title: [Distribution of tramadol in acute poisoned rats].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a rapid and accurate gas chromatography method and investigate the distribution of tramadol in acute poisoned rats for information of samples selection and results evaluation in forensic identification.
  
  
  METHODS
  After an oral administration of tramadol at 1140 mg/kg (5 x LD50), concentrations of tramadol in rats' biological fluids and tissues were determined by gas chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The limit of detection of tramadol in blood and urine was 0.1 microg/mL and the limit of detection in liver was 0.1 microg/g. The intra-day precision and inter-day precision were within 3.1% and 5.5% respectively, and the recovery of tramadol in blood was more than 98%. The average levels of tramadol displayed in descending order of heart blood, liver, peripheral blood, urine, vitreous humor, kidney, lung, spleen, heart, brain respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The established method could meet the requirements for toxicological analysis, and the results of the study suggest that blood, urine, liver, lung and kidney are suitable samples for forensic toxicological analysis in tramadol poisoning cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fobrensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhonzg University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China. casper1107@126.com
authors.forename: Man
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiang-yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jin
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014147:Tramadol / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014147:Tramadol