title: [A new experimental model for inducing interstitial cystitis by oxidative stress using bladder instillation of a nitric oxide donor gel].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to develop a new experimental model of inducing interstitial cystitis (IC) through vesical instillation of a polymeric solution containing the NO donor S-nitrousglutathione (GSNO) and to compare it to the experimental interstitial cystitis induced by vesical instillation of protamine and potassium chloride.
  
  
  METHODS
  For that purpose 40 female Wistar rats were used, divided in four groups: 1. saline solution + GSNO; 2. saline solution + polymeric solution (without GNSO); 3. protamine sulphate + KCl; 4. protamine sulphate + GSNO. The rats received one application (5 animals) or 3 applications (5 animals) of the corresponding substance through intravesical instillation, and after 6 days (5 animals) or 9 days (5 animals) they were euthanized and their bladders were removed for macroscopic evaluation and histological study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the macroscopic evaluation we observed edema and hyperemia of the mucosa in 2 (22%) of the animals in group 1, in 0 (0%) of the animals in group 2, in 10 (100%) of the animals in group 3, and in 5 (50%) of the animals in group 4. In the protamine + KCl group and in saline + GSNO similar effects were observed on the bladder wall. The animals in group 2 (saline + polymeric) showed vascular congestion, significantly smaller than the rest after 9 days instillations (p=0.0035). Significant increased fibrosis was observed after instillations in groups 3 and 4, after 6 days (p=0.3781) and 9 days (p=0.0459) respectively, when compared to control (group 2). All groups presented neutrophilic infiltrate of variable intensity 6 days after instillations (p=0.7277). After 9 days, there was a regression of the infiltrate, with no evidence of accentuated neutrophilic reaction in all the groups (p=0.2301).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inflammatory response to bladder instillation of an aqueous solution of S-nitrousglutathione was very similar to that induced by bladder instillation of protamine and KCl. Instillation of an aqueous solution of GSNO can be considered a new model for experimental induction of interstitial cystitis.
authors: Hospital Clínico Universitario de la Universidad Estatal de Campinas, Brasil. thais.palma@gmail.com
authors: T F
authors: TF
authors: Palma
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Seabra
authors: S C
authors: SC
authors: Souto
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Maciel
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Alvarenga
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Siniscalchi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Ganzarolli
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Ricetto
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000818:Animals; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D005978:Glutathione / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D011479:Protamines / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C116176:PEO-PPO-PEO; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D011479:Protamines; C116027:S-nitroglutathione; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D005978:Glutathione