title: Neuroendocrine tumors: current recommendations for diagnosis and surgical management.
abstract: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare neoplasms found in diverse locations within the body. These tumors are commonly classified by the primary tumor's location, further subclassified by their differentiation, and finally segregated by their ability to hypersecrete peptides or amines. A number of groups have summarized their recommendations for diagnosis and therapy; however, the rarity of these lesions makes prospective randomized multiinstitutional trials difficult. Thus, these "consensus statements" often remain opinion-based. The authors have collaboratively developed a consensus on the current diagnostic work-up necessary for patients with NETs to help clinicians with this confusing field and followed this with some of the more advanced surgical techniques and considerations that are currently only available in specialty centers to show the evolving management of NETs.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 200 West Esplanade Avenue, Suite 200, Kenner, LA 70065, USA.
authors.forename: Saju
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Yi-Zarn
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: J Philip
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Boudreaux
authors.forename: Lowell B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campeau
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raines
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'Dorisio
authors.forename: Vay Liang
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: Aaron I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Vinik
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cundiff
authors.forename: Eugene A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Woltering
mesh_terms: D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018358:Neuroendocrine Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D019797:3-Iodobenzylguanidine; D013004:Somatostatin