title: CYP1, a hypovirus-regulated cyclophilin, is required for virulence in the chestnut blight fungus.
abstract: Cyclophilins are peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases that are highly conserved throughout eukaryotes and are the cellular target of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA). We cloned cyp1, a cyclophilin A-encoding gene in the phytopathogenic fungus Cryphonectria parasitica, and showed that this gene was downregulated following infection by a virulence-attenuating hypovirus. The function of cyp1 was further investigated by construction of a cyp1 deletion mutant. Although the wild-type C. parasitica strain EP155 was sensitive to CsA, the Δcyp1 strain was highly tolerant to CsA, indicating that CYP1 was the target of CsA. Deletion of cyp1 resulted in reduced virulence when inoculated to chestnut stems. Transcriptional analysis revealed that deletion of cyp1 also reduced transcript levels for genes encoding key components of the heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein signalling pathway that are essential for sensing environmental cues and are involved in C. parasitica development and virulence.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bioresource Conservation and Utilization, The Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education of China for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Guangxi University, 100 Daxue Road, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China.
authors.forename: Min-Mei
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Mingguo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jinjie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: Xiuwan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jingkuan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Nuss
authors.forename: Baoshan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000821:virology; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D021983:Cyclophilins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D055786:Gene Knockout Techniques; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D031318:Hippocastanaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D021983:Cyclophilins