title: Simulation of vaginal wall biomechanical properties from pelvic floor closure forces map.
abstract: We simulated the way that pelvic floor muscles (PFM) generate zonal compression on the vagina and urethra in order to maintain urinary continence. Raw data were obtained using a probe to map the distribution of vaginal closure forces. Simulation model was made using ordinary Spring-mass model. The biomechanical properties are applied to the spring of the model. We simulated four models that are applied to asymptomatic subjects as controls and patients based on information obtained from the measured force maps using a vaginal probe. PFM values are measured when subjects are relaxed and during voluntary PFM contraction. Results show that simulation clearly distinguished between controls and patents and demonstrates that in the controls, after a period of 0.075 sec from the time when the rest force was added, the model was deformed to a neutral shape, and after another period of 0.075 sec from the time when the contract force was added at intervals of 0.001 sec, the closure force reaches maximum. The results render the simulation of the vaginal wall deformations that was obtained directly by the force maps. It shows that in controls the wall model is significantly deformed compared to that from the patient's model. In this research we simulated the response of the vaginal walls using spring mass model and the force maps of vaginal closure forces applied to control subjects and patients. The process of deformation of the vaginal wall is thus visualized demonstrating the relative pathologic differences between the two groups.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Information Technology Lab, University of Aizu, Japan. d8081102@u-aizu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Daming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Omata
authors.forename: Christos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Constantinou
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D055119:Elastic Modulus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000503:physiopathology*