title: The deep neck flexor endurance test: normative data scores in healthy adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate (1) the average hold time for the deep neck flexors (DNF) endurance test in subjects without neck pain or pathology, and (2) whether different groups of subjects categorized by age, gender, and lifestyle display different hold times.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normative research.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 126 adults participated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intertester reliability of 4 therapists was evaluated by using intraclass correlation coefficients. The DNF endurance test hold time was conducted on each subject twice. The 2 hold-time scores were averaged and recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inter-rater reliability coefficient of reproducibility for DNF muscle endurance measured by 4 physical therapists was ICC (2,k) 0.66 (confidence interval, 0.34-0.86). The mean (SD) DNF endurance hold times for men was 38.9 ± 20.1 seconds, whereas women was 29.4 ± 13.7 seconds. Results of the 2 x 2 analysis of variance indicated that gender significantly influenced DNF endurance (F = 8.643; P = .004), whereas, the activity level did not (F = 3.143; P = .079). Correlations were not significant between age and DNF endurance (r = 0.11; P = .2) and between activity level and DNF endurance (r = -0.156; P = .08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Asymptomatic men displayed greater DNF endurance than women. The variability between subjects' DNF endurance capabilities was high. Age between 20 and 80 years and activity level did not affect DNF endurance. This is the first normative data set available for the DNF endurance test, which lays the foundation for further research in subjects with a history of cervicalgia and assists clinicians to objectify a milestone for DNF endurance deficits in patients.
authors.affiliation: Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, SOAHS, 800 West 4th St, Suite 2C60, Odessa, TX 79763, USA. manuel.domenech@ttuhsc.edu
authors.forename: Manuel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Domenech
authors.forename: Phil S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sizer
authors.forename: Gregory S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dedrick
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: McGalliard
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brismee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018763:Muscle Fatigue; D009333:Neck / Q000502:physiology; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D055815:Young Adult