title: Ameliorative symbiosis of endophyte (Penicillium funiculosum LHL06) under salt stress elevated plant growth of Glycine max L.
abstract: Experiments were conducted to investigate the role of a newly isolated endophytic fungus GMC-2A on physiology of host plant (Glycine max. L cv. Hwangkeum-kong) growing under salinity stress. GMC-2A was identified as a new strain of Penicillium funiculosum on the basis of sequence homology and phylogenetic analysis of D1/D2 regions of 28S rDNA. Preliminary screening experiment showed that the culture filtrate (CF) of GMC-2A promoted the growth of Waito-C, a dwarf gibberellin (GA) biosynthesis mutant rice cultivar. Analysis of fungal CF revealed the presence of GAs (GA₁ 1.53 ng/ml; GA₄ 9.34 ng/ml; GA₈ 1.21 ng/ml; GA₉ 37.87 ng/ml) and indole acetic acid (14.85 μg/ml). GMC-2A also showed high phosphate solubilization of tricalcium phosphate. Besides that, GMC-2A application enhanced soybean seed germination as compared to control. Under salinity stress (70 and 140 mM), GMC-2A significantly promoted the soybean growth attributes (shoot length, shoot fresh/dry biomass, chlorophyll content, photosynthesis rate and leaf area) in comparison to control treatments. We also observed low endogenous abscisic acid and elevated jasmonic acid contents in GMC-2A treated plants under salt stress. GMC-2A treatment significantly enhanced levels of isoflavones (34.22% and 75.37%) under salinity stress as compared to control. In conclusion, P. funiculosum LHL06 has significantly ameliorated the adverse effects of salinity induced abiotic stress, and re-programmed soybean to higher growth and isoflavone biosynthesis.
authors: School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Sangyuk-Dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, South Korea.
authors: Abdul Latif
authors: AL
authors: Khan
authors: Muhammad
authors: M
authors: Hamayun
authors: Yoon-Ha
authors: YH
authors: Kim
authors: Sang-Mo
authors: SM
authors: Kang
authors: In-Jung
authors: IJ
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000378:metabolism; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D054883:Oxylipins / Q000378:metabolism; D010407:Penicillium / Q000502:physiology*; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010802:Phylogeny; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000502:physiology; D018526:Plant Transpiration; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012995:Solubility; D013025:Glycine max / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000382:microbiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological; D013559:Symbiosis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005875:Gibberellins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D007529:Isoflavones; D054883:Oxylipins; D010710:Phosphates; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D002734:Chlorophyll; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C011006:jasmonic acid; C030737:indoleacetic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C018392:tricalcium phosphate