title: Immunohistochemical characterization of sonic hedgehog and its downstream signaling molecules during human penile development.
abstract: Hypospadias is a common congenital anomalies, yet its molecular basis remains unknown. Recent studies have linked perturbations in the Hedgehog signaling pathway to hypospadias. However, the expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) has not been reported during genital development. Immunohistochemical staining for Shh and its receptors was applied to 10 human fetal penises ranging from 12 to 29 weeks gestation. The intensity of Shh staining was greatest in the urethral epithelium at 14 weeks gestation, correlating with the time of urethral tubularization. Results suggest a role for Shh in human male genital development.
authors: Department of Pathology and Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia 30322-1101, USA. bshehat@emory.edu
authors: Bahig M
authors: BM
authors: Shehata
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Elmore
authors: Yasmin
authors: Y
authors: Bootwala
authors: Charlotte K
authors: CK
authors: Steelman
authors: Jessica B
authors: JB
authors: Bare
authors: Carla J
authors: CJ
authors: Shoffeitt
authors: Ruoxiang
authors: R
authors: Wang
authors: Haiyen E
authors: HE
authors: Zhau
authors: Dalin
authors: D
authors: He
authors: Guodong
authors: G
authors: Zhu
authors: Leland W
authors: LW
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005865:Gestational Age; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D038081:Organogenesis; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D010413:Penis / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1
chemical_list: C400551:GLI1 protein, human; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; C509239:SHH protein, human; C491023:SMO protein, human; D000072086:Smoothened Receptor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000071676:Zinc Finger Protein GLI1