title: Farnesol attenuates 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptotic responses in the colon of Wistar rats.
abstract: Colon cancer is the major health hazard related with high mortality and it is a pathological consequence of persistent oxidative stress and inflammation. Farnesol, an isoprenoid alcohol, has been shown to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and chemopreventive properties. The present study was performed to evaluate the protective efficacy of farnesol against 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) induced oxidative stress, inflammatory response and apoptotic tissue damage. Farnesol was administered once daily for seven consecutive days at the doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight in corn oil. On day 7, a single injection of DMH was given subcutaneously in the groin at the dose of 40 mg/kg body weight. Protective effects of farnesol were assessed by using caspase-3 activity, tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO) and antioxidant status as end point markers. Further strengthening was evident on histopathological observations used to assess the protective efficacy of farnesol. Prophylactic treatment with farnesol significantly ameliorates DMH induced oxidative damage by diminishing the tissue LPO accompanied by increase in enzymatic viz., superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and quinone reductase (QR) and non-enzymatic viz., reduced glutathione (GSH) antioxidant status. Farnesol supplementation significantly decreased caspase-3 activity in colonic tissue. Histological findings also revealed that pretreatment with farnesol significantly reduced the severity of submucosal edema, regional destruction of the mucosal layer and intense infiltration of the inflammatory cells in mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon. The data of the present study suggest that farnesol effectively suppress DMH induced colonic mucosal damage by ameliorating oxidative stress, inflammatory and apoptotic responses.
authors: Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Division, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India.
authors: Rehan
authors: R
authors: Khan
authors: Sarwat
authors: S
authors: Sultana
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005204:Farnesol / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005759:Gastroenteritis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D005204:Farnesol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D053148:Caspase 3; D005978:Glutathione; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine