title: Exosome-loaded dendritic cells elicit tumor-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T cells in patients with glioma.
abstract: In this study, we demonstrate that tumor-derived exosome-loaded dendritic cells can elicit a specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response against autologous tumor cells in patients with malignant glioma. Exosomes were purified by ultrafiltration centrifugation and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. Exosomes had antigen-presenting molecules (MHC-I, HSP70), tumor antigen (MAGE-1) and adherent molecule (ICAM-1). After incubation with exosomes, the dendritic cells (DCs) could activate the T lymphocytes to become glioma-specialized CTL. The CTL had vigorous cytotoxicity to glioma cells as opposed to autologous lymphoblast cells. These data demonstrate that tumor exosome-loaded DC can be an effective tool in inducing glioma-specific CD8(+) CTLs able to kill autologous glioma cells in vitro. In conclusion, exosomes are a natural and new source of tumor-rejection antigens, opening up new avenues for immunization against glioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China. bnbu@163.com
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bu
authors.forename: Haiqin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bingzhong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Guilian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shuqin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhan
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Le
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D002857:Chromium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D055354:Exosomes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D008875:Middle Aged; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D002857:Chromium