title: Etanercept as adjunctive treatment for acute Kawasaki disease: study design and rationale.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Kawasaki disease (KD) is a multisystem vasculitis affecting coronary arteries in children. Patients, refractory to standard treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin and aspirin, show higher rates of coronary artery dilation. Early tumor necrosis factor α receptor antagonism in KD may provide effective adjunctive therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The EATAK trial is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled trial intended to assess the efficacy of etanercept in reducing the intravenous immunoglobulin refractory rate during treatment of acute KD. Each arm will enroll 110 patients who will receive 3 doses of study drug over 2 weeks in conjunction with standard therapy. Coronary artery dilation parameters will serve as secondary end points.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The EATAK trial will test a new paradigm for treatment of acute KD involving tumor necrosis factor α antagonism by etanercept.
authors.affiliation: Seattle Children's Hospital, WA 98101, USA. michael.portman@seattlechildrens.org
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Portman
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Nagib
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dahdah
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
mesh_terms: D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic; D023381:Endpoint Determination; D000068800:Etanercept; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012107:Research Design
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D000068800:Etanercept