title: Growth characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes as affected by a native microflora in cooked ham under refrigerated and temperature abuse conditions.
abstract: This study examined the growth characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes as affected by a native microflora in cooked ham at refrigerated and abuse temperatures. A five-strain mixture of L. monocytogenes and a native microflora, consisting of Brochothrix spp., isolated from cooked meat were inoculated alone (monocultured) or co-inoculated (co-cultured) onto cooked ham slices. The growth characteristics, lag phase duration (LPD, h), growth rate (GR, log(10) cfu/h), and maximum population density (MPD, log(10) cfu/g), of L. monocytogenes and the native microflora in vacuum-packed ham slices stored at 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 °C for up to 5 weeks were determined. At 4-12 °C, the LPDs of co-cultured L. monocytogenes were not significantly different from those of monocultured L. monocytogenes in ham, indicating the LPDs of L. monocytogenes at 4-12 °C were not influenced by the presence of the native microflora. At 4-8 °C, the GRs of co-cultured L. monocytogenes (0.0114-0.0130 log(10) cfu/h) were statistically but marginally lower than those of monocultured L. monocytogenes (0.0132-0.0145 log(10) cfu/h), indicating the GRs of L. monocytogenes at 4-8 °C were reduced by the presence of the native microflora. The GRs of L. monocytogenes were reduced by 8-7% with the presence of the native microflora at 4-8 °C, whereas there was less influence of the native microflora on the GRs of L. monocytogenes at 10 and 12 °C. The MPDs of L. monocytogenes at 4-8 °C were also reduced by the presence of the native microflora. Data from this study provide additional information regarding the growth suppression of L. monocytogenes by the native microflora for assessing the survival and growth of L. monocytogenes in ready-to-eat meat products.
authors.affiliation: Microbial Food Safety Research Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 600 E. Mermaid Lane, Wyndmoor, PA 19038, USA. Andy.Hwang@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Cheng-An
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Shiowshuh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sheen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000898:Antibiosis; D058640:Brochothrix / Q000502:physiology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D005506:Food Contamination; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000254:growth & development*; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D012034:Refrigeration; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature