title: No relevant relationship between glucose variability and oxidative stress in well-regulated type 2 diabetes patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A strong relationship between glycemic variability and oxidative stress in poorly regulated type 2 diabetes (T2DM) on oral medication has been reported. However, this relationship was not seen in type 1 diabetes. The purpose of this study is to reexamine the relation between glycemic variability and oxidative stress in a cohort of T2DM patients on oral medication.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients with T2DM on oral glucose lowering treatment underwent 48 hours of continuous glucose monitoring (CGMS® System GoldTM, Medtronic MiniMed) and simultaneous collection of two consecutive 24-hour urine samples for determination of 15(S)-8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Standard deviation (SD) and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE) were calculated as markers of glycemic variability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Included in the study were 66.7% males with a mean age (range) of 59 (36-76) years and a mean (SD) HbA1c of 6.9% (0.7). Median [interquartile range (IQR)] urinary 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α excretion was 176.1 (113.6-235.8) pg/mg creatinine. Median (IQR) SD was 31 (23-40) mg/dl and MAGE 85 (56-106) mg/dl. Spearman correlation did not show a significant relation for SD (ρ = 0.15, p = .49) or MAGE (ρ = 0.23, p = .29) with 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α excretion. Multivariate regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, HbA1c, and exercise did not alter this observation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We did not find a relevant relationship between glucose variability and 15(S)-8-iso-PGF2α excretions in T2DM patients well-regulated with oral medication that would support an interaction between hyperglycemia and glucose variability with respect to the formation of reactive oxygen species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. s.e.siegelaar@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Siegelaar
authors.forename: Temo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barwari
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kulik
authors.forename: Joost B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: J Hans
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: DeVries
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy / Q000652:urine; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D015237:Dinoprost; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; C517652:hemoglobin A1c protein, human; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha