title: Different structural correlates for verbal memory impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy with and without mesial temporal lobe sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Memory impairment is one of the most prominent cognitive deficits in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). The overall goal of this study was to explore the contribution of cortical and hippocampal (subfield) damage to impairment of auditory immediate recall (AIMrecall), auditory delayed recall (ADMrecall), and auditory delayed recognition (ADMrecog) of the Wechsler Memory Scale III (WMS-III) in TLE with (TLE-MTS) and without hippocampal sclerosis (TLE-no). It was hypothesized that volume loss in different subfields determines memory impairment in TLE-MTS and temporal neocortical thinning in TLE-no.
  
  
  METHODS
  T1 whole brain and T2-weighted hippocampal magnetic resonance imaging and WMS-III were acquired in 22 controls, 18 TLE-MTS, and 25 TLE-no. Hippocampal subfields were determined on the T2 image. Free surfer was used to obtain cortical thickness averages of temporal, frontal, and parietal cortical regions of interest (ROI). MANOVA and stepwise regression analysis were used to identify hippocampal subfields and cortical ROI significantly contributing to AIMrecall, ADMrecall, and ADMrecog.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In TLE-MTS, AIMrecall was associated with cornu ammonis 3 (CA3) and dentate (CA3&DG) and pars opercularis, ADMrecall with CA1 and pars triangularis, and ADMrecog with CA1. In TLE-no, AIMrecall was associated with CA3&DG and fusiform gyrus (FUSI), and ADMrecall and ADMrecog were associated with FUSI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study provided the evidence for different structural correlates of the verbal memory impairment in TLE-MTS and TLE-no. In TLE-MTS, the memory impairment was mainly associated by subfield-specific hippocampal and inferior frontal cortical damage. In TLE-no, the impairment was associated by mesial-temporal cortical and to a lesser degree hippocampal damage.
authors: Department of Radiology, Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. susanne.mueller@ucsf.edu
authors: Susanne G
authors: SG
authors: Mueller
authors: Kenneth D
authors: KD
authors: Laxer
authors: Cathy
authors: C
authors: Scanlon
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Garcia
authors: William J
authors: WJ
authors: McMullen
authors: David W
authors: DW
authors: Loring
authors: Kimford J
authors: KJ
authors: Meador
authors: Michael W
authors: MW
authors: Weiner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012598:Sclerosis; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology*; D055815:Young Adult