title: Impact of Gluma Desensitizer on the tensile strength of zirconia crowns bonded to dentin: an in vitro study.
abstract: This study tested the impact of Gluma Desensitizer on the tensile strength of zirconia crowns bonded to dentin. Human teeth were prepared and randomly divided into six groups (N = 144, n = 24 per group). For each tooth, a zirconia crown was manufactured. The zirconia crowns were cemented with: (1) Panavia21 (PAN), (2) Panavia21 combined with Gluma Desensitizer (PAN-G), (3) RelyX Unicem (RXU), (4) RelyX Unicem combined with Gluma Desensitizer (RXU-G), (5) G-Cem (GCM) and (6) G-Cem combined with Gluma Desensitizer (GCM-G). The initial tensile strength was measured in half (n = 12) of each group and the other half (n = 12) subjected to a chewing machine (1.2 Mio, 49 N, 5°C/50°C). The cemented crowns were pulled in a Universal Testing Machine (1 mm/min, Zwick Z010) until failure occurred and tensile strength was calculated. Data were analyzed with one-way and two-way ANOVA followed by a post hoc Scheffé test, t test and Kaplan-Meier analysis with a Breslow-Gehan analysis test (α = 0.05). After the chewing simulation, the self-adhesive resin cements combined with Gluma Desensitizer showed significantly higher tensile strength (RXU-G, 12.8 ± 4.3 MPa; GCM-G, 13.4 ± 6.2 MPa) than PAN (7.3 ± 1.7 MPa) and PAN-G (0.9 ± 0.6). Within the groups, PAN, PAN-G and RXU resulted in significantly lower values when compared to the initial tensile strength; the values of all other test groups were stable. In this study, self-adhesive resin cements combined with Gluma Desensitizer reached better long-term stability compared to PAN and PAN-G after chewing simulation.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Fixed and Removable Prosthodontics and Dental Material Science, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland. bogna.stawarczyk@zzm.uzh.ch
authors.forename: Bogna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stawarczyk
authors.forename: Leonie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Rahel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ender
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sailer
authors.forename: Christoph H F
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hämmerle
mesh_terms: D001732:Bite Force; D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods; D003442:Crowns; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013997:Time Factors; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C076805:Clearfil Porcelain Bond; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003738:Dental Cements; D003764:Dental Materials; D057133:Dentin Desensitizing Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C528107:G-Cem resin cement; D008689:Methacrylates; C093719:Panavia TPN-S; D010710:Phosphates; C483701:Rely X Unicem; D019279:Resin Cements; C111486:gluma desensitizer; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide; D005976:Glutaral