title: The comparison of the effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam sedation on electroencephalography in pediatric patients with febrile convulsion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When electroencephalogram (EEG) activity is recorded for diagnostic purposes, the effects of sedative drugs on EEG activity should be minimal. This study compares the sedative efficacy and EEG effects of dexmedetomidine and midazolam.
  
  
  METHODS
  EEG recordings of 60 pediatric subjects with a history of simple febrile convulsions were performed during physiologic sleep. All of these patients required sedation to obtain follow-up (control) EEGs. Subjects in Group D received 0.5 μg·kg(-1) of dexmedetomidine, and those in Group M received 0.1 mg·kg(-1) of midazolam. For rescue sedation, the same doses were repeated to maintain a Ramsey sedation score level of between 4 and 6.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean doses that were required for sedation were 0.76 μg·kg(-1) of dexmedetomidine and 0.38 mg·kg(-1) of midazolam. Diastolic blood pressure and HR were lower in Group D than in Group M (P < 0.05). Hypoxia was observed in 11 (36.7%) subjects in Group M and none in Group D; this was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Frontal and parieto-occipital (PO) EEG frequencies were similar during physiologic sleep and dexmedetomidine sedation. However, EEG frequencies in these areas (P < 0.001) and PO EEG amplitude (P = 0.030) were greater during midazolam sedation than during physiologic sleep.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dexmedetomidine is a suitable agent to provide sedation for EEG recording in children. There is less change in EEG peak frequency and amplitude after dexmedetomidine than after midazolam sedation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey. raksu@erciyes.edu.tr
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aksu
authors.forename: Sefer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumandas
authors.forename: Aynur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.forename: Cihangir
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bicer
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gümüş
authors.forename: Gülen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Güler
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Per
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bayram
authors.forename: Adem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boyaci
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003294:Seizures, Febrile / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D008874:Midazolam