title: [Case-control study on environmental factors in congenital heart disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relation between environmental factors and the occurrence of congenital heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Mothers of 123 patients with congenital heart disease and 246 normal newborns were interviewed with standardized questionnaires. Chi-square test and logistic regression models were performed to analyze the influencing factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As shown in multivariable logistic model, gravida with occupational exposure (OR=4.10), or gravida with chronic diseases during progestational pregnancy (OR=5.95), gravida with abnormal childbearing history (OR=6.27), and gravida catching a cold in the early stage of pregnancy (OR=2.07) would increase the risk of CHD. On the contrary, eating meat, egg (OR=0.18) and milk (OR=0.23), and taking multivitamin and microelement (OR=0.35) during the pregnancy reduced the risk of CHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk of the offspring developing CHD is associated with gravida's exposure to many environmental factors during pregnancy. It is time to strengthen the intervention measures to reduce the occurrence of CHD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Central South University, and Department of Health Care, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Hunan Province, Changsha 410078, China.
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Jiayou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Qiyun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Zhiyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016015:Logistic Models; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires