title: Relationship of adiponectin with metabolic syndrome components in pubertal children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adiponectin is an adipose tissue-derived adipocytokine which appears in decreased concentrations in obese patients and in several processes related to cardiovascular disease, such as type 2 diabetes or metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between adiponectin and components of metabolic syndrome (lipid profile, blood pressure, insulin and insulin resistance) in pubertal Spanish children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The population-based sample included 810 healthy children (382 boys and 428 girls) 12-16 years of age. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured. Lipid levels were determined by standard methods, and insulin and adiponectin concentrations were measured by ELISA. Insulin resistance index was assessed by HOMA-IR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adiponectin levels were negatively correlated with insulin and HOMA in both boys and girls, and remained significant after adjustment for BMI z-score in girls. After this adjustment, adiponectin maintained a positive correlation with HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids in both genders, and correlated with triglycerides in girls. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that, after adjustment for BMI z-score, adiponectin accounted for 15.8% of the variation of HDL-cholesterol in girls and for 5% of its variation in boys; meanwhile, it accounted for 15.8% and 12.7% of the variation of HDL-phospholipids in girls and boys, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adiponectin levels in 12- to 16-year-old children appear to be more strongly related to better lipid profile and insulin sensitivity in girls than in boys. Our study shows, for the first time to our knowledge, a significant positive correlation between adiponectin and HDL-phospholipids in pubertal children.
authors.affiliation: Lipid Research Unit, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Avda. Reyes Católicos, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Pía
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riestra
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Anguita
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lasunción
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cano
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Oya
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcés
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002648:Child; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D010743:Phospholipids