title: In vivo immunomodulatory effect of Tilia x viridis extracts on normal lymphocyte proliferation: a direct and an indirect action.
abstract: The flowers of Tilia species have been used in Europe for many years to treat colds, bronchitis, fever, inflammations and influenza. It is well known that lymphocytes play a role in acquired immunity related to pathogens and tumor cells attachment. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an aqueous (AE) and a dichloromethane extract (DM) from Tilia x viridis which is widely used and distributed in Argentina, on normal murine lymphocyte proliferation after being administered to mice. Both extracts presented a stimulatory effect on normal murine lymphocyte proliferation. The effect exerted by DM was principally related to macrophage activation, meanwhile AE exerted an important direct effect on lymphocytes related to the rutin presence. The stimulating effect, exerted on normal lymphocytes was due to a protective effect of apoptosis and also to cell IL2 production.
authors.affiliation: IQUIMEFA- CONICET, UBA, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davicino
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zettler
authors.forename: Margarita Rodriguez
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Brizi
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marrassini
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferraro
authors.forename: Rosana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Filip
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Anesini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology; D032384:Tilia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007155:Immunologic Factors; D007376:Interleukin-2; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012431:Rutin