title: WISP-1 increases MMP-2 expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells.
abstract: Chondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Chondrosarcoma shows a predilection for metastasis to the lungs. WISP-1 is a cysteine-rich protein that belongs to the CCN (Cyr61, CTGF, Nov) family of matricellular proteins. However, the effect of WISP-1 on migration activity in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here we found that WISP-1 increased the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells). We also found that human chondrosarcoma tissues had significant expression of the WISP-1 which was higher than that in normal cartilage. α5β1 monoclonal antibody and MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) inhibited the WISP-1-induced increase of the migration and MMP-2 up-regulation of chondrosarcoma cells. WISP-1 stimulation increased the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), MEK and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In addition, NF-κB inhibitors also suppressed the cell migration and MMP-2 expression enhanced by WISP-1. Moreover, WISP-1 increased NF-κB luciferase activity and binding of p65 to the NF-κB element on the MMP-2 promoter. Taken together, our results indicated that WISP-1 enhances the migration of chondrosarcoma cells by increasing MMP-2 expression through the α5β1 integrin receptor, FAK, MEK, ERK, p65 and NF-κB signal transduction pathway.
authors: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors: Chun-Han
authors: CH
authors: Hou
authors: Yi-Chun
authors: YC
authors: Chiang
authors: Yi-Chin
authors: YC
authors: Fong
authors: Chih-Hsin
authors: CH
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D017931:DNA Primers; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000502:physiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; C116396:CCN4 protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D039081:Integrin alpha5beta1; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2