title: Isolated skin recurrence following salvage mastectomy for intramammary recurrence (after initial breast conservation therapy): is it a fatal event?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors analyzed the outcome of patients with Isolated Skin Recurrence After Salvage Mastectomy (ISRASM) performed after conservative treatment for breast carcinoma, taking into account initial tumor characteristics, intramammary recurrence (first recurrence) characteristics, local skin recurrence (second recurrence) characteristics, and the type of treatment at each stage of the breast cancer continuum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two patients who had ISRASM between 1976 and 2007 were included in this retrospective study. Twenty-six factors were studied in univariate and multivariate analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean Overall Survival (OS) was 70.3 (±4.1) months. The 5-year OS rate was 66.6%. 31% of patients did not present any recurrence, 52% had locoregional recurrence and 14% metastatic recurrence following ISRASM. Univariate analysis showed that 4 prognostic factors were significantly related to OS and/or Disease-Free Survival (DFS): (1) initial chemotherapy after primary breast cancer (P = 0.09 and 0.01 respectively), (2) presence of emboli at the site of intramammary recurrence (first recurrence) (P = 0.02 and 0.03), (3) interval between first and second surgery of less than 3 years (P = 0.09 and 0.0003), and (4) inflammatory skin involvement at ISRASM (P = 0.005 and 0.17). Multivariate analysis showed that presence of emboli at the site of intramammary recurrence was significantly related to OS and that an interval between first and second recurrence of less than 3 years was significantly related to DFS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that ISRASM affects a group of breast cancer patients with predominantly local rather than metastatic disease. Prognostic factors depend on characteristics at initial breast cancer, first recurrence and second recurrence. Evidence-based guidelines are still required for ISRASM management.
authors.affiliation: Regional Mastology Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, Eugène Marquis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Avenue de la Bataille Flandres Dunkerque CS 44 229, F-35 042 Rennes Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Manon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raimbault
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lavoué
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morcel
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ninet
authors.forename: Habiba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mesbah
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Porée
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Descamps
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Body
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levêque
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002423:Cause of Death; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome