title: Temporal trends of polybrominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane in Swedish Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinus) eggs.
abstract: A temporal trend study of brominated flame retardants in eggs from peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus peregrinus), a terrestrial bird of prey, is presented. Eggs collected between 1974 and 2007 were analyzed for the major constituents of the Penta-, Octa- and Decabromodiphenyl ether technical products (BDE-47, -99, -100, -153, -183 and -209), and hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD). Concentrations of BDE-99, -100, -153, -183, -209 and HBCD increased from 1974 to 2000. After the early 2000s, BDE-99, -100, -153 and -183 concentrations decreased, whereas BDE-209 and HBCD concentrations continued to increase. No temporal trend was detected for BDE-47. Rates of increase also differed, with BDE-99 and -100 increasing 3-fold between the 1980s and mid-1990s, and BDE-153 and -183 increasing approximately 10-fold during the same period. The average yearly increase was 15% and 11% for BDE-209 and HBCD, respectively, based on log-linear regression trends. There is a change in BDE congener patterns over time, with a shift from the predominance of BDE-99 and -47 until the late 1980s, to BDE-153 becoming the predominant congener later on. BFR temporal trends in Swedish peregrine falcon eggs reflect European BFR usage patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Environmental Science (ITM), Stockholm University, SE-106 91, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna-Karin
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sellström
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lindberg
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bignert
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: de Wit
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D046093:Falconiformes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000378:metabolism*; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers / Q000378:metabolism*; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000378:metabolism*; D010063:Ovum / Q000378:metabolism*; D013548:Sweden
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C089796:hexabromocyclododecane; C010902:decabromobiphenyl ether