title: Home-based exercise for middle-aged Chinese at diabetic risk: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate short- (3 months) and long-term (9 months) effects of home-based exercise on adiponectin, exercise behavior and metabolic risk factors in middle-aged adults at diabetic risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty-five middle-aged adults (38 men, 97 women) with at least one diabetic risk factor were randomly assigned to either a home-based exercise group (Ex-group) or a usual care group (C-group). Outcome measures included plasma adiponectin, exercise self-efficacy, physical activity, and metabolic risk factors, as follows: insulin levels, insulin resistance by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR), physical fitness, and components of metabolic syndrome. This study was conducted in metropolitan Taipei from 2004 to 2005.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Ex-group had improvements in exercise self-efficacy (+2.5, p = 0.01), body mass index (BMI) (-0.6 kg/m2, p < 0.001) and flexibility (+2.4 cm, p < 0.001) at 3-month follow-up and maintained BMI and flexibility at 9-month follow-up. The Ex-group exhibited significantly increased physical activity while the C-group exhibited decreased physical activity at 9-month follow-up (p < 0.001). No intervention effect was found on adiponectin (p = 0.64) or other outcome measures over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Home-based exercise did not improve adiponectin levels, but significantly improved exercise behavior, and certain metabolic risk factors, with the effects maintained for 9-months in subjects with type 2 diabetic risk.
authors.affiliation: School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ying-Tai
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chueh-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Chiao-Nan
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lee-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011446:Prospective Studies; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin