title: Study of a high-resolution, 3D positioning cadmium zinc telluride detector for PET.
abstract: This paper investigates the performance of 1 mm resolution cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detectors for positron emission tomography (PET) capable of positioning the 3D coordinates of individual 511 keV photon interactions. The detectors comprise 40 mm × 40 mm × 5 mm monolithic CZT crystals that employ a novel cross-strip readout with interspersed steering electrodes to obtain high spatial and energy resolution. The study found a single anode FWHM energy resolution of 3.06 ± 0.39% at 511 keV throughout most of the detector volume. Improved resolution is expected with properly shielded front-end electronics. Measurements made using a collimated beam established the efficacy of the steering electrodes in facilitating enhanced charge collection across anodes, as well as a spatial resolution of 0.44 ± 0.07 mm in the direction orthogonal to the electrode planes. Finally, measurements based on coincidence electronic collimation yielded a point spread function with 0.78 ± 0.10 mm FWHM, demonstrating 1 mm spatial resolution capability transverse to the anodes-as expected from the 1 mm anode pitch. These findings indicate that the CZT-based detector concept has excellent performance and shows great promise for a high-resolution PET system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Matteson
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Deal
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Stephan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duttweiler
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Gasaway
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium; D004566:Electrodes; D004581:Electronics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D017785:Photons; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013691:Tellurium; D015032:Zinc
chemical_list: C474490:CdZnTe; D002104:Cadmium; D015032:Zinc; D013691:Tellurium