title: Women and smoking: risks, impacts, and challenges.
abstract: Smoking among women has drawn increasing attention because of the increase (or less pronounced decrease) in its prevalence when compared with that observed for men, as well as because of the specific effects that smoking has on women's health. For the 2010 "World No Tobacco Day", the World Health Organization chose the theme "Gender and tobacco with an emphasis on marketing to women", with the aim of encouraging policies to combat marketing strategies employed by the tobacco industry and to curb the epidemic of smoking among women. In this article, we discuss the characteristics of smoking among women, addressing factors such as smoking prevalence, nicotine dependence, the role of the tobacco industry, health risks, approaches to smoking cessation, treatment strategies, and prevention measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pulmonology, Instituto do Coração, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo-InCor/HC-FMUSP, Heart Institute/University of São Paulo School of Medicine Hospital das Clínicas-São Paulo, Brazil. elisasjbv@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Elisa Maria Siqueira
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: Gustavo Faibichew
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Prado
authors.forename: Ubiratan de Paula
authors.initials: Ude P
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Frederico Leon Arrabal
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D040541:Marketing; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control