title: Aspheric wavefront-guided LASIK to treat hyperopic presbyopia: 12-month results with the VISX platform.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate an aspheric ablation profile to improve near vision in presbyopic patients with hyperopia and to outline the key factors of success.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, nonrandomized, clinical trial of 66 eyes of 33 hyperopic patients who underwent customized bilateral refractive surgery, which included an aspheric presbyopia treatment shape and wavefront-driven hyperopic treatment, was studied. Surgeries were performed using the VISX STAR S4 or STAR S4 IR excimer laser system (Abbott Medical Optics). Mean preoperative refractive error was +1.77 ± 0.56 diopters (D) sphere (range: 0.75 to 3.50 D) with 0.41 ± 0.34 D cylinder (range: 0.00 to 1.50 D). All patients received full distance refractive correction. No patients received monovision or were intentionally left with residual myopia. Patient satisfaction results were evaluated using a questionnaire with a 5-point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty eyes completed 6-month and 50 eyes completed 12-month postoperative follow-up. At 6 months, mean corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) was 20/20±1 line (range: 20/25 to 20/10). Mean gain in distance-corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) was 2.7 ± 1.7 lines with a maximum of 6 lines of near. Spectacle dependence for tasks, such as reading and computer use, was reduced. At 12 months, 100% of patients had achieved binocular simultaneous uncorrected vision of 20/25 or better and J3. Refraction was stable over 12 months. Contrast sensitivity reduction was clinically insignificant (1 step or 0.15 logCS). Negative spherical aberration highly correlated with postoperative improvement of DCNVA. Patients who had a larger amount of preoperative hyperopia or a greater decrease of preoperative DCNVA were more likely to have overall satisfaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The aspheric ablation designed to expand near functional vision was effective and stable over 12 months. The wavefront-customized hyperopic treatment significantly reduced spectacle dependence.
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa Eye Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. bjackson@ohri.ca
authors.forename: W Bruce
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Kuang-Mon Ashley
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Tuan
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mintsioulis
mesh_terms: D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019781:Corneal Topography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011305:Presbyopia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015348:Vision, Binocular; D014792:Visual Acuity