title: Sigmoid colon metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem worldwide, and it has a poor prognosis. Extrahepatic metastasis from HCC is not unusual, with direct invasion representing the main spreading mode. Sites that are frequently involved are the lung, bone, and lymph nodes. There are few reports of HCC invading the distant gastrointestinal tract, especially hematogenously. Herein we report a case of sigmoid colon metastasis from HCC. The patient was diagnosed with HCC and treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE). Eighteen months after TACE the patient presented with abdominal pain on the left lower quadrant, and a CT scan showed an enhanced mass on the sigmoid colon. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that a tumor cell was positive for polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen and weakly positive for hepatocyte antigen, supporting the diagnosis of HCC metastasis. The patient underwent anterior resection for the metastatic HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Dong Jun
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Young Hwa
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Yoon Seon
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sung Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Joo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yu Mi
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mi Jung
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012811:Sigmoid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen