title: The Brazilian version of Shoulder Pain and Disability Index: translation, cultural adaptation and reliability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To translate and culturally adapt the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) into Brazilian-Portuguese and to assess its reliability.
  
  
  METHODS
  The first step was the translation, synthesis, back-translation, revision by the committee, pre-testing and evaluation of documents by the committee and the author of the SPADI. The revised version by the committee was applied to 90 subjects with shoulder dysfunction, aged over 18 years from different education and sociocultural levels. The items misunderstood by 20% or more of patients were reformulated and reapplied until they reach values lower than 20%. The second stage consisted of two applications of SPADI to 32 patients with shoulder dysfunction in a interval ranging from 2 to 7 days. The data from the translation were analyzed descriptively, the test-retest reliability by Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and the internal consistency by Cronbach's Alpha.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Some expressions have been adapted to the Brazilian population and the items in the pain and disability subscales were changed for an easier reading in Portuguese Language. The pre-test revealed a need to change only one item of the pain domain and to administer the questionnaire by interview, since it was repeated three times and in the first two applications with self-reported questionnaire the patients had not been reporting their symptoms with regards to the past week and also they have not been properly used the item "Not Applicable". The test-retest reliability ranged from 0.90 to 0.94 and the internal consistency ranged from 0.87 to 0.89.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After the translation and cultural adaptation, it was obtained a reliable version of SPADI-Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for the Analysis of Human Posture and Movement, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Jaqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Barbara V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Napoles
authors.forename: Carla B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Anamaria S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020069:Shoulder Pain / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult