title: Dietary supplementation of grape skin extract improves glycemia and inflammation in diet-induced obese mice fed a Western high fat diet.
abstract: Dietary antioxidants may provide a cost-effective strategy to promote health in obesity by targeting oxidative stress and inflammation. We recently found that the antioxidant-rich grape skin extract (GSE) also exerts a novel anti-hyperglycemic activity. This study investigated whether 3-month GSE supplementation can improve oxidative stress, inflammation, and hyperglycemia associated with a Western diet-induced obesity. Young diet-induced obese (DIO) mice were randomly divided to three treatment groups (n = 12): a standard diet (S group), a Western high fat diet (W group), and the Western diet plus GSE (2.4 g GSE/kg diet, WGSE group). By week 12, DIO mice in the WGSE group gained significantly more weight (24.6 g) than the W (20.2 g) and S groups (11.2 g); the high fat diet groups gained 80% more weight than the standard diet group. Eight of 12 mice in the W group, compared to only 1 of 12 mice in the WGSE group, had fasting blood glucose levels above 140 mg/dL. Mice in the WGSE group also had 21% lower fasting blood glucose and 17.1% lower C-reactive protein levels than mice in the W group (P < 0.05). However, the GSE supplementation did not affect oxidative stress in diet-induced obesity as determined by plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and liver lipid peroxidation. Collectively, the results indicated a beneficial role of GSE supplementation for improving glycemic control and inflammation in diet-induced obesity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States.
authors.forename: Shelly
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: Corene
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canning
authors.forename: Shi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Xiuxiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Hoda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kadouh
authors.forename: Kequan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts