title: Blood protein profiles of infants born before 28 weeks differ by pregnancy complication.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Disorders that lead to preterm delivery influence the fetal inflammatory response.
  
  
  METHODS
  We calculated odds ratios of elevated concentrations of 25 blood proteins on the first postnatal day in 798 infants born before the 28th week and classified by the pregnancy disorder that lead to preterm delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα), cytokine receptors (IL-6R, TNF-R1, TNF-R2), systemic inflammatory proteins (CRP, SAA, MPO), chemokines (IL-8, MCP-1, MCP-4, MIP-1β, RANTES, I-TAC), adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, ICAM-3, VCAM-1, E-selectin), and metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-9) were elevated in children delivered after preterm labor, membrane rupture, abruption, and cervical insufficiency, whereas such a pattern was not seen after preeclampsia or fetal indication/growth restriction. Inflammatory profiles were also associated with maternal vaginitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The patterns of blood proteins in the newborn support the division of pregnancy disorders that lead to preterm delivery into those associated, and those not associated, with inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: McElrath
authors.forename: Raina Nakova
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Fichorova
authors.forename: Elizabeth N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Allred
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: Mahmoud A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Huaiping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leviton
mesh_terms: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood*; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000097:blood*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases