title: Smoking related diseases: the central role of monoamine oxidase.
abstract: Smoking is a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality. It is well established that monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity is decreased in smokers. Serotonin (5-HT), a major substrate for MAO that circulates as a reserve pool stored in platelets, is a marker of platelet activation. We recently reported that smoking durably modifies the platelet 5-HT/MAO system by inducing a demethylation of the MAO gene promoter resulting in high MAO protein concentration persisting more than ten years after quitting smoking. The present data enlarges the results to another MAO substrate, norepinephrine (NE), further confirming the central role of MAO in tobacco use-induced diseases. Thus, MAO could be a readily accessible and helpful marker in the risk evaluation of smoking-related diseases, from cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases to depression, anxiety and cancer. The present review implements the new finding of epigenetic regulation of MAO and suggests that smoking-induced MAO demethylation can be considered as a hallmark of smoking-related cancers similarly to other aberrant DNA methylations.
authors.affiliation: UMRS 956 (Génétique, Pharmacologie et Physiopathologie des maladies cardiovasculaires), Faculté de Médecine Pitié-Salpétrière, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 91 Bd de l'hôpital, 75634 Paris cedex 13, France. francine.rendu@upmc.fr
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rendu
authors.forename: Katell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peoc'h
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berlin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Launay
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D003863:Depression / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D012307:Risk Factors; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012701:Serotonin; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase; C010117:3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol; D009638:Norepinephrine