title: Differential 3-year effects of first- versus second-generation antipsychotics on subjective well-being in schizophrenia using marginal structural models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the differential effects of first- (FGAs) versus second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) on subjective well-being in patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in an observational 3-year follow-up study of 2224 patients with schizophrenia. Subjective well-being was assessed with the Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptic Treatment Scale (SWN-K). Differential effects of FGAs versus SGAs were analyzed using marginal structural models in those patients taking antipsychotic monotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The marginal structural model, which analyzed the differential effect on the SWN-K total score, revealed that patients on SGAs had significantly higher SWN-K total scores, starting at 6 months (3.02 points; P = 0.0061, d = 0.20) and remaining significant thereafter (end point: 5.35 points; P = 0.0074, d = 0.36).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of this large observational study are consistent with a small but clinically relevant superiority of SGAs over FGAs in subjective well-being extending previous positive findings of differential effects on quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Psychosis Centre, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Centre for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany. lambert@uke.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Benno G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Schimmelmann
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schacht
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Josep Maria
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Haro
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Novick
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Wehmeier
authors.forename: Christian G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Hans-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Hundemer
authors.forename: Ralf W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Dittmann
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Naber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents