title: Disinfection of greywater effluent and regrowth potential of selected bacteria.
abstract: Chlorination and UV irradiation of RBC (rotating biological contactor)-treated light GW (greywater) was investigated. The ability of chlorine and UV to inactivate indictor bacteria (FC - Faecal Coliforms, HPC - Heterotrophic Plate Count) and specific pathogens (P.a. - Pseudomonas aeruginosa sp., S.a. - Staphylococcus aureus sp.), was assessed and their regrowth potential was examined. The RBC removed 88.5-99.9% of all four bacteria groups. Nevertheless, the treated GW had to be disinfected. Most of the chlorine was consumed during the first 0.5 h, while later its decay rate decreased significantly, leaving enough residual after 6 h to prevent regrowth and to further inactivate bacteria in the stored GW effluent. Under exposure to low UV doses (≤69 mJ/cm(2)) FC was the most resistant bacteria group, followed by HPC, P.a. and S.a. Exposure to higher doses (≤439 mJs/cm(2)) completely inactivated FC, P.a. and S.a., while no further HPC inactivation was observed. FC, P.a. and S.a. did not exhibit regrowth after exposure to all the UV doses applied (up to 6 h storage). HPC did not exhibit regrowth after exposure to low UV doses (19-69 mJ/cm2), while it presented statistically significant regrowth in un-disinfected effluent and after exposure to higher UV doses (147-439 mJ/cm(2)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental, Water & Agricultural Engineering, Faculty of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200 Israel. eranf@tx.technion.ac.il
authors.forename: Eran
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Friedler
authors.forename: Anat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yardeni
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gilboa
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Alfiya
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002713:Chlorine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D054879:Halogenation; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D002713:Chlorine