title: The effect of vitamin E on tracheal responsiveness and lung inflammation in sulfur mustard exposed guinea pigs.
abstract: Pulmonary complications of sulfur mustard (SM) range from mild respiratory symptoms to even severe bronchial stenosis. In the present study, the protective effect of vitamin E on tracheal responsiveness (TR) and lung inflammation of SM-exposed guinea pigs were examined. Guinea pigs were exposed to ethanol (control group), 40 mg/m(3) inhaled SM and ethanol vehicle (sulfur mustard exposed (SME) group), SME treated with vitamin E (SME + E), SME with dexamethasone (SME + D) and both drugs (SME + E + D), (n = 8 for each group). TR to methacholine, total and differential white blood cell (WBC) count of lung lavage and serum cytokines were evaluated 14 days post-exposure. TR, WBC, interleukin 4 (IL-4), interferon gamma (INF-γ), eosinophil, and monocyte levels in SME guinea pigs were significantly higher, but lymphocyte was lower than those of controls (P < 0.05 to P < 0.001). TR, IL-4, and eosinophil levels in SME + E, SME + D and SME + E + D, INF-γ in SME + E and SME + E + D and WBC in SME + E were significantly decreased compared to that of the SME group (P < 0.01 to P < 0.001). In addition, the TR of SME + D + E was significantly higher than that of SME + E (P < 0.01) and SME + D (P < 0.05) groups. The results showed a preventive effect of vitamin E, dexamethasone and their combination on TR and lung inflammation in SME guinea pigs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, IR Iran. boskabadymh@mums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Boskabady
authors.forename: Sediqa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amery
authors.forename: Nassim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vahedi
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Khakzad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002452:Cell Count; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D009151:Mustard Gas / Q000633:toxicity*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D014810:Vitamin E; D003907:Dexamethasone; D009151:Mustard Gas