title: Ferumoxtran-10 MR lymphography for target definition and follow-up in a patient undergoing image-guided, dose-escalated radiotherapy of lymph nodes upon PSA relapse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of the lymph node situation in patients with prostate cancer is essential for effective radiotherapy. Using magnet resonance imaging (MRI) of the lymph nodes with ferumoxtran-10 (MR lymphography), it is possible to detect lymph node metastasis. We present our initial experience with ferumoxtran-10 MR lymphography as the basis for image-guided, dose-escalated lymph node radiotherapy and for early follow-up after radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient with suspicion for lymph node metastasis after radical prostatectomy was examined with MR lymphography with the lymph node-specific contrast media ferumoxtran-10. Radiotherapy was performed as intensity-modulated radiotherapy with a total dose of 44 Gy to the whole lymphatic drainage, 60 Gy to the area of affected lymph nodes, 71 Gy to the prostate bed, and 75 Gy to the anastomosis region. 8 weeks after completion of radiotherapy, a follow-up MR lymphography with ferumoxtran-10 was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first MRI with ferumoxtran-10, 5 metastatic lymph nodes were found in the iliac region. The scan 8 weeks postradiotherapy no longer showed lymph nodes suspicious for metastases. PSA (prostate-specific antigen) decreased from 2.06 ng/ml pretherapeutically to 0.02 ng/ml at 2 weeks after treatment and was no longer detectable at 8 months after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lymph node staging with ferumoxtran-10 and subsequent dose escalation with intensity-modulated radiotherapy led to the elimination of positive lymph nodes and a decrease in the PSA value.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center, Mannheim, Germany. anja.weidner@umm.de
authors.forename: Anja M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Weidner
authors.forename: Emile N J Th
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: van Lin
authors.forename: Dietmar J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dinter
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rozema
authors.forename: Stefan O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wenz
authors.forename: Jelle O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Barentsz
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lohr
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003911:Dextrans; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D015182:Lymphatic Irradiation / Q000379:methods*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008220:Lymphography / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; C097921:ferumoxtran-10; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen