title: Surveillance results of patients with stage I nonseminomatous germ cell testicular cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of active surveillance after radical orchiectomy in patients with clinical stage I nonseminoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 2002 and 2009, the charts of 80 patients who were offered active surveillance were studied retrospectively. Patients underwent clinical, radiologic, and biochemical examinations according to NCCN follow-up guidelines in nonseminoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  70 of 80 patients who accepted this strategy were analyzed. 12 of the 70 patients (17%) had relapses with a median follow-up of 18.5 months (6-76). Relapses were found in retroperitoneal lymph nodes in 3 patients. 5 patients had marker relapse, and 4 patients developed both marker relapse and retroperitoneal lymph node metastases. 10 of the 12 patients (83%) had relapsed within 1 year. There were no statistically significant differences in lymphovascular invasion and germ cell components between relapsed and non-relapsed patients. 11 of the 12 patients were treated with cisplatinbased combination chemotherapy, and 1 patient underwent retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. Only 2 patients underwent primary retroperitoneal lymph node dissection for rest nodules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surveillance could be a reliable strategy in compliant stage I nonseminoma patients. Recurrences can be detected early and treated successfully.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, Istanbul University Institute of Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey. drkeskin76@hotmail.com
authors: Serkan
authors: S
authors: Keskin
authors: Meltem
authors: M
authors: Ekenel
authors: Mert
authors: M
authors: Başaran
authors: Sevil
authors: S
authors: Bavbek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009373:Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D055815:Young Adult