title: Elevated oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in right coronary artery of right ventricular hypertrophy.
abstract: Remodeling of right coronary artery (RCA) occurs during right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH) induced by banding of the pulmonary artery (PA). The effect of RVH on RCA endothelial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vessel wall remains unclear. A swine RVH model (n = 12 pigs) induced by PA banding was used to study RCA endothelial function and ROS level. To obtain longitudinal coronary hemodynamic and geometric data, digital subtraction angiography was used during the progression of RVH. Blood flow in the RCA increased by 82% and lumen diameter of RCA increased by 22% over a 4-wk period of RVH. The increase in blood flow and the commensurate increase in diameter resulted in a constant wall shear stress in RCA throughout the RVH period. ROS was elevated by ∼100% in RCA after 4 wk of PA banding. The expressions of p47(phox), NADPH oxidase (NOX1, NOX2, and NOX4) were upregulated in the range of 20-300% in RCA of RVH. The endothelial function was compromised in RCA of RVH as attributed to insufficient endothelial nitric oxide synthase cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin. In vivo angiographic analysis suggests an increased basal tone in the RCA during RVH. In conclusion, stretch due to outward remodeling of RCA during RVH (at constant wall shear stress), similar to vessel stretch in hypertension, appears to induce ROS elevation, endothelial dysfunction, and an increase in basal tone.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Indiana Univ.-Purdue Univ. Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Charles Q
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: Xiaomei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Sabee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Molloi
authors.forename: Cynthia D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Wassall
authors.forename: Marvin D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kemple
authors.forename: Ghassan S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Kassab
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D000818:Animals; D001708:Biopterins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D017380:Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014664:Vasodilation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D001708:Biopterins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C003402:sapropterin