title: Vasoactive hemoglobin solution improves survival in hemodilution followed by hemorrhagic shock.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare survival after exchange transfusion followed by hemorrhage using: 1) the vasoactive, oxygen-carrying, bovine hemoglobin-based blood substitute Oxyglobin (Biopure, 12.9 g hemoglobin/dL); and 2) the hydroxyethyl starch plasma expander Hextend (high molecular weight and low degree of substitution, 6%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison between treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Awake hamster chamber window model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty percent blood volume exchange transfusion followed by a 60% hemorrhage over 1 hr, followed by 1 hr of observation. Measurement of blood gases, mean arterial blood pressure, functional capillary density, arteriolar and venular diameter, and Po2 tension distribution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival with Oxyglobin was 100% and only 50% for the Hextend group. Vasoconstriction was evident in the microcirculation. Mean arterial pressure was higher in the Oxyglobin group. Functional capillary density was significantly reduced, although to a lesser extent by Oxyglobin. There was no difference in microvascular Po2 distribution after 1 hr of shock between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher mean arterial pressure during the initial stages of hemorrhage could be due to vasoconstriction in the Oxyglobin group as compared to the Hextend group. It is concluded that the pressor effect due to a vasoactive oxygen carrier may be beneficial in maintaining perfusion in conditions of severe hemodilution followed by hypovolemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Beatriz Y Salazar
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: C Makena
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hightower
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Messmer
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frienesenecker
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corbels
authors.forename: Amy G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Marcos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Intaglietta
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006438:Hemodilution; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D010951:Plasma Exchange; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; C402601:hemoglobin glutamer-200