title: The importance of localizing pulmonary veins in atrial septal defect closure!
abstract: An 8-year-old girl was admitted for a simple closure of echocardiographically diagnosed Atrial Septal Defect (ASD). During the operation the right pulmonary veins orifices were not detected in the left atrium and attempt to localize them led to the discovery of three additional anomalies, namely Interrupted Inferior Vena Cava (IIVC), Scimitar syndrome, and systemic arterial supply of the lung. Postoperatively these finding were confirmed by CT angiography. This case report emphasizes the need for adequate preoperative diagnosis and presents a very rare constellation of four congenital anomalies that to the best of our knowledge is not reported before.
authors: University of Florida, Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Gainesville, FL, USA. ashkan.karimi@surgery.ufl.edu
authors: Ahmad Ali
authors: AA
authors: Amirghofran
authors: Ashkan
authors: A
authors: Karimi
authors: Gholam Hossein
authors: GH
authors: Ajami
authors: Alireza
authors: A
authors: Rasekhi
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D011667:Pulmonary Veins / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed