title: Ghrelin family of peptides and gut motility.
abstract: Acyl ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin, and obestatin are three peptides isolated from the gastrointestinal tract and encoded by the same preproghrelin gene. Three ghrelin gene products participate in modulating appetite, adipogenesis, glucose metabolism, cell proliferation, immune, sleep, memory, anxiety, cognition, and stress. We have investigated the effects of ghrelin family of peptides on fed and fasted motor activities in the stomach and duodenum of freely moving conscious rats by manometric method. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) and intravenous (IV) administration of acyl ghrelin induced fasted motor activity in the duodenum in fed rats. ICV and IV administration of des-acyl ghrelin disrupted fasted motor activity in the antrum. Changes in gastric motility induced by IV administration of des-acyl ghrelin were antagonized by ICV administration of a corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) 2 receptor antagonist. IV administration of obestatin decreased the percentage motor index in the antrum and prolonged the time taken to return to fasted motility in the duodenum in fed rats. ICV administration of CRF 1 and 2 receptor antagonists prevented the effects of obestatin on gastroduodenal motility. Ghrelin gene products regulate feeding-associated gastroduodenal motility. Stomach may regulate various functions including gastrointestinal motility via acyl ghrelin, des-acyl ghrelin and obestatin as an endocrine organ. Increasing knowledge of the effects of ghrelin family of peptides on gastrointestinal motility could lead to innovative new therapies for functional gastrointestinal disorders.
authors: Department of Social and Behavioral Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan. asakawa@m2.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors: Akihiro
authors: A
authors: Asakawa
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Ataka
authors: Kazunori
authors: K
authors: Fujino
authors: Chih-Yen
authors: CY
authors: Chen
authors: Ikuo
authors: I
authors: Kato
authors: Mineko
authors: M
authors: Fujimiya
authors: Akio
authors: A
authors: Inui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003243:Consciousness; D004386:Duodenum / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism*; D004435:Eating; D005215:Fasting; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D054439:Ghrelin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008365:Manometry; D051381:Rats; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D013270:Stomach / Q000294:innervation; D013997:Time Factors; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1
chemical_list: C101531:CRF receptor type 2; D054439:Ghrelin; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; C422650:ghrelin, des-n-octanoyl; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1