title: Impact of fetal cardiac intervention on congenital heart surgery.
abstract: Fetal cardiac interventions performed by interventional cardiologists are currently in a clinical experimental phase. The 3 most frequent interventions are: 1) aortic balloon valvuloplasty for critical aortic stenosis with a small left ventricle or with a normal size left ventricle but poor function; 2) atrial septostomy for highly restrictive or intact atrial septum in hypoplastic left heart syndrome; and 3) pulmonary valvuloplasty for pulmonary atresia and hypoplastic right ventricle. Current impact on everyday congenital heart surgery practice is small, but may increase in the future.
authors: Congenital and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. eb2709@columbia.edu
authors: Emile A
authors: EA
authors: Bacha
mesh_terms: D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D015641:Radiography, Interventional / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome