title: Complete genome sequence of a Yersinia enterocolitica "Old World" (3/O:9) strain and comparison with the "New World" (1B/O:8) strain.
abstract: Yersinia enterocolitica is a heterogeneous bacterial species with a wide range of animal reservoirs through which human intestinal illness can be facilitated. In contrast to the epidemiological pattern observed in the United States, infections in China present a pattern similar to those in European countries and Japan, wherein "Old World" strains (biotypes 2 to 5) are prevalent. To gain insights into the evolution of Y. enterocolitica and pathogenic properties toward human hosts, we sequenced the genome of a biotype 3 strain, 105.5R(r) (O:9), obtained from a Chinese patient. Comparative genome sequence analysis with strain 8081 (1B/O:8) revealed new insights into Y. enterocolitica. Both strains have more than 14% specific genes. In strain 105.5R(r), putative virulence factors were found in strain-specific genomic pathogenicity islands that comprised a novel type III secretion system and rtx-like genes. Many of the loci representing ancestral clusters, which are believed to contribute to enteric survival and pathogenesis, are present in strain 105.5R(r) but lost in strain 8081. Insertion elements in 105.5R(r) have a pattern distinct from those in strain 8081 and were exclusively located in a strain-specific region. In summary, our comparative genome analysis indicates that these two strains may have attained their pathogenicity by completely separate evolutionary events, and the 105.5R(r) strain, a representative of the Old World biogroup, lies in a branch of Y. enterocolitica that is distinct from the "New World" 8081 strain.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, 102206 Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Huaiqi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jing
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Zhemin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shaojing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics; D015009:Yersinia Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D015008:Yersinia enterocolitica / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D037521:Virulence Factors