title: S100A8/A9 complex as a new biomarker in prediction of mortality in elderly patients with severe heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  S100A8/A9 complex is a new inflammation-related protein and has a positive correlation with C-reaction protein level. However its role in chronic heart failure (CHF) remains unclear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Circulating levels of S100A8/A9 complex and other biomarkers (IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, and BNP) were measured in CHF (n = 54) and hypertensive without CHF (n = 31) as well as healthy subjects (n = 23), with follow up to 1480 days. During follow-up, cumulative mortality rate for CHF patients was 63%. Plasma levels of S100A8/A9 complex, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were significantly higher in CHF than the hypertensive patients and healthy subjects. A significant positive correlation was found between S100A8/A9 complex and IL-6 and IL-8 respectively. Cox regression analysis showed that IL-6 and IL-8 were predictors for mortality for 6 months, and S100A8/A9 complex, IL-6, IL-8 and age were predictors for mortality for one year whereas BNP, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-8 remained predictors for mortality for two years. A combination of S100A8/A9 complex and IL-6 provided powerful predictive value in mortality for both 6 and 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S100A8/A9 complex is a useful biomarker as a predictor for one year mortality and its combination with IL-6 is able to provide additive prognostic information in this vulnerable heart failure population in the elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden. Liping.Ma@wlab.gu.se
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Espen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haugen
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikemoto
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D040501:Calgranulin A / Q000097:blood*; D040502:Calgranulin B / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D040501:Calgranulin A; D040502:Calgranulin B; C508600:IL6 protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6