title: Current Status of Nonantibiotic and Adjunct Therapies for Clostridium difficile Infection.
abstract: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is a leading cause of nosocomial infections and the most important cause of health care-associated diarrhea worldwide. Standard treatment of CDI consists of modifying underlying antibiotic exposure, aggressive supportive measures, and therapy with specific antibiotics, most commonly metronidazole or vancomycin. This general approach to CDI has remained largely unchanged for decades. In an effort to improve outcomes and reduce recurrences of CDI, interest has been renewed in the development of nonantibiotic and adjunct approaches to therapy. In this review, we highlight some of these recent, resurrected, and novel nonantibiotic treatments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Case School of Medicine and the University Hospitals Case Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA, nuntra.suwantarat@case.edu.
authors.forename: Nuntra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suwantarat
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bobak