title: The PASS-Q: the perceived available support in sport questionnaire.
abstract: This article provides initial evidence for the construct validity of the Perceived Available Support in Sport Questionnaire (PASS-Q), which assesses emotional, esteem, informational, and tangible support. In Study 1, confirmatory factor analyses provided evidence for a four-dimension factor structure. Correlations supported hypothesized relationships between the PASS-Q dimensions and the Social Support Survey questions (Richman, Rosenfeld, & Hardy, 1993). In Study 2, the four-dimension factor structure was supported in an independent sample. Further, higher levels of perceived available emotional, esteem, informational, and tangible support were associated with higher levels of self-confidence and lower levels of burnout. Researchers are encouraged to use the PASS-Q to examine the effects of perceived available support in sport contexts.
authors: School of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, St Luke's Campus, Exeter, United Kingdom.
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Freeman
authors: Pete
authors: P
authors: Coffee
authors: Tim
authors: T
authors: Rees
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004739:England; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D012928:Social Desirability; D012944:Social Support; D013177:Sports / Q000523:psychology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires