title: Influences of menstrual cycle position and sex hormone levels on spontaneous intrusive recollections following emotional stimuli.
abstract: Spontaneous intrusive recollections (SIRs) are known to follow emotional events in clinical and non-clinical populations. Previous work in our lab has found that women report more SIRs than men after exposure to emotional films, and that this effect is driven entirely by women in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. To replicate and extend this finding, participants viewed emotional films, provided saliva samples for sex hormone concentration analysis, and estimated SIR frequency following film viewing. Women in the luteal phase reported significantly more SIRs than did women in the follicular phase, and SIR frequency significantly correlated with salivary progesterone levels. The results are consistent with an emerging pattern in the literature suggesting that menstrual cycle position of female participants can potently influence findings in numerous cognitive domains. The potential implications of these results for disorders characterized by intrusions, such as post-traumatic stress disorder, are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. nferree@uci.edu
authors.forename: Nikole K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Ferree
authors.forename: Rujvi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kamat
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cahill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol