title: Modified constraint-induced movement therapy improves fine and gross motor performance of the upper limb in Parkinson disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of modified constraint-induced movement therapy on hand and arm functions in people with Parkinson disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty individuals with Parkinson disease participated in the study. The experimental group (ten subjects) performed modified constraint-induced movement therapy for 4 wks (3 hrs/day, 5 days/wk), whereas the control group performed general upper limb exercises on the same schedule. The outcome measures both pretest and posttest were the box and block test, Fugl-Meyer assessment, and action research arm test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The scores for the box and block test in the experimental group increased from 35.8 ± 2.6 to 44.8 ± 3.4 after training. Total scores for the Fugl-Meyer assessment in the experimental group significantly increased from 33.6 ± 1.5 to 53.7 ± 3.1 after training. Greater improvement in action research arm test scores were observed in the experimental group (from 35.1 ± 4.9 to 50.8 ± 3.6) than in the general exercise group (from 33.1 ± 2.2 to 34.8 ± 2.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modified constraint-induced movement therapy improves fine and gross motor performances of the upper limb in people with Parkinson disease. Therefore, the therapy would be recommended as an effective treatment for them.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Health Science and Social Welfare, Sahmyook University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung-Suk
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wan-Hee
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sujin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*