title: Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside improves obesity and triglyceride metabolism in KK-Ay mice by regulating lipoprotein lipase activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyanidin-3-O-β-glucoside (Cy-3-g)-rich foods have been reported to inhibit the onset of obesity, but whether the pure anthocyanin supplementation affects obesity remains uncertain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cy-3-g supplementation significantly reduced obesity, accumulation of fat in visceral adipose and liver tissues, and plasma triglyceride levels. Furthermore, adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase phosphorylation (pAMPK) in the skeletal muscle and visceral adipose were significantly increased by Cy-3-g consumption. This was followed by the activation of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in plasma and skeletal muscle but the suppression of this enzyme in visceral adipose. LPL activation in skeletal muscle cells and its suppression in adipocytes by Cy-3-g were blocked by inhibition of pAMPK.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our present data thus demonstrate that Cy-3-g improves obesity and triglyceride metabolism in KK-Ay mice. The underlying mechanism is found to be partly related to the activation of LPL in plasma and skeletal muscle, and inhibition of LPL in adipose tissue following the activation of pAMPK.
authors.affiliation: Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510080, China.
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Dongliang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Guilan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yanna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yunjun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ling
mesh_terms: D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D055951:Functional Food / Q000032:analysis; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005960:Glucosides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D005960:Glucosides; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; C548179:Prkaa1 protein, mouse; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase