title: Impact of beta-cypermethrin on soil microbial community associated with its bioavailability: a combined study by isothermal microcalorimetry and enzyme assay techniques.
abstract: In this study, an isothermal microcalorimetric technique has been used to show that beta-cypermethrin (CYP) had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on soil microbial activity at 80 μg g(-1) soil. Our soil enzyme data indicated that beta-CYP ranging 10-80 μg g(-1) soil had no significant effect (p > 0.05) on soil enzyme activities such as β-glucosidase, urease, acid-phosphatase, and dehydrogenase. Therefore, our results infer that beta-CYP would not pose severe toxicity to soil microbial community, but its toxic level may vary greatly with environment that associates with its increase in bioavailability: the level in soil (at μg g(-1)) < the level in sediment (varying from μg g(-1) to μg L(-1))<the level in water (at μg L(-1)). The comparison of the results of solvent volatilization on soil microbial activity has shown that the acetone-treated sample had no significant difference with the control (p > 0.05). These results suggest that the heavy application of beta-CYP may not cause damage to soil microbial community which is very different from its high toxicity to the aquatic organism.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology of Chinese Ministry of Education and Sino-Hungarian Joint Laboratory of Environmental Science and Health, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
authors.forename: Rensheng
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Huilun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Julia Ellis
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Burnet
authors.forename: Martin M F
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001682:Biological Availability; D002151:Calorimetry; D004777:Environment; D057075:Enzyme Assays; D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C017160:cypermethrin