title: Chemoprophylaxis for HIV prevention: new opportunities and new questions.
abstract: Growing data suggest that antiretrovirals can be used as an effective means of HIV prevention. This article reviews the current status and future clinical prospects of utilizing antiretroviral chemoprophylaxis before and after high-risk HIV exposure to prevent HIV transmission. The discussion about using antiretrovirals as a means of primary HIV prevention has moved to the forefront of public health discourse because of a growing evidence base, the increased tolerability of the medications, the decreased cost, the ever-expanding formulary, and the limitations of other approaches.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, and Department of Community Health, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Miriam Hospital, Providence, RI 02906, USA. Kenneth_Mayer@brown.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Kartik K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004304:Dosage Forms; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004304:Dosage Forms