title: [Stigmatization of a person visiting psychiatrist depends on observer's gender].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The two types of stigmatization are social stigma, which includes discrimination, underestimation and distance in various social circumstances and personal stigma, which includes private relation i.e. a contact in person with stigmatized subject. Majority of recent publications has shown gender asymmetry in stigmatization (mostly indicating male predominance in stigmatizing processes), whereas the opposite data can be also found in some publications. The present study was aimed at exploring the relation of students' gender with their tendency to stigmatize subjects visiting a psychiatrist and at analyzing whether the gender influences the process of stigmatization.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey included 523 students (227 on the second and 296 on the sixth year of School of Medicine, University of Belgrade). The instrument consisted of a vignette with questionnaire (14 items). Four versions of vignette were distributed: with/without "label" and male/female subject in the vignette.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A more personal stigmatization was evident in the female students (p < 0.05). while no gender-differences existed in social stigmatization (p > 0.05). The stigmatization positively correlated with the intimacy of student's relation with the subject going to a psychiatrist. A higher rate of stigmatization was evident if the vignette was showing a person of the opposite gender.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is a unique study which analyzes separately the gender of a stigmatizing subject versus the subject being stigmatized and types of stigmatization. The data obtained should contribute to recognizing, understanding and controlling the widespread problem of stigma.
authors: Medicinski fakultet, Beograd.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Munjiza
authors: Dragan J
authors: DJ
authors: Stojiljković
authors: Bojana
authors: B
authors: Milekić
authors: Olgica
authors: O
authors: Latković
authors: Miroslava
authors: M
authors: Jasović-Gasić
authors: Nada P
authors: NP
authors: Marić
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D011613:Psychotherapy; D057545:Social Stigma; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D055815:Young Adult