title: Social capital reduces socio-economic differences in child health: evidence from the Canadian Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether adolescents' exposure to neighbourhood social capital, which is defined as levels of trust, cohesion and cooperation, reduces socio-economic differences in physical and psychological health outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey data were collected from the 9717 Canadian youths in grades 6 to 10 participating in the 2006 Health Behaviour of School-aged Children study. Data analyses tested interaction effects of socio-economic status (SES) and social capital on five outcomes: psychological symptoms, somatic symptoms, injuries, fighting and life satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SES effects on the five health outcomes varied depending on the level of exposure to neighbourhood social capital. High levels of social capital reduced or eliminated SES differences in health. However, in areas of high social capital, more affluent children reported slightly more somatic symptoms, injuries and fighting than less affluent children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduction of health inequalities in children and youth is a priority for public policy. Our results suggest that building social capital in neighbourhoods is one avenue for reducing socio-economic disparities in children's physical and psychological health. However, the findings suggest that there might be a downside to social capital in that it appears to reverse socio-economic differences in some outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON. frank_elgar@carleton.ca
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Elgar
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Trites
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boyce
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D002669:Child Welfare; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012574:Schools; D012923:Social Class; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013334:Students; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology