title: Outcomes of congenital heart disease in late preterm infants: double jeopardy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate outcomes of late preterm (34-36 6/7 weeks gestation) infants with congenital heart defects requiring surgical intervention during initial admission (added), in comparison with term (37-42 weeks) controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective chart review of consecutive late preterm and term infants with congenital heart lesions, requiring surgical intervention during initial admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our cohort (n=88) comprised 26 late preterm infants (group 1) and 62 term controls (group 2). The two groups differed significantly in mean (SD) gestation [34.5 (1.5) vs. 39.1 (1) weeks)], birth weight [2335 (402) vs. 3173 (401) g] and weight [2602 (739) vs. 3273 (507) g] and age [33 (51) vs. 11 (14) days] at surgery. Cardiac diagnosis frequencies were similar in both groups. The mean (SD) duration of PGE1 [31.9 (56.8) vs. 11.3 (24.9) days] and need for preoperative pressors (25% vs. 8%) were significantly higher in group 1. Death (23% vs. 8%, p=0.05) tended to be higher in group 1. Rates of necrotizing enterocolitis (23% vs. 1.7%), seizures (19% vs. 0%), oxygen need (12% vs. 0%) and gavage feeds (12% vs. 1.6%) at discharge were all significantly higher in the late preterm cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data highlight the extreme vulnerability of infants with the 'double hits' of prematurity and heart defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Girija
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.forename: Sreedhar R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Anne
authors.forename: Sanjeev
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
mesh_terms: D001724:Birth Weight; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male