title: Dental hygienists' research utilization: influence of context and attitudes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research use is a core component of evidence-based practice (EBP), contributing to improved patient outcomes; however, we know little about factors influencing research use among dental hygienists. The purpose of this study is to examine whether individual's attitudes and organizational context influence dental hygienists' research use.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey design was used to study research use among a geographically stratified probability sample of 1100 Canadian dental hygienists. A translated French-language version was provided for Francophone dental hygienists. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using SPSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean responses were highest for conceptual research use (RU) (4.1), followed by overall RU (3.7), direct RU (3.3), and persuasive RU (3.3), on a five-point Likert scale. Internal consistency reliability for attitude and context scales was high (Cronbach's alpha 0.86 and 0.83, respectively). Repeated measures t-tests found significant differences between willingness to implement research and frequency of actually implementing research (P < 0.001 for paired comparisons), and ratings of importance of supportive practice characteristics were significantly higher than their actual presence (P < 0.001 for paired comparisons). A multiple linear regression model found the variables attitude, context, and years of practice explained 19.0% of the variation in responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant differences between willingness to implement research and actual implementation, and between perceived importance of supportive practice characteristics and their presence, require exploration of these differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support the importance of the practice context and individual attitudes for research uptake by dental hygienists. Knowledge translation theories can inform further research and contribute greater explanatory power to this preliminary model.
authors.affiliation: Knowledge Utilization Studies Program, Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Dentistry-Pharmacy Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. sandy.cobban@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cobban
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Profetto-McGrath
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003756:Dental Hygienists / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D018865:Dental Research; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D008875:Middle Aged; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000458:organization & administration; D012108:Research Personnel; D013192:Staff Development; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D017132:Workplace; D055815:Young Adult