title: Pharmacological chaperone therapy for Gaucher disease: a patent review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mutations in the gene encoding for acid β-glucosidase (β-glucocerebrosidase, GlcCerase) are seen in Gaucher disease (GD), which give rise to significant protein misfolding effects and result in progressive accumulation of glucosyl ceramide. The main treatment for GD is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The iminosugar glycosidase inhibitor N-(n-butyl)-1-deoxynojirimycin (miglustat, Zavesca™) is used in a second treatment modality known as substrate reduction therapy. At the beginning of the 21st century, a third therapeutic paradigm was launched, namely, pharmacological chaperone therapy (PCT). This therapeutic strategy relies on the capability of such inhibitors to promote the correct folding and stabilize mutant forms of lysosomal enzymes, such as GlcCerase, as they pass through the secretory pathway.
  
  
  METHODS
  This review summarizes the different approaches used to implement the concept of PCT for GD. It discusses the relevant research, patents and patent applications filed in the last decade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While the significance of PCT remains a matter of debate, the great interest gathered regarding it in a relatively few years reflects its broad potential scope, well beyond GD. The fact that pharmacological chaperones can be designed to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB) make them candidates for the treatment of neuronopathic forms of GD that are not responsive to ERT. Combined therapies offer even broader possibilities that deserve to be fully explored.
authors: Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC-Universidad de Sevilla, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors: Juan M
authors: JM
authors: Benito
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: García Fernández
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Ortiz Mellet
mesh_terms: D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D015195:Drug Design; D055808:Drug Discovery; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D056947:Enzyme Replacement Therapy; D005776:Gaucher Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050112:Imino Pyranoses / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010330:Patents as Topic; D017510:Protein Folding
chemical_list: D050112:Imino Pyranoses; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C098432:isofagomine