title: A combined treatment of landfill leachate using calcium oxide, ferric chloride and clinoptilolite.
abstract: The aim of this research was development of appropriate procedure for treatment of landfill leachate taken from old sanitary landfill Piskornica (Koprivnica, Croatia). Due to complex nature of the effluent a combined treatment approach was applied. Samples were treated with calcium oxide followed by ferric chloride and finally with clinoptilolite. The optimum amount of treating agents and contact time were determined. Application of calcium oxide (25 g/L, 20 min. contact time) resulted in the reduction of color, turbidity, suspended solids and ammonia for 94.50%, 96.55%, 95.66% and 21.60%, respectively, while the removal efficiency of Cr (VI), Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb was 75.00%, 95.34%, 56.52%, 78.72%, 73.02% and 100.00%, respectively. After addition of ferric chloride (570 mg Fe(3+)/L, 20 min. contact time) removal efficiency of color, turbidity, suspended solids and ammonia increased to 96.04%, 99.27%, 98.61%, and 43.20%, respectively. Removal of ammonia (81.60%) increased significantly after final adsorption onto clinoptilolite (25 g/L, 4 h contact time). Removal of COD after successive treatment with calcium oxide, ferric chloride and clinoptilolite was 64.70%, 77.40% and 81.00%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Energy Ltd., Zagreb, Croatia. vorescan@gmail.com
authors.forename: Visnja
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Orescanin
authors.forename: Damir
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ruk
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kollar
authors.forename: Ivanka Lovrencic
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Mikelic
authors.forename: Karlo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nad
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mikulic
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D057919:Biological Oxygen Demand Analysis; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000737:chemistry*; D003116:Color; D017523:Croatia; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000737:chemistry*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D017641:Zeolites / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010087:Oxides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C083175:clinoptilolite; D017641:Zeolites; D000641:Ammonia; C016538:lime; C024555:ferric chloride