title: Vascular endothelial growth factors and angiopoietins in presentations and prognosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Angiogenesis from thyroid cancer cell plays the important roles in post-surgical persistent, recurrent, and metastatic papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). This study is to investigate the expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tek/Tie-2 receptor, and vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) in normal, benign thyroid tissues and different stage of PTC. We expect angiogenetic factors are important in the presentation of local-regional neck or distant metastases in PTC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 101 tissues from the subjects underwent thyroidectomy were enrolled in the study. There were 22 control and 79 thyroid cancer patients in different TNM stagings were collected. Ang-1 illustrated highest mean immunostaining score in metastatic group. Comparing with normal and benign thyroid tissues, thyroid cancer tissues illustrated significantly high expression of three angiogenetic factors and Tie-2 receptor. Of the PTC, significantly high expression of three angiogenetic factors and Tie-2 receptor were illustrated in recurrent cases. VEGF showed statistical difference in disease-free cancer mortality, and recurrent groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immunochemical staining illustrated VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2 expression in PTC tissues related to clinical staging; however, we need more information concerning these factors with long-term follow-up results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Chuen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: Jen-Der
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: I-Chin
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tzu-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Jau-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Miaw-Jene
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Liou
authors.forename: Chi-Ju
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Yeh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002277:Carcinoma; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D000077273:Thyroid Cancer, Papillary; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2