title: Breast deformities and mastopexy.
abstract: LEARNING OBJECTIONS: After reviewing this article, the participant should be able to: 1. Appreciate the diversity of approaches for the correction of breast deformities and mastopexy. 2. Review the salient literature. 3. Understand patient selection criteria and indications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Breast deformities and mastopexy continue to challenge plastic surgeons. Deformities such as Poland syndrome, tuberous breast, gynecomastia, and other congenital conditions are uncommon; therefore, management experience is often limited. Various techniques have been described, with no general consensus regarding optimal management. Mastopexy has become more common and is performed both with and without augmentation mammaplasty. However, a variety of techniques are available, and a thorough understanding of the indications, patient selection criteria, and techniques is important to optimize outcomes. This article will review these and other conditions to provide a better understanding of the current available data and evidence for these operations.
authors: Washington, D.C. From the Department of Plastic Surgery, Georgetown University Hospital.
authors: Maurice Y
authors: MY
authors: Nahabedian
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000002:abnormalities*; D019928:Breast Implantation; D005260:Female; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011045:Poland Syndrome / Q000601:surgery