title: BMP signaling in congenital heart disease: new developments and future directions.
abstract: Congenital heart malformations are the most common of all congenital human birth anomalies. During the past decade, research with zebrafish, chick, and mouse models have elucidated many fundamental genetic pathways that govern early cardiac patterning and differentiation. This review highlights the roles of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway in cardiogenesis and how defective BMP signals can disrupt the intricate steps of cardiac formation and cause congenital heart defects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M System Health Science Center, 2121 W. Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Stephanie B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins