title: 4-Hexylresorcinol inhibits transglutaminase-2 activity and has synergistic effects along with cisplatin in KB cells.
abstract: Resistance to chemotherapy is very important in the prognosis of tumors. Transglutaminase-2 (TG-2) mediated chemotherapy resistance has been widely reported. The objective of this study was to demonstrate the effect of 4-hexylresorcinol (4-HR) on TG-2 activity in nasopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma cells (KB cells). Treatment with a mixture of 4-HR and cisplatin significantly decreased KB cell viability compared to treatment by cisplatin alone at 10 µg/ml (p<0.001). 4-HR inhibited TG-2 activity compared to cisplatin alone at 5, 10 and 20 µg/ml (p = 0.001, 0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Nuclear translocation of TG-2 was also inhibited by 4-HR treatment. 4-HR treatment also increased the fluorescence life-time of DAPI significantly compared to the untreated control or the cisplatin treated group (p<0.001). In conclusion, 4-HR inhibited TG-2 activity and showed a synergistic effect on tumor cell growth inhibition with cisplatin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Gon
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Young-Wook
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ji-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: An-Sook
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Je-Yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Weon-Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006586:Hexanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006604:Hexylresorcinol; D006801:Humans; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D012118:Resorcinols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D006586:Hexanes; D012118:Resorcinols; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002945:Cisplatin; D006604:Hexylresorcinol