title: Clonal sequences recovered from plasma from patients with residual HIV-1 viremia and on intensified antiretroviral therapy are identical to replicating viral RNAs recovered from circulating resting CD4+ T cells.
abstract: Despite successful antiretroviral therapy (ART), low-level viremia (LLV) may be intermittently detected in most HIV-infected patients. Longitudinal blood plasma and resting CD4(+) T cells were obtained from two patients on suppressive ART to investigate the source of LLV. Single-genome sequencing of HIV-1 env from LLV plasma was performed, and the sequences were compared to sequences recovered from limiting-dilution outgrowth assays of resting CD4(+) T cells. The circulating LLV virus clone was identical to virus recovered from outgrowth assays from pools of millions of resting CD4(+) T cells. Understanding the sources of LLV requires evaluation of all possible reservoirs of persistent HIV infection.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2060 Genetic Medicine Bldg., CB#7042, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7042, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Nancie M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Archin
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ince
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiegand
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Coffin
authors.forename: Joann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuruc
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eron
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swanstrom
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Margolis
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents