title: Coercive forms of sexual risk and associated violence perpetrated by male partners of female adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Partner violence is associated with STDs among female adolescents, but the mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. Sexually coercive and deceptive behaviors of male partners that increase female STD risk may be factors in this relationship.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 356 females aged 14-20 who attended adolescent health clinics in Greater Boston between April and December 2006 were assessed for physical and sexual violence perpetrated by male partners and for exposure to sexual risk factors. Adjusted logistic regression models were used to examine the associations between intimate partner violence and standard sexual risk behaviors (e.g., multiple partnerships) and coercive or deceptive sexual risk factors (e.g., coerced condom nonuse).
  
  
  RESULTS
  More than two-fifths of the sample had experienced intimate partner violence. In adjusted analyses, adolescents reporting intimate partner violence were more likely than others to report standard sexual risk behaviors--multiple partners, anal sex and unprotected anal sex (odds ratios, 1.7-2.2). They also were more likely to report coercive or deceptive sexual risk factors--partner sexual infidelity, fear of requesting condom use, negative consequences of condom request, and coerced condom nonuse (2.9-5.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of intimate partner violence against young women attending adolescent clinics strongly indicates the need to target this population for abuse-related interventions. This need is underlined by the observed association between partner violence and sexual risk involving coercion or deception by male partners. Clinic-based STD and pregnancy prevention efforts should include assessment of sexual risk factors that are beyond the control of young women, particularly for those experiencing abuse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Society, Human Development and Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, USA. jsilverm@hsph.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Jay G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Heather L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: McCauley
authors.forename: Michele R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raj
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001900:Boston; D003068:Coercion; D017280:Condoms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012742:Sex Offenses / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D047568:Unsafe Sex; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D055815:Young Adult