title: Hypoxia and a hypoxia mimetic up-regulate matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9 in equine laminar keratinocytes.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine if hypoxia and the hypoxia mimetic cobalt chloride regulate the activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and -9 in cultures of equine hoof keratinocytes. These effects were assessed in primary cultures of laminar keratinocytes using gelatin zymography. Incubation of keratinocytes with cobalt chloride significantly increased the levels of active MMP-2 compared to untreated controls. Hypoxia significantly increased the expression of active MMP-2 and -9 in keratinocyte cultures. This up-regulation was observed after 6h and peaked at 24h. The study findings provide novel evidence of a potential link between hypoxia within the hoof and up-regulation of MMPs which may in turn result in damage to the lamellar basement membrane.
authors: School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZJ, UK.
authors: Carlos E
authors: CE
authors: Medina-Torres
authors: School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZJ, UK.
authors: Sarah L
authors: SL
authors: Mason
authors: School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK.
authors: Rachel V
authors: RV
authors: Floyd
authors: Equine Studies Group, WALTHAM Centre for Pet Nutrition, Waltham-on-the-Wolds, Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire LE14 4RT, UK.
authors: Pat A
authors: PA
authors: Harris
authors: School of Veterinary Science and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, UK. Electronic address: ali.mobasheri@nottingham.ac.uk.
authors: Ali
authors: A
authors: Mobasheri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D032701:Biomimetics; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003035:Cobalt / Q000494:pharmacology; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006724:Hoof and Claw / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology*; D006736:Horses; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D003035:Cobalt; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; C018021:cobaltous chloride