title: Applications of urinary proteomics in biomarker discovery.
abstract: Urine is an important source of biomarkers. This article reviews current advances, major challenges, and future prospects in the field of urinary proteomics. Because the practical clinical problem is to distinguish diseases with similar symptoms, merely comparing samples from patients of a particular disease to those of healthy individuals is inadequate for finding biomarkers with sufficient diagnostic power. In addition, the variation of expression levels of urinary proteins among healthy individuals and individuals under different physiological conditions adds to the difficulty in identifying biomarkers. We propose that establishing the natural variation in urinary protein expression among a healthy population can serve as a reference to help identify protein abundance changes that are caused by disease, not by individual variations or physiological changes. We also discuss that comparing protein expression levels between urine and plasma may reveal the physiological function of the kidney and that may facilitate biomarker discovery. Finally, we propose that establishing a data-sharing platform for data collection and integrating results from all urinary biomarker studies will help promote the development of urinary proteomics.
authors: National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China. scshaochen@126.com
authors: Chen
authors: C
authors: Shao
authors: Yan
authors: Y
authors: Wang
authors: YouHe
authors: Y
authors: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D003625:Data Collection; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005198:Fanconi Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D020543:Proteome; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011506:Proteins; D020543:Proteome