title: The effects of oleuropein aglycone, an olive oil compound, in a mouse model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several olive oil phenolic compounds, such us oleuropein have attracted considerable attention because of their antioxidant activity, anti-atherosclerotic and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oleuropein aglycone, a hydrolysis product of oleuropein, in a mouse model of carrageenan-induced pleurisy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were anaesthetized and subjected to a skin incision at the level of the left sixth intercostals space. The underlying muscle was dissected and saline or saline containing 2% λ-carrageenan was injected into the pleural cavity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Injection of carrageenan elicited an acute inflammatory response characterized by: infiltration of neutrophils in lung tissues (P < 0.01 versus sham. P < 0.01 versus carrageenan) and subsequent lipid peroxidation (P < 0.01 versus sham. P < 0.01 versus carrageenan), increased production of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1β (P < 0.01 versus sham. P < 0.01 versus carrageenan), increased expression of adhesion molecules, increased synthesis of nitric oxide (P < 0.01 versus sham. P < 0.01 versus carrageenan), nitrotyrosine and poly-ADP-ribose (P < 0.01 versus sham. P < 0.01 versus carrageenan). Administration of oleuropein aglycone 30 min after the challenge with carrageenan, caused a significant reduction of all the parameters of inflammation measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, we propose that olive oil phenolic constituents may be useful in the treatment of various inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Via C. Valeria, Gazzi 98100 Messina, Italy. danielaimp@hotmail.it
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Impellizzeri
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mazzon
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paterniti
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Paola
authors.forename: Placido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bramanti
authors.forename: Valeria Maria
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Morittu
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Procopio
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Britti
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cuzzocrea
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006868:Hydrolysis; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053583:Interleukin-1beta / Q000378:metabolism; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D000069463:Olive Oil; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism; D011714:Pyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D053583:Interleukin-1beta; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D019007:P-Selectin; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D011714:Pyrans; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; C002769:oleuropein; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D002351:Carrageenan