title: Endoscopic trimodal imaging detects colonic neoplasia as well as standard video endoscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic trimodal imaging (ETMI) is a novel endoscopic technique that combines high-resolution endoscopy (HRE), autofluorescence imaging (AFI), and narrow-band imaging (NBI) that has only been studied in academic settings. We performed a randomized, controlled trial in a nonacademic setting to compare ETMI with standard video endoscopy (SVE) in the detection and differentiation of colorectal lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 234 patients scheduled to receive colonoscopy who were randomly assigned to undergo a colonoscopy in tandem with either ETMI or SVE. In the ETMI group (n=118), first examination was performed using HRE, followed by AFI. In the other group, both examinations were performed using SVE (n=116). In the ETMI group, detected lesions were differentiated using AFI and NBI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the ETMI group, 87 adenomas were detected in the first examination (with HRE), and then 34 adenomas were detected during second inspection (with AFI). In the SVE group, 79 adenomas were detected during the first inspection, and then 33 adenomas were detected during the second inspection. Adenoma detection rates did not differ significantly between the 2 groups (ETMI: 1.03 vs SVE: 0.97, P=.360). The adenoma miss-rate was 29% for HRE and 28% for SVE. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of NBI in differentiating adenomas from nonadenomatous lesions were 87%, 63%, and 75%, respectively; corresponding values for AFI were 90%, 37%, and 62%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a nonacademic setting, ETMI did not improve the detection rate for adenomas compared with SVE. NBI and AFI each differentiated colonic lesions with high levels of sensitivity but low levels of specificity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Teaco
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuiper
authors.forename: Frank J C
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: van den Broek
authors.forename: Anton H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Naber
authors.forename: Ellert J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Soest
authors.forename: Pieter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scholten
authors.forename: Rosalie Ch
authors.initials: RCh
authors.lastname: Mallant-Hent
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van den Brande
authors.forename: Jeroen M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Arnoud H A M
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: van Oijen
authors.forename: Willem A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Marsman
authors.forename: Jacques J G H M
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fockens
authors.forename: Evelien
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dekker
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology*; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis*; D020685:Colonoscopes; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D055620:Optical Phenomena; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014741:Video Recording / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards