title: Lymphocyte TRPV 1-4 gene expression and MIF blood levels in a young girl clinically diagnosed with HSAN IV.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with congenital insensitivity to pain are unable to sense pain and temperature. They undergo many injuries, inflammatory state, and infections. Various mutations in the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor gene have been implicated in this disorder. We measured the leukocyte expression of transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) 1-4 genes and the blood macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) concentration in a young girl clinically diagnosed with congenital insensitivity to pain. The investigation may help to define the interplay between nerve growth factor and TRPV 1-4 channels and between these sensors and MIF in this disease, and in broader terms in nociception.
  
  
  METHODS
  TRPV 1-4 gene expression (real-time polymerase chain reaction) and MIF concentration (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) were determined in the blood of the girl, her family, and control participants. Statistical analysis of gene expression was carried out between samples and controls with a mathematical model based on the correction for exact polymerase chain reaction efficiencies, and the mean crossing point deviation between samples and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The TRPV 1--4 gene expression rates did not significantly differ from the values found in the control group. TRPV1 was almost doubly upregulated. MIF levels were much higher than the reference value.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high increase in the MIF concentration (likely due to the chronic or recurrent inflammatory state) may have contributed to the normal expression of TRPV 1-4 and to the relative upregulation of TRPV1. The role of this cytokine on the expression of these genes deserves further investigation.
authors: Department of Physiology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. valebachiocco@libero.it
authors: Valeria
authors: V
authors: Bachiocco
authors: Rosalba
authors: R
authors: Bergamaschi
authors: Giacomo
authors: G
authors: Spinsanti
authors: Mario
authors: M
authors: Lima
authors: Roberta
authors: R
authors: Romagnoli
authors: Giuseppina
authors: G
authors: Sorda
authors: Anna Maria
authors: AM
authors: Aloisi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D009477:Hereditary Sensory and Autonomic Neuropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494482:TRPV1 protein, human; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C515598:MIF protein, human