title: Effects of steering demand on lane keeping behaviour, self-reports, and physiology. A simulator study.
abstract: In this study a driving simulator was used to determine changes in mental effort in response to manipulations of steering demand. Changes in mental effort were assessed by using subjective effort ratings, physiology, and the standard deviation of the lateral position. Steering demand was increased by exposure to narrow lane widths and high density oncoming traffic while speed was fixed in all conditions to prevent a compensatory reaction. Results indicated that both steering demand factors influence mental effort expenditure and using multiple measures contributes to effort assessment. Application of these outcomes for adaptive automation is envisaged.
authors.affiliation: Traffic and Environmental Psychology Group, Clinical and Developmental Neuropsychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat, 9712 TS Groningen, The Netherlands. c.dijksterhuis@rug.nl
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dijksterhuis
authors.forename: Karel A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Brookhuis
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Waard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology*; D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004779:Environment Design; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D056152:Respiratory Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D057566:Self Report; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D055815:Young Adult