title: Glutamate level detection by magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with post-stroke depression.
abstract: In recent studies, the glutamate (Glu) level has been quantified using the modified STEAM sequence on 3T MRI. We enrolled 15 healthy volunteers and a group of 51 patients who experienced stroke for the first time and had a good prognosis. The patients with infarction were divided into three groups according to their scores by using the DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder and the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS). We studied the association between post-stroke depression and (1)H-MRS measurements in unaffected frontal lobes. Single-voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS) was performed to assess N-acetylaspartate/creatine (NAA)/Cr, (Glu)/Cr, choline (Cho)/Cr, and myoinositol (mI)/Cr ratios in stroke patients. The 11 patients (21.5%) who met the criteria for depression and 9 patients (17.6%) who had a high score for HDRS, (>14) but were not depressed, had a significantly higher Glu/Cr ratio than patients who scored ≤14 on HDRS and control groups (p < 0.001). No differences were found in NAA/Cr, Cho/Cr, or mI/Cr between the groups after stroke. These findings suggest that post-stroke depression is accompanied by changes in glutamate levels in the frontal lobe.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, The Sixth Affiliated People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No. 600, Yi Shan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ming-Hua
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jun-Gong
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiao-Jiang
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011522:Protons; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007294:Inositol; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine