title: Association of ACE ID and ACE G2350A polymorphism with increased blood pressure in persons exposed to different sound levels in Pakistan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of ACE ID and ACE G2350A polymorphism in increasing the blood pressure of persons exposed to different sound levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Persons exposed to normal sound level (≤80 dBA) and noise (>80 dBA) were divided in two categories on the basis of blood pressure. Category A was comprised of the individuals with blood pressure ranges equal or less than that for normotensive persons. Category B was composed of the workers with blood pressure above than that for category A. ACE ID and ACE G2350A polymorphism was detected for analysis of its association with the increased blood pressure considering noise as modifier.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Least homozygous allele model for ACE ID polymorphism indicates no association of DD allele with the increased blood pressure in persons exposed to normal sound (Odds ratio: 0.831; 95% Confidence interval: 0.340-2.030). Similar findings were noted in persons exposed to noise (Odds ratio: 0.992; 95% Confidence interval: 0.536-1.835). Combining all the samples did not change the results (Odds ratio: 0.948; 95% Confidence interval: 0.580-1.549). For ACE G2350A polymorphism, least common homozygote model revealed that AA allele did not affect the chances of increased blood pressure in normal sound exposed group (Odds ratio: 0.827; 95% Confidence interval: 0.169-4.042) and noise exposed group (Odds ratio: 1.416; 95% Confidence interval: 0.682-2.941). There was no prominent variation in the results on combining all the samples (Odds ratio: 1.529; 95% Confidence interval: 0.807-2.872).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No association was observed between ACE ID/ACE G2350A polymorphism and the increased blood pressure in persons exposed to normal sound and noise in Pakistani population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan. kashifnawazshabbir@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Syed Kashif
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Nawaz
authors.forename: Shahida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasnain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009623:Noise, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D010154:Pakistan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: C488034:ACE protein, human; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A