title: The removal of selenate to low ppb levels from flue gas desulfurization brine using the H2-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR).
abstract: The H(2)-based membrane biofilm reactor (MBfR) was shown to consistently remove nitrate, nitrite, and selenate at high efficiencies from flue-gas desulfurization brine. Selenate was removed to <50 ppb which is the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) criteria for the brine to be released into the environment. When selenate was removed to <50 ppb, nitrate and nitrite were still present in the mg/L range which suggests that selenate is able to be secondarily reduced to low levels when nitrate and nitrite serve as the main electron acceptors for bacterial growth. SO(4)(2-) was not removed and therefore did not compete with nitrate and selenate reduction for the available H(2).
authors: Center for Environmental Biotechnology, Biodesign Institute at Arizona State University, P.O. Box 875701, Tempe, AZ 85287-5701, USA. steppen@asu.edu
authors: Steven W
authors: SW
authors: Van Ginkel
authors: Ziming
authors: Z
authors: Yang
authors: Bi-o
authors: BO
authors: Kim
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Sholin
authors: Bruce E
authors: BE
authors: Rittmann
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms; D019149:Bioreactors; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry*; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry*; D057230:Limit of Detection; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D064586:Selenic Acid; D018036:Selenium Compounds / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013455:Sulfur / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D018036:Selenium Compounds; D013455:Sulfur; D006859:Hydrogen; D064586:Selenic Acid