title: Fish T cells: recent advances through genomics.
abstract: This brief review is intended to provide a concise overview of the current literature concerning T cells, advances in identifying distinct T cell functional subsets, and in distinguishing effector cells from memory cells. We compare and contrast a wealth of recent progress made in T cell immunology of teleost, elasmobranch, and agnathan fish, to knowledge derived from mammalian T cell studies. From genome studies, fish clearly have most components associated with T cell function and we can speculate on the presence of putative T cell subsets, and the ability to detect their differentiation to form memory cells. Some recombinant proteins for T cell associated cytokines and antibodies for T cell surface receptors have been generated that will facilitate studying the functional roles of teleost T cells during immune responses. Although there is still a long way to go, major advances have occurred in recent years for investigating T cell responses, thus phenotypic and functional characterization is on the near horizon.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine and Infectious Diseases Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer, Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Kerry J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Laing
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D056704:Adaptive Immunity; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D014644:Genetic Variation; D023281:Genomics / Q000379:methods*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D016207:Cytokines; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors