title: A comparison of outcomes of general medical inpatient care provided by a hospitalist-physician assistant model vs a traditional resident-based model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Residency reform in the form of work hour restrictions has forced academic medical centers to develop alternate models of care to provide inpatient care. One such model is the use of physician assistants (PAs) with hospitalists. However, these models of care have not been widely evaluated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcomes of inpatient care provided by a hospitalist-PA (H-PA) model with the traditional resident based model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 9681 general medical (GM) hospitalizations between January 2005 and December 2006 using a hospital administrative database. We used multivariable mixed models to adjust for a wide variety of potential confounders and account for multiple patient visits to the hospital to compare the outcomes of 2171 hospitalizations to H-PA teams with those of 7510 hospitalizations to resident teams (RES).
  
  
  METHODS
  Length of stay (LOS), charges, readmission within 7, 14, and 30 days and inpatient mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inpatient care provided by H-PA teams was associated with a 6.73% longer LOS (P = 0.005) but charges, risk of readmission at 7, 14, and 30 days and inpatient mortality were similar to resident-based teams. The increase in LOS was dependent on the time of admission of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H-PA team-based GM inpatient care was associated with a higher LOS but similar charges, readmission rates, and inpatient mortality to traditional resident-based teams, a finding that persisted in sensitivity analyses.
authors.affiliation: Center for Patient Care and Outcomes Research, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA ssingh@mcw.ed
authors.forename: Siddhartha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Kathlyn E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: Marilyn M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Schapira
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tarima
authors.forename: Lee A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Biblo
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whittle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D020445:Hospitalists / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000592:standards; D010823:Physician Assistants / Q000592:standards; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult