title: An audit comparing the discrepancies between a verbal enquiry, a written history, and an electronic medical history questionnaire: a suggested medical history/social history form for clinical practice.
abstract: In everyday practice, dentists are confronted with an increasing number of patients with complex medical problems. There is divergence of opinion among dentists regarding how to obtain a thorough medical/social history.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this audit is to produce a standardised medical history in order to identify the medically compromised patient attending the general dental practitioner. At present in the Dublin Dental School and Hospital, there are three different methods: a verbal enquiry, and a written or an electronic questionnaire. This study was undertaken to identify any differences or discrepancies between each of the three methods in eliciting the medical history, and to determine whether one method was superior to the others. The results are used to recommend the most accurate method for obtaining a thorough health history for practitioners, both in a hospital and a general practice setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty charts within the Dublin Dental School and Hospital of all new patients at a randomly chosen clinic were selected and then audited: 50 charts from the oral and maxillofacial surgery assessment clinics (written pro forma questionnaire), 50 from the oral medicine clinic (consultant verbal enquiry), and 50 from A&E (electronic questionnaire) were compared to determine if an adequate medical history was taken, and to detect differences and discrepancies in patients' medical histories. The records pertained to 91 females and 59 males. The age distribution was 5-87 years for females and 3-85 years for males. The mean age was 45 years for females and 42 years for males.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The written patient-administered pro forma questionnaire, combined with verbal verification by the clinician/consultant, proved to be the most useful and consistent method for detecting medical problems in dental patients. The consultant verbal enquiry alone showed more inconsistency than the other two methods. Based on these results, a modified questionnaire for use within all departments in the Dental Hospital has been proposed. This may also be suitable for use by general dental practitioners in their practice setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is incumbent on the clinician/dentist to evaluate each patient's general health prior to delivering treatment in order to avoid unnecessary and preventable complications. The use of written patient-administered pro forma questionnaires is beneficial but must be verified by the examining clinician/dentist and assessed at each new visit (6-12 monthly) to be contemporaneous.
authors.affiliation: Dublin Dental School and Hospital, Lincoln Place, Dublin 2.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stassen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003142:Communication; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D019230:Dental Audit; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D004827:Epilepsy; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006331:Heart Diseases; D006505:Hepatitis; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity; D007565:Jaundice; D008171:Lung Diseases; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011247:Pregnancy; D057566:Self Report; D012907:Smoking; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014956:Writing; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations