title: Food and drink intake during television viewing in adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare food consumption during television (TV) viewing among adolescents who watched >2 h/d v. ≤2 h/d; and to examine the association between sociodemographic variables (age, gender and socio-economic status (SES)) and the consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks during TV viewing.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data are part of the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) cross-sectional survey. Data on time watching TV, types of foods and drinks consuming during TV viewing and parental SES (parental education, parental occupation and family affluence) were measured by questionnaires completed by adolescents. Binary logistic regression tested the association between energy-dense foods and drinks and (i) sociodemographic variables and (ii) TV time.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ghent (Belgium), Heraklion (Greece), Pecs (Hungary) and Zaragoza (Spain).
  
  
  METHODS
  Girls (n 699) and boys (n 637) aged 12·5-17·5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Boys reported more frequent consumption of beer and soft drinks whereas girls selected more fruit juice, water, herbal infusions and sweets (all P ≤ 0·05). Watching TV for >2 h/d was associated with the consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks. Girls whose mothers achieved the lowest education level had an adjusted OR of 3·22 (95 % CI 1·81, 5·72) for the consumption of energy-dense drinks during TV viewing v. those whose mothers had the highest educational level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Excessive TV watching may favour concurrent consumption of energy-dense snacks and beverages. Adolescents from low-SES families are more likely to consume unhealthy drinks while watching TV.
authors.affiliation: GENUD Research Group, University of Zaragoza, C/Corona de Aragón 42, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. jprey@unizar.es
authors.forename: Juan Pablo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rey-López
authors.forename: German
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vicente-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Répásy
authors.forename: Maria Isabel
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Mesana
authors.forename: Jonatan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Francisco B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kafatos
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Huybrechts
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuenca-García
authors.forename: J Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González-Gross
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sjöström
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Bourdeaudhuij
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D001515:Beer; D001530:Belgium; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013030:Spain; D013690:Television