title: Simultaneous analysis of free and conjugated estrogens, sulfonamides, and tetracyclines in runoff water and soils using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: The ability to monitor multiple analytes from various classes of compounds in a single analysis can increase throughput and reduce cost when compared to traditional methods of analyses. This method for analyzing free (parent estrogen) and conjugated estrogens (metabolites) along with sulfonamides and tetracyclines utilizes a high pH (10.4) mobile phase with an ammonium hydroxide buffer for both positive- and negative-mode electrospray ionization. A single-step sample preparation by solid-phase extraction (SPE) was used to isolate and concentrate all analytes simultaneously. The analytical method was developed and validated for recoveries at 3 concentration levels for water and soil and produced recoveries of 42-123% and 21-105% respectively. Method detection limits ranged from 0.3 to 1.0 ng/L for water samples and 0.01 to 0.1 ng/g for soils. The method quantification limit ranged from 0.9 to 3.3 ng/L for water samples and 0.06 to 0.7 ng/g for soils. The single-point standard addition calibration procedure was validated across a linear range of MQL to 100 ng/L with ≥82% accuracy against a matrix matched standard curve. Furthermore, sorption of tetracyclines onto glassware was investigated and minimized by 10% using nitric acid-rinsed glassware, while separation parameters were further optimized based on retention time and signal responses. This method has been used for the quantification of estrogens, tetracyclines, and sulfonamides in soil and runoff waters with multiple compounds detected simultaneously in a single analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260, United States.
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tso
authors.forename: Sudarshan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: Shreeram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inamdar
authors.forename: Diana S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Aga
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D052616:Solid Phase Extraction / Q000379:methods*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013754:Tetracyclines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical