title: Non-pharmaceutical interventions during an outbreak of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus infection at a large public university, April-May 2009.
abstract: Nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), such as home isolation, social distancing, and infection control measures, are recommended by public health agencies as strategies to mitigate transmission during influenza pandemics. However, NPI implementation has rarely been studied in large populations. During an outbreak of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) virus infection at a large public university in April 2009, an online survey was conducted among students, faculty, and staff to assess knowledge of and adherence to university-recommended NPI. Although 3924 (65%) of 6049 student respondents and 1057 (74%) of 1401 faculty respondents reported increased use of self-protective NPI, such as hand washing, only 27 (6.4%) of 423 students and 5 (8.6%) of 58 faculty with acute respiratory infection (ARI) reported staying home while ill. Nearly one-half (46%) of student respondents, including 44.7% of those with ARI, attended social events. Results indicate a need for efforts to increase compliance with home isolation and social distancing measures.
authors.affiliation: Immigrant, Refugee, and Migrant Health Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. tmitchell1@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Tarissa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Dee
authors.forename: Christina R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Phares
authors.forename: Harvey B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Lipman
authors.forename: L Hannah
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: Preeta
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kutty
authors.forename: Mitesh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guh
authors.forename: A Danielle
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Iuliano
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siebold
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Swerdlow
authors.forename: Mehran S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Massoudi
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Fishbein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control / Q000379:methods*; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014495:Universities; D055815:Young Adult