title: Paracoccidioidomycosis in a dog: case report of generalized lymphadenomegaly.
abstract: Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a severe systemic mycosis, endemic in Latin America and highly prevalent in Brazil, where it ranks eighth as a mortality cause among infectious and parasitic diseases in humans. The disease in animals has been little explored. It is observed that armadillos can harbor the fungus at high frequencies, although the active disease has not been well documented in this wild mammal. Dogs are susceptible to experimental infection, and the naturally acquired PCM-disease was reported only recently in a dog from Brazil. The present work reports the second case of naturally acquired PCM in a 6-year-old female dog that presented emaciation, lymphadenomegaly, and hepatosplenomegaly. Biochemical and pulmonary radiographic evaluation did not reveal any abnormalities. PCM was diagnosed by clinical findings, culturing, immunohistochemistry, and histopathology of popliteal lymph node. The fungus was recovered from popliteal lymph node, and the molecular analysis showed respective sequencing similarities of 99 and 100% for 803 nucleotides of the Gp43 gene and 592 nucleotides from the ITS-5.8S region of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. Immunohistochemistry revealed severe lymphadenitis and presented numerous yeasts, which reacted against the gp43 antibody. Histopathology revealed a severe granulomatous lymphadenitis associated with numerous single or multiple budding yeasts. After diagnosis, the dog was successfully treated with itraconazol for 2 years. Veterinarians should be aware of the importance of considering PCM for differential diagnosis, especially in dogs from PCM-endemic areas, whose monophagocytic system involvement is evident.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine for Companion Animals, PUCPR, São José dos Pinhais, PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marconi Rodrigues
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: de Farias
authors.forename: Larissa Anuska Zeni
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Condas
authors.forename: Márcio Garcia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Sandra de Moraes Gimenes
authors.initials: Sde M
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: Marisol Dominguez
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: Juliana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Raquel Cordeiro
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Theodoro
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bagagli
authors.forename: Sílvio Alencar
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001938:Brazil; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D012340:RNA, Ribosomal, 5.8S; D017964:Itraconazole