title: Lymphoid tissue collagen deposition in HIV-infected patients correlates with the imbalance between matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors.
abstract: We studied the lymphoid tissue biopsies of 20 patients with chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection by analyzing collagen deposition, CD4+ cell number, and gene expression of metalloproteinases (MMPs; MMP-2, MMP-9) and tissue inhibitors of MMPs (TIMPs; TIMP-1, TIMP-2). HIV-infected patients had significantly increased collagen deposition (P = .001), fewer CD4+ T cells (P = .05), and decreased MMP-9/TIMP-1 and MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratios (P = .01), compared with HIV-negative control patients. Moreover, we found a significant negative correlation between collagen deposition and the MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratio (ρ = -0.50; P = .047). To our knowledge, this is the first time that MMP/TIMP imbalance has been correlated with lymphoid tissue collagen deposition and incomplete immune recovery in HIV-infected patients, even after long-term antiretroviral treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mozos
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: Agathe
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Plana
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gallart
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gatell
authors.forename: Llúcia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alós
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014066:Palatine Tonsil / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012044:Regression Analysis; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D003094:Collagen; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9