title: Role of reactive oxygen species-related enzymes in neuropeptide y and proopiomelanocortin-mediated appetite control: a study using atypical protein kinase C knockdown.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies have reported that redox signaling in the hypothalamus participates in nutrient sensing. The current study aimed to determine if the activation of reactive oxygen species-related enzymes (ROS-RE) in the hypothalamus participates in regulating neuropeptide Y (NPY)-mediated eating. Moreover, possible roles of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) were also investigated. Rats were treated daily with phenylpropanolamine (PPA) for 4 days. Changes in the expression levels of ROS-RE, POMC, NPY, and aPKC were assessed and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results showed that ROS-RE, POMC, and aPKC increased, with a maximal response on Day 2 (anorectic effect) and with a restoration to the normal level on Day 4 (tolerant effect). By contrast, NPY expression decreased, and the expression pattern of NPY proved opposite those of ROS-RE and POMC. Central inhibition of ROS production by ICV infusion of ROS scavenger attenuated PPA anorexia, revealing a crucial role of ROS in regulating eating. Cerebral aPKC knockdown by ICV infusion of antisense aPKC modulated the expression of ROS-RE, POMC, and NPY.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that ROS-RE/POMC- and NPY-containing neurons function reciprocally in regulating both the anorectic and tolerant effects of PPA, while aPKC is upstream of these regulators.
  
  
  METHODS
  These results may further the understanding of ROS-RE and aPKC in the control of PPA anorexia.
authors: Department of Physiology, Chung Shan Medical University and Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan, Republic of China. dykuo@csmu.edu.tw
authors: Dong-Yih
authors: DY
authors: Kuo
authors: Pei-Ni
authors: PN
authors: Chen
authors: Shun-Fa
authors: SF
authors: Yang
authors: Shu-Chen
authors: SC
authors: Chu
authors: Chin-Hsiu
authors: CH
authors: Chen
authors: Meng-Hsien
authors: MH
authors: Kuo
authors: Ching-Han
authors: CH
authors: Yu
authors: Yih-Shou
authors: YS
authors: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism*; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D011333:Pro-Opiomelanocortin; D011493:Protein Kinase C