title: Inhibition of carrageenan-induced expression of tissue and plasma prekallikreins mRNA by low level laser therapy in a rat paw edema model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used clinically in order to treat inflammation, where tissue and plasma prekallikrein have crucial importance. Plasma prekallikrein (PPK) is synthesized by the hepatocytes and secreted into the bloodstream, where it participates in the surface-dependent activation of blood coagulation, fibrinolysis, kinin generation and inflammation. Tissue prekallikrein is associated with important disease states (including cancer, inflammation, and neurodegeneration) and has been utilized or proposed as clinically important biomarker or therapeutic target of interest.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate if LLLT modulates tissue and plasma prekallikreins mRNA expression in the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental groups were assigned as followed: A(1) (Control-saline), A(2) (Carrageenan-only), A(3) (laser 660 nm only) and A(4) (Carrageenan + laser 660 nm). Edema was measured by a plethysmometer. Subplantar tissue was collected for the quantification of prekallikreins mRNA by Real time-Polymerase Chain Reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly decrease in the edema was observed after laser irradiation. Expression of prekallikreins increased after carrageenan injection. Tissue and plasma prekallikrein mRNA expression significantly decreased after LLLT's 660 nm wavelength.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that expression of tissue and plasma prekallikreins is modulated by LLLT, which can be used in clinical practice due to its anti-inflammatory effects.
authors: Ciências da Reabilitação, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors: Moisés P
authors: MP
authors: Silva
authors: Flávia
authors: F
authors: Bortone
authors: Marcelo P
authors: MP
authors: Silva
authors: Thiago R
authors: TR
authors: Araújo
authors: Maricília S
authors: MS
authors: Costa
authors: José A
authors: JA
authors: Silva Júnior
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005121:Extremities; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008297:Male; D011288:Prekallikrein / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D002351:Carrageenan; D011288:Prekallikrein