title: Decreased material-activation of the complement system using low-energy plasma polymerized poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) coatings.
abstract: In the current study we investigate the activation of blood complement on medical device silicone rubber and present a plasma polymerized vinyl pyrrolidone (ppVP) coating which strongly decreases surface-activation of the blood complement system. We show that uncoated silicone and polystyrene are both potent activators of the complement system, measured both as activated, deposited C3b and quantifying fluid-phase release of the cleavage fragment C3c. The ppVP coated silicone exhibits approximately 90% reduced complement activation compared to untreated silicone. Quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) measurements show relatively strong adsorption of blood proteins including native C3 to the ppVP surface, indicating that reduction of complement activation on ppVP is neither a result of low protein adsorption nor lower direct C3-binding, and is therefore possibly a consequence of differences in the adsorbed protein layer composition. The alternative and classical complement pathways are barely detectable on ppVP while the lectin pathway through MBL/ficolin-2 deposition remains active on ppVP suggesting this pathway is responsible for the remaining subtle activation on the ppVP coated surface. The ppVP surface is furthermore characterized physically and chemically using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), which indicates preservation of chemical functionality by the applied plasma process. Overall, the ppVP coating shows a potential for increasing complement-compatibility of blood-contacting devices.
authors: Research Unit of Clinical Microbiology, Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense C, Denmark.
authors: Thomas E
authors: TE
authors: Andersen
authors: Yaseelan
authors: Y
authors: Palarasah
authors: Mikkel-Ole
authors: MO
authors: Skjødt
authors: Ryosuke
authors: R
authors: Ogaki
authors: Maike
authors: M
authors: Benter
authors: Mojagan
authors: M
authors: Alei
authors: Hans J
authors: HJ
authors: Kolmos
authors: Claus
authors: C
authors: Koch
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Kingshott
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003167:Complement Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000276:immunology; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; D003165:Complement System Proteins