title: Significantly increased risk of cancer in patients with diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a review and meta-analysis of the effect of diabetes mellitus on the incidence of and mortality attributable to cancer at any anatomic site.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a search of MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library for pertinent articles published from the origin of these databases to July 5, 2010, and included them in a qualitative review and meta-analysis of the risk of all-cancer incidence and mortality in patients with diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among patients with diabetes (n = 257,222) in 12 cohort studies, the cancer incidence was about 7%. The cancer mortality was approximately 3% among patients with diabetes (n = 152,091) in 19 cohort studies. The pooled adjusted risk ratio (RR) of all-cancer incidence was significantly elevated-RR, 1.10 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.04 to 1.17) overall; RR, 1.14 (CI, 1.06 to 1.23) for men; and RR, 1.18 (CI, 1.08 to 1.28) for women. Diabetes was also associated with an increased RR of mortality across all cancer types-RR, 1.16 (CI, 1.03 to 1.30) overall; RR, 1.10 (CI, 0.98 to 1.23) for men; and RR, 1.24 (CI, 1.11 to 1.40) for women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cancer prevention and early detection by appropriate screening methods in patients with diabetes should be important components of clinical management and investigation, inasmuch as the exponentially increasing prevalence of diabetes will translate into substantial clinical and public health consequences on a global scale.
authors: Department of Diabetes and Metabolic Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Noto
authors: Tetsuro
authors: T
authors: Tsujimoto
authors: Takehiko
authors: T
authors: Sasazuki
authors: Mitsuhiko
authors: M
authors: Noda
mesh_terms: D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*