title: Emerging roles of ROS/RNS in muscle function and fatigue.
abstract: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are involved in numerous aspects of cellular signaling. Classically ROS/RNS have been associated with cellular dysfunction and disease, but it is now clear that they are also of integral importance under normal conditions. In this review, we discuss ROS/RNS effects in skeletal muscle, with special focus on changes in contractile function. The review deals with the tentative roles of ROS/RNS for acute changes that can occur during strenuous exercise resulting in muscle fatigue, for the recovery from fatigue, and for the effects of training/overtraining. We also discuss two groups of inherited diseases; muscle dystrophies, where recent data suggest that ROS/RNS may be of unexpectedly large importance, and mitochondrial myopathies, where the role of ROS seems more limited than originally thought.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. hakan.westerblad@ki.se
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Westerblad
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D017240:Mitochondrial Myopathies / Q000378:metabolism; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species