title: Four cardiac hormones cause death of human cancer cells but not of healthy cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Four cardiac hormones, namely, vessel dilator, long-acting natriuretic peptide, atrial natriuretic peptide and kaliuretic peptide, have anticancer effects but whether they cause cell death of human cancer cells or normal cells is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  These cardiac hormones were examined for their ability to cause cell death quantified by measurement of nuclear matrix proteins 41/7 which is a function of the number of dead or dying cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Each of these cardiac hormones caused cell death in up to 36% (p < 0.0001) of the pancreatic adenocarcinoma cells and up to 28% (p<0.0001) of the prostate cancer cells over a concentration range of 100 pmol/l to 10 μmol/l. There was no cell death of normal human prostate, kidney, or lung cells at the above concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Four cardiac hormones cause death of pancreatic and prostate cancer cells but not of normal prostate, lung, or kidney cells.
authors.affiliation: 1Duke University, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Skelton
authors.forename: Guillermo E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Pi
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Vesely
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D034521:Nuclear Matrix-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C050045:NUMA1 protein, human; D034521:Nuclear Matrix-Associated Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; C075322:atrial natriuretic factor precursor (79-98); C054547:atrial natriuretic factor prohormone (1-30), human; C054548:atrial natriuretic factor prohormone (31-67); D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor