title: Vertical transmission of HIV-1 in the western region of the State of São Paulo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to determine the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission in the western region of the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study analyzed the medical records of HIV-1-infected mothers and infant pairs living in the municipalities of São Paulo Regional Health Departments DRS II (Araçatuba) and DRS XI (Presidente Prudente). From March 2001 to March 2006, blood samples were collected and referred to the Molecular Biology Unit of the Adolfo Lutz Institute (ALI), Presidente Prudente. HIV-1-RNA viral load was determined by bDNA assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of births (109/217, 50.2%) and vertical HIV-1 transmissions (6/109, 5.5%) that occurred in DRS II was similar to births (108/217, 49.8%) and vertical transmissions (7/108, 6.5%) in DRS XI (p > 0.05). Although 80% (4/5) of the infected children were male in DRS II, while in DRS XI, 75% (6/8) were female, no differences between sex regarding infected and noninfected children in the regions of Araçatuba and Presidente Prudente were verified. The overall vertical HIV-1 transmission rate was 6%. No consistent reduction in the prevalence of vertical HIV-1 transmission occurred over the years. About 20% of mothers did not know the HIV-1 status of their newborns eight months after delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, MTCT prevalence rates were about 70% higher than those previously determined in the State of São Paulo, with noreduction throughout the period.Furthermore, a significant number of mothers did not know the HIV-status of their newborns eight months after delivery.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Section, Regional Laboratory of Presidente Prudente, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Presidente Prudente, SP.
authors.forename: Vera Lúcia Maria Alves
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Charlene
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Troiani
authors.forename: Armênio Alcântara
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Patrícia Rodrigues Naufal
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Spir
authors.forename: Elza Keiko Kimura
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Gushiken
authors.forename: Renata Bonfim
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Luiz Euribel
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Prestes-Carneiro
mesh_terms: D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral