title: Secondary metabolites from a marine-derived endophytic fungus Penicillium chrysogenum QEN-24S.
abstract: Penicillium chrysogenum QEN-24S, an endophytic fungus isolated from an unidentified marine red algal species of the genus Laurencia, displayed inhibitory activity against the growth of pathogen Alternaria brassicae in dual culture test. Chemical investigation of this fungal strain resulted in the isolation of four new (1-3 and 5) and one known (4) secondary metabolites. Their structures were identified as two polyketide derivatives penicitides A and B (1 and 2), two glycerol derivatives 2-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)-glycerol (3) and 1-(2,4-dihydroxy-6-methylbenzoyl)- glycerol (4), and one monoterpene derivative penicimonoterpene (5). Penicitides A and B (1 and 2) feature a unique 10-hydroxy- or 7,10-dihydroxy-5,7-dimethylundecyl moiety substituting at C-5 of the α-tetrahydropyrone ring, which is not reported previously among natural products. Compound 5 displayed potent activity against the pathogen A. brassicae, while compound 1 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity against the human hepatocellular liver carcinoma cell line.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanhai Road 7, Qingdao 266071, China. xisea01@126.com
authors.forename: Shu-Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Feng-Yu
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Chun-Shun
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Proksch
authors.forename: Bin-Gui
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000528:Alternaria / Q000187:drug effects; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059001:Aquatic Organisms; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006367:HeLa Cells; D056945:Hep G2 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents