title: Difference in Temperament and Character Inventory scores between depressed patients with bipolar II and unipolar major depressive disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although some core personality variables are known to be characteristic of unipolar or bipolar depression, few studies have compared the personality profile between these two disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) was employed to assess the personality of 36 depressed patients with bipolar II disorder (BPII), 90 patients with unipolar major depressive disorder (UP), and 306 healthy controls. The TCI was administered during the depressive episode in BPII and UP patients so that the results can be applied in a clinical setting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly higher scores in harm avoidance (p<0.0001) and lower scores in self-directedness (p<0.0001) and cooperativeness (p<0.05) were observed in both BPII and UP patients compared to controls. Lower novelty seeking in UP patients compared to BPII patients and controls was observed in females (p<0.0001, p<0.01, respectively). A significant difference in self-transcendence score was observed between BPII and UP patients in females (p<0.0005), with higher scores in BPII (p=0.009) and lower scores in UP (p=0.046) patients compared to controls. A logistic regression model predicted BPII in depressed females based on novelty seeking and self-transcendence scores with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 73%, but did not accurately predict BPII in males.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients in our study were limited to those receiving outpatient treatments, and bipolar patients were limited to those with BPII.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Novelty seeking and self-transcendence scores of TCI might be useful in the differentiation of UP and BPII in female patients.
authors: Department of Mental Disorder Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1, Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo, 187-8502, Japan. sasayama@shinshu-u.ac.jp
authors: Daimei
authors: D
authors: Sasayama
authors: Hiroaki
authors: H
authors: Hori
authors: Toshiya
authors: T
authors: Teraishi
authors: Kotaro
authors: K
authors: Hattori
authors: Miho
authors: M
authors: Ota
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Matsuo
authors: Yumiko
authors: Y
authors: Kawamoto
authors: Yukiko
authors: Y
authors: Kinoshita
authors: Miyako
authors: M
authors: Hashikura
authors: Norie
authors: N
authors: Koga
authors: Nagahisa
authors: N
authors: Okamoto
authors: Kota
authors: K
authors: Sakamoto
authors: Teruhiko
authors: T
authors: Higuchi
authors: Naoji
authors: N
authors: Amano
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Kunugi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002605:Character; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011594:Psychometrics; D013694:Temperament; D055815:Young Adult