title: [Cohort study of peripheral catheter related complications and identification of predictive factors in a population of orthopedic patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peripheral venous catheters (PVC) may cause complications, specifically local. Their management varies across health care workers and wards, and guidelines recommendations are often weak and based on experts' opinion.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the incidence of PVCs phlebitis, occlusions, accidental removal and infiltrations and their predictive factors in an orthopedic population.
  
  
  METHODS
  From may 4 2009 to 30, in an orthopedic hospital, data on patients to whom a PVC was inserted were collected: patient's and PVC characteristics, management and securing strategies, until one of the following outcomes: phlebitis, occlusion, accidental removal, infiltration or end of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 873 patients were recruited and 139 PVCs. The following complications occurred: phlebitis 10.9%; occlusions 16.8%; accidental removals 5.8%, local infiltrations 14.4%; 648 PVCs (46.5%) were removed without complications. The risk for all complications (multivariate analysis) increased with age and for the other complications also with the administration of blood transfusions thorough PVC, irritant drugs and use >3 times/day for phlebitis; small gauge, not using PVC and surgical site infections for occlusions; positioning the PVC in the hand and fixing the PVC with the Chevron method for accidental removals; and female sex, transfusions and thromboembolic therapy for infiltrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of phlebitis is high compared to the gold standard of 5%. Knowing the incidence of main complications is a requirement for any improvement strategy and may favor the abandonment of useless or dangerous practices.
authors.affiliation: Centro di Ricerca delle Professioni Sanitarie, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Forni
authors.forename: Loretta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Loro
authors.forename: Morena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tremosini
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trofa
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sabbatini
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kapron
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Genco
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schiavone
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Borri
authors.forename: Caterina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bombino
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Notarnicola
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amodeo
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Boschi
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Capezzali
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mosci
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006761:Hospitals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009985:Orthopedics; D010689:Phlebitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006493:Heparin