title: Short and long-term effects of smoking on cortisol in older adults.
abstract: We investigated concurrent as well as long-term effects of smoking on cortisol. The population consisted of 2508 elderly adults. Current smokers, as opposed to former smokers, had higher basal cortisol levels and higher morning increases of cortisol. Overall, pack-years was related to morning cortisol rise, but this was accounted for by current smokers. Time since quitting was positively associated with a greater decline in daytime cortisol indicating that the effects of smoking remit. This suggests that smoking has short-term, rather than long-term, consequences on cortisol secretion patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, PO Box 2040, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands. n.direk@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Nese
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Direk
authors.forename: Rachel S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Newson
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kirschbaum
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tiemeier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D018672:Community Health Planning; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone