title: Effect of exogenous surfactants on viability and DNA synthesis in A549, immortalized mouse type II and isolated rat alveolar type II cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In mechanically ventilated preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), exogenous surfactant application has been demonstrated both to decrease DNA-synthesis but also and paradoxically to increase epithelial cell proliferation. However, the effect of exogenous surfactant has not been studied directly on alveolar type II cells (ATII cells), a key cell type responsible for alveolar function and repair.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two commercially available surfactant preparations on ATII cell viability and DNA synthesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Curosurf® and Alveofact® were applied to two ATII cell lines (human A549 and mouse iMATII cells) and to primary rat ATII cells for periods of up to 24 h. Cell viability was measured using the redox indicator resazurin and DNA synthesis was measured using BrdU incorporation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Curosurf® resulted in slightly decreased cell viability in all cell culture models. However, DNA synthesis was increased in A549 and rat ATII cells but decreased in iMATII cells. Alveofact® exhibited the opposite effects on A549 cells and had very mild effects on the other two cell models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that commercially available exogenous surfactants used to treat preterm infants with RDS can have profound effects on cell viability and DNA synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Innsbruck Medical University, Department for Pediatrics, Neonatology, Austria. andreas.wemhoener@uniklinikum-dresden.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wemhöner
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rüdiger
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simbruner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001688:Biological Products / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D001688:Biological Products; D010743:Phospholipids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; C078272:SF-RI 1, bovine surfactant preparation; D004247:DNA; C068291:poractant alfa