title: Uric acid levels predict future development of chronic kidney disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased uric acid levels are associated with kidney dysfunction. We tested the hypothesis that uric acid level predicts future development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, we enrolled 7,078 consecutive subjects with normal estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR; ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)) who visited our hospital for a yearly health checkup (age: 52.8 ± 10.7 years; female: 35.8%). Subjects underwent a routine physical examination and laboratory assessment of cardiovascular disease risk factors at enrollment, and were followed up for 1,694 days (median) with the endpoint being the development of CKD (eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)). The impact of uric acid and other cardiovascular risk factors at baseline on the future development of CKD were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the follow-up period, 417 male (9.2%) and 151 female subjects (6.0%) developed CKD. Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed a significant association between the onset of CKD and age, male gender, body mass index, blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, dyslipidemia and uric acid. Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that new-onset CKD was independently correlated with the baseline uric acid level after adjustment for possible factors. Subanalysis showed similar results in subjects with normal uric acid levels (male: ≤7.0 mg/dl; female: ≤6.0 mg/dl; n = 6,223).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uric acid is an independent predictor of future development of CKD. Whether preventing an increase in uric acid levels reduces the incidence of CKD must be clarified by prospective follow-up studies.
authors: Department of Cardio-Renal Medicine and Hypertension, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan.
authors: Hiroo
authors: H
authors: Sonoda
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Takase
authors: Yasuaki
authors: Y
authors: Dohi
authors: Genjiro
authors: G
authors: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014527:Uric Acid