title: Anti-obesity effects of Lysimachia foenum-graecum characterized by decreased adipogenesis and regulated lipid metabolism.
abstract: Lysimachia foenum-graecum has been used as an oriental medicine with anti-inflammatory effect. The anti-obesity effect of L. foenum-graecum extract (LFE) was first discovered in our screening of natural product extract library against adipogenesis. To characterize its anti-obesity effects and to evaluate its potential as an anti-obesity drug, we performed various obesity-related experiments in vitro and in vivo. In adipogenesis assay, LFE blocked the differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 of 2.5 μg/ml. In addition, LFE suppressed the expression of lipogenic genes, while increasing the expression of lipolytic genes in vitro at 10 μg/ml and in vivo at 100 mg/kg/day. The anti-adipogenic and anti-lipogenic effect of LFE seems to be mediated by the inhibition of PPARγ and C/EBPα expression as shown in in vitro and in vivo, and the suppression of PPARγ activity in vitro. Moreover, LFE stimulated fatty acid oxidation in an AMPK-dependent manner. In high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice (n = 8/group), oral administration of LFE at 30, 100, and 300 mg/kg/day decreased total body weight gain significantly in all doses tested. No difference in food intake was observed between vehicle- and LFE-treated HFD mice. The weight of white adipose tissues including abdominal subcutaneous, epididymal, and perirenal adipose tissue was reduced markedly in LFE-treated HFD mice in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment of LFE also greatly improved serum levels of obesity-related biomarkers such as glucose, triglycerides, and adipocytokines leptin, adiponectin, and resistin. All together, these results showed anti-obesity effects of LFE on adipogenesis and lipid metabolism in vitro and in vivo and raised a possibility of developing LFE as anti-obesity therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: R&D Center, BRN Science Co., Ltd., Biotechnology Incubating Center, Golden Helix, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Bae
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Sung Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Hyun Woo
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Sang Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Sun Mi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jae Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Wook
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jae Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Seung
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Seen
authors.forename: Jae-Yeon
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Tae Gyu
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D050156:Adipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D052436:Adipose Tissue, White; D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008055:Lipids; D050155:Lipogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D029623:Primulaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D022763:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-alpha; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D010936:Plant Extracts