title: CREB and the CRTC co-activators: sensors for hormonal and metabolic signals.
abstract: The cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) is phosphorylated in response to a wide variety of signals, yet target gene transcription is only increased in a subset of cases. Recent studies indicate that CREB functions in concert with a family of latent cytoplasmic co-activators called cAMP-regulated transcriptional co-activators (CRTCs), which are activated through dephosphorylation. A dual requirement for CREB phosphorylation and CRTC dephosphorylation is likely to explain how these activator-co-activator cognates discriminate between different stimuli. Following their activation, CREB and CRTCs mediate the effects of fasting and feeding signals on the expression of metabolic programmes in insulin-sensitive tissues.
authors.affiliation: Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA.
authors.forename: Judith Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Altarejos
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montminy
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism; D005943:Gluconeogenesis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D007328:Insulin; D015534:Trans-Activators; D005934:Glucagon; D000242:Cyclic AMP