title: Crossreactivity of bupropion metabolite with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays designed to detect amphetamine in urine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drug screening is rapid, inexpensive, and is often used in clinical, forensic, and workplace drug testing to gain informative results. This article seeks to determine if bupropion and/or its metabolites is resulting in false-positive amphetamine screening results in our case samples using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fortified urine and forensic case samples were used to determine crossreactivity of bupropion and its main metabolite to four different amphetamine and methamphetamine enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits used to screen for amphetamine may result in false-positive results if bupropion metabolites are present in concentrations greater than 500 ng/mL. Three case samples gave a positive screen results for amphetamine using Amphetamine ULTRA kits, yet no amphetamines were confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and all samples were positive for bupropion and metabolites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laboratory directors and clinicians should be aware of the characteristic of their chosen laboratory assay and should communicate this to physicians so that results can be interpreted accurately.
authors: University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Forensic Toxicology Laboratory, Miami, FL 33177, USA. lreidy@med.miami.edu
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Reidy
authors: H Chip
authors: HC
authors: Walls
authors: Bernard W
authors: BW
authors: Steele
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D016642:Bupropion / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D016642:Bupropion