title: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of β-lactam antibiotic-based imidazolium- and pyridinium-type ionic liquids.
abstract: We herein report the preparation and investigation of antibacterial activity of biocidal ionic liquids (ILs) consisting of cationic imidazolium or pyridinium and an anionic β-lactam antibiotic. The antibacterial properties were quantified by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration against Escherichia coli O157:H7, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecium. In general, the ILs had improved antibacterial activity than their parent materials, whether individually or in combination. In 83% of the experiments, the ampicillin ILs (Amp-ILs) had better antibacterial activities than their quaternary halide parent materials, whereas in 92% of the experiments, Amp-ILs outperformed the commercially available sodium ampicillin salt. Amp-ILs had up to 43 times improved antibacterial activity than sodium ampicillin. Overall, when normalized for ampicillin content, ILs had greater antimicrobial activity against E. coli O157:H7, K. pneumoniae, S. aureus, and E. faecium than sodium ampicillin alone.
authors: Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
authors: Marsha R
authors: MR
authors: Cole
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Li
authors: Bilal
authors: B
authors: El-Zahab
authors: Marlene E
authors: ME
authors: Janes
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: Hayes
authors: Isiah M
authors: IM
authors: Warner
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000737:chemistry*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007477:Ions; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008823:Micelles; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D007477:Ions; D008823:Micelles; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D047090:beta-Lactams