title: Environmental fate of phenanthrene in lysimeter planted with wheat and rice in rotation.
abstract: An outdoor lysimeter experiment was conducted to investigate the fate of 14C-labeled phenanthrene in the soil planted with wheat and rice in rotation. Results showed that applied 14C-activity in the soil decreased mainly through gaseous losses; 67.5% of it evaporated as 14CO2. After the rice harvest, the surface soil retained 21.7% of applied 14C-activity, of which 92.4% remained in nonextractable soil residues. The 14C-activities found in deeper layers of the soil column indicated vertical migration of phenanthrene or metabolites. Furthermore, the 14C-activities detected in five organs of mature wheat or rice decreased in the order: roots > leaves > shells>stems > grains. The vertical migration and its accumulation by grains suggest that PAHs in field have adverse effects on the security of groundwater and food.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210046, China.
authors.forename: Wenchao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Yuanyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Lu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jichun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jianguo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Hongyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004777:Environment; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D012275:Oryza / Q000378:metabolism; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006109:Poaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C031181:phenanthrene