title: Laparoendoscopic single-site surgeries: a single-center experience of 171 consecutive cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report our experience to date with 171 patients who underwent laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for diverse urologic diseases in a single institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between December 2008 and August 2010, we performed 171 consecutive laparoendoscopic single-site surgeries. These included simple nephrectomy (n=18; robotic surgeries, n=1), radical nephrectomy (n=26; robotic surgeries, n=2), partial nephrectomy (n=59; robotic surgeries, n=56), nephroureterectomy (n=20; robotic surgeries, n=12), pyeloplasty (n=4), renal cyst decortications (n=22), adrenalectomy (n=4; robotic surgeries, n=2), ureterolithotomy (n=10), partial cystectomy (n=3), ureterectomy (n=1), urachal mass excision (n=1), orchiectomy (n=1), seminal vesiculectomy (n=1), and retroperitoneal mass excision (n=1). All procedures were performed by use of a homemade single-port device with a wound retractor and surgical gloves. A prospective study was performed to evaluate outcomes in 171 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 171 patients, 98 underwent conventional laparoendoscopic single-site surgery and 73 underwent robotic laparoendoscopic single-site surgery. Mean patient age was 53 years, mean operative time was 190.8 minutes, and mean estimated blood loss was 204 ml. Intraoperative complications occurred in seven cases (4.1%), and postoperative complications in nine cases (5.3%). There were no complications classified as Grade IIIb or higher (Clavien-Dindo classification for surgical complications). Conversion to mini-incision open surgery occurred in seven (4.1%) cases. Regarding oncologic outcomes, no cancer-related events occurred during follow-up other than one aggressive progression of Ewing sarcoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoendoscopic single-site surgery is technically feasible and safe for various urologic diseases; however, surgical experience and long-term follow-up are needed to test the superiority of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Urological Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Won Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: Koon Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Rha
authors.forename: Jae Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hwang Gyun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Francis Raymond P
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Arkoncel
authors.forename: Seung Choul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Woong Kyu
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Han