title: [Constitutional risk factors in prostate cancer].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this review is to update and divulge the main constitutional risk factors involved in the etiopathology of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bibliographic review of the scientific literature on the constitutional risk factors associated with prostate cancer between 1985 and 2010, obtained from MedLine, CancerLit, Science Citation Index and Embase. The search profiles were Risk Factors, Genetic Factors, Genetic Polymorphisms, Genomics, Etiology, Epidemiology, Hormonal Factors, Endocrinology, Primary Prevention and Prostate Cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The principal constitutional risk factors are: age (before the age of 50 years at least 0.7% of these neoplasms are diagnosed and between 75-85% are diagnosed after the age of 65 years), ethnic-racial and geographic (African Americans present the highest incidence rates, and the lowest are found in South East Asia), genetic, family and hereditary (family syndromes cover 13-26% of all prostate cancers, of which 5% are of autosomal dominant inheritance), hormonal (it is a hormone-dependent tumour), anthropometric (obesity increases the risk), perinatal, arterial hypertension and type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Constitutional risk factors play a very important role in the etiopathology of prostate cancer, especially age, ethnic-racial-geographic factors and genetic-family factors. We cannot know what percentage of these neoplasms are a result of constitutional factors, because our knowledge of these factors is currently lacking.
authors: Unidad de Salud Medioambiental Pediátrica, Unidad de Oncología Pediátrica, Hospital Infantil Universitario La Fe, Valencia, España. ferris_jos@gva.es
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Ferrís-i-Tortajada
authors: J
authors: J
authors: García-i-Castell
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Berbel-Tornero
authors: J A
authors: JA
authors: Ortega-García
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000728:Androgens; D000886:Anthropometry; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology; D005006:Ethnicity; D006728:Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D009386:Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D006728:Hormones