title: A new strategy for ionization enhancement by derivatization for mass spectrometry.
abstract: Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) using atmospheric pressure ionization is drastically different from hitherto available analytical methods used to detect polar analytes. The electrospray ionization (ESI) and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) sources of MS have contributed to the advancement of LC-MS and LC-MS/MS techniques for the analysis of biological samples. However, one major obstacle is the weak ionization of some analytes in the ESI and APCI techniques. In this review, we introduce high-sensitivity methods using several derivatization reagents for ionization enhancement. We also present an overview of chemical derivatization methods that have been applied to small molecules, such as amino acids and steroids, in biological samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry; D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D007477:Ions / Q000737:chemistry*; D007659:Ketones / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000588:Amines; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D007477:Ions; D007659:Ketones; D010636:Phenols; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds