title: Lidocaine spray in addition to paracervical block reduces pain during first-trimester surgical abortion: a placebo-controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A variety of anesthetic and analgesic techniques have been used for uterine aspiration, and most clinicians use a paracervical block with or without additional analgesia. We intended to evaluate whether the addition of 10% lidocaine spray to a paracervical block decreases pain during cervical dilation and uterine aspiration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-seven patients were divided into two groups: paracervical blocks (PCB) (n = 30) and PCB plus 10% lidocaine spray (n = 47). Anticipated and overall perceived pain scores were measured with a standard Visual Analog Scale (VAS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anticipated pain VAS scores of two groups were similar, however overall perceived pain VAS scores demonstrated a significant difference. PCB with Lidocaine only group had 6.56 ± 1.43 cm mean VAS score, whereas lidocaine plus lidocaine spray group had 2.35 ± 1.39 cm, the difference being statistically significant (p < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that 10% lidocaine spray safely decreases perceived pain during first-trimester surgical abortion, when used in addition to PCB with lidocaine HCl.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara 06018, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kazim Emre
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Karasahin
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alanbay
authors.forename: C Mutlu
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ercan
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mesten
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simsek
authors.forename: Iskender
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Başer
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011446:Prospective Studies; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine