title: Mixing order of glidant and lubricant--influence on powder and tablet properties.
abstract: The main objective of the present work was to study the effect of mixing order of Cab-O-Sil (CS) and magnesium stearate (MgSt) and microlayers during mixing on blend and tablet properties. A first set of pharmaceutical blend containing Avicel PH200, Pharmatose and micronized acetaminophen was prepared with three mixing orders (mixing order-1: CS added first; mixing order-2: MgSt added first; mixing order-3: CS and MgSt added together). All the blends were subjected to a shear rate of 80 rpm and strain of 40, 160 and 640 revolutions in a controlled shear environment resulting in nine different blends. A second set of nine blends was prepared by replacing Avicel PH200 with Avicel PH102. A total of eighteen blends thus prepared were tested for powder hydrophobicity, powder flow, tablet weight, tablet hardness and tablet dissolution. Results indicated that powder hydrophobicity increased significantly for mixing order-1. Intermediate hydrophobic behavior was found for mixing order-3. Additionally, mixing order 1 resulted in improved powder flow properties, low weight variability, higher average tablet weight and slow drug release rates. Dissolution profiles obtained were found to be strongly dependent not only on the mixing order of flowing agents, but also on the strain and the resulting hydrophobicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, 98 Brett Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, United States.
authors.forename: Kalyana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pingali
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mendez
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Michniak-Kohn
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuitino
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Muzzio
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D006244:Hardness; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007785:Lactose / Q000737:chemistry; D054327:Lubricants / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D054327:Lubricants; D011208:Powders; D013229:Stearic Acids; D013607:Tablets; D000082:Acetaminophen; C031183:stearic acid; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D002482:Cellulose; D007785:Lactose; C109691:microcrystalline cellulose