title: Lipid peroxidation of poly-unsaturated fatty acids in normal and obese adipose tissues.
abstract: Adipose tissues function as the primary storage compartment of fatty acids and as an endocrine organ that affects peripheral tissues. Many of adipose tissue-derived factors, often termed adipokines, have been discovered in recent years. The synthesis and secretion of these factors vary in different depots of adipose tissues. Excessive lipid accumulation in adipocytes induces inflammatory processes by up-regulating the expression and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, activated macrophages in the obese adipose tissue release inflammatory cytokines. Adipose tissue inflammation has also been linked to an enhanced metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). The non-enzymatic peroxidation of PUFAs and of their 12/15-lipoxygenase-derived hydroperoxy metabolites leads to the generation of the reactive aldehyde species 4-hydroxyalkenals. This review shows that 4-hydroxyalkenals, in particular 4-hydroxynonenal, play a key role in lipid storage homeostasis in normal adipocytes. Nonetheless, in the obese adipose tissue an increased production of 4-hydroxyalkenals contributes to the inflamed phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Drug Research, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Riahi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasson
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D058945:Lipoxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D058945:Lipoxygenases; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal