title: A chemometric approach to the evaluation of atmospheric and fluvial pollutant inputs in aquatic systems: the Guadalquivir River estuary as a case study.
abstract: To establish the quality of waters it is necessary to identify both point and non-point pollution sources. In this work, we propose the combination of clean analytical methodologies and chemometric tools to study discrete and diffuse pollution caused in a river by tributaries and precipitations, respectively. During a two-year period, water samples were taken in the Guadalquivir river (selected as a case study) and its main tributaries before and after precipitations. Samples were characterized by analysing nutrients, pH, dissolved oxygen, total and volatile suspended solids, carbon species, and heavy metals. Results were used to estimate fluvial and atmospheric inputs and as tracers for anthropic activities. Multivariate analysis was used to estimate the background pollution, and to identify pollution inputs. Principal Component Analysis and Cluster Analysis were used as data exploratory tools, while box-whiskers plots and Linear Discriminant Analysis were used to analyse and distinguish the different types of water samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, University of Cádiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: López-López
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Vargas
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic / Q000032:analysis; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D055868:Floods; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D011891:Rain; D045483:Rivers; D013030:Spain; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014876:Water Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D017554:Carbon Compounds, Inorganic; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen