title: MR findings of synovial disease in children and young adults: Part 2.
abstract: Synovium is the thin membranous lining of a joint. It produces synovial fluid, which lubricates and nourishes the cartilage and bone in the joint capsule. Synovial diseases in children can be classified as normal structures as potential sources of pathology (synovial folds: plicae, infrapatellar fat pad clefts), noninfectious synovial proliferation (juvenile idiopathic arthritis, hemophilic arthropathy, lipoma arborescens, synovial osteochondromatosis, pigmented villonodular synovitis, reactive synovitis), infectious synovial proliferation (pyogenic arthritis, tuberculous arthritis), deposition disease (gouty arthropathy), vascular malformation, malignancy (metastasis) and intra-/periarticular cysts and cyst-like structures. Other intra-articular neoplasms, such as intra-articular synovial sarcoma, can mimic synovial disease in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. hee.kim@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Hee K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Zbojniewicz
authors.forename: Arnold C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Merrow
authors.forename: Jung-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: In-One
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kathleen H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Emery
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003560:Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006073:Gout / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D013584:Sarcoma, Synovial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D014394:Tuberculosis, Osteoarticular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult