title: Combined consumption of soy germ and tomato powders results in altered isoflavone and carotenoid bioavailability in rats.
abstract: The efficacy of combinations of food for enhanced anticancer activity is of clinical interest, but there is limited information on the effect of combined consumption on bioactive bioavailability. Male Copenhagen rats consumed diets containing 10% tomato powder (TP), 2% soy germ (SG), neither, or a combination (TP+SG) for 25 weeks (n = 63) or 7 days (n = 24). After 7 days, serum carotenoids were significantly lower after TP+SG feeding compared to TP alone. After 25 weeks, the TP+SG group had significantly lower lycopene and β-carotene concentration in the testes, seminal vesicles, and ventral prostate compared to the TP group and significantly higher urinary isoflavone excretion compared to the SG group. These differences were not explained by mRNA expression of scavenger receptor class B type I, carotene 15,15'-monooxygenase I, carotene 9',10'-monooxygenase II, or activity of hepatic detoxification enzymes. The results suggest interactions between soy germ and tomato powder that enhance isoflavone absorption but reduce carotenoid bioavailability.
authors: Division of Nutritional Sciences, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States.
authors: Krystle E
authors: KE
authors: Zuniga
authors: John W
authors: JW
authors: Erdman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004032:Diet; D057141:Food, Preserved; D015870:Gene Expression; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000737:chemistry; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B / Q000235:genetics; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007529:Isoflavones; C495125:Scarb1 protein, rat; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B; D002338:Carotenoids; D010105:Oxygenases; C500451:carotenoid oxygenase