title: Tinzaparin reduces health care resource use for anticoagulation in hemodialysis.
abstract: Anticoagulation is required during hemodialysis to prevent thrombus formation within the extracorporeal circuit. The low-molecular-weight heparin tinzaparin is more expensive than unfractionated heparin (UFH) in Canada but more convenient to administer. We conducted a time-and-motion study to test the hypothesis that tinzaparin may reduce nursing time and total health care costs compared with UFH. Data on health care resource use associated with anticoagulation during hemodialysis for chronic renal failure were collected at an academic hospital in Quebec. Nursing time was recorded for 8 nurses performing 16 dialysis sessions for 4 patients receiving tinzaparin and 4 receiving UFH (2 dialysis sessions per patient). Nurses had ≥ 1 year of experience supervising hemodialysis. We estimated total annual costs of nursing time and health care resources (anticoagulants, medical supplies, and laboratory testing) associated with anticoagulation. In sensitivity analyses, drug costs were varied ± 30% of their base-case values. Estimated annual nursing times per patient were 0.8 vs. 11.5 hours in the first year and 0.6 vs. 10.2 hours in subsequent years for tinzaparin vs. UFH, respectively. Annual drug costs per patient were CAD 898.56 for tinzaparin and 546.75 for UFH. Estimated total annual costs were CAD 1061.03 vs. 1012.71 in the first year and CAD 917.75 vs. 895.23 in subsequent years for tinzaparin vs. UFH, respectively. Use of tinzaparin was cost saving relative to UFH if tinzaparin price was reduced 30%. Most of the price differential between tinzaparin and UFH is offset by substantial time savings to nephrology nurses.
authors.affiliation: Symbiose Partenariat Stratégique Inc., Montreal, Quebec, Canada. mleblanc.hmr@ssss.gouv.qc.ca
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pettigrew
authors.forename: George I M
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Soltys
authors.forename: Robert Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: Joanne R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Senecal
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leblanc
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004471:Economics, Nursing; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics*; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D009729:Nursing / Q000379:methods; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics* / Q000451:nursing*; D000078222:Tinzaparin
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D000078222:Tinzaparin; D006493:Heparin