title: Evaluation of semi-quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters for prostate cancer in correlation to whole-mount histopathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of semi-quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) parameters for the detection of prostatic carcinoma in correlation to whole-mount histopathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three patients with biopsy-proven prostate cancer were examined by DCE-MRI at 1.5-T. Cancerous and benign prostatic tissue regions of interest were delineated based on the histopathology of whole-mount sections and several semi-quantitative parameters were calculated: time to peak (TTP), maximal contrast enhancement (Cpeak), speed of contrast uptake (Wash-in) and clearance rate of the contrast agent (Wash-out). The area under the ROC curve was determined for each parameter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within individual patients, a consistently higher Cpeak and faster Wash-in were present in cancerous compared to benign prostatic tissue. Both the TTP and the Wash-out occurred more rapidly in tumour tissue than in normal prostatic tissue. Despite a considerable inter-patient overlap of parameter values between tumour and normal prostatic tissue, area under the ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the Wash-in was a good discriminator for cancer and benign tissue (AUC 0.82). Combination of the Wash-in and the Wash-out proved to be even more accurate (AUC 0.87) to discriminate between cancerous and benign prostatic regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Wash-in is a useful parameter for prostate cancer detection by DCE-MRI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospitals Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Sofie.Isebaert@med.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: Sofie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isebaert
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Keyzer
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haustermans
authors.forename: Evelyne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lerut
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Roskams
authors.forename: Ilse
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Roebben
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Poppel
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Joniau
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oyen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001706:Biopsy; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D016015:Logistic Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012372:ROC Curve; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA