title: Diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome: three-dimensional dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics and diagnostic value of three-dimensional contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (3D CE-MRA) in the diagnosis of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-three BCS patients underwent 3D CE-MRA, 64 patients had primary BCS, and 69 had secondary BCS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty five cases (41.4%) showed a segmental stenosis of the inferior vena cava, 9 cases (6.8%) a membranous obstruction of the inferior vena cava, 5 cases (3.8%) an unobstructed inferior vena cava and hepatic veno-occlusive condition, 16 cases (12.0%) an inferior vena cava stenosis and hepatic veno-occlusive disease, and 48 cases (36.1%) an intraluminal filling defect in the inferior vena cava. In 52 cases (39.1%), collateral blood vessels were formed, with deep, medium, and shallow portal veins and intrahepatic collateral veins in 88 groups. Among these, 41 (46.6%) had deep venous collateral channels, 24 (27.3%) had medium venous collateral channels, 9 (10.2%) had superficial venous collateral channels, 5 (5.7%) had portal vein collateral channels, and 9 (10.2%) had intrahepatic venous collateral channels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D CE-MRA is important in the clinical diagnosis and treatment planning of BCS and displays hepatic veins, the inferior vena cava system, and collateral vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA