title: Activity groupings reflecting functional characteristics required in daily life in institutionalized dependent females in the old old elderly group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to determine the activity groupings reflecting functional characteristics required in daily life for the institutionalized dependent females in the old-old elderly group, by examining the interrelationships of activities based on actual achievement characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants were 697 dependent elderly living at welfare institutions in Japan and 344 old-old females were used for analysis. Factor analysis, based on Promax with the Kaiser Normalization method, was conducted using 74 activities of daily living (ADL) items to determine activity groups. Furthermore, whether each activity group could be classified into sub-groups was confirmed by applying factor analysis to the activities consisting of each activity group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four activity groups of lower extremity activities, manual activities, changing and holding posture activities, and upper extremity and dexterous manual activities were interpreted. Except for the manual activity group, these activity groups were classified into two sub-groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These activity groupings were characterized by similarities of the body parts used in achievement and the difficulty of activity. The activity groupings obtained in this study are considered to be useful in ADL assessment focusing on evaluating functional characteristics of the dependent elderly.
authors: Faculty of Education, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Demura
authors: Susumu
authors: S
authors: Sato
authors: Masaki
authors: M
authors: Minami
authors: Kohsho
authors: K
authors: Kasuga