title: The establishment of a sensitive method in determining different neurotransmitters simultaneously in rat brains by using liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: An effective way to determine the amount of different neurotransmitters is vital to the study of brain function. Here, a highly sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to simultaneously measure γ-aminobutyric acid, dopamine, epinephrine, norepinepherine, glutamate and serotonin in one sample. The quantification of the neurotransmitters was achieved by a tandem mass spectrometer using the selected reaction monitoring scan mode. The method validation included selectivity, linearity, accuracy, precision, stability, recovery and matrix effect. For the six neurotransmitters, the linear regression analysis was calibrated by deuterated internal standards with a R(2) of over 0.991, and the limit of detection (LOD) and the limit of quantification (LOQ) were from 2.5 to 500 pg/mg and 7.5 to 1000 pg/mg, respectively. This method was employed here to reveal different types and amounts of neurotransmitters simultaneously in adult and embryonic rat brains. Here, the change of dopamine concentration in embryonic and adult brain was from 0.071 to 0.760 ng/mg of brain tissue, GABA was from 207.643 to 445.148 ng/mg, glutamate was from 679.535 to 1408.920 ng/mg, serotonin was from 0.058 to 0.485 ng/mg and norepinepherine was from 0.054 to 0.290 ng/mg. For epinephrine, it was only detected in embryonic stage but not in adult, with the concentration at 0.241 ng/mg.
authors.affiliation: Section of Marine Ecology and Biotechnology, Division of Life Science, and Center for Chinese Medicine, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay Road, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Kevin Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: K Wing
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Zack C F
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Roy C Y
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Karl W K
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Tsim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004355:Drug Stability; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012701:Serotonin / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D012701:Serotonin; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine