title: Longitudinal association of maternal attempt to lose weight during the postpartum period and child obesity at age 3 years.
abstract: The effect of maternal attempt to lose weight during the postpartum period on later child weight has not been explored. Among 1,044 mother-infant pairs in Project Viva, we estimated longitudinal associations of maternal attempt to lose weight during the postpartum period with child weight and adiposity at age 3 years and examined differences in associations by type of weight loss strategy used. Using covariate-adjusted linear and logistic regression models, we estimated associations before and after adjusting for maternal weight-related variables including prepregnancy BMI. At 6 months postpartum, 53% mothers were trying to lose weight. At age 3 years, mean (s.d.) child BMI z-score was 0.44 (1.01) and 8.9% of children were obese. Children whose mothers were trying to lose weight at 6 months postpartum had higher BMI z-scores (0.30 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18, 0.42)) and were more likely to be obese (3.0 (95% CI 1.6, 5.8)) at 3 years of age. Addition of maternal prepregnancy BMI to the models attenuated but did not eliminate the associations seen for BMI z-score (0.24 (95% CI 0.12, 0.36) and obesity (2.4 (95% CI 1.2, 4.7)). Attempting to lose weight by exercising alone was the only weight loss strategy that consistently predicted higher child BMI z-score (0.36 (95% CI 0.14, 0.58)) and odds of obesity (6.0 (95% CI 2.2, 16.5)) at age 3 years. In conclusion, we observed an association between maternal attempt to lose weight at 6 months postpartum, particularly through exercise alone, measured using a single item and child adiposity at age 3 years. This association should be thoroughly examined in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Adolescent Medicine, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. kendrin.sonneville@childrens.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Kendrin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Sonneville
authors.forename: Sheryl L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rifas-Shiman
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oken
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gortmaker
authors.forename: Matthew W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Gillman
authors.forename: Elsie M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Taveras
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D049590:Postpartum Period; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015431:Weight Loss