title: Alteration of G1/S transition regulators influences recurrences in head and neck squamous carcinomas.
abstract: Head-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HN-SCC) is a clinically challenging disease associated with a high mortality rate. The chemo-radiotherapy treatments that aim to preserve the organ represent the current gold standard therapy for advanced laryngeal disease, reserving surgery only for non-responsive or relapsed cases. Despite these aggressive approaches, local persistent or recurrent disease remains the primary cause of treatment failure but we still do not have known factors and/or markers able to predict the outcome of the disease and in particular the risk of local relapse. Here we address this point on a series of 54 cases of HN-SCC for whom the presence of local relapse was known. Using immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis to evaluate protein expression and localization in the recurrence free and recurrence positive samples, we studied the expression of key cell cycle regulators including p53, p16, p27, pRB, Cyclin D1, Cyclin D3, and Stathmin. Overall by analyzing seven different cell cycle regulators we can hypothesize that the alteration of G1/S regulation represents a fundamental event in the onset/progression of HN-SCC cancers and that the associate use of Cyclin D1/p16 expression should be considered as a possible biomarker toward the identification of those patients that will probably develop a recurrent disease and thus should benefit of a more aggressive treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pathology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, IRCCS, Aviano, Italy. vcanzonieri@cro.it
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Canzonieri
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barzan
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franchin
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaccher
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talamini
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sulfaro
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baldassarre
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D056743:Cyclin D3 / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000502:physiology; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D056743:Cyclin D3; D019938:Cyclin D1