title: Beta-cryptoxanthin, plentiful in Japanese mandarin orange, prevents age-related cognitive dysfunction and oxidative damage in senescence-accelerated mouse brain.
abstract: Increased oxidative stress is known to accelerate age-related pathologies. Beta-cryptoxanthin (β-CRX, (3R)-β,β-caroten-3-ol) is a potent antioxidant that is highly rich in Satsuma mandarin orange (mandarin), which is the most popular fruit in Japan. We investigated the antioxidative and anti-aging effects of β-CRX and mandarin using senescence-accelerated mice (SAMP10), which were characterized by a short lifespan, high generation of superoxide anions in the brain and poor learning ability with aging. β-CRX (0.5-5.0 µg/ml) or mandarin juice (3.8-38.0%) was added to drinking water of SAMP10 one to 12 months of age. β-CRX was dose-dependently incorporated into the cerebral cortex and the contents were similar to the concentration of β-CRX in the human frontal lobe. These mice also had higher learning ability. The level of DNA oxidative damage was significantly lower in the cerebral cortex of mice that ingested β-CRX and mandarin than control mice. In addition, the mice that ingested β-CRX (>1.5 µg/ml) and mandarin (>11.3%) exhibited a higher survival when 12 month-old, the presenile age of SAMP10, than control mice. These results suggest that β-CRX is incorporated into the brain and has an important antioxidative role and anti-aging effect.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka 422–8526, Japan. unno@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Unno
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Fumiyo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takabayashi
authors.forename: Masateru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Midori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujitani
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoshino
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005638:Fruit; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008136:Longevity / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024341:Xanthophylls / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D028321:Plant Preparations; D024341:Xanthophylls