title: Protective effects of hyperoside against carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in mice.
abstract: In this study, the hepatoprotective effects of hyperoside (1), a flavonoid glycoside isolated from Artemisia capillaris, have been examined against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver injury. Mice were treated intraperitoneally with vehicle or 1 (50, 100, and 200 mg·kg(-1)) 30 min before and 2 h after CCl4 (20 μL·kg(-1)) injection. Levels of serum aminotransferases were increased 24 h after CCl4 injection, and these increases were attenuated by 1. Histological analysis showed that 1 prevented portal inflammation, centrizonal necrosis, and Kupffer cell hyperplasia. Lipid peroxidation was increased and hepatic glutathione content was decreased significantly after CCl4 treatment, and these changes were reduced by administration of 1. Protein and mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) significantly increased after CCl4 injection. Compound 1 suppressed TNF-α, iNOS, and COX-2 protein and mRNA expression and augmented HO-1 protein and mRNA expression and Nrf2 nuclear protein expression. These results suggest that 1 has protective effects against CCl4-induced acute liver injury, and this protection is likely due to enhancement of the antioxidative defense system and suppression of the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeongi-do, 440-746, Korea.
authors.forename: Jun-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Dong-Wook
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nari
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Jae-Sue
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Md Nurul
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Yeong-Shik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun-Mee
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002252:Carbon Tetrachloride Poisoning / Q000473:pathology; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011794:Quercetin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C021304:hyperoside; D011794:Quercetin; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2