title: [Direct costs of medical care for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Mexico micro-costing analysis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Estimate the direct cost of medical care incurred by the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social) for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical files of 497 patients who were treated in secondary and tertiary medical care units in 2002-2004 were reviewed. Costs were quantified using a disease costing approach (DCA) from the provider's perspective, a micro-costing technique, and a bottom-up methodology. Average annual costs by diagnosis, complication, and total cost were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total IMSS DM2 annual costs were US$452 064 988, or 3.1% of operating expenses. The annual average cost per patient was US$3 193.75, with US$2 740.34 per patient without complications and US$3 550.17 per patient with complications. Hospitalization and intensive care bed-days generated the greatest expenses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high cost of providing medical care to patients with DM2 and its complications represents an economic burden that health institutions should consider in their budgets to enable them to offer quality service that is both adequate and timely. Using the micro-costing methodology allows an approximation to real data on utilization and management of the disease.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Morelos, México.
authors.forename: Rosibel de Los Ángeles
authors.initials: Rde L
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Bolaños
authors.forename: Luz Myriam
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Reynales Shigematsu
authors.forename: Jorge Alberto
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jiménez Ruíz
authors.forename: Sergio Arturo
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Juárez Márquezy
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernández Ávila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D004180:Direct Service Costs; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012943:Social Security / Q000191:economics