title: New insights into how the intestine can regulate lipid homeostasis and impact vascular disease: frontiers for new pharmaceutical therapies to lower cardiovascular disease risk.
abstract: In recent years, evidence has emerged that the intestine is a significant regulator of systemic cholesterol homeostasis and can contribute to raised plasma cholesterol concentration. In this review we provide a context for the role the intestine may have in cardiovascular disease during conditions of chronic disease (insulin resistance, obesity). In particular, we highlight the physiological role of the intestine in lipid absorption, identify novel elements in enterocyte molecular biology, review the concept that chylomicrons and their remnants contribute to atherogenesis during chronic disease, and address new principles of chylomicron overproduction during conditions of insulin resistance including the associated hormonal control of the intestine during these conditions. Finally, we raise the issue of a growing need for novel lipid-lowering pharmaceutical therapies that target intestinal lipid metabolism.
authors: Alberta Institute for Human Nutrition, Mazankowski, Alberta, Canada.
authors: Samantha
authors: S
authors: Warnakula
authors: Joanne
authors: J
authors: Hsieh
authors: Khosrow
authors: K
authors: Adeli
authors: M Mahmood
authors: MM
authors: Hussain
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Tso
authors: Spencer D
authors: SD
authors: Proctor
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D002784:Cholesterol