title: [Mechanism of advanced glycation end-products in the inducement of apoptosis of human gingival fibroblast and related effect of puerarin in the process].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the effect of synthesized advanced glycation end-products (AGE) on reactive oxygen species formation and apoptosis of the cultured human gingival fibroblast and investigate the potential mechanisms of AGE in the modification of periodontal impairment.
  
  
  METHODS
  AGE products with different concentrations [0, 50, 150 mg/L AGE-human serum albumin (AGE-HSA)] were incubated with human gingival fibroblast for 48 h, respestively. Flow cytometry was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species and cell apoptosis. The culture media with 50 mg/L AGE-HSA was exposed to 0.24 mmol/L puerarin for 48 h and then cell apoptosis was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The values of cellular apoptotic rate in 0, 50, 150 mg/L AGE-HSA groups were (1.60 ± 0.30)%, (29.43 ± 1.45)%, (49.20 ± 4.43)%, respectively. The differences between each AGE-HSA group and control were statistically significant (P < 0.05). AGE-HSA increased cell apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner (150 mg/L > 50 mg/L > 0 mg/L, P < 0.05). The cellular fluorescence intensity value was elevated as the concentration of AGE-HSA increased (P < 0.05). After incubation of human gingival fibroblast with AGE-HSA for 48 h, there was a significant decrease in apoptotic rate in puerarin group [(6.37 ± 3.02)%], compared with the control [(29.43 ± 1.45)%, P < 0.05].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AGE can stimulate apoptosis of human gingival fibroblast, which may be mediated by oxidative stress. Puerarin may protect periodontal tissues by inhibiting the apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Guanghua School and Hospital of Stomatology & Institute of Stomatological Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China.
authors.forename: Hui-Xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Hua-Jing
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D029908:Pueraria / Q000737:chemistry; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007529:Isoflavones; D012709:Serum Albumin; C109748:advanced glycation end products-human serum albumin; C033607:puerarin; D000075462:Serum Albumin, Human