title: Effect of vitamin C and iron chelation on diesel exhaust particle and carbon black induced oxidative damage and cell adhesion molecule expression in human endothelial cells.
abstract: Exposure to particulate matter is associated with oxidative stress and risk of cardiovascular diseases. We investigated if vitamin C and desferrioxamine (iron chelator) altered the levels of oxidative stress and expression of cell adhesion molecules upon exposure to diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and carbon black in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). We found that the particles were only slightly cytotoxic in the high concentration ranges. Particle-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was attenuated by vitamin C administration or iron chelation and particularly when combined (p<0.001). Only desferrioxamine protected the DNA from oxidative damage in terms of strand breaks and formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase sensitive sites induced by carbon black (p<0.01). Carbon black and small sized DEP generated from an Euro4 engine increased the surface expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1, whereas DEP from an engine representing an old combustion type engine (SRM2975) with larger particles did not affect the expression of cell adhesion molecules. These effects were also attenuated by desferrioxamine but not vitamin C. The study shows that exposure to carbon black and DEP in HUVECs can generate both oxidative stress and expression of cell surface adhesion molecules and that these effects can in part be attenuated by vitamin C and desferrioxamine.
authors.affiliation: Section of Biomedicine, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Henriette
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frikke-Schmidt
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roursgaard
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lykkesfeldt
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Loft
authors.forename: Jacob Klenø
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nøjgaard
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Møller
mesh_terms: D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004249:DNA Damage; D003676:Deferoxamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010316:Particle Size; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D053260:Soot / Q000633:toxicity*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D053260:Soot; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D003676:Deferoxamine; D001205:Ascorbic Acid