title: Six sigma tools in integrating internal operations of a retail pharmacy: a case study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was initiated to integrate information and enterprise-wide healthcare delivery system issues specifically within an inpatient retail pharmacy operation in a U.S. community hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six Sigma tools were used to examine the effects to an inpatient retail pharmacy service process. Some of the tools used include service blueprints, cause-effect diagram, gap analysis derived from customer and employee surveys, mistake proofing was applied in various business situations and results were analyzed to identify and propose process improvements and integration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The research indicates that the Six Sigma tools in this discussion are very applicable and quite effective in helping to streamline and integrate the pharmacy process flow. Additionally, gap analysis derived from two different surveys was used to estimate the primary areas of focus to increase customer and employee satisfaction. The results of this analysis were useful in initiating discussions of how to effectively narrow these service gaps.
  This retail pharmaceutical service study serves as a framework for the process that should occur for successful process improvement tool evaluation and implementation. Pharmaceutical Service operations in the U.S. that use this integration framework must tailor it to their individual situations to maximize their chances for success.
authors.affiliation: Opus College of Business, University of St. Thomas, Minneapolis, MN 55403-2005, USA. skumar@stthomas.edu
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kwong
mesh_terms: D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D006764:Hospitals, Community; D006801:Humans; D019982:Organizational Case Studies; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D018511:Systems Integration; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration*; D014481:United States