title: Protective effects of rutin on rat glomerular mesangial cells cultured in high glucose conditions.
abstract: The protective effect of rutin on the glomerulosclerosis of diabetic nephropathy (DN) in rat mesangial cells was investigated. The cultured mesangial cells were divided into eight groups: normal, solvent control, high glucose, low dose of rutin, moderate dose of rutin, high dose of rutin, captopril and Ginkgo biloba extract. The cell cycles, type IV collagen and laminin in cytoplasm, TGF-β₁ mRNA of mesangial cells, Smad 2/3 and Smad 7, and the activities of four antioxidant indexes including T-SOD, MDA, CAT and GSH-Px were measured by flow cytometry, radioimmunoassay, RT-PCR, western blotting and visible spectrophotometry, respectively. Compared with the high glucose group, rutin decreased the cell percentages of the G₀/G₁ phase and inhibited the expression of Smad 2/3, laminin and type IV collagen, and TGF-β₁ mRNA level, significantly. The antioxidant capacity, the cell percentages of S phase and Smad 7 expression were significantly increased by rutin. These results suggest that rutin is a potent protective agent against glomerulosclerosis in DN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
authors.forename: Dao-quan
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ya-qin
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yuan-yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Xiao-xing
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Dong-zhi
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.forename: Xiang-lan
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000517:prevention & control; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D050527:Mesangial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D003470:Culture Media; D007797:Laminin; D020011:Protective Agents; D051899:Smad2 Protein; C497784:Smad2 protein, rat; D051900:Smad3 Protein; C497787:Smad3 protein, rat; D051906:Smad7 Protein; C497808:Smad7 protein, rat; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D012431:Rutin; D002216:Captopril; D005947:Glucose