title: Level of parent-asthmatic child agreement on health-related quality of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Direct assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQοL) is necessary to understand the impact of a disease on patients' well-being and to evaluate clinical interventions. There is substantial debate in the literature on pediatric health outcomes concerning who is the most appropriate respondent when assessing children's HRQoL.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the level of agreement between child self-reports and parent proxy-reports concerning HRQoL in children with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 504 children with asthma and their parents who were referred to outpatient asthma clinic participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two age groups (4-7- and 8-14-year-olds). The DISABKIDS chronic generic measure-long form (DCGM-37), the DISABKIDS smiley measure (DSM), and the DISABKIDS condition-specific modules for asthma were used. The level of agreement between children and parents was evaluated using intra-class correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A satisfactory level of agreement between younger children and their parents except those with severe asthma with both methods was observed; the level of agreement in the older ones was moderate with the exception of general subscale. Asthmatic children's mean HRQoL scores were significantly lower than their parents for all subscales, except children with severe asthma in the older group, who stated lower HRQoL than their parents in most of the domains except those of Impact and Worry that were in close agreement. Fathers' assessment of HRQoL score was closer to their children's self-assessment in both groups. Families with higher family income showed a greater level of agreement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study illustrated that parents overestimate HRQoL of their children with asthma even though moderate agreement between child self-reports and parent proxy-reports on HRQoL was noticed. Fathers seem to be better proxy-reporters than mothers. Any evaluation of current approaches to measuring children's HRQoL needs to allow both parent and child to give their own perspective.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Nursing, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Goudi. 11517, Athens, Greece. cpetsios@nurs.uoa.gr
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Petsios
authors.forename: Kostas N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Priftis
authors.forename: Constantinos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsoumakas
authors.forename: Elpis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatziagorou
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Tsanakas
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galanis
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Antonogeorgos
authors.forename: Vasiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Matziou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004493:Education / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D057566:Self Report; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires