title: Dynamics of molecular evolution and phylogeography of Barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV.
abstract: Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) species PAV occurs frequently in irrigated wheat fields worldwide and can be efficiently transmitted by aphids. Isolates of BYDV-PAV from different countries show great divergence both in genomic sequences and pathogenicity. Despite its economical importance, the genetic structure of natural BYDV-PAV populations, as well as of the mechanisms maintaining its high diversity, remain poorly explored. In this study, we investigate the dynamics of BYDV-PAV genome evolution utilizing time-structured data sets of complete genomic sequences from 58 isolates from different hosts obtained worldwide. First, we observed that BYDV-PAV exhibits a high frequency of homologous recombination. Second, our analysis revealed that BYDV-PAV genome evolves under purifying selection and at a substitution rate similar to other RNA viruses (3.158×10(-4) nucleotide substitutions/site/year). Phylogeography analyses show that the diversification of BYDV-PAV can be explained by local geographic adaptation as well as by host-driven adaptation. These results increase our understanding of the diversity, molecular evolutionary characteristics and epidemiological properties of an economically important plant RNA virus.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Beilei
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blanchard-Letort
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guanghe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xifeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Santiago F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Elena
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D049810:Genetic Speciation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D001467:Hordeum / Q000821:virology*; D017793:Luteovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009030:Mosaicism; D010802:Phylogeny; D058974:Phylogeography; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid