title: Enhancing witness memory with techniques derived from hypnotic investigative interviewing: focused meditation, eye-closure, and context reinstatement.
abstract: Due to several well-documented problems, hypnosis as a forensic interviewing tool has been largely replaced by the cognitive interview; however, the latter is problematic in time and complexity. This article builds on previous research showing that some procedures used in traditional hypnotic forensic interviewing might still be useful in developing alternative procedures for use in investigative interviewing. Two experiments are described that include a focused meditation with eye-closure technique with similarities to conventional hypnotic induction but without the label of hypnosis. In the first, focused meditation was comparable to a context reinstatement, or revivification, technique in facilitating memory in children aged 6 to 7 without increasing errors or inflating confidence. In the second, when used in combination with context reinstatement, focused meditation was resistant to the effects of misleading information in adults. Implications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Eleanor Rathbone Building, Bedford Street South, Liverpool, UK. gwf@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Graham F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Wagstaff
authors.forename: Jacqueline M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wheatcroft
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Caddick
authors.forename: Lara J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lamont
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D019122:Meditation / Q000379:methods*; D008568:Memory; D011939:Mental Recall; D055815:Young Adult