title: Brain perihematoma genomic profile following spontaneous human intracerebral hemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) represents about 15% of all strokes and is associated with high mortality rates. Our aim was to identify the gene expression changes and biological pathways altered in the brain following ICH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve brain samples were obtained from four deceased patients who suffered an ICH including perihematomal tissue (PH) and the corresponding contralateral white (CW) and grey (CG) matter. Affymetrix GeneChip platform for analysis of over 47,000 transcripts was conducted. Microarray Analysis Suite 5.0 was used to process array images and the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis System was used to analyze biological mechanisms and functions of the genes. We identified 468 genes in the PH areas displaying a different expression pattern with a fold change between -3.74 and +5.16 when compared to the contralateral areas (291 overexpressed and 177 underexpressed). The top genes which appeared most significantly overexpressed in the PH areas codify for cytokines, chemokines, coagulation factors, cell growth and proliferation factors while the underexpressed codify for proteins involved in cell cycle or neurotrophins. Validation and replication studies at gene and protein level in brain samples confirmed microarray results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genomic responses identified in this study provide valuable information about potential biomarkers and target molecules altered in the perihematomal regions.
authors.affiliation: Neurovascular Research Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Institut de Recerca, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosell
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vilalta
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: García-Berrocoso
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fernández-Cadenas
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Domingues-Montanari
authors.forename: Eloy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cuadrado
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ribó
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez-Sáez
authors.forename: Arantxa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortega-Aznar
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montaner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015894:Genome, Human; D006406:Hematoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D054928:Validation Studies as Topic
chemical_list: C508606:CXCL8 protein, human; D016209:Interleukin-8