title: Genome-virome interactions: examining the role of common viral infections in complex disease.
abstract: New technologies have widened our view of 'complex diseases': those with both genetic and environmental risk factors. In this Review, we explore recent genetic and virological evidence implicating host-virus interactions in three diseases: type 1 diabetes, inflammatory bowel disease and asthma. The viruses implicated in these diseases cause mucosal infections that affect most of the population but are asymptomatic or mild in many hosts. These findings place a new emphasis on common viral infections as important environmental factors in the pathogenesis of complex diseases, and they compel the field to pursue a better understanding of host interactions with the human virome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 Cedar Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Foxman
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D054884:Host-Pathogen Interactions / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena