title: Fate of N-nitrosomorpholine in an anaerobic aquifer used for managed aquifer recharge: a column study.
abstract: The fate of N-nitrosomorpholine (NMOR) was evaluated at microgram and nanogram per litre concentrations. Experiments were undertaken to simulate the passage of groundwater contaminants through a deep anaerobic pyritic aquifer system, as part of a managed aquifer recharge (MAR) strategy. Sorption studies demonstrated the high mobility of NMOR in the Leederville aquifer system, with retardation coefficients between 1.2 and 1.6. Degradation studies from a 351 day column experiment and a 506 day stop-flow column experiment showed an anaerobic biologically induced reductive degradation process which followed first order kinetics. A biological lag-time of less than 3 months and a transient accumulation of morpholine (MOR) were also noted during the degradation. Comparable half-life degradation rates of 40-45 days were observed over three orders of magnitude in concentration (200 ng L(-1) to 650 μg L(-1)). An inhibitory effect on microorganism responsible to the biodegradation of NMOR at 650 μg L(-1) or a threshold effect at 200 ng L(-1) was not observed during these experiments.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO Land and Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pitoi
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Furness
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Bastow
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McKinley
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D009602:Nitrosamines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C002741:N-nitrosomorpholine