title: Protective effect of sildenafil citrate on contralateral testis injury after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate prevention of contralateral testicular injury with sildenafil citrate after unilateral testicular torsion/detorsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven adult male rats were divided into four groups: sham operated (group 1, n = 7), torsion/detorsion + saline (group 2, n = 10), torsion/detorsion + 0.7 mg of sildenafil citrate (group 3, n = 10) and torsion/detorsion + 1.4 mg of sildenafil citrate (group 4, n = 10). Unilateral testicular torsion was created by rotating the right testis 720º in a clockwise direction for 2 h in other groups, except for group 1, which was served as sham group. After torsion (2 h) and detorsion (2 h) periods, rats were killed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of reduced glutathion (GSH) (p < 0.05) and the activities of catalase (p < 0.01) and glutathione peroxidase (p < 0.05) in the contralateral testis from group 2 were significantly lower and nitric oxide (NO) (p < 0.05) level in the contralateral testis were significantly higher than those of group 1. Administration of low-dose sildenafil citrate (group 3) prevented the increases in malondialdehyde and NO levels and decreases in glutathione peroxidase activities and GSH values induced by testicular torsion. However, administration of high-dose sildenafil citrate (group 4) had no effect on these testicular parameters (p > 0.05). Histopathological changes were detected in groups 2, 3 and 4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that biochemically and histologically torsion/detorsion injury occurs in the contralateral testis following 2-h torsion and 2-h detorsion and that administration of low-dose sildenafil citrate before detorsion prevents ischemia/reperfusion cellular damage in testicular tissue.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fírat University, Elazíğ, Turkey. hamityildiz@firat.edu.tr
authors: Hamit
authors: H
authors: Yíldíz
authors: Ali Said
authors: AS
authors: Durmus
authors: Halil
authors: H
authors: Simşek
authors: Mine
authors: M
authors: Yaman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis; D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011687:Purines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D058986:Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D020011:Protective Agents; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D002374:Catalase