title: [Hysteroscopic tubal sterilization with Essure® devices: a retrospective descriptive study and evaluation of hypnosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Essure(®) system is a hysteroscopic sterilization method. The aim of our study is to retrospectively evaluate the sterilization procedure with Essure(®) devices, with and without anesthesia, and in particular with hypnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The descriptive study includes all tubal sterilization with Essure(®) performed during the year 2009 at the Maternité régionale de Nancy. Hypnosis efficiency is retrospectively evaluated with Verbal Numeric Rating Scale (VNRS) for peroperative pain, and analgesic medication use for postoperative pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-four sterilizations are performed, 85% (85/94) of them without anesthesia. The mean VNRS is 3.0. The mean operative time is 8.7 minutes, positively correlated with the VNRS (P=0.0005). The rate of successful insertion is 94%. At 3 months, 91% of the implants have a correct location. Inadequate locations are more frequent when anesthesia have been performed (37% vs 4%, P=0.016). There is no significant difference between groups with and without hypnosis for the VNRS, the failure rate and the use of analgesic medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tubal sterilization with the Essure(®) system is a quick and efficient method. Our study does not demonstrate efficiency of hypnosis in pain control. This remains to be explored with a prospective study, including others parameters, such as anxiety.
authors: Service de gynécologie, maternité régionale universitaire, 10, rue du Docteur-Heydenreich, 54000 Nancy, France. emibehm@yahoo.fr
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Gauchotte
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Masias
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Bogusz
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Koebele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000758:Anesthesia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*