title: From health education to healthy learning: implementing salutogenesis in educational science.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim is to scrutinise the concept of health education (HE) and to broaden the concept of health literacy (HL) towards a lifelong healthy learning concept. HL is a broader concept than HE. This paper dissects both the health and the education concepts, and puts them into the value system of health promotion (HP) of the Ottawa Charter (OC) using the core principles and values of HP, HL, and action competence (AC) in the light of the salutogenesis (SAL). Conceptually the salutogenic model focuses on the direction towards the healthy end of the health continuum. The salutogenic theory, based on resources and comprehensibility, manageability, and meaningfulness, can be integrated into a learning model. People are seen as active and participating subjects shaping their lives through their AC.
  
  
  METHODS
  a combination of an analysis of the values and intentions of health promotion according to the OC combined with the existing evidence on the salutogenic approach to health, stemming from a systematic research synthesis 1992-2003 and an ongoing analysis 2004-2009 by the authors. In addition, the views from a discussion with the participants of a session in the NHPR Conference 2009 are integrated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The similarities and differences between the salutogenesis, the OC and healthy learning were shown in a graph. Integrating the salutogenesis in educational sciences further expands the concepts of HE and HL into healthy learning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the discussions will further develop and strengthen the concept of healthy learning.
authors.affiliation: Nordic School of Public Health, Gothenburg, Sweden, Folkhälsan Research Centre, Helsinki, Finland. bengt.lindstrom@folkhalsan.fi.
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lindström
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksson
mesh_terms: D003210:Concept Formation; D055317:Evidence-Based Practice; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods; D057220:Health Literacy; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008136:Longevity; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011788:Quality of Life; D012106:Research