title: Toxicity of crude oil to fresh water shrimp, Macrobrachium macrobrachion and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, from Nigerian coastal water.
abstract: The water soluble fraction (WSF) of crude oil was tested against Macrobrachium macrobrachion and Macrobrachium vollenhovenii, at 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 mg/L in glass aquaria stocked with ten animals for 96 h under observations for changes. Moribund swimming, restlessness, respiratory difficulties, depigmentation and mortalities were observed in the WSF exposure groups, but not in the controls. LC(50) values were estimated at 5 ± 1.76 and 4 ± 1.76 mg/L for M. macrobrachion and M. vollenhovenii respectively. There was no significant difference in mortalities between the two species (p > 0.05), leading to the conclusion that the WSF of crude oil in the Nigerian coastal waters may be equally toxic to M. macrobrachion and M. vollenhovenii.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Fish Diseases and Histopathology Unit, Institute of Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria. albertekanem@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ekanem
authors.forename: F Emile
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Asuquo
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Ndick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009549:Nigeria; D033541:Palaemonidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical