title: A two-step concept to derive a consistent set of intervention levels for radiation emergency planning and to translate international recommendations into practical guidance.
abstract: A two-step concept is proposed in order to derive a consistent set of intervention levels for early (sheltering, evacuation) and late (relocation/resettlement, returning) protective actions that have to be considered in radiation emergency planning. In the first step, the dose ratios of the projected effective doses have to be calculated for four defined time periods, which correspond with the integration times for sheltering and relocation. In the second step, it is necessary to adopt an intervention level for one protective action or a more general reference level for a certain time period as, for example, the reference level recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 103 in 2007. The adopted intervention level or reference level and the relationships between the projected effective doses are used to derive a consistent set of intervention levels for early and late protective actions. To illustrate the two-step concept, four sets of intervention levels are exemplarily derived for two accidental releases from nuclear power plants.
authors: Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz, D-79098 Freiburg, Germany. ewirth@bfs.de
authors: Erich
authors: E
authors: Wirth
authors: Adriana C
authors: AC
authors: Baciu
authors: Brigitte
authors: B
authors: Gerich
authors: Monika
authors: M
authors: Blaettler
authors: Uwe
authors: U
authors: Buettner
authors: José M
authors: JM
authors: Calvarro
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Hofer
authors: Eldri Naadland
authors: EN
authors: Holo
authors: Johannes
authors: J
authors: Kuhlen
authors: Kornelia
authors: K
authors: Molnar
authors: Marina
authors: M
authors: Nizamska
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Sogalla
authors: István
authors: I
authors: Turai
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Vandecasteele
mesh_terms: D004630:Emergencies; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006287:Health Planning Guidelines; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards