title: Effect of siloxane quantity and ph of silane coupling agents and contact angle of resin bonding agent on bond durability of resin cements to machinable ceramic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to measure siloxane quantity, pH value, and resin wettability on ceramics silanized by five silane coupling agents, and to test the correlation of these parameters of silane coupling agents with bond durability between a machinable glass ceramic and resin cements.
  
  
  METHODS
  1.5-mm-thick ceramic plates (ProCAD, Ivoclar Vivadent) were polished, cleaned, and bonded with ten combinations of five silane coupling agents (Monobond S [Ivoclar Vivadent], Rely X Ceramic Primer [3M], Clearfil Ceramic Primer [Kuraray], GC Ceramic Primer [GC], Porcelain Liner M [Sun Medical]) and two dual-curing resin cements (VariolinkII [VLII, Ivoclar Vivadent], Linkmax HV [LMHV, GC]). Their microshear bond strength was measured after 0, 10,000, and 30,000 thermal cycles. Siloxane quantity, pH value of silane coupling agents and contact angle of Heliobond (Ivoclar Vivadent) to silanized ceramic were measured using a FTIR spectrophotometer, pH-indicator strips, and a contact-angle meter, respectively. Bond strength data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA. For each cement, Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated to analyze possible correlation between bond strength under different thermocycling conditions and absorbance peak of siloxane, pH value of silane coupling agents, and contact angle of resin to the silanized ceramic surface.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bond strength of ceramic was significantly influenced by the silane coupling agent and thermal cycles, not by resin cement. For both cements, only a negative correlation was found to be significant between the contact angle of resin to silanized ceramic surfaces and bond strength after 30,000 thermal cycles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The better the wettability of resin on different silanized ceramic surfaces could improve their bond durability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, The Stomatological Hospital Affiliated Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. mengsoar@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Xiangfeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yohsuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
mesh_terms: D001840:Dental Bonding; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D019279:Resin Cements; D055116:Self-Curing of Dental Resins; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012833:Siloxanes; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D012833:Siloxanes; D003776:Dental Porcelain