title: Gene expression profile of dental pulp cells during differentiation into an adipocyte lineage.
abstract: Gene regulation during in vitro differentiation into adipocytes was examined in rat dental pulp-derived cells. Insulin, 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, and dexamethasone were added to induce adipogenesis. Cells containing lipid droplets were observed after induction as in 3T3 L1 cells. Rat dental pulp-derived cells showed their potential to differentiate into adipocytes in vitro. In both types of cells, the pluripotent markers Oct-3/4 and Sox2 were downregulated during differentiation, whereas the expression of Nanog was not significantly changed during differentiation. Interestingly, in the dental pulp-derived cells, the level of Oct-3/4 was transiently induced at 1 week after induction and then significantly decreased during differentiation. Based on the expression profiles determined using GeneChip Arrays, 3418 probes across 10 clusters showed a difference in expression at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after induction versus before induction. Notably, genes in the PPAR signaling pathway including Pparγ, Fabp4, and the C/EBP family were upregulated by more than 3-fold. Upregulation of the PPAR pathways seems to be a critical signal transduction pathway in this differentiation system. These findings indicate that dental pulp-derived cells are a potential source of adipogenic cells, and their gene expression profile could be useful in future regenerative medicine applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. nozaki@cc.osaka-dent.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tadashige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohura
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; D047495:PPAR gamma