title: Effects of OROS methylphenidate on academic, behavioral, and cognitive tasks in children 9 to 12 years of age with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess effects of OROS methylphenidate on cognitive and academic tasks in 9 to 12 year olds with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A double-blind, within-subject, crossover design was used to compare OROS methylphenidate with placebo in a laboratory classroom setting on several cognitive and academic tasks for 68 children who met randomization criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Performance on the following measures was significantly better when children received individually optimized OROS methylphenidate than placebo: math fluency and accuracy measured by the Permanent Product Math Test, ADHD symptoms observed in the laboratory setting, computerized indices of attention and impulsivity as measured by the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA), and visual-spatial working memory (Finger Windows Backwards). Study medication was well tolerated; adverse events were generally consistent with previous reports.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OROS methylphenidate improves performance on measures of attention and vigilance, behavior, and working memory in a laboratory school setting in 9 to 12 year olds with ADHD.
authors: Department of Psychiatry, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. dwmurray@duke.edu
authors: Desiree W
authors: DW
authors: Murray
authors: Ann
authors: A
authors: Childress
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Giblin
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Williamson
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Armstrong
authors: H Lynn
authors: HL
authors: Starr
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects*; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013028:Space Perception / Q000187:drug effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D008774:Methylphenidate