title: Dietary fructooligosaccharides and wheat bran elicit specific and dose-dependent gene expression profiles in the proximal colon epithelia of healthy Fischer 344 rats.
abstract: Proximal colon epithelial gene responses to diets containing increasing levels of dietary fermentable material (FM) from 2 different sources were measured to determine whether gene expression patterns were independent of the source of FM. Male Fischer 344 rats (10/group) were fed for 6 wk a control diet containing 10% (g/g) cellulose (0% FM); or a 2, 5, or 10% wheat bran (WB) diet (1, 2, 5% FM); or a 2, 5, or 8% fructooligosaccharides (FOS) diet (2, 5, 8% FM). WB and FOS were substituted for cellulose to give a final 10% nondigestible material content including FM. Gene responses were relative to expression in rats fed the control diet. The gene response patterns associated with feeding ∼2% FM (5% WB and 2% FOS) were similar (∼10 gene changes ≥ 1.6-fold; P ≤ 0.01) and involved genes associated with transport (Scnn1g, Mt1a), transcription (Zbtb16, Egr1), immunity (Fkbp5), a gut hormone (Retn1β), and lipid metabolism (Scd2, Insig1). These changes were also similar to those associated with 5% FM but only in rats fed the 10% WB diet. In contrast, the 5% FOS diet (~5% FM) was associated with 68 gene expression changes ≥ 1.6-fold (P ≤ 0.01). The diet with the highest level of fermentation (8% FOS, ~8% FM) was associated with 132 changes ≥ 1.6-fold (P ≤ 0.01), including genes associated with transport, cellular proliferation, oncogene and tumor metastasis, the cell cycle, apoptosis, signal transduction, transcript regulation, immunity, gut hormones, and lipid metabolic processes. These results show that both the amount and source of FM determine proximal colon epithelial gene response patterns in rats.
authors: Nutrition Research Division, Health Products and Food Branch, Health Canada, Banting Research Centre, Ottawa, Canada.
authors: Qixuan
authors: Q
authors: Chen
authors: Eleonora
authors: E
authors: Swist
authors: Jocelyn
authors: J
authors: Beckstead
authors: Judy
authors: J
authors: Green
authors: Fernando
authors: F
authors: Matias
authors: Jennifer
authors: J
authors: Roberts
authors: Cunye
authors: C
authors: Qiao
authors: Jayadev
authors: J
authors: Raju
authors: Stephen P J
authors: SP
authors: Brooks
authors: Kylie A
authors: KA
authors: Scoggan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002482:Cellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D005632:Fructose; D002482:Cellulose