title: Exoproteome of Staphylococcus aureus reveals putative determinants of nasal carriage.
abstract: Due to the increasing prevalence of nosocomial and community-acquired antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus (SA), understanding the determinants of SA nasal carriage has become a major imperative. Previous research has revealed many host and bacterial factors that contribute to SA nasal carriage. To assess bacterial factors that facilitate nasal carriage, we compared the exoproteome of a nasal carrier strain of SA to a genetically similar noncarrier strain. Additionally, the carrier strain biofilm exoproteome was also compared against its planktonic counterpart. Using high throughput proteomics, it was observed that the carrier strain of SA secretes a greater number of proteins that may promote successful colonization of the human nose, including cell attachment and immunoevasive proteins, than the noncarrier strain. Similarly, SA carrier strain biofilm exoproteome contains a greater number of immunoevasive proteins than its planktonic counterpart. Analysis of the most abundant immunoevasive proteins revealed that Staphylococcal protein A was present at significantly higher levels in carrier than in noncarrier strains of SA, suggesting an association with nasal carriage. While further analyses of specific differences between carrier and noncarrier strains of SA are required, many of the differentially expressed proteins identified can be considered to be putative determinants of nasal carriage.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Innate Host Defense, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States.
authors.forename: Gowrishankar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muthukrishnan
authors.forename: Gerry A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: Ryan P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lamers
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Amy L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Sixue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cole
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D018441:Biofilms; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D020543:Proteome