title: A video ethnography approach to assessing the ecological validity of neurocognitive and functional measures in severe mental illness: results from a feasibility study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ecological validity of neurocognitive and functional measures in severe mental illness is poorly understood because of a lack of validated research methods to study community life-as-lived. We describe the development of a video ethnography method that measures naturalistic behaviors with codes called community performance indicators (CPIs). The method could provide a strategy to test the ecological validity of neurocognitive and functional assessments.
  
  
  METHODS
  We gathered up to 18.5 hours of video ethnography data on each of 9 subjects with schizophrenia selected for high or low composite scores on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB). We used video ethnography to capture subjects' everyday behaviors in their usual environments. We established 4 CPIs that showed excellent inter-rater and promising test-retest reliability: (1) behavioral activity level, (2) goal pursuit, (3) social interaction, and (4) problem solving.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) High and low MCCB subjects showed statistically significantly differences on all 4 CPIs. (2) MCCB composite scores were correlated with all 4 CPIs (r = .54 to -.77, P < .01 to .07). (3) The MCCB domain scores demonstrated some specificity in their correlations with the CPIs; eg, verbal learning, reasoning/problem solving, and social cognition were correlated with CPI domains of social interaction and problem solving.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present a method for reliably measuring everyday functional performance in schizophrenia. Results from a small select sample suggest that CPIs capture skills associated with neurocognition, supporting their use in a larger study of ecological validity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute, Center for Health Services and Society, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. ebromley@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bromley
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mikesell
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mates
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brekke
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D000884:Anthropology, Cultural; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015588:Observer Variation; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012919:Social Behavior; D012931:Social Environment; D014741:Video Recording