title: β2 adrenergic receptor polymorphisms and nocturnal blood pressure dipping status in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study.
abstract: Nondipping nocturnal blood pressure (BP) is associated with target organ damage and cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that β1- and β2-AR-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) would associate with nondipping BP patterns. Participants (n = 497, age range 30-74 years, 40% female) of the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study with at least one ambulatory BP monitoring test were included. Nondipping was defined as less than a 10% dip in sleep BP compared with wake BP. Dipping ratios were calculated as sleep/wake BP. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the β1-AR (rs7076938, tagging for Gly389Arg) and β2-AR (rs17778257 and rs2400707, tagging for Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu) were selected. β2-AR SNP rs2400707 A-positive subjects (tagging for Glu27) had higher systolic and diastolic dipping ratios in a dose-response fashion. Systolic dipping ratios were: GG = 0.846; AG = 0.854; AA = 0.861 (P = .015). Diastolic dip ratios were: GG = 0.807; AG = 0.815; AA = 0.824 (P = .026). The β2-AR rs17778257/rs2400707 A/A haplotype was associated with dipping ratios and systolic nondipping status (nondipping odds radio 2.0 [1.0-3.8] for A/A versus A/G). Results were similar when models included participants on antihypertensive medications. Higher dipping ratios indicating a lack of nocturnal BP dipping are associated with β2-AR polymorphisms. Nocturnal dipping patterns may be modulated by β2-AR polymorphisms.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin School of Pharmacy, Madison, Wisconsin 53705-2222, USA. ovardeny@pharmacy.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Orly
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vardeny
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Peppard
authors.forename: Laurel A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.forename: Juliette H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Faraco
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mignot
authors.forename: Khin Mae
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017286:Polysomnography; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2