title: Ability of the fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to adapt to the cyathostomin egg-output by spreading chlamydospores.
abstract: The analysis of the capability of the nematode trapping-fungus Duddingtonia flagrans to adapt to the cyathostomin egg-output in horses was evaluated. Fecal samples from 196 pasturing autochthonous Pura Raza Galega horses were collected from the rectum and then divided according to the egg-output into three groups: ≤ 300, 310-800 and >800 eggs per gram feces. Four doses of chlamydospores (0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 × 10(6)/100g feces) were directly spread onto fecal pats on the ground, remaining one without treatment as control. Fecal pats confirmed the presence of gastrointestinal nematode larvae belonging to strongylid cyathostomins (Cyathostomum and Gyalocephalus spp). An overall 94% (95% CI 91, 97) percentage of reduction was obtained, and an increase in the activity of the trapping-fungi simultaneously to the rising in the number of cyathostomin eggs and larvae in the coprocultures was detected. A significantly highest reduction of the cyathostomin L3 in the coprocultures with more than 800 EPG was found, which indicates that Df trapping activity is larvae nematode density-dependant. The present research showed the high biological activity of D. flagrans against nematode larvae can adjust to the cyathostomin egg-output, and underlines its efficacy as a practical method for the control of these parasites in grazing horses.
authors.affiliation: Animal Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, 27002-Lugo, Spain. adolfo.paz@usc.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paz-Silva
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Valero-Coss
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Cortiñas
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arias
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Suárez
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: López-Arellano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Andrade
authors.forename: P Mendoza
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: de Gives
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000502:physiology*; D002980:Climate; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D006736:Horses; D009348:Nematoda / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000502:physiology; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010058:Oviposition; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors