title: Overexpression of Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: a potential indicator for poor prognosis.
abstract: The Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB have been shown to play important roles in the development and progression of human cancers. However, the functional significance of Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and the correlation between Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB remain unclear. In the current study, we have shown that Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB were significantly overexpressed in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma tissues and precancerous lesions, compared with adjacent normal tissues (both P < .001). The overexpression of Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor was significantly associated with histologic differentiation (rs = 0.321, P = .002), T stage (rs = 0.276, P = .009), lymph node metastasis (rs = 0.266, P = .012), and clinical stage (rs = 0.272, P = .010); overexpression of nuclear factor-κB was significantly associated with T stage (rs = 0.404, P < .001), lymph node metastasis (rs = 0.293, P = .005), and clinical stage (rs = 0.425, P < .001). Overexpressions of both Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB were associated with worse overall survival (P = .041 and P < .001, respectively). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that T stage, lymph node metastasis, and nuclear factor-κB were independent prognostic factors for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (P = .038, P = .014, and P = .005, respectively). Furthermore, a significant correlation was observed between Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB (rs = 0.683, P < .001), indicating the potential direct or indirect interaction between them. In conclusion, our results suggest that overexpressions of Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB and the possible interaction between them may play important roles in the development and progression of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, and Forkhead Box M1 transcription factor and nuclear factor-κB may serve as useful prognostic markers for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China. pearl1984@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Li-Zhu
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Chuang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wei-Xue
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Hong-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hong-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C107585:FOXM1 protein, human; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D016328:NF-kappa B