title: Mass imaging of iron oxide nanoparticles inside cells for in vitro cytotoxicity.
abstract: Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) imaging analysis was performed on murine macrophage cells treated with various concentrations of iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles, which are used as MRI contrast agents. First, murine macrophage cells were seeded on a slide glass for 24 hrs and treated with varying concentrations of Fe3O4 nanoparticles for 24 hrs. To expose a cross section of each cell and obtain a distribution of the nanoparticles inside the cells, the cells were sputtered using Bi ions after which the cross section of each cell was scanned and imaged using the focused cluster ion beam with a spatial resolution of 300 nm. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were found mainly in the cytoplasm region of the cells, not in the nucleus region of cells, suggesting that the uptake of the Fe3O4 nanoparticles were into the cytoplasm of cell, not into the nucleus of cell. Based on these observations, our protocol using mass imaging analysis would be a useful addition to the study of in vitro nanoparticle cytotoxicity.
authors: Center for Nano-Bio Convergence Research, Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science, Daejeon 305-600, Korea.
authors: Hyun Kyong
authors: HK
authors: Shon
authors: Jungsin
authors: J
authors: Park
authors: Inhong
authors: I
authors: Choi
authors: Hyun Min
authors: HM
authors: Park
authors: Dae Won
authors: DW
authors: Moon
authors: Tae Geol
authors: TG
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000379:methods; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053768:Metal Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion / Q000379:methods; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide