title: Levonorgestrel-releasing and copper intrauterine devices and the risk of breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study compares the risk of breast cancer for levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine devices (LNG(IUD)) versus copper IUDs (CU(IUD)) in women younger than 50 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, population-based, case-control study using cancer registers in Finland and Germany, powered to exclude a 1.5-fold risk of breast cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of 5113 breast cancer cases diagnosed 2000-2007 and 20,452 controls - matched by year of birth and area of residence - yielded relative risk estimates approaching unity with 95% CI crossing 1.0 for all comparisons, including ever-use of LNG(IUD) versus CU(IUD) (adjusted OR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.88-1.12) and current use at time of diagnosis (adjusted OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.52-1.39), as well as for sub-analyses by country, age, tumor characteristics and period, recency and duration of use prior to diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not indicate an increased risk of breast cancer for users of LNG(IUD). No indications for tumor promotion or tumor induction were found.
authors.affiliation: ZEG - Berlin Center for Epidemiology and Health Research, Germany. dinger@zeg-berlin.de
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dinger
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bardenheuer
authors.forename: Thai Do
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Minh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007436:Intrauterine Devices, Medicated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D016912:Levonorgestrel