title: The epidemic status and genetic diversity of 14 highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) isolates from China in 2009.
abstract: A high-mortality swine disease, the highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (HP-PRRS), reappeared in some regions of China in 2009. To explore the possible mechanisms underlying the emergence of HP-PRRSV and more fully understand the extent of the genetic diversity of this virus in China, the complete genome of 14 isolates from 10 provinces in China from 2009 were analyzed. Full-length genome sequencing analysis showed that the 14 isolates were closely related to HP-PRRSV, with 98.0-98.9% nucleotide similarity, although 2 of the 14 strains exhibited a new, discontinuous 29-amino acid deletion in the Nsp2 gene. Furthermore, amino acid analysis of the GP5 protein indicated that the 14 isolates had a concurrent mutation in a decoy epitope and different mutations in glycosylation sites. Additionally, the antigenic drift in GP3 and a 1-nucleotide deletion in both the 5'-UTR and 3'-UTR, which are found in almost all highly pathogenic Chinese PRRSV isolates, were examined in all 14 isolates. The phylogenetic analysis showed that the 14 strains belonged to the North American genotype and were clustered in a subgroup with other HP-PRRSV isolates that have been found in China since 2006. However, compared with other Chinese HP-PRRSV isolates collected in 2006-2008, the phylogenetic tree showed that the 14 isolates had a closer relationship with each other. These results indicated that HP-PRRSV remained an extensive pandemic, affecting swine farms in China in 2009 and revealed new genetic diversity.
authors.affiliation: China Animal Disease Control Center, Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, No. 20 Maizidian Rd., Chaoyang District, Beijing 100125, PR China.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jianqiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xue
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Yingju
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Zhanchao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zi
authors.forename: Kun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ning
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Dongmei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yunfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Jiajun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lilin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Miaojie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiuling
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xinyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Kegong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013552:Swine; D020506:Untranslated Regions; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020506:Untranslated Regions; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; C114789:glycoprotein 5, PRRSV