title: Efficient internalization of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles of different sizes by primary human macrophages and dendritic cells.
abstract: Engineered nanoparticles are being considered for a wide range of biomedical applications, from magnetic resonance imaging to "smart" drug delivery systems. The development of novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications must be accompanied by careful scrutiny of their biocompatibility. In this regard, particular attention should be paid to the possible interactions between nanoparticles and cells of the immune system, our primary defense system against foreign invasion. On the other hand, labeling of immune cells serves as an ideal tool for visualization, diagnosis or treatment of inflammatory processes, which requires the efficient internalization of the nanoparticles into the cells of interest. Here, we compare novel monodispersed silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles with commercially available dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. The silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles displayed excellent magnetic properties. Furthermore, they were non-toxic to primary human monocyte-derived macrophages at all doses tested whereas dose-dependent toxicity of the smaller silica-coated nanoparticles (30nm and 50nm) was observed for primary monocyte-derived dendritic cells, but not for the similarly small dextran-coated iron oxide nanoparticles. No macrophage or dendritic cell secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed upon administration of nanoparticles. The silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles were taken up to a significantly higher degree when compared to the dextran-coated nanoparticles, irrespective of size. Cellular internalization of the silica-coated nanoparticles was through an active, actin cytoskeleton-dependent process. We conclude that these novel silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles are promising materials for medical imaging, cell tracking and other biomedical applications.
authors: Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Kunzmann
authors: Britta
authors: B
authors: Andersson
authors: Carmen
authors: C
authors: Vogt
authors: Neus
authors: N
authors: Feliu
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Ye
authors: Susanne
authors: S
authors: Gabrielsson
authors: Muhammet S
authors: MS
authors: Toprak
authors: Tina
authors: T
authors: Buerki-Thurnherr
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Laurent
authors: Marie
authors: M
authors: Vahter
authors: Harald
authors: H
authors: Krug
authors: Mamoun
authors: M
authors: Muhammed
authors: Annika
authors: A
authors: Scheynius
authors: Bengt
authors: B
authors: Fadeel
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008280:Magnetics; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles / Q000633:toxicity*; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D010316:Particle Size; D012822:Silicon Dioxide
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D012822:Silicon Dioxide