title: In vivo real-time multiphoton imaging of T lymphocytes in the mouse brain after experimental stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To gain a better understanding of T cell behavior after stroke, we have developed real-time in vivo brain imaging of T cells by multiphoton microscopy after middle cerebral artery occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male hCD2-GFP transgenic mice that exhibit green fluorescent protein-labeled T cells underwent permanent left distal middle cerebral artery occlusion by electrocoagulation (n=6) or sham surgery (n=6) and then multiphoton laser imaging 72 hours later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Extravasated T cell number significantly increased after middle cerebral artery occlusion versus sham. Two T cell populations existed after middle cerebral artery occlusion, possibly driven by 2 T cell subpopulations; 1 had significantly lower and the other significantly higher track velocity and displacement rate than sham.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The different motilities and behaviors of T cells observed using our imaging approach after stroke could reveal important mechanisms of immune surveillance for future therapeutic exploitations.
authors: Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy & Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 161 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G4 0RE, UK.
authors: Stefano
authors: S
authors: Fumagalli
authors: Jonathan A
authors: JA
authors: Coles
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Ejlerskov
authors: Fabrizio
authors: F
authors: Ortolano
authors: Trevor J
authors: TJ
authors: Bushell
authors: James M
authors: JM
authors: Brewer
authors: Maria-Grazia
authors: MG
authors: De Simoni
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Dever
authors: Paul
authors: P
authors: Garside
authors: Pasquale
authors: P
authors: Maffia
authors: Hilary V
authors: HV
authors: Carswell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008808:Mice, Inbred CBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods*; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins