title: A comparison of conductive textile-based and silver/silver chloride gel electrodes in exercise electrocardiogram recordings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this study was to compare disposable silver/silver chloride and reusable conductive textile-based electrodes in electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring during physical activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The reusable electrodes were produced using thin silver-plated nylon 117/17 2-ply conductive thread (Statex Productions & Vertriebs GmbH, Bremen, Germany) sewed with a sewing machine on a chest belt. The disposable and reusable electrodes were compared in vivo according to ECG signal baseline drift, broadband electrode noise properties, and influence of electrode area to ECG signal morphology and frequency content. Twelve volunteers were included in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Electroconductive textile-based ECG electrodes produce significantly more noise in a very low frequency band (0-0.67 Hz) and not significantly less of broadband noise (0-250 Hz) than disposable silver/silver chloride electrodes. Decreasing area of textile electrodes decreases fidelity of registered ECG signals at low frequencies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Textile electrodes having adequate area can be used in more applications than only R-R interval monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Kaunas University of Technology, Biomedical Engineering Institute, Kaunas, Lithuania. vaimaro@ktu.lt
authors.forename: Vaidotas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marozas
authors.forename: Andrius
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petrenas
authors.forename: Saulius
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Daukantas
authors.forename: Arunas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lukosevicius
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013784:Textiles
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D018030:Silver Compounds; D012834:Silver; C037548:silver chloride