title: Evaluation of dual flow counter-current chromatography and intermittent counter-current extraction.
abstract: The aim of this research is to compare two continuous extraction technologies, intermittent counter-current extraction (ICcE) and dual flow counter-current chromatography (DFCCC), in terms of loading and throughput using the GUESSmix, and show the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. A model sample containing caffeine, vanillin, naringenin and carvone, with a total load of 11.2 g, was employed with a hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (2:3:2:3) phase system to evaluate an ICcE method on a preparative (912 ml coil volume) DE-Midi instrument. While DFCCC was carried out on a specially designed preparative (561 ml coil volume) bobbin installed in a similar Midi instrument case. While similar throughputs of 7.8 g/h and 6.9 g/h were achieved for the ICcE and DFCCC methods respectively, ICcE was demonstrated to have a number of advantages over DFCCC.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Bioprocessing Centre, Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, Brunel University, Kingston Lane, Uxbridge UB83PH, UK. svetlana.ignatova@brunel.ac.uk
authors.forename: Svetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ignatova
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hewitson
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sutherland
mesh_terms: D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003377:Countercurrent Distribution / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D044950:Flavanones / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D001547:Benzaldehydes; D000081005:Cyclohexane Monoterpenes; D044950:Flavanones; D039821:Monoterpenes; D002110:Caffeine; C006923:carvone; C100058:vanillin; C005273:naringenin