title: Horizontal pull-out strength of orthodontic infrazygomatic mini-implant: an in vitro study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  New modified mini-implants have recently come into use for reinforcing skeletal anchorage in orthodontic application. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of the design of a mini-implant on its mechanical strength.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured the insertion torques and horizontal pull-out strengths of 3 brands of infrazygomatic mini-implants (AbsoAnchor, Bioray, and Lomas; 2 mm for all). Five implants of each brand were manually driven 6 mm into the artificial bone. Significant differences in various parameters among the brands were investigated with the Kruskal-Wallis test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant relationship between insertion torque and horizontal pull-out strength. The Bioray mini-implants had significantly greater horizontal pull-out strength than the AbsoAnchor mini-implants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The design of the mini-implant can influence its insertion torque and horizontal pull-out strength. In our findings, the horizontal pull-out strength of all mini-implants placed in the infrazygomatic crest was significantly greater than the orthodontic force applied.
authors: Faculty of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, University Hospital, No. 100 Shih-chuan 1st Road, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors: Chun-Ming
authors: CM
authors: Chen
authors: Ju-Hui
authors: JH
authors: Wu
authors: Pei-Chen
authors: PC
authors: Lu
authors: Huang-Chi
authors: HC
authors: Wang
authors: Huey-Er
authors: HE
authors: Lee
authors: Chau-Hsiang
authors: CH
authors: Wang
authors: Je-Kang
authors: JK
authors: Du
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008437:Maxilla / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D052280:Orthodontic Anchorage Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D019415:Torque; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants