title: pH and calcium ion release evaluation of pure and calcium hydroxide-containing Epiphany for use in retrograde filling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hydroxyl (OH-) and calcium (Ca++) ion release was evaluated in six materials: G1) Sealer 26, G2) White mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), G3) Epiphany, G4) Epiphany + 10% calcium hydroxide (CH), G5) Epiphany + 20% CH, and G6) zinc oxide and eugenol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens were placed in polyethylene tubes and immersed in distilled water. After 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, 7, 14, and 28 days, the water was assessed for pH with a pH meter and for Ca++ release by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  G1, G2, G4, and G5 had the highest pH until 14 days (p<0.05). G1 presented the highest Ca++ release until 6 h, and G4 and G5, from 12 h through 14 days. Ca++ release was greater for G1 and G2 at 28 days. G6 released the least Ca++.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MTA, Sealer 26, Epiphany, and Epiphany + CH release OH- and Ca++ ions. Epiphany + CH may be an alternative as retrofilling material.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, São Paulo State University, Araraquara, SP, Brazil. tanomaru@uol.com.br
authors: Mário
authors: M
authors: Tanomaru-Filho
authors: Juliana Nogueira
authors: JN
authors: Saçaki
authors: Frederico Bordini Chaves
authors: FB
authors: Faleiros
authors: Juliane Maria
authors: JM
authors: Guerreiro-Tanomaru
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry; D012184:Retrograde Obturation / Q000379:methods*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; C080620:Sealer 26; D017640:Silicates; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C486893:epiphany sealer; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D014867:Water; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002118:Calcium; D001729:Bismuth