title: Identification of Enterococcus faecalis bacteria resistant to heavy metals and antibiotics in surface waters of the Mololoa River in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico.
abstract: Heavy metal and antibiotic resistance have been shown to have a strong correlation in nature, and their inter-relation is an important subject of study. We report an analysis of surface waters of the Mololoa River in the municipality of Tepic, state of Nayarit, Mexico. This river has two distinctive sources of contamination: sewage waters and trash confinements. Our findings demonstrate a correlation between the river flow pattern and resistance to heavy metals or to heavy metals and antibiotics in isolated bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, specifically Enterococcus faecalis. The Mololoa River provides a model to study the relationship between water flow and generation of biodiversity, and more importantly, it constitutes a model for studying genetic diversity of bacteria affecting human health.
authors.affiliation: Unidad Académica de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Autónoma de Nayarit, Ciudad de Cultura Amado Nervo, Tepic, Nayarit, CP 63155, México. veronicam@nayar.uan.mx
authors.forename: Verónica Alejandra
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Mondragón
authors.forename: Dámaris F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Llamas-Pérez
authors.forename: Gladis E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: González-Guzmán
authors.forename: Antonio R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Márquez-González
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Padilla-Noriega
authors.forename: Ma de Jesús
authors.initials: Mde J
authors.lastname: Durán-Avelar
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000633:toxicity*; D008800:Mexico; D045483:Rivers / Q000382:microbiology; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019216:Metals, Heavy