title: Interaction between the HTLV-1 envelope and cellular proteins: impact on virus infection and restriction.
abstract: The first human retrovirus, human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1), was discovered 30 years ago. Despite intensive study, the cell surface molecules involved in virus entry have only been identified over the past few years. Three molecules form the receptor complex for HTLV-1: glucose transporter 1, neuropilin 1 and heparan sulfate proteoglycans. Another molecule on the surface of dendritic cells, DC-SIGN, may play a role in dendritic cell-mediated infection of cells. In addition to the cell surface molecules used for entry, the HTLV-1 envelope interacts with cellular proteins, enabling the virus to traffic by exploiting cellular delivery pathways. To facilitate both these steps, HTLV-1 encodes motifs that mimic cellular binding partners for the trafficking system and ligands for the receptors. Here we review the interactions between the HTLV-1 envelope and cellular proteins.
authors.affiliation: National Cancer Institute, NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. ilinskayaa@ncifcrf.gov
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ilinskaya
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heidecker
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015490:HTLV-I Infections; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D039942:Neuropilin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D039942:Neuropilin-1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin