title: Improved growth and anemia in HIV-infected African children taking cotrimoxazole prophylaxis.
abstract: The impact of cotrimoxazole (CTX) on growth and/or anemia was investigated in 541 human immunodeficiency virus-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naive Zambian children enrolled in the Children with HIV Antibiotic Prophylaxis trial. Compared with children randomized to receive placebo, children randomized to receive CTX had slower decreases in weight-for-age (P=.04) and height-for-age (P=.01), and greater increase in hemoglobin level (P=.01). These findings argue for expanded early CTX use.
authors.affiliation: MRC Clinical Trials Unit, London, United Kingdom. ajp@ctu.mrc.ac.uk
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prendergast
authors.forename: A Sarah
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mulenga
authors.forename: Chifumbe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chintu
authors.forename: Diana M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gibb
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000740:Anemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D018890:Chemoprevention / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008288:Malaria / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D010919:Placebos / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015024:Zambia
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010919:Placebos; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination