title: Induction of yeast apoptosis by an antimicrobial peptide, Papiliocin.
abstract: Papiliocin is a 37-residue peptide isolated from the swallowtail butterfly Papilio xuthus. In this study, we found that Papiliocin induced the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and hydroxyl radicals known to be important regulators of apoptosis in Candida albicans. To examine the relationship between the accumulation of ROS and the induction of apoptosis, we investigated the apoptotic effects of Papiliocin using apoptotic markers. Cells treated with Papiliocin showed a series of cellular changes normally seen in cells undergoing apoptosis: plasma membrane translocation of phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer membrane leaflet, measured by Annexin V staining, dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential, observed by DiOC(6)(3) staining; and the presence of active metacaspases, measured using the CaspACE FITC-VAD-FMK, as early apoptotic events. In addition, DNA condensation and fragmentation, which is important marker of late stage apoptosis, was seen by DAPI and TUNEL assay. Therefore, these results suggest that Papiliocin leads to apoptosis in C. albicans via ROS accumulation.
authors: School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea.
authors: Bomi
authors: B
authors: Hwang
authors: Jae-Sam
authors: JS
authors: Hwang
authors: Juneyoung
authors: J
authors: Lee
authors: Jin-Kyoung
authors: JK
authors: Kim
authors: Seong Ryul
authors: SR
authors: Kim
authors: Yangmee
authors: Y
authors: Kim
authors: Dong Gun
authors: DG
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C551727:papiliocin protein, Papilio xuthus; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D020169:Caspases