title: Current perspectives on Gleason grading of prostate cancer.
abstract: The 5-tier Gleason grading system for prostate cancer, introduced in 1966, has been proven to be one of the main independent predictors of prostate cancer outcome. This review addresses interobserver concordance in Gleason grading; the persistence of grading discrepancies with frequent upgrading from the biopsy to the prostatectomy specimen; the 2005 International Society of Urologic Pathologists' modifications to Gleason grading; the impact of this modified grading on grade migration and outcome prediction; and molecular correlates of cancer morphology. Data from the most recent years are emphasized.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Denver School of Medicine, RC-1 North, 12800 East 19th Avenue, Campus Mail Stop 8104, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. betsyandkenneth@yahoo.com.
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Iczkowski
authors.forename: M Scott
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lucia
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000145:classification*; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis