title: Harmonic analysis of noninvasively recorded arterial pressure waveforms in healthy bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata).
abstract: To characterize primate arterial waveforms, we prospectively studied 38 bonnet macaques (Macaca radiata; 25 female, 13 ± 4 y). Brachial artery waveforms were recorded from these animals by applanation tonometry and were decomposed into harmonics by using Fourier analysis. The ratio of individual to total harmonic amplitude (H:T) was derived from frequency spectra. Left ventricular (LV) mass, ejection fraction, fractional shortening, septal wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, LV end-diastolic diameter, and LV end-systolic diameter were obtained by echocardiography in all 38 monkeys. Blood pressure was obtained by sphygmomanometry. The fundamental frequency was 2.76 cycles/s. Harmonics ranged from 5 to 14. Indexed LV mass was inversely correlated with third H:T and second H:T but not with systolic or diastolic blood pressure. In addition, the third H:T was inversely correlated with septal wall thickness, posterior wall thickness, and LV end-diastolic diameter, whereas second H:T was inversely correlated with LV end-diastolic diameter. Heart rate was inversely correlated with eighth H:T. On multivariate analysis adjusting for age, gender, weight, and length, only third H:T was an independent predictor of LV mass. Harmonic analysis of arterial waveforms may provide information pertaining to LV mass. Lower H:T ratios (second and third) are related to LV mass, whereas higher H:T (eighth) is related to heart rate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Oladipupo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Olafiranye
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salciccioli
authors.forename: Haroon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamran
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lazar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D008255:Macaca radiata / Q000502:physiology*; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*