title: Hemostatic abnormalities in dogs with carcinoma: a thromboelastographic characterization of hypercoagulability.
abstract: Hemostatic abnormalities were investigated in 32 dogs with carcinoma and 19 age-matched healthy dogs. Thromboelastography, hemostasis profile (i.e. prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastin time [aPTT], fibrinogen concentration), platelet count (PLT), thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) activity were evaluated. Dogs with carcinomas had faster thrombus generation (TEG(TG), a mathematic value obtained from the first derivate of the thromboelastographic tracing; 834.8±91.1 vs. 707.8±75.8mm/min; mean±SD), increased fibrinogen concentration (276 vs. 151mg/dL), and PLT (425 vs. 324U×10(9)/L), but had decreased PAI-1 activity (15.7 vs. 26.2IU/mL).The most common hemostatic abnormalities found in carcinoma dogs were hypercoagulability (TEG(TG)>mean+2 SD of healthy dogs) and thrombocytosis (PLT>424×10(9)U/L) in 46% of cases, and hyperfibrinogenemia (fibrinogen >384mg/dL) in 32% of cases. Disseminated intravascular coagulation was uncommon and the extent of disease was not correlated with hypercoagulability. TEG(TG) showed good correlation with fibrinogen (r=0.80) and hyperfibrinogenemia seems to be a main factor of the hypercoagulable state in carcinoma dogs. In conclusion, TEG(TG) is a valid parameter to diagnose hypercoagulability.
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Electronic address: psaavedr@cvm.msu.edu.
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: Vilar Saavedra
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, the Queen Mother Hospital and the Royal Veterinary College, The University of London, Hatfield, UK.
authors: Ana
authors: A
authors: Lara García
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors: Sara
authors: S
authors: Zaldívar López
authors: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences and Veterinary Medical Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; The OSU Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors: Guillermo
authors: G
authors: Couto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000990:Antithrombin III; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000502:physiology; D020141:Hemostatic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000097:blood; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D013916:Thrombelastography / Q000662:veterinary; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; D000990:Antithrombin III; D005340:Fibrinogen; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases