title: TGF-B1 pathway as biological marker of bladder carcinoma schistosomal and non-schistosomal.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Study TGF-β1 pathway in bladder carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-one patients were enrolled: 16 chronic cystitis and 60 malignant bladder lesions; 15 schistosomal squamous cell carcinoma (SQCC), 45 transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). Five healthy individuals served as controls. mTGF-β1, protein, and its receptor expression in urine and bladder tissue were measured using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical techniques, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of TGF-mRNA in invasive TCC group was compared with superficial TCC, high grade TCC was compared with low grade, and SQCC was compared with TCC. TGF-β1 protein and its receptor I (TGF-βR1) were overexpressed in urine samples in malignant group compared with chronic cystitis and in SQCC group compared with TCC group. TGF-ß1 protein and its receptor were significantly increased in schistosomal malignant group compared with non-schistosomal group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of TGF-ß1 and TGF-ßR1 could be used as biological markers of bladder carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. olfatshaker@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Olfat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shaker
authors.forename: Olfat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hammam
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wishahi
authors.forename: Mamdouh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roshdi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I