title: Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernia repairs performed by supervised surgical trainees.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Long-term outcomes of laparoscopic totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repairs performed by supervised surgical trainees are absent.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of TEP inguinal hernioplasties performed by trainees at our institution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1995 to 2009, a total of 1,479 inguinal hernia repairs on 976 patients were performed by supervised surgical trainees. The mean patient age was 54 years (range 5-86). Men (97%), direct defects (51%), and bilateral repairs (52%) predominated. Recurrent hernias compromised 17%. Four (.4%) patients were converted to open surgery because of scarring. Postoperative complications consisted of urinary retention (8%), seroma (3%), and hematoma (2%). Trainee participation included interns (46%), PGY-2s (10%), PGY-3s (2%), PGY-4s (3%), and PGY-5s (39%). With a mean follow-up of 6.1 years, recurrence and bothersome groin pain rates were 2.6% and 1.5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With adequate supervision, surgical trainees can safely perform the TEP repair with good long-term outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zendejas
authors.forename: Edwin O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Onkendi
authors.forename: Rushin D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brahmbhatt
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lohse
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Greenlee
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Farley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006119:Groin; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D059032:Learning Curve; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome