title: Dissection of splicing regulation at an endogenous locus by zinc-finger nuclease-mediated gene editing.
abstract: Sequences governing RNA splicing are difficult to study in situ due to the great difficulty of traditional targeted mutagenesis. Zinc-finger nuclease (ZFN) technology allows for the rapid and efficient introduction of site-specific mutations into mammalian chromosomes. Using a ZFN pair along with a donor plasmid to manipulate the outcomes of DNA repair, we introduced several discrete, targeted mutations into the fourth intron of the endogenous BAX gene in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Putative lariat branch points, the polypyrimidine tract, and the splice acceptor site were targeted. We recovered numerous otherwise isogenic clones carrying the intended mutations and analyzed the effect of each on BAX pre-mRNA splicing. Mutation of one of three possible branch points, the polypyrimidine tract, and the splice acceptor site all caused exclusion of exon five from BAX mRNA. Interestingly, these exon-skipping mutations allowed usage of cryptic splice acceptor sites within intron four. These data demonstrate that ZFN-mediated gene editing is a highly effective tool for dissection of pre-mRNA splicing regulatory sequences in their endogenous context.
authors.affiliation: Sangamo BioSciences, Richmond, California, United States of America.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cristea
authors.forename: Philip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Fyodor D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Urnov
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Cost
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D056426:Genetic Loci / Q000235:genetics*; D016296:Mutagenesis; D022821:RNA Splice Sites / Q000235:genetics; D012326:RNA Splicing / Q000235:genetics*; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016335:Zinc Fingers; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D022821:RNA Splice Sites; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D012260:Ribonucleases