title: Antioxidant activity and protective effect of banana peel against oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocyte at different stages of ripening.
abstract: Phytochemicals such as polyphenols and carotenoids are gaining importance because of their contribution to human health and their multiple biological effects such as antioxidant, antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, and cytoprotective activities and their therapeutic properties. Banana peel is a major by-product in pulp industry and it contains various bioactive compounds like polyphenols, carotenoids, and others. In the present study, effect of ripening, solvent polarity on the content of bioactive compounds of crude banana peel and the protective effect of peel extracts of unripe, ripe, and leaky ripe banana fruit on hydrogen peroxide-induced hemolysis and their antioxidant capacity were investigated. Banana (Musa paradisica) peel at different stages of ripening (unripe, ripe, leaky ripe) were treated with 70% acetone, which were partitioned in order of polarity with water, ethyl acetate, chloroform (CHCl₃), and hexane sequentially. The antioxidant activity of the samples was evaluated by the red cell hemolysis assay, free radical scavenging (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical elimination) and superoxide dismutase activities. The Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent assay was used to estimate the phenolic content of extracts. The findings of this investigation suggest that the unripe banana peel sample had higher antioxidant potency than ripe and leaky ripe. Further on fractionation, ethyl acetate and water soluble fractions of unripe peel displayed high antioxidant activity than CHCl₃ and hexane fraction, respectively. A positive correlation between free radical scavenging capacity and the content of phenolic compound were found in unripe, ripe, and leaky ripe stages of banana peel.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Biotechnology, University of Allahabad, Allahabad 211002, India. shanthy_s@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Shanthy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundaram
authors.forename: Shadma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anjum
authors.forename: Priyanka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.forename: Gyanendra Kumar
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Rai
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D028521:Musa / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010851:Picrates / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D059808:Polyphenols; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010636:Phenols; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D012997:Solvents; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid