title: Endocrine and metabolic disorders in HTLV-1 infected patients.
abstract: Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection is endemic in Japan and several countries in South America, Caribbean and Africa. Endocrine and metabolic disorders have been variably reported to be associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection. Therefore, the aim of this article was to critically evaluate the current knowledge of the endocrine and metabolic disorders associated with HTLV-1 infection. The literature search used PubMed, Web of Science, and LILACS databases in the past 10 years, utilizing, in various combinations, the following keywords: HTLV-1, adult T-cell leukemia, diabetes mellitus, GLUT-1, osteoporosis, hypercalcemia, autoimmune thyroid disorders, diabetes insipidus, inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion; pseudohypoparathyroidism; pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism. The proven endocrine manifestations of the HTLV-1 infection are calcium disorders which occur in some patients with acute HTLV-1/Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma. The few reports about thyroid, parathyroid, antidiuretic hormone and diabetes mellitus are insufficient to prove a causal association with HTLV-1 infection. The evidence for an association between endocrine disorders and HTLV-1 infection in general, and in asymptomatic patients is lacking. Given all these uncertainties, the endocrine expression of the HTLV-1 infection composes a promising research line for understanding the pathophysiology of this infection.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Universitário Prof. Edgard Santos, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil. cresio.alves@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Cresio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dourado
mesh_terms: D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008659:Metabolic Diseases / Q000821:virology*