title: Polymorphisms of GSTM1 and GSTT1, sun exposure and the risk of melanoma: a case-control study.
abstract: Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are a family of enzymes that are known to play an important role in cellular protection against oxidative stress, including the oxidative stress caused by ultraviolet radiation. This study focused on the possible involvement of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms in risk modulation of cutaneous melanoma. Within a case-control study, the presence of the null polymorphism at GSTM1 and GSTT1 was investigated in 188 cases of cutaneous melanoma and 152 controls. Information on socio-demographic characteristics, medical history, sun exposure and pigmentary characteristics were collected for all subjects. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). An interaction was suggested between the GSTM1 and GSTT1 "null" genotype and episodes of sunburn in childhood OR of interaction (1.65, 95% CI (95% CI) 0.27-9.94). The risk of melanoma among the subset of participants who reported sunburns in childhood and who had both null variants, was nine (OR 9.16; 95% CI 1.18-70.9). The results suggest that subjects carrying both GSTM1 and GSTT1 null polymorphisms and experiencing sunburns in childhood have an extremely high risk of melanoma.
authors: Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy. c.fortes@idi.it
authors: Cristina
authors: C
authors: Fortes
authors: Simona
authors: S
authors: Mastroeni
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Boffetta
authors: Luciano
authors: L
authors: Innocenzi
authors: Gianluca
authors: G
authors: Antonelli
authors: Raffaella
authors: R
authors: Giovinazzo
authors: Patrizia
authors: P
authors: Anzidei
authors: Franco
authors: F
authors: Melchi
authors: Stefania
authors: S
authors: D' Atri
authors: Paolo
authors: P
authors: Pasquini
authors: Frederica
authors: F
authors: Venanzetti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006200:Hair Color / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D013471:Sunburn / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1