title: Proteomic analysis of chicken embryonic trachea and kidney tissues after infection in ovo by avian infectious bronchitis coronavirus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is one of the most serious diseases of economic importance in chickens; it is caused by the avian infectious coronavirus (IBV). Information remains limited about the comparative protein expression profiles of chicken embryonic tissues in response to IBV infection in ovo. In this study, we analyzed the changes of protein expression in trachea and kidney tissues from chicken embryos, following IBV infection in ovo, using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-TOF MS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  17 differentially expressed proteins from tracheal tissues and 19 differentially expressed proteins from kidney tissues were identified. These proteins mostly related to the cytoskeleton, binding of calcium ions, the stress response, anti-oxidative, and macromolecular metabolism. Some of these altered proteins were confirmed further at the mRNA level using real-time RT-PCR. Moreover, western blotting analysis further confirmed the changes of annexin A5 and HSPB1 during IBV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the best of our knowledge, we have performed the first analysis of the proteomic changes in chicken embryonic trachea and kidney tissues during IBV infection in ovo. The data obtained should facilitate a better understanding of the pathogenesis of IBV infection.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150001, China. swliu@hvri.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Zhongzan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Zongxi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yuhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Heyuan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Xiangang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Shengwang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu