title: [Transurethral ureteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of hemospermia].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the clinical application value of transurethral ureteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of hemospermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We summed up and analyzed the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of 43 hemospermia patients by transurethral ureteroscopy and douching therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The disease causes were clearly determined and the therapeutic procedures successfully accomplished in all the cases. The mean surgical time was 20 (18 -45) minutes. No significant complications developed either intraoperatively or postoperatively. The patients were followed up for 1 -24 months, during which hemospermia symptoms completely disappeared in 35 and were relieved in 6 of the cases, but the other 2 remained unimproved. All the patients had normal sexual life and none experienced retroinfection postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transurethral ureteroscopy, advantageous for its safety, high rate of detection, good effect of treatment and fewer complications, deserves to be popularized in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of hemospermia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai 200003, China.
authors.forename: Feng-Wen
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Che
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Dan-Feng
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051516:Hemospermia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000379:methods*