title: Randomized controlled trial on fluoride varnish application for treatment of white spot lesion after fixed orthodontic treatment.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of fluoride varnish (5% sodium fluoride, Duraphat(®), Colgate) in reverting white spot lesions (WSLs) after fixed orthodontic treatment. This study was a randomized, parallel group, controlled clinical trial. Using saline solution as control, 110 participants (mean age ± standard deviation: 16.6 ± 3.2 years) ranging from 12 to 22 years old were randomly assigned to either the test group (group 1) or the control group (group 2). Application of fluoride varnish or saline was applied onto tooth surfaces with WSLs every month during the first 6 months after debonding. The labial (buccal) surfaces of the teeth were assessed by the use of a DIAGNOdent pen (DD) at the baseline, 3- and 6-month follow-up visits. After 6 months, 96 subjects with a total of 209 study teeth (47 subjects, 104 teeth in group 1; 49 subjects, 105 teeth in group 2) remained. The WSLs had a mean DD reading at baseline of 17.66 ± 5.36 in group 1 and 16.19 ± 5.70 in group 2, which decreased by 5.78 and 2.44, respectively, at the 3-month follow-up visit and decreased by 7.56 and 3.09, respectively, at the 6-month follow-up visit. The mean baseline DD readings in the two groups were similar (t test, P > 0.05). There was statistically significant differences between the mean DD readings of the two groups at the 3-month (P < 0.05) and at the 6-month follow-up visits (P < 0.01). Topical fluoride varnish application is effective in reversing WSLs after debonding and should be advocated as a routine caries prevention measure after orthodontic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, 237 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, China. minquandu@163.com
authors.forename: Minquan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Baojun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D017005:Dental Debonding; D005260:Female; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010919:Placebos; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D010919:Placebos; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D012969:Sodium Fluoride