title: Gibberellin biosynthesis and signalling during development of the strawberry receptacle.
abstract: The enlargement of receptacle cells during strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) fruit development is a critical factor determining fruit size, with the increase in cell expansion being one of the most important physiological processes regulated by the phytohormone gibberellin (GA). Here, we studied the role of GA during strawberry fruit development by analyzing the endogenous content of bioactive GAs and the expression of key components of GA signalling and metabolism. Bioactive GA(1) , GA(3) and GA(4) were monitored during fruit development, with the content of GA(4) being extremely high in the receptacle, peaking at the white stage of development. •Genes with high homology to genes encoding GA pathway components, including receptors (FaGID1(GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE DWARF1)b and FaGID1c), DELLA (FaRGA(REPRESSOR OF GA) and FaGAI(GA-INSENSITIVE)), and enzymes involved in GA biosynthesis (FaGA3ox) and catabolism (FaGA2ox), were identified, and their expression in different tissues and developmental stages of strawberry fruit was studied in detail. The expression of all of these genes showed a stage-specific pattern during fruit development and was highest in the receptacle. FaGID1c bound GA in vitro, interacted with FaRGA in vitro and in vivo, and increased GA responses when ectopically expressed in Arabidopsis. This study thus reveals key elements of GA responses in strawberry and points to a critical role for GA in the development of the receptacle.
authors: Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
authors: Fabiana
authors: F
authors: Csukasi
authors: Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors: Sonia
authors: S
authors: Osorio
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
authors: Jose R
authors: JR
authors: Gutierrez
authors: Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors: Jun
authors: J
authors: Kitamura
authors: Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Giavalisco
authors: Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors: Masatoshi
authors: M
authors: Nakajima
authors: Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors: Alisdair R
authors: AR
authors: Fernie
authors: The Sainsbury Laboratory, Colney, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
authors: John P
authors: JP
authors: Rathjen
authors: Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
authors: Miguel A
authors: MA
authors: Botella
authors: Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
authors: Victoriano
authors: V
authors: Valpuesta
authors: Instituto de Hortofruticultura Subtropical y Mediterránea, Universidad de Málaga-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IHSM-UMA-CSIC), Departamento de Biología Molecular y Bioquímica, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
authors: Nieves
authors: N
authors: Medina-Escobar
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049108:Cell Enlargement; D031985:Fragaria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins