title: Health behaviour and attitude towards screening examinations in an Austrian urban and rural population: gender aspects - screening and sex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both sexes are at different risks for cancers and gender-dependent fears and barriers might influence their attitude towards screening. The aim of the present study was to assess gender issues in demographic variables which could influence the use of screening examinations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A standardized questionnaire was used to assess data of 513 Austrians, with urban and rural location of residence, aged 35-65 years. An elderly age group was additionally assessed in the urban region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women of both age groups showed lower screening rates for bowel cancer. Living in partnership was predictive for breast cancer screening in females, whereas higher educational level was negatively associated with PSA screening in younger men. Additionally, increasing age was associated with less screening for breast and cervix cancer in older women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is evidence for gender-related differences in the attitude towards screening in Austria. Different socio-demographic variables might be responsible.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Gender Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Christian S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Göbl
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ortag
authors.forename: Latife
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smeikal
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dadak
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kautzky-Willer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001317:Austria; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen