title: Prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with genital neoplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anal intraepithelial neoplasia is believed to be a precursor of anal cancer, and it appears to be related to high-risk human papillomavirus. Women with genital neoplasia have been shown to be at increased risk for anal cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia in women with genital neoplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study took place at Hospital Nossa Senhora da Conceição, Porto Alegre, Brazil, from May 2008 to April 2010.
  
  
  METHODS
  Included in the study were 106 immunocompetent women with a histopathological diagnosis of genital neoplasia and 74 women without gynecologic neoplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  All women underwent high-resolution anoscopy with biopsies of acetowhite areas or abnormal vascular features such as punctation and mosaics for histopathological diagnosis of anal intraepithelial neoplasia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  : The overall prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia was 6.6%. In women with genital neoplasia, the prevalence was 10.4% (95% CI, 5.6%-17.3%), whereas the prevalence was 1.4% (95% CI, 0.07%-6.5%) in women without genital neoplasia (P = .016). The prevalence ratio was 7.68 (95% CI, 1.01-58.21).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with normal results on high-resolution anoscopy were not submitted to random biopsies for ethical reasons. Small lesions could be missed, and thus our findings might be underestimated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of anal intraepithelial neoplasia is higher in women with genital neoplasia.
authors.affiliation: Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Programa de Pós-Graduação: Ciências em Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. danielakoppe@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Daniela Cerqueira
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Koppe
authors.forename: Cléia Bertinetti
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bandeira
authors.forename: Margarete Ribeiro Duarte
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cambruzzi
authors.forename: Luíse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meurer
authors.forename: Renato Borges
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Fagundes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003127:Colposcopy; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D011351:Proctoscopy; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology