title: Elutriated stem cells derived from the adult bone marrow differentiate into insulin-producing cells in vivo and reverse chemical diabetes.
abstract: An ongoing debate surrounds the existence of stem cells in the adult endowed with capacity to differentiate into multiple lineages. We examined the possibility that adult bone marrow cells participate in recovery from chemical diabetes through neogenesis of insulin-producing cells. Small-sized cells negative for lineage markers derived by counterflow centrifugal elutriation from the bone marrow were transplanted into mice made diabetic with streptozotocin and sublethal irradiation. These cells homed efficiently to the injured islets and contributed to tissue revascularization. Islet-homed CD45-negative donor cells identified by sex chromosomes downregulated GFP, expressed PDX-1 and proinsulin, and converted the hormone precursor to insulin. An estimated 7.6% contribution of newly formed insulin-producing cells to islet cellularity increased serum insulin and stabilized glycemic control starting at 5 weeks post-transplant and persisting for 20 weeks. Newly differentiated cells displayed normal diploid genotype and there was no evidence of fusion between the grafted stem cells or their myeloid progeny and injured β-cells. Considering the extensive functional incorporation of insulin-producing donor cells in the injured islets, we conclude that the adult bone marrow contains a subset of small cells endowed with plastic developmental capacity.
authors: Frankel Laboratory, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petach Tikva, Israel.
authors: Svetlana
authors: S
authors: Iskovich
authors: Nitza
authors: N
authors: Goldenberg-Cohen
authors: Jerry
authors: J
authors: Stein
authors: Isaac
authors: I
authors: Yaniv
authors: Ina
authors: I
authors: Fabian
authors: Nadir
authors: N
authors: Askenasy
mesh_terms: D053687:Adult Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology* / Q000637:transplantation; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002469:Cell Separation; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D015534:Trans-Activators; C084010:pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 protein