title: Decreased regional homogeneity in major depression as revealed by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Functional imaging studies indicate abnormal activities in cortico-limbic network in depression during either task or resting state. The present work was to explore the abnormal spontaneous activity shown with regional homogeneity (ReHo) in depression by resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using fMRI, the differences of regional brain activity were measured in resting state in depressed vs. healthy participants. Sixteen participants firstly diagnosed with major depressive disorder and 16 controls were scanned during resting state. A novel method based on ReHo was used to detect spontaneous hemodynamic responses across the whole brain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ReHo in the left thalamus, left temporal lobe, left cerebellar posterior lobe, and the bilateral occipital lobe was found to be significantly decreased in depression compared to healthy controls in resting state of depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abnormal spontaneous activity exists in the left thalamus, left temporal lobe, left cerebellar posterior lobe, and the bilateral occipital lobe. And the ReHo may be a potential reference in understanding the distinct brain activity in resting state of depression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Mood Disorder, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Medical School of Colleague, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
authors.forename: Dai-Hui
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Kai-da
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yi-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yi-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Xiang-Yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology; D055815:Young Adult