title: Dietary whey protein lowers the risk for metabolic disease in mice fed a high-fat diet.
abstract: Consuming a high-fat (HF) diet produces excessive weight gain, adiposity, and metabolic complications associated with risk for developing type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease. This study evaluated the influence of whey protein isolate (WPI) on systemic energy balance and metabolic changes in mice fed a HF diet. Female C57BL/6J mice received for 11 wk a HF diet, with or without 100 g WPI/L drinking water. Energy consumption and glucose and lipid metabolism were examined. WPI mice had lower rates of body weight gain and percent body fat and greater lean body mass, although energy consumption was unchanged. These results were consistent with WPI mice having higher basal metabolic rates, respiratory quotients, and hepatic mitochondrial respiration. Health implications for WPI were reflected in early biomarkers for fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. Livers from WPI mice had significantly fewer hepatic lipid droplet numbers and less deposition of nonpolar lipids. Furthermore, WPI improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. We conclude that in mice receiving a HF diet, consumption of WPI results in higher basal metabolic rates and altered metabolism of dietary lipids. Because WPI mice had less hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance, WPI dietary supplements may be effective in slowing the development of fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health and Center for Environmental Genetics, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056, USA. shertzhg@ucmail.uc.edu
authors.forename: Howard G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Shertzer
authors.forename: Sally E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Mansi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krishan
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Genter
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Pearson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012306:Risk; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins