title: Metabolic syndrome and its relation to chronic kidney disease in a Southeast Asian population.
abstract: The metabolic syndrome has been documented to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease (CKD); however, there are few studies of this in developing countries. A total of 15,357 participants of a standardized check-up, included metabolic screening, were enrolled. Metabolic syndrome was defined using criteria modified from the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III) and the International Diabetes Federation (IDF). CKD was defined as a glomerular filtration rate <60 m/min per 1.73 m2. Eighty point four percent of participants were men and 2,228 (14.5%) had CKD. Metabolic syndrome was more prevalent among CKD subjects than non-CKD subjects (modified NCEP-ATP III, 30.1% vs 24.4%; p < 0.001; modified IDF 26.9% vs 23.1%; p < 0.001, respectively). Abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, high blood pressure and impaired fasting glucose were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of CKD. There was also a significant graded relationship between the number of metabolic syndrome components and the prevalence of CKD. Participants with metabolic syndrome according to the modified NCEP-ATP III and modified IDF criteria had a 1.34-fold increase in adjusted odds ratio (95% CI 1.21-1.49) and a 1.20-fold increase in adjusted odds ratio (95% CI 1.08-1.33), respectively, compared to those without metabolic syndrome. Our study demonstrated metabolic syndrome defined with modified NCEP-ATP III and modified IDF criteria was significantly associated with increased prevalence of CKD in a Southeast Asian population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Phramongkutklao Hospital and College of Medicine, Bangkok, Thailand. satirapoj@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bancha
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Satirapoj
authors.forename: Ouppatham
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Supasyndh
authors.forename: Natee
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mayteedol
authors.forename: Amnart
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaiprasert
authors.forename: Panbuppa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Choovichian
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology