title: Association of the calcyon neuron-specific vesicular protein gene (CALY) with adolescent smoking initiation in China and California.
abstract: Although previous investigations have indicated a role for genetic factors in smoking initiation, the underlying genetic mechanisms are still unknown. In 2,339 adolescents from a Chinese Han population in the Wuhan Smoking Prevention Trial (Wuhan, China, 1998-1999), the authors explored the association of 57 genes in the dopamine pathway with smoking initiation. Using a conservative approach for declaring significance, positive findings were further examined in an independent sample of 603 Caucasian adolescents followed for up to 10 years as part of the Children's Health Study (Southern California, 1993-2009). The authors identified 1 single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2298122) in the calcyon neuron-specific vesicular protein gene (CALY) that was positively associated with smoking initiation in females (odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval: 1.49, 3.27; P = 8.4 × 10(-5)) in the Wuhan Smoking Prevention Trial cohort, and they replicated the association in females from the Children's Health Study cohort (hazard rate ratio = 2.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.27, 3.31; P = 0.003). These results suggest that the CALY gene may influence smoking initiation in adolescents, although the potential roles of underlying psychological characteristics that may be components of the smoking-initiation phenotype, such as impulsivity or novelty-seeking, remain to be explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Dalin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Stephanie J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: London
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wonho
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Xuejuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Den Berg
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Bergen
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nishita
authors.forename: Nahid
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Waleh
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Swan
authors.forename: Peggy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gallaher
authors.forename: Chih-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Jennifer B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: W James
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Gauderman
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gilliland
authors.forename: C Anderson
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: David V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; C405464:calcyon