title: Epidemiology of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) deaths in the United States, April-July 2009.
abstract: During the spring of 2009, pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) was recognized and rapidly spread worldwide. To describe the geographic distribution and patient characteristics of pH1N1-associated deaths in the United States, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention requested information from health departments on all laboratory-confirmed pH1N1 deaths reported from 17 April through 23 July 2009. Data were collected using medical charts, medical examiner reports, and death certificates. A total of 377 pH1N1-associated deaths were identified, for a mortality rate of .12 deaths per 100,000 population. Activity was geographically localized, with the highest mortality rates in Hawaii, New York, and Utah. Seventy-six percent of deaths occurred in persons aged 18-65 years, and 9% occurred in persons aged ≥ 65 years. Underlying medical conditions were reported for 78% of deaths: chronic lung disease among adults (39%) and neurologic disease among children (54%). Overall mortality associated with pH1N1 was low; however, the majority of deaths occurred in persons aged <65 years with underlying medical conditions.
authors.affiliation: Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. afowlkes@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Ashley L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Fowlkes
authors.forename: Paul
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authors.lastname: Arguin
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Biggerstaff
authors.forename: Jacqueline
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authors.lastname: Gindler
authors.forename: Dianna
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authors.lastname: Blau
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authors.forename: Roseline
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authors.forename: Elizabeth
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authors.lastname: Turnipseed
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authors.forename: Alan
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authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Ariane
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authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: Sarah Y
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authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Deborah
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authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Matthew D
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authors.lastname: Ritchey
authors.forename: Noelle M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Cocoros
authors.forename: David
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authors.lastname: Blythe
authors.forename: Susan
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authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Ruth
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authors.lastname: Lynfield
authors.forename: Lesha
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authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Jannifer
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authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Zack
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authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Christine L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: Shannon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Christie K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Meredith
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authors.lastname: Vandermeer
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waller
authors.forename: Utpala
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bandy
authors.forename: Timothy F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Lesley
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authors.lastname: Bullion
authors.forename: Valoree
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vernon
authors.forename: Kathryn H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lofy
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haupt
authors.forename: Lyn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Finelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058873:Pandemics; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult