title: Signaling mechanism of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) in inflammatory diseases.
abstract: Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, attaching the ADP-ribose polymer chain to the receptor protein, is a unique posttranslational modification. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) is a well-characterized member of the PARP family. In this review, we provide a general update on molecular structure and structure-based activity of this enzyme. However, we mainly focus on the roles of PARP-1 in inflammatory diseases. Specifically, we discuss the signaling pathway context that PARP-1 is involved in to regulate the pathogenesis of inflammation. PARP-1 facilitates diverse inflammatory responses by promoting inflammation-relevant gene expression, such as cytokines, oxidation-reduction-related enzymes, and adhesion molecules. Excessive activation of PARP-1 induces mitochondria-associated cell death in injured tissues and constitutes another mechanism for exacerbating inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1070, USA. baxq755@nenu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Xueqing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ba
authors.forename: Nisha Jain
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Garg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases