title: Overexpression of CXCL5 is associated with poor survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.
abstract: Epithelial neutrophil-activating peptide-78 (CXCL5), a member of the CXC chemokine family, has been shown to be involved in angiogenesis, tumor growth, and metastasis. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between CXCL5 expression and tumor progression in human pancreatic cancer and to elucidate the mechanism underlying CXCL5-mediated tumor angiogenesis and cancer growth. We report herein that CXCL5 is overexpressed in human pancreatic cancer compared with paired normal pancreas tissue. Overexpression of CXCL5 is significantly correlated with poorer tumor differentiation, advanced clinical stage, and shorter patient survival. Patients with pancreatic cancer and CXCL5 overexpression who underwent resection of cancer had a mean survival time 25.5 months shorter than that of patients who did not overexpress CXCL5. Blockade of CXCL5 or its receptor CXCR2 by small-interfering RNA knockdown or antibody neutralization attenuated human pancreatic cancer growth in a nude mouse model. Finally, we demonstrated that CXCL5 mediates pancreatic cancer-derived angiogenesis through activation of several signaling pathways, including protein kinase B (Akt), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) in human endothelial cells. These data suggest that CXCL5 is an important mediator of tumor-derived angiogenesis and that it may serve as a survival factor for pancreatic cancer. Blockade of either CXCL5 or CXCR2 may be a critical adjunct antiangiogenic therapy against pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Hirshberg Laboratories for Pancreatic Cancer Research, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-6904, USA.
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Aune
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sugi
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xuyang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Strieter
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Burdick
authors.forename: Vay Liang W
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Reber
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eibl
authors.forename: O Joe
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Hines
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018450:Disease Progression; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000201:enzymology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: C486263:CXCL5 protein, human; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D023063:Receptors, Interleukin-8B; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases