title: Ten-year outcomes of high-dose, intensity-modulated radiotherapy for localized prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors investigated long-term tumor control and toxicity outcomes after high-dose, intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in patients who had clinically localized prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 1996 and January 1998, 170 patients received 81 gray (Gy) using a 5-field IMRT technique. Patients were classified according to the National Comprehensive Cancer Network-defined risk groups. Toxicity data were scored according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events Version 3.0. Freedom from biochemical relapse, distant metastases, and cause-specific survival outcomes were calculated. The median follow-up was 99 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 10-year actuarial prostate-specific antigen relapse-free survival rates were 81% for the low-risk group, 78% for the intermediate-risk group, and 62% for the high-risk group; the 10-year distant metastases-free rates were 100%, 94%, and 90%, respectively; and the 10-year cause-specific mortality rates were 0%, 3%, and 14%, respectively. The 10-year likelihood of developing grade 2 and 3 late genitourinary toxicity was 11% and 5%, respectively; and the 10-year likelihood of developing grade 2 and 3 late gastrointestinal toxicity was 2% and 1%, respectively. No grade 4 toxicities were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To the authors' knowledge, this report represents the longest followed cohort of patients who received high-dose radiation levels of 81 Gy using IMRT for localized prostate cancer. The findings indicated that high-dose IMRT is well tolerated and is associated with excellent long-term tumor-control outcomes in patients with localized prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10065, USA.
authors.forename: Zumre A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Alicikus
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Zhigang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Margie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kollmeier
authors.forename: Brett
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zelefsky
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen