title: Visualization of endolymphatic hydrops after administration of a standard dose of an intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agent.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  Even after the administration of a standard dose of an intravenous gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA), visualization of endolymphatic hydrops (ELH) became possible in patients with Meniere's disease. The next step would be to consistently visualize ELH in the upper part of the cochlea.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To visualize ELH after routine administration of an intravenous GBCA.
  
  
  METHODS
  An intravenous GBCA (gadodiamide; 0.2 ml/kg) was administered to three patients with unilateral Meniere's disease and two healthy volunteers. Three-dimensional fluid attenuated inversion recovery (3D-FLAIR) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed with a 3 T MRI scanner 4 h later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all three patients, ELH was observed in the affected vestibules. In contrast, the endolymphatic space of both vestibules was the same size in healthy volunteers. ELH of the cochlea was not observed in any of the subjects. Gadolinium enhancement was insufficient in the upper turns of both cochleae in patients 1 and 3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Aichi Medical University, Japan. tanigawa@aichi-med-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanigawa
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamamuro
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nonoyama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiga
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018159:Endolymphatic Hydrops / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004712:Endolymphatic Sac / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005990:Glycerol; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008575:Meniere Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005990:Glycerol