title: [Nosocomial urinary tract infection in critical pediatric patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence, etiology and risk factors of nosocomial urinary tract infections (nUTI) in a second level Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of 104 patients admitted to the PICU with a length of stay of more than 48 hours was carried out over a one year period (January to December 2009) to study the incidence and risk factors of nUTI. Urine samples were collected and cultured in all patients admitted for more than 48 hours to our PICU. Those needing indwelling urinary catheters had urine samples collected upon admission and every 24 hours until catheter retrieval, while those who did not need catheters had samples collected upon admission and every 48 hours until discharge from the PICU.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients (5.8% of those admitted) were diagnosed of nUTI, with an incidence density of 5/1000 patients/day and 12.2/1000 catheterization days. Four of these were caused by E. coli (including a multiresistant strain), and two by C. albicans. Patients suffering nUTIs had significantly more relevant medical antecedents and a longer period of admittance than patients without nUTI. A statistically nonsignificant tendency towards increased infection risk was also found in younger patients and in those who needed an indwelling catheter for longer periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found a higher incidence density of catheter associated nUTI than in other reports. This at least partially could be due to the characteristics of our patients, and to the exhaustive methodology used for detection.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos, Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Pediatría, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cádiz, España. carlosflogon@gmail.com
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Flores-González
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-González
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-López
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Roldán-Cano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rubio-Quiñones
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quintero-Otero
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: García-Palacios
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pantoja-Rosso
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016638:Critical Illness; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology