title: Bubble continuous positive airway pressure in a human immunodeficiency virus-infected infant.
abstract: World Health Organization-classified very severe pneumonia due to Pneumocystis jirovecii infection is recognized as a life-threatening condition in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected infants. We recount the use of nasal bubble continuous positive airway pressure (BCPAP) in an HIV-infected African infant with very severe pneumonia and treatment failure due to suspected infection with P. jirovecii. We also examine the potential implications of BCPAP use in resource-poor settings with a high case index of acute respiratory failure due to HIV-related pneumonia, but limited access to mechanical ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi. ericdmccollum@gmail.com
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: McCollum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Golitko
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D045422:Continuous Positive Airway Pressure / Q000379:methods*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008295:Malawi; D008297:Male; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017211:Treatment Failure