title: Cell death assays for drug discovery.
abstract: Cell death has an important role in many human diseases, and strategies aimed at modulating the associated pathways have been successfully applied to treat various disorders. Indeed, several clinically promising cytotoxic and cytoprotective agents with potential applications in cancer, ischaemic and neurodegenerative diseases have recently been identified by high-throughput screening (HTS), based on appropriate cell death assays. Given that different cell death modalities may be dysregulated in different diseases, it is becoming increasingly clear that such assays need to not only quantify the extent of cell death, but they must also be able to distinguish between the various pathways. Here, we systematically describe approaches to accurately quantify distinct cell death pathways, discuss their advantages and pitfalls, and focus on those techniques that are amenable to HTS.
authors.affiliation: INSERM, U848, F-94805 Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kepp
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Galluzzi
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipinski
authors.forename: Junying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kroemer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001343:Autophagy; D001681:Biological Assay; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D002474:Cell-Free System; D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004396:Coloring Agents; D055808:Drug Discovery / Q000379:methods*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D042541:Intracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology; D009336:Necrosis / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents