title: Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a HIV-1-infected population from Southeastern Brazil in the HAART era.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate retrospectively the microbiological profile of Mycobacterium species isolated from HIV-infected patients attending the HIV/TB reference health care units in São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective evaluation of all HIV-1 positive patients whose IAL-SJRP laboratorial analysis was positive for Mycobacterium sp. after diagnosis of HIV Infection, from January 2000 to December 2006.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 198 patients, acid-fast staining detected mycobacteria early in 41%. Culture revealed 52.5% to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT). 42.4% had non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) and 5.1% had MT/NTM positive cultures. Eleven per cent of MT strains were resistant to at least one of the antimycobacterial drugs and 3.1% were multidrug resistant. 39.4% of isolated mycobacteria were NTM species.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data may serve as a starting point for further comparisons with other Brazilian regions and other developing countries. The data may provide important clues to the future understanding, prevention and control of such co-infections around the world.
authors.affiliation: Adolfo Lutz Institute -Regional Laboratory from São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Heloisa S P
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.forename: Maria I F
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Maria R A
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Goloni
authors.forename: Fernanda C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Rosângela S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Maria A B
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: da Rocha
authors.forename: Luciana M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Conceição
authors.forename: Valéria D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Fraga
authors.forename: Juliana C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fenley
authors.forename: Talita
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cordeschi
authors.forename: Ricardo L D
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Andréa R B
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rossit
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications; D055815:Young Adult