title: Chromatin-associated protein kinase C-θ regulates an inducible gene expression program and microRNAs in human T lymphocytes.
abstract: Studies in yeast demonstrate that signaling kinases have a surprisingly active role in the nucleus, where they tether to chromatin and modulate gene expression programs. Despite these seminal studies, the nuclear mechanism of how signaling kinases control transcription of mammalian genes is in its infancy. Here, we provide evidence for a hitherto unknown function of protein kinase C-theta (PKC-θ), which physically associates with the regulatory regions of inducible immune response genes in human T cells. Chromatin-anchored PKC-θ forms an active nuclear complex by interacting with RNA polymerase II, the histone kinase MSK-1, and the adaptor molecule 14-3-3ζ. ChIP-on-chip reveals that PKC-θ binds to promoters and transcribed regions of genes, as well as to microRNA promoters that are crucial for cytokine regulation. Our results provide a molecular explanation for the role of PKC-θ not only in normal T cell function, but also in circumstances of its ectopic expression in cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Elissa L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Sutcliffe
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Bunting
authors.forename: Yi Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jasmine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chansavath
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Phetsouphanh
authors.forename: Nabila
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seddiki
authors.forename: Anjum
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Hindmarsh
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Parish
authors.forename: Anthony D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: Russell L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McInnes
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taya
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Milburn
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D035683:MicroRNAs / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074121:Protein Kinase C-theta; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007527:Isoenzymes; D035683:MicroRNAs; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa; C116919:mitogen and stress-activated protein kinase 1; C076233:PRKCQ protein, human; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D000074121:Protein Kinase C-theta; D012319:RNA Polymerase II