266:Iron, Dietary