title: Herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1) replicates in mature dendritic cells but can only be transferred in a cell-cell contact-dependent manner.
abstract: HSV-1 is a very successful representative of the α-herpesvirus family, and ∼ 90% of the population is seropositive for this particular virus. Although the pathogen usually causes the well-known mild lesions on the lips, also, severe infections of the eye or the brain can be observed in rare cases. It is well known, that this virus can efficiently infect the most potent APCs, i.e., the DCs, in their immature and mature state. Although the infection of the iDC has been shown to be productive, infection of mMDDCs is believed to be abortive in the early phase of the viral replication cycle. In line with these findings, no virus particles can be detected in the supernatant of HSV-1-infected mMDDC. In this study, however, we show for the first time that this pathogen completes its replication cycle in mMDDCs. We detected the presence of viral gene transcripts of all three phases of the replication cycle, as well as of late viral proteins, and even the generation of small amounts of progeny virus. Although we could confirm the findings that these particles are not released into the supernatant, surprisingly, the newly generated viral particles can be passed on to Vero cells, as well as to primary keratinocytes in a cell-cell contact-dependent manner. Finally, we provide evidence that the viral gE is involved in the transfer of infectious virus from mMDDCs to other permissive cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunemodulation, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goldwich
authors.forename: Alexander T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Prechtel
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mühl-Zürbes
authors.forename: Nadine M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Pangratz
authors.forename: Hella
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stössel
authors.forename: Nikolaus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Romani
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steinkasserer
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kummer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002450:Cell Communication; D002465:Cell Movement; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000635:transmission*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014709:Vero Cells; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins