title: Advantages of laserphyrin compared with photofrin in photodynamic therapy for bile duct carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare the effects of laserphyrin-PDT (L-PDT) on biliary cancer with those of the conventional photosensitizer, photofrin-PDT (P-PDT).
  
  
  METHODS
  An animal tumor model was established by inoculation of NOZ cells in 4-week-old male BALB/c mice. The laser light wavelength was set at 630 nm for P-PDT and 660 nm for L-PDT, at a frequency of 10 Hz. Each group received a total energy flux of 60 J/cm(2). The proportion of TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick-end labeling)-positive cells, expression of VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and the PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)-labeling index (LI) were assessed after PDT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  L-PDT had significantly more potent apoptotic effects at 48 and 72 h after light exposure compared with P-PDT (P < 0.001). The mean PCNA-LI was significantly lower in the L-PDT group than the P-PDT group and the index was significantly lower at several time points after PDT (6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h after laser light exposure) in the L-PDT than P-PDT (P < 0.001 vs. control). The cell proliferative activity was significantly decreased at 12 and 24 h after P-PDT compared with the control (P < 0.001). VEGF expression was significantly higher at 3 h after L-PDT compared with the control (P < 0.05), whereas it was significantly higher at many time points after P-PDT (3, 6, 48 and 72 h; P < 0.05 vs. control).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  L-PDT is a better approach for biliary cancer than the conventional P-PDT, based on its potent apoptotic and cytostatic effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 8528501, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nanashima
authors.forename: Mihoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isomoto
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagayasu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether; C053434:Talaporfin