title: Olfactory and gustatory sensitivity in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: Recently, research on olfactory functions in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has become prominent, whereas gustation has never been investigated. Increased odor sensitivity was found in medication-naïve children with ADHD, but not in adult ADHD, which might be due to a dopaminergic dysregulation presumed to underlie this disorder. Taste sensitivity, in particular bitter sensitivity as a hereditary trait, also might be altered in ADHD. To examine olfactory and gustatory functions in adult ADHD patients, we assessed odor sensitivity by Sniffin' Sticks, taste sensitivity by taste strips, and bitter sensitivity by the one-solution test in women with ADHD (n = 12), Bulimia Nervosa (n = 12), and healthy control women (n = 12). Bulimia Nervosa as second patient group was included to control for effects of impulsivity. Preliminary results indicate that ADHD patients were significantly more often classified as tasters, i.e. perceived the bitter taste as more intense, compared to both bulimic patients and healthy controls. No group differences were found with regard to general odor and taste sensitivity. It is proposed that the higher frequency of tasters in ADHD patients might underlie a genetic variation of the bitter receptor-dependent signaling pathway associated with ADHD.
authors: Department of Psychology, Biological Psychology, Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Würzburg, Germany. weilanr@uni-mainz.de
authors: Romy
authors: R
authors: Weiland
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Macht
authors: Heiner
authors: H
authors: Ellgring
authors: Silke
authors: S
authors: Gross-Lesch
authors: Klaus-Peter
authors: KP
authors: Lesch
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Pauli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D055696:Olfactory Perception; D013649:Taste; D055697:Taste Perception