title: Nifedipine synergizes with calcium in activating the calcium sensing receptor, suppressing the expression of thymidylate synthase and survivin and promoting sensitivity to fluorouracil in human colon carcinoma cells.
abstract: We have previously reported that activation of the G protein coupled calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) by extracellular Ca(2+) down-modulates the expression of thymidylate synthase (TS) and survivin and promotes sensitivity to fluorouracil in human colon carcinoma cells. Here, we report for the first time that the cardiac drug nifedipine acted synergistically with Ca(2+) in CaSR activation and in the induction of intracellular Ca(2+). Nifedipine in combination with Ca(2+) significantly down-modulated the expression of TS and survivin and promoted sensitivity to 5-FU above and beyond the level achievable with Ca(2+) alone. Nifedipine by itself, however, had no effect on the suppression of TS or survivin or sensitivity to 5-FU. The action of Ca(2+) or in combination with nifedipine was entirely CaSR dependent as the aforementioned effects did not occur in CaSR knocked down cells. siRNAs targeting TS or survivin or both could mimic the effect of CaSR activation in promoting sensitivity to 5-FU. We conclude that nifedipine acts in synergy with Ca(2+) in activating CaSR and in promoting sensitivity to 5-FU by down modulating the expression of TS and survivin. G-protein coupled CaSR has the potential of serving as a target for improving therapeutic outcome in colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Simmons Cancer Institute, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62794-9677, USA.
authors.forename: Guangming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Premkumar
authors.forename: Subhas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakrabarty
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D055785:Gene Knockdown Techniques; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077022:Survivin; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D000077022:Survivin; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D009543:Nifedipine; D002118:Calcium; D005472:Fluorouracil