title: Pregnancy-induced hypertension, but not gestational diabetes mellitus, is a risk factor for venous thromboembolism in pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify the association of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) with the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of 57,009 pregnancies during 2002-2008 at Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University. The diagnosis of VTE {deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (PE)} was based on clot visualization via ultrasound or computed tomography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 27 cases (PE, 20 cases) were detected. The incidence of VTE was 0.47 per 1,000 pregnancies. To determine risk factors associated with pregnancy-induced VTE, univariate analysis using a chi-square test was performed. Cesarean (C)-section, multiple pregnancy, PIH, placenta previa, and assisted reproduction technique (ART) were statistically significant compared to the controls (all, p=0.000). However, age, premature rupture of membrane, and GDM were not statistically related to VTE. Logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the odds ratios for the risk factors. Placenta previa showed a 12.6-fold higher risk, while PIH had a 9.8-fold higher risk for the occurrence of VTE. C-section and ART procedures increased the risk of VTE by 4.2 times compared to that of the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Placenta previa and PIH were significant risk factors for VTE, whereas the known traditional risk factors of increased age and GDM were not found to be associated with VTE.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicine/Cardiology, Cheil General Hospital, Kwandong University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun Sun
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Do Yi
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Moon Seok
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sung Ja
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun-Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jeong Bae
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Park