title: NOX isoforms and reactive oxygen species in vascular health.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are important mediators of cell growth, adhesion, differentiation, migration, senescence, and apoptosis. ROS play an important physiological role in regulating vascular tone and can also contribute to pathological mechanisms related to endothelial dysfunction, vascular reactivity, arterial remodeling, and vascular inflammation. The major source of ROS generated in the cardiovascular system is the NADPH oxidase (NOX) family of enzymes, of which seven members have been characterized. Although each NOX family member is typified by six transmembrane domains along with a cytoplasmic domain that binds NADPH and FAD, each isoform is distinguished by the specific catalytic subunit, interacting proteins, and subcellular localization. We review the current understanding of NOX signaling and regulatory mechanisms related to vascular health and disease.
authors: Kidney Research Centre, Ottawa Health Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. rtouyz@uottawa.ca
authors: Rhian M
authors: RM
authors: Touyz
authors: Ana M
authors: AM
authors: Briones
authors: Mona
authors: M
authors: Sedeek
authors: Dylan
authors: D
authors: Burger
authors: Augosto C
authors: AC
authors: Montezano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006262:Health; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019255:NADPH Oxidases