title: Effect of Cu-nanoparticles versus one Cu-salt: analysis of stress biomarkers response in Enchytraeus albidus (Oligochaeta).
abstract: In the present study, the main goal was to compare the effects of ionic copper versus copper nanoparticles in Enchytraeus albidus assessing the effect at the biomarker level, testing different concentrations and exposure times. Measured parameters were lipid peroxidation (LPO), total, reduced and oxidized glutathione content (TG, GSH and GSSG), the enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and cholinesterases (ChEs). Results showed that both salt- and nano-copper caused oxidative stress and damage to E. albidus, as confirmed by LPO levels, and effects could be discriminated between the copper forms. Nevertheless and despite the visible discrimination between nano and the salt form (time and exposure dependent), there was no single or a set of biomarkers that provided the best discrimination.
authors: CESAM & Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
authors: Susana I L
authors: SI
authors: Gomes
authors: Sara C
authors: SC
authors: Novais
authors: Carlos
authors: C
authors: Gravato
authors: Lúcia
authors: L
authors: Guilhermino
authors: Janeck J
authors: JJ
authors: Scott-Fordsmand
authors: Amadeu M V M
authors: AM
authors: Soares
authors: Mónica J B
authors: MJ
authors: Amorim
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D009835:Oligochaeta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D003300:Copper; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase