title: [The comparison of efficacy of female sterilization by modified Uchida technique and silver clips in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare efficacy of female sterilization by modified Uchida technique and silver clips and to evaluate the influence on operation procedure and clinical effect with or without surgery training of service providers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparative, multicenter clinical trial was performed in 18 county and township-level service centers. Totally 2198 women underwent sterilization from these 18 study center were divided into 1116 women sterilized by modified Uchida technique and 1082 women by silver clips. Those 18 centers were classified into 9 training groups which provide surgical skills of sterilization and other contents and 9 non training groups. Clinical documents of sterilization were recorded. All women were follow-up at 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no complications during surgery by both sterilization. The failure rate was 2.03% (22/1082) in silver clip method and the mean operative time were (12.4 ± 6.4) minutes in training group and (14.4 ± 8.1) minutes in non training group. In modified Uchida method, the failure rate was 0.18% (2/1116) and the mean operative time were (16.2 ± 4.9) minutes in training group and (19.0 ± 8.6) minutes in non training group. The mean operative time between two groups reached statistical difference (all P < 0.05). Total ended rate in modified Uchida technique were 2.2/hundred women year in training group and 2.5/hundred women year in non training group, and the rate of silver slips were 3.9/hundred women year and 4.8/hundred women year, which did not show significant difference (all P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in acceptability and side effects of all women between two methods (P > 0.05). The training of service providers could influence acceptability of women (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical efficacy was not influenced by those two methods. The operative time and acceptability were improved by training surgeons in silver clips method.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100073, China.
authors.forename: Hong-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Hong-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shang-chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012834:Silver; D013245:Sterilization, Reproductive / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D012834:Silver