title: In vitro biosynthesis and genotoxicity bioassay of silver nanoparticles using plants.
abstract: Silver nanoparticles (AgNP-P) from AgNO(3) were synthesized by using the broth prepared from the aromatic spath of male inflorescence of screw pine, Pandanus odorifer (Forssk.) Kuntze AgNP-P was then characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Functional groups in the broth were analyzed by Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Genotoxicity of AgNP-P was assessed by utilizing our well-established Allium cepa assay system with biomarkers including the generation reactive oxygen species (ROS: O(2)(·-) and H(2)O(2)), cell death, mitotic index, micronucleus, mitotic aberrations; and DNA damage by Comet assay. Other chemical forms of silver such as Ag(+) ion, colloidal AgCl, and AgNP-S at doses 0-80 mg L(-1) were included for comparison with AgNP-P. The results revealed that AgNP-P and AgNP-S exhibited similar biological effects in causing lesser extent of cytotoxicity and greater extent of genotoxicity than that was exhibited by Ag(+) ion alone. Among different tested chemical forms of silver, colloidal AgCl was identified to be the least cytotoxic and genotoxic. Cell death and DNA-damage induced by AgNP-P were prevented by Tiron and dimethyl thiourea that scavenge O(2)(·-) and H(2)O(2), respectively. The present findings demonstrated the role of ROS in the AgNP-induced cell death and DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology and Genomics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Berhampur 760 007, India.
authors.forename: Kamal K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.forename: V Mohan M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Achary
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krishnaveni
authors.forename: Bijaya K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Padhi
authors.forename: Sachindra N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Sarangi
authors.forename: Surendra N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Sahu
authors.forename: Brahma B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Panda
mesh_terms: D014013:1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt / Q000494:pharmacology; D000490:Allium / Q000187:drug effects*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D031673:Pandanaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012834:Silver / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D018030:Silver Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D012835:Silver Nitrate / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018030:Silver Compounds; D012834:Silver; D014013:1,2-Dihydroxybenzene-3,5-Disulfonic Acid Disodium Salt; C038983:1,3-dimethylthiourea; D012835:Silver Nitrate; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013890:Thiourea; C037548:silver chloride