title: Effects of antithrombin III treatment in vascular injury model of mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Balloon angioplasty has recently been adopted as an acceptable form of treatment for stenotic vessel lesions of congenital heart diseases. However, precise mechanisms of restenosis and thrombosis, which are the most common complications after these procedures, are unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the effects of antithrombin III (ATIII) on inflammation, thrombus formation, and remodeling of vascular wall after guidewire-induced injury in the femoral artery of mice. ATIII or saline was administered as a bolus intravenous infusion before injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two hours after injury, approximately half of the saline-treated vessels showed macroscopic thrombus formation. In contrast, no thrombi were seen in the arteries pretreated with ATIII. Significantly higher levels of inflammation were induced in the injured vessels than in the sham-operated controls, as determined by CD11b-positive cell density in the adventitial area. ATIII treatment resulted in marked reduction of inflammatory cell infiltration. Twenty-eight days after injury, similar levels of neointimal proliferation were found in the injured arteries in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggested that a high dose of ATIII may influence the sequelae of arterial injury by reducing mural thrombus formation and limiting the inflammatory reaction of the vessel wall without altering the process of vascular remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashida
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takekatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruhashi
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Angiogenesis and Vascular Development, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Kanazawa Medical Center, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yachie
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000990:Antithrombin III / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology; D057772:Vascular System Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D000990:Antithrombin III