title: Legionella nagasakiensis sp. nov., isolated from water samples and from a patient with pneumonia.
abstract: A novel Legionella species was identified based on analysis of 16S rRNA and mip (macrophage infectivity potentiator) gene sequences, cellular fatty acids, isoprenoid quinones, biochemical reactions, antigens and quantitative DNA-DNA hybridization. Strain CDC-1796-JAP-E(T) was isolated from well water at the Nagasaki Municipal Medical Center, Japan. Two strains, CDC-3041-AUS-E and CDC-3558-AUS-E, were isolated from water samples during an outbreak of legionellosis in South Australia. Strain CDC-5427-OH-H was isolated from a 66-year-old female patient diagnosed with Legionnaires' disease in the US. Cells from these four strains were gram-negative, non-fluorescent, rod-shaped, and positive for alkaline phosphatase, esterase, leucine arylamidase, catalase, gelatinase, β-lactamase and tyrosine browning assay. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and mip genes revealed that the four strains formed a distinct cluster within the genus Legionella. The bacteria contained branched-chain fatty acids and quinones that are typical of members of the genus Legionella. Slide agglutination tests demonstrated no cross-reaction with 52 previously described members of the Legionellaceae. DNA-DNA hybridization studies indicated that DNAs from the four strains were highly related (78-84 %) but they showed 29 % relatedness to Legionella oakridgensis ATCC 33761(T) and less than 10 % to strains of other Legionella species tested. These characterizations suggest that the isolates represent a novel species, for which the name Legionella nagasakiensis sp. nov. is proposed; the type strain is CDC-1796-JAP-E(T) ( = ATCC BAA-1557(T) = JCM 15315(T)).
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.|Division of Blood Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Genyan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical and Veterinary Science, SA Pathology, and School of Molecular & Biomedical Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Rodney M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ratcliff
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Bacterial, and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Arnold G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Steigerwalt
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: W Lanier
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Thacker
authors.affiliation: Laboratory Science, Policy, and Practice Program Office; Office of Surveillance, Epidemiology and Laboratory Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Maryam I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Daneshvar
authors.affiliation: Division of Foodborne, Bacterial, and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Roger E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Barry S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Fields
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology*; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007875:Legionella / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D007876:Legionellosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D011809:Quinones / Q000032:analysis; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013021:South Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011809:Quinones; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase