title: Esophageal coin removal by emergency physicians: a continuous quality improvement project incorporating rapid sequence intubation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to describe our experience removing esophageal coins from children in a tertiary care pediatric emergency department over a 4-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed a continuous quality improvement data set spanning October 1, 2004, through September 30, 2008.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 96 of 101 cases (95%), emergency physicians successfully retrieved the coin. The median age of the children was 19 months (interquartile range [IQR] 13-43 months; range 4 months-12.8 years). The median time to removal of coin from initiation of intubation was 8 minutes (IQR 4-14 minutes; range 1-60 minutes). Coins were extracted using forceps only in 56 cases, whereas forceps and a Foley catheter were used in the remainder. Succinylcholine and etomidate were used in almost all cases for rapid sequence intubation prior to coin removal. Complications were identified in 46 cases: minor bleeding (13), lip laceration (7), multiple attempts (5), hypoxia (3), accidental extubation (3), dental injuries (3), bradycardia (2), coin advanced (1), right main-stem bronchus intubation (1), and other (8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emergency physicians successfully removed esophageal coins following rapid sequence intubation in most cases. Our approach may be considered for the management of pediatric esophageal coins, particularly in an academic pediatric emergency department.
authors.affiliation: Loma Linda Medical University Medical Center and Children's Hospital, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA. rishbhar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rishi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: Lance
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000293:injuries*; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007440:Intubation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009717:Numismatics; D058996:Quality Improvement; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors