title: Effect of cigarette smoking on platelet aggregation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cigarette smoking may increase platelet aggregation and cause atherothrombotic cardiovascular events. We aimed to investigate the impact of cigarette smoking on platelet function in patients with ischemic coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with ischemic stable CHD under aspirin therapy (300 mg/d), who continue to smoking despite all warnings, and 20 nonsmokers with CHD are enrolled in the study. Platelet function is studied at the morning, before and 15 minutes after the first cigarette, by the Platelet Function Analyzer (PFA)-100, with collagen and epinephrine and collagen and adenosine diphosphate cartridges. Post aspirin platelet hyperactivity is defined as having a closure time (CT) shorter than 186 seconds despite regular aspirin intake. Serial CT measurements are analyzed by paired samples t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Persistent platelet activity was present in 4 smoker (20%) and 3 nonsmoker (15%) patients at the beginning. Platelet activity measured by the PFA-100 is been increased significantly after cigarette smoking (P = .004). Shorter CTs were determined after smoking in all patients with and without baseline persistent platelet activity, and 4 more participants became aspirin nonresponder (P = .004). No significant differences in demographic, hematological, and biochemical parameters were determined between aspirin responders and nonresponders.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We determined that cigarette smoking may increase platelet aggregation in patients with ischemic CHD in an aspirin nonresponsive manner. Our results emphasize the importance of quitting cigarette smoking in patients with CHD.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Istanbul, Turkey. bpamukcu@gmail.com
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pamukcu
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oflaz
authors.forename: Imran
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Onur
authors.forename: Arif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cimen
authors.forename: Yilmaz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nisanci
mesh_terms: D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010979:Platelet Function Tests / Q000379:methods; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D001241:Aspirin