title: DNA damage in caged Gammarus fossarum amphipods: a tool for freshwater genotoxicity assessment.
abstract: The aim of this study was to propose a tool for freshwater environmental genotoxicity assessment using Gammarus fossarum, a high ecologically relevant species. In a first part, gammarids were caged upstream and downstream wastewater treatment plant effluent output. The sensitivity of genotoxic responses of haemocytes, oocytes and spermatozoa was compared using the Comet assay. Spermatozoa appeared to be the most sensitive, suitable and relevant cell type for genotoxicity risk assessment. In a second part, a watershed-scale study was conducted over 2 years to evaluate the applicability of our caging procedure. The genotoxic impact of a contamination was followed, taking into account seasonal variability. DNA damage in spermatozoa exhibited low basal level and low variability in control upstream sites, providing a reliable discrimination of polluted sites. Finally, DNA damage in caged G. fossarum has been proved to be a sensitive and reproducible tool for freshwater genotoxicity assessment.
authors.affiliation: Université de Lyon, INRA-ENTPE, Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement, rue Maurice Audin, Vaulx en Velin F-69518, France.
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lacaze
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Devaux
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mons
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bony
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garric
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geffard
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Geffard
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry; D006434:Hemocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008670:Metals; D009153:Mutagens; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical