title: Oxidative stress and DNA damage responses in rat and mouse lung to inhaled carbon nanoparticles.
abstract: We have investigated whether short-term nose-only inhalation exposure to electric spark discharge-generated carbon nanoparticles (∼60 nm) causes oxidative stress and DNA damage responses in the lungs of rats (152 μg/m(3); 4 h) and mice (142 μg/m(3); 4 h, or three times 4 h). In both species, no pulmonary inflammation and toxicity were detected by bronchoalveolar lavage or mRNA expression analyses. Oxidative DNA damage (measured by fpg-comet assay), was also not increased in mouse whole lung tissue or isolated lung epithelial cells from rat. In addition, the mRNA expressions of the DNA base excision repair genes OGG1, DNA Polβ and XRCC1 were not altered. However, in the lung epithelial cells isolated from the nanoparticle-exposed rats a small but significant increase in APE-1 mRNA expression was measured. Thus, short-term inhalation of carbon nanoparticles under the applied exposure regimen, does not cause oxidative stress and DNA damage in the lungs of healthy mice and rats.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung (IUF) an der Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf gGmbH, Germany.
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wessels
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Berlo
authors.forename: Agnes W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Boots
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gerloff
authors.forename: Agnes M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Scherbart
authors.forename: Flemming R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Cassee
authors.forename: Miriam E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gerlofs-Nijland
authors.forename: Frederik-Jan
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Van Schooten
authors.forename: Catrin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Roel P F
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Schins
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002244:Carbon / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002244:Carbon