title: Successful interventional treatment of postoperative bile duct leakage after Billroth II resection by unusual procedure using double balloon enteroscopy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endoscopic treatment of advanced biliary disorders and their complications following surgical procedures is often difficult especially after Billroth II gastric resection. In such cases, endoscopic access to the papilla and neopapilla is often low, and access to the choledocho- or hepaticojejunostomy is often difficult. Thus, percutaneous cholangiodrainage or re-operation is therefore indicated when endoscopic access to the papilla failed. But both of those methods are much more invasive and more likely to be followed by complications than use of a purely endoscopic approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present case report describes endoscopic access to the papilla with both push enteroscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE, push-and-pull enteroscopy) in a female patient after Billroth II resection with bile leakage following cholecystectomy. Successful closure of the bile duct fistula could be achieved via an unusual abdominal-biliary-jejunal cannulation way after several attempts of modern enteroscopy and in this way re-operation was avoided.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modern enteroscopy by experienced investigators using push-and-pull enteroscopes can provide access to the papilla even in complex postoperative anatomic rearrangements. Push-and-pull enteroscopes offer a further option for successful cannulation of the papilla and therapeutic interventions via additional stabilization with balloons and the modern enteroscopic approach by push-and-pull enteroscopy appears to provide more patient comfort, requires less analgo-sedation and examination time and in cases with intra-abdominal drainage this external access may be used as an additional aid for exploration and intervention in complex individual cases with extremely difficult treatable bile duct injuries.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik 1, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany. heinz.albrecht@uk-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Peter Christopher
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Konturek
authors.forename: Hiwot
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Diebel
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: Eckhart Georg
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raithel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002404:Catheterization; D003287:Contrast Media; D058582:Double-Balloon Enteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005763:Gastroenterostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media