title: Lithographically defined 3D nanoporous nonenzymatic glucose sensors.
abstract: Nonenzymatic glucose oxidation is demonstrated on highly faceted palladium nanowflower-modified porous carbon electrodes fabricated by interference lithography. Varying electrodeposition parameters were used to control the final shape and morphology of the deposited nanoparticles on the 3D porous carbon which showed a 12 times increase in the electrochemically active surface area over analogous planar electrodes. Extremely fast amperometric glucose responses (achieving 95% of the steady state limiting current in less than 5s) with a linear range from 1 to 10mM and a detection limit of 10 μM were demonstrated. The unusual surface properties of the pyrolyzed photoresist films produced strongly adhered palladium crystal structures that were stable for hundreds of cycles towards glucose oxidation without noticeable current decay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosensors & Nanomaterials, Sandia National Laboratories, PO Box 5800, MS-0892 Albuquerque, NM 87185, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoyin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Gabriel A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Montaño
authors.forename: Thayne L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Cody M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Washburn
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brozik
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: D Bruce
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Burckel
authors.forename: Ronen
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polsky
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D002384:Catalysis; D055664:Electrochemical Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D058608:Nanopores; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010165:Palladium; D005947:Glucose; D001205:Ascorbic Acid