title: A multifaceted strategy to reduce inappropriate use of frozen plasma transfusions in the intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of a multifaceted behavior-change strategy on inappropriate use of frozen plasma (FP) transfusions in the intensive care unit (ICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, time-series study was conducted in a 15-bed medical-surgical ICU in 3 phases: (1) baseline observation; (2) educational campaign, audit and feedback to prescribers, and implementation of an FP request form; and (3) FP request form only. Independently, in triplicate and blinded to study phase, appropriateness of each FP request was adjudicated based on published guidelines and clinical context.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the 15-month study period, 626 FP transfusions (210 FP requests) were administered to 88 patients. Inappropriate FP requests decreased slightly from phases I to III (60% vs 46%; P = .09), FP requests that were consistent with the guidelines did not change (23% vs 22%; P = .86), and FP requests that were appropriate for the ICU yet inconsistent with the guidelines increased (17% vs 32%; P = .04). Although uptake of the FP request form decreased in phase III, it was associated with fewer inappropriate transfusions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The behavior-change strategy modestly improved appropriate use of FP transfusions in the ICU. Improving FP request form accuracy, completeness, and compliance may be required to achieve maximum effect and ensure sustainability.
authors: Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5. arnold@mcmaster.ca
authors: Donald M
authors: DM
authors: Arnold
authors: Francois
authors: F
authors: Lauzier
authors: Heather
authors: H
authors: Whittingham
authors: Qi
authors: Q
authors: Zhou
authors: Mark A
authors: MA
authors: Crowther
authors: Ellen
authors: E
authors: McDonald
authors: Deborah J
authors: DJ
authors: Cook
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019985:Benchmarking; D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003422:Critical Care; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008485:Medical Audit; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D010949:Plasma; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019564:Unnecessary Procedures