title: Specific detection of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli strains by using ELISA with bacteriophages as recognition agents.
abstract: The use of bacteriophages, instead of antibodies, in the ELISA-based detection of bacterial strains was tested. This procedure appeared to be efficient, and specific strains of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli could be detected. The sensitivity of the assay was about 10(5) bacterial cells/well (10(6)/ml), which is comparable with or outperforms other ELISA tests detecting intact bacterial cells without an enrichment step. The specificity of the assay depends on the kind of bacteriophage used. We conclude that the use of bacteriophages in the detection and identification of bacteria by an ELISA-based method can be an alternative to the use of specific antibodies. The advantages of the use of bacteriophages are their environmental abundance (and, thus, a possibility to isolate various phages with different specificities) and the availability of methods for obtaining large amounts of phage lysates, which are simple, rapid, cheap, and easy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Gdańsk, Kładki 24, 80-822 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galikowska
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kunikowska
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tokarska-Pietrzak
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dziadziuszko
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Loś
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Golec
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Węgrzyn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loś
mesh_terms: D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000821:virology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012483:Salmonella Phages / Q000254:growth & development*; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000821:virology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity