title: Urethral compensatory mechanisms to maintain urinary continence after pudendal nerve injury in female rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to investigate the urethral compensatory mechanisms to maintain urinary continence after pudendal nerve injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  In naive, acute pudendal nerve transection (PNT) and 4 weeks after PNT (PNT-4w) female rats, leak point pressures (LPPs) during bladder compression were measured before and after the application of hexamethonium (C6), propranolol, and N (ω)-nitro-L: -arginine-methyl ester (L: -NAME), or terazosin and atropine. Responses to carbachol and phenylephrine of proximal and middle urethral muscle strips from naive and PNT-4w rats were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPPs were significantly decreased in PNT rats but not in PNT-4w rats. LPPs in PNT rats were significantly increased by C6 or L-NAME while LPPs in PNT-4w rats were significantly decreased by C6, or terazosin and atropine. Excitatory responses to carbachol and phenylephrine in the proximal urethral muscle were significantly larger in PNT-4w rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that α(1)-adrenoceptor and muscarinic receptor-mediated contractility is upregulated in the proximal urethra 4 weeks after PNT.
authors: Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. a-furuta@rf7.so-net.ne.jp
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Furuta
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Suzuki
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Asano
authors: William C
authors: WC
authors: de Groat
authors: Shin
authors: S
authors: Egawa
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D058646:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000293:injuries; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D013565:Sympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D058646:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Agonists; D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D013565:Sympatholytics