title: Hydrogel for cell housing in the brain and in the spinal cord.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neurons in the adult mammalian central nervous system do not proliferate or renew themselves and consequently strong interest in cell replacement therapies to repair brain and spinal cord damages has emerged in the last decade.
  
  
  METHODS
  An injectable resorbable hydrogel with a controlled nanostructure, specifically designed for neural cell housing, was developed together with a new protocol for building three-dimensional (3D) biohybrid cell/hydrogel constructs: cells are housed within the polymeric matrix which is directly built with a specific cell culture media. This matrix was tested with standard glial populations, primary astrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physico-chemical characterization of the hydrogel matrix confirmed a 2- week (+ 2 days) stability before massive degradation; mean mesh size of about 5 nm and thixotropic behavior with transition yield stress at 60+5 Pa. Cell survival within the hydrogel resulted in about 55 ± 5% (minimum value) survivals, data also confirmed by optical assessments. Cell viability also remained high after extraction from the gel, indicating survival to inclusion latency period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since the intimate structure of the gel mimics extracellular matrix cells as would be expected to be found in an in vivo context, this polymeric formulation is a promising base for building 3D constructs for neural cell housing, in which cells are embedded and kept alive directly from the time of polycondensation.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, Italy. giuseppe.perale@polimi.it
authors: Giuseppe
authors: G
authors: Perale
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Giordano
authors: Fabio
authors: F
authors: Bianco
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Rossi
authors: Marta
authors: M
authors: Tunesi
authors: Francesco
authors: F
authors: Daniele
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Crivelli
authors: Michela
authors: M
authors: Matteoli
authors: Maurizio
authors: M
authors: Masi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020100:Hydrogels; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D054457:Tissue Scaffolds
chemical_list: D020100:Hydrogels