title: Acceleration of regeneration of mucosa in small intestine damaged by ionizing radiation using anabolic steroids.
abstract: Damage to intestine is a serious problem after accidental radiation exposure. To examine substances to ameliorate damage by postirradiation administration, we focused on the regeneration process after irradiation of the intestine. Using experimental systems, the effects of clinically used sex hormones on regeneration were compared. An anabolic steroid, nandrolone (19-nortestosterone), stimulated proliferation in IEC-6 epithelial cells. A single injection of 19-nortestosterone ester with prolonged action into mice 24 h after abdominal irradiation at a lethal dose of 15.7 Gy showed significant life-saving effects. Regeneration indicators such as microcolonies of BrdU-incorporated cells at day 5 and c-myb mRNA expression levels at day 4 were enhanced by 19-nortestosterone administration. In contrast, high concentrations of estradiol inhibited growth of IEC-6 cells. Treatment of abdominally irradiated mice with estradiol ester decreased levels of regeneration indicators and survival. These results suggest the effectiveness of the anabolic steroid as well as the importance of manipulation of steroid receptors in the recovery of mucosa damaged by radiation.
authors.affiliation: Medical Treatment for High Dose Exposure Research Group, Research Center for Radiation Emergency Medicine, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, Chiba, Japan. ishihara@nirs.go.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yakumaru
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokochi
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurematsu
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Misao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hachiya
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akashi
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000166:cytology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013256:Steroids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D013256:Steroids