title: Drosophila katanin is a microtubule depolymerase that regulates cortical-microtubule plus-end interactions and cell migration.
abstract: Regulation of microtubule dynamics at the cell cortex is important for cell motility, morphogenesis and division. Here we show that the Drosophila katanin Dm-Kat60 functions to generate a dynamic cortical-microtubule interface in interphase cells. Dm-Kat60 concentrates at the cell cortex of S2 Drosophila cells during interphase, where it suppresses the polymerization of microtubule plus-ends, thereby preventing the formation of aberrantly dense cortical arrays. Dm-Kat60 also localizes at the leading edge of migratory D17 Drosophila cells and negatively regulates multiple parameters of their motility. Finally, in vitro, Dm-Kat60 severs and depolymerizes microtubules from their ends. On the basis of these data, we propose that Dm-Kat60 removes tubulin from microtubule lattice or microtubule ends that contact specific cortical sites to prevent stable and/or lateral attachments. The asymmetric distribution of such an activity could help generate regional variations in microtubule behaviours involved in cell migration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Kyle D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Grode
authors.forename: Shannon F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Stewman
authors.forename: Juan Daniel
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Diaz-Valencia
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liebling
authors.forename: Uttama
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rath
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Riera
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Buster
authors.forename: Ana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Asenjo
authors.forename: Hernando J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Sosa
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Ao
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D022081:Cell Surface Extensions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D000074201:Katanin; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D034622:RNA Interference; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D014404:Tubulin; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D000074201:Katanin