title: The effectiveness of ultrabrief and brief educational videos for training lay responders in hands-only cardiopulmonary resuscitation: implications for the future of citizen cardiopulmonary resuscitation training.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) improves survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) but often is not performed. We hypothesized that subjects viewing very short Hands-Only CPR videos will (1) be more likely to attempt CPR in a simulated OHCA scenario and (2) demonstrate better CPR skills than untrained individuals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study is a prospective trial of 336 adults without recent CPR training randomized into 4 groups: (1) control (no training) (n=51); (2) 60-second video training (n=95); (3) 5-minute video training (n=99); and (4) 8-minute video training, including manikin practice (n=91). All subjects were tested for their ability to perform CPR during an adult OHCA scenario using a CPR-sensing manikin and Laerdal PC SkillReporting software. One half of the trained subjects were randomly assigned to testing immediately and the other half after a 2-month delay. Twelve (23.5%) controls did not even attempt CPR, which was true of only 2 subjects (0.7%; P=0.01) from any of the experimental groups. All experimental groups had significantly higher average compression rates (closer to the recommended 100/min) than the control group (P<0.001), and all experimental groups had significantly greater average compression depth (>38 mm) than the control group (P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laypersons exposed to very short Hands-Only CPR videos are more likely to attempt CPR and show superior CPR skills than untrained laypersons. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01191736.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine and Resuscitation Science Center, Maricopa Medical Center, Phoenix, AZ 85008, USA. bobrowb@azdhs.gov
authors.forename: Bentley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Bobrow
authors.forename: Tyler F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Vadeboncoeur
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Spaite
authors.forename: Jerald
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Potts
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Denninghoff
authors.forename: Vatsal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chikani
authors.forename: Paula R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Brazil
authors.forename: Bob
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramsey
authors.forename: Benjamin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Abella
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D003256:Community Participation / Q000639:trends*; D004493:Education / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008348:Manikins; D016743:Mental Competency; D008875:Middle Aged; D058687:Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest / Q000628:therapy*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods; D014743:Videotape Recording