title: Combined effects of microwaves, electron beams and polyfunctional monomers on rubber vulcanization.
abstract: This paper presents comparative results obtained by conventional vulcanization with benzoyl peroxide (CV-BP), separate electron beam vulcanization (EB-V) and simultaneous electron beam and microwave vulcanization (EB+MW-V) applied to two kind of rubber samples: EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate) rubber-sample (EVA-sample) and EPDM (ethylene-propylene terpolymer) rubber-sample (EPDM-sample). The EVA-samples contain 61.54% EVA Elvax 260, 30.77% carbon black, 1.85% TAC (triallylcyanurate) polyfunctional monomer and 5.84% filler (zinc oxide, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol and antioxidant). The EPDM-samples contain 61.54% EPDM Nordel 4760, 30.77% carbon black, 1.85% TMPT (trimethylopropane trimethacrylate) polyfunctional monomer and 5.84% filler (zinc oxide, stearic acid, polyethylene glycol and antioxidant). The rubber samples designed for different vulcanization methods were obtained from raw rubber mixtures, as compressed sheets of 2 mm in the polyethylene foils to minimize oxidation. For EB and EB + MW treatments the sheets were cut in rectangular shape 0.15 x 0.15 m2. The physical properties of samples obtained by CV-BP EV-Vand EB + MW-V methods were evaluated by measuring the tearing strength, residual elongation, elongation at break, tensile strength, 300% modulus, 100% modulus, elasticity and hardness. The obtained results demonstrate an improvement of rubber several properties obtained by EB and EB + MW processing as compared to classical procedure using benzoyl peroxide.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Bucharest, Romania. elena.manaila@inflpr.ro
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manaila
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Daniela Zuga
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Stelescu
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Craciun
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ighigeanu
authors.forename: Constantin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matei