title: PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in human milk and estimation of infants' daily intake: a review.
abstract: This paper reviews the recent scientific literature on PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs in human milk. All the papers reporting levels of these contaminants in human breast milk published from January 2000 to January 2009 and available on the www.sciencedirect.com web site were identified and included. The aim was (1) to study levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs in human milk in mothers from different geographical areas and assess infant exposure to these contaminants; (2) to study the effect of variables such as the mother's age, number of deliveries, dietary and smoking habits and her own nutrition in infancy, and the environment, on levels of the contaminants in breast milk; (3) to study time patterns, and (4) to identify data gaps.
authors: Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Department of Environmental Health Science, Via La Masa 19, 20156 Milan, Italy. maria.ulaszewska@unicatt.it
authors: Maria Malgorzata
authors: MM
authors: Ulaszewska
authors: Ettore
authors: E
authors: Zuccato
authors: Enrico
authors: E
authors: Davoli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000378:metabolism*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism*; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011108:Polymers; C016068:polychlorodibenzofuran; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls