title: Responses of tsetse flies, Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina pallidipes, to baits of various size.
abstract: Recent studies of Palpalis group tsetse [Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Diptera: Glossinidae) in Kenya] suggest that small (0.25 × 0.25 m) insecticide-treated targets will be more cost-effective than the larger (≥1.0 × 1.0 m) designs currently used to control tsetse. Studies were undertaken in Zimbabwe to assess whether small targets are also more cost-effective for the Morsitans group tsetse, Glossina morsitans morsitans and Glossina pallidipes. Numbers of tsetse contacting targets of 0.25 × 0.25 m or 1.0 × 1.0 m, respectively, were estimated using arrangements of electrocuting grids which killed or stunned tsetse as they contacted the target. Catches of G. pallidipes and G. m. morsitans at small (0.25 × 0.25 m) targets were, respectively, ∼1% and ∼6% of catches at large (1.0 × 1.0 m) targets. Hence, the tsetse killed per unit area of target was greater for the larger than the smaller target, suggesting that small targets are not cost-effective for use against Morsitans group species. The results suggest that there is a fundamental difference in the host-orientated behaviour of Morsitans and Palpalis group tsetse and that the former are more responsive to host odours, whereas the latter seem highly responsive to visual stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, London, U.K. s.torr@greenwich.ac.uk
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Torr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chamisa
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Vale
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lehane
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lindh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007306:Insecticides; D008297:Male; D009812:Odorants; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D013045:Species Specificity; D014370:Tsetse Flies / Q000502:physiology*; D015030:Zimbabwe
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides