title: A retrospective study of zygomatico-orbital complex and/or zygomatic arch fractures over a 71-month period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the epidemiology, treatment, and complications of zygomatico-orbital complex (ZOC) and/or zygomatic arch (ZA) fractures either associated with other facial fractures or not over a 71-month period.
  
  
  METHODS
  This survey was performed in three hospitals of Ribeirao Preto in Sao Paulo, Brazil, from August 2002 to July 2008. The records of 1575 patients with facial trauma were reviewed. There were 140 cases of ZOC and ZA fractures either associated with other facial fractures or not. Data regarding gender, age, race, addictions, day of trauma, etiology, signs and symptoms, oral hygiene condition, day of initial evaluation, hospital admission, day of surgery, surgery approach, pattern of fractures, treatment performed, post-operative antibiotic therapy, day of hospital discharge, and post-operative complications were collected. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent fractures affected Caucasian men and occurred during the fourth decade of life. The most frequent etiology was traffic accident, and symptoms and signs included pain and edema. Type I fractures were the main injury observed, and the treatment of choice was always rigid internal fixation. Post-operative antibiotic therapy was solely employed when there was an indication. Complications were observed in 13.1% of the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment protocol yielded suitable post-operative results and also showed success rates comparable to published data around the world.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Priscila Faleiros Bertelli
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Trivellato
authors.forename: Maya Fernanda Manfrin
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Arnez
authors.forename: Cassio Edvard
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Sverzut
authors.forename: Alexandre Elias
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Trivellato
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D055815:Young Adult; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents