title: Development and validation of a microarray for the confirmation and typing of norovirus RT-PCR products.
abstract: Noroviruses are implicated in many worldwide institutional, food and waterborne outbreaks each year. Genetic typing of isolates is valuable for monitoring outbreak spread as well as variation in circulating strains. Microarrays have the potential to provide rapid genotype information for norovirus samples. The NoroChip v3.0 provides an oligonucleotide hybridization platform to screen for over 600 potential interactions in each experiment. The NoroChip v3.0 was developed at Health Canada and validated in seven international partner laboratories. Each laboratory validated the NoroChip v3.0 using norovirus amplicons routinely characterized in their testing protocols. Fragments from the capsid region (region C) and a 2.4 kb amplicon spanning polymerase and capsid sequences (region AD) were validated in six of the partner laboratories and provided correct genogroup typing information (GI or GII) when hybridized to the NoroChip v3.0. Results indicate that the current limiting factor for implementing the NoroChip v3.0 as a strain typing tool is the difficulty obtaining a long, specific amplicon from all circulating norovirus strains. Data obtained with the longer region AD amplicon provided the best discrimination between norovirus strains.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Microbial Hazards, Health Canada, Ottawa, Canada. Kirsten.Mattison@hc-sc.gc.ca
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mattison
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Corneau
authors.forename: Ingvild
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Duizer
authors.forename: Ion
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Aguirre
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: L'homme
authors.forename: Yalda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lucero
authors.forename: Zhiyao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martyres
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Myrmel
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Ryan
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pagotto
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Sanela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Svraka
authors.forename: Ulises
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Urzua
authors.forename: Sabah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bidawid
mesh_terms: D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D058889:Molecular Typing; D029322:Norovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*