title: DCs and NK cells: critical effectors in the immune response to HIV-1.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) and natural killer (NK) cells have central roles in antiviral immunity by shaping the quality of the adaptive immune response to viruses and by mediating direct antiviral activity. HIV-1 infection is characterized by a severe dysregulation of the antiviral immune response that starts during early infection. This Review describes recent insights into how HIV-1 infection affects DC and NK cell function, and the roles of these innate immune cells in HIV-1 pathogenesis. The importance of understanding DC and NK cell crosstalk during HIV infection for the development of effective antiviral strategies is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA. maltfeld@partners.org
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Altfeld
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fadda
authors.forename: Davor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frleta
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D056704:Adaptive Immunity / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001343:Autophagy; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002450:Cell Communication; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D000882:Haplorhini; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D054340:Receptors, KIR / Q000276:immunology; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology; D051200:Toll-Like Receptor 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D014611:Vaccination; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D051200:Toll-Like Receptor 8; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin; C121916:CD207 protein, human; C495349:TLR8 protein, human; C514793:gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1