title: Clinical significance and predictive value of prostaglandin E2 receptors (EPR) 1 - 4 in patients with renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical significance of prostaglandin E2 receptor (EPR) expression in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tissues remains unclear. Patients and Μethods: Four subtypes of EPRs were examined in 112 human RCC tissues by immunohistochemical and Western blot analysis. The relationships between EPR immunoreactivity score (IS) and various pathological features and survival were then analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IS of EP4R was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in cancer cells (mean = 2.7 and SD = 2.1) than in normal kidney tissues (1.8 and 1.2). EP4R expression correlated with pT stage, metastasis, and grade. EP2R expression was also associated with metastasis. Expressions of both EP2R and EP4R were found to be significant predictors for cause-specific survival on Kaplan-Meier survival analysis (p = 0.006 and 0.023, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EP2R and EP4R may play important roles in malignant behavior. EP4R in particular was closely associated with pathological features, implicating this receptor as a potential therapeutic target in patients with RCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kojiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tomayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanetake
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000145:classification; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E