title: Inflammatory cytokines in cancer: tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 6 take the stage.
abstract: Up to 20% of all cancers arise in association with chronic inflammation and most, if not all, solid tumours contain inflammatory infiltrates. Immune cells have a broad impact on tumour initiation, growth and progression and many of these effects are mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. Among these cytokines, the pro-tumourogenic function of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) is well established. The role of TNF and IL-6 as master regulators of tumour-associated inflammation and tumourigenesis makes them attractive targets for adjuvant treatment in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Departments of Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: Sergei I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Grivennikov
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000502:physiology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha