title: Similar cellular proliferation activities in nasal polyps and adjacent inferior turbinate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasal polyps (NP) are regulated by proinflammatory transcription factors such as activator protein-1 (AP-1), which comprises members of the proto-oncogene Jun and Fos protein families. The binding of AP-1 proteins to the 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-response element can activate target genes and regulate many critical cellular processes. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) gene contains AP-1 sites, and its expression is regulated by AP-1 activity. In this study, NP and inferior turbinate (IT) were evaluated, compared with normal mucosa, to see if diffuse inflammation and active cellular proliferation exist.
  
  
  METHODS
  A diseased group of 20 subjects and control group of 20 subjects were enrolled in this study. NP and IT were evaluated with expression of phospho-c-Jun, c-Fos, PCNA, major basic protein by immunohistochemistry, and eosinophil numbers by cell counts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of phospho-c-Jun, c-Fos, PCNA, major basic protein, and eosinophil numbers showed no significant difference in IT and NP of the same patients, but all were significantly higher in IT and NP compared with normal mucosa (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our result demonstrated strong evidence that diffuse mucosal inflammation and active cellular proliferation do exist in rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis. As the degree of the disease severity increases, the difference of eosinophilic infiltration and cellular proliferation activity between NP and its adjacent mucosa decreases. An integrated anti-inflammatory treatment may be more important than surgical intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chia-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ta-Jen
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Po-Hung
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Chi-Neu
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Yun-Shien
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chia-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Chi-Che
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D047093:Eosinophil Major Basic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000378:metabolism*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000378:metabolism; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014420:Turbinates / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D047093:Eosinophil Major Basic Protein