title: Measuring quality of life in low-income, Spanish-speaking Puerto Ricans with type 2 diabetes residing in the mainland U.S.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed the psychometric properties of the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) modified for low-income, low-education, Spanish-speaking Puerto Ricans with type 2 diabetes residing in the northeastern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional data from 226 patients were analyzed. Scale modifications included simplification of instructions, question wording and response format, and oral administration. Reliability was assessed with Cronbach's alpha coefficient and internal structure by exploratory factor analysis. Criterion validity was assessed using correlation analysis and linear and logistic regression models assessing the association of the ADDQoL with standardized physical health status, mental health status, depression, and comorbidity indices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two ADDQoL items were dropped. The modified scale had excellent internal consistency and supported the original scale factor structure. Criterion validity results supported the validity of this measure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modified ADDQoL showed psychometric properties that support its use in low-income, Spanish-speaking Puerto Ricans with type 2 diabetes who reside in mainland U.S.
authors.affiliation: Division of Preventive and Behavioral Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Avenue North, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. Stephenie.Lemon@umassmed.edu
authors.forename: Stephenie C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lemon
authors.forename: Milagros C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rosal
authors.forename: Garry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Welch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009511:New England; D011203:Poverty; D011594:Psychometrics; D011647:Puerto Rico / Q000208:ethnology; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D055815:Young Adult