title: Enhancement of cyclophosphamide-induced antitumor effect by a novel polysaccharide from Ganoderma atrum in sarcoma 180-bearing mice.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the enhancement of Ganoderma atrum polysaccharide (PSG-1) on cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced antitumor effect in sarcoma 180 (S-180)-bearing mice. Results showed that both CTX and PSG-1 delayed tumor growth and resulted in tumor apoptosis. The combined regimen was superior to either modality alone. Moreover, the combined treatment-induced apoptosis was mediated via mitochondrial pathway, as evidenced by alterations of Bcl-2 family proteins, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ(m)), cytochrome c release, and caspases activation. Our results also showed that thymus and spleen indexes, lymphocytes proliferation, and concentrations of cytokine in the CTX group were decreased, which were alleviated by PSG-1. Additionally, the combined treatment ameliorated oxidative stress as compared with CTX alone. Taken together, we conclude that PSG-1 improved the antitumor effect of CTX, possibly in part mediated by enhancing the induction of apoptosis via mitochondrial pathways, activating host immune function, and modifying the redox system in S-180-bearing mice.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.
authors.forename: Wenjuan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shaoping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yuanxing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Mingyong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012513:Sarcoma, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011134:Polysaccharides; D003520:Cyclophosphamide