title: Signal pathway of hippocampal apoptosis and cognitive impairment of mice caused by cerium chloride.
abstract: Experimental studies have demonstrated that lanthanides could impair cognitive functions of children and animals, but very little is known about the hippocampal apoptosis and its molecular mechanism. The study investigated the signal pathway of hippocampal apoptosis induced by intragastric administration of CeCl(3) for 60 consecutive days. It showed that cerium had been significantly accumulated in the mouse hippocampus, and CeCl(3) caused hippocampal apoptosis and impairment of spatial recognition memory of mice. CeCl(3) effectively activated caspase-3 and -9, inhibited Bcl-2, and increased the levels of Bax and cytochrome c, promoted accumulation of reactive oxygen species in the mouse hippocampus. It implied that CeCl(3)-induced apoptosis in the mouse hippocampus could be triggered via mitochondrion-mediated pathway. Our findings suggest the need for great caution to handle the lanthanides for workers and consumers.
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Renping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yaling
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Xiaolan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fashui
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000378:metabolism; D053453:Caspase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D002563:Cerium / Q000633:toxicity*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C052617:Bcl2 protein, mouse; D002563:Cerium; D045304:Cytochromes c; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse; C505526:Casp8 protein, mouse; C506434:Casp9 protein, mouse; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; C026690:cerous chloride