title: Functional polymorphism of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) gene and response to lithium prophylaxis in bipolar patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) has been implicated in a number of pathological conditions including cancer and heart diseases, and recently also in such neuropsychiatric disorders as schizophrenia and bipolar illness. Therefore, we investigated a possible association between functional polymorphisms of the MMP-9 gene and the response to lithium, the main mood-stabilizing drug in bipolar illness.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and nine bipolar patients treated with lithium for at least 5 years were analyzed. The lithium response was assessed as--excellent: no affective episodes during lithium treatment; partial: 50% or more reduction in the episode index; no response: less than 50% reduction, no change or worsening in the episode index. The -1562C/T MMP-9 gene polymorphism (rs3918242) was assessed by PCR-RFLP method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype distributions were not in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No association was found between polymorphism studied and the quality of response to prophylactic lithium administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The functional polymorphism of the MMP-9 gene, analyzed in this study, may not be associated with the treatment response to lithium in bipolar patients.
authors: Department of Adult Psychiatry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poland. rybakows@wlkp.top.pl
authors: Janusz K
authors: JK
authors: Rybakowski
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Skibinska
authors: Aleksandra
authors: A
authors: Suwalska
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Leszczynska-Rodziewicz
authors: Leszek
authors: L
authors: Kaczmarek
authors: Joanna
authors: J
authors: Hauser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016651:Lithium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D016651:Lithium Carbonate; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9