title: Risk of deep venous thrombosis in drain clamping with tranexamic acid and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate hydrate in total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: The aim of this randomized prospective study was to clarify risks associated with a drain-clamping method using tranexamic acid and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate hydrate after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Subjects comprised 100 patients scheduled to undergo TKA, randomized into 2 groups: 50 patients received the drain-clamping method using tranexamic acid and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate hydrate and 50 patients received drain-clamping with saline. Although bleeding volume was significantly lower in the group with tranexamic acid and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate hydrate, risk of asymptomatic deep venous thrombosis as detected by ultrasonography was comparable between groups. Tranexamic acid and carbazochrome sodium sulfonate hydrate in the drain-clamping method help reduce bleeding after TKA without increasing the risk of deep venous thrombosis.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Onodera
authors: Tokifumi
authors: T
authors: Majima
authors: Naohiro
authors: N
authors: Sawaguchi
authors: Yasuhiko
authors: Y
authors: Kasahara
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Ishigaki
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Minami
mesh_terms: D000323:Adrenochrome / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000368:Aged; D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; D003250:Constriction; D005260:Female; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014148:Tranexamic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000933:Antifibrinolytic Agents; D006490:Hemostatics; D014148:Tranexamic Acid; D000323:Adrenochrome; C073338:carbazochrome