title: Effects of major depression on crack use and arrests among women in drug court.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether a current major depressive episode (MDE) at baseline predicted crack use and arrests at follow-up among women enrolled in drug court.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary analyses used zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) and zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression analyses to predict both yes/no and number of (i) days of crack use and (ii) arrests at 4-month follow-up from current (30-day) MDE at baseline. Secondary analyses addressed risk conferred by current versus past MDE at baseline.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 261 women in drug court.
  
  
  METHODS
  MDE was assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Days using crack and number of arrests were assessed using the Washington University Risk Behavior Assessment for Women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Having a current MDE at baseline predicted likelihood of crack use at follow-up, but not days of crack use among those who used. Current MDE at baseline did not predict presence or number of arrests at the 4-month follow-up. Women with current MDE at baseline were more likely to be using crack at follow-up than were those with recent (31+ days to 12 months) but not current MDE (odds ratio = 5.71); past MDE at baseline did not increase risk of crack use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Predictors of any versus no crack use or arrests appear to differ from predictors of frequency of these behaviors. Current major depression, but not past major depression, appears to be associated with increased risk of crack use among women attending drug court.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI 02906, USA. jennifer_johnson@brown.edu
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Catina C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: Catherine W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Striley
authors.forename: Arbi Ben
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Abdallah
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bradford
authors.forename: Linda B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Cottler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D016578:Crack Cocaine; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D035846:Law Enforcement; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D016578:Crack Cocaine