title: Maternal characteristics predicting young girls' disruptive behavior.
abstract: Little is known about the relative predictive utility of maternal characteristics and parenting skills on the development of girls' disruptive behavior. The current study used five waves of parent- and child-report data from the ongoing Pittsburgh Girls Study to examine these relationships in a sample of 1,942 girls from age 7 to 12 years. Multivariate generalized estimating equation analyses indicated that European American race, mother's prenatal nicotine use, maternal depression, maternal conduct problems prior to age 15, and low maternal warmth explained unique variance. Maladaptive parenting partly mediated the effects of maternal depression and maternal conduct problems. Both current and early maternal risk factors have an impact on young girls' disruptive behavior, providing support for the timing and focus of the prevention of girls' disruptive behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Curium-Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands. e.van_der_molen@curium.nl
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van der Molen
authors.forename: Alison E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hipwell
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vermeiren
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loeber
mesh_terms: D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine