title: Histoplasmosis presenting as bilateral adrenal masses: cytomorphological diagnosis of three cases.
abstract: Histoplasmosis is a worldwide infectious disease caused by inhalation of spores of a fungus, called Histoplasma capsulatum.Adrenals can be involved as a part of disseminated infection in immunocompromized patients. However, histoplasmosis presenting primarily as a bilateral adrenal masses in an immunocompetent patient is very unusual and rare. We encountered three such cases in which fine-needle aspiration (FNA) performed under ultrasonographic (USG) guidance from bilateral adrenal masses primarily established the diagnosis. This report emphasizes the importance of considering localized fungal infection as differential diagnoses of mass lesions involving bilateral adrenals even if the patients are immunocompetent, along with the commoner lesions at these sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Arvind
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahuja
authors.forename: Sandeep R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: Venkateshwaran K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Surendra K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Narender
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Shipra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Agarwal
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011860:Radiography, Abdominal; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed