title: Diabetes results in structural alteration of chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate in the rat kidney: effects on the binding to extracellular matrix components.
abstract: Chondroitin sulfate (CS)/dermatan sulfate (DS) is a group of sulfated polymers, which play an essential role in various biological phenomena. In the kidney, they are present in small but significant amounts. Studies on their structure-function relationship in the kidney and their changes during diabetic conditions have not been rigorously looked into, which is the focus of this paper. The CS/DS content decreased significantly (14%) during diabetic conditions. This was accompanied by a decrease in the CS/heparan sulfate ratio. Disaccharide composition analysis revealed fine structural changes especially with respect to the E unit [glucuronic acid β1-3 N-acetyl d-galactosamine (4,6-O-sulfate)] and the degree of sulfation. The mRNA expression levels of major enzymes involved in the synthesis of the "E"-disaccharide unit showed a decrease during diabetes. The changes in CS/DS had implications on ligand-binding properties when tested in vitro for binding to major extracellular matrix (ECM) components such as type IV collagen, laminin and fibronectin. Thus, this study provides insights into the structure-function relationship of CS/DS in the kidney during diabetes and alterations of which could aggravate conditions such as diabetic nephropathy by virtue of them being a part of ECM components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, Karnataka, India.
authors.forename: Darukeshwara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Joladarashi
authors.forename: Paramahans V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Salimath
authors.forename: Nandini D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Chilkunda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; C069524:dermatan sulfate chondroitin sulfate; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; C416670:N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfate 6-O-sulfotransferase; D015238:Sulfotransferases; C438013:dermatan-4-sulfotransferase-1