title: Infant feeding options, other nonchemoprophylactic factors, and mother-to-child transmission of HIV in Zambia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of antiretroviral drugs in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV is well known. The objective of this study is to explore how nonchemoprophylactic factors, including infant feeding practices, mother's HIV status disclosure, mode and place of delivery, infant gender, and maternal age, are related to MTCT.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study analyzed program data of DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results from dried blood spot samples and selected client information from perinatally exposed infants aged 0 to 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 8237 samples were analyzed. In all, 84% of the mothers ever breast-fed their children. In instances where both mother and baby received intervention, the transmission rates of HIV were higher among those who are still breast-feeding after 6 to 12 months. Disclosure, location, and mode of delivery did not have an effect on the transmission rates of HIV when both mother and baby received prophylaxis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonchemoprophylaxis factors, especially breast-feeding, play a key role in perinatal transmission of HIV.
authors: 1Family Health International/Zambia Prevention Care and Treatment Partnership, Lusaka, Zambia.
authors: Kwasi
authors: K
authors: Torpey
authors: Mushota
authors: M
authors: Kabaso
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Weaver
authors: Prisca
authors: P
authors: Kasonde
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Mukonka
authors: Maximillian
authors: M
authors: Bweupe
authors: Jonathan
authors: J
authors: Mukundu
authors: Justin
authors: J
authors: Mandala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000635:transmission*; D006268:Health Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006700:Home Childbirth / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012737:Sex Factors; D014342:Truth Disclosure; D015024:Zambia; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015215:Zidovudine; D019829:Nevirapine