title: [Anatomic study of mandibular bone flap pedicled with temporal muscle for midface bone defect].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the anatomy of mandibular bone flap pedicled with temporal muscle for midfacial bone defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The shape and blood supply of the temporal muscle and mandibular ramus, as well as their relationship, were observed and measured in 30 sides of adult head specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The temporal muscle has a fan-shaped main portion, then is scattered into three bundles as anterolateral, anteromedial, posterior bundles, which end respectively at anterior border of ramus, the temporal ridge and posterior portion of coronoid process. Then the muscle goes downward until it reaches the distal side of the third medial surface molar and attaches the 3/4 of medial surface of anterior portion of ramus. The blood supply of temporal muscle includes the medial temporal artery with external diameter of (0.76 +/- 0.20) mm, the anterior deep temporal arteries with external diameter of (0.79 +/- 0.21) mm, posterior deep temporal arteries with external diameter of (0.98 +/- 0.64) mm, the accessory deep temporal artery formed by many little branches. The anterior part of ramus is supplied by the periosteal arteries and the bony perforator of the deep temporal arteries. Rectangular ramus of mandible was divided into anterior portion and posterior portion by the line linking the lowest point of mandibular notch, mandibular foramen and mandibular canal. Anterior portion can supply a bone flap with a size of (46.67 +/- 6.85) mm x (17.98 +/- 2.64) mm x (11.49 +/- 0.99) mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mandibular bone flap pedicled with temporal muscle has a reliable blood supply and abundant bone volume. It is feasible to design a mandibular bone flap pedicled with temporal muscle for midfacial bone defect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233004, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shi-wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong-feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun-ju
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation