title: Genome-wide analysis of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine distribution reveals its dual function in transcriptional regulation in mouse embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Recent studies have demonstrated that the Ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family proteins can enzymatically convert 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). While 5mC has been studied extensively, little is known about the distribution and function of 5hmC. Here we present a genome-wide profile of 5hmC in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. A combined analysis of global 5hmC distribution and gene expression profile in wild-type and Tet1-depleted ES cells suggests that 5hmC is enriched at both gene bodies of actively transcribed genes and extended promoter regions of Polycomb-repressed developmental regulators. Thus, our study reveals the first genome-wide 5hmC distribution in pluripotent stem cells, and supports its dual function in regulating gene expression.
authors: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
authors: Hao
authors: H
authors: Wu
authors: Ana C
authors: AC
authors: D'Alessio
authors: Shinsuke
authors: S
authors: Ito
authors: Zhibin
authors: Z
authors: Wang
authors: Kairong
authors: K
authors: Cui
authors: Keji
authors: K
authors: Zhao
authors: Yi Eve
authors: YE
authors: Sun
authors: Yi
authors: Y
authors: Zhang
mesh_terms: D044503:5-Methylcytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D055106:Genome-Wide Association Study; D051379:Mice; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C540839:TET1 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; C011865:5-hydroxymethylcytosine; D044503:5-Methylcytosine; D003596:Cytosine