title: Regenerative endodontic treatment (revascularization) for necrotic immature permanent molars: a review and report of two cases with a new biomaterial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Revascularization is a valuable treatment in immature necrotic teeth that allows the continuation of root development. In this article we describe successful revascularization treatment of 2 necrotic immature first mandibular molars.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical and radiographic examinations showed extensive coronal caries, immature roots, and periapical radiolucencies in mandibular first molars of a 9-year-old boy and an 8-year-old girl. The exam findings suggested revascularization treatment in both cases, which was started with irrigation of the canals by using NaOCl 5.25% for 20 minutes, followed by 3 weeks of triple antibiotic (metronidazole, ciprofloxacin, and minocycline) paste dressing. Next, the antibiotic paste was removed, bleeding was induced in the canals, and calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement was placed over blood clots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In radiographic and clinical follow-ups both cases were asymptomatic and functional, periapical radiolucencies were healed, and roots continued to develop.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Revascularization is a realistic treatment in immature necrotic molars. In addition, placing CEM cement as a new endodontic biomaterial over the blood clot formed inside the canals provided good seal and favorable outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran. ansrt2@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nosrat
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seifi
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asgary
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D056624:Apexification / Q000379:methods*; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010482:Periapical Abscess / Q000628:therapy; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000628:therapy; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003738:Dental Cements; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D008795:Metronidazole; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D008911:Minocycline; D002118:Calcium