title: [Ion-sensitive nanoemulsion-in situ gel system for ophthalmic delivery of flurbiprofen axetil].
abstract: The aim of the study is to prepare flurbiprofen axetil nanoemulsion-in situ gel system (FBA/NE-ISG) and observe its ocular pharmacokinetics, rheological behavior, TEM images, irritation and cornea retention. Production of nanoemulsion was based on high-speed shear and homogenization process, and then mixed with gellan gum to prepare FBA/NE-ISG. Rheological study showed that FBA/NE-ISG possesses strong gelation capacity and its viscosity and elastic modulus increases by 2 Pa*s and 5 Pa respectively when mixed with artificial tear at the ratio of 40 : 7. TEM images suggested no significant changes in particle morphology of the pre and post gelation. Good ocular compatibility of FBA/NE-ISG was testified by the irritation test based on histological examination. In vivo fluorescence imaging system was applied to investigate the characteristics of cornea retention, and the results indicated that the nanoemulsion-in situ gel (NE-ISG) prolonged the cornea retention time significantly since K(NE-ISG) (0.008 5 min(-1) was much lower compared with flurbiprofen sodium eye drops (FB-Na, 0.03% w/v) of which the K(Eye drops) was 0.105 2 min(-1), indicated that the cornea retention time of NE-ISG was prolonged significantly. Pharmacokinetics of FBA/NE-ISG in rabbit aqueous humor was studied by cornea puncture, the MRT (12.3 h) and AUC(0-12h) (126.8 microg x min x mL(-1)) of FBA/NE-ISG was 2.7 and 2.9 times higher than that of the flurbiprofen sodium eye drops respectively, which meant that the ocular bioavailability was improved greatly by the novel preparation. Therefore, FBA/NE-ISG can enhance the ocular bioavailability by prolonging drug corneal retention significantly. What's more, encapsulated by emulsion droplets prodrug flurbiprofen (FBA) instead of flurbiprofen (FB) can reduce the ocular irritation.
authors.affiliation: China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Jin-Qiu
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Chun-Liu
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jia-Bi
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001682:Biological Availability; D003315:Cornea / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D004655:Emulsions; D005260:Female; D005480:Flurbiprofen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005782:Gels; D008297:Male; D053758:Nanoparticles; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011817:Rabbits; D012212:Rheology; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004655:Emulsions; D005782:Gels; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D005480:Flurbiprofen; C504422:flurbiprofen axetil