title: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistant pathogens from blood cultures from Canadian hospitals: results of the CANWARD 2007-2009 study.
abstract: This study assessed the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of pathogens associated with bloodstream infections in Canadian hospitals between 2007 and 2009. Tertiary-care medical centers representing 8 of 10 Canadian provinces submitted bloodstream infection pathogens from patients attending hospital clinics, emergency rooms, medical/surgical wards, and intensive care units. Over 8,000 blood culture pathogens were collected. The 10 most common pathogens (representing 80.9% of all isolates) were Escherichia coli (1856 [22.6%]), Staphylococcus aureus (1457 [17.7%] including 1101 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and 356 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), coagulase-negative staphylococci (907 [11.0%]), Klebsiella pneumoniae (600 [7.3%]), Streptococcus pneumoniae (470 [5.7%]), Enterococcus faecalis (360 [4.4%]), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (333 [4.0%]), viridans group streptococci (321 [3.9%]), Enterobacter cloacae (193 [2.3%]), and Streptococcus pyogenes (159 [1.9%]). The most active agents against Gram-negative bacilli were carbapenems (e.g., meropenem and ertapenem) and piperacillin-tazobactam, while for Gram-positive cocci, they were vancomycin, linezolid, and daptomycin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Health Sciences Centre/Diagnostic Services of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3A 1R9, Canada. hadam@hsc.mb.ca
authors.forename: Heather J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeCorby
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rennie
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Karlowsky
authors.forename: Daryl J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoban
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Zhanel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology*; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D015780:Carbapenems / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077725:Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015780:Carbapenems; D000077725:Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; D010878:Piperacillin