title: Antiviral activities in human saliva.
abstract: In this review, the authors survey the large number of antibacterial and antiviral proteins present in human saliva. Of interest, most of these antibacterial proteins display antiviral activity, typically against specific viral pathogens. The review focuses on one protein that interacts with both bacteria and viruses-gp340, originally referred to as salivary agglutinin. In the oral cavity, soluble gp340 binds to and aggregates a variety of bacteria, and this is thought to increase bacterial clearance from the mouth. However, when bound to the tooth surface, gp340 promotes bacterial adherence. In the oral cavity, most gp340 is found soluble in saliva and can function as a specific inhibitor of infectivity of HIV-1 and influenza A. In contrast, in the female reproductive track, most gp340 is bound to the cell surface, where it can promote HIV-1 infection.
authors: Department of Basic Sciences, NYU College of Dentistry, New York, New York, USA. daniel.malamud@nyu.edu
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Malamud
authors: W R
authors: WR
authors: Abrams
authors: C A
authors: CA
authors: Barber
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Weissman
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Rehtanz
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Golub
mesh_terms: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000502:physiology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000502:physiology*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; C108174:DMBT1 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins