title: In vitro analysis of polyurethane foam as a topical hemostatic agent.
abstract: Topical hemostatic agents can be used to treat problematic bleedings in patients who undergo surgery. Widely used are the collagen- and gelatin-based hemostats. This study aimed to develop a fully synthetic, biodegradable hemostatic agent to avoid exposure to animal antigens. In this in vitro study the suitability of different newly developed polyurethane-based foams as a hemostatic agent has been evaluated and compared to commonly used agents. An experimental in vitro test model was used in which human blood flowed through the test material. Different modified polyurethane foams were compared to collagen and gelatin. The best coagulation was achieved with collagen. The results of the polyurethane foam improved significantly by increasing the amount of polyethylene glycol. Therefore, the increase of the PEG concentration seems a promising approach. Additional in vivo studies will have to be implemented to assess the application of polyurethane foam as a topical hemostatic agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, PO Box 30.001, 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands. f.i.broekema@kchir.umcg.nl
authors.forename: Ferdinand I
authors.initials: FI
authors.lastname: Broekema
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Oeveren
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zuidema
authors.forename: Susan H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Visscher
authors.forename: Rudolf R M
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bos
mesh_terms: D000991:Antithrombins / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D006470:Hemorrhage; D006487:Hemostasis; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013499:Surface Properties; D013917:Thrombin / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006490:Hemostatics; D011108:Polymers; D011140:Polyurethanes; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D005780:Gelatin; D003094:Collagen; C028279:polyurethane foam; D013917:Thrombin