title: Anti-inflammatory effect of soyasaponins through suppressing nitric oxide production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells by attenuation of NF-κB-mediated nitric oxide synthase expression.
abstract: The anti-inflammatory properties of soyasaponins (especially soyasaponins with different chemical structures) have scarcely been investigated. We investigated the inhibitory effects of five structural types of soyasaponins (soyasaponin A(1), A(2), I and soyasapogenol A, B) on the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS) in murine RAW 264.7 cells activated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Soyasaponin A(1), A(2) and I (25-200 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the production of NO and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) in LPS-activated macrophages, whereas soyasapogenol A and B did not. Furthermore, soyasaponin A(1), A(2) and I suppressed the iNOS enzyme activity and down-regulated the iNOS mRNA expression both in a dose-dependent manner. The reporter gene assay revealed that soyasaponin A(1), A(2) and I decreased LPS-induced nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activity. Soyasaponin A(1), A(2) and I exhibit anti-inflammatory properties by suppressing NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through attenuation of NF-κB-mediated iNOS expression. It is proposed that the sugar chains present in the structures of soyasaponins are important for their anti-inflammatory activities. These results have important implication for using selected soyasaponins towards the development of effective chemopreventive and anti-inflammatory agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China. lyzhasmu@126.com
authors.forename: Long-ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Zha
authors.forename: Li-mei
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Xiao-cui
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Ju-feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Xin-wei
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Su-xia
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hai-ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012503:Saponins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C407096:soyasapogenol B; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C116604:soyasapogenol A; C056684:soyasaponin I; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II