title: A meta-analysis of the association between pre-eclampsia and childhood-onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review and synthesize the evidence for an increased risk of childhood Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children born to mothers diagnosed with pre-eclampsia during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comprehensive search of the published literature was performed in MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE limited to studies published before August 2010. Crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated from the data reported in each study. Meta-analysis techniques were then used to derive a combined odds ratio and investigate heterogeneity. Sensitivity analyses were conducted by study design, ascertainment of pre-eclampsia and study quality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data were available from 16 studies including 8315 children with Type 1 diabetes. Overall, there was little evidence of an increase in the risk of Type 1 diabetes in children born to mothers who had pre-eclampsia during pregnancy (OR = 1.10, 95% CI 0.96-1.27; P = 0.17). This association did not vary much between studies (I(2) = 28%, P for heterogeneity =0.14). The association was similar in three cohort studies (OR = 1.05, 95% CI 0.77-1.44; P = 0.75) and in seven studies with a low risk of bias (OR = 1.13, 95% CI 0.91-1.40; P = 0.27), but was more marked in 13 studies which ascertained pre-eclampsia from obstetrical records or birth registry data (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.03-1.36; P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This analysis demonstrates little evidence of any substantial increase in childhood Type 1 diabetes risk after pregnancy complicated by pre-eclampsia.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, UK.
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cardwell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors