title: The effects of dopaminergic drugs in the dorsal hippocampus of mice in the nicotine-induced anxiogenic-like response.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nicotine, an active alkaloid of tobacco has an acetylcholine property that alters anxiety-like behaviors in rodents. Moreover, several investigations suggest that the mesolimbic/cortical dopamine systems to be involved in the drugs affecting anxiety. The dopaminergic modulation of acetylcholine synaptic transmission has also been also suggested by different studies. Furthermore, modulation of such behaviors in rodents may be mediated through the dorsal hippocampus.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, a possible role of the dorsal hippocampal acetylcholine receptor mechanism in nicotine's influence on anxiogenic-like responses has been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  During test sessions, the hole-board was used to investigate the effects of SCH23390, sulpiride, SKF38393 and quipirole on nicotine response in mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of nicotine (0.5 mg/kg) decreased the number of head dips but had no effect on other behaviors. Intra-dorsal hippocampal injections of ineffective doses of SCH23390 (SCH; 0.125 and 0.25 μg/mouse) or sulpiride (SUL; 0.5 and 0.75 μg/mouse) reversed head dips induced by nicotine but did not impact other exploratory behaviors. Furthermore, co-administration of ineffective doses of SKF38393 (SKF; 4 μg/mouse, dorsal hippocampus) or quipirole (QUI; 0.5 μg/mouse) in conjunction with an ineffective dose of nicotine (0.25 mg/kg, i.p.) decreased head dips induced by nicotine, but were otherwise ineffective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results may indicate a modulatory effect for the dorsal hippocampus dopamine receptors (D₁ and D₂) on an anxiogenic-like response induced by nicotine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar Branch, Semnan, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nasehi
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mafi
authors.forename: Shahrbanoo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oryan
authors.forename: Sima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nasri
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zarrindast
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009538:Nicotine / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D015259:Dopamine Agents; C534628:SCH 23390; D009538:Nicotine