title: Requirement for serum in medium supplemented with insulin-transferrin-selenium for hydrodynamic cultivation of engineered cartilage.
abstract: Achievement of viable engineered tissues through in vitro cultivation in bioreactor systems requires a thorough understanding of the complex interplay between hydrodynamic forces and biochemical cues such as serum. To this end, chondrocyte-seeded constructs were cultured under continuous fluid-induced shear forces with reduced serum content (0%-2%, v/v), which was partially or completely replaced by a potential substitute, insulin-transferrin-selenium, to minimize deleterious effects associated with the use of culture media containing high levels of serum (10%-20%). Low-serum cultures yielded constructs with similar biochemical properties to those cultivated with high-serum supplements, whereas the serum-free constructs exhibited poor cell proliferation, insufficient extracellular matrix production, and rapid degradation of and/or shear-induced damage to polyglycolic acid scaffolds. A fibrous outer capsule typically observed in hydrodynamic cultures and characterized by increased cell density and decreased (virtually none) glycosaminoglycan deposition was eliminated when serum concentration was equal to or <0.2% in the presence of hydrodynamic stimuli. Our findings suggest that serum is a requirement in insulin-transferrin-selenium-supplemented cultures in order for constructs to exhibit improved properties in response to hydrodynamic forces, and that mechanical and biochemical stimuli may synergistically modulate tissue properties and morphology through shear-responsive signals.
authors: The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, USA.
authors: Yueh-Hsun
authors: YH
authors: Yang
authors: Gilda A
authors: GA
authors: Barabino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D002356:Cartilage / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D057446:Hydrodynamics; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044967:Serum / Q000378:metabolism*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014168:Transferrin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D007328:Insulin; D014168:Transferrin; D003094:Collagen; D012643:Selenium