title: Enhancement of artemisinin content in tetraploid Artemisia annua plants by modulating the expression of genes in artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.
abstract: Tetraploid Artemisia annua plants were successfully inducted by using colchicine, and their ploidy was confirmed by flow cytometry. Higher stomatal length but lower frequency in tetraploids were revealed and could be considered as indicators of polyploidy. The average level of artemisinin in tetraploids was increased from 39% to 56% than that of the diploids during vegetation period, as detected by high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detector. Gene expressions of 10 key enzymes related to artemisinin biosynthetic pathway in different ploidy level were analyzed by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction and significant upregulation of FPS, HMGR, and artemisinin metabolite-specific Aldh1 genes were revealed in tetraploids. Slight increased expression of ADS was also detected. Our results suggest that higher artemisinin content in tetraploid A. annua may result from the upregulated expression of some key enzyme genes related to artemisinin biosynthetic pathway.
authors: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors: Xiuyan
authors: X
authors: Lin
authors: Yin
authors: Y
authors: Zhou
authors: Jianjun
authors: J
authors: Zhang
authors: Xu
authors: X
authors: Lu
authors: Fangyuan
authors: F
authors: Zhang
authors: Qian
authors: Q
authors: Shen
authors: Shaoyan
authors: S
authors: Wu
authors: Yunfei
authors: Y
authors: Chen
authors: Tao
authors: T
authors: Wang
authors: Kexuan
authors: K
authors: Tang
mesh_terms: D000962:Antimalarials / Q000378:metabolism*; D031172:Artemisia annua / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003078:Colchicine / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D054046:Plant Stomata / Q000378:metabolism; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D057891:Tetraploidy
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D003078:Colchicine