title: In vivo molecular targeting effects of anti-Sp17- ICG-Der-02 on hepatocellular carcinoma evaluated by an optical imaging system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As the expression of human sperm protein 17 (Sp17) in normal tissue is limited and the function is obscure, its aberrant expression in malignant tumors makes it to be a candidated molecular marker for tumor imaging diagnosis and targeting therapy of the diseases.The aim of this research is to evaluate the targeting effects of anti-sperm protein 17 monoclonal antibody (anti-Sp17) on cancer in vivo and investigate its usefulness as a reagent for molecular imaging diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was used to identify the expression of Sp17 in a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line and tumor xenograft specimens. A near infrared fluorescence dye, ICG-Der-02, was covalently linked to anti-Sp17 for in vivo imaging. The immuno-activity of the anti-Sp17-ICG-Der-02 complex was tested in vitro by ELISA; it was then injected into tumor-bearing nude mice through the caudal vein to evaluate its tumor targeting effect by near infrared imaging system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of Sp17 on the surface of the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line SMMC-7721 was demonstrated. Anti-Sp17-ICG-Der-02 with immuno-activity was successfully synthesized. The immuno-activity and photo stability of anti-Sp17- ICG-Der-02 showed good targeting capability for Sp17 expressing tumor models (SMMC-7721) in vivo, and its accumulation in the tumor lasted for at least 7 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-Sp17 antibody targeted and accumulated in Sp17 positive tumors in vivo, which demonstrated its capability of serving as a diagnostic reagent.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Institute of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China. njlifq@163.com
authors.forename: Fang-qiu
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shi-xin
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lian-xiao
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Yue-qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C090172:SPA17 protein, human