title: On the relevance of personal responsibility in priority setting: a cross-sectional survey among Norwegian medical doctors.
abstract: The debate on responsibility for health takes place within political philosophy and in policy setting. It is increasingly relevant in the context of rationing scarce resources as a substantial, and growing, proportion of diseases in high-income countries is attributable to lifestyle. Until now, empirical studies of medical professionals' attitudes towards personal responsibility for health as a component of prioritisation have been lacking. This paper explores to what extent Norwegian physicians find personal responsibility for health relevant in prioritisation and what type of risk behaviour they consider relevant in such decisions. The proportion who agree that it should count varies from 17.1% ('Healthcare priority should depend on the patient's responsibility for the disease') to 26.9% ('Access to scarce organ transplants should depend on the patient's responsibility for the disease'). Higher age and being male is positively correlated with acceptance. The doctors are more willing to consider substance use in priority setting decisions than choices on food and exercise. The findings reveal that a sizeable proportion have beliefs that conflict with the norms stated in the Norwegian Patient Act. It may be possible that the implementation of legal regulations can be hindered by the opposing attitudes among doctors. A further debate on the role personal responsibility should play in priority setting seems warranted. However, given the deep controversies about the concept of health responsibility and its application, it would be wise to proceed with caution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nationally representative cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Panel-data.
  
  
  METHODS
  1072 respondents, response rate 65%.
authors.affiliation: Harvard University Program in Ethics and Health, Harvard Medical School, 641 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA. berit_bringedal@hms.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bringedal
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Feiring
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D015276:Health Care Rationing / Q000941:ethics*; D006292:Health Priorities / Q000941:ethics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology*