title: Piezoelectric driven non-toxic injector for automated cell manipulation.
abstract: Stimulated by state-of-the-art robotic and computer technology, Intra Cytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI) automation aims to scale and seamlessly transfer the human hand movements into more precise and fast movements of the micro manipulator. Piezo-drill cell injection, a novel technique using piezo-driven pipettes with a very small mercury column, has significantly improves the survival rates of ICSI process. It is found that complications are due, in large part, to toxicity of mercury and the damage to the cell membrane because of the lateral tip oscillations of injector pipette. In this paper, a new design of piezo-driven cell injector is proposed for automated suspended cell injection. This new piezo-driven cell injector design centralizes the piezo oscillation power on the injector pipette which eliminates the vibration effect on other parts of the micromanipulator. Detrimental lateral tip oscillations of the injector pipette are attenuated to a desirable level even without the help of mercury column. This mercury-free injector can sublime the piezoelectric driven injection technique to completely non-toxic level with great research and commercial application in gene injection, in-vitro fertilization, ICSI and drug development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. hbhuang@mie.utoronto.ca
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D055617:Micro-Electrical-Mechanical Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008845:Microinjections / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation*