title: Involvement of the AATn polymorphism of the CNR1 gene in the efficiency of procedural learning in humans.
abstract: Procedural learning refers to the acquisition of motor skills and the practice that refines their performance. The striatum participates in this learning through a function regulated by endocannabinoid signaling and other systems. This study relates the efficiency in learning a procedural task with the AATn polymorphism of the CNR1 gene, which encodes for the CB1 receptor. The mirror-drawing star task was solved by 99 healthy young subjects in three trials. The sample was divided into high- and low-performance groups based on performance efficiency. AAT12/14 carriers were more frequent in the former group, while there were more AAT12/13 carriers in the latter, which also made more errors/min. Therefore, we characterized two efficiency phenotypes: high- vs. low-performers associated with the two AATn genotypes, AAT12/14 vs. AAT12/13. The findings suggest that AATn polymorphism modifies CNR1 translation, indicating a different modulation of CB1.
authors.affiliation: Lab. Neurogenómica Cognitiva, Depto. Psicofisiología, Fac. Psicología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Mexico City, Mexico. aleruiz@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Alejandra E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Contreras
authors.forename: Maribel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delgado-Herrera
authors.forename: Paola A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: García-Vaca
authors.forename: Georgina A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Almeida-Rosas
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soria-Rodríguez
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soriano-Bautista
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cadena-Valencia
authors.forename: Jorge R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Bazán-Frías
authors.forename: Nardhy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gómez-López
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espejel-Núñez
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vadillo-Ortega
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Carrillo-Sánchez
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Verdín-Reyes
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: March-Mifsut
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Méndez-Díaz
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Prospéro-García
mesh_terms: D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009048:Motor Skills / Q000502:physiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000235:genetics*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1