title: Management of gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients with ozonated water irrigation--a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ozonated water irrigation has recently been tried for its antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects in treatment of periodontitis. During orthodontic treatment, gingival inflammation occurs along with increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Thus, the aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the clinical effects of a single subgingival irrigation with ozonated water on gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients and also to correlate the clinical effects with LDH enzyme activity in GCF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen systemically healthy orthodontic patients (seven men and eight women, mean age 17.3 years) with full-mouth brackets were included in this prospective, cross-sectional, clinical and laboratory investigation. Clinical parameters, LDH enzyme activity and GCF volume were measured at baseline (0 day) followed by subgingival irrigation with 0.01 mg l(-1) ozonated water. These parameters were again assessed on 14th and 28th day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant (P < 0.05) reduction in values of clinical parameters, GCF LDH activity and GCF volume after subgingival irrigation with ozonated water. Also, a significant correlation (r = 0.50, P = 0.01) was observed only between the post-treatment changes of plaque index and LDH values, among the clinical parameters assessed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single subgingival irrigation of 0.01 mg l(-1) ozonated water can effectively reduce the gingival inflammation in orthodontic patients, which is also reflected in the reduction of LDH enzyme levels. However, further randomized controlled trials are required to validate the use of ozone irrigation in orthodontic patients for plaque control measures.
authors: Department of Periodontics, N.S.V.K Sri Venkateshwara Dental College, Bangalore, India. kunaaldhingra@yahoo.co.in
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Dhingra
authors: K L
authors: KL
authors: Vandana
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000201:enzymology; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010126:Ozone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014867:Water; D010126:Ozone; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase