title: Comparative metagenomics of microbial traits within oceanic viral communities.
abstract: Viral genomes often contain genes recently acquired from microbes. In some cases (for example, psbA) the proteins encoded by these genes have been shown to be important for viral replication. In this study, using a unique search strategy on the Global Ocean Survey (GOS) metagenomes in combination with marine virome and microbiome pyrosequencing-based datasets, we characterize previously undetected microbial metabolic capabilities concealed within the genomes of uncultured marine viral communities. A total of 34 microbial gene families were detected on 452 viral GOS scaffolds. The majority of auxiliary metabolic genes found on these scaffolds have never been reported in phages. Host genes detected in viruses were mainly divided between genes encoding for different energy metabolism pathways, such as electron transport and newly identified photosystem genes, or translation and post-translation mechanism related. Our findings suggest previously undetected ways, in which marine phages adapt to their hosts and improve their fitness, including translation and post-translation level control over the host rather than the already known transcription level control.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Itai
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sharon
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Battchikova
authors.forename: Eva-Mari
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Aro
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giglione
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meinnel
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.forename: Ron Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Pinter
authors.forename: Mya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Breitbart
authors.forename: Forest
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rohwer
authors.forename: Oded
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Béjà
mesh_terms: D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000235:genetics*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005814:Genes, Viral; D016679:Genome, Viral; D054892:Metagenome; D056186:Metagenomics; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010802:Phylogeny; D012623:Seawater / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014871:Water Microbiology