title: Reject water treatment by improvement of whole cell anammox entrapment using polyvinyl alcohol/alginate gel.
abstract: Reject water treatment performance was investigated by whole cell anammox sludge entrapped polyvinyl alcohol/sodium alginate gel in the stirred tank reactor (STR). The whole experiment was conducted through Phase 1 and Phase 2 in which synthetic wastewater and modified reject water were used as feeding medium, respectively. The anammox reactor demonstrated quick start-up after 22 days as well as stable and relatively high nitrogen removal rate of more than 8.0 kg-N m(-3) day(-1) during the two both phases even under moderately low temperature of 25 ± 0.5°C during the last 2 months of Phase 2. The matured brownish red PVA beads had good characteristics with buoyant density of 1.10 g cm(-3), settling velocity of 141 m h(-1) and diameter of 4 mm. The bacterial community was identified by 16S rDNA analysis revealing the concurrent existence of KSU-1 and new kind anammox bacterium Kumadai-I after changing influent from synthetic wastewater to reject water. It was speculated that Kumadai-I might play a role as "promotion" factor together with KSU-1 on high nitrogen removal rate. These results demonstrate the potential application of whole cell anammox entrapment by PVA/alginate gel for achieving stable and high-rate nitrogen removal from high ammonium with low C/N ratio contained wastewaters, such as reject water, digester liquor or landfill leachate.
authors: Graduate School of Science and Technology (GSST), Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto, 860-8555, Japan. lmquan_ceetia@yahoo.com
authors: Lai Minh
authors: LM
authors: Quan
authors: Do Phuong
authors: do P
authors: Khanh
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Hira
authors: Takao
authors: T
authors: Fujii
authors: Kenji
authors: K
authors: Furukawa
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000378:metabolism*; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D018914:Cells, Immobilized / Q000201:enzymology; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005782:Gels; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D059013:Microbial Consortia / Q000502:physiology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000378:metabolism*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D013696:Temperature; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D005782:Gels; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D009584:Nitrogen