title: The effect of lidocaine on the endothelium damage in rabbit vein grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of perivascular and intravenous application of lidocaine on venous endothelial morphology of harvested rabbit vein graft.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted in Gazi University Animal Research Laboratory, Ankara, Turkey in March 2009. Three ear veins of each rabbits (n=6) were used. Control group (Group C, n=6 vessels), vein segment was excised from the distal end. Perivascular group (Group P, n=6); 2 ml lidocaine 1% was injected in the perivascular area of the second vein of the same ear, and the vein segment was excised. Intravascular group (Group I, n=6); the vein in the second ear was clamped and 2 ml of lidocaine 1% was administered intravascular, and 5 minutes later, a 2 cm vein segment was excised. Nitric oxide synthase and thiobarbutiric acid reactive substance levels were measured, and histopathologic examination was performed to assess the effects of lidocaine administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histopathological findings in groups C, P and I were similar. There were lower thiobarbituric reactive substances level in groups I (p=0.024) and P (p=0.041) than the control group. Nitric oxide synthase activity was higher in groups I (p=0.026) and P (p=0.037) when compared to group C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed both perivascular infiltration and intravascular administration could prevent the consequences of endothelium damage that occurs during the harvesting of veins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey. yunal71@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: Oncul
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sema
authors.forename: Demirel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Bekir
authors.forename: Yilmazer
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Demet
authors.forename: Arslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Kavutcu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mustafa
authors.forename: Alper
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murat
authors.forename: Ilvan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gizem
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D014680:Veins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine