title: Transcriptional responses of winter barley to cold indicate nucleosome remodelling as a specific feature of crown tissues.
abstract: We report a series of microarray-based comparisons of gene expression in the leaf and crown of the winter barley cultivar Luxor, following the exposure of young plants to various periods of low (above and below zero) temperatures. A transcriptomic analysis identified genes which were either expressed in both the leaf and crown, or specifically in one or the other. Among the former were genes responsible for calcium and abscisic acid signalling, polyamine synthesis, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and dehydrins. In the crown, the key organ for cereal overwintering, cold treatment induced transient changes in the transcription of nucleosome assembly genes, and especially H2A and HTA11, which have been implicated in cold sensing in Arabidopsis thaliana. In the leaf, various heat-shock proteins were induced. Differences in expression pattern between the crown and leaf were frequent for genes involved in certain pathways responsible for osmolyte production (sucrose and starch, raffinose, γ-aminobutyric acid metabolism), sugar signalling (trehalose metabolism) and secondary metabolism (lignin synthesis). The action of proteins with antifreeze activity, which were markedly induced during hardening, was demonstrated by a depression in the ice nucleation temperature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Crop Research Institute, v.v.i., Drnovská 507, 161 06, Prague 6, Czech Republic. janska@vurv.cz.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janská
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aprile
authors.forename: Jiří
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zámečník
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cattivelli
authors.forename: Jaroslava
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ovesná
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization / Q000235:genetics*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D003080:Cold Temperature; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006657:Histones / Q000235:genetics; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008031:Lignin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012621:Seasons; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D008031:Lignin