title: Incidence and effects of genetic factors on canine impaction in an isolated Jewish population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The etiology of palatal canine impaction is multifactorial and includes a genetic contribution. The aim of this study was to find the incidence and effects of genetic factors on palatally impacted canines in a genetically isolated community of ultraorthodox Hassidic Jews of Ashkenazi decent.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, we retrospectively evaluated 1000 charts of Hassidic Jewish patients. Their distribution was 58% female and 42% male, with a mean age of 14 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From those patients, 49 (4.9%) were determined to have canine impaction. Of these 49, 69.4% had unilateral palatal impaction, 26.5% had bilateral palatal impaction, and 4.1% had unilateral labial impaction. The z-test of proportion showed that female patients have a greater percentage than males for unilateral palatal impaction (P <0.01) with left-side dominance (P <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results imply that genetics plays a significant role in maxillary canine palatal impaction. A genetically isolated Hassidic Jewish community can be a useful group to study the effects of genetic factors on various dental anomalies, including palatally displaced canines.
authors: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11219, USA. dchung@maimonidesmed.org
authors: David D
authors: DD
authors: Chung
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Weisberg
authors: Murali
authors: M
authors: Pagala
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000473:pathology; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology*; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007585:Jews / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008046:Lip / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D009811:Odontometry / Q000379:methods; D010159:Palate / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics