title: Nicotine dependence: health consequences, smoking cessation therapies, and pharmacotherapy.
abstract: Nicotine dependence is a significant addiction with many health consequences. Consistent attempts and efforts at addressing this condition, guiding and advising afflicted patients using motivational techniques and the 5-A stepwise strategies, and instituting appropriate therapies will result in better health outcomes and less incidence of diseases. In pharmacotherapy, Nicotine replacement therapy and oral medications can be used alone or in combination with varying degrees of success.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1919 West Taylor Street, Suite 159, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; CampusCare, University of Illinois at Chicago, 820 South Wood Street, W310 CSN, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Electronic address: sgrief@uic.edu.
authors.forename: Samuel N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Grief
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016642:Bupropion / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000068580:Varenicline
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D011810:Quinoxalines; D016642:Bupropion; D009538:Nicotine; D000068580:Varenicline