title: Differentiation of human kidney stones induced by melamine and uric acid using surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry.
abstract: Clinically obtained human kidney stones of different pathogenesis were dissolved in acetic acid/methanol solutions and then rapidly analyzed by surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (SDAPCI-MS) without any desalination treatment. The mass spectral fingerprints of six groups of kidney stone samples were rapidly recorded in the mass range of m/z 50-400. A set of ten melamine-induced kidney stone samples and nine uric acid derived kidney stone samples were successfully differentiated from other groups by principal component analysis of SDAPCI-MS fingerprints upon positive-ion detection mode. In contrast, the mass spectra recorded using negative-ion detection mode did not give enough information to differentiate those stone samples. The results showed that in addition to the melamine, the chemical compounds enwrapped in the melamine-induced kidney stone samples differed from other kidney stone samples, providing useful hints for studying on the formation mechanisms of melamine-induced kidney stones. This study also provides useful information on establishing a MS-based platform for rapid analysis of the melamine-induced human kidney stones at molecular levels.
authors.affiliation: Jiangxi Key Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry and Instrumentation, East China Institute of Technology, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Yongzhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Rana N S
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Sodhi
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Tingting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Huanwen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D057054:Molecular Imaging; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000506:poisoning; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D014227:Triazines; D014527:Uric Acid; C011907:melamine