title: [Personalized medicine for epilepsy based on the pharmacogenomic testing].
abstract: Currently a trial-and-error approach is employed to determine the most effective antiepileptic drug (AED) and dosage for a patient, and almost 30% of all patients are resistant to AED therapy. Introduction of personalized medicine for epilepsy based on pharmacogenomic testing is a new avenue for optimizing AED therapy. However, several crucial issues remain to be resolved before this initiative can be fully pursued. This article provides a critical review of the status and perspectives in the development of personalized medicine for epilepsy based on pharmacogenetic variations that may affect efficacy, tolerability, and safety of AEDs, such as variations in the genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes (e.g., cytochrome P450), or drug transporters (e.g., MDR1, MRP2).
authors: Department of Integrated Human Sciences, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, 1-20-1 Handayama, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors: Shuichi
authors: S
authors: Yoshida
authors: Takayuki
authors: T
authors: Sugawara
authors: Takuhiro
authors: T
authors: Nishio
authors: Sunao
authors: S
authors: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D057285:Precision Medicine; D044469:Racial Groups
chemical_list: D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D054316:Biomarkers, Pharmacological; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; C513055:ABCB1 protein, human; C000715087:ABCC2 protein, human