title: [Non dietetic environmental risk factors in prostate cancer].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim is to update and disclose the main environmental risk factors, excluding dietary factors, involved in the etiopathology of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bibliographic review of the last 25 years of non-dietary environmental risk factors associated with prostate cancer between 1985 and 2010, obtained from MedLine, CancerLit, Science Citation Index and Embase. The search profiles were Environmental Risk Factors/Tobacco/Infectious-Inflammatory Factors/Pesticides/Vasectomy/Occupational Exposures/Chemoprevention Agents/Radiation and Prostate Cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While some non-dietary environmental risk factors increase the risk of acquiring the disease, others decrease it. Of the former, it is worth mentioning exposal to tobacco smoke, chronic infectious-inflammatory prostatic processes and occupational exposure to cadmium, herbicides and pesticides. The first factors that reduce the risk are the use of chemopreventive drugs (Finasterida, Dutasteride) and exposure to ultraviolet solar radiation. With the current data, a vasectomy does not influence the risk of developing the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The slow process of prostate carcinogenesis is the final result of the interaction of constitutional risk and environmental factors. Non-dietary environmental factors play an important role in the etiopathology of this disease. To appropriately assess the risk factors, extensive case studies that include all the possible variables must be analysed.
authors: Unidad de Salud Medioambiental Pediátrica, Unidad de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España. ferris_jos@gva.es
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ferrís-I-Tortajada
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Berbel-Tornero
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Garcia-I-Castell
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: López-Andreu
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Sobrino-Najul
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Ortega-García
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014659:Vasectomy / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D010575:Pesticides