title: Detection of specific periodontal microorganisms from bacteraemia samples after periodontal therapy using molecular-based diagnostics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the presence of subgingival pathogens in peripheral blood samples from periodontitis patients before and after scaling and root planing (Sc/RP) using nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 42 patients with severe generalized chronic or aggressive periodontitis. In each patient, four samples of peripheral blood were drawn at different times: immediately before the Sc/RP procedure; immediately after Sc/RP; 15 and 30 min. post-Sc/RP. Blood samples were analysed for bacteraemia with anaerobic culturing and nested PCR, using universal bacterial primers that target the 16S-rRNA gene of most bacteria, subsequently re-amplified with specific primers to Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Tannerella forsythia, Eikenella corrodens, Campylobacter rectus and Prevotella intermedia, using a modified phenol-chloroform method for DNA extraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Presence of specific periodontal pathogens in peripheral blood after treatment was detected in 54.8% of the patients, in 47.6% with anaerobic culturing and in 19% with nested PCR. In 16.6%, the periodontal pathogens were detected before Sc/RP. P. gingivalis and A. actynomicetemcomitans were the pathogens most frequently detected in the bloodstream before and after Sc/RP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nested PCR demonstrated the presence of DNA from periodontal pathogens in blood samples in severe periodontitis patients before, during and after periodontal therapy. The use of these molecular-based techniques may improve the accuracy from the results obtained by haemoculture.
authors.affiliation: Group UIBO (Oral Basic Research Unit), Faculty of Odontology, University of El Bosque, Bogota, Colombia.
authors.forename: Diana Marcela
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: María Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Beltrán
authors.forename: Jaime Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Castellanos
authors.forename: Ignacio
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mayorga-Fayad
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Gloria Inés
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Lafaurie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D010520:Aggressive Periodontitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods; D055113:Chronic Periodontitis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial