title: [Improvement of control in subjects with type 2 diabetes after a joint intervention: diabetes education and physical activity].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the improvement of metabolic control and cardiovascular risk factors, adherence, self-monitoring, self-care, attitudes and motivation in subjects with Type 2 Diabetes (DM2) in a specific Health Care Area after group intervention through the community: diabetes education (DE) and physical exercise (PE).
  
  
  METHODS
  A single blind, randomised controlled clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  group 1: DE; group 2: ED and PE; group 3: only PE, and "control" group-4: Individual consultations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban health centre/municipal sports centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  108 DM2, age: 40-70, glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1)c) ≤ 8.5%, blood pressure (BP)<160/90 and body mass index (BMI)<45, excluding those with chronic complications and/or acute decompensation.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 6 months, 8 workshops were held for group education and monitored aerobic physical exercise of moderate intensity (3 hours a week).
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary variable pre- and post- intervention: reduction in HbA(1)c; other variables: examination and analytical data, therapeutic compliance, self-monitoring, self-care, attitudes and motivation (DAS-3SP survey).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After intervention, more diabetics had a lower HbA(1)c following a full intervention: "DE" and "PE", RR: 1.93 (0.85-4.40) and exercise, RR: 1.56 (0.65-3.76). With simultaneous DE and PE, the BMI, RR: 1.61 (0.85-3.03) and LDL cholesterol, RR: 1.82 (0.99-3.36), of many subjects decreased. Dietary compliance, RR: 1.29 (0.32-5.22) and exercise, RR: 1.93 (0.76-4.91) also increased, more patients performing their own checks, RR: 3.86 (0.90-16.55) and improving motivation/attitudes in "strict control management", RR: 1.48 (0.94-2.34). With PE, systolic and diastolic BP decreased in more patients RR: 1.35 (0.72-2.52), 1.87 (0.72-4.84) while in the DE group only diastolic values decreased 1.80 (0.69-4.67).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient conditions improve more with the combination of DE and PE, though the results are not statistically significant, probably due to insufficient sample size.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Isaac Peral, Cartagena, Murcia, España. cheloariza@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Consuelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ariza Copado
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gavara Palomar
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muñoz Ureña
authors.forename: Fuensanta
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aguera Mengual
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soto Martínez
authors.forename: José Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lorca Serralta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D016037:Single-Blind Method