title: Nasal and ethmoidal alterations in anterior synostotic plagiocephaly.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasal deviation plays an important role in plagiocephaly nosography, and it is frequent in plagiocephaly and objectivable both in early treated patients and in those patients who did not undergo any surgical correction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The group analyzed consisted of 12 patients affected by anterior synostotic plagiocephaly. All of them had reached the end of growth. A morphological analysis was made by using anthropometry. All patients were asked to undergo computed tomography, and all the scans were then reconstructed into three-dimensional models using a dedicated software. We made two-dimensional assessments on coronal and axial slices, and three-dimensional reconstruction was used to evaluate the volumetry of ethmoidal cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From anthropometry, we realized that, in all patients, not only that the tip of the nose is deviated to the not affected side but also that the root itself does not lie on the midline and it is tilted to the synostotic side. Analysis of the computed tomographic scan results shows that the ethmoid bone, as much as the vomer and the upper maxilla, is deeply involved in these nasal abnormalities, presenting a deviated position and an altered development.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that nasal morphology in plagiocephaly is strictly related to basicranium dysmorphism.
authors.affiliation: Maxillo Facial Surgery, Complesso Integrato Columbus, Catholic University Medical School, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Tito Matteo
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Marianetti
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: Vittoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alimonti
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cervelli
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boniello
authors.forename: Concezio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Rocco
authors.forename: Gianmarco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Saponaro
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pelo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005004:Ethmoid Bone / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D009666:Nose / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed