title: Relationship between depression and apolipoproteins A and B: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relation between major depressive disorder and metabolic risk factors of coronary heart disease.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Little evidence is available indicating a relationship between major depressive disorder and metabolic risk factors of coronary heart disease such as lipoprotein and apolipoprotein.
  
  
  METHODS
  This case-control study included 153 patients with major depressive disorder who fulfilled the criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV), and 147 healthy individuals. All participants completed a demographic questionnaire and Hamilton rating scale for depression. Anthropometric characteristics were recorded. Blood samples were taken and total cholesterol, high-and low-density lipoproteins and apolipoproteins A and B were measured. To analyze the data, t-test, χ² test, Pearson correlation test and linear regression were applied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depression was a negative predictor of apolipoprotein A (β = -0.328, p<0.01) and positive predictor of apolipoprotein B (β = 0.290, p<0.05). Apolipoprotein A was inversely predicted by total cholesterol (β = -0.269, p<0.05) and positively predicted by high-density lipoprotein (β = 0.401, p<0.01). Also, low-density lipoprotein was a predictor of apolipoprotein B (β = 0.340, p<0.01). The severity of depression was correlated with the increment in serum apolipoprotein B levels and the decrement in serum apolipoprotein A level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In view of the relationship between apolipoproteins A and B and depression, it would seem that screening of these metabolic risk factors besides psychological interventions is necessary in depressed patients.
authors: Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors: Masoumeh
authors: M
authors: Sadeghi
authors: Hamidreza
authors: H
authors: Roohafza
authors: Hamid
authors: H
authors: Afshar
authors: Fereshteh
authors: F
authors: Rajabi
authors: Mohamadarash
authors: M
authors: Ramzani
authors: Hasan
authors: H
authors: Shemirani
authors: Nizal
authors: N
authors: Sarafzadeghan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D015415:Biomarkers