title: Comparison of anti-edema effects of iloprost and diclofenac sodium on traumatic rat paw edema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the anti-edema effects of a stable prostacyclin analogue, iloprost, with parenteral and local forms of a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, diclofenac sodium, on traumatic soft tissue edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two adult male rats were randomly divided into 4 equal groups. Traumatic edema in one paw of each rat was produced by established protocol. Different drugs were then administered to each group: intraperitoneal (i.p.) saline (group 1, control group), topical diclofenac gel (group 2), i.p. diclofenac sodium (group 3), and i.p. iloprost (group 4). The volume of the paws was measured at baseline (before trauma) and at 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 8 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours after trauma. The anti-edema effects of these 3 drugs (diclofenac gel, diclofenac sodium i.p., iloprost i.p.) were compared to each other and to the control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The greatest increase in paw edema in the first, second and fourth hours was seen in the control and iloprost groups. At the 4-hour measurement, edema levels were all equal except control group. Following 4- and 8-hour measurements, edema began to decrease in all groups. After 8 and 24 hours, the fastest decrease in edema was in iloprost group, with complete resolution of edema by 72 hours. The next fastest decrease in paw volume was seen with i.p. diclofenac sodium, followed by diclofenac gel.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Iloprost has experimentally higher anti-edema effect than diclofenac sodium for the conservative treatment of the traumatic soft tissue edema.
authors.affiliation: GATA, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uslu
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kılınçoğlu
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toker
authors.forename: Ali Murat
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kalender
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doğan
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sebik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004487:Edema / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005782:Gels; D016285:Iloprost / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008297:Male; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010991:Plethysmography; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005782:Gels; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D004008:Diclofenac; D016285:Iloprost