title: HIV prevalence and risk among heterosexual methamphetamine injectors in California.
abstract: This study funded by Centers for Disease Control compares HIV prevalence and risk behavior among heterosexual methamphetamine (n = 428) and nonmethamphetamine (n = 878) injectors in California, USA, during 2001-2003. While HIV was not highly prevalent among methamphetamine injectors (3%), sexual and injection risk behaviors were highly prevalent (ranging from 21% to 72%). In multivariate analyses, methamphetamine injectors had higher odds than nonmethamphetamine injectors of unprotected vaginal intercourse and sex with five or more sexual partners in the past 6 months and of distributive and receptive syringe sharing in the past 30 days. There was no significant difference in HIV sero-status by methamphetamine use. Suggestions are made for designing HIV prevention programs. The study's limitations are noted.
authors.affiliation: RTI International, San Francisco, California 94104, USA. akral@rti.org
authors.forename: Alex H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kral
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lorvick
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Megan A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: W Alexander
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: Ricky N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Bluthenthal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D020010:Heterosexuality; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous; D047568:Unsafe Sex / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D008694:Methamphetamine