title: Pulmonary flow profile and distensibility following acute pulmonary embolism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Proof of concept study evaluating CMR as screening tool for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) in patients treated for acute pulmonary embolism (PE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Right and left ventricular function of 15 consecutive patients treated for PE and 10 consecutive patients in whom PE was excluded was estimated at baseline by cardiac CT and at 6 months follow-up by CMR. Additionally, during the follow-up visit, pulmonary artery (PA) hemodynamics were studied by CMR and the presence of pulmonary hypertension by echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CT measured right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) was lower in patients with PE compared to patients without PE at time of diagnosis (median 47%, interquartile range 39-53 vs. 55%, 52-58; p = 0.014). After 6 months follow up, the RVEF between patients treated for PE and patients without PE were not statistically significant different (55%, 52-60 versus 54%, 51-57; p = 0.57), as were distensibility index (0.18 ± 0.18 versus 0.25 ± 0.18, p = 0.20), mean velocity (14.1 ± 3.9 cm/s versus 14.0 ± 2.5 cm/s, p = 0.81), peak velocity (86.5 ± 22 cm/s versus 89.6 ± 13 cm/s, p = 0.43) and time to peak PA blood flow velocity (142 ± 49 ms versus 161 ± 29 ms, p = 0.14). One patient was diagnosed with CTEPH and CMR revealed poor right systolic function, decreased PA distensibility and flow velocity, and a systolic notch in the PA flow profile consistent with persistent PA obstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this small series, right ventricular performance and PA flow profiles of patients treated for 6 months after PE are equivalent to those parameters in normal patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Vascular medicine, department of General Internal Medicine-Endocrinology, LUMC, Leiden, the Netherlands. f.a.klok@LUMC.nl
authors.forename: Frederikus A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Klok
authors.forename: Soha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romeih
authors.forename: Jos J M
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Westenberg
authors.forename: Lucia J M
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kroft
authors.forename: Menno V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Huisman
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Roos
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right