title: HIV and chronic methamphetamine dependence affect cerebral blood flow.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and methamphetamine (METH) dependence are independently associated with neuronal dysfunction. The coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neuronal activity is the basis of many task-based functional neuroimaging techniques. We examined the interaction between HIV infection and a previous history of METH dependence on CBF within the lenticular nuclei (LN). Twenty-four HIV-/METH-, eight HIV-/METH+, 24 HIV+/METH-, and 15 HIV+/METH+ participants performed a finger tapping paradigm. A multiple regression analysis of covariance assessed associations and two-way interactions between CBF and HIV serostatus and/or previous history of METH dependence. HIV+ individuals had a trend towards a lower baseline CBF (-10%, p = 0.07) and greater CBF changes for the functional task (+32%, p = 0.01) than HIV- subjects. Individuals with a previous history of METH dependence had a lower baseline CBF (-16%, p = 0.007) and greater CBF changes for a functional task (+33%, p = 0.02). However, no interaction existed between HIV serostatus and previous history of METH dependence for either baseline CBF (p = 0.53) or CBF changes for a functional task (p = 0.10). In addition, CBF and volume in the LN were not correlated. A possible additive relationship could exist between HIV infection and a history of METH dependence on CBF with a previous history of METH dependence having a larger contribution. Abnormalities in CBF could serve as a surrogate measure for assessing the chronic effects of HIV and previous METH dependence on brain function.
authors: Department of Neurology, Washington University in St. Louis, 660 South Euclid Ave, Box 08111, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. bances@wustl.edu
authors: Beau M
authors: BM
authors: Ances
authors: Florin
authors: F
authors: Vaida
authors: Mariana
authors: M
authors: Cherner
authors: Melinda J
authors: MJ
authors: Yeh
authors: Christine L
authors: CL
authors: Liang
authors: Carly
authors: C
authors: Gardner
authors: Igor
authors: I
authors: Grant
authors: Ronald J
authors: RJ
authors: Ellis
authors: Richard B
authors: RB
authors: Buxton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D055815:Young Adult
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008694:Methamphetamine