title: Enhanced formation of 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid by cancer cells in response to oxidative stress, docosahexaenoic acid and neutrophil-derived 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid.
abstract: The 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) product 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE), which is a potent chemoattractant for myeloid cells, is known to promote the survival of prostate cancer cells. In the present study, we found that PC3 prostate cancer cells and cell lines derived from breast (MCF7) and lung (A-427) cancers contain 5-hydroxyeicosanoid dehydrogenase (5-HEDH) activity and have the ability to synthesize 5-oxo-ETE from its precursor 5S-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HETE) when added as an exogenous substrate. H(2)O(2) strongly stimulated the synthesis of 5-oxo-ETE and induced dramatic increases in the levels of both glutathione disulfide and NADP(+). The effects of H(2)O(2) on 5-oxo-ETE and NADP(+) were blocked by N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), indicating that this effect was mediated by the glutathione reductase-dependent generation of NADP(+), the cofactor required by 5-HEDH. 5-Oxo-ETE synthesis was also stimulated by agents that have cytotoxic effects on tumor cells, including 4,7,10,13,16,19-docosahexaenoic acid, tamoxifen and MK-886. Because PC3 cells have only modest 5-LO activity compared with inflammatory cells, we investigated their ability to contribute to the transcellular biosynthesis of 5-oxo-ETE from neutrophil-derived 5-HETE. Stimulation of neutrophils with arachidonic acid and calcium ionophore in the presence of PC3 cells led to a large and selective increase in 5-oxo-ETE synthesis compared with controls in which PC3 cell 5-oxo-ETE synthesis was selectively blocked by pretreatment with NEM. The ability of prostate tumor cells to synthesize 5-oxo-ETE may contribute to tumor cell proliferation as well as the influx of inflammatory cells, which may further induce cell proliferation through the release of cytokines. 5-Oxo-ETE may be an attractive target in cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Meakins-Christie Laboratories, Department of Medicine, McGill University, 3626 St Urbain Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H2X 2P2.
authors.forename: Gail E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rubino
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gravel
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Pranav
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rokach
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; C080828:5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; C022022:5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C099244:5-hydroxyeicosanoid dehydrogenase; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase