title: Swine influenza virus antibodies in humans, western Europe, 2009.
abstract: Serologic studies for swine influenza viruses (SIVs) in humans with occupational exposure to swine have been reported from the Americas but not from Europe. We compared levels of neutralizing antibodies against 3 influenza viruses--pandemic (H1N1) 2009, an avian-like enzootic subtype H1N1 SIV, and a 2007-08 seasonal subtype H1N1--in 211 persons with swine contact and 224 matched controls in Luxembourg. Persons whose profession involved contact with swine had more neutralizing antibodies against SIV and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus than did the controls. Controls also had antibodies against these viruses although exposure to them was unlikely. Antibodies against SIV and pandemic (H1N1) 2009 virus correlated with each other but not with seasonal subtype H1N1 virus. Sequential exposure to variants of seasonal influenza (H1N1) viruses may have increased chances for serologic cross-reactivity with antigenically distinct viruses. Further studies are needed to determine the extent to which serologic responses correlate with infection.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche Public de la Sante/Laboratoire National de Sante, Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg.
authors.forename: Nancy A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gerloff
authors.forename: Jacques R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kremer
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Charpentier
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sausy
authors.forename: Christophe M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Olinger
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weicherding
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schuh
authors.forename: Kristien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Reeth
authors.forename: Claude P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053118:Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D008189:Luxembourg; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D058873:Pandemics; D012621:Seasons; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D057134:Antibodies, Neutralizing; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines