title: Chitosan nanoparticles as a dual growth factor delivery system for tissue engineering applications.
abstract: Growth factors are essential in cellular signaling for migration, proliferation, differentiation and maturation. Sustainable delivery of therapeutic as well as functional proteins is largely required in the pharmacological and regenerative medicine. Here we have prepared chitosan nanoparticles (CNP) and incorporated growth factors such as epidermal growth factor (EGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF), either individually or in combination, which could ultimately be impregnated into engineered tissue construct. CNP was characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Zeta sizer and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The particles were in the size range of 50-100 nm with round and flat shape. The release kinetics of both EGF and FGF incorporated CNP showed the release of growth factors in a sustained manner. Growth factors incorporated nanoparticles did not show any toxicity against fibroblasts up to 4 mg/ml culture medium. Increased proliferation of fibroblasts in vitro evidenced the delivery of growth factors from CNP for cellular signaling. Western blotting results also revealed the poor inflammatory response showing less expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 and TNFα in the macrophage cell line J774 A-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Central Leather Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research), Adyar, Chennai 20, Tamil Nadu, India.
authors.forename: Merlin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rajam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pulavendran
authors.forename: Chellan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mandal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D053758:Nanoparticles; D010316:Particle Size; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D048271:Chitosan