title: Symptom resolution after hysterectomy and alternative treatments for chronic pelvic pain: does depression make a difference?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether depression influences treatment outcomes and to identify predictors of symptom resolution among women with chronic pelvic pain (CPP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of 701 women with CPP in the Study of Pelvic Problems, Hysterectomy and Intervention Alternatives prospective cohort study, which included 153 women (22%) with depression. We conducted multivariable analyses to evaluate the influence of depression on pre-/posttreatment differences in symptoms and health-related quality of life and to identify other predictors of symptom improvement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CPP treatments included hysterectomy (9%), other surgical treatments (9%), hormonal medications (50%), narcotic analgesics (47%), physical therapy (12%), and nonprescription medications (93%). Depression predicted lower gains in health perception (P < .05) but not in symptom resolution, sexual functioning, or other aspects of health-related quality of life. Symptom resolution was predicted by hysterectomy (P < .001), entering menopause (P < .001), and pretreatment satisfaction with sex (P = .039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depression does not influence substantially treatment-related gains in CPP symptom resolution and health-related quality of life. Coexisting depression should not delay treatment for CPP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Lee A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Learman
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Gregorich
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schembri
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacoby
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuppermann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016896:Treatment Outcome