title: Low-temperature growth of graphene by chemical vapor deposition using solid and liquid carbon sources.
abstract: Graphene has attracted a lot of research interest owing to its exotic properties and a wide spectrum of potential applications. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) from gaseous hydrocarbon sources has shown great promises for large-scale graphene growth. However, high growth temperature, typically 1000 °C, is required for such growth. Here we demonstrate a revised CVD route to grow graphene on Cu foils at low temperature, adopting solid and liquid hydrocarbon feedstocks. For solid PMMA and polystyrene precursors, centimeter-scale monolayer graphene films are synthesized at a growth temperature down to 400 °C. When benzene is used as the hydrocarbon source, monolayer graphene flakes with excellent quality are achieved at a growth temperature as low as 300 °C. The successful low-temperature growth can be qualitatively understood from the first principles calculations. Our work might pave a way to an undemanding route for economical and convenient graphene growth.
authors: Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale and Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
authors: Zhancheng
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Ping
authors: P
authors: Wu
authors: Chenxi
authors: C
authors: Wang
authors: Xiaodong
authors: X
authors: Fan
authors: Wenhua
authors: W
authors: Zhang
authors: Xiaofang
authors: X
authors: Zhai
authors: Changgan
authors: C
authors: Zeng
authors: Zhenyu
authors: Z
authors: Li
authors: Jinlong
authors: J
authors: Yang
authors: Jianguo
authors: J
authors: Hou