title: Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors attenuate renal tubular apoptosis after partial unilateral ureteral obstruction: an experimental study.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors on renal tubular apoptosis and also on expressions of endothelial and inducible nitric oxide synthases (eNOS and iNOS) in the ipsilateral kidney after partial unilateral ureteral obstruction (PUUO) in a rat model. Forty Wistar albino rats were divided into five groups. In Groups 1-4, left experimental PUUO was created. Sildenafil, vardenafil, and tadalafil were administrated to the rats of Groups 2-4, respectively. The pills were orally given to the rats for 30 days. Group 5 was defined as sham. After 30 days, all rats were sacrificed, and nephrectomy was performed. The renal specimens were examined histopathologically. Left hydroureteronephrosis was observed in Groups 1-4. Mean apoptotic cell count and eNOS and iNOS levels were significantly increased in Group 1 when compared with the other groups. The rats in Groups 2-4 showed significantly decreased apoptotic cell count and eNOS and iNOS values in the renal tubular tissue in accordance with Group 1 (p<0.05). There were significant differences in apoptotic cell counts between sildenafil group and the other two study groups. The sildenafil group demonstrated lesser apoptotic cell count than the vardenafil (p=0.021) and tadalafil (p=0.009) groups. PUUO increases the renal tubular apoptosis and elevates NOS concentrations in renal tubular tissue after PUUO. Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors have a protective effect against the tubular apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Second Urology Clinic, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akgül
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Huri
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagmurdur
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayyıldız
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ustün
authors.forename: Cankon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Germiyanoğlu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002243:Carbolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068581:Tadalafil; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride
chemical_list: D002243:Carbolines; D007093:Imidazoles; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014227:Triazines; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; D000068581:Tadalafil; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III