title: A mathematical model of spontaneous calcium release in cardiac myocytes.
abstract: In cardiac myocytes, calcium (Ca) can be released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum independently of Ca influx from voltage-dependent membrane channels. This efflux of Ca, referred to as spontaneous Ca release (SCR), is due to Ryanodine receptor fluctuations, which can induce spontaneous Ca sparks, which propagate to form Ca waves. This release of Ca can then induce delayed after-depolarizations (DADs), which can lead to arrhythmogenic-triggered activity in the heart. However, despite its importance, to date there is no mathematical model of SCR that accounts for experimentally observed features of subcellular Ca. In this article, we present an experimentally based model of SCR that reproduces the timing distribution of spontaneous Ca sparks and key features of the propagation of Ca waves emanating from these spontaneous sparks. We have coupled this model to an ionic model for the rabbit ventricular action potential to simulate SCR within several thousand cells in cardiac tissue. We implement this model to study the formation of an ectopic beat on a cable of cells that exhibit SCR-induced DADs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Northridge, California, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aistrup
authors.forename: J Andrew
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wasserstrom
authors.forename: Yohannes
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shiferaw
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D002118:Calcium