title: PBDEs and methoxylated analogues in sediment cores from two Michigan, USA, inland lakes.
abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been widely studied in sediments from the North American Great Lakes; however, no studies have been conducted of occurrences of methoxylated (MeO-) PBDEs in abiotic compartments in this region. In the present study, 23 tri- to hepta-PBDEs and 12 MeO-PBDEs were analyzed in dated sediment cores collected from two inland lakes (White Lake and Muskegon Lake) in Michigan, USA. Concentrations of Σ(23) PBDEs ranged from 3.9 × 10(-1) to 2.4 × 10(0) and from 9.8 × 10(-1) to 3.9 × 10(0) ng/g dry weight in White Lake and Muskegon Lake, respectively. The historical trends of tri- to hepta-PBDEs in the two lakes were different, possibly because of different input and remediation histories. The tri- to hepta-PBDE profiles were similar in the two lakes, with BDE-47 as the predominant congener, followed by BDE-99 and BDE-183. A different temporal trend for BDE-183 was found compared with other PBDEs, which is consistent with debromination of high-brominated PBDEs during sedimentation and aging. Methoxylated-PBDEs were detected only in Muskegon Lake (3.6 × 10(-3) to 1.2 × 10(-1) ng/g dry wt). Methoxylated PBDEs showed different temporal trends compared with tri- to hepta-PBDEs. The differences in patterns of concentrations of MeO-PBDEs in the two lakes might be due to different aquatic communities in each lake. The occurrences of MeO-PBDEs could be the major source of hydroxylated-polybrominated diphenyl ethers (OH-PBDEs) observed in organisms collected in these freshwater systems.
authors.affiliation: Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiseman
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Michael H W
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Giesy
mesh_terms: D000840:Anisoles / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis*; D008824:Michigan; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: C496823:2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-3,5-dibromoanisole; C496824:2-(2',4'-dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromoanisole; D000840:Anisoles; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical