title: Colour Doppler ultrasound imaging findings in paediatric periocular and orbital haemangiomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the combined grey-scale ultrasonography (US) and colour Doppler imaging (CDI) as the first and primary imaging modalities in diagnosing paediatric orbital haemangiomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of 20 consecutive children with a periorbital mass echographically diagnosed as a haemangioma between January 2004 and June 2009 in the Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center were reviewed. Data on demographic details, clinical findings, US and CDI characteristics, treatment and outcome were retrieved.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve (60%) haemangiomas were located on the upper eyelid, five in the lower eyelid (25%) and three in the medial cantus (15%). The tumour resolved completely in 10 children (50%) and in 10 children (50%) partial resolution was documented. Seven (35%) patients underwent treatment (intralesional or oral steroids or propranolol). Grey-scale US depicted a solid-tissue mass with low internal echogenicity. Mean haemangioma volume was 1.33 cm(3) . Colour Doppler imaging demonstrated intralesional flow with a mean peak systolic velocity of 15.2 cm per second and a mean resistance index of 0.51. All US and CDI examinations were carried out on alert children and no sedation or general anaesthesia was needed. During mean follow-up time of 23 months, no child required any additional imaging or diagnostic procedures to confirm the diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined US and CDI are suggested as the first imaging modalities in cases with a suspected diagnosis of periocular and orbital capillary haemangioma.
authors: Department of Ophthalmology, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. oriels1@yahoo.com
authors: Oriel
authors: O
authors: Spierer
authors: Meira
authors: M
authors: Neudorfer
authors: Igal
authors: I
authors: Leibovitch
authors: Chaim
authors: C
authors: Stolovitch
authors: Ada
authors: A
authors: Kessler
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009365:Neoplasm Regression, Spontaneous; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011433:Propranolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011433:Propranolol