title: Multi-spectrometric analyses of lipoteichoic acids isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum.
abstract: Lipoteichoic acid is a major cell wall virulence factor of gram-positive bacteria. LTAs from various bacteria have differential immunostimulatory potentials due to heterogeneity in their structures. Although recent studies have demonstrated that LTA isolated from Lactobacillus plantarum (pLTA) has anti-inflammatory properties and is less inflammatory than LTAs from pathogenic bacteria, little is known about the structure of pLTA. In this study, high-field NMR spectra of the pLTA were compared with those of LTA from pathogenic bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus (aLTA). The 2D NMR results demonstrated that pLTA possesses α-linked hexose sugar substituents on the poly-glycerophosphate backbone instead of N-acetylglucosamine substituents, and unsaturated fatty acids in its glycolipids. The sugar substituents were revealed as an approximately 29:1 molar ratio of the glucose to galactose by HPAEC-PAD analysis. MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analyses identified the presence of unsaturated fatty acids in the glycolipid moieties of pLTA. In addition, the glycolipid structure was found to be composed of trihexosyl-diacyl- and/or trihexosyl-triacyl-glycerol ceramide units by means of unique fragment ions of the glycolipids. These results enabled us to elucidate the pLTA structure, which is distinctively different from canonical LTA structure, and suggest that the unique immunological property of pLTA might be caused by the pLTA structure.
authors: Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Interdisciplinary Program for Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Republic of Korea.
authors: Kyoung-Soon
authors: KS
authors: Jang
authors: Jung Eun
authors: JE
authors: Baik
authors: Seung Hyun
authors: SH
authors: Han
authors: Dae Kyun
authors: DK
authors: Chung
authors: Byung-Gee
authors: BG
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D048191:Lactiplantibacillus plantarum / Q000737:chemistry*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000737:chemistry; D013682:Teichoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013682:Teichoic Acids; C009900:lipoteichoic acid