title: Comparative performance of two commercial neonicotinoid baits against filth flies under field conditions.
abstract: Two performance (efficacy and attractiveness) comparisons of neonicotinoid baits QuickBayt® (imidacloprid) and Agita® (thiamethoxam) against filth flies were conducted under field conditions to determine suitability for use outdoors. The first experiment compared bait performance and the second compared effects of different applications on QuickBayt® performance. Applications compared were: (i) scattered in petri dish (SPD); (ii) wet-down in petri dish (WPD); (iii) scattered on cardboard (SCB) and (iv) painted on cardboards (PCB). Efficacy and attractiveness were assessed based on knockdown percentage (KD%) and number of flies feeding on baits, respectively. The KD% of QuickBayt® (34% ± 3.0%) was not significantly higher than Agita® (29% ± 1.3%) (t-test, P>0.05). Agita® (101 ± 5.7 flies) was significantly more attractive to flies than QuickBayt® (76 ± 4.8 flies) and the sugar solution (49 ± 7.2) (one-way ANOVA, P<0.05). The PCB and SCB applications were significantly more attractive to filth flies than WPD and SPD (One-way ANOVA, P<0.05), however differences in KD% were not significantly different (One-way ANOVA, P>0.05). The two baits provided the same level of efficacy in a wide-open area against filth flies of various species. QuickBayt® was more versatile; efficacy was not significantly affected by different applications. Surface area and moisture affects attractiveness of the bait.
authors.affiliation: Medical Entomology Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Nurita
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abu Hassan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004175:Diptera / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010078:Oxazines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010675:Pheromones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D000077922:Thiamethoxam; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010078:Oxazines; D010675:Pheromones; D013844:Thiazoles; C010411:insect attractants; C082359:imidacloprid; D000077922:Thiamethoxam