title: Geraniol inhibits prostate cancer growth by targeting cell cycle and apoptosis pathways.
abstract: The progression of prostate cancer is associated with escape from cell cycle arrest and apoptosis under androgen-depleted conditions. Here, we found that geraniol, a naturally occurring monoterpene, induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in cultured cells and tumor grafted mice using PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Geraniol modulated the expression of various cell cycle regulators and Bcl-2 family proteins in PC-3 cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that the combination of sub-optimal doses of geraniol and docetaxel noticeably suppresses prostate cancer growth in cultured cells and tumor xenograft mice. Therefore, our findings provide insight into unraveling the mechanisms underlying escape from cell cycle arrest and apoptosis and developing therapeutic strategies against prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 110-799, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Eun-Jung
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Chae Ryun
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Byung-Joo
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sanghoon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun Ho
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sung-Joon
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Insuk
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Tae Woo
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ju-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeon
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C425966:TRPM8 protein, human; D013729:Terpenes; C007836:geraniol