title: Effect of hydrogen peroxide on the three-dimensional polymer network in composites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Less data are available about the effects of hydrogen peroxide on the three-dimensional polymer network of polymerized composites. Therefore the study was performed to test the effects of hydrogen peroxide on the three-dimensional polymer network in composites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Polymerized specimens from Tetric Flow®, Tetric Ceram® and Filtek™ Supreme XT were bleached with Opalescence® PF 15% for 5h or PF 35% for 0.5h, respectively, and then stored in methanol for 1d and 7d. Controls were unbleached specimens. The eluates were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More methacrylic acid (MAA), bisphenol-A (BPA), ethoxylated bisphenol-A-dimethacrylate (BisEMA), hydroquinone monomethyl ether (HQME), 1,10-decanediol dimethacrylate (DDDMA) and/or triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) were eluted from bleached specimens compared with non bleached controls (1d). The highest DDDMA amount of 419.8 μmol/l was found in the eluates after 7d in Tetric Flow® specimens treated with PF 15. The highest HQME amount of 159.6 μmol/l was found in eluates from Tetric Ceram® specimens treated with PF after 7d. The highest TEGDMA amount of 178.7 μmol/l was found in eluates from Filtek™ Supreme XT specimens treated with PF 35 after 7d.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bleaching with hydrogen peroxide has an effect on the three-dimensional polymer network in polymerized composites leading to an increase in the release of unpolymerized monomers, additives and unspecific oxidative products.
authors: Walther-Straub-Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Nussbaumstrasse 26, Munich, Germany. juergen.durner@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors: Jürgen
authors: J
authors: Durner
authors: Marija
authors: M
authors: Stojanovic
authors: Ebru
authors: E
authors: Urcan
authors: Werner
authors: W
authors: Spahl
authors: Ursula
authors: U
authors: Haertel
authors: Reinhard
authors: R
authors: Hickel
authors: Franx-Xaver
authors: FX
authors: Reichl
mesh_terms: D000840:Anisoles / Q000737:chemistry; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D058105:Polymerization; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D000840:Anisoles; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D008689:Methacrylates; D010545:Peroxides; D010636:Phenols; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D011145:Polyvinyls; D058205:Tooth Bleaching Agents; D014508:Urea; C474035:Filtek Supreme; C121818:Tetric ceram; C452226:tetric flow composite resin; C093177:tooth-bleaching agent, Opalescence; C098757:1,12-dodecanediol dimethacrylate; C020946:triethylene glycol dimethacrylate; C008384:methacrylic acid; C041979:2,2-bis-(4-(2-methacryloxyethoxy)phenyl)propane; C009760:mequinol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds