title: Frequency and predictors of renal artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal artery stenosis (RAS) is a common finding in patients undergoing coronary angiography. We designed this study to look for the frequency and any predictors of renal artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 201 consecutive patients with CAD confirmed by coronary angiography underwent an abdominal aortogram in the same sitting to screen for RAS. Patient demographics and co-morbidities were analysed for any association with RAS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one of the patients were female (20.4%); ninety patients were hypertensive (44.8%); 49 patients (24.4%) were smokers; 19 patients (9.5%) had renal insufficiency; 88 patients (43.8%) had high cholesterol levels; 44 patients (21.9%) were diabetic. Thirty-two patients (15.9%) had single coronary artery disease, 59 patients (29.4%) had two vessel disease, and 110 patients (54.7%) had three vessel disease. Significant renal artery stenosis (> or = 50% stenosis) was present in 26 patients (12.9%). Among the variables studied, only female gender was found to be associated with a higher frequency of renal artery stenosis (24.39% vs 10.0%, p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency of renal artery stenosis in patients with coronary artery disease is 12.9%. Female gender is associated with a higher frequency of renal artery stenosis in patients with CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Bacha Khan Medical College, Mardan, Pakistan. ssadiqshahpk@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S Sadiq
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Lubna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Noor
authors.forename: Shah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawar
authors.forename: Zahid Aslam
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Awan
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hafeezullah
authors.forename: Sher Bahadar
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001027:Aortography; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors