title: Anti-ulcer constituents of Annona squamosa twigs.
abstract: Phytochemical investigation of Annona squamosa twigs, resulted in isolation and identification of twelve known (1-12) compounds among them one 1-(4-β-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl)-2-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-ethane (11) is synthetically known but first time isolated from natural sources. Their structures were elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds (2-8, 11) were evaluated for H(+) K(+)-ATPase activity. Three of these compounds (+)-O-methylarmepavine (2), N-methylcorydaldine (3), isocorydine (6) showed promising anti-secretory activity. Activity of these compounds, comparable to the standard drug omeprazole is novel to our finding. Moreover, there is no information accessible regarding the pharmacological effect of A. squamosa on the gastrointestinal system. This study is the first of its kind to show the significant anti-ulcer effect of A. squamosa. The present study aimed to evaluate the gastroprotective effect of A. squamosa (AS) and to identify its active constituents. Anti-ulcer activity was evaluated against cold restraint (CRU), pyloric ligation (PL), aspirin (ASP), alcohol (AL) induced gastric ulcer and histamine (HA) induced duodenal ulcer model and further confirmed through in vitro assay of H(+) K(+)-ATPase activity and plasma gastrin level. AS and its chloroform and hexane fraction attenuated ulcer formation in CRU, PL, HA model and displayed anti-secretory activity in vivo through reduced free, total acidity and pepsin in PL, confirmed by in vitro inhibition of H(+) K(+)-ATPase activity with corresponding decrease in plasma gastrin level. Cytoprotection of AS was apparent with protection in AL, ASP models and enhanced mucin level in PL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicinal and Process Chemistry, Central Drug Research Institute, CSIR, Lucknow 226001, India.
authors.forename: Dinesh K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Yadav
authors.forename: Neetu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Kapil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dev
authors.forename: Rolee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Mahendra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahai
authors.forename: Gautam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palit
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maurya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001060:Aporphines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced; D000431:Ethanol; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000737:chemistry; D005755:Gastrins / Q000097:blood; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D017506:H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D006632:Histamine; D008026:Ligation; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological
chemical_list: C560658:1-(4-beta-D-glucopyranosyloxyphenyl)-2-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-ethane; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D001060:Aporphines; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D004187:Disaccharides; D005755:Gastrins; C560484:N-methylcorydaldine; C560483:O-methylarmepavine; D010936:Plant Extracts; C030168:isocorydine; D000431:Ethanol; D006632:Histamine; D017506:H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase; D015232:Dinoprostone; D009853:Omeprazole; D001241:Aspirin