title: A practical guide to the synthesis of dinitroindolinyl-caged neurotransmitters.
abstract: This protocol describes a method for efficient chemical synthesis of dinitroindolinyl derivatives of glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid. These caged neurotransmitters are currently the most chemically and photochemically efficient probes for two-photon photolysis in living brain slices. The protocol only requires basic organic synthesis equipment, and no silica gel column chromatography or NMR spectroscopy is needed at any stage. HPLC is used to purify the caged transmitters at the end of the syntheses. Thus, the synthesis of dinitroindolinyl-caged neurotransmitters is within the scope of a modestly equipped chemistry laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA. graham.davies@mssm.edu
authors.forename: Graham C R
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Ellis-Davies
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005971:Glutamates / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007211:Indoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D010782:Photolysis
chemical_list: D005971:Glutamates; D007211:Indoles; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D018698:Glutamic Acid