title: Aneuploidy and tumorigenesis.
abstract: Aneuploidy is a prominent phenotype of cancer. It refers to deviations from the normal number of chromosomes in a cell, as a result of whole-chromosome loss or gain. In most cases, aneuploidy is caused by mitotic errors due to defects in the mechanisms that have evolved to ensure faithful chromosome segregation, such as the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC). The observation that SAC-deficient mice are tumor prone demonstrates that this checkpoint is important in suppressing tumor formation and suggests that aneuploidy can induce tumorigenesis. In this review, we will summarize our current knowledge about the cause of aneuploidy and discuss the cellular response to aneuploidy in the context of tumorigenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, United States.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Pumin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018385:Centrosome; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D018386:Kinetochores; D059566:M Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097722:Cohesins
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000097722:Cohesins