title: Changes to upper eyelid orbital fat from use of topical bimatoprost, travoprost, and latanoprost.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To confirm the possible mechanism by which topical prostaglandin antiglaucoma drugs cause a deep superior sulcus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among patients who used bimatoprost (Lumigan), latanoprost (Xalatan), or travoprost (Travatan) and who developed a deep upper lid sulcus, 18 eyes of 11 patients (mean age, 58.2 ± 8.9 years) were studied. Seven patients were binocular users of one of the eye drops and four were monocular users. Preaponeurotic orbital fat was obtained, and the mean adipocyte density compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the four monocular users, mean adipocyte density of treated eyes was 1758.21 ± 158.15 cells/mm(2), and that of untreated eyes was 1258.73 ± 127.54 cells/mm(2). This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.04), suggesting that the adipocytes were atrophied in the treated eyes. The mean adipocyte density of the bimatoprost group was 2073.35 ± 184.89 cells/mm(2), that of the travoprost group was 1623.46 ± 218.99 cells/mm(2), and that of the latanoprost group was 1468.20 ± 113.44 cells/mm(2). The densities of the bimatoprost and travoprost groups, but not of the latanoprost group (P = 0.75), were significantly different from that of the untreated group (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fat atrophy can be considered a mechanism of upper eyelid sulcus deepening in patients using topical prostaglandin analogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, St Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Juwan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyun Kyung
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Jung-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000473:pathology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D000577:Amides / Q000009:adverse effects; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001284:Atrophy; D000069580:Bimatoprost; D002452:Cell Count; D003008:Cloprostenol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000009:adverse effects; D000069557:Travoprost
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D003008:Cloprostenol; D000077338:Latanoprost; D000069580:Bimatoprost; D000069557:Travoprost