title: Activity of TDT 067 (terbinafine in Transfersome) against agents of onychomycosis, as determined by minimum inhibitory and fungicidal concentrations.
abstract: TDT 067 is a novel carrier-based dosage form (liquid spray) of 15 mg/ml of terbinafine in Transfersome that has been developed to deliver terbinafine to the nail bed to treat onychomycosis. In this study, we report the in vitro activities of TDT 067 against dermatophytes, compared with those of the Transfersome vehicle, naked terbinafine, and commercially available terbinafine (1%) spray. The MICs of TDT 067 and comparators against 25 clinical strains each of Trichophyton rubrum, T. mentagrophytes, and Epidermophyton floccosum were determined according to the CLSI M38-A2 susceptibility method (2008). Minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) were determined by subculturing visibly clear wells from the MIC microtiter plates. TDT 067 demonstrated potent activity against the dermatophyte strains tested, with an MIC range of 0.00003 to 0.015 μg/ml. Overall, TDT 067 MIC(50) values (defined as the lowest concentrations to inhibit 50% of the strains tested) were 8-fold and 60-fold lower than those of naked terbinafine and terbinafine spray, respectively. The Transfersome vehicle showed minimal inhibitory activity. TDT 067 demonstrated lower MFC values for T. rubrum and E. floccosum than naked terbinafine and terbinafine spray. TDT 067 has more potent antifungal activity against dermatophytes that cause nail infection than conventional terbinafine preparations. The Transfersome vehicle appears to potentiate the antifungal activity of terbinafine. Clinical investigation of TDT 067 for the topical treatment of onychomycosis is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Center for Medical Mycology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. mahmoud.ghannoum@case.edu
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghannoum
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Isham
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herbert
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yurdakul
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004821:Epidermophyton / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014009:Onychomycosis / Q000382:microbiology; D000077291:Terbinafine; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009281:Naphthalenes; D000077291:Terbinafine