title: The history and evolution of sutures in pelvic surgery.
abstract: The purpose of the study is to review the history and innovations of sutures used in pelvic surgery. Based on a review of the literature using electronic- and hand-searched databases we identified appropriate articles and gynaecology surgical textbooks regarding suture for wound closure. The first documented uses of suture are explored and then the article focuses on the use of knotted materials in pelvic surgery. The development of suture of natural materials is followed chronologically until the present time where synthetic suture is implanted during countless surgeries every day. This millennial history of suture contains an appreciation of the early work of Susruta, Celsus, Paré and Lister, including a survey of some significant developments of suture methods over the last 100 years. Most surgeons know little about the history and science of sutures. A retrospective view of suture is critical to the appreciation of the current work and development of this common tool.
authors.affiliation: Center of Urogynecology and Pelvic Floor Disorders, Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women's Health Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. mufflyt@ccf.org
authors.forename: Tyler M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Muffly
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Tizzano
authors.forename: Mark D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Walters
mesh_terms: D049668:History, 15th Century; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D010388:Pelvis / Q000601:surgery*; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000266:history* / Q000295:instrumentation; D013537:Sutures / Q000266:history*