title: CD44v6 coordinates tumor matrix-triggered motility and apoptosis resistance.
abstract: Tumor progression requires a crosstalk with the tumor surrounding, where the tumor matrix plays an essential role. We recently reported that only the matrix delivered by a CD44v6-competent (ASML(wt)), but not that of a CD44v6-deficient (ASML-CD44v(kd)) rat pancreatic adenocarcinoma line supports metastasis formation. We here describe that this matrix provides an important feedback toward the tumor cell and that CD44v6 accounts for orchestrating signals received from the matrix. ASML(wt) cells contain more hyaluronan synthase-3 and secrete higher amounts of >50 kDa HA than ASML-CD44v(kd) cells, which secrete more hyaluronidase. Only the ASML(wt)-matrix supports migration and apoptosis resistance, which both can be initiated via CD44v6, c-Met, and α6β4 ligand binding and proceed via FAK, PI3K/Akt, and MAPK activation, respectively. However, c-Met- and α6β4-initiated signaling are strongly augmented by the association with CD44v6 as only very weak effects are observed in CD44v6-deficient cells. The same CD44v6-dependent convergence of motility- and apoptosis resistance-related signals also accounts for human tumor lines. Thus, CD44v6 promotes motility and apoptosis resistance via its involvement in assembling a matrix that, in turn, triggers activation of signaling cascades, which proceeds, independent of the initiating receptor-ligand interaction, in a concerted action via CD44v6.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Cell Biology, University Hospital of Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Margot
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zöller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076002:Hyaluronan Synthases; D039161:Integrin alpha6beta4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: C112697:CD44v6 antigen; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D039161:Integrin alpha6beta4; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; C105458:HAS3 protein, human; D000076002:Hyaluronan Synthases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; C496050:PTK2 protein, human; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases