title: Estimating the burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) in the United States (April 2009-April 2010).
abstract: To calculate the burden of 2009 pandemic influenza A (pH1N1) in the United States, we extrapolated from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infections Program laboratory-confirmed hospitalizations across the entire United States, and then corrected for underreporting. From 12 April 2009 to 10 April 2010, we estimate that approximately 60.8 million cases (range: 43.3-89.3 million), 274,304 hospitalizations (195,086-402,719), and 12,469 deaths (8868-18,306) occurred in the United States due to pH1N1. Eighty-seven percent of deaths occurred in those under 65 years of age with children and working adults having risks of hospitalization and death 4 to 7 times and 8 to 12 times greater, respectively, than estimates of impact due to seasonal influenza covering the years 1976-2001. In our study, adults 65 years of age or older were found to have rates of hospitalization and death that were up to 75% and 81%, respectively, lower than seasonal influenza. These results confirm the necessity of a concerted public health response to pH1N1.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diabetes Translation, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Sundar S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Shrestha
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Swerdlow
authors.forename: Rebekah H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Borse
authors.forename: Vimalanand S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Prabhu
authors.forename: Lyn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Finelli
authors.forename: Charisma Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: Kwame
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Owusu-Edusei
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Mead
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Biggerstaff
authors.forename: Lynnette
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brammer
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jernigan
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jhung
authors.forename: Laurie A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kamimoto
authors.forename: Toby L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Merlin
authors.forename: Mackenzie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nowell
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Redd
authors.forename: Carrie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schuchat
authors.forename: Martin I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Meltzer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058873:Pandemics; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult