title: [The influence of different diagnostic criteria and the culture on the prevalence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prevalence of attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using different diagnostic criteria (DSM-IV-TR versus ICD-10) and two specific scales based on DSM IV (ADHD-IV Rating Scales and SNAP-IV p90) in school-age children (6-12 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  . A population-based study applying stratified multistage sample design (by courses), proportional to the type of school (public, private and enterd) and demographic areas (rural, city). From a target population of approximately 30 000 subjects a sample of 1509 children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rates of ADHD were within the expected range: 3.6% (95% CI = 2.6-4.6%) using DSM-IV criteria, 1.2% (95% CI = 0.6-1.8%) using the ICD-10, 4.6% (95% CI = 3.5-5.7%) using ADHD Rating Scales-IV with a cut-off of 90 percentile 4.11% (95% CI = 3.2-5.1%) using the scale SNAP-IV. However, we found some differences in reference to gender and subtype according to the criteria and instrument used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose to use standard scales, scale by age, sex and evaluator that includes maturation and sociocultural factors help us draw conclusions about the true prevalence of ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Neurociencias/IUNICS, Hospital Son Llàtzer, Ctra. Manacor km 4, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ecardojalon@gmail.com
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cardo
authors.forename: Mateu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Servera
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vidal
authors.forename: Begoña
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Azua
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Redondo
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Riutort
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D003469:Culture; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012424:Rural Population; D012574:Schools; D014505:Urban Population