title: In vivo and ex vivo protocols for measuring the killing of extracellular pathogens by macrophages.
abstract: This unit describes a series of in vivo/ex vivo combined protocols for investigating the interactions (adhesion, phagocytosis, and killing) of extracellular bacteria with peritoneal murine macrophages. It includes steps needed for in vivo infection of murine peritoneal macrophages after intraperitoneal inoculation with the pathogen of interest, as well as the measurement of bacteria associated with or truly internalized by these phagocytic cells. Several protocols for the ex vivo measurement of the ability of peritoneal macrophages to kill the microorganisms that have been ingested during the in vivo infection assay are included.
authors.affiliation: Infection Immunology Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goldmann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000276:immunology*