title: Efficacy of mineral trioxide aggregate as an apical plug in non-vital young permanent teeth: preliminary results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) clinically and radiographically as material used to induce root end closure in nonvital permanent teeth with immature apices (apexification) in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 30 non vital young permanent, single rooted teeth of 22 children between 8 and 13 years of age. Treatment followed a standard non-surgical root canal treatment protocol and the root canal was filled with a apical plug of 4-5 mm of MTA (white MTA--Angelus, Brazil), followed by gutta-percha obturation. The children were reviewed for 1 year at 3 month interval and the teeth were assessed clinically and radiographically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MTA showed success rate of 100% both clinically and radiographically at the 12th months follow up and root end closure was seen in 86.6% of cases and root growth in 30% of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTA showed clinical and radiographic success as an apexification material by inducing root end closure and root growth in non-vital young permanent teeth.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentsitry, Ragas Dental College & Hospital, Chennai, India. dras4me@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Sankar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Annamalai
authors.forename: Jayanthi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mungara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056624:Apexification / Q000379:methods*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003790:Dental Pulp Necrosis / Q000628:therapy; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development; D010087:Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010483:Periapical Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D017640:Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D006171:Gutta-Percha