title: Identification of micro-organisms after milliflex rapid detection--a possibility to identify nonsterile findings in the milliflex rapid sterility test.
abstract: The Milliflex Rapid System is used as a rapid microbiological method based on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence in the pharmaceutical industry to quantify the amount of micro-organisms present in water and in bioburden samples. The system can also be used for qualitative analyses, for example, to perform a rapid sterility test. This rapid sterility test has been successfully validated and implemented at Novartis and Sandoz. As the reagents used for the ATP bioluminescence reaction, which are directly sprayed on a micro-colony, disrupt the walls/membranes of the present cells to release ATP and therefore no intact cells for subsequent identification were believed to be present, the identification was supposed to be impossible until now. During development and validation of a rapid sterility test with the Milliflex Rapid System, a possibility to identify contaminants was found. A method based on regrowth of the Milliflex Rapid-treated microbial cells and consecutive genotypic identification reproduced feasible and robust results. The data presented here show that sufficient recovery of the micro-colonies detected with the Milliflex Rapid System was reached with the test strains, except with Penicillium spec. The chosen micro-organisms represent the full spectrum of environmental isolates and ATCC strains, and it was shown that they are not destroyed after application of the reagents for the ATP bioluminescence reaction. Overall, 22 stressed microbial strains were examined during the study.
  After Milliflex Rapid System detection, it was supposed that a subsequent identification of the contaminant is not possible. In this paper it is shown how contaminants can be identified in the rapid sterility test application.
authors.affiliation: Quality Assurance/Biological and Microbiological Services, Novartis Pharma Stein AG, Stein CH-4332, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Jennifer C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morandell
authors.forename: Günther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gapp
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.forename: Gunther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neuhaus
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Staerk
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004345:Drug Industry; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D017053:Infection Control; D007246:Infertility; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate