title: Parenchyma-wise technique for the harvest and implantation of hepatic segment 2-3 grafts: Anatomic basis and surgical steps.
abstract: We propose a technique for pediatric liver transplantation that does not waste the donor's parenchyma. Organ shortage has extended criteria for donor acceptance, such that even individuals with livers of suboptimal volume can donate their segment 2-3. By incorporating wise use of parenchyma, our proposed technique for harvesting segment 2-3 for implantation in a pediatric recipient benefits these and other donors, and it might increase donations. This is especially important in countries in which procurement of organs from the deceased is not allowed. Our technique also aims to solve the problem of the large-for-size syndrome for neonates and extremely small infants and to allow for primary closure of the abdomen. This technique enables harvest of the following four grafts: (1) complete segment 2-3; (2) reduced segment 2-3; (3) complete segment 3; and (4) reduced segment 3. The surgeon will select the type that has suitable graft-to-recipient weight ratio and that suits the donor's liver anatomy and volume. These four types benefit the donor by preserving the parenchyma of segment 4 and the left part of the caudate lobe. The three graft types other than the complete segment 2-3 graft will also preserve varying fractions of the parenchyma of segment 2-3. The technique for complete segment 2-3 graft can be put into practice immediately; the techniques for the other three grafts need an imaging modality to preoperatively delineate the donor's fourth-order bile ducts. We expect to correct this deficiency in the near future by developing the requisite imaging technique.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Surgical Anatomy and Technique, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. dr_ramadan2008@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ramadan M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: El Gharbawy
authors.forename: Lee J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Skandalakis
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Heffron
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Skandalakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*