title: DNA damage induced by endogenous aldehydes: current state of knowledge.
abstract: DNA damage plays a major role in various pathophysiological conditions including carcinogenesis, aging, inflammation, diabetes and neurodegenerative diseases. Oxidative stress and cell processes such as lipid peroxidation and glycation induce the formation of highly reactive endogenous aldehydes that react directly with DNA, form aldehyde-derived DNA adducts and lead to DNA damage. In occasion of persistent conditions that influence the formation and accumulation of aldehyde-derived DNA adducts the resulting unrepaired DNA damage causes deregulation of cell homeostasis and thus significantly contributes to disease phenotype. Some of the most highly reactive aldehydes produced endogenously are 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, malondialdehyde, acrolein, crotonaldehyde and methylglyoxal. The mutagenic and carcinogenic effects associated with the elevated levels of these reactive aldehydes, especially, under conditions of stress, are attributed to their capability of causing directly modification of DNA bases or yielding promutagenic exocyclic adducts. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge on DNA damage induced by endogenously produced reactive aldehydes in relation to the pathophysiology of human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, 68100, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgia-Persephoni
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Voulgaridou
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anestopoulos
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Mihalis I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Panayiotidis
authors.forename: Aglaia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pappa
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000032:analysis*; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D018736:DNA Adducts