title: First trimester maternal serum PAPP-A and free β-HCG levels in hyperemesis gravidarum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) affects first-trimester maternal serum PAPP-A and free β-hCG levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  An observational study was conducted in 115 cases of HG and 110 control pregnancies who attended the first-trimester prenatal screening program between January 2006 and July 2010.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal serum TSH levels were lower and free T4, and transaminases (ALT, AST) levels were higher in pregnancies complicated with HG compared with controls (p < 0.05 for all). In HG cases, median values of maternal serum PAPP-A were significantly higher with respect to normal pregnancies (1.2 vs 1.0 MoM; p = 0.009). Similarly, median values of free β-hCG were 1.3 MoM in HG pregnancies and 1.0 MoM in controls (p = 0.006). Multivariate analysis revealed that PAPP-A and hCG were independently associated with HG after controlling for TSH, free T4, AST, and ALT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HG is associated with elevated levels of PAPP-A and free β-hCG, and such changes are independent of serum indicators of thyroid and liver function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fatih University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. ayseluysal@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Aysel Uysal
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Derbent
authors.forename: Filiz Fatma
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Yanik
authors.forename: Serap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simavli
authors.forename: Latife
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Atasoy
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Urün
authors.forename: Ulkü Esra
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Kuşçu
authors.forename: Nilgün Öztürk
authors.initials: NÖ
authors.lastname: Turhan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006939:Hyperemesis Gravidarum / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First / Q000097:blood*; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000378:metabolism*; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D013972:Thyrotropin; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A; D013974:Thyroxine