title: Treating the partners of opioid-dependent pregnant patients: feasibility and efficacy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug-dependent pregnant women with intimate partners who are also drug-dependent have been found to have compromised treatment outcomes. Thus, developing a treatment to reduce a male partner's drug use is the first step in a line of research with a distal goal of improving pregnant patient's treatment outcomes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study examined a novel intervention for engaging the male partner in drug treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Men targeted for intervention were non-treatment-seeking opioid users. Motivational enhancement therapy (MET), an effective non-confrontational intervention approach for evoking behavioral change, was employed to encourage treatment participation. This six-session intervention was followed by a drug-abstinent contingency-based voucher incentive program. Moreover, to help maintain drug abstinence, male partners had rapid facilitation into either opioid detoxification with aftercare or methadone maintenance. Interwoven into treatment were both couple's counseling and a men's group educational program designed to strengthen the support provided by the men to their partners during pregnancy and post-delivery. Men (n = 45) received either the novel intervention package called HOPE (Helping Other Partners Excel) or a control condition (n = 17) that received weekly support and referrals for treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Men in the HOPE condition, compared with the usual care condition, showed increased treatment retention, transient decreases in heroin use, increased involvement in recreational activities, less reliance on public assistance, and increased social support for their pregnant partners.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that treatment of male partners is feasible and efficacious in the short term but modifications to the intervention are needed to sustain results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. hjones@rti.org
authors.forename: Hendrée E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tuten
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: O'Grady
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003376:Counseling; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D058850:Opiate Substitution Treatment; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000523:psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone