title: Pharmacy student driven detection of adverse drug reactions in the community pharmacy setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Post-marketing safety studies of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) form an important part of pharmacovigilance. Countries having a formal pharmacovigilance system to a large extent rely on voluntary ADR reporting from health professionals through spontaneous report systems. The contribution of pharmacists in ADR reporting, although varies significantly among countries. Pharmacists in community pharmacies are in a unique position for detection of experienced ADRs by the drug users. The study reports from a study on community pharmacy internship students' proactive role in ADR detection through direct encountering and questioning with drug users.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pharmacy students undertaking internship in a community pharmacy were approached. Thirteen students from nine community pharmacies participated in the project as data collectors. Prior to the study students attended an educational seminar focusing on ADR detection and reporting in general. Ibuprofen was chosen as the drug of study. Pharmacy students approached recurrent drug users purchasing the drug. Participating users were asked about experienced ADRs linked to ibuprofen use. Reported ADRs were collected and analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hundred and twenty eight ibuprofen users participated in the study out of who thirty three reported forty five ADRs possibly linked to ibuprofen use. The reported ADRs followed earlier reported patterns of distribution with gastric pain showing up as the most commonly reported symptom followed by heartburn, nausea, diarrhoea and constipation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Through adequate training community pharmacy internship students get competencies and are capable of detecting and reporting ADRs through direct questions to drug users.
authors: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. stc@farma.ku.dk
authors: Søren Troels
authors: ST
authors: Christensen
authors: Birthe
authors: B
authors: Søndergaard
authors: Per Hartvig
authors: PH
authors: Honoré
authors: Ole Jannik
authors: OJ
authors: Bjerrum
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007397:Internship, Nonmedical / Q000458:organization & administration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013339:Students, Pharmacy
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007052:Ibuprofen