title: MRI evaluation of axonal reorganization after bone marrow stromal cell treatment of traumatic brain injury.
abstract: We treated traumatic brain injury (TBI) with human bone marrow stromal cells (hMSCs) and evaluated the effect of treatment on white matter reorganization using MRI. We subjected male Wistar rats (n = 17) to controlled cortical impact and either withheld treatment (controls; n = 9) or inserted collagen scaffolds containing hMSCs (n = 8). Six weeks later, the rats were sacrificed and MRI revealed selective migration of grafted neural progenitor cells towards the white matter reorganized boundary of the TBI-induced lesion. Histology confirmed that the white matter had been reorganized, associated with increased fractional anisotropy (FA; p < 0.01) in the recovery regions relative to the injured core region in both treated and control groups. Treatment with hMSCs increased FA in the recovery regions, lowered T(2) in the core region, decreased lesion volume and improved functional recovery relative to untreated controls. Immunoreactive staining showed axonal projections emanating from neurons and extruding from the corpus callosum into the ipsilateral cortex at the boundary of the lesion. Fiber tracking (FT) maps derived from diffusion tensor imaging confirmed the immunohistological data and provided information on axonal rewiring. The apparent kurtosis coefficient (AKC) detected additional axonal remodeling regions with crossing axons, confirmed by immunohistological staining, compared with FA. Our data demonstrate that AKC, FA, FT and T(2) can be used to evaluate treatment-induced white matter recovery, which may facilitate restorative therapy in patients with TBI.
authors: Department of Neurology, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. qjiang1@hfhs.org
authors: Quan
authors: Q
authors: Jiang
authors: Changsheng
authors: C
authors: Qu
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Chopp
authors: Guang Liang
authors: GL
authors: Ding
authors: Siamak P Nejad-
authors: SP
authors: Davarani
authors: Joseph A
authors: JA
authors: Helpern
authors: Jens H
authors: JH
authors: Jensen
authors: Zheng Gang
authors: ZG
authors: Zhang
authors: Lian
authors: L
authors: Li
authors: Mei
authors: M
authors: Lu
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Kaplan
authors: Jiani
authors: J
authors: Hu
authors: Yimin
authors: Y
authors: Shen
authors: Zhifeng
authors: Z
authors: Kou
authors: Qingjiang
authors: Q
authors: Li
authors: Shiyang
authors: S
authors: Wang
authors: Asim
authors: A
authors: Mahmood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002465:Cell Movement; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000637:transplantation