title: Exogenous application of salicylic acid alleviates cadmium toxicity and reduces hydrogen peroxide accumulation in root apoplasts of Phaseolus aureus and Vicia sativa.
abstract: We examined ameliorative effects of salicylic acid (SA) on two cadmium (Cd)-stressed legume crops with different Cd tolerances, viz. Phaseolus aureus (Cd sensitive) and Vicia sativa (Cd tolerant). Cd at 50 μM significantly increased the production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and superoxide anion (O(2)(·-) ) in root apoplasts of P. aureus and V. sativa. When comparing the two species, we determined that Cd-induced production of H(2)O(2) and O(2)(·-) was more pronounced in P. aureus root apoplasts than in V. sativa root apoplasts. V. sativa had higher activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) than P. aureus in root symplasts and apoplasts. Seed-soaking pretreatment with 100 μM SA decreased Cd-induced production of H(2)O(2) and O(2)(·-) in apoplasts of both species, and increased activities of symplastic and apoplastic SOD, symplastic APX, and apoplastic CAT under Cd stress. Hence, SA-induced Cd tolerances in P. aureus and V. sativa are likely associated with increases in symplastic and apoplastic antioxidant enzyme activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science and Engineering, Hexi University, Zhangye, 734000, China.
authors.forename: Fenqin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hongxiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Guiping
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Langlai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D033022:Vicia sativa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D002104:Cadmium; D013481:Superoxides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D020156:Salicylic Acid