title: Experimental infection of colostrum-deprived calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus type 1a isolated from free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus).
abstract: The objective of this study was to experimentally infect calves with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) isolated from free-ranging white-tailed deer. Twelve colostrum-deprived male Holstein calves were used. Eight were inoculated intranasally with a BVDV type 1a isolated from free-ranging white-tailed deer, and the other four were inoculated with the cell culture medium only and served as a control group. Whole blood, saliva, and nasal and rectal secretions were collected on days 0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 after inoculation for virus isolation and real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). On days 14 and 21, 4 calves in the infected group and 2 in the control group were euthanized; multiple tissue samples were collected for histopathologic study. Histopathologic changes included thymic atrophy and lymphoid depletion of the Peyer's patches in all 8 infected calves. The RT-PCR gave positive results with the buffy coat of all 8 infected calves, the nasal samples of 7, and the saliva samples of 2. Virus neutralization testing of the serum gave positive results for 4 of the 8 infected calves, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the serum gave positive results for 3. All of the samples from the control calves yielded negative results.
authors: School of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA. eraizman@purdue.edu
authors: Eran A
authors: EA
authors: Raizman
authors: Roman M
authors: RM
authors: Pogranichniy
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Levy
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Negron
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Van Alstine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D002417:Cattle; D003670:Deer / Q000821:virology*; D030241:Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction