title: Pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous fentanyl in Greyhounds.
abstract: The purpose of the study was to describe the pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous fentanyl (15μg/kg) in six healthy Greyhound dogs. Fentanyl plasma concentrations were determined by a liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry method. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was used. Fentanyl was rapidly absorbed with a mean peak concentration (C(MAX)) of 3.56ng/mL at 0.24h. The mean terminal half-life, volume of distribution per bioavailability, and clearance per bioavailability were 2.97h, 7.09L/kg, 27.60mL/min/kg, respectively. Pain occurred on injection in all six dogs, but addition of 8.4% sodium bicarbonate (1mL per 20mL fentanyl) resulted in no pain on injection in 3/3 dogs but similar C(MAX) values. The subcutaneous route may be an alternative route of fentanyl administration if intravenous administration is not practical.
authors.affiliation: Kansas State University, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, 228 Coles Hall, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA. Electronic address: kukanich@ksu.edu.
authors.forename: Butch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: KuKanich
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000662:veterinary; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000662:veterinary; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D005283:Fentanyl