title: [Type I cryoglobulinemia with a fatal outcome].
abstract: Type I cryoglobulinemia, a condition associated with lymphoproliferative disorders, is caused by monoclonal immunoglobulins that precipitate at low temperatures. It mostly involves the skin and pathology study shows no signs of vasculitis. Management is usually based on immunosuppressive drugs associated with plasmapheresis for severe disease. The use of rituximab has recently been described for resistant cases. We present an unusual case of long-standing type I cryoglobulinemia associated with a monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance. The patient developed extremely severe skin lesions with histological signs of vasculitis. The patient died due to the onset of noncutaneous manifestations of the cryoglobulinemia and complications of the immunosuppressive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Dermatología, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, España. begoecheverria2@gmail.com
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Echeverría
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vitiello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abuchar
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Kerdel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003449:Cryoglobulinemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains / Q000032:analysis; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D055624:Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008998:Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology; D010266:Paraproteins / Q000032:analysis; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D000069283:Rituximab; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000209:etiology; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014657:Vasculitis / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D007145:Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010266:Paraproteins; D000069283:Rituximab