title: Triphasic mitral inflow documented by Doppler echocardiography and cardiac catheterization: a case study.
abstract: An 85-year-old woman with hypertension was referred to our hospital for the management of chest pain. Echocardiography showed left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy with impaired systolic function (ejection fraction, 40%) and mitral regurgitation. Pulsed Doppler echocardiography for checking mitral inflow showed triphasic mitral inflow velocity. Simultaneous recording of the LV and pulmonary artery wedge (PAW) pressures showed a high mean PAW pressure with a prominent v wave. The LV pressure showed a temporary elevation in early diastole; it was unusually decreased in mid-diastole, and finally was elevated to such an extent that it exceeded PAW pressure. In this patient, the mid-diastolic decrease in LV pressure, despite the presence of simultaneous LV filling flow, cannot be explained by conventional pressure-volume relation; rather it can be attributed to the abrupt increase in the inflow volume due to the impaired diastolic function. This case shows the characteristics of triphasic mitral inflow in patients with diastolic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kumamoto Saishunsou Hospital, Japan. misumi@saisyunsou1.hosp.go.jp
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Misumi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ebihara
authors.forename: Ryuichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Akahoshi
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rokutanda
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanjo
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takanaga
authors.forename: Haruna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dosaka
mesh_terms: D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology