title: Antisynthetase syndrome.
abstract: Autoantibodies to eight of the aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases-the most well-recognized of which is anti-histidyl (Jo-1)-have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of antisynthetase syndrome (AS). AS is characterized by varying degrees of interstitial lung disease, myositis, arthropathy, fever, Raynaud's phenomenon, and mechanic's hands, and the morbidity and mortality of the disease are usually linked to the pulmonary findings. The value of a lung biopsy in AS cannot be overemphasized, as it serves to describe the underlying etiology of the interstitial lung disease, guide therapy, and estimate prognosis. Muscle disease shares many clinical features of polymyositis, yet histologically, the inflammatory involvement resembles that of dermatomyositis. Because inflammatory arthritis mimics rheumatoid arthritis, AS should be considered in atypical cases. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of acute therapy, although treatment often requires immunosuppressant medications such as cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, or rituximab.
authors: Division of Rheumatology and Allergy-Clinical Immunology, North Shore Long Island Jewish Health System, 2800 Marcus Avenue, Suite 200, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA. ebogach@nshs.edu
authors: Elena
authors: E
authors: Katzap
authors: Maria-Louise
authors: ML
authors: Barilla-LaBarca
authors: Galina
authors: G
authors: Marder
mesh_terms: D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / Q000276:immunology*; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000276:immunology*; D001168:Arthritis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009220:Myositis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; C046750:Jo-1 antibody; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases