title: Effects of housing system and age of laying hens on egg performance in fresh pasta production: pasta cooking behaviour.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Very few studies concern the effects of layer housing systems and age on egg technological properties. Thus the aim of this work was to study the influence of these two factors on egg performance in fresh pasta production, focusing on pasta cooking behaviour. Samples of pasta subjected to analysis were prepared with eggs laid by Hy-Line Brown hens (from 27 to 68 weeks old) housed in cage, barn and organic systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher average values of weight increase and matter loss during pasta cooking were observed for samples prepared with eggs laid by older hens. Such cooking behaviour indicated the development of a weaker pasta protein network, resulting from a decrease in the quantity of albumen protein and an increase in fat content, which is due to the reduction in albumen/yolk ratio during hen aging. The housing system had a significant effect only on matter loss in cooking water, but differences between samples were so small as to be unlikely perceived by consumers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both hen age and housing system significantly affected pasta cooking behaviour, but the greatest effect was exerted by the hen age.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche (DiSTAM), Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 2, I-20133 Milano, Italy. cristina.alamprese@unimi.it
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alamprese
authors.forename: Ernestina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casiraghi
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D003296:Cooking; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D004530:Egg Yolk; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D006799:Housing, Animal
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins