title: Grown up congenital heart disease patient presenting for non cardiac surgery: anaesthetic implications.
abstract: Congenital heart disease patients surviving to adulthood have increased over the years due to various reasons. These patients are admitted in the hospital for non cardiac surgeries and other procedures more often than normal adult population. Management of grown up congenital heart disease patient presents a challenge during perioperative period for cardiologists, surgeons, intensivists and particularly for the anaesthetist. Management issues include psychological and physiological impact on the patient, complexity of defects, presence of previous palliative procedure, impact of anaesthetic agents on shunting and myocardium, endocarditis prophylaxis and associated extra cardiac anamolies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: Mansoor Ahmed
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Mohammad Irfan
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Akhtar
authors.lastname: Hameedullah
authors.lastname: Saleemullah
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.forename: Fazal Hameed
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D019990:Perioperative Care; D059035:Perioperative Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative