title: Human Glutathione S-transferase A1 polymorphism and susceptibility to oral squamous cell carcinoma in Japanese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glutathione S-transferase (GST) A1 catalyses the activated heterocyclic aromatic a mine carcinogenN-acetoxy-2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (N-OAc-PhIP). This case-control study was carried out to examine whether the genetic polymorphism of GSTA1 is associated with the risk oforal squamous cell carcinoma among Japanese people in relation to their smoking status.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 97 Japanese oral squamous cell carcinoma patients and 457 healthy controls were compared for the frequencies of theGSTA1 genotypes ((*) A:-567T,-69C,-52G,(*) B:-567G,-69T,-52A).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequencies ofGSTA1 (*)A/(*)B+(*)B/(*) B genotypes were 32.3% in male cancer patients and 11.4% in female cancer patients, compared with 20.1% in the male control group (Odds ratio (OR)=1.86; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.99-3.46) and 23.1% in the female control group (OR=0.58; 95% CI 0.18-1.81). TheGSTA1 (*)A/(*)B+(*)B/(*) B genotypes were associated with an 86% increased risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma among males, albeit without statistical significance. Also, among male smokers, the frequency ofGSTA1 (*)A/(*)B+(*)B/(*) B genotypes was significantly higher among the oral squamous cell carcinoma patients (33.3%) than among the controls (19.6%). The OR of the male smokers with theGSTA1 (*)A/(*)B+(*)B/(*) B genotypes for oral squamous cell carcinoma was 1.97 (95% CI 1.02-3.79).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present the first evidence of an association betweenGSTA1 (*) B and oral squamous cell carcinoma among smokers. This study suggests that the GSTA1 polymorphism and tobacco smoke-derived PhIP are associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility among male smokers.
authors: Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, 889-1692, Miyazaki, Japan.
authors: Yasuhiro
authors: Y
authors: Komiya
authors: Yoshiki
authors: Y
authors: Kuroda
authors: Hiroyuki
authors: H
authors: Nakao
authors: Katsuyuki
authors: K
authors: Arizono
authors: Ai
authors: A
authors: Nakahara
authors: Takahiko
authors: T
authors: Katoh